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Williams AS, Crown SB, Lyons SP, Koves TR, Wilson RJ, Johnson JM, Slentz DH, Kelly DP, Grimsrud PA, Zhang GF, Muoio DM. Ketone flux through BDH1 supports metabolic remodeling of skeletal and cardiac muscles in response to intermittent time-restricted feeding. Cell Metab 2024; 36:422-437.e8. [PMID: 38325337 PMCID: PMC10961007 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Time-restricted feeding (TRF) has gained attention as a dietary regimen that promotes metabolic health. This study questioned if the health benefits of an intermittent TRF (iTRF) schedule require ketone flux specifically in skeletal and cardiac muscles. Notably, we found that the ketolytic enzyme beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1 (BDH1) is uniquely enriched in isolated mitochondria derived from heart and red/oxidative skeletal muscles, which also have high capacity for fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Using mice with BDH1 deficiency in striated muscles, we discover that this enzyme optimizes FAO efficiency and exercise tolerance during acute fasting. Additionally, iTRF leads to robust molecular remodeling of muscle tissues, and muscle BDH1 flux does indeed play an essential role in conferring the full adaptive benefits of this regimen, including increased lean mass, mitochondrial hormesis, and metabolic rerouting of pyruvate. In sum, ketone flux enhances mitochondrial bioenergetics and supports iTRF-induced remodeling of skeletal muscle and heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley S Williams
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Scott B Crown
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Scott P Lyons
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Timothy R Koves
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Jordan M Johnson
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Dorothy H Slentz
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Daniel P Kelly
- Cardiovascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul A Grimsrud
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Guo-Fang Zhang
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Deborah M Muoio
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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2
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Wilson RJ, Laha TJ, Baird GS, Hoofnagle AN, Liao HC. Pastry precautions: Poppy seed-containing products cause significant positive results in urine drug tests. J Anal Toxicol 2023; 47:644-645. [PMID: 37556114 DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkad054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Wilson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Box 357110, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195-7110, USA
| | - Thomas J Laha
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Box 357110, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195-7110, USA
| | - Geoffrey S Baird
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Box 357110, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195-7110, USA
| | - Andrew N Hoofnagle
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Box 357110, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195-7110, USA
| | - Hsuan-Chieh Liao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Box 357110, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195-7110, USA
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3
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Wilson RJ, Bell MR, Giordano KR, Seyburn S, Kozlowski DA. Repeat subconcussion in the adult rat gives rise to behavioral deficits similar to a single concussion but different depending upon sex. Behav Brain Res 2023; 438:114206. [PMID: 36356721 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although concussions are a popular focus of neurotrauma research, subconcussions occur with higher frequency but are less well-studied. A subconcussion is an impact to the head that does not result in immediately diagnosable concussion but can result in later neurological consequences. Repeat subconcussions can produce behavioral impairments and neuropathology that is similar to or worse than those seen following a single concussion. The current study modified a previously established closed head injury model of concussion to create a subconcussion model and examines sex differences in behavioral responses to repeated subconcussion in the adult rat. Rats received a single concussion, single or repeat subconcussions, or no impact and behavior was monitored from 2 h through 31 days post-injury. A single concussion or repeat subconcussion resulted in deficits in locomotion, righting reflexes, and recognition memory. The degree of deficit induced by repeat subconcussions were either similar (righting reflexes) or greater/more persistent (locomotor deficits and recognition memory) than that of a concussion. Single subconcussion resulted in acute deficits that were mild and limited to righting reflexes and locomotion. Sex differences were observed in responses to repeat subconcussion: females showed greater deficits in righting reflexes, locomotion, and vestibular function, while males showed greater alterations in anxiety and depressive-like behavior. This study established a model of subconcussive impact where a single subconcussive impact resulted in minimal behavioral deficits but repeat subconcussions resulted in deficits similar to or worse than a single concussion. Our data also suggest sex differences in behavioral responses to both concussive and subconcussive impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Wilson
- Department of Biological Sciences, DePaul University, 2325 N. Clifton, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Margaret R Bell
- Department of Biological Sciences, DePaul University, 2325 N. Clifton, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Health Sciences, DePaul University, 1110 W. Belden, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Katherine R Giordano
- Department of Biological Sciences, DePaul University, 2325 N. Clifton, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Serena Seyburn
- Department of Biological Sciences, DePaul University, 2325 N. Clifton, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Dorothy A Kozlowski
- Department of Biological Sciences, DePaul University, 2325 N. Clifton, Chicago, IL, USA; Neuroscience Program, DePaul University, 2325 N. Clifton, Chicago, IL, USA.
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4
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Lyons SP, Wilson RJ, Muoio DM, Grimsrud PA. Proteomics and phosphoproteomics datasets of a muscle-specific STIM1 loss-of-function mouse model. Data Brief 2022; 42:108051. [PMID: 35345842 PMCID: PMC8956960 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2022.108051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
STIM1 is an ER/SR transmembrane protein that interacts with ORAI1 to activate store operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) upon ER/SR depletion of calcium. Normally highly expressed in skeletal muscle, STIM1 deficiency causes significant changes to mitochondrial ultrastructure that do not occur with loss of ORAI1 or other components of SOCE. The datasets in this article are from large-scale proteomics and phosphoproteomics experiments in an inducible mouse model of skeletal muscle-specific STIM1 knock out (KO). These data reveal statistically significant changes in the relative abundance of specific proteins and sites of protein phosphorylation in STIM1 KO gastrocnemius. Protein samples from five biological replicates of each condition (+/- STIM1) were enzymatically digested, the resulting peptides labeled with tandem mass tag (TMT) reagents, mixed, and fractionated. Phosphopeptides were enriched and a small amount of each input retained for protein abundance analysis. All phosphopeptide and input fractions were analyzed by nano LC-MS/MS on a Q Exactive Plus Orbitrap mass spectrometer, searched with Proteome Discoverer software, and processed with in-house R-scripts for data normalization and statistical analysis. Article published in Molecular Metabolism [1].
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P. Lyons
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Rebecca J. Wilson
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Deborah M. Muoio
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Paul A. Grimsrud
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
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5
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Wilson RJ, Siqueira AF, Brooks SJ, Price BW, Simon LM, Walt SJ, Fenberg PB. Applying computer vision to digitised natural history collections for climate change research: Temperature‐size responses in British butterflies. Methods Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J. Wilson
- School of Ocean and Earth Sciences University of Southampton Southampton UK
- Department of Life Sciences Natural History Museum London UK
| | | | | | | | - Lea M. Simon
- School of Ocean and Earth Sciences University of Southampton Southampton UK
| | - Stéfan J. Walt
- Berkeley Institute for Data Science University of California Berkeley CA USA
| | - Phillip B. Fenberg
- School of Ocean and Earth Sciences University of Southampton Southampton UK
- Department of Life Sciences Natural History Museum London UK
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6
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Wilson RJ, Lyons SP, Koves TR, Bryson VG, Zhang H, Li T, Crown SB, Ding JD, Grimsrud PA, Rosenberg PB, Muoio DM. Disruption of STIM1-mediated Ca 2+ sensing and energy metabolism in adult skeletal muscle compromises exercise tolerance, proteostasis, and lean mass. Mol Metab 2022; 57:101429. [PMID: 34979330 PMCID: PMC8814391 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is a single-pass transmembrane endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (E/SR) protein recognized for its role in a store operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), an ancient and ubiquitous signaling pathway. Whereas STIM1 is known to be indispensable during development, its biological and metabolic functions in mature muscles remain unclear. METHODS Conditional and tamoxifen inducible muscle STIM1 knock-out mouse models were coupled with multi-omics tools and comprehensive physiology to understand the role of STIM1 in regulating SOCE, mitochondrial quality and bioenergetics, and whole-body energy homeostasis. RESULTS This study shows that STIM1 is abundant in adult skeletal muscle, upregulated by exercise, and is present at SR-mitochondria interfaces. Inducible tissue-specific deletion of STIM1 (iSTIM1 KO) in adult muscle led to diminished lean mass, reduced exercise capacity, and perturbed fuel selection in the settings of energetic stress, without affecting whole-body glucose tolerance. Proteomics and phospho-proteomics analyses of iSTIM1 KO muscles revealed molecular signatures of low-grade E/SR stress and broad activation of processes and signaling networks involved in proteostasis. CONCLUSION These results show that STIM1 regulates cellular and mitochondrial Ca2+ dynamics, energy metabolism and proteostasis in adult skeletal muscles. Furthermore, these findings provide insight into the pathophysiology of muscle diseases linked to disturbances in STIM1-dependent Ca2+ handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Wilson
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Scott P Lyons
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Timothy R Koves
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Victoria G Bryson
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Hengtao Zhang
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - TianYu Li
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Scott B Crown
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Jin-Dong Ding
- Department of Medicine, Division of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Paul A Grimsrud
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Paul B Rosenberg
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Deborah M Muoio
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
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7
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Drake JC, Wilson RJ, Cui D, Guan Y, Kundu M, Zhang M, Yan Z. Ulk1, Not Ulk2, Is Required for Exercise Training-Induced Improvement of Insulin Response in Skeletal Muscle. Front Physiol 2021; 12:732308. [PMID: 34658916 PMCID: PMC8514673 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.732308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Unc51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (Ulk1), the primary autophagy regulator, has been linked to metabolic adaptation in skeletal muscle to exercise training. Here we compared the roles of Ulk1 and homologous Ulk2 in skeletal muscle insulin action following exercise training to gain more mechanistic insights. Inducible, skeletal muscle-specific Ulk1 knock-out (Ulk1-iMKO) mice and global Ulk2 knock-out (Ulk2–/–) mice were subjected to voluntary wheel running for 6 weeks followed by assessment of exercise capacity, glucose tolerance, and insulin signaling in skeletal muscle after a bolus injection of insulin. Both Ulk1-iMKO and Ulk2–/– mice had improved endurance exercise capacity post-exercise. Ulk1-iMKO did not improve glucose clearance during glucose tolerance test, while Ulk2–/– had only marginal improvement. However, exercise training-induced improvement of insulin action in skeletal muscle, indicated by Akt-S473 phosphorylation, was only impaired in Ulk1-iMKO. These data suggest that Ulk1, but not Ulk2, is required for exercise training-induced improvement of insulin action in skeletal muscle, implicating crosstalk between catabolic and anabolic signaling as integral to metabolic adaptation to energetic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua C Drake
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Di Cui
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Yuntian Guan
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Mondira Kundu
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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8
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Zhao H, Lewellen BM, Wilson RJ, Cui D, Drake JC, Zhang M, Yan Z. Author Correction: Long-term voluntary running prevents the onset of symptomatic Friedreich's ataxia in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16488. [PMID: 34373572 PMCID: PMC8352934 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96112-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Henan Zhao
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.,Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, China
| | - Bevan M Lewellen
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Di Cui
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Joshua C Drake
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA. .,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA. .,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
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9
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Tomkow LJ, Kang CP, Farrington RL, Wiggans RE, Wilson RJ, Pushkar P, Tickell-Painter MC, Lee AR, Whitehouse ER, Mahmood NG, Lawton KM, Lee EC. Healthcare access for asylum seekers and refugees in England: a mixed methods study exploring service users' and health care professionals' awareness. Eur J Public Health 2021; 30:556-561. [PMID: 31642914 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the aim of decreasing immigration, the British government extended charging for healthcare in England for certain migrants in 2017. There is concern these policies amplify the barriers to healthcare already faced by asylum seekers and refugees (ASRs). Awareness has been shown to be fundamental to access. This article jointly explores (i) health care professionals' (HCPs) awareness of migrants' eligibility for healthcare, and (ii) ASRs' awareness of health services. METHODS Mixed methods were used. Quantitative survey data explored HCPs' awareness of migrants' eligibility to healthcare after the extension of charging regulations. Qualitative data from semi-structured interviews with ASRs were analyzed thematically using Saurman's domains of awareness as a framework. RESULTS In total 514 HCPs responded to the survey. Significant gaps in HCPs' awareness of definitions, entitlements and charging regulations were identified. 80% of HCP respondents were not confident defining the immigration categories upon which eligibility for care rests. Only a small minority (6%) reported both awareness and understanding of the charging regulations. In parallel, the 18 ASRs interviewed had poor awareness of their eligibility for free National Health Service care and suitability for particular services. This was compounded by language difficulties, social isolation, frequent asylum dispersal accommodation moves, and poverty. CONCLUSION This study identifies significant confusion amongst both HCP and ASR concerning eligibility and healthcare access. The consequent negative impact on health is concerning given the contemporary political climate, where eligibility for healthcare depends on immigration status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise J Tomkow
- Humanitarianism and Conflict Response Institute, School of Arts Languages and Culture, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Cara Pippa Kang
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rebecca L Farrington
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ruth E Wiggans
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Piyush Pushkar
- School of Social Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Alice R Lee
- Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Emily R Whitehouse
- Preston Royal Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
| | - Nadia G Mahmood
- Royal Blackburn Teaching Hospital, East Lancashire Hospital Trust, Lancashire, UK
| | - Katie M Lawton
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Ellen C Lee
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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10
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Ndangalasi HJ, Martínez-Garza C, Harjo TCA, Pedigo CA, Wilson RJ, Cordeiro NJ. Seedling recruitment under isolated trees in a tea plantation provides a template for forest restoration in eastern Africa. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250859. [PMID: 33956837 PMCID: PMC8101954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural regeneration is less expensive than tree planting, but determining what species will arrive and establish to serve as templates for tropical forest restoration remains poorly investigated in eastern Africa. This study summarises seedling recruitment under 29 isolated legacy trees (14 trees comprised of three exotic species and 15 trees comprised of seven native species) in tea plantations in the East Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. Among the findings were that pioneer recruits were very abundant whereas non-pioneers were disproportionately fewer. Importantly, 98% of all recruits were animal-dispersed. The size of legacy trees, driven mostly by the exotic Grevillea robusta, and to some extent, the native Milicia excelsa, explained abundance of recruits. The distribution of bird-dispersed recruits suggested that some bird species use all types of legacy trees equally in this fragmented landscape. In contrast, the distribution of bat-dispersed recruits provided strong evidence that seedling composition differed under native versus exotic legacy trees likely due to fruit bats showing more preference for native legacy trees. Native, as compared to exotic legacy trees, had almost two times more non-pioneer recruits, with Ficus and Milicia excelsa driving this trend. Implications of our findings regarding restoration in the tropics are numerous for the movement of native animal-dispersed tree species in fragmented and disturbed tropical forests surrounded by farmland. Isolated native trees that bear fleshy fruits can attract more frugivores, resulting not only in high recruitment under them, but depending on the dispersal mode of the legacy trees, also different suites of recruited species. When selecting tree species for plantings, to maximize visitation by different dispersal agents and to enhance seedling recruit diversity, bat-dispersed Milicia excelsa and Ficus species are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Martínez-Garza
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Tesakiah C. A. Harjo
- Department of Biology, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Clayton A. Pedigo
- Department of Biology, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Rebecca J. Wilson
- Department of Biology, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Norbert J. Cordeiro
- Department of Biology, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Negaunee Integrative Research, Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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11
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Majeed-Ariss R, Wilson RJ, Karsna K, Martin GP, White C. Descriptive analysis of the context of child sexual abuse reportedly perpetrated by female suspects: Insights from Saint Mary's Sexual Assault Referral Centre. J Forensic Leg Med 2021; 78:102112. [PMID: 33450630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2020.102112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Determining the prevalence and characteristics of female-perpetrated child sexual abuse (CSA) is fraught with difficultly. There is a historical lack of empirical research and a discrepancy between the number of cases that reach the attention of the authorities and its suspected prevalence in society. It is also noted that for a myriad of reasons many CSA reports do not progress through the criminal justice process so many remain as allegations rather than proven or disproven crimes. OBJECTIVES The study set out to answer the research questions: 'What are the characteristics and context of CSA reportedly perpetrated by females, and what are the similarities and differences in the context of alleged CSA committed by male and female suspects?' PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING This study presents data from all service users aged 0-17 years (n = 986) that attended Saint Mary's Sexual Assault Referral Centre (SARC) for a forensic medical examination over a three-year period. METHODS Data collection was performed retrospectively from the paper case files recorded at the time of attendance. Due to the small number of female suspects, analysis was restricted to frequency calculations. RESULTS Results show females were reportedly involved in the alleged abuse of less than 4% of the children attending SARC. Females appeared more likely to be associated with the alleged abuse of younger children and abuse occurring within the child's home. CONCLUSIONS This study's most arresting feature is that despite the large number of CSA cases examined, it was rare to have a female suspect. This study demonstrates how much is still unknown about female-perpetrated CSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabiya Majeed-Ariss
- School of Healthcare, University of Leeds, UK; Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | | | - Glen P Martin
- Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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12
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Wilson RJ, Ahmed TH, Rahman MM, Cartwright BM, Jones TC. Identification and activity of monoamine oxidase in the orb-weaving spider Larinioides cornutus. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 299:113580. [PMID: 32827514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is a mitochondrial membrane-bound enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of monoamines in a wide array of organisms. While the enzyme monoamine oxidase has been studied extensively in its role in moderating behavior in mammals, there is a paucity of research investigating this role in invertebrates, where the latter utilizes this enzyme in a major pathway to degrade monoamines. There is especially a dismal lack of information on how MAO influences activity in invertebrates, particularly in account of the circadian cycle. Previous studies revealed MAO degrades serotonin and norepinephrine in arachnids, but did not investigate other critically important compounds like octopamine. Larinioides cornutus is a species of orb-weaving spider that exhibits diel fluctuations in behavior, specifically levels of aggression. The monoamines octopamine and serotonin have been shown to influence aggressive behaviors in L. cornutus, thus this species was used to investigate if MAO is a potential site of regulation throughout the day. Not only did gene expression of MAO orthologs and MAO activity fluctuate at different times of day, but the enzymatic activity was substrate-specific producing a higher level of degradation of octopamine as compared to serotonin in vitro. This study further supports evidence that MAO has an active role in monoamine inactivation in invertebrates and provides a first look at how MAO ultimately may be regulating behavior in an invertebrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Wilson
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37601, United States.
