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Sukakul T, Uter W, Gonçalo M, Huggard J, Ljubojević Hadžavdić S, Schuttelaar MLA, Svedman C, Vey M, Isaksson M, Niklasson B, Rustemeyer T, Bruze M. Results of patch testing with five fragrance materials hitherto not tested: A dose-finding study in the clinical population. Contact Dermatitis 2024; 90:566-573. [PMID: 38387040 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantitative risk assessment (QRA) for skin sensitization is used to derive safe use levels of sensitising fragrance ingredients in products. Post-marketing surveillance of the prevalence of contact allergy to these ingredients provides relevant data to help evaluate the performance of these measures. OBJECTIVES To determine a suitable patch test concentration for five fragrance materials that had hitherto not been tested on a regular basis. These concentrations are then to be used in a surveillance study with patch testing consecutive patients over an extended monitoring period. MATERIALS AND METHODS Furaneol, CAS.3658-77-3; trans-2-hexenal, CAS.6728-26-3; 4,8-dimethyl-4,9-decadienal, CAS.71077-31-1; longifolene, CAS.475-20-7; benzaldehyde, CAS.10052-7, were patch tested with other fragrance allergens in four clinics. Patch testing was conducted in three rounds, starting with the lowest concentrations of the five ingredients. The doses were increased in the subsequent rounds if no late-appearing positive reactions and virtually no irritant reactions were reported. RESULTS Overall, 373 patients were tested. No positive allergic reaction was reported to the five ingredients. Patch test results of other fragrance allergens are reported. CONCLUSIONS The highest test concentrations are each considered safe for patch testing consecutive patients. Further surveillance based on these preparations will evaluate the hypothesis that QRA-driven consumer product levels of these fragrances can prevent sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanisorn Sukakul
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Wolfgang Uter
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Erlangen/Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Margarida Gonçalo
- Department of Dermatology, Coimbra University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joseph Huggard
- The Huggard Consulting Group, S.A.R.L., Itzig, Luxembourg
- IFRA VP Scientific Affairs and IDEA Management Team, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Suzana Ljubojević Hadžavdić
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marie L A Schuttelaar
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Matthias Vey
- The Huggard Consulting Group, S.A.R.L., Itzig, Luxembourg
- IFRA VP Scientific Affairs and IDEA Management Team, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Thomas Rustemeyer
- Department of Dermatology-Allergology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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2
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Eriksson TBJ, Isaksson M, Engfeldt M, Dahlin J, Tegner Y, Ofenloch R, Bruze M. Contact allergy in Swedish professional ice hockey players. Contact Dermatitis 2024; 90:574-584. [PMID: 38501375 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Professional ice hockey players may contract irritant and allergic contact dermatitis. AIMS To investigate the presence of contact allergy (CA) in professional ice hockey players in Sweden. METHODS Ten teams from the two top leagues were assessed for potential occupational exposure to sensitizers. Exactly 107 players were patch tested with an extended baseline series and a working series, in total 74 test preparations. The CA rates were compared between the ice hockey players and controls from the general population and dermatitis patients. RESULTS One out of 4 players had at least one contact allergy. The most common sensitizers were Amerchol L 101, nickel and oxidized limonene. CA was as common in the ice hockey players as in dermatitis patients and significantly more common than in the general population. Fragrances and combined sensitizers in cosmetic products (fragrances + preservatives + emulsifier) were significantly more common in ice hockey players compared with the general population. CONCLUSION The possible relationship between CA to fragrances and cosmetic products on the one hand and the presence of dermatitis on the other should be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas B J Eriksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Malin Engfeldt
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yelverton Tegner
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Robert Ofenloch
- Occupational Dermatology, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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3
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Bruze M, Isaksson M, Svedman C, Engfeldt M. Occlusion of sensitizers in the baseline series for 48 h detects more contact allergy than occlusion for 24 h. Contact Dermatitis 2024; 90:426-428. [PMID: 38148318 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Malin Engfeldt
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Christiansen AG, Kinnerup MB, Carstensen O, Sommerlund M, Clausen PA, Bønløkke JH, Schlünssen V, Isaksson M, Schmidt SAJ, Kolstad HA. Occupational exposure to epoxy components and risk of dermatitis: A registry-based follow-up study of the wind turbine industry. Contact Dermatitis 2024; 90:32-40. [PMID: 37795841 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic contact allergy and dermatitis are frequently reported among epoxy-exposed workers. OBJECTIVES To determine the risk of dermatitis associated with epoxy exposure. METHODS We followed 825 epoxy-exposed and 1091 non-exposed blue-collar workers, and 493 white-collar workers of a Danish wind turbine blade factory during 2017-2022 with linked data from national health registers on diagnoses, patch testing, or fillings of prescriptions for topical corticosteroids. Incidence rate ratios of dermatitis or a first-time topical corticosteroid prescription were estimated with Poisson regression using non-exposed blue-collar workers as reference. We similarly estimated incidence rate ratios for the duration of epoxy exposure and current epoxy exposure. RESULTS Epoxy-exposed blue-collar workers showed a dermatitis incidence rate of 2.1 per 100 000 person days, a two-fold increased risk of dermatitis and a 20% increased risk of filling a prescription for topical corticosteroids. Incidence rate ratios were higher during early exposure and declined with further exposure for both outcomes. White-collar workers had generally lower risks. CONCLUSION We observed an increased risk of dermatitis following epoxy exposure confirming previous case reports and cross-sectional studies emphasizing the need for intensified focus on preventive efforts for this group of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Byskov Kinnerup
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, The Regional Hospital Goedstrup, University Research Clinic, Herning, Denmark
| | - Ole Carstensen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, The Regional Hospital Goedstrup, University Research Clinic, Herning, Denmark
| | - Mette Sommerlund
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Per Axel Clausen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Hjort Bønløkke
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Department of Public Health, Research Unit for Environment, Occupation and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sigrun Alba Johannesdottir Schmidt
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik Albert Kolstad
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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5
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Bruze M, Antelmi A, Dahlin J, Hamnerius N, Hauksson I, Hindsén M, Isaksson M, Lejding T, Mowitz M, Svedman C, Bergendorff O. Should acetophenone azine be inserted in a baseline patch test series? Contact Dermatitis 2023; 89:295-297. [PMID: 37401042 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Annarita Antelmi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Nils Hamnerius
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Inese Hauksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Monica Hindsén
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tina Lejding
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Martin Mowitz
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ola Bergendorff
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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6
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Ali Y, Thomas R, Holgersson S, Isaksson M, Insulander Björk K. Experimental determination of concentration factors of Ni, Ru and Sb in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13575. [PMID: 37604893 PMCID: PMC10442315 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38795-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the experimental determination of concentration factors (CF) for nickel, ruthenium and antimony in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin (Bacillariophyceae), which was chosen as a representative of marine phytoplankton. Better determinations of these CF are needed to improve the modelling of marine ecosystems at release points, where radioactive pollutants enter the ecosystem, for more accurate predictions of radiation dose to humans caused by these pollutants. A literature study revealed that the currently implemented values of these CF are based on very scarce data, and a computational sensitivity study showed that the radiation dose caused by radioisotopes of these elements depend strongly on the phytoplankton CF. Nutrient-enriched water samples from Swedish coastal waters were used as a medium for growing of the diatom species P. tricornutum and radioactive isotopes of the studied elements were added to the cultures during the exponential growth phase. The radioactivity in the P. tricornutum and in the culture medium were measured separately and used for determination of CF. Conservative estimates of the CF based on this phytoplankton proxy on the present data are 6400 L/kg for nickel, 20,000 L/kg for ruthenium and 890 L/kg for antimony, with P. tricornutum biomass masses referring to dry weight. The estimates for nickel and ruthenium are similar to previously published values, which underpins the credibility of radiation dose calculations based on these values. The estimate for antimony is uncertain, but also, to our knowledge, represents the first published experimentally based data on this CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ali
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R Thomas
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Holgersson
- Division of Energy and Materials, Department of Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Isaksson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Insulander Björk
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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7
