1
|
Lähteenoja L, Palosaari T, Tiirikka T, Haanpää M, Moilanen J, Falck A, Rahikkala E. Clinical and genetic characteristics and natural history of Finnish families with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy due to pathogenic FZD4 variants. Acta Ophthalmol 2024. [PMID: 38706142 DOI: 10.1111/aos.16701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report clinical and genetic characteristics of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) in the Finnish population. METHODS Detailed clinical and genetic data of 35 individuals with heterozygous pathogenic variants in FZD4 were gathered and analysed. RESULTS Thirty-two individuals with FZD4 c.313A>G variant and three individuals with FZD4 c.40_49del were included in the study. The clinical phenotype was variable even among family members with the same FZD4 variant. Only 34% (N = 12/35) of variant-positive individuals had been clinically diagnosed with FEVR. The median age of the onset of symptoms was 2.3 years, ranging between 0 to 25 years. Median visual acuity was 0.1 logMAR (0.8 Snellen decimal), ranging between light perception and -0.1 logMAR (1.25 Snellen decimal). Most (N = 33/35, 94%) were classified as not visually impaired. Despite unilateral visual loss present in some, they did not meet the criteria of visual impairment according to the WHO classification. Two study patients (N = 2/35, 6%) had severe visual impairment. The most common FEVR stage in study patient's eyes (N = 28/70 eyes, 40%) was FEVR stage 1, that is, avascular periphery or abnormal vascularisation. Most of FZD4-variant-positive study patient's eyes (N = 31/50 eyes, 62%) were myopic. Two individuals presented with persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous expanding the phenotypic spectrum of FEVR. Shared haplotypes extending approximately 0.9 Mb around the recurrent FZD4 c.313A>G variant were identified. CONCLUSION Most study patients were unaffected or had mild clinical manifestations by FEVR. Myopia seemed to be overly common in FZD4-variant-positive individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Lähteenoja
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tapani Palosaari
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Timo Tiirikka
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maria Haanpää
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aura Falck
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Elisa Rahikkala
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ruutila M, Fagerholm P, Lagali N, Hjortdal J, Bram T, Yamaguchi T, Moilanen J, Krootila K, Kivelä TT. Does Corneal Topography Using 3-Dimensional Optical Coherence Tomography Suggest Different Subtypes of Terrien Marginal Degeneration? Cornea 2024; 43:571-577. [PMID: 37944005 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to analyze corneal topography relative to astigmatism, higher order aberrations, and corneal curvatures in Terrien marginal degeneration using 3-dimensional anterior-segment optical coherence tomography. METHODS Twenty-nine eyes of 15 Finnish patients from a tertiary referral center had topographic axial power maps classified into 4 patterns by visual grading: crab claw (CC), mixed (M), arcuate (A), and normal. Regular astigmatism, keratometry, higher order aberrations, maximal corneal thinning, apex thickness, and curvature changes relative to best fit sphere toward maximal peripheral thinning were compared. RESULTS Four, 9, and 12 eyes were classified as CC, M, and A, respectively; 1 as normal with clinical disease; and 3 as normal with unilateral disease. Median follow-up was 2.3 (range, 0-7.2) years. Three eyes changed pattern. Patients with the CC pattern were the youngest when diagnosed, progressed more rapidly, exhibited cavities in superior quadrants with anterior bulging, and had greater higher order posterior aberrations. Patients with the M pattern were older, progressed slower, and showed superonasal asymmetric corneal steepening extending centrally, often with asymmetric bow tie. Patients with pattern A showed little progression and were the oldest when diagnosed, with maximal corneal thinning equally in all quadrants. According to the Wang classification, the median stage was 4, 2, and 2 in CC, M, and A patterns, respectively, whereas it was always 2 by the Süveges classification. CONCLUSIONS Terrien marginal degeneration is characterized by distinct corneal topographic patterns that differ in tomographic features, suggesting existence of subtypes in addition to different stages of disease. Patients representing CC and M patterns might benefit from more frequent monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minna Ruutila
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per Fagerholm
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Neil Lagali
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jesper Hjortdal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; and
| | - Thue Bram
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; and
| | - Takefumi Yamaguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Krootila
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tero T Kivelä
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jäntti J, Viitaja T, Sevón J, Lajunen T, Raitanen JE, Schlegel C, Viljanen M, Paananen RO, Moilanen J, Ruponen M, Ekholm FS. Early-Stage Development of an Anti-Evaporative Liposomal Formulation for the Potential Treatment of Dry Eyes. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1518-1530. [PMID: 37854619 PMCID: PMC10580384 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED), the most common ocular disorder, reduces the quality of life for hundreds of millions of people annually. In healthy eyes, the tear film lipid layer (TFLL) stabilizes the tear film and moderates the evaporation rate of tear fluid. In >80% of DED cases, these central features are compromised leading to tear film instability and excessive evaporation of tear fluid. Herein we assess the potential of liposomal formulations featuring phosphatidylcholines and tailored lipid species from the wax ester and O-acyl-ω-hydroxy fatty acid categories in targeting this defect. The developed lead formulation displays good evaporation-resistant properties and respreadability over compression-expansion cycles in our Langmuir model system and a promising safety and efficacy profile in vitro. Preclinical in vivo studies will in the future be required to further assess and validate the potential of this concept in the treatment of DED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janika Jäntti
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuomo Viitaja
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Julia Sevón
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jan-Erik Raitanen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Cordula Schlegel
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mira Viljanen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riku O. Paananen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marika Ruponen
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Filip. S. Ekholm
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Aulanko I, Rahikkala E, Moilanen J. Psychiatric symptoms in Salla disease. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 32:2043-2047. [PMID: 35796883 PMCID: PMC10533638 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02031-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Salla disease (SD) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder characterised by intellectual disability ataxia, athetosis, nystagmus, and central nervous system demyelination. Although the neurological spectrum of SD's clinical phenotype is well defined, psychotic symptoms in SD remain unreported. We reviewed the presence of psychiatric symptoms in patients diagnosed with SD. Medical records of all SD patients at Oulu University Hospital during the years 1982-2015 were systematically reviewed to evaluate the presence of psychiatric symptoms. Psychiatric symptoms were frequently associated with SD (10/24, 42%), and two patients were described as developing psychosis as adolescents. We reported their clinical characteristics in detail and assessed the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in a cohort of 24 patients. Other psychiatric factors associated with SD were sleeping disorders (8/24, 32%), aggressive behaviour disorders or restlessness (6/24, 25%), and off-label antipsychotic medication (4/24, 17%). This report expands the knowledge of the phenotypic spectrum of SD and demonstrates the importance of recognising the possibility of psychiatric symptoms, including psychosis, in persons with SD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ida Aulanko
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
- Doctoral Programme in Clinical Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, OYS, P.O. Box 23, 90029, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Elisa Rahikkala
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, OYS, P.O. Box 23, 90029, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, OYS, P.O. Box 23, 90029, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kumpula TA, Vorimo S, Mattila TT, O’Gorman L, Astuti G, Tervasmäki A, Koivuluoma S, Mattila TM, Grip M, Winqvist R, Kuismin O, Moilanen J, Hoischen A, Gilissen C, Mantere T, Pylkäs K. Exome sequencing identified rare recurrent copy number variants and hereditary breast cancer susceptibility. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010889. [PMID: 37578974 PMCID: PMC10449128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Copy number variants (CNVs) are a major source of genetic variation and can disrupt genes or affect gene dosage. They are known to be causal or underlie predisposition to various diseases. However, the role of CNVs in inherited breast cancer susceptibility has not been thoroughly investigated. To address this, we performed whole-exome sequencing based analysis of rare CNVs in 98 high-risk Northern Finnish breast cancer cases. After filtering, selected candidate alleles were validated and characterized with a combination of orthogonal methods, including PCR-based approaches, optical genome mapping and long-read sequencing. This revealed three recurrent alterations: a 31 kb deletion co-occurring with a retrotransposon insertion (delins) in RAD52, a 13.4 kb deletion in HSD17B14 and a 64 kb partial duplication of RAD51C. Notably, all these genes encode proteins involved in pathways previously identified as essential for breast cancer development. Variants were genotyped in geographically matched cases and controls (altogether 278 hereditary and 1983 unselected breast cancer cases, and 1229 controls). The RAD52 delins and HSD17B14 deletion both showed significant enrichment among cases with indications of hereditary disease susceptibility. RAD52 delins was identified in 7/278 cases (2.5%, P = 0.034, OR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.10-7.45) and HSD17B14 deletion in 8/278 cases (2.9%, P = 0.014, OR = 3.28, 95% CI = 1.31-8.23), the frequency of both variants in the controls being 11/1229 (0.9%). This suggests a role for RAD52 and HSD17B14 in hereditary breast cancer susceptibility. The RAD51C duplication was very rare, identified only in 2/278 of hereditary cases and 2/1229 controls (P = 0.157, OR = 4.45, 95% CI = 0.62-31.70). The identification of recurrent CNVs in these genes, and especially the relatively high frequency of RAD52 and HSD17B14 alterations in the Finnish population, highlights the importance of studying CNVs alongside single nucleotide variants when searching for genetic factors underlying hereditary disease predisposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timo A. Kumpula
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Research Unit of Translational Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sandra Vorimo
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Research Unit of Translational Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Taneli T. Mattila
- Department of Pathology, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Luke O’Gorman
- Department of Human Genetics and Radboud Institute of Medical Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Galuh Astuti
- Department of Human Genetics and Radboud Institute of Medical Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Anna Tervasmäki
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Research Unit of Translational Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Susanna Koivuluoma
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Research Unit of Translational Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tiina M. Mattila
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Research Unit of Translational Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mervi Grip
- Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Research Unit of Translational Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Outi Kuismin
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Alexander Hoischen
- Department of Human Genetics and Radboud Institute of Medical Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Gilissen
- Department of Human Genetics and Radboud Institute of Medical Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tuomo Mantere
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Research Unit of Translational Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Human Genetics and Radboud Institute of Medical Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Research Unit of Translational Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Nordlab, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kumpula TA, Koivuluoma S, Soikkonen L, Vorimo S, Moilanen J, Winqvist R, Mantere T, Kuismin O, Pylkäs K. Evaluating the role of CHEK2 p.(Asp438Tyr) allele in inherited breast cancer predisposition. Fam Cancer 2023; 22:291-294. [PMID: 36653541 PMCID: PMC10276058 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-023-00327-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
CHEK2 is a well-established breast cancer susceptibility gene. The most frequent pathogenic CHEK2 variant is 1100delC, a loss-of-function mutation conferring 2-fold risk for breast cancer. This gene also harbors other rare variants encountered in the clinical gene panels for hereditary cancer. One of these is CHEK2 c.1312 G > T, p.(Asp438Tyr) in the kinase domain of the protein, but due to its rarity its clinical significance for breast cancer predisposition has remained unclear. Here, we tested the prevalence of CHEK2 p.(Asp438Tyr) allele showing enrichment in the Northern Finnish population, in a total of 2284 breast cancer patients from this geographical region. Genotyping was performed for DNA samples extracted from peripheral blood using high-resolution melt analysis. Fourteen CHEK2 p.(Asp438Tyr) carriers were identified (14/2284, 0.6%, P = 0.67): two in the cohort of breast cancer cases with the indication of inherited disease susceptibility (2/281, 0.7%, P = 1.00) and twelve in the breast cancer cohort unselected for the family history of disease and age at disease onset (12/2003, 0.6%, P = 0.66). This frequency did not differ from the frequency in the general population (10/1299, 0.8%). No CHEK2 p.(Asp438Tyr) homozygotes were identified. Our results indicate that CHEK2 p.(Asp438Tyr) carriers do not have an increased risk for breast cancer and the classification of the CHEK2 p.(Asp438Tyr) variant can be changed from the variant of uncertain significance (VUS) to likely benign for breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timo A Kumpula
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, Oulu and NordLab Oulu, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Finland
| | - Susanna Koivuluoma
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, Oulu and NordLab Oulu, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Finland
| | - Leila Soikkonen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sandra Vorimo
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, Oulu and NordLab Oulu, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, Oulu and NordLab Oulu, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Finland