| | - Tahmina H Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Md Mahbubur Rahman
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Brian M Cartwright
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City, TN 37601, United States
| | - Thomas C Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37601, United States
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13
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Abe K, Akutsu R, Ali A, Alt C, Andreopoulos C, Anthony L, Antonova M, Aoki S, Ariga A, Asada Y, Ashida Y, Atkin ET, Awataguchi Y, Ban S, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Barrow D, Barry C, Batkiewicz-Kwasniak M, Beloshapkin A, Bench F, Berardi V, Berkman S, Berns L, Bhadra S, Bienstock S, Blondel A, Bolognesi S, Bourguille B, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Bravo Berguño D, Bronner C, Bubak A, Buizza Avanzini M, Calcutt J, Campbell T, Cao S, Cartwright SL, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Chappell A, Checchia C, Cherdack D, Chikuma N, Christodoulou G, Coleman J, Collazuol G, Cook L, Coplowe D, Cudd A, Dabrowska A, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Denner PF, Dennis SR, Densham C, Di Lodovico F, Dokania N, Dolan S, Doyle TA, Drapier O, Dumarchez J, Dunne P, Eklund L, Emery-Schrenk S, Ereditato A, Fernandez P, Feusels T, Finch AJ, Fiorentini GA, Fiorillo G, Francois C, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fujita R, Fukuda D, Fukuda R, Fukuda Y, Fusshoeller K, Gameil K, Giganti C, Golan T, Gonin M, Gorin A, Guigue M, Hadley DR, Haigh JT, Hamacher-Baumann P, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hayashino T, Hayato Y, Hiramoto A, Hogan M, Holeczek J, Hong Van NT, Iacob F, Ichikawa AK, Ikeda M, Ishida T, Ishii T, Ishitsuka M, Iwamoto K, Izmaylov A, Jakkapu M, Jamieson B, Jenkins SJ, Jesús-Valls C, Jiang M, Johnson S, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Karlen D, Kasetti SP, Kataoka Y, Katori T, Kato Y, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kikawa T, Kim H, Kim J, King S, Kisiel J, Knight A, Knox A, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Koga T, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Koshio Y, Kostin A, Kowalik K, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kukita N, Kuribayashi S, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Kuze M, Labarga L, Lagoda J, Lamoureux M, Laveder M, Lawe M, Licciardi M, Lindner T, Litchfield RP, Liu SL, Li X, Longhin A, Ludovici L, Lu X, Lux T, Machado LN, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Maret L, Marino AD, Marti-Magro L, Martin JF, Maruyama T, Matsubara T, Matsushita K, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Mefodiev A, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Miura M, Molina Bueno L, Moriyama S, Morrison J, Mueller TA, Munteanu L, Murphy S, Nagai Y, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakajima Y, Nakamura A, Nakamura KG, Nakamura K, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Nantais C, Ngoc TV, Niewczas K, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, Nonnenmacher TS, Nova F, Novella P, Nowak J, Nugent JC, O'Keeffe HM, O'Sullivan L, Odagawa T, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oser SM, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Palomino JL, Paolone V, Parker WC, Pasternak J, Paudyal P, Pavin M, Payne D, Penn GC, Pickering L, Pidcott C, Pintaudi G, Pinzon Guerra ES, Pistillo C, Popov B, Porwit K, Posiadala-Zezula M, Pritchard A, Quilain B, Radermacher T, Radicioni E, Radics B, Ratoff PN, Reinherz-Aronis E, Riccio C, Rondio E, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruggeri AC, Ruggles CA, Rychter A, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Schloesser CM, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shah R, Shaikhiev A, Shaker F, Shaykina A, Shiozawa M, Shorrock W, Shvartsman A, Smirnov A, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Soler FJP, Sonoda Y, Steinmann J, Suvorov S, Suzuki A, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Sztuc AA, Tada M, Tajima M, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Tanaka S, Thompson LF, Toki W, Touramanis C, Towstego T, Tsui KM, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Uno W, Vagins M, Valder S, Vallari Z, Vargas D, Vasseur G, Vilela C, Vinning WGS, Vladisavljevic T, Volkov VV, Wachala T, Walker J, Walsh JG, Wang Y, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wood K, Wret C, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yanagisawa C, Yang G, Yano T, Yasutome K, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yoshida T, Yu M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zaremba K, Zarnecki G, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Zsoldos S, Zykova A. Search for Electron Antineutrino Appearance in a Long-Baseline Muon Antineutrino Beam. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:161802. [PMID: 32383902 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.161802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electron antineutrino appearance is measured by the T2K experiment in an accelerator-produced antineutrino beam, using additional neutrino beam operation to constrain parameters of the Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS) mixing matrix. T2K observes 15 candidate electron antineutrino events with a background expectation of 9.3 events. Including information from the kinematic distribution of observed events, the hypothesis of no electron antineutrino appearance is disfavored with a significance of 2.40σ and no discrepancy between data and PMNS predictions is found. A complementary analysis that introduces an additional free parameter which allows non-PMNS values of electron neutrino and antineutrino appearance also finds no discrepancy between data and PMNS predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - R Akutsu
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - A Ali
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - C Alt
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Andreopoulos
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - L Anthony
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Antonova
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - S Aoki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Ariga
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Y Asada
- Yokohama National University, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y Ashida
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - E T Atkin
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Awataguchi
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Ban
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Barbi
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - G J Barker
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - G Barr
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - D Barrow
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C Barry
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - A Beloshapkin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F Bench
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - V Berardi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - S Berkman
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L Berns
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Bhadra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Bienstock
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - A Blondel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | | | - B Bourguille
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - S B Boyd
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Brailsford
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Bravar
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D Bravo Berguño
- University Autonoma Madrid, Department of Theoretical Physics, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Bronner
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Bubak
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - M Buizza Avanzini
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Calcutt
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - T Campbell
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - S Cao
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - S L Cartwright
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - M G Catanesi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - A Cervera
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - A Chappell
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - C Checchia
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - D Cherdack
- University of Houston, Department of Physics, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - N Chikuma
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - G Christodoulou
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, Switzerland
| | - J Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - G Collazuol
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - L Cook
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - D Coplowe
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Cudd
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - A Dabrowska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - G De Rosa
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - T Dealtry
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - P F Denner
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - S R Dennis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - C Densham
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- King's College London, Department of Physics, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - N Dokania
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Dolan
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, Switzerland
| | - T A Doyle
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - O Drapier
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Dumarchez
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - P Dunne
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - L Eklund
- University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - A Ereditato
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Fernandez
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - T Feusels
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A J Finch
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - G A Fiorentini
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - G Fiorillo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - C Francois
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Friend
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - R Fujita
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D Fukuda
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - R Fukuda
- Tokyo University of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Fukuda
- Miyagi University of Education, Department of Physics, Sendai, Japan
| | - K Fusshoeller
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Gameil
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C Giganti
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - T Golan
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M Gonin
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - A Gorin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Guigue
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - D R Hadley
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - J T Haigh
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | | | - M Hartz
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - N C Hastings
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Hayashino
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Hayato
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Hiramoto
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Hogan
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Holeczek
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - N T Hong Van
- Institute For Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Education (IFIRSE), ICISE, Quy Nhon, Vietnam
- International Centre of Physics, Institute of Physics (IOP), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 10 Dao Tan, Ba Dinh, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - F Iacob
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - A K Ichikawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ikeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Ishida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Ishii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Ishitsuka
- Tokyo University of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Iwamoto
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Izmaylov
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Jakkapu
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - B Jamieson
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - S J Jenkins
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - C Jesús-Valls
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - M Jiang
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Johnson
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - P Jonsson
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - C K Jung
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Kabirnezhad
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A C Kaboth
- Royal Holloway University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - T Kajita
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - H Kakuno
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Kameda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Karlen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S P Kasetti
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y Kataoka
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Katori
- King's College London, Department of Physics, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Y Kato
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - E Kearns
- Boston University, Department of Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Khabibullin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Khotjantsev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Kikawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Kim
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - J Kim
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S King
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Kisiel
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - A Knight
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Knox
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - T Kobayashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - L Koch
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T Koga
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Konaka
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L L Kormos
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Y Koshio
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - A Kostin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Kowalik
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - H Kubo
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Kudenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - N Kukita
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Kuribayashi
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - R Kurjata
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kutter
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - M Kuze
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L Labarga
- University Autonoma Madrid, Department of Theoretical Physics, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Lagoda
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Lamoureux
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - M Laveder
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - M Lawe
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Licciardi
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - T Lindner
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R P Litchfield
- University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - S L Liu
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - X Li
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Longhin
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - L Ludovici
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - X Lu
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T Lux
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - L N Machado
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - L Magaletti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - K Mahn
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - M Malek
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S Manly
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - L Maret
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A D Marino
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - L Marti-Magro
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J F Martin
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Maruyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Matsubara
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Matsushita
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - V Matveev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Mavrokoridis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - M McCarthy
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - N McCauley
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K S McFarland
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - C McGrew
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Mefodiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - C Metelko
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Mezzetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - A Minamino
- Yokohama National University, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama, Japan
| | - O Mineev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Mine
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - M Miura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - L Molina Bueno
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Moriyama
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Morrison
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Th A Mueller
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - L Munteanu
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Murphy
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Y Nagai
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - T Nakadaira
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Nakahata
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Nakajima
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Nakamura
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - K G Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Nakayama
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Nakaya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakayoshi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - C Nantais
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T V Ngoc
- Institute For Interdisciplinary Research in Science and Education (IFIRSE), ICISE, Quy Nhon, Vietnam
| | - K Niewczas
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - K Nishikawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- Keio University, Department of Physics, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T S Nonnenmacher
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - F Nova
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - P Novella
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J Nowak
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - J C Nugent
- University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - H M O'Keeffe
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - L O'Sullivan
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - T Odagawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Okumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Okusawa
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - S M Oser
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R A Owen
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Oyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Palladino
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - J L Palomino
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - V Paolone
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - W C Parker
- Royal Holloway University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - J Pasternak
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Paudyal
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Pavin
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D Payne
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - G C Penn
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - L Pickering
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - C Pidcott
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - G Pintaudi
- Yokohama National University, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama, Japan
| | - E S Pinzon Guerra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Pistillo
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Popov
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - K Porwit
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - A Pritchard
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - B Quilain
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Radermacher
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - E Radicioni
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - B Radics
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P N Ratoff
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - E Reinherz-Aronis
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Riccio
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - E Rondio
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Roth
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Rubbia
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A C Ruggeri
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - C A Ruggles
- University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A Rychter
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - F Sánchez
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C M Schloesser
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Scholberg
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - J Schwehr
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - M Scott
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Seiya
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sekiguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - H Sekiya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Sgalaberna
- CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research, CH-1211 Genève 23, Switzerland
| | - R Shah
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - A Shaikhiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F Shaker
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - A Shaykina
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Shiozawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - W Shorrock
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Shvartsman
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Smirnov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Smy
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - J T Sobczyk
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - H Sobel
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - F J P Soler
- University of Glasgow, School of Physics and Astronomy, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Y Sonoda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Steinmann
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - S Suvorov
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - S Y Suzuki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - A A Sztuc
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Tada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Tajima
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Takeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - H K Tanaka
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - H A Tanaka
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California, USA
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Tanaka
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - L F Thompson
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - W Toki
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Towstego
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K M Tsui
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Tsukamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Tzanov
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y Uchida
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - W Uno
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Vagins
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Valder
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Z Vallari
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D Vargas
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Vilela
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - W G S Vinning
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - T Vladisavljevic
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - V V Volkov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Wachala
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Walker
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - J G Walsh
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Y Wang
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D Wark
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - M O Wascko
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Weber
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - R Wendell
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M J Wilking
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Wilkinson
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - J R Wilson
- King's College London, Department of Physics, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - R J Wilson
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - K Wood
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Wret
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Y Yamada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - C Yanagisawa
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - G Yang
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Yano
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - K Yasutome
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Yen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Yershov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Yokoyama
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Yoshida
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Yu
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Zalewska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zalipska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Zaremba
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - G Zarnecki
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Ziembicki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics and Multimedia Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E D Zimmerman
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Zito
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - S Zsoldos
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Zykova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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14
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Cui D, Drake JC, Wilson RJ, Shute RJ, Lewellen B, Zhang M, Zhao H, Sabik OL, Onengut S, Berr SS, Rich SS, Farber CR, Yan Z. A novel voluntary weightlifting model in mice promotes muscle adaptation and insulin sensitivity with simultaneous enhancement of autophagy and mTOR pathway. FASEB J 2020; 34:7330-7344. [PMID: 32304342 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903055r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying adaptations to resistance exercise remains elusive despite the significant biological and clinical relevance. We developed a novel voluntary mouse weightlifting model, which elicits squat-like activities against adjustable load during feeding, to investigate the resistance exercise-induced contractile and metabolic adaptations. RNAseq analysis revealed that a single bout of weightlifting induced significant transcriptome responses of genes that function in posttranslational modification, metabolism, and muscle differentiation in recruited skeletal muscles, which were confirmed by increased expression of fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), Down syndrome critical region 1 (Dscr1) and Nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 3 (Nr4a3) genes. Long-term (8 weeks) voluntary weightlifting training resulted in significantly increases of muscle mass, protein synthesis (puromycin incorporation in SUnSET assay) and mTOR pathway protein expression (raptor, 4e-bp-1, and p70S6K proteins) along with enhanced muscle power (specific torque and contraction speed), but not endurance capacity, mitochondrial biogenesis, and fiber type transformation. Importantly, weightlifting training profound improved whole-body glucose clearance and skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity along with enhanced autophagy (increased LC3 and LC3-II/I ratio, and decreased p62/Sqstm1). These data suggest that resistance training in mice promotes muscle adaptation and insulin sensitivity with simultaneous enhancement of autophagy and mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Cui
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Key Laboratory of Adolescent and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Joshua C Drake
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Robert J Shute
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Bevan Lewellen
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Mei Zhang
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Henan Zhao
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Olivia L Sabik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Suna Onengut
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Stuart S Berr
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Charles R Farber
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Zhen Yan
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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15
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Zhao H, Lewellen BM, Wilson RJ, Cui D, Drake JC, Zhang M, Yan Z. Long-term voluntary running prevents the onset of symptomatic Friedreich's ataxia in mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6095. [PMID: 32269244 PMCID: PMC7142077 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62952-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The common clinical symptoms of Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) include ataxia, muscle weakness, type 2 diabetes and heart failure, which are caused by impaired mitochondrial function due to the loss of frataxin (FXN) expression. Endurance exercise is the most powerful intervention for promoting mitochondrial function; however, its impact on FRDA has not been studied. Here we found that mice with genetic knockout and knock-in of the Fxn gene (KIKO mice) developed exercise intolerance, glucose intolerance and moderate cardiac dysfunction at 6 months of age. These abnormalities were associated with impaired mitochondrial respiratory function concurrent with reduced iron regulatory protein 1 (Irp1) expression as well as increased oxidative stress, which were not due to loss of mitochondrial content and antioxidant enzyme expression. Importantly, long-term (4 months) voluntary running in KIKO mice starting at a young age (2 months) completely prevented the functional abnormalities along with restored Irp1 expression, improved mitochondrial function and reduced oxidative stress in skeletal muscle without restoring Fxn expression. We conclude that endurance exercise training prevents symptomatic onset of FRDA in mice associated with improved mitochondrial function and reduced oxidative stress. These preclinical findings may pave the way for clinical studies of the impact of endurance exercise in FRDA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henan Zhao
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Bevan M Lewellen
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
| | - Di Cui
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
| | - Joshua C Drake
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA.
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA.
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, USA.
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16
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Wilson RJ, Brooks SJ, Fenberg PB. The influence of ecological and life history factors on ectothermic temperature-size responses: Analysis of three Lycaenidae butterflies (Lepidoptera). Ecol Evol 2019; 9:10305-10316. [PMID: 31632644 PMCID: PMC6787867 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Body size has been shown to decrease with increasing temperature in many species, prompting the suggestion that it is a universal ecological response. However, species with complex life cycles, such as holometabolous insects, may have correspondingly complicated temperature-size responses. Recent research suggests that life history and ecological traits may be important for determining the direction and strength of temperature-size responses. Yet, these factors are rarely included in analyses. Here, we aim to determine whether the size of the bivoltine butterfly, Polyommatus bellargus, and the univoltine butterflies, Plebejus argus and Polyommatus coridon, change in response to temperature and whether these responses differ between the sexes, and for P. bellargus, between generations. Forewing length was measured using digital specimens from the Natural History Museum, London (NHM), from one locality in the UK per species. The data were initially compared to annual and seasonal temperature values, without consideration of life history factors. Sex and generation of the individuals and mean monthly temperatures, which cover the growing period for each species, were then included in analyses. When compared to annual or seasonal temperatures only, size was not related to temperature for P. bellargus and P. argus, but there was a negative relationship between size and temperature for P. coridon. When sex, generation, and monthly temperatures were included, male adult size decreased as temperature increased in the early larval stages, and increased as temperature increased during the late larval stages. Results were similar but less consistent for females, while second generation P. bellargus showed no temperature-size response. In P. coridon, size decreased as temperature increased during the pupal stage. These results highlight the importance of including life history factors, sex, and monthly temperature data when studying temperature-size responses for species with complex life cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J. Wilson
- Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre SouthamptonUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- Department of Life SciencesNatural History MuseumLondonUK
| | | | - Phillip B. Fenberg
- Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre SouthamptonUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK
- Department of Life SciencesNatural History MuseumLondonUK
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17
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Ebert RW, Greathouse TK, Clark G, Allegrini F, Bagenal F, Bolton SJ, Connerney JEP, Gladstone GR, Imai M, Hue V, Kurth WS, Levin S, Louarn P, Mauk BH, McComas DJ, Paranicas C, Szalay JR, Thomsen MF, Valek PW, Wilson RJ. Comparing Electron Energetics and UV Brightness in Jupiter's Northern Polar Region During Juno Perijove 5. Geophys Res Lett 2019; 46:19-27. [PMID: 30828110 DOI: 10.1029/2019gl084146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We compare electron and UV observations mapping to the same location in Jupiter's northern polar region, poleward of the main aurora, during Juno perijove 5. Simultaneous peaks in UV brightness and electron energy flux are identified when observations map to the same location at the same time. The downward energy flux during these simultaneous observations was not sufficient to generate the observed UV brightness; the upward energy flux was. We propose that the primary acceleration region is below Juno's altitude, from which the more intense upward electrons originate. For the complete interval, the UV brightness peaked at ~240 kilorayleigh (kR); the downward and upward energy fluxes peaked at 60 and 700 mW/m2, respectively. Increased downward energy fluxes are associated with increased contributions from tens of keV electrons. These observations provide evidence that bidirectional electron beams with broad energy distributions can produce tens to hundreds of kilorayleigh polar UV emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Ebert
- Southwest Research Institute San Antonio TX USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX USA
| | | | - G Clark
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab Laurel MD USA
| | - F Allegrini
- Southwest Research Institute San Antonio TX USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX USA
| | - F Bagenal
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA
| | - S J Bolton
- Southwest Research Institute San Antonio TX USA
| | | | - G R Gladstone
- Southwest Research Institute San Antonio TX USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX USA
| | - M Imai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Iowa Iowa City IA USA
| | - V Hue
- Southwest Research Institute San Antonio TX USA
| | - W S Kurth
- Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Iowa Iowa City IA USA
| | - S Levin
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory Pasadena CA USA
| | - P Louarn
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie Toulouse France
| | - B H Mauk
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab Laurel MD USA
| | - D J McComas
- Southwest Research Institute San Antonio TX USA
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University Princeton NJ USA
| | - C Paranicas
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab Laurel MD USA
| | - J R Szalay
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University Princeton NJ USA
| | | | - P W Valek
- Southwest Research Institute San Antonio TX USA
| | - R J Wilson
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA
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18
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Wilson RJ, Drake JC, Cui D, Ritger ML, Guan Y, Call JA, Zhang M, Leitner LM, Gödecke A, Yan Z. Voluntary running protects against neuromuscular dysfunction following hindlimb ischemia-reperfusion in mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 126:193-201. [PMID: 30433863 PMCID: PMC6383643 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00358.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) due to temporary restriction of blood flow causes tissue/organ damages under various disease conditions, including stroke, myocardial infarction, trauma, and orthopedic surgery. In the limbs, IR injury to motor nerves and muscle fibers causes reduced mobility and quality of life. Endurance exercise training has been shown to increase tissue resistance to numerous pathological insults. To elucidate the impact of endurance exercise training on IR injury in skeletal muscle, sedentary and exercise-trained mice (5 wk of voluntary running) were subjected to ischemia by unilateral application of a rubber band tourniquet above the femur for 1 h, followed by reperfusion. IR caused significant muscle injury and denervation at neuromuscular junction (NMJ) as early as 3 h after tourniquet release as well as depressed muscle strength and neuromuscular transmission in sedentary mice. Despite similar degrees of muscle atrophy and oxidative stress, exercise-trained mice had significantly reduced muscle injury and denervation at NMJ with improved regeneration and functional recovery following IR. Together, these data suggest that endurance exercise training preserves motor nerve and myofiber structure and function from IR injury and promote functional regeneration. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This work provides the first evidence that preemptive voluntary wheel running reduces neuromuscular dysfunction following ischemia-reperfusion injury in skeletal muscle. These findings may alter clinical practices in which a tourniquet is used to modulate blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Joshua C Drake
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Di Cui
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Matthew L Ritger
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Yuntian Guan
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Jarrod A Call
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Lucia M Leitner
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Axel Gödecke
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Medicine, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Pharmacology, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville, Virginia
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19
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Drake JC, Laker RC, Wilson RJ, Zhang M, Yan Z. Exercise-induced mitophagy in skeletal muscle occurs in the absence of stabilization of Pink1 on mitochondria. Cell Cycle 2018; 18:1-6. [PMID: 30558471 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1559556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of mitochondrial quality is essential for skeletal muscle function and overall health. Exercise training elicits profound adaptations to mitochondria to improve mitochondrial quality in skeletal muscle. We have recently demonstrated that acute exercise promotes removal of damaged/dysfunctional mitochondria via mitophagy in skeletal muscle during recovery through the Ampk-Ulk1 signaling cascade. In this Extra View, we explore whether Pink1 is stabilized on mitochondria following exercise as the signal for mitophagy. We observed no discernable presence of Pink1 in isolated mitochondria from skeletal muscle at any time point following acute exercise, in contrast to clear evidence of stabilization of Pink1 on mitochondria in HeLa cells following treatment with the uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP). Taken together, we conclude that Pink1 is not involved in exercise-induced mitophagy in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua C Drake
- a Departments of Medicine , University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville , VA , USA.,b Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center , University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - Rhianna C Laker
- a Departments of Medicine , University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville , VA , USA.,b Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center , University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- a Departments of Medicine , University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville , VA , USA.,b Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center , University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - Mei Zhang
- a Departments of Medicine , University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville , VA , USA.,b Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center , University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville , VA , USA
| | - Zhen Yan
- a Departments of Medicine , University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville , VA , USA.,b Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center , University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville , VA , USA.,c Pharmacology , University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville , VA , USA.,d Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics , University of Virginia School of Medicine , Charlottesville , VA , USA
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20
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Abe K, Akutsu R, Ali A, Amey J, Andreopoulos C, Anthony L, Antonova M, Aoki S, Ariga A, Ashida Y, Azuma Y, Ban S, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Barry C, Batkiewicz M, Bench F, Berardi V, Berkman S, Berner RM, Berns L, Bhadra S, Bienstock S, Blondel A, Bolognesi S, Bourguille B, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Bronner C, Buizza Avanzini M, Calcutt J, Campbell T, Cao S, Cartwright SL, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Chappell A, Checchia C, Cherdack D, Chikuma N, Christodoulou G, Coleman J, Collazuol G, Coplowe D, Cudd A, Dabrowska A, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Denner PF, Dennis SR, Densham C, Di Lodovico F, Dokania N, Dolan S, Drapier O, Duffy KE, Dumarchez J, Dunne P, Emery-Schrenk S, Ereditato A, Fernandez P, Feusels T, Finch AJ, Fiorentini GA, Fiorillo G, Francois C, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fujita R, Fukuda D, Fukuda Y, Gameil K, Giganti C, Gizzarelli F, Golan T, Gonin M, Hadley DR, Haegel L, Haigh JT, Hamacher-Baumann P, Hansen D, Harada J, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hayashino T, Hayato Y, Hiramoto A, Hogan M, Holeczek J, Hosomi F, Ichikawa AK, Ikeda M, Imber J, Inoue T, Intonti RA, Ishida T, Ishii T, Ishitsuka M, Iwamoto K, Izmaylov A, Jamieson B, Jiang M, Johnson S, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Karlen D, Katori T, Kato Y, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kim H, Kim J, King S, Kisiel J, Knight A, Knox A, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Koga T, Koller PP, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Koshio Y, Kowalik K, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Kuze M, Labarga L, Lagoda J, Lamoureux M, Lasorak P, Laveder M, Lawe M, Licciardi M, Lindner T, Liptak ZJ, Litchfield RP, Li X, Longhin A, Lopez JP, Lou T, Ludovici L, Lu X, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Maret L, Marino AD, Martin JF, Martins P, Maruyama T, Matsubara T, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Ma WY, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Mefodiev A, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Missert A, Miura M, Moriyama S, Morrison J, Mueller TA, Murphy S, Nagai Y, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakajima Y, Nakamura KG, Nakamura K, Nakamura KD, Nakanishi Y, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Nantais C, Nielsen C, Niewczas K, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, Nonnenmacher TS, Novella P, Nowak J, O'Keeffe HM, O'Sullivan L, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oryszczak W, Oser SM, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Palomino JL, Paolone V, Paudyal P, Pavin M, Payne D, Pickering L, Pidcott C, Pinzon Guerra ES, Pistillo C, Popov B, Porwit K, Posiadala-Zezula M, Pritchard A, Quilain B, Radermacher T, Radicioni E, Ratoff PN, Reinherz-Aronis E, Riccio C, Rondio E, Rossi B, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruggeri AC, Rychter A, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Sasaki S, Scantamburlo E, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shah R, Shaikhiev A, Shaker F, Shaw D, Shiozawa M, Smirnov A, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Sonoda Y, Steinmann J, Stewart T, Stowell P, Suda Y, Suvorov S, Suzuki A, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Sztuc AA, Tacik R, Tada M, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tamura R, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Thakore T, Thompson LF, Toki W, Touramanis C, Tsui KM, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Uno W, Vagins M, Vallari Z, Vasseur G, Vilela C, Vladisavljevic T, Volkov VV, Wachala T, Walker J, Wang Y, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wret C, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yamasu S, Yanagisawa C, Yang G, Yano T, Yasutome K, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yoshida T, Yu M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zaremba K, Zarnecki G, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Zsoldos S, Zykova A. Search for CP Violation in Neutrino and Antineutrino Oscillations by the T2K Experiment with 2.2×10^{21} Protons on Target. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:171802. [PMID: 30411920 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.171802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The T2K experiment measures muon neutrino disappearance and electron neutrino appearance in accelerator-produced neutrino and antineutrino beams. With an exposure of 14.7(7.6)×10^{20} protons on target in the neutrino (antineutrino) mode, 89 ν_{e} candidates and seven anti-ν_{e} candidates are observed, while 67.5 and 9.0 are expected for δ_{CP}=0 and normal mass ordering. The obtained 2σ confidence interval for the CP-violating phase, δ_{CP}, does not include the CP-conserving cases (δ_{CP}=0, π). The best-fit values of other parameters are sin^{2}θ_{23}=0.526_{-0.036}^{+0.032} and Δm_{32}^{2}=2.463_{-0.070}^{+0.071}×10^{-3} eV^{2}/c^{4}.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - R Akutsu
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - A Ali
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - J Amey
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Andreopoulos
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - L Anthony
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Antonova
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - S Aoki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Ariga
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Y Ashida
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Azuma
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Ban
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Barbi
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - G J Barker
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - G Barr
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C Barry
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Batkiewicz
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - F Bench
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - V Berardi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - S Berkman
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R M Berner
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - L Berns
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Bhadra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Bienstock
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - A Blondel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - B Bourguille
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - S B Boyd
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Brailsford
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Bravar
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Bronner
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - M Buizza Avanzini
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Calcutt
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - T Campbell
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - S Cao
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - S L Cartwright
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - M G Catanesi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - A Cervera
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - A Chappell
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - C Checchia
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - D Cherdack
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - N Chikuma
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - G Christodoulou
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - G Collazuol
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - D Coplowe
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Cudd
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - A Dabrowska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - G De Rosa
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - T Dealtry
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - P F Denner
