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Le DN, Johnson HC, Lam YH, Sun C, Cheng L, Belyk KM. Enantio- and Diastereoselective Total Synthesis of Belzutifan Enabled by Rh-Catalyzed Hydrogenation. Org Lett 2024; 26:4059-4064. [PMID: 38709100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report a nine-step synthesis of belzutifan enabled by a novel Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation to install the contiguous fluorinated stereocenters with high enantioselectivity. Moreover, the final ketone reduction in the synthesis proceeds with high diastereoselectivity, leading to the expedient assembly of the stereotriad. In contrast to the original 16-step synthesis, this route avoids a lengthy bromination-oxidation sequence and introduces the sulfone functionality via nucleophilic aromatic substitution, obviating the need for transition metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane N Le
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Heather C Johnson
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yu-Hong Lam
- Modeling and Informatics, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Chunrui Sun
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Lili Cheng
- Chemistry Service Unit, WuXi AppTec (Tianjin), Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Kevin M Belyk
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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2
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Fouda AEA, Lindblom V, Southworth SH, Doumy G, Ho PJ, Young L, Cheng L, Sorensen SL. Influence of Selective Carbon 1s Excitation on Auger-Meitner Decay in the ESCA Molecule. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:4286-4293. [PMID: 38608168 PMCID: PMC11057383 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional spectral mapping is used to visualize how resonant Auger-Meitner spectra are influenced by the site of the initial core-electron excitation and the symmetry of the core-excited state in the trifluoroethyl acetate molecule (ESCA). We observe a significant enhancement of electron yield for excitation of the COO 1s → π* and CF3 1s → σ* resonances unlike excitation at resonances involving the CH3 and CH2 sites. The CF3 1s → π* and CF3 1s → σ* resonance spectra are very different from each other, with the latter populating most valence states equally. Two complementary electronic structure calculations for the photoelectron cross section and Auger-Meitner intensity are shown to effectively reproduce the site- and state-selective nature of the resonant enhancement features. The site of the core-electron excitation and the respective final state hole locality increase the sensistivity of the photoelectron signal at specific functional group sites. This showcases resonant Auger-Meitner decay as a potentially powerful tool for selectively probing structural changes at specific functional group sites of polyatomic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. E. A. Fouda
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department
of Physics and James Franck Institute, The
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - V. Lindblom
- Department
of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - S. H. Southworth
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - G. Doumy
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - P. J. Ho
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - L. Young
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department
of Physics and James Franck Institute, The
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - L. Cheng
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles St, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - S. L. Sorensen
- Department
of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
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Cheng L, Lv Z, Alfarraj O, Tolba A, Yu X, Ren Y. Secure cross-chain interaction solution in multi-blockchain environment. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28861. [PMID: 38601595 PMCID: PMC11004751 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of the increasingly diversified blockchain technology, interoperability among heterogeneous blockchains has become key to further advancing this field. Existing cross-chain technologies, while facilitating data and asset exchange between different blockchains to some extent, have exposed issues such as insufficient security, low efficiency, and inconsistent standards. Consequently, these issues give rise to significant obstacles in terms of both scalability and seamless communication among blockchains within a multi-chain framework. To address this, this paper proposes an efficient method for cross-chain interaction in a multi-chain environment. Building upon the traditional sidechain model, this method employs smart contracts and hash time-locked contracts (HTLCs) to design a cross-chain interaction scheme. This approach decentralizes the execution of locking, verifying, and unlocking stages in cross-chain transactions, effectively avoiding centralization risks associated with third-party entities in the process. It also greatly enhances the efficiency of fund transfers between the main chain and sidechains, while ensuring the security of cross-chain transactions to some extent. Additionally, this paper innovatively proposes a cross-chain data interaction strategy. Through smart contracts on the main chain, data from sidechains can be uploaded, verified, and stored on the main chain, achieving convenient and efficient cross-chain data sharing. The contribution of this paper is the development of a decentralized protocol that coordinates the execution of cross-chain interactions without the need to trust external parties, thereby reducing the risk of centralization and enhancing security. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of our solution in increasing transaction security and efficiency, with significant improvements over existing models. Our experiments emphasize the system's ability to handle a variety of transaction scenarios with improved throughput and reduced latency, highlighting the practical applicability and scalability of our approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Cheng
- Nanjing Second Space Network Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, JiangSu, China
| | - Zhiying Lv
- Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics of Ministry of Education, School of Computer, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, JiangSu, China
| | - Osama Alfarraj
- Computer Science Department, Community College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Tolba
- Computer Science Department, Community College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaofeng Yu
- School of Business, Nanjing University, Nanjing, JiangSu, China
| | - Yongjun Ren
- Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics of Ministry of Education, School of Computer, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, JiangSu, China
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4
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Zhang S, Zhu A, Kong F, Chen J, Lan B, He G, Gao K, Cheng L, Sun X, Yan C, Chen L, Liu X. Structural insights into human organic cation transporter 1 transport and inhibition. Cell Discov 2024; 10:30. [PMID: 38485705 PMCID: PMC10940649 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-024-00664-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The human organic cation transporter 1 (hOCT1), also known as SLC22A1, is integral to hepatic uptake of structurally diversified endogenous and exogenous organic cations, influencing both metabolism and drug pharmacokinetics. hOCT1 has been implicated in the therapeutic dynamics of many drugs, making interactions with hOCT1 a key consideration in novel drug development and drug-drug interactions. Notably, metformin, the frontline medication for type 2 diabetes, is a prominent hOCT1 substrate. Conversely, hOCT1 can be inhibited by agents such as spironolactone, a steroid analog inhibitor of the aldosterone receptor, necessitating a deep understanding of hOCT1-drug interactions in the development of new pharmacological treatments. Despite extensive study, specifics of hOCT1 transport and inhibition mechanisms remain elusive at the molecular level. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of the hOCT1-metformin complex in three distinct conformational states - outward open, outward occluded, and inward occluded as well as substrate-free hOCT1 in both partially and fully open states. We also present hOCT1 in complex with spironolactone in both outward and inward facing conformations. These structures provide atomic-level insights into the dynamic metformin transfer process via hOCT1 and the mechanism by which spironolactone inhibits it. Additionally, we identify a 'YER' motif critical for the conformational flexibility of hOCT1 and likely other SLC22 family transporters. Our findings significantly advance the understanding of hOCT1 molecular function and offer a foundational framework for the design of new therapeutic agents targeting this transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Angqi Zhu
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Kong
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Baoliang Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Guodong He
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaixuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoou Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuangye Yan
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ligong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Zheng X, Cheng L, Zhou XD. [Frontiers and advances in dental caries research]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 59:14-22. [PMID: 38172057 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20231010-00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Dental caries is a prevalent infectious disease caused by microbial metabolism, affecting the hard tissues of teeth. According to data from the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey, there is a gradual increase in caries prevalence in China, particularly among children and elderly individuals. As an etiological factor for dental lesions, caries not only impact oral health but also exhibit significant associations with various systemic diseases, suggesting that systemic diseases may serve as potential risk factors of caries development. To effectively implement the plan of national oral health action, researchers investigate the pathogenesis of caries actively while concurrently develop innovative preventive and treatment strategies based on advanced concepts and technologies, aiming to comprehensively enhance China's oral health status. Therefore, this article provides insights into the pathogenesis of caries, its correlation with systemic diseases, as well as cutting-edge research advancements pertaining to novel preventive measures for caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zheng
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - L Cheng
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - X D Zhou
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, China
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6
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Zhang JX, Li BL, Zhou XD, Cheng L. [Effect of a novel pH-responsive tertiary amine monomer dodecylmethylaminoethyl methacrylate modified resin adhesive on biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei in vitro]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 59:45-53. [PMID: 38172061 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20231018-00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the application prospect of a new pH-responsive tertiary amine monomer dodecylmethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEM) modified resin adhesive (DMAEM@RA) in the prevention and treatment of secondary caries. Methods: Five percents DMAEM was added to the resin adhesive to synthesize DMAEM@RA for modifying. Streptococcus mutans (Sm) and Lactobacillus casei (Lc) biofilms were cultured on resin adhesive and DMAEM@RA, respectively. The culture systems were set up at pH=7.4, 6.0, 5.5, and 5.0. The antimicrobial activity of DMAEM@RA was evaluated by quantitative PCR. The effects of DMAEM@RA on biofilm thickness, bacterial amount, and extracellular polysaccharides were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and extracellular polysaccharide staining. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to study the effect of DMAEM@RA on the expression levels of cariogenic genes in Sm. Results: DMAEM@RA could significantly reduce the amount of Sm and Lc under acidic conditions, especially Lc. At pH=5.0, the logarithm value of co-cultured Sm bacteria [lg (CFU/ml)] in DMAEM@RA group (7.58±0.01) was significantly lower than that in control group (7.87±0.03) (t=14.32, P<0.001), and the logarithm value of Lc bacteria [lg (CFU/ml)] (7.29±0.04) was also significantly lower than that in control group (7.93±0.15) (t=6.93, P=0.002). SEM observed that the bacteria decreased and the cell fragments appeared in DMAEM@RA group. In addition, DMAEM@RA significantly reduced the biomass of extracellular polysaccharides in the dual-species biofilm under acidic conditions. At pH=5.0, the biomass of extracellular polysaccharides in DMAEM@RA group [(25.13±3.14) mm3/mm2] was significantly lower than that in the control group [(42.66±7.46) mm3/mm2] (t=3.75, P=0.020). DMAEM@RA could significantly up-regulate the expressions of gtfB and gtfC genes in Sm under acidic conditions. At pH=5.0, gtfB and gtfC genes were significantly up-regulated by (14.64± 0.44) times and (2.99±0.20) times, respectively (t=-42.74, P<0.001; t=-13.55, P<0.001). Conclusions: The DMAEM@RA has a good antibacterial effect under acidic conditions, demonstrating that it has a good potential to prevent the occurrence and development of secondary caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- J X Zhang
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - B L Li
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - X D Zhou
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - L Cheng
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University & State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu 610041, China
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7
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Chi W, Kang N, Sheng L, Liu S, Tao L, Cao X, Liu Y, Zhu C, Zhang Y, Wu B, Chen R, Cheng L, Wang J, Sun X, Liu X, Deng H, Yang J, Li Z, Liu W, Chen L. MCT1-governed pyruvate metabolism is essential for antibody class-switch recombination through H3K27 acetylation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:163. [PMID: 38167945 PMCID: PMC10762154 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44540-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) exhibits essential roles in cellular metabolism and energy supply. Although MCT1 is highly expressed in activated B cells, it is not clear how MCT1-governed monocarboxylates transportation is functionally coupled to antibody production during the glucose metabolism. Here, we report that B cell-lineage deficiency of MCT1 significantly influences the class-switch recombination (CSR), rendering impaired IgG antibody responses in Mct1f/fMb1Cre mice after immunization. Metabolic flux reveals that glucose metabolism is significantly reprogrammed from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation in Mct1-deficient B cells upon activation. Consistently, activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), is severely suppressed in Mct1-deficient B cells due to the decreased level of pyruvate metabolite. Mechanistically, MCT1 is required to maintain the optimal concentration of pyruvate to secure the sufficient acetylation of H3K27 for the elevated transcription of AID in activated B cells. Clinically, we found that MCT1 expression levels are significantly upregulated in systemic lupus erythematosus patients, and Mct1 deficiency can alleviate the symptoms of bm12-induced murine lupus model. Collectively, these results demonstrate that MCT1-mediated pyruvate metabolism is required for IgG antibody CSR through an epigenetic dependent AID transcription, revealing MCT1 as a potential target for vaccine development and SLE disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenna Chi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Na Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Sheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Sichen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lei Tao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xizhi Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ye Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Can Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bolong Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ruiqun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lili Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaolin Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- National Center for Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Haiteng Deng
- National Center for Protein Science, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jinliang Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zhanguo Li
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Immunology, China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Ligong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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Zheng B, Zhang P, Lv Q, Wu T, Liu Y, Tang J, Ma Y, Cheng L, Xu L, Wang Y, Xue Y, Liu J, Ren J. Development and preclinical evaluation of multifunctional hydrogel for precise thermal protection during thermal ablation. Bioact Mater 2024; 31:119-135. [PMID: 37637083 PMCID: PMC10448243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Image-guided thermal ablation (TA), which is less invasive, has been widely applied for treating various kinds of tumors. However, TA still poses the potential risk of thermal damage to sensitive tissue nearby. Therefore, an adjunctive thermoprotective hydrodissection technique with constant injection of 5% glucose (5% Glu) has currently been adopted for clinical application, but this may be hazardous to humans. In this study, a multifunctional hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel (HA-Dc) was developed for hydrodissection. Compared with 5% Glu (the most clinically used solution) and the previously reported F127 hydrogel, the HA-Dc hydrogel was studied in vitro in a porcine liver model and in vivo in a rabbit model and showed good injectability and better tissue retention, stability, and thermoprotective properties throughout the TA procedure. Furthermore, in the preclinical evaluation in a Macaca fascicularis (M. fascicularis) model, HA-Dc showed excellent performance in terms of stricter neuroprotection compared with 5% Glu. In addition, the HA-Dc hydrogel with good biocompatibility and controllable degradation behavior in vivo could be a promising platform for thermal protection during clinical TA procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zheng
