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Damianou A, Liang Z, Lassen F, Vendrell I, Vere G, Hester S, Charles PD, Pinto-Fernandez A, Santos A, Fischer R, Kessler BM. Oncogenic mutations of KRAS modulate its turnover by the CUL3/LZTR1 E3 ligase complex. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302245. [PMID: 38453365 PMCID: PMC10921066 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
KRAS is a proto-oncogene encoding a small GTPase. Mutations contribute to ∼30% of human solid tumours, including lung adenocarcinoma, pancreatic, and colorectal carcinomas. Most KRAS activating mutations interfere with GTP hydrolysis, essential for its role as a molecular switch, leading to alterations in their molecular environment and oncogenic signalling. However, the precise signalling cascades these mutations affect are poorly understood. Here, APEX2 proximity labelling was used to profile the molecular environment of WT, G12D, G13D, and Q61H-activating KRAS mutants under starvation and stimulation conditions. Through quantitative proteomics, we demonstrate the presence of known KRAS interactors, including ARAF and LZTR1, which are differentially captured by WT and KRAS mutants. Notably, the KRAS mutations G12D, G13D, and Q61H abrogate their association with LZTR1, thereby affecting turnover. Elucidating the implications of LZTR1-mediated regulation of KRAS protein levels in cancer may offer insights into therapeutic strategies targeting KRAS-driven malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Damianou
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Zhu Liang
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Frederik Lassen
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Iolanda Vendrell
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Svenja Hester
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Philip D Charles
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adan Pinto-Fernandez
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alberto Santos
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Center for Health Data Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- NNF Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roman Fischer
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benedikt M Kessler
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- https://ror.org/052gg0110 Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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2
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Bozbas E, Zhou R, Soyama S, Allen-Redpath K, Mitchell JL, Fisk HL, Calder PC, Jones C, Gibbins JM, Fischer R, Hester S, Yaqoob P. Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids alter the number, fatty acid profile and coagulatory activity of circulating and platelet-derived extracellular vesicles: a randomized, controlled crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:1175-1186. [PMID: 38484976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are proposed to play a role in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and are considered emerging markers of CVDs. n-3 PUFAs are abundant in oily fish and fish oil and are reported to reduce CVD risk, but there has been little research to date examining the effects of n-3 PUFAs on the generation and function of EVs. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the effects of fish oil supplementation on the number, generation, and function of EVs in subjects with moderate risk of CVDs. METHODS A total of 40 participants with moderate risk of CVDs were supplemented with capsules containing either fish oil (1.9 g/d n-3 PUFAs) or control oil (high-oleic safflower oil) for 12 wk in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover intervention study. The effects of fish oil supplementation on conventional CVD and thrombogenic risk markers were measured, along with the number and fatty acid composition of circulating and platelet-derived EVs (PDEVs). PDEV proteome profiles were evaluated, and their impact on coagulation was assessed using assays including fibrin clot formation, thrombin generation, fibrinolysis, and ex vivo thrombus formation. RESULTS n-3 PUFAs decreased the numbers of circulating EVs by 27%, doubled their n-3 PUFA content, and reduced their capacity to support thrombin generation by >20% in subjects at moderate risk of CVDs. EVs derived from n-3 PUFA-enriched platelets in vitro also resulted in lower thrombin generation, but did not alter thrombus formation in a whole blood ex vivo assay. CONCLUSIONS Dietary n-3 PUFAs alter the number, composition, and function of EVs, reducing their coagulatory activity. This study provides clear evidence that EVs support thrombin generation and that this EV-dependent thrombin generation is reduced by n-3 PUFAs, which has implications for prevention and treatment of thrombosis. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03203512.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Bozbas
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Ruihan Zhou
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Shin Soyama
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Allen-Redpath
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne L Mitchell
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research and School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Helena L Fisk
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Philip C Calder
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Jones
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research and School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research and School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Svenja Hester
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Parveen Yaqoob
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.
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Lo Faro ML, Rozenberg K, Huang H, Maslau S, Bonham S, Fischer R, Kessler B, Leuvenink H, Sharples E, Lindeman JH, Ploeg R. Kidney Tissue Proteome Profiles in Short Versus Long Duration of Delayed Graft Function - A Pilot Study in Donation After Circulatory Death Donors. Kidney Int Rep 2024; 9:1473-1483. [PMID: 38707804 PMCID: PMC11068965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Delayed graft function (DGF) is often defined as the need for dialysis treatment in the first week after a kidney transplantation. This definition, though readily applicable, is generic and unable to distinguish between "types" of DGF or time needed to recover function that may also significantly affect longer-term outcomes. We aimed to profile biological pathways in donation after circulatory death (DCD) kidney donors that correlate with DGF and different DGF durations. Methods A total of N = 30 DCD kidney biopsies were selected from the UK Quality in Organ Donation (QUOD) biobank and stratified according to DGF duration (immediate function, IF n = 10; "short-DGF" (1-6 days), SDGF n = 10; "long-DGF" (7-22 days), LDGF n = 10). Samples were matched for donor and recipient demographics and analyzed by label-free quantitative (LFQ) proteomics, yielding identification of N = 3378 proteins. Results Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) on differentially abundant proteins showed that SDGF kidneys presented upregulation of stress response pathways, whereas LDGF presented impaired response to stress, compared to IF. LDGF showed extensive metabolic deficits compared to IF and SDGF. Conclusion DCD kidneys requiring dialysis only in the first week posttransplant present acute cellular injury at donation, alongside repair pathways upregulation. In contrast, DCD kidneys requiring prolonged dialysis beyond 7 days present minimal metabolic and antioxidant responses, suggesting that current DGF definitions might not be adequate in distinguishing different patterns of injury in donor kidneys contributing to DGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Letizia Lo Faro
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Kaithlyn Rozenberg
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Honglei Huang
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Sergei Maslau
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Bonham
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benedikt Kessler
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | - Rutger Ploeg
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Transplant Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
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Chang CH, Liu F, Militi S, Hester S, Nibhani R, Deng S, Dunford J, Rendek A, Soonawalla Z, Fischer R, Oppermann U, Pauklin S. The pRb/RBL2-E2F1/4-GCN5 axis regulates cancer stem cell formation and G0 phase entry/exit by paracrine mechanisms. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3580. [PMID: 38678032 PMCID: PMC11055877 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47680-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The lethality, chemoresistance and metastatic characteristics of cancers are associated with phenotypically plastic cancer stem cells (CSCs). How the non-cell autonomous signalling pathways and cell-autonomous transcriptional machinery orchestrate the stem cell-like characteristics of CSCs is still poorly understood. Here we use a quantitative proteomic approach for identifying secreted proteins of CSCs in pancreatic cancer. We uncover that the cell-autonomous E2F1/4-pRb/RBL2 axis balances non-cell-autonomous signalling in healthy ductal cells but becomes deregulated upon KRAS mutation. E2F1 and E2F4 induce whereas pRb/RBL2 reduce WNT ligand expression (e.g. WNT7A, WNT7B, WNT10A, WNT4) thereby regulating self-renewal, chemoresistance and invasiveness of CSCs in both PDAC and breast cancer, and fibroblast proliferation. Screening for epigenetic enzymes identifies GCN5 as a regulator of CSCs that deposits H3K9ac onto WNT promoters and enhancers. Collectively, paracrine signalling pathways are controlled by the E2F-GCN5-RB axis in diverse cancers and this could be a therapeutic target for eliminating CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Hui Chang
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Feng Liu
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Stefania Militi
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Svenja Hester
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Old Road, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Reshma Nibhani
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Siwei Deng
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - James Dunford
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Aniko Rendek
- Department of Histopathology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Zahir Soonawalla
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS, Oxford, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Old Road, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Udo Oppermann
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK
| | - Siim Pauklin
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, University of Oxford, Old Road, Oxford, OX3 7LD, UK.
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5
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Pisa M, Watson JL, Spencer JI, Niblett G, Mahjoub Y, Lockhart A, Yates RL, Yee SA, Hadley G, Ruiz J, Esiri MM, Kessler B, Fischer R, DeLuca GC. A role for vessel-associated extracellular matrix proteins in multiple sclerosis pathology. Brain Pathol 2024:e13263. [PMID: 38659387 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is unsurpassed for its clinical and pathological hetherogeneity, but the biological determinants of this variability are unknown. HLA-DRB1*15, the main genetic risk factor for MS, influences the severity and distribution of MS pathology. This study set out to unravel the molecular determinants of the heterogeneity of MS pathology in relation to HLA-DRB1*15 status. Shotgun proteomics from a discovery cohort of MS spinal cord samples segregated by HLA-DRB*15 status revealed overexpression of the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, biglycan, decorin, and prolargin in HLA-DRB*15-positive cases, adding to established literature on a role of ECM proteins in MS pathology that has heretofore lacked systematic pathological validation. These findings informed a neuropathological characterisation of these proteins in a large autopsy cohort of 41 MS cases (18 HLA-DRB1*15-positive and 23 HLA-DRB1*15-negative), and seven non-neurological controls on motor cortical, cervical and lumbar spinal cord tissue. Biglycan and decorin demonstrate a striking perivascular expression pattern in controls that is reduced in MS (-36.5%, p = 0.036 and - 24.7%, p = 0.039; respectively) in lesional and non-lesional areas. A concomitant increase in diffuse parenchymal accumulation of biglycan and decorin is seen in MS (p = 0.015 and p = 0.001, respectively), particularly in HLA-DRB1*15-positive cases (p = 0.007 and p = 0.046, respectively). Prolargin shows a faint parenchymal pattern in controls that is markedly increased in MS cases where a perivascular deposition pattern is observed (motor cortex +97.5%, p = 0.001; cervical cord +49.1%, p = 0.016). Our findings point to ECM proteins and the vascular interface playing a central role in MS pathology within and outside the plaque area. As ECM proteins are known potent pro-inflammatory molecules, their parenchymal accumulation may contribute to disease severity. This study brings to light novel factors that may contribute to the heterogeneity of the topographical variation of MS pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Pisa
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Jonathan I Spencer
- Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Devices, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Guy Niblett
- Oxford Medical School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yasamin Mahjoub
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrew Lockhart
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard L Yates
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sydney A Yee
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gina Hadley
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jennifer Ruiz
- Mandell MS Center, Trinity Health of New England, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Margaret M Esiri
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Benedict Kessler
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gabriele C DeLuca
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Blest HTW, Redmond A, Avissar J, Barker J, Bridgeman A, Fowler G, Chauveau L, Hertzog J, Vendrell I, Fischer R, Iversen MB, Jing L, Koelle DM, Paludan SR, Kessler BM, Crump CM, Rehwinkel J. HSV-1 employs UL56 to antagonize expression and function of cGAMP channels. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114122. [PMID: 38652659 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA sensing is important for antiviral immunity. The DNA sensor cGAS synthesizes 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a second messenger that activates STING, which induces innate immunity. cGAMP not only activates STING in the cell where it is produced but cGAMP also transfers to other cells. Transporters, channels, and pores (including SLC19A1, SLC46A2, P2X7, ABCC1, and volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs)) release cGAMP into the extracellular space and/or import cGAMP. We report that infection with multiple human viruses depletes some of these cGAMP conduits. This includes herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) that targets SLC46A2, P2X7, and the VRAC subunits LRRC8A and LRRC8C for degradation. The HSV-1 protein UL56 is necessary and sufficient for these effects that are mediated at least partially by proteasomal turnover. UL56 thereby inhibits cGAMP uptake via VRAC, SLC46A2, and P2X7. Taken together, HSV-1 antagonizes intercellular cGAMP transfer. We propose that this limits innate immunity by reducing cell-to-cell communication via the immunotransmitter cGAMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry T W Blest
- Medical Research Council Translational Immune Discovery Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, UK
| | - Alexander Redmond
- Medical Research Council Translational Immune Discovery Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, UK
| | - Jed Avissar
- Medical Research Council Translational Immune Discovery Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, UK
| | - Jake Barker
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, CB2 1QP Cambridge, UK
| | - Anne Bridgeman
- Medical Research Council Translational Immune Discovery Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, UK
| | - Gerissa Fowler
- Medical Research Council Translational Immune Discovery Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, UK
| | - Lise Chauveau
- Medical Research Council Translational Immune Discovery Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, UK
| | - Jonny Hertzog
- Medical Research Council Translational Immune Discovery Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, UK
| | - Iolanda Vendrell
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marie B Iversen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lichen Jing
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - David M Koelle
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Søren R Paludan
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Benedikt M Kessler
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Colin M Crump
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, CB2 1QP Cambridge, UK
| | - Jan Rehwinkel
- Medical Research Council Translational Immune Discovery Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, UK.