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - S R Dennis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - C Densham
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - N Dokania
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Dolan
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - O Drapier
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - K E Duffy
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J Dumarchez
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - P Dunne
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - A Ereditato
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Fernandez
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - T Feusels
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A J Finch
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - G A Fiorentini
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - G Fiorillo
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - C Francois
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Friend
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - R Fujita
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D Fukuda
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Fukuda
- Miyagi University of Education, Department of Physics, Sendai, Japan
| | - K Gameil
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C Giganti
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | | | - T Golan
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M Gonin
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - D R Hadley
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - L Haegel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J T Haigh
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Hansen
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J Harada
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Hartz
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - N C Hastings
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - T Hayashino
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Hayato
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Hiramoto
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Hogan
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Holeczek
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - F Hosomi
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A K Ichikawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ikeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Imber
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - T Inoue
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - R A Intonti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - T Ishida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Ishii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Ishitsuka
- Tokyo University of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Iwamoto
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Izmaylov
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - B Jamieson
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - M Jiang
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Johnson
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - P Jonsson
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - C K Jung
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Kabirnezhad
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A C Kaboth
- Royal Holloway University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - T Kajita
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - H Kakuno
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Kameda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Karlen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Katori
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Kato
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - E Kearns
- Boston University, Department of Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Khabibullin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Khotjantsev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - H Kim
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - J Kim
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S King
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Kisiel
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - A Knight
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Knox
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - T Kobayashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - L Koch
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - T Koga
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - P P Koller
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Konaka
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L L Kormos
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Y Koshio
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - K Kowalik
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - H Kubo
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Kudenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R Kurjata
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kutter
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - M Kuze
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L Labarga
- University Autonoma Madrid, Department of Theoretical Physics, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Lagoda
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - P Lasorak
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Laveder
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - M Lawe
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Licciardi
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - T Lindner
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Z J Liptak
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - R P Litchfield
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - X Li
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Longhin
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - J P Lopez
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - T Lou
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L Ludovici
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Roma, Italy
| | - X Lu
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - L Magaletti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - K Mahn
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - M Malek
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S Manly
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - L Maret
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A D Marino
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J F Martin
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - P Martins
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Maruyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Matsubara
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Matveev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Mavrokoridis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - W Y Ma
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - M McCarthy
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - N McCauley
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K S McFarland
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - C McGrew
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Mefodiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - C Metelko
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Mezzetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - A Minamino
- Yokohama National University, Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama, Japan
| | - O Mineev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Mine
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - A Missert
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Miura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S Moriyama
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Morrison
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Th A Mueller
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - S Murphy
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Y Nagai
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - T Nakadaira
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Nakahata
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Nakajima
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - K G Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - K D Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Nakanishi
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Nakayama
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Nakaya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakayoshi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - C Nantais
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Nielsen
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - K Niewczas
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - K Nishikawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T S Nonnenmacher
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Novella
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J Nowak
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - H M O'Keeffe
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - L O'Sullivan
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - K Okumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Okusawa
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - W Oryszczak
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S M Oser
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R A Owen
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Oyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Palladino
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - J L Palomino
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - V Paolone
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - P Paudyal
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Pavin
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D Payne
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - L Pickering
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - C Pidcott
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - E S Pinzon Guerra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Pistillo
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Popov
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - K Porwit
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - A Pritchard
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - B Quilain
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Radermacher
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - E Radicioni
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - P N Ratoff
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - E Reinherz-Aronis
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Riccio
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - E Rondio
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Rossi
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - S Roth
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Rubbia
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A C Ruggeri
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - A Rychter
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - F Sánchez
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Sasaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - E Scantamburlo
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Scholberg
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - J Schwehr
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - M Scott
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Seiya
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sekiguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - H Sekiya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Sgalaberna
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R Shah
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - A Shaikhiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F Shaker
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - D Shaw
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Shiozawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Smirnov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Smy
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - J T Sobczyk
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - H Sobel
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Sonoda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Steinmann
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - T Stewart
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - P Stowell
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Y Suda
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Suvorov
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - S Y Suzuki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - A A Sztuc
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - R Tacik
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Tada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - A Takeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - R Tamura
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H K Tanaka
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - H A Tanaka
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California, USA
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Thakore
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - L F Thompson
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - W Toki
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K M Tsui
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Tsukamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Tzanov
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y Uchida
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - W Uno
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Vagins
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Z Vallari
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Vilela
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Vladisavljevic
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - V V Volkov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Wachala
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Walker
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Y Wang
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D Wark
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - M O Wascko
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Weber
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - R Wendell
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M J Wilking
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Wilkinson
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - J R Wilson
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J Wilson
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Wret
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Y Yamada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - S Yamasu
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - C Yanagisawa
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - G Yang
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Yano
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - K Yasutome
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Yen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Yershov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Yokoyama
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Yoshida
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Yu
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Zalewska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zalipska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Zaremba
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - G Zarnecki
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Ziembicki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E D Zimmerman
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Zito
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Zsoldos
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Zykova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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21
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Wilson RJ, Drake JC, Cui D, Lewellen BM, Fisher CC, Zhang M, Kashatus DF, Palmer LA, Murphy MP, Yan Z. Mitochondrial protein S-nitrosation protects against ischemia reperfusion-induced denervation at neuromuscular junction in skeletal muscle. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 117:180-190. [PMID: 29432799 PMCID: PMC5896769 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Deterioration of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) integrity and function is causal to muscle atrophy and frailty, ultimately hindering quality of life and increasing the risk of death. In particular, NMJ is vulnerable to ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury when blood flow is restricted followed by restoration. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism(s) and hence the lack of effective interventions. New evidence suggests that mitochondrial oxidative stress plays a causal role in IR injury, which can be precluded by enhancing mitochondrial protein S-nitrosation (SNO). To elucidate the role of IR and mitochondrial protein SNO in skeletal muscle, we utilized a clinically relevant model and showed that IR resulted in significant muscle and motor nerve injuries with evidence of elevated muscle creatine kinase in the serum, denervation at NMJ, myofiber degeneration and regeneration, as well as muscle atrophy. Interestingly, we observed that neuromuscular transmission improved prior to muscle recovery, suggesting the importance of the motor nerve in muscle functional recovery. Injection of a mitochondria-targeted S-nitrosation enhancing agent, MitoSNO, into ischemic muscle prior to reperfusion reduced mitochondrial oxidative stress in the motor nerve and NMJ, attenuated denervation at NMJ, and resulted in accelerated functional recovery of the muscle. These findings demonstrate that enhancing mitochondrial protein SNO protects against IR-induced denervation at NMJ in skeletal muscle and accelerates functional regeneration. This could be an efficacious intervention for protecting neuromuscular injury under the condition of IR and other related pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Wilson
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Joshua C Drake
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Di Cui
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Bevan M Lewellen
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Carleigh C Fisher
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Mei Zhang
- Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - David F Kashatus
- Departments of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Lisa A Palmer
- Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Michael P Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zhen Yan
- Departments of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Departments of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Departments of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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22
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Perry HM, Huang L, Wilson RJ, Bajwa A, Sesaki H, Yan Z, Rosin DL, Kashatus DF, Okusa MD. Dynamin-Related Protein 1 Deficiency Promotes Recovery from AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 29:194-206. [PMID: 29084809 PMCID: PMC5748924 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017060659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The proximal tubule epithelium relies on mitochondrial function for energy, rendering the kidney highly susceptible to ischemic AKI. Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), a mediator of mitochondrial fission, regulates mitochondrial function; however, the cell-specific and temporal role of DRP1 in AKI in vivo is unknown. Using genetic murine models, we found that proximal tubule-specific deletion of Drp1 prevented the renal ischemia-reperfusion-induced kidney injury, inflammation, and programmed cell death observed in wild-type mice and promoted epithelial recovery, which associated with activation of the renoprotective β-hydroxybutyrate signaling pathway. Loss of DRP1 preserved mitochondrial structure and reduced oxidative stress in injured kidneys. Lastly, proximal tubule deletion of DRP1 after ischemia-reperfusion injury attenuated progressive kidney injury and fibrosis. These results implicate DRP1 and mitochondrial dynamics as an important mediator of AKI and progression to fibrosis and suggest that DRP1 may serve as a therapeutic target for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Perry
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Liping Huang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, and
| | - Amandeep Bajwa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine
| | - Hiromi Sesaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, and
| | | | - David F Kashatus
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Mark D Okusa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine,
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23
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Wilson RJ, Drake JC, Cui D, Zhang M, Perry HM, Kashatus JA, Kusminski CM, Scherer PE, Kashatus DF, Okusa MD, Yan Z. Conditional MitoTimer reporter mice for assessment of mitochondrial structure, oxidative stress, and mitophagy. Mitochondrion 2017; 44:20-26. [PMID: 29274400 PMCID: PMC6387589 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of structural and functional changes of mitochondria is vital for biomedical research as mitochondria are the power plants essential for biological processes and tissue/organ functions. Others and we have developed a novel reporter gene, pMitoTimer, which codes for a redox sensitive mitochondrial targeted protein that switches from green fluorescence protein (GFP) to red fluorescent protein (DsRed) when oxidized. It has been shown in transfected cells, transgenic C. elegans and Drosophila m., as well as somatically transfected adult skeletal muscle that this reporter gene allows quantifiable assessment of mitochondrial structure, oxidative stress, and lysosomal targeting of mitochondria-containing autophagosomes. Here, we generated CAG-CAT-MitoTimer transgenic mice using a transgene containing MitoTimer downstream of LoxP-flanked bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene with stop codon under the control of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) enhancer fused to the chicken β-actin promoter (CAG). When CAG-CAT-MitoTimer mice were crossbred with various tissue-specific (muscle, adipose tissue, kidney, and pancreatic tumor) or global Cre transgenic mice, the double transgenic offspring showed MitoTimer expression in tissue-specific or global manner. Lastly, we show that hindlimb ischemia-reperfusion caused early, transient increases of mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondrial fragmentation and lysosomal targeting of autophagosomes containing mitochondria as well as a later reduction of mitochondrial content in skeletal muscle along with mitochondrial oxidative stress in sciatic nerve. Thus, we have generated conditional MitoTimer mice and provided proof of principle evidence of their utility to simultaneously assess mitochondrial structure, oxidative stress, and mitophagy in vivo in a tissue-specific, controllable fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States; Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Joshua C Drake
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Di Cui
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Medicine-Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States; Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Heather M Perry
- Department of Medicine-Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Jennifer A Kashatus
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | | | - Philipp E Scherer
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - David F Kashatus
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Mark D Okusa
- Department of Medicine-Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation, and Regenerative Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Medicine-Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States; Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States.
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24
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Laker RC, Drake JC, Wilson RJ, Lira VA, Lewellen BM, Ryall KA, Fisher CC, Zhang M, Saucerman JJ, Goodyear LJ, Kundu M, Yan Z. Ampk phosphorylation of Ulk1 is required for targeting of mitochondria to lysosomes in exercise-induced mitophagy. Nat Commun 2017; 8:548. [PMID: 28916822 PMCID: PMC5601463 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00520-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial health is critical for skeletal muscle function and is improved by exercise training through both mitochondrial biogenesis and removal of damaged/dysfunctional mitochondria via mitophagy. The mechanisms underlying exercise-induced mitophagy have not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that acute treadmill running in mice causes mitochondrial oxidative stress at 3-12 h and mitophagy at 6 h post-exercise in skeletal muscle. These changes were monitored using a novel fluorescent reporter gene, pMitoTimer, that allows assessment of mitochondrial oxidative stress and mitophagy in vivo, and were preceded by increased phosphorylation of AMP activated protein kinase (Ampk) at tyrosine 172 and of unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (Ulk1) at serine 555. Using mice expressing dominant negative and constitutively active Ampk in skeletal muscle, we demonstrate that Ulk1 activation is dependent on Ampk. Furthermore, exercise-induced metabolic adaptation requires Ulk1. These findings provide direct evidence of exercise-induced mitophagy and demonstrate the importance of Ampk-Ulk1 signaling in skeletal muscle.Exercise is associated with biogenesis and removal of dysfunctional mitochondria. Here the authors use a mitochondrial reporter gene to demonstrate the occurrence of mitophagy following exercise in mice, and show this is dependent on AMPK and ULK1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhianna C Laker
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Joshua C Drake
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Vitor A Lira
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.,Department of Health and Human Physiology, Obesity Research and Education Initiative, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Bevan M Lewellen
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Karen A Ryall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Carleigh C Fisher
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Saucerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Laurie J Goodyear
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Mondira Kundu
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA. .,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA. .,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
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25
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Leitner LM, Wilson RJ, Yan Z, Gödecke A. Reactive Oxygen Species/Nitric Oxide Mediated Inter-Organ Communication in Skeletal Muscle Wasting Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:700-717. [PMID: 27835923 PMCID: PMC5421600 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Cachexia is defined as a complex metabolic syndrome that is associated with underlying illness and a loss of muscle with or without loss of fat mass. This disease is associated with a high incidence with chronic diseases such as heart failure, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), among others. Since there is currently no effective treatment available, cachectic patients have a poor prognosis. Elucidation of the underlying mechanisms is, therefore, an important medical task. Recent Advances: There is accumulating evidence that the diseased organs such as heart, lung, kidney, or cancer tissue secrete soluble factors, including Angiotensin II, myostatin (growth differentiation factor 8 [GDF8]), GDF11, tumor growth factor beta (TGFβ), which act on skeletal muscle. There, they induce a set of genes called atrogenes, which, among others, induce the ubiquitin-proteasome system, leading to protein degradation. Moreover, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels due to modulation of NADPH oxidases (Nox) and mitochondrial function contribute to disease progression, which is characterized by loss of muscle mass, exercise resistance, and frailty. CRITICAL ISSUES Although substantial progress was achieved to elucidate the pathophysiology of cachexia, effectice therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. FUTURE DIRECTIONS With the identification of key components of the aberrant inter-organ communication leading to cachexia, studies in mice and men to inhibit ROS formation, induction of anti-oxidative superoxide dismutases, and upregulation of muscular nitric oxide (NO) formation either by pharmacological tools or by exercise are promising approaches to reduce the extent of skeletal muscle wasting. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 700-717.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia M Leitner
- 1 Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufphysiologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsklinikum , Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- 2 Department of Medicine-Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Zhen Yan
- 2 Department of Medicine-Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia.,3 Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Axel Gödecke
- 1 Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufphysiologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsklinikum , Düsseldorf, Germany
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26
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Abe K, Amey J, Andreopoulos C, Antonova M, Aoki S, Ariga A, Autiero D, Ban S, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Barry C, Bartet-Friburg P, Batkiewicz M, Berardi V, Berkman S, Bhadra S, Bienstock S, Blondel A, Bolognesi S, Bordoni S, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Bronner C, Buizza Avanzini M, Calland RG, Campbell T, Cao S, Cartwright SL, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Checchia C, Cherdack D, Chikuma N, Christodoulou G, Clifton A, Coleman J, Collazuol G, Coplowe D, Cudd A, Dabrowska A, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Denner PF, Dennis SR, Densham C, Dewhurst D, Di Lodovico F, Di Luise S, Dolan S, Drapier O, Duffy KE, Dumarchez J, Dziewiecki M, Emery-Schrenk S, Ereditato A, Feusels T, Finch AJ, Fiorentini GA, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fukuda D, Fukuda Y, Galymov V, Garcia A, Giganti C, Gizzarelli F, Golan T, Gonin M, Hadley DR, Haegel L, Haigh MD, Hansen D, Harada J, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hayashino T, Hayato Y, Helmer RL, Hillairet A, Hiraki T, Hiramoto A, Hirota S, Hogan M, Holeczek J, Hosomi F, Huang K, Ichikawa AK, Ikeda M, Imber J, Insler J, Intonti RA, Ishida T, Ishii T, Iwai E, Iwamoto K, Izmaylov A, Jamieson B, Jiang M, Johnson S, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Karlen D, Katori T, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kim H, Kim J, King S, Kisiel J, Knight A, Knox A, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Koga T, Konaka A, Kondo K, Kormos LL, Korzenev A, Koshio Y, Kowalik K, Kropp W, Kudenko Y, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Lagoda J, Lamont I, Lamoureux M, Larkin E, Lasorak P, Laveder M, Lawe M, Licciardi M, Lindner T, Liptak ZJ, Litchfield RP, Li X, Longhin A, Lopez JP, Lou T, Ludovici L, Lu X, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Marino AD, Martin JF, Martins P, Martynenko S, Maruyama T, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Ma WY, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Mefodiev A, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Mijakowski P, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Missert A, Miura M, Moriyama S, Mueller TA, Myslik J, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakamura KG, Nakamura K, Nakamura KD, Nakanishi Y, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Nantais C, Nielsen C, Nirkko M, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, Novella P, Nowak J, O'Keeffe HM, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oryszczak W, Oser SM, Ovsyannikova T, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Palomino JL, Paolone V, Patel ND, Paudyal P, Pavin M, Payne D, Perkin JD, Petrov Y, Pickard L, Pickering L, Pinzon Guerra ES, Pistillo C, Popov B, Posiadala-Zezula M, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Przewlocki P, Quilain B, Radermacher T, Radicioni E, Ratoff PN, Ravonel M, Rayner MA, Redij A, Reinherz-Aronis E, Riccio C, Rodrigues PA, Rondio E, Rossi B, Roth S, Rubbia A, Rychter A, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Scantamburlo E, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shah R, Shaikhiev A, Shaker F, Shaw D, Shiozawa M, Shirahige T, Short S, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Sorel M, Southwell L, Steinmann J, Stewart T, Stowell P, Suda Y, Suvorov S, Suzuki A, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Tacik R, Tada M, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Terhorst D, Terri R, Thakore T, Thompson LF, Tobayama S, Toki W, Tomura T, Touramanis C, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Vagins M, Vallari Z, Vasseur G, Vladisavljevic T, Wachala T, Walter CW, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilkes RJ, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wret C, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto M, Yanagisawa C, Yano T, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yoshida K, Yuan T, Yu M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zambelli L, Zaremba K, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Żmuda J. Combined Analysis of Neutrino and Antineutrino Oscillations at T2K. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:151801. [PMID: 28452532 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.151801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
T2K reports its first results in the search for CP violation in neutrino oscillations using appearance and disappearance channels for neutrino- and antineutrino-mode beams. The data include all runs from January 2010 to May 2016 and comprise 7.482×10^{20} protons on target in neutrino mode, which yielded in the far detector 32 e-like and 135 μ-like events, and 7.471×10^{20} protons on target in antineutrino mode, which yielded 4 e-like and 66 μ-like events. Reactor measurements of sin^{2}2θ_{13} have been used as an additional constraint. The one-dimensional confidence interval at 90% for the phase δ_{CP} spans the range (-3.13, -0.39) for normal mass ordering. The CP conservation hypothesis (δ_{CP}=0, π) is excluded at 90% C.L.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Amey
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Andreopoulos
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, United Kingdom and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - M Antonova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Aoki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Ariga
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - D Autiero
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - S Ban
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Barbi
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - G J Barker
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - G Barr
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C Barry
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - P Bartet-Friburg
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - M Batkiewicz
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - V Berardi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - S Berkman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S Bhadra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Bienstock
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - A Blondel
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - S Bordoni
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - S B Boyd
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Brailsford
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Bravar
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Bronner
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Buizza Avanzini
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - R G Calland
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Campbell
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - S Cao
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - S L Cartwright
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - M G Catanesi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - A Cervera
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - C Checchia
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - D Cherdack
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - N Chikuma
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - G Christodoulou
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A Clifton
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Coleman
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - G Collazuol
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - D Coplowe
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Cudd
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - A Dabrowska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - G De Rosa
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - T Dealtry
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - P F Denner
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - S R Dennis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - C Densham
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, United Kingdom and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - D Dewhurst
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Di Luise
- Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Dolan
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - O Drapier
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - K E Duffy
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J Dumarchez
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - M Dziewiecki
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - A Ereditato
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Feusels
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A J Finch
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - G A Fiorentini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Friend
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - D Fukuda
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Fukuda
- Department of Physics, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai, Japan
| | - V Galymov
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - A Garcia
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - C Giganti
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | | | - T Golan
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M Gonin
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - D R Hadley
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - L Haegel
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M D Haigh
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Hansen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J Harada
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Hartz
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - N C Hastings
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - T Hayashino
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Hayato
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - R L Helmer
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Hillairet
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Hiraki
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Hiramoto
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Hirota
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Hogan
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Holeczek
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - F Hosomi
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Huang
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A K Ichikawa
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ikeda
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Imber
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Insler
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - R A Intonti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - T Ishida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Ishii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - E Iwai
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Iwamoto
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - A Izmaylov
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - B Jamieson
- Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - M Jiang
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Johnson
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - P Jonsson
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - C K Jung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Kabirnezhad
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A C Kaboth
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, United Kingdom and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - T Kajita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - H Kakuno
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Kameda
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Karlen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Katori
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Kearns
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Khabibullin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Khotjantsev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - H Kim
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - J Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S King
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Kisiel
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - A Knight
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Knox
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - T Kobayashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - L Koch
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - T Koga
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Konaka
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - K Kondo
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - L L Kormos
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Korzenev
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Y Koshio
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - K Kowalik
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - W Kropp
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Y Kudenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R Kurjata
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kutter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - J Lagoda
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Lamont
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | | | - E Larkin
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - P Lasorak
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Laveder
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - M Lawe
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Licciardi
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - T Lindner
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Z J Liptak
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - R P Litchfield
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - X Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Longhin
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - J P Lopez
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - T Lou
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L Ludovici
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Roma, Italy
| | - X Lu
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - L Magaletti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - K Mahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - M Malek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S Manly
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - A D Marino
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J F Martin
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - P Martins
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Martynenko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Maruyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Matveev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Mavrokoridis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - W Y Ma
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - M McCarthy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - N McCauley
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K S McFarland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - C McGrew
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Mefodiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - C Metelko
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Mezzetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - P Mijakowski
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Minamino
- Faculty of Engineering, Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - O Mineev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Mine
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - A Missert
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Miura
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S Moriyama
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Th A Mueller
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Myslik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Nakadaira
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Nakahata
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - K G Nakamura
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - K D Nakamura
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Nakanishi
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Nakayama
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Nakaya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakayoshi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - C Nantais
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Nielsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Nirkko
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - K Nishikawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - P Novella
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J Nowak
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - H M O'Keeffe
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - K Okumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Okusawa
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - W Oryszczak
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S M Oser
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Ovsyannikova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R A Owen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Oyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Palladino
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - J L Palomino
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - V Paolone
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - N D Patel
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - P Paudyal
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Pavin
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - D Payne
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J D Perkin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Y Petrov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L Pickard
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - L Pickering
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - E S Pinzon Guerra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Pistillo
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Popov
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - P Przewlocki
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Quilain
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Radermacher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - E Radicioni
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - P N Ratoff
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Ravonel
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M A Rayner
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Redij
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - E Reinherz-Aronis
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Riccio
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - P A Rodrigues
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - E Rondio
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Rossi
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - S Roth
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Rubbia
- Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Rychter
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - F Sánchez
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - E Scantamburlo
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Scholberg
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - J Schwehr
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - M Scott
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Y Seiya
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sekiguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - H Sekiya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Sgalaberna
- Section de Physique, DPNC, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R Shah
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, United Kingdom and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - A Shaikhiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F Shaker
- Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - D Shaw
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Shiozawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Shirahige
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - S Short
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Smy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - J T Sobczyk
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - H Sobel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Sorel
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - L Southwell
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - J Steinmann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - T Stewart
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, United Kingdom and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - P Stowell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Y Suda
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Suvorov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - S Y Suzuki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - R Tacik
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Tada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - A Takeda
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - H K Tanaka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - H A Tanaka
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D Terhorst
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - R Terri
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Thakore
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - L F Thompson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S Tobayama
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - W Toki
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - T Tomura
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, University of Tokyo, Kamioka, Japan
| | - C Touramanis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Tsukamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Tzanov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y Uchida
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Vagins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Z Vallari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Vladisavljevic
