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Ross JM, Cline CC, Sarkar M, Truong J, Keller CJ. Neural effects of TMS trains on the human prefrontal cortex. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22700. [PMID: 38123591 PMCID: PMC10733322 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49250-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
How does a train of TMS pulses modify neural activity in humans? Despite adoption of repetitive TMS (rTMS) for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, we still do not understand how rTMS changes the human brain. This limited understanding stems in part from a lack of methods for noninvasively measuring the neural effects of a single TMS train-a fundamental building block of treatment-as well as the cumulative effects of consecutive TMS trains. Gaining this understanding would provide foundational knowledge to guide the next generation of treatments. Here, to overcome this limitation, we developed methods to noninvasively measure causal and acute changes in cortical excitability and evaluated this neural response to single and sequential TMS trains. In 16 healthy adults, standard 10 Hz trains were applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in a randomized, sham-controlled, event-related design and changes were assessed based on the TMS-evoked potential (TEP), a measure of cortical excitability. We hypothesized that single TMS trains would induce changes in the local TEP amplitude and that those changes would accumulate across sequential trains, but primary analyses did not indicate evidence in support of either of these hypotheses. Exploratory analyses demonstrated non-local neural changes in sensor and source space and local neural changes in phase and source space. Together these results suggest that single and sequential TMS trains may not be sufficient to modulate local cortical excitability indexed by typical TEP amplitude metrics but may cause neural changes that can be detected outside the stimulation area or using phase or source space metrics. This work should be contextualized as methods development for the monitoring of transient noninvasive neural changes during rTMS and contributes to a growing understanding of the neural effects of rTMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Ross
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Medical Center, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305-5797, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christopher C Cline
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Medical Center, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305-5797, USA
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Manjima Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Medical Center, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305-5797, USA
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jade Truong
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Medical Center, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305-5797, USA
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Corey J Keller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Medical Center, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305-5797, USA.
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Ross JM, Cline CC, Sarkar M, Truong J, Keller CJ. Neural effects of TMS trains on the human prefrontal cortex. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.30.526374. [PMID: 36778457 PMCID: PMC9915614 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.30.526374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
How does a train of TMS pulses modify neural activity in humans? Despite adoption of repetitive TMS (rTMS) for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, we still do not understand how rTMS changes the human brain. This limited understanding stems in part from a lack of methods for noninvasively measuring the neural effects of a single TMS train - a fundamental building block of treatment - as well as the cumulative effects of consecutive TMS trains. Gaining this understanding would provide foundational knowledge to guide the next generation of treatments. Here, to overcome this limitation, we developed methods to noninvasively measure causal and acute changes in cortical excitability and evaluated this neural response to single and sequential TMS trains. In 16 healthy adults, standard 10 Hz trains were applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) in a randomized, sham-controlled, event-related design and changes were assessed based on the TMS-evoked potential (TEP), a measure of cortical excitability. We hypothesized that single TMS trains would induce changes in the local TEP amplitude and that those changes would accumulate across sequential trains, but primary analyses did not indicate evidence in support of either of these hypotheses. Exploratory analyses demonstrated non-local neural changes in sensor and source space and local neural changes in phase and source space. Together these results suggest that single and sequential TMS trains may not be sufficient to modulate local cortical excitability indexed by typical TEP amplitude metrics but may cause neural changes that can be detected outside the stimulation area or using phase or source space metrics. This work should be contextualized as methods development for the monitoring of transient noninvasive neural changes during rTMS and contributes to a growing understanding of the neural effects of rTMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Ross
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Medical Center, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christopher C. Cline
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Medical Center, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Manjima Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Medical Center, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jade Truong
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Medical Center, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Corey J. Keller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University Medical Center, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Gogulski J, Cline CC, Ross JM, Truong J, Sarkar M, Parmigiani S, Keller CJ. Mapping cortical excitability in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.20.524867. [PMID: 36711689 PMCID: PMC9882363 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.20.524867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective To characterize early TEPs anatomically and temporally (20-50 ms) close to the TMS pulse (EL-TEPs), as well as associated muscle artifacts (<20 ms), across the dlPFC. We hypothesized that TMS location and angle influence EL-TEPs, and that EL-TEP amplitude is inversely related to muscle artifact. Additionally, we sought to determine an optimal group-level TMS target and angle, while investigating the potential benefits of a personalized approach. Methods In 16 healthy participants, we applied single-pulse TMS to six targets within the dlPFC at two coil angles and measured EEG responses. Results Stimulation location significantly influenced EL-TEPs, with posterior and medial targets yielding larger EL-TEPs. Regions with high EL-TEP amplitude had less muscle artifact, and vice versa. The best group-level target yielded 102% larger EL-TEP responses compared to other dlPFC targets. Optimal dlPFC target differed across subjects, suggesting that a personalized targeting approach might boost the EL-TEP by an additional 36%. Significance Early local TMS-evoked potentials (EL-TEPs) can be probed without significant muscle-related confounds in posterior-medial regions of the dlPFC. The identification of an optimal group-level target and the potential for further refinement through personalized targeting hold significant implications for optimizing depression treatment protocols. Highlights Early local TMS-evoked potentials (EL-TEPs) varied significantly across the dlPFC as a function of TMS target.TMS targets with less muscle artifact had significantly larger EL-TEPs.Selection of a postero-medial target increased EL-TEPs by 102% compared to anterior targets.
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Fiuza T, Sarkar M, Riedl JC, Beaughon M, Torres Bautista BE, Bhattacharya K, Cousin F, Barruet E, Demouchy G, Depeyrot J, Dubois E, Gélébart F, Geertsen V, Mériguet G, Michot L, Nakamae S, Perzynski R, Peyre V. Ion specific tuning of nanoparticle dispersion in an ionic liquid: a structural, thermoelectric and thermo-diffusive investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:28911-28924. [PMID: 37855156 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02399k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Dispersions of charged maghemite nanoparticles (NPs) in EAN (ethylammonium nitrate) a reference Ionic Liquid (IL) are studied here using a number of static and dynamical experimental techniques; small angle scattering (SAS) of X-rays and of neutrons, dynamical light scattering and forced Rayleigh scattering. Particular insight is provided regarding the importance of tuning the ionic species present at the NP/IL interface. In this work we compare the effect of Li+, Na+ or Rb+ ions. Here, the nature of these species has a clear influence on the short-range spatial organisation of the ions at the interface and thus on the colloidal stability of the dispersions, governing both the NP/NP and NP/IL interactions, which are both evaluated here. The overall NP/NP interaction is either attractive or repulsive. It is characterised by determining, thanks to the SAS techniques, the second virial coefficient A2, which is found to be independent of temperature. The NP/IL interaction is featured by the dynamical effective charge ξeff0 of the NPs and by their entropy of transfer ŜNP (or equivalently their heat of transport ) determined here thanks to thermoelectric and thermodiffusive measurements. For repulsive systems, an activated process rules the temperature dependence of these two latter quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fiuza
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
- Grupo de Fluidos Complexos, Inst. de Fisíca, Univ. de Brasília, Brasília (DF), Brazil
| | - M Sarkar
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - J C Riedl
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - M Beaughon
- Service de Physique de l'état condensé, SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - B E Torres Bautista
- Service de Physique de l'état condensé, SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - K Bhattacharya
- Service de Physique de l'état condensé, SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - F Cousin
- Lab. Léon Brillouin-UMR 12 CNRS-CEA CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E Barruet
- Univ. Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE-LIONS, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - G Demouchy
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
- Univ. de Cergy Pontoise-Dpt de physique, 33 Bd du Port, 95011 Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - J Depeyrot
- Grupo de Fluidos Complexos, Inst. de Fisíca, Univ. de Brasília, Brasília (DF), Brazil
| | - E Dubois
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - F Gélébart