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7
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Morrow GB, Flannery S, Charles PD, Heilig R, Feller T, McQuilten Z, Wake E, Ariens RAS, Winearls J, Mutch NJ, Fischer R, Laffan MA, Curry N. A novel method to quantify fibrin-fibrin and fibrin-α 2-antiplasmin cross-links in thrombi formed from human trauma patient plasma. J Thromb Haemost 2024:S1538-7836(24)00124-7. [PMID: 38462220 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The widespread use of the antifibrinolytic agent, tranexamic acid (TXA), interferes with the quantification of fibrinolysis by dynamic laboratory assays such as clot lysis, making it difficult to measure fibrinolysis in many trauma patients. At the final stage of coagulation, factor (F)XIIIa catalyzes the formation of fibrin-fibrin and fibrin-α2-antiplasmin (α2AP) cross-links, which increases clot mechanical strength and resistance to fibrinolysis. OBJECTIVES Here, we developed a method to quantify fibrin-fibrin and fibrin-α2AP cross-links that avoids the challenges posed by TXA in determining fibrinolytic resistance in conventional assays. METHODS Fibrinogen alpha (FGA) chain (FGA-FGA), fibrinogen gamma (FGG) chain (FGG-FGG), and FGA-α2AP cross-links were quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and parallel reaction monitoring in paired plasma samples from trauma patients prefibrinogen and postfibrinogen replacement. Differences in the abundance of cross-links in trauma patients receiving cryoprecipitate (cryo) or fibrinogen concentrate (Fg-C) were analyzed. RESULTS The abundance of cross-links was significantly increased in trauma patients postcryo, but not Fg-C transfusion (P < .0001). The abundance of cross-links was positively correlated with the toughness of individual fibrin fibers, the peak thrombin concentration, and FXIII antigen (P < .05). CONCLUSION We have developed a novel method that allows us to quantify fibrin cross-links in trauma patients who have received TXA, providing an indirect measure of fibrinolytic resistance. Using this novel approach, we have avoided the effect of TXA and shown that cryo increases fibrin-fibrin and fibrin-α2AP cross-linking when compared with Fg-C, highlighting the importance of FXIII in clot formation and stability in trauma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gael B Morrow
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
| | - Sarah Flannery
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Philip D Charles
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Raphael Heilig
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Timea Feller
- Leeds Thrombosis Collective, Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe McQuilten
- Transfusion Research Unit, Monash University, Melbourne and Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Wake
- Trauma Service, Gold Coast University Hospital, University of Queensland, Southport, Queensland, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Robert A S Ariens
- Leeds Thrombosis Collective, Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - James Winearls
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Southport, Queensland, Australia; Intensive Care Unit, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia; Australia and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicola J Mutch
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mike A Laffan
- Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Curry
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Oxford Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Abhari RE, Snelling SJ, Augustynak E, Davis S, Fischer R, Carr AJ, Mouthuy PA. A Hybrid Electrospun-Extruded Polydioxanone Suture for Tendon Tissue Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part A 2024; 30:214-224. [PMID: 38126344 PMCID: PMC10954604 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2023.0273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Many surgical tendon repairs fail despite advances in surgical materials and techniques. Tendon repair failure can be partially attributed to the tendon's poor intrinsic healing capacity and the repurposing of sutures from other clinical applications. Electrospun materials show promise as a biological scaffold to support endogenous tendon repair, but their relatively low tensile strength has limited their clinical translation. It is hypothesized that combining electrospun fibers with a material with increased tensile strength may improve the suture's mechanical properties while retaining biophysical cues necessary to encourage cell-mediated repair. This article describes the production of a hybrid electrospun-extruded suture with a sheath of submicron electrospun fibers and a core of melt-extruded fibers. The porosity and tensile strength of this hybrid suture is compared with an electrospun-only braided suture and clinically used sutures Vicryl and polydioxanone (PDS). Bioactivity is assessed by measuring the adsorbed serum proteins on electrospun and melt-extruded filaments using mass spectrometry. Human hamstring tendon fibroblast attachment and proliferation were quantified and compared between the hybrid and control sutures. Combining an electrospun sheath with melt-extruded cores created a hybrid braid with increased tensile strength (70.1 ± 0.3N) compared with an electrospun only suture (12.9 ± 1 N, p < 0.0001). The hybrid suture had a similar force at break to clinical sutures, but lower stiffness and stress. The Young's modulus was 772.6 ± 32 MPa for the hybrid suture, 1693.0 ± 69 MPa for PDS, and 3838.0 ± 132 MPa for Vicryl, p < 0.0001. Hybrid sutures had lower overall porosity than electrospun-only sutures (40 ± 4% and 60 ± 7%, respectively, p = 0.0018) but had a significantly larger overall porosity and average pore diameter compared with surgical sutures. There were similar clusters of adsorbed proteins on electrospun and melt-extruded filaments, which were distinct from PDS. Tendon fibroblast attachment and cell proliferation on hybrid and electrospun sutures were significantly higher than on clinical sutures. This study demonstrated that a bioactive suture with increased tensile strength and lower stiffness could be produced by adding a core of 10 μm melt-extruded fibers to a sheath of electrospun fibers. In contrast to currently used sutures, the hybrid sutures promoted a bioactive response: serum proteins adsorbed, and fibroblasts attached, survived, grew along the sutures, and adopted appropriate morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanna E. Abhari
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J.B. Snelling
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Edyta Augustynak
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Davis
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Fischer
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Carr
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Pierre-Alexis Mouthuy
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Tsukada K, Jones SE, Bannister J, Durin MA, Vendrell I, Fawkes M, Fischer R, Kessler BM, Chapman JR, Blackford AN. BLM and BRCA1-BARD1 coordinate complementary mechanisms of joint DNA molecule resolution. Mol Cell 2024; 84:640-658.e10. [PMID: 38266639 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The Bloom syndrome helicase BLM interacts with topoisomerase IIIα (TOP3A), RMI1, and RMI2 to form the BTR complex, which dissolves double Holliday junctions and DNA replication intermediates to promote sister chromatid disjunction before cell division. In its absence, structure-specific nucleases like the SMX complex (comprising SLX1-SLX4, MUS81-EME1, and XPF-ERCC1) can cleave joint DNA molecules instead, but cells deficient in both BTR and SMX are not viable. Here, we identify a negative genetic interaction between BLM loss and deficiency in the BRCA1-BARD1 tumor suppressor complex. We show that this is due to a previously overlooked role for BARD1 in recruiting SLX4 to resolve DNA intermediates left unprocessed by BLM in the preceding interphase. Consequently, cells with defective BLM and BRCA1-BARD1 accumulate catastrophic levels of chromosome breakage and micronucleation, leading to cell death. Thus, we reveal mechanistic insights into SLX4 recruitment to DNA lesions, with potential clinical implications for treating BRCA1-deficient tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaima Tsukada
- Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Samuel E Jones
- Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Julius Bannister
- Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Mary-Anne Durin
- MRC Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Iolanda Vendrell
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Matthew Fawkes
- Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Benedikt M Kessler
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - J Ross Chapman
- MRC Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Andrew N Blackford
- Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
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10
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Kandzija N, Payne S, Cooke WR, Seedat F, Fischer R, Vatish M. Protein Profiling of Placental Extracellular Vesicles in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1947. [PMID: 38396626 PMCID: PMC10887986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Throughout pregnancy, some degree of insulin resistance is necessary to divert glucose towards the developing foetus. In gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), insulin resistance is exacerbated in combination with insulin deficiency, causing new-onset maternal hyperglycaemia. The rapid reversal of insulin resistance following delivery strongly implicates the placenta in GDM pathogenesis. In this case-control study, we investigated the proteomic cargo of human syncytiotrophoblast-derived extracellular vesicles (STBEVs), which facilitate maternal-fetal signalling during pregnancy, in a UK-based cohort comprising patients with a gestational age of 38-40 weeks. Medium/large (m/l) and small (s) STBEVs were isolated from GDM (n = 4) and normal (n = 5) placentae using ex vivo dual-lobe perfusion and subjected to mass spectrometry. Bioinformatics were used to identify differentially carried proteins and mechanistic pathways. In m/lSTBEVs, 56 proteins were differently expressed while in sSTBEVs, no proteins reached statistical difference. Differences were also observed in the proteomic cargo between m/lSTBEVs and sSTBEVs, indicating that the two subtypes of STBEVs may have divergent modes of action and downstream effects. In silico functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed proteins in m/lSTBEVs from GDM and normal pregnancy found positive regulation of cytoskeleton organisation as the most significantly enriched biological process. This work presents the first comparison of two populations of STBEVs' protein cargos (m/l and sSTBEVs) from GDM and normal pregnancy isolated using placenta perfusion. Further investigation of differentially expressed proteins may contribute to an understanding of GDM pathogenesis and the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neva Kandzija
- Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (N.K.); (S.P.); (W.R.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Sophie Payne
- Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (N.K.); (S.P.); (W.R.C.); (F.S.)
| | - William R. Cooke
- Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (N.K.); (S.P.); (W.R.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Faheem Seedat
- Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (N.K.); (S.P.); (W.R.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Roman Fischer
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 7BN Oxford, UK;
| | - Manu Vatish
- Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (N.K.); (S.P.); (W.R.C.); (F.S.)
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11
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Dellar ER, Vendrell I, Talbot K, Kessler BM, Fischer R, Turner MR, Thompson AG. Data-independent acquisition proteomics of cerebrospinal fluid implicates endoplasmic reticulum and inflammatory mechanisms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurochem 2024; 168:115-127. [PMID: 38087504 PMCID: PMC10952667 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
While unbiased proteomics of human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been used successfully to identify biomarkers of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), high-abundance proteins mask the presence of lower abundance proteins that may have diagnostic and prognostic value. However, developments in mass spectrometry (MS) proteomic data acquisition methods offer improved protein depth. In this study, MS with library-free data-independent acquisition (DIA) was used to compare the CSF proteome of people with ALS (n = 40), healthy (n = 15) and disease (n = 8) controls. Quantified protein groups were subsequently correlated with clinical variables. Univariate analysis identified 7 proteins, all significantly upregulated in ALS versus healthy controls, and 9 with altered abundance in ALS versus disease controls (FDR < 0.1). Elevated chitotriosidase-1 (CHIT1) was common to both comparisons and was proportional to ALS disability progression rate (Pearson r = 0.41, FDR-adjusted p = 0.035) but not overall survival. Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 (UCHL1; upregulated in ALS versus healthy controls) was proportional to disability progression rate (Pearson r = 0.53, FDR-adjusted p = 0.003) and survival (Kaplan Meier log-rank p = 0.013) but not independently in multivariate proportional hazards models. Weighted correlation network analysis was used to identify functionally relevant modules of proteins. One module, enriched for inflammatory functions, was associated with age at symptom onset (Pearson r = 0.58, FDR-adjusted p = 0.005) and survival (Hazard Ratio = 1.78, FDR = 0.065), and a second module, enriched for endoplasmic reticulum proteins, was negatively correlated with disability progression rate (r = -0.42, FDR-adjusted p = 0.109). DIA acquisition methodology therefore strengthened the biomarker candidacy of CHIT1 and UCHL1 in ALS, while additionally highlighted inflammatory and endoplasmic reticulum proteins as novel sources of prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iolanda Vendrell
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Kevin Talbot
- Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience DiscoveryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Benedikt M. Kessler
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Martin R. Turner
- Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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12
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Nguyen KL, Bhatt IJ, Gupta S, Showkat N, Swanson KA, Fischer R, Kontermann RE, Pfizenmaier K, Bracchi-Ricard V, Bethea JR. Tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 activation elicits sex-specific effects on cortical myelin proteins and functional recovery in a model of multiple sclerosis. Brain Res Bull 2024; 207:110885. [PMID: 38246200 PMCID: PMC10923072 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS), a demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), predominately affects females compared to males. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, signaling through TNF receptor 1 contributes to inflammatory disease pathogenesis. In contrast, TNF receptor 2 signaling is neuroprotective. Current anti-TNF MS therapies are shown to be detrimental to patients due to pleiotropic effects on both pro- and anti-inflammatory functions. Using a non-pertussis toxin (nPTX) experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model in C57BL/6 mice, we systemically administered a TNFR2 agonist (p53-sc-mTNFR2) to investigate behavioral and pathophysiological changes in both female and male mice. Our data shows that TNFR2 activation alleviates motor and sensory symptoms in females. However, in males, the agonist only alleviates sensory symptoms and not motor. nPTX EAE induction in TNFR2 global knockout mice caused exacerbated motor symptoms in females along with an earlier day of onset, but not in males. Our data demonstrates that TNFR2 agonist efficacy is sex-specific for alleviation of motor symptoms, however, it effectively reduces mechanical hypersensitivity in both females and males. Altogether, these data support the therapeutic promise TNFR2 agonism holds as an MS therapeutic and, more broadly, to treat central neuropathic pain.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Male
- Female
- Mice
- Animals
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/agonists
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II/therapeutic use
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Myelin Proteins
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Mice, Knockout
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla L Nguyen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, United States.
| | - Ishaan J Bhatt
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Shruti Gupta
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Nazaf Showkat
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Kathryn A Swanson
- Department of Biology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Roman Fischer
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Roland E Kontermann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Klaus Pfizenmaier
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - John R Bethea
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, United States.