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T Wachala
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - C W Walter
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - D Wark
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, United Kingdom and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - M O Wascko
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Weber
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, United Kingdom and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - R Wendell
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - R J Wilkes
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - M J Wilking
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Wilkinson
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - J R Wilson
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J Wilson
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Wret
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Yamada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Yamamoto
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - C Yanagisawa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Yano
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - S Yen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Yershov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Yokoyama
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Yuan
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Yu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Zalewska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zalipska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Zambelli
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Zaremba
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Ziembicki
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E D Zimmerman
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Zito
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Żmuda
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Call JA, Wilson RJ, Laker RC, Zhang M, Kundu M, Yan Z. Ulk1-mediated autophagy plays an essential role in mitochondrial remodeling and functional regeneration of skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2017; 312:C724-C732. [PMID: 28356270 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00348.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved cellular process for degrading aggregate proteins and dysfunctional organelle. It is still debatable if autophagy and mitophagy (a specific process of autophagy of mitochondria) play important roles in myogenic differentiation and functional regeneration of skeletal muscle. We tested the hypothesis that autophagy is critical for functional regeneration of skeletal muscle. We first observed time-dependent increases (3- to 6-fold) of autophagy-related proteins (Atgs), including Ulk1, Beclin1, and LC3, along with reduced p62 expression during C2C12 differentiation, suggesting increased autophagy capacity and flux during myogenic differentiation. We then used cardiotoxin (Ctx) or ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) to induce muscle injury and regeneration and observed increases in Atgs between days 2 and 7 in adult skeletal muscle followed by increased autophagy flux after day 7 Since Ulk1 has been shown to be essential for mitophagy, we asked if Ulk1 is critical for functional regeneration in skeletal muscle. We subjected skeletal muscle-specific Ulk1 knockout mice (MKO) to Ctx or I/R. MKO mice had significantly impaired recovery of muscle strength and mitochondrial protein content post-Ctx or I/R. Imaging analysis showed that MKO mice have significantly attenuated recovery of mitochondrial network at 7 and 14 days post-Ctx. These findings suggest that increased autophagy protein and flux occur during muscle regeneration and Ulk1-mediated mitophagy is critical for recovery for the mitochondrial network and hence functional regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod A Call
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Rhianna C Laker
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
| | - Mondira Kundu
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; .,Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.,Center for Skeletal Muscle Research at Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; and
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28
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Abe K, Andreopoulos C, Antonova M, Aoki S, Ariga A, Assylbekov S, Autiero D, Ban S, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Bartet-Friburg P, Batkiewicz M, Bay F, Berardi V, Berkman S, Bhadra S, Blondel A, Bolognesi S, Bordoni S, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Bronner C, Buizza Avanzini M, Calland RG, Campbell T, Cao S, Caravaca Rodríguez J, Cartwright SL, Castillo R, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Cherdack D, Chikuma N, Christodoulou G, Clifton A, Coleman J, Collazuol G, Coplowe D, Cremonesi L, Dabrowska A, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Denner PF, Dennis SR, Densham C, Dewhurst D, Di Lodovico F, Di Luise S, Dolan S, Drapier O, Duffy KE, Dumarchez J, Dytman S, Dziewiecki M, Emery-Schrenk S, Ereditato A, Feusels T, Finch AJ, Fiorentini GA, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fukuda D, Fukuda Y, Furmanski AP, Galymov V, Garcia A, Giffin SG, Giganti C, Gizzarelli F, Gonin M, Grant N, Hadley DR, Haegel L, Haigh MD, Hamilton P, Hansen D, Harada J, Hara T, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hayashino T, Hayato Y, Helmer RL, Hierholzer M, Hillairet A, Himmel A, Hiraki T, Hirota S, Hogan M, Holeczek J, Horikawa S, Hosomi F, Huang K, Ichikawa AK, Ieki K, Ikeda M, Imber J, Insler J, Intonti RA, Irvine TJ, Ishida T, Ishii T, Iwai E, Iwamoto K, Izmaylov A, Jacob A, Jamieson B, Jiang M, Johnson S, Jo JH, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Karlen D, Karpikov I, Katori T, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kielczewska D, Kikawa T, Kim H, Kim J, King S, Kisiel J, Knight A, Knox A, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Koga T, Konaka A, Kondo K, Kopylov A, Kormos LL, Korzenev A, Koshio Y, Kropp W, Kudenko Y, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Lagoda J, Lamont I, Larkin E, Lasorak P, Laveder M, Lawe M, Lazos M, Lindner T, Liptak ZJ, Litchfield RP, Li X, Longhin A, Lopez JP, Ludovici L, Lu X, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Marino AD, Marteau J, Martin JF, Martins P, Martynenko S, Maruyama T, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Ma WY, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Mefodiev A, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Mijakowski P, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Missert A, Miura M, Moriyama S, Mueller TA, Murphy S, Myslik J, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakamura KG, Nakamura K, Nakamura KD, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Nantais C, Nielsen C, Nirkko M, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, Novella P, Nowak J, O'Keeffe HM, Ohta R, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oryszczak W, Oser SM, Ovsyannikova T, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Palomino JL, Paolone V, Patel ND, Pavin M, Payne D, Perkin JD, Petrov Y, Pickard L, Pickering L, Pinzon Guerra ES, Pistillo C, Popov B, Posiadala-Zezula M, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Przewlocki P, Quilain B, Radermacher T, Radicioni E, Ratoff PN, Ravonel M, Rayner MAM, Redij A, Reinherz-Aronis E, Riccio C, Rojas P, Rondio E, Roth S, Rubbia A, Rychter A, Sacco R, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Sato F, Scantamburlo E, Scholberg K, Schoppmann S, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shah R, Shaikhiev A, Shaker F, Shaw D, Shiozawa M, Shirahige T, Short S, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Sorel M, Southwell L, Stamoulis P, Steinmann J, Stewart T, Stowell P, Suda Y, Suvorov S, Suzuki A, Suzuki K, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Tacik R, Tada M, Takahashi S, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Terhorst D, Terri R, Thakore T, Thompson LF, Tobayama S, Toki W, Tomura T, Touramanis C, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Vacheret A, Vagins M, Vallari Z, Vasseur G, Wachala T, Wakamatsu K, Walter CW, Wark D, Warzycha W, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilkes RJ, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto M, Yanagisawa C, Yano T, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yoo J, Yoshida K, Yuan T, Yu M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zambelli L, Zaremba K, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Żmuda J. Measurement of Coherent π^{+} Production in Low Energy Neutrino-Carbon Scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:192501. [PMID: 27858422 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.192501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the first measurement of the flux-averaged cross section for charged current coherent π^{+} production on carbon for neutrino energies less than 1.5 GeV, and with a restriction on the final state phase space volume in the T2K near detector, ND280. Comparisons are made with predictions from the Rein-Sehgal coherent production model and the model by Alvarez-Ruso et al., the latter representing the first implementation of an instance of the new class of microscopic coherent models in a neutrino interaction Monte Carlo event generator. We observe a clear event excess above background, disagreeing with the null results reported by K2K and SciBooNE in a similar neutrino energy region. The measured flux-averaged cross sections are below those predicted by both the Rein-Sehgal and Alvarez-Ruso et al.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - C Andreopoulos
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - M Antonova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Aoki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Ariga
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Assylbekov
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - D Autiero
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - S Ban
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Barbi
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - G J Barker
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - G Barr
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Bartet-Friburg
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - M Batkiewicz
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - F Bay
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - V Berardi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - S Berkman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S Bhadra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Blondel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - S Bordoni
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - S B Boyd
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Brailsford
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Bravar
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Bronner
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Buizza Avanzini
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - R G Calland
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Campbell
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - S Cao
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - J Caravaca Rodríguez
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - S L Cartwright
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - R Castillo
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - M G Catanesi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - A Cervera
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - D Cherdack
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - N Chikuma
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - G Christodoulou
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A Clifton
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Coleman
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - G Collazuol
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - D Coplowe
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - L Cremonesi
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Dabrowska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - G De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - T Dealtry
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - P F Denner
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - S R Dennis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - C Densham
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - D Dewhurst
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Di Luise
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Dolan
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - O Drapier
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - K E Duffy
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J Dumarchez
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - S Dytman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - M Dziewiecki
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - A Ereditato
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Feusels
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A J Finch
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - G A Fiorentini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Friend
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - D Fukuda
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Fukuda
- Department of Physics, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai, Japan
| | - A P Furmanski
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - V Galymov
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - A Garcia
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - S G Giffin
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - C Giganti
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | | | - M Gonin
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - N Grant
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - D R Hadley
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - L Haegel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M D Haigh
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - P Hamilton
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Hansen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - J Harada
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Hara
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - M Hartz
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - N C Hastings
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - T Hayashino
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Hayato
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - R L Helmer
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Hierholzer
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Hillairet
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Himmel
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - T Hiraki
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Hirota
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Hogan
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Holeczek
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - S Horikawa
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - F Hosomi
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Huang
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A K Ichikawa
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Ieki
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ikeda
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Imber
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Insler
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - R A Intonti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - T J Irvine
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Ishida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Ishii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - E Iwai
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Iwamoto
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - A Izmaylov
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Jacob
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - B Jamieson
- Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - M Jiang
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Johnson
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J H Jo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - P Jonsson
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - C K Jung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Kabirnezhad
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A C Kaboth
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - T Kajita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - H Kakuno
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Kameda
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Karlen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - I Karpikov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Katori
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Kearns
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Khabibullin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Khotjantsev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Kielczewska
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kikawa
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Kim
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - J Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S King
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Kisiel
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - A Knight
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Knox
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - T Kobayashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - L Koch
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - T Koga
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Konaka
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - K Kondo
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Kopylov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - L L Kormos
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Korzenev
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Y Koshio
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - W Kropp
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Y Kudenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R Kurjata
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kutter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - J Lagoda
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Lamont
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - E Larkin
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - P Lasorak
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Laveder
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - M Lawe
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Lazos
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Lindner
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Z J Liptak
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - R P Litchfield
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - X Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Longhin
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - J P Lopez
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - L Ludovici
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - X Lu
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - L Magaletti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - K Mahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - M Malek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S Manly
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - A D Marino
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J Marteau
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - J F Martin
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - P Martins
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Martynenko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Maruyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Matveev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Mavrokoridis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - W Y Ma
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - M McCarthy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - N McCauley
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K S McFarland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - C McGrew
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Mefodiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - C Metelko
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Mezzetto
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - P Mijakowski
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Minamino
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - O Mineev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Mine
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - A Missert
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Miura
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S Moriyama
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Th A Mueller
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - S Murphy
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Myslik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Nakadaira
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Nakahata
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - K G Nakamura
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - K D Nakamura
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Nakayama
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Nakaya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakayoshi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - C Nantais
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C Nielsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Nirkko
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - K Nishikawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - P Novella
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J Nowak
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - H M O'Keeffe
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - R Ohta
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Okumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Okusawa
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - W Oryszczak
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S M Oser
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Ovsyannikova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R A Owen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Oyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Palladino
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - J L Palomino
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - V Paolone
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - N D Patel
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Pavin
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - D Payne
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J D Perkin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Y Petrov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L Pickard
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - L Pickering
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - E S Pinzon Guerra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Pistillo
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Popov
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - P Przewlocki
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Quilain
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Radermacher
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - E Radicioni
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - P N Ratoff
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Ravonel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M A M Rayner
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Redij
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - E Reinherz-Aronis
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Riccio
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - P Rojas
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - E Rondio
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Roth
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Rubbia
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Rychter
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Sacco
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - F Sánchez
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - F Sato
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - E Scantamburlo
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Scholberg
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - S Schoppmann
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - J Schwehr
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - M Scott
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Y Seiya
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sekiguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - H Sekiya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Sgalaberna
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R Shah
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - A Shaikhiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F Shaker
- Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - D Shaw
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Shiozawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Shirahige
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - S Short
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Smy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - J T Sobczyk
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - H Sobel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Sorel
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - L Southwell
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - P Stamoulis
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J Steinmann
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - T Stewart
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - P Stowell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Y Suda
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Suvorov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - K Suzuki
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Y Suzuki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - R Tacik
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Tada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - S Takahashi
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Takeda
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - H K Tanaka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - H A Tanaka
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D Terhorst
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - R Terri
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Thakore
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - L F Thompson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S Tobayama
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - W Toki
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - T Tomura
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - C Touramanis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Tsukamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Tzanov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y Uchida
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Vacheret
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Vagins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Z Vallari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Wachala
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - K Wakamatsu
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - C W Walter
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - D Wark
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - W Warzycha
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M O Wascko
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Weber
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - R Wendell
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - R J Wilkes
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - M J Wilking
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Wilkinson
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - J R Wilson
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J Wilson
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Y Yamada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Yamamoto
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - C Yanagisawa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Yano
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - S Yen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Yershov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Yokoyama
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Yoo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Yuan
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Yu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Zalewska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zalipska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Zambelli
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Zaremba
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Ziembicki
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E D Zimmerman
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Zito
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Żmuda
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
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29
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Abe K, Andreopoulos C, Antonova M, Aoki S, Ariga A, Assylbekov S, Autiero D, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Bartet-Friburg P, Batkiewicz M, Bay F, Berardi V, Berkman S, Bhadra S, Blondel A, Bolognesi S, Bordoni S, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Bronner C, Buizza Avanzini M, Calland RG, Cao S, Caravaca Rodríguez J, Cartwright SL, Castillo R, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Cherdack D, Chikuma N, Christodoulou G, Clifton A, Coleman J, Collazuol G, Cremonesi L, Dabrowska A, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Denner PF, Dennis SR, Densham C, Dewhurst D, Di Lodovico F, Di Luise S, Dolan S, Drapier O, Duffy KE, Dumarchez J, Dytman S, Dziewiecki M, Emery-Schrenk S, Ereditato A, Feusels T, Finch AJ, Fiorentini GA, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fukuda D, Fukuda Y, Furmanski AP, Galymov V, Garcia A, Giffin SG, Giganti C, Gizzarelli F, Gonin M, Grant N, Hadley DR, Haegel L, Haigh MD, Hamilton P, Hansen D, Hara T, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hayashino T, Hayato Y, Helmer RL, Hierholzer M, Hillairet A, Himmel A, Hiraki T, Hirota S, Hogan M, Holeczek J, Horikawa S, Hosomi F, Huang K, Ichikawa AK, Ieki K, Ikeda M, Imber J, Insler J, Intonti RA, Irvine TJ, Ishida T, Ishii T, Iwai E, Iwamoto K, Izmaylov A, Jacob A, Jamieson B, Jiang M, Johnson S, Jo JH, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Karlen D, Karpikov I, Katori T, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kielczewska D, Kikawa T, Kim H, Kim J, King S, Kisiel J, Knight A, Knox A, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Koga T, Konaka A, Kondo K, Kopylov A, Kormos LL, Korzenev A, Koshio Y, Kropp W, Kudenko Y, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Lagoda J, Lamont I, Larkin E, Laveder M, Lawe M, Lazos M, Lindner T, Liptak ZJ, Litchfield RP, Li X, Longhin A, Lopez JP, Ludovici L, Lu X, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Marino AD, Marteau J, Martin JF, Martins P, Martynenko S, Maruyama T, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Ma WY, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Mefodiev A, Mezzetto M, Mijakowski P, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Missert A, Miura M, Moriyama S, Mueller TA, Murphy S, Myslik J, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakamura KG, Nakamura K, Nakamura KD, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Nantais C, Nielsen C, Nirkko M, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, Nowak J, O'Keeffe HM, Ohta R, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oryszczak W, Oser SM, Ovsyannikova T, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Palomino JL, Paolone V, Patel ND, Pavin M, Payne D, Perkin JD, Petrov Y, Pickard L, Pickering L, Pinzon Guerra ES, Pistillo C, Popov B, Posiadala-Zezula M, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Przewlocki P, Quilain B, Radicioni E, Ratoff PN, Ravonel M, Rayner MAM, Redij A, Reinherz-Aronis E, Riccio C, Rojas P, Rondio E, Roth S, Rubbia A, Rychter A, Sacco R, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Sato F, Scantamburlo E, Scholberg K, Schoppmann S, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shah R, Shaikhiev A, Shaker F, Shaw D, Shiozawa M, Shirahige T, Short S, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sorel M, Southwell L, Stamoulis P, Steinmann J, Stewart T, Suda Y, Suvorov S, Suzuki A, Suzuki K, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Tacik R, Tada M, Takahashi S, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Terhorst D, Terri R, Thakore T, Thompson LF, Tobayama S, Toki W, Tomura T, Touramanis C, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Vacheret A, Vagins M, Vallari Z, Vasseur G, Wachala T, Wakamatsu K, Walter CW, Wark D, Warzycha W, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilkes RJ, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto M, Yanagisawa C, Yano T, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yoo J, Yoshida K, Yuan T, Yu M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zambelli L, Zaremba K, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Żmuda J. Measurement of Muon Antineutrino Oscillations with an Accelerator-Produced Off-Axis Beam. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:181801. [PMID: 27203315 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.181801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
T2K reports its first measurements of the parameters governing the disappearance of ν[over ¯]_{μ} in an off-axis beam due to flavor change induced by neutrino oscillations. The quasimonochromatic ν[over ¯]_{μ} beam, produced with a peak energy of 0.6 GeV at J-PARC, is observed at the far detector Super-Kamiokande, 295 km away, where the ν[over ¯]_{μ} survival probability is expected to be minimal. Using a data set corresponding to 4.01×10^{20} protons on target, 34 fully contained μ-like events were observed. The best-fit oscillation parameters are sin^{2}(θ[over ¯]_{23})=0.45 and |Δm[over ¯]_{32}^{2}|=2.51×10^{-3} eV^{2} with 68% confidence intervals of 0.38-0.64 and 2.26-2.80×10^{-3} eV^{2}, respectively. These results are in agreement with existing antineutrino parameter measurements and also with the ν_{μ} disappearance parameters measured by T2K.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - C Andreopoulos
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - M Antonova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Aoki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Ariga
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Assylbekov
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - D Autiero
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - M Barbi
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - G J Barker
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - G Barr
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - P Bartet-Friburg
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - M Batkiewicz
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - F Bay
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - V Berardi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - S Berkman
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S Bhadra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Blondel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - S Bordoni
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - S B Boyd
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Brailsford
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Bravar
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Bronner
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Buizza Avanzini
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - R G Calland
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Cao
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - J Caravaca Rodríguez
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - S L Cartwright
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - R Castillo
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - M G Catanesi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - A Cervera
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - D Cherdack
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - N Chikuma
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - G Christodoulou
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A Clifton
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - G Collazuol
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - L Cremonesi
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Dabrowska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - G De Rosa
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - T Dealtry
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - P F Denner
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - S R Dennis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - C Densham
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - D Dewhurst
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Di Luise
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Dolan
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - O Drapier
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - K E Duffy
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J Dumarchez
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - S Dytman
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - M Dziewiecki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - A Ereditato
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Feusels
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A J Finch
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - G A Fiorentini
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Friend
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - D Fukuda
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - Y Fukuda
- Miyagi University of Education, Department of Physics, Sendai, Japan
| | - A P Furmanski
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - V Galymov
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - A Garcia
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - S G Giffin
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - C Giganti
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | | | - M Gonin
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - N Grant
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - D R Hadley
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - L Haegel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M D Haigh
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - P Hamilton
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Hansen
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - T Hara
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - M Hartz
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - N C Hastings
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - T Hayashino
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Hayato
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - R L Helmer
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Hierholzer
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Hillairet
- University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Himmel
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - T Hiraki
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Hirota
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Hogan
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Holeczek
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - S Horikawa
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - F Hosomi
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Huang
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A K Ichikawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Ieki
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ikeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Imber
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Insler
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - R A Intonti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - T J Irvine
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Ishida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Ishii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - E Iwai
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Iwamoto
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - A Izmaylov
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Jacob
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - B Jamieson
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - M Jiang
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Johnson
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J H Jo
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - P Jonsson
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - C K Jung
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Kabirnezhad
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A C Kaboth
- Royal Holloway University of London, Department of Physics, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - T Kajita
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - H Kakuno
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Kameda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Karlen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - I Karpikov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Katori
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Kearns
- Boston University, Department of Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Khabibullin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Khotjantsev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Kielczewska
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kikawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Kim
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - J Kim
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S King
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - J Kisiel
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - A Knight
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Knox
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - T Kobayashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - L Koch
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - T Koga
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Konaka
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - K Kondo
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Kopylov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - L L Kormos
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Korzenev
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Y Koshio
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - W Kropp
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Y Kudenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R Kurjata
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kutter
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - J Lagoda
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Lamont
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - E Larkin
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - M Laveder
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - M Lawe
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Lazos
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Lindner
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Z J Liptak
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - R P Litchfield
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - X Li
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Longhin
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - J P Lopez
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - L Ludovici
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Roma, Italy
| | - X Lu
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - L Magaletti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - K Mahn
- Michigan State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - M Malek
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S Manly
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - A D Marino
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J Marteau
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - J F Martin
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - P Martins
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Martynenko
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Maruyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Matveev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Mavrokoridis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - W Y Ma
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - M McCarthy
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - N McCauley
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K S McFarland
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - C McGrew
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Mefodiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Mezzetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - P Mijakowski
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Minamino
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - O Mineev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Mine
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - A Missert
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Miura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S Moriyama
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Th A Mueller
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - S Murphy
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Myslik
- University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Nakadaira
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Nakahata
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - K G Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - K D Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Nakayama
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Nakaya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakayoshi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - C Nantais
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C Nielsen
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Nirkko
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - K Nishikawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - J Nowak
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - H M O'Keeffe
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - R Ohta
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Okumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Okusawa
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - W Oryszczak
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S M Oser
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Ovsyannikova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R A Owen
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Oyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Palladino
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - J L Palomino
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - V Paolone
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - N D Patel
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Pavin
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - D Payne
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - J D Perkin
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Y Petrov
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L Pickard
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - L Pickering
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - E S Pinzon Guerra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Pistillo
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Popov
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - P Przewlocki
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Quilain
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - E Radicioni
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - P N Ratoff
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Ravonel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M A M Rayner
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Redij
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - E Reinherz-Aronis
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - C Riccio
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - P Rojas
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - E Rondio
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Roth
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Rubbia
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Rychter
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Sacco
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - F Sánchez
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - F Sato
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - E Scantamburlo
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Scholberg
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - S Schoppmann
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - J Schwehr
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - M Scott
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Y Seiya
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sekiguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - H Sekiya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Sgalaberna
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R Shah
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - A Shaikhiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - F Shaker
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - D Shaw
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Shiozawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Shirahige
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - S Short
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Smy
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - J T Sobczyk
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M Sorel
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - L Southwell
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - P Stamoulis
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J Steinmann
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - T Stewart
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - Y Suda
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Suvorov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - K Suzuki
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Y Suzuki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - R Tacik
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Tada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - S Takahashi
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Takeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - H K Tanaka
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - H A Tanaka
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D Terhorst
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - R Terri
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Thakore
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - L F Thompson
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - S Tobayama
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - W Toki
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - T Tomura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Tsukamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Tzanov
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y Uchida
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Vacheret
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Vagins
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Z Vallari
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Wachala
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - K Wakamatsu