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Lejding T, Persson L, Andersen KE, Bruze M, Derevyanko L, Elsner P, Goh CL, Gonçalo M, Goossens A, Gülgün MA, Isaksson M, Ljubojevic Hadzavdic S, Maibach H, Matsunaga K, Mowitz M, Nixon R, Pailin P, Pratt M, Schuttelaar MLA, Sukakul T, Verma K, Zimerson E, Özkaya E, Svedman C. Analysis of Hexavalent Chromium in Cement Samples From Countries Within and Outside the EU: A Study From the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Dermatitis 2023; 34:323-328. [PMID: 37001151 DOI: 10.1089/derm.2022.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) caused by hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is often severe and difficult to treat. The content of Cr(VI) in cement can be reduced by, for example, addition of iron(II) sulfate. Since 2005 the content of Cr(VI) in cement is regulated in the EU Directive 2003/53/EC and must not exceed 2 ppm. Since this regulation came into force, ACD caused by cement has markedly been reduced. Objective: To investigate Cr(VI) and total chromium content in samples of cement from countries within and outside the EU. Methods: The members of the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group (ICDRG) were invited to participate in the study with the aim to collect cement samples from geographically different areas. The content of Cr(VI) in the samples was estimated by the diphenyl carbazide spot test, atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to assess the total chromium content. Results: Forty-five cement samples were analyzed, containing amounts of Cr(VI) from <0.1 to >70 ppm. Twenty-one samples contained >2 ppm Cr(VI), 24 contained less. Four of 17 samples from within the EU contained >2 ppm Cr(VI), that is, higher amounts than stipulated in the EU directive, as compared with 17 samples from countries outside the EU. Conclusion: In countries outside the EU, significantly more cement samples contained >2 ppm Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Lejding
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lena Persson
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Klaus Ejner Andersen
- Department of Dermatology, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Magnus Bruze
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ludmyla Derevyanko
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Kyiv Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Peter Elsner
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Margarida Gonçalo
- University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - An Goossens
- Department of Dermatology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mehmet Ali Gülgün
- Sabancı University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Tuzla-Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Suzana Ljubojevic Hadzavdic
- Department of Dermatovenereology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Kišpatićeva, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Howard Maibach
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kayoko Matsunaga
- Department of Integrative Medical Science for Allergic Disease, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Martin Mowitz
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Rosemary Nixon
- Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre, Skin Health Institute, Carlton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Melanie Pratt
- University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Thanisorn Sukakul
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kaushal Verma
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Erik Zimerson
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Esen Özkaya
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Çapa-Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- From the Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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8
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Bruze M, Ahlgren C, Isaksson M, Kroona L. Late-appearing patch test reactions to carvone do not need to be signs of active sensitization. Contact Dermatitis 2023. [PMID: 37315567 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Camilla Ahlgren
- Folktandvården Skåne Academy, Region Skåne, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Liv Kroona
- Faculty of Odontology, Department of Oral Pathology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
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9
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Piñero-García F, Thomas R, Mantero J, Forssell-Aronsson E, Isaksson M. Biodistribution of naturally occurring radionuclides and radiocesium in wild European perch (Perca fluviatilis). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 260:115085. [PMID: 37267782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Wild European perch (Perca fluviatilis) is one of the most important freshwater fish species, in Sweden, due to its widespread and his value for recreational fishing. Little it is known regarding the biodistribution of naturally occurring radionuclides such as 238U, 234U, 226Ra, 210Po in perch. Therefore, in this study, perches from five lakes located in different counties in Sweden were collected to investigate the biodistribution of 238U, 234U, 226Ra, 210Po and 137Cs in organs and tissues of perch as well as their radiological impact. The results showed that uranium radionuclides ranged between 0.1 and 6 Bq/kg with an average value of 1.1 ± 1.5 Bq/kg. 226Ra varied from 0.4 to 8 Bq/kg with a mean concentration of 1.7 ± 1.9 Bq/kg. The ranged of 210Po was 0.5 - 250 Bq/kg, with an average value of 24 ± 52 Bq/kg. On the other hand, the highest activity concentration of 137Cs, 151 ± 1 Bq/kg, was detected in muscle samples of perch from Redsjösjön lake. For uranium radionuclides and 226Ra uptake from water is the main source whereas for 210Po and 137Cs the uptake is controlled by the perch diet. Regarding naturally occurring radionuclides, the perch tended to accumulated uranium radionuclides in fins, gills, and skin; 226Ra in bones, fins and skin and 210Po in the organs linked to digestive system. Finally, in case of consumption, it is advised the consumption of skinned fillets of perch due to the higher bioaccumulation of the radionuclides investigated in the skin and scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Piñero-García
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden.
| | - R Thomas
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden
| | - J Mantero
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden; Department of Applied Physics II, ETSA, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain
| | - E Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden; Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden
| | - M Isaksson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg SE-413 45, Sweden
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10
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Insulander Björk K, Thomas R, Holgersson S, Isaksson M. Experimental determination of concentration factors of Mn, Zn and I in the phytoplankton species Phaeodactylum Tricornutum. J Environ Radioact 2023; 261:107134. [PMID: 36805951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic radionuclides released into the environment cause a radiation dose to wildlife and humans which must be quantified, both to assess the effect of normal releases, and to predict the consequences of a larger, unplanned release. To estimate the spread of the radioactive elements, the ecosystem around release points is modelled, and element uptake is usually quantified by concentration factors (CF), which relates the concentration of an element in an organism to the concentration of the same element in a medium under equilibrium conditions. In this work, we experimentally determine some phytoplankton CF that are needed for improved modelling of the marine ecosystems around nuclear facilities and release points. CFs that require better determination have been identified through literature search. Sensitivity studies, using the currently used ecosystem modelling software PREDO, show that for most studied groups, the dose committed by the respective radionuclides is almost proportional to the corresponding phytoplankton CFs. In the present work, CFs are determined through laboratory experiments with cultured phytoplankton and radionuclides of the concerned elements, assessing the element uptake by the phytoplankton through detection of the emitted radiation. The three CF assessed in this work were those for manganese, zinc and iodine in phytoplankton. Conservative estimates of these CF based on the present data are 40 000 L/kg for manganese, 50 000 L/kg for zinc and 180 L/kg for iodine with the phytoplankton masses referring to their dry weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Insulander Björk
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - R Thomas
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Holgersson
- Division of Energy and Materials, Department of Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden
| | - M Isaksson
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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11
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Isaksson M, Bergendorff O, Hamnerius N, Pontén A, Svedman C, Hauksson I, Bruze M. Active sensitization to dimethylthiocarbamylbenzothiazol sulphide: An unexpectedly strong rubber contact allergen. Contact Dermatitis 2023; 88:472-479. [PMID: 36975130 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The two dialkylthiocarbamyl benzothiazole sulphides, dimethyl-thiocarbamylbenzothiazole sulphide (DMTBS) and diethylthio-carbamylbenzothiazole sulphide (DETBS) were shown to be good markers of both thiuram and mercaptobenzothiazole sensitivity. OBJECTIVES To investigate if DMTBS and/or DETBS could be better markers of contact allergy to common rubber additives than the ones currently used. METHODS Sixty-eight dermatitis patients were patch tested with DMTBS and DETBS, both at 1% in petrolatum (pet). Because of late reactions in 10 patients, these were retested to DMTBS and DETBS in serial dilutions. Tetramethylthiuram monosulphide (TMTM) 1.0% pet was also tested. RESULTS At the initial reading Days 3 and 7, no reactions were noted to DMTBS or DETBS. At retesting, 10 of the 68 (15%) patients reacted positively to lower concentrations of DMTBS than the initial test concentration. Seven of 8 also reacted to TMTM. Three of them had positive reactions to DEBTS. All 10 patients had reactions to more diluted solutions to DMBTS than to DEBTS (p = 0.0077; Mc-Nemar test, two-sided). CONCLUSIONS Results speak for patch test sensitization to DMTBS with cross-reactivity to TMTM and also DEBTS. DMTBS and DEBTS could be new markers of rubber allergy but a safe test concentration must be found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ola Bergendorff
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Nils Hamnerius
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ann Pontén
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Inese Hauksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, SE-205 02, Malmö, Sweden
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12
