1
|
Affiliation(s)
- O Bagshaw
- Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - P Brooks
- Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Baxter
- Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vetten Z, Auld B, Brooks P, Robertson T, Lee-Tannock A, Yim D, Han D, Alsweiler J, Gentles T. Inter-Rater Reliability and Agreement of Fetal Echocardiography Measurements Among Investigators From Multiple Sites. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
3
|
Gozt AK, Hellewell SC, Thorne J, Thomas E, Buhagiar F, Markovic S, Van Houselt A, Ring A, Arendts G, Smedley B, Van Schalkwyk S, Brooks P, Iliff J, Celenza A, Mukherjee A, Xu D, Robinson S, Honeybul S, Cowen G, Licari M, Bynevelt M, Pestell CF, Fatovich D, Fitzgerald M. Predicting outcome following mild traumatic brain injury: protocol for the longitudinal, prospective, observational Concussion Recovery ( CREST) cohort study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e046460. [PMID: 33986061 PMCID: PMC8126315 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a complex injury with heterogeneous physical, cognitive, emotional and functional outcomes. Many who sustain mTBI recover within 2 weeks of injury; however, approximately 10%-20% of individuals experience mTBI symptoms beyond this 'typical' recovery timeframe, known as persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS). Despite increasing interest in PPCS, uncertainty remains regarding its prevalence in community-based populations and the extent to which poor recovery may be identified using early predictive markers. OBJECTIVE (1) Establish a research dataset of people who have experienced mTBI and document their recovery trajectories; (2) Evaluate a broad range of novel and established prognostic factors for inclusion in a predictive model for PPCS. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The Concussion Recovery Study (CREST) is a prospective, longitudinal observational cohort study conducted in Perth, Western Australia. CREST is recruiting adults aged 18-65 from medical and community-based settings with acute diagnosis of mTBI. CREST will create a state-wide research dataset of mTBI cases, with data being collected in two phases. Phase I collates data on demographics, medical background, lifestyle habits, nature of injury and acute mTBI symptomatology. In Phase II, participants undergo neuropsychological evaluation, exercise tolerance and vestibular/ocular motor screening, MRI, quantitative electroencephalography and blood-based biomarker assessment. Follow-up is conducted via telephone interview at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after injury. Primary outcome measures are presence of PPCS and quality of life, as measured by the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale and the Quality of Life after Brain Injury questionnaires, respectively. Multivariate modelling will examine the prognostic value of promising factors. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Human Research Ethics Committees of Royal Perth Hospital (#RGS0000003024), Curtin University (HRE2019-0209), Ramsay Health Care (#2009) and St John of God Health Care (#1628) have approved this study protocol. Findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12619001226190.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Karolina Gozt
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University Faculty of Health Sciences, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- Perron Institute of Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah Claire Hellewell
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University Faculty of Health Sciences, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jacinta Thorne
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University Faculty of Health Sciences, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Thomas
- Centre for Clinical Research Excellence, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- Division of Surgery, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Francesca Buhagiar
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Shaun Markovic
- Australian Alzheimer's Research Foundation, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- The Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anoek Van Houselt
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alexander Ring
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University Faculty of Health Sciences, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Glenn Arendts
- Emergency Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Research in Emergency Medicine, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ben Smedley
- Emergency Department, Rockingham General Hospital, Cooloongup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sjinene Van Schalkwyk
- Emergency Department, Joondalup Health Campus, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Philip Brooks
- Emergency Department, Saint John of God Midland Public Hospital, Midland, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame and Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John Iliff
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- Emergency Department, Saint John of God Hospital Murdoch, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- Emergency Department, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Royal Flying Doctor Service- Western Operations, Jandakot, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Antonio Celenza
- Emergency Department, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Division of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ashes Mukherjee
- Emergency Department, Armadale Health Service, Mount Nasura, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dan Xu
- Centre for Clinical Research Excellence, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suzanne Robinson
- Centre for Clinical Research Excellence, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Stephen Honeybul
- Statewide Director of Neurosurgery, Department of Health Government of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Head of Department, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Royal Perth Hospital and Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Gill Cowen
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Melissa Licari
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, West Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Bynevelt
- Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- The Neurological Intervention & Imaging Service of Western Australia at Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Carmela F Pestell
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University Faculty of Health Sciences, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel Fatovich
- Centre for Clinical Research in Emergency Medicine, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Emergency Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Melinda Fitzgerald
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University Faculty of Health Sciences, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- Perron Institute of Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Birch GF, Lee JH, Tanner E, Fortune J, Munksgaard N, Whitehead J, Coughanowr C, Agius J, Chrispijn J, Taylor U, Wells F, Bellas J, Besada V, Viñas L, Soares-Gomes A, Cordeiro RC, Machado W, Santelli RE, Vaughan M, Cameron M, Brooks P, Crowe T, Ponti M, Airoldi L, Guerra R, Puente A, Gómez AG, Zhou GJ, Leung KMY, Steinberg P. Sediment metal enrichment and ecological risk assessment of ten ports and estuaries in the World Harbours Project. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 155:111129. [PMID: 32469765 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ten global harbours were assessed for sediment quality by quantifying the magnitude of anthropogenic change and ecological risk. Anthropogenic change (enrichment) was high for Derwent River and Sydney estuary, moderate for Santander Harbour, Rio de Janeiro and Dublin Port, slight for Hong Kong, minimal for Darwin. All 10 enrichment indices used showed similar results. Derwent River sediment was rated at high ecological risk, followed by Sydney and Santander estuaries with moderate risk. Auckland and Darwin sediments exhibited minimal ecological risk and sediment in the remaining harbours (Dublin, Hong Kong, Ravenna, Ria de Vigo and Rio de Janeiro) were assessed at slight ecological risk. The extraordinary variety of environments and types/quantities/qualities of data investigated resulted in as much a critique and development of methodology, as an assessment of human impact, including unique techniques for elemental normalisation and contaminant classification. Recommendations for an improved technical framework for sediment quality assessment are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G F Birch
- School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - J-H Lee
- School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Lotsearch, 3/68 Alfred Street, Milsons Point, NSW, 2061, Australia
| | - E Tanner
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW, Australia
| | - J Fortune
- Aquatic Health Unit, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - N Munksgaard
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods (RIEL), Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - J Whitehead
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - C Coughanowr
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - J Agius
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - J Chrispijn
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - U Taylor
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - F Wells
- Derwent River Program, DPIPWE, Tasmania, Australia
| | - J Bellas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, 36390, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - V Besada
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, 36390, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - L Viñas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, 36390, Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - A Soares-Gomes
- Federal Fluminense University, Marine Biology Department, Valonguinho Campus, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - R C Cordeiro
- Federal Fluminense University, Geochemistry Department, Valonguinho Campus, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - W Machado
- Federal Fluminense University, Geochemistry Department, Valonguinho Campus, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - R E Santelli
- Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Chemistry Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - M Vaughan
- Research and evaluation unit, Auckland Council, New Zealand
| | - M Cameron
- Research and evaluation unit, Auckland Council, New Zealand
| | - P Brooks
- UCD Earth Institute and School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T Crowe
- UCD Earth Institute and School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M Ponti
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - L Airoldi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - R Guerra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Interdepartmental Research Centre of Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - A Puente
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria Avda. Isabel Torres, 15, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - A G Gómez
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria Avda. Isabel Torres, 15, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - G J Zhou
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - K M Y Leung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - P Steinberg
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hoy DG, Raikoti T, Smith E, Tuzakana A, Gill T, Matikarai K, Tako J, Jorari A, Blyth F, Pitaboe A, Buchbinder R, Kalauma I, Brooks P, Lepers C, Woolf A, Briggs A, March L. Use of The Global Alliance for Musculoskeletal Health survey module for estimating the population prevalence of musculoskeletal pain: findings from the Solomon Islands. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018; 19:292. [PMID: 30115055 PMCID: PMC6097436 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-018-2198-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions are common and the biggest global cause of physical disability. The objective of the current study was to estimate the population prevalence of MSK-related pain using a standardized global MSK survey module for the first time. Methods A MSK survey module was constructed by the Global Alliance for Musculoskeletal Health Surveillance Taskforce and the Global Burden of Disease MSK Expert Group. The MSK module was included in the 2015 Solomon Islands Demographic and Health Survey. The sampling design was a two-stage stratified, nationally representative sample of households. Results A total of 9214 participants aged 15–49 years were included in the analysis. The age-standardized four-week prevalence of activity-limiting low back pain, neck pain, and hip and/or knee pain was 16.8, 8.9, and 10.8%, respectively. Prevalence tended to increase with age, and be higher in those with lower levels of education. Conclusions Prevalence of activity-limited pain was high in all measured MSK sites. This indicates an important public health issue for the Solomon Islands that needs to be addressed. Efforts should be underpinned by integration with strategies for other non-communicable diseases, aging, disability, and rehabilitation, and with other sectors such as social services, education, industry, and agriculture. Primary prevention strategies and strategies aimed at self-management are likely to have the greatest and most cost-effective impact. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12891-018-2198-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D G Hoy
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. .,Global Alliance for Musculoskeletal Health, Truro, UK. .,Pacific Community (SPC), Noumea, New Caledonia.
| | - T Raikoti
- Pacific Community (SPC), Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - E Smith
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Tuzakana
- Solomon Islands National Statistics Office, Honiara, Solomon Islands
| | - T Gill
- University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - K Matikarai
- Pacific Community (SPC), Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - J Tako
- Solomon Islands National Statistics Office, Honiara, Solomon Islands
| | - A Jorari
- Pacific Community (SPC), Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - F Blyth
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Pitaboe
- Solomon Islands National Statistics Office, Honiara, Solomon Islands
| | | | - I Kalauma
- Solomon Islands National Statistics Office, Honiara, Solomon Islands
| | - P Brooks
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Lepers
- Pacific Community (SPC), Noumea, New Caledonia
| | - A Woolf
- Global Alliance for Musculoskeletal Health, Truro, UK.,Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, UK
| | - A Briggs
- Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - L March
- University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Global Alliance for Musculoskeletal Health, Truro, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Descovich KA, Johnston S, Lisle A, Nicolson V, Janssen T, Brooks P, Phillips CJC. Long-term measurement of body temperature in the southern hairy-nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons). Aust Mammalogy 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/am15041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The southern hairy-nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons) is a nocturnal, fossorial marsupial that has evolved a range of physiological and behavioural adaptations to its semiarid environment. This study describes long-term core body temperature (Tb) of L. latifrons in a population with opportunities for behavioural thermoregulation through burrow use. Tb was measured hourly in 12 captive L. latifrons using implanted dataloggers over a 9-month period from late winter to late autumn. Data were examined for daily patterns, seasonal changes, sex differences and the relationship with environmental conditions (ambient temperature, den temperature and relative humidity). Tb ranged from 30.9 to 38.8°C, and had a distinct nychthemeral rhythm, with peak temperatures occurring at night in line with nocturnal activity. Females had a higher mean Tb (34.9°C) than males (34.4°C). The relationship between external ambient temperature and body temperature was negative, with body temperature decreasing as ambient temperature increased. This study is an important step towards a comprehensive picture of thermoregulation in L. latifrons, which may become vulnerable in the future if environmental temperatures rise and water availability decreases.
Collapse
|
7
|
Meloncelli DM, Windsor SAM, Brooks P. Chemical profiles of honeys originating from different floral sources and geographic locations examined by a combination of three extraction and analysis techniques. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v7i2.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
8
|
Fiddes P, Brooks P, Komesaroff P. Author reply. Intern Med J 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/imj.12837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Fiddes
- Peninsula Clinical School; Monash University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - P. Brooks
- Australian Health Workforce Institute (AHWI); Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - P. Komesaroff
- Department of Medicine; Alfred Hospital; Monash University; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tripp R, van der Sanden SM, Wu W, dybdahl-Sissoko N, Weldon W, Brooks P, O'donnell J, Jones L, Brown C, Tompkins S, Oberste M, Karpilow J. Engineering enhanced vaccine cell lines to eradicate vaccine preventable diseases: the polio endgame (VAC9P.1107). The Journal of Immunology 2015. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.194.supp.145.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Advances in genomic screening and gene editing technologies provide a means to create the next generation of vaccine manufacturing cell lines. A genome-wide RNAi screen was used to identify gene knock-down events that enhance poliovirus replication with the aim of increasing vaccine yield and reducing the costs and time associated with vaccine production. Primary screen hits were validated with several attenuated and wild poliovirus strains in a Vero cell line employed in vaccine production. Multiple genes were identified that upon silencing increased titers >20-fold, and in some instances, knockdown of a gene or gene combination increased virus titers by >50-fold. Importantly, stable knockout of top candidates from the screen and validation studies using CRISPR technology provided equivalent or improved viral production of multiple serotypes. Several of these gene knockdowns also enhanced titer of enterovirus 71, a clinically relevant virus for which vaccines are being targeted. Host gene silencing events that facilitate poliovirus replication mapped to several cell pathways, and in all cases, gene silencing did not affect poliovirus antigenicity. This study suggests that modulating host genes to increase vaccine production can significantly enhance vaccine production at reduced costs, a finding that should greatly facilitate global implementation of inactivated poliovirus vaccine for polio eradication, and change the paradigm in mammalian vaccine cell line production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Tripp
- 1University of Georgia-College of Veterinary Med, Athens, GA
| | | | - W Wu
- 1University of Georgia-College of Veterinary Med, Athens, GA
| | | | | | - P Brooks
- 1University of Georgia-College of Veterinary Med, Athens, GA
| | - J O'donnell
- 1University of Georgia-College of Veterinary Med, Athens, GA
| | - L Jones
- 1University of Georgia-College of Veterinary Med, Athens, GA
| | - C Brown
- 2Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - M Oberste
- 2Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Komesaroff P, Kerridge I, Carney S, Brooks P. Is it too late to turn back the clock on managerialism and neoliberalism? Intern Med J 2013; 43:221-2. [PMID: 23441656 DOI: 10.1111/imj.12078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
11
|
Abstract
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is commonly associated with early hip arthritis. We reviewed our series of 1300 hip resurfacing procedures. More than 90% of our male patients, with an average age of 53 years, had cam impingement lesions. In this condition, there are anterior femoral neck osteophytes, and a retroverted femoral head on a normally anteverted neck. It is postulated that FAI results in collision of the anterior neck of the femur against the rim of the acetabulum, causing damage to the acetabular labrum and articular cartilage, resulting in osteoarthritis. Early treatment of FAI involves arthroscopic or open removal of bone from the anterior femoral neck, as well as repair or removal of labral tears. However, once osteoarthritis has developed, hip replacement or hip resurfacing is indicated. Hip resurfacing can re-orient the head and re-shape the neck. This helps to restore normal biomechanics to the hip, eliminate FAI, and improve range of motion. Since many younger men with hip arthritis have FAI, and are also considered the best candidates for hip resurfacing, it is evident that resurfacing has a role in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P. Brooks
- Cleveland Clinic, 9500
Euclid Ave, A-41, Cleveland, Ohio
44195, USA
| | - B. Bershadsky
- Cleveland Clinic, 9500
Euclid Ave, A-41, Cleveland, Ohio
44195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Akhtar N, Brooks P. The use of botulinum toxin in the management of burns itching: preliminary results. Burns 2012; 38:1119-23. [PMID: 22795731 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2012.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Itching is a common and well recognised problem following burns. As the underlying pathways involved in burns itch have been identified, different pharmacological agents have been introduced to improve the effectiveness of management regimes. We present preliminary data from an on-going study in the use of botulinum toxin as a novel agent in the treatment of this problem. METHOD Patients with recalcitrant itching secondary to burns treated with Botox(©) were identified. Data pertaining to burn size, depth and management were recorded. The delay in the onset of the itch, its severity and the speed and duration of any improvement in symptoms were also noted. RESULTS 10 patients were identified. 1 patient was excluded. Average follow-up was 11.3 months. All patients had deep partial thickness to full thickness burns. Eight patients underwent grafting. The average burn was 24% TBSA. 87.5% of patients rated their burns itch as being severe (>7 on the pain scale). Following the administration of Botox(©) this fell to 0 out of 10 at 4 weeks. The average duration of the symptom free period was nine months (range 3-18 months). CONCLUSION Botox(©) can successfully be used to treat burns itch that are resistant to conventional therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Akhtar
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Nottingham City Hospital, Herries Road, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hannan T, Brooks P. Health workforce changes and the roles of information technology associated with these changes. “The Times They Are A-Changin' ” (Bob Dylan, 1964). Intern Med J 2012; 42:722-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2012.02801.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
14
|
Redstone L, Shepherd L, Bousfield C, Brooks P. An audit of patients’ experiences and opinions concerning mirrors in a UK burns service. Burns 2011; 37:1248-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2011.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
15
|
Tang YMJ, Chapman TWL, Brooks P. Use of tranexamic acid to reduce bleeding in burns surgery. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2011; 65:684-6. [PMID: 21983540 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2011.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
We describe, for the first time, the use of topical tranexamic acid as an adjunct to traditional methods in the control of bleeding in burns surgery. We illustrate our use with a case example and continue to discuss the reasons we believe it is a useful, effective and safe means of achieving haemostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y M J Tang
- Burns & Plastic Surgery Department, Nottingham University Hospitals, City Hospital Campus, Hucknall Road, NG5 1PB Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
|
17
|
Sullivan D, Brooks P, Tindale N, Chapman S, Ahmed W. Faecal sterols analysis for the identification of human faecal pollution in a non-sewered catchment. Water Sci Technol 2010; 61:1355-1361. [PMID: 20220257 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, faecal sterols were used to identify human faecal pollution in a non-sewered catchment in Southeast Queensland, Australia. In all, 36 water samples were collected from six sites on six occasions and the concentration of sterols were determined using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The stanols concentration in water samples generally increased with increased catchment runoff. After moderate rainfall, high coprostanols levels found in water samples indicated human faecal pollution via defective septic systems. In contrast, it appears that during dry weather human faecal pollution is not occurring in the study catchment. Sterol profiles also pointed to a cattle farm polluting during modest catchment runoff. The method used in this study was able to identify the sources of faecal pollution to the catchment due to rainfall.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Sullivan
- Faculty of Science, Health and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC 4558, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Eastman ST, Head S, Klein L, Clift C, Greer A, Sklar R, Smith RR, Himelstein H, Greenberg BS, Baggaley J, Ferguson M, Brooks P, Williams F, LaRose R, Frost F, Gianakos LJ. Broadcast Programming. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10948008109488642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
20
|
O’Donnell F, Ramachandran V, Smyth T, Smyth W, Brooks P. An investigation of bioactive phytochemicals in the leaves of Melicope vitiflora by electrospray ionisation ion trap mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 634:115-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2008] [Revised: 11/21/2008] [Accepted: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
21
|
Bisset L, Smidt N, Van der Windt DA, Bouter LM, Jull G, Brooks P, Vicenzino B. Conservative treatments for tennis elbow do subgroups of patients respond differently? Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 46:1601-5. [PMID: 17890274 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine if subgroups of patients with tennis elbow respond differently in treatment. METHODS This study used individual patient data (n = 383) from two randomized controlled trials that investigated a wait-and-see policy, corticosteroid injections and physiotherapy. Common outcome measures were: pain severity, global improvement, severity assessed by a blinded assessor, elbow disability and pain free grip strength. Subgroup analyses for previous history of elbow pain, baseline pain severity, duration of the current episode and employment status were performed at 6 and 52 weeks. RESULTS Patients' age, previous elbow symptoms and baseline pain severity were similar between trials, but other characteristics differed between trial populations. Based on individual patient data from both trials, we found that corticosteroid injections were statistically and clinically superior at 6 weeks, but significantly worse at 52 weeks compared with both wait-and-see and physiotherapy. Subgroup effects were scarce and small. Patients with higher baseline pain score showed less benefit on pain outcomes between physiotherapy and a wait-and-see policy at 6 weeks. It also appeared that non-manual workers who had an injection were the only work subgroup to follow the general trend that injections were significantly worse than a wait-and-see policy on global improvement at 52 weeks. CONCLUSION The treatment outcomes were largely similar between trials and not different between most subgroups studied. In tennis elbow, it would appear that patient characteristics play only a small role in predicting treatment outcomes, which supports the generalizability of individual trial results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Bisset
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sanders RD, Ma D, Brooks P, Maze M. Balancing paediatric anaesthesia: preclinical insights into analgesia, hypnosis, neuroprotection, and neurotoxicity. Br J Anaesth 2008; 101:597-609. [PMID: 18796440 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aen263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Logistical and ethical reasons make conducting clinical research in paediatric practice difficult, and therefore safe and efficacious advances are dependent on good preclinical research. For example, notable advances have been made in preclinical studies of pain processing that correlate well with patient data. Other areas of paediatric anaesthetic research remain in their infancy including mechanisms of anaesthesia and anaesthetic neuroprotection and neurotoxicity. Animal data have identified the potential 'double-edged' sword of administering anaesthetic agents in the young; although these agents can be neuroprotective in certain circumstances, they can be neurotoxic in others. The potential for this toxicity must be balanced against the importance of providing adequate anaesthesia for which there can be no compromise. We review the current state of preclinical research in paediatric anaesthesia and identify areas which require further exploration in order to provide the foundations for well-conducted clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R D Sanders
- Department of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yu JZ, Christos P, Darvishian F, Yee H, Buckley MT, Liebes LF, Pavlick AC, Polsky D, Brooks P, Osman I. A complex role of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) in melanoma. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.9064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
24
|
Littlefield-Wyer JG, Brooks P, Katouli M. Application of biochemical fingerprinting and fatty acid methyl ester profiling to assess the effect of the pesticide Atradex on aquatic microbial communities. Environ Pollut 2008; 153:393-400. [PMID: 17905493 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2007] [Revised: 08/09/2007] [Accepted: 08/10/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigated changes in biomass, biochemical fingerprints, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile and functional status of the natural aquatic microbial communities upon impact of an Atradex pulse. The Atradex was applied to microcosm tanks at concentrations ranging from 24.5microgL(-1) to 245mgL(-1). The biomass of all microbial communities declined to a minimum level on day 4 with the effect being more pronounced in treated groups. Similarity between microbial communities also decreased on day 4 with the greatest change occurring at a concentration of 245mgL(-1) Atradex. After 8 days exposure to Atradex, microbial communities in all treated groups (except tanks spiked with 245mgL(-1) Atradex) recovered and showed similar metabolic fingerprints and FAME profiles to those of controls. Our results indicate that exposure to an Atradex pulse at concentration above 245mgL(-1), may irreversibly change the structure and functional status of aquatic microbial communities.
Collapse
|
25
|
Ahmed W, Stewart J, Gardner T, Powell D, Brooks P, Sullivan D, Tindale N. Sourcing faecal pollution: a combination of library-dependent and library-independent methods to identify human faecal pollution in non-sewered catchments. Water Res 2007; 41:3771-9. [PMID: 17482658 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2007.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2007] [Revised: 02/15/2007] [Accepted: 02/23/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Library-dependent (LD) (biochemical fingerprinting of Escherichia coli and enterococci) and library-independent (LI) (PCR detection of human-specific biomarkers) methods were used to detect human faecal pollution in three non-sewered catchments. In all, 550 E. coli isolates and 700 enterococci isolates were biochemically fingerprinted from 18 water samples and compared with metabolic fingerprint libraries of 4508 E. coli and 4833 enterococci isolates. E. coli fingerprints identified human unique biochemical phenotypes (BPTs) in nine out of 18 water samples; similarly, enterococci fingerprints identified human faecal pollution in 10 water samples. Seven samples were tested by PCR for the detection of biomarkers. Human-specific HF134 Bacteroides and enterococci surface protein (esp) biomarkers were detected in five samples. Four samples were also positive for HF183 Bacteroides biomarker. The combination of biomarkers detected human faecal pollution in six out of seven water samples. Of the seven samples analysed for both the indicators/markers, at least one indicator/marker was detected in every sample. Four of the seven PCR-positive samples were also positive for one of the human-specific E. coli or enterococci BPTs. The results indicated human faecal pollution in the studied sub-catchments after storm events. LD and LI methods used in this study complimented each other and provided additional information regarding the polluting sources when one method failed to detect human faecal pollution. Therefore, it is recommended that a combination of methods should be used to identify the source(s) of faecal pollution where possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Ahmed
- Faculty of Science, Health and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC 4558, Queensland, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pavlick AC, Liebes L, Brooks P, Yoon J, Hamilton A, Yee H, Polsky D, Buckley M, Wright J, Osman I. BAY 43–9006 (sorafenib-BAY) alters proliferation pathways and mutant specific-PCR (MS-PCR) improves detection of BRAF mutations in metastatic melanoma (MM). J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.8542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
8542 Background: Approximately 60% of melanomas carry BRAF mutations (mut). BAY is a multi-kinase inhibitor that inhibits the BRAF pathway. A phase II trial of BAY in MM is being conducted to: 1) determine if treatment (tx) with BAY can alter proliferation as measured by cyclin D1, Ki-67 and ERK, 2) assess for differential anti-tumor responses and 3) to assess a newly developed fluorescent-based PCR assay to detect mutant BRAF. Methods: Eligibility criteria: Biopsy (bx)-accessible, untreated MM. Measurable disease (RECIST). Stratification of tumor BRAF status determined by routine PCR sequencing for codon 600 mut prior to tx and fluorescent MS-PCR sequencing for confirmation. MS-PCR specifically amplified the M-BRAF allele without amplifying the wild-type (WT)allele. Tx: BAY 400 mg po BID D1–28 q4w. Repeat bx on Day 28. Bx assessed for Ki-67, cyclin-D1 and ERK. Serum collagen cryptic epitopes were measured serially. Re-imaging was done every 2 cycles and pts treated until POD. Results: 29 pts (9-M1a, 8-M1b, 12-M1c) enrolled. 26 wild type (WT) and 3 mutant (M) BRAF by routine PCR. Due to the low yield of mut on routine PCR, MS-PCR was done. 6 mutants were detected in the first 16 pts with MS-PCR compared to 2 with routine sequencing. Median age: 68 (range 22–91). 8 pts with LDH ≥ 1.5 × nl. Tox: Gr I-diarrhea(7), alopecia(4), rash(6), mucositis(4), nausea(4), pain(4), hand-foot(2); Gr II- HTN(4), fatigue(2),mucositis(1), rash(3), pain(3), hand-foot(2); Gr III-hand-foot(1), rash(1), fatigue(1) and intestinal perforation(1). Responses: 12 NE (2 WD, 8 early POD, 1 tox, 1 too early); M BRAF- 1 PR (lymph nodes and large SQ arm masses) and 2 PD; WT BRAF- 1 PR, 7 POD after 2 cycles, 6 SD. Matched paired biopsies demonstrated down regulation of tumor ki-67, erk and cyclin-D1. Collagen cryptic epitopes correlated with tumor responses. Conclusions: MM patients with tumors that were molecularly characterized for BRAF mutational status were entered on this single agent BAY trial and responses were seen in both M and WT arms. Down-regulation of Ki-67, cyclin D1 and ERK was demonstrated and MS-PCR improved the sensitivity to detect BRAF mut. Supported by NCI N01-CM17103 and TRI. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. C. Pavlick
- NYU Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Sydney Cancer Center, Sydney, Australia; CTEP National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - L. Liebes
- NYU Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Sydney Cancer Center, Sydney, Australia; CTEP National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - P. Brooks
- NYU Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Sydney Cancer Center, Sydney, Australia; CTEP National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - J. Yoon
- NYU Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Sydney Cancer Center, Sydney, Australia; CTEP National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - A. Hamilton
- NYU Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Sydney Cancer Center, Sydney, Australia; CTEP National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - H. Yee
- NYU Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Sydney Cancer Center, Sydney, Australia; CTEP National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - D. Polsky
- NYU Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Sydney Cancer Center, Sydney, Australia; CTEP National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - M. Buckley
- NYU Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Sydney Cancer Center, Sydney, Australia; CTEP National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - J. Wright
- NYU Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Sydney Cancer Center, Sydney, Australia; CTEP National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - I. Osman
- NYU Cancer Inst, New York, NY; Sydney Cancer Center, Sydney, Australia; CTEP National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zakrzewski J, Ng B, Warycha M, Christos P, Shapiro R, Berman R, Pavlick A, Liebes L, Brooks P, Osman I. Shedding of distinct cryptic epitope (HU177) in sera of melanoma patients. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.8550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
8550 Background: Our preclinical data suggest that a newly identified cryptic epitope HU177 within collagen regulates endothelial and tumor cell adhesion in-vitro and angiogenesis and tumor growth in-vivo. We investigated whether 1) HU177 shedding can be measured in melanoma patients’ sera, and 2) if HU177 concentration correlates with clinicopathological features, recurrence and survival. Methods: Sera from 291 melanoma patients (primary Stage I, n=140; II n=41; III n=29; recurrent/metastatic n=81) and 30 normal volunteers prospectively enrolled at the NYU School of Medicine were analyzed for HU177 epitope concentration (ng/ml) by ELISA. Microtiter plates were incubated overnight with monoclonal antibody (anti-HU177 epitope). Patients’ sera and standards (denatured type-IV collagen) were added in duplicate followed by dilutions of biotinylated anti-collagen type IV polyclonal and HRP-labeled anti-biotin antibodies with multiple washes after each incubation. Absorbance was monitored at 400 nm. Results: The mean concentration of anti-HU177 epitope was 5.8 ng/ml (range 0.1 to 139.8). Normal volunteers were 1.6±0.3 (mean ± SEM). A significant correlation was observed between HU177 concentration and tumor thickness in patients who presented with primary melanoma (=1.00 mm, n=113, 3.8±0.4; 1.01–3.99 mm, n=72, 8.9 ±2.1; =4.00 mm, n=22, 10.3±2.2; P=0.003 by ANOVA test) and nodular melanoma histological subtype (nodular, n=47, 10.5±3.1; superficial spreading, n=95, 4.4±0.5; others, n=68, 6.0±2.1; P=0.02, ANOVA). Multivariate analysis confirmed the independent correlation between higher HU177 concentration and nodular subtype after controlling for tumor thickness (P=0.04). Primary patients with ulcerated melanomas and those who developed recurrences both showed higher HU177 epitope levels, however, the difference was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusions: This is the first study on HU177 epitope shedding in melanoma patients. Data demonstrate the clinical feasibility of HU177 testing in melanoma patients’ sera and suggest that HU177 epitope shedding correlates with thicker primary melanomas. Longer follow-up is required to better define the prognostic value of HU177 epitope shedding in melanoma patients. [Table: see text]
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Zakrzewski
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - B. Ng
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - M. Warycha
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - P. Christos
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - R. Shapiro
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - R. Berman
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - A. Pavlick
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - L. Liebes
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - P. Brooks
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - I. Osman
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yu JZ, Yee H, Warycha M, Christos P, Shapiro R, Berman R, Pavlick A, Liebes L, Brooks P, Osman I. Differential expression of insulin like growth factor binding protein-4 (IGFBP4) in melanoma progression. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.8557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
8557 Background: Members of the IGFBP family are thought to regulate tumor progression through both IGF-dependent and independent mechanisms. Moreover, IGFBPs may exhibit distinct functions depending on whether they are present locally in tissue or systemically. Our preclinical data suggest that IGFBP4 serves as an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis and melanoma tumor growth. To examine the clinical validity of our observations, we compared IGFBP4 expression in tissue and sera in primary melanoma patients with a low risk of metastases versus patients with established metastatic disease. Methods: Eighty-nine melanoma patients (primary stage IA, n=57; metastatic, n=32; 44 M, 45 F; Median Age=56) prospectively enrolled in the Interdisciplinary Melanoma Cooperative Group at the NYU School of Medicine were studied. IGFBP4 protein expression in tumors was assessed in 83 patients using goat anti-human IGFBP4 antibody (R&D Systems) in an immunohistochemical assay. For each case, the percentage of tumor cells that stained positively was estimated. IGFBP4 concentration in the serum was measured in 64 patients by an ELISA assay (Diagnostic Systems Laboratories, Inc.). Fifty-eight patients had both sera and tumor specimens available for correlation. Results: The median IGFBP4 expression in tumor specimens from primary patients was 70% compared to 5% in metastatic patients (P=0.002, Wilcoxon rank-sum test). The median concentration of IGFBP4 in sera was 43.8 ng/ul in primary patients versus 41.0 ng/ul in metastatic patients (P=0.83). A weak association between IGFBP4 expression in tissue and IGFBP4 shedding in sera was observed (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.16, P=0.24) in the 58 cases with both sera and tissue available. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that IGFBP4 expression in melanoma clinical specimens decreases in the progression from primary to metastatic melanoma, consistent with its potential role as an inhibitor of angiogenesis. Data also suggest that IGFBP4 tissue expression may be more clinically relevant than its sera shedding. Future studies using a larger sample size and extended follow up are needed to further define the role of IGFBP4 in melanoma progression. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Z. Yu
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - H. Yee
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - M. Warycha
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - P. Christos
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - R. Shapiro
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - R. Berman
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - A. Pavlick
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - L. Liebes
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - P. Brooks
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - I. Osman
- NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Galasko D, Salmon D, Gamst A, Olichney J, Thal LJ, Silbert L, Kaye J, Brooks P, Adonay R, Craig UK, Schellenberg G, Borenstein AR. Prevalence of dementia in Chamorros on Guam: Relationship to age, gender, education, and APOE. Neurology 2007; 68:1772-81. [PMID: 17515539 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000262028.16738.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence of dementia and its clinical subtypes among Chamorros on Guam aged 65 years or older and to examine associations with age, gender, education, and APOE genotype. BACKGROUND Chamorros, the indigenous people of Guam, had a high incidence of ALS and parkinsonism-dementia complex (PDC), in the 1950s. Over the next 50 years, ALS incidence declined markedly, but PDC only slightly. The prevalence of late life dementia in Chamorros and its relationship to ALS/PDC are unknown. METHODS Island-wide population-based survey of Chamorros aged 65 years or older as of January 1, 2003. Two-stage assessment: cognitive and motor screening, followed by neurologic and psychometric evaluation. Data were reviewed at consensus conference to make clinical diagnoses. RESULTS Of 2,789 Chamorros aged 65 years or older, 73% were enrolled; 27% declined participation, died before contact or screening, or moved off Guam. The point prevalence of all-cause dementia on February 1, 2004, was 12.2%. Prevalence data for subtypes were as follows: Guam dementia (clinically equivalent to AD), 8.8%; PDC, 1.5%; pure vascular dementia, 1.3%; other, 0.6%. The prevalence of dementia rose exponentially with age. Low education was significantly associated with dementia, but gender was not. There was a trend toward higher PDC prevalence among men. The APOE epsilon4 allele was not associated with dementia. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of dementia among elderly Chamorros is relatively high. Guam dementia is the most common diagnosis and exceeds parkinsonism-dementia complex. Age and low education are strongly associated with dementia, but gender and APOE epsilon4 are not. Incidence studies will allow risk factors for dementia to be clarified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Brooks P. The modified VAC glove for hand burns. Burns 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2006.10.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
31
|
Pavlick A, Liebes L, Osman I, Brooks P, Yee H, Polsky D, Hamilton A, Wright J, Muggia F. 589 POSTER Alteration of the RAS/BRAF/MEK/MAPK pathway by BAY 43-9006 (sorafenib) in metastatic melanoma. EJC Suppl 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(06)70594-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
32
|
Strand V, Conaghan PG, Lohmander LS, Koutsoukos AD, Hurley FL, Bird H, Brooks P, Day R, Puhl W, Band PA. An integrated analysis of five double-blind, randomized controlled trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of a hyaluronan product for intra-articular injection in osteoarthritis of the knee. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2006; 14:859-66. [PMID: 16626978 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2006.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2005] [Accepted: 02/24/2006] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Five double-blind, randomized, saline-controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the United States marketing application for an intra-articular hyaluronan (IA-HA) product for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. We report an integrated analysis of the primary Case Report Form (CRF) data from these trials. METHOD Trials were similar in design, patient population and outcome measures - all included the Lequèsne Algofunctional Index (LI), a validated composite index of pain and function, evaluating treatment over 3 months. Individual patient data were pooled; a repeated measures analysis of covariance was performed in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population. Analyses utilized both fixed and random effects models. Safety data from the five RCTs were summarized. RESULTS A total of 1155 patients with radiologically confirmed knee OA were enrolled: 619 received three or five IA-HA injections; 536 received "placebo" saline injections. In the active and control groups, mean ages were 61.8 and 61.4 years; 62.4% and 58.8% were women; baseline total Lequèsne scores 11.03 and 11.30, respectively. Integrated analysis of the pooled data set found a statistically significant reduction (P < 0.001) in total Lequèsne score with hyaluronan (HA) (-2.68) vs placebo (-2.00); estimated difference -0.68 (95% CI: -0.56 to -0.79), effect size 0.20. Additional modeling approaches confirmed robustness of the analyses. CONCLUSIONS This integrated analysis demonstrates that multiple design factors influence the results of RCTs assessing efficacy of intra-articular (IA) therapies, and that integrated analyses based on primary data differ from meta-analyses using transformed data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Strand
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Smyth W, McClean S, Hack C, Ramachandran V, Doherty B, Joyce C, O’Donnell F, Smyth T, O’Kane E, Brooks P. The characterisation of synthetic and natural-product pharmaceuticals by electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and liquid chromatography (LC)-ESI-MS. Trends Analyt Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2006.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
34
|
Abstract
We describe a lethal poisoning in a healthy woman caused by deliberate ingestion of aluminium phosphide (AlP), a pesticide used to kill rodents and insects. Toxicity of AlP and review of cases reported to the National Poisons Information Service (London) 1997-2003 are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R G Bogle
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Middlesex UB1 3HW, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Philippi A, Roschmann E, Tores F, Lindenbaum P, Benajou A, Germain-Leclerc L, Marcaillou C, Fontaine K, Vanpeene M, Roy S, Maillard S, Decaulne V, Saraiva JP, Brooks P, Rousseau F, Hager J. Haplotypes in the gene encoding protein kinase c-beta (PRKCB1) on chromosome 16 are associated with autism. Mol Psychiatry 2005; 10:950-60. [PMID: 16027742 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication associated with repetitive patterns of interest or behavior. Autism is highly influenced by genetic factors. Genome-wide linkage and candidate gene association approaches have been used to try and identify autism genes. A few loci have repeatedly been reported linked to autism. Several groups reported evidence for linkage to a region on chromosome 16p. We have applied a direct physical identity-by-descent (IBD) mapping approach to perform a high-density (0.85 megabases) genome-wide linkage scan in 116 families from the AGRE collection. Our results confirm linkage to a region on chromosome 16p with autism. High-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping and analysis of this region show that haplotypes in the protein kinase c-beta gene are strongly associated with autism. An independent replication of the association in a second set of 167 trio families with autism confirmed our initial findings. Overall, our data provide evidence that the PRKCB1 gene on chromosome 16p may be involved in the etiology of autism.
Collapse
|
36
|
Boers M, Brooks P, Simon LS, Strand V, Tugwell P. OMERACT: an international initiative to improve outcome measurement in rheumatology. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2005; 23:S10-3. [PMID: 16273779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
OMERACT is the acronym for an international, informally organized network aimed at improving outcome measurement in rheumatology. Chaired by an executive committee it organizes consensus conferences in a 2-yearly cycle that circles the globe since 2002. Data driven recommendations are prepared and updated by expert working groups. Recommendations include core sets of measures for most of the major rheumatologic conditions. Since 2002 patients have been actively engaged in the process. OMERACT 8 will take place in Malta, May 2006 (www.omeract.org).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Boers
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, PK 6Z 181, VU University Medical Center, Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Pavlick AC, Liebes L, Muggia F, Hardin E, Morillo A, Mendoza S, Fry D, Brooks P. Modulation of chemotherapy with para-amino benzoic acid (PABA): Translation from preclinical models to a completed phase I trial. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.7557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - D. Fry
- NYU Cancer Institute, New York, NY
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
|
39
|
Bertkau A, MacDonald S, Roth J, Caunt M, Brooks P, Formenti S. Combined effect of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and ionizing radiation in a syngeneic murine model of breast carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.3189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Bertkau
- New York University School of Medicine, NY, NY
| | | | - J. Roth
- New York University School of Medicine, NY, NY
| | - M. Caunt
- New York University School of Medicine, NY, NY
| | - P. Brooks
- New York University School of Medicine, NY, NY
| | - S. Formenti
- New York University School of Medicine, NY, NY
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with osteoarthritis commonly use complementary and alternative medicines (CAM), either as an adjunct to or in place of conventional analgesics. OBJECTIVES To undertake a prospective investigation of the prevalence of CAM use for osteoarthritis and the direct costs incurred. METHODS The subjects were 341 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip drawn from central and northern Sydney, Australia, and comprising 83 community based patients and 258 awaiting joint replacement. Information on CAM use was obtained from prospective three monthly diaries. Variables of interest included health related quality of life scores. Prospective out of pocket costs were recorded over a 12 month follow up period. RESULTS The prevalence of CAM use was 40%, which falls within the range of previous studies. Average annual expenditure on CAM was 32.25 Australian dollars (range 0 to 603.30). CAM users were more likely to be female (odds ratio (OR) 1.8 (95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 3.0)), reported a higher level of bodily pain (OR 0.97 (0.95 to 0.99)), and were less likely to purchase conventional analgesics (OR 3.3 (1.6 to 7.0)), either prescribed or over the counter. Vitamin supplementation was the most common CAM reported, followed by celery extract, fish oils, and garlic extracts. CONCLUSIONS There are no good quality clinical trials to support the use of most preparations purchased by patients with osteoarthritis. There is a need for patient education on the risks and benefits of complementary medicine in osteoarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Zochling
- Institute of Bone and Joint Research, University of Sydney, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Brooks P. Rational care before rationed care. Intern Med J 2003; 33:210; author reply 210. [PMID: 12680992 DOI: 10.1046/j.1445-5994.2003.00382.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
42
|
|
43
|
Brooks P. Successful telehealth--a university perspective. J Telemed Telecare 2002; 7 Suppl 2:2. [PMID: 11747642 DOI: 10.1258/1357633011937137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Brooks