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - C W Walter
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - D Wark
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - W Warzycha
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M O Wascko
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Weber
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - R Wendell
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - R J Wilkes
- University of Washington, Department of Physics, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - M J Wilking
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Wilkinson
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - J R Wilson
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J Wilson
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Y Yamada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Yamamoto
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - C Yanagisawa
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Yano
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - S Yen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Yershov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Yokoyama
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Yoo
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - K Yoshida
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Yuan
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Yu
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Zalewska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zalipska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Zambelli
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Zaremba
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Ziembicki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E D Zimmerman
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Zito
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Żmuda
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
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Laing LV, Viana J, Dempster EL, Trznadel M, Trunkfield LA, Uren Webster TM, van Aerle R, Paull GC, Wilson RJ, Mill J, Santos EM. Bisphenol A causes reproductive toxicity, decreases dnmt1 transcription, and reduces global DNA methylation in breeding zebrafish (Danio rerio). Epigenetics 2016; 11:526-38. [PMID: 27120497 PMCID: PMC4939919 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1182272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a commercially important high production chemical widely used in epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics, and is ubiquitous in the environment. Previous studies demonstrated that BPA activates estrogenic signaling pathways associated with adverse effects on reproduction in vertebrates and that exposure can induce epigenetic changes. We aimed to investigate the reproductive effects of BPA in a fish model and to document its mechanisms of toxicity. We exposed breeding groups of zebrafish (Danio rerio) to 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/L BPA for 15 d. We observed a significant increase in egg production, together with a reduced rate of fertilization in fish exposed to 1 mg/L BPA, associated with significant alterations in the transcription of genes involved in reproductive function and epigenetic processes in both liver and gonad tissue at concentrations representing hotspots of environmental contamination (0.1 mg/L) and above. Of note, we observed reduced expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (dnmt1) at environmentally relevant concentrations of BPA, along with a significant reduction in global DNA methylation, in testes and ovaries following exposure to 1 mg/L BPA. Our findings demonstrate that BPA disrupts reproductive processes in zebrafish, likely via estrogenic mechanisms, and that environmentally relevant concentrations of BPA are associated with altered transcription of key enzymes involved in DNA methylation maintenance. These findings provide evidence of the mechanisms of action of BPA in a model vertebrate and advocate for its reduction in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Laing
- a Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter , Exeter , EX4 4QD , United Kingdom
| | - J Viana
- b University of Exeter Medical School, RILD building, University of Exeter , Exeter , EX2 5DW , United Kingdom
| | - E L Dempster
- b University of Exeter Medical School, RILD building, University of Exeter , Exeter , EX2 5DW , United Kingdom
| | - M Trznadel
- a Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter , Exeter , EX4 4QD , United Kingdom
| | - L A Trunkfield
- a Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter , Exeter , EX4 4QD , United Kingdom
| | - T M Uren Webster
- a Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter , Exeter , EX4 4QD , United Kingdom
| | - R van Aerle
- c Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) , Barrack Road, The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset , DT4 8UB , United Kingdom
| | - G C Paull
- a Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter , Exeter , EX4 4QD , United Kingdom
| | - R J Wilson
- a Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter , Exeter , EX4 4QD , United Kingdom
| | - J Mill
- b University of Exeter Medical School, RILD building, University of Exeter , Exeter , EX2 5DW , United Kingdom.,d Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN) , King's College London, Denmark Hill, London , SE5 8AF , UK
| | - E M Santos
- a Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter , Exeter , EX4 4QD , United Kingdom
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Fenberg PB, Self A, Stewart JR, Wilson RJ, Brooks SJ. Exploring the universal ecological responses to climate change in a univoltine butterfly. J Anim Ecol 2016; 85:739-48. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip B. Fenberg
- Ocean and Earth Science National Oceanography Centre Southampton University of Southampton Waterfront Campus Southampton SO14 3ZH UK
| | - Angela Self
- Department of Life Sciences Natural History Museum Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD UK
| | - John R. Stewart
- School of Applied Sciences Bournemouth University Talbot Campus Poole Dorset BH12 5BB UK
| | - Rebecca J. Wilson
- Ocean and Earth Science National Oceanography Centre Southampton University of Southampton Waterfront Campus Southampton SO14 3ZH UK
| | - Stephen J. Brooks
- Department of Life Sciences Natural History Museum Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD UK
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Abstract
Liposomal doxorubicin is a clinically important drug formulation indicated for the treatment of several different forms of cancer. For doxorubicin to exert a therapeutic effect, it must gain access to the nucleus. However, a large proportion of the liposomal doxorubicin dose fails to work because it is sequestered within endolysosomal organelles following endocytosis of the liposomes due to the phenomenon of ion trapping. Listeriolysin O (LLO) is a pore-forming protein that can provide a mechanism for endosomal escape. The present study demonstrates that liposomal coencapsulation of doxorubicin with LLO enables a significantly larger percentage of the dose to colocalize with the nucleus compared to liposomes containing doxorubicin alone. The change in intracellular distribution resulted in a significantly more potent formulation of liposomal doxorubicin as demonstrated in both the ovarian carcinoma cell line A2780 and its doxorubicin-resistant derivative A2780ADR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary F Walls
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, §Department of Biomedical Sciences, and ∥Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , Johnson City, Tennessee 37604, United States
| | - Henry Gong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, §Department of Biomedical Sciences, and ∥Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , Johnson City, Tennessee 37604, United States
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ‡Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, §Department of Biomedical Sciences, and ∥Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University , Johnson City, Tennessee 37604, United States
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Drake JC, Wilson RJ, Yan Z. Molecular mechanisms for mitochondrial adaptation to exercise training in skeletal muscle. FASEB J 2015; 30:13-22. [PMID: 26370848 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-276337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Exercise training enhances physical performance and confers health benefits, largely through adaptations in skeletal muscle. Mitochondrial adaptation, encompassing coordinated improvements in quantity (content) and quality (structure and function), is increasingly recognized as a key factor in the beneficial outcomes of exercise training. Exercise training has long been known to promote mitochondrial biogenesis, but recent work has demonstrated that it has a profound impact on mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission) and clearance (mitophagy), as well. In this review, we discuss the various mechanisms through which exercise training promotes mitochondrial quantity and quality in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua C Drake
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Rebecca J Wilson
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Zhen Yan
- Center for Skeletal Muscle Research, Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, and Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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34
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Abe K, Adam J, Aihara H, Akiri T, Andreopoulos C, Aoki S, Ariga A, Assylbekov S, Autiero D, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Bass M, Batkiewicz M, Bay F, Berardi V, Berger BE, Berkman S, Bhadra S, Blaszczyk FDM, Blondel A, Bojechko C, Bordoni S, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Bronner C, Buchanan N, Calland RG, Caravaca Rodríguez J, Cartwright SL, Castillo R, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Cherdack D, Christodoulou G, Clifton A, Coleman J, Coleman SJ, Collazuol G, Connolly K, Cremonesi L, Dabrowska A, Danko I, Das R, Davis S, de Perio P, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Dennis SR, Densham C, Dewhurst D, Di Lodovico F, Di Luise S, Drapier O, Duboyski T, Duffy K, Dumarchez J, Dytman S, Dziewiecki M, Emery-Schrenk S, Ereditato A, Escudero L, Finch AJ, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fukuda Y, Furmanski AP, Galymov V, Giffin S, Giganti C, Gilje K, Goeldi D, Golan T, Gonin M, Grant N, Gudin D, Hadley DR, Haesler A, Haigh MD, Hamilton P, Hansen D, Hara T, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hayato Y, Hearty C, Helmer RL, Hierholzer M, Hignight J, Hillairet A, Himmel A, Hiraki T, Hirota S, Holeczek J, Horikawa S, Huang K, Ichikawa AK, Ieki K, Ieva M, Ikeda M, Imber J, Insler J, Irvine TJ, Ishida T, Ishii T, Iwai E, Iwamoto K, Iyogi K, Izmaylov A, Jacob A, Jamieson B, Johnson RA, Jo JH, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Kanazawa Y, Karlen D, Karpikov I, Katori T, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kielczewska D, Kikawa T, Kilinski A, Kim J, Kisiel J, Kitching P, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Kolaceke A, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Korzenev A, Koshio Y, Kropp W, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Lagoda J, Lamont I, Larkin E, Laveder M, Lawe M, Lazos M, Lindner T, Lister C, Litchfield RP, Longhin A, Ludovici L, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Marino AD, Marteau J, Martin JF, Martynenko S, Maruyama T, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Metelko C, Mijakowski P, Miller CA, Minamino A, Mineev O, Missert A, Miura M, Moriyama S, Mueller TA, Murakami A, Murdoch M, Murphy S, Myslik J, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakamura K, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Nielsen C, Nirkko M, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, O'Keeffe HM, Ohta R, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oryszczak W, Oser SM, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Palomino JL, Paolone V, Payne D, Perevozchikov O, Perkin JD, Petrov Y, Pickard L, Pinzon Guerra ES, Pistillo C, Plonski P, Poplawska E, Popov B, Posiadala M, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Przewlocki P, Quilain B, Radicioni E, Ratoff PN, Ravonel M, Rayner MAM, Redij A, Reeves M, Reinherz-Aronis E, Rodrigues PA, Rojas P, Rondio E, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruterbories D, Sacco R, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Sato F, Scantamburlo E, Scholberg K, Schoppmann S, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shiozawa M, Short S, Shustrov Y, Sinclair P, Smith B, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Sorel M, Southwell L, Stamoulis P, Steinmann J, Still B, Suda Y, Suzuki A, Suzuki K, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Tacik R, Tada M, Takahashi S, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Tanaka MM, Terhorst D, Terri R, Thompson LF, Thorley A, Tobayama S, Toki W, Tomura T, Totsuka Y, Touramanis C, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Vacheret A, Vagins M, Vasseur G, Wachala T, Waldron AV, Walter CW, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilkes RJ, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Williamson Z, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wongjirad T, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yanagisawa C, Yano T, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yuan T, Yu M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zambelli L, Zaremba K, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Żmuda J. Measurement of the inclusive electron neutrino charged current cross section on carbon with the T2K near detector. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:241803. [PMID: 25541766 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.241803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The T2K off-axis near detector ND280 is used to make the first differential cross-section measurements of electron neutrino charged current interactions at energies ∼1 GeV as a function of electron momentum, electron scattering angle, and four-momentum transfer of the interaction. The total flux-averaged ν(e) charged current cross section on carbon is measured to be ⟨σ⟩(ϕ)=1.11±0.10(stat)±0.18(syst)×10⁻³⁸ cm²/nucleon. The differential and total cross-section measurements agree with the predictions of two leading neutrino interaction generators, NEUT and GENIE. The NEUT prediction is 1.23×10⁻³⁸ cm²/nucleon and the GENIE prediction is 1.08×10⁻³⁸ cm²/nucleon. The total ν(e) charged current cross-section result is also in agreement with data from the Gargamelle experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Adam
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - H Aihara
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Akiri
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - C Andreopoulos
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - S Aoki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Ariga
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Assylbekov
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - D Autiero
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - M Barbi
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - G J Barker
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - G Barr
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Bass
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - M Batkiewicz
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - F Bay
- Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - V Berardi
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - B E Berger
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Berkman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S Bhadra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - F d M Blaszczyk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - A Blondel
- Section de Physique, University of Geneva, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Bojechko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S Bordoni
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - S B Boyd
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Brailsford
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Bravar
- Section de Physique, University of Geneva, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Bronner
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - N Buchanan
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - R G Calland
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - S L Cartwright
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - R Castillo
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - M G Catanesi
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - A Cervera
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - D Cherdack
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - G Christodoulou
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A Clifton
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Coleman
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S J Coleman
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - K Connolly
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - L Cremonesi
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Dabrowska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - I Danko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - R Das
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - S Davis
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - P de Perio
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - G De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - T Dealtry
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom and STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - S R Dennis
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom and Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - C Densham
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - D Dewhurst
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Di Luise
- Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - O Drapier
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - T Duboyski
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Duffy
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J Dumarchez
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - S Dytman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - M Dziewiecki
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - A Ereditato
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - L Escudero
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - A J Finch
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Friend
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Fukuda
- Department of Physics, Miyagi University of Education, Sendai, Japan
| | - A P Furmanski
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - V Galymov
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - S Giffin
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - C Giganti
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - K Gilje
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D Goeldi
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Golan
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M Gonin
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - N Grant
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - D Gudin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - D R Hadley
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Haesler
- Section de Physique, University of Geneva, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M D Haigh
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - P Hamilton
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Hansen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - T Hara
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - M Hartz
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - N C Hastings
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Y Hayato
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - C Hearty
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R L Helmer
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Hierholzer
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - J Hignight
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Hillairet
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Himmel
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - T Hiraki
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Hirota
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - J Holeczek
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - S Horikawa
- Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Huang
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A K Ichikawa
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Ieki
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ieva
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - M Ikeda
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Imber
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Insler
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - T J Irvine
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Ishida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Ishii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - E Iwai
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Iwamoto
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - K Iyogi
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Izmaylov
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain and Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Jacob
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - B Jamieson
- Department of Physics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - R A Johnson
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J H Jo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - P Jonsson
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - C K Jung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Kabirnezhad
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A C Kaboth
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Kajita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - H Kakuno
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Kameda
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Kanazawa
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D Karlen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - I Karpikov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Katori
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Kearns
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Khabibullin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Khotjantsev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Kielczewska
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kikawa
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Kilinski
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J Kisiel
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - P Kitching
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Centre for Particle Physics, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - T Kobayashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - L Koch
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Kolaceke
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - A Konaka
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L L Kormos
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Korzenev
- Section de Physique, University of Geneva, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Y Koshio
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - W Kropp
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - H Kubo
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Kudenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R Kurjata
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kutter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - J Lagoda
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - I Lamont
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - E Larkin
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - M Laveder
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - M Lawe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - M Lazos
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Lindner
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C Lister
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - R P Litchfield
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Longhin
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - L Ludovici
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - L Magaletti
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - K Mahn
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Malek
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Manly
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - A D Marino
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J Marteau
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - J F Martin
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Martynenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - T Maruyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Matveev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Mavrokoridis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - M McCarthy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N McCauley
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K S McFarland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - C McGrew
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Metelko
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - P Mijakowski
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - C A Miller
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Minamino
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - O Mineev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Missert
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Miura
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S Moriyama
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Th A Mueller
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - A Murakami
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Murdoch
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S Murphy
- Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Myslik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Nakadaira
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Nakahata
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Nakayama
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Nakaya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakayoshi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - C Nielsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Nirkko
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - K Nishikawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - H M O'Keeffe
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - R Ohta
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Okumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Okusawa
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - W Oryszczak
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S M Oser
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R A Owen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Oyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Palladino
- Dipartimento di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - J L Palomino
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - V Paolone
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - D Payne
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - O Perevozchikov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - J D Perkin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Y Petrov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L Pickard
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - E S Pinzon Guerra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Pistillo
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Plonski
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E Poplawska
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - B Popov
- Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
| | - M Posiadala
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - P Przewlocki
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Quilain
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Palaiseau, France
| | - E Radicioni
- Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - P N Ratoff
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Ravonel
- Section de Physique, University of Geneva, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M A M Rayner
- Section de Physique, University of Geneva, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Redij
- Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Reeves
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - E Reinherz-Aronis
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - P A Rodrigues
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - P Rojas
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - E Rondio
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Roth
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Rubbia
- Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D Ruterbories
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - R Sacco
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - F Sánchez
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - F Sato
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - E Scantamburlo
- Section de Physique, University of Geneva, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Scholberg
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - S Schoppmann
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - J Schwehr
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - M Scott
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Y Seiya
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sekiguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - H Sekiya
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Sgalaberna
- Institute for Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Shiozawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S Short
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Shustrov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - P Sinclair
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - B Smith
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Smy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - J T Sobczyk
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - H Sobel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Sorel
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - L Southwell
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - P Stamoulis
- IFIC (CSIC & University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J Steinmann
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - B Still
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Suda
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - K Suzuki
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Y Suzuki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - R Tacik
- Department of Physics, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada and TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Tada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - S Takahashi
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Takeda
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - H K Tanaka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - H A Tanaka
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M M Tanaka
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - D Terhorst
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - R Terri
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - L F Thompson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - A Thorley
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S Tobayama
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - W Toki
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - T Tomura
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Totsuka
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Centre for Particle Physics, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - C Touramanis
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Tsukamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Tzanov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y Uchida
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Vacheret
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Vagins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Wachala
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - A V Waldron
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C W Walter
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - D Wark
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom and STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - M O Wascko
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Weber
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom and STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - R Wendell
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - R J Wilkes
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - C Wilkinson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Z Williamson
- Department of Physics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J R Wilson
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J Wilson
- Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - T Wongjirad
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Y Yamada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Department of Physics, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - C Yanagisawa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - T Yano
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - S Yen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Yershov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Yokoyama
- Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Yuan
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Yu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Zalewska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zalipska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Zambelli
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Zaremba
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Ziembicki
- Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E D Zimmerman
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Zito
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Żmuda
- Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw University, Wroclaw, Poland
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35
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Abe K, Adam J, Aihara H, Akiri T, Andreopoulos C, Aoki S, Ariga A, Ariga T, Assylbekov S, Autiero D, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Bass M, Batkiewicz M, Bay F, Bentham SW, Berardi V, Berger BE, Berkman S, Bertram I, Bhadra S, Blaszczyk FDM, Blondel A, Bojechko C, Bordoni S, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Bronner C, Buchanan N, Calland RG, Caravaca Rodríguez J, Cartwright SL, Castillo R, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Cherdack D, Christodoulou G, Clifton A, Coleman J, Coleman SJ, Collazuol G, Connolly K, Cremonesi L, Dabrowska A, Danko I, Das R, Davis S, de Perio P, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Dennis SR, Densham C, Di Lodovico F, Di Luise S, Drapier O, Duboyski T, Duffy K, Dufour F, Dumarchez J, Dytman S, Dziewiecki M, Emery S, Ereditato A, Escudero L, Finch AJ, Floetotto L, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fukuda Y, Furmanski AP, Galymov V, Giffin S, Giganti C, Gilje K, Goeldi D, Golan T, Gonin M, Grant N, Gudin D, Hadley DR, Haesler A, Haigh MD, Hamilton P, Hansen D, Hara T, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hayato Y, Hearty C, Helmer RL, Hierholzer M, Hignight J, Hillairet A, Himmel A, Hiraki T, Hirota S, Holeczek J, Horikawa S, Huang K, Ichikawa AK, Ieki K, Ieva M, Ikeda M, Imber J, Insler J, Irvine TJ, Ishida T, Ishii T, Ives SJ, Iwai E, Iyogi K, Izmaylov A, Jacob A, Jamieson B, Johnson RA, Jo JH, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Kabirnezhad M, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Kanazawa Y, Karlen D, Karpikov I, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kielczewska D, Kikawa T, Kilinski A, Kim J, Kisiel J, Kitching P, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Kolaceke A, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Korzenev A, Koseki K, Koshio Y, Kreslo I, Kropp W, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kumaratunga S, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Lagoda J, Laihem K, Lamont I, Laveder M, Lawe M, Lazos M, Lee KP, Lindner T, Lister C, Litchfield RP, Longhin A, Ludovici L, Macaire M, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Marino AD, Marteau J, Martin JF, Maruyama T, Marzec J, Mathie EL, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Mijakowski P, Miller CA, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Missert A, Miura M, Monfregola L, Moriyama S, Mueller TA, Murakami A, Murdoch M, Murphy S, Myslik J, Nagasaki T, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakai T, Nakamura K, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Naples D, Nielsen C, Nirkko M, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, O'Keeffe HM, Ohta R, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oryszczak W, Oser SM, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Palomino J, Paolone V, Payne D, Perevozchikov O, Perkin JD, Petrov Y, Pickard L, Pinzon Guerra ES, Pistillo C, Plonski P, Poplawska E, Popov B, Posiadala M, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Przewlocki P, Quilain B, Radicioni E, Ratoff PN, Ravonel M, Rayner MAM, Redij A, Reeves M, Reinherz-Aronis E, Retiere F, Robert A, Rodrigues PA, Rojas P, Rondio E, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruterbories D, Sacco R, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Sato F, Scantamburlo E, Scholberg K, Schoppmann S, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shiozawa M, Short S, Shustrov Y, Sinclair P, Smith B, Smith RJ, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Sorel M, Southwell L, Stamoulis P, Steinmann J, Still B, Suda Y, Suzuki A, Suzuki K, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Szeglowski T, Tacik R, Tada M, Takahashi S, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Tanaka MM, Terhorst D, Terri R, Thompson LF, Thorley A, Tobayama S, Toki W, Tomura T, Totsuka Y, Touramanis C, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Ueno K, Vacheret A, Vagins M, Vasseur G, Wachala T, Waldron AV, Walter CW, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilkes RJ, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Williamson Z, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wongjirad T, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yanagisawa C, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yuan T, Yu M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zambelli L, Zaremba K, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Żmuda J. Precise measurement of the neutrino mixing parameter θ23 from muon neutrino disappearance in an off-axis beam. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:181801. [PMID: 24856687 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.181801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
New data from the T2K neutrino oscillation experiment produce the most precise measurement of the neutrino mixing parameter θ23. Using an off-axis neutrino beam with a peak energy of 0.6 GeV and a data set corresponding to 6.57×10(20) protons on target, T2K has fit the energy-dependent νμ oscillation probability to determine oscillation parameters. The 68% confidence limit on sin(2)(θ23) is 0.514(-0.056)(+0.055) (0.511±0.055), assuming normal (inverted) mass hierarchy. The best-fit mass-squared splitting for normal hierarchy is Δm32(2)=(2.51±0.10)×10(-3) eV(2)/c(4) (inverted hierarchy: Δm13(2)=(2.48±0.10)×10(-3) eV(2)/c(4)). Adding a model of multinucleon interactions that affect neutrino energy reconstruction is found to produce only small biases in neutrino oscillation parameter extraction at current levels of statistical uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Adam
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - H Aihara
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Akiri
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - C Andreopoulos
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - S Aoki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Ariga
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Ariga
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Assylbekov
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - D Autiero
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - M Barbi
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - G J Barker
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - G Barr
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Bass
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - M Batkiewicz
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - F Bay
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S W Bentham
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - V Berardi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - B E Berger
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - S Berkman
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - I Bertram
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - S Bhadra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - F d M Blaszczyk
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - A Blondel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Bojechko
- University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S Bordoni
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - S B Boyd
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Brailsford
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Bravar
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Bronner
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - N Buchanan
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - R G Calland
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - S L Cartwright
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - R Castillo
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - M G Catanesi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - A Cervera
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - D Cherdack
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - G Christodoulou
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A Clifton
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S J Coleman
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - K Connolly
- University of Washington, Department of Physics, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - L Cremonesi
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Dabrowska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - I Danko
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - R Das
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - S Davis
- University of Washington, Department of Physics, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - P de Perio
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - G De Rosa
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - T Dealtry
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom and STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - S R Dennis
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom and University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - C Densham
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Di Luise
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - O Drapier
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - T Duboyski
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Duffy
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - F Dufour
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Dumarchez
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - S Dytman
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - M Dziewiecki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Emery
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Ereditato
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - L Escudero
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - A J Finch
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - L Floetotto
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - M Friend
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Fukuda
- Miyagi University of Education, Department of Physics, Sendai, Japan
| | - A P Furmanski
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - V Galymov
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Giffin
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - C Giganti
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - K Gilje
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D Goeldi
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Golan
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M Gonin
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - N Grant
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - D Gudin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - D R Hadley
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Haesler
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M D Haigh
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - P Hamilton
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Hansen
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - T Hara
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - M Hartz
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - N C Hastings
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Y Hayato
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - C Hearty
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R L Helmer
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Hierholzer
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - J Hignight
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Hillairet
- University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Himmel
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - T Hiraki
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Hirota
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - J Holeczek
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - S Horikawa
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Huang
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A K Ichikawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Ieki
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ieva
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - M Ikeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Imber
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Insler
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - T J Irvine
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Ishida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Ishii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - S J Ives
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Iwai
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Iyogi
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Izmaylov
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain and Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Jacob
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - B Jamieson
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - R A Johnson
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J H Jo
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - P Jonsson
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - C K Jung
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - M Kabirnezhad
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A C Kaboth
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Kajita
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - H Kakuno
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Kameda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Kanazawa
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D Karlen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - I Karpikov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - E Kearns
- Boston University, Department of Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Khabibullin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Khotjantsev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Kielczewska
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kikawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Kilinski
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Kim
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J Kisiel
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - P Kitching
- University of Alberta, Centre for Particle Physics, Department of Physics, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - T Kobayashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - L Koch
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Kolaceke
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - A Konaka
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L L Kormos
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Korzenev
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Koseki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Koshio
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - I Kreslo
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - W Kropp
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - H Kubo
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Kudenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - R Kurjata
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kutter
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - J Lagoda
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Laihem
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - I Lamont
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Laveder
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - M Lawe
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - M Lazos
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K P Lee
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Lindner
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C Lister
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - R P Litchfield
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Longhin
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - L Ludovici
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Roma, Italy
| | - M Macaire
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - L Magaletti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - K Mahn
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Malek
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Manly
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - A D Marino
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J Marteau
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - J F Martin
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Maruyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - J Marzec
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E L Mathie
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - V Matveev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Mavrokoridis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - M McCarthy
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N McCauley
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K S McFarland
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - C McGrew
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Metelko
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Mezzetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - P Mijakowski
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - C A Miller
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Minamino
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - O Mineev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Mine
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - A Missert
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Miura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - L Monfregola