| | - Tuomo Mantere
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, Oulu and NordLab Oulu, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Finland
| | - Outi Kuismin
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, Oulu and NordLab Oulu, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Viitaja T, Raitanen JE, Moilanen J, Paananen RO, Ekholm FS. Biophysical profiling of synthetic ultra-long tear film lipids. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 223:113145. [PMID: 36701899 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The tear film lipid layer (TFLL) is a unique biological membrane of importance to the maintenance of ocular surface health. The underlying factors at play, e.g. the ability to retard evaporation and offer protection from the environment, are all closely connected to the properties of individual lipid components and their interplay. The TFLL contains unique ultra-long polar lipid species such as O-acyl-ω-hydroxy fatty acids, type I-St diesters and type II diesters, which are considered important for its proper function. Herein, we have synthesized model compounds from these categories and studied their biophysical and surface rheological properties at the aqueous interface. Altogether, we provide insights on the distinct biophysical profiles of these lipid classes and discuss how their interplay may affect the structure and function of the TFLL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuomo Viitaja
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jan-Erik Raitanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riku O Paananen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Filip S Ekholm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Koivuluoma S, Vorimo S, Mattila TM, Tervasmäki A, Kumpula T, Kuismin O, Winqvist R, Moilanen J, Mantere T, Pylkäs K. Truncating TINF2 p.Tyr312Ter variant and inherited breast cancer susceptibility. Fam Cancer 2023; 22:13-17. [PMID: 35590014 PMCID: PMC9829577 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-022-00295-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
TINF2 is a critical subunit of the shelterin complex, which protects and maintains the length of telomeres. Pathogenic missense and truncating TINF2 mutations are causative for dyskeratosis congenita (DC), a rare, dominantly inherited bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by mucocutaneous abnormalities and cancer predisposition. Recent reports indicate that specific TINF2 truncating mutations act as high penetrance cancer predisposition alleles outside DC context, including breast cancer in their tumor spectrum. Here, we have evaluated the role of germline mutations in TINF2 and other shelterin genes in inherited breast cancer susceptibility using exome sequencing data from 98 Northern Finnish breast cancer cases with indication of inherited disease predisposition as a discovery cohort. A single protein truncating variant, TINF2 p.Tyr312Ter, was identified in one of the cases (1/98), and four more carriers were observed in the subsequently genotyped unselected breast cancer cohort (4/1904). None of the carriers were reported to have DC. TINF2 p.Tyr312Ter resulted in stable short form of mRNA transcript, and normal telomere length has been indicated by a recent report. Although recurrent in cases (total of 5/2095), TINF2 p.Tyr312Ter is also present in Finnish population controls (8/12,517), and the observed 4-fold higher frequency in cases falls at most into the range of moderate breast cancer risk alleles (OR 3.74, 95% CI 1.22-11.45, p = 0.029). Current results indicate that not all TINF2 truncating variants are high cancer risk alleles and add further evidence that different TINF2 mutations can have very diverse effects on the disease phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Koivuluoma
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, NordLab Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Aapistie 5A, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sandra Vorimo
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, NordLab Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Aapistie 5A, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tiina M. Mattila
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, NordLab Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Aapistie 5A, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anna Tervasmäki
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, NordLab Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Aapistie 5A, Oulu, Finland
| | - Timo Kumpula
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, NordLab Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Aapistie 5A, Oulu, Finland
| | - Outi Kuismin
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Robert Winqvist
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, NordLab Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Aapistie 5A, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuomo Mantere
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, NordLab Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Aapistie 5A, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, NordLab Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220, Aapistie 5A, Oulu, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Viitaja T, Raitanen JE, Hynynen A, Moilanen J, Svedström K, Paananen RO, Ekholm FS. On the importance of chain branching in tear film lipid layer wax and cholesteryl esters. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 214:112429. [PMID: 35278859 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The tear film lipid layer (TFLL) is important to the maintenance of ocular surface health. Surprisingly, information on the individual roles of the myriad of unique lipids found therein is limited. The most abundant lipid species are the wax esters (WE) and cholesteryl esters (CE), and, especially their branched analogs. The isolation of these lipid species from the TFLL has proved to be tedious, and as a result, insights on their biophysical profiles and role in the TFLL is currently lacking. Herein, we circumvent these issues by a total synthesis of the most abundant iso-methyl branched WEs and CEs found in the TFLL. Through a detailed characterization of the biophysical properties, by the use of Langmuir monolayer and wide-angle X-ray scattering techniques, we demonstrate that chain branching alters the behavior of these lipid species on multiple levels. Taken together, our results fill an important knowledge gap concerning the structure and function of the TFLL on the whole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuomo Viitaja
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland; Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, Helsinki FI-00290, Finland
| | - Jan-Erik Raitanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Antti Hynynen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, Helsinki FI-00290, Finland
| | - Kirsi Svedström
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Riku O Paananen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland; Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, Helsinki FI-00290, Finland.
| | - Filip S Ekholm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rahikkala E, Urpa L, Ghimire B, Topa H, Kurki MI, Koskela M, Airavaara M, Hämäläinen E, Pylkäs K, Körkkö J, Savolainen H, Suoranta A, Bertoli-Avella A, Rolfs A, Mattila P, Daly M, Palotie A, Pietiläinen O, Moilanen J, Kuismin O. A novel variant in SMG9 causes intellectual disability, confirming a role for nonsense-mediated decay components in neurocognitive development. Eur J Hum Genet 2022; 30:619-627. [PMID: 35087184 PMCID: PMC9090808 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-022-01046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biallelic loss-of-function variants in the SMG9 gene, encoding a regulatory subunit of the mRNA nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) machinery, are reported to cause heart and brain malformation syndrome. Here we report five patients from three unrelated families with intellectual disability (ID) and a novel pathogenic SMG9 c.551 T > C p.(Val184Ala) homozygous missense variant, identified using exome sequencing. Sanger sequencing confirmed recessive segregation in each family. SMG9 c.551T > C p.(Val184Ala) is most likely an autozygous variant identical by descent. Characteristic clinical findings in patients were mild to moderate ID, intention tremor, pyramidal signs, dyspraxia, and ocular manifestations. We used RNA sequencing of patients and age- and sex-matched healthy controls to assess the effect of the variant. RNA sequencing revealed that the SMG9 c.551T > C variant did not affect the splicing or expression level of SMG9 gene products, and allele-specific expression analysis did not provide evidence that the nonsense mRNA-induced NMD was affected. Differential gene expression analysis identified prevalent upregulation of genes in patients, including the genes SMOX, OSBP2, GPX3, and ZNF155. These findings suggest that normal SMG9 function may be involved in transcriptional regulation without affecting nonsense mRNA-induced NMD. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the SMG9 c.551T > C missense variant causes a neurodevelopmental disorder and impacts gene expression. NMD components have roles beyond aberrant mRNA degradation that are crucial for neurocognitive development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Rahikkala
- Department of Clinical Genetics, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Lea Urpa
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bishwa Ghimire
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hande Topa
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mitja I Kurki
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Maryna Koskela
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Airavaara
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eija Hämäläinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, NordLab Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jarmo Körkkö
- Center for Intellectual Disability Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Helena Savolainen
- Center for Intellectual Disability Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anu Suoranta
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Arndt Rolfs
- Centogene GmbH, 18055, Rostock, Germany
- Medical Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Pirkko Mattila
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mark Daly
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olli Pietiläinen
- Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Outi Kuismin
- Department of Clinical Genetics, PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tuulonen A, Kataja M, Aaltonen V, Kinnunen K, Moilanen J, Saarela V, Linna M, Malmivaara A, Uusitalo‐Jarvinen H. A comprehensive model for measuring real-life cost-effectiveness in eyecare: automation in care and evaluation of system (aces-rwm™). Acta Ophthalmol 2022; 100:e833-e840. [PMID: 34263537 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a holistic, yet simple and comprehensible, ecosystem model to deal with multiple and complex challenges in eyecare. It aims at producing the best possible wellbeing and eyesight with the available resources. When targeting to improve the real-world cost-effectiveness, what gets done in everyday practice needs be measured routinely, efficiently and unselectively. Collection of all real-world data of all patients will enable evaluation and comparison of eyecare systems and departments between themselves nationally and internationally. The concept advocates a strategy to optimize real-life effectiveness, sustainability and outcomes of the service delivery in ophthalmology. The model consists of three components: (1) resource-governing principles (i.e., to deal with increasing demand and limited resources), (2) real-world monitoring (i.e., to collect structured real-world data utilizing automation and visualization of clinical parameters, health-related quality of life and costs), and (3) digital innovation strategy (i.e., to evaluate and benchmark real-world outcomes and cost-effectiveness). The core value and strength of the model lies in the consensus and collaboration of all Finnish university eye clinics to collect and evaluate the uniformly structured real-world outcomes data. In addition to ophthalmology, the approach is adaptable to any medical discipline to efficiently generate real-world insights and resilience in health systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Tuulonen
- Tays Eye Centre Tampere University Hospital Tampere Finland
| | - Marko Kataja
- Tays Eye Centre Tampere University Hospital Tampere Finland
| | - Vesa Aaltonen
- Department of Ophthalmology Turku University Hospital Turku Finland
| | - Kati Kinnunen
- Department of Ophthalmology Kuopio University Hospital Kuopio Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Department of Ophthalmology Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Ville Saarela
- Department of Ophthalmology and Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital Oulu Finland
- PEDEGO Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Miika Linna
- Institute of Healthcare Engineering, Management and Architecture (HEMA) Aalto University School of Science Helsinki Finland
- University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Viitaja T, Raitanen JE, Moilanen J, Paananen RO, Ekholm FS. Correction to The Properties and Role of O-Acyl-ω-hydroxy Fatty Acids and Type I-St and Type II Diesters in the Tear Film Lipid Layer Revealed by a Combined Chemistry and Biophysics Approach. J Org Chem 2021; 86:17533. [PMID: 34757747 PMCID: PMC8650085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
13
|
Viitaja T, Moilanen J, Svedström KJ, Ekholm FS, Paananen RO. Tear Film Lipid Layer Structure: Self-Assembly of O-Acyl-ω-hydroxy Fatty Acids and Wax Esters into Evaporation-Resistant Monolayers. Nano Lett 2021; 21:7676-7683. [PMID: 34468151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c02475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In healthy eyes, the tear film lipid layer (TFLL) is considered to act as an evaporation resistant barrier, which prevents eyes from drying. Seeking to understand the mechanisms behind the evaporation resistance of the TFLL, we studied mixtures of lipid layer wax esters and O-acyl-ω-hydroxy fatty acids. Analyzing their self-assembly and biophysical properties led to new discoveries concerning the structure and function of the TFLL. We discovered how these lipids self-assemble at the air-water interface and form an efficient antievaporative barrier, demonstrating for the first time how the interaction of different tear film lipid species can improve the evaporation resistance compared with individual lipid classes on their own. These results provide a potential mechanism for the evaporation resistance of the lipid layer. In addition, the results serve as a base for the future development of improved dry eye treatments and other applications where the evaporation of water represents a significant challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuomo Viitaja
- Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Filip S Ekholm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riku O Paananen
- Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Viitaja T, Raitanen JE, Moilanen J, Paananen RO, Ekholm FS. The Properties and Role of O-Acyl-ω-hydroxy Fatty Acids and Type I-St and Type II Diesters in the Tear Film Lipid Layer Revealed by a Combined Chemistry and Biophysics Approach. J Org Chem 2021; 86:4965-4976. [PMID: 33729799 PMCID: PMC8041317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The tear film lipid
layer (TFLL) that covers the ocular surface
contains several unique lipid classes, including O-acyl-ω-hydroxy fatty acids, type I-St diesters, and type II
diesters. While the TFLL represents a unique biological barrier that
plays a central role in stabilizing the entire tear film, little is
known about the properties and roles of individual lipid species.