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13
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Bello C, Filipovic MG, Huber M, Flannery S, Kobel B, Fischer R, Kessler BM, Räber L, Stueber F, Luedi MM. Discovery of plasma proteome markers associated with clinical outcome and immunological stress after cardiac surgery. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1287724. [PMID: 38379859 PMCID: PMC10876477 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1287724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Molecular mechanisms underlying perioperative acute phase reactions in cardiac surgery are largely unknown. We aimed to characterise perioperative alterations of the acute phase plasma proteome in a cohort of adult patients undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery using high-throughput mass spectrometry and to identify candidate proteins potentially relevant to postoperative clinical outcome through a novel, multi-step approach. Methods This study is an analysis of the Bern Perioperative Biobank, a prospective cohort of adults who underwent cardiac surgery with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) at Bern University Hospital between January and December 2019. Blood samples were taken before induction of anaesthesia and on postoperative day one. Proteomic analyses were performed by mass spectrometry. Through a multi-step, exploratory approach, hit-proteins were first identified according to their perioperative prevalence and dynamics. The set of hit-proteins were associated with predefined clinical outcome measures (all-cause one-year mortality, length of hospital stay, postoperative myocardial infarction and stroke until hospital discharge). Results 192 patients [75.5% male, median age 67.0 (IQR 60.0-73.0)] undergoing cardiac surgery with the use of CPB were included in this analysis. In total, we identified and quantified 402 proteins across all samples, whereof 30/402 (7%) proteins were identified as hit-proteins. Three hit-proteins-LDHB, VCAM1 and IGFBP2-demonstrated the strongest associations with clinical outcomes. After adjustment both for age, sex, BMI and for multiple comparisons, the scaled preoperative levels of IGFBP2 were associated with 1-year all-cause mortality (OR 10.63; 95% CI: 2.93-64.00; p = 0.046). Additionally, scaled preoperative levels of LDHB (OR 5.58; 95% CI: 2.58-8.57; p = 0.009) and VCAM1 (OR 2.32; 95% CI: 0.88-3.77; p = 0.05) were found to be associated with length of hospital stay. Conclusions We identified a subset of promising candidate plasma proteins relevant to outcome after on-pump cardiac surgery. IGFBP2 showed a strong association with clinical outcome measures and a significant association of preoperative levels with 1-year all-cause mortality. Other proteins strongly associated with outcome were LDHB and VCAM1, reflecting the dynamics in the acute phase response, inflammation and myocardial injury. We recommend further investigation of these proteins as potential outcome markers after cardiac surgery. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT04767685, data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD046496.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Bello
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mark G. Filipovic
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Huber
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Flannery
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Beatrice Kobel
- Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roman Fischer
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Benedikt M. Kessler
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenz Räber
- Department of Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Frank Stueber
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus M. Luedi
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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14
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Park KC, Crump NT, Louwman N, Krywawych S, Cheong YJ, Vendrell I, Gill EK, Gunadasa-Rohling M, Ford KL, Hauton D, Fournier M, Pires E, Watson L, Roseman G, Holder J, Koschinski A, Carnicer R, Curtis MK, Zaccolo M, Hulikova A, Fischer R, Kramer HB, McCullagh JSO, Trefely S, Milne TA, Swietach P. Disrupted propionate metabolism evokes transcriptional changes in the heart by increasing histone acetylation and propionylation. Nat Cardiovasc Res 2023; 2:1221-1245. [PMID: 38500966 PMCID: PMC7615744 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00365-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Propiogenic substrates and gut bacteria produce propionate, a post-translational protein modifier. In this study, we used a mouse model of propionic acidaemia (PA) to study how disturbances to propionate metabolism result in histone modifications and changes to gene expression that affect cardiac function. Plasma propionate surrogates were raised in PA mice, but female hearts manifested more profound changes in acyl-CoAs, histone propionylation and acetylation, and transcription. These resulted in moderate diastolic dysfunction with raised diastolic Ca2+, expanded end-systolic ventricular volume and reduced stroke volume. Propionate was traced to histone H3 propionylation and caused increased acetylation genome-wide, including at promoters of Pde9a and Mme, genes related to contractile dysfunction through downscaled cGMP signaling. The less severe phenotype in male hearts correlated with β-alanine buildup. Raising β-alanine in cultured myocytes treated with propionate reduced propionyl-CoA levels, indicating a mechanistic relationship. Thus, we linked perturbed propionate metabolism to epigenetic changes that impact cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Chan Park
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicholas T. Crump
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Present Address: Hugh and Josseline Langmuir Centre for Myeloma Research, Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Niamh Louwman
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Steve Krywawych
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Yuen Jian Cheong
- Epigenetics & Signalling Programmes, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Iolanda Vendrell
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eleanor K. Gill
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Kerrie L. Ford
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David Hauton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Lydia Watson
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gerald Roseman
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - James Holder
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andreas Koschinski
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ricardo Carnicer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - M. Kate Curtis
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Manuela Zaccolo
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alzbeta Hulikova
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Holger B. Kramer
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Sophie Trefely
- Epigenetics & Signalling Programmes, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas A. Milne
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pawel Swietach
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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15
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Davis S, Scott C, Oetjen J, Charles PD, Kessler BM, Ansorge O, Fischer R. Deep topographic proteomics of a human brain tumour. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7710. [PMID: 38001067 PMCID: PMC10673928 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43520-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The spatial organisation of cellular protein expression profiles within tissue determines cellular function and is key to understanding disease pathology. To define molecular phenotypes in the spatial context of tissue, there is a need for unbiased, quantitative technology capable of mapping proteomes within tissue structures. Here, we present a workflow for spatially-resolved, quantitative proteomics of tissue that generates maps of protein abundance across tissue slices derived from a human atypical teratoid-rhabdoid tumour at three spatial resolutions, the highest being 40 µm, to reveal distinct abundance patterns of thousands of proteins. We employ spatially-aware algorithms that do not require prior knowledge of the fine tissue structure to detect proteins and pathways with spatial abundance patterns and correlate proteins in the context of tissue heterogeneity and cellular features such as extracellular matrix or proximity to blood vessels. We identify PYGL, ASPH and CD45 as spatial markers for tumour boundary and reveal immune response-driven, spatially-organised protein networks of the extracellular tumour matrix. Overall, we demonstrate spatially-aware deep proteo-phenotyping of tissue heterogeneity, to re-define understanding tissue biology and pathology at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Davis
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Connor Scott
- Academic Unit of Neuropathology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Janina Oetjen
- Bruker Daltonics GmbH & Co. KG, Fahrenheitstraße 4, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Philip D Charles
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Benedikt M Kessler
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Olaf Ansorge
- Academic Unit of Neuropathology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.
- Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.
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16
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Jackson HR, Zandstra J, Menikou S, Hamilton MS, McArdle AJ, Fischer R, Thorne AM, Huang H, Tanck MW, Jansen MH, De T, Agyeman PKA, Von Both U, Carrol ED, Emonts M, Eleftheriou I, Van der Flier M, Fink C, Gloerich J, De Groot R, Moll HA, Pokorn M, Pollard AJ, Schlapbach LJ, Tsolia MN, Usuf E, Wright VJ, Yeung S, Zavadska D, Zenz W, Coin LJM, Casals-Pascual C, Cunnington AJ, Martinon-Torres F, Herberg JA, de Jonge MI, Levin M, Kuijpers TW, Kaforou M. A multi-platform approach to identify a blood-based host protein signature for distinguishing between bacterial and viral infections in febrile children (PERFORM): a multi-cohort machine learning study. Lancet Digit Health 2023; 5:e774-e785. [PMID: 37890901 DOI: 10.1016/s2589-7500(23)00149-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differentiating between self-resolving viral infections and bacterial infections in children who are febrile is a common challenge, causing difficulties in identifying which individuals require antibiotics. Studying the host response to infection can provide useful insights and can lead to the identification of biomarkers of infection with diagnostic potential. This study aimed to identify host protein biomarkers for future development into an accurate, rapid point-of-care test that can distinguish between bacterial and viral infections, by recruiting children presenting to health-care settings with fever or a history of fever in the previous 72 h. METHODS In this multi-cohort machine learning study, patient data were taken from EUCLIDS, the Swiss Pediatric Sepsis study, the GENDRES study, and the PERFORM study, which were all based in Europe. We generated three high-dimensional proteomic datasets (SomaScan and two via liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, referred to as MS-A and MS-B) using targeted and untargeted platforms (SomaScan and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry). Protein biomarkers were then shortlisted using differential abundance analysis, feature selection using forward selection-partial least squares (FS-PLS; 100 iterations), along with a literature search. Identified proteins were tested with Luminex and ELISA and iterative FS-PLS was done again (25 iterations) on the Luminex results alone, and the Luminex and ELISA results together. A sparse protein signature for distinguishing between bacterial and viral infections was identified from the selected proteins. The performance of this signature was finally tested using Luminex assays and by calculating disease risk scores. FINDINGS 376 children provided serum or plasma samples for use in the discovery of protein biomarkers. 79 serum samples were collected for the generation of the SomaScan dataset, 147 plasma samples for the MS-A dataset, and 150 plasma samples for the MS-B dataset. Differential abundance analysis, and the first round of feature selection using FS-PLS identified 35 protein biomarker candidates, of which 13 had commercial ELISA or Luminex tests available. 16 proteins with ELISA or Luminex tests available were identified by literature review. Further evaluation via Luminex and ELISA and the second round of feature selection using FS-PLS revealed a six-protein signature: three of the included proteins are elevated in bacterial infections (SELE, NGAL, and IFN-γ), and three are elevated in viral infections (IL18, NCAM1, and LG3BP). Performance testing of the signature using Luminex assays revealed area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values between 89·4% and 93·6%. INTERPRETATION This study has led to the identification of a protein signature that could be ultimately developed into a blood-based point-of-care diagnostic test for rapidly diagnosing bacterial and viral infections in febrile children. Such a test has the potential to greatly improve care of children who are febrile, ensuring that the correct individuals receive antibiotics. FUNDING European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (EUCLIDS), Imperial Biomedical Research Centre of the National Institute for Health Research, the Wellcome Trust and Medical Research Foundation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Grupos de Refeencia Competitiva, Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather R Jackson
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, and Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Judith Zandstra
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Blood Supply, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Stephanie Menikou
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, and Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Melissa Shea Hamilton
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, and Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew J McArdle
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, and Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Discovery Proteomics Facility, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adam M Thorne
- Department of Surgery, Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Honglei Huang
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael W Tanck
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Machiel H Jansen
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tisham De
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, and Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Philipp K A Agyeman
- Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Von Both
- Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Enitan D Carrol
- Department of Clinical Infection Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marieke Emonts
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology Department, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals Foundation Trust, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Irini Eleftheriou
- Second Department of Paediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), School of Medicine, Panagiotis & Aglaia, Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Michiel Van der Flier
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology Amalia Children's Hospital, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Colin Fink
- Micropathology, University of Warwick, Warwick, UK
| | - Jolein Gloerich
- Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ronald De Groot
- Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Marko Pokorn
- Division of Paediatrics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana and Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrew J Pollard
- Oxford Vaccine Group Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Luregn J Schlapbach
- Department of Intensive Care and Neonatology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria N Tsolia
- Second Department of Paediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), School of Medicine, Panagiotis & Aglaia, Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Effua Usuf
- Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Fajara, Gambia
| | - Victoria J Wright
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, and Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Shunmay Yeung
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Disease, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Dace Zavadska
- Children's Clinical University Hospital, Rīga Stradins University, Rïga, Latvia
| | - Werner Zenz
- University Clinic of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of General Paediatrics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lachlan J M Coin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Climent Casals-Pascual
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, CDB, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aubrey J Cunnington
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, and Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Federico Martinon-Torres
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Section, Pediatrics Department, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Genetics, Vaccines, Infectious Diseases, and Pediatrics research group GENVIP, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jethro A Herberg
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, and Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marien I de Jonge
- Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Michael Levin
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, and Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Blood Supply, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Myrsini Kaforou
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, and Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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17
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Seefried L, Banholzer D, Fischer R, Grafe I, Hüning I, Morhart R, Oheim R, Semler O, Siggelkow H, Stockklausner C, Hoyer-Kuhn H. [Recommendations for the healthcare of patients with FOP]. Orthopadie (Heidelb) 2023; 52:924-930. [PMID: 37603129 PMCID: PMC10622346 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-023-04425-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a very rare, severe genetic disorder triggered by a gain-of-function mutation in the ACVR1 gene that codes for the type I bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor ACVR1 (activin A receptor-type 1), also known as ALK2 (activin receptor-like kinase-2). It leads to the onset and progression of heterotopic ossification (HO) in soft and connective tissue. HO is often preceded by episodes of soft tissue swelling or flare-ups. Flare-ups, characteristic of FOP, may be induced by trauma, infection, vaccination, or other medications, as well as surgical procedures or may occur spontaneously. As patients age, they develop severe mobility limitations due to progressive HO formation, including immobility, causing a shortened life expectancy. FOP's first characteristic clinical sign is the congenital malformation of one or both big toes with valgus axis deviation, which is present in almost all patients. To confirm the diagnosis, molecular genetic analysis of the ACVR1 gene is possible. AIM OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS This white paper aims to provide an overview of the necessary prerequisites and conditions for the care of patients with FOP and positively contribute to patients with FOP by improving the overall availability of knowledge. To achieve this, relevant aspects of the care of the very rare disease FOP are presented, from the initial diagnosis to the care in regular care based on the authors' knowledge (German FOP network) and the international FOP Treatment Guidelines. The recommendations presented here are addressed to all actors and decision-makers in the health care system and are also intended to inform patients and the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Seefried
- Osteologie/Klinische Studieneinheit, Universität Würzburg, Brettreichstr. 11, 97074, Würzburg, Deutschland.
| | - D Banholzer
- Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, Standort Mitte - Olgahospital, Haus M - Pädiatrie 1, Klinikum Stuttgart, Kriegsbergstr. 60, 70174, Stuttgart, Deutschland
| | - R Fischer
- FOP e. V., c/o Ralf Fischer, Frankfurter Landstr. 11a, 61440, Oberursel, Deutschland
| | - I Grafe
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik III, Bereich Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, Diabetes, Knochenerkrankungen, UniversitätsCentrum für Gesundes Altern, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus der Technischen Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland
- Zentrum für Metabolisch-Immunologische Erkrankungen und Therapietechnologien Sachsen (MITS), Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - I Hüning
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - R Morhart
- , Triftstr. 12, 82467, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Deutschland
| | - R Oheim
- Institut für Osteologie und Biomechanik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - O Semler
- Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland
- Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Zentrum für seltene Erkrankungen, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland
| | - H Siggelkow
- Zentrum für Endokrinologie, Osteologie, Rheumatologie, Nuklearmedizin und Humangenetik, MVZ ENDOKRINOLOGIKUM Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Deutschland
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, gastrointestinale Onkologie und Endokrinologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - C Stockklausner
- Abteilung Kinder & Jugendmedizin, Klinikum Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Auenstr. 6, 82467, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Deutschland
| | - H Hoyer-Kuhn
- Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland.
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18
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Wang Z, Zhang N, Zhang M, Jiang Y, Ng AS, Bridges E, Zhang W, Zeng X, Luo Q, Liang J, Győrffy B, Hublitz P, Liang Z, Fischer R, Kerr D, Harris AL, Cai S. GTP Cyclohydrolase Drives Breast Cancer Development and Promotes EMT in an Enzyme-Independent Manner. Cancer Res 2023; 83:3400-3413. [PMID: 37463466 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-3471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
GTP cyclohydrolase (GCH1) is the rate-limiting enzyme for tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) biosynthesis. The catalysis of BH4 biosynthesis is tightly regulated for physiological neurotransmission, inflammation, and vascular tone. Paradoxically, BH4 has emerged as an oncometabolite regulating tumor growth, but the effects on tumor development remain controversial. Here, we found that GCH1 potentiated the growth of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and HER2+ breast cancer and transformed nontumor breast epithelial cells. Independent of BH4 production, GCH1 protein induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by binding to vimentin (Vim), which was mediated by HSP90. Conversely, GCH1 ablation impaired tumor growth, suppressed Vim in TNBC, and inhibited EGFR/ERK signaling while activating the p53 pathway in estrogen receptor-positive tumor cells. GCH1 deficiency increases tumor cell sensitivity to HSP90 inhibition and endocrine treatments. In addition, high GCH1 correlated with poor breast cancer survival. Together, this study reveals an enzyme-independent oncogenic role of GCH1, presenting it as a potential target for therapeutic development. SIGNIFICANCE GTP cyclohydrolase functions as an oncogene in breast cancer and binds vimentin to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition independently of its enzyme activity, which confers targetable vulnerabilities for developing breast cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Wang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Aik Seng Ng
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Bridges
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, University Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Zhang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xin Zeng
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Qi Luo
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital, Xiamen First Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Jiabien Liang
- Xiamen Cancer Hospital, Xiamen First Hospital, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- TTK Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Institute of Enzymology, and Semmelweis University Department Bioinformatics and Department of Paediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Philip Hublitz
- Genome Engineering Facility, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zhu Liang
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Fischer
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David Kerr
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Molecular Oncology Laboratories, University Department of Oncology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Shijie Cai
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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19
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Wellington D, Yin Z, Yu Z, Heilig R, Davis S, Fischer R, Felce SL, Antoun E, Hublitz P, Beveridge R, Dong D, Liu G, Yao X, Peng Y, Kessler BM, Dong T. SARS-CoV-2 mutations affect antigen processing by the proteasome to alter CD8 + T cell responses. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20076. [PMID: 37842619 PMCID: PMC10570596 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations within viral epitopes can result in escape from T cells, but the contribution of mutations in flanking regions of epitopes in SARS-CoV-2 has not been investigated. Focusing on two SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein CD8+ epitopes, we investigated the contribution of these flanking mutations to proteasomal processing and T cell activation. We found decreased NP9-17-B*27:05 CD8+ T cell responses to the NP-Q7K mutation, likely due to a lack of efficient epitope production by the proteasome, suggesting immune escape caused by this mutation. In contrast, NP-P6L and NP-D103 N/Y mutations flanking the NP9-17-B*27:05 and NP105-113-B*07:02 epitopes, respectively, increased CD8+ T cell responses associated with enhanced epitope production by the proteasome. Our results provide evidence that SARS-CoV-2 mutations outside the epitope could have a significant impact on proteasomal processing, either contributing to T cell escape or enhancement that may be exploited for future vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dannielle Wellington
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Zixi Yin
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Zhanru Yu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Raphael Heilig
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Simon Davis
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Suet Ling Felce
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Elie Antoun
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Philip Hublitz
- Genome Engineering Facility, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Ryan Beveridge
- Virus Screening Facility, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Danning Dong
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Guihai Liu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Xuan Yao
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Yanchun Peng
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Benedikt M. Kessler
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Tao Dong
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
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20
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Ortí-Casañ N, Boerema AS, Köpke K, Ebskamp A, Keijser J, Zhang Y, Chen T, Dolga AM, Broersen K, Fischer R, Pfizenmaier K, Kontermann RE, Eisel ULM. The TNFR1 antagonist Atrosimab reduces neuronal loss, glial activation and memory deficits in an acute mouse model of neurodegeneration. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10622. [PMID: 37391534 PMCID: PMC10313728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36846-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and its key role in modulating immune responses has been widely recognized as a therapeutic target for inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Even though inhibition of TNF-α is beneficial for the treatment of certain inflammatory diseases, total neutralization of TNF-α largely failed in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. TNF-α exerts distinct functions depending on interaction with its two TNF receptors, whereby TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) is associated with neuroinflammation and apoptosis and TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2) with neuroprotection and immune regulation. Here, we investigated the effect of administering the TNFR1-specific antagonist Atrosimab, as strategy to block TNFR1 signaling while maintaining TNFR2 signaling unaltered, in an acute mouse model for neurodegeneration. In this model, a NMDA-induced lesion that mimics various hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases, such as memory loss and cell death, was created in the nucleus basalis magnocellularis and Atrosimab or control protein was administered centrally. We showed that Atrosimab attenuated cognitive impairments and reduced neuroinflammation and neuronal cell death. Our results demonstrate that Atrosimab is effective in ameliorating disease symptoms in an acute neurodegenerative mouse model. Altogether, our study indicates that Atrosimab may be a promising candidate for the development of a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ortí-Casañ
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ate S Boerema
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Applied Research Center, Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Science, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Karina Köpke
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Amber Ebskamp
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Keijser
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuequ Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tingting Chen
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Amalia M Dolga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kerensa Broersen
- Applied Stem Cell Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Roman Fischer
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Klaus Pfizenmaier
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Roland E Kontermann
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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21
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Chan DKH, Mandal A, Hester S, Yu Z, Higgins GS, Kessler BM, Fischer R, Buczacki SJA. Biallelic FBXW7 knockout induces AKAP8-mediated DNA damage in neighbouring wildtype cells. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:200. [PMID: 37386001 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01494-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer possesses marked intratumoral heterogeneity. While subclonal interactions between Vogelstein driver mutations have been extensively studied, less is known about competitive or cooperative effects between subclonal populations with other cancer driver mutations. FBXW7 is a cancer driver mutation which is present in close to 17% of colorectal cancer cells. In this study, we generated isogenic FBXW7 mutant cells using CRISPR-Cas9. We identified an upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation and DNA damage in FBXW7 mutant cells, which surprisingly proliferated at a decreased rate compared to wildtype cells. To determine subclonal interactions, wildtype and mutant FBXW7 cells were cocultured using a Transwell system. Wildtype cells cocultured with FBXW7 mutant cells similarly developed DNA damage which was not observed when wildtype cells were co-cultured with other wildtype cells, suggesting that FBXW7 mutant cells were inducing DNA damage in neighbouring wildtype cells. Using mass spectrometry, we identified AKAP8 as being secreted by FBXW7 mutant cells into the coculture media. Furthermore, overexpression of AKAP8 in wildtype cells recapitulated the DNA damage phenotype observed during coculture, while co-culture of wildtype cells with double mutant FBXW7-/-/AKAP8-/- cells abrogated the DNA damage phenotype. Here, we describe a hitherto unknown phenomenon of AKAP8-mediated DNA damage from FBXW7 mutant to neighbouring wildtype cells. Our findings demonstrate the importance of elucidating the local effect of cancer driver mutations between subclonal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dedrick Kok Hong Chan
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amit Mandal
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Svenja Hester
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Zhanru Yu
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Benedikt Mathias Kessler
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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22
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Zenko D, Marsh J, Castle AR, Lewin R, Fischer R, Tofaris GK. Monitoring α-synuclein ubiquitination dynamics reveals key endosomal effectors mediating its trafficking and degradation. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadd8910. [PMID: 37315142 PMCID: PMC10266730 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add8910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
While defective α-synuclein homeostasis is central to Parkinson's pathogenesis, fundamental questions about its degradation remain unresolved. We have developed a bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay in living cells to monitor de novo ubiquitination of α-synuclein and identified lysine residues 45, 58, and 60 as critical ubiquitination sites for its degradation. This is mediated by NBR1 binding and entry into endosomes in a process that involves ESCRT I-III for subsequent lysosomal degradation. Autophagy or the autophagic chaperone Hsc70 is dispensable for this pathway. Antibodies against diglycine-modified α-synuclein peptides confirmed that endogenous α-synuclein is similarly ubiquitinated in the brain and targeted to lysosomes in primary and iPSC-derived neurons. Ubiquitinated α-synuclein was detected in Lewy bodies and cellular models of aggregation, suggesting that it may be entrapped with endo/lysosomes in inclusions. Our data elucidate the intracellular trafficking of de novo ubiquitinated α-synuclein and provide tools for investigating the rapidly turned-over fraction of this disease-causing protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Zenko
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jade Marsh
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew R. Castle
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rahel Lewin
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - George K. Tofaris
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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23
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Kliszczak M, Moralli D, Jankowska JD, Bryjka P, Subha Meem L, Goncalves T, Hester SS, Fischer R, Clynes D, Green CM. Loss of FAM111B protease mutated in hereditary fibrosing poikiloderma negatively regulates telomere length. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1175069. [PMID: 37342232 PMCID: PMC10277729 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1175069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hereditary fibrosing poikiloderma (HFP) is a rare human dominant negative disorder caused by mutations in the FAM111B gene that encodes a nuclear trypsin-like serine protease. HFP patients present with symptoms including skin abnormalities, tendon contractures, myopathy and lung fibrosis. We characterized the cellular roles of human FAM111B using U2OS and MCF7 cell lines and report here that the protease interacts with components of the nuclear pore complex. Loss of FAM111B expression resulted in abnormal nuclear shape and reduced telomeric DNA content suggesting that FAM111B protease is required for normal telomere length; we show that this function is independent of telomerase or recombination driven telomere extension. Even though FAM111B-deficient cells were proficient in DNA repair, they showed hallmarks of genomic instability such as increased levels of micronuclei and ultra-fine DNA bridges. When mutated as in HFP, FAM111B was more frequently localized to the nuclear envelope, suggesting that accumulation of the mutated protease at the nuclear periphery may drive the disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Kliszczak
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daniela Moralli
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Julia D. Jankowska
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paulina Bryjka
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lamia Subha Meem
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tomas Goncalves
- Oncology Department, Weatherall Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Svenja S. Hester
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Fischer
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David Clynes
- Oncology Department, Weatherall Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine M. Green
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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24
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Bharucha T, Gangadharan B, Kumar A, Myall AC, Ayhan N, Pastorino B, Chanthongthip A, Vongsouvath M, Mayxay M, Sengvilaipaseuth O, Phonemixay O, Rattanavong S, O'Brien DP, Vendrell I, Fischer R, Kessler B, Turtle L, de Lamballerie X, Dubot-Pérès A, Newton PN, Zitzmann N. Deep Proteomics Network and Machine Learning Analysis of Human Cerebrospinal Fluid in Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection. J Proteome Res 2023. [PMID: 37219084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis virus is a leading cause of neurological infection in the Asia-Pacific region with no means of detection in more remote areas. We aimed to test the hypothesis of a Japanese encephalitis (JE) protein signature in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that could be harnessed in a rapid diagnostic test (RDT), contribute to understanding the host response and predict outcome during infection. Liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), using extensive offline fractionation and tandem mass tag labeling (TMT), enabled comparison of the deep CSF proteome in JE vs other confirmed neurological infections (non-JE). Verification was performed using data-independent acquisition (DIA) LC-MS/MS. 5,070 proteins were identified, including 4,805 human proteins and 265 pathogen proteins. Feature selection and predictive modeling using TMT analysis of 147 patient samples enabled the development of a nine-protein JE diagnostic signature. This was tested using DIA analysis of an independent group of 16 patient samples, demonstrating 82% accuracy. Ultimately, validation in a larger group of patients and different locations could help refine the list to 2-3 proteins for an RDT. The mass spectrometry proteomics data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the dataset identifier PXD034789 and 10.6019/PXD034789.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehmina Bharucha
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, OX1 3QU, Oxford, U.K
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, OX1 3QU, Oxford, U.K
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, 0100 Lao PDR
| | - Bevin Gangadharan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, OX1 3QU, Oxford, U.K
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, OX1 3QU, Oxford, U.K
| | - Abhinav Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, OX1 3QU, Oxford, U.K
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, OX1 3QU, Oxford, U.K
| | - Ashleigh C Myall
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, U.K
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, U.K
| | - Nazli Ayhan
- Unité Des Virus Emergents UVE, Aix Marseille Univ, IRD190, INSERM 1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Boris Pastorino
- Unité Des Virus Emergents UVE, Aix Marseille Univ, IRD190, INSERM 1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Anisone Chanthongthip
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, 0100 Lao PDR
| | - Manivanh Vongsouvath
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, 0100 Lao PDR
| | - Mayfong Mayxay
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, 0100 Lao PDR
- Institute of Research and Education Development (IRED), University of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Vientiane 43130, Lao PDR
- Centre for Tropical Medicine & Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LG, U.K
| | - Onanong Sengvilaipaseuth
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, 0100 Lao PDR
| | - Ooyanong Phonemixay
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, 0100 Lao PDR
| | - Sayaphet Rattanavong
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, 0100 Lao PDR
| | - Darragh P O'Brien
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K
| | - Iolanda Vendrell
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K
| | - Benedikt Kessler
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, U.K
| | - Lance Turtle
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, U.K
- Tropical and Infectious Disease Unit, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (Member of Liverpool Health Partners), Liverpool L69 7BE, U.K
| | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- Unité Des Virus Emergents UVE, Aix Marseille Univ, IRD190, INSERM 1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Audrey Dubot-Pérès
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, 0100 Lao PDR
- Unité Des Virus Emergents UVE, Aix Marseille Univ, IRD190, INSERM 1207, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille 13005, France
- Centre for Tropical Medicine & Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LG, U.K
| | - Paul N Newton
- Lao-Oxford-Mahosot Hospital-Wellcome Trust Research Unit (LOMWRU), Microbiology Laboratory, Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, 0100 Lao PDR
- Centre for Tropical Medicine & Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LG, U.K
| | - Nicole Zitzmann
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, OX1 3QU, Oxford, U.K
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, OX1 3QU, Oxford, U.K
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25
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Bielfeld AP, Schwarze JE, Verpillat P, Lispi M, Fischer R, Hayward B, Chuderland D, D'Hooghe T, Krussel JS. Effectiveness of recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone (r-hFSH): recombinant human luteinizing hormone versus r-hFSH alone in assisted reproductive technology treatment cycles among women aged 35-40 years: A German database study. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2023; 89:102350. [PMID: 37320996 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2023.102350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This non-interventional study compared the effectiveness of recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone (r-hFSH) and recombinant human luteinizing hormone (r-hLH) (2:1 ratio) versus r-hFSH alone for ovarian stimulation (OS) during assisted reproductive technology treatment in women aged 35-40 years, using real-world data from the Deutsches IVF-Register (D·I·R). Numerically higher clinical pregnancy (29.8% [95% CI 28.2, 31.6] vs. 27.8% [26.5, 29.2]) and live birth (20.3% [18.7, 21.8] vs. 18.0% [16.6, 19.4]) rates were observed with r-hFSH:r-hLH versus r-hFSH alone. The treatment effect was consistently higher for r-hFSH:r-hLH compared with r-hFSH alone in terms of clinical pregnancy (relative risk [RR] 1.16 [1.05, 1.26]) and live birth (RR 1.16 [1.02, 1.31]) in a post-hoc analysis of women with 5-14 oocytes retrieved (used as a surrogate for normal ovarian reserve), highlighting the potential benefits of r-hFSH:r-hLH for OS in women aged 35-40 years with normal ovarian reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Bielfeld
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, UniKiD Center for Reproductive Medicine (UniKiD), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - J E Schwarze
- Global Medical Affairs Fertility, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany.
| | - P Verpillat
- Global Epidemiology, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany.
| | - M Lispi
- Global Medical Affairs Fertility, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany; PhD School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Viale A. Allegri 9. 42121, Emilia-Romagna, Italy.