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - S Moriyama
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Th A Mueller
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - A Murakami
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Murdoch
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S Murphy
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Myslik
- University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Nagasaki
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Nakadaira
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Nakahata
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Nakai
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Nakayama
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Nakaya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakayoshi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - D Naples
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - C Nielsen
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Nirkko
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - K Nishikawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - H M O'Keeffe
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - R Ohta
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Okumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Okusawa
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - W Oryszczak
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S M Oser
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R A Owen
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Oyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Palladino
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - J Palomino
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - V Paolone
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - D Payne
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - O Perevozchikov
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - J D Perkin
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Y Petrov
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L Pickard
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - E S Pinzon Guerra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Pistillo
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Plonski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E Poplawska
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - B Popov
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - M Posiadala
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - P Przewlocki
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Quilain
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - E Radicioni
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - P N Ratoff
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Ravonel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M A M Rayner
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Redij
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Reeves
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - E Reinherz-Aronis
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - F Retiere
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Robert
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - P A Rodrigues
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - P Rojas
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - E Rondio
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Roth
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Rubbia
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D Ruterbories
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - R Sacco
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - F Sánchez
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - F Sato
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - E Scantamburlo
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Scholberg
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - S Schoppmann
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - J Schwehr
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - M Scott
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Y Seiya
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sekiguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - H Sekiya
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Sgalaberna
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Shiozawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S Short
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Shustrov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - P Sinclair
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - B Smith
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J Smith
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Smy
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - J T Sobczyk
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - H Sobel
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Sorel
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - L Southwell
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - P Stamoulis
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J Steinmann
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - B Still
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Suda
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - K Suzuki
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Y Suzuki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Szeglowski
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - R Tacik
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada and TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Tada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - S Takahashi
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Takeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - H K Tanaka
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - H A Tanaka
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M M Tanaka
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - D Terhorst
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - R Terri
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - L F Thompson
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - A Thorley
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S Tobayama
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - W Toki
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - T Tomura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Totsuka
- University of Alberta, Centre for Particle Physics, Department of Physics, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada and University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland and Boston University, Department of Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA and University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA and IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France and University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA and Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA and Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA and Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France and ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland and University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland and H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland and High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan and Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain and IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain and Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom and INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy and INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy and INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy and INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma "La Sapienza," Roma, Italy and Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Ch
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Tsukamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Tzanov
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y Uchida
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Ueno
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Vacheret
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Vagins
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Wachala
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - A V Waldron
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C W Walter
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - D Wark
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom and STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - M O Wascko
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Weber
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom and STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - R Wendell
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - R J Wilkes
- University of Washington, Department of Physics, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - C Wilkinson
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Z Williamson
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J R Wilson
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J Wilson
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - T Wongjirad
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Y Yamada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - C Yanagisawa
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Yen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Yershov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Yokoyama
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Yuan
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Yu
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Zalewska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zalipska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Zambelli
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - K Zaremba
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Ziembicki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E D Zimmerman
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Zito
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Żmuda
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
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Voskamp A, Rode EJ, Coudrat CNZ, Coudrat CNZ, Coudrat CNZ, Wilson RJ, Nekaris KAI. Modelling the habitat use and distribution of the threatened Javan slow loris Nycticebus javanicus. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2014. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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37
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Abe K, Adam J, Aihara H, Akiri T, Andreopoulos C, Aoki S, Ariga A, Ariga T, Assylbekov S, Autiero D, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Bass M, Batkiewicz M, Bay F, Bentham SW, Berardi V, Berger BE, Berkman S, Bertram I, Bhadra S, Blaszczyk FDM, Blondel A, Bojechko C, Bordoni S, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Bronner C, Buchanan N, Calland RG, Caravaca Rodríguez J, Cartwright SL, Castillo R, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Cherdack D, Christodoulou G, Clifton A, Coleman J, Coleman SJ, Collazuol G, Connolly K, Cremonesi L, Dabrowska A, Danko I, Das R, Davis S, de Perio P, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Dennis SR, Densham C, Di Lodovico F, Di Luise S, Drapier O, Duboyski T, Duffy K, Dufour F, Dumarchez J, Dytman S, Dziewiecki M, Emery S, Ereditato A, Escudero L, Finch AJ, Floetotto L, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fukuda Y, Furmanski AP, Galymov V, Gaudin A, Giffin S, Giganti C, Gilje K, Goeldi D, Golan T, Gomez-Cadenas JJ, Gonin M, Grant N, Gudin D, Hadley DR, Haesler A, Haigh MD, Hamilton P, Hansen D, Hara T, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hayato Y, Hearty C, Helmer RL, Hierholzer M, Hignight J, Hillairet A, Himmel A, Hiraki T, Hirota S, Holeczek J, Horikawa S, Huang K, Ichikawa AK, Ieki K, Ieva M, Ikeda M, Imber J, Insler J, Irvine TJ, Ishida T, Ishii T, Ives SJ, Iyogi K, Izmaylov A, Jacob A, Jamieson B, Johnson RA, Jo JH, Jonsson P, Jung CK, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Kanazawa Y, Karlen D, Karpikov I, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kielczewska D, Kikawa T, Kilinski A, Kim J, Kisiel J, Kitching P, Kobayashi T, Koch L, Kolaceke A, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Korzenev A, Koseki K, Koshio Y, Kreslo I, Kropp W, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kumaratunga S, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Lagoda J, Laihem K, Lamont I, Laveder M, Lawe M, Lazos M, Lee KP, Licciardi C, Lindner T, Lister C, Litchfield RP, Longhin A, Ludovici L, Macaire M, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Marino AD, Marteau J, Martin JF, Maruyama T, Marzec J, Mathie EL, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Mijakowski P, Miller CA, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Missert A, Miura M, Monfregola L, Moriyama S, Mueller TA, Murakami A, Murdoch M, Murphy S, Myslik J, Nagasaki T, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakai T, Nakamura K, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Naples D, Nielsen C, Nirkko M, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, O'Keeffe HM, Ohta R, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oryszczak W, Oser SM, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Palladino V, Paolone V, Payne D, Pearce GF, Perevozchikov O, Perkin JD, Petrov Y, Pickard LJ, Pinzon Guerra ES, Pistillo C, Plonski P, Poplawska E, Popov B, Posiadala M, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Przewlocki P, Quilain B, Radicioni E, Ratoff PN, Ravonel M, Rayner MAM, Redij A, Reeves M, Reinherz-Aronis E, Retiere F, Robert A, Rodrigues PA, Rojas P, Rondio E, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruterbories D, Sacco R, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Sato F, Scantamburlo E, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shiozawa M, Short S, Shustrov Y, Sinclair P, Smith B, Smith RJ, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Sorel M, Southwell L, Stamoulis P, Steinmann J, Still B, Suda Y, Suzuki A, Suzuki K, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Szeglowski T, Tacik R, Tada M, Takahashi S, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Tanaka MM, Terhorst D, Terri R, Thompson LF, Thorley A, Tobayama S, Toki W, Tomura T, Totsuka Y, Touramanis C, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Ueno K, Vacheret A, Vagins M, Vasseur G, Wachala T, Waldron AV, Walter CW, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilkes RJ, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Williamson Z, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wongjirad T, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yanagisawa C, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yuan T, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zambelli L, Zaremba K, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Zmuda J. Observation of electron neutrino appearance in a muon neutrino beam. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:061802. [PMID: 24580687 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.061802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The T2K experiment has observed electron neutrino appearance in a muon neutrino beam produced 295 km from the Super-Kamiokande detector with a peak energy of 0.6 GeV. A total of 28 electron neutrino events were detected with an energy distribution consistent with an appearance signal, corresponding to a significance of 7.3σ when compared to 4.92±0.55 expected background events. In the Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata mixing model, the electron neutrino appearance signal depends on several parameters including three mixing angles θ12, θ23, θ13, a mass difference Δm(32)(2) and a CP violating phase δ(CP). In this neutrino oscillation scenario, assuming |Δm(32)(2)|=2.4×10(-3) eV(2), sin(2)θ(23)=0.5, and Δm322>0 (Δm(32)(2)<0), a best-fit value of sin(2)2θ(13)=0.140(-0.032)(+0.038) (0.170(-0.037)(+0.045)) is obtained at δ(CP)=0. When combining the result with the current best knowledge of oscillation parameters including the world average value of θ(13) from reactor experiments, some values of δ(CP) are disfavored at the 90% C.L.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Adam
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - H Aihara
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Akiri
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - C Andreopoulos
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - S Aoki
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - A Ariga
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Ariga
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Assylbekov
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - D Autiero
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - M Barbi
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - G J Barker
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - G Barr
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Bass
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - M Batkiewicz
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - F Bay
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S W Bentham
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - V Berardi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - B E Berger
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - S Berkman
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - I Bertram
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - S Bhadra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - F D M Blaszczyk
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - A Blondel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Bojechko
- University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S Bordoni
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - S B Boyd
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - D Brailsford
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Bravar
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - C Bronner
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - N Buchanan
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - R G Calland
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - S L Cartwright
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - R Castillo
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - M G Catanesi
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - A Cervera
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - D Cherdack
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - G Christodoulou
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - A Clifton
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - J Coleman
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S J Coleman
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - K Connolly
- University of Washington, Department of Physics, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - L Cremonesi
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Dabrowska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - I Danko
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - R Das
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - S Davis
- University of Washington, Department of Physics, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - P de Perio
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - G De Rosa
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - T Dealtry
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom and STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - S R Dennis
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom and University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - C Densham
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Di Luise
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - O Drapier
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - T Duboyski
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Duffy
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - F Dufour
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J Dumarchez
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - S Dytman
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - M Dziewiecki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Emery
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Ereditato
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - L Escudero
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - A J Finch
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - L Floetotto
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - M Friend
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Fujii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Fukuda
- Miyagi University of Education, Department of Physics, Sendai, Japan
| | - A P Furmanski
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - V Galymov
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Gaudin
- University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S Giffin
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - C Giganti
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - K Gilje
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - D Goeldi
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - T Golan
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - M Gonin
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - N Grant
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - D Gudin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - D R Hadley
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Haesler
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M D Haigh
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - P Hamilton
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Hansen
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - T Hara
- Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - M Hartz
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - N C Hastings
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Y Hayato
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - C Hearty
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R L Helmer
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Hierholzer
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - J Hignight
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A Hillairet
- University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Himmel
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - T Hiraki
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Hirota
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - J Holeczek
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - S Horikawa
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Huang
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A K Ichikawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Ieki
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Ieva
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - M Ikeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - J Imber
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - J Insler
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - T J Irvine
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Ishida
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Ishii
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - S J Ives
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Iyogi
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Izmaylov
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain and Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Jacob
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - B Jamieson
- University of Winnipeg, Department of Physics, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - R A Johnson
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J H Jo
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - P Jonsson
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - C K Jung
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - A C Kaboth
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Kajita
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - H Kakuno
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Kameda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Kanazawa
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - D Karlen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - I Karpikov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - E Kearns
- Boston University, Department of Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Khabibullin
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Khotjantsev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Kielczewska
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kikawa
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Kilinski
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Kim
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J Kisiel
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - P Kitching
- University of Alberta, Centre for Particle Physics, Department of Physics, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - T Kobayashi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - L Koch
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Kolaceke
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - A Konaka
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L L Kormos
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - A Korzenev
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Koseki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Koshio
- Okayama University, Department of Physics, Okayama, Japan
| | - I Kreslo
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - W Kropp
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - H Kubo
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Kudenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - R Kurjata
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Kutter
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - J Lagoda
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Laihem
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - I Lamont
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Laveder
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - M Lawe
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - M Lazos
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K P Lee
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - C Licciardi
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - T Lindner
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C Lister
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - R P Litchfield
- University of Warwick, Department of Physics, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - A Longhin
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - L Ludovici
- INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy
| | - M Macaire
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - L Magaletti
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - K Mahn
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Malek
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Manly
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - A D Marino
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - J Marteau
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IPN Lyon (IN2P3), Villeurbanne, France
| | - J F Martin
- University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - T Maruyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - J Marzec
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E L Mathie
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - V Matveev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - K Mavrokoridis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - M McCarthy
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N McCauley
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - K S McFarland
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - C McGrew
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - C Metelko
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Mezzetto
- INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy
| | - P Mijakowski
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - C A Miller
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Minamino
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - O Mineev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - S Mine
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - A Missert
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Miura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - L Monfregola
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - S Moriyama
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Th A Mueller
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - A Murakami
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Murdoch
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S Murphy
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Myslik
- University of Victoria, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T Nagasaki
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Nakadaira
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Nakahata
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Nakai
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Nakamura
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - S Nakayama
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Nakaya
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Nakayoshi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - D Naples
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - C Nielsen
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Nirkko
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - K Nishikawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Nishimura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - H M O'Keeffe
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - R Ohta
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Okumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Research Center for Cosmic Neutrinos, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - T Okusawa
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - W Oryszczak
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S M Oser
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - R A Owen
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Oyama
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - V Palladino
- INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy
| | - V Paolone
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - D Payne
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - G F Pearce
- STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - O Perevozchikov
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - J D Perkin
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Y Petrov
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - L J Pickard
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - E S Pinzon Guerra
- York University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Pistillo
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Plonski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E Poplawska
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - B Popov
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - M Posiadala
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Physics, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - P Przewlocki
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Quilain
- Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France
| | - E Radicioni
- INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy
| | - P N Ratoff
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - M Ravonel
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M A M Rayner
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Redij
- University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Reeves
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - E Reinherz-Aronis
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - F Retiere
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Robert
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - P A Rodrigues
- University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - P Rojas
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - E Rondio
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - S Roth
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - A Rubbia
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D Ruterbories
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - R Sacco
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Sakashita
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - F Sánchez
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - F Sato
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - E Scantamburlo
- University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K Scholberg
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - J Schwehr
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - M Scott
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Y Seiya
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Sekiguchi
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - H Sekiya
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - D Sgalaberna
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Shiozawa
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - S Short
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Shustrov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - P Sinclair
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - B Smith
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J Smith
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Smy
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA
| | - J T Sobczyk
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - H Sobel
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Sorel
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - L Southwell
- Lancaster University, Physics Department, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - P Stamoulis
- IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain
| | - J Steinmann
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - B Still
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Y Suda
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - K Suzuki
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Y Suzuki
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Suzuki
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - T Szeglowski
- University of Silesia, Institute of Physics, Katowice, Poland
| | - R Tacik
- University of Regina, Department of Physics, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada and TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Tada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - S Takahashi
- Kyoto University, Department of Physics, Kyoto, Japan
| | - A Takeda
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan and Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - H K Tanaka
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - H A Tanaka
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M M Tanaka
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - D Terhorst
- RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
| | - R Terri
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - L F Thompson
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - A Thorley
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - S Tobayama
- University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - W Toki
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - T Tomura
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - Y Totsuka
- University of Alberta, Centre for Particle Physics, Department of Physics, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada and University of Bern, Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics, Laboratory for High Energy Physics (LHEP), Bern, Switzerland and Boston University, Department of Physics, Boston, Massachusetts, USA and University of British Columbia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA and IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France and University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA and Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA and Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA and Ecole Polytechnique, IN2P3-CNRS, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Palaiseau, France and ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics, Zurich, Switzerland and University of Geneva, Section de Physique, DPNC, Geneva, Switzerland and H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland and High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan and Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies (IFAE), Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain and IFIC (CSIC and University of Valencia), Valencia, Spain and Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom and INFN Sezione di Bari and Università e Politecnico di Bari, Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica, Bari, Italy and INFN Sezione di Napoli and Università di Napoli, Dipartimento di Fisica, Napoli, Italy and INFN Sezione di Padova and Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica, Padova, Italy and INFN Sezione di Roma and Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy and Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Ch
| | - C Touramanis
- University of Liverpool, Department of Physics, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - T Tsukamoto
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M Tzanov
- Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Y Uchida
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Ueno
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - A Vacheret
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M Vagins
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Irvine, California, USA and Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - G Vasseur
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Wachala
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - A V Waldron
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - C W Walter
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - D Wark
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom and STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - M O Wascko
- Imperial College London, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Weber
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom and STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, and Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, United Kingdom
| | - R Wendell
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
| | - R J Wilkes
- University of Washington, Department of Physics, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - C Wilkinson
- University of Sheffield, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Z Williamson
- Oxford University, Department of Physics, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J R Wilson
- Queen Mary University of London, School of Physics and Astronomy, London, United Kingdom
| | - R J Wilson
- Colorado State University, Department of Physics, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - T Wongjirad
- Duke University, Department of Physics, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Y Yamada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Osaka City University, Department of Physics, Osaka, Japan
| | - C Yanagisawa
- State University of New York at Stony Brook, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - S Yen
- TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Yershov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Yokoyama
- University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Yuan
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - A Zalewska
- H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow, Poland
| | - J Zalipska
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Zambelli
- UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies (LPNHE), Paris, France
| | - K Zaremba
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Ziembicki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E D Zimmerman
- University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Physics, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - M Zito
- IRFU, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Zmuda
- Wroclaw University, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Wroclaw, Poland
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Wilson RJ, Jose RJ, Barabas M, Marshall H, Cohen JM, Sapey E, Baxendale H, Brown JS. P238 Role of naturally-acquired IgG in protection from S. pneumoniae lung infection. Thorax 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204457.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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39
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Abe K, Adam J, Aihara H, Akiri T, Andreopoulos C, Aoki S, Ariga A, Ariga T, Assylbekov S, Autiero D, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Bass M, Batkiewicz M, Bay F, Bentham SW, Berardi V, Berger BE, Berkman S, Bertram I, Bhadra S, Blaszczyk FDM, Blondel A, Bojechko C, Bordoni S, Boyd SB, Brailsford D, Bravar A, Bronner C, Buchanan N, Calland RG, Caravaca Rodríguez J, Cartwright SL, Castillo R, Catanesi MG, Cervera A, Cherdack D, Christodoulou G, Clifton A, Coleman J, Coleman SJ, Collazuol G, Connolly K, Cremonesi L, Curioni A, Dabrowska A, Danko I, Das R, Davis S, de Perio P, De Rosa G, Dealtry T, Dennis SR, Densham C, Di Lodovico F, Di Luise S, Drapier O, Duboyski T, Duffy K, Dufour F, Dumarchez J, Dytman S, Dziewiecki M, Emery S, Ereditato A, Escudero L, Finch AJ, Frank E, Friend M, Fujii Y, Fukuda Y, Furmanski AP, Galymov V, Gaudin A, Giffin S, Giganti C, Gilje K, Golan T, Gomez-Cadenas JJ, Gonin M, Grant N, Gudin D, Hadley DR, Haesler A, Haigh MD, Hamilton P, Hansen D, Hara T, Hartz M, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hayato Y, Hearty C, Helmer RL, Hierholzer M, Hignight J, Hillairet A, Himmel A, Hiraki T, Hirota S, Holeczek J, Horikawa S, Huang K, Ichikawa AK, Ieki K, Ieva M, Ikeda M, Imber J, Insler J, Irvine TJ, Ishida T, Ishii T, Ives SJ, Iyogi K, Izmaylov A, Jacob A, Jamieson B, Johnson RA, Jo JH, Jonsson P, Joo KK, Jung CK, Kaboth AC, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Kanazawa Y, Karlen D, Karpikov I, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khotjantsev A, Kielczewska D, Kikawa T, Kilinski A, Kim J, Kim SB, Kisiel J, Kitching P, Kobayashi T, Kogan G, Kolaceke A, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Korzenev A, Koseki K, Koshio Y, Kreslo I, Kropp W, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kumaratunga S, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Lagoda J, Laihem K, Laveder M, Lawe M, Lazos M, Lee KP, Licciardi C, Lim IT, Lindner T, Lister C, Litchfield RP, Longhin A, Lopez GD, Ludovici L, Macaire M, Magaletti L, Mahn K, Malek M, Manly S, Marino AD, Marteau J, Martin JF, Maruyama T, Marzec J, Masliah P, Mathie EL, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCarthy M, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, Metelko C, Mijakowski P, Miller CA, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Missert A, Miura M, Monfregola L, Moriyama S, Mueller TA, Murakami A, Murdoch M, Murphy S, Myslik J, Nagasaki T, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakai T, Nakamura K, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Nakayoshi K, Naples D, Nielsen C, Nirkko M, Nishikawa K, Nishimura Y, O'Keeffe HM, Ohta R, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oryszczak W, Oser SM, Otani M, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Pac MY, Palladino V, Paolone V, Payne D, Pearce GF, Perevozchikov O, Perkin JD, Petrov Y, Pinzon Guerra ES, Pistillo C, Plonski P, Poplawska E, Popov B, Posiadala M, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Przewlocki P, Quilain B, Radicioni E, Ratoff PN, Ravonel M, Rayner MAM, Redij A, Reeves M, Reinherz-Aronis E, Retiere F, Robert A, Rodrigues PA, Rondio E, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruterbories D, Sacco R, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Sato F, Scantamburlo E, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Sgalaberna D, Shiozawa M, Short S, Shustrov Y, Sinclair P, Smith B, Smith RJ, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Sorel M, Southwell L, Stamoulis P, Steinmann J, Still B, Suda Y, Suzuki A, Suzuki K, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Szeglowski T, Tacik R, Tada M, Takahashi S, Takeda A, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka HK, Tanaka HA, Tanaka MM, Taylor IJ, Terhorst D, Terri R, Thompson LF, Thorley A, Tobayama S, Toki W, Tomura T, Totsuka Y, Touramanis C, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Ueno K, Vacheret A, Vagins M, Vasseur G, Wachala T, Waldron AV, Walter CW, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, Wilkes RJ, Wilking MJ, Wilkinson C, Williamson Z, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wongjirad T, Yamada Y, Yamamoto K, Yanagisawa C, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Yuan T, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zambelli L, Zaremba K, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Zmuda J. Measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters from muon neutrino disappearance with an off-axis beam. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:211803. [PMID: 24313479 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.211803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The T2K Collaboration reports a precision measurement of muon neutrino disappearance with an off-axis neutrino beam with a peak energy of 0.6 GeV. Near detector measurements are used to constrain the neutrino flux and cross section parameters. The Super-Kamiokande far detector, which is 295 km downstream of the neutrino production target, collected data corresponding to 3.01×10(20) protons on target. In the absence of neutrino oscillations, 205±17 (syst) events are expected to be detected while only 58 muon neutrino event candidates are observed. A fit to the neutrino rate and energy spectrum, assuming three neutrino flavors and normal mass hierarchy yields a best-fit mixing angle sin2(θ23)=0.514±0.082 and mass splitting |Δm(32)(2)|=2.44(-0.15)(+0.17)×10(-3) eV2/c4. Our result corresponds to the maximal oscillation disappearance probability.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
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Abe K, Abgrall N, Ajima Y, Aihara H, Albert JB, Andreopoulos C, Andrieu B, Aoki S, Araoka O, Argyriades J, Ariga A, Ariga T, Assylbekov S, Autiero D, Badertscher A, Barbi M, Barker GJ, Barr G, Bass M, Bay F, Bentham S, Berardi V, Berger BE, Bertram I, Besnier M, Beucher J, Beznosko D, Bhadra S, Blaszczyk FDMM, Blondel A, Bojechko C, Bouchez J, Boyd SB, Bravar A, Bronner C, Brook-Roberge DG, Buchanan N, Budd H, Calvet D, Cartwright SL, Carver A, Castillo R, Catanesi MG, Cazes A, Cervera A, Chavez C, Choi S, Christodoulou G, Coleman J, Coleman W, Collazuol G, Connolly K, Curioni A, Dabrowska A, Danko I, Das R, Davies GS, Davis S, Day M, De Rosa G, de André JPAM, de Perio P, Delbart A, Densham C, Di Lodovico F, Di Luise S, Dinh Tran P, Dobson J, Dore U, Drapier O, Dufour F, Dumarchez J, Dytman S, Dziewiecki M, Dziomba M, Emery S, Ereditato A, Escudero L, Esposito LS, Fechner M, Ferrero A, Finch AJ, Frank E, Fujii Y, Fukuda Y, Galymov V, Gannaway FC, Gaudin A, Gendotti A, George MA, Giffin S, Giganti C, Gilje K, Golan T, Goldhaber M, Gomez-Cadenas JJ, Gonin M, Grant N, Grant A, Gumplinger P, Guzowski P, Haesler A, Haigh MD, Hamano K, Hansen C, Hansen D, Hara T, Harrison PF, Hartfiel B, Hartz M, Haruyama T, Hasegawa T, Hastings NC, Hastings S, Hatzikoutelis A, Hayashi K, Hayato Y, Hearty C, Helmer RL, Henderson R, Higashi N, Hignight J, Hirose E, Holeczek J, Horikawa S, Hyndman A, Ichikawa AK, Ieki K, Ieva M, Iida M, Ikeda M, Ilic J, Imber J, Ishida T, Ishihara C, Ishii T, Ives SJ, Iwasaki M, Iyogi K, Izmaylov A, Jamieson B, Johnson RA, Joo KK, Jover-Manas GV, Jung CK, Kaji H, Kajita T, Kakuno H, Kameda J, Kaneyuki K, Karlen D, Kasami K, Kato I, Kearns E, Khabibullin M, Khanam F, Khotjantsev A, Kielczewska D, Kikawa T, Kim J, Kim JY, Kim SB, Kimura N, Kirby B, Kisiel J, Kitching P, Kobayashi T, Kogan G, Koike S, Konaka A, Kormos LL, Korzenev A, Koseki K, Koshio Y, Kouzuma Y, Kowalik K, Kravtsov V, Kreslo I, Kropp W, Kubo H, Kudenko Y, Kulkarni N, Kurjata R, Kutter T, Lagoda J, Laihem K, Laveder M, Lee KP, Le PT, Levy JM, Licciardi C, Lim IT, Lindner T, Litchfield RP, Litos M, Longhin A, Lopez GD, Loverre PF, Ludovici L, Lux T, Macaire M, Mahn K, Makida Y, Malek M, Manly S, Marchionni A, Marino AD, Marteau J, Martin JF, Maruyama T, Maryon T, Marzec J, Masliah P, Mathie EL, Matsumura C, Matsuoka K, Matveev V, Mavrokoridis K, Mazzucato E, McCauley N, McFarland KS, McGrew C, McLachlan T, Messina M, Metcalf W, Metelko C, Mezzetto M, Mijakowski P, Miller CA, Minamino A, Mineev O, Mine S, Missert AD, Mituka G, Miura M, Mizouchi K, Monfregola L, Moreau F, Morgan B, Moriyama S, Muir A, Murakami A, Murdoch M, Murphy S, Myslik J, Nakadaira T, Nakahata M, Nakai T, Nakajima K, Nakamoto T, Nakamura K, Nakayama S, Nakaya T, Naples D, Navin ML, Nelson B, Nicholls TC, Nishikawa K, Nishino H, Nowak JA, Noy M, Obayashi Y, Ogitsu T, Ohhata H, Okamura T, Okumura K, Okusawa T, Oser SM, Otani M, Owen RA, Oyama Y, Ozaki T, Pac MY, Palladino V, Paolone V, Paul P, Payne D, Pearce GF, Perkin JD, Pettinacci V, Pierre F, Poplawska E, Popov B, Posiadala M, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Przewlocki P, Qian W, Raaf JL, Radicioni E, Ratoff PN, Raufer TM, Ravonel M, Raymond M, Retiere F, Robert A, Rodrigues PA, Rondio E, Roney JM, Rossi B, Roth S, Rubbia A, Ruterbories D, Sabouri S, Sacco R, Sakashita K, Sánchez F, Sarrat A, Sasaki K, Scholberg K, Schwehr J, Scott M, Scully DI, Seiya Y, Sekiguchi T, Sekiya H, Shibata M, Shimizu Y, Shiozawa M, Short S, Siyad M, Smith RJ, Smy M, Sobczyk JT, Sobel H, Sorel M, Stahl A, Stamoulis P, Steinmann J, Still B, Stone J, Strabel C, Sulak LR, Sulej R, Sutcliffe P, Suzuki A, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Suzuki SY, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Szeglowski T, Szeptycka M, Tacik R, Tada M, Takahashi S, Takeda A, Takenaga Y, Takeuchi Y, Tanaka K, Tanaka HA, Tanaka M, Tanaka MM, Tanimoto N, Tashiro K, Taylor I, Terashima A, Terhorst D, Terri R, Thompson LF, Thorley A, Toki W, Tomaru T, Totsuka Y, Touramanis C, Tsukamoto T, Tzanov M, Uchida Y, Ueno K, Vacheret A, Vagins M, Vasseur G, Wachala T, Walding JJ, Waldron AV, Walter CW, Wanderer PJ, Wang J, Ward MA, Ward GP, Wark D, Wascko MO, Weber A, Wendell R, West N, Whitehead LH, Wikström G, Wilkes RJ, Wilking MJ, Wilson JR, Wilson RJ, Wongjirad T, Yamada S, Yamada Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto K, Yamanoi Y, Yamaoka H, Yanagisawa C, Yano T, Yen S, Yershov N, Yokoyama M, Zalewska A, Zalipska J, Zambelli L, Zaremba K, Ziembicki M, Zimmerman ED, Zito M, Żmuda J. Indication of electron neutrino appearance from an accelerator-produced off-axis muon neutrino beam. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:041801. [PMID: 21866992 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.041801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The T2K experiment observes indications of ν(μ) → ν(e) appearance in data accumulated with 1.43×10(20) protons on target. Six events pass all selection criteria at the far detector. In a three-flavor neutrino oscillation scenario with |Δm(23)(2)| = 2.4×10(-3) eV(2), sin(2)2θ(23) = 1 and sin(2)2θ(13) = 0, the expected number of such events is 1.5±0.3(syst). Under this hypothesis, the probability to observe six or more candidate events is 7×10(-3), equivalent to 2.5σ significance. At 90% C.L., the data are consistent with 0.03(0.04) < sin(2)2θ(13) < 0.28(0.34) for δ(CP) = 0 and a normal (inverted) hierarchy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Abe
- University of Tokyo, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, Kamioka Observatory, Kamioka, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Wilson
- Department of Anthropology, The University of Tennessee, 250 South Stadium Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996-0720, USA.