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Kroona L, Ahlgren C, Dahlin J, Isaksson M, Bruze M. Use test with l-carvone in toothpaste on sensitized individuals. Contact Dermatitis 2023; 88:463-471. [PMID: 36929649 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mint flavour carvone (l-carvone) is considered a weak contact allergen. However, contact allergy to carvone is more prevalent in patients with oral lichen planus or oral lichenoid lesions (OLP/OLL). OBJECTIVE Our aim was to investigate how carvone affects sensitized individuals through a use test with toothpaste containing carvone. Non-flavoured toothpaste served as control. METHODS Subjects were patch tested prior to the use test-14 subjects allergic to carvone (11 with OLP/OLL), 20 subjects with OLP/OLL and 3 healthy controls. The month-long use test comprised of using toothpaste twice daily. Subjects were examined fortnightly. Clinical signs were assessed with a mucosal scoring system. The subjects' oral health-related quality of life was measured with the oral health impact profile (OHIP-49). RESULTS Local reactions to the carvone toothpaste presented as aggravated OLL (7/10) and peri-oral eczema (2/10) in allergic subjects. They also had significantly higher mucosal and OHIP scores compared with those receiving non-flavoured toothpaste. CONCLUSION In sensitized individuals, oral exposure to carvone gives aggravated oral lesions and/or peri-oral eczema. The lesions mimic OLP and allergic individuals are therefore at risk of not being assessed with regard to flavour contact allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Kroona
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Camilla Ahlgren
- Department of Health Promotion, Folktandvården Skåne, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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13
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Midander K, Werner P, Isaksson M, Wisgrill L, Lidén C, Fyhrquist N, Julander A. Cobalt nanoparticles cause allergic contact dermatitis in humans. Br J Dermatol 2023; 188:278-287. [PMID: 36637098 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cobalt (Co) causes allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and the emerging use of Co nanoparticles (CoNPs) warrants gaining further insight into its potential to elicit ACD in sensitized individuals. OBJECTIVES The aims of the study were to clarify to what extent CoNPs may elicit ACD responses in participants with Co contact allergy, and to evaluate whether the nanoparticles cause a distinct immune response compared with cobalt chloride (CoCl2) in the skin reactions. METHODS Fourteen individuals with Co contact allergy were exposed to CoNPs, CoCl2, a Co-containing hard-metal disc (positive control), and an empty test chamber (negative control) by patch testing. Allergic responses were evaluated clinically by a dermatologist at Days 2, 4 and 7. At Day 2, patch-test chambers were removed, and remaining test-substance and skin-wipe samples were collected for inductive-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. Additionally, skin biopsies were taken from patch-test reactions at Day 4 for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, histopathology and ICP-MS analysis of Co skin penetration. RESULTS Patch testing with CoNPs elicited allergic reactions in Co-sensitized individuals. At all timepoints, clinical assessment revealed significantly lower frequencies of positive patch-test reactions to CoNPs compared with CoCl2 or to the positive control. CoNPs elicited comparable immune responses to CoCl2. Chemical analysis of Co residues in patch-test filters, and on skin, shows lower doses for CoNPs compared with CoCl2. CONCLUSIONS CoNPs potently elicit immune responses in Co-sensitized individuals. Even though patch testing with CoNPs resulted in a lower skin dose than CoCl2, identical immunological profiles were present. Further research is needed to identify the potential harm of CoNPs to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Midander
- IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulina Werner
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lukas Wisgrill
- Division of Neonatology, Pediatric Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Carola Lidén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nanna Fyhrquist
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anneli Julander
- IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Wilkinson SM, Gonçalo M, Aerts O, Badulici S, Dickel H, Gallo R, Garcia-Abujeta JL, Giménez-Arnau AM, Hamman C, Hervella M, Isaksson M, Johansen JD, Mahler V, Niklasson B, Pigatto P, Ponyai G, Rustemeyer T, Schuttelaar MLA, Spiewak R, Stingeni L, Thyssen JP, Uter W. The European baseline series and recommended additions: 2023. Contact Dermatitis 2023; 88:87-92. [PMID: 36443008 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The European baseline series was last updated in 2019. This article discusses the reasoning behind a further iteration of the series for 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margarida Gonçalo
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Olivier Aerts
- University Hospital Antwerp (UZA) and University of Antwerp (UA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sonia Badulici
- Alfa Medical Services, Bucharest, Romania.,Dermato-Aesthetic Institute Dr. Irinel Nedelcu, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Heinrich Dickel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, St. Josef Hospital, University Medical Centre, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Rosella Gallo
- Clinica Dermatologica-DISSAL-Università di Genova Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Ana M Giménez-Arnau
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, IMIM, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Curt Hamman
- Contact Dermatitis Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Marcos Hervella
- Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jeanne D Johansen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev-Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
| | | | | | - Paolo Pigatto
- IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, Milan Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gyorgyi Ponyai
- Department of Dermatology-Venerology and Dermato-oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Marie L A Schuttelaar
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Luca Stingeni
- Dermatology Section, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Jacob P Thyssen
- Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Uter
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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15
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Christiansen AG, Carstensen O, Sommerlund M, Clausen PA, Bønløkke JH, Schlünssen V, Isaksson M, Schmidt SAJ, Kolstad HA. Prevalence of skin sensitization and dermatitis among epoxy-exposed workers in the wind turbine industry. Br J Dermatol 2022; 187:988-996. [PMID: 35972390 PMCID: PMC10087335 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.21830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high prevalence of skin sensitization and dermatitis has been reported among workers exposed to epoxy components. OBJECTIVES To estimate the risk of skin sensitization and dermatitis among workers exposed to epoxy components during production of wind turbine blades while using comprehensive safety measures. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 180 highly epoxy-exposed production workers and 41 nonexposed office workers was conducted at two wind turbine blade factories in Denmark. Participants underwent a skin examination, were tested with a tailored patch test panel including epoxy-containing products used at the factories, and answered a questionnaire. RESULTS Sixteen production workers (8·9%) were sensitized to an epoxy component compared with none of the office workers. Skin sensitization was more frequent within the first year of exposed employment. Strong selection bias by atopic status was indicated. Among nonatopic workers, the prevalence of dermatitis was higher among production workers (16·4%) than among office workers [6·5%, odds ratio (OR) 2·3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·6-9·1] and higher among the sensitized workers (43·8%) than the nonsensitized workers (14·6%, OR 4·5, 95% CI 1·6-12·7). Resins based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and F were the most frequent sensitizers. One of the four workers sensitized to epoxy components used at the factories did not react to the epoxy resin of the TRUE test® panel. CONCLUSIONS Despite comprehensive skin protection, sensitization and dermatitis are prevalent among highly epoxy-exposed workers in the wind turbine industry in Denmark. Our findings document the need for intensified preventive efforts and emphasize the importance of tailored patch testing. What is already known about this topic? Epoxy components are well-known sensitizers of the skin. A high prevalence of skin sensitization and dermatitis has been reported among workers exposed to epoxy components. Comprehensive protective equipment is recommended when working with epoxy components. What does this study add? Despite comprehensive skin protection, skin sensitization and dermatitis are prevalent among epoxy-exposed workers. We found that 40% of workers sensitized to epoxy products had dermatitis. Only 75% of the sensitized workers were detected by the epoxy resin of the TRUE test® , which emphasizes the importance of tailored testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra G Christiansen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole Carstensen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, The Regional Hospital Goedstrup, University Research Clinic, Herning, Denmark
| | - Mette Sommerlund
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Per A Clausen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob H Bønløkke
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skane University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sigrun A J Schmidt
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik A Kolstad
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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16
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Linauskiene K, Zimerson E, Sörensen Ö, Antelmi A, Bruze M, Dahlin J, Malinauskiene L, Stenton J, Svedman C, Isaksson M. Patch test results to extracts of synthetic garments in textile dye positive patients. Contact Dermatitis 2022; 87:325-330. [PMID: 35818106 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disperse dyes (DDs) are the most prevalent causes of textile-related allergic contact dermatitis and are used for coloring synthetic textile materials based on fibers such as polyester, acrylic, acetate and polyamide. Eight DDs are included in a textile dye mix (TDM) 6.6% petrolatum (pet.) in the European baseline patch test series. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to patch test TDM 6.6% pet. Positive individuals with the extracts of synthetic fiber clothes that do not contain any of the pure DDs present in the TDM 6.6% to study the reactivity pattern. METHODS Seventy-three TDM-positive former patients tested between 2012-2017 at the Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology in Malmö, Sweden were invited to join the study, 10 participated. Twenty-four textile items (collected in 9 countries in Europe, Asia and North America in 2012) were extracted in dichloromethane. The TDM 6.6% was patch tested simultaneously with the 24 textile item preparations in petrolatum made from the extracts. Prior to patch testing the participants filled the 7-question questionnaire regarding possible symptoms from textile exposure. RESULTS Ten individuals, agreed to join the study. Eight of them reacted to TDM 6.6%. Nine participants reacted to 20 of 24 extracts. One reacted to 19 extracts, another to 14, 3 to 5 extracts, 1 to 4, 1 to 3 extracts and 2 to 2 extracts. One was negative to all tested preparations including TDM 6.6%. The participants mainly reacted to 6 textile extracts. All controls tested negatively to tested extracts. Four individuals of the 10 TDM-allergic individuals previously had had problems after wearing clothes. Four out of the 10 participants had had atopic eczema in childhood. All women had dyed their hair with permanent hair dyes but none of the males. CONCLUSION TDM - positive patients react to textile extracts made from synthetic garments, even if they do not contain any of the pure DDs present in TDM 6.6%. More studies are needed to pin-point the culprit haptens in these extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotryna Linauskiene
- Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest diseases, Immunology and Allergology, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Lund University, Skane University Hospital Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Erik Zimerson
- Lund University, Skane University Hospital Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Östen Sörensen
- Lund University, Skane University Hospital Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Annarita Antelmi
- Lund University, Skane University Hospital Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Lund University, Skane University Hospital Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Lund University, Skane University Hospital Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Laura Malinauskiene
- Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest diseases, Immunology and Allergology, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Lund University, Skane University Hospital Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Joanna Stenton
- Lund University, Skane University Hospital Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Lund University, Skane University Hospital Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Lund University, Skane University Hospital Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö, Sweden
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17
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Lim SO, Isaksson M, Persson L, Dahlin J, Bruze M. Cosmetic preservative labelling in philippine products in accordance with philippine regulations. Contact Dermatitis 2022; 86:524-530. [PMID: 35150015 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preservatives are usually added to a wide array of consumer products to prevent growth of microbes and to prevent product destabilization and degradation. However, many of these preservatives are common skin sensitizers and may cause allergic contact dermatitis. The amount of preservatives may vary per country or region according to their respective legislation, and may be reported in differences in prevalence rates of contact dermatitis. OBJECTIVE To examine and identify preservatives in consumer products in accordance with Philippine legislation. To verify the accuracy of the list of ingredients of Philippine cosmetic products as legislated by the Philippine Bureau of Food and Drug Administration. METHODS A total of 65 commonly used Philippine consumer products ranging from liquid facial and body washes, bar soaps, laundry detergents, feminine hygiene washes and wipes, shampoos and conditioners, sunblock, and moisturizers were selected. Ingredients noted on labels were documented. Products were subsequently investigated chemically for the presence of either methylchloroisothiazolinone, methylisothiazolinone, and formaldehyde. RESULTS The preservatives most commonly used in cosmetic products in the Philippine market are: methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI), methylisothiazolinone (MI), and/or formaldehyde. In accordance with Philippine legislation, almost all products provided a detailed ingredient list as printed on the packaging. Measurements of MCI/MI ranged from less than 1 ppm to 16 ppm, and MI only ranged from less than 1 ppm to 66 ppm, whereas formaldehyde was noted to range from less than 2.5 ppm to greater than 40 ppm in the products tested. Most products are manufactured by international brands with a few products being manufactured locally. CONCLUSIONS The preservatives found in cosmetic products were MCI, MI and formaldehyde. There were discrepancies found in the preservatives and labelling of these products, with a majority of investigated Philippine products labelled inaccurately with varying concentrations of preservatives. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Osmena Lim
- Philippine Dermatological Society; Makati Medical Center, Manila, Philippines.,Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Lena Persson
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmo, Sweden
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18
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Jacobsen G, Rasmussen K, Bregnhøj A, Isaksson M, Diepgen TL, Carstensen O. Causes of irritant contact dermatitis after occupational skin exposure: a systematic review. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2022; 95:35-65. [PMID: 34665298 PMCID: PMC8755674 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01781-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is a major cause of occupational disease. The aim was to review the relation between exposure to occupational irritants and ICD and the prognosis of ICD. METHODS Through a systematic search, 1516 titles were identified, and 48 studies were included in the systematic review. RESULTS We found that the evidence for an association between ICD and occupational irritants was strong for wet work, moderate for detergents and non-alcoholic disinfectants, and strong for a combination. The highest quality studies provided limited evidence for an association with use of occlusive gloves without other exposures and moderate evidence with simultaneous exposure to other wet work irritants. The evidence for an association between minor ICD and exposure to metalworking fluids was moderate. Regarding mechanical exposures, the literature was scarce and the evidence limited. We found that the prognosis for complete healing of ICD is poor, but improves after decrease of exposure through change of occupation or work tasks. There was no substantial evidence for an influence of gender, age, or household exposures. Inclusion of atopic dermatitis in the analysis did not alter the risk of ICD. Studies were at risk of bias, mainly due to selection and misclassification of exposure and outcome. This may have attenuated the results. CONCLUSION This review reports strong evidence for an association between ICD and a combination of exposure to wet work and non-alcoholic disinfectants, moderate for metalworking fluids, limited for mechanical and glove exposure, and a strong evidence for a poor prognosis of ICD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitte Jacobsen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Regional Hospital West Jutland, University Research Clinic, Herning, Denmark.
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Hospital South West Jutland, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark.
| | - Kurt Rasmussen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Regional Hospital West Jutland, University Research Clinic, Herning, Denmark
| | - Anne Bregnhøj
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Thomas L Diepgen
- Department of Clinical Social Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ole Carstensen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Regional Hospital West Jutland, University Research Clinic, Herning, Denmark
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19
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Wright L, Florez M, Isaksson M, Lambert G, Marwick T. Current Applications of Remote Robot-Assisted Cardiac Ultrasound Examination: A Systematic Review of Clinical Use and Technological limitations. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Andernord D, Bruze M, Bryngelsson IL, Bråred Christensson J, Glas B, Hagvall L, Isaksson M, Matura M, Nyman G, Stenberg B, Svedman C, Lindberg M. Contact allergy to haptens in the Swedish baseline series: Results from the Swedish Patch Test Register (2010 to 2017). Contact Dermatitis 2021; 86:175-188. [PMID: 34704261 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic contact dermatitis has considerable public health impact and causative haptens vary over time. OBJECTIVES To report the prevalence of contact allergy to allergens in the Swedish baseline series 2010 to 2017, as registered in the Swedish Patch Test Register. METHODS Results and demographic information for patients tested with the Swedish baseline series in 2010 to 2017 were analysed. RESULTS Data for 21 663 individuals (females 69%) were included. Females had significantly more positive patch tests (54% vs 40%). The reaction prevalence rates were highest for nickel sulfate (20.7%), fragrance mix I (7.1%), Myroxylon pereirae (6.9%), potassium dichromate (6.9%), cobalt chloride (6.8%), methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI; 6.4%), MI (3.7%), colophonium (3.5%), fragrance mix II (3.2%), and formaldehyde (3.2%). Myroxylon pereirae reaction prevalence increased from 5% in 2010 to 9% in 2017 and that for methyldibromo glutaronitrile from 3.1% to 4.6%. MCI/MI and MI reactions decreased in prevalence after 2014. Nickel reaction prevalence decreased among females aged 10 to 19 years. CONCLUSIONS Nickel remains the most common sensitizing agent, with reaction prevalence decreasing among females younger than 20 years. The changes in MCI/MI and MI reaction prevalence mirrored those in Europe. The register can reveal changes in contact allergy prevalence over time among patients patch tested in Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Andernord
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden.,Centre for Clinical Research and Education, Region Värmland, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ing-Liss Bryngelsson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Johanna Bråred Christensson
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bo Glas
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lina Hagvall
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mihály Matura
- Department of Dermatology, Skaraborg Hospital Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Nyman
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Berndt Stenberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Lindberg
- Department of Dermatology, Örebro University Hospital and Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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21
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Ahrensbøll-Friis U, Simonsen AB, Dahlin J, Isaksson M, Zachariae C, Johansen JD. Allergic contact dermatitis from dyes used in the temple of spectacles. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 86:25-28. [PMID: 34655078 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We observed an increasing number of patients who presented with facial or retro-auricular dermatitis after skin contact with plastic spectacles or plastic covered temples. OBJECTIVES To identify the allergens in plastic spectacles that may cause allergic contact dermatitis. METHODS All patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis to eyewear were tested with Solvent Orange 60 (SO60), four additionally with Solvent Yellow 14 (SY14), and five with scrapings from their own spectacles. In one case, a chemical analysis of the spectacles was performed to uncover the causative allergen. RESULTS Three patients were allergic to SO60, two patients to SY14, and two patients were allergic to both SO60 and SY14. CONCLUSION Patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis from spectacles should be tested with SO60 and SY14, and based on findings from previous reports, also with Solvent Red 179.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrik Ahrensbøll-Friis