| | - R Fischer
- Fertility Centre Hamburg, 20095, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - B Hayward
- EMD Serono, One Technology Place, Rockland, MA 02370, USA, and affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - D Chuderland
- Global Medical Affairs Fertility, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany.
| | - T D'Hooghe
- Global Medical Affairs Fertility, Merck Healthcare KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany; Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Endometrium, Endometriosis & Reproductive Medicine, KU Leuven, Oude Markt 13, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University Medical School, 333 Cedar St, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
| | - J S Krussel
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, UniKiD Center for Reproductive Medicine (UniKiD), Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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26
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Pegoretti V, Bauer J, Fischer R, Paro I, Douwenga W, Kontermann RE, Pfizenmaier K, Houben E, Broux B, Hellings N, Baron W, Laman JD, Eisel ULM. Sequential treatment with a TNFR2 agonist and a TNFR1 antagonist improves outcomes in a humanized mouse model for MS. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:106. [PMID: 37138340 PMCID: PMC10157968 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02785-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
TNF signaling is an essential regulator of cellular homeostasis. Through its two receptors TNFR1 and TNFR2, soluble versus membrane-bound TNF enable cell death or survival in a variety of cell types. TNF-TNFRs signaling orchestrates important biological functions such as inflammation, neuronal activity as well as tissue de- and regeneration. TNF-TNFRs signaling is a therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), but animal and clinical studies yielded conflicting findings. Here, we ask whether a sequential modulation of TNFR1 and TNFR2 signaling is beneficial in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an experimental mouse model that recapitulates inflammatory and demyelinating aspects of MS. To this end, human TNFR1 antagonist and TNFR2 agonist were administered peripherally at different stages of disease development in TNFR-humanized mice. We found that stimulating TNFR2 before onset of symptoms leads to improved response to anti-TNFR1 therapeutic treatment. This sequential treatment was more effective in decreasing paralysis symptoms and demyelination, when compared to single treatments. Interestingly, the frequency of the different immune cell subsets is unaffected by TNFR modulation. Nevertheless, treatment with only a TNFR1 antagonist increases T-cell infiltration in the central nervous system (CNS) and B-cell cuffing at the perivascular sites, whereas a TNFR2 agonist promotes Treg CNS accumulation. Our findings highlight the complicated nature of TNF signaling which requires a timely balance of selective activation and inhibition of TNFRs in order to exert therapeutic effects in the context of CNS autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pegoretti
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Science (GELIFES), University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Stuttgart Research Centre Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jan Bauer
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roman Fischer
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Stuttgart Research Centre Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iskra Paro
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Science (GELIFES), University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wanda Douwenga
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Science (GELIFES), University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Roland E Kontermann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Stuttgart Research Centre Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Klaus Pfizenmaier
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Stuttgart Research Centre Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Evelien Houben
- Neuroimmune Connections and Repair (NIC&R) Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, 3590, Hasselt, Belgium
- University MS Centre, 3590, Hasselt/Pelt, Belgium
| | - Bieke Broux
- Neuroimmune Connections and Repair (NIC&R) Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, 3590, Hasselt, Belgium
- University MS Centre, 3590, Hasselt/Pelt, Belgium
| | - Niels Hellings
- Neuroimmune Connections and Repair (NIC&R) Lab, Department of Immunology and Infection, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, 3590, Hasselt, Belgium
- University MS Centre, 3590, Hasselt/Pelt, Belgium
| | - Wia Baron
- Department Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems (BSCS), Section Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jon D Laman
- Department Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Centre Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute of Evolutionary Life Science (GELIFES), University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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27
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Fowler SL, Behr TS, Turkes E, Cauhy PM, Foiani MS, Schaler A, Crowley G, Bez S, Ficulle E, Tsefou E, O'Brien DP, Fischer R, Geary B, Gaur P, Miller C, D'Acunzo P, Levy E, Duff KE, Ryskeldi-Falcon B. Tau filaments are tethered within brain extracellular vesicles in Alzheimer's disease. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.30.537820. [PMID: 37163117 PMCID: PMC10168373 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.30.537820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The abnormal assembly of tau protein in neurons is the pathological hallmark of multiple neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition, assembled tau associates with extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the central nervous system of patients with AD, which is linked to its clearance and prion-like propagation between neurons. However, the identities of the assembled tau species and the EVs, as well as how they associate, are not known. Here, we combined quantitative mass spectrometry, cryo-electron tomography and single-particle cryo-electron microscopy to study brain EVs from AD patients. We found filaments of truncated tau enclosed within EVs enriched in endo-lysosomal proteins. We observed multiple filament interactions, including with molecules that tethered filaments to the EV limiting membrane, suggesting selective packaging. Our findings will guide studies into the molecular mechanisms of EV-mediated secretion of assembled tau and inform the targeting of EV-associated tau as potential therapeutic and biomarker strategies for AD.
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Fiedler T, Fairless R, Pichi K, Fischer R, Richter F, Kontermann RE, Pfizenmaier K, Diem R, Williams SK. Co-modulation of TNFR1 and TNFR2 in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:100. [PMID: 37122019 PMCID: PMC10149004 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02784-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a pleiotropic cytokine and master regulator of the immune system. It acts through two receptors resulting in often opposing biological effects, which may explain the lack of therapeutic potential obtained so far in multiple sclerosis (MS) with non-receptor-specific anti-TNF therapeutics. Under neuroinflammatory conditions, such as MS, TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1) is believed to mediate the pro-inflammatory activities associated with TNF, whereas TNF receptor-2 (TNFR2) may instead induce anti-inflammatory effects as well as promote remyelination and neuroprotection. In this study, we have investigated the therapeutic potential of blocking TNFR1 whilst simultaneously stimulating TNFR2 in a mouse model of MS. METHODS Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35-55) in humanized TNFR1 knock-in mice. These were treated with a human-specific TNFR1-selective antagonistic antibody (H398) and a mouse-specific TNFR2 agonist (EHD2-sc-mTNFR2), both in combination and individually. Histopathological analysis of spinal cords was performed to investigate demyelination and inflammatory infiltration, as well as axonal and neuronal degeneration. Retinas were examined for any protective effects on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration and neuroprotective signalling pathways analysed by Western blotting. RESULTS TNFR modulation successfully ameliorated symptoms of EAE and reduced demyelination, inflammatory infiltration and axonal degeneration. Furthermore, the combinatorial approach of blocking TNFR1 and stimulating TNFR2 signalling increased RGC survival and promoted the phosphorylation of Akt and NF-κB, both known to mediate neuroprotection. CONCLUSION These results further support the potential of regulating the balance of TNFR signalling, through the co-modulation of TNFR1 and TNFR2 activity, as a novel therapeutic approach in treating inflammatory demyelinating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timon Fiedler
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Otto-Mayerhof-Zentrum (OMZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richard Fairless
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Otto-Mayerhof-Zentrum (OMZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kira Pichi
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Otto-Mayerhof-Zentrum (OMZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roman Fischer
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- BioNtech SE, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Fabian Richter
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 15, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Roland E Kontermann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Klaus Pfizenmaier
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ricarda Diem
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Otto-Mayerhof-Zentrum (OMZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sarah K Williams
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Otto-Mayerhof-Zentrum (OMZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Juhl R, Birnbaum B, Barnes A, Gibson W, Mullapudi B, Lang B, Faseler M, Heble D, Urban V, Fischer R, Gannon J, Sutcliffe D. A Metabolic, Mechanical, Multi-Organ Masterpiece: Durable Device Support Bridge to Heart-Liver Transplantation in Propionic Acidemia. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Wadhwa S, Yoon A, Kister K, Bolin I, Chintalapudi N, Besmer A, Cantos A, Shah J, Gaitonde S, Granger S, Bryce C, Fischer R, Eisig S, Yin M. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and inflammatory cytokines in saliva-a pilot study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:267-271. [PMID: 36846089 PMCID: PMC9937664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to have a profound effect worldwide. However, COVID-19 induced oral facial manifestations have not been fully described. We conducted a prospective study to demonstrate feasibility of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and inflammatory cytokine detection in saliva. Our primary objective was to determine whether COVID-19 PCR positive patients with xerostomia or loss of taste had altered serum or saliva cytokine levels compared to COVID-19 PCR positive patients without those oral symptoms. Our secondary objective was to determine the correlation between serum and saliva COVID-19 antibody levels. Materials and methods For cytokine analysis, saliva and serum were obtained from 17 participants with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection at three sequential time points, yielding 48 saliva samples and 19 paired saliva-serum samples from 14 of the 17 patients. For COVID-19 antibody analyses, an additional 27 paired saliva-serum samples from 22 patients were purchased. Results The saliva antibody assay had 88.64% sensitivity [95% Confidence Interval (CI) 75.44%, 96.21%] to detect SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies compared to serum antibody. Among the inflammatory cytokines assessed - IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-13, IL-2, IL-5, IL-7 and IL-17A, xerostomia correlated with lower levels of saliva IL-2 and TNF-α, and elevated levels of serum IL-12p70 and IL-10 (p < 0.05). Loss of taste was observed in patients with elevated serum IL-8 (p < 0.05). Conclusions Further studies are needed to construct a robust saliva-based COVID-19 assay to assess antibody and inflammatory cytokine response, which has potential utility as a non-invasive monitoring modality during COVID-19 convalescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Wadhwa
- Division of Orthodontics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - A.J. Yoon
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - K. Kister
- Division of Orthodontics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - I. Bolin
- Division of Orthodontics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - N. Chintalapudi
- Division of Orthodontics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - A. Besmer
- Division of Orthodontics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - A. Cantos
- Department of Medicine Infectious Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - J. Shah
- Department of Medicine Infectious Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - C. Bryce
- Salimetrics, LLC, Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | | | - S.B. Eisig
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - M.T. Yin
- Department of Medicine Infectious Disease, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Marie PP, Fan S, Mason J, Wells A, Mendes CC, Wainwright SM, Scott S, Fischer R, Harris AL, Wilson C, Goberdhan DCI. Accessory ESCRT-III proteins are conserved and selective regulators of Rab11a-exosome formation. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12311. [PMID: 36872252 PMCID: PMC9986085 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are secreted nanovesicles with potent signalling activity that are initially formed as intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) in late Rab7-positive multivesicular endosomes, and also in recycling Rab11a-positive endosomes, particularly under some forms of nutrient stress. The core proteins of the Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) participate in exosome biogenesis and ILV-mediated destruction of ubiquitinylated cargos. Accessory ESCRT-III components have reported roles in ESCRT-III-mediated vesicle scission, but their precise functions are poorly defined. They frequently only appear essential under stress. Comparative proteomics analysis of human small extracellular vesicles revealed that accessory ESCRT-III proteins, CHMP1A, CHMP1B, CHMP5 and IST1, are increased in Rab11a-enriched exosome preparations. We show that these proteins are required to form ILVs in Drosophila secondary cell recycling endosomes, but unlike core ESCRTs, they are not involved in degradation of ubiquitinylated proteins in late endosomes. Furthermore, CHMP5 knockdown in human HCT116 colorectal cancer cells selectively inhibits Rab11a-exosome production. Accessory ESCRT-III knockdown suppresses seminal fluid-mediated reproductive signalling by secondary cells and the growth-promoting activity of Rab11a-exosome-containing EVs from HCT116 cells. We conclude that accessory ESCRT-III components have a specific, ubiquitin-independent role in Rab11a-exosome generation, a mechanism that might be targeted to selectively block pro-tumorigenic activities of these vesicles in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline P. Marie
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Shih‐Jung Fan
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - John Mason
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Adam Wells
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Cláudia C. Mendes
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - S. Mark Wainwright
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Sheherezade Scott
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | | | - Clive Wilson
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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Davies AJ, Lleixà C, Siles AM, Gourlay DS, Berridge G, Dejnirattisai W, Ramírez-Santana C, Anaya JM, Falconar AK, Romero-Vivas CM, Osorio L, Parra B, Screaton GR, Mongkolsapaya J, Fischer R, Pardo CA, Halstead SK, Willison HJ, Querol L, Rinaldi S. Guillain-Barré Syndrome Following Zika Virus Infection Is Associated With a Diverse Spectrum of Peripheral Nerve Reactive Antibodies. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2022; 10:10/1/e200047. [PMID: 36411078 PMCID: PMC9679884 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Recent outbreaks of Zika virus (ZIKV) in South and Central America have highlighted significant neurologic side effects. Concurrence with the inflammatory neuropathy Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is observed in 1:4,000 ZIKV cases. Whether the neurologic symptoms of ZIKV infection are immune mediated is unclear. We used rodent and human live cellular models to screen for anti-peripheral nerve reactive IgG and IgM autoantibodies in the sera of patients with ZIKV with and without GBS. METHODS In this study, 52 patients with ZIKV-GBS were compared with 134 ZIKV-infected patients without GBS and 91 non-ZIKV controls. Positive sera were taken forward for target identification by immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, and candidate antigens were validated by ELISA and cell-based assays. Autoantibody reactions against glycolipid antigens were also screened on an array. RESULTS Overall, IgG antibody reactivities to rat Schwann cells (SCs) (6.5%) and myelinated cocultures (9.6%) were significantly higher, albeit infrequent, in the ZIKV-GBS group compared with all controls. IgM antibody immunoreactivity to dorsal root ganglia neurones (32.3%) and SCs (19.4%) was more frequently observed in the ZIKV-GBS group compared with other controls, whereas IgM reactivity to cocultures was as common in ZIKV and non-ZIKV sera. Strong axonal-binding ZIKV-GBS serum IgG antibodies from 1 patient were confirmed to react with neurofascin 155 and 186. Serum from a ZIKV-infected patient without GBS displayed strong myelin-binding and putative antilipid antigen reaction characteristics. There was, however, no significant association of ZIKV-GBS with any known antiglycolipid antibodies. DISCUSSION Autoantibody responses in ZIKV-GBS target heterogeneous peripheral nerve antigens suggesting heterogeneity of the humoral immune response despite a common prodromal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Davies