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Abstract
Despite decades of studying muscle glycogen in many metabolic situations, surprisingly little is known regarding its regulation. Glycogen is a dynamic and vital metabolic fuel that has very limited energetic capacity. Thus its regulation is highly complex and multifaceted. The stores in muscle are not homogeneous and there appear to be various metabolic pools. Each granule is capable of independent regulation and fundamental aspects of the regulation appear to be associated with a complex set of proteins (some are enzymes and others serve scaffolding roles) that associate both with the granule and with each other in a dynamic fashion. The regulation includes altered phosphorylation status and often translocation as well. The understanding of the roles and the regulation of glycogenin, protein phosphatase 1, glycogen targeting proteins, laforin and malin are in their infancy. These various processes appear to be the mechanisms that give the glycogen granule precise, yet dynamic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Graham
- Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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Aubert B, Karyotakis Y, Lees JP, Poireau V, Prencipe E, Prudent X, Tisserand V, Garra Tico J, Grauges E, Martinelli M, Palano A, Pappagallo M, Eigen G, Stugu B, Sun L, Battaglia M, Brown DN, Kerth LT, Kolomensky YG, Lynch G, Osipenkov IL, Tackmann K, Tanabe T, Hawkes CM, Soni N, Watson AT, Koch H, Schroeder T, Asgeirsson DJ, Fulsom BG, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, Barrett M, Khan A, Randle-Conde A, Blinov VE, Bukin AD, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Bondioli M, Curry S, Eschrich I, Kirkby D, Lankford AJ, Lund P, Mandelkern M, Martin EC, Stoker DP, Atmacan H, Gary JW, Liu F, Long O, Vitug GM, Yasin Z, Sharma V, Campagnari C, Hong TM, Kovalskyi D, Mazur MA, Richman JD, Beck TW, Eisner AM, Heusch CA, Kroseberg J, Lockman WS, Martinez AJ, Schalk T, Schumm BA, Seiden A, Wang L, Winstrom LO, Cheng CH, Doll DA, Echenard B, Fang F, Hitlin DG, Narsky I, Ongmongkolkul P, Piatenko T, Porter FC, Andreassen R, Mancinelli G, Meadows BT, Mishra K, Sokoloff MD, Bloom PC, Ford WT, Gaz A, Hirschauer JF, Nagel M, Nauenberg U, Smith JG, Wagner SR, Ayad R, Toki WH, Wilson RJ, Feltresi E, Hauke A, Jasper H, Karbach TM, Merkel J, Petzold A, Spaan B, Wacker K, Kobel MJ, Nogowski R, Schubert KR, Schwierz R, Bernard D, Latour E, Verderi M, Clark PJ, Playfer S, Watson JE, Andreotti M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cecchi A, Cibinetto G, Fioravanti E, Franchini P, Luppi E, Munerato M, Negrini M, Petrella A, Piemontese L, Santoro V, Baldini-Ferroli R, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Pacetti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rama M, Zallo A, Contri R, Guido E, Lo Vetere M, Monge MR, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Robutti E, Tosi S, Chaisanguanthum KS, Morii M, Adametz A, Marks J, Schenk S, Uwer U, Bernlochner FU, Klose V, Lacker HM, Lueck T, Volk A, Bard DJ, Dauncey PD, Tibbetts M, Behera PK, Charles MJ, Mallik U, Cochran J, Crawley HB, Dong L, Eyges V, Meyer WT, Prell S, Rosenberg EI, Rubin AE, Gao YY, Gritsan AV, Guo ZJ, Arnaud N, Béquilleux J, D'Orazio A, Davier M, Derkach D, Firmino da Costa J, Grosdidier G, Le Diberder F, Lepeltier V, Lutz AM, Malaescu B, Pruvot S, Roudeau P, Schune MH, Serrano J, Sordini V, Stocchi A, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Bingham I, Burke JP, Chavez CA, Fry JR, Gabathuler E, Gamet R, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Clarke CK, Di Lodovico F, Sacco R, Sigamani M, Cowan G, Paramesvaran S, Wren AC, Brown DN, Davis CL, Denig AG, Fritsch M, Gradl W, Hafner A, Alwyn KE, Bailey D, Barlow RJ, Jackson G, Lafferty GD, West TJ, Yi JI, Anderson J, Chen C, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Simi G, Tuggle JM, Dallapiccola C, Salvati E, Cowan R, Dujmic D, Fisher PH, Henderson SW, Sciolla G, Spitznagel M, Yamamoto RK, Zhao M, Patel PM, Robertson SH, Schram M, Biassoni P, Lazzaro A, Lombardo V, Palombo F, Stracka S, Cremaldi L, Godang R, Kroeger R, Sonnek P, Summers DJ, Zhao HW, Simard M, Taras P, Nicholson H, De Nardo G, Lista L, Monorchio D, Onorato G, Sciacca C, Raven G, Snoek HL, Jessop CP, Knoepfel KJ, LoSecco JM, Wang WF, Corwin LA, Honscheid K, Kagan H, Kass R, Morris JP, Rahimi AM, Sekula SJ, Wong QK, Blount NL, Brau J, Frey R, Igonkina O, Kolb JA, Lu M, Rahmat R, Sinev NB, Strom D, Strube J, Torrence E, Castelli G, Gagliardi N, Margoni M, Morandin M, Posocco M, Rotondo M, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Voci C, Del Amo Sanchez P, Ben-Haim E, Bonneaud GR, Briand H, Chauveau J, Hamon O, Leruste P, Marchiori G, Ocariz J, Perez A, Prendki J, Sitt S, Gladney L, Biasini M, Manoni E, Angelini C, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Calderini G, Carpinelli M, Cervelli A, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Morganti M, Neri N, Paoloni E, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Lopes Pegna D, Lu C, Olsen J, Smith AJS, Telnov AV, Anulli F, Baracchini E, Cavoto G, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Gaspero M, Jackson PD, Gioi LL, Mazzoni MA, Morganti S, Piredda G, Renga F, Voena C, Ebert M, Hartmann T, Schröder H, Waldi R, Adye T, Franek B, Olaiya EO, Wilson FF, Emery S, Esteve L, Hamel de Monchenault G, Kozanecki W, Vasseur G, Yèche C, Zito M, Allen MT, Aston D, Bartoldus R, Benitez JF, Cenci R, Coleman JP, Convery MR, Dingfelder JC, Dorfan J, Dubois-Felsmann GP, Dunwoodie W, Field RC, Franco Sevilla M, Gabareen AM, Graham MT, Grenier P, Hast C, Innes WR, Kaminski J, Kelsey MH, Kim H, Kim P, Kocian ML, Leith DWGS, Li S, Lindquist B, Luitz S, Luth V, Lynch HL, Macfarlane DB, Marsiske H, Messner R, Muller DR, Neal H, Nelson S, O'Grady CP, Ofte I, Perl M, Ratcliff BN, Roodman A, Salnikov AA, Schindler RH, Schwiening J, Snyder A, Su D, Sullivan MK, Suzuki K, Swain SK, Thompson JM, Va'vra J, Wagner AP, Weaver M, West CA, Wisniewski WJ, Wittgen M, Wright DH, Wulsin HW, Yarritu AK, Young CC, Ziegler V, Chen XR, Liu H, Park W, Purohit MV, White RM, Wilson JR, Bellis M, Burchat PR, Edwards AJ, Miyashita TS, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Ernst JA, Pan B, Saeed MA, Zain SB, Soffer A, Spanier SM, Wogsland BJ, Eckmann R, Ritchie JL, Ruland AM, Schilling CJ, Schwitters RF, Wray BC, Drummond BW, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, Gamba D, Pelliccioni M, Bomben M, Bosisio L, Cartaro C, Della Ricca G, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Azzolini V, Lopez-March N, Martinez-Vidal F, Milanes DA, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Banerjee S, Bhuyan B, Choi HHF, Hamano K, King GJ, Kowalewski R, Lewczuk MJ, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Ilic J, Latham TE, Mohanty GB, Puccio EMT, Band HR, Chen X, Dasu S, Flood KT, Pan Y, Prepost R, Vuosalo CO, Wu SL. Measurements of charged current lepton universality and |Vus| using tau lepton decays to e- ν(e) ν(τ), μ- ν(μ) ν(τ), π- ν(τ), and K- ν(τ). Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:051602. [PMID: 20867905 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.051602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Using 467 fb(-1) of e+e- annihilation data collected with the BABAR detector, we measure (B(τ- → μ- ν(μ) ν(τ)))/(B(τ- → e- ν(e) ν(τ))) =(0.9796±0.0016±0.0036), (B(τ- → π- ν(τ)))/(B(τ- → e- ν(e) ν(τ))) = (0.5945±0.0014±0.0061), and (B(τ- → K- ν(τ)))/(B(τ- → e- ν(e) ν(τ))) = (0.03882±0.00032±0.00057), where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. From these precision τ measurements, we test the standard model assumption of μ-e and τ-μ charge current lepton universality and provide determinations of |Vus| experimentally independent of the decay of a kaon.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Aubert
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
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Aubert B, Karyotakis Y, Lees JP, Poireau V, Prencipe E, Prudent X, Tisserand V, Garra Tico J, Grauges E, Martinelli M, Palano A, Pappagallo M, Eigen G, Stugu B, Sun L, Battaglia M, Brown DN, Kerth LT, Kolomensky YG, Lynch G, Osipenkov IL, Tackmann K, Tanabe T, Hawkes CM, Soni N, Watson AT, Koch H, Schroeder T, Asgeirsson DJ, Fulsom BG, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, Barrett M, Khan A, Randle-Conde A, Blinov VE, Bukin AD, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Bondioli M, Curry S, Eschrich I, Kirkby D, Lankford AJ, Lund P, Mandelkern M, Martin EC, Stoker DP, Atmacan H, Gary JW, Liu F, Long O, Vitug GM, Yasin Z, Zhang L, Sharma V, Campagnari C, Hong TM, Kovalskyi D, Mazur MA, Richman JD, Beck TW, Eisner AM, Heusch CA, Kroseberg J, Lockman WS, Martinez AJ, Schalk T, Schumm BA, Seiden A, Wang L, Winstrom LO, Cheng CH, Doll DA, Echenard B, Fang F, Hitlin DG, Narsky I, Piatenko T, Porter FC, Andreassen R, Mancinelli G, Meadows BT, Mishra K, Sokoloff MD, Bloom PC, Ford WT, Gaz A, Hirschauer JF, Nagel M, Nauenberg U, Smith JG, Wagner SR, Ayad R, Toki WH, Wilson RJ, Feltresi E, Hauke A, Jasper H, Karbach TM, Merkel J, Petzold A, Spaan B, Wacker K, Kobel MJ, Nogowski R, Schubert KR, Schwierz R, Volk A, Bernard D, Latour E, Verderi M, Clark PJ, Playfer S, Watson JE, Andreotti M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cecchi A, Cibinetto G, Fioravanti E, Franchini P, Luppi E, Munerato M, Negrini M, Petrella A, Piemontese L, Santoro V, Baldini-Ferroli R, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Pacetti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rama M, Zallo A, Contri R, Guido E, Lo Vetere M, Monge MR, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Robutti E, Tosi S, Chaisanguanthum KS, Morii M, Adametz A, Marks J, Schenk S, Uwer U, Bernlochner FU, Klose V, Lacker HM, Bard DJ, Dauncey PD, Tibbetts M, Behera PK, Charles MJ, Mallik U, Cochran J, Crawley HB, Dong L, Eyges V, Meyer WT, Prell S, Rosenberg EI, Rubin AE, Gao YY, Gritsan AV, Guo ZJ, Arnaud N, Béquilleux J, D'Orazio A, Davier M, Derkach D, da Costa JF, Grosdidier G, Le Diberder F, Lepeltier V, Lutz AM, Malaescu B, Pruvot S, Roudeau P, Schune MH, Serrano J, Sordini V, Stocchi A, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Bingham I, Burke JP, Chavez CA, Fry JR, Gabathuler E, Gamet R, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Clarke CK, Di Lodovico F, Sacco R, Sigamani M, Cowan G, Paramesvaran S, Wren AC, Brown DN, Davis CL, Denig AG, Fritsch M, Gradl W, Hafner A, Alwyn KE, Bailey D, Barlow RJ, Jackson G, Lafferty GD, West TJ, Yi JI, Anderson J, Chen C, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Simi G, Tuggle JM, Dallapiccola C, Salvati E, Saremi S, Cowan R, Dujmic D, Fisher PH, Henderson SW, Sciolla G, Spitznagel M, Yamamoto RK, Zhao M, Patel PM, Robertson SH, Schram M, Lazzaro A, Lombardo V, Palombo F, Stracka S, Bauer JM, Cremaldi L, Godang R, Kroeger R, Sonnek P, Summers DJ, Zhao HW, Simard M, Taras P, Nicholson H, De Nardo G, Lista L, Monorchio D, Onorato G, Sciacca C, Raven G, Snoek HL, Jessop CP, Knoepfel KJ, LoSecco JM, Wang WF, Corwin LA, Honscheid K, Kagan H, Kass R, Morris JP, Rahimi AM, Regensburger JJ, Sekula SJ, Wong QK, Blount NL, Brau J, Frey R, Igonkina O, Kolb JA, Lu M, Rahmat R, Sinev NB, Strom D, Strube J, Torrence E, Castelli G, Gagliardi N, Margoni M, Morandin M, Posocco M, Rotondo M, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Voci C, Sanchez PDA, Ben-Haim E, Bonneaud GR, Briand H, Chauveau J, Hamon O, Leruste P, Marchiori G, Ocariz J, Perez A, Prendki J, Sitt S, Gladney L, Biasini M, Manoni E, Angelini C, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Calderini G, Carpinelli M, Cervelli A, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Morganti M, Neri N, Paoloni E, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Pegna DL, Lu C, Olsen J, Smith AJS, Telnov AV, Anulli F, Baracchini E, Cavoto G, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Gaspero M, Jackson PD, Gioi LL, Mazzoni MA, Morganti S, Piredda G, Renga F, Voena C, Ebert M, Hartmann T, Schröder H, Waldi R, Adye T, Franek B, Olaiya EO, Wilson FF, Emery S, Esteve L, de Monchenault GH, Kozanecki W, Vasseur G, Yèche C, Zito M, Allen MT, Aston D, Bartoldus R, Benitez JF, Cenci R, Coleman JP, Convery MR, Dingfelder JC, Dorfan J, Dubois-Felsmann GP, Dunwoodie W, Field RC, Sevilla MF, Gabareen AM, Graham MT, Grenier P, Hast C, Innes WR, Kaminski J, Kelsey MH, Kim H, Kim P, Kocian ML, Leith DWGS, Li S, Lindquist B, Luitz S, Luth V, Lynch HL, MacFarlane DB, Marsiske H, Messner R, Muller DR, Neal H, Nelson S, O'Grady CP, Ofte I, Perl M, Ratcliff BN, Roodman A, Salnikov AA, Schindler RH, Schwiening J, Snyder A, Su D, Sullivan MK, Suzuki K, Swain SK, Thompson JM, Va'vra J, Wagner AP, Weaver M, West CA, Wisniewski WJ, Wittgen M, Wright DH, Wulsin HW, Yarritu AK, Young CC, Ziegler V, Chen XR, Liu H, Park W, Purohit MV, White RM, Wilson JR, Burchat PR, Edwards AJ, Miyashita TS, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Ernst JA, Pan B, Saeed MA, Zain SB, Soffer A, Spanier SM, Wogsland BJ, Eckmann R, Ritchie JL, Ruland AM, Schilling CJ, Schwitters RF, Wray BC, Drummond BW, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, Gamba D, Pelliccioni M, Bomben M, Bosisio L, Cartaro C, Della Ricca G, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Azzolini V, Lopez-March N, Martinez-Vidal F, Milanes DA, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Banerjee S, Bhuyan B, Choi HHF, Hamano K, King GJ, Kowalewski R, Lewczuk MJ, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Ilic J, Latham TE, Mohanty GB, Puccio EMT, Band HR, Chen X, Dasu S, Flood KT, Pan Y, Prepost R, Vuosalo CO, Wu SL. Measurement of |V(cb)| and the form-factor slope in B --> Dl- nu(l) decays in events tagged by a fully reconstructed B meson. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:011802. [PMID: 20366358 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.011802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present a measurement of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element |V(cb)| and the form-factor slope rho2 in B --> Dl- nu(l) decays based on 460x10(6) BB events recorded at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the BABAR detector. B --> Dl- nu(l) decays are selected in events in which a hadronic decay of the second B meson is fully reconstructed. We measure B(B- --> D0 l- nu(l))/B(B- --> Xl- nu(l)) = (0.255+/-0.009+/-0.009) and B(B0 --> D+ l- nu(l))/B(B0 --> Xl- nu(l)) = (0.230+/-0.011+/-0.011), along with the differential decay distribution in B --> Dl- nu(l) decays. We then determine G(1)|V(cb)| = (42.3+/-1.9+/-1.4)x10(-3) and rho2 = 1.20+/-0.09+/-0.04, where G(1) is the hadronic form factor at the point of zero recoil.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Aubert
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
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Aubert B, Karyotakis Y, Lees JP, Poireau V, Prencipe E, Prudent X, Tisserand V, Garra Tico J, Grauges E, Martinelli M, Palano A, Pappagallo M, Eigen G, Stugu B, Sun L, Battaglia M, Brown DN, Hooberman B, Kerth LT, Kolomensky YG, Lynch G, Osipenkov IL, Tackmann K, Tanabe T, Hawkes CM, Soni N, Watson AT, Koch H, Schroeder T, Asgeirsson DJ, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, Barrett M, Khan A, Randle-Conde A, Blinov VE, Bukin AD, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Bondioli M, Curry S, Eschrich I, Kirkby D, Lankford AJ, Lund P, Mandelkern M, Martin EC, Stoker DP, Atmacan H, Gary JW, Liu F, Long O, Vitug GM, Yasin Z, Sharma V, Campagnari C, Hong TM, Kovalskyi D, Mazur MA, Richman JD, Beck TW, Eisner AM, Heusch CA, Kroseberg J, Lockman WS, Martinez AJ, Schalk T, Schumm BA, Seiden A, Wang L, Winstrom LO, Cheng CH, Doll DA, Echenard B, Fang F, Hitlin DG, Narsky I, Ongmongkolkul P, Piatenko T, Porter FC, Andreassen R, Mancinelli G, Meadows BT, Mishra K, Sokoloff MD, Bloom PC, Ford WT, Gaz A, Hirschauer JF, Nagel M, Nauenberg U, Smith JG, Wagner SR, Ayad R, Toki WH, Wilson RJ, Feltresi E, Hauke A, Jasper H, Karbach TM, Merkel J, Petzold A, Spaan B, Wacker K, Kobel MJ, Nogowski R, Schubert KR, Schwierz R, Bernard D, Latour E, Verderi M, Clark PJ, Playfer S, Watson JE, Andreotti M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cecchi A, Cibinetto G, Fioravanti E, Franchini P, Luppi E, Munerato M, Negrini M, Petrella A, Piemontese L, Santoro V, Baldini-Ferroli R, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Pacetti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rama M, Zallo A, Contri R, Guido E, Lo Vetere M, Monge MR, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Robutti E, Tosi S, Chaisanguanthum KS, Morii M, Adametz A, Marks J, Schenk S, Uwer U, Bernlochner FU, Klose V, Lacker HM, Lueck T, Volk A, Bard DJ, Dauncey PD, Tibbetts M, Behera PK, Charles MJ, Mallik U, Cochran J, Crawley HB, Dong L, Eyges V, Meyer WT, Prell S, Rosenberg EI, Rubin AE, Gao YY, Gritsan AV, Guo ZJ, Arnaud N, Béquilleux J, D'Orazio A, Davier M, Derkach D, Firmino da Costa J, Grosdidier G, Le Diberder F, Lepeltier V, Lutz AM, Malaescu B, Pruvot S, Roudeau P, Schune MH, Serrano J, Sordini V, Stocchi A, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Bingham I, Burke JP, Chavez CA, Fry JR, Gabathuler E, Gamet R, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Clarke CK, Di Lodovico F, Sacco R, Sigamani M, Cowan G, Paramesvaran S, Wren AC, Brown DN, Davis CL, Denig AG, Fritsch M, Gradl W, Hafner A, Alwyn KE, Bailey D, Barlow RJ, Jackson G, Lafferty GD, West TJ, Yi JI, Anderson J, Chen C, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Simi G, Tuggle JM, Dallapiccola C, Salvati E, Cowan R, Dujmic D, Fisher PH, Henderson SW, Sciolla G, Spitznagel M, Yamamoto RK, Zhao M, Patel PM, Robertson SH, Schram M, Biassoni P, Lazzaro A, Lombardo V, Palombo F, Stracka S, Cremaldi L, Godang R, Kroeger R, Sonnek P, Summers DJ, Zhao HW, Simard M, Taras P, Nicholson H, De Nardo G, Lista L, Monorchio D, Onorato G, Sciacca C, Raven G, Snoek HL, Jessop CP, Knoepfel KJ, LoSecco JM, Wang WF, Corwin LA, Honscheid K, Kagan H, Kass R, Morris JP, Rahimi AM, Sekula SJ, Wong QK, Blount NL, Brau J, Frey R, Igonkina O, Kolb JA, Lu M, Rahmat R, Sinev NB, Strom D, Strube J, Torrence E, Castelli G, Gagliardi N, Margoni M, Morandin M, Posocco M, Rotondo M, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Voci C, del Amo Sanchez P, Ben-Haim E, Bonneaud GR, Briand H, Chauveau J, Hamon O, Leruste P, Marchiori G, Ocariz J, Perez A, Prendki J, Sitt S, Gladney L, Biasini M, Manoni E, Angelini C, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Calderini G, Carpinelli M, Cervelli A, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Morganti M, Neri N, Paoloni E, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Lopes Pegna D, Lu C, Olsen J, Smith AJS, Telnov AV, Anulli F, Baracchini E, Cavoto G, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Gaspero M, Jackson PD, Li Gioi L, Mazzoni MA, Morganti S, Piredda G, Renga F, Voena C, Ebert M, Hartmann T, Schröder H, Waldi R, Adye T, Franek B, Olaiya EO, Wilson FF, Emery S, Esteve L, Hamel de Monchenault G, Kozanecki W, Vasseur G, Yèche C, Zito M, Allen MT, Aston D, Bartoldus R, Benitez JF, Cenci R, Coleman JP, Convery MR, Dingfelder JC, Dorfan J, Dubois-Felsmann GP, Dunwoodie W, Field RC, Franco Sevilla M, Fulsom BG, Gabareen AM, Graham MT, Grenier P, Hast C, Innes WR, Kaminski J, Kelsey MH, Kim H, Kim P, Kocian ML, Leith DWGS, Li S, Lindquist B, Luitz S, Luth V, Lynch HL, MacFarlane DB, Marsiske H, Messner R, Muller DR, Neal H, Nelson S, O'Grady CP, Ofte I, Perl M, Ratcliff BN, Roodman A, Salnikov AA, Schindler RH, Schwiening J, Snyder A, Su D, Sullivan MK, Suzuki K, Swain SK, Thompson JM, Va'vra J, Wagner AP, Weaver M, West CA, Wisniewski WJ, Wittgen M, Wright DH, Wulsin HW, Yarritu AK, Young CC, Ziegler V, Chen XR, Liu H, Park W, Purohit MV, White RM, Wilson JR, Bellis M, Burchat PR, Edwards AJ, Miyashita TS, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Ernst JA, Pan B, Saeed MA, Zain SB, Soffer A, Spanier SM, Wogsland BJ, Eckmann R, Ritchie JL, Ruland AM, Schilling CJ, Schwitters RF, Wray BC, Drummond BW, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, Gamba D, Pelliccioni M, Bomben M, Bosisio L, Cartaro C, Della Ricca G, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Azzolini V, Lopez-March N, Martinez-Vidal F, Milanes DA, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Banerjee S, Bhuyan B, Choi HHF, Hamano K, King GJ, Kowalewski R, Lewczuk MJ, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Ilic J, Latham TE, Mohanty GB, Puccio EMT, Band HR, Chen X, Dasu S, Flood KT, Pan Y, Prepost R, Vuosalo CO, Wu SL. Search for invisible decays of the Upsilon(1S). Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:251801. [PMID: 20366249 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.251801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We search for invisible decays of the Upsilon(1S) meson using a sample of 91.4 x 10(6) Upsilon(3S) mesons collected at the BABAR/PEP-II B factory. We select events containing the decay Upsilon(3S) --> pi(+)pi(-)Upsilon(1S) and search for evidence of an undetectable Upsilon(1S) decay recoiling against the dipion system. We set an upper limit on the branching fraction B(Upsilon(1S) --> invisible) < 3.0 x 10(-4) at the 90% confidence level.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Aubert
