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Alharthy KM, Rashid S, Yusufoglu HS, Alqasoumi SI, Ganaie MA, Alam A. Neuroprotective potential of Afzelin: A novel approach for alleviating catalepsy and modulating Bcl-2 expression in Parkinson's disease therapy. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101928. [PMID: 38261905 PMCID: PMC10797200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The lost dopaminergic neurons in the brain prevent mobility in Parkinson's disease (PD). It is impossible to stop the disease's progress by means of symptoms management. Research focuses on oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuronal degeneration. Exploration of potential neuroprotective drugs against prosurvival B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein is ongoing. An investigable cause behind PD, as well as preventive measures, could be discovered considering the association between such behavioural manifestations (cataleptic behaviours) and PD. The compound Afzelin, known to guard the nervous system, was chosen for this study. The study was done on rats divided into six different groups. First, there was a control group. The other group was treated with Reserpine (RES) (1 mg/kg). The third group received RES (1 mg/kg) and levodopa (30 mg/kg). The remaining three groups were given RES (1 mg/kg) in conjunction with Afzelin at the following doses: 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, and 20 mg/kg. Cataleptic behavior and mobility in rats was assessed using the rotarod, open field, and modified forced-swim tests. thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), nitric oxide (NO), biogenic amines, and Bcl-2 level in rat tissue homogenates were considered. According to the study's findings, the rats treated through co-administration of RES and Afzelin improved significantly in their cataleptic behaviours and locomotor activity. In addition, administering Afzelin itself caused Bcl-2 expression, which could have some neuroprotection properties. This study provides meaningful information on the effectiveness of Afzelin in handling catalepsy and other degenerative neurologic disorders. As a result, other studies need to be conducted to establish the reasons behind the reactions and determine the long-term effects of Afzelin on these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid M. Alharthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasan S. Yusufoglu
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah, Al-Qassim 51418, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I. Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Ahmad Ganaie
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Buraydah Colleges, 51418 Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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Althurwi HN, Abdel-Rahman RF, Soliman GA, Ogaly HA, Alkholifi FK, Abd-Elsalam RM, Alqasoumi SI, Abdel-Kader MS. Protective Effect of Beta-Carotene against Myeloperoxidase- Mediated Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rat Ischemic Brain Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122344. [PMID: 36552554 PMCID: PMC9774247 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction play critical roles in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the brain. β-carotene (βCAR) is a naturally occurring pigment present in fruits and vegetables that expresses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study was conducted to investigate the involvement of Bcl2/Bax and NF-κB signaling pathways in the potential protective role of βCAR against brain injury in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model. A focal brain ischemia model was created for 2 h, followed by reperfusion. Rats were given 10 and 20 mg/kg of βCAR for 7 days orally before induction of ischemia, at the start of reperfusion, and 3 days after ischemia. Scores of neurological deficit were rated 24 h after induction of ischemia. Motor coordination and spontaneous coordinate activities were assessed using rotarod and activity cage, respectively. After 2 h of the last dose, the animals were killed and their brains were extracted for further examinations. The results of the study show that βCAR diminished the score of neurological deficits and ameliorated motor coordination, balance, and locomotor activity in the I/R control group. Further, βCAR resulted in diminution of malondialdehyde (MDA) and augmentation of reduced glutathione (GSH) contents, as well as the elevation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities in the brain homogenates of I/R rats. βCAR treatment significantly reduced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) brain content and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and ameliorated the histological alterations in the brain tissues. βCAR significantly suppressed Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and caspase-3 expression, as well as upregulated B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expression, suggesting a neuroprotective potential via downregulating NF-kB and protecting the rat brain against the I/R-associated apoptotic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan N. Althurwi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Gamal A. Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Hanan A. Ogaly
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Faisal K. Alkholifi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham M. Abd-Elsalam
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T3R 1J3, Canada
| | - Saleh I. Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged S. Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21215, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Abdel-Kader MS, Alqasoumi SI. In Vivo Hepatoprotective and Nephroprotective Activity of Acylated Iridoid Glycosides from Scrophularia hepericifolia. Biology (Basel) 2021; 10:145. [PMID: 33673028 PMCID: PMC7918105 DOI: 10.3390/biology10020145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the chloroform fraction obtained from Scrophularia hypericifolia aerial parts led to the isolation of nine acylated iridoid glycosides. The new compounds were identified as 6-O-α-L(2″-acetyl, 3″,4″-di-O-trans-cinnamoyl) rhamnopyranosyl-6'-acetyl catalpol (6'-acetyl hypericifolin A) (1), 6-O-α-L(2″, 4″-diacetyl, 3″-O-trans-cinnamoyl) rhamnopyranosyl-6'-acetyl catalpol (6'-acetyl hypericifolin B) (2), 6-O-α-L(2″-acetyl, 3″,4″-di-O-trans-cinnamoyl) rhamnopyranosyl catalpol (hypericifolin A) (3) and 6-O-α-L(2″, 4″-diacetyl, 3″-O-trans-cinnamoyl) rhamnopyranosyl catalpol (hypericifolin B) (4). Previously reported compounds were identified as laterioside (5), 8-O-acetylharpagide (6), 6-O-α-L(4'-O-trans-cinnamoyl) rhamnopyranosyl catalpol (7), lagotisoside D (8) and harpagoside (9). Identification achieved via analyses of physical and spectral data including 1D, 2D NMR and High Resolution Electrospray Ionization Mass spectroscopy (HRESIMS). Compounds 2-4 and 6 were subjected to biological evaluation against paracetamol-induced toxicity. The biochemical parameters aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) as well as total bilirubin were used to access the liver condition. Measurement of serum levels of urea, creatinine, sodium and potassium cations were indicators for kidney condition. Liver and kidney samples were subjected to histopathological study. The best protection was found in the group treated with 3 followed by 4 and 6, while 2 was almost inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged S. Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21215, Egypt
| | - Saleh I. Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Parvez MK, Basudan OA, Noman OM, Al-Dosari MS, Alqasoumi SI. The first bioactivity studies of Acantholimon lycopodioides from high altitude Karakoram-Himalayan desert. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:2514-2520. [PMID: 32994707 PMCID: PMC7499106 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Couple of ethnopharmacological surveys in the Indian Ladakh and Pakistani Shigar valleys has reported the medicinal use of Acantholimon lycopodioides against cardiac and gastric disorders that however, remains without scientific rationale or experimental validations. Here, we assess the in vitro bio/therapeutic activities of A. lycopodioides extracts as well as chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions. The in vitro β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching and DPPH radical scavenging methods demonstrated a very high anti-oxidative property of chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions compared to others. Cell viability assay (MTT) on human cervical (HeLa), breast (MDA-MB321) and liver (HepG2) cancer cells revealed their differential cytotoxicity, except the chloroform fraction. Of these, the precipitate exerted highest cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells followed by aqueous fraction on MDA-MB321 cells. Notably, the non-cytotoxicity of chloroform fraction coincided with its highest anti-oxidative activity. Further, the chloroform fraction showed marked hepatoprotection (up to 84%) against 3'7'dichlorofluorescin triggered free radicals induced oxidative damage. Also, the hepatoprotective chloroform fraction mildly activated CYP3A4 in HepG2 cells (dual-luciferase assay). Moreover, the A. lycopodioides extracts and fractions showed differential anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities. Of these, while S. aureus was more sensitive to the water-insoluble extract, ethyl acetate fraction showed moderate activity against E. coli and C. albicans. On the other hand, the chloroform fraction showed promising activity against S. Aureus, C. albicans, P. vulgaris and E. faecalis. In conclusion, our data for the first time, demonstrated promising anti-oxidative, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer, anti-microbial and CYP3A4 activating salutations of A. lycopodioides. This warrants further studies towards isolation and identification of its therapeutically active principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad K Parvez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar A Basudan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar M Noman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Al-Dosari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Shukla I, Azmi L, Rao CV, Jawaid T, Kamal M, Awaad AS, Alqasoumi SI, Alkhamees OA, Alsanad SM. Hepatoprotective activity of depsidone enriched Cladonia rangiferina extract against alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity targeting cytochrome P450 2E1 induced oxidative damage. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:519-527. [PMID: 32273813 PMCID: PMC7132611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a broad-spectrum disorder, covering fatty liver, cirrhosis, alcoholic hepatitis and in extreme untreated condition hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may also develop. Cladonia rangiferina (CR) is a class of lichen having a broad spectrum of pharmacological activity. It is used like traditional natural sources in ancient times in India, China, Sri Lanka, etc. Folkloric record about CR has reported their use as an antimicrobial, antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities, etc. Hence, the present study was requested to ascertain the effect of the ethanolic extract of Cladonia rangiferina (CRE) on alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. The animals were evaluated for the estimation of the liver in vivo biochemical antioxidant parameters. The liver tissues were further evaluated histopathologically and western blotting examination for localization of apoptotic gene expression that plays a pivotal role in hepatotoxicity. The results of this study reveal that CRE proves to be helpful in the treatment of alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress. Results of different markers have shown that among all, CRE has demonstrated the best hepatoprotective activity. These observations say about the importance of the components of the extract. The ameliorative action of CRE in alcoholic liver damage may exist due to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities.