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Multiple Disciplinary Team Center of Thyroid Diseases, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No.66, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, PR China
| | - Qijun Lv
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Multiple Disciplinary Team Center of Thyroid Diseases, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Multiple Disciplinary Team Center of Thyroid Diseases, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China
| | - Yadong Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No.66, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, PR China
| | - Junjie Tang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No.66, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, PR China
| | - Yanping Ma
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Multiple Disciplinary Team Center of Thyroid Diseases, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China
| | - Lili Cheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No.66, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, PR China
| | - Langtao Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No.66, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, PR China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Multiple Disciplinary Team Center of Thyroid Diseases, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China
| | - Yifan Xue
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No.66, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No.66, Gongchang Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, PR China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Hepatology Research, Multiple Disciplinary Team Center of Thyroid Diseases, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China
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Tin D, Cheng L, Le D, Hata R, Ciottone G. Natural disasters: a comprehensive study using EMDAT database 1995-2022. Public Health 2024; 226:255-260. [PMID: 38091814 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The frequency, intensity, and geographical reach of natural disasters, fueled in part by factors such as climate change, population growth, and urbanization, have undeniably been escalating concerns around the world. DESIGN AND METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of natural disasters recorded in the Emergency Events Database from 1995 to 2022. RESULTS Between 1995 and 2022, 11,360 natural disasters occurred, with a mean of 398 per year. Asia experienced the most disasters (4390) and the highest number of casualties (918,198). Hydrological disasters were the most common subgroup (4969), while geophysical disasters led in terms of deaths (770,644). Biological disasters caused the most injuries (2544), particularly in Africa. CONCLUSION Recognizing the historical impacts of the various subtypes of natural disasters may help different regions better risk analyze and mitigate the unique risks associated with such events.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tin
- Disaster Medicine Fellowship, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - L Cheng
- Disaster Medicine Fellowship, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - D Le
- Alumni, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - R Hata
- Disaster Medicine Fellowship, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, 720 Eskenazi Ave Fifth Third Bank Building 3rd Fl, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - G Ciottone
- Disaster Medicine Fellowship, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Xu QY, Tian M, Lu M, Lu MP, Cheng L. [The role of allergen-specific immunotherapy in the primary and secondary prevention of allergic diseases]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 58:1259-1265. [PMID: 38186103 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20230506-00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital/Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou 215153, China Clinical Allergy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - M Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - M Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital/Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou 215153, China
| | - M P Lu
- Clinical Allergy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - L Cheng
- Clinical Allergy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China International Centre for Allergy Research, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Cheng L, Deepak RK, Wang G, Meng Z, Tao L, Xie M, Chi W, Zhang Y, Yang M, Liao Y, Chen R, Liang Y, Zhang J, Huang Y, Wang W, Guo Z, Wang Y, Lin JD, Fan H, Chen L. Hepatic mitochondrial NAD + transporter SLC25A47 activates AMPKα mediating lipid metabolism and tumorigenesis. Hepatology 2023; 78:1828-1842. [PMID: 36804859 PMCID: PMC10653290 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS SLC25A47 was initially identified as a mitochondrial HCC-downregulated carrier protein, but its physiological functions and transport substrates are unknown. We aimed to investigate the physiological role of SLC25A47 in hepatic metabolism. APPROACH RESULTS In the treatment of hepatocytes with metformin, we found that metformin can transcriptionally activate the expression of Slc25a47 , which is required for AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) phosphorylation. Slc25a47 -deficient mice had increased hepatic lipid content, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels, and we found that Slc25a47 deficiency suppressed AMPKα phosphorylation and led to an increased accumulation of nuclear SREBPs, with elevated fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthetic activities. Conversely, when Slc25a47 was overexpressed in mouse liver, AMPKα was activated and resulted in the inhibition of lipogenesis. Moreover, using a diethylnitrosamine-induced mouse HCC model, we found that the deletion of Slc25a47 promoted HCC tumorigenesis and development through the activated mammalian target of rapamycin cascade. Employing homology modeling of SLC25A47 and virtual screening of the human metabolome database, we demonstrated that NAD + was an endogenous substrate for SLC25A47, and the activity of NAD + -dependent sirtuin 3 declined in Slc25a47 -deficient mice, followed by inactivation of AMPKα. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that SLC25A47, a hepatocyte-specific mitochondrial NAD + transporter, is one of the pharmacological targets of metformin and regulates lipid homeostasis through AMPKα, and may serve as a potential drug target for treating NAFLD and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - R.N.V. Krishna Deepak
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing China
| | - Ziyi Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing China
| | - Lei Tao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing China
| | - Mengqing Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing China
| | - Wenna Chi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing China
| | - Mingming Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing China
| | - Yilie Liao
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing China
| | - Yu Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing China
| | - Junyu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing China
| | - Yuedong Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing China
| | - Weihua Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing China
| | - Zhiying Guo
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiandie D. Lin
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hao Fan
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Ligong Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Ghelani GH, Zerdan MB, Jacob J, Spiess PE, Li R, Necchi A, Grivas P, Kamat A, Danziger N, Lin D, Huang R, Decker B, Sokol ES, Cheng L, Pavlick D, Ross JS, Bratslavsky G, Basnet A. HPV-positive clinically advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (aBSCC): A comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) study. Urol Oncol 2023; 41:486.e15-486.e23. [PMID: 37821306 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced bladder squamous cell carcinoma (aBSCC) is an uncommon form of urinary bladder malignancy when compared with the much higher urothelial carcinoma incidence. We studied the genomic alteration (GA) landscape in a series of aBSCC based on the association with human papilloma virus (HPV) to determine if differences in GA would be observed between the positive and negative groups. METHODS Using a hybrid capture-based FDA-approved CGP assay, a series of 171 aBSCC were sequenced to evaluate all classes of GA. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was determined on up to 1.1 Mbp of sequenced DNA and microsatellite instability (MSI) was determined on up to 114 loci. Programmed cell death ligand -1 (PD-L1) expression was determined by IHC (Dako 22C3) with negative expression when PD-L1 was 0, lower expression of positivity set at 1 to 49%, and higher expression set at ≥50% expression. RESULTS Overall, 11 (6.4%) of the aBSCC were found to harbor HPV sequences (10 HPV16 and 1 HPV 11). HPV+ status was identified slightly more often in women (NS) and in younger patients (P = 0.04); 2 female patients with aBSCC had a prior history of SCC including 1 anal SCC and 1 vaginal SCC. HPV+ aBSCC had fewer GA/tumor (P < 0.0001), more inactivating mutations in RB1 (P = 0.032), and fewer inactivating GA in CDKN2A (P < 0.0001), CDKN2B (P = 0.05), TERT promoter (P = 0.0004) and TP53 (P < 0.0001). GA in genes associated with urothelial carcinoma including FGFR2 and FGFR3 were similar in both HPV+ and HPV- aBSCC groups. MTAP loss (homozygous deletion) which has emerged as a biomarker for PRMT5 inhibitor-based clinical trials was not identified in any of the 11 HPV+ aBSCC cases, which was significantly lower than the 28% positive frequency of MTAP loss in the HPV- aBSCC group (P < 0.0001). MTOR and PIK3CA pathway GA were not significantly different in the 2 groups. Putative biomarkers associated with immunotherapy (IO) response, including MSI and TMB status, were also similar in the 2 groups. PD-L1 expression data was available for a subset of both HPV+ and HPV- cases and showed high frequencies of positive staining which was not different in the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS HPV+ aBSCC tends to occur more often in younger patients. As reported in other HPV-associated squamous cell carcinomas, HPV+ aBSCC demonstrates significantly reduced frequencies of inactivating mutations in cell cycle regulatory genes with similar GA in MTOR and PIK3CA pathways. The implication of HPV in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer remains unknown but warrants further exploration and clinical validation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J Jacob
- Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | - P E Spiess
- Department of GU Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - R Li
- Department of GU Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - A Necchi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - P Grivas
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - A Kamat
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - D Lin
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - R Huang
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - B Decker
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - L Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Lifespan Academic Medical Center, and the Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Providence, RI
| | | | - J S Ross
- Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | | | - A Basnet
- Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
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Shen YR, Chen TH, Liang SL, Cheng XY, Lv JW, Jiang YX, Cheng L, Yu YB, Jin GR, Chen AX. The generation of genuine quadripartite Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering in an optical superlattice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21196. [PMID: 38040917 PMCID: PMC10692164 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a quantum effect based on quantum entanglement and it is the key resource for building quantum networks because of its useful properties. Based on the criterion for genuine multipartite EPR steering, the genuine quadripartite EPR steering is confirmed and it can be generated by a spontaneous parametric down-conversion cascaded process with two sum-frequency generations in an optical superlattice. This occurs either below the oscillation threshold and without oscillation threshold. The influence of the parameters of cascaded nonlinear process on the quadripartite EPR steering among signal, idler, and two sum-frequency beams are also discussed. Choosing appropriate nonlinear parameters can achieve good quadripartite quantum steering. This scheme of the generation of genuine quadripartite EPR steering has potential applications in quantum communication and computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Shen
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - T H Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - S L Liang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - X Y Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - J W Lv
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Y X Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - L Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Y B Yu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - G R Jin
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - A X Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
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Yuan Y, Jin A, Duan P, Cao L, Wang H, Hu S, Li J, Feng X, Qiao Q, Zhang H, Zhang R, Li H, Gao P, Xie G, Yuan J, Cheng L, Wang S, Niu W, Elliott P, Gao R, Labarthe D, Wu Y. Experience with 2 years' intervention to progressively reduce salt supply to kitchens in elderly care facilities-challenges and further research: post hoc analysis of the DECIDE-Salt randomized clinical trial. BMC Med 2023; 21:416. [PMID: 37919742 PMCID: PMC10623877 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03130-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive reduction of sodium intake is an attractive approach for addressing excessive salt intake, but evidence for this strategy in real practice is limited. We aimed to determine the feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of a progressive sodium intake reduction intervention in real-world setting. METHODS We randomized 48 residential elderly care facilities in China, with 1612 participants aged 55 years and older, to either progressive reduction (PR, 24 facilities) or no reduction (NR, 24 facilities) of the supply of study salt to the kitchens of these facilities for 2 years. The primary efficacy outcome was systolic blood pressure (SBP) at any scheduled follow-up visit. Secondary efficacy outcomes included diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at any scheduled follow-up visit, and major adverse cardiovascular events (comprising non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction, hospitalized non-fatal heart failure, or vascular death) and total mortality. The perception of food saltiness, the addition of out-of-study salt in meals, and 24-h urinary sodium excretion were used as process indicators. RESULTS Pre-specified analysis per randomization found no effect of the intervention on the 2-year overall mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) and any other outcomes. However, post hoc analysis showed that the intervention effect on blood pressure varied over multiple follow-up visits (p for interaction < 0.046) and presented favorable differences at the 24-month visit (SBP = - 3.0 mmHg, 95%CI = - 5.6, - 0.5; p = 0.020; DBP = - 2.0 mmHg, 95%CI - 3.4, - 0.63; p = 0.004). The effect on 24-h sodium was non-significant (- 8.4 mmol, 95%CI = - 21.8 to 4.9, p = 0.216), though fewer participants with NR than with PR reported food tasting bland (odds ratio 0.46; 95%CI 0.29 to 0.73; p = 0.001). Reporting of bland food taste and other process measures indicated that intervention delivery and adherence were not fully achieved as designed. CONCLUSIONS The experience of this real-world study demonstrated that achieving acceptability and sustainability of the progressive sodium intake reduction strategy among older adults was challenging, but it has shown potential for effectiveness in these and potentially other residential settings if the lessons of DECIDE-Salt are applied in further studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03290716).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
- Peking University Clinical Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Haidian District, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, China
| | - Aoming Jin
- Peking University Clinical Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Haidian District, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, China
- Present Address: China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - La'e Cao
- Yangcheng Ophthalmic Hospital, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Hohhot Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Senke Hu
- Department of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- Peking University Clinical Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Haidian District, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, China
| | | | - Qianku Qiao
- Yangcheng Ophthalmic Hospital, Shanxi, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Hohhot Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ruijuan Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- Peking University Clinical Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Haidian District, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Gaoqiang Xie
- Peking University Clinical Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Haidian District, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, China
| | | | - Lili Cheng
- Yangcheng Ophthalmic Hospital, Shanxi, China
| | - Sujuan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Hohhot Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wenyi Niu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Paul Elliott
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Runlin Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Darwin Labarthe
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yangfeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China.
- Peking University Clinical Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Haidian District, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, China.