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - V Geertsen
- Univ. Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE-LIONS, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - G Mériguet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - L Michot
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - S Nakamae
- Service de Physique de l'état condensé, SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, CEDEX, France
| | - R Perzynski
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - V Peyre
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
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Kumari S, Nath S, Narasimha VL, Sarkar M, Kumar R. Psychosis Unmasking a Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a Case Report. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2023; 33:100-103. [PMID: 37771217 DOI: 10.12809/eaap2316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that affects multiple organs. Neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) can manifest with a multitude of neurological and psychiatric symptoms. Psychosis is a rare NPSLE manifestation that can occur at any phase of the illness; 21% of SLE-related psychosis cases occur at the onset of SLE, but the evidence base for this is lacking. We report a case of acute-onset psychosis in a woman that led to a diagnosis of SLE, which was substantiated by physical evaluation and laboratory assessments. Assessment of acute-onset psychosis requires consideration of all differential diagnoses, especially in the presence of atypical features. This case also underscores the importance of physical examination and laboratory investigations in psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kumari
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - S Nath
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - V L Narasimha
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - R Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
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Gogulski J, Ross JM, Talbot A, Cline CC, Donati FL, Munot S, Kim N, Gibbs C, Bastin N, Yang J, Minasi C, Sarkar M, Truong J, Keller CJ. Personalized Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Depression. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2023; 8:351-360. [PMID: 36792455 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Personalized treatments are gaining momentum across all fields of medicine. Precision medicine can be applied to neuromodulatory techniques, in which focused brain stimulation treatments such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) modulate brain circuits and alleviate clinical symptoms. rTMS is well tolerated and clinically effective for treatment-resistant depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite its wide stimulation parameter space (location, angle, pattern, frequency, and intensity can be adjusted), rTMS is currently applied in a one-size-fits-all manner, potentially contributing to its suboptimal clinical response (∼50%). In this review, we examine components of rTMS that can be optimized to account for interindividual variability in neural function and anatomy. We discuss current treatment options for treatment-resistant depression, the neural mechanisms thought to underlie treatment, targeting strategies, stimulation parameter selection, and adaptive closed-loop treatment. We conclude that a better understanding of the wide and modifiable parameter space of rTMS will greatly improve the clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juha Gogulski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; HUS Diagnostic Center, Clinical Neurophysiology, Clinical Neurosciences, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jessica M Ross
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Palo Alto, California
| | - Austin Talbot
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Palo Alto, California
| | - Christopher C Cline
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Palo Alto, California
| | - Francesco L Donati
- Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Saachi Munot
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Palo Alto, California
| | - Naryeong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Palo Alto, California
| | - Ciara Gibbs
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nikita Bastin
- Department of Radiology and Orthopedics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jessica Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Palo Alto, California
| | - Christopher Minasi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Palo Alto, California
| | - Manjima Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Palo Alto, California
| | - Jade Truong
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Palo Alto, California
| | - Corey J Keller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Palo Alto, California.
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Hussain M, Ahmed K, Begum SS, Kalita MK, Borah P, Bhuyan D, Tamuly S, Medhi D, Paul V, Chakravartya P, Sarkar M. 70 Effect of seasons and additives in Arunachali yak bull semen at different stages of processing and freezing along with fresh semen characteristics. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv35n2ab70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Singh R, Jiang Y, Tsoi L, Sarkar M, Plazyo O, Billi A, Maverakis E, Kahlenberg J, Gudjonsson J, Ward N. 717 TCF-4 negatively regulates IL-17C In human keratinocytes and in a mouse model of psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Simpson C, Sarkar M, Egolf S, Zou J, Capell B, Gudjonsson J. 451 Modeling darier disease using gene-edited human keratinocytes and organotypic epidermis to identify therapeutic targets. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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10
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Yu Z, Gehad A, Teague J, Crouch J, Yu K, O'Malley J, Kupper T, Benezeder T, Gudjonsson J, Kahlenberg J, Sarkar M, Vieyra-Garcia P, Wolf P, Clark R. 605 Phototherapy-induced IFNκ drives type I IFN induced anticancer responses in CTCL. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Tejaswi V, Bosco J, Verma V, Anjali, Pathak M, Samad H, Tiwari A, Chouhan V, Maurya V, Sarkar M, Singh G. Seasonal alterations in blood biochemical parameters among zebu and crossbred cattle. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2022.2098619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Tejaswi
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - J. Bosco
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - V. Verma
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Anjali
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - M.C Pathak
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - H.A. Samad
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - A.K. Tiwari
- Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - V.S. Chouhan
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - V.P. Maurya
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - M. Sarkar
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - Gyanendra Singh
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
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Ross JM, Sarkar M, Keller CJ. Experimental suppression of transcranial magnetic stimulation-electroencephalography sensory potentials. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:5141-5153. [PMID: 35770956 PMCID: PMC9812254 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The sensory experience of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) evokes cortical responses measured in electroencephalography (EEG) that confound interpretation of TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs). Methods for sensory masking have been proposed to minimize sensory contributions to the TEP, but the most effective combination for suprathreshold TMS to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is unknown. We applied sensory suppression techniques and quantified electrophysiology and perception from suprathreshold dlPFC TMS to identify the best combination to minimize the sensory TEP. In 21 healthy adults, we applied single pulse TMS at 120% resting motor threshold (rMT) to the left dlPFC and compared EEG vertex N100-P200 and perception. Conditions included three protocols: No masking (no auditory masking, no foam, and jittered interstimulus interval [ISI]), Standard masking (auditory noise, foam, and jittered ISI), and our ATTENUATE protocol (auditory noise, foam, over-the-ear protection, and unjittered ISI). ATTENUATE reduced vertex N100-P200 by 56%, "click" loudness perception by 50%, and scalp sensation by 36%. We show that sensory prediction, induced with predictable ISI, has a suppressive effect on vertex N100-P200, and that combining standard suppression protocols with sensory prediction provides the best N100-P200 suppression. ATTENUATE was more effective than Standard masking, which only reduced vertex N100-P200 by 22%, loudness by 27%, and scalp sensation by 24%. We introduce a sensory suppression protocol superior to Standard masking and demonstrate that using an unjittered ISI can contribute to minimizing sensory confounds. ATTENUATE provides superior sensory suppression to increase TEP signal-to-noise and contributes to a growing understanding of TMS-EEG sensory neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Ross
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental IllnessResearch, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC)Palo AltoCaliforniaUSA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesStanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Manjima Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesStanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Corey J. Keller
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, and the Sierra Pacific Mental IllnessResearch, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC)Palo AltoCaliforniaUSA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesStanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA
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Cheng VW, de Pennington N, Zakaria R, Larkin JR, Serres S, Sarkar M, Kirkman MA, Bristow C, Croal P, Plaha P, Campo L, Chappell MA, Lord S, Jenkinson MD, Middleton MR, Sibson NR. VCAM-1-targeted MRI Improves Detection of the Tumor-brain Interface. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:2385-2396. [PMID: 35312755 PMCID: PMC9662863 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-4011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite optimal local therapy, tumor cell invasion into normal brain parenchyma frequently results in recurrence in patients with solid tumors. The aim of this study was to determine whether microvascular inflammation can be targeted to better delineate the tumor-brain interface through vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)-targeted MRI. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Intracerebral xenograft rat models of MDA231Br-GFP (breast cancer) brain metastasis and U87MG (glioblastoma) were used to histologically examine the tumor-brain interface and to test the efficacy of VCAM-1-targeted MRI in detecting this region. Human biopsy samples of the brain metastasis and glioblastoma margins were examined for endothelial VCAM-1 expression. RESULTS The interface between tumor and surrounding normal brain tissue exhibited elevated endothelial VCAM-1 expression and increased microvessel density. Tumor proliferation and stemness markers were also significantly upregulated at the tumor rim in the brain metastasis model. T2*-weighted MRI, following intravenous administration of VCAM-MPIO, highlighted the tumor-brain interface of both tumor models more extensively than gadolinium-DTPA-enhanced T1-weighted MRI. Sites of VCAM-MPIO binding, evident as hypointense signals on MR images, correlated spatially with endothelial VCAM-1 upregulation and bound VCAM-MPIO beads detected histologically. These findings were further validated in an orthotopic medulloblastoma model. Finally, the tumor-brain interface in human brain metastasis and glioblastoma samples was similarly characterized by microvascular inflammation, extending beyond the region detectable using conventional MRI. CONCLUSIONS This work illustrates the potential of VCAM-1-targeted MRI for improved delineation of the tumor-brain interface in both primary and secondary brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinton W.T. Cheng
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rasheed Zakaria
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - James R. Larkin
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sébastien Serres
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Manjima Sarkar
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew A. Kirkman
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- UCL Institute for Education, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Bristow
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Croal
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences & Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Puneet Plaha
- Nuffield Department of Surgery, University of Oxford and Department of Neurosurgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Leticia Campo
- Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Michael A. Chappell
- Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences & Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Lord
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael D. Jenkinson
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R. Middleton
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford National Institute for Health Research Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola R. Sibson
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Ross JM, Sarkar M, Keller CJ. Experimental suppression of TMS-EEG sensory potentials requires an optimal combination of techniques due to the multisensory experience of TMS. Brain Stimul 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2021.10.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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15
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Sarkar M, Ross J, Keller C. Minimizing discomfort from TMS through experimental optimization of sensory suppression protocols. Brain Stimul 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2021.10.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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16
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Sarkar M, Nath A, Kumer A, Mallik C, Akter F, Moniruzzaman M, Ali M. Synthesis, molecular docking screening, ADMET and dynamics studies of synthesized 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-8-methyl-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinazolin-2(1H)-one and quinazolinone derivatives. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Riedl JC, Sarkar M, Fiuza T, Cousin F, Depeyrot J, Dubois E, Mériguet G, Perzynski R, Peyre V. Design of concentrated colloidal dispersions of iron oxide nanoparticles in ionic liquids: Structure and thermal stability from 25 to 200 °C. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:584-594. [PMID: 34509733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Some of the most promising fields of application of ionic liquid-based colloids imply elevated temperatures. Their careful design and analysis is therefore essential. We assume that tuning the structure of the nanoparticle-ionic liquid interface through its composition can ensure colloidal stability for a wide temperature range, from room temperature up to 200 °C. EXPERIMENTS The system under study consists of iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) dispersed in ethylmethylimidazolium bistriflimide (EMIM TFSI). The key parameters of the solid-liquid interface, tuned at room temperature, are the surface charge density and the nature of the counterions. The thermal stability of these nanoparticle dispersions is then analysed on the short and long term up to 200 °C. A multiscale analysis is performed combining dynamic light scattering (DLS), small angle X-ray/neutron scattering (SAXS/SANS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). FINDINGS Following the proposed approach with a careful choice of the species at the solid-liquid interface, ionic liquid-based colloidal dispersions of iron oxide NPs in EMIM TFSI stable over years at room temperature can be obtained, also stable at least over days up to 200 °C and NPs concentrations up to 12 vol% (≈30 wt%) thanks to few near-surface ionic layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Riedl
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire PHENIX, 4 place Jussieu, case 51, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - M Sarkar
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire PHENIX, 4 place Jussieu, case 51, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - T Fiuza
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire PHENIX, 4 place Jussieu, case 51, 75005 Paris, France; Inst. de Fisica, Complex Fluid Group, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
| | - F Cousin
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, UMR 12 CNRS-CEA, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - J Depeyrot
- Inst. de Fisica, Complex Fluid Group, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - E Dubois
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire PHENIX, 4 place Jussieu, case 51, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - G Mériguet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire PHENIX, 4 place Jussieu, case 51, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - R Perzynski
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire PHENIX, 4 place Jussieu, case 51, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - V Peyre
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire PHENIX, 4 place Jussieu, case 51, 75005 Paris, France.
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18
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Paul V, Krishnan G, Deori S, Bam J, Chakravarty P, Sarkar M. Body status and blood metabolites profiles during resumption of postpartum ovarian activity in yak (Poephagus grunniens). Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 56:1377-1386. [PMID: 34378257 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We examined the changes in body weight (BW), back-fat thickness (BFT) and blood metabolites in relation to postpartum (PP) ovarian activity status in twenty female yaks raised under semi-intensive system. BFT and ovarian activities, like follicle development, ovulation (OV) and corpus luteum (CL) development, were monitored from 4 to 15 weeks (wk) PP using ultrasonography. Resumption of ovarian activity was confirmed with ovulation of dominant follicle (DF) and subsequent CL development, and >1 ng/ml progesterone concentration in blood plasma sample after 1week of ovulation. Yaks were further classified as cyclic (with CL), acyclic (without CL), and cystic (with >25 mm follicular cyst; FC). Within 20 weeks PP, 60% yaks resumed cyclic ovarian activity, while 25% failed to initiate cycling activity, and 15% developed follicular cysts. In all categories of yak, BW gradually decreased (p < .05) till nadir; however, nadir reached earlier (p < .05) in acyclic yaks. BFT differed (p < .05) among the yak groups, but it tended to be higher in cyclic yaks as compared to acyclic and cystic. No difference (p > .05) in non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) values was found among the different categories of yaks, whereas, beta-hydroxy butyrate (BHB) levels were higher in cystic animals as compared to acyclic and cyclic. Blood glucose levels decreased in all yaks during initial 2 weeks after calving. Our findings suggest that yaks with low BW, BFT and glucose levels, and higher BHB values were at risk of delayed resumption of ovarian activity and concomitant development of follicular cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Paul
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Yak, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - G Krishnan
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Yak, Arunachal Pradesh, India.,ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Deori
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Yak, Arunachal Pradesh, India.,ICAR-Research Complex for NEH region, Meghalaya, India
| | - Joken Bam
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Yak, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - P Chakravarty
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Yak, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - M Sarkar
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Yak, Arunachal Pradesh, India
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Fiuza T, Sarkar M, Riedl JC, Cēbers A, Cousin F, Demouchy G, Depeyrot J, Dubois E, Gélébart F, Mériguet G, Perzynski R, Peyre V. Thermodiffusion anisotropy under a magnetic field in ionic liquid-based ferrofluids. Soft Matter 2021; 17:4566-4577. [PMID: 33949423 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm02190c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ferrofluids based on maghemite nanoparticles (NPs), typically 10 nm in diameter, are dispersed in an ionic liquid (1-ethyl 3-methylimidazolium bistriflimide - EMIM-TFSI). The average interparticle interaction is found to be repulsive by small angle scattering of X-rays and of neutrons, with a second virial coefficient A2 = 7.3. A moderately concentrated sample at Φ = 5.95 vol% is probed by forced Rayleigh scattering under an applied magnetic field (up to H = 100 kA m-1) from room temperature up to T = 460 K. Irrespective of the values of H and T, the NPs in this study are always found to migrate towards the cold region. The in-field anisotropy of the mass diffusion coefficient Dm and that of the (always positive) Soret coefficient ST are well described by the presented model in the whole range of H and T. The main origin of anisotropy is the spatial inhomogeneities of concentration in the ferrofluid along the direction of the applied field. Since this effect originates from the magnetic dipolar interparticle interaction, the anisotropy of thermodiffusion progressively vanishes when temperature and thermal motion increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fiuza