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Key Words
- ALD, Alcoholic liver disease
- Apoptosis
- CMC, Carboxymethylcellulose
- CR, Cladonia rangiferina
- CRE, Cladonia rangiferina extract
- CTRL, Control
- Cladonia rangiferina
- DAB, 3,3-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride
- GGT, γ- glutamyl transferase
- GSH, Glutathione
- Hepatotoxicity
- Inflammation
- MDA, Malondialdehyde
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- RT-PCR, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction
- WHO, World Health organization
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Affiliation(s)
- Ila Shukla
- Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lubna Azmi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Ch V Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Talha Jawaid
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box No. 173, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani S Awaad
- Gateway to United Kingdom Education Ltd., Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A Alkhamees
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud M Alsanad
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
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Foudah AI, Alam P, Abdel-Kader MS, Shakeel F, Alqasoumi SI, Salkini AM, Yusufoglu HS. High-performance thin-layer chromatographic determination of trigonelline content in various extracts and different varieties of some commercial coffees available in the Saudi Arabian market. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00764-019-00010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Abdel-Rahman RF, Alqasoumi SI, Ogaly HA, Abd-Elsalam RM, El-Banna HA, Soliman GA. Propolis ameliorates cerebral injury in focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) rat model via upregulation of TGF-β1. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 28:116-126. [PMID: 31920438 PMCID: PMC6950965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroprotective impact of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is increasingly recognized in different brain injuries. Propolis exhibits a broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological properties including neuroprotective action. The objective of the investigation was to explore the involvement of TGF-β1 signaling in the neuroprotective mechanism of propolis in I/R rats. In this study, focal cerebral ischemia model was built by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h followed by reperfusion. The investigation was carried out on 48 rats that were arranged into four groups (n = 12): the sham group, I/R control group, I/R + propolis (50 mg/kg) group and I/R + propolis (100 mg/kg) group. The results revealed that propolis preserved rats against neuronal injury induced by cerebral I/R. It significantly reduced neurological deficit scores and improved motor coordination and locomotor activity in I/R rats. Propolis antagonized the damage induced by cerebral I/R through suppression of malondialdehyde (MDA) and elevation of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) and dopamine levels in the brain homogenates of I/R rats. Other ameliorations were also observed based on reduction of neurodegeneration and histological alterations in the brain tissues. These results also proposed that the neuroprotective effect of propolis might be related to upregulation of TGF-β1 and suppressed matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP9) mRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan A Ogaly
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Reham M Abd-Elsalam
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hossny A El-Banna
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gamal A Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Azmi L, Shukla I, Goutam A, Rao CV, Jawaid T, Awaad AS, Alqasoumi SI, AlKhamees OA, Kamal M. Oxidative free radicals scavenging activity ( in vitro and in vivo assay ) of standardized fractions from the seeds of Argyreia speciosa (Ghav-patta) a traditional Indian medicine. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27:1210-1215. [PMID: 31885481 PMCID: PMC6921190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional pertinence Argyreia speciosa Sweet (Linn.), belongs to the family convolvulaceae, a traditional Indian medicinal herb, has been used to treat acute/chronic ulcers, gonorrhea, rheumatoid arthritis and several nervous disorders having a long history. Aim of the study A broad spectrum approach of this work was to find out the antioxidant activity of Argyreia speciosa seeds, in vitro and in vivo antioxidant assay were performed. Material and methods Total phenolic content (TPC), reducing power (RP), antioxidant activity (AOA), O 2 · - (superoxide anion), DPPḢ (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ˙OH (hydroxyl) radicals scavenging activities, GSH (glutathione), CAT (catalase), SOD (superoxide dismutase) and LPO (lipid peroxidase) are the major parameters which were studied for determining in vitro and in vivo antioxidant property of seed extract & their six fractions obtained from A. speciosa. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced rat model was used to determine in vivo antioxidant assay of extract and its fractions. Results Butanol fraction (AS-BF) showed strong antioxidant property and protected oxidative DNA damage. AS-BF was found best as compared to all other fraction for determining antioxidant property of seeds with the reduction in lipid peroxide formation and increment in GSH, CAT and SOD. AS-BF showed the presence of phenolic compounds viz. gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, and ellagic acid. Conclusion From these results, it was proved that A. speciosa seeds prevent tissue damage due to oxidative stress with strong antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Azmi
- Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ila Shukla
- Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arti Goutam
- Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ch V Rao
- Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Talha Jawaid
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 11623, Riyadh 11544, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani S Awaad
- Director of Gateway to United Kingdom Education Ltd., Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A AlKhamees
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 11623, Riyadh 11544, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box No. 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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A Alasmary F, Assirey EA, El-Meligy RM, Awaad AS, El-Sawaf LA, Allah MM, Alqasoumi SI. Analysis of Alpina officinarum Hance, chemically and biologically. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27:1107-1112. [PMID: 31885470 PMCID: PMC6921168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpinia officinarum Hance is one of the most commonly used herbs belongs to Family Zingiberaceae. The current work deals with the qualitative and quantitative chemical study of this plant rhizomes in addition to the investigation of its anticancer activities. The results of the qualitative analysis showed a variation of phytochemical contents in this plant. While quantitative analysis showed a very promising percentage of active materials and Pharmacopeial constants. Analysis of elements like Cu, Zn & Mg were variable chromium was the lowest (0.680 ppm). The active constituents showed the highest percentage of carbohydrate (20.25 ± 1.11) and the lowest was of lipid (2.79 ± 1.03), other constituents percentage ranged from 5.11 ± 1.31 to 18.26 ± 1.24 for protein and flavonoids respectively. The pharmacopeial constant determinations reported the highest in moisture content (11.02 ± 1.05), Total ash, water-soluble ash, and acid insoluble ash were varied in values (5.64 ± 1.31 to 2.01 ± 1.12). The evaluation of the antitumor activities (in vitro) of the investigated plant rhizomes extract showed that; it exhibited a direct cytotoxic effect on the growth of some cell lines compared to the standard drug vinblastine sulphate. The activities were recorded against two cell lines; A-549 (Lung carcinoma) and CACO (colorectal carcinoma) with IC50 6.72 ± 0.5 and 7.6 ± 0.3 µg/ml respectively, these effects were better than the standard drug vinblastine sulphate (IC50 were 24.6 ± 0.7& 30.3 ± 1.4 µg/ml). Moreover, the effect of the investigated extract was also promising on the other three cell lines (HCT-116 (Colon carcinoma, Hela (Cervical carcinoma) & Pc3 (prostate cancer) the best effect was on Hela with IC50 of 24.5 ± 1.1 µg/ml better than vinblastine sulphate (59.7 ± 2.1 µg/ml).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemah A Alasmary
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman A Assirey
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madina Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham M El-Meligy
- Aromatic and Medicinal Plants Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amani S Awaad
- Gateway to United Kingdom Education Ltd., Bradford, UK
| | - Lara A El-Sawaf
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Menatallah M Allah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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Abdel-Kader MS, Alam P, Kamal YT, Alkharfy KM, Foudah AI, Alqasoumi SI. Optimization of the extraction condition for benzyl isothiocyanate contents in Salvadora persica roots "Siwak". Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27:753-755. [PMID: 31516317 PMCID: PMC6733780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzyl isothocyanate is the major active antibacterial metabolite in Salvadora persica roots "Siwak" beside two minor isothiocyanate derivatives namely; 3-methoxy benzyl isothiocyanate and 3-hydroxy benzyl isothiocyanate. The extraction condition effect on the amount of benzyl isothiocyanate was explored in detailed study. Both cold and hot extraction with different solvents was applied. The amount of benzyl isothiocyanate was estimated using HPLC and HPTLC. The results indicated that cold extraction of the fresh samples with chloroform offers the maximum amount of benzyl isothiocyanate. Drying process leads to great loss of the active component of Siwak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged S Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942 Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21215, Egypt