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
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Aubert B, Karyotakis Y, Lees JP, Poireau V, Prencipe E, Prudent X, Tisserand V, Garra Tico J, Grauges E, Martinelli M, Palano A, Pappagallo M, Eigen G, Stugu B, Sun L, Battaglia M, Brown DN, Kerth LT, Kolomensky YG, Lynch G, Osipenkov IL, Tackmann K, Tanabe T, Hawkes CM, Soni N, Watson AT, Koch H, Schroeder T, Asgeirsson DJ, Fulsom BG, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, Barrett M, Khan A, Randle-Conde A, Blinov VE, Bukin AD, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Bondioli M, Curry S, Eschrich I, Kirkby D, Lankford AJ, Lund P, Mandelkern M, Martin EC, Stoker DP, Atmacan H, Gary JW, Liu F, Long O, Vitug GM, Yasin Z, Zhang L, Sharma V, Campagnari C, Hong TM, Kovalskyi D, Mazur MA, Richman JD, Beck TW, Eisner AM, Heusch CA, Kroseberg J, Lockman WS, Martinez AJ, Schalk T, Schumm BA, Seiden A, Wang L, Winstrom LO, Cheng CH, Doll DA, Echenard B, Fang F, Hitlin DG, Narsky I, Piatenko T, Porter FC, Andreassen R, Mancinelli G, Meadows BT, Mishra K, Sokoloff MD, Bloom PC, Ford WT, Gaz A, Hirschauer JF, Nagel M, Nauenberg U, Smith JG, Wagner SR, Ayad R, Toki WH, Wilson RJ, Feltresi E, Hauke A, Jasper H, Karbach TM, Merkel J, Petzold A, Spaan B, Wacker K, Kobel MJ, Nogowski R, Schubert KR, Schwierz R, Volk A, Bernard D, Latour E, Verderi M, Clark PJ, Playfer S, Watson JE, Andreotti M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cecchi A, Cibinetto G, Fioravanti E, Franchini P, Luppi E, Munerato M, Negrini M, Petrella A, Piemontese L, Santoro V, Baldini-Ferroli R, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Pacetti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rama M, Zallo A, Contri R, Guido E, Lo Vetere M, Monge MR, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Robutti E, Tosi S, Chaisanguanthum KS, Morii M, Adametz A, Marks J, Schenk S, Uwer U, Bernlochner FU, Klose V, Lacker HM, Bard DJ, Dauncey PD, Tibbetts M, Behera PK, Charles MJ, Mallik U, Cochran J, Crawley HB, Dong L, Eyges V, Meyer WT, Prell S, Rosenberg EI, Rubin AE, Gao YY, Gritsan AV, Guo ZJ, Arnaud N, Béquilleux J, D'Orazio A, Davier M, Derkach D, Firmino da Costa J, Grosdidier G, Le Diberder F, Lepeltier V, Lutz AM, Malaescu B, Pruvot S, Roudeau P, Schune MH, Serrano J, Sordini V, Stocchi A, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Bingham I, Burke JP, Chavez CA, Fry JR, Gabathuler E, Gamet R, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Clarke CK, Di Lodovico F, Sacco R, Sigamani M, Cowan G, Paramesvaran S, Wren AC, Brown DN, Davis CL, Denig AG, Fritsch M, Gradl W, Hafner A, Alwyn KE, Bailey D, Barlow RJ, Jackson G, Lafferty GD, West TJ, Yi JI, Anderson J, Chen C, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Simi G, Tuggle JM, Dallapiccola C, Salvati E, Saremi S, Cowan R, Dujmic D, Fisher PH, Henderson SW, Sciolla G, Spitznagel M, Yamamoto RK, Zhao M, Patel PM, Robertson SH, Schram M, Lazzaro A, Lombardo V, Palombo F, Stracka S, Bauer JM, Cremaldi L, Godang R, Kroeger R, Sonnek P, Summers DJ, Zhao HW, Simard M, Taras P, Nicholson H, De Nardo G, Lista L, Monorchio D, Onorato G, Sciacca C, Raven G, Snoek HL, Jessop CP, Knoepfel KJ, Losecco JM, Wang WF, Corwin LA, Honscheid K, Kagan H, Kass R, Morris JP, Rahimi AM, Regensburger JJ, Sekula SJ, Wong QK, Blount NL, Brau J, Frey R, Igonkina O, Kolb JA, Lu M, Rahmat R, Sinev NB, Strom D, Strube J, Torrence E, Castelli G, Gagliardi N, Margoni M, Morandin M, Posocco M, Rotondo M, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Voci C, Del Amo Sanchez P, Ben-Haim E, Bonneaud GR, Briand H, Chauveau J, Hamon O, Leruste P, Marchiori G, Ocariz J, Perez A, Prendki J, Sitt S, Gladney L, Biasini M, Manoni E, Angelini C, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Calderini G, Carpinelli M, Cervelli A, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Morganti M, Neri N, Paoloni E, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Lopes Pegna D, Lu C, Olsen J, Smith AJS, Telnov AV, Anulli F, Baracchini E, Cavoto G, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Gaspero M, Jackson PD, Li Gioi L, Mazzoni MA, Morganti S, Piredda G, Renga F, Voena C, Ebert M, Hartmann T, Schröder H, Waldi R, Adye T, Franek B, Olaiya EO, Wilson FF, Emery S, Esteve L, Hamel de Monchenault G, Kozanecki W, Vasseur G, Yèche C, Zito M, Allen MT, Aston D, Bartoldus R, Benitez JF, Cenci R, Coleman JP, Convery MR, Dingfelder JC, Dorfan J, Dubois-Felsmann GP, Dunwoodie W, Field RC, Franco Sevilla M, Gabareen AM, Graham MT, Grenier P, Hast C, Innes WR, Kaminski J, Kelsey MH, Kim H, Kim P, Kocian ML, Leith DWGS, Li S, Lindquist B, Luitz S, Luth V, Lynch HL, Macfarlane DB, Marsiske H, Messner R, Muller DR, Neal H, Nelson S, O'Grady CP, Ofte I, Perl M, Ratcliff BN, Roodman A, Salnikov AA, Schindler RH, Schwiening J, Snyder A, Su D, Sullivan MK, Suzuki K, Swain SK, Thompson JM, Va'vra J, Wagner AP, Weaver M, West CA, Wisniewski WJ, Wittgen M, Wright DH, Wulsin HW, Yarritu AK, Young CC, Ziegler V, Chen XR, Liu H, Park W, Purohit MV, White RM, Wilson JR, Burchat PR, Edwards AJ, Miyashita TS, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Ernst JA, Pan B, Saeed MA, Zain SB, Soffer A, Spanier SM, Wogsland BJ, Eckmann R, Ritchie JL, Ruland AM, Schilling CJ, Schwitters RF, Wray BC, Drummond BW, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, Gamba D, Pelliccioni M, Bomben M, Bosisio L, Cartaro C, Della Ricca G, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Azzolini V, Lopez-March N, Martinez-Vidal F, Milanes DA, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Banerjee S, Bhuyan B, Choi HHF, Hamano K, King GJ, Kowalewski R, Lewczuk MJ, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Ilic J, Latham TE, Mohanty GB, Puccio EMT, Band HR, Chen X, Dasu S, Flood KT, Pan Y, Prepost R, Vuosalo CO, Wu SL. Measurement of B-->K{*}(892)gamma branching fractions and CP and Isospin asymmetries. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:211802. [PMID: 20366028 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.211802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present an analysis of the decays B{0}-->K{*0}(892)gamma and B{+}-->K{*+}(892)gamma using a sample of about 383 x 10{6} BB[-over ] events collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric energy B factory. We measure the branching fractions B(B{0}-->K{*0}gamma)=(4.47+/-0.10+/-0.16) x 10{-5} and B(B{+}-->K{*+}gamma)=(4.22+/-0.14+/-0.16) x 10{-5}. We constrain the direct CP asymmetry to be -0.033<A(B-->K{*}gamma)<0.028 and the isospin asymmetry to be 0.017<Delta{0-} < 0.116, where the limits are determined by the 90% confidence interval and include both the statistical and systematic uncertainties.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Aubert
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
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Aubert B, Bona M, Karyotakis Y, Lees JP, Poireau V, Prencipe E, Prudent X, Tisserand V, Tico JG, Grauges E, Lopez L, Palano A, Pappagallo M, Eigen G, Stugu B, Sun L, Abrams GS, Battaglia M, Brown DN, Cahn RN, Jacobsen RG, Kerth LT, Kolomensky YG, Lynch G, Osipenkov IL, Ronan MT, Tackmann K, Tanabe T, Hawkes CM, Soni N, Watson AT, Koch H, Schroeder T, Walker D, Asgeirsson DJ, Fulsom BG, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, Barrett M, Khan A, Blinov VE, Bukin AD, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Bondioli M, Curry S, Eschrich I, Kirkby D, Lankford AJ, Lund P, Mandelkern M, Martin EC, Stoker DP, Abachi S, Buchanan C, Gary JW, Liu F, Long O, Shen BC, Vitug GM, Yasin Z, Zhang L, Sharma V, Campagnari C, Hong TM, Kovalskyi D, Mazur MA, Richman JD, Beck TW, Eisner AM, Flacco CJ, Heusch CA, Kroseberg J, Lockman WS, Schalk T, Schumm BA, Seiden A, Wang L, Wilson MG, Winstrom LO, Cheng CH, Doll DA, Echenard B, Fang F, Hitlin DG, Narsky I, Piatenko T, Porter FC, Andreassen R, Mancinelli G, Meadows BT, Mishra K, Sokoloff MD, Bloom PC, Ford WT, Gaz A, Hirschauer JF, Nagel M, Nauenberg U, Smith JG, Ulmer KA, Wagner SR, Ayad R, Soffer A, Toki WH, Wilson RJ, Altenburg DD, Feltresi E, Hauke A, Jasper H, Karbach M, Merkel J, Petzold A, Spaan B, Wacker K, Kobel MJ, Mader WF, Nogowski R, Schubert KR, Schwierz R, Sundermann JE, Volk A, Bernard D, Bonneaud GR, Latour E, Thiebaux C, Verderi M, Clark PJ, Gradl W, Playfer S, Watson JE, Andreotti M, Bettoni D, Bozzi C, Calabrese R, Cecchi A, Cibinetto G, Franchini P, Luppi E, Negrini M, Petrella A, Piemontese L, Santoro V, Baldini-Ferroli R, Calcaterra A, de Sangro R, Finocchiaro G, Pacetti S, Patteri P, Peruzzi IM, Piccolo M, Rama M, Zallo A, Buzzo A, Contri R, Lo Vetere M, Macri MM, Monge MR, Passaggio S, Patrignani C, Robutti E, Santroni A, Tosi S, Chaisanguanthum KS, Morii M, Marks J, Schenk S, Uwer U, Klose V, Lacker HM, Bard DJ, Dauncey PD, Nash JA, Vazquez WP, Tibbetts M, Behera PK, Chai X, Charles MJ, Mallik U, Cochran J, Crawley HB, Dong L, Meyer WT, Prell S, Rosenberg EI, Rubin AE, Gao YY, Gritsan AV, Guo ZJ, Lae CK, Denig AG, Fritsch M, Schott G, Arnaud N, Béquilleux J, D'Orazio A, Davier M, da Costa JF, Grosdidier G, Höcker A, Lepeltier V, Le Diberder F, Lutz AM, Pruvot S, Roudeau P, Schune MH, Serrano J, Sordini V, Stocchi A, Wormser G, Lange DJ, Wright DM, Bingham I, Burke JP, Chavez CA, Fry JR, Gabathuler E, Gamet R, Hutchcroft DE, Payne DJ, Touramanis C, Bevan AJ, Clarke CK, George KA, Di Lodovico F, Sacco R, Sigamani M, Cowan G, Flaecher HU, Hopkins DA, Paramesvaran S, Salvatore F, Wren AC, Brown DN, Davis CL, Alwyn KE, Bailey D, Barlow RJ, Chia YM, Edgar CL, Jackson G, Lafferty GD, West TJ, Yi JI, Anderson J, Chen C, Jawahery A, Roberts DA, Simi G, Tuggle JM, Dallapiccola C, Li X, Salvati E, Saremi S, Cowan R, Dujmic D, Fisher PH, Koeneke K, Sciolla G, Spitznagel M, Taylor F, Yamamoto RK, Zhao M, Patel PM, Robertson SH, Lazzaro A, Lombardo V, Palombo F, Bauer JM, Cremaldi L, Eschenburg V, Godang R, Kroeger R, Sanders DA, Summers DJ, Zhao HW, Simard M, Taras P, Viaud FB, Nicholson H, De Nardo G, Lista L, Monorchio D, Onorato G, Sciacca C, Raven G, Snoek HL, Jessop CP, Knoepfel KJ, LoSecco JM, Wang WF, Benelli G, Corwin LA, Honscheid K, Kagan H, Kass R, Morris JP, Rahimi AM, Regensburger JJ, Sekula SJ, Wong QK, Blount NL, Brau J, Frey R, Igonkina O, Kolb JA, Lu M, Rahmat R, Sinev NB, Strom D, Strube J, Torrence E, Castelli G, Gagliardi N, Margoni M, Morandin M, Posocco M, Rotondo M, Simonetto F, Stroili R, Voci C, Sanchez PDA, Ben-Haim E, Briand H, Calderini G, Chauveau J, David P, Del Buono L, Hamon O, Leruste P, Ocariz J, Perez A, Prendki J, Sitt S, Gladney L, Biasini M, Covarelli R, Manoni E, Angelini C, Batignani G, Bettarini S, Carpinelli M, Cervelli A, Forti F, Giorgi MA, Lusiani A, Marchiori G, Morganti M, Neri N, Paoloni E, Rizzo G, Walsh JJ, Pegna DL, Lu C, Olsen J, Smith AJS, Telnov AV, Anulli F, Baracchini E, Cavoto G, del Re D, Di Marco E, Faccini R, Ferrarotto F, Ferroni F, Gaspero M, Jackson PD, Gioi LL, Mazzoni MA, Morganti S, Piredda G, Polci F, Renga F, Voena C, Ebert M, Hartmann T, Schröder H, Waldi R, Adye T, Franek B, Olaiya EO, Wilson FF, Emery S, Escalier M, Esteve L, Ganzhur SF, de Monchenault GH, Kozanecki W, Vasseur G, Yèche C, Zito M, Chen XR, Liu H, Park W, Purohit MV, White RM, Wilson JR, Allen MT, Aston D, Bartoldus R, Bechtle P, Benitez JF, Cenci R, Coleman JP, Convery MR, Dingfelder JC, Dorfan J, Dubois-Felsmann GP, Dunwoodie W, Field RC, Gabareen AM, Gowdy SJ, Graham MT, Grenier P, Hast C, Innes WR, Kaminski J, Kelsey MH, Kim H, Kim P, Kocian ML, Leith DWGS, Li S, Lindquist B, Luitz S, Luth V, Lynch HL, MacFarlane DB, Marsiske H, Messner R, Muller DR, Neal H, Nelson S, O'Grady CP, Ofte I, Perazzo A, Perl M, Ratcliff BN, Roodman A, Salnikov AA, Schindler RH, Schwiening J, Snyder A, Su D, Sullivan MK, Suzuki K, Swain SK, Thompson JM, Va'vra J, Wagner AP, Weaver M, West CA, Wisniewski WJ, Wittgen M, Wright DH, Wulsin HW, Yarritu AK, Yi K, Young CC, Ziegler V, Burchat PR, Edwards AJ, Majewski SA, Miyashita TS, Petersen BA, Wilden L, Ahmed S, Alam MS, Ernst JA, Pan B, Saeed MA, Zain SB, Spanier SM, Wogsland BJ, Eckmann R, Ritchie JL, Ruland AM, Schilling CJ, Schwitters RF, Drummond BW, Izen JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, Gamba D, Pelliccioni M, Bomben M, Bosisio L, Cartaro C, Ricca GD, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Azzolini V, Lopez-March N, Martinez-Vidal F, Milanes DA, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Banerjee S, Bhuyan B, Choi HHF, Hamano K, Kowalewski R, Lewczuk MJ, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Ilic J, Latham TE, Mohanty GB, Band HR, Chen X, Dasu S, Flood KT, Pan Y, Pierini M, Prepost R, Vuosalo CO, Wu SL. Measurement of D{0}-D[-over]{0} mixing from a time-dependent amplitude analysis of D{0}-->K+pi{-}pi{0} decays. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:211801. [PMID: 20366027 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.211801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2008] [Revised: 06/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present evidence of D{0}-D[-over ]{0} mixing using a time-dependent amplitude analysis of the decay D{0}-->K+pi{-}pi;{0} in a data sample of 384 fb{-1} collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e+e{-} collider at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. Assuming CP conservation, we measure the mixing parameters x{Kpipi{0}}{'}=[2.61{-0.68}{+0.57}(stat)+/-0.39(syst)]%, y{Kpipi;{0}}{'}=[-0.06{-0.64}{+0.55}(stat)+/-0.34(syst)]%. This result is inconsistent with the no-mixing hypothesis with a significance of 3.2 standard deviations. We find no evidence of CP violation in mixing.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Aubert
- Laboratoire de Physique des Particules, IN2P3/CNRS et Université de Savoie, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
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Aubert B, Karyotakis Y, Lees JP, Poireau V, Prencipe E, Prudent X, Tisserand V, Tico JG, Grauges E, Martinelli M, Palano A, Pappagallo M, Eigen G, Stugu B, Sun L, Battaglia M, Brown DN, Kerth LT, Kolomensky YG, Lynch G, Osipenkov IL, Tackmann K, Tanabe T, Hawkes CM, Soni N, Watson AT, Koch H, Schroeder T, Asgeirsson DJ, Fulsom BG, Hearty C, Mattison TS, McKenna JA, Barrett M, Khan A, Randle-Conde A, Blinov VE, Bukin AD, Buzykaev AR, Druzhinin VP, Golubev VB, Onuchin AP, Serednyakov SI, Skovpen YI, Solodov EP, Todyshev KY, Bondioli M, Curry S, Eschrich I, Kirkby D, Lankford AJ, Lund P, Mandelkern M, Martin EC, Stoker DP, Atmacan H, Gary JW, Liu F, Long O, Vitug GM, Yasin Z, Sharma V, Campagnari C, Hong TM, Kovalskyi D, Mazur MA, Richman JD, Beck TW, Eisner AM, Heusch CA, Kroseberg J, Lockman WS, Martinez AJ, Schalk T, Schumm BA, Seiden A, Wang L, Winstrom LO, Cheng CH, Doll DA, Echenard B, Fang F, Hitlin DG, Narsky I, Ongmongkolkul P, Piatenko T, Porter FC, Andreassen R, Mancinelli G, 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JM, Lou XC, Bianchi F, Gamba D, Pelliccioni M, Bomben M, Bosisio L, Cartaro C, Della Ricca G, Lanceri L, Vitale L, Azzolini V, Lopez-March N, Martinez-Vidal F, Milanes DA, Oyanguren A, Albert J, Banerjee S, Bhuyan B, Choi HHF, Hamano K, King GJ, Kowalewski R, Lewczuk MJ, Nugent IM, Roney JM, Sobie RJ, Gershon TJ, Harrison PF, Ilic J, Latham TE, Mohanty GB, Puccio EMT, Band HR, Chen X, Dasu S, Flood KT, Pan Y, Prepost R, Vuosalo CO, Wu SL. Search for a low-mass higgs boson in Upsilon(3S)-->gammaA(0), A(0)-->tau(+)tau(-) at BABAR. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:181801. [PMID: 19905799 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.181801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We search for a light Higgs boson A0 in the radiative decay Upsilon(3S)-->gammaA(0), A(0)-->tau+tau-, tau+-->e+nu(e)nu(tau), or tau+-->mu+nu(mu)nu(tau). The data sample contains 122x10(6) Upsilon(3S) events recorded with the BABAR detector. We find no evidence for a narrow structure in the studied tau+tau- invariant mass region of 4.03<m(tau+tau-)<10.10 GeV/c2. We exclude at the 90% confidence level (C.L.) a low-mass Higgs boson decaying to tau+tau- with a product branching fraction B(Upsilon(3S)-->gammaA(0))xB(A(0)-->tau+tau-)>(1.5-16)x10(-5) across the m(tau+tau-) range. We also set a 90% C.L. upper limit on the tau+tau- decay of the eta(b) at B(eta(b)-->tau+tau-)<8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Aubert
- Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Université de Savoie, CNRS/IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy-Le-Vieux, France
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