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Anne Birgitte Simonsen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Claus Zachariae
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Jeanne Duus Johansen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
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22
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Sukakul T, Bruze M, Mowitz M, Antelmi A, Bergendorff O, Björk J, Dahlin J, Hamnerius N, Hauksson I, Isaksson M, Lejding T, Pontén A, Svedman C. Contact allergy to oxidized linalool and oxidized limonene: Patch testing in consecutive patients with dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 86:15-24. [PMID: 34561893 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contact allergy to oxidized (ox.) linalool and ox. limonene has been reported to have a high prevalence, raising the question of inclusion into the baseline series. However, several important issues should be clarified and further investigated before inclusion can be warranted. OBJECTIVES To report the trends of ox. terpenes allergy in patients with dermatitis, features of the patch test reactions, and clinical characteristics of the patients. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 5773 patients was performed. All patients were patch tested with baseline series, individual ingredients of fragrance mix I and II, ox. linalool, and ox. limonene from 2013 to 2020. RESULTS The prevalence rates of contact allergy to ox. linalool and ox. limonene were 7.0% and 5.1%, respectively. Significantly increasing trends of contact allergy were observed. More than 95% of contact allergy cases were identified on Day 3/4. Patients with contact allergy to ox. linalool and ox. limonene were significantly younger than those with contact allergy to other fragrances and were predominantly female. Strong reactions were associated with older age and multiple fragrance allergies. CONCLUSIONS Contact allergy to ox. linalool and ox. limonene is becoming increasingly important, and findings show intriguing features. More studies concerning the clinical relevance before recommending these substances for screening are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanisorn Sukakul
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Martin Mowitz
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Annarita Antelmi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ola Bergendorff
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jonas Björk
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Clinical Studies Sweden, Forum South, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Nils Hamnerius
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Inese Hauksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tina Lejding
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ann Pontén
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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23
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Pesqué D, March-Rodriguez Á, Dahlin J, Isaksson M, Pujol RM, Giménez-Arnau E, Giménez-Arnau AM. Bikini textile contact dermatitis: A Sherlockian approach revealing 2.4-dichlorophenol as a potential textile contact allergen. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 85:679-685. [PMID: 34291473 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different textile constituents may act as allergens and/or irritants and provoke textile contact dermatitis (TCD). OBJECTIVES To report a case of TCD caused by ethylene glycol monododecyl ether and 2.4-dichlorophenol, present in a bikini. METHODS A woman presented with an eczematous, pruritic rash in the area of the bikini straps and back. Patch testing was performed with the European baseline, textile, sunscreen, and photo-patch series, the bikini "as is", and ethanol and acetone extracts of the bikini. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) of the extracts and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis were used to elucidate the culprit agents. RESULTS Positive reactions were found to the bikini "as is" and to the ethanol and acetone extracts. Patch testing with TLC strips showed a strong reaction to spots-fractions 3 and 4. GC-MS was performed to identify substances in each fraction and those suspected to be skin sensitisers were patch tested. On day (D) 4 positive reactions to ethylene glycol monododecyl ether (irritant reaction) and 2.4-dichlorophenol (++) were observed. CONCLUSION A myriad of chemical compounds can be found in clothing. Ethylene glycol monododecyl ether and 2.4-dichlorophenol were identified as the potential culprits of this bikini TCD. HIGHLIGHTS We have combined chemical analyses (thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) to study a case of textile contact dermatitis. As such, the presence of a myriad of chemical compounds was found in a bikini, suggesting that clothing in general may become impregnated or contaminated by a wide range of external substances that may be harmful to the skin. Textile contact dermatitis could in this case be attributed to ethylene glycol monododecyl ether (CAS No. 4536-30-5) and 2.4-dichlorophenol (CAS No. 120-83-2), the latter not yet previously described as a textile contact allergen.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pesqué
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar- Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvaro March-Rodriguez
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar- Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ramon M Pujol
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar- Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Giménez-Arnau
- Dermatochemistry Laboratory, University of Strasbourg, Institute of Chemistry, CNRS UMR 7177, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ana M Giménez-Arnau
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar- Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Hansen ML, Sommerlund M, Isaksson M, Kolstad HA. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis to 4,4-methylenebis(cyclohexylisocyanate). Contact Dermatitis 2021; 85:469-470. [PMID: 33966278 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mette L Hansen
- Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mette Sommerlund
- Department of Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Henrik A Kolstad
- Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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25
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Wilkinson SM, Badulici S, Giménez-Arnau A, Dickel H, Gonçalo M, Hervella M, Isaksson M, Johansen JD, Mahler V, Thyssen JP, Uter W. The European baseline series: Criteria for allergen inclusion (with reference to formaldehyde releasers). Contact Dermatitis 2021; 85:125-128. [PMID: 33745196 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Existing criteria for inclusion in the European baseline series are summarized. Additional criteria are developed to aid decision making where the current criteria do not yield an unequivocal result. These include a consideration of whether an allergen (hapten) is better placed in a special series and the frequency with which an allergen cross-reacts with existing markers in the baseline series.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mark Wilkinson
- Department of Dermatology, Chapel Allerton CSU, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Ana Giménez-Arnau
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mediques, Universitat Autónoma, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Heinrich Dickel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Margarida Gonçalo
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marcos Hervella
- Servicio de Dermatología, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jeanne D Johansen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev-Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
| | | | - Jacob P Thyssen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev-Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Uter
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Erlangen/Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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26
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Linauskiene K, Dahlin J, Ezerinskis Z, Isaksson M, Sapolaite J, Malinauskiene L. Occupational exposure to nickel, cobalt, and chromium in the Lithuanian hard metal industry. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 84:247-253. [PMID: 33277692 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metalworkers are said to have heavy exposure to metals, but the amount of released metal ions from alloys and deposition on the hands is unknown. OBJECTIVE To analyze nickel, cobalt, and chromium in vitro release to the artificial sweat from nails and wire made of different alloys, and to test metal deposition on the fingers of metalworkers. MATERIAL AND METHODS Six different samples of nails and wire were kept in artificial sweat for 24 hours and one week, respectively. The metal release was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Eighty-eight consecutive metal plant workers immersed their index fingers and thumbs in separate laboratory tubes filled with deionized water for 2 minutes. The sample analysis for metals was carried out with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). RESULTS The average released concentration of Ni was 0.0012 μg/cm2 , for Co it was 0.0007 μg/cm2 , and for Cr 0.0037 μg/cm2 after 24 hours and 0.0135, 0.0029, and 0.0042 μg/cm2 , respectively, after 1 week. There was a statistically significant increase in released concentration of Ni during one week: 0.0012 μg/cm2 vs 0.0135 μg/cm2 (P = .04). Medians of the detected Co amount on fingers reflected a statistically significant difference between workplaces: 0.004 μg/cm2 for metalworkers vs 0.001 μg/cm2 for office staff (P = .04). CONCLUSION Nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and chromium (Cr) can be released in different concentrations from nails and wire. Detected Ni and Cr levels can elicit dermatitis in already sensitized patients. Co can be extracted from alloys even if not mentioned on material safety data sheets. The finger immersion technique was used for cobalt and chromium detection on fingers for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotryna Linauskiene
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest diseases, Immunology and Allergology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jacob Dahlin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Zilvinas Ezerinskis
- Department for Nuclear Technologies, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Justina Sapolaite
- Department for Nuclear Technologies, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Laura Malinauskiene
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest diseases, Immunology and Allergology, Vilnius, Lithuania
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27