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Cinta Lleixà
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ana M Siles
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Dawn S Gourlay
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Georgina Berridge
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wanwisa Dejnirattisai
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Carolina Ramírez-Santana
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Juan-Manuel Anaya
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Andrew K Falconar
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Claudia M Romero-Vivas
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lyda Osorio
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Beatriz Parra
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Gavin R Screaton
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Juthathip Mongkolsapaya
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Roman Fischer
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Carlos A Pardo
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Susan K Halstead
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hugh J Willison
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Luis Querol
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Simon Rinaldi
- From the Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (A.J.D., S.R.), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK; Neuromuscular Diseases Unit (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Neurology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Centro para la Investigación Biomédica en red en Enfermedades Raras-(CIBERER) Madrid (C.L., A.M.S., L.Q.), Spain; Institute of Infection (D.S.G., S.K.H., H.J.W.), Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, University Place, UK; Target Discovery Institute (G.B., R.F.), NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (W.D., G.R.S., J.M.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK; Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research (CREA) (C.R.-S., J.-M.A.), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Medicina (A.K.F., C.M.R.-V.), Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia; Grupo de Epidemiología y Salud Poblacional (GESP) (L.O.,), School of Public Health, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Department of Microbiology (B.P.), School of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit (J.M.), Office for Research and Development, Siriraj Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Neurology (C.A.P.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and LifeFactors (J.-M.A.), Rionegro, Colombia; Division of Emerging Infectious Disease (W.D.), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Fischer R, Seebauer CT, Zeman F, Bohr C, Hosemann W, Weber R, Rohrmeier C, Kuehnel TS. Effectiveness of the lateral pedicled endonasal flap for prevention of restenosis in frontal sinus drillouts. Rhinology 2022; 60:462-470. [PMID: 36259682 DOI: 10.4193/rhin22.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frontal sinus median drainage according to Draf is an established procedure for achieving maximum drainage of the frontal sinus. Despite great efforts and several modifications, restenosis of the neo-ostium is still a persistent problem. This study presents an approach by implementing local mucosal flaps to prevent restenosis and compares it with the conventional technique without using the flap. METHODS Description of endonasal, lateral pedicle mucosal flap. A Draf III procedure was performed on 156 patients between 2012 and 2021. Data for 123 of the included patients were retrospectively analyzed in terms of surgical indication, technique, postoperative aftercare and patency of the drainage pathway. The follow-up observation period was between 3 and 24 months. RESULTS Treatment with the pedicle mucosal flap took place in 86 cases. 37 patients were treated as a control group without this flap. The analysis showed a significant association to the event "total closure of the drainage pathway" for surgical technique, as well as in the case of the presence of an allergy and the existence of Samter's triad. Furthermore, there was a significant association between the onset of "near total closure of the frontal sinus ostium" and Samter's triad, CRS and revision surgery was involved. CONCLUSIONS Use of an endonasal lateral pedicle flap for reconstruction of mucosal defects in frontal sinus surgery improves the long-term chances of a patent drainage pathway. Bone exposed by drilling was covered with a local mucosal flap for a faster epithelialization, healing and less scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fischer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - C T Seebauer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - F Zeman
- Centre for Clinical Studies, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - C Bohr
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - W Hosemann
- Helios Clinic Stralsund, Stralsund, Germany
| | - R Weber
- Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - C Rohrmeier
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany and ENT medicinal office, Straubing, German
| | - T S Kuehnel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Harrer GF, Faitsch M, Radovanovic L, Wolfrum E, Albert C, Cathey A, Cavedon M, Dunne M, Eich T, Fischer R, Griener M, Hoelzl M, Labit B, Meyer H, Aumayr F. Quasicontinuous Exhaust Scenario for a Fusion Reactor: The Renaissance of Small Edge Localized Modes. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:165001. [PMID: 36306746 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.165001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tokamak operational regimes with small edge localized modes (ELMs) could be a solution to the problem of large transient heat loads in fusion reactors. A ballooning mode near the last closed flux surface governed by the pressure gradient and the magnetic shear there has been proposed for small ELMs. In this Letter, we experimentally investigate several stabilizing effects near the last closed flux surface and present linear ideal simulations that indeed develop ballooninglike fluctuations there and connect them with nonlinear resistive simulations. The dimensionless parameters of the small ELM regime in the region of interest are very similar to those in a reactor, making this regime the ideal exhaust scenario for a future device.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Harrer
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Fusion@ÖAW, Vienna, Austria
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - M Faitsch
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - L Radovanovic
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Fusion@ÖAW, Vienna, Austria
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - E Wolfrum
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - C Albert
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics, TU Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Cathey
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - M Cavedon
- Dipartimento di Fisica "G. Occhialini," Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - M Dunne
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - T Eich
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - R Fischer
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - M Griener
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - M Hoelzl
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Garching, Germany
| | - B Labit
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Swiss Plasma Center (SPC), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - H Meyer
- CCFE, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom
| | - F Aumayr
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Fusion@ÖAW, Vienna, Austria
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Heslop E, Cammish P, McNiff M, Pegg K, Irvin A, Reuben E, Johnson A, Gaeta A, Turner C, Fischer R, Peay H, Muntoni F, Childs A, Straub V, Guglieri M. P.125 DMD Hub: A UK network enabling trials in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Neuromuscul Disord 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.07.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Scheffler M, Dugan M, Saleh M, Koleczko S, Brägelmann J, Arolt C, Nogova L, Riedel R, Michels S, Eisert A, Fischer R, Scharpenseel H, Weber JP, Scheel A, Merkelbach-Bruse S, Büttner R, Lafleur F, Wild R, Catanzariti L, Hillmer A, Wolf J. EP08.02-106 KEAP1/NFE2L2 Transcriptomic Signature Predicts Survival in Advanced Stage NSCLC Patients Without Actionable Driver Mutations. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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37
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Glaser M, von Levetzow C, Michels S, Nogova L, Katzenmeier M, Wömpner C, Schmitz J, Bitter E, Terjung I, Passmann E, Schaufler D, Eisert A, Fischer R, Riedel R, Weber JP, Hahne S, Merkelbach-Bruse S, Büttner R, Wolf J, Scheffler M. EP08.02-114 Comprehensive Analysis of ROS1 Aberrations without Rearrangements in Non-small cell Lung Cancer Patients. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Nazri H, Heilig R, Fischer R, Kessler B, Subramaniam K, Becker C, Tapmeier T. O-027 Small extracellular vesicle (sEV) protein cargo as potential biomarker for endometriosis. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac104.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Can an endometriosis-specific protein signature in small extracellular vesicles (sEV) from peritoneal fluid (PF) be utilised as a non-invasive biomarker of the condition?
Summary answer
Yes, potentially. We found differences in the concentrations and protein cargo of PF-derived sEV between controls and endometriosis samples, most notably in CD44 expression.
What is known already
Endometriosis, defined as endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, causes pain and/or subfertility in 10% of reproductive age women. The cause is unknown, resulting in inadequate diagnostic methods and treatment options. There is no clinically relevant biomarker for endometriosis yet. Small extracellular vesicles (sEV), produced by virtually every cell, have been described in diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and pre-eclampsia, and could similarly be important in endometriosis. We previously identified sEV in PF of women with endometriosis, and here investigated the protein cargo of PF sEV as biomarker of the disease.
Study design, size, duration
PF samples were obtained from participants in the ENDOX study, Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Women’s and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford (REC ref. 09/H0604/58) according to WERF EPHect standards. Women between 18-49 years of age (n = 63) who had undergone diagnostic laparoscopy were classified according to cycle phase (proliferative/secretory/menstrual) and severity of endometriosis (ASRM stages I+II or stages III+IV). Exclusion criteria were hormonal treatment, malignancy, pregnancy, breastfeeding, and inability to understand the consent form.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
The participant groups were control proliferative, n = 7; control secretory, n = 9; control menstrual, n = 3; StI+II proliferative, n = 8; StI+II secretory, n = 10; St1+II menstrual, n = 7; StIII+IV proliferative, n = 5; StIII+IV secretory, n = 11; StIII+IV menstrual, n = 3. 1 mL PF was centrifuged to remove cells, debris, and microvesicles. sEV were isolated using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and analysed by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), immunoblotting, and mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
Main results and the role of chance
We confirmed the presence of exosomes in PF from women at different stages of endometriosis and from disease-free patients at different menstrual cycle phases by NTA, immunoblotting and mass spectrometry. Enriched sEV were positive for ALIX, CD9, and syntenin. The mode size of PF particles from women with endometriosis was 115 ± 15.5 nm, whereas in non-endometriotic women it was 95 ± 17.3 nm (n.s.). sEV concentrations were higher in endometriosis compared to controls, and highest in stage III-IV endometriosis, followed by stage I-II endometriosis and controls, irrespective of menstrual cycle phase (P = 0.0210). sEV concentration in stage III-IV endometriosis decreased consistent with a transition from proliferative to secretory phase. Likewise, PF-derived sEV numbers within stage I-II endometriosis samples increased, as these samples transitioned from proliferative to secretory cycle phases. Proteomic analysis showed distinct distribution patterns of proteins within endometriosis PF-derived sEVs compared to controls. Consistent with earlier studies, we found CD44 as an sEV protein uniquely within the endometriosis population and contributing significantly to the separation of endometriosis and control samples by the highest variable importance projection (VIP) score in our data set.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The main limitation of this study is the small number of samples across the different groups, and the limited amount of PF per sample.
Wider implications of the findings
PF-derived sEV differ between endometriosis and control patients. Concentrations vary regardless of cycle phase and disease stage, and this difference appears to be reflected in the proteomics analysis. The presence of CD44 within sEV could help diagnose endometriosis.
Trial registration number
not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nazri
- Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health- University of Oxford, Oxford , United Kingdom
| | - R Heilig
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine- University of Oxford, Oxford , United Kingdom
| | - R Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine- University of Oxford, Oxford , United Kingdom
| | - B Kessler
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine- University of Oxford, Oxford , United Kingdom
| | - K Subramaniam
- Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health- University of Oxford, Oxford , United Kingdom
- St John’s Institute of Dermatology, King's College London , London, United Kingdom
| | - C Becker
- Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health- University of Oxford, Oxford , United Kingdom
| | - T Tapmeier
- Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health- University of Oxford, Oxford , United Kingdom
- Monash University, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology , Clayton- Melbourne, Australia
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research , Clayton- Melbourne, Australia
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Merrild NG, Holzmann V, Ariosa-Morejon Y, Faull PA, Coleman J, Barrell WB, Young G, Fischer R, Kelly DJ, Addison O, Vincent TL, Grigoriadis AE, Gentleman E. Local depletion of proteoglycans mediates cartilage tissue repair in an ex vivo integration model. Acta Biomater 2022; 149:179-188. [PMID: 35779773 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Successfully replacing damaged cartilage with tissue-engineered constructs requires integration with the host tissue and could benefit from leveraging the native tissue's intrinsic healing capacity; however, efforts are limited by a poor understanding of how cartilage repairs minor defects. Here, we investigated the conditions that foster natural cartilage tissue repair to identify strategies that might be exploited to enhance the integration of engineered/grafted cartilage with host tissue. We damaged porcine articular cartilage explants and using a combination of pulsed SILAC-based proteomics, ultrastructural imaging, and catabolic enzyme blocking strategies reveal that integration of damaged cartilage surfaces is not driven by neo-matrix synthesis, but rather local depletion of proteoglycans. ADAMTS4 expression and activity are upregulated in injured cartilage explants, but integration could be reduced by inhibiting metalloproteinase activity with TIMP3. These observations suggest that catabolic enzyme-mediated proteoglycan depletion likely allows existing collagen fibrils to undergo cross-linking, fibrillogenesis, or entanglement, driving integration. Catabolic enzymes are often considered pathophysiological markers of osteoarthritis. Our findings suggest that damage-induced upregulation of metalloproteinase activity may be a part of a healing response that tips towards tissue destruction under pathological conditions and in osteoarthritis, but could also be harnessed in tissue engineering strategies to mediate repair. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Cartilage tissue engineering strategies require graft integration with the surrounding tissue; however, how the native tissue repairs minor injuries is poorly understood. We applied pulsed SILAC-based proteomics, ultrastructural imaging, and catabolic enzyme blocking strategies to a porcine cartilage explant model and found that integration of damaged cartilage surfaces is driven by catabolic enzyme-mediated local depletion of proteoglycans. Although catabolic enzymes have been implicated in cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis, our findings suggest that damage-induced upregulation of metalloproteinase activity may be a part of a healing response that tips towards tissue destruction under pathological conditions. They also suggest that this natural cartilage tissue repair process could be harnessed in tissue engineering strategies to enhance the integration of engineered cartilage with host tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Groth Merrild
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Viktoria Holzmann
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Yoanna Ariosa-Morejon
- Centre for OA Pathogenesis Versus Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Peter A Faull
- College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Jennifer Coleman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - William B Barrell
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Gloria Young
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Daniel J Kelly
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Owen Addison
- Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Tonia L Vincent
- Centre for OA Pathogenesis Versus Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
| | | | - Eileen Gentleman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK.