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Cheng L, Huang C, Li M, Shang S, Chen J, Tang Z. Chonggu Granules Improve Cartilage Matrix Metabolism in Knee Osteoarthritis via the miR-148a-3p/Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:4751-4762. [PMID: 37881649 PMCID: PMC10596237 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s428582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to explore the effect and underlying mechanism of Chonggu Granules (CGG) in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in rats. Methods A papain-induced KOA model was established in rats. The pathological alterations of extracellular matrix in rat cartilage tissues were observed through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, followed by Mankin score for quantitative scoring. The ultrastructure of cartilage extracellular matrix was examined under a transmission electron microscopy (TEM). ELISA was used to measure the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in rat serum. Immunofluorescence was performed for assessing the levels of MMP-3, MMP-13, and Col2al in rat cartilage. Western blot was used to identify the protein expressions of wnt1, GSK-3β, β-catenin, and Aggrecan in rat cartilage. The mRNA relative expressions of miR-148a-3p, wnt1, β-catenin, and GSK-3β in rat cartilage were detected by RT-PCR. Luciferase reporter gene was used to detect the target genes of miR-148a-3p. Results CGG significantly improved articular cartilage tissue and extracellular matrix metabolism compared to the model group as indicated by H&E, Mankin score, and TEM data. Moreover, low, medium, and high doses of CGG reduced the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, MMP-3, and MMP-13 in serum to varying degrees but increased the levels of Col2al and Aggrecan. Mechanistically, CGG targeted wnt1 by increasing the expression of miR-148a-3p in a dose-dependent manner, thereby downregulating the mRNA and protein expressions of β-catenin in cartilage tissue and upregulating the mRNA and protein expressions of GSK-3β. Conclusion CGG may control the miR-148a-3p/wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to decrease the levels of its downstream target genes MMP-13 and MMP-3, increase the expressions of Col2al and Aggrecan, and downregulate the contents of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β, thereby improving the metabolism of cartilage extracellular matrix and alleviating the degeneration of articular cartilage in KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Cheng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanbing Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Shang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junjie Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230038, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongfu Tang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230038, People’s Republic of China
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Aguilar M, Ambrosi G, Anderson H, Arruda L, Attig N, Bagwell C, Barao F, Barbanera M, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Battiston R, Belyaev N, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindi V, Bollweg K, Bolster J, Borchiellini M, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Burger J, Burger WJ, Cai XD, Capell M, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen GM, Chen GR, Chen H, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Chouridou S, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Cui Z, Dadzie K, D'Angelo F, Dass A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Di Felice V, Díaz C, Dimiccoli F, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Faldi F, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Gámez C, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gervasi M, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grandi D, Graziani M, Guracho AN, Haino S, Han KC, Hashmani RK, He ZH, Heber B, Hsieh TH, Hu JY, Huang BW, Ionica M, Incagli M, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Karagöz G, Khan S, Khiali B, Kirn T, Klipfel AP, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Krasnopevtsev D, Kuhlman A, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, LaVecchia G, Lazzizzera I, Lee HT, Lee SC, Li HL, Li JQ, Li M, Li M, Li Q, Li Q, Li QY, Li S, Li SL, Li JH, Li ZH, Liang J, Liang MJ, Lin CH, Lippert T, Liu JH, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo JZ, Luo SD, Luo X, Mañá C, Marín J, Marquardt J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Medvedeva T, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Molero M, Mott P, Mussolin L, Jozani YN, Negrete J, Nicolaidis R, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Ocampo-Peleteiro J, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Ottupara MA, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Paniccia M, Pashnin A, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Plyaskin V, Poluianov S, Qin X, Qu ZY, Quadrani L, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Conde AR, Robyn E, Rodríguez-García I, Romaneehsen L, Rossi F, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Savin E, Schael S, von Dratzig AS, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Siedenburg T, Silvestre G, Song JW, Song XJ, Sonnabend R, Strigari L, Su T, Sun Q, Sun ZT, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tian J, Tian Y, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Urban T, Usoskin I, Vagelli V, Vainio R, Valencia-Otero M, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang CX, Wang L, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Wei J, Weng ZL, Wu H, Wu Y, Xiao JN, Xiong RQ, Xiong XZ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang HT, Yang Y, Yelland A, Yi H, You YH, Yu YM, Yu ZQ, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang FZ, Zhang J, Zhang JH, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zheng C, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zuccon P. Temporal Structures in Positron Spectra and Charge-Sign Effects in Galactic Cosmic Rays. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:151002. [PMID: 37897756 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.151002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
We present the precision measurements of 11 years of daily cosmic positron fluxes in the rigidity range from 1.00 to 41.9 GV based on 3.4×10^{6} positrons collected with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) aboard the International Space Station. The positron fluxes show distinctly different time variations from the electron fluxes at short and long timescales. A hysteresis between the electron fluxes and the positron fluxes is observed with a significance greater than 5σ at rigidities below 8.5 GV. On the contrary, the positron fluxes and the proton fluxes show similar time variation. Remarkably, we found that positron fluxes are modulated more than proton fluxes with a significance greater than 5σ for rigidities below 7 GV. These continuous daily positron fluxes, together with AMS daily electron, proton, and helium fluxes over an 11-year solar cycle, provide unique input to the understanding of both the charge-sign and mass dependencies of cosmic rays in the heliosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - G Ambrosi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - H Anderson
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - L Arruda
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Attig
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C Bagwell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Barao
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Barbanera
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Barrin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - R Battiston
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - N Belyaev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bertucci
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - V Bindi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K Bollweg
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - J Bolster
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Borchiellini
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - B Borgia
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M J Boschini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Bourquin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - J Burger
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - X D Cai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Capell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Casaus
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Y H Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - G M Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - G R Chen
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Chen
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y Chen
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Cheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Y Chou
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S Chouridou
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - V Choutko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C H Chung
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Clark
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Coignet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C Consolandi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Contin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Z Cui
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - K Dadzie
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F D'Angelo
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - A Dass
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - C Delgado
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M B Demirköz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - L Derome
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - V Di Felice
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - P von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Dong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - F Donnini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Duranti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Egorov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Eline
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Faldi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Feng
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - E Fiandrini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Fisher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Formato
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Gámez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R J García-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - C Gargiulo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - H Gast
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Gervasi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - F Giovacchini
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D M Gómez-Coral
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - J Gong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - C Goy
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - D Grandi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Graziani
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | | | - S Haino
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - K C Han
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - R K Hashmani
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Z H He
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - B Heber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T H Hsieh
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Y Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - B W Huang
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - M Ionica
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Incagli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Yi Jia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Jinchi
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - G Karagöz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - S Khan
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - B Khiali
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Th Kirn
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A P Klipfel
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - O Kounina
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kounine
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Koutsenko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Krasnopevtsev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kuhlman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Kulemzin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G La Vacca
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - E Laudi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G Laurenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - G LaVecchia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - I Lazzizzera
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - H T Lee
- Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S C Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - H L Li
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - M Li
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - M Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Q Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Y Li
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S L Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J H Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Liang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - M J Liang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - T Lippert
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J H Liu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - S Q Lu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - K Luebelsmeyer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Z Luo
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - S D Luo
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - C Mañá
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marín
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marquardt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T Martin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Masi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Maurin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - T Medvedeva
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Menchaca-Rocha
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - Q Meng
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - M Molero
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - P Mott
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - L Mussolin
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - Y Najafi Jozani
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Negrete
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - R Nicolaidis
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - N Nikonov
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | | | - J Ocampo-Peleteiro
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Oliva
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Orcinha
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M A Ottupara
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - M Palermo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Palmonari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Paniccia
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Pashnin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pauluzzi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Pensotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - V Plyaskin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Poluianov
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - X Qin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Y Qu
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Quadrani
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P G Rancoita
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - D Rapin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | | | - E Robyn
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - I Rodríguez-García
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Romaneehsen
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - F Rossi
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - A Rozhkov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Rozza
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - R Sagdeev
- East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - E Savin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - S Schael
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - G Schwering
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E S Seo
- IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - B S Shan
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - T Siedenburg
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - G Silvestre
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J W Song
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - X J Song
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - R Sonnabend
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Strigari
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - T Su
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Sun
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z T Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Tacconi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - X W Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z C Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Tian
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Y Tian
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Samuel C C Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S M Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Tomassetti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Torsti
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - T Urban
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - I Usoskin
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - V Vagelli
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - R Vainio
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Valencia-Otero
- Physics Department and Center for High Energy and High Field Physics, National Central University (NCU), Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan
| | - E Valente
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Valtonen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Vázquez Acosta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Vecchi
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - M Velasco
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Vialle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C X Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - L Q Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - N H Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - S Wang
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - X Wang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z M Wang
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Wei
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z L Weng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Wu
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Y Wu
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J N Xiao
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - R Q Xiong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - X Z Xiong
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - W Xu
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Yan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H T Yang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - A Yelland
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Yi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Y H You
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y M Yu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Q Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Z Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J H Zhang
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - C Zheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z M Zheng
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Zichichi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P Zuccon
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
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17
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Huang WB, Cheng L. [Research progress in molecular pathology of bladder cancer]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:1074-1078. [PMID: 37805409 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230227-00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W B Huang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 450052, China
| | - L Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School and the Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U S A
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18
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Peng XY, Wang J, Liu M, Chen ZB, Cheng L. [Research progress of the limbic system in tinnitus development]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 58:1045-1050. [PMID: 37840174 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20230803-00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- X Y Peng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - M Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Z B Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - L Cheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Cheng L, Goulven CL, Cullen BR, Clark C, Gregorini P, Sun XZ, Talukder S. High genetic merit dairy heifers grazing low quality forage had similar weight gain and urinary nitrogen excretion to those of low genetic merit heifers. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1234872. [PMID: 37869497 PMCID: PMC10587433 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1234872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate variability and increasing drought events have become significant concerns in recent years. However, there is limited published research on body weight (BW) change of dairy heifers with different genetic merit when grazing on drought impacted pastures in southern Australia. Achieving target body weight (BW) is vital for dairy heifers, especially during critical stages like mating and calving. This study aimed to assess dry matter (DM) intake, BW change, urinary nitrogen excretion, and grazing behaviours of high vs. low genetic dairy heifers grazing pasture during a 43-day experimental period in a drought season. Forty-eight Holstein Friesian heifers grazed on ryegrass-dominant pasture and were divided into two groups based on their high and low Balanced Performance Index (HBPI and LBPI, respectively). Each group was further stratified into six plots, with similar BW, resulting in four heifers per replication group. Data from the five measurement days were averaged for individual cows to analyse the dry matter intake, nitrogen intake and nitrogen excretion. The statistical model included the treatment effect of BPI (H and L) and means were analysed using ANOVA. The pasture quality was poor, with metabolizable energy 9.3 MJ/Kg DM and crude protein 5.9% on a DM basis. Nitrogen intake and urinary nitrogen excretion were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in HBPI compared to the LBPI. However, despite these differences, the study did not find any advantages of having HBPI heifer grazing on low quality forage in terms of BW performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Cheng
- Faculty of Science, School of Food, Agriculture and Ecosystems Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - C. L. Goulven
- Higher Institute for Agricultural Sciences, Food Industry, Horticulture and Land Management Agrocampus Ouest, Rennes, France
| | - B. R. Cullen
- Faculty of Science, School of Food, Agriculture and Ecosystems Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - C. Clark
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - P. Gregorini
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - X. Z. Sun
- The Innovation Centre of Ruminant Precision Nutrition and Smart Farming, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, China
- AgResearch Ltd., Hamilton, Waikato, New Zealand
| | - S. Talukder
- Faculty of Science, School of Food, Agriculture and Ecosystems Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Cheng L, Zhang P, Liu Y, Liu Z, Tang J, Xu L, Liu J. Multifunctional hybrid exosomes enhanced cancer chemo-immunotherapy by activating the STING pathway. Biomaterials 2023; 301:122259. [PMID: 37531777 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM) resulting from tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and regulatory T cells, immune checkpoint blockade and vaccine therapies often lead to an inadequate immune response. Recently, cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase/stimulator of interferon gene (cGAS/STING)-mediated innate immunity has emerged as a promising cancer therapeutic, as STING pathway activation could promote dendritic cells (DCs) maturation and tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cell infiltration. Herein, multifunctional hybrid exosomes for cGAS/STING activation are designed by fusing genetically engineered exosomes carrying CD47 derived from tumor cells with exosomes from M1 macrophages, which are further encapsulated with DNA-targeting agent (SN38) and STING-agonist (MnO2). The hybrid exosomes demonstrate great tumor-targeting capacity and prolong blood circulation time due to the surface decoration of CD47. At the tumor site, the hybrid exosomes induce TAMs polarization to the M1 phenotype and release SN38 to induce DNA damage and Mn2+ to stimulate cGAS/STING activation. Furthermore, the resulting multifunctional hybrid exosomes (SN/Mn@gHE) promote DCs maturation and facilitate CTL infiltration and NK cell recruitment to the tumor region, leading to significant anti-tumor and antimetastatic efficacy. Our study suggests a novel strategy to enhance cancer immunotherapy by activating the STING pathway and ameliorating ITM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Cheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, PR China
| | - Yadong Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, PR China
| | - Zhuoyin Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, PR China
| | - Junjie Tang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, PR China
| | - Langtao Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, PR China.