This is because their isolation from tear samples in sufficient quantities
is a tedious task. To provide access to these species in their pure
form, and to shed light on their properties, we here report a general
strategy for the synthesis and structural characterization of these
lipid classes. In addition, we study the organization and behavior
of the lipids at the air–tear interface. Through these studies,
new insights on the relationship between structural features, such
as number of double bonds and the chain length, and film properties,
such as spreading and evaporation resistance, were uncovered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuomo Viitaja
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.,Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jan-Erik Raitanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riku O Paananen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.,Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Filip S Ekholm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ruutila M, Fagerholm P, Lagali N, Hjortdal J, Bram T, Moilanen J, Kivelä TT. Diagnostic Criteria for Terrien Marginal Degeneration: Nordic Terrien Degeneration Study. Cornea 2021; 40:133-141. [PMID: 33155577 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000002427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To refine the diagnostic criteria for Terrien marginal degeneration (TMD) based on experience in 3 Nordic countries. METHODS This is a retrospective, multicenter, hospital-based cross-sectional study of 49 eyes of 29 white patients in tertiary referral centers in Finland, Sweden, and Denmark from 1998 to January 2018. The median follow-up was 3 years. Symptoms, best corrected visual acuity, astigmatism, corneal thickness, curvature and cavities, stage, and progression were analyzed. RESULTS TMD was diagnosed equally likely between 15 and 86 years of age (median, 47 years). Twenty patients (69%) had bilateral disease, and 62% were men. Seventeen patients (59%) had symptoms including blurred vision and ocular surface disease symptoms without inflammatory signs. Eight patients (28%) had slightly reduced corneal sensitivity. Median best corrected visual acuity was 20/25 (range, 20/16-20/200) and astigmatism was 2.6 diopters (D) (range, 0-10) with a mean progression of 0.41 D per year (range, 0-5.4). Age and astigmatism were not correlated. All eyes had peripheral vascularization, lipid deposits, and hyperreflectivity throughout thinned peripheral stroma and its anterior edge. The thinning progressed in 15 patients (52%). Of 26 patients, 8 (31%) had single or confluent paralimbal intrastromal cavities, most commonly superiorly. By Süveges classification, the stage was 2 (92%) or 3 (8%). Minimum corneal thickness and corneal curvature were loosely associated, leading to different stages in Wang classification in 34 eyes (69%). CONCLUSIONS TMD is defined by peripheral corneal thinning, superficial neovascularization, lipid deposition at the leading edge, absence of ulceration and inflammation, and frequently cavitation. The most sensitive way to follow its progression is anterior segment optical coherence tomography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minna Ruutila
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Per Fagerholm
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden; and
| | - Neil Lagali
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden; and
| | - Jesper Hjortdal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thue Bram
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tero T Kivelä
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dyment DA, O'Donnell-Luria A, Agrawal PB, Coban Akdemir Z, Aleck KA, Antaki D, Al Sharhan H, Au PYB, Aydin H, Beggs AH, Bilguvar K, Boerwinkle E, Brand H, Brownstein CA, Buyske S, Chodirker B, Choi J, Chudley AE, Clericuzio CL, Cox GF, Curry C, de Boer E, de Vries BBA, Dunn K, Dutmer CM, England EM, Fahrner JA, Geckinli BB, Genetti CA, Gezdirici A, Gibson WT, Gleeson JG, Greenberg CR, Hall A, Hamosh A, Hartley T, Jhangiani SN, Karaca E, Kernohan K, Lauzon JL, Lewis MES, Lowry RB, López-Giráldez F, Matise TC, McEvoy-Venneri J, McInnes B, Mhanni A, Garcia Minaur S, Moilanen J, Nguyen A, Nowaczyk MJM, Posey JE, Õunap K, Pehlivan D, Pajusalu S, Penney LS, Poterba T, Prontera P, Doriqui MJR, Sawyer SL, Sobreira N, Stanley V, Torun D, Wargowski D, Witmer PD, Wong I, Xing J, Zaki MS, Zhang Y, Boycott KM, Bamshad MJ, Nickerson DA, Blue EE, Innes AM. Alternative genomic diagnoses for individuals with a clinical diagnosis of Dubowitz syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:119-133. [PMID: 33098347 PMCID: PMC8197629 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Dubowitz syndrome (DubS) is considered a recognizable syndrome characterized by a distinctive facial appearance and deficits in growth and development. There have been over 200 individuals reported with Dubowitz or a "Dubowitz-like" condition, although no single gene has been implicated as responsible for its cause. We have performed exome (ES) or genome sequencing (GS) for 31 individuals clinically diagnosed with DubS. After genome-wide sequencing, rare variant filtering and computational and Mendelian genomic analyses, a presumptive molecular diagnosis was made in 13/27 (48%) families. The molecular diagnoses included biallelic variants in SKIV2L, SLC35C1, BRCA1, NSUN2; de novo variants in ARID1B, ARID1A, CREBBP, POGZ, TAF1, HDAC8, and copy-number variation at1p36.11(ARID1A), 8q22.2(VPS13B), Xp22, and Xq13(HDAC8). Variants of unknown significance in known disease genes, and also in genes of uncertain significance, were observed in 7/27 (26%) additional families. Only one gene, HDAC8, could explain the phenotype in more than one family (N = 2). All but two of the genomic diagnoses were for genes discovered, or for conditions recognized, since the introduction of next-generation sequencing. Overall, the DubS-like clinical phenotype is associated with extensive locus heterogeneity and the molecular diagnoses made are for emerging clinical conditions sharing characteristic features that overlap the DubS phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Dyment
- Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne O'Donnell-Luria
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Broad Center for Mendelian Genomics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pankaj B Agrawal
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zeynep Coban Akdemir
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kyrieckos A Aleck
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Phoenix Children's Medical Group, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Danny Antaki
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Hind Al Sharhan
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ping-Yee B Au
- Department of Medical Genetics and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hatip Aydin
- Centre of Genetics Diagnosis, Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Children's Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alan H Beggs
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kaya Bilguvar
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Harrison Brand
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Broad Center for Mendelian Genomics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Catherine A Brownstein
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steve Buyske
- Department of Statistics and Biostatistics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Bernard Chodirker
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Jungmin Choi
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Albert E Chudley
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Carol L Clericuzio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Gerald F Cox
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cynthia Curry
- University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Genetic Medicine, University Pediatric Specialists, Fresno, California, USA
| | - Elke de Boer
- Department of Human Genetics, Raboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Bert B A de Vries
- Department of Human Genetics, Raboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Raboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Kathryn Dunn
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cullen M Dutmer
- Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Eleina M England
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Broad Center for Mendelian Genomics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jill A Fahrner
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bilgen B Geckinli
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Casie A Genetti
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alper Gezdirici
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - William T Gibson
- Department of Medical Genetics and British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Cheryl R Greenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - April Hall
- Waisman Center Clinical Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ada Hamosh
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Taila Hartley
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shalini N Jhangiani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ender Karaca
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kristin Kernohan
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julie L Lauzon
- Department of Medical Genetics and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - M E Suzanne Lewis
- Department of Medical Genetics and British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R Brian Lowry
- Department of Medical Genetics and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Francesc López-Giráldez
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tara C Matise
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jennifer McEvoy-Venneri
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Brenda McInnes
- Department of Medical Genetics and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Aziz Mhanni
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sixto Garcia Minaur
- Sección de Genética Clínica, INGEMM (Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - An Nguyen
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Malgorzata J M Nowaczyk
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer E Posey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Katrin Õunap
- United Laboratories, Department of Clinical Genetics, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Clinical Genetics, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Davut Pehlivan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Section of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sander Pajusalu
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- United Laboratories, Department of Clinical Genetics, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Clinical Genetics, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Lynette S Penney
- Department of Pediatrics, IWK Health Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Timothy Poterba
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Broad Center for Mendelian Genomics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paolo Prontera
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia and University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Sarah L Sawyer
- Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nara Sobreira
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Valentina Stanley
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Deniz Torun
- Department of Medical Genetics, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - David Wargowski
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - P Dane Witmer
- McKusick-Nathans Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Isaac Wong
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Broad Center for Mendelian Genomics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jinchuan Xing
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Maha S Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yeting Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Kym M Boycott
- Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Brotman-Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Brotman-Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Blue