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Céspedes PF, Jainarayanan A, Fernández-Messina L, Valvo S, Saliba DG, Kurz E, Kvalvaag A, Chen L, Ganskow C, Colin-York H, Fritzsche M, Peng Y, Dong T, Johnson E, Siller-Farfán JA, Dushek O, Sezgin E, Peacock B, Law A, Aubert D, Engledow S, Attar M, Hester S, Fischer R, Sánchez-Madrid F, Dustin ML. T-cell trans-synaptic vesicles are distinct and carry greater effector content than constitutive extracellular vesicles. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3460. [PMID: 35710644 PMCID: PMC9203538 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31160-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunological synapse is a molecular hub that facilitates the delivery of three activation signals, namely antigen, costimulation/corepression and cytokines, from antigen-presenting cells (APC) to T cells. T cells release a fourth class of signaling entities, trans-synaptic vesicles (tSV), to mediate bidirectional communication. Here we present bead-supported lipid bilayers (BSLB) as versatile synthetic APCs to capture, characterize and advance the understanding of tSV biogenesis. Specifically, the integration of juxtacrine signals, such as CD40 and antigen, results in the adaptive tailoring and release of tSV, which differ in size, yields and immune receptor cargo compared with steadily released extracellular vesicles (EVs). Focusing on CD40L+ tSV as model effectors, we show that PD-L1 trans-presentation together with TSG101, ADAM10 and CD81 are key in determining CD40L vesicular release. Lastly, we find greater RNA-binding protein and microRNA content in tSV compared with EVs, supporting the specialized role of tSV as intercellular messengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo F Céspedes
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Ashwin Jainarayanan
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lola Fernández-Messina
- Immunology Service, Hospital de la Princesa, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Intercellular communication in the inflammatory response. Vascular Physiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Salvatore Valvo
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David G Saliba
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Elke Kurz
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Audun Kvalvaag
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lina Chen
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Charity Ganskow
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Huw Colin-York
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marco Fritzsche
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yanchun Peng
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tao Dong
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) Oxford Institute (COI), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Errin Johnson
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Omer Dushek
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Simon Engledow
- Oxford Genomics Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Moustafa Attar
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Genomics Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Svenja Hester
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Immunology Service, Hospital de la Princesa, Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Intercellular communication in the inflammatory response. Vascular Physiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael L Dustin
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, The University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Carroll TM, Chadwick JA, Owen RP, White MJ, Kaplinsky J, Peneva I, Frangou A, Chang J, Xie PF, Roth A, Amess B, Lou H, McCann KJ, Berridge G, Fischer R, Phetsouphanh C, Omiyale AO, Jacobs BA, Ahern D, Lord SR, Norris-Bulpitt S, Dobbie ST, Griffiths L, Ramirez KA, Ricciardi T, Macri MJ, Ryan A, Venhaus RR, Van den Eynde BJ, Karydis I, Kessler BM, Schuster-Böckler B, Middleton MR, Lu X. Abstract 1247: Comprehensive molecular profiling to predict first-line immunochemotherapy outcomes in inoperable esophageal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-1247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
For patients with inoperable esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), prognosis on conventional chemotherapy (CTX) remains poor. In 2021, the FDA approved two αPD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for addition to fluoropyrimidine/platinum-containing CTX in this first-line setting. As ICI+CTX enters the clinic, understanding ICI responses and predicting which patients will benefit from ICI addition are key challenges. To address these challenges, we assessed clinical and molecular profiles from the experimental LUD2015-005 trial (NCT02735239, EudraCT 2015-005298-19). Treatment consisted of an initial four-week ICI-only window with durvalumab (αPD-L1) with or without a single dose of tremelimumab (αCTLA-4), followed by 6 cycles of ICI+CTX (CapOx). 38 inoperable patients received treatment (35 EAC; 3 ESCC); median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 13.4 and 9.3 months, respectively. All patients reported at least one treatment emergent adverse event (TEAE), with 29 (76.3%) reporting grade 3 or higher TEAEs. EAC patients with available samples (n = 33) were taken forward for biomarker analysis, using tumor and adjacent normal biopsies collected at pre-treatment (PreTx), after four weeks of ICI-only (ICI-4W), and at the end of ICI+CTX (PostTx).
Transcriptomic comparison of paired PreTx and ICI-4W EAC biopsies (n = 28) revealed ICI-induced upregulation of a novel T-cell inflammation signature (termed INCITE). Stronger INCITE upregulation correlated with greater tumor shrinkage during the ICI-only window, and tumors with minimal INCITE upregulation showed markers of ICI resistance, including Innate PD-1 Resistance (IPRES). Despite correlation with ICI-only responses, INCITE changes were not associated with overall ICI+CTX outcomes.
To find predictive biomarkers of ICI+CTX outcomes, we conducted comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic profiling of PreTx EAC biopsies (n = 33). First, we generated a novel 65,000 cell scRNA-seq dataset and designed a deconvolution workflow to resolve tumor cell composition. Unexpectedly, monocyte composition was strongly linked with greater overall survival (OS) (HR: 0.40 [0.23-0.69]; p = 0.001; FDR = 0.047). Coding tumor mutational burden (TMB) was also associated with improved OS (HR: 0.50 [0.28-0.89]; p = 0.019). Multivariate modelling suggested monocyte composition and TMB were independent and complementary predictors of outcomes. Neither factor was associated with outcomes in a TCGA cohort of EAC patients not treated with ICI, suggesting these biomarkers may be specific to ICI or ICI+CTX.
Our findings suggest monocyte composition and TMB may identify EAC patients likely to benefit from ICI+CTX. INCITE upregulation may also serve as a useful monitor of ICI efficacy. These timely findings further our understanding of ICI response and resistance and may help inform patient selection for ICI+CTX.
Citation Format: Thomas M. Carroll, Joseph A. Chadwick, Richard P. Owen, Michael J. White, Joseph Kaplinsky, Iliana Peneva, Anna Frangou, Jaeho Chang, Phil F. Xie, Andrew Roth, Bob Amess, Hantao Lou, Katy J. McCann, Georgina Berridge, Roman Fischer, Chansavath Phetsouphanh, Ayo O. Omiyale, Brittany-Amber Jacobs, David Ahern, Simon R. Lord, Stewart Norris-Bulpitt, Sam T. Dobbie, Lucinda Griffiths, Kristen Aufiero Ramirez, Toni Ricciardi, Mary J. Macri, Aileen Ryan, Ralph R. Venhaus, Benoit J. Van den Eynde, Ioannis Karydis, Benedikt M. Kessler, Benjamin Schuster-Böckler, Mark R. Middleton, Xin Lu. Comprehensive molecular profiling to predict first-line immunochemotherapy outcomes in inoperable esophageal adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1247.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Carroll
- 1Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph A. Chadwick
- 1Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Richard P. Owen
- 1Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. White
- 1Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Kaplinsky
- 1Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Iliana Peneva
- 2Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Frangou
- 3Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jaeho Chang
- 1Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Phil F. Xie
- 1Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Roth
- 4Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bob Amess
- 1Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hantao Lou
- 1Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Katy J. McCann
- 5Cancer Research UK Southampton Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Georgina Berridge
- 6Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Fischer
- 6Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ayo O. Omiyale
- 1Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - David Ahern
- 7Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Simon R. Lord
- 8Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stewart Norris-Bulpitt
- 9Early Phase Clinical Trials Unit, Cancer & Haematology Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sam T. Dobbie
- 10Oncology Clinical Trials Office (OCTO), Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Lucinda Griffiths
- 10Oncology Clinical Trials Office (OCTO), Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ioannis Karydis
- 12Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton and Cancer Care Group, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Benedikt M. Kessler
- 6Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mark R. Middleton
- 8Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xin Lu
- 1Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Leissing TM, Hardy AP, Chan H, Wang Y, Tumber A, Chowdhury R, Feng T, Coleman ML, Cockman ME, Kramer HB, Berridge G, Fischer R, Kessler BM, Ratcliffe PJ, Lu X, Schofield CJ. Factor inhibiting HIF can catalyze two asparaginyl hydroxylations in VNVN motifs of ankyrin fold proteins. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102020. [PMID: 35537551 PMCID: PMC9189129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aspariginyl hydroxylase human factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor (FIH) is an important regulator of the transcriptional activity of hypoxia-inducible factor. FIH also catalyzes the hydroxylation of asparaginyl and other residues in ankyrin repeat domain-containing proteins, including apoptosis stimulating of p53 protein (ASPP) family members. ASPP2 is reported to undergo a single FIH-catalyzed hydroxylation at Asn-986. We report biochemical and crystallographic evidence showing that FIH catalyzes the unprecedented post-translational hydroxylation of both asparaginyl residues in "VNVN" and related motifs of ankyrin repeat domains in ASPPs (i.e., ASPP1, ASPP2, and iASPP) and the related ASB11 and p18-INK4C proteins. Our biochemical results extend the substrate scope of FIH catalysis and may have implications for its biological roles, including in the hypoxic response and ASPP family function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Leissing
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Adam P Hardy
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hokfung Chan
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yihua Wang
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Tumber
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rasheduzzaman Chowdhury
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tianshu Feng
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mathew L Coleman
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew E Cockman
- The Francis Crick Institute, Ratcliffe Laboratory, London, United Kingdom
| | - Holger B Kramer
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, United Kingdom; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Roman Fischer
- NDM Research Building, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Peter J Ratcliffe
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; The Francis Crick Institute, Ratcliffe Laboratory, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Xin Lu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Christopher J Schofield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry and the Ineos Oxford Institute for Antimicrobial Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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43
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Downton P, Sanna F, Maidstone R, Poolman TM, Hayter EA, Dickson SH, Ciccone NA, Early JO, Adamson A, Spiller DG, Simpkins DA, Baxter M, Fischer R, Rattray M, Loudon ASI, Gibbs JE, Bechtold DA, Ray DW. Chronic inflammatory arthritis drives systemic changes in circadian energy metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2112781119. [PMID: 35482925 PMCID: PMC9170023 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2112781119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation underpins many human diseases. Morbidity and mortality associated with chronic inflammation are often mediated through metabolic dysfunction. Inflammatory and metabolic processes vary through circadian time, suggesting an important temporal crosstalk between these systems. Using an established mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis, we show that chronic inflammatory arthritis results in rhythmic joint inflammation and drives major changes in muscle and liver energy metabolism and rhythmic gene expression. Transcriptional and phosphoproteomic analyses revealed alterations in lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function associated with increased EGFR-JAK-STAT3 signaling. Metabolomic analyses confirmed rhythmic metabolic rewiring with impaired β-oxidation and lipid handling and revealed a pronounced shunt toward sphingolipid and ceramide accumulation. The arthritis-related production of ceramides was most pronounced during the day, which is the time of peak inflammation and increased reliance on fatty acid oxidation. Thus, our data demonstrate that localized joint inflammation drives a time-of-day–dependent build-up of bioactive lipid species driven by rhythmic inflammation and altered EGFR-STAT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polly Downton
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Sanna
- National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Maidstone
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Toryn M. Poolman
- National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Edward A. Hayter
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanna H. Dickson
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Nick A. Ciccone
- National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - James O. Early
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Antony Adamson
- Genome Editing Unit, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - David G. Spiller
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Devin A. Simpkins
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Baxter
- National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
| | - Magnus Rattray
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew S. I. Loudon
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Julie E. Gibbs
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Bechtold
- Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - David W. Ray
- National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
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Dearlove DJ, Soto Mota A, Hauton D, Pinnick K, Evans R, Miller J, Fischer R, Mccullagh JS, Hodson L, Clarke K, Cox PJ. The effects of endogenously- and exogenously-induced hyperketonemia on exercise performance and adaptation. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15309. [PMID: 35614576 PMCID: PMC9133544 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevating blood ketones may enhance exercise capacity and modulate adaptations to exercise training; however, these effects may depend on whether hyperketonemia is induced endogenously through dietary carbohydrate restriction, or exogenously through ketone supplementation. To determine this, we compared the effects of endogenously- and exogenously-induced hyperketonemia on exercise capacity and adaptation. Trained endurance athletes undertook 6 days of laboratory based cycling ("race") whilst following either: a carbohydrate-rich control diet (n = 7; CHO); a carbohydrate-rich diet + ketone drink four-times daily (n = 7; Ex Ket); or a ketogenic diet (n = 7; End Ket). Exercise capacity was measured daily, and adaptations in exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and postprandial insulin sensitivity (via an oral glucose tolerance test) were measured before and after dietary interventions. Urinary β-hydroxybutyrate increased by ⁓150-fold and ⁓650-fold versus CHO with Ex Ket and End Ket, respectively. Exercise capacity was increased versus pre-intervention by ~5% on race day 1 with CHO (p < 0.05), by 6%-8% on days 1, 4, and 6 (all p < 0.05) with Ex Ket and decreased by 48%-57% on all race days (all p > 0.05) with End Ket. There was an ⁓3-fold increase in fat oxidation from pre- to post-intervention (p < 0.05) with End Ket and increased perceived exercise exertion (p < 0.05). No changes in exercise substrate metabolism occurred with Ex Ket, but participants had blunted postprandial insulin sensitivity (p < 0.05). Dietary carbohydrate restriction and ketone supplementation both induce hyperketonemia; however, these are distinct physiological conditions with contrasting effects on exercise capacity and adaptation to exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Dearlove
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Adrian Soto Mota
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - David Hauton
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Katherine Pinnick
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismChurchill Hospital and Oxford NIHRBiomedical Research CentreUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Rhys Evans
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Jack Miller
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOxfordUnited Kingdom
- The PET Research Centre and The MR Research CentreAarhus UniversityHeadingtonOxfordUnited Kingdom
- Clarendon LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery InstituteUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Leanne Hodson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismChurchill Hospital and Oxford NIHRBiomedical Research CentreUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Kieran Clarke
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Pete J. Cox
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordHeadingtonOxfordUnited Kingdom
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Chen Z, Zhang J, Murillo-de-Ozores AR, Castañeda-Bueno M, D'Amico F, Heilig R, Manning CE, Sorrell FJ, D'Angiolella V, Fischer R, Mulder MPC, Gamba G, Alessi DR, Bullock AN. Sequence and structural variations determining the recruitment of WNK kinases to the KLHL3 E3 ligase. Biochem J 2022; 479:661-675. [PMID: 35179207 PMCID: PMC9022995 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The BTB-Kelch protein KLHL3 is a Cullin3-dependent E3 ligase that mediates the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of kinases WNK1-4 to control blood pressure and cell volume. A crystal structure of KLHL3 has defined its binding to an acidic degron motif containing a PXXP sequence that is strictly conserved in WNK1, WNK2 and WNK4. Mutations in the second proline abrograte the interaction causing the hypertension syndrome pseudohypoaldosteronism type II. WNK3 shows a diverged degron motif containing four amino acid substitutions that remove the PXXP motif raising questions as to the mechanism of its binding. To understand this atypical interaction, we determined the crystal structure of the KLHL3 Kelch domain in complex with a WNK3 peptide. The electron density enabled the complete 11-mer WNK-family degron motif to be traced for the first time revealing several conserved features not captured in previous work, including additional salt bridge and hydrogen bond interactions. Overall, the WNK3 peptide adopted a conserved binding pose except for a subtle shift to accommodate bulkier amino acid substitutions at the binding interface. At the centre, the second proline was substituted by WNK3 Thr541, providing a unique phosphorylatable residue among the WNK-family degrons. Fluorescence polarisation and structural modelling experiments revealed that its phosphorylation would abrogate the KLHL3 interaction similarly to hypertension-causing mutations. Together, these data reveal how the KLHL3 Kelch domain can accommodate the binding of multiple WNK isoforms and highlight a potential regulatory mechanism for the recruitment of WNK3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyao Chen
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, New Biochemistry Building, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, U.K
| | - Jinwei Zhang
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD15EH, Scotland, U.K
| | - Adrián R. Murillo-de-Ozores
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Castañeda-Bueno
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francesca D'Amico
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Einthovenweg 20, 2333, ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Raphael Heilig
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K
| | - Charlotte E. Manning
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, New Biochemistry Building, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, U.K
| | - Fiona J. Sorrell
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, New Biochemistry Building, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, U.K
| | - Vincenzo D'Angiolella
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Research U.K.. and Medical Research Council Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, U.K
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, U.K
| | - Monique P. C. Mulder
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Einthovenweg 20, 2333, ZC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerardo Gamba
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
- Molecular Physiology Unit, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dario R. Alessi
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD15EH, Scotland, U.K
| | - Alex N. Bullock
- Centre for Medicines Discovery, New Biochemistry Building, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, U.K
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Jones HBL, Heilig R, Davis S, Fischer R, Kessler BM, Pinto-Fernández A. ABPP-HT*-Deep Meets Fast for Activity-Based Profiling of Deubiquitylating Enzymes Using Advanced DIA Mass Spectrometry Methods. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063263. [PMID: 35328685 PMCID: PMC8955990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) uses a combination of activity-based chemical probes with mass spectrometry (MS) to selectively characterise a particular enzyme or enzyme class. ABPP has proven invaluable for profiling enzymatic inhibitors in drug discovery. When applied to cell extracts and cells, challenging the ABP-enzyme complex formation with a small molecule can simultaneously inform on potency, selectivity, reversibility/binding affinity, permeability, and stability. ABPP can also be applied to pharmacodynamic studies to inform on cellular target engagement within specific organs when applied to in vivo models. Recently, we established separate high depth and high throughput ABPP (ABPP-HT) protocols for the profiling of deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs). However, the combination of the two, deep and fast, in one method has been elusive. To further increase the sensitivity of the current ABPP-HT workflow, we implemented state-of-the-art data-independent acquisition (DIA) and data-dependent acquisition (DDA) MS analysis tools. Hereby, we describe an improved methodology, ABPP-HT* (enhanced high-throughput-compatible activity-based protein profiling) that in combination with DIA MS methods, allowed for the consistent profiling of 35-40 DUBs and provided a reduced number of missing values, whilst maintaining a throughput of 100 samples per day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah B. L. Jones
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; (H.B.L.J.); (R.H.); (S.D.); (R.F.)