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France. and Grupo de Fluidos Complexos, Inst. de Fisíca, Univ. de Brasília, Brasília (DF), Brazil
| | - M Sarkar
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - J C Riedl
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - A Cēbers
- MMML Lab, Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, University of Latvia, Zellu-8, LV- 1002 Riga, Latvia
| | - F Cousin
- Lab. Léon Brillouin - UMR 12 CNRS-CEA CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G Demouchy
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France. and Dpt de physique, Univ. de Cergy Pontoise, 33 Bd du Port, 95011 Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - J Depeyrot
- Grupo de Fluidos Complexos, Inst. de Fisíca, Univ. de Brasília, Brasília (DF), Brazil
| | - E Dubois
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - F Gélébart
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - G Mériguet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - R Perzynski
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - V Peyre
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. PHENIX, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
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20
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Sarkar M, Bag P, Kumar B, A. Chawla P. Development and Validation by Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for the Estimation of Piperine and Coenzyme Q10 in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form. Indian J Pharm Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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21
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Pandey Y, Pooja AR, Devi HL, Jalmeria NS, Punetha M, Kumar S, Paul A, Kumar K, Sonawane A, Samad HA, Singh G, Bag S, Sarkar M, Chouhan VS. Expression and functional role of IGFs during early pregnancy in placenta of water buffalo. Theriogenology 2020; 161:313-331. [PMID: 33373934 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Adequate vascularisation is a key factor for successful fetal development. We hypothesized that Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF) family members regulate angiogenesis along with promoting fetal development and growth. In this experiment, we determined the expression and functional role of IGF family in placental compartments (caruncle; CAR, cotyledon; COT) during different stages of early pregnancy in the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Samples were collected from early pregnancy 1 (EP1, 28-45 days), early pregnancy 2 (EP2, 45-90 days), and third stage of estrous cycle (11-16 days), which was taken as control. In addition, the role of IGF1 on mRNA expression of vWF, StAR, CYP11A1, 3βHSD, PCNA, and BAX were elucidated in cultured trophoblast cells (TCC) obtained from EP2. Quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR), westernblot, and immunohistochemistry were done to investigate the gene expression, protein expression, and localization of examined factors, and RIA was also done to assess progesterone (P4) concentration. Expression of IGFs, its receptors and binding proteins were found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) in both CAR and COT as compared to control during early pregnancy, except binding proteins IGFBP1, 3 and 4 which were significantly (p < 0.05) downregulated in COT with advancement of pregnancy. mRNA expression was consistent with the findings of immunoblotting and immunolocalization experiments. Trophoblasts cell culture (TCC) study showed a significant time and dose-dependent effect of IGF1 onsteroidogenic transcript, which was found to be maximum at 100 ng/ml that paralleled with P4 accretion in the media (p < 0.05). Further, IGF1 upregulated the transcripts of vWF, PCNA, and downregulated BAX at the same concentration (p < 0.05). Overall, our results demonstrated that the expression of IGFs is a site-specific phenomenon in placentome, which indicates autocrine/paracrine and endocrine function. Our in-vitro finding support that IGF1 plays a critical role in placental development by promoting angiogenesis, steroid synthesis, and cell proliferation during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Pandey
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - A R Pooja
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - H Lakshmi Devi
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - N Singh Jalmeria
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Meeti Punetha
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - S Kumar
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - A Paul
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - K Kumar
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Arvind Sonawane
- Animal Genetics Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - H A Samad
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - G Singh
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - S Bag
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - V S Chouhan
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
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22
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Madabhavi I, Sarkar M, Sandeep S, Madabhavi N, Modi M, Naik U. Metronomic Chemotherapy After Palliative Radiotherapy In Rare Soft Tissue Sarcomas; An Insight Into Radiation Therapy And The Immune Response. Am J Clin Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) account for less than 1% of the overall human burden of malignant tumors. The intent of treatment in metastatic STSs is palliative and prognosis is dismal. This study aims to evaluate the role of low dose radiotherapy and low dose oral metronomic therapy in heavily pretreated metastatic infrequent STSs.
Methods
This research was conducted in a prospective observational manner in a tertiary care center. A total of 16 cases met the inclusion criteria for enrollment in the study group. The diagnosis of all subtypes of STS was confirmed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry or cytogenetic studies. All the enrolled patients with metastatic STSs who were treated with surgery and two lines of chemotherapy were initially treated with low dose radiotherapy of twenty Gy in five fractions or thirty Gy in ten fractions according to ECOG performance status of the patient.
Results
Out of 16 patients, seven patients (43.75%) were treated with 20Gy, 5# and 9 patients (56.25%) were treated with 30Gy, 10 # radiotherapy (RT). Out of 16 patients, four were of malignant fibrohistiocytic sarcoma, three were angiosarcoma, three were malignant phylloides tumor of the breast, and two were fibrosarcoma. One patient from each of the following subtypes inflammatory myofiroblastic tumor, leiomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, and dermato fibrosarcoma protuberance. Out of 16 patients, seven (43.75%) had a partial response (PR), nine (56.25%) had stable disease (SD) at 3 months and all the patients had stable disease (SD) at 6 months of evaluation. All the patients had enjoyed a better quality of life as compared to their life during injectable chemotherapy.
Conclusion
Targeted low dose radiation and metronomic chemotherapy lead to quantifiable antiangiogenic effects, immune effects in the local tumor microenvironment, and influences circulating immune mediators and anti- angiogenesis that could potentially help eradicate disease both within and outside the radiation treatment field.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Madabhavi
- Department of medical and pediatric oncology and hematology, Kerudi Cancer Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka, INDIA
| | - M Sarkar
- B J medical college, Ahmedabad, INDIA
| | - S Sandeep
- Department of Radiotherapy, Kerudi Cancer Hospital, Bagalkot, INDIA
| | - N Madabhavi
- Department of Pulmonary medicine, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, INDIA
| | - M Modi
- Department of Computer Science, Basaveshwar Engineering College, Bagalkot, INDIA
| | - U Naik
- Department of Pathology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, UNITED STATES
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Sarkar M, Uppala R, Tsoi A, Shao S, Billi A, White BEP, Kidder A, Xing X, Kahlenberg J, Gudjonsson J. 276 Autocrine IFN-κ restricts CRISPR-Cas9 Keratinocyte transfection through STING-APOBEC3G activation. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Simpson C, Tokito M, Uppala R, Sarkar M, Gudjonsson J, Holzbaur E. 212 Regulated mitochondrial fission via NIX and DRP1 in keratinocytes drives epidermal differentiation. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Kumar S, Lakshmi Devi H, Singh Jalmeria N, Punetha M, Pandey Y, Samad HA, Singh G, Sarkar M, Chouhan VS. Expression and functional role of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in placenta during different stages of pregnancy in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 285:113249. [PMID: 31445010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to document the expression and functional role of BMPs in the placental (caruncle; CAR, cotyledon; COT) during different stages of pregnancy in water buffalo. Samples collected from Early pregnancy 1 (EP1); Early pregnancy 2 (EP2), Mid pregnancy (MP), Late pregnancy (LP) while the third stage of oestrus cycle (NP) was taken as control. Also, the synergistic role of BMP4/BMP7 or combination on mRNA expression of vWF, PCNA, StAR, CYP11A1, 3βHSD, and BAX were studied in trophoblast cells cultured (TCC) during an early stage. The qPCR and immunoblotting studies revealed that BMP2, BMPR1A, BMPR1B, and BMPR2 mRNA level was significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated during early pregnancy in COTs while in CARs it was significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) during all the stages of pregnancy.BMP4 mRNA level was significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) during early pregnancy in COTs as well as in CARs. BMP6 expression was significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) during early and late stages of pregnancy. BMP7 mRNA level was upregulated (p < 0.05) during the late stage of pregnancy in COTs. At 100 ng/ml, the BMP4 maximally stimulated the transcripts of StAR, CYP11A1, and 3βHSD while BMP7 maximally stimulated the transcripts of 3βHSD that paralleled with P4 accretion in the media (P < 0.05). BMP4 as well as BMP7 upregulated the transcripts of PCNA, vWF, and downregulated BAX in the TCC (P < 0.05). In conclusion, BMPs are expressed in a regulated manner with stage-specific differences in the placenta and promotes the angiogenesis, proliferation, cell survivability, and steroidogenesis thereby regulating placental function in an autocrine/paracrine manner in water buffalo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheelendra Kumar
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - H Lakshmi Devi
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - N Singh Jalmeria
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - M Punetha
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Yogesh Pandey
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - H A Samad
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - G Singh
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - V S Chouhan
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India.