| | - Prawez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942 Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Y T Kamal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Alkharfy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed I Foudah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942 Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Abdel-Rahman RF, Soliman GA, Saeedan AS, Ogaly HA, Abd-Elsalam RM, Alqasoumi SI, Abdel-Kader MS. Molecular and biochemical monitoring of the possible herb-drug interaction between Momordica charantia extract and glibenclamide in diabetic rats. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27:803-816. [PMID: 31516323 PMCID: PMC6733788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Momordica charantia is used in folk medicine to manage diabetes mellitus. In this study, we investigated the possible herb-drug interaction between M. charantia fruit extract (MCFE) and glibenclamide (GLB) in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Rats were divided into 7 groups. The 1st group received 3% Tween 80. The 2nd–5th groups were diabetic rats received vehicle, GLB (5 mg/kg), MCFE (250 and 500 mg/kg), respectively. The 6th–7th groups administered GLB plus MCFE (250 and 500 mg/kg), respectively. After 8 weeks, fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were assessed. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of the pancreases were done. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to analyze hepatic mRNA expression of insulin receptor (INR), glucose transporter 2 (Slc2a2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-α) genes. All medicaments greatly reduced FBG in diabetic rats when compared with diabetic control group. GLB plus MCFE combination was better than GLB alone in improving levels of insulin and HbA1c. All medicaments restored insulin content of pancreatic β-cells and reduced glucagon and somatostatin of alpha and delta endocrine cells. Moreover, GLB plus MCFE-500 was the most efficient in restoring INR, Slc2a2 and PPAR-α mRNA expression to their normal levels. In conclusion, MCFE in combination with GLB gives greater glycemic improvement than GLB monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gamal A Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdulaziz S Saeedan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan A Ogaly
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Reham M Abd-Elsalam
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged S Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21215, Egypt
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12
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Parvez MK, Tabish Rehman M, Alam P, Al-Dosari MS, Alqasoumi SI, Alajmi MF. Plant-derived antiviral drugs as novel hepatitis B virus inhibitors: Cell culture and molecular docking study. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27:389-400. [PMID: 30976183 PMCID: PMC6439212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite high anti-HBV efficacies, while the nucleoside analogs (e.g., lamivudine) lead to the emergence of drug-resistance, interferons (e.g., IFN-α causes adverse side-effects. Comparatively, various natural or plant products have shown similar or even better efficacy. Hence, new antiviral strategies must focus not only on synthetic molecules but also on potential natural compounds. In this report, we have combined the in vitro cell culture and in silico molecular docking methods to assess the novel anti-HBV activity and delineate the inhibitory mechanism of selected plant-derived pure compounds of different classes. Of the tested (2.5-50 μg/ml) twelve non-cytotoxic compounds, ten (10 μg/ml) were found to maximally inhibit HBsAg production at day 5. Compared to quercetin (73%), baccatin III (71%), psoralen (67%), embelin (65%), menisdaurin (64%) and azadirachtin (62%) that showed high inhibition of HBeAg synthesis, lupeol (52%), rutin (47%), β-sitosterol (43%) and hesperidin (41%) had moderate efficacies against HBV replication. Further assessment of quercetin in combination with the highly active compounds, enhanced its anti-HBV activity up to 10%. Being the most important drug target, a 3-D structure of HBV polymerase (Pol/RT) was modeled and docked with the active compounds, including lamivudine as standard. Docking of lamivudine indicated strong interaction with the modeled HBV Pol active-site residues that formed stable complex (∆G = -5.2 kcal/mol). Similarly, all the docked antiviral compounds formed very stable complexes with HBV Pol (∆G = -6.1 to -9.3 kcal/mol). Taken together, our data suggest the anti-HBV potential of the tested natural compounds as novel viral Pol/RT inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad K. Parvez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Perwez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Azmi L, Shukla I, Goutam A, Allauddin, Rao CV, Jawaid T, Kamal M, Awaad AS, Alqasoumi SI, AlKhamees OA. In vitro wound healing activity of 1-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-2-naphthalene-carboxaldehyde (HDNC) and other isolates of Aegle marmelos L.: Enhances keratinocytes motility via Wnt/β-catenin and RAS-ERK pathways. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27:532-539. [PMID: 31061622 PMCID: PMC6488852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process in which injured skin and tissues repaired by interaction of a complex cascade of cellular events that generates resurfacing, reconstitution and restoration of the tensile strength of injured skin. It follows β-catenin, extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt signaling pathways. Aegle marmelos L., generally known as bael is found to act as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-ulcer agent. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that this Indian traditional medicinal plant, A. marmelos flower extract (AMF) was used for wound injury. Henceforth, the current study was investigated to ascertain the effect of its active constituents in vitro wound healing with mechanism involve in migration of cells and activation of β-catenin in keratinocytes, inhibition of PGE2 in macrophages and production of collagen in fibroblasts. We have taken full thickness wound of rats and applied AMF for 2 weeks. Cutaneous wound healing activity was performed using HaCaT keratinocytes, Hs68 dermal fibroblasts and RAW264.7 macrophages to determine cell viability, nitric oxide production, collagen expression, cell migration and β-catenin activation. Results shows that AMF treated rats demonstrated reduced wound size and epithelisation was improved, involved in keratinocytes migration by regulation of Akt signaling, beta-catenin and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways. AMF and its active constituent’s increased mRNA expression, inhibited nitric oxide, PGE2 release, mRNA expression of mediators in RAW 264.7 macrophages and enhances the motility of HaCaT keratinocytes in vitro wound healing of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Azmi
- Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Department of Chemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Ila Shukla
- Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Arti Goutam
- Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Allauddin
- Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ch V Rao
- Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Talha Jawaid
- Department of Pharmacology, Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ghaila Road, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani S Awaad
- Director of Gateway to United Kingdom Education Ltd., Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A AlKhamees
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 11623, Riyadh 11544, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Alothman EA, Awaad AS, Safhi AA, Almoqren SS, El-Meligy RM, Zain YM, Alasmary FA, Alqasoumi SI. Evaluation of anti-ulcer and ulcerative colitis of Sonchus oleraceus L. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:956-959. [PMID: 30416352 PMCID: PMC6218846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sonchus oleraceus L. was evaluated for its gastro antiulcerogenic and anti-ulcerative colitis activities Different extracts and fractions from Sonchus oleraceus aerial parts and roots were evaluated at different dose; total alcohol extracts of aerial parts SA and roots SR were evaluated doses 250 & 500 mg/kg, While Successive extracts (SAL, SRL, CSA, CSR, BSA & BSR) were evaluated at dose of 150 mg/kg. Absolute ethanol-induced ulcer model was used for evaluation of the anti-ulcerogenic activity. The root extract showed promising antiulcerogenic activity as the total alcohol extract of the root SR (500 mg/kg) produced 88.5% protection from control ulcer which is significantly more effective than the standard drug omeprazole (20 mg/kg), in addition, the butanol fraction of the root extract BSR also produced 76.66% protection from control ulcer. On the other hand, the aerial parts total extract SA showed low antiulcerogenic activity in both tested doses (250 & 500 mg/kg) as it produced 25% & 28.33% protection from control ulcer respectively. Only the butanol fraction of the aerial parts extract BSA showed promising activity 54.16%. In the acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis model, among the investigated extracts of Sonchus oleraceus; only the total extract of the aerial parts (SA) at dose 500 mg/kg showed strong anti-ulcerative colitis activity and this activity is followed by the activity of the butanol and chloroform fractions of the aerial parts, they produced 77.28%, 57.4% & 47.68% protection from control colitis respectively. The standard drug dexamethasone produced 63.36% protection from control colitis. The total alcohol extracts SR & SA showed no alteration on liver and kidney functions and these extracts are safe up to 5000 mg/kg. Phytochemical screening of the investigated extracts revealed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins, unsaturated sterols, proteins and lactones which could be responsible for the activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa A Alothman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani S Awaad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal A Safhi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shekhah S Almoqren
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham M El-Meligy
- Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yara M Zain
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, UK
| | - Fatmah A Alasmary
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Iram F, Alam P, Siddiqui NA, Alqasoumi SI, Siddiqui AA, Khan SA, Husain A. Development of a stress induced validated UPLC-PDA method for the analysis of Eslicarbazepine acetate. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:286-291. [PMID: 30166930 PMCID: PMC6111187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Farah Iram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Perwez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author at: Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nasir A. Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I. Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anees A. Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Shah Alam Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Oman Medical College, Muscat, Oman
| | - Asif Husain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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16