| | - Raphael Heilig
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; (H.B.L.J.); (R.H.); (S.D.); (R.F.)
| | - Simon Davis
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; (H.B.L.J.); (R.H.); (S.D.); (R.F.)
- Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; (H.B.L.J.); (R.H.); (S.D.); (R.F.)
- Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Benedikt M. Kessler
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; (H.B.L.J.); (R.H.); (S.D.); (R.F.)
- Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
- Correspondence: (B.M.K.); (A.P.-F.)
| | - Adán Pinto-Fernández
- Target Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; (H.B.L.J.); (R.H.); (S.D.); (R.F.)
- Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
- Correspondence: (B.M.K.); (A.P.-F.)
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47
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Ahern DJ, Ai Z, Ainsworth M, Allan C, Allcock A, Angus B, Ansari MA, Arancibia-Cárcamo CV, Aschenbrenner D, Attar M, Baillie JK, Barnes E, Bashford-Rogers R, Bashyal A, Beer S, Berridge G, Beveridge A, Bibi S, Bicanic T, Blackwell L, Bowness P, Brent A, Brown A, Broxholme J, Buck D, Burnham KL, Byrne H, Camara S, Candido Ferreira I, Charles P, Chen W, Chen YL, Chong A, Clutterbuck EA, Coles M, Conlon CP, Cornall R, Cribbs AP, Curion F, Davenport EE, Davidson N, Davis S, Dendrou CA, Dequaire J, Dib L, Docker J, Dold C, Dong T, Downes D, Drakesmith H, Dunachie SJ, Duncan DA, Eijsbouts C, Esnouf R, Espinosa A, Etherington R, Fairfax B, Fairhead R, Fang H, Fassih S, Felle S, Fernandez Mendoza M, Ferreira R, Fischer R, Foord T, Forrow A, Frater J, Fries A, Gallardo Sanchez V, Garner LC, Geeves C, Georgiou D, Godfrey L, Golubchik T, Gomez Vazquez M, Green A, Harper H, Harrington HA, Heilig R, Hester S, Hill J, Hinds C, Hird C, Ho LP, Hoekzema R, Hollis B, Hughes J, Hutton P, Jackson-Wood MA, Jainarayanan A, James-Bott A, Jansen K, Jeffery K, Jones E, Jostins L, Kerr G, Kim D, Klenerman P, Knight JC, Kumar V, Kumar Sharma P, Kurupati P, Kwok A, Lee A, Linder A, Lockett T, Lonie L, Lopopolo M, Lukoseviciute M, Luo J, Marinou S, Marsden B, Martinez J, Matthews PC, Mazurczyk M, McGowan S, McKechnie S, Mead A, Mentzer AJ, Mi Y, Monaco C, Montadon R, Napolitani G, Nassiri I, Novak A, O'Brien DP, O'Connor D, O'Donnell D, Ogg G, Overend L, Park I, Pavord I, Peng Y, Penkava F, Pereira Pinho M, Perez E, Pollard AJ, Powrie F, Psaila B, Quan TP, Repapi E, Revale S, Silva-Reyes L, Richard JB, Rich-Griffin C, Ritter T, Rollier CS, Rowland M, Ruehle F, Salio M, Sansom SN, Sanches Peres R, Santos Delgado A, Sauka-Spengler T, Schwessinger R, Scozzafava G, Screaton G, Seigal A, Semple MG, Sergeant M, Simoglou Karali C, Sims D, Skelly D, Slawinski H, Sobrinodiaz A, Sousos N, Stafford L, Stockdale L, Strickland M, Sumray O, Sun B, Taylor C, Taylor S, Taylor A, Thongjuea S, Thraves H, Todd JA, Tomic A, Tong O, Trebes A, Trzupek D, Tucci FA, Turtle L, Udalova I, Uhlig H, van Grinsven E, Vendrell I, Verheul M, Voda A, Wang G, Wang L, Wang D, Watkinson P, Watson R, Weinberger M, Whalley J, Witty L, Wray K, Xue L, Yeung HY, Yin Z, Young RK, Youngs J, Zhang P, Zurke YX. A blood atlas of COVID-19 defines hallmarks of disease severity and specificity. Cell 2022; 185:916-938.e58. [PMID: 35216673 PMCID: PMC8776501 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of severe COVID-19 is currently limited by clinical heterogeneity and incomplete description of specific immune biomarkers. We present here a comprehensive multi-omic blood atlas for patients with varying COVID-19 severity in an integrated comparison with influenza and sepsis patients versus healthy volunteers. We identify immune signatures and correlates of host response. Hallmarks of disease severity involved cells, their inflammatory mediators and networks, including progenitor cells and specific myeloid and lymphocyte subsets, features of the immune repertoire, acute phase response, metabolism, and coagulation. Persisting immune activation involving AP-1/p38MAPK was a specific feature of COVID-19. The plasma proteome enabled sub-phenotyping into patient clusters, predictive of severity and outcome. Systems-based integrative analyses including tensor and matrix decomposition of all modalities revealed feature groupings linked with severity and specificity compared to influenza and sepsis. Our approach and blood atlas will support future drug development, clinical trial design, and personalized medicine approaches for COVID-19.
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Lang PT, Ploeckl B, Fischer R, Griener M, Kircher M, Kudlacek O, Phillips G, Sieglin B, Yamamoto S, Treutterer W, Team AUG. Actuator Development Step by Step: Pellet Particle Flux Control for Single- and Multiple-Source Systems. Fusion Science and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2021.1940034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. T. Lang
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - B. Ploeckl
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R. Fischer
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Griener
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Kircher
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - O. Kudlacek
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G. Phillips
- Fusion for Energy-F4E, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - B. Sieglin
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S. Yamamoto
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Technology, Naka Fusion Institute, 801-1 Mukoyama, Naka-shi, Ibaraki-ken, Japan 311-0193
| | - W. Treutterer
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, Boltzmannstr. 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
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49
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Cavounidis A, Pandey S, Capitani M, Friedrich M, Cross A, Gartner L, Aschenbrenner D, Kim-Schulze S, Lam YK, Berridge G, McGovern DPB, Kessler B, Fischer R, Klenerman P, Hester J, Issa F, Torres EA, Powrie F, Gochuico BR, Gahl WA, Cohen L, Uhlig HH. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 1 causes impaired anti-microbial immunity and inflammation due to dysregulated immunometabolism. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:1431-1446. [PMID: 36302964 PMCID: PMC9607658 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00572-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) types 1 and 4 are caused by defective vesicle trafficking. The mechanism for Crohn's disease-like inflammation, lung fibrosis, and macrophage lipid accumulation in these patients remains enigmatic. The aim of this study is to understand the cellular basis of inflammation in HPS-1. We performed mass cytometry, proteomic and transcriptomic analyses to investigate peripheral blood cells and serum of HPS-1 patients. Using spatial transcriptomics, granuloma-associated signatures in the tissue of an HPS-1 patient with granulomatous colitis were dissected. In vitro studies were conducted to investigate anti-microbial responses of HPS-1 patient macrophages and cell lines. Monocytes of HPS-1 patients exhibit an inflammatory phenotype associated with dysregulated TNF, IL-1α, OSM in serum, and monocyte-derived macrophages. Inflammatory macrophages accumulate in the intestine and granuloma-associated macrophages in HPS-1 show transcriptional signatures suggestive of a lipid storage and metabolic defect. We show that HPS1 deficiency leads to an altered metabolic program and Rab32-dependent amplified mTOR signaling, facilitated by the accumulation of mTOR on lysosomes. This pathogenic mechanism translates into aberrant bacterial clearance, which can be rescued with mTORC1 inhibition. Rab32-mediated mTOR signaling acts as an immuno-metabolic checkpoint, adding to the evidence that defective bioenergetics can drive hampered anti-microbial activity and contribute to inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athena Cavounidis
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.425090.a0000 0004 0468 9597Present Address: GSK, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Sumeet Pandey
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,Present Address: GSK Immunology Network, GSK Medicines Research Center, Stevenage, UK
| | - Melania Capitani
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,Present Address: SenTcell Ltd, London, UK
| | - Matthias Friedrich
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Amy Cross
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lisa Gartner
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dominik Aschenbrenner
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.419481.10000 0001 1515 9979Present Address: Autoimmunity, Transplantation and Inflammation, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Seunghee Kim-Schulze
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Human Immune Monitoring Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Ying Ka Lam
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Georgina Berridge
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Target Discovery Institute, Center for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dermot P. B. McGovern
- grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Benedikt Kessler
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Target Discovery Institute, Center for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Target Discovery Institute, Center for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul Klenerman
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Joanna Hester
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fadi Issa
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Esther A. Torres
- grid.267033.30000 0004 0462 1680University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Fiona Powrie
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bernadette R. Gochuico
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - William A. Gahl
- grid.94365.3d0000 0001 2297 5165Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Louis Cohen
- grid.59734.3c0000 0001 0670 2351Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Holm H. Uhlig
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.454382.c0000 0004 7871 7212Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
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50
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Rota IA, Handel AE, Maio S, Klein F, Dhalla F, Deadman ME, Cheuk S, Newman JA, Michaels YS, Zuklys S, Prevot N, Hublitz P, Charles PD, Gkazi AS, Adamopoulou E, Qasim W, Davies EG, Hanson I, Pagnamenta AT, Camps C, Dreau HM, White A, James K, Fischer R, Gileadi O, Taylor JC, Fulga T, Lagerholm BC, Anderson G, Sezgin E, Holländer GA. FOXN1 forms higher-order nuclear condensates displaced by mutations causing immunodeficiency. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabj9247. [PMID: 34860543 PMCID: PMC8641933 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj9247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor FOXN1 is a master regulator of thymic epithelial cell (TEC) development and function. Here, we demonstrate that FOXN1 expression is differentially regulated during organogenesis and participates in multimolecular nuclear condensates essential for the factor’s transcriptional activity. FOXN1’s C-terminal sequence regulates the diffusion velocity within these aggregates and modulates the binding to proximal gene regulatory regions. These dynamics are altered in a patient with a mutant FOXN1 that is modified in its C-terminal sequence. This mutant is transcriptionally inactive and acts as a dominant negative factor displacing wild-type FOXN1 from condensates and causing athymia and severe lymphopenia in heterozygotes. Expression of the mutated mouse ortholog selectively impairs mouse TEC differentiation, revealing a gene dose dependency for individual TEC subtypes. We have therefore identified the cause for a primary immunodeficiency disease and determined the mechanism by which this FOXN1 gain-of-function mutant mediates its dominant negative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna A. Rota
- Department of Paediatrics and the MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adam E. Handel
- Department of Paediatrics and the MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stefano Maio
- Department of Paediatrics and the MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fabian Klein
- Department of Paediatrics and the MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fatima Dhalla
- Department of Paediatrics and the MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mary E. Deadman
- Department of Paediatrics and the MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stanley Cheuk
- Department of Paediatrics and the MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Joseph A. Newman
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK
| | - Yale S. Michaels
- Genome Engineering and Synthetic Biology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Saulius Zuklys
- Paediatric Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Children’s Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Prevot
- Department of Paediatrics and the MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Philip Hublitz
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Genome engineering services, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Philip D. Charles
- Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Athina Soragia Gkazi
- Great Ormond Street Hospital and Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Eleni Adamopoulou
- Department of Paediatrics and the MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Waseem Qasim
- Great Ormond Street Hospital and Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Edward Graham Davies
- Great Ormond Street Hospital and Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Imelda Hanson
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Retrovirology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alistair T. Pagnamenta
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Carme Camps
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Helene M. Dreau
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Andrea White
- Institute for Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Kieran James
- Institute for Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Roman Fischer
- Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Opher Gileadi
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, UK
| | - Jenny C. Taylor
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Tudor Fulga
- Genome Engineering and Synthetic Biology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - B. Christoffer Lagerholm
- Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Graham Anderson
- Institute for Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Paediatric Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Children’s Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Georg A. Holländer
- Department of Paediatrics and the MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Paediatric Immunology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Children’s Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
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