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Samad HA, Konyak YY, Latheef SK, Kumar A, Khan IA, Verma V, Chouhan VS, Verma MR, Maurya VP, Kumar P, Sarkar M, Singh G. Alpha lipoic acid supplementation ameliorates the wrath of simulated tropical heat and humidity stress in male Murrah buffaloes. Int J Biometeorol 2019; 63:1331-1346. [PMID: 31280374 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-019-01750-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A supplement which ameliorates temperature-humidity menace in food producing livestock is a prerequisite to develop climate smart agricultural packages. A study was conducted to investigate the heat stress ameliorative efficacy of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) in male Murrah water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Eighteen animals (293.61 ± 4.66Kg Bwt) were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 6); NHSC (non-heat-stressed control), HS (heat-stressed) and HSLA (heat-stressed-supplemented with ALA@32 mg/kg Bwt orally) based on the temperature humidity index (THI) and ALA supplementation. HS and HSLA were exposed to simulated heat challenge in a climatically controlled chamber (40 °C) for 21 consecutive days, 6 h daily. Physiological responses viz. Respiration rate (RR), Pulse rate (PR) and Rectal temperature (RT) were recorded daily before and after heat exposure. Blood samples were collected at the end of heat exposure on days 1, 6, 11, 16, and 21 and on day 28 (7th day post exposure which is considered as recovery) for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) separation, followed by RNA and Protein extraction for Real time quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis respectively, of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Two-way repeated measure ANOVA was performed between groups at different experimental periods. RR (post exposure) in HS and HSLA was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than NHSC from day 1 onwards but HSLA varied significantly from the HS 8th day onwards. Post exposure RT and PR in both HS and HSLA varied (P < 0.05) from NHSC throughout the study; but between HS and HSLA, RT significantly varied on initial 2 days and last 6 days (from days 16 to 21). HSP70 mRNA expression significantly up regulated in high THI groups with respect to the low THI group throughout the experimental period. During chronic stress (days 16 and 21) HSP70 significantly (P < 0.05) increased in HS but not in HSLA (P > 0.05) with respect to NHSC. ALA supplementation up-regulates and sustains (P < 0.05) the expression of HSP90 in HSLA in comparison to the HS and NHSC. HSP105 expression was significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05) in HS on days 16 and 21 (during long-term exposure) but only on day 21 (P < 0.05) in HSLA. HSP70, HSP90, and HSP105 protein expression dynamics were akin to the mRNA transcript data between the study groups. In conclusion, supplementing ALA ameliorates the deleterious effect of heat stress as reflected by improved physiological and cellular responses. ALA supplementation improved cellular antioxidant status and sustained otherwise easily decaying heat shock responses which concertedly hasten the baton change from a limited window of thermo tolerance to long run acclimatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Samad
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Y Y Konyak
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S K Latheef
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Kumar
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - I A Khan
- Dolphin PG Institue of Biomedical & Natural Science, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - V Verma
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V S Chouhan
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M R Verma
- Division of Livestock economics and statistics, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V P Maurya
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Puneet Kumar
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Singh
- Division of Physiology & Climatology, ICAR-IndianVeterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Sarkar M, Gupta N, Assaad M. Monitoring of fruit freshness using phase information in polarization reflectance spectroscopy. Appl Opt 2019; 58:6396-6405. [PMID: 31503787 DOI: 10.1364/ao.58.006396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The control of food quality and freshness is of growing interest for both consumers and the food industry. The optical absorption and scattering properties in fruits, for example, changes with the physiological and biochemical alterations in the tissues during ripening and storage. The absorption and scattering properties are nondestructively monitored using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. NIR has proved to be one of the most efficient and advanced tools for continuous monitoring and controlling of process and product quality in the food processing industry. However, NIR spectroscopy is costly and needs reliable calibration. The basic spectral feature of fruit reflectance in the visible region is considered in this work for the development of algorithms to nondestructively monitor the ripening and decay of apples using phase information of the reflected light. The objective is to develop simple and low-cost instruments that could revolutionize the on/inline quality monitoring of foods.
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Sarkar M, Riedl JC, Demouchy G, Gélébart F, Mériguet G, Peyre V, Dubois E, Perzynski R. Inversion of thermodiffusive properties of ionic colloidal dispersions in water-DMSO mixtures probed by forced Rayleigh scattering. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2019; 42:72. [PMID: 31177408 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2019-11835-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Thermodiffusion properties at room temperature of colloidal dispersions of hydroxyl-coated nanoparticles (NPs) are probed in water, in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and in mixtures of water and DMSO at various proportions of water, [Formula: see text]. In these polar solvents, the positive NPs superficial charge imparts the systems with a strong electrostatic interparticle repulsion, slightly decreasing from water to DMSO, which is here probed by Small Angle Neutron Scattering and Dynamic Light Scattering. However if submitted to a gradient of temperature, the NPs dispersed in water with ClO4- counterions present a thermophilic behavior, the same NPs dispersed in DMSO with the same counterions present a thermophobic behavior. Mass diffusion coefficient [Formula: see text] and Ludwig-Soret coefficient [Formula: see text] are measured as a function of NP volume fraction [Formula: see text] at various [Formula: see text]. The [Formula: see text]-dependence of [Formula: see text] is analyzed in terms of thermoelectric and thermophoretic contributions as a function of [Formula: see text]. Using two different models for evaluating the Eastman entropy of transfer of the co- and counterions in the mixtures, the single-particle thermophoretic contribution (the NP's Eastman entropy of transfer) is deduced. It is found to evolve from negative in water to positive in DMSO. It is close to zero on a large range of [Formula: see text] values, meaning that in this [Formula: see text]-range [Formula: see text] largely depends on the thermoelectric effect of free co- and counterions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sarkar
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, PHysico-chimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes InterfaciauX, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - J C Riedl
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, PHysico-chimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes InterfaciauX, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - G Demouchy
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, PHysico-chimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes InterfaciauX, F-75005, Paris, France
- Département de Physique, Univ. Cergy-Pontoise, 33 bd du port, 95011, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - F Gélébart
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, PHysico-chimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes InterfaciauX, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - G Mériguet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, PHysico-chimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes InterfaciauX, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - V Peyre
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, PHysico-chimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes InterfaciauX, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - E Dubois
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, PHysico-chimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes InterfaciauX, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - R Perzynski
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, PHysico-chimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes InterfaciauX, F-75005, Paris, France.
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Paul A, Punetha M, Kumar S, Sonwane A, Chouhan VS, Singh G, Maurya VP, Sarkar M. Regulation of steroidogenic function of luteal cells by thrombospondin and insulin in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 31:751-759. [DOI: 10.1071/rd18188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the effect of exogenous thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) on the steroidogenic function of luteal cells cultured invitro. Furthermore, the transcriptional interaction of insulin with TSP1 and its receptor, cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) were also investigated. At the highest dose (500ngmL−1) TSP1 significantly downregulated the expression of the angiogenic marker von Willebrand factor (vWF) and progesterone production in cultured luteal cells. Moreover, the simultaneous upregulation in the expression of caspase 3 by exogenous TSP1 was consistent with a reduction in the number of viable luteal cells as determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltertrazolium bromide (MTT) assay after 72h of culture. However, the expression of critical enzymes in the progesterone synthetic pathway was not significantly modulated by treatment with TSP1 in cultured luteal cells. Knocking out of endogenous TSP1 with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/ CRISPRassociated protein9 (Cas9) system improved the viability of luteal cells as well as increasing progesterone production and decreasing caspase 3 activation. Insulin treatment suppressed the expression of TSP1 and CD36 in cultured luteal cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. To conclude, TSP1 acts as a negative endogenous regulator of angiogenesis that attenuates progesterone production, possibly by reducing the number of luteal cells via apoptosis during luteal regression, whereas insulin as a luteinising signal may have inhibited the thrombospondin system for the efficient development of luteal function.