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21
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Xu QY, Tian M, Lu M, Lu MP, Liu Y, Wang JF, Cheng L. [Research advances on allergen component-resolved diagnosis in respiratory allergic diseases]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:1324-1335. [PMID: 37743291 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220929-00937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Allergen component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) is an emerging molecular diagnostic technology, which can further clarify the protein profile of allergen components in allergic patients, achieve accurate detection of allergens, and have great significance and value for the precise prevention and treatment of allergic diseases. In this article, the CRD technology and its research progress in respiratory allergic diseases are introduced, and the importance of CRD in the evaluation, prevention and treatment of respiratory allergic diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital/Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou 215153, China Clinical Allergy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - M Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - M Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Suzhou Science & Technology Town Hospital/Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou 215153, China
| | - M P Lu
- Clinical Allergy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Liu
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310052, China Allergy Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - J F Wang
- Research and Development Department, Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310052, China Allergy Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - L Cheng
- Clinical Allergy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China International Centre for Allergy Research, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Tin D, Cheng L, Hata R, Shin H, Ciottone G. Clashes and crowds: protests, riots, and other mass gathering events in North America 2021-2022. Public Health 2023; 221:166-169. [PMID: 37467546 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to provide an overview of the scope and challenges of historic events and help better prepare emergency healthcare services for future similar mass gathering events. STUDY DESIGN This was a retrospective descriptive analysis of protest and conflict events in North America from 2021 to 2022. INTRODUCTION Recent protests, riots, and other conflict events in North America have highlighted the increasing challenges hospital-based and prehospital healthcare providers face. This study provides a retrospective descriptive analysis of protest and conflict events in North America from 2021 to 2022, which may aid emergency healthcare services in understanding the scope and challenges of historic events and help better prepare for future similar mass gathering events. METHODS Data collection was performed using a retrospective database search through the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) database. The ACLED database was searched using the internal database search functions for recorded events that occurred in North America from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022. Date, event type, event subtype, the country of incident, and fatality numbers were extracted. The results were exported into an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed independently by L.C., H.S., and R.H. RESULTS There were a total of 52,529 recorded events of political conflict in North America, with 30,269 events in 2021 and 29,260 in 2022. Political conflict events included protests (40,934, 68.8%), violence against civilians (11,532, 19.4%), strategic developments (2,819, 4.7%), battles (2,293, 3.9%), riots (1,909, 3.2%), and remote violence (42, 0.1%). Violence against civilians caused the highest fatalities (13,466, 82.6%), followed by battles (2,662, 16.3%), riots (111, 0.7%), strategic developments, remote violence, and protests (57, 6, and 3 respectively). CONCLUSION Mexico and the United States accounted for most of the political conflicts in North America across 2021 and 2022. In Mexico, protests and violence against civilians were the most common types of conflict, with the latter accounting for the comparatively high fatality compared with the other countries. Battles in Mexico between cartels were the most deadly political conflicts recorded in North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tin
- Disaster Medicine Fellowship, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, One Deaconess Road, WCC@, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - L Cheng
- Disaster Medicine Fellowship, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, One Deaconess Road, WCC@, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - R Hata
- Disaster Medicine Fellowship, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, One Deaconess Road, WCC@, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - H Shin
- Disaster Medicine Fellowship, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, One Deaconess Road, WCC@, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - G Ciottone
- Disaster Medicine Fellowship, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, One Deaconess Road, WCC@, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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23
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Du WL, Shen YM, Hu XH, Qin FJ, Cheng L. [Clinical effect of the giant deep inferior epigastric artery paraumbilical perforator flap in repairing the circular high-voltage electric burn wounds on the wrist]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Yu Chuang Mian Xiu Fu Za Zhi 2023; 39:527-533. [PMID: 37805767 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501225-20220719-00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of the giant deep inferior epigastric artery paraumbilical perforator flap in repairing the circular high-voltage electric burn wounds on the wrist. Methods: A retrospective observational study method was used. From September 2016 to October 2021, thirteen male patients (aged 20-43 years) with annular high voltage (10-100 kV) electrical burns on the wrist were admitted to the Beijing Jishuitan Hospital. At the early stage after injury, the patient's wrist was subjected to incision, tension reduction and debridement, with the wound area after debridement being 27 cm×16 cm-32 cm×19 cm; in 12 patients with vascular injury, the radial or ulnar artery was reconstructed by great saphenous vein transplantation, with the length of 15-25 cm; the wrist wound was repaired by free transplantation of the deep inferior epigastric artery paraumbilical perforator flap (if the wound was giant, the lower abdominal flap carrying other perforators was used), with the area of 30 cm×19 cm-35 cm×20 cm. The donor site was repaired by direct suture+skin grafting or relay flap transplantation. After surgery, the survival of flap in recipient area, as well as survival of the skin or flap in donor site were observed. During follow-up, the appearances of the flap in recipient area and the recovery of hand function, as well as the healing of donor site, occurrence of abdominal wall hernia, and scar in skin graft area were observed. Results: After surgery, all the 13 patients' paraumbilical perforator flaps survived. Among them, 3 patients had subcutaneous fat necrosis at the distal end of the wrist flap, and the wound had mild infection, which healed after re-expansion and dressing change. All the skin grafts in the donor site of 10 patients survived, and the flaps in the donor site of 3 patients survived well. The patients were followed up for 6 months to 3 years. The flaps in recipient area were in good shape, 8 cases had partial recovery of hand function, and 5 cases had loss of finger flexion function; the donor site of abdominal flap healed well with no abdominal hernia occurred, and the skin graft site had no obvious scar hyperplasia and was soft in texture. Conclusions: Early vascular reconstruction after injury, together with free transplantation of the giant deep inferior epigastric artery paraumbilical perforator flap are effective in repairing circular high-voltage electrical burn wounds on the wrist.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Du
- Department of Burns, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Y M Shen
- Department of Burns, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
| | - X H Hu
- Department of Burns, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
| | - F J Qin
- Department of Burns, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
| | - L Cheng
- Department of Burns, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China
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Huang Y, Han Q, Peng X, Ren B, Li J, Zhou X, Li M, Cheng L. Disaggregated Nano-Hydroxyapatite (DnHAP) with Inhibitory Effects on Biofilms and Demineralization. J Dent Res 2023:220345231162349. [PMID: 37283034 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231162349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) is considered a biocompatible agent that promotes the remineralization of dental hard tissue; however, its antibacterial efficacy is under scientific discussion. Therefore, this investigation aimed to specify the inhibitory effects of disaggregated nano-hydroxyapatite (DnHAP) on regrown biofilms and demineralization. Regrown biofilm models of single-species (Streptococcus mutans), dual-species (S. mutans and Candida albicans), and saliva-derived microcosm biofilms were established in vitro. Repeat treatment with DnHAP was applied to biofilms. The viability, lactic acid, biofilm structure, biomass, the inhibitory effect of demineralization, and virulence factors' expression were determined. In addition, the biofilm microbial community was analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. DnHAP inhibited metabolism, lactic acid production, biomass, and water-insoluble polysaccharide production (P < 0.05) of regrown single/dual-species biofilms. Concerning the saliva-derived biofilms, samples treated with DnHAP showed lower biofilm metabolic activity without significant differences from samples treated with sterile deionized water (P > 0.05); in addition, saliva-derived biofilms treated with DnHAP exhibited lower lactic acid production (P < 0.05). The demineralization of bovine enamel was the lowest in the DnHAP group, as detected by transverse microradiography, and the lesion depth and volume decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The application of DnHAP did not change the diversity of regrown saliva-derived microcosm biofilms. In conclusion, this investigation showed that DnHAP could be a promising solution for the management of regrown biofilms to combat dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Center of Stomatology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Q Han
- Department of Oral Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - B Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - J Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - M Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - L Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Liu MF, Ma RX, Cao XB, Zhang H, Zhou SH, Jiang WH, Jiang Y, Sun JW, Yang QT, Li XZ, Sun YN, Shi L, Wang M, Song XC, Chen FQ, Zhang XS, Wei HQ, Yu SQ, Zhu DD, Ba L, Cao ZW, Xiao XP, Wei X, Lin ZH, Chen FH, Shan CG, Wang GK, Ye J, Qu SH, Zhao CQ, Wang ZL, Li HB, Liu F, Cui XB, Ye SN, Liu Z, Xu Y, Cai X, Hang W, Zhang RX, Zhao YL, Yu GD, Shi GG, Lu MP, Shen Y, Zhao YT, Pei JH, Xie SB, Yu LG, Liu YH, Gu SS, Yang YC, Cheng L, Liu JF. [Incidence and prognosis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to infection of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain: a national multi-center survey of 35 566 population]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 58:579-588. [PMID: 37339898 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20230316-00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This cross-sectional investigation aimed to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics, prognosis, and related risk factors of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain in mainland China. Methods: Data of patients with SARS-CoV-2 from December 28, 2022, to February 21, 2023, were collected through online and offline questionnaires from 45 tertiary hospitals and one center for disease control and prevention in mainland China. The questionnaire included demographic information, previous health history, smoking and alcohol drinking, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, olfactory and gustatory function before and after infection, other symptoms after infection, as well as the duration and improvement of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The self-reported olfactory and gustatory functions of patients were evaluated using the Olfactory VAS scale and Gustatory VAS scale. Results: A total of 35 566 valid questionnaires were obtained, revealing a high incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain (67.75%). Females(χ2=367.013, P<0.001) and young people(χ2=120.210, P<0.001) were more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Gender(OR=1.564, 95%CI: 1.487-1.645), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), oral health status (OR=0.881, 95%CI: 0.839-0.926), smoking history (OR=1.152, 95%CI=1.080-1.229), and drinking history (OR=0.854, 95%CI: 0.785-0.928) were correlated with the occurrence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2(above P<0.001). 44.62% (4 391/9 840) of the patients who had not recovered their sense of smell and taste also suffered from nasal congestion, runny nose, and 32.62% (3 210/9 840) suffered from dry mouth and sore throat. The improvement of olfactory and taste functions was correlated with the persistence of accompanying symptoms(χ2=10.873, P=0.001). The average score of olfactory and taste VAS scale was 8.41 and 8.51 respectively before SARS-CoV-2 infection, but decreased to3.69 and 4.29 respectively after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and recovered to 5.83and 6.55 respectively at the time of the survey. The median duration of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions was 15 days and 12 days, respectively, with 0.5% (121/24 096) of patients experiencing these dysfunctions for more than 28 days. The overall self-reported improvement rate of smell and taste dysfunctions was 59.16% (14 256/24 096). Gender(OR=0.893, 95%CI: 0.839-0.951), SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.164-1.530), history of head and facial trauma(OR=1.180, 95%CI: 1.036-1.344, P=0.013), nose (OR=1.104, 95%CI: 1.042-1.171, P=0.001) and oral (OR=1.162, 95%CI: 1.096-1.233) health status, smoking history(OR=0.765, 95%CI: 0.709-0.825), and the persistence of accompanying symptoms (OR=0.359, 95%CI: 0.332-0.388) were correlated with the recovery of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to SARS-CoV-2 (above P<0.001 except for the indicated values). Conclusion: The incidence of olfactory and taste dysfunctions related to infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain is high in mainland China, with females and young people more likely to develop these dysfunctions. Active and effective intervention measures may be required for cases that persist for a long time. The recovery of olfactory and taste functions is influenced by several factors, including gender, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination status, history of head and facial trauma, nasal and oral health status, smoking history, and persistence of accompanying symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Liu
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - R X Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Yinchuan, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - X B Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650100, China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - S H Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - W H Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - J W Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Q T Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - X Z Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Y N Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - L Shi
- Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250299, China
| | - M Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100032, China
| | - X C Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, China
| | - F Q Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - X S Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - H Q Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - S Q Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - D D Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - L Ba
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xizang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Lasa 850000, China
| | - Z W Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - X P Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410005, China
| | - X Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Z H Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - F H Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - C G Shan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - G K Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - J Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - S H Qu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Nanning 530021, China
| | - C Q Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Affiliated Second Hospital, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Z L Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - H B Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - F Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - X B Cui
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, China
| | - S N Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Z Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - X Cai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810000, China
| | - W Hang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - R X Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Y L Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - G D Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - G G Shi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - M P Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Y T Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Yinchuan, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - J H Pei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650100, China
| | - S B Xie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - L G Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Y H Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - S S Gu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Y C Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - L Cheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J F Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
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Zhang G, Yang X, Kang W, Liu T, Cheng L, Qu M, Wang X, Tang H. Pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake for high-risk men who have sex with men in China: a multi-city cross-sectional survey. AIDS Res Ther 2023; 20:32. [PMID: 37268970 DOI: 10.1186/s12981-023-00528-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a proven biomedical strategy to prevent HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM). Despite oral PrEP is safe and effective in MSM, the use of PrEP has been discouraging, especially in high-risk MSM. And there are no relevant studies showing the use of PrEP in high-risk MSM. The purpose of this study was to get the rate of PrEP use and the factors influencing PrEP use among high-risk MSM. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted through an electronic questionnaire on the "i guardian Platform", and "snowballing" method was used to recruit MSM in six cities in China, including Beijing, Shenzhen, Chengdu, Changsha, Jinan and Nanjing in China, from January to April 2021. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the factors associated with the use of PrEP among high-risk MSM who had heard about PrEP. RESULTS Among the 1865 high-risk MSM who had heard of PrEP, the rates of those who were willing to use PrEP, had knowledge awareness of PrEP, and had used PrEP were 96.7%, 24.7%, and 22.4%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of PrEP use in high-risk MSM showed that more PrEP was used by those who were 26 years or older (OR = 1.86, 95%CI 1.17 ~ 2.99), had master degree or above (OR = 2.37, 95% CI 1.21 ~ 4.72), had unstable work (OR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.16 ~ 2.96), had tested five or more HIV times in the past year (OR = 3.09, 95% CI 1.65 ~ 6.04), had consulted PrEP (OR = 22.05, 95% CI 14.87 ~ 33.91) and had PrEP knowledge awareness (OR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.41 ~ 2.55) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The rate of PrEP use in high-risk MSM was relatively low. PrEP was used more by high-risk MSM with unstable jobs, higher education, frequent HIV testing, and PrEP counseling. Public education on PrEP for MSM should continue to be enhanced to help them use PrEP in a timely and accurate manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Zhang
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 10226, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, China
| | - Wenting Kang
- Chinese Association of STD and AIDS Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Chinese Health Education Center, Beijing, 100011, China
| | - Lili Cheng
- Chinese Association of STD and AIDS Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Meixia Qu
- Chinese Association of STD and AIDS Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xinlun Wang
- Chinese Association of STD and AIDS Prevention and Control, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Houlin Tang
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 10226, China.