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Luu H, Mowitz M, Bruze M, Engfeldt M, Isaksson M, Svedman C. A comparative study between the two patch test systems Finn chambers and Finn chambers AQUA. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 84:290-298. [PMID: 33368411 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Finn Chambers AQUA (FCA) is a development of the Finn Chambers (FC) test system in which the test chambers are mounted on a moisture-resistant adhesive patch. FCA has pre-fixed filter papers. Because the use of FCA does not require any extra taping or use of separate filter papers, a change from FC to FCA chambers may be beneficial for both patients and patch test technicians. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether there are any differences regarding detection of contact allergy when simultaneous patch testing is performed with FC and FCA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Results from 434 dermatitis patients simultaneously tested with 10 allergens in both FC and FCA were evaluated. RESULTS There were no significant differences regarding detection of positive reactions between the two test systems. There were significantly more doubtful reactions to methylisothiazolinone, fragrance mix I and hydroperoxides of linalool when testing with FCA. We only observed significantly more doubtful reactions in FC regarding nickel(II)sulfate. Irritant reactions to formaldehyde were also significantly more common when using FCA. CONCLUSION The FC and FCA had good agreement in detection of positive reactions. However, the results including doubtful and irritant reactions justify further research regarding optimization of the dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Luu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Martin Mowitz
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Malin Engfeldt
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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28
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Isaksson M, Rustemeyer T, Antelmi A. Contact Allergy to Dental Materials and Implants. Contact Dermatitis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36335-2_39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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30
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Sukakul T, Dahlin J, Pontén A, Antelmi A, Bruze M, Hamnerius N, Hauksson I, Isaksson M, Lejding T, Svedman C. Contact allergy to polyhexamethylene biguanide (polyaminopropyl biguanide). Contact Dermatitis 2020; 84:326-331. [PMID: 33098110 PMCID: PMC8048451 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Polyaminopropyl biguanide (INCI name) and polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) are polymeric biguanides. PHMB is a broad‐spectrum antimicrobial substance used as a preservative in many products. Due to our limited knowledge on PHMB contact allergy frequency and the fact that cases of allergic contact dermatitis to PHMB might be missed, we have included PHMB as a screening allergen since 2016. Objective To report the prevalence of positive patch test reactions to PHMB as a screening allergen in patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis. Methods A retrospective analysis of 1760 patch tested patients from July 2016 to December 2018 was performed. Polyaminopropyl biguanide 2.0% aqua was included in the extended Malmö baseline series during the study period. Results Of all patients, 1204 (68.4%) were female. Positive patch test reactions were reported in 19 patients (1.1%). The most common sites of lesions were face, head, and neck (52.6%). There was a significant correlation between concomitant reactions to PHMB and other cosmetic‐related allergens. Conclusion The prevalence of positive reactions to PHMB was higher than that previously reported. Patch testing with PHMB should be performed in patients with dermatitis who have lesions on the face, head, and neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanisorn Sukakul
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ann Pontén
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Annarita Antelmi
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Nils Hamnerius
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Inese Hauksson
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tina Lejding
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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31
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Thomas R, Mantero J, Pérez-Moreno SM, Ruiz-Canovas C, Vioque I, Isaksson M, Forssell-Aronsson E, Holm E, García-Tenorio R. 226Ra, 210Po and lead isotopes in a pit lake water profile in Sweden. J Environ Radioact 2020; 223-224:106384. [PMID: 32919820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A pit lake arises as a consequence of anthropogenic activities in opencast mining areas. These water bodies may be enriched in hazardous stable contaminants and/or in naturally occurring radionuclides depending on the local geological conditions. Mining legacy in Sweden produced hundreds of these pit lakes and most of them are used for recreational purposes in the southern part of the country. In this paper, one pit lake was selected for having enhanced levels of natural radionuclides. Physico-chemical parameters (temperature, pH, oxidation-reduction potential, dissolved oxygen and depth), elemental composition (via Inductive Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) and radiometric characterization (via alpha spectrometry of 226Ra, 210Po and 210Pb) were carried along the depth of a 60 m depth pit lake, with the main aim to describe how natural radionuclides and elements behaves with depth in a non-uraniferous pit lake. Based on observed changes in physico-chemical parameters, a thermocline and a chemocline region were identified at around 10 and 30 m depth respectively. Concerning radionuclides, 226Ra ranged from 75 ± 3 up to 360 ± 12 mBq/kg while 210Po ranged from 11 ± 1 up to 71 ± 3 mBq/kg. 210Pb distribution with depth was also determined via secular equilibrium with 210Po after 2 years and also stable Pb was measured. Disequilibrium 226Ra-210Pb was found and the residence time of 210Pb in the water column was assessed. Additionally, different vertical distributions between 210Pb and Pb were found which points out different sources for different lead isotopes in the water body.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Thomas
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 413 45, Sweden
| | - J Mantero
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 413 45, Sweden; Department of Applied Physics II, ETSA, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, 41012 Spain.
| | - S M Pérez-Moreno
- Group of Radiation Physics and Environment, Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - C Ruiz-Canovas
- Department of Earth Sciences & Research Center on Natural Resources, Health and the Environment. University of Huelva, Huelva, 21071, Spain
| | - I Vioque
- Department of Applied Physics II, ETSA, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, 41012 Spain
| | - M Isaksson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 413 45, Sweden
| | - E Forssell-Aronsson
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 413 45, Sweden
| | - E Holm
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, 413 45, Sweden
| | - R García-Tenorio
- Department of Applied Physics II, ETSA, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, 41012 Spain; Spanish National Accelerator Centre (CNA), US-JA-CSIC, Sevilla, 41092, Spain
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32
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Isaksson M, Hagvall L, Glas B, Lagrelius M, Lidén C, Matura M, Nyman G, Stenberg B, Svedman C, Bruze M. Suitable test concentration of cobalt and concomitant reactivity to nickel and chromium: A multicentre study from the Swedish Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 84:153-158. [PMID: 32996589 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Sweden, cobalt chloride 0.5% has been included in the baseline series since the mid-1980s. A recent study from Stockholm showed that cobalt chloride 1% petrolatum (pet.) was more suitable than 0.5%. Cobalt chloride at 1.0% has been patch tested for decades in many European countries and around the world. OBJECTIVES To study the suitability of patch testing to cobalt 1.0% vs 0.5% and to analyze the co-occurrence of allergy to cobalt, chromium, and nickel. RESULTS Contact allergy to cobalt was shown in 90 patients (6.6%). Eighty (5.9%) patients tested positive to cobalt 1.0%. Thirty-seven of the 90 patients (41.1%) with cobalt allergy were missed by cobalt 0.5% and 10 (0.7%) were missed by cobalt 1.0% (P < .001). No case of patch test sensitization was reported. Allergy to chromium was seen in 2.6% and allergy to nickel in 13.3%. Solitary allergy to cobalt without nickel allergy was shown in 61.1% of cobalt-positive individuals. Female patients had larger proportions of positive reactions to cobalt (P = .036) and nickel (P < .001) than males. CONCLUSION The results speak in favor of replacing cobalt chloride 0.5% with cobalt chloride 1.0% pet. in the Swedish baseline series, which will be done 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marléne Isaksson
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lina Hagvall
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bo Glas
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Dermatology and Venereology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria Lagrelius
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carola Lidén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mihaly Matura
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology, Skaraborg's Hospital, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Nyman
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Berndt Stenberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Dermatology and Venereology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Stenton J, Dahlin J, Antelmi A, Bruze M, Svedman C, Zimerson E, Hamnerius N, Pontén A, Isaksson M. Patch testing with a textile dye mix with and without Disperse Orange 3. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 83:387-390. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Stenton
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Skane University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Skane University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - Annarita Antelmi
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Skane University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Skane University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Skane University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - Erik Zimerson
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Skane University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - Nils Hamnerius
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Skane University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - Ann Pontén
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Skane University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Skane University Hospital Malmö Sweden