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Dave S, Dodge JL, Terrault NA, Sarkar M. Racial and Ethnic Differences in Graft Loss Among Female Liver Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:1413-1423. [PMID: 29880364 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Racial differences in post-liver transplantation (LT) outcomes are identified in predominantly male cohorts. Despite known sex differences in a spectrum of liver-related outcomes, it is not known how race influences graft outcomes in women. METHODS Using the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, we examined race and ethnicity and graft loss (death or retransplant) in women transplanted from 2002 to 2012. Covariates included recipient and donor characteristics, socioeconomics, and medical comorbidities. RESULTS The eligible cohort (n = 15,860) included 11,051 Caucasians, 2171 Hispanics, 1876 African Americans (AAs), and 762 Asian women with median follow-up of 3.1 years. Five-year graft survival was lower in AA women (60%) compared with Caucasians (71%), Hispanics (70%), and Asians (73%) (P < .001). Graft loss was 45% higher among AA women <40 years at transplant compared with AA women aged 50 to 59 (hazard ratio 1.45, 95% confidence interval 1.17-1.81) and aged 60 to 69 years (hazard ratio 1.33, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.71), and risk increased after age 60 among Caucasians (P < .001 for race-age interactions). Increased graft loss among young AA women was limited to the first 2 years post-LT (P = .002). CONCLUSION Younger AA women are at particularly high risk for graft loss, which predominates in the first 2 years post-LT. Prospective studies of immunosuppression adherence and pharmacokinetics, particularly in relation to patient age, may help to explain the mechanisms underlying the higher rates of graft loss in younger AA women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dave
- Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - J L Dodge
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplant, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - N A Terrault
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of Transplant, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - M Sarkar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
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Mahmood S, Kumar A, Singh R, Sarkar M, Singh G, Verma MR, Kumar GVPPSR. Scrotal circumference: A predictor of testosterone concentration and certain attributes of seminal vesicles influencing buffalo male fertility. Vet World 2018; 11:739-747. [PMID: 30034164 PMCID: PMC6048091 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.739-747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of scrotal circumference (SC) with plasma testosterone, seminal vesicles (SVs) weight, and its secretion as measurable indicators of fertility and also to sequence and establish phylogenetic relatedness of certain SV protein genes with other species as such integrated approach is lacking. Materials and Methods: Altogether, 59 apparently healthy male buffaloes sacrificed at slaughterhouse were selected (irrespective of breed) for measuring SC and collecting blood and paired SVs. The SC was measured at greater curvature using soft thread. In the present study, blood plasma testosterone, cholesterol, protein, and glucose in addition to SV fructose, citric acid and proteins in SV fluid were also estimated. The SV tissue was fixed in RNAlater for RNA extraction. Male buffaloes were categorized as per total SV weight into Group I (<5.0 g), Group II (5.0-7.84 g), and Group III (>8.0 g) and dentitions-I (≤18 months), II (18-24 months), and III (≥24 months) to assess the effect of weight and dentition age on SC, SV weight, and its certain secretions. Data were analyzed using linear model procedure including Tukey HSD test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Variance inflation and condition index were also used to assess multicollinearity. Results: Gross and histomorphological evaluation of SVs did not show any abnormality. Macronutrients (plasma protein, glucose, and cholesterol) showed non-significant (p>0.05) variation between groups. The SC and SV weight varied significantly (p<0.05) with a significant positive relationship with plasma testosterone, SV protein, fructose, and citric acid. In addition, testosterone concentration also showed increasing trend from Groups I to III but increased significantly (p<0.05) from Group II to III with positive and significant correlations with SV protein, fructose, and citric acid similar to SV weight and SC. Binders of sperm protein (BSP1, 3, and 5) genes (full length) were sequenced and established an evolutionary relationship which is lacking in buffalo. Conclusion: The present findings established a significant positive correlation of SC with that of other fertility parameters related to SVs weight and its secretions: Fructose, citric acid, and protein (inclusive of BSPs sequenced full length), and testosterone. Therefore, the present integrated approach along with certain semen quality attributes reflecting epididymis function could be used as a predictive fertility marker for grading and selection of breeding bulls and their progenies to develop outstanding bull mother farm.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mahmood
- Division of Animal Reproduction, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar - 243 122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Kumar
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar - 243 122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar - 243 122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar - 243 122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Singh
- Division of Physiology and Climatology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar - 243 122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M R Verma
- Division of Livestock Economics and Statistics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar - 243 122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G V P P S R Kumar
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar - 243 122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Sarkar M, Uppala R, Getsios S, Perez White B, Tsoi L, Gudjonsson J. 078 Characterization of a novel long non-coding RNA (G2608) in psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Sarkar M, Terrault N, Duwaerts CC, Tien P, Cedars MI, Huddleston H. The Association of Hispanic Ethnicity with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Curr Opin Gynecol Obstet 2018; 1:24-33. [PMID: 30112518 PMCID: PMC6089370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects 10-15% of reproductive age women and is a recognized risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The more severe form of NAFLD, known as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), results in liver inflammation with or without fibrosis, and is now a leading cause of cirrhosis. Ethnic differences are apparent in NAFLD, with higher prevalence in Hispanics, although the role of Hispanic ethnicity on risk for NAFLD/NASH in women with PCOS is not known. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate ethnic differences in the prevalence and risk of NAFLD/NASH in women with PCOS. STUDY DESIGN Among PCOS women followed in a large academic medical center the association of Hispanic ethnicity with elevated biomarkers of NASH, including plasma cytokeratin 18 (CK18) M30 fragments and/or ALT levels (n=303), was assessed. Prevalence of hepatic steatosis by Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP) imaging was also evaluated in a subset of PCOS women (n=35). RESULTS The median cohort age (n=303) was 28 years (IQR 8), and 15.5% (n=47) were Hispanic, the majority of whom reported white race (94%). Most Hispanic women had hepatic steatosis on imaging, which was markedly higher than in non-Hispanics (83% vs 24%, p=0.005). Approximately 17% of PCOS women had elevated ALT or elevated CK18, which was more common in Hispanics than non-Hispanics, at 34% vs 14%, respectively, p=0.002. On univariate analysis, Hispanic ethnicity was associated with two-fold higher odds of NASH (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.0-3.9, p=0.038), and the association persisted after adjustment for HOMA-IR and waist circumference (AOR 3.1, 95% CI 1.1-8.9, p=0.034). CONCLUSION NAFLD/NASH is an important condition to be considered by PCOS providers and Hispanic women with PCOS are a particularly high-risk group that may warrant routine screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sarkar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - N Terrault
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - CC Duwaerts
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - P Tien
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - MI Cedars
- Center for Reproductive Health, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - H Huddleston
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide, which claims 17.3 million lives annually. Atherosclerosis is also the leading cause of sudden death and myocardial infarction, instigated by unstable plaques that rupture and occlude the blood vessel without warning. Current imaging modalities cannot differentiate between stable and unstable plaques that rupture. Peptide amphiphiles micelles (PAMs) can overcome this drawback as they can be modified with a variety of targeting moieties that bind specifically to diseased tissue. Monocytes have been shown to be early markers of atherosclerosis, while large accumulation of monocytes is associated with plaques prone to rupture. Hence, nanoparticles that can target monocytes can be used to discriminate different stages of atherosclerosis. To that end, here, we describe a protocol for the preparation of monocyte-targeting PAMs (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) PAMs). MCP-1 PAMs are self-assembled through synthesis under mild conditions to form nanoparticles of 15 nm in diameter with near neutral surface charge. In vitro, PAMs were found to be biocompatible and had a high binding affinity for monocytes. The methods described herein show promise for a wide range of applications in atherosclerosis as well as other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Poon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California