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Alam P, Alhowiriny TA, Siddiqui NA, Alqasoumi SI, Basudan OA, Khan AA, Alhowiriny AT, Alam N. Interspecies estimation of β-sitosterol by a validated high-performance thin-layer chromatography method in genus Ficus and cytotoxic activity against HepG2, HEK-293, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2018. [DOI: 10.1556/1006.2018.31.3.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Perwez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tawfeq A. Alhowiriny
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasir A. Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I. Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer A. Basudan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah T. Alhowiriny
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawazish Alam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Alam P, Al-Yousef HM, Siddiqui NA, Alhowiriny TA, Alqasoumi SI, Amina M, Hassan WHB, Abdelaziz S, Abdalla RH. Anticancer activity and concurrent analysis of ursolic acid, β-sitosterol and lupeol in three different Hibiscus species (aerial parts) by validated HPTLC method. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:1060-1067. [PMID: 30416363 PMCID: PMC6218379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Hibiscus contains about 275 species of flowering plants widely grown in the tropics and sub-tropics. The available literature revealed that several Hibiscus species exhibited excellent anticancer activity against several cancer cells like lung, breast, and liver. This motivated the authors to explore the anticancer property of other Hibiscus species (Hibiscus calyphyllus, H. deflersii and H. micranthus) along with development of a validated HPTLC method for the concurrent analysis of three anticancer biomarkers (ursolic acid, β-sitosterol and lupeol) in different Hibiscus species. The anticancer activity of various fractions (petroleum ether, toluene, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol) of all the Hibiscus species (aerial parts) were evaluated in vitro against HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines using MTT assay. The HPTLC analysis was carried out using chloroform and methanol as mobile phase (97:3; v/v) on 20 × 10 cm glass-backed silica gel 60F254 plates and analyzed different phytoconstituents present in all fractions at λ = 575 nm wavelength. Of the tested fractions of H. calyphyllus, H. deflersii and H. micranthus, HdP (H. deflersii petroleum ether fraction) exhibited the most potent cytotoxic effect on HepG2 and MCF-7 (IC50: 14.4 and 11.1 μg/mL, respectively) cell lines. Using the developed HPTLC method a compact and intense peak of ursolic acid, β-sitosterol and lupeol were obtained at Rf = 0.22, 0.39 and 0.51, respectively. The LOD/LOQ (ng) for ursolic acid, β-sitosterol and lupeol were found as 42.30/128.20, 13.20/40.01 and 31.57/95.68, respectively in the linearity range 100–1200 ng/spot. The obtained result showed maximum presence of ursolic acid, β-sitosterol and lupeol (5.50, 11.85 and 7.47 μg/mg, respectively) in HdP which also supported its strong anticancer effect. Our data suggest that H. deflersii petroleum ether fraction (HdP) can be further subjected to the isolation of active cytotoxic phytoconstituents and establishment of their mechanism of action. The maiden developed HPTLC method for concurrent analysis of anticancer biomarkers may be further employed in the in process quality control of herbal formulation containing the said biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perwez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M Al-Yousef
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasir A Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tawfeq A Alhowiriny
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musarat Amina
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sahar Abdelaziz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rehab H Abdalla
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
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Alothman EA, Awaad AS, Al-Qurayn NA, Al-Kanhal HF, El-Meligy RM, Zain YM, Alasmary FA, Alqasoumi SI. Anticancer effect of Cenchrus ciliaris L. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:952-955. [PMID: 30416351 PMCID: PMC6218845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cenchrus ciliaris L total alcohol and successive extracts of both aerial and root parts were tested for their anticancer activities against lung (A-549), intestinal (CACO), colon (HCT-116), cervical (Hela), hepatocellular (HepG-2), and breast (MCF-7) (PC3) cell lines and compared with the standard drug vinblastine sulphate. The obtained results exhibited direct cytotoxic effect with variable inhibiting effect on the growth of the listed cell lines comparing to vinblastine sulphate as reference standard drug, these effects showed different IC50 ranged from 11.1 ± 0.3 to 267 ± µg/ml. All root extracts showed the best activities against most of the tested cell lines specially HepG-2 (Hepatocellular carcinoma) (9 ± 2.1 µg/ml) which was somewhat closely related to the effect of vinblastine sulphate (2.93 ± 0.3 µg/ml). The highest anticancer effect of Cenchrus ciliaris L aerial parts and root extracts were recorded on HepG-2 (Hepatocellular carcinoma) their IC50 were 12 ± 0.8 & 9 ± 2.1 respectively, CACO (colorectal carcinoma) their IC50 were 27.2 ± 1.6 & 20.5 ± 0.6 respectively, A-549 (Lung carcinoma) their IC50 were 14.5 ± 0.7& 11.1 ± 0.3 respectively which were better than the standard drug especially in case the anticancer effect on CACO (colorectal carcinoma) and A-549 (Lung carcinoma). Chloroform extracts of both aerial and roots achieved the best anticancer activities on all of the cell lines especially with colorectal (CACO) and Lung carcinoma (A-549). Cenchrus ciliaris could be a promising source of new chemical moieties used to target cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa A Alothman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani S Awaad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah A Al-Qurayn
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haya F Al-Kanhal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham M El-Meligy
- Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yara M Zain
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah A Alasmary
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Ibrahim NH, Awaad AS, Alnafisah RA, Alqasoumi SI, El-Meligy R, Mahmoud AZ. In - Vitro activity of Desmostachya bipinnata (L.) Stapf successive extracts against Helicobacter pylori clinical isolates. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:535-540. [PMID: 29844726 PMCID: PMC5961750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori are well acknowledged as a major cause of gastrointestinal ailments and gastric cancers. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the potential in vitro activity of Desmostachya bipinnata against H. pylori, focusing on the determination of the most active extract responsible for the anti-helicobacter activity to produce new active drug from natural source. Desmostachya bipinnata total alcohol and successive extracts were in vitro tested against H. pylori. All extracts showed promising anti Helicobacter pylori activities. The most effective extract was diethyl ether extract, it showed 75% growth inhibition of the clinical Isolates bacterial Helicobacter pylori, in addition it showed high count reduction on the selected organisms in the different concentrations used (2xMIC, MIC & ½ MIC) compared with the untreated controls as well as the other extracts (chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol). The oral median lethal dose (LD50) of the alcohol extract of the plant by doses up to 5000 mg/kg didn't showed any mortality or morbidity, in addition no side effects were recorded on both liver and kidney functions this means that the extract was safe for use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermin H. Ibrahim
- Medical Microbiology & Immunology Department, College of Medicine, Beni- Suef University, Egypt
| | - Amani S. Awaad
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Salman Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan A. Alnafisah
- Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, king Saud Bin Abdulaziz University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I. Alqasoumi
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham.M. El-Meligy
- Aromatic and Medicinal Plants Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amani Z. Mahmoud
- Phamaceutical Medicinal Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Egypt
- Pharmaceutics Department, College of Pharmacy, king Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Al-Hazmi GH, Awaad AS, Alothman MR, Alqasoumi SI. Anticandidal activity of the extract and compounds isolated from Cyperus conglomertus Rottb. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:891-895. [PMID: 30202233 PMCID: PMC6128720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The phytochemical screening of Cyperus conglomeratus showed that carbohydrates and/or glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, sterols and/or triterpenes, and proteins and/or amino acids are present. The fatty acid profile comprised major; palmitic, oleic, heptadecanoic, linoleic and minor; arachidonic, lignoceric, stearic, and myristic acid. Two compounds; namely, α-amyrin and β-sitosterol were isolated by the fractionation of unsaponifiable matter. The acute toxicity study showed that the reported after oral administration of the alcohol extract (TAE) showed that the plant was highly safe as the LD50 was more than 4000 mg/kg. These results were well supported by the sub-chronic toxicity, as the TAE administrated to rats for 15 consecutive days at dose 1000 mg/kg showed no alteration in the liver and kidney functions. Moreover, the extract of the plant exhibited anti-candidal activity against different Candida species. The most potent activity, (23.1 ± 2.1, 0.98 µg/ml) and (22.3 ± 0.53, 0.98 µg/ml), was obtained by the chloroform and total extract, respectively against Candida albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghaferah H. Al-Hazmi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, PO Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani S. Awaad
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdul-Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Monerah R. Alothman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I. Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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Parvez MK, Alam P, Arbab AH, Al-Dosari MS, Alhowiriny TA, Alqasoumi SI. Analysis of antioxidative and antiviral biomarkers β-amyrin, β-sitosterol, lupeol, ursolic acid in Guiera senegalensis leaves extract by validated HPTLC methods. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:685-693. [PMID: 29991912 PMCID: PMC6035322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel is a broad-spectrum African folk- medicinal plant, having activities against fowlpox and herpes viruses. Very recently, we have shown the anti-hepatitis B vius (HBV) potential of G. senegalensis leaves extract (GSLE). Here, we report the antioxidative and hepatoprotective efficacy of GSLE, including HPTLC quantification of four biomarkers of known antioxidative and antiviral activities. In cultured liver cells (HuH7) GSLE attenuated DCFH-induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity. This was supported by in vitro DPPH radical-scavenging and β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching assays that showed strong antioxidant activity of GSLE. Further, two simple and sensitive HPTLC methods (I and II) were developed and validated to quantify β-amyrin, β- sitosterol, lupeol, ursolic acid in GSLE. While HPTLC-I (hexane: ethylacetate; 75:25; v/v) enabled quantification of β-amyrin (Rf = 0.39; 20.64 μg/mg) and β-sitosterol (Rf = 0.25; 18.56 μg/mg), HPTLC-II (chloroform: methanol; 97:3; v/v) allowed estimation of lupeol (Rf = 0.47; 6.72 μg/mg) and ursolic acid (Rf = 0.23; 5.81 μg/mg) in GSLE. Taken together, the identified biomarkers strongly supported the antioxidant and anti-HBV potential of GSLE, suggesting its activity via abating the oxidative stress. To our knowledge, this is the first report on HPTLC analysis of these biomarkers in G. senegalensis that could be adopted for standardization and quality-control of herbal-formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad K Parvez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Perwez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed H Arbab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Khartoom 14415, Sudan
| | - Mohammed S Al-Dosari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tawfeq A Alhowiriny
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Enazi NM, Awaad AS, Zain ME, Alqasoumi SI. Antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activities of Laurencia catarinensis, Laurencia majuscula and Padina pavonica extracts. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:44-52. [PMID: 29379332 PMCID: PMC5783824 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of ethanolic extract of Laurencia catarinensis, L. majuscula and Padina pavonica were determined. The highest antibacterial activity; 23.40 ± 0.58 mm (00.98 µg/ml) and 22.60 ± 2.10 mm (03.90 µg/ml) were obtained against Klebsiella pneumonia by Laurencia catarinensis and Padina pavonica, respectively. However, Padina pavonica showed excellent antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis (21.7 ± 1.5 mm; 1.95 µg/ml), Staphylococcus aureus (21.7 ± 0.58 mm; 1.95 µg/ml), Streptococcus pyogenes (20.7 ± 1.2 mm; 1.95 µg/ml) and Acinetobacter baumannii (20.1 ± 1.2 mm; 3.9 µg/ml). Moreover, the highest antifungal activity; 24.7 ± 2.0 mm (0.98 µg/ml), 23.7 ± 1.5 mm (0.98 µg/ml), 23.6 ± 1.5 mm (0.98 µg/ml) was obtained by Padina pavonica against Candida tropicalis, C. albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus, respectively. The algal extracts showed DPPH radical scavenging activity in a concentration-dependent manner with maximum scavenging activity (77.6%, IC50 = 5.59 µg/ml and 77.07%, IC50 = 14.3 µg/ml) was provided by Padina pavonica and Laurenica majuscula, respectively. The in vitro antitumor activity revealed that the IC50 values of Padina pavonica were 58.9, 115.0, 54.5, 59.0, 101.0, 101.0, and 97.6 µg/ml; Laurencia catarinensis were 55.2, 96.8, 104.0, 78.7, 117.0, 217.0, 169.0 µg/ml; and Laurencia. majuscula were 115.0, 221.0, 225.0, 200.0, 338.0, 242.0, and 189.0 µg/ml; respectively against A-549 (Lung carcinoma), Caco-2 (Intestinal carcinoma), HCT-116 (Colon carcinoma), Hela (Cervical carcinoma), HEp-2 (Larynx carcinoma), HepG-2 (Hepatocellular carcinoma), and MCF-7 (Breast carcinoma) cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf M. Al-Enazi
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanity Studies, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani S. Awaad
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed E. Zain
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saleh I. Alqasoumi
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Saleem MS, Awaad AS, Alothman MR, Alqasoumi SI. Phytochemical standardization and biological activities of certain desert plants growing in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 26:198-204. [PMID: 30166916 PMCID: PMC6111233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The phytochemical screening, antimicrobial and antitumor activities of Calendula tripterocarpa, Centarea sinaica, Centaurea pseudosinaica, Koelpinia linearis, Plectranthus arabicus, Plectranthus asirensis and Tripleurospermum auriculatum determined. The best antibacterial activity; 41.8 ± 0.23 mm, 39.7 ± 0.25 mm, 35.8 ± 0.58 mm, 34.7 ± 0.51 mm and 32.7 ± 0.25 mm was obtained by Plectranthus arabicus against Klebsiella pneumonia, Tripleurospermum auriculatum against Bacillus subtilis, Centaurea pseudosinaica against Bacillus subtilis, Centaurea pseudosinaica against Stroptococcus pyogenes and Plectranthus arabicus against Staphylococcus epidermidis, respectively. While the highest antifungal activity; 35.9 ± 1.15 mm, 34.6 ± 0.34, 30.6 ± 0.26 mm and 29.9 ± 0.63 mm was obtained by Tripleurospermum auriculatum against Geotricum candidum, Candida albicans, C. tropicalis and Aspergillus fumigatus, respectively. The antitumor activity (IC50) obtained by Centarea sinaica; 3.1 ± 6.9 µg/ml, 14.3 ± 3.1 µg/ml and 22.7 ± 4.1 µg/ml was better than activity of vinblastine sulphate; 5.9 ± 0.4 µg/ml, 59.7 ± 2.1 µg/ml and 30.3 ± 1.4 µg/ml against breast carcinoma (MCF-7), cervical carcinoma (Hela) and colorectal carcinoma (CACO), respectively. Plectranthus arabicus alcoholic extract showed higher antitumor activity; 15.3 ± 5.3 µg/ml, 28.6 ± 3.6 µg/ml and 24.3 ± 4.1 µg/ml than vinblastine; 21.2 ± 0.9 µg/ml, 59.7 ± 2.1 µg/ml and 30.3 ± 1.4 µg/ml against prostate carcinoma (Pc3), cervical carcinoma (Hela) and colorectal carcinoma (CACO), respectively. Also, the antitumor activity of Plectranthus asirensis against cervical carcinoma (Hela) (37.1 ± 2.6 µg/ml) was potent than vinblastine sulphate (59.7 ± 2.1 µg/ml). The obtained results of LD50 and sub-chronic toxicity revealed that the plants have no toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneera S. Al-Saleem
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Princess Nora bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani S. Awaad
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Monerah R. Alothman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I. Alqasoumi
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Enazi NM, Awaad AS, Al-Othman MR, Al-Anazi NK, Alqasoumi SI. Isolation, identification and anti-candidal activity of filamentous fungi from Saudi Arabia soil. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 26:253-257. [PMID: 30166924 PMCID: PMC6111189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ten fungal strains; namely, Penicillium melinii, Petriella setifera, Aspergillus pseudo-niger, Alternaria chlamydospora, Pythium nayoroense, Phoma glomerata, Mucor ramosissimus, Mucor racemosus, Fusarium chlamydosporum and Rhizopus azygosporus were isolated from soil. The extra- and intra-cellular extracts of the fungal strains grown on malt extract and yeast-extract sucrose media were screened for their anticandidal activity against different clinically-isolated Candida species. Most of the fungal extracts showed activity against different Candida species. However, the fungal strains grew on malt extract showed greater activities than those grew on yeast extract sucrose media. The activity of the intracellular was higher than the extracellular metabolites. All fungal extracts (extra and intra) were similar in chemical constituent; they contained carbohydrates and/or glycosides, unsaturated sterols and/or triterpens, tannins and traces of coumarins. Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones and cardenolides were no detected. The intra-cellular extracts contained more compounds than the extra-cellular extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf M. Al-Enazi
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanity Studies, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani S. Awaad
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author at: P.O. Box 173, Riyadh 11942, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Monerah R. Al-Othman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nour K. Al-Anazi
- Pharmaceutics Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I. Alqasoumi
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alasmary FAS, Awaad AS, Kamal M, Alqasoumi SI, Zain ME. Antitumor activity of extract and isolated compounds from Drechslera rostrata and Eurotium tonophilum. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 26:279-285. [PMID: 30166929 PMCID: PMC6111196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Total extracts of Drechslera rostrata and Eurotium tonophilum in addition of two isolated compounds from their cultures [di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (H1) and 1,8-Dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methyl-anthraquinone (H2)] were tested for their antitumor activity using four human carcinoma cell lines. Antitumor activity was assessed by performing MTT assay to check the % cell viability. The % viability of HCT-116 (colon carcinoma), HeLa (cervical carcinoma), HEp-2 (larynx carcinoma) and HepG-2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) cells decreased after treatment with Drechslera rostrata and Eurotium tonophilum extracts, these effects were ranged from 059.0 ± 0.1 to 217.0 ± 0.3 µg/ml on all types of cancer cells. The best activity was recorded for Eurotium tonpholium extract (054.5 ± 0.3, 059.0 ± 0.5 and 059.0 ± 0.1 for HEp-2, Hela, and HepG-2 respectively). The isolated compounds (H1&H2) were found to be responsible about the activities because they recorded the lowest IC50 on tested cell lines with range of 9.5-20.3 μg/ml. Vinblastine sulphate was used as a reference standard and showed in vitro anticancer activity. This study demonstrated that all extracts and isolated compounds have antitumor activity against HCT-116, HeLa, HEp-2 and HepG-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatmah A S Alasmary
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani S Awaad
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed E Zain
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Al-Enazi NM, Awaad AS, Alqasoumi SI, Alwethairi MF. Biological activities of the red algae Galaxaura rugosa and Liagora hawaiiana butters. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 26:25-32. [PMID: 29379330 PMCID: PMC5783822 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological activities; antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer, of the red algae Galaxaura rugosa and Liagora hawaiiana were determined. The total ethanol, lipoidal matters, chloroform, n-butanol, aqueous extracts and powder of both algae showed and bacterial and antifungal activities. However, the chloroform extract of Galaxaura rugosa showed antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae (24 mm, 0.15 mg/ml) higher than gentamycin (23 mm, 0.49 mg/ml). Moreover, the total ethanol, lipoidal matter and chloroform extracts showed antifungal activity (21, 22 and 25 mm, 1.25, 0.312 and 0.156 mg/ml) similar to the antibiotic Ketoconazole activity (23, 24 and 27 mm, 1.25, 0.312 and 0.156 mg/ml) against Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger and Candida trobicalis, respectively. A good antioxidant activity (80.96%, IC50 = 27.8 µg/ml) was provided by Galaxaura rugosa. The anticancer activity results revealed that the lipoidal matters of Galaxaura rugosa and Liagora hawaiiana possessed antitumor activity (IC50 = 15 ± 1.7 and 21.2 ± 1.6, respectively) against lung carcinoma (A-549) better than vinblastine sulfate (IC50 = 24.6 ± 0.7). Although, the lipoidal matters of Galaxaura rugosa and Liagora hawaiiana antitumor activity against cervical carcinoma (HeLa) and intestinal carcinoma (CACO-2) (IC50 = 10.2 ± 0.6 and 12.2 ± 0.6, respectively) preferable than vinblastine sulfate (IC50 = 59.7 ± 2.1 and 30.3 ± 1.4, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf M Al-Enazi
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanity Studies, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani S Awaad
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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Alajmi MF, Alam P, Alqasoumi SI, Ali Siddiqui N, Basudan OA, Hussain A, Mabood Husain F, Ali Khan A. Comparative anticancer and antimicrobial activity of aerial parts of Acacia salicina, Acacia laeta, Acacia hamulosa and Acacia tortilis grown in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:1248-1252. [PMID: 29204075 PMCID: PMC5688228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The standardized ethanol extract (EE) of aerial parts of four Acacia species [A. salicina (ASEE), A. laeta (ALEE), A. hamulosa (AHEE), and A. tortilis (ATEE)] were examined in order to compare their cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. All the extracts were standardized by UPLC- PDA method using rutin as standard compound. The extracts ALEE, AHEE and ATEE were found to contain rutin along with several other phytoconstituents while rutin was absent in ASEE. All the extracts showed varying level of antimicrobial activity with zone of inhibition ranged from 11 to 21 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The ALEE and ATEE showed relatively high antimicrobial potency (MIC = 0.2 to 1.6 mg mL−1) in comparison to other extracts. All the extracts were found to reduce the biofilm of P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain significantly in comparison to the untreated control. The cytotoxic property of ASEE, ALEE, AHEE, ATEE were evaluated against HepG2 (Liver), HEK-293 (Kidney), MCF-7 (Breast) and MDA-MB 231 (Breast) cancer cells. Of these, ALEE, AHEE and ATEE exhibited moderate cytotoxic property against human liver carcinoma cells (HepG2; IC50 = 46.2, 39.2 and 42.3 μg mL−1, respectively) and breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7; IC50 = 57.2, 55.3 and 65.7 μg mL−1, respectively). The ATEE and ALEE showed moderate cytotoxicity against HEK-293 (kidney) cells with IC50 = 49.1 and 53.5 μg mL−1, respectively. Since, Acacia species (A. laeta and A. hamulosa) contains numerous polyphenols which might prove to be highly cytotoxic and antimicrobial agents, we suggest that these species can be further subjected to the isolation of more cytotoxic and antimicrobial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Perwez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasir Ali Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer A Basudan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fohad Mabood Husain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11541, KSA
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Awaad AS, Alothman MR, Zain YM, Zain GM, Alqasoumi SI, Hassan DA. Comparative nutritional value and antimicrobial activities between three Euphorbia species growing in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:1226-1230. [PMID: 29204072 PMCID: PMC5688225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are excellent sources of nutrition and highly bioactive substances that might use in the development of new drugs and pharmaceutical agents. Three species of the Genus Euphorbia (Family Euphorpiaceae), namely; Euphorbia granulata Forssk, Euphorbia helioscobia L., and Euphorbia hirta Linn growing in Ryiadh, KSA were air-dried, powdered, and their active materials were extracted with alcohol. The nutritional value phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of the plants were determined. The chemical contents were similar in the three species; however, lipid profile of the plants showed that the stearic acid and lignoceric acid were detected only in E. helioscopia and E. hirta, while palmitoleic acid was detected only in E. hirta. The percentage of unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters were 52.48%, 69.39% and 66.52% in Euphorbia granulate, Euphorbia helioscobia, E. hirta, respectively. Three compounds, 1-ethoxypentacosane, heptacosan-1-ol and β-sitosterol were isolated from the three plant extracts and identified using different spectroscopic analysis. The percentage of crude protein was 43.65%, 25.00% and 18.75% in E. granulata, E. helioscobia, and E. hirta, respectively. The free amino acids and amino acid composition were quantitatively determined using amino acid analyzer. All the plant extracts were active against bacterial and fungal test organisms, however, the antimicrobial activity were varied according to both the Euphorbia species and the test organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani S Awaad
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monerah R Alothman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara M Zain
- MPharm Dept., Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Ghada M Zain
- MPharm Dept., Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dina A Hassan
- Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Awaad SA, Alothman MR, Zain YM, Alqasoumi SI, Alothman EA. Quantitative and qualitative analysis for standardization of Euphorbia cuneata Vahl. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:1175-1178. [PMID: 30166906 PMCID: PMC6111133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Euphorbia cuneata Vahl very promising plant belongs to Family Euphorbiaceae The present study was carried out on the Euphorbia cuneata Vahl to standardize its components. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis showed variable phytochemical groups. Examination of Successive Extraction showed that there are different color, constancy, phytochemical groups and yield in each extract, the highest percentage was found in ethanol (10.7 ± 1.01) and the lowest one in ether (1.66 ± 0.31). Analysis of primary and secondary metabolites of Euphorbia cuneata Vahl revealed that the primary metabolites percent (carbohydrate, lipid and protein 6.25 ± 1.11, 5.12 ± 1.40, 7.15 ± 1.31 W/w respectively) were lower than secondary metabolites (flavonoids, phenolic and tannins 11.26 ± 1.02, 9.15 ± 1.21and 5.23 ± 1.29 W/w respectively). The Pharmacopoeia Constants were determined. Amino acids analysis of the arial parts reported the presence of 15 amino acids with different percentage in different types. (Total, free and protein hydrolysate.) Arginine represented the highest concentration (20.86).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Amani Awaad
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monerah R Alothman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara M Zain
- M-Pharm Department, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esraa A Alothman
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Awaad AS, Alafeefy AM, Alasmary FAS, El-Meligy RM, Alqasoumi SI. Anti-ulcerogenic and anti-ulcerative colitis (UC) activities of seven amines derivatives. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:1125-1129. [PMID: 30166899 PMCID: PMC6111114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Novel target compounds (CP-1-7) were synthesized and tested at doses up to 1000 mg/kg for their entitled activities. They exerted promising results without any behavioral changes and mortality in mice. Therefore, according to the results obtained in our study, it could be categorized as highly safe agents for treating UC since substances possessing LD50 higher than 50 mg/kg are considered nontoxic. They also possessed a potent anti-ulcerogenic activity with different potentials. The most effective compound was CP-4, it produced 97.7% ulcer protection of control followed by CP-3, which produced 90.3% protection, while the standard drug ranitidine (100 mg/kg) produced 49.2% protection. Compound CP-1 showed lowest activity among the current series, it produced 55.5% protection. The target compounds were significantly more effective than the standard in reducing ulcer index. The anti-ulcerative colitis activity was tested using acetic acid induced colitis model. The curative effect of the tested compounds at a dose of 50 mg/kg oral administration on rats showed a potent anti-ulcerative colitis activity with different potentials. They induced a significant decrease in ulcer score, ulcer area, ulcer index and weight/length of the colon specimens. The percent protection of control colitis ranged from 66.8% for CP-7 to 22.3% for CP-5; however the percent protection for dexamesathone (0.1 mg/kg) was 59.3%. The effect of the tested compounds CP-7 and CP-3 at dose 50 mg/kg were significantly more effective than dexamesathone (0.1 mg/kg) in reducing all parameters. Liver functions were not affected as there is no effect on the activity of both AST and ALT in animals that received the compounds, so the compounds didn’t reveal hepatotoxic manifestation. Although, the results on kidney functions showed that, CP-1 slightly elevated blood urea concentration and CP-3 & CP-4 slightly elevated serum creatinine; no apparent nephrotoxic manifestations were recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani S Awaad
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Alafeefy
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University, Malaysia
| | - Fatmah A S Alasmary
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham M El-Meligy
- Aromatic and Medicinal Plants Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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El-Meligy RM, Awaad AS, Soliman GA, Kenawy SA, Alqasoumi SI. Prophylactic and curative anti-ulcerogenic activity and the possible mechanisms of action of some desert plants. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:387-396. [PMID: 28344494 PMCID: PMC5357099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-ulcerogenic activities and the possible mechanisms of action of seven desert plants from different families. Conyza dioscoridis (L.) Desf. (Asteraceae), Euphorbia hirta L. (Euphorpiaceae), Origanum syriacum L., Salvia lanigera L. (Lamiaceae), Sisymbrium irio L., Solanum nigrum Linn. (Solanaceae) and Solenostemma arghel (Del.) Hayne. (Asclepiadaceae), were tested using prophylactic and curative models of absolute ethanol-induced ulcer, at three doses (125, 250 & 500 mg/kg) of each extract. The investigated extracts possessed dose dependent anti-ulcerogenic activities in both models, with LD50 higher than 5 g/kg. The most effective extracts were C. dioscoridis and S. irio with percent protection of control ulcer; 91.1% and 85.4% respectively. The antisecretory activity of both C. dioscoridis and S. irio appears to be mainly related to the suppression of gastrin release. The in vitro potential radical (DPPH) scavenging activities of the investigated extracts were well supported with the reduction in gastric MDA (50.6% and 43.3%) and enhancing the level of reduced GSH (2.84, 2.59 mg/g tissue) for C. dioscoridis and S. irio respectively. In addition, suppression of the inflammatory mediator TNF-α may be one of the possible mechanisms of action. The alcohol extracts of C. dioscoridis and S. irio showed no alteration on liver and kidney functions. Phytochemical screening of the investigated extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins and sterols which could be related to the activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham M El-Meligy
- Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amani S Awaad
- Department Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A Soliman
- Pharmacology Dept., College of Pharmacy, Al-Kharj University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanaa A Kenawy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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Awaad AS, Alafeefy AM, Alasmary FAS, El-Meligy RM, Zain ME, Alqasoumi SI. Novel essential amino acid-sulfanilamide hybrid as safe anti-ulcerogenic agent with anti- helicobacter pylori activity. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:967-971. [PMID: 29158702 PMCID: PMC5681326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel and safe essential amino acid (Leucine) incorporating sulfanilamide was synthesized, and evaluated for its anti-ulcerogenic activity and in vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity. The new molecule showed a dose dependent activity against absolute ethanol-induced ulcer in rats, it produced percent protection of control ulcer by 66.7 at dose 100 mg/kg. In addition it showed a potent anti-Helicobacter pylori activity in vitro against 7 clinically isolated strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranged from 12.5 to 50 μg/ml. The preliminary safety studies and toxicity profile are optimistic and encouraging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani S Awaad
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Alafeefy
- Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University, Malaysia
| | - Fatmah A S Alasmary
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham M El-Meligy
- Aromatic and Medicinal Plants Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M E Zain
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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Alam P, Alajmi MF, Arbab AH, Parvez MK, Siddiqui NA, Alqasoumi SI, Al-Rehaily AJ, Al-Dosari MS, Basudan OA. Comparative study of antioxidant activity and validated RP-HPTLC analysis of rutin in the leaves of different Acacia species grown in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J 2016; 25:715-723. [PMID: 28725144 PMCID: PMC5506739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study assessed the comparative antioxidant potential of the ethanol extract (EE) of leaves of four Acacia species (Acacia salicina, AS; Acacia laeta, AL; Acacia hamulosa AH; and Acacia tortilis, AT) grown in Saudi Arabia, including RP-HPTLC quantification of antioxidant biomarker rutin. In vitro DPPH radical scavenging and β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching assays showed the promising antioxidant activities of Acacia extracts: ASEE (IC50: 60.39 and 324.65 μg/ml) >ALEE (IC50: 217.06 and 423.36 μg/ml) >ATEE (IC50: 250.13 and 747.50 μg/ml) >AHEE (IC50: 255.83 and 417.28 μg/ml). This was comparable to rutin tested at 500 μg/ml. Further, a RP- HPTLC densitometric method was developed (acetonitrile:water; 6:4; v/v) using glass-backed RP-18 silica gel F254 plate, and scanned at UV max 254 nm. The method was validated as per the ICH guidelines. Analysis of the validated RP-HPTLC displayed an intense peak (Rf = 0.65 ± 0.004) of rutin that was estimated (μg/mg dry weight) to be highest in ASEE (10.42), followed by ALEE (2.67), AHEE (1.36) and ATEE (0.31). Taken together, presence of rutin strongly supported the high antioxidant property of the tested Acacia species, especially Acacia salicina. The developed RP-HPTLC method therefore, affirms its application in the quality control of commercialized herbal drugs or formulation containing rutin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perwez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed F Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed H Arbab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Khartoum 14415, Sudan
| | - Mohammad K Parvez
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasir A Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan J Al-Rehaily
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Al-Dosari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer A Basudan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Alsaid MS, Ghorab MM, Alqasoumi SI, Abdel-Kader MS. Semisynthesis of some novel thiourea and carbamimidothioic acid derivatives using natural alkaloid L-norephedrine and their anticancer activity. Russ J Bioorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162016050113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abdel-Kader MS, Ghorab MM, Alsaid MS, Alqasoumi SI. Design, synthesis, and anticancer evaluation of some novel thiourea, carbamimidothioic acid, oxazole, oxazolidine, and 2-amino-1-phenylpropyl-2-chloroacetate derived from L-norephedrine. Russ J Bioorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162016040026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Awaad AS, Alotiby SM, Meligy RME, Marzouk MS, Alqasoumi SI, Donia AERM, Sayed NHE. Novel Anti-ulcerogenic Effects of Total Extract and Isolated Compounds from Cakile arabica. INT J PHARMACOL 2016. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2016.541.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Al-Massarani SM, El Gamal AA, Abd El Halim MF, Al-Said MS, Abdel-Kader MS, Basudan OA, Alqasoumi SI. New acyclic secondary metabolites from the biologically active fraction of Albizia lebbeck flowers. Saudi Pharm J 2016; 25:110-119. [PMID: 28223871 PMCID: PMC5310161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The total extract of Albizia lebbeck flowers was examined in vivo for its possible hepatoprotective activity in comparison with the standard drug silymarin at two doses. The higher dose expressed promising activity especially in reducing the levels of AST, ALT and bilirubin. Fractionation via liquid–liquid partition and reexamination of the fractions revealed that the n-butanol fraction was the best in improving liver biochemical parameters followed by the n-hexane fraction. However, serum lipid parameters were best improved with CHCl3 fraction. The promising biological activity results initiated an intensive chromatographic purification of A. lebbeck flowers fractions. Two compounds were identified from natural source for the first time, the acyclic farnesyl sesquiterpene glycoside1-O-[6-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-β-d-glucopyranoside]-(2E,6E-)-farnesol (6) and the squalene derivative 2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene (9), in addition to eight compounds reported here for the first time from the genus Albizia; two benzyl glycosides, benzyl 1-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1) and benzyl 6-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl β-d-glucopyranoside (2); three acyclic monoterpene glycosides, linalyl β-d-glucopyranoside (3) and linalyl 6-O-α-l-arabinopyranosyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (4); (2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienoate-6-O-α-l arabinopyranosyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (5), two oligoglycosides, n-hexyl-α-l arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (creoside) (7) and n-octyl α-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (rhodiooctanoside) (8); and ethyl fructofuranoside (10). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based on extensive examination of their spectroscopic 1D and 2D-NMR, MS, UV, and IR data. It is worth mentioning that, some of the isolated linalol glycoside derivatives were reported as aroma precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaza M Al-Massarani
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A El Gamal
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O. 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Abd El Halim
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour S Al-Said
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged S Abdel-Kader
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer A Basudan
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Alam P, Alqasoumi SI, Abdel-Kader MS. Simultaneous Determination of Menthol and Eucalyptol by the Densitometric HPTLC Method in Some External Analgesic Formulations. J Chromatogr Sci 2015; 54:58-63. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmv075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Abdel-Rahman RF, Soliman GA, Yusufoglu HS, Tatli-Cankaya I, Alqasoumi SI, Anul SA, Akaydin G. Potential Anticonvulsant Activity of Ethanol Extracts of Cichorium intybus and Taraxacum serotinum in Rats. TROP J PHARM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v14i10.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Basudan OA, Alam P, Siddiqui NA, Alajmi MF, Alrehaily AJ, Alqasoumi SI, Abdel-Kader MS, Alam P, Donia AERM. Development and validation of a high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method for the determination of biomarker β-amyrin in the leaves of different Ficusspecies. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2015. [DOI: 10.1556/1006.2015.28.3.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Alam P, Siddiqui NA, Basudan OA, Al-Rehaily A, Alqasoumi SI, Alam P, Abdel-Kader MS, Donia AERM, Shakeel F. Comparative profiling of biomarker psoralen in antioxidant active extracts of different species of genus <i>Ficus</i> by validated HPTLC method. Afr J Trad Compl Alt Med 2015; 12:57. [DOI: 10.4314/ajtcam.v12i1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