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27
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Aguilar M, Ali Cavasonza L, Alpat B, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Bagwell C, Barao F, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battiston R, Belyaev N, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindi V, Bollweg K, Bolster J, Borchiellini M, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Burger WJ, Cai XD, Capell M, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen GM, Chen GR, Chen H, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Chouridou S, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Dass A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Di Felice V, Díaz C, Dimiccoli F, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Faldi F, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Gámez C, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gervasi M, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Guracho AN, Haino S, Han KC, Hashmani RK, He ZH, Heber B, Hsieh TH, Hu JY, Huang BW, Incagli M, Jang WY, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Karagöz G, Khiali B, Kim GN, Kirn T, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Krasnopevtsev D, Kuhlman A, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, LaVecchia G, Lazzizzera I, Lee HT, Lee SC, Li HL, Li JQ, Li M, Li M, Li Q, Li Q, Li QY, Li S, Li SL, Li JH, Li ZH, Liang J, Liang MJ, Lin CH, Lippert T, Liu JH, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo JZ, Luo SD, Luo X, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Marquardt J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Medvedeva T, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mikhailov VV, Molero M, Mott P, Mussolin L, Negrete J, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Ocampo-Peleteiro J, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Ottupara MA, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Paniccia M, Pashnin A, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Plyaskin V, Poluianov S, Qin X, Qu ZY, Quadrani L, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Reina Conde A, Robyn E, Romaneehsen L, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Schael S, Schultz von Dratzig A, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Siedenburg T, Song JW, Song XJ, Sonnabend R, Strigari L, Su T, Sun Q, Sun ZT, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tian J, Tian Y, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Urban T, Usoskin I, Vagelli V, Vainio R, Valencia-Otero M, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang CX, Wang L, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Wei J, Weng ZL, Wu H, Wu Y, Xiao JN, Xiong RQ, Xiong XZ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang HT, Yang Y, Yashin II, Yelland A, Yi H, You YH, Yu YM, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang FZ, Zhang J, Zhang JH, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zheng C, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zuccon P. Properties of Cosmic-Ray Sulfur and Determination of the Composition of Primary Cosmic-Ray Carbon, Neon, Magnesium, and Sulfur: Ten-Year Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:211002. [PMID: 37295095 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.211002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report the properties of primary cosmic-ray sulfur (S) in the rigidity range 2.15 GV to 3.0 TV based on 0.38×10^{6} sulfur nuclei collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment (AMS). We observed that above 90 GV the rigidity dependence of the S flux is identical to the rigidity dependence of Ne-Mg-Si fluxes, which is different from the rigidity dependence of the He-C-O-Fe fluxes. We found that, similar to N, Na, and Al cosmic rays, over the entire rigidity range, the traditional primary cosmic rays S, Ne, Mg, and C all have sizeable secondary components, and the S, Ne, and Mg fluxes are well described by the weighted sum of the primary silicon flux and the secondary fluorine flux, and the C flux is well described by the weighted sum of the primary oxygen flux and the secondary boron flux. The primary and secondary contributions of the traditional primary cosmic-ray fluxes of C, Ne, Mg, and S (even Z elements) are distinctly different from the primary and secondary contributions of the N, Na, and Al (odd Z elements) fluxes. The abundance ratio at the source for S/Si is 0.167±0.006, for Ne/Si is 0.833±0.025, for Mg/Si is 0.994±0.029, and for C/O is 0.836±0.025. These values are determined independent of cosmic-ray propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Ali Cavasonza
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - B Alpat
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - G Ambrosi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Arruda
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Attig
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C Bagwell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Barao
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L Barrin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - S Başeğmez-du Pree
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - R Battiston
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - N Belyaev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bertucci
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - V Bindi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K Bollweg
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - J Bolster
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Borchiellini
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - B Borgia
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M J Boschini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Bourquin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - E F Bueno
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - J Burger
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - X D Cai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Capell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Casaus
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Y H Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - G M Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - G R Chen
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Chen
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y Chen
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Cheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Y Chou
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S Chouridou
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - V Choutko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C H Chung
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Clark
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Coignet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C Consolandi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Contin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Z Cui
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - K Dadzie
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Dass
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - C Delgado
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M B Demirköz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - L Derome
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - V Di Felice
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - P von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Dong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - F Donnini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Duranti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Egorov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Eline
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Faldi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Feng
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - E Fiandrini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Fisher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Formato
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Gámez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R J García-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - C Gargiulo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - H Gast
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| | - M Gervasi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
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| | - F Giovacchini
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| | - D M Gómez-Coral
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Gong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - C Goy
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - V Grabski
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| | - D Grandi
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| | - M Graziani
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| | | | - S Haino
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| | - K C Han
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - R K Hashmani
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Z H He
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - B Heber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T H Hsieh
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Y Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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| | - B W Huang
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| | - M Incagli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - W Y Jang
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| | - Yi Jia
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| | - H Jinchi
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| | - G Karagöz
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| | - B Khiali
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| | - G N Kim
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| | - Th Kirn
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| | - O Kounina
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| | - A Kounine
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| | - V Koutsenko
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| | - D Krasnopevtsev
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| | - A Kuhlman
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| | - A Kulemzin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G La Vacca
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
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| | - E Laudi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G Laurenti
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| | - G LaVecchia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - I Lazzizzera
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- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - H T Lee
- Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S C Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - H L Li
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - M Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - M Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Q Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Y Li
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S L Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J H Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Liang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - M J Liang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - T Lippert
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J H Liu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - S Q Lu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - K Luebelsmeyer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Z Luo
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - S D Luo
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - F Machate
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Mañá
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marín
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marquardt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T Martin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Masi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Maurin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - T Medvedeva
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Menchaca-Rocha
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - Q Meng
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - V V Mikhailov
- NRNU MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - M Molero
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - P Mott
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - L Mussolin
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Negrete
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - N Nikonov
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | | | - J Ocampo-Peleteiro
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Oliva
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Orcinha
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M A Ottupara
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - M Palermo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Palmonari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Paniccia
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Pashnin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pauluzzi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Pensotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - V Plyaskin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Poluianov
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - X Qin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Y Qu
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Quadrani
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P G Rancoita
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - D Rapin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | | | - E Robyn
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - L Romaneehsen
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - A Rozhkov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Rozza
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - R Sagdeev
- East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Schael
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - G Schwering
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E S Seo
- IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - B S Shan
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - T Siedenburg
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J W Song
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - X J Song
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - R Sonnabend
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Strigari
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - T Su
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Sun
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z T Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Tacconi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - X W Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z C Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Tian
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Y Tian
- Zhejiang University (ZJU), Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Samuel C C Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S M Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Tomassetti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Torsti
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - I Usoskin
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| | - V Vagelli
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| | - R Vainio
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| | - E Valente
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| | - E Valtonen
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| | - M Vázquez Acosta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Vecchi
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| | - M Velasco
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| | - J P Vialle
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| | - C X Wang
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| | - L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - L Q Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - N H Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - S Wang
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| | - X Wang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Yu Wang
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| | - Z M Wang
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| | - J Wei
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- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z L Weng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Wu
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Y Wu
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J N Xiao
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| | - H T Yang
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| | - Y Yang
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| | - A Yelland
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| | - H Yi
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| | - Y M Yu
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| | - Z Q Yu
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| | - M Zannoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Z Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J H Zhang
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - C Zheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z M Zheng
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Zichichi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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| | - P Zuccon
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
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Zhou H, Wang XK, Liu SQ, Cheng L, Liu K, Pan ZH, Li YR, Hao XJ, Sheng D, Wang YM. Signal-processing electronics for stable and sensitive weak-field atomic vector magnetometers. Rev Sci Instrum 2023; 94:2887618. [PMID: 37125856 DOI: 10.1063/5.0150256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We present the electronics developed for a sensitive and stable atomic vector magnetometer used in low-field detections. These electronics are required to be not only highly reliable and sophisticated for signal processing but also compact in size and low cost in resource consumption for the purpose of miniaturization. In addition, this magnetometer works with multiple modulations, where the interferences between harmonics of modulation fields often disturb the long-term measurements of the sensor. We work out a robust method to eliminate this problem by choosing the modulation frequencies with separations to match the minimum response points of the low-pass filters used in the demodulation processes. We validate the performance of the electronics and the frequency-selection scheme of the modulation fields with corresponding experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhou
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - X-K Wang
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - S-Q Liu
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - L Cheng
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, and Deep Space Exploration Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Hefei 230026, China
| | - K Liu
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, and Deep Space Exploration Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Z-H Pan
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, and Deep Space Exploration Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Y-R Li
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, and Deep Space Exploration Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Hefei 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - X-J Hao
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, and Deep Space Exploration Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Hefei 230026, China
| | - D Sheng
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Y-M Wang
- School of Earth and Space Sciences, and Deep Space Exploration Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Hefei 230026, China
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Aguilar M, Cavasonza LA, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Bagwell C, Barao F, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battiston R, Behlmann M, Belyaev N, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindi V, Bollweg K, Bolster J, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Burger WJ, Burmeister S, Cai XD, Capell M, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen GM, Chen GR, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Chouridou S, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Dass A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Di Felice V, Díaz C, Dimiccoli F, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Faldi F, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Freeman C, Gámez C, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gervasi M, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Guracho AN, Haino S, Han KC, Hashmani RK, He ZH, Heber B, Hsieh TH, Hu JY, Incagli M, Jang WY, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Karagöz G, Khiali B, Kim GN, Kirn T, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Krasnopevtsev D, Kuhlman A, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, LaVecchia G, Lazzizzera I, Lee HT, Lee SC, Li HL, Li JQ, Li M, Li Q, Li QY, Li S, Li SL, Li JH, Li ZH, Liang J, Liang MJ, Light C, Lin CH, Lippert T, Liu JH, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo JZ, Luo X, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Marquardt J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Medvedeva T, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mikhailov VV, Molero M, Mott P, Mussolin L, Negrete J, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Ocampo-Peleteiro J, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Paniccia M, Pashnin A, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Plyaskin V, Pohl M, Poluianov S, Qin X, Qu ZY, Quadrani L, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Conde AR, Robyn E, Rosier-Lees S, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Schael S, von Dratzig AS, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Siedenburg T, Song JW, Song XJ, Sonnabend R, Strigari L, Su T, Sun Q, Sun ZT, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tian J, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Urban T, Usoskin I, Vagelli V, Vainio R, Valencia-Otero M, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang CX, Wang L, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Wei J, Weng ZL, Wu H, Xiong RQ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang Y, Yashin II, Yelland A, Yi H, Yu YM, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang FZ, Zhang JH, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zheng C, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zuccon P. Temporal Structures in Electron Spectra and Charge Sign Effects in Galactic Cosmic Rays. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:161001. [PMID: 37154630 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.161001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We present the precision measurements of 11 years of daily cosmic electron fluxes in the rigidity interval from 1.00 to 41.9 GV based on 2.0×10^{8} electrons collected with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) aboard the International Space Station. The electron fluxes exhibit variations on multiple timescales. Recurrent electron flux variations with periods of 27 days, 13.5 days, and 9 days are observed. We find that the electron fluxes show distinctly different time variations from the proton fluxes. Remarkably, a hysteresis between the electron flux and the proton flux is observed with a significance of greater than 6σ at rigidities below 8.5 GV. Furthermore, significant structures in the electron-proton hysteresis are observed corresponding to sharp structures in both fluxes. This continuous daily electron data provide unique input to the understanding of the charge sign dependence of cosmic rays over an 11-year solar cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Ali Cavasonza
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - G Ambrosi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - L Arruda
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - N Attig
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C Bagwell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Barao
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L Barrin
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | | | - S Başeğmez-du Pree
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - R Battiston
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - M Behlmann
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Belyaev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Berdugo
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bertucci
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - V Bindi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K Bollweg
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - J Bolster
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Borgia
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - M J Boschini
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Bourquin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - E F Bueno
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - J Burger
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - S Burmeister
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - X D Cai
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Capell
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Casaus
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Y H Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - G M Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - G R Chen
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y Chen
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Cheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - H Y Chou
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S Chouridou
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - V Choutko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C H Chung
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Clark
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Coignet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C Consolandi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Contin
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Corti
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Z Cui
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - K Dadzie
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Dass
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - C Delgado
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M B Demirköz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - L Derome
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - V Di Felice
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - P von Doetinchem
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Dong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - F Donnini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Duranti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Egorov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Eline