| | - Manjima Sarkar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California
| | - Eun Ji Chung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California;
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Thakur N, Singh G, Paul A, Bharati J, Rajesh G, GM V, Chouhan V, Bhure S, Maurya V, Singh G, Sarkar M. Expression and molecular cloning of interferon stimulated genes in buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis ). Theriogenology 2017; 100:50-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bharati J, Dangi SS, Bag S, Maurya VP, Singh G, Kumar P, Sarkar M. Expression dynamics of HSP90 and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms during heat stress acclimation in Tharparkar cattle. Int J Biometeorol 2017; 61:1461-1469. [PMID: 28265771 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-017-1323-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Six male Tharparkar cattle of 2-3 years old were selected for the study. After 15-day acclimation at thermoneutral zone (TNZ) in psychrometric chamber, animals were exposed at 42 °C for 6 h up to 23 days followed by 12 days of recovery period. Blood samples were collected during control period at TNZ (days 1, 5, and 12), after heat stress exposure (day 1, immediate heat stress acclimation (IHSA); days 2 to 10, short-term heat stress acclimation (STHSA); days 15 to 23, long-term heat stress acclimation (LTHSA); days 7 and 12, recovery period), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated for RNA and protein extraction. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression in PBMCs were determined by qPCR and western blot, respectively. Samples at TNZ were taken as control. The mRNA expression of HSP90, iNOS, and eNOS was significantly upregulated (P < 0.05) on day 1 (ISHA) as compared to control, remained consistent during STHSA, again increased during LTHSA, and finally reduced to basal level during recovery period. The protein expression of HSP90, iNOS, and eNOS were akin to their transcript pattern. PBMC culture study was conducted to study transcriptional abundance of HSP90, iNOS, and eNOS at different temperature-time combinations. The present findings indicate that HSP90, iNOS, and eNOS could possibly play an important role in mitigating thermal insults and confer thermotolerance during long-term heat stress exposure in Tharparkar cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Bharati
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - S S Dangi
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - S Bag
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - V P Maurya
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - G Singh
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - P Kumar
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
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Shah M, Mishra S, Sarkar M, Rout C. Identification of robust focus measure functions for the automated capturing of focused images from Ziehl-Neelsen stained sputum smear microscopy slide. Cytometry A 2017; 91:800-809. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.I. Shah
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics; Jaypee University of Information Technology; Waknaghat Solan Himachal Pradesh 173234 India
| | - S. Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics; Jaypee University of Information Technology; Waknaghat Solan Himachal Pradesh 173234 India
| | - M. Sarkar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine; Indira Gandhi Medical College; Shimla 171001 India
| | - C. Rout
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics; Jaypee University of Information Technology; Waknaghat Solan Himachal Pradesh 173234 India
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Bharati J, Dangi SS, Chouhan VS, Mishra SR, Bharti MK, Verma V, Shankar O, Yadav VP, Das K, Paul A, Bag S, Maurya VP, Singh G, Kumar P, Sarkar M. Expression dynamics of HSP70 during chronic heat stress in Tharparkar cattle. Int J Biometeorol 2017; 61:1017-1027. [PMID: 27995321 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-016-1281-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Six male Tharparkar cattle aged 2-3 years were selected for the study. The animals were acclimatized in the psychrometric chamber at thermoneutral zone (TNZ) for 15 days and then exposed to 42 °C temperature up to 23 days followed by 12 days of recovery period. Physiological responses were estimated, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated at TNZ on day 1, day 5, and day 12; after 6 h of heat stress exposure on day 16 to day 20, day 25, day 30, day 32, day 34, day 36, and day 38; and a recovery period on day 45 and day 50. The PBMCs were cultured to study the effect of thermal challenge on HSP70 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression pattern at different temperature-time combinations. The mRNA and protein expression of HSP70 in PBMCs along with serum extracellular HSP70 (eHSP70) was increased (P < 0.05) and showed two peaks on day 17 and day 32 (2nd and 17th days of thermal challenge, respectively). The HSP70 mRNA expression was increased (P < 0.05) in a temperature- and time-dependent manner in heat stress challenge treatment as compared to control in cultured PBMCs. HSP70 expression was found to be higher (P < 0.05) after 10 days of heat exposure (corresponds to chronic heat stress) as compared to the first 5 days of heat stress (corresponds to short-term heat stress) and control period at TNZ. The present findings indicate that HSP70 is possibly involved in heat stress adaptive response in Tharparkar cattle and the biphasic expression pattern may be providing a second window of protection during chronic heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Bharati
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - S S Dangi
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - V S Chouhan
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - S R Mishra
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - M K Bharti
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - V Verma
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - O Shankar
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - V P Yadav
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - K Das
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - A Paul
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - S Bag
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - V P Maurya
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - G Singh
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - P Kumar
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izzatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India.
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Bharati J, Dangi S, Mishra S, Chouhan V, Verma V, Shankar O, Bharti M, Paul A, Mahato DK, Rajesh G, Singh G, Maurya V, Bag S, Kumar P, Sarkar M. Expression analysis of Toll like receptors and interleukins in Tharparkar cattle during acclimation to heat stress exposure. J Therm Biol 2017; 65:48-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Mishra SR, Bharati J, Rajesh G, Chauhan VS, Taru Sharma G, Bag S, Maurya VP, Singh G, Sarkar M. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) synergistically promote steroidogenesis and survival of cultured buffalo granulosa cells. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 179:88-97. [PMID: 28238531 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the combined effect of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) on estradiol (E2) secretion and relative abundance of mRNA for aromatase enzyme (CYP19A1), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and BCL-2 associated X protein (BAX) in cultured buffalo granulosa cells (GCs). Follicles were isolated and classified into four groups based on size and E2 concentration in follicular fluid (FF): Small, 4-6mm diameter, E2<0.5ng/ml; Medium, 7-9mm, E2=0.5-5ng/ml; Large, 10-13mm, E2=5-40ng/ml; Preovulatory (PFs), >14mm, E2>180ng/ml. The GCs of PF were cultured in 24 well cell culture plates and allowed to become 75-80% confluent. Then cultured GCs were treated with FGF2 (200ng/ml) and VEGF-A (100ng/ml) separately and in combination for three incubation periods (24, 48 and 72h). Estradiol secretion was greater in GCs treated with FGF2+VEGF-A compared to FGF2 or VEGF-A at all incubation periods and was greatest (P<0.05) at 72h of incubation. The relative abundance of CYP19A1 and PCNA mRNA were relatively consistent with the amount E2 secretion. In contrast, the relative abundance of Bax mRNA was less in GCs treated with the combination of FGF2 and VEGF-A as compared to either FGF2 or VEGF-A alone and the least concentration (P<0.05) was at 72h of incubation. Findings with use of immunocytochemistry of cells treated with these factors were consistent to the relative abundance of mRNA transcript for the factor. The present findings indicate that FGF2 and VEGF-A may function in a synergistic manner to promote steroidogenesis and survival of cultured buffalo GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Mishra
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Jaya Bharati
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - G Rajesh
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - V S Chauhan
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - G Taru Sharma
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - S Bag
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - V P Maurya
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - G Singh
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Physiology & Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India.
