1
|
Liimatta J, Jääskeläinen J, Mäntyselkä A, Häkkinen MR, Auriola S, Voutilainen R, Flück CE, Lakka TA. Accelerated Early Childhood Growth Is Associated With the Development of Earlier Adrenarche and Puberty. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvae026. [PMID: 38425434 PMCID: PMC10904224 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvae026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Small birth size and increased postnatal growth have been associated with earlier timing of adrenarche and puberty, but it is not well known whether these factors alone or together lead to earlier maturation. Objective This work aimed to search for different growth trajectories using a clustering approach to analyze the effects of birth size and postnatal growth on adrenarchal and pubertal development. Methods Altogether 351 children (48% girls) were examined prospectively at ages 6 to 9 and 9 to 11 years. Birth and early-growth data were collected retrospectively. Main outcome measures included clinical signs of adrenarche and puberty, and serum androgen concentrations (dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, androstenedione, testosterone). Results We detected 4 clusters with different birth sizes and postnatal growth trajectories: 1) children with average birth size and increased postnatal growth (AI), 2) children with small birth size and increased postnatal growth (SI), 3) children with average birth size and postnatal growth (AA), and 4) children with small birth size and average postnatal growth (SA). Thelarche at age 9 to 11 was most common and serum androgens at ages 6 to 9 and 9 to 11 years were highest in girls belonging to the AI and SI groups. Similar patterns in the onset of puberty and in androgen levels were not seen in the SA group. Conclusion Increased early growth and weight gain predict higher serum androgen concentrations and earlier onset of puberty in girls. Adrenarche and puberty do not appear to be shifted earlier in children with small birth size who do not have catch-up growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jani Liimatta
- Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit (KuPRU), University of Eastern Finland, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jarmo Jääskeläinen
- Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit (KuPRU), University of Eastern Finland, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aino Mäntyselkä
- Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit (KuPRU), University of Eastern Finland, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), 70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Raimo Voutilainen
- Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit (KuPRU), University of Eastern Finland, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Christa E Flück
- Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liimatta J, Flück CE, Mäntyselkä A, Häkkinen MR, Auriola S, Voutilainen R, Jääskeläinen J, Lakka TA. Effects of 2-Year Physical Activity and Dietary Intervention on Adrenarchal and Pubertal Development: The PANIC Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e1603-e1613. [PMID: 37329220 PMCID: PMC10655527 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Childhood overweight has been linked to earlier development of adrenarche and puberty, but it remains unknown if lifestyle interventions influence sexual maturation in general populations. OBJECTIVE To investigate if a 2-year lifestyle intervention influences circulating androgen concentrations and sexual maturation in a general population of children. METHODS We conducted a 2-year physical activity and dietary intervention study in which 421 prepubertal and mostly normal-weight 6- to 9-year-old children were allocated either to a lifestyle intervention group (119 girls, 132 boys) or a control group (84 girls, 86 boys). The main outcome measures were serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), androstenedione (A4), and testosterone concentrations, and clinical adrenarchal and pubertal signs. RESULTS The intervention and control groups had no differences in body size and composition, clinical signs of androgen action, and serum androgens at baseline. The intervention attenuated the increase of DHEA (P = .032), DHEAS (P = .001), A4 (P = .003), and testosterone (P = .007) and delayed pubarche (P = .038) in boys but it only attenuated the increase of DHEA (P = .013) and DHEAS (P = .003) in girls. These effects of lifestyle intervention on androgens and the development of pubarche were independent of changes in body size and composition, but the effects of intervention on androgens were partly explained by changes in fasting serum insulin. CONCLUSION A combined physical activity and dietary intervention attenuates the increase of serum androgen concentrations and sexual maturation in a general population of prepubertal and mostly normal-weight children, independently of changes in body size and composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jani Liimatta
- Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit (KuPRU), University of Eastern Finland, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christa E Flück
- Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Aino Mäntyselkä
- Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit (KuPRU), University of Eastern Finland, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), 70701 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Raimo Voutilainen
- Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit (KuPRU), University of Eastern Finland, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jarmo Jääskeläinen
- Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit (KuPRU), University of Eastern Finland, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Koskivuori J, Voutilainen R, Storvik M, Häkkinen MR, Uusitalo L, Keski-Nisula L, Backman K, Auriola S, Lehtonen M. Comparative steroid profiling of newborn hair and umbilical cord serum highlights the role of fetal adrenals, placenta, and pregnancy outcomes in fetal steroid metabolism. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 232:106357. [PMID: 37390977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Previous steroid hormone studies concerning pregnancy and newborns have mainly focused on glucocorticoids; wider steroid profiles have been less commonly investigated. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of 17 steroids from newborn hair and umbilical cord serum at the time of delivery. The study participants (n = 42, 50% girls) were a part of the Kuopio Birth Cohort and represent usual Finnish pregnancies. The hair and cord serum samples were analyzed with liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry and triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. We detected high individual variations in steroid hormone concentrations in both sample matrices. The concentrations of cortisol (F), corticosterone (B), estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 11β-hydroxyandostenedione (11bOHA4), 5α-androstanedione (DHA4), and 17α-hydroxypregnenolone (17OHP5) correlated positively between cord serum and newborn hair samples. In addition, F and 11bOHA4 concentrations correlated positively with each other in both newborn hair and cord serum samples. The cortisone-to-cortisol ratio (E/F) was significantly higher in cord serum than in newborn hair samples reflecting high placental 11βHSD2 enzyme activity. Only minor sex differences in steroid concentrations were observed; higher testosterone (T) and 11-deoxycortisol (S) with lower 11bOHA4 in male cord serum, and higher DHEA, androstenedione (A4) and 11bOHA4 in female newborn hair samples. Parity and delivery mode were the most significant pregnancy- and birth-related parameters associating with F and some other adrenocortical steroid concentrations. This study provides novel information about intrauterine steroid metabolism in late pregnancy and typical concentration ranges for several newborn hair steroids, including also 11-oxygenated androgens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Koskivuori
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1B, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Raimo Voutilainen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029 Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markus Storvik
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1B, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1B, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Neulaniementie 4, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lauri Uusitalo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Leea Keski-Nisula
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Katri Backman
- Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1B, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Marko Lehtonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1B, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Stevens Brentjens LBPM, Obukhova D, den Hartog JE, Delvoux B, Koskivuori J, Auriola S, Häkkinen MR, Bui BN, van Hoogenhuijze NE, Mackens S, Mol F, de Bruin JP, Besselink D, Teklenburg G, Kukushkina V, Salumets A, Broekmans FJM, van Golde RJT, Esteki MZ, Romano A. An integrative analysis of endometrial steroid metabolism and transcriptome in relation to endometrial receptivity in in vitro fertilization patients. F S Sci 2023; 4:219-228. [PMID: 37142054 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between the steroid concentration in the endometrium, in serum, and the gene expression level of steroid-metabolizing enzymes in the context of endometrial receptivity in in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients. DESIGN Case-control study of 40 IVF patients recruited in the SCRaTCH study (NTR5342), a randomized controlled trial investigating pregnancy outcome after "endometrial scratching." Endometrial biopsies and serum were obtained from patients with a first failed IVF cycle randomized to the endometrial scratch in the midluteal phase of the natural cycle before the next fresh embryo transfer during the second IVF cycle. SETTING University hopsital. PATIENTS Twenty women with clinical pregnancy were compared with 20 women who did not conceive after fresh embryo transfer. Cases and controls were matched for primary vs. secondary infertility, embryo quality, and age. INTERVENTION None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Steroid concentrations in endometrial tissue homogenates and serum were measured with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The endometrial transcriptome was profiled by RNA-sequencing, followed by principal component analysis and differential expression analysis. False discovery rate-adjusted and log-fold change >|0.5| were selected as the threshold for differentially expressed genes. RESULT(S) Estrogen levels were comparable in both serum (n = 16) and endometrium (n = 40). Androgens and 17-hydroxyprogesterone were higher in serum than that in endometrium. Although steroid levels did not vary between pregnant and nonpregnant groups, subgroup analysis of primary women with infertility showed a significantly lower estrone concentration and estrone:androstenedione ratio in serum of the pregnant group (n = 5) compared with the nonpregnant group (n = 2). Expression of 34 out of 46 genes encoding the enzymes controlling the local steroid metabolism was detected, and estrogen receptor β gene was differentially expressed between pregnant and nonpregnant women. When only the primary infertile group was considered, 28 genes were differentially expressed between pregnant and nonpregnant women, including HSD11B2, that catalyzes the conversion of cortisol into cortisone. CONCLUSION(S) Steroidomic and transcriptomic analyses show that steroid concentrations are regulated by the local metabolism in the endometrium. Although no differences were found in endometrial steroid concentration in the pregnant and nonpregnant IVF patients, primary women with infertility showed deviations in steroid levels and gene expression, indicating that a more homogeneous patient group is required to uncover the exact role of steroid metabolism in endometrial receptivity. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER The study was registered in the Dutch trial registry (www.trialregister.nl), registration number NL5193/NTR5342, available at https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=NTR6687. The date of registration is July 31, 2015. The first enrollment is on January 1, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda B P M Stevens Brentjens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Darina Obukhova
- GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Janneke E den Hartog
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bert Delvoux
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Seppo Auriola
- University of Eastern Finland, School of Pharmacy, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Kuopio, Finland
| | - Bich N Bui
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nienke E van Hoogenhuijze
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Shari Mackens
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, UZ Brussel, Jette, Belgium
| | - Femke Mol
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Peter de Bruin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands
| | - Dagmar Besselink
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gijs Teklenburg
- Isala Fertility Clinic, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, the Netherlands
| | | | - Andres Salumets
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frank J M Broekmans
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ron J T van Golde
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Masoud Zamani Esteki
- GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Romano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nissinen SI, Venäläinen M, Kumpulainen P, Roine A, Häkkinen MR, Vepsäläinen J, Oksala N, Rantanen T. Discrimination between Pancreatic Cancer, Pancreatitis and Healthy Controls Using Urinary Polyamine Panel. Cancer Control 2022; 28:10732748211039762. [PMID: 35135363 PMCID: PMC8832577 DOI: 10.1177/10732748211039762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKROUND Polyamines play an important role in cellular proliferation, and the change in polyamine metabolism is reported in various cancers. We searched for urinary polyamine signature for distinguishing between pancreatic cancer, premalignant lesions of the pancreas (PLP), acute and chronic pancreatitis, and controls. METHODS Patients and controls were prospectively recruited in three Finnish hospitals between October 2013 and June 2016. The patients provided a urine sample at the time of the diagnosis. The panel of 14 polyamines was obtained in a single run with mass spectrometry. The polyamine concentrations were analysed with quadratic discriminant analysis and cross-validated with leave-one-out cross-validation. RESULTS Sixty-eight patients with pancreatic cancer, 36 with acute pancreatitis, 18 with chronic pancreatitis and 7 with PLP were recruited, as were 53 controls. The combination of 4 polyamines - acetylputrescine, diacetylspermidine, N8-acetylspermidine and diacetylputrescine - distinguished pancreatic cancer and PLP from controls (sensitivity = 94%, specificity = 68% and AUC = 0.88). The combination of diacetylspermidine, N8-acetylspermidine and diacetylspermine distinguished acute pancreatitis from controls (sensitivity = 94%, specificity = 92%, AUC = 0.98). The combination of acetylputrescine, diacetylspermidine and diacetylputrescine distinguished chronic pancreatitis from controls (sensitivity = 98%, specificity = 71%, AUC = 0.93). CONCLUSIONS Optimally selected urinary polyamine panels discriminate between pancreatic cancer and controls, as well as between acute and chronic pancreatitis and controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuli I Nissinen
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, 205537University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Internal Medicine, 3701Kanta-Häme Central Hospital, Hämeenlinna, Finland
| | - Markus Venäläinen
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, 205537University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Antti Roine
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, 7840Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, Biocenter Kuopio, 205537University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jouko Vepsäläinen
- School of Pharmacy, Biocenter Kuopio, 205537University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Niku Oksala
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, 7840Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Centre for Vascular Surgery and Interventional Radiology, 60670Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tuomo Rantanen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, 205537University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Constable AM, Vlachopoulos D, Barker AR, Moore SA, Soininen S, Haapala EA, Väistö J, Jääskeläinen J, Voutilainen R, Auriola S, Häkkinen MR, Laitinen T, Lakka TA. The Mediating Role of Endocrine Factors in the Positive Relationship Between Fat Mass and Bone Mineral Content in Children Aged 9-11 Years: The Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:850448. [PMID: 35399927 PMCID: PMC8987010 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.850448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to investigate whether the relationship between fat mass and bone mineral content (BMC) is mediated by insulin, leptin, adiponectin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, testosterone and estradiol in children aged 9-11 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS We utilised cross-sectional data from the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children study (n = 230 to 396; 112 to 203 girls). Fat mass and BMC were assessed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Endocrine factors were assessed from fasted blood samples. We applied the novel 4-way decomposition method to analyse associations between fat mass, endocrine factors, and BMC. RESULTS Fat mass was positively associated with BMC in girls (ß = 0.007 to 0.015, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.005 to 0.020) and boys (ß = 0.009 to 0.015, 95% CI 0.005 to 0.019). The relationship between fat mass and BMC was mediated by free leptin index in girls (ß = -0.025, 95% CI -0.039 to -0.010) and boys (ß = -0.014, 95% CI -0.027 to -0.001). The relationship between fat mass and BMC was partially explained by mediated interaction between fat mass and free leptin index in boys (ß = -0.009, 95% CI -0.013 to -0.004) and by interaction between fat mass and adiponectin in girls (ß = -0.003, 95% CI -0.006 to -0.000). CONCLUSION At greater levels of adiponectin and free leptin index, the fat mass and BMC relationship becomes less positive in girls and boys respectively. The positive association between fat mass with BMC was largely not explained by the endocrine factors we assessed. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION [https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01803776], identifier NCT01803776.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annie M. Constable
- Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- *Correspondence: Annie M. Constable,
| | - Dimitris Vlachopoulos
- Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Alan R. Barker
- Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah A. Moore
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Sonja Soininen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Social and Health Center, City of Varkaus, Finland
| | - Eero A. Haapala
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Juuso Väistö
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jarmo Jääskeläinen
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Raimo Voutilainen
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Tomi Laitinen
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A. Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xanthoulea S, Konings GFJ, Saarinen N, Delvoux B, Kooreman LFS, Koskimies P, Häkkinen MR, Auriola S, D'Avanzo E, Walid Y, Verhaegen F, Lieuwes NG, Caiment F, Kruitwagen R, Romano A. Pharmacological inhibition of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase impairs human endometrial cancer growth in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. Cancer Lett 2021; 508:18-29. [PMID: 33762202 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecological tumor in developed countries and its incidence is increasing. Approximately 80% of newly diagnosed EC cases are estrogen-dependent. Type 1 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD-1) is the enzyme that catalyzes the final step in estrogen biosynthesis by reducing the weak estrogen estrone (E1) to the potent estrogen 17β-estradiol (E2), and previous studies showed that this enzyme is implicated in the intratumoral E2 generation in EC. In the present study we employed a recently developed orthotopic and estrogen-dependent xenograft mouse model of EC to show that pharmacological inhibition of the 17β-HSD-1 enzyme inhibits disease development. Tumors were induced in one uterine horn of athymic nude mice by intrauterine injection of the well-differentiated human endometrial adenocarcinoma Ishikawa cell line, modified to express human 17β-HSD-1 in levels comparable to EC, and the luciferase and green fluorescent protein reporter genes. Controlled estrogen exposure in ovariectomized mice was achieved using subcutaneous MedRod implants that released either the low active estrone (E1) precursor or vehicle. A subgroup of E1 supplemented mice received daily oral gavage of FP4643, a well-characterized 17β-HSD-1 inhibitor. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) was used to measure tumor growth non-invasively. At sacrifice, mice receiving E1 and treated with the FP4643 inhibitor showed a significant reduction in tumor growth by approximately 65% compared to mice receiving E1. Tumors exhibited metastatic spread to the peritoneum, to the lymphovascular space (LVI), and to the thoracic cavity. Metastatic spread and LVI invasion were both significantly reduced in the inhibitor-treated group. Transcriptional profiling of tumors indicated that FP4643 treatment reduced the oncogenic potential at the mRNA level. In conclusion, we show that 17β-HSD-1 inhibition represents a promising novel endocrine treatment for EC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Xanthoulea
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands.