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Faldi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Feng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Fiandrini
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Fisher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Formato
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - C Freeman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C Gámez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R J García-López
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - C Gargiulo
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - H Gast
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Gervasi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - F Giovacchini
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - D M Gómez-Coral
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - J Gong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - C Goy
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - V Grabski
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - D Grandi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Graziani
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | | | - S Haino
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - K C Han
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - R K Hashmani
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Z H He
- Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - B Heber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T H Hsieh
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Y Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Incagli
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - W Y Jang
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Yi Jia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Jinchi
- National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (NCSIST), Longtan, Tao Yuan 32546, Taiwan
| | - G Karagöz
- Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - B Khiali
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - G N Kim
- CHEP, Kyungpook National University, 41566 Daegu, Korea
| | - Th Kirn
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - O Kounina
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kounine
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - V Koutsenko
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Krasnopevtsev
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kuhlman
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - A Kulemzin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G La Vacca
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - E Laudi
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - G Laurenti
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - G LaVecchia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - I Lazzizzera
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - H T Lee
- Academia Sinica Grid Center (ASGC), Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - S C Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - H L Li
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - M Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Q Li
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Q Y Li
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - S Li
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S L Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J H Li
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z H Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Liang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - M J Liang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - C Light
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - C H Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - T Lippert
- Jülich Supercomputing Centre and JARA-FAME, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J H Liu
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - S Q Lu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - K Luebelsmeyer
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Z Luo
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - F Machate
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Mañá
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marín
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Marquardt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Alberts-Universität zu Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - T Martin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - G Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - N Masi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - D Maurin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - T Medvedeva
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Menchaca-Rocha
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, 01000 Mexico
| | - Q Meng
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - V V Mikhailov
- NRNU MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - M Molero
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - P Mott
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - L Mussolin
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Negrete
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - N Nikonov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - J Ocampo-Peleteiro
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Oliva
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Orcinha
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Palermo
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - F Palmonari
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - M Paniccia
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - A Pashnin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pauluzzi
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - S Pensotti
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - V Plyaskin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Pohl
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - S Poluianov
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - X Qin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Y Qu
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Quadrani
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P G Rancoita
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - D Rapin
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | | | - E Robyn
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - S Rosier-Lees
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - A Rozhkov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D Rozza
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - R Sagdeev
- East-West Center for Space Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Schael
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - G Schwering
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E S Seo
- IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - B S Shan
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - T Siedenburg
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J W Song
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - X J Song
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - R Sonnabend
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Strigari
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - T Su
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Sun
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z T Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Tacconi
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - X W Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Z C Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - J Tian
- INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - Samuel C C Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - S M Ting
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - N Tomassetti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Università di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - J Torsti
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - T Urban
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration Johnson Space Center (JSC), Houston, Texas 77058, USA
| | - I Usoskin
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory and Space Physics and Astronomy Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - V Vagelli
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06100 Perugia, Italy
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - R Vainio
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Valencia-Otero
- Physics Department and Center for High Energy and High Field Physics, National Central University (NCU), Tao Yuan 32054, Taiwan
| | - E Valente
- INFN Sezione di Roma 1, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Università di Roma La Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Valtonen
- Space Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Vázquez Acosta
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain and Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - M Vecchi
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - M Velasco
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J P Vialle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LAPP-IN2P3, 74000 Annecy, France
| | - C X Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - L Q Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - N H Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q L Wang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering (IEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - S Wang
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - X Wang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z M Wang
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J Wei
- DPNC, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z L Weng
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Wu
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - R Q Xiong
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - W Xu
- Shandong University (SDU), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Q Yan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - I I Yashin
- NRNU MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409 Russia
| | - A Yelland
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Yi
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Y M Yu
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Z Q Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Zannoni
- INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Università di Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - C Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Z Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - J H Zhang
- Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing 100049, China
| | - C Zheng
- Shandong Institute of Advanced Technology (SDIAT), Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Z M Zheng
- Beihang University (BUAA), Beijing 100191, China
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - V Zhukov
- I. Physics Institute and JARA-FAME, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Zichichi
- INFN Sezione di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - P Zuccon
- INFN TIFPA, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Università di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
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Yuan Y, Jin A, Neal B, Feng X, Qiao Q, Wang H, Zhang R, Li J, Duan P, Cao L, Zhang H, Hu S, Li H, Gao P, Xie G, Yuan J, Cheng L, Wang S, Zhang H, Niu W, Fang H, Zhao M, Gao R, Chen J, Elliott P, Labarthe D, Wu Y. Salt substitution and salt-supply restriction for lowering blood pressure in elderly care facilities: a cluster-randomized trial. Nat Med 2023; 29:973-981. [PMID: 37055566 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02286-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
There is a paucity of high-quality evidence on the effectiveness and safety of salt reduction strategies, particularly for older people, who have the most to benefit but are at higher risk of adverse effects. Here, we conducted a clinical trial in which 48 residential elderly care facilities in China (1,612 participants including 1,230 men and 382 women, 55 years or older) were cluster-randomized using a 2 × 2 factorial design to provision of salt substitute (62.5% NaCl and 25% KCl) versus usual salt and to a progressively restricted versus usual supply of salt or salt substitute for 2 years. Salt substitute compared with usual salt lowered systolic blood pressure (-7.1 mmHg, 95% confidence interval (CI) -10.5 to -3.8), meeting the primary outcome of the trial, whereas restricted supply compared with usual supply of salt or salt substitute had no effect on systolic blood pressure. Salt substitute also lowered diastolic blood pressure (-1.9 mmHg, 95% CI -3.6 to -0.2) and resulted in fewer cardiovascular events (hazard ratio (HR) 0.60, 95% CI 0.38-0.96), but had no effect on total mortality (HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.63-1.13). From a safety standpoint, salt substitute increased mean serum potassium and led to more frequent biochemical hyperkalemia, but was not associated with adverse clinical outcomes. In contrast, salt restriction had no effect on any study outcome. The results of this trial indicate that use of salt substitute, but not efforts to restrict salt supply, may achieve blood pressure lowering and deliver health benefits to residents of elderly care facilities in China. Clinicaltrials.gov registration: NCT03290716.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
- Peking University Clinical Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Aoming Jin
- Peking University Clinical Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bruce Neal
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Qianku Qiao
- Yangcheng Ophthalmic Hospital, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Hohhot Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ruijuan Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- Peking University Clinical Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - La'e Cao
- Yangcheng Ophthalmic Hospital, Shanxi, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Hohhot Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Senke Hu
- Department of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- Peking University Clinical Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Gaoqiang Xie
- Peking University Clinical Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Lili Cheng
- Yangcheng Ophthalmic Hospital, Shanxi, China
| | - Sujuan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Hohhot Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Haijun Zhang
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyi Niu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Fang
- China Center for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Minghui Zhao
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Runlin Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junshi Chen
- China National Food Safety Risk Assessment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Paul Elliott
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Research Excellence, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Darwin Labarthe
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yangfeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China.
- Peking University Clinical Research Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
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31
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Cheng L, Yu X, Huang D, Wang H, Wu Y. Piezocatalytic performance of Fe2O3−Bi2MoO6 catalyst for dye degradation. Front Chem Sci Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2265-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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Hethcox C, Johnson HC, Kim J, Wang X, Cheng L, Cao Y, Tan M, DiRocco DA, Ji Y. Nickel-Catalyzed Sulfonylation of Aryl Bromides Enabled by Potassium Metabisulfite as a Uniquely Effective SO2 Surrogate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217623. [PMID: 36897277 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The development and mechanistic investigation of a nickel-catalyzed sulfonylation of aryl bromides is disclosed. The reaction proceeds in good yields for a variety of substrates and utilizes an inexpensive, stench-free, inorganic sulfur salt (K2S2O5) as a uniquely effective SO2 surrogate. The active oxidative addition complex was synthesized, isolated, and fully characterized by a combination of NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography analysis. The use of the isolated oxidative addition complex in both stoichiometric and catalytic reactions revealed that SO2 insertion occurs via dissolved SO2, likely released upon thermal decomposition of K2S2O5. Key to the success of the reaction is the role of K2S2O5 as a reservoir of SO2 that is slowly released, thus preventing catalyst poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Hethcox
- Merck: Merck & Co Inc, Process Research and Development, 90 E Scott Ave, 07065, Rahway, UNITED STATES
| | - Heather C Johnson
- Merck: Merck & Co Inc, Process Research and Development, UNITED STATES
| | - Jungchul Kim
- Merck & Co Inc, Process Research and Development, UNITED STATES
| | - Xiao Wang
- Merck & Co Inc, Analytical Research and Development, UNITED STATES
| | | | - Yang Cao
- Merck: Merck & Co Inc, Process Research and Development, UNITED STATES
| | - Melissa Tan
- Merck & Co Inc, Analytical Research and Development, UNITED STATES
| | | | - Yining Ji
- Merck: Merck & Co Inc, Analytical Research and Development, UNITED STATES
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Hethcox C, Johnson HC, Kim J, Wang X, Cheng L, Cao Y, Tan M, DiRocco DA, Ji Y. Nickel‐Catalyzed Sulfonylation of Aryl Bromides Enabled by Potassium Metabisulfite as a Uniquely Effective SO2 Surrogate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202217623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Hethcox
- Merck: Merck & Co Inc Process Research and Development 90 E Scott Ave 07065 Rahway UNITED STATES
| | | | - Jungchul Kim
- Merck & Co Inc Process Research and Development UNITED STATES
| | - Xiao Wang
- Merck & Co Inc Analytical Research and Development UNITED STATES
| | | | - Yang Cao
- Merck: Merck & Co Inc Process Research and Development UNITED STATES
| | - Melissa Tan
- Merck & Co Inc Analytical Research and Development UNITED STATES
| | | | - Yining Ji
- Merck: Merck & Co Inc Analytical Research and Development UNITED STATES
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Zhang X, Zhong J, Cao L, Ren C, Yu G, Gu Y, Ruan J, Zhao S, Wang L, Ru H, Cheng L, Wang Q, Zhang Y. Genome-wide characterization of aldehyde dehydrogenase gene family members in groundnut ( Arachis hypogaea) and the analysis under saline-alkali stress. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1097001. [PMID: 36875623 PMCID: PMC9978533 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1097001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Groundnut or peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is a legume crop. Its seeds are rich in protein and oil. Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH, EC: 1.2.1.3) is an important enzyme involved in detoxification of aldehyde and cellular reactive oxygen species, as well as in attenuation of lipid peroxidation-meditated cellular toxicity under stress conditions. However, few studies have been identified and analyzed about ALDH members in Arachis hypogaea. In the present study, 71 members of the ALDH superfamily (AhALDH) were identified using the reference genome obtained from the Phytozome database. A systematic analysis of the evolutionary relationship, motif, gene structure, cis-acting elements, collinearity, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment, and expression patterns was conducted to understand the structure and function of AhALDHs. AhALDHs exhibited tissue-specific expression, and quantitative real-time PCR identified significant differences in the expression levels of AhALDH members under saline-alkali stress. The results revealed that some AhALDHs members could be involved in response to abiotic stress. Our findings on AhALDHs provide insights for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zhang
- Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Soybean Mechanized Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, China
- Agricultural College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jingwen Zhong
- Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Soybean Mechanized Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, China
| | - Liang Cao
- Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Soybean Mechanized Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Chunyuan Ren
- Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Soybean Mechanized Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Gaobo Yu
- Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Soybean Mechanized Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yanhua Gu
- Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Soybean Mechanized Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, China
| | - Jingwen Ruan
- Agricultural College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Siqi Zhao
- Agricultural College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Soybean Mechanized Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, China
| | - Haishun Ru
- Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Soybean Mechanized Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, China
| | - Lili Cheng
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yuxian Zhang
- Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Soybean Mechanized Production, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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Cheng L, Dong Y, Liu S. Anesthetic Management of Patients With Kartagener Syndrome: A Systematic Review of 99 Cases. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2023; 37:1021-1025. [PMID: 36849313 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2023.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
KARTAGENER SYNDROME (KS) is characterized by the triad of chronic sinusitis, bronchiectasis, and situs inversus. The mirrored anatomy and respiratory infections in patients with KS patients pose great challenges for anesthetic management. The aim of this review is to summarize published cases with the hope of helping anesthesiologists perform anesthesia in patients with KS more safely. A comprehensive literature search for all cases of anesthetic management of KS patients was performed in Pubmed, EMBASE, CNKI, and Wanfang Database. The extracted data included age, sex, type of surgery, preoperative treatment, type of anesthesia, anesthetic agents, airway management, central venous catheterization, transesophageal echocardiogram, reversal of neuromuscular blockade, adverse events during the surgery, and postoperative complications. The study authors included 82 single-case reports, 3 case series, and 1 case cohort, with a total number of 99 patients. The most common surgical procedures were thoracic surgery (51.5%), which was followed by ear, nose, and throat surgery (16.5%), and general surgery (14.5%). The preoperative treatment of the patients was reported in only 20 patients, and included antibiotics, bronchodilators, steroids, chest physiotherapy, and postural drainage. General anesthesia was performed for 85.4% of the surgeries, and regional anesthesia was performed in 14.6% of the cases. For nonthoracic surgery, an endotracheal tube was the most commonly used airway device. For thoracic surgery, a double-lumen tube was the most commonly used airway device. The intraoperative process was uneventful in most patients, and most patients recovered smoothly in the postoperative course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Youjing Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shiqing Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Beijert I, Cheng L, Liedberg F, Plass K, Gontero P, Ribal M, Babjuk M, Black P, Kamat A, Algaba F, Berman D, Hartmann A, Masson-Lecomte A, Rouprêt M, Lopez-Beltran A, Shariat S, Mostafid H, Burger M, Palou J, Compérat E, Sylvester R, Van Rhijn B, Downes M. International opinions on grading of urothelial carcinoma: A survey among European Association of Urology and International Society of Urological Pathology members. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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37
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Cheng Y, Cheng L, Hu G, Guo X, Lan Y. Auxin and CmAP1 regulate the reproductive development of axillary buds in Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima). Plant Cell Rep 2023; 42:287-296. [PMID: 36528704 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02956-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Auxin accumulation upregulates the expression of APETALA1 (CmAP1) and subsequently activates inflorescence primordium development in axillary buds of chestnut. The architecture of fruiting branches is a key determinant of chestnut yield. Normally, axillary buds at the top of mother fruiting branches develop into flowering shoots and bear fruits, and the lower axillary buds develop into vegetative shoots. Decapitation of the upper axillary buds induces the lower buds to develop into flowering shoots. How decapitation modulates the tradeoff between vegetative and reproductive development is unclear. We detected inflorescence primordia within both upper and lower axillary buds on mother fruiting branches. The level of the phytohormones 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) and trans-zeatin (tZ) increased in the lower axillary buds in response to decapitation. Exogenous application of the synthetic analogues 1-naphthylacetic acid (NAA) or 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) blocked or promoted, respectively, the development of the inflorescence primordia in axillary buds. The transcript levels of the floral identity gene CmAP1 increased in axillary buds following decapitation. An auxin response element TGA-box is present in the CmAP1 promoter and influenced the CmAP1 promoter-driven expression of β-glucuronidase (GUS) in floral organs in Arabidopsis, suggesting that CmAP1 is induced by auxin. We propose that decapitation releases axillary bud outgrowth from inhibition caused by apical dominance. During this process, decapitation-induced accumulation of auxin induces CmAP1 expression, subsequently promoting the reproductive development of axillary buds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Cheng
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Chestnut of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Ruiwangfeng No. 12, Haidian, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Lili Cheng
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Chestnut of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Ruiwangfeng No. 12, Haidian, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Guanglong Hu
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Chestnut of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Ruiwangfeng No. 12, Haidian, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Xiaomeng Guo
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanping Lan
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Chestnut of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Ruiwangfeng No. 12, Haidian, Beijing, 100093, China.