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Rääf C, Finck R, Martinsson J, Hinrichsen Y, Isaksson M. Averting cumulative lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of cancer by decontamination of residential areas affected by a large-scale nuclear power plant fallout: time aspects of radiological benefits for newborns and adults. J Radiol Prot 2020; 40:790-814. [PMID: 32492663 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ab993a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The averted cumulative lifetime attributable risk (LAR), the residual dose and highest ground deposition of 137Cs complying with a reference dose level of 20 mSv yr-1 to an individual returning after one year to an area contaminated by unfiltered releases of fission products from a nuclear power plant (NPP) were evaluated by applying an existing exposure model designed to compute age- and gender-dependent time-integrated LAR. The model was applied to four types of nuclear fallout scenarios, partly based on data from the Chernobyl and Fukushima releases and from theoretical source terms from Swedish NPPs. For rapid decontamination measures that achieve a 50% relative reduction in external dose rate within 1 year, compliance with the reference level 20 mSv yr-1 can be attained for an initial 137Cs ground deposition of up to 2 MBq m-2 with relaxed food restrictions. This compliance can be attained at even higher ground deposition (up to 4.5 MBq m-2) if using the strict food restrictions employed in Japan after 2011. Considering longer than 1 year return times it was also found that the benefit of implementing decontamination decreases rapidly with time (2-3 years half-time), especially if the fallout has a high initial 134Cs to 137Cs activity ratio and if the ecological half-time of the external dose rate is short (<5 years). Depending on fallout scenario the averted cumulative LAR for newborn girls by decontamination that is achieved after 5 years is only between 6% and 11% of that obtained by evacuation alone during the same time, indicating a rather limited radiological benefit of decontamination if delayed more than a few years. We conclude that decision makers and emergency response planners need to consider that protracted decontamination measures may have limited radiological benefit compared with evacuation in terms of averted future cancer cases, albeit it may have other societal benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rääf
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Malmö, Lund University, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
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Linauskiene K, Isaksson M, Malinauskiene L. Heavy metals and the skin: Sensitization patterns in Lithuanian metalworkers. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 83:450-457. [PMID: 32729629 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metalworkers are exposed to many sensitizing and irritant substances. There are no published data on contact allergy in this population in the Baltic countries. OBJECTIVES To detect skin symptoms related to occupational exposure and to describe the reactivity pattern to the European baseline series in workers from two metal plants in Lithuania. METHODS In this cross-sectional study 185 metalworkers (154 production workers and 31 office staff) filled an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Patch testing was performed in 135 metalworkers and office staff, as a control group. RESULTS Metalworkers younger than 40 years complained statistically significantly more often of skin symptoms, especially on the hands and face, than older workers. Physician-diagnosed skin diseases were reported in 1.7% of cases. Metalworkers, working <20 years in the factory, more often had skin symptoms. Contact with chemicals at the workplace was suspected as the main factor provoking skin symptoms. Metalworkers were sensitized mainly to cobalt, and nickel was the most prevalent allergen among office staff. CONCLUSION Younger metalworkers more often had skin symptoms suspected of being work-related compared to older ones. Sensitization to cobalt was more prevalent in the metalworkers than in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotryna Linauskiene
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest diseases, Immunology and Allergology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Laura Malinauskiene
- Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest diseases, Immunology and Allergology, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Malinauskiene L, Šlekyte G, Mowitz M, Isaksson M, Zablockis R. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by isobornyl acrylate in two patients treated for idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 83:170-171. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Malinauskiene
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest diseases, Immunology and AllergologyVilnius University Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Goda Šlekyte
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest diseases, Immunology and AllergologyVilnius University Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Martin Mowitz
- Department of Occupational and Environmental DermatologySkåne University Hospital, Lund University Malmö Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental DermatologySkåne University Hospital, Lund University Malmö Sweden
| | - Rolandas Zablockis
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest diseases, Immunology and AllergologyVilnius University Vilnius Lithuania
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Isaksson M, Linauskiene K, Dahlin J. Skin problems in an opera choir. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 83:244-245. [PMID: 32342511 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marléne Isaksson
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kotryna Linauskiene
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.,Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest Diseases, Immunology and Allergology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Passlov HM, Pontén A, Björk J, Rosén B, Bruze M, Svedman C, Isaksson M. Hand strength and dexterity in individuals with hand eczema. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:2856-2862. [PMID: 32243631 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with hand eczema often describe symptoms such as pain, clumsiness and difficulty flexing their fingers, thus impairing the function of the hand. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether hand eczema is associated with a measurable impairment of hand strength and dexterity. We also studied the relationship between hand function and the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL), pain level and quality of life measured with the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). METHODS Twenty-one participants with ongoing hand eczema were examined with well-established methods for measuring hand grip strength, pinch strength and dexterity. A questionnaire was designed to investigate perceived ability to perform ADL. The participants were also asked to grade their current pain level, and the DLQI was used to assess the participants' quality of life. A group of 12 participants was reinvestigated when healed. RESULTS The participants demonstrated a significant improvement in all functional tests when healed. There was a strong correlation between ADL and both dexterity and hand grip strength. There was also a strong correlation between ADL and pain. All participants reported some difficulty performing ADL. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that ongoing hand eczema may lead to a measurable decrease of strength and dexterity of the hand, leading to an impairment of the ability to perform ADL and consequently to a poorer quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Passlov
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - A Pontén
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - J Björk
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - B Rosén
- Department of Hand Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - M Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - C Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - M Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Engfeldt M, Isaksson M, Bråred‐Christensson J, Hagvall L, Matura M, Ryberg K, Stenberg B, Svedman C, Bruze M. Can patch testing with methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone be optimized using a new diagnostic mix? – A multicenter study from the Swedish Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 82:283-289. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malin Engfeldt
- Department of Occupational and Environmental DermatologySkåne University Hospital, Lund University Malmö Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental DermatologySkåne University Hospital, Lund University Malmö Sweden
| | - Johanna Bråred‐Christensson
- Department of DermatologySahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Dermatochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Lina Hagvall
- Department of DermatologySahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Mihály Matura
- Department of Dermatology, Skaraborgs Hospital Skövde Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine Stockholm Sweden
| | - Kristina Ryberg
- Department of DermatologyRegion Västra Götaland, NU Hospital Group Uddevalla Sweden
| | - Berndt Stenberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Dermatology and VenereologyUmeå University Umeå Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental DermatologySkåne University Hospital, Lund University Malmö Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental DermatologySkåne University Hospital, Lund University Malmö Sweden
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40
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Isaksson M, Malinauskiene L. Contact Allergy to Textiles. Contact Dermatitis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_77-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Isaksson M, Rustemeyer T, Antelmi A. Contact Allergy to Dental Materials and Implants. Contact Dermatitis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_39-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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42
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Rosholm Comstedt L, Dahlin J, Bruze M, Åkesson A, Hindsén M, Pontén A, Isaksson M, Svedman C. Prevalence of contact allergy to metals: nickel, palladium, and cobalt in Southern Sweden from 1995-2016. Contact Dermatitis 2019; 82:218-226. [PMID: 31626332 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2001, the EU nickel directive was introduced to prevent contact allergy to nickel. Contact allergy to palladium and/or cobalt is often seen together with contact allergy to nickel. OBJECTIVES To compare the contact allergy prevalence of nickel, palladium, and cobalt allergy before and after the introduction of the EU nickel directive in consecutive patients with dermatitis. METHODS A retrospective analysis of patch test results from 1995-2016 was performed (n = 18 264). Chi-square tests were used to examine trends for nickel, palladium, and cobalt across test years. Logistic regression was used for associations. RESULTS The prevalence of nickel allergy decreased significantly in the youngest age group (6-30 years) for both female and male patients from 1995-1999 to 2012-2016: females: 33.4% to 19.1% (P < .001); males: 5.9% to 2.1% (P < .05). The concomitant reactions between nickel and palladium and nickel and cobalt among young females, respectively, also decreased significantly. Isolated palladium and cobalt allergy remained stable (1.4% and 2.3%, respectively) during the same time period for both men and women. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of nickel has decreased among young females and males suspected of contact allergy in Southern Sweden after the introduction of the EU nickel directive. There has been no change in isolated palladium or cobalt allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna Åkesson
- Clinical Studies Sweden - Forum South, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Monica Hindsén
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ann Pontén
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Lejding T, Engfeldt M, Bruze M, Isaksson M, Svedman C, Zimerson E, Verma K, Mowitz M. Skin application of glutathione and iron sulfate can inhibit elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis from hexavalent chromium. Contact Dermatitis 2019; 82:45-53. [PMID: 31584201 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) caused by hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), is often severe and difficult to treat. The most common source of exposure to Cr(VI) in Sweden used to be cement, and more recently leather. The contact allergy can be diminished or inhibited if the exposure is decreased or ceases. Barrier creams against different kinds of allergens have been investigated for their protective properties which may offer protection against Cr(VI) exposure. OBJECTIVES To investigate the capacity of formulas containing glutathione (GSH) and iron sulfate to inhibit elicitation of ACD in Cr(VI)-allergic individuals when exposed to Cr(VI). METHODS In 18 Cr(VI)-allergic volunteers the back was divided into eight patch test areas which were treated with preparations of possible barrier creams, prior to patch testing with a dilution series of potassium dichromate and a buffered extract of cement. RESULTS A significant reduction in reactivity to Cr(VI) and cement extract on skin treated with formulas containing GSH or iron sulfate was noticed, compared with untreated skin. CONCLUSION Formulas containing GSH or iron sulfate in barrier creams inhibit ACD in individuals allergic to Cr(VI) when applied before exposure to Cr(VI) and cement extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Lejding
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Malin Engfeldt
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Erik Zimerson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kaushal Verma
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Martin Mowitz
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Hagvall L, Bruze M, Engfeldt M, Isaksson M, Lindberg M, Ryberg K, Stenberg B, Svedman C, Karlberg A, Bråred Christensson J. Contact allergy to citral and its constituents geranial and neral, coupled with reactions to the prehapten and prohapten geraniol. Contact Dermatitis 2019; 82:31-38. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Hagvall
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyInstitute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyRegion Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental DermatologyLund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - Malin Engfeldt
- Department of Occupational and Environmental DermatologyLund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental DermatologyLund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - Magnus Lindberg
- Department of DermatologyUniversity Hospital Örebro Sweden
- Department of Health and Medical SciencesÖrebro University Örebro Sweden
| | - Kristina Ryberg
- Department of DermatologyUddevalla Hospital Uddevalla Sweden
| | - Berndt Stenberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Dermatology & VenerologyUmeå University Umeå Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental DermatologyLund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - Ann‐Therese Karlberg
- Dermatochemistry and Skin Allergy, Department of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Johanna Bråred Christensson
- Department of Dermatology and VenereologyInstitute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Dermatochemistry and Skin Allergy, Department of Chemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
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Lejding T, Engfeldt M, Bruze M, Isaksson M, Svedman LPC, Zimerson E, Mowitz M. Can reducing cosmetic substances help prevent chromate contact allergy? Contact Dermatitis 2019; 82:39-44. [PMID: 31652346 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic contact dermatitis caused by Cr(VI) is often severe and difficult to treat. Therefore, primary prevention is a main goal but, secondary prevention can be valuable to ease the symptoms or prevent relapse of Cr(VI) dermatitis when sensitization has occurred. Barrier creams have been tried for many chemical substances, but until now there is no successful barrier cream against Cr(VI). OBJECTIVES To investigate the ability of reducing agents to transform Cr(VI) into Cr(III) in an experimental situation, in order to find suitable chemicals to investigate for possible use in a barrier cream. METHODS The capacity to reduce the amount of Cr(VI) was analyzed in water solutions of acetylcysteine, cysteine, dihydroxyacetone, glutathione, and iron sulfate heptahydrate. Thereafter the reducing capacity of acetylcysteine, dihydroxyacetone, glutathione, and iron sulfate on the amount of Cr(VI) in cement extracts was investigated. The content of Cr(VI) in the test solutions and in the cement extracts was estimated by the diphenyl carbazide spot test. RESULTS All of the chosen chemicals reduced the amount of Cr(VI) in the test solutions and in the cement extracts to some extent. The reducing capacity was most prominent for iron sulfate. CONCLUSION A reducing capacity was found for all chosen chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Lejding
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Malin Engfeldt
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lena Persson Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Erik Zimerson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Martin Mowitz
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Friis UF, Dahlin J, Isaksson M, Zachariae C, Johansen JD. CI Solvent Yellow 14 (Sudan I) identified as the allergen in a plastic part of glasses. Contact Dermatitis 2019; 82:183-185. [PMID: 31657462 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrik Fischer Friis
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Claus Zachariae
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Jeanne D Johansen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Hellerup, Denmark
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Engfeldt M, Isaksson M, Glas B, Hagvall L, Löfnertz Petersson A, Matura M, Stenberg B, Svedman C, Bruze M. Patch Testing with a New Composition of Mercapto Mix: A Multi-centre Study by the Swedish Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Acta Derm Venereol 2019; 99:960-963. [PMID: 31240321 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-3249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated whether more patients with contact allergies were detected by patch testing with mercapto mix with a higher concentration of 2-mercaptobenzothiazolinone (MBT) than the commonly used mercapto mix. A total of 3,143 dermatitis patients in 5 Swedish dermatology departments were patch- tested with 3 mercapto test preparations: MBT 2.0% petrolatum (pet.); mercapto mix 2.0% pet.; and mercapto mix 3.5% pet. Positive reactions to these mercapto mixes varied between 0-0.50%, 0-0.93%, and 0-1.4%, respectively, in the 5 centres. Numerically, mercapto mix 3.5% pet. detected all positive patients and more patch-test positive patients than did the 2 other substances, but the difference was not statistically significant. The authors recommend replacing mercapto mix 2.0% pet. in the Swedish baseline series with mercapto mix 3.5% pet., since the latter also detected those patients who would have been missed because MBT 2.0% is not included in the Swedish baseline series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Engfeldt
- Lund University, Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Clinical Sciences, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden
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Lebacq A, Saizu M, Takahashi M, Isaksson M, Bravo B, Brose J, Csizmadia L, Fojtík P, Kövendiné-Kónyi J, Lünendonk G, Meisenberg O, Mosimann N, Osko J, Pantya A, Saurat D, Taba G, Torvela T, Vagfoldi Z, Vilardi I, Vu I, Youngman M, Zoriy P, Beaumont T, Franck D, Broggio D. European intercomparison on the measurement of l-131 in thyroid of adults and children. RADIAT MEAS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2019.106178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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van Amerongen CCA, Dahlin J, Isaksson M, Schuttelaar MLA. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate in a hospital wristband. Contact Dermatitis 2019; 81:446-449. [PMID: 31392731 PMCID: PMC6899871 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background 1,6‐Hexanediol diacrylate (1,6‐HDDA) is a multifunctional acrylate and a potent sensitizer. Objectives To report a case of allergic contact dermatitis caused by 1,6‐HDDA in a hospital wristband. Methods A male patient presented with eczema on his wrist where he had worn a hospital wristband. Patch testing was performed with our extended European baseline series, additional series, and pieces of the hospital wristband. Thin‐layer chromatography (TLC) was performed with extracts from the wristband and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry was used for chemical analysis. Results Positive reactions were found to pieces of the wristband, including adhesive rim (+++), inside (+++), and outside (++); to multiple allergens in the (meth)acrylates series; and to extracts of the wristband in acetone and ethanol. Chemical analysis of the ethanol extract showed presence of lauryl acrylate and 1,6‐HDDA. Patch testing with TLC strips and subsequent chemical analysis showed that the substance causing the strongest reaction was 1,6‐HDDA, to which the patient had a confirmed positive patch test reaction. Conclusion 1,6‐HDDA was identified as the culprit allergen responsible for allergic contact dermatitis caused by the hospital wristband.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia C A van Amerongen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marie L A Schuttelaar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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50
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Bruze M, Engfeldt M, Ofenloch R, Elsner P, Goncalo M, Isaksson M, Naldi L, Schuttelaar M, Svensson Å, Diepgen T. Validation of a questionnaire algorithm based on repeated open application testing with the constituents of fragrance mix I. Br J Dermatol 2019; 182:955-964. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Lund University Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - M. Engfeldt
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Lund University Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - R. Ofenloch
- Department of Clinical Social Medicine University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - P. Elsner
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Jena Jena Germany
| | - M. Goncalo
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - M. Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Lund University Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - L. Naldi
- Centro Studi GISED – FROM Presidio Ospedaliero Matteo Rota Bergamo Italy
| | - M.‐L. Schuttelaar
- Department of Dermatology University of Groningen University Medical Center Groningen Groningen the Netherlands
| | - Å. Svensson
- Department of Dermatology Lund University Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
| | - T. Diepgen
- Department of Clinical Social Medicine University Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
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