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - A Micheil Innes
- Department of Medical Genetics and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Koivuluoma S, Tervasmäki A, Kauppila S, Winqvist R, Kumpula T, Kuismin O, Moilanen J, Pylkäs K. Exome sequencing identifies a recurrent variant in SERPINA3 associating with hereditary susceptibility to breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2020; 143:46-51. [PMID: 33279852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is strongly influenced by hereditary risk factors. Yet, the known susceptibility genes and genomic loci explain only about half of the familial component of the disease. To identify novel breast cancer predisposing gene defects, here we have performed massive parallel sequencing for Northern Finnish breast cancer cases. METHODS Ninety-eight breast cancer cases with indication of hereditary disease susceptibility were exome sequenced. Data filtering strategy focused on predictably deleterious rare variants that were still enriched in the sequenced cohort. Findings were confirmed with additional, geographically matched breast cancer cohorts. RESULTS A recurrent heterozygous splice acceptor variant, c.918-1G>C, in SERPINA3, was identified, and it was significantly enriched both in the hereditary (6/201, 3.0%, p = 0.006, OR 5.1, 95% CI 1.7-14.8) and unselected breast cancer cohort (26/1569, 1.7%, p = 0.009, OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3-6.2). SERPINA3 c.918-1G>C carriers were also significantly more likely to have a rare tumor subtype, medullary breast cancer, than the non-carriers (4/26, 15.4%, p = 0.000014, OR 42.9, 95% CI 11.7-157.1). CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that c.918-1G>C germline variant in SERPINA3 gene, encoding a member of the serine protease inhibitor class, is a novel breast cancer predisposing allele.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Koivuluoma
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, NordLab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anna Tervasmäki
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, NordLab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Saila Kauppila
- Department of Pathology, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, NordLab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Timo Kumpula
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, NordLab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Outi Kuismin
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, NordLab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nurmi SM, Halkoaho A, Moilanen J, Remes AM, Solje E. The ethical implications of genetic testing in neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review. Scand J Caring Sci 2020; 35:1057-1074. [PMID: 33210792 DOI: 10.1111/scs.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Availability of genetic testing in neurodegenerative disorders has developed rapidly. This growing ability is providing specific genetic information to individuals and, in turn, their families, raising ethical concerns. However, family members' perspective is a seldom-studied phenomenon. AIM The aim of this systematic review was to describe the ethical aspect of genetic testing in neurodegenerative diseases from the perspective of at-risk family members. METHOD A systematic review of data was performed in accordance with the PRISMA statement. The data search was conducted using the CINAHL, PubMed and Scopus databases to identify original peer-reviewed studies published between January 2009 and April 2019. A total of 24 articles were selected. The data were analysed using inductive content analysis. FINDINGS On the basis of the analysis, four central ethical implications were identified: (i) decision-making in genetic testing as a dilemma: balance between autonomy and responsibility, (ii) the individual's right to make a voluntary and informed decision for genetic testing, (iii) conflicting emotions after knowing one's genetic status and (iv) privacy and confidentiality of genetic information: the fear of genetic discrimination and stigma. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this review increase understanding about the central ethical implications of genetic testing in neurodegenerative diseases from the perspective of family members, and identify and underline outstanding needs for further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arja Halkoaho
- Tampere University of Applied Sciences, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anne M Remes
- Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, Neurology, University of Oulu and Medical Research Center (MRC) Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eino Solje
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neuro Center, Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hakonen AH, Lehtonen J, Kivirikko S, Keski-Filppula R, Moilanen J, Kivisaari R, Almusa H, Jakkula E, Saarela J, Avela K, Aittomäki K. Recessive MYH3 variants cause "Contractures, pterygia, and variable skeletal fusions syndrome 1B" mimicking Escobar variant multiple pterygium syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:2605-2610. [PMID: 32902138 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The multiple pterygium syndromes (MPS) are rare disorders with disease severity ranging from lethal to milder forms. The nonlethal Escobar variant MPS (EVMPS) is characterized by multiple pterygia and arthrogryposis, as well as various additional features including congenital anomalies. The genetic etiology of EVMPS is heterogeneous and the diagnosis has been based either on the detection of pathogenic CHRNG variants (~23% of patients), or suggestive clinical features. We describe four patients with a clinical suspicion of EVMPS who manifested with multiple pterygia, mild flexion contractures of several joints, and vertebral anomalies. We revealed recessively inherited MYH3 variants as the underlying cause in all patients: two novel variants, c.1053C>G, p.(Tyr351Ter) and c.3102+5G>C, as compound heterozygous with the hypomorphic MYH3 variant c.-9+1G>A. Recessive MYH3 variants have been previously associated with spondylocarpotarsal synostosis syndrome. Our findings now highlight multiple pterygia as an important feature in patients with recessive MYH3 variants. Based on all patients with recessive MYH3 variants reported up to date, we consider that this disease entity should be designated as "Contractures, pterygia, and variable skeletal fusions syndrome 1B," as recently suggested by OMIM. Our findings underline the importance of analyzing MYH3 in the differential diagnosis of EVMPS, particularly as the hypomorphic MYH3 variant might remain undetected by routine exome sequencing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna H Hakonen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Lehtonen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sirpa Kivirikko
- Department of Clinical Genetics, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Keski-Filppula
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Reetta Kivisaari
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henrikki Almusa
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eveliina Jakkula
- Department of Clinical Genetics, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janna Saarela
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Avela
- Department of Clinical Genetics, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, HUSLAB, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Paananen RO, Viitaja T, Olżyńska A, Ekholm FS, Moilanen J, Cwiklik L. Interactions of polar lipids with cholesteryl ester multilayers elucidate tear film lipid layer structure. Ocul Surf 2020; 18:545-553. [PMID: 32562857 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The tear film lipid layer (TFLL) covers the tear film, stabilizing it and providing a protective barrier against the environment. The TFLL is divided into polar and non-polar sublayers, but the interplay between lipid classes in these sublayers and the structure-function relationship of the TFLL remains poorly characterized. This study aims to provide insight into TFLL function by elucidating the interactions between polar and non-polar TFLL lipids at the molecular level. METHODS Mixed films of polar O-acyl-ω-hydroxy fatty acids (OAHFA) or phospholipids and non-polar cholesteryl esters (CE) were used as a model of the TFLL. The organization of the films was studied by using a combination of Brewster angle and fluorescence microscopy in a Langmuir trough system. In addition, the evaporation resistance of the lipid films was evaluated. RESULTS Phospholipids and OAHFAs induced the formation of a stable multilamellar CE film. The formation of this film was driven by the interdigitation of acyl chains between the monolayer of polar lipids and the CE multilayer lamellae. Surprisingly, the multilayer structure was destabilized by both low and high concentrations of polar lipids. In addition, the CE multilayer was no more effective in resisting the evaporation of water than a polar lipid monolayer. CONCLUSIONS Formation of multilamellar films by major tear film lipids suggest that the TFLL may have a similar structure. Moreover, in contrast to the current understanding, polar TFLL lipids may not mainly act by stabilizing the non-polar TFLL sublayer, but through a direct evaporation resistant effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riku O Paananen
- Helsinki Eye Lab, Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Tuomo Viitaja
- Helsinki Eye Lab, Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Agnieszka Olżyńska
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 182 23, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filip S Ekholm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Helsinki Eye Lab, Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, FI-00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lukasz Cwiklik
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 182 23, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Moilanen J, Huhtaniska S, Haapea M, Jääskeläinen E, Veijola J, Isohanni M, Koponen H, Miettunen J. Brain morphometry of individuals with schizophrenia with and without antipsychotic medication – The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 30:598-605. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundIn schizophrenia, brain morphometric changes may be associated with antipsychotic medication. Only limited data is available concerning individuals with schizophrenia without antipsychotic medication. We aimed to study the associations of: use versus no use of antipsychotic medication; length of continuous time without antipsychotic medication; cumulative dose of lifetime antipsychotic medication; and type of antipsychotic medication; with brain morphometry in schizophrenia after an average of 10 years of illness.MethodsData of 63 individuals with schizophrenia (mean duration of illness 10.4 years) from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 were gathered by interview and from hospital and outpatient records. Structural MRI data at age 34 years were acquired and grey matter volume maps with voxel-based morphometry were analyzed using FSL tools.ResultsOf the individuals studied, 15 (24%) had taken no antipsychotic medication during the previous year. Individuals with antipsychotic medication had lower total grey matter (TGM) volume compared with non-medicated subjects, although this association was not statistically significant (Cohen's d = –0.51, P = 0.078). Time without antipsychotic medication associated with increased TGM (P = 0.028). Longer time without antipsychotic medication associated with increased regional volume in right precentral gyrus and right middle frontal gyrus. There were no associations between cumulative dose of lifetime antipsychotic medication or type of antipsychotic medication and brain morphometry.ConclusionsUnlike some previous investigators, we found no association between cumulative dose of lifetime antipsychotic medication and brain morphological changes in this population-based sample. However, longer continuous time without antipsychotic medication preceding the MRI scan associated with increased gray matter volume.