| | - Gonda F J Konings
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Niina Saarinen
- Forendo Pharma Ltd., Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology and Turku Center for Disease Modeling (TCDM), University of Turku, Finland
| | - Bert Delvoux
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Loes F S Kooreman
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | | | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elisabetta D'Avanzo
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Youssef Walid
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Frank Verhaegen
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Natasja G Lieuwes
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; MAASTRO Lab, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Florian Caiment
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Roy Kruitwagen
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Romano
- GROW - School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Raittinen PVH, Syvälä H, Tammela TLJ, Häkkinen MR, Ilmonen P, Auriola S, Murtola TJ. Atorvastatin induces adrenal androgen downshift in men with prostate cancer: A post Hoc analysis of a pilot adaptive Randomised clinical trial. EBioMedicine 2021; 68:103432. [PMID: 34144486 PMCID: PMC8219992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) progression depends on androgen receptor activity. Cholesterol is required for biosynthesis of all steroid hormones, including androgens. Impact of cholesterol-lowering statins on androgens is unknown. We explored atorvastatin influence on serum and prostatic tissue steroidomic profiles (SP) to expose novel pathways for limiting androgen concentration in men with PCa. METHODS This is a pre-planned post hoc analysis of ESTO-1 pilot randomised, double-blinded, clinical trial. Statin naïve men, scheduled for radical prostatectomy due to localised PCa, were randomised 1:1 to use daily 80 mg of atorvastatin or placebo before the surgery for a median of 28 days. Participants were recruited and treated at the Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Tampere, Finland. 108 of the 158 recruited men were included in the analysis based on sample availability for hormone profiling. Serum and prostatic tissue steroid profiles were determined using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Wilcoxon rank sum test and bootstrap confidence intervals (CI) were used to analyse the difference between placebo and atorvastatin arms. FINDINGS Most serum and prostatic steroids, including testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, were not associated with atorvastatin use. However, atorvastatin use induced serum SP changes in 11-ketoandrostenedione (placebo 960pM, atorvastatin 617.5pM, p-value <0.0001, median difference -342.5; 95% CI -505.23 - -188.98). In the prostatic tissue, atorvastatin was associated with plausible downshift in 11- ketodihydrotestosterone (placebo 25.0pM in 100 mg tissue/1 mL saline, atorvastatin 18.5pM in 100 mg tissue/1 mL saline, p-value 0.027, median difference -6.53; 95% CI -12.8 - -0.29); however, this association diminished after adjusting for multiple testing. No serious harms were reported. INTERPRETATION Atorvastatin was associated with adrenal androgen downshift in the serum and possibly in the prostate. The finding warrants further investigation whether atorvastatin could improve androgen deprivation therapy efficacy. FUNDING Funded by grants from the Finnish Cultural Foundation, Finnish Cancer Society, Academy of Finland, and the Expert Responsibility Area of the Tampere University Hospital. CLINICALTRIALS. GOV IDENTIFIER NCT01821404.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paavo V H Raittinen
- Department of Mathematics and Systems Analysis, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, 02150, Finland.
| | - Heimo Syvälä
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Finland.
| | - Teuvo L J Tammela
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Finland.
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1B, 70210, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Pauliina Ilmonen
- Department of Mathematics and Systems Analysis, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, 02150, Finland.
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1B, 70210, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Teemu J Murtola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Klåvus A, Kokla M, Noerman S, Koistinen VM, Tuomainen M, Zarei I, Meuronen T, Häkkinen MR, Rummukainen S, Farizah Babu A, Sallinen T, Kärkkäinen O, Paananen J, Broadhurst D, Brunius C, Hanhineva K. "notame": Workflow for Non-Targeted LC-MS Metabolic Profiling. Metabolites 2020; 10:E135. [PMID: 32244411 PMCID: PMC7240970 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10040135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics analysis generates vast arrays of data, necessitating comprehensive workflows involving expertise in analytics, biochemistry and bioinformatics in order to provide coherent and high-quality data that enable discovery of robust and biologically significant metabolic findings. In this protocol article, we introduce notame, an analytical workflow for non-targeted metabolic profiling approaches, utilizing liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. We provide an overview of lab protocols and statistical methods that we commonly practice for the analysis of nutritional metabolomics data. The paper is divided into three main sections: the first and second sections introducing the background and the study designs available for metabolomics research and the third section describing in detail the steps of the main methods and protocols used to produce, preprocess and statistically analyze metabolomics data and, finally, to identify and interpret the compounds that have emerged as interesting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Klåvus
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Public Health, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.N.); (V.M.K.); (M.T.); (I.Z.); (T.M.); (A.F.B.); (T.S.)
| | - Marietta Kokla
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Public Health, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.N.); (V.M.K.); (M.T.); (I.Z.); (T.M.); (A.F.B.); (T.S.)
| | - Stefania Noerman
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Public Health, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.N.); (V.M.K.); (M.T.); (I.Z.); (T.M.); (A.F.B.); (T.S.)
| | - Ville M. Koistinen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Public Health, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.N.); (V.M.K.); (M.T.); (I.Z.); (T.M.); (A.F.B.); (T.S.)
| | - Marjo Tuomainen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Public Health, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.N.); (V.M.K.); (M.T.); (I.Z.); (T.M.); (A.F.B.); (T.S.)
| | - Iman Zarei
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Public Health, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.N.); (V.M.K.); (M.T.); (I.Z.); (T.M.); (A.F.B.); (T.S.)
| | - Topi Meuronen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Public Health, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.N.); (V.M.K.); (M.T.); (I.Z.); (T.M.); (A.F.B.); (T.S.)
| | - Merja R. Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (M.R.H.); (S.R.); (O.K.)
| | - Soile Rummukainen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (M.R.H.); (S.R.); (O.K.)
| | - Ambrin Farizah Babu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Public Health, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.N.); (V.M.K.); (M.T.); (I.Z.); (T.M.); (A.F.B.); (T.S.)
| | - Taisa Sallinen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Public Health, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.N.); (V.M.K.); (M.T.); (I.Z.); (T.M.); (A.F.B.); (T.S.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (M.R.H.); (S.R.); (O.K.)
| | - Olli Kärkkäinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (M.R.H.); (S.R.); (O.K.)
| | - Jussi Paananen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - David Broadhurst
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics & Computational Biology, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia;
| | - Carl Brunius
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden;
- Chalmers Mass Spectrometry Infrastructure, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Public Health, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (S.N.); (V.M.K.); (M.T.); (I.Z.); (T.M.); (A.F.B.); (T.S.)
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden;
- Department of Biochemistry, Food Chemistry and Food Development unit, University of Turku, 20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mäntyselkä A, Haapala EA, Lindi V, Häkkinen MR, Auriola S, Jääskeläinen J, Lakka TA. Associations of IGF-1 and Adrenal Androgens with Cognition in Childhood. Horm Res Paediatr 2020; 91:329-335. [PMID: 31401625 DOI: 10.1159/000501719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the association between adrenarche and cognition in general populations of children. We therefore studied the associations of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), androstenedione (A4), testosterone, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and adrenarche with cognition among prepubertal children. METHODS These cross-sectional analyses are based on baseline data of the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children Study. A total of 387 children (183 girls, 204 boys) were included in the analyses. Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices (CPM) score was used to assess nonverbal reasoning. Serum adrenal androgens and IGF-1 concentrations were measured and clinical signs of androgen action were evaluated. RESULTS Higher IGF-1 among boys (β = 0.149, p =0.033) was related to a better Raven's CPM score after adjustment for age and parental education. Adrenal androgens in girls or boys or IGF-1 in girls were not associated with the score. There were no differences in Raven's CPM score between children with biochemical adrenarche (DHEAS ≥1.08 µmol/L; ≥40 µg/dL) or with clinical signs of androgen action and children without them. CONCLUSION The results suggest that higher serum IGF-1 among boys is related to better cognition in prepubertal children. We could not provide evidence for the associations of adrenal maturation with cognition in prepubertal children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aino Mäntyselkä
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland,
| | - Eero A Haapala
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Virpi Lindi
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,University of Eastern Finland Library, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jarmo Jääskeläinen
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Häkkinen MR, Murtola T, Voutilainen R, Poutanen M, Linnanen T, Koskivuori J, Lakka T, Jääskeläinen J, Auriola S. Simultaneous analysis by LC–MS/MS of 22 ketosteroids with hydroxylamine derivatization and underivatized estradiol from human plasma, serum and prostate tissue. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 164:642-652. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
12
|
Muluneh F, Häkkinen MR, El-Dairi R, Pasanen M, Juvonen RO. New glutathione conjugate of pyrrolizidine alkaloids produced by human cytosolic enzyme-dependent reactions in vitro. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2018; 32:1344-1352. [PMID: 29788543 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The toxic metabolites of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are initially formed by cytochrome P450-mediated oxidation reactions and primarily eliminated as glutathione (GSH) conjugates. Although the reaction between the reactive metabolites and GSH can occur spontaneously, the role of the cytosolic enzymes in the process has not been studied. METHODS The toxic metabolites of selected PAs (retrorsine, monocrotaline, senecionine, lasiocarpine, heliotrine or senkirkine) were generated by incubating them in 100 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) containing liver microsomes of human, pig, rat or sheep, NADPH and reduced GSH in the absence or presence of human, pig, rat or sheep liver cytosolic fraction. The supernatants were analyzed using liquid chromatography connected to Finnigan LTQ ion-trap, Agilent QTOF or Thermo Scientific Q Exactive Focus quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometers. RESULTS Retrorsine, senecionine and lasiocarpine yielded three GSH conjugates producing [M - H]- ions at m/z 439 (7-GSH-DHP (CHO)), m/z 441 (7-GSH-DHP (OH)) and m/z 730 (7,9-diGSH-DHP) in the presence of human liver cytosolic fraction. 7-GSH-DHP (CHO) was a novel metabolite. Monocrotaline, heliotrine and senkirkine did not produce this novel 7-GSH-DHP (CHO) conjugate. 7-GSH-DHP (CHO) disappeared when incubated with hydroxylamine, and a new oxime derivative was formed. This metabolite was formed only by the human liver cytosolic enzymes but not in the presence of rat or sheep liver cytosolic fractions under otherwise identical reaction conditions. CONCLUSIONS 7-GSH-DHP (CHO) has not been reported before, and thus it was considered as a novel metabolite of PAs. This may clarify the mechanisms involved in PA detoxification and widely observed but less understood species differences in response to PA exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fashe Muluneh
- University of Eastern Finland, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Reproductive & Developmental Biology Laboratory/Pharmacogenetics Group, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- University of Eastern Finland, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rami El-Dairi
- University of Eastern Finland, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Pasanen
- University of Eastern Finland, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Risto O Juvonen
- University of Eastern Finland, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Konings GF, Saarinen N, Delvoux B, Kooreman L, Koskimies P, Krakstad C, Fasmer KE, Haldorsen IS, Zaffagnini A, Häkkinen MR, Auriola S, Dubois L, Lieuwes N, Verhaegen F, Schyns LE, Kruitwagen RF, Xanthoulea S, Romano A. Development of an Image-Guided Orthotopic Xenograft Mouse Model of Endometrial Cancer with Controllable Estrogen Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092547. [PMID: 30154339 PMCID: PMC6165149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecological malignancy in Western society and the majority of cases are estrogen dependent. While endocrine drugs proved to be of insufficient therapeutic value in the past, recent clinical research shows promising results by using combinational regimens and pre-clinical studies and identified potential novel endocrine targets. Relevant pre-clinical models can accelerate research in this area. In the present study we describe an orthotopic and estrogen dependent xenograft mouse model of EC. Tumours were induced in one uterine horn of female athymic nude mice using the well-differentiated human endometrial adenocarcinoma Ishikawa cell line—modified to express the luciferase gene for bioluminescence imaging (BLI). BLI and contrast-enhanced computed-tomograph (CE-CT) were used to measure non-invasive tumour growth. Controlled estrogen exposure was achieved by the use of MedRod implants releasing 1.5 μg/d of 17β-estradiol (E2) in ovariectomized mice. Stable E2 serum concentration was demonstrated by LC-MS/MS. Induced tumours were E2 responsive as increased tumour growth was observed in the presence of E2 but not placebo, assessed by BLI, CE-CT, and tumour weight at sacrifice. Metastatic spread was assessed macroscopically by BLI and histology and was seen in the peritoneal cavity, in the lymphovascular space, and in the thoracic cavity. In conclusion, we developed an orthotopic xenograft mouse model of EC that exhibits the most relevant features of human disease, regarding metastatic spread and estrogen dependency. This model offers an easy to manipulate estrogen dosage (by simply adjusting the MedRod implant length), image-guided monitoring of tumour growth, and objectively measurable endpoints (including tumour weight). This is an excellent in vivo tool to further explore endocrine drug regimens and novel endocrine drug targets for EC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gonda Fj Konings
- GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Niina Saarinen
- Forendo Pharma Ltd., FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology and Turku Center for Disease Modeling (TCDM), University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Bert Delvoux
- GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Loes Kooreman
- GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Camilla Krakstad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Kristine E Fasmer
- Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
- Section for Radiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ingfrid S Haldorsen
- Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
- Section for Radiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Amina Zaffagnini
- GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, FI-80101 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, FI-80101 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Ludwig Dubois
- GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Radiotherapy (MAASTRO), Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Natasja Lieuwes
- GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Radiotherapy (MAASTRO), Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Frank Verhaegen
- GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Radiotherapy (MAASTRO), Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Lotte Ejr Schyns
- GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Radiotherapy (MAASTRO), Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Roy Fpm Kruitwagen
- GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Sofia Xanthoulea
- GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Andrea Romano
- GROW-School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Venäläinen MK, Roine AN, Häkkinen MR, Vepsäläinen JJ, Kumpulainen PS, Kiviniemi MS, Lehtimäki T, Oksala NK, Rantanen TK. Altered Polyamine Profiles in Colorectal Cancer. Anticancer Res 2018; 38:3601-3607. [PMID: 29848716 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The declining mortality rate of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) can be explained, at least partially, with early diagnosis. Simple diagnostic methods are needed to achieve a maximal patient participation rate in screening. MATERIALS AND METHODS Liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to determine urinary polyamine (PA) profiles. In a prospective setting, 116 patients were included in the study: 57 with CRC, 13 with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), 12 with adenoma, and 34 controls. RESULTS N1,N12-diacetylspermine (DiAcSPM) level was significantly higher in patients with CRC than controls (sensitivity=78.0%, specificity=70.6%; p=0.00049). The level of diacetylated cadaverine (p=0.0068) was lower and that of diacetylated putrescine (p=0.0078) was higher in patients with CRC than in those with IBD. Cadaverine (p=0.00010) and spermine (p=0.042) levels were lower and that of DiAcSPM (p=0.018) higher in patients with CRC than in those with adenoma. CONCLUSION The simultaneous determination of urinary PAs by means of LC-MS/MS can be used to discriminate CRC from controls and patients with benign colorectal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus K Venäläinen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Antti N Roine
- Department of Surgery, Hatanpää Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Pekka S Kumpulainen
- Department of Automation Science and Engineering, University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mikko S Kiviniemi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Niku K Oksala
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tuomo K Rantanen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland .,Department of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ucal S, Häkkinen MR, Alanne AL, Alhonen L, Vepsäläinen J, Keinänen TA, Hyvönen MT. Controlling of N-alkylpolyamine analogue metabolism by selective deuteration. Biochem J 2018; 475:663-676. [PMID: 29301981 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Replacing protium with deuterium is an efficient method to modulate drug metabolism. N-alkylated polyamine analogues are polyamine antimetabolites with proven anticancer efficacy. We have characterized earlier the preferred metabolic routes of N1,N12-diethylspermine (DESpm), N1-benzyl-N12-ethylspermine (BnEtSpm) and N1,N12-dibenzylspermine (DBSpm) by human recombinant spermine oxidase (SMOX) and acetylpolyamine oxidase (APAO). Here, we studied the above analogues, their variably deuterated counterparts and their metabolites as substrates and inhibitors of APAO, SMOX, semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO), diamine oxidase (DAO) and monoamine oxidases. We found that targeted deuteration efficiently redirected the preferable cleavage site and suppressed reaction rate by APAO and SMOX in vitro We found a three- to six-fold decline in Vmax with moderate variable effect on Km when deuterium was located at the preferred hydrogen abstraction site of the analogue. We also found some of the metabolites to be potent inhibitors of DAO and SSAO. Surprisingly, analogue deuteration did not markedly alter the anti-proliferative efficacy of the drugs in DU145 prostate cancer cells, while in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, which had higher basal APAO and SMOX activities, moderate effect was observed. Interestingly, the anti-proliferative efficacy of the analogues did not correlate with their ability to suppress polyamine biosynthetic enzymes, induce spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase or deplete intracellular polyamine levels, but correlated with their ability to induce SMOX. Our data show that selective deuteration of N-alkyl polyamine analogues enables metabolic switching, offering the means for selective generation of bioactive metabolites inhibiting, e.g. SSAO and DAO, thus setting a novel basis for in vivo studies of this class of analogues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebahat Ucal
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1B, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1B, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aino-Liisa Alanne
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1B, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Leena Alhonen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1B, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jouko Vepsäläinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1B, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuomo A Keinänen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1B, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mervi T Hyvönen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Biocenter Kuopio, Yliopistonranta 1B, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Knuuttila M, Mehmood A, Huhtaniemi R, Yatkin E, Häkkinen MR, Oksala R, Laajala TD, Ryberg H, Handelsman DJ, Aittokallio T, Auriola S, Ohlsson C, Laiho A, Elo LL, Sipilä P, Mäkelä SI, Poutanen M. Antiandrogens Reduce Intratumoral Androgen Concentrations and Induce Androgen Receptor Expression in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Xenografts. Am J Pathol 2017; 188:216-228. [PMID: 29126837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is associated with the activation of intratumoral androgen biosynthesis and an increase in androgen receptor (AR) expression. We recently demonstrated that, similarly to the clinical CRPC, orthotopically grown castration-resistant VCaP (CR-VCaP) xenografts express high levels of AR and retain intratumoral androgen concentrations similar to tumors grown in intact mice. Herein, we show that antiandrogen treatment (enzalutamide or ARN-509) significantly reduced (10-fold, P < 0.01) intratumoral testosterone and dihydrotestosterone concentrations in the CR-VCaP tumors, indicating that the reduction in intratumoral androgens is a novel mechanism by which antiandrogens mediate their effects in CRPC. Antiandrogen treatment also altered the expression of multiple enzymes potentially involved in steroid metabolism. Identical to clinical CRPC, the expression levels of the full-length AR (twofold, P < 0.05) and the AR splice variants 1 (threefold, P < 0.05) and 7 (threefold, P < 0.01) were further increased in the antiandrogen-treated tumors. Nonsignificant effects were observed in the expression of certain classic androgen-regulated genes, such as TMPRSS2 and KLK3, despite the low levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. However, other genes recently identified to be highly sensitive to androgen-regulated AR action, such as NOV and ST6GalNAc1, were markedly altered, which indicated reduced androgen action. Taken together, the data indicate that, besides blocking AR, antiandrogens modify androgen signaling in CR-VCaP xenografts at multiple levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matias Knuuttila
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Arfa Mehmood
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Riikka Huhtaniemi
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; R&D Oncology Research, Orion Pharma, Turku, Finland
| | - Emrah Yatkin
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Teemu D Laajala
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henrik Ryberg
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David J Handelsman
- ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tero Aittokallio
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Asta Laiho
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura L Elo
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Petra Sipilä
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sari I Mäkelä
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Functional Foods Forum, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Poutanen
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku Center for Disease Modeling, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Puris E, Pasanen M, Gynther M, Häkkinen MR, Pihlajamäki J, Keränen T, Honkakoski P, Raunio H, Petsalo A. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of nine cytochrome P450 probe drugs and their corresponding metabolites in human serum and urine. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 409:251-268. [PMID: 27734142 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9994-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cocktail phenotyping using specific probe drugs for cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes provides information on the real-time activity of multiple CYPs. We investigated different sample preparation techniques and validated a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method with simple protein precipitation for the analysis of nine CYP probe drugs and their metabolites in human serum and urine. Specific CYP probe drugs (melatonin, CYP1A2; nicotine, CYP2A6; bupropion, CYP2B6; repaglinide, CYP2C8; losartan, CYP2C9; omeprazole, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4; dextromethorphan, CYP2D6; chlorzoxazone, CYP2E; midazolam, CYP3A4) and their main metabolites, with the exception of 3'-hydroxyrepaglinide, were quantified in human serum and urine using the developed LC-MS/MS method. The analytical method was fully validated showing high selectivity, linearity, acceptable accuracy (85-115 %) and precision (2-19 %) and applied to a pharmacokinetic study in four healthy volunteers after oral administration of drugs given as a cocktail. All probe drugs and their metabolites (totally 19 analytes) were detected and quantified from human serum and urine over the time range of 1 to 6 h after oral administration. Therefore, the proposed method is applicable for drug interaction and CYP phenotyping studies utilizing a cocktail approach. Graphical Abstract Workflow overwiew of cocktail CYP-phenotyping study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Puris
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Markku Pasanen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Gynther
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jussi Pihlajamäki
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Clinical Nutrition and Obesity Center, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tapani Keränen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.,National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, 00271, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paavo Honkakoski
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hannu Raunio
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aleksanteri Petsalo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Piirainen A, Kokki H, Immonen S, Eskelinen M, Häkkinen MR, Hautajärvi H, Kokki M. A Dose-Finding Study of Dexketoprofen in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial on Effects on the Analgesic Concentration of Oxycodone. Drugs R D 2016; 15:319-28. [PMID: 26364041 PMCID: PMC4662948 DOI: 10.1007/s40268-015-0107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dexketoprofen has been shown to provide efficient analgesia and an opioid-sparing effect after orthopedic surgery. In this dose-finding study, we evaluated the analgesic efficacy and opioid-sparing effect of dexketoprofen administered intravenously (i.v.) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCC). Methods Twenty-four patients undergoing LCC were randomized to receive dexketoprofen 10 or 50 mg i.v. 15 min before the end of the surgery. Subjects were provided with 0.2 mg/kg of oxycodone at anesthesia induction. In the recovery room, pain was assessed with an 11-point numerical rating scale (NRS; score of 0 = no pain, score of 10 = most severe pain) every 10 min. When the NRS score was ≥3/10 at rest or ≥5/10 at wound compression, a plasma sample was taken for analysis of oxycodone [to determine the minimum effective concentration (MEC)], its metabolites, and dexketoprofen. After that, subjects were titrated with oxycodone 2 or 3 mg i.v. every 10 min until the NRS score was <3/10 at rest and <5/10 at wound compression. At this point, a second plasma sample was taken for analysis of oxycodone [minimum effective analgesic concentration (MEAC)], its metabolites, and dexketoprofen. Results At the onset of pain, the plasma oxycodone concentrations (MEC) were similar in the two groups: median 60 ng/mL (range 37–73) in the 10 mg group and median 52 ng/mL (range 24–79) in the 50 mg group. At the time of pain relief, the MEACs were 98 ng/mL (range 59–150) in the 10 mg group and 80 ng/mL (range 45–128) in the 50 mg group. The total doses of oxycodone needed to achieve pain relief were similar: 0.11 mg/kg (range 0–0.33) in the 10 mg group and 0.08 mg/kg (range 0–0.24) in the 50 mg group. Eleven subjects developed mild desaturation or a decreased respiratory rate after oxycodone titration. Conclusion In the present double-blinded, randomized clinical trial, the need for a rescue opioid analgesic, oxycodone, was similar with the two dose levels of dexketoprofen—10 and 50 mg i.v.—after LCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Piirainen
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Anesthesia and Operative Services, Kuopio University Hospital, PO Box 100, 70029, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hannu Kokki
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Anesthesia and Operative Services, Kuopio University Hospital, PO Box 100, 70029, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Satu Immonen
- Department of Anesthesia and Operative Services, Kuopio University Hospital, PO Box 100, 70029, Kuopio, Finland.,School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Matti Eskelinen
- Department of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Merja Kokki
- Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. .,Department of Anesthesia and Operative Services, Kuopio University Hospital, PO Box 100, 70029, Kuopio, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kärkkäinen O, Häkkinen MR, Auriola S, Kautiainen H, Tiihonen J, Storvik M. Increased steroid hormone dehydroepiandrosterone and pregnenolone levels in post-mortem brain samples of alcoholics. Alcohol 2016; 52:63-70. [PMID: 27139239 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Intra-tissue levels of steroid hormones (e.g., dehydroepiandrosterone [DHEA], pregnenolone [PREGN], and testosterone [T]) may influence the pathological changes seen in neurotransmitter systems of alcoholic brains. Our aim was to compare levels of these steroid hormones between the post-mortem brain samples of alcoholics and non-alcoholic controls. We studied steroid levels with quantitative liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in post-mortem brain samples of alcoholics (N = 14) and non-alcoholic controls (N = 10). Significant differences were observed between study groups in DHEA and PREGN levels (p values 0.0056 and 0.019, respectively), but not in T levels. Differences between the study groups were most prominent in the nucleus accumbens (NAC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and anterior insula (AINS). DHEA levels were increased in most alcoholic subjects compared to controls. However, only a subgroup of alcoholics showed increased PREGN levels. Negative Spearman correlations between tissue levels of PREGN and previous reports of [(3)H]naloxone binding to μ-opioid receptors were observed in the AINS, ACC, NAC, and frontal cortex (R values between -0.6 and -0.8; p values ≤ 0.002), suggesting an association between the opioid system and brain PREGN levels. Although preliminary, and from relatively small diagnostic groups, these results show significantly increased levels of DHEA and PREGN in the brains of alcoholics, and could be associated with the pathology of alcoholism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olli Kärkkäinen
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- General Practice, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Unit of Primary Health Care, Kuopio University Hospital, FI-70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari Tiihonen
- Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, FI-70240 Kuopio, Finland; Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus Storvik
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ucal S, Khomutov AR, Häkkinen MR, Turhanen PA, Vepsäläinen JJ, Weisella J. Selective acetylation of primary amino groups with phenyl acetate; simple synthesis of N,N´-diacetyl polyamines. ARKIVOC 2015. [DOI: 10.3998/ark.5550190.p009.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
21
|
Huhtinen K, Saloniemi-Heinonen T, Keski-Rahkonen P, Desai R, Laajala D, Ståhle M, Häkkinen MR, Awosanya M, Suvitie P, Kujari H, Aittokallio T, Handelsman DJ, Auriola S, Perheentupa A, Poutanen M. Intra-tissue steroid profiling indicates differential progesterone and testosterone metabolism in the endometrium and endometriosis lesions. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:E2188-97. [PMID: 25137424 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-1913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Aberrant sex steroid signaling is suggested to promote endometriosis growth by several mechanisms, and the tissue concentrations of sex steroids are key determinants of the hormone action. However, their concentrations are only superficially known in the endometrium and endometriosis lesions. OBJECTIVE This study sought to evaluate whether the tissue steroid hormone concentrations in endometriosis differ from the endometrium or serum. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Steroid analysis of serum and tissue specimens of women with endometriosis (n = 60) and healthy controls (n=16) was measured, and supporting data from quantitative RT-PCR for steroidogenic enzymes and explant cultures of a subset of specimens is provided. RESULTS Endometrial tissue progesterone (P4) concentrations reflected the serum P4 levels during the menstrual cycle, whereas in endometriosis lesions, the cycle-dependent change was missing. Remarkably high tissue T concentrations were measured in endometriosis lesions independent of the cycle phase, being 5-19 times higher than the corresponding serum levels. Tissue/serum ratio of T was further increased in patients with contraceptive medication. The altered tissue steroid concentrations in endometriosis were in line with the expression of various steroidogenic enzymes in the lesions, of which HSD3B2 showed constantly high expression, whereas CYP11A1 expression was low. Furthermore, the high concentration of sex steroids detected in the ovarian lesions involves their production by the lesion and by the adjacent ovarian tissue. CONCLUSIONS Endometriosis lesions present with progestin and androgen metabolism, which are different from that of the endometrium, and the lesions are characterized by high tissue T and a loss of cyclical changes in tissue P4 concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa Huhtinen
- Department of Physiology (K.H., T.S.-H., D.L., M.S., M.A., A.P., M.P.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.H., P.S., A.P.), University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland (P.K.-R., M.R.H., S.A.), 70211 Kuopio, Finland; ANZAC Research Institute (R.D., D.J.H.), Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, 2139, Australia; Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (D.L., T.A.), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pathology (H.K.), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; Turku Center for Disease Modeling (M.P.), University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; and Institute of Medicine (M.P.), The Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Landreh L, Spinnler K, Schubert K, Häkkinen MR, Auriola S, Poutanen M, Söder O, Svechnikov K, Mayerhofer A. Human testicular peritubular cells host putative stem Leydig cells with steroidogenic capacity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:E1227-35. [PMID: 24684461 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-4199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM We aim to examine the steroidogenic phenotype and the differentiation potential of human testicular peritubular cells (HTPCs) and to explore their possible relationship to the adult Leydig cell lineage. BACKGROUND The cells of the adult Leydig cell lineage may reside in the peritubular compartment of the testis. This suggestion is supported by the facts that the rodent peritubular cells can be differentiated toward this lineage and that cAMP enhances their steroidogenic potential. METHODS Human testicular biopsies, and derived HTPCs, were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and Western blotting. After stimulation by forskolin or platelet-derived growth factor-BB, quantitative RT-PCR was used to compare the levels of mRNAs encoding proteins involved in steroidogenesis and steroid production was analyzed by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the peritubular cells that form the outer part of the tubular wall express platelet derived growth factor receptor-α. Furthermore, the pluripotency markers (POU domain class 5 transcription factor 1, GATA-binding protein 4), stem Leydig cell markers (platelet derived growth factor receptor-A, leukemia inhibitory factor receptor), and mRNAs encoding proteins involved in steroidogenesis (nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 1; steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; CYP11A1; CYP17A1; 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) were expressed by the HTPCs. Stimulation with forskolin increased the expression of the steroidogenic markers, which was accompanied by the production of pregnenolone and progesterone by HTPCs in vitro. Treatment with platelet-derived growth factor-BB induced expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the tubular wall of the human testis is a reservoir for cells of the adult Leydig cell lineage and that the steroidogenic potential of these cells can be activated in culture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luise Landreh
- Department of Women's and Children's Health (L.L., O.S., K.Sv.), Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Anatomy III-Cell Biology (K.Sp., K.Sc., A.M.), Ludwig Maximilian University, 80336 Munich, Germany; School of Pharmacy (M.R.H., S.A.), University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; and Turku Center for Disease Modeling (M.P.), Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Roine A, Veskimäe E, Tuokko A, Kumpulainen P, Koskimäki J, Keinänen TA, Häkkinen MR, Vepsäläinen J, Paavonen T, Lekkala J, Lehtimäki T, Tammela TL, Oksala NKJ. Detection of prostate cancer by an electronic nose: a proof of principle study. J Urol 2014; 192:230-4. [PMID: 24582536 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.01.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluate the ability of an electronic nose to discriminate prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia using urine headspace, potentially offering a clinically applicable noninvasive and rapid diagnostic method. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ChemPro® 100-eNose was used to discriminate prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia using urine sample headspace. Its performance was tested with 50 patients with confirmed prostate cancer and 24 samples from 15 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (15 patients provided urine preoperatively and 9 patients provided samples 3 months postoperatively) scheduled to undergo robotic assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy or transurethral resection of prostate, respectively. The patients provided urine sample preoperatively and those with benign prostatic hyperplasia also provided samples 3 months postoperatively to be used as a pooled control sample population. A discrimination classifier was identified for eNose and subsequently, sensitivity and specificity values were determined. Leave-one-out cross-validation was performed. RESULTS Using leave-one-out cross-validation the eNose reached a sensitivity of 78%, a specificity of 67% and AUC 0.77. CONCLUSIONS The electronic nose is capable of rapidly and noninvasively discriminating prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia using urine headspace in patients undergoing surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antti Roine
- School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Erik Veskimäe
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tampere and Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Antti Tuokko
- School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Pekka Kumpulainen
- Department of Automation Science and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Juha Koskimäki
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tampere and Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tuomo A Keinänen
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jouko Vepsäläinen
- School of Pharmacy, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo Paavonen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere and Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Lekkala
- Department of Automation Science and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and University of Tampere, School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teuvo L Tammela
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tampere and Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Niku K J Oksala
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tampere and Department of Vascular Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sarnes A, Kovalainen M, Häkkinen MR, Laaksonen T, Laru J, Kiesvaara J, Ilkka J, Oksala O, Rönkkö S, Järvinen K, Hirvonen J, Peltonen L. Nanocrystal-based per-oral itraconazole delivery: superior in vitro dissolution enhancement versus Sporanox® is not realized in in vivo drug absorption. J Control Release 2014; 180:109-16. [PMID: 24566254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscience holds true promise in enabling efficient formulation development and in vivo delivery of poorly water soluble drugs. The objective of this study was to formulate solid oral nanocrystal delivery systems of itraconazole, and thus enhance the oral bioavailability of the very poorly soluble drug. Nanocrystal suspensions were prepared by a rapid wet milling technique, after which the suspensions were transformed into solid dosage forms by both freeze drying and granulating. Finally, the obtained nanocrystalline powders were capsule-packed as well as compacted to tablets. After in vitro analysis, the formulations (nanocrystal suspension (NPs), freeze dried NPs, granulated NPs) were tested in vivo in a rat model, and compared with commercial itraconazole formulation (Sporanox). Importantly, the results indicated rapid dissolution of the nanocrystalline itraconazole with enhanced bioavailability compared to physical mixture. Drug dissolution in vitro was immediate from NPs and freeze dried powder, and differed significantly from the marketed product (P=0.004 and 0.002, correspondingly) until 30min. Freeze drying was detected to be especially advantageous for the solid dosage forms. It is possible to maintain the original character of the nanocrystals, e.g. rapid dissolution, even after tableting of the nanocrystalline powders. Interestingly, the marketed product out-performed the nanocrystalline formulations in vivo, even though the nanocrystals provided reasonable bioavailability of itraconazole absorption as well. The efficient in vitro dissolution enhancement of the nanocrystalline formulations compared to Sporanox® was not realized in in vivo drug absorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annika Sarnes
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Miia Kovalainen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Merja R Häkkinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo Laaksonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Laru
- Orion Pharma R&D, Formulation Research, Espoo, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Seppo Rönkkö
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristiina Järvinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jouni Hirvonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leena Peltonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Häkkinen MR, Roine A, Auriola S, Tuokko A, Veskimäe E, Keinänen TA, Lehtimäki T, Oksala N, Vepsäläinen J. Analysis of free, mono- and diacetylated polyamines from human urine by LC–MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 941:81-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
26
|
Rahikainen T, Häkkinen MR, Finel M, Pasanen M, Juvonen RO. A high throughput assay for the glucuronidation of 7-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin by recombinant human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and liver microsomes. Xenobiotica 2013; 43:853-61. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2013.783724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
27
|
Roine A, Tolvanen M, Sipiläinen M, Kumpulainen P, Helenius MA, Lehtimäki T, Vepsäläinen J, Keinänen TA, Häkkinen MR, Koskimäki J, Veskimäe E, Tuokko A, Visakorpi T, Tammela TL, Sioris T, Paavonen T, Lekkala J, Helle H, Oksala NKJ. Detection of smell print differences between nonmalignant and malignant prostate cells with an electronic nose. Future Oncol 2013; 8:1157-65. [PMID: 23030490 DOI: 10.2217/fon.12.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine whether an electronic nose can differentiate cultured nonmalignant and malignant prostatic cells from each other and whether the smell print is secreted to the surrounding medium. MATERIALS & METHODS Prostatic nonmalignant (EP-156T and controls) and malignant (LNCaP) cell lines, as well as conditioned and unconditioned media, were collected. The smell prints of the samples were analyzed by a ChemPro(®) 100 electronic nose device. The data were normalized and dimension reduction was conducted. The samples were classified and misclassification rates were calculated. RESULTS The electronic nose differentiated the nonmalignant and malignant cell lines from each other, achieving misclassification rates of 2.9-3.6%. Cells did not differ from the conditioned medium but differed from the unconditioned medium (misclassification rates: 0.0-25.6%). CONCLUSION Malignant and nonmalignant prostatic cell lines have distinct smell prints. Prostatic cancer cells seem to modify the smell print of their medium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antti Roine
- Medical School, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Häkkinen MR, Laine JE, Juvonen RO, Auriola S, Häyrinen J, Pasanen M. 2′-Deoxyguanosine as a surrogate trapping agent for DNA reactive drug metabolites. Toxicol Lett 2011; 207:34-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Revised: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 08/26/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
29
|
Cerrada-Gimenez M, Häkkinen MR, Vepsäläinen J, Auriola S, Alhonen L, Keinänen TA. Polyamine flux analysis by determination of heavy isotope incorporation from 13C, 15N-enriched amino acids into polyamines by LC–MS/MS. Amino Acids 2011; 42:451-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-1024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
30
|
Khomutov AR, Weisell J, Khomutov MA, Grigorenko NA, Simonian AR, Häkkinen MR, Keinänen TA, Hyvönen MT, Alhonen L, Kochetkov SN, Vepsäläinen J. Methylated polyamines as research tools. Methods Mol Biol 2011; 720:449-461. [PMID: 21318892 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-034-8_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Earlier unknown racemic β-methylspermidine (β-MeSpd) and γ-methylspermidine (γ-MeSpd) were -synthesized starting from crotononitrile or methacrylonitrile and putrescine. Lithium aluminum hydride reduction of the intermediate di-Boc-nitriles resulted in corresponding di-Boc-amines, which after deprotection gave target β- and γ-MeSpd's. To prepare α-MeSpd, the starting compound, 3-amino-1-butanol, was converted into N-Cbz-3-amino-1-butyl methanesulfonate, which alkylated putrescine to give (after deprotection of amino group) the required α-MeSpd. Novel β- and γ-MeSpd's in combination with earlier α-MeSpd are useful tools for studying enzymology and cell biology of polyamines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex R Khomutov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
This chapter describes a protocol to analyze polyamines without any derivatization steps utilizing LC-MS/MS. Polyamines are separated by reversed phase LC prior MS analysis using heptafluorobutyric acid as MS compatible volatile ion-pairing agent, and selective and sensitive MS detection is performed using MS/MS in selected reaction monitoring mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merja R Häkkinen
- Department of Biosciences, Laboratory of Chemistry, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Weisell J, Hyvönen MT, Häkkinen MR, Grigorenko NA, Pietilä M, Lampinen A, Kochetkov SN, Alhonen L, Vepsäläinen J, Keinänen TA, Khomutov AR. Synthesis and biological characterization of novel charge-deficient spermine analogues. J Med Chem 2010; 53:5738-48. [PMID: 20684609 DOI: 10.1021/jm100439p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Biogenic polyamines, spermidine and spermine, are positively charged at physiological pH. They are present in all cells and essential for their growth and viability. Here we synthesized three novel derivatives of the isosteric charge-deficient spermine analogue 1,12-diamino-3,6,9-triazadodecane (SpmTrien, 5a) that are N(1)-Ac-SpmTrien (5c), N(12)-Ac-SpmTrien (5b), and N(1),N(12)-diethyl-1,12-diamino-3,6,9-triazadodecane (N(1),N(12)-Et(2)-SpmTrien, 5d). 5a and 5d readily accumulated in DU145 cells at the same concentration range as natural polyamines and moderately competed for the uptake with putrescine (1) but not with spermine (4a) or spermidine (2). 5a efficiently down-regulated ornithine decarboxylase and decreased polyamine levels, while 5d proved to be inefficient, compared with N(1),N(11)-diethylnorspermine (6). None of the tested analogues were substrates for human recombinant spermine oxidase, but those having free aminoterminus, including 1,8-diamino-3,6-diazaoctane (Trien, 3a), were acetylated by mouse recombinant spermidine/spermine N(1)-acetyltransferase. 5a was acetylated to 5c and 5b, and the latter was further metabolized by acetylpolyamine oxidase to 3a, a drug used to treat Wilson's disease. Thus, 5a is a bioactive precursor of 3a with enhanced bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janne Weisell
- Department of Biosciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Häkkinen MR, Hyvönen MT, Auriola S, Casero RA, Vepsäläinen J, Khomutov AR, Alhonen L, Keinänen TA. Metabolism of N-alkylated spermine analogues by polyamine and spermine oxidases. Amino Acids 2010; 38:369-81. [PMID: 20012116 PMCID: PMC2992990 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-009-0429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Accepted: 09/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
N-alkylated polyamine analogues have potential as anticancer and antiparasitic drugs. However, their metabolism in the host has remained incompletely defined thus potentially limiting their utility. Here, we have studied the degradation of three different spermine analogues N,N'-bis-(3-ethylaminopropyl)butane-1,4-diamine (DESPM), N-(3-benzyl-aminopropyl)-N'-(3-ethylaminopropyl)butane-1,4-diamine (BnEtSPM) and N,N'-bis-(3-benzylaminopropyl)butane-1,4-diamine (DBSPM) and related mono-alkylated derivatives as substrates of recombinant human polyamine oxidase (APAO) and spermine oxidase (SMO). APAO and SMO metabolized DESPM to EtSPD [K(m(APAO)) = 10 microM, k(cat(APAO)) = 1.1 s(-1) and K(m(SMO)) = 28 microM, k(cat(SMO)) = 0.8 s(-1), respectively], metabolized BnEtSPM to EtSPD [K(m(APAO)) = 0.9 microM, k(cat(APAO)) = 1.1 s(-1) and K(m(SMO)) = 51 microM, k(cat(SMO)) = 0.4 s(-1), respectively], and metabolized DBSPM to BnSPD [K(m(APAO)) = 5.4 microM, k(cat(APAO)) = 2.0 s(-1) and K(m(SMO)) = 33 microM, k(cat(SMO)) = 0.3 s(-1), respectively]. Interestingly, mono-alkylated spermine derivatives were metabolized by APAO and SMO to SPD [EtSPM K(m(APAO)) = 16 microM, k(cat(APAO)) = 1.5 s(-1); K(m(SMO)) = 25 microM, k(cat(SMO)) = 8.2 s(-1); BnSPM K(m(APAO) )= 6.0 microM, k(cat(APAO)) = 2.8 s(-1); K(m(SMO)) = 19 muM, k(cat(SMO)) = 0.8 s(-1), respectively]. Surprisingly, EtSPD [K(m(APAO)) = 37 microM, k(cat(APAO)) = 0.1 s(-1); K(m(SMO)) = 48 microM, k(cat(SMO)) = 0.05 s(-1)] and BnSPD [K(m(APAO)) = 2.5 microM, k(cat(APAO)) = 3.5 s(-1); K(m(SMO)) = 60 microM, k(cat(SMO)) = 0.54 s(-1)] were metabolized to SPD by both the oxidases. Furthermore, we studied the degradation of DESPM, BnEtSPM or DBSPM in the DU145 prostate carcinoma cell line. The same major metabolites EtSPD and/or BnSPD were detected both in the culture medium and intracellularly after 48 h of culture. Moreover, EtSPM and BnSPM were detected from cell samples. Present data shows that inducible SMO parallel with APAO could play an important role in polyamine based drug action, i.e. degradation of parent drug and its metabolites, having significant impact on efficiency of these drugs, and hence for the development of novel N-alkylated polyamine analogues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merja R Häkkinen
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Biosciences, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Kuopio, P.O.Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Häkkinen MR, Keinänen TA, Vepsäläinen J, Khomutov AR, Alhonen L, Jänne J, Auriola S. Analysis of underivatized polyamines by reversed phase liquid chromatography with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 45:625-34. [PMID: 17945452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2007] [Revised: 08/30/2007] [Accepted: 09/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A reversed phase liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometric method (RP-LC-ESI-MS/MS) was developed to separate and detect polyamines with minimal sample pre-treatment and without any derivatization. Prior to MS/MS analysis, a complete chromatographic separation of polyamines was achieved by a linear gradient elution using heptafluorobutyric acid as a volatile ion-pair modifier, and signal suppression was prevented by post-column addition of 75% propionic acid in isopropanol to the column flow. The developed method was successfully applied to the identification of metabolites formed from N(1),N(12)-diethylspermine in the reaction catalyzed by recombinant human polyamine oxidase and to the detection of eight different polyamines in a standard mixture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merja R Häkkinen
- Department of Biosciences, Laboratory of Chemistry, University of Kuopio, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|