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38
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Lorimer C, Cheng L, Chandler R, Garcez K, Gill V, Graham K, Grant W, Sardo Infirri S, Wadsley J, Wall L, Webber N, Wong KH, Newbold K. Dabrafenib and Trametinib Therapy for Advanced Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer - Real-World Outcomes From UK Centres. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2023; 35:e60-e66. [PMID: 36379836 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2022.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare but aggressive form of thyroid cancer with a median survival of 4 months. Recent advances in molecular profiling have shown that up to half of ATCs harbour the BRAF-V600E mutation. The aim of this study was to provide real-world data and experience on the use of combination therapy dabrafenib and trametinib in patients with BRAF-V600E-mutated advanced ATC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively evaluated patients with confirmed BRAF-V600E-mutated ATC, defined as patients with locally advanced or metastatic ATC with no locoregional, radical treatment options. Outcomes measured were overall survival, progression-free survival, response rate, discontinuation rate, dose reduction rate and toxicity data. RESULTS Seventeen patients were evaluated and the mean age was 68 years. Ten patients died by the time of censoring. The median duration of follow-up was 12 months (3-43 months). The estimated median overall survival was 6.9 months (95% confidence interval 2.46 months - upper confidence interval not reached) and the median progression-free survival was 4.7 months (95% confidence interval 1.4-7.8 months). Dose interruptions and/or reductions were common, but none of the patients had to permanently discontinue treatment because of toxicities. Severe toxicities (grades 3 and 4) were uncommon. CONCLUSIONS This study supports the indication of dabrafenib and trametinib in BRAF-V600E-mutated ATC as an effective and well-tolerated treatment in an historically difficult to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lorimer
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - L Cheng
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.
| | - R Chandler
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - K Garcez
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - V Gill
- St James's Institute of Oncology, St James's Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - K Graham
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - W Grant
- Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cheltenham General Hospital, Cheltenham, UK
| | | | - J Wadsley
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield, UK
| | - L Wall
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - N Webber
- University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - K H Wong
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - K Newbold
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
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Chen B, Zhang X, Cheng L, Chen X, Tang J, Zhang P, Wang C, Liu J. Surface programmed bacteria as photo-controlled NO generator for tumor immunological and gas therapy. J Control Release 2023; 353:889-902. [PMID: 36528194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The use of bacteria as living vehicles has attracted increasing attentions in tumor therapy field. The combination of functional materials with bacteria dramatically facilitates the antitumor effect. Here, we presented a rationally designed living system formed by programmed Escherichia Coli MG1655 cells (Ec) and black phosphorus (BP) nanoparticles (NPs). The bacteria were genetically engineered to express tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), via an outer membrane YiaT protein (Ec-T). The Ec-T cells were associated with BP NPs on their surface to acquire BP@Ec-T. The designed living system could transfer the photoelectrons produced by BP NPs after laser irradiation and triggered the reductive metabolism of nitrate to nitric oxide for the in situ release at tumor sites, facilitating the therapeutic efficacy and the polarization of tumor associated macrophages to M1 phenotype. Meanwhile, the generation of reactive oxygen species induced the immunogenic cell death to further improve the antitumor efficacy. Additionally, the living system enhanced the immunological effect by promoting the apoptosis of tumor cells, activating the effect of T lymphocytes and releasing the pro-inflammatory cytokines. The integration of BP NPs, MG1655 cells and TRAIL led to an effective tumor therapy. Our work established an approach for the multifunctional antitumor living therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baizhu Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, PR China
| | - Xiaoge Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, PR China
| | - Lili Cheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, PR China
| | - Junjie Tang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, PR China.
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Jiang C, Cheng L, Li C, Zheng L. A hydrochemical and multi-isotopic study of groundwater sulfate origin and contribution in the coal mining area. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 248:114286. [PMID: 36371885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Coal mining cities are universally confronted with the degradation of groundwater quality, and the sulfate pollution of groundwater has become a widely studied environmental problem. In this study, we combined multi-isotope (δ34S, δ18O-SO42- and 87Sr/86Sr) approach with hydrochemical technique and a Bayesian mixed model to clarify sources and transformations and to quantitatively assess the contribution of sulfate from potential sources. The concentrations of SO42- in groundwater ranged from 7.7 mg/L to 172.9 mg/L, and the high-value areas were located in coal mining area and residential area. The total values of δ34S and δ18O-SO42- varied from 10.6‰ to 26.9‰ and 6.9‰ to 14.1‰, respectively, in the groundwater. Analyses of SO42- and Sr isotopes and water chemistry indicated that SO42- in groundwater originated from various sources, such as atmospheric precipitation, sulfide mineral oxidation, evaporite dissolution, sewage and mine drainage. The oxidation of pyrite and bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) had no significant impact on the stable isotopes of groundwater. At the same time, the calculation results of the Bayesian mixed model showed that the sources of SO42- in groundwater mainly include evaporite dissolution in aquifer and mine drainage in the mixture of shallow and deep groundwater, with high contribution proportions of 39.8 ± 10.9% and 31.9 ± 5.7%, respectively, while the contributions of sewage (13.9 ± 8.5%), atmospheric precipitation (9.6 ± 8.6%) and the oxidation of sulfide (4.7 ± 3.3%) to SO42- were lower. The research results revealed the source of SO42- pollution in shallow groundwater in the coal mine area and provided an important scientific basis for the effective management and protection of groundwater resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlu Jiang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Lili Cheng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Chang Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Liugen Zheng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
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Ren Q, Chu Z, Cheng L, Cheng H. [Characteristics and significance of outer retinal thickness changes in reticular macular disease]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2022; 58:1024-1032. [PMID: 36480883 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20220430-00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the characteristics and significance of changes in the thickness of the outer retinal layer (ORL) outside the macula in patients with reticular macular disease (RMD). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. The clinical data of patients who visited the Department of Ophthalmology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from February to September 2019 were retrospectively collected. Thirty-one patients with at least one eye (54 eyes in total) diagnosed with early/mid-stage age-related macular degeneration (AMD) were consecutively included in the AMD group, and 33 patients with at least one eye (64 eyes in total) showing subretinal wart-like deposits on optical coherence tomography images were consecutively included in the RMD group. Thirty-two volunteers aged between 50 to 90 years with a normal fundus in both eyes (64 eyes in total) were consecutively included in the healthy control (HC) group. Frequency domain optical coherence tomography was applied to examine and analyze the thickness features of the ORL, inner retinal layer and choroid at the macular fovea (F), 2 mm of the temporal edge (T), the nasal edge (N), the superior edge (S) and inferior edge (I) of the macular fovea in each group. The correlations of the thickness of ORL with the choroidal thickness and the blood flow density of the choriocapillaris layer in patients with RMD were also analyzed. Results: The thickness of ORL at the F, T, S and I sites in the RMD group was significantly thinner than that in the AMD and HC groups. The difference was most obvious at the F site [(90.27±8.93), (98.04±11.7) and (97.19±7.02)μm] in the RMD, AMD and HC groups, respectively; all P<0.01). In the logistic regression model with independent variables of the ORL thickness at the macular F site, gender and age, there was a significant association between the thickness of ORL at the F site and the incidence of RMD (odds ratio=0.926, P<0.05). The ORL and choroid in the eyes of patients with RMD were significantly thinner at the F site [(90.27±8.93) and (163.21±72.43) μm, respectively; both P<0.01] compared with the AMD [(98.04±11.7) and (235.34±64.15) μm, respectively] and HC [(97.19±7.02) and (240.08±62.27) μm, respectively] groups. However, the ORL and choroidal thickness did not show significant and strong linear correlations at multiple sites. In contrast, there was a significant linear correlation between the blood flow density of the choriocapillaris layer and the thickness of ORL at the F, T and S sites in patients with RMD (r=0.487, 0.722, 0.467, respectively; all P<0.05). Conclusions: The thickness of ORL outside the macula of eyes with RMD is thinner than that of healthy eyes and eyes with early/mid-stage AMD. The thinning of ORL outside the macula is related to the decrease in the blood flow density of the choriocapillaris layer in patients with RMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Ren
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Z Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - L Cheng
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - H Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Cheng L, Jiang C, Li C, Zheng L. Tracing Sulfate Source and Transformation in the Groundwater of the Linhuan Coal Mining Area, Huaibei Coalfield, China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14434. [PMID: 36361314 PMCID: PMC9656132 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mining activities cause surface sulfate enrichment, which has negative impacts on human health and ecosystems. These high concentrations of sulfate may enter groundwater through the unsaturated zone (UZ), threatening groundwater quality. Therefore, we combined hydrochemical and dual isotopic analyses of sulfate in surface water, soil water and groundwater with evaluations of the UZ to identify the groundwater sulfate source and transformation in the coal mining area. Soil profile samples were collected near gangue heaps (UZ-1, UZ-2) and the mean sulfate concentrations of the UZ-1 profile and UZ-2 profile were 35.4 mg/L and 69.63 mg/L, respectively. The shallow groundwater sulfate was mainly from dissolution of evaporite, sulfide oxidation and sewage. Different sulfate contaminated areas showed different characteristics of sulfate sources. The sulfate source to groundwater near the coal gangue heaps was sulfide oxidation. The groundwater sulfate near the gangue heaps and industrial park compound contamination area was mainly derived from industrial and domestic sewage and sulfide oxidation. In addition, the role of bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) in the groundwater was not obvious. This research result is of great significance for promoting the safe mining of coal resources and sustainable utilization of groundwater in the Huaibei coal mining area and other coal mining areas in China.