Collapse
|
22
|
Yang X, Leslie G, Doroszuk A, Schneider S, Allen J, Decker B, Dunning AM, Redman J, Scarth J, Plaskocinska I, Luccarini C, Shah M, Pooley K, Dorling L, Lee A, Adank MA, Adlard J, Aittomäki K, Andrulis IL, Ang P, Barwell J, Bernstein JL, Bobolis K, Borg Å, Blomqvist C, Claes KB, Concannon P, Cuggia A, Culver JO, Damiola F, de Pauw A, Diez O, Dolinsky JS, Domchek SM, Engel C, Evans DG, Fostira F, Garber J, Golmard L, Goode EL, Gruber SB, Hahnen E, Hake C, Heikkinen T, Hurley JE, Janavicius R, Kleibl Z, Kleiblova P, Konstantopoulou I, Kvist A, Laduca H, Lee AS, Lesueur F, Maher ER, Mannermaa A, Manoukian S, McFarland R, McKinnon W, Meindl A, Metcalfe K, Mohd Taib NA, Moilanen J, Nathanson KL, Neuhausen S, Ng PS, Nguyen-Dumont T, Nielsen SM, Obermair F, Offit K, Olopade OI, Ottini L, Penkert J, Pylkäs K, Radice P, Ramus SJ, Rudaitis V, Side L, Silva-Smith R, Silvestri V, Skytte AB, Slavin T, Soukupova J, Tondini C, Trainer AH, Unzeitig G, Usha L, van Overeem Hansen T, Whitworth J, Wood M, Yip CH, Yoon SY, Yussuf A, Zogopoulos G, Goldgar D, Hopper JL, Chenevix-Trench G, Pharoah P, George SH, Balmaña J, Houdayer C, James P, El-Haffaf Z, Ehrencrona H, Janatova M, Peterlongo P, Nevanlinna H, Schmutzler R, Teo SH, Robson M, Pal T, Couch F, Weitzel JN, Elliott A, Southey M, Winqvist R, Easton DF, Foulkes WD, Antoniou AC, Tischkowitz M. Cancer Risks Associated With Germline PALB2 Pathogenic Variants: An International Study of 524 Families. J Clin Oncol 2020; 38:674-685. [PMID: 31841383 PMCID: PMC7049229 DOI: 10.1200/jco.19.01907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate age-specific relative and absolute cancer risks of breast cancer and to estimate risks of ovarian, pancreatic, male breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers associated with germline PALB2 pathogenic variants (PVs) because these risks have not been extensively characterized. METHODS We analyzed data from 524 families with PALB2 PVs from 21 countries. Complex segregation analysis was used to estimate relative risks (RRs; relative to country-specific population incidences) and absolute risks of cancers. The models allowed for residual familial aggregation of breast and ovarian cancer and were adjusted for the family-specific ascertainment schemes. RESULTS We found associations between PALB2 PVs and risk of female breast cancer (RR, 7.18; 95% CI, 5.82 to 8.85; P = 6.5 × 10-76), ovarian cancer (RR, 2.91; 95% CI, 1.40 to 6.04; P = 4.1 × 10-3), pancreatic cancer (RR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.24 to 4.50; P = 8.7 × 10-3), and male breast cancer (RR, 7.34; 95% CI, 1.28 to 42.18; P = 2.6 × 10-2). There was no evidence for increased risks of prostate or colorectal cancer. The breast cancer RRs declined with age (P for trend = 2.0 × 10-3). After adjusting for family ascertainment, breast cancer risk estimates on the basis of multiple case families were similar to the estimates from families ascertained through population-based studies (P for difference = .41). On the basis of the combined data, the estimated risks to age 80 years were 53% (95% CI, 44% to 63%) for female breast cancer, 5% (95% CI, 2% to 10%) for ovarian cancer, 2%-3% (95% CI females, 1% to 4%; 95% CI males, 2% to 5%) for pancreatic cancer, and 1% (95% CI, 0.2% to 5%) for male breast cancer. CONCLUSION These results confirm PALB2 as a major breast cancer susceptibility gene and establish substantial associations between germline PALB2 PVs and ovarian, pancreatic, and male breast cancers. These findings will facilitate incorporation of PALB2 into risk prediction models and optimize the clinical cancer risk management of PALB2 PV carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Goska Leslie
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alicja Doroszuk
- Department of Medical Genetics, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra Schneider
- Department of Medical Genetics, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie Allen
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Brennan Decker
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cancer Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Alison M. Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology,University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - James Redman
- Department of Medical Genetics, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - James Scarth
- Department of Medical Genetics, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Inga Plaskocinska
- Department of Medical Genetics, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Luccarini
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology,University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mitul Shah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology,University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Pooley
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Leila Dorling
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Lee
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Muriel A. Adank
- Family Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute–Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Julian Adlard
- Yorkshire Regional Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Kristiina Aittomäki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Irene L. Andrulis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Ang
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Julian Barwell
- Leicestershire Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jonine L. Bernstein
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Kristie Bobolis
- Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Åke Borg
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Patrick Concannon
- University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Adeline Cuggia
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- The Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julie O. Culver
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | - Orland Diez
- Oncogenetics Group, Clinical and Molecular Genetics Area, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), University Hospital, Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Susan M. Domchek
- Department ofMedicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Prospective Registry of Multiplex Testing (PROMPT), United States and Europe
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - D. Gareth Evans
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, University of Manchester; Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St Mary’s Hospital–Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Florentia Fostira
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos,” Athens, Greece
| | - Judy Garber
- Prospective Registry of Multiplex Testing (PROMPT), United States and Europe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Lisa Golmard
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Ellen L. Goode
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Eric Hahnen
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christopher Hake
- Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Tuomas Heikkinen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Judith E. Hurley
- Division of Medical Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Ramunas Janavicius
- Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania
- State Research Institute Innovative Medicine Center, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Zdenek Kleibl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Kleiblova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Irene Konstantopoulou
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, INRASTES, National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos,” Athens, Greece
| | - Anders Kvist
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Ann S.G. Lee
- Leicestershire Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Oncology Academic Clinical Programme (ONCO ACP), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Fabienne Lesueur
- INSERM U900, Institut Curie, PSL University, Mines ParisTech, Paris, France
| | - Eamonn R. Maher
- Department of Medical Genetics, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Arto Mannermaa
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Siranoush Manoukian
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Rachel McFarland
- Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Wendy McKinnon
- Familial Cancer Program, The University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kelly Metcalfe
- Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nur Aishah Mohd Taib
- University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katherine L. Nathanson
- Department ofMedicine, Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Susan Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Pei Sze Ng
- University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tu Nguyen-Dumont
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah M. Nielsen
- Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Florian Obermair
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Kepler University Hospital Linz and Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Tumor Cytogenetics, Ordensklinikum Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Kenneth Offit
- Prospective Registry of Multiplex Testing (PROMPT), United States and Europe
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - Laura Ottini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Judith Penkert
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, and Northern Finland Laboratory Centre, Oulu, Finland
| | - Paolo Radice
- Unit of Molecular Basis of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Susan J. Ramus
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vilius Rudaitis
- Hematology, Oncology and Transfusion Medicine Center, Department of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Lucy Side
- Wessex Clinical Genetics Service, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Silva-Smith
- Department of Genetics, University of MiamiMiller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | | | - Anne-Bine Skytte
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Slavin
- Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Clinical Cancer Genomics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Jana Soukupova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Carlo Tondini
- Unit of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology,Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Alison H. Trainer
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gary Unzeitig
- Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Lydia Usha
- Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Thomas van Overeem Hansen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - James Whitworth
- Department of Medical Genetics, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Wood
- Familial Cancer Program, The University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT
| | - Cheng Har Yip
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sook-Yee Yoon
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - George Zogopoulos
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- The Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Goldgar
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - John L. Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Georgia Chenevix-Trench
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul Pharoah
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sophia H.L. George
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Judith Balmaña
- Oncogenetics Group, Clinical and Molecular Genetics Area, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), University Hospital, Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Prospective Registry of Multiplex Testing (PROMPT), United States and Europe
| | - Claude Houdayer
- Service de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Genetics Department, F76000 and Normandy University, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Paul James
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zaki El-Haffaf
- Department of Genetics, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hans Ehrencrona
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Office for Medical Services, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marketa Janatova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Paolo Peterlongo
- Genome Diagnostics Program, IFOM–The FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Heli Nevanlinna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rita Schmutzler
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mark Robson
- Prospective Registry of Multiplex Testing (PROMPT), United States and Europe
- Breast Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Tuya Pal
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Fergus Couch
- Prospective Registry of Multiplex Testing (PROMPT), United States and Europe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jeffrey N. Weitzel
- Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Clinical Cancer Genomics, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | | | - Melissa Southey
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, and Northern Finland Laboratory Centre, Oulu, Finland
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - William D. Foulkes
- The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Departments of Human Genetics, Oncology, and Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Antonis C. Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marc Tischkowitz
- Department of Medical Genetics, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mannerström B, Paananen RO, Abu-Shahba AG, Moilanen J, Seppänen-Kaijansinkko R, Kaur S. Publisher Correction: Extracellular small non-coding RNA contaminants in fetal bovine serum and serum-free media. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1369. [PMID: 31974424 PMCID: PMC6978366 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57848-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Mannerström
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riku O Paananen
- Helsinki Eye Lab, Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ahmed G Abu-Shahba
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Helsinki Eye Lab, Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Seppänen-Kaijansinkko
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sippy Kaur
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Koivuluoma S, Winqvist R, Keski-Filppula R, Kuismin O, Moilanen J, Pylkäs K. Evaluating the role of MLH3 p.Ser1188Ter variant in inherited breast cancer predisposition. Genet Med 2019; 22:663-664. [PMID: 31686011 PMCID: PMC7056660 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0694-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Koivuluoma
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Nordlab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Robert Winqvist
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Nordlab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riikka Keski-Filppula
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Outi Kuismin
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Center Oulu and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Katri Pylkäs
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, Northern Finland Laboratory Centre Nordlab Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Järviaho T, Bang B, Zachariadis V, Taylan F, Moilanen J, Möttönen M, Smith CIE, Harila-Saari A, Niinimäki R, Nordgren A. Predisposition to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia caused by a constitutional translocation disrupting ETV6. Blood Adv 2019; 3:2722-2731. [PMID: 31519648 PMCID: PMC6759729 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018028795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic germline variants in ETV6 have been associated with familial predisposition to thrombocytopenia and hematological malignancies, predominantly childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). In addition, overrepresentation of a high hyperdiploid subtype and older age at diagnosis have been reported among sporadic BCP-ALL cases with germline variants in ETV6 We studied a family with 2 second-degree relatives who developed childhood high hyperdiploid BCP-ALL at ages 8 and 12 years, respectively. A constitutional balanced reciprocal translocation t(12;14)(p13.2;q23.1) was discovered in both patients by routine karyotyping at diagnosis and, subsequently, in 7 healthy family members who had not experienced hematological malignancies. No carriers had thrombocytopenia. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed the translocation, resulting in 2 actively transcribed but nonfunctional fusion genes, causing heterozygous loss and consequently monoallelic expression of ETV6 Whole-genome sequencing analysis of the affected female subjects' leukemia excluded additional somatic aberrations in ETV6 and RTN1 as well as shared somatic variants in other genes. Expression studies, performed to confirm decreased expression of ETV6, were not conclusive. We suggest that germline aberrations resulting in monoallelic expression of ETV6 contribute to leukemia susceptibility, whereas more severe functional deficiency of ETV6 is required for developing THC5. To our knowledge, this report is the first of a constitutional translocation disrupting ETV6 causing predisposition to childhood ALL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tekla Järviaho
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Benedicte Bang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vasilios Zachariadis
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fulya Taylan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics and
| | - Merja Möttönen
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - C I Edvard Smith
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; and
| | - Arja Harila-Saari
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Riitta Niinimäki
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Loukovaara S, Lehtinen V, Nieminen R, Moilanen J. Topical levofloxacin, nepafenac and prednisolone acetate medication after cataract surgery in the biggest tertiary eye hospital in Finland during 2015-2018. Acta Ophthalmol 2019; 97:e943-e945. [PMID: 30916844 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sirpa Loukovaara
- Unit of Vitreoretinal Surgery Department of Ophthalmology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
- Unit of Cataract Surgery Department of Ophthalmology Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | | | - Risto Nieminen
- Unit of Cataract Surgery Department of Ophthalmology Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Unit of Administration Department of Ophthalmology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rahikkala E, Myllykoski M, Hinttala R, Vieira P, Nayebzadeh N, Weiss S, Plomp AS, Bittner RE, Kurki MI, Kuismin O, Lewis AM, Väisänen ML, Kokkonen H, Westermann J, Bernert G, Tuominen H, Palotie A, Aaltonen L, Yang Y, Potocki L, Moilanen J, van Koningsbruggen S, Wang X, Schmidt WM, Koivunen P, Uusimaa J. Biallelic loss-of-function P4HTM gene variants cause hypotonia, hypoventilation, intellectual disability, dysautonomia, epilepsy, and eye abnormalities (HIDEA syndrome). Genet Med 2019; 21:2355-2363. [PMID: 30940925 PMCID: PMC6774999 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0503-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A new syndrome with hypotonia, intellectual disability, and eye abnormalities (HIDEA) was previously described in a large consanguineous family. Linkage analysis identified the recessive disease locus, and genome sequencing yielded three candidate genes with potentially pathogenic biallelic variants: transketolase (TKT), transmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4HTM), and ubiquitin specific peptidase 4 (USP4). However, the causative gene remained elusive. METHODS International collaboration and exome sequencing were used to identify new patients with HIDEA and biallelic, potentially pathogenic, P4HTM variants. Segregation analysis was performed using Sanger sequencing. P4H-TM wild-type and variant constructs without the transmembrane region were overexpressed in insect cells and analyzed using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blot. RESULTS Five different homozygous or compound heterozygous pathogenic P4HTM gene variants were identified in six new and six previously published patients presenting with HIDEA. Hypoventilation, obstructive and central sleep apnea, and dysautonomia were identified as novel features associated with the phenotype. Characterization of three of the P4H-TM variants demonstrated yielding insoluble protein products and, thus, loss-of-function. CONCLUSIONS Biallelic loss-of-function P4HTM variants were shown to cause HIDEA syndrome. Our findings enable diagnosis of the condition, and highlight the importance of assessing the need for noninvasive ventilatory support in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Rahikkala
- PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. .,Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Matti Myllykoski
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Reetta Hinttala
- PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Päivi Vieira
- PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Children and Adolescents, Division of Paediatric Neurology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Naemeh Nayebzadeh
- PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Simone Weiss
- Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital with G.v. Preyer Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid S Plomp
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reginald E Bittner
- Neuromuscular Research Department, Medical University of Vienna, Centre for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mitja I Kurki
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Outi Kuismin
- PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andrea M Lewis
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.,Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marja-Leena Väisänen
- Northern Finland Laboratory Centre NordLab and Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hannaleena Kokkonen
- Northern Finland Laboratory Centre NordLab and Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jonne Westermann
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Günther Bernert
- Kaiser Franz Josef Hospital with G.v. Preyer Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannu Tuominen
- Department of Pathology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aarno Palotie
- Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauri Aaltonen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, University of Helsinki and Haartman Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yaping Yang
- Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX, 77021, USA
| | - Lorraine Potocki
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.,Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Xia Wang
- Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics, Houston, TX, 77021, USA
| | - Wolfgang M Schmidt
- Neuromuscular Research Department, Medical University of Vienna, Centre for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peppi Koivunen
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Uusimaa
- PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Centre Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Children and Adolescents, Division of Paediatric Neurology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mannerström B, Paananen RO, Abu-Shahba AG, Moilanen J, Seppänen-Kaijansinkko R, Kaur S. Extracellular small non-coding RNA contaminants in fetal bovine serum and serum-free media. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5538. [PMID: 30940830 PMCID: PMC6445286 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41772-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the research field of extracellular vesicles (EVs), the use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) depleted of EVs for in vitro studies is advocated to eliminate the confounding effects of media derived EVs. EV-depleted FBS may either be prepared by ultracentrifugation or purchased commercially. Nevertheless, these preparations do not guarantee an RNA-free FBS for in vitro use. In this study we address the RNA contamination issue, of small non-coding (nc)RNA in vesicular or non-vesicular fractions of FBS, ultracentrifugation EV-depleted FBS, commercial EV-depleted FBS, and in our recently developed filtration based EV-depleted FBS. Commercially available serum- and xeno-free defined media were also screened for small ncRNA contamination. Our small ncRNA sequencing data showed that all EV-depleted media and commercially available defined media contained small ncRNA contaminants. Out of the different FBS preparations studied, our ultrafiltration-based method for EV depletion performed the best in depleting miRNAs. Certain miRNAs such miR-122 and miR-203a proved difficult to remove completely and were found in all media. Compared to miRNAs, other small ncRNA (snRNA, Y RNA, snoRNA, and piRNA) were difficult to eliminate from all the studied media. Additionally, our tested defined media contained miRNAs and other small ncRNAs, albeit at a much lower level than in serum preparations. Our study showed that no media is free of small ncRNA contaminants. Therefore, in order to screen for baseline RNA contamination in culturing media, RNA sequencing data should be carefully controlled by adding a media sample as a control. This should be a mandatory step before performing cell culture experiments in order to eliminate the confounding effects of media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Mannerström
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riku O Paananen
- Helsinki Eye Lab, Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ahmed G Abu-Shahba
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Helsinki Eye Lab, Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Seppänen-Kaijansinkko
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sippy Kaur
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Järviaho T, Halt K, Hirvikoski P, Moilanen J, Möttönen M, Niinimäki R. Bone marrow failure syndrome caused by homozygous frameshift mutation in the ERCC6L2 gene. Clin Genet 2017; 93:392-395. [PMID: 28815563 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS) are group of disorders that lead to inadequate production of blood cells. Mutations in genes involved in telomere maintenance, DNA repair, and the cell cycle cause IBMFS. ERCC6L2 gene mutations have been associated with bone marrow failure that includes developmental delay and microcephaly. We report 2 cases of bone marrow failure with no extra-hematopoietic manifestations in patients from unrelated families with a homozygous truncating mutation in ERCC6L2. Bone marrow failure without developmental delay or microcephaly with ERCC6L2 mutation has not been previously described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Järviaho
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - K Halt
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - P Hirvikoski
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - J Moilanen
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - M Möttönen
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - R Niinimäki
- PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Molins C, Roldán A, Corripio I, Isohanni M, Miettunen J, Seppälä J, Seppälä A, Koponen H, Moilanen J, Jääskeläinen E. Response to antipsychotic drugs in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: Conclusions based on systematic review. Schizophr Res 2016; 178:64-67. [PMID: 27650195 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Molins
- Department of Psychiatry, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica-Sant Pau (IIB-SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - A Roldán
- Department of Psychiatry, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica-Sant Pau (IIB-SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Corripio
- Department of Psychiatry, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica-Sant Pau (IIB-SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Isohanni
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - J Miettunen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Research Unit for Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - J Seppälä
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, South-Savo Hospital District, Mikkeli, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Carea - Kymenlaakso Social and Health Services, Finland
| | - A Seppälä
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - H Koponen
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Psychiatry, Finland
| | - J Moilanen
- Department of Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Research Unit for Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - E Jääskeläinen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Palmio J, Kärppä M, Baumann P, Penttilä S, Moilanen J, Udd B. Novel compound heterozygous mutation in SACS gene leads to a milder autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay, ARSACS, in a Finnish family. Clin Case Rep 2016; 4:1151-1156. [PMID: 27980752 PMCID: PMC5134137 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay is a rare disorder outside Quebec causing childhood-onset cerebellar ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, and pyramidal tract signs. A Finnish family with milder form of ARSACS was found to harbor three mutations, p.E1100K, p.N1489S, and p.M1359T, in SACS gene. The mutations segregated with the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Palmio
- Department of Neurology Neuromuscular Research Center Tampere University and University Hospital Tampere Finland
| | - Mikko Kärppä
- Department of Neurology Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Peter Baumann
- Department of Neurology Lapland Central Hospital Rovaniemi Finland
| | - Sini Penttilä
- Department of Neurology Neuromuscular Research Center Tampere University and University Hospital Tampere Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Medical Research Center Oulu Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Department of Neurology Neuromuscular Research Center Tampere University and University Hospital Tampere Finland; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and the Department of Medical Genetics Haartman Institute University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland; Department of Neurology Vaasa Central Hospital Vaasa Finland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Huhtaniska S, Korkala I, Heikka T, Tohka J, Manjon J, Coupe P, Remes J, Moilanen J, Kiviniemi V, Björnholm L, Isohanni M, Veijola J, Murray G, Jääskeläinen E, Miettunen J. Lifetime antipsychotic use and brain structures in schizophrenia and other psychoses – 43-year study of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. Eur Psychiatry 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe effects of long-term antipsychotic medication use on structural brain changes in psychoses are still unknown. Severity and duration of illness are key confounders when evaluating antipsychotic effects on brain morphology.ObjectivesUnderstanding the role of antipsychotic medication on brain morphology in psychoses.AimsTo analyze whether cumulative lifetime or current antipsychotic medication dose relates to brain morphology in schizophrenia and other psychoses at age of 43 years.MethodsForty-four schizophrenia cases and 35 with other psychoses from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 were scanned on a 1.5T GE Signa scanner and brain structures were extracted using volBrain automated volumetry system (http://volbrain.upv.es). Data of antipsychotic medication were collected from medical records and interviews. We used linear regression model to analyze the effect of antipsychotic medication on brain volumes and used intracranial volume and onset age as covariates. We also performed additional analyses adding psychotic symptoms (PANSS Total score) as a covariate.ResultsHigher lifetime and current dose associated to left lateral ventricle increase (b = 0.33, P = 0.033; b = 0.307, P = 0.042, respectively) and right and left accumbens decrease (b = −0.405, P = 0.013, b = −0.404, P = 0.010; b = −0.302, P = 0.027, b = −0.282, P = 0.036, respectively) in schizophrenia but not in other psychoses. When PANSS was added to the model, the findings remained regarding right and left accumbens, but not regarding left lateral ventricle.ConclusionsIt seems that antipsychotic medication affects the brain in schizophrenia, but not in the heterogeneous group of other psychoses. In schizophrenia, brain changes associated to antipsychotic medication cannot be explained by illness duration or symptom severity.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Collapse
|
33
|
Seppälä A, Miettunen J, Hirvonen N, Isohanni M, Moilanen J, Koponen H, Seppälä J, Jääskeläinen E. What do we know about treatment-resistant schizophrenia? – A systematic review. Eur Psychiatry 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.2175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionTreatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is a severe form of schizophrenia. From one fifth to one third of all patients with schizophrenia are resistant to treatment.ObjectiveTo determine the knowledge on TRS and to find out the extent and the quality of research on TRS.AimsTo conduct a systematic review of the current literature on TRS.MethodsOriginal studies and reviews on TRS were systematically collected from PubMed and Scopus databases. The following search strategy was used as a title search; (“ultra-resistant” OR “treatment-refractory” OR “treatment-resistant”) AND (schizophrenia). The search was restricted to English language articles.ResultsThe literature search identified 403 studies. After abstract and title review, 324 studies were included. The included studies considered medication (n 213), electroconvulsive therapy and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (15), prognosis (15), genetics (15), studies on neurobiology (15), definitions (14), psychotherapy (12), brain structures and functioning (10), cognition (7) and other miscellaneous studies (6) on TRS. Definitions of TRS varied notably and in most of the non-pharmacological studies, the samples were fairly small. Regarding treatments, clozapine, ECT, and cognitive-behavioral therapy have shown effectiveness, though the quality of research on interventions is limited. Very little is known about risk factors and predictors of outcome in TRS.ConclusionsOur findings suggest TRS is poorly studied and understood condition contrasted to its high prevalence, clinical importance and poor prognosis. There is a lack of studies on epidemiology, for example risk factors of TRS, as well as on outcomes and longitudinal course. Most of the studies considered medication.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Collapse
|
34
|
Widgren P, Hurme A, Falck A, Keski-Filppula R, Remes AM, Moilanen J, Majamaa K, Kervinen M, Uusimaa J. Genetic aetiology of ophthalmological manifestations in children - a focus on mitochondrial disease-related symptoms. Acta Ophthalmol 2016; 94:83-91. [PMID: 26448634 DOI: 10.1111/aos.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association of mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear candidate genes with mitochondrial disease-related ophthalmic manifestations (nystagmus, ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, optic neuropathy and retinopathy) in children. METHODS A retrospective cohort of children (n = 98) was identified from the medical record files of a tertiary care hospital. The entire mtDNA and nuclear genes POLG1, OPA1 and PEO1 were analysed from the available DNA samples (n = 38). Furthermore, some nuclear candidate genes were investigated based on family history and phenotype. Rare mtDNA mutations were evaluated using in silico predictors and sequence alignment. RESULTS Three patients had previously identified mutations in mtDNA that are associated with optic neuropathy (in MT-ND6 and MT-ND1) and nystagmus (in tRNA Arg). Nine rare mutations in MT-ATP6 were identified in seven patients, of whom four manifested with retinopathy and three had clusters of MT-ATP6 mutations. Nuclear PEO1 and OPA1 were unchanged in all samples, but a patient with nystagmus had a heterozygous POLG1 mutation. The analysis of nuclear candidate genes revealed mutations in NDUF8 (patient with nystagmus), TULP1 (patient with optic neuropathy, nystagmus and retinopathy) and RP2 (patient with retinopathy) genes. CONCLUSIONS Children with retinopathy, nystagmus or optic neuropathy, especially together with developmental delay or positive family history, should be considered for mitochondrial disease. MT-ATP6 should be taken into account for children with retinopathy of unknown aetiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Widgren
- PEDEGO Research Unit; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Department of Children and Adolescents; Division of Pediatric Neurology; Oulu University Hospital; Oulu Finland
- Department of Ophthalmology; Oulu University Hospital; Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
| | - Anri Hurme
- PEDEGO Research Unit; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Department of Children and Adolescents; Division of Pediatric Neurology; Oulu University Hospital; Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
| | - Aura Falck
- Department of Ophthalmology; Oulu University Hospital; Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
| | - Riikka Keski-Filppula
- PEDEGO Research Unit; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Oulu University Hospital; Oulu Finland
| | - Anne M Remes
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
- Department of Neurology; Kuopio University Hospital; Kuopio Finland
| | - Jukka Moilanen
- PEDEGO Research Unit; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Department of Clinical Genetics; Oulu University Hospital; Oulu Finland
| | - Kari Majamaa
- Medical Research Center Oulu; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Research Center Oulu; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Department of Neurology; Oulu University Hospital; Oulu Finland
| | - Marko Kervinen
- Department of Ophthalmology; Oulu University Hospital; Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
| | - Johanna Uusimaa
- PEDEGO Research Unit; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
- Department of Children and Adolescents; Division of Pediatric Neurology; Oulu University Hospital; Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu; University of Oulu; Oulu Finland
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Palmio J, Penttilä S, Moilanen J, Kärppä M, Udd B. A new family with autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix–Saguenay (ARSACS). Neuromuscul Disord 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2015.06.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
36
|
Husa A, Moilanen J, Murray G, Marttila R, Haapea M, Rannikko I, Barnett J, Jones P, Isohanni M, Koponen H, Miettunen J, Jääskeläinen E. Lifetime Antipsychotic Medication and Cognitive Performance in Schizophrenia at Age 43-years – the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. Eur Psychiatry 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30221-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
37
|
Penttilä M, Moilanen J, Haapea M, Isohanni M, Möller H, Koponen H, Miettunen J, Jääskeläinen E. Duration of Untreated Psychosis and the Use of Antipsychotic Medication During the Course of Illness in the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort. Eur Psychiatry 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(15)30229-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
38
|
Husa A, Moilanen J, Rannikko I, Haapea M, Murray G, Barnett J, Isohanni M, Veijola J, Koponen H, Miettunen J, Jääskeläinen E. 2082 – Lifetime use of antipsychotic medication and change of verbal learning and memory in schizophrenia in 9-years follow-up in general population sample. Eur Psychiatry 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(13)76987-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
39
|
Moilanen J, Haapea M, Miettunen J, Jääskeläinen E, Veijola J, Isohanni M, Koponen H. Characteristics of subjects with schizophrenia spectrum disorder with and without antipsychotic medication - a 10-year follow-up of the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort study. Eur Psychiatry 2011; 28:53-8. [PMID: 21920710 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2011.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Revised: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of non-medicated subjects having schizophrenia spectrum disorder and to study how they differ from medicated subjects in terms of sociodemographic and illness-related variables. We also aim to find the predictors for successful antipsychotic withdrawal. METHODS Data of 70 subjects with schizophrenic psychoses (mean duration of illness 10.4 years) from the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort were gathered by interview at the age of 34 and from hospital records. The stability of remission was assessed by comparing hospitalization rates between non-medicated and medicated subjects over an 8.7-year additional follow-up period. RESULTS Twenty-four (34%) subjects were currently not receiving medication. They were more often males, less often on a disability pension, more often in remission, and had better clinical outcomes. Relapses during the follow-up were equally frequent between non-medicated and medicated subjects (47% vs. 56%). Not having been hospitalised during previous 5 years before the interview predicted long-term successful antipsychotic withdrawal without relapse. CONCLUSIONS Despite a lack of precise predictors, there might be subgroup of schizophrenia spectrum subjects who do not need permanent antipsychotic medication, and a fewer previous psychiatric treatments may indicate such a subgroup.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Moilanen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. BOX 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Seitsonen S, Lemmelä S, Holopainen J, Tommila P, Ranta P, Kotamies A, Moilanen J, Palosaari T, Kaarniranta K, Meri S, Immonen I, Järvelä I. Analysis of variants in the complement factor H, the elongation of very long chain fatty acids-like 4 and the hemicentin 1 genes of age-related macular degeneration in the Finnish population. Mol Vis 2006; 12:796-801. [PMID: 16885922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A strong association of a Tyr402His polymorphism in the complement factor H (CFH) gene and a Met299Val polymorphism in the elongation of very long chain fatty acids-like 4 (ELOVL4) gene with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has been identified in Caucasian populations in the United States. Earlier a Gln5345Arg variant in the hemicentin 1 (HMCN1) gene was reported in a large AMD family in the United States. We wanted to investigate whether the polymorphisms of the CFH and the ELOVL4 genes or the mutation of the HMCN1 gene are associated with AMD in patients originating from the Finnish population with characteristics of a genetic isolate. METHODS The material consisted of familial (n=181) and sporadic cases (n=154) with AMD, a control group with no AMD (non-AMD controls, n=105), and a control group of anonymous blood donors (blood donor controls, n =350). The DNA of the subjects was sequenced to analyze the variants of the three genes. RESULTS We detected a strong association between the C/C-genotype compared to the T/T-genotype of Tyr402His polymorphism (first base of the Tyr-codon changes) of the CFH gene and AMD in the AMD cases compared to the non-AMD (p=8.86x10(-12)) or to blood donor controls (p=2.02x10(-13)). The frequency of the C/C genotype was significantly increased in both familial cases compared to non-AMD controls with non-adjusted odds ratio (OR) 10.1 (confidence intervals [CI] 95% 4.64-22.2) or compared to blood donor controls with non-adjusted OR 5.50 (CI 95% 3.17-9.55) and in sporadic cases with non-adjusted OR 9.33 (CI 95% 4.10-21.3; non-AMD-controls), OR 5.06 (CI 95% 2.75-9.28; blood donor controls). Frequency of C allele differed significantly between cases and controls (p=1.32x10(-11); non-AMD-controls and p=3.94x10(-14); blood donor controls). No association with AMD was detected with Met299Val polymorphism in the ELOVL4 gene in the familial or sporadic cases compared to non-AMD or blood donor controls. None of our subjects (258 AMD cases, 72 non-AMD controls) had the Gln5345Arg variant in the HMCN1 gene. CONCLUSIONS The CFH gene polymorphism seems to be an important etiologic factor for AMD also in the isolated Finnish population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanna Seitsonen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Understanding of corneal wound healing plays an important role, not only in management of corneal infections, but especially in refractive surgery. A better control of wound healing mechanisms might improve the results of such resculpturing techniques and help to avoid complications arising from these procedures. While studies have been focused in different aspects of corneal wound healing, our knowledge has increased greatly during the last years. Many problems associated with corneal healing also contribute to clinical pathology following corneal surgery. Understanding of such conditions has been augmented by the continuously developing corneal imaging techniques. We have used in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) for assessing corneas subjected to refractive surgery as well as corneas with common complications resulting from such procedures. IVCM has become a powerful tool for examining corneal cells, nerves, inflammations and infections. It allows information to be acquired repeatedly and at subbiomicroscopic levels that earlier had been obtainable only by invasive microscopic methods. Pre-examining corneas preoperatively by IVCM in order to reveal diseases or conditions in which elective refractive surgical procedures should not be undertaken or to select the ideal operation technique may help to avoid complications in the future. Measurement of the thickness of corneal sublayers or estimation of the thickness of a laser in situ keratomileusis flap or wound bed are other applications in which confocal microscopy may be valuable. In this article we attempt to describe the in vivo confocal findings of common refractive procedures and their complications, and discuss their biology in light of the existing knowledge on wound healing phenomena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timo Tervo
- Helsinki University Eye Hospital, P.O. Box 220, FIN 00029 HUS, Finland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sillanpää M, Moilanen J, Riikonen M, Pekkola M. Blue spot on the parhelic circle. Appl Opt 2001; 40:5275-5279. [PMID: 18364808 DOI: 10.1364/ao.40.005275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We develop a theory for a new effect on the parhelic circle. We show that there is a colored segment on the parhelic circle at a certain large azimuth that depends on solar elevation. The color segment appears at solar elevations below 32 degrees and is explained as a transition between total and partial internal reflection in the main ray paths of the parhelic circle in oriented ice crystals. Based on our simple refraction theory and computer simulations, we find that the color of the segment is mainly green and blue. The theory is tested with available photographs of the effect.
Collapse
|
43
|
Riikonen M, Sillanpää M, Virta L, Sullivan D, Moilanen J, Luukkonen I. Halo Observations Provide Evidence of Airborne Cubic Ice in the Earth's Atmosphere. Appl Opt 2000; 39:6080-6085. [PMID: 18354613 DOI: 10.1364/ao.39.006080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An ice crystal halo display that contains several previously unknown halo phenomena was observed in Northern Chile. Analysis of computer simulations of the halos demonstrates that most of the new halo arcs in the display can be explained by the presence of airborne and preferentially oriented crystals of cubic ice. These observations therefore provide evidence of the existence of the cubic phase of ice in the Earth's atmosphere.
Collapse
|
44
|
Vesaluoma M, Müller L, Gallar J, Lambiase A, Moilanen J, Hack T, Belmonte C, Tervo T. Effects of oleoresin capsicum pepper spray on human corneal morphology and sensitivity. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2000; 41:2138-47. [PMID: 10892855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the potential harmful effects on corneal structure, innervation, and sensitivity of a spray containing the neurotoxin capsaicin (oleoresin capsicum, OC). METHODS Ten police officers who volunteered for the study were exposed to OC. Clinical signs were assessed. Corneal sensitivity was measured using a Cochet-Bonnet or a noncontact esthesiometer that provides separate measurements of mechanical, chemical, and thermal sensitivity. Tear fluid nerve growth factor (NGF) was measured. Corneal cell layers and subbasal nerves were examined by in vivo confocal microscopy. The subjects were examined before application and 30 minutes, 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after OC exposure. RESULTS OC spray produced occasional areas of focal epithelial cell damage that healed within 1 day. Each eye showed conjunctival hyperemia and in two subjects, mild chemosis. All except one eye had unchanged best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). A transient decrease (day 1) of mechanical sensitivity was observed with the Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer. With the gas esthesiometer, mechanical sensitivity remained below normal values for 7 days. Chemical sensitivity to CO2 was high for as much as 1 day and decreased below normal 1 week later, whereas sensitivity to cold was unaffected. Two subjects had measurable tear NGF that increased after exposure. Basal epithelial cell morphology suggested temporary corneal epithelial swelling, whereas keratocytes, endothelial cells, and subbasal nerves remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Although OC causes immediate changes in mechanical and chemical sensitivity that may persist for a week, a single exposure to OC appears harmless to corneal tissues. The changes are possibly associated with damage of corneal nerve terminals of mainly unmyelinated polymodal nociceptor fibers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Vesaluoma
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Tulppala M, Aho M, Tuuri T, Vilska S, Foudila T, Hakala-Ala-Pietilä T, Moilanen J, Bützow T, Kaukoranta S, Söderström-Anttila V, Siegberg R, Suikkari AM, Hovatta O. Comparison of two recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone preparations in in-vitro fertilization: a randomized clinical study. Hum Reprod 1999; 14:2709-15. [PMID: 10548606 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/14.11.2709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A randomized comparison of two recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone (recFSH) preparations (Gonal-F and Puregon) in ovarian stimulation for in-vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was carried out at the Infertility Clinic of the Family Federation of Finland. A total of 348 women (aged 22-43 years) suffering from infertility due to miscellaneous causes was recruited. Of these, 344 underwent stimulation using equal starting doses (150 IU/day: Gonal-F n = 164, Puregon n = 158 or 300 IU/day: Gonal-F n = 8, Puregon n = 14) after down-regulation with intranasal buserelin from the mid-luteal phase. Similar clinical pregnancy rates were achieved with both preparations; 33.5% per cycle and 37.4% per embryo transfer (24.5% one-embryo and 75.5% two-embryo transfers, n = 147) with Gonal-F (150 IU/day) and 32.9% per cycle and 36.4% per embryo transfer (30.1% one-embryo and 69.9% two-embryo transfers, n = 145) with Puregon (150 IU/day). The ongoing cumulative pregnancy rates after frozen-thawed embryo transfer were 35.4% with Gonal-F and 37.7% with Puregon. Six cycles were cancelled because of a low response (three in each group). Similar numbers of oocytes were obtained in both groups; 13.0 with 150 IU/day and 6.1 with 300 IU/day Gonal-F, and 12.4 with 150 IU/day and 7.1 with 300 IU/day Puregon. The fertilization and cleavage rates and the incidence of moderate or severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (Gonal-F, 2.0% and Puregon, 0.7%) were also similar. Gonal-F and Puregon were equally and highly effective in stimulation for IVF and ICSI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Tulppala
- Infertility Clinic, The Family Federation of Finland, Kalevankatu 16, FIN-00100 Helsinki and Departments I and II of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Central Hospital of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sillanpää M, Moilanen J, Pekkola M, Penttinen M, Piikki J. Unusual pyramidal ice in the atmosphere as the origin of elliptical halos. Appl Opt 1999; 38:5089-5095. [PMID: 18324001 DOI: 10.1364/ao.38.005089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The formation mechanism of elliptical halos and Bottlinger's rings has long remained uncertain. The current model for elliptical halos requires multiple scattering from two different populations of ice crystals in a complex mode of motion. New evidence indicates that elliptical halos, and possibly Bottlinger's rings, are due to refraction through ice crystals shaped like obtuse pyramids. This unusual ice crystal may not have been documented previously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Sillanpää
- Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, Otakaari 3 A, PO Box 2200, Espoo FIN-02015 HUT, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Tulppala M, Aho M, Tuuri T, Vilska S, Foudila F, Hakala-Ala-Pietilä T, Moilanen J, Bützow T, Kaukoranta S, Söderstrom-Anttila V, Siegberg R, Hovatta O. P-109. Comparison of two recombinant follicle stimulating hormone preparations in in-vitro fertilization treatment: results from a randomized study. Hum Reprod 1999. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/14.suppl_3.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
48
|
Tuuri T, Moilanen J, Kaukoranta S, Makinen S, Kotola S, Hovatta O. Testicular biopty gun needle biopsy in collecting spermatozoa for intracytoplasmic injection, cryopreservation and histology. Hum Reprod 1999; 14:1274-8. [PMID: 10325277 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/14.5.1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Using testicular spermatozoa from either open biopsy (29 cycles) or biopty gun needle biopsy (49 cycles), a total of 81 intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles among 57 couples were carried out from January, 1994 to September, 1997. In six cycles, no spermatozoa were obtained, and in three cycles spermatozoa from both needle and open biopsies were used. The fertilization (37% after open and 41% after needle biopsy) and pregnancy rates (29% per embryo transfer compared with 16% per embryo transfer) were similar after both open and needle biopsies. Five pregnancies were achieved among the 14 couples with non-obstructive azoospermia of the male partner, four of these after needle biopsy. It was possible to use cryopreserved testicular spermatozoa after both needle and open biopsies, and one pregnancy started after using cryopreserved testicular spermatozoa in both groups. Histological needle biopsy was carried out in 62 cases, and they were all diagnostic, giving 15-20 cross-sections of seminiferous tubuli per biopsy. Testicular needle biopsy using a 14 gauge biopsy needle gave a sufficient amount of tissue and spermatozoa for ICSI, cryopreservation and histology, even in non-obstructive azoospermia. This technique is simpler and cheaper than open biopsy and, hence, it can be regarded as the optimal method for the retrieval of testicular spermatozoa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Tuuri
- Infertility Clinic, The Family Federation of Finland, Kalevankatu 16, FIN-00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Pekkola M, Riikonen M, Moilanen J, Ruoskanen J. Halo arcs from airborne, pyramidal ice crystals falling with their C axes in vertical orientation. Appl Opt 1998; 37:1435-1440. [PMID: 18268733 DOI: 10.1364/ao.37.001435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Many halo arcs are caused by pyramidal crystals that have {1 0 -1 1} crystal faces. We treat halo arcs arising from pyramidal crystals that fall in the air with their c axes vertically oriented. To our knowledge only 6 of the 12 possible halo phenomena that belong to this category have been dealt with in the literature. Surprisingly the yet undiscussed halos are predicted to be of comparable intensity with those already treated. They are produced by reflections from pyramidal crystal basal faces. A theoretical summary and computer simulations are presented of the mentioned 12 halo phenomena and of the individual arcs into which they break in the sky. We give an overview to the current level of documentation of these phenomena by listing the first published photographs of each phenomenon known to the authors.
Collapse
|
50
|
Bützow T, Moilanen J, Lehtovirta M, Tuomi T, Foudila T, Hakala-Ala-Pietila T, Tulppala M, Väinämö U, Siegberg R. O-039. Significant rise in serum leptin concentration during ovarian stimulation for IVF. Hum Reprod 1997. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/12.suppl_2.18-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|