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Alam P, Alam A, Anwer MK, Alqasoumi SI. Quantitative estimation of hesperidin by HPTLC in different varieties of citrus peels. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 4:262-6. [PMID: 25182548 DOI: 10.12980/apjtb.4.2014c1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a simple, selective, sensitive and accurate high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method to determine the quantity of hesperidin in different varieties of citrus fruits. METHODS The method was carried out in aluminum-backed silica gel 60 F254 plates with ethyl acetate-methanol-water 15:3:2 (%, v/v) as mobile phase. RESULTS A compact band was obtained for hesperidin at Rf value of (0.40±0.04). The calibration plot was linear in the range of 100-800 ng/spot of hesperidin and the correlation coefficient of 0.998 6 was indicative of good linear dependence of peak area on concentration. Limit of detection (8.87 ng/spot), limit of quantification (23.21 ng/spot), accuracy (less than 2%) and recovery (ranging from 98.55-99.38) were found satisfactory. CONCLUSIONS The method developed can be used for routine analysis of hesperidin in crude drug as well as in herbal and pharmaceutical dosage form containing citrus fruits as an ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prawez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Salman Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Salman Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Khalid Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Salman Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh I Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Alqasoumi SI. Evaluation of the hepatroprotective and nephroprotective activities of Scrophularia hypericifolia growing in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J 2014; 22:258-63. [PMID: 25061411 PMCID: PMC4099573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The hepatroprotective and nephroprotective effects of the ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Scrophularia hypericifolia growing in Saudi Arabia were evaluated at 250 and 500 mg kg(-1) doses using Wistar albino rats as experimental animal model. Toxic doses of paracetamol were used to induce liver and kidney toxicities, while the standard drug silymarin was used as reference. The biochemical parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and total bilirubin were estimated as reflections of the liver condition. Kidney condition was investigated through measurement of serum urea, serum creatinine, sodium and potassium levels. Liver and kidney samples of rats treated with 500 mg kg(-1) of the extract were subjected to the histopathological study. The ethanol extract of the aerial parts of S. hypericifolia showed dose dependent moderate level of protection against paracetamol induced hepatrotoxicity and nephrotoxicity as indicated from the obtained results. The reduction of the sodium and potassium levels by the higher dose of the extract exceeded that obtained by silymarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh I. Alqasoumi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Ghorab MM, Alqasoumi SI, Abdel-Kader MS, Alsaid MS. Utility of L-norephedrine in the semisynthesis of novel thiourea and thiazolidine derivatives as a new class of anticancer agents. Acta Pol Pharm 2014; 71:615-623. [PMID: 25272887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The natural alkaloid 1-norephedrine 1 was utlized in the synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives 2, 5 and thiazolidinones 4a,b and 6, 7. Structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by analytical and spectral data. The synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro for anticancer activity against the human breast (MCF-7), human liver (HEPG2) and human colon (HCT116) cancer cell lines. Thiazolidinone derivative 7 was the most active against all the cell lines with values IC50 = 2.60, 2.80 and 2.60 microg/mL compared with doxorubicin (IC50 = 5.40, 2.97 and 5.26 microg/mL). Thiazolidinone derivative 6 exhibited higher activity with IC50 value (3.20 microg/mL) against HCT116 when compared with doxorubicin with IC50 value (5.26 microg/mL) as positive control.
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Awaad AS, Al-Zaylaee HM, Alqasoumi SI, Zain ME, Aloyan EM, Alafeefy AM, Awad ESH, El-Meligy RM. Anti-leishmanial Activities of Extracts and Isolated Compounds from Drechslera rostrata
and Eurotium tonpholium. Phytother Res 2013; 28:774-80. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Saleh I. Alqasoumi
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy; King Saud University; KSA
| | - Mohamed E. Zain
- Botany and Microbiology Department; King Saud University; Riyadh KSA
| | - Ebtesam M. Aloyan
- Zoology Department, College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh KSA
| | - Ahmed M. Alafeefy
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy; Salman Bin Abdulaziz University; Al-Kharj KSA
| | - Elham S. H. Awad
- Department of Hydrobiology; National Research Centre; Cairo Egypt
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Demirci B, Tsikolia M, Bernier UR, Agramonte NM, Alqasoumi SI, Al-Yahya MA, Al-Rehaily AJ, Yusufoglu HS, Demirci F, Başer KHC, Khan IA, Tabanca N. Phoenix dactylifera L. spathe essential oil: chemical composition and repellent activity against the yellow fever mosquito. Acta Trop 2013; 128:557-60. [PMID: 23948523 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Date palm, Phoenix dactylifera L. (Arecaceae), grows commonly in the Arabian Peninsula and is traditionally used to treat various diseases. The aim of the present study was to identify chemical composition of the essential oil and to investigate the repellent activity. The essential oil of P. dactylifera was obtained by hydrodistillation from the spathe, a specialized leaf structure that surrounds the pollinating organs of the palm. The oil was subsequently analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The oil showed promising repellent activity against yellow fever mosquito - Aedes aegypti. Sixteen components were characterized, constituting 99% of the oil. The main components were 3,4-dimethoxytoluene (73.5%), 2,4-dimethoxytoluene (9.5%), β-caryophyllene (5.5%), p-cresyl methyl ether (3.8%), and caryophyllene oxide (2.4%). The minimum effective dosage (MED) for repellency for the P. dactylifera oil was 0.051mg/cm(2), which had moderately lower potency compared to reference standard N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide, DEET (0.018mg/cm(2)) in the "cloth patch assay". The five major compounds were individually assayed for repellency to determine to what extent each is responsible for repellency from the oil. 3,4-Dimethoxytoluene and 2,4-dimethoxytoluene showed the best repellent activity with the same MED value of 0.063mg/cm(2), respectively. The results indicate that these two constituents which comprise a large proportion of the P. dactylifera oil (83%) are likely responsible for the observed repellent activity. In this aspect, the P. dactylifera spathe oil is a sustainable, promising new source of natural repellents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betül Demirci
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Anadolu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey
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Alqasoumi SI, Alam P, Anwer MK, Abdel-Kader MS. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF KHELLIN IN AMMI VISNAGA FRUITS AND PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS USING HPTLC AND HPLC. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.733999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saleh I. Alqasoumi
- a Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy , Salman Bin Abdulaziz University , Al-Kharj , Saudi Arabia
- b Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy , King Saud University , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Prawez Alam
- a Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy , Salman Bin Abdulaziz University , Al-Kharj , Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Khalid Anwer
- c Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy , Salman Bin Abdulaziz University , Al-Kharj , Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged S. Abdel-Kader
- a Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy , Salman Bin Abdulaziz University , Al-Kharj , Saudi Arabia
- d Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy , Alexandria University , Alexandria , Egypt
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Alafeefy AM, Alqasoumi SI, Abdel Hamid SG, El-Tahir KEH, Mohamed M, Zain ME, Awaad AS. Synthesis and hypoglycemic activity of some new theophylline derivatives. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2013; 29:443-8. [PMID: 23701264 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2013.795957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirty-one new theophylline derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their hypoglycemic activity. Compounds 24 (56% reduction) and 31 (57% reduction) showed better hypoglycemic activity than the standard drug glibenclamide which showed 52% reduction in serum glucose level. Compound 27 remarkably reduced serum glucose level by 53%. Ten compounds showed varying degrees of hypoglycemic activity ranging from 20 to 37% reduction in serum glucose level compared to the standard drug. The aromatic amide functionality is the common feature of these theophylline hypoglycemic derivatives. However, anthranilamide and or aliphatic amides proved to be the least active compounds in the present series.
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Awaad AS, El-Meligy RM, Al-Jaber NA, Al-Muteeri HS, Zain ME, Alqasoumi SI, Alafeefy AM, Donia AERM. Anti-ulcerative colitis activity of compounds from Euphorbia granuleta Forssk. Phytother Res 2013; 27:1729-34. [PMID: 23580316 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-ulcerative colitis (UC) activity of the total alcohol extracts of Euphorbia granuleta Forssk. (Euphorpiaceae), isolate and identify the active compounds that could be responsible for the activity, in addition to determination of the possible mechanism of action. Six compounds were isolated and identified from this plant: three phenolic compounds (kampferol, kampferol-3-glucoside and kampferol-3-galactoside) in addition to three steroidal compounds (1-ethoxypentacosane, heptacosan-1-ol and β-sitosterol). Three compounds (heptacosan-1-ol, β-sitosterol and kampferol-3-galactoside) were found to be responsible for the anti-UC activity of E. granuleta extract. The anti-UC activity of these compounds may be explained by reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), in addition to reduction of colonic malondialdehyde (MDA) contents. No side effects were reported on liver and kidney functions. The active compounds reduced both serum TNF-α and mucosal MDA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani S Awaad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
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Donia AERM, Soliman GA, Zaghloul AM, Alqasoumi SI, Awaad AS, Radwan AM, Basodan OA. Chemical constituents and protective effect of Ficus ingens (Miq.) Miq. on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver damage in male Wistar albino rats. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2012.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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