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Deng P, Cheng L, Jiang P, Zeng Z, Li A, Liao C. Sensing performance of CdPc monolayer toward the SF6 decomposition gases: A DFT study. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Gao G, Cheng L, Zhao C, Li X, Yao C, Li F, You D, Zhou C. EP08.01-035 Personalized ctDNA Detection to Monitor Outcome and Predict Immunotherapy Benefit in Locally Advanced and Metastatic NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Yeshchenko OA, Kutsevol NV, Tomchuk AV, Khort PS, Virych PA, Chumachenko VA, Kuziv YI, Marinin AI, Cheng L, Nie G. Thermoresponsive Zinc TetraPhenylPorphyrin Photosensitizer/Dextran Graft Poly(N-IsoPropylAcrylAmide) Copolymer/Au Nanoparticles Hybrid Nanosystem: Potential for Photodynamic Therapy Applications. Nanomaterials 2022; 12:nano12152655. [PMID: 35957085 PMCID: PMC9370275 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The thermoresponsive Zinc TetraPhenylPorphyrin photosensitizer/Dextran poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) graft copolymer/Au Nanoparticles (ZnTPP/D-g-PNIPAM/AuNPs) triple hybrid nanosystem was synthesized in aqueous solution as a nanodrug for potential use in thermally driven and controlled photodynamic therapy applications. The aqueous solution of the nanosystem has demonstrated excellent stability in terms of aggregation and sedimentation several days after preparation. Optimal concentrations of the components of hybrid nanosystem providing the lowest level of aggregation and the highest plasmonic enhancement of electronic processes in the photosensitizer molecules have been determined. It has been revealed that the shrinking of D-g-PNIPAM macromolecule during a thermally induced phase transition leads to the release of both ZnTPP molecules and Au NPs from the ZnTPP/D-g-PNIPAM/AuNPs macromolecule and the strengthening of plasmonic enhancement of the electronic processes in ZnTPP molecules bound with the polymer macromolecule. The 2.7-fold enhancement of singlet oxygen photogeneration under resonant with surface plasmon resonance has been observed for ZnTPP/D-g-PNIPAM/AuNPs proving the plasmon nature of such effect. The data obtained in vitro on wild strains of Staphylococcus aureus have proved the high potential of such nanosystem for rapid photodynamic inactivation of microorganisms particular in wounds or ulcers on the body surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg A. Yeshchenko
- Physics Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine; (A.V.T.); (P.S.K.)
- Correspondence: (O.A.Y.); (G.N.)
| | - Nataliya V. Kutsevol
- Chemistry Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine; (N.V.K.); (P.A.V.); (V.A.C.); (Y.I.K.)
- Institute Charles Sadron, 23 Rue du Loess, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anastasiya V. Tomchuk
- Physics Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine; (A.V.T.); (P.S.K.)
| | - Pavlo S. Khort
- Physics Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine; (A.V.T.); (P.S.K.)
| | - Pavlo A. Virych
- Chemistry Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine; (N.V.K.); (P.A.V.); (V.A.C.); (Y.I.K.)
| | - Vasyl A. Chumachenko
- Chemistry Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine; (N.V.K.); (P.A.V.); (V.A.C.); (Y.I.K.)
| | - Yulia I. Kuziv
- Chemistry Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine; (N.V.K.); (P.A.V.); (V.A.C.); (Y.I.K.)
- Institute Charles Sadron, 23 Rue du Loess, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Andrey I. Marinin
- Problem Research Laboratory, National University of Food Technology, 68 Volodymyrska Str., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine;
| | - Lili Cheng
- Guangxi Universities Key Lab of Complex System Optimization and Big Data Processing, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China;
| | - Guochao Nie
- Guangxi Universities Key Lab of Complex System Optimization and Big Data Processing, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China;
- Correspondence: (O.A.Y.); (G.N.)
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Lang J, Cheng L, Yu Z, Wu Y, Wang X. Complete $f$-Moment Convergence for Randomly Weighted Sums of Extended Negatively Dependent Random Variables and Its Statistical Application. Theory Probab Appl 2022. [DOI: 10.1137/s0040585x97t990915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Guttman-Yassky E, Pavel A, Facheris P, Correa Da Rosa J, Pagan A, Del Duca E, Estrada Y, Bissonnette R, Kumar M, Trujillo D, Rulloda J, Lee N, Ikeda S, Jankicevic J, Wustrow D, Brockstedt D, Ho W, Cheng L, Kassner P. 822 RPT193, a CCR4 inhibitor, improves the inflammatory skin transcriptomic profile in patients with atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Hu G, Cheng L, Cheng Y, Mao W, Qiao Y, Lan Y. Pan-genome analysis of three main Chinese chestnut varieties. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:916550. [PMID: 35958219 PMCID: PMC9358723 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.916550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume) is one of the earliest domesticated plants of high nutritional and ecological value, yet mechanisms of C. mollissima underlying its growth and development are poorly understood. Although individual chestnut species differ greatly, the molecular basis of the formation of their characteristic traits remains unknown. Though the draft genomes of chestnut have been previously released, the pan-genome of different variety needs to be studied. We report the genome sequence of three cultivated varieties of chestnut herein, namely Hei-Shan-Zhai-7 (H7, drought-resistant variety), Yan-Hong (YH, easy-pruning variety), and Yan-Shan-Zao-Sheng (ZS, early-maturing variety), to expedite convenience and efficiency in its genetics-based breeding. We obtained three chromosome-level chestnut genome assemblies through a combination of Oxford Nanopore technology, Illumina HiSeq X, and Hi-C mapping. The final genome assemblies are 671.99 Mb (YH), 790.99 Mb (ZS), and 678.90 Mb (H7), across 12 chromosomes, with scaffold N50 sizes of 50.50 Mb (YH), 65.05 Mb (ZS), and 52.16 Mb (H7). Through the identification of homologous genes and the cluster analysis of gene families, we found that H7, YH and ZS had 159, 131, and 91 unique gene families, respectively, and there were 13,248 single-copy direct homologous genes in the three chestnut varieties. For the convenience of research, the chestnut genome database was constructed. Based on the results of gene family identification, the presence/absence variations (PAVs) information of the three sample genes was calculated, and a total of 2,364, 2,232, and 1,475 unique genes were identified in H7, YH and ZS, respectively. Our results suggest that the GBSS II-b gene family underwent expansion in chestnut (relative to nearest source species). Overall, we developed high-quality and well-annotated genome sequences of three C. mollissima varieties, which will facilitate clarifying the molecular mechanisms underlying important traits, and shortening the breeding process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yanping Lan
- Engineering & Technology Research Center for Chestnut of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
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Cheng L, Xu J, Shi C, Wu Y, Huang H. P-606 Androgen receptor splice variant lead to PCOS with insulin resistance via IRS1/AKT signaling pathway in mice. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac107.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
How does the androgen receptor splice variant (ARSV) contribute to insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients?
Summary answer
ARSV inhibited the intracellular signaling pathway of insulin, resulting in decreased glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) translocation, impaired cellular glucose uptake, and insulin resistance.
What is known already
PCOS is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age and characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulation dysfunction, and ovarian polycystic changes. In addition, a significant proportion of PCOS patients will experience insulin resistance. Our previous study identified an ARSV in granulosa cells from PCOS patients, which may be associated with higher insulin levels in follicular fluid.
Study design, size, duration
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Participants/materials, setting, methods
Glucose metabolism of a mouse model presenting ARSV by CRISPR-Cas9 was measured by glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test. Body composition was measured by a nuclear magnetic resonance system. KGN cell lines stably overexpressing wild type androgen receptor (AR group) or ARSV (ARSV group) were successfully constructed by lentivirus infection. The process of glucose uptake by GLUT4, and the expression of target genes in the glucose uptake pathway were detected in cells.
Main results and the role of chance
The mice expressing ARSV had higher body weight and body fat content than the wild type mice, while the muscle content was equivalent.ARSV mice displayed diabetes with impaired glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance at 48 week-age. The levels of fasting glucose and insulin levels were significantly higher in ARSV mice. The basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake capacity were also found impaired in ARSV group. Immunofluorescence demonstrated that under insulin stimulation, GLUT4 protein was less expressed in the membrane and more expressed in the cytoplasm in ARSV group. Similar results were obtained by detecting the expression of GLUT4 protein after separating the cell membrane and cytoplasmic proteins. Further detection of the upstream signaling molecules of GLUT4 revealed that the phosphorylation levels of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) at Ser1101 were slightly increased in ARSV group, after stimulation with insulin and DHT. Besides, the phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B (AKT) were also found significantly decreased at Thr308 and slightly decreased at Ser473 in ARSV group. ARSV inhibited the intracellular signaling pathway of insulin by altering the phosphorylation level of IRS1/AKT signaling, resulting in decreased GLUT4 translocation, impaired cellular glucose uptake, and insulin resistance.
Limitations, reasons for caution
In this study, we failed to obtain clinical samples of PCOS to prospectively verify the association between ARSV and glucose uptake, insulin resistance, and subsequent onset diabetes.
Wider implications of the findings
This transgenic animal model can simulate the reproductive and metabolic phenotypes of PCOS patients, providing a model for future PCOS research. PCOS patients with ARSV should delay the onset of insulin resistance through lifestyle intervention, exercise, and drug therapy as early as possible.
Trial registration number
NA
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cheng
- Fudan University, Institute of Reproduction and Development- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital , Shanghai, China
| | - J.J Xu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases , Shanghai, China
| | - C.Y Shi
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases , Shanghai, China
| | - Y.T Wu
- Fudan University, Institute of Reproduction and Development- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital , Shanghai, China
| | - H.F Huang
- Fudan University, Institute of Reproduction and Development- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital , Shanghai, China
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Ye F, Huang J, Huang Z, Chen S, Liao E, Li E, Quach A, Jiang J, Lin H, Hua M, Yung S, Cheng L, Zhong Z. Abstract LB218: A safe and highly potent anti-PD-1-IL-2c fusion that decouples efficacy and toxicity of IL-2 therapy. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-lb218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is a pivotal immune agonist for tumor immunotherapy that has produced impressive clinical efficacy in a number of cancer types. Nevertheless, its pleiotropic effect has led to prohibitory side effects and immune restraint. In contrast, the PD-1 blockade-based cancer immunotherapy has a good safety profile by targeting and sustaining the activity of tumor-antigen specific T cells within cancer tissues. To take full advantage of complementary antitumor activity of PD-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and IL-2 as well as supreme intratumoral T-cell-targeting property of PD-1, a bifunctional fusion protein composed of PD-1 mAb and IL-2 mutein (αPD-1-IL-2c) is designed. IL-2c is a chimeric molecule that contains a fragment from IL-15 and does not bind to IL-2 receptor alpha (IL-2Rα). αPD-1-IL-2c stimulated greater pSTAT5 activation and proliferation in PD-1+ T cells than PD-1- T cells. αPD-1-IL-2c also induced a much stronger anti-tumor immune response compared to PD-1 mAb, IL-2c, or PD-1 mAb in combination with IL-2c in multiple syngeneic models such as B16F10, CT26, and MC38. In CT26 and MC38 models, αPD-1-IL-2c achieved complete response starting from 0.3 mg/kg dosing. In B16F10 model, αPD-1-IL-2c showed greater than 70% tumor growth inhibition (TGI). Global gene expression profiling studies showed that PD-1-IL-2c treatment significantly elevated expression levels of Cd3d, Cd3e, Cd8a, Il2rα, Cxcr3, Cxcr6, Zap70, Lck, and Pdcd1 in tumor tissues compared to treatment with PD-1 mAbs or IL-2c, indicating a specific expansion and activation of T cell in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The safety profile of αPD-1-IL-2c was assessed and compared to WT IL-2 and a leading “No-α” αPD-1-IL-2 fusion protein (αPD-1-IL-2x). WT IL-2 and αPD-1-IL-2x induced significant body weight loss and severe splenomegaly when dosed at 1.25 mg/kg. In contrast, αPD-1-IL-2c dosed at 10 mg/kg did not cause appreciable body weight loss and only led to minimal splenomegaly. In summary, we have developed a safe and highly potent αPD-1-IL-2 mutein that achieves full PD-1 blockade and TME-specific T cell activation and expansion without appreciable toxicity.
Citation Format: Fan Ye, Jianing Huang, Zoey Huang, Sandra Chen, Eric Liao, Ella Li, Allison Quach, Jenny Jiang, Hanna Lin, Michael Hua, Savannah Yung, Lili Cheng, Ziyang Zhong. A safe and highly potent anti-PD-1-IL-2c fusion that decouples efficacy and toxicity of IL-2 therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr LB218.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Ye
- 1Anwita Biosciences, San Carlos, CA
| | | | | | | | | | - Ella Li
- 1Anwita Biosciences, San Carlos, CA
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