- University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Carvalhaes GK, Brooks P, Marques CG, Azevedo JAT, Machado MCS, Azevedo GC. Chlorinated components in lime used in production contaminated citrus pulp pellets from Brazil. Chemosphere 2002; 46:1409-1411. [PMID: 12002468 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(01)00262-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In order to further understand the contamination of the citrus pulp pellets (CPP) that were exported to Europe in 1997 we examined both contaminated lime and CPP samples for the distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated benzenes (tri-hexa). Standard isotope dilution techniques were applied for all samples, which were analysed by selected ion monitoring high resolution GC-MS. Lime that is used in the production of CPP product is highly contaminated with PCBs and chlorobenzenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G K Carvalhaes
- Analytical Solutions S/A, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Carvalhaes GK, Brooks P, Marques CG, Azevedo JAT, Machado MCS, Azevedo GC. Lime as the source of PCDD/F contamination in citrus pulp pellets from Brazil and status of the monitoring program. Chemosphere 2002; 46:1413-1416. [PMID: 12002469 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(01)00263-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
After an exhaustive investigation, in 1997 the source of the milk contamination in Germany was traced to citrus pulp pellets originating from Brazil. It has been shown that lime was the source of the PCDD/F contamination of these products. After this conclusion, a continuous monitoring program has been performed over a two year period and the results are presented in this paper. Standard isotope dilution techniques were used for all samples, which were analyzed by selected ion monitoring high resolution GC-MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G K Carvalhaes
- Analytical Solutions S/A, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Animal models of autoimmune disease and case reports of patients with these diseases who have been involved in bone marrow transplants have provided important data implicating the haemopoietic stem cell in rheumatic disease pathogenesis. Animal and human examples exist for both cure and transfer of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other organ-specific diseases using allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplantation. This would suggest that the stem cell in these diseases is abnormal and could be cured by replacement of a normal stem cell although more in vitro data are required in this area. Given the morbidity and increased mortality in some patients with severe autoimmune diseases and the increasing safety of autologous haemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), pilot studies have been conducted using HSCT in rheumatic diseases. It is still unclear whether an autologous graft will cure these diseases but significant remissions have been obtained which have provided important data for the design of randomized trials of HSCT versus more conventional therapy. Several trials are now open to accrual under the auspices of the European Bone Marrow Transplant Group/European League Against Rheumatism (EBMT/EULAR) registry. Future clinical and laboratory research will need to document the abnormalities of the stem cell of a rheumatic patient because new therapies based on gene therapy or stem cell differentiation could be apllied to these diseases. With increasing safety of allogeneic HSCT it is not unreasonable to predict cure of some rheumatic diseases in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Moore
- Haematology Department, St Vincents Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Moore J, Milliken S, Biggs J, Brooks P. Peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for rheumatoid arthritis--Australian experience. J Rheumatol Suppl 2001; 64:8-12. [PMID: 11642509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Trials of high dose immunosuppression and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) in patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have now commenced based on encouraging data from case reports of patients with coexistent malignancy and animal transplant models. Early case reports in Australia documented the potential for cure of RA in most patients receiving allogeneic or syngeneic transplants. However, the relatively high morbidity and mortality of these procedures has necessitated the use of autologous PBSCT. in accordance with international guidelines released by the EBMT/EULAR working party. Phase I trials in autologous PBSCT have seen substantial remissions of RA in the majority of patients who had previously failed all available therapies. Recurrence of disease occurs in most patients usually within 2 years; however, the use of disease modifying agents after recurrence results in substantial amelioration of the disease, again suggesting a form of "immunomodulation." This observation raises the possibility of maintenance therapy associated with procedure to prolong responses. Other modifications of the procedure are discussed, including T cell depletion of the graft, currently the subject of a randomized trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Moore
- Department of Haematology, St. Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Donnelly G, Brooks P. Developmental supervision for nurses. Can J Nurs Leadersh 2001; 14:8-14. [PMID: 15487378 DOI: 10.12927/cjnl.2001.19125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Developmental supervision is gaining increasing recognition in nursing as a form of clinical supervision that will promote professional growth and ultimately lead to improved patient care. Benner's (1984) model of career development is used as a framework in which to examine appropriate forms of supervision for each developmental stage. Directive, collaborative and non-directive supervision are applied to each of these developmental levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Donnelly
- Faculty of Education, University of Regina, SK
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Brooks P, Hochberg M. Outcome measures and classification criteria for the rheumatic diseases. A compilation of data from OMERACT (Outcome Measures for Arthritis Clinical Trials), ILAR (International League of Associations for Rheumatology), regional leagues and other groups. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2001; 40:896-906. [PMID: 11511759 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/40.8.896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P Brooks
- The University of Queensland, Edith Cavell Building, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Parnis C, Brooks P. Semi-volatile organic compounds in the Campaspe River system (Victoria, Australia). Water Res 2001; 35:1861-1868. [PMID: 11337830 DOI: 10.1016/s0043-1354(00)00454-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The levels of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in the Campaspe River system, North Central Victoria, Australia, were monitored from January to September 1995, and the environmental trends and sources of these compounds were determined. The land use within particular catchments dictated the complexity of the SVOCs in run-off water. Run-off from native forest contained the greatest number of SVOCs. Soil and ground litter were shown to contain the greatest complexity of SVOCs, mostly terpenes. However, only a small proportion were leached by run-off with the remainder being tightly bound to the soil or volatilizing to the atmosphere. Under the prevailing drought of early 1995, the rivers contained no detectable SVOCs until the first catchment run-off after significant rainfall in May. The maximum complexity and concentration of the SVOCs coincided with extensive run-off after heavy rainfall in June, effecting a surge of SVOCs with the flood peak. Fatty acids, their amides and hydrocarbons made up the majority of the compounds identified and were in the 1-39 micrograms/l concentration range. The levels then diminished as the catchment was flushed by continual run-off. These results support Lake's 1967 hypothesis that natural floodwaters contain a signature of SVOCs entering from the catchment. The downstream passage of these compounds was obstructed by a man-made storage, Lake Eppalock, with only low concentrations of SVOCs (1-3 micrograms/l) in the outflow, displaying no correlation to run-off.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Parnis
- School of Management, Technology & Environment, La Trobe University, PO Box 199, Bendigo, Victoria 3552, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|