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Bala N, Sarkar M, Maiti M, Nandy P, Basu R, Das S. Phenolic compound-mediated single-step fabrication of copper oxide nanoparticles for elucidating their influence on anti-bacterial and catalytic activity. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj04008j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A single-step synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) from a phenolic compound (rosmarinic acid) at ambient temperature was developed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan Bala
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata – 32
- India
- Department of Botany
| | - M. Sarkar
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata – 32
- India
| | - M. Maiti
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata – 32
- India
| | - P. Nandy
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Education
- Kolkata – 68
- India
| | - R. Basu
- Department of Physics
- Jogamaya Devi College
- Kolkata – 26
- India
| | - S. Das
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata – 32
- India
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Sarkar M, Khare V, Ghosh MK. The DEAD box protein p68: a novel coactivator of Stat3 in mediating oncogenesis. Oncogene 2016; 36:3080-3093. [PMID: 27941883 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
DEAD box RNA helicase p68 acts as a transcriptional coactivator of several oncogenic transcription factors apart from being a vital player of RNA metabolism. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) is a major oncogenic contributor of diverse cancers, including that of colon. Deciphering the mechanistic insights of coactivation of Stat3 transcriptional activity may aid in improved therapeutic strategies. Here we report for the first time a novel mechanism of alliance between p68 and Stat3 in stimulating transcriptional activity of Stat3. Interestingly, we observed that the expression of p68 and Stat3 bears strong positive correlation and significant colocalization in normal and colon carcinoma patient samples. We demonstrated that p68 directly interacts with Stat3 in HEK293 cells as well as multiple colon cancer cell lines. Additionally, p68 positively modulated both mRNA and protein expression levels of Stat3 target genes; promoter activity of Stat3 target gene Mcl-1 in multiple colon cancer cell lines. Also, p68 occupied the promoters of multiple Stat3 target genes in enhancing Stat3-dependent transcription. Moreover, the strong positive correlation between the abundance of p68 and Stat3 target genes in the same set of colon carcinoma samples further supported our observations. Enhanced expression levels of Stat3 target genes observed in primary tumors and metastatic lung nodules, generated in mice colorectal allograft model using syngeneic cells stably expressing p68, further reinforced our in vitro findings. Hence, this study unravels novel modes of p68-mediated oncogenesis through coactivation of Stat3 and enhancing Stat3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sarkar
- Signal Transduction in Cancer and Stem Cells Laboratory, Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), Kolkata, India
| | - V Khare
- Signal Transduction in Cancer and Stem Cells Laboratory, Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), Kolkata, India
| | - M K Ghosh
- Signal Transduction in Cancer and Stem Cells Laboratory, Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), Kolkata, India
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Mishra S, Thakur N, Somal A, Parmar M, Yadav V, Bharati J, Bharti M, Paul A, Verma M, Chouhan V, Sharma GT, Singh G, González L, D'Occhio M, Sarkar M. Expression and localization of angiopoietin family in buffalo ovarian follicles during different stages of development and modulatory role of angiopoietins on steroidogenesis and survival of cultured buffalo granulosa cells. Theriogenology 2016; 86:1818-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mishra S, Thakur N, Somal A, Parmar M, Reshma R, Rajesh G, Yadav V, Bharti M, Bharati J, Paul A, Chouhan V, Sharma G, Singh G, Sarkar M. Expression and localization of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family in buffalo ovarian follicle during different stages of development and modulatory role of FGF2 on steroidogenesis and survival of cultured buffalo granulosa cells. Res Vet Sci 2016; 108:98-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sarkar M, Tsoi L, Xing X, Yun L, Harms P, Stannard J, Elder J, Getsios S, Kahlenberg J, Gudjonsson J. 435 Autocrine IFN-k maintains baseline type I interferon responses in keratinocytes in a Tyk2 dependent manner. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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46
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Mishra SR, Parmar MS, Yadav VP, Reshma R, Bharati J, Bharti MK, Paul A, Chouhan VS, Taru Sharma G, Singh G, Sarkar M. Expression and localization of angiopoietin family in corpus luteum during different stages of oestrous cycle and modulatory role of angiopoietins on steroidogenesis, angiogenesis and survivability of cultured buffalo luteal cells. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:855-869. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- SR Mishra
- Physiology & Climatology Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - MS Parmar
- Physiology & Climatology Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - VP Yadav
- Physiology & Climatology Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - R Reshma
- Physiology & Climatology Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - J Bharati
- Physiology & Climatology Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - MK Bharti
- Physiology & Climatology Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - A Paul
- Physiology & Climatology Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - VS Chouhan
- Physiology & Climatology Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - G Taru Sharma
- Physiology & Climatology Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - G Singh
- Physiology & Climatology Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
| | - M Sarkar
- Physiology & Climatology Division; Indian Veterinary Research Institute; Izatnagar Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India
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Mishra S, Parmar M, Chouhan V, Rajesh G, Yadav V, Bharti M, Bharati J, Mondal T, Reshma R, Paul A, Dangi S, Das B, González L, Sharma G, Singh G, Sarkar M. Expression and localization of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family in corpus luteum during different stages of estrous cycle and synergistic role of FGF2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on steroidogenesis, angiogenesis and survivability of cultured buffalo luteal cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aggene.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Scherer G, Urban M, Hagedorn HW, Feng S, Kinser RD, Sarkar M, Liang Q, Roethig HJ. Determination of two mercapturic acids related to crotonaldehyde in human urine: influence of smoking. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 26:37-47. [PMID: 17334178 DOI: 10.1177/0960327107073829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Crotonaldehyde, an αβ-unsaturated aldehyde, and a potent alkylating agent, is present in many foods and beverages, ambient air and tobacco smoke. A previous study indicated that two metabolites, 3-hydroxy-1- methylpropylmercapturic acid (HMPMA) and 2-carboxy1-1-methylethylmercapturic acid (CMEMA), were excreted in rat urine after subcutaneous injection of crotonaldehyde. Herein, we report the development of a method based on liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and deuterated analytes as internal standards, for the determination of HMPMA and CMEMA in human urine. The limits of quantification of the method were 92 and 104 ng/mL for HMPMA and CMEMA, respectively. The calibration curves for both compounds were linear up to 7500 ng/mL with R2 >0.99. It was found that cigarette smokers excreted about three to five-fold more HMPMA, and only slightly elevated amounts of CMEMA, in their urine compared to non-smokers. In smokers, we also found significant correlations between the urinary excretion levels of HMPMA (but not CMEMA) and several markers of exposure for smoking, including the daily cigarette consumption, carbon monoxide in exhaled breath, salivary cotinine, and nicotine plus five of its major metabolites in urine. Smoking cessation or switching from smoking conventional cigarettes to experimental cigarettes with lower crotonaldehyde delivery led to significant reductions of urinary HMPMA excretion, but not CMEMA excretion. Alcohol consumption did not influence either urinary HMPMA or CMEMA excretion. We conclude that HMPMA is a potentially useful biomarker for smoking-related exposure to crotonaldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Scherer
- Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Goethestrasse 20, 80336 Muenchen, Germany.
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Reshma R, Mishra SR, Thakur N, Parmar MS, Somal A, Bharti MK, Pandey S, Chandra V, Chouhan VS, Verma MR, Singh G, Sharma GT, Maurya VP, Sarkar M. Modulatory role of leptin on ovarian functions in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Theriogenology 2016; 86:1720-39. [PMID: 27381558 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the modulatory role of leptin on bubaline granulosa cells (GCs) and luteal cells (LCs) functions using an in vitro cell culture system and to establish a cross talk between leptin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). GCs were collected from group IV follicles (>13 mm size) and LCs from mid-luteal phase corpus luteum and were grown in serum-containing media supplemented with leptin at three different dose rates (0.1, 1, and 10 ng/mL) and time durations (24, 48, and 72 hours). We evaluated the production and secretion of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) using RIA and the mRNA expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STARD1), cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage (CYP11A1), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), cytochrome P450 aromatase (CYP19A1), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), steroidogenic factor-1 (SF1), anti-apoptotic gene PCNA, pro-apoptotic gene caspase 3 and endothelial cell marker, Von Willebrand factor (vWF), using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results depicted a direct inhibitory action of leptin on GCs steroidogenesis in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05), whereas in the presence of IGF-1 the inhibitory effect was reverted. Furthermore, leptin augmented both cellular proliferation (PCNA) and apoptosis (caspase 3). On the other hand, in LCs, leptin alone showed an apparent stimulatory effect on steroidogenesis (P < 0.05); however, in the presence of IGF-1, an antagonistic effect was witnessed. Moreover, leptin had an inhibitory effect on apoptosis while promoted cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. These findings were further strengthened by immunocytochemistry. To conclude, these observations for the first time reported that in buffaloes leptin has a direct dose-, time-, and tissue-dependent effect on ovarian steroidogenesis, angiogenesis, and cytoprotection, and furthermore, it can regulate the effect of systemic factors like IGF-1. Hence, this in vitro study provides an insight into the putative roles of leptin alone and its interactions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Reshma
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S R Mishra
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N Thakur
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M S Parmar
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Somal
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M K Bharti
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S Pandey
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V Chandra
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V S Chouhan
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M R Verma
- Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information Technology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Singh
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G T Sharma
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V P Maurya
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M Sarkar
- Physiology and Climatology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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50
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Bala N, Saha S, Maiti M, Sarkar M, Das S, Nandi P, Basu R. Riboflavin conjugated temperature variant ZnO nanoparticles with potential medicinal application in jaundice. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15182e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant ameliorative efficiency of riboflavin conjugated ZnO nanoparticles against jaundice stress at molecular and cellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Bala
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-32
- India
- Department of Botany
| | - S. Saha
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-32
- India
| | - M. Maiti
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-32
- India
| | - M. Sarkar
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-32
- India
| | - S. Das
- Department of Physics
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-32
- India
| | - P. Nandi
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research and Education
- Kolkata-68
- India
| | - R. Basu
- Department of Physics
- Jogamaya Devi College
- Kolkata-26
- India
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