1
|
Long Y, Hwang T, Gooding AR, Goodrich KJ, Vallery TK, Rinn JL, Hanson SD, Cech TR. Evaluation of the RNA-dependence of PRC2 binding to chromatin in human pluripotent stem cells. bioRxiv 2024:2023.08.17.553776. [PMID: 37645830 PMCID: PMC10462166 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.17.553776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2), an important histone modifier and epigenetic repressor, has been known to interact with RNA for almost two decades. In our previous publication (Long, Hwang et al. 2020), we presented data supporting the functional importance of RNA interaction in maintaining PRC2 occupancy on chromatin, using comprehensive approaches including an RNA-binding mutant of PRC2 and an rChIP-seq assay. Recently, concerns have been expressed regarding whether the RNA-binding mutant has impaired histone methyltransferase activity and whether the rChIP-seq assay can potentially generate artifacts. Here we provide new data that support a number of our original findings. First, we found the RNA-binding mutant to be fully capable of maintaining H3K27me3 levels in human induced pluripotent stem cells. The mutant had reduced methyltransferase activity in vitro, but only on some substrates at early time points. Second, we found that our rChIP-seq method gave consistent data across antibodies and cell lines. Third, we further optimized rChIP-seq by using lower concentrations of RNase A and incorporating a catalytically inactive mutant RNase A as a control, as well as using an alternative RNase (RNase T1). The EZH2 rChIP-seq results using the optimized protocols supported our original finding that RNA interaction contributes to the chromatin occupancy of PRC2.
Collapse
|
2
|
Hwang T, Tsai T, Chou K, Ho C, Chang A. Cadherin-11 blockade activates pyroptosis-mediated anti-tumor immunity in bladder cancer. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00585-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
|
3
|
Much C, Smallegan MJ, Hwang T, Hanson SD, Dumbović G, Rinn JL. Evolutionary divergence of Firre localization and expression. RNA 2022; 28:842-853. [PMID: 35304421 PMCID: PMC9074896 DOI: 10.1261/rna.079070.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are rapidly evolving and thus typically poorly conserved in their sequences. How these sequence differences affect the characteristics and potential functions of lncRNAs with shared synteny remains unclear. Here we show that the syntenically conserved lncRNA Firre displays distinct expression and localization patterns in human and mouse. Single molecule RNA FISH reveals that in a range of cell lines, mouse Firre (mFirre) is predominantly nuclear, while human FIRRE (hFIRRE) is distributed between the cytoplasm and nucleus. This localization pattern is maintained in human/mouse hybrid cells expressing both human and mouse Firre, implying that the localization of the lncRNA is species autonomous. We find that the majority of hFIRRE transcripts in the cytoplasm are comprised of isoforms that are enriched in RRD repeats. We furthermore determine that in various tissues, mFirre is more highly expressed than its human counterpart. Our data illustrate that the rapid evolution of syntenic lncRNAs can lead to variations in lncRNA localization and abundance, which in turn may result in disparate lncRNA functions even in closely related species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Much
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - Michael J Smallegan
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80302, USA
| | - Taeyoung Hwang
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - Skylar D Hanson
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - Gabrijela Dumbović
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - John L Rinn
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80302, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hwang T, Kim S, Chowdhury T, Yu HJ, Kim KM, Kang H, Won JK, Park SH, Shin JH, Park CK. Genome-wide perturbations of Alu expression and Alu-associated post-transcriptional regulations distinguish oligodendroglioma from other gliomas. Commun Biol 2022; 5:62. [PMID: 35042936 PMCID: PMC8766575 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03011-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractAlu is a primate-specific repeat element in the human genome and has been increasingly appreciated as a regulatory element in many biological processes. But the appreciation of Alu has been limited in tumorigenesis, especially for brain tumor. To investigate the relevance of Alu to the gliomagenesis, we studied Alu element-associated post-transcriptional processes and the RNA expression of the element by performing RNA-seq for a total of 41 pairs of neurotypical and diverse glioma brain tissues. We find that A-to-I editing and circular RNA levels, as well as Alu RNA expression, are decreased overall in gliomas, compared to normal tissue. Interestingly, grade 2 oligodendrogliomas are least affected in A-to-I editing and circular RNA levels among gliomas, whereas they have a higher proportion of down-regulated Alu subfamilies, compared to the other gliomas. These findings collectively imply a unique pattern of Alu-associated transcriptomes in grade 2 oligodendroglioma, providing an insight to gliomagenesis from the perspective of an evolutionary genetic element.
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang Z, Jiang F, Wehby J, Aleksandrov A, Estabrooks S, Brodsky J, Hirschi M, Balch W, Sabusap C, Plate L, Fang X, Hwang T, Soya N, Lukacs G, Wang C, Vorobiev S, Hunt J, Brouillette C, Kappes J. 622: CFTR protein production core: Availability of purified full-length wild-type and disease-mutant CFTR proteins and new experimental data revealing insights into CFTR function and disease mechanism. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)02045-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
6
|
Hwang T, Yoon M, Kim M, Kim I, Yu H, Kim T, Uhm J, Kim J, Joung B, Lee M, Pak H. Clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of extra-pulmonary vein triggers in patients who underwent catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Europace 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euab116.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Extra-pulmonary vein (PV) triggers play significant roles in atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after AF catheter ablation (AFCA).
Purpose
We explore the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of extra-PV triggers in de novo and repeat-AFCA procedure.
Methods
We included 2,151 patients who had de novo AFCA and 319 repeat AFCA (female 28.0%, 59.1 ± 10.8 years old, paroxysmal AF 65.1%) those underwent post-procedural isoproterenol (ISO) provocation tests. We analysed the clinical, electrophysiological, and procedure-related factors associated with extra-PV triggers.
Results
Extra-PV triggers were documented in 11.9% (1.19 ± 0.42 foci) after de novo-AFCA and 27.0% (1.37 ± 0.65 foci) after repeat-AFCA (p = 0.004). LA volume index (OR 1.02 [1.01-1.03], p = 0.004), history of vascular disease (OR 0.55[0.31-0.91], p = 0.028) and Lead I amplitude of electrocardiogram (OR <0.01 [<0.01-0.62], p = 0.032) were independently associated with the existence of extra-PV triggers in de-novo procedure. Women (OR 1.84 [1.03-3.25], p = 0.037) and LA appendage volume (OR 1.04 [1.01-1.07] p = 0.027) were independently associated with extra-PV triggers during the redo-mapping procedure. Septum (28.4%), coronary sinus (24.0%), and superior vena cava (19.6%) were common extra-PV foci, and septal foci were more commonly found in repeat mapping (38.4% vs. 25.0%, p = 0.025). Among 65 patients who showed extra-PV at the repeat procedures, 19 (29.2%) matched with previous focal or empirical extra-PV ablation sites and 9 (13.8%) were multiple or unmappable sites. AF recurrence rates were significantly higher in both patients with extra-PV triggers after de novo procedures (Log-rank P <0.001; HR 1.93 [1.58-2.36], p= <0.001) and repeat procedures (Log-rank P <0.001, HR 1.87 [1.29-2.70], p= <0.001).
Conclusion
ISO provoked extra-PV triggers commonly found in AF patients with significant remodelling and previous empirical or focal extra-PV ablations. Existence of extra-PV triggers were independently associated with poorer rhythm outcome after both de novo and repeat AFCA. Denovo AF ablation outcome OverallExtra-PV triggers (-)Extra-PV triggers (+)p-value(n = 2151)(n = 1895)(n = 256)Age, yrs58.98 ± 10.9558.73 ± 11.0360.76 ± 10.200.006Male, (%)1550 ( 72.1)1389 ( 73.3)161 ( 62.9)0.001Follow up duration, month50.30 (37.71)51.65 (37.95)40.71 (34.58)<0.001Early recurrence (%)579 ( 27.8)455 ( 24.9)124 ( 48.4)<0.001Clinical recurrence (%)699 ( 33.6)584 ( 32.0)115 ( 44.9)<0.001Abstract Figure. AF free survival according to Extra PVT
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Hwang
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M Yoon
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M Kim
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - I Kim
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H Yu
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - T Kim
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Uhm
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Kim
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - B Joung
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M Lee
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H Pak
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hwang T, Kim M, Yu H, Kim T, Uhm J, Joung B, Lee M, Pak H. Long-term outcomes of empirical extra-pulmonary vein linear ablation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation. Europace 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euab116.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): This work was supported by grants [HI18C0070] and [HI19C0114] from the Korea Health 21 R&D Project, Ministry of Health and Welfare, and a grant [NRF-2020R1A2B01001695] from the Basic Science Research Program run by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF).
Background
Although extra-pulmonary vein (PV) left atrial (LA) linear ablation has been performed during catheter ablation (CA) of persistent atrial fibrillation (PeAF), the long-term efficacy and safety of this procedure have not yet been verified.
Purpose
We investigated whether an anterior line (AL) and posterior box ablation (POBA) in addition to circumferential PV isolation (CPVI) improves the rhythm without worsening the LA function in PeAF patients.
Methods
We retrospectively compared the additional AL + POBA and CPVI alone groups in 604 patients with PeAF who underwent regular rhythm follow-ups (16.9%; males 79.3%, 58.5 ± 10.7 years of age) after propensity score matching. The primary endpoint was AF recurrence after single procedures and secondary endpoints were the cardioversion rate, response to anti arrhythmic drugs, LA changes, and re-conduction rates of the de-novo ablation lesion set.
Results
After a mean follow-up of 45.2 ± 33.6 months, the clinical recurrence rate did not significantly differ between the two groups (log-rank p = 0.554) despite longer procedure times in the AL + POBA group (p < 0.001). Atrial tachycardia recurrences (p = 0.001) and the cardioversion rates after ablation (p < 0.001) were higher in the AL + POBA group than CPVI group. AL + POBA was associated with better rhythm outcomes in patients with large anterior LA volume indices (p for interaction 0.037) and low mean LAA(left atrial appendage) voltages (p for interaction 0.019). In repeat procedures, the LA pulse pressure elevation was significant after the AL + POBA.
Conclusion
In patients with PeAF, an AL + POBA in addition to the CPVI did not improve the rhythm outcomes nor influence the long-term safety, and lead to more extended procedures. Procedure outcomes OverallAL + POBACPVIp-value(n = 604)(n = 302)(n = 302)Procedure time, min190.8 ± 62.6226.9 ± 49.4154.6 ± 52.8<0.001Ablation time, sec5079 ± 19566420 ± 13723738± 1475<0.001Overall complications24 (4.0)13 (4.3)11 (3.6)0.835Early recurrence, n (%)277 (45.9)129 (42.7)148 (49.0)0.142Recurrence type AT, n (% in early recur)77 (27.8)51 (39.5)26 (17.6)<0.001Clinical recurrence within 1-year, n(%)116 (19.2)52 (17.2)65 (21.5)0.256Recurrence type AT, n (% in clinical recur)60 (23.1)46 (30.7)14 (12.7)0.001Cardioversion, n (% in total recur/ % overall)105 (40.4/17.4)74 (49.3/24.5)31 (28.1/10.3)<0.001POBA, posterior box ablation; AL, anterior line; CPVI, circumferential pulmonary vein isolation; AT, atrial tachycardia;Abstract Figure. Long term ablation outcome
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Hwang
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M Kim
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H Yu
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - T Kim
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Uhm
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - B Joung
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - M Lee
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - H Pak
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vokinger K, Daniore P, Hwang T, Kesselheim A. 1593P Prices and price developments of cancer drugs in the US and Europe. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.2304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
9
|
Hwang T, Chen P, Tsai T, Yang S, Chen H, Lin Y, Chou K, Lin J. Cis-platinum induces immunity evasion demonstrated by PD-L1 expression in bladder cancer cells. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)32614-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
10
|
Valenza JM, Edmonds DA, Hwang T, Roy S. Downstream changes in river avulsion style are related to channel morphology. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2116. [PMID: 32355160 PMCID: PMC7192919 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15859-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most dramatic events in river environments is the natural diversion, or avulsion, of a channel across its floodplain. Though rarely witnessed, avulsions can cause massive floods, and over geologic time they create most of the fluvial stratigraphic record. Avulsions exhibit behavior ranging from reoccupying abandoned channels to constructing new channels and splay complexes. To quantify avulsion behavior, or style, we measure avulsion-related floodplain disturbance in modern environments. We show that for 63 avulsions from Andean, Himalayan, and New Guinean basins, avulsion style correlates with channel morphology and changes systematically downstream. Avulsions in braided rivers reoccupy abandoned channels, whereas avulsions in meandering rivers often produce flooding and sediment deposition during channel construction. These downstream changes in avulsion style can explain the abrupt transition from channel-dominated to floodplain-dominated facies commonly observed in foreland basin stratigraphy. These dynamics also explain why some avulsions are more hazardous than others. River avulsions are dramatic events that can cause the loss of many human lives. The authors here investigate how river avulsion style changes with river morphology, and how these changes impact flooding and stratigraphy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Valenza
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Indiana University, 1001 East 10th Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
| | - D A Edmonds
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Indiana University, 1001 East 10th Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - T Hwang
- Department of Geography, Indiana University, 701 E Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - S Roy
- Department of Geography, Indiana University, 701 E Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.,Planet Labs, 645 Harrison Street, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Holmes ZE, Hamilton DJ, Hwang T, Parsonnet NV, Rinn JL, Wuttke DS, Batey RT. The Sox2 transcription factor binds RNA. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1805. [PMID: 32286318 PMCID: PMC7156710 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain transcription factors are proposed to form functional interactions with RNA to facilitate proper regulation of gene expression. Sox2, a transcription factor critical for maintenance of pluripotency and neurogenesis, has been found associated with several lncRNAs, although it is unknown whether these interactions are direct or via other proteins. Here we demonstrate that human Sox2 interacts directly with one of these lncRNAs with high affinity through its HMG DNA-binding domain in vitro. These interactions are primarily with double-stranded RNA in a non-sequence specific fashion, mediated by a similar but not identical interaction surface. We further determined that Sox2 directly binds RNA in mouse embryonic stem cells by UV-cross-linked immunoprecipitation of Sox2 and more than a thousand Sox2-RNA interactions in vivo were identified using fRIP-seq. Together, these data reveal that Sox2 employs a high-affinity/low-specificity paradigm for RNA binding in vitro and in vivo. Some transcription factors have been proposed to functionally interact with RNA to facilitate proper regulation of gene expression. Here the authors demonstrate that human Sox2 interact directly and with high affinity to RNAs through its HMG DNA-binding domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachariah E Holmes
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, Campus Box 596, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Desmond J Hamilton
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, Campus Box 596, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Taeyoung Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, Campus Box 596, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Nicholas V Parsonnet
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, Campus Box 596, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - John L Rinn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, Campus Box 596, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.,BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado at Boulder, Campus Box 596, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Deborah S Wuttke
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, Campus Box 596, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
| | - Robert T Batey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, Campus Box 596, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Price AJ, Hwang T, Tao R, Burke EE, Rajpurohit A, Shin JH, Hyde TM, Kleinman JE, Jaffe AE, Weinberger DR. Characterizing the nuclear and cytoplasmic transcriptomes in developing and mature human cortex uncovers new insight into psychiatric disease gene regulation. Genome Res 2019; 30:1-11. [PMID: 31852722 PMCID: PMC6961577 DOI: 10.1101/gr.250217.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptome compartmentalization by the nuclear membrane provides both stochastic and functional buffering of transcript activity in the cytoplasm, and has recently been implicated in neurodegenerative disease processes. Although many mechanisms regulating transcript compartmentalization are also prevalent in brain development, the extent to which subcellular localization differs as the brain matures has yet to be addressed. To characterize the nuclear and cytoplasmic transcriptomes during brain development, we sequenced both RNA fractions from homogenate prenatal and adult human postmortem cortex using poly(A)+ and Ribo-Zero library preparation methods. We find that while many genes are differentially expressed by fraction and developmental expression changes are similarly detectable in nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA, the compartmented transcriptomes become more distinct as the brain matures, perhaps reflecting increased utilization of nuclear retention as a regulatory strategy in adult brain. We examined potential mechanisms of this developmental divergence including alternative splicing, RNA editing, nuclear pore composition, RNA-binding protein motif enrichment, and RNA secondary structure. Intron retention is associated with greater nuclear abundance in a subset of transcripts, as is enrichment for several splicing factor binding motifs. Finally, we examined disease association with fraction-regulated gene sets and found nuclear-enriched genes were also preferentially enriched in gene sets associated with neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders. These results suggest that although gene-level expression is globally comparable between fractions, nuclear retention of transcripts may play an underappreciated role in developmental regulation of gene expression in brain, particularly in genes whose dysregulation is related to neuropsychiatric disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Price
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,McKusick Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Taeyoung Hwang
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Ran Tao
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Emily E Burke
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | | | - Joo Heon Shin
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Thomas M Hyde
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Joel E Kleinman
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Andrew E Jaffe
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,McKusick Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Daniel R Weinberger
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,McKusick Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lewandowski JP, Lee JC, Hwang T, Sunwoo H, Goldstein JM, Groff AF, Chang NP, Mallard W, Williams A, Henao-Meija J, Flavell RA, Lee JT, Gerhardinger C, Wagers AJ, Rinn JL. The Firre locus produces a trans-acting RNA molecule that functions in hematopoiesis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5137. [PMID: 31723143 PMCID: PMC6853988 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12970-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA has been classically known to play central roles in biology, including maintaining telomeres, protein synthesis, and in sex chromosome compensation. While thousands of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified, attributing RNA-based roles to lncRNA loci requires assessing whether phenotype(s) could be due to DNA regulatory elements, transcription, or the lncRNA. Here, we use the conserved X chromosome lncRNA locus Firre, as a model to discriminate between DNA- and RNA-mediated effects in vivo. We demonstrate that (i) Firre mutant mice have cell-specific hematopoietic phenotypes, and (ii) upon exposure to lipopolysaccharide, mice overexpressing Firre exhibit increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and impaired survival. (iii) Deletion of Firre does not result in changes in local gene expression, but rather in changes on autosomes that can be rescued by expression of transgenic Firre RNA. Together, our results provide genetic evidence that the Firre locus produces a trans-acting lncRNA that has physiological roles in hematopoiesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan P Lewandowski
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James C Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Taeyoung Hwang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Hongjae Sunwoo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jill M Goldstein
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School, 77 Louis Pasteur Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abigail F Groff
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nydia P Chang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - William Mallard
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Adam Williams
- The Jackson Laboratory, JAX Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Jorge Henao-Meija
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeannie T Lee
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chiara Gerhardinger
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Amy J Wagers
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Harvard Medical School, 77 Louis Pasteur Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John L Rinn
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rodríguez AB, Tapia J, Hwang T, Valiente CM, Templeton A, Barnadas A, Amir E, Tibau A. Change in magnitude of clinical benefit, overall survival (OS) and quality of life (QoL) between time of approval and post-marketing among cancer drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 2006-2015. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz263.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
15
|
|
16
|
Mathios D, Hwang T, Xia Y, Phallen J, Rui Y, See AP, Maxwell R, Belcaid Z, Casaos J, Burger PC, McDonald KL, Gallia GL, Cope L, Kai M, Brem H, Pardoll DM, Ha P, Green JJ, Velculescu VE, Bettegowda C, Park C, Lim M. Genome‐wide investigation of intragenic DNA methylation identifies
ZMIZ1
gene as a prognostic marker in glioblastoma and multiple cancer types. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:3425-3435. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Mathios
- Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Taeyoung Hwang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development Baltimore MD
| | - Yuanxuan Xia
- Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Jillian Phallen
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Yuan Rui
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development Baltimore MD
| | - Alfred P. See
- Department of NeurosurgeryBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard School of Medicine Boston MA
| | - Russell Maxwell
- Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Zineb Belcaid
- Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Joshua Casaos
- Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Peter C. Burger
- Department of NeuropathologyJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Kerrie L. McDonald
- Cure for Life Neuro‐Oncology Group, Lowy Cancer Research CentrePrince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Gary L. Gallia
- Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Leslie Cope
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Mihoko Kai
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Henry Brem
- Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Drew M. Pardoll
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
- Department of MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
- Department of PathologyJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Patrick Ha
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Jordan J. Green
- Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development Baltimore MD
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Victor E. Velculescu
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
- Department of PathologyJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Chetan Bettegowda
- Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| | - Chul‐Kee Park
- Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
- Department of NeurosurgerySeoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Michael Lim
- Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hwang T, Mathios D, McDonald KL, Daris I, Park SH, Burger PC, Kim S, Dho YS, Carolyn H, Bettegowda C, Shin JH, Lim M, Park CK. Integrative analysis of DNA methylation suggests down-regulation of oncogenic pathways and reduced somatic mutation rates in survival outliers of glioblastoma. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:88. [PMID: 31159876 PMCID: PMC6545689 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0744-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of survival outliers of glioblastoma can provide important clues on gliomagenesis as well as on the ways to alter clinical course of this almost uniformly lethal cancer type. However, there has been little consensus on genetic and epigenetic signatures of the long-term survival outliers of glioblastoma. Although the two classical molecular markers of glioblastoma including isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 or 2 (IDH1/2) mutation and O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation are associated with overall survival rate of glioblastoma patients, they are not specific to the survival outliers. In this study, we compared the two groups of survival outliers of glioblastoma with IDH wild-type, consisting of the glioblastoma patients who lived longer than 3 years (n = 17) and the patients who lived less than 1 year (n = 12) in terms of genome-wide DNA methylation profile. Statistical analyses were performed to identify differentially methylated sites between the two groups. Functional implication of DNA methylation patterns specific to long-term survivors of glioblastoma were investigated by comprehensive enrichment analyses with genomic and epigenomic features. We found that the genome of long-term survivors of glioblastoma is differentially methylated relative to short-term survivor patients depending on CpG density: hypermethylation near CpG islands (CGIs) and hypomethylation far from CGIs. Interestingly, these two patterns are associated with distinct oncogenic aspects in gliomagenesis. In the long-term survival glioblastoma-specific sites distant from CGI, somatic mutations of glioblastoma are enriched with higher DNA methylation, suggesting that the hypomethylation in long-term survival glioblastoma can contribute to reduce the rate of somatic mutation. On the other hand, the hypermethylation near CGIs associates with transcriptional downregulation of genes involved in cancer progression pathways. Using independent cohorts of IDH1/2- wild type glioblastoma, we also showed that these two patterns of DNA methylation can be used as molecular markers of long-term survival glioblastoma. Our results provide extended understanding of DNA methylation, especially of DNA hypomethylation, in cancer genome and reveal clinical importance of DNA methylation pattern as prognostic markers of glioblastoma.
Collapse
|
18
|
Borrell Puy M, Molto Valiente C, Vokinger K, Hwang T, Ocana Fernandez A, Templeton A, Seruga B, Gich Saladich I, Barnadas A, Amir E, Tibau A. Magnitude of clinical benefit in trials supporting US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) accelerated approval (AA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) conditional marketing authorisation (CMA) and subsequent trials supporting conversion to full approval. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy297.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
19
|
Hwang T, Vokinger K, Tibau A, Gyawali B, Naci H, Franklin J, Beall R, Kesselheim A. Magnitude of clinical benefit of cancer drugs and time to health technology assessment (HTA) decisions in Europe. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy424.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
20
|
Molto Valiente C, Borrell M, Hwang T, Gich Saladich I, Barnadas A, Amir E, Kesselheim A, Tibau A. Magnitude of clinical benefit of trials supporting US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of breakthrough and non-breakthrough drugs. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy297.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
21
|
Hwang T, Mathios D, McDonald K, Daris I, Park S, Burger P, Kim S, Dho Y, Hruban C, Bettegowda C, Shin J, Lim M, Park C. P04.32 Integrative analysis of DNA methylation suggests down-regulation of oncogenic pathways and reduced de-novo mutation in survival outliers of glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy139.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Hwang
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - D Mathios
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - K McDonald
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - I Daris
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - S Park
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - P Burger
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - S Kim
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - Y Dho
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | - C Hruban
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - C Bettegowda
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - J Shin
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - M Lim
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - C Park
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yoon Y, Hwang T, Lee H. Prediction of radiographic abnormalities by the use of bag-of-features and convolutional neural networks. Vet J 2018; 237:43-48. [PMID: 30089544 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility of bag-of-features (BOF) and convolutional neural networks (CNN) for computer-aided detection in distinguishing normal from abnormal radiographic findings. Computed thoracic radiographs of dogs were collected. For the purposes of this study, radiographic findings were used to distinguish between normal and abnormal in the following areas: (1) normal cardiac silhouette vs. cardiomegaly, (2) normal lung vs. abnormal lung patterns, (3) normal mediastinal position vs. mediastinal shift, (4) normal pleural space vs. pleural effusion, and (5) normal pleural space vs. pneumothorax. Images for training and testing the models consisted of ventrodorsal and lateral projection images of the same scale. The number of images used for each finding are as follow: 3142 for cardiomegaly (1571 normal and 1571 abnormal from 1143 dogs), 2086 for lung pattern (1043 normal and 1043 abnormal from 1247 dogs), 892 for mediastinal shift (446 normal and 446 abnormal from 387 dogs), 940 for pleural effusion (470 normal and 470 abnormal from 284 dogs), and 78 for pneumothorax (39 normal and 39 abnormal from 61 dogs). All data samples were divided so that 60% would be used for training the algorithms and 40% for testing the two models. The performance of the classifiers was evaluated by calculating the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. The accuracy of both models ranged from 79.6% to 96.9% in the testing set. CNN showed higher accuracy (CNN; 92.9-96.9% and BOF; 79.6-96.9%) and sensitivity (CNN; 92.1-100% and BOF; 74.1-94.8%) than BOF. In conclusion, both BOF and CNN have potential to be useful for improving work efficiency by double reading.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Yoon
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 30488, South Korea
| | - T Hwang
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 30488, South Korea
| | - H Lee
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 30488, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Shin J, Shim HG, Hwang T, Kim H, Kang SH, Dho YS, Park SH, Kim SJ, Park CK. Restoration of miR-29b exerts anti-cancer effects on glioblastoma. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:104. [PMID: 29176935 PMCID: PMC5693545 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is known as one of the most fatal forms of cancer. MicroRNAs have been widely implicated in the regulation of mammalian development and pathogenesis. The brain-enriched miR-29 subfamilies are known to be exclusively expressed in the developing brain, and they are aberrantly down-regulated in GBM. This study aims to elucidate the role of miR-29b in GBM development and the feasibility of therapeutic targeting using conjugated nanoparticles. Methods After confirmation of miR-29b expression levels in GBM tissues by analysis of open source data, the anticancer effect of miR-29b was tested by the introduction of syn-hsa-miR-29b-3p in the A172 GBM cell line. In vitro studies of cell viability and apoptosis and ex vivo study using GBM tissue slice cultures from 3 patients and nanoparticle delivery of miR-29b were performed. Results We discovered an increase in apoptotic cell populations with the introduction of miR-29b in the GBM cell line. An established human-derived GBM tissue slice culture system confirmed the anticancer effect of miR-29b-conjugated nanoparticles. Using PCR array, we found that exogenous miR-29b inhibits the expression of COL1A2, COL3A1, COL4A1, ELN, ITGA11, MMP24, and SPARC, which mediates an anticancer effect. Conclusions miR-29b may serve as a putative therapeutic molecule when its expression is restored using a nanoparticle delivery system in GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaekyung Shin
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hyun Geun Shim
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Taeyoung Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Hyungsin Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shin-Hyuk Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun-Sik Dho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Jeong Kim
- Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul-Kee Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Beta T, Hwang T. Influence of heat and moisture treatment on carotenoids, phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity of orange maize flour. Food Chem 2017; 246:58-64. [PMID: 29291878 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.10.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effect of heat and moisture treatment (HMT) on carotenoids, phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of ground, orange maize. Total carotenoid content (TCC) of untreated sample (53.39 mg/kg) was 2.2 times higher than measured in treated orange maize f (24.61 mg/kg). The rates of degradation with HMT were in the following order: β-carotene > β-cryptoxanthin > zeaxanthin > lutein. There was a significant interaction between longer heating time and higher moisture content on carotenoid degradation (p < .05). Total phenolic content (TPC) in raw sample (1664.74 mg/kg) was two-fold higher than in treated orange maize (827.89 mg/kg). Ferulic acid was the most abundant and stable phenolic acid in raw and treated orange maize. The antioxidant capacity of orange maize was higher in methanol than in butanol extracts. The highest correlation (0.924) was observed between TPC and ABTS+ scavenging capacity of methanol extracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trust Beta
- University of Manitoba, Department of Food & Human Nutritional Sciences, 250 Ellis Building, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada; University of Manitoba, Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Taeyoung Hwang
- University of Manitoba, Department of Food & Human Nutritional Sciences, 250 Ellis Building, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada; Jungwon University, Department of Food Science and Technology, Goesan, Chungbook 367-805, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kim S, Kim JE, Kim YH, Hwang T, Kim SK, Xu WJ, Shin JY, Kim JI, Choi H, Kim HC, Cho HR, Choi A, Chowdhury T, Seo Y, Dho YS, Kim JW, Kim DG, Park SH, Kim H, Choi SH, Park S, Lee SH, Park CK. Glutaminase 2 expression is associated with regional heterogeneity of 5-aminolevulinic acid fluorescence in glioblastoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12221. [PMID: 28939850 PMCID: PMC5610329 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12557-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence-guided surgery using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is now a widely-used modality for glioblastoma (GBM) treatment. However, intratumoral heterogeneity of fluorescence intensity may reflect different onco-metabolic programs. Here, we investigated the metabolic mechanism underlying the heterogeneity of 5-ALA fluorescence in GBM. Using an in-house developed fluorescence quantification system for tumor tissues, we collected 3 types of GBM tissues on the basis of their fluorescence intensity, which was characterized as strong, weak, and none. Expression profiling by RNA-sequencing revealed 77 genes with a proportional relationship and 509 genes with an inverse relationship between gene expression and fluorescence intensity. Functional analysis and in vitro experiments confirmed glutaminase 2 (GLS2) as a key gene associated with the fluorescence heterogeneity. Subsequent metabolite profiling discovered that insufficient NADPH due to GLS2 underexpression was responsible for the delayed metabolism of 5-ALA and accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in the high fluorescence area. The expression level of GLS2 and related NADPH production capacity is associated with the regional heterogeneity of 5-ALA fluorescence in GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sojin Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ja Eun Kim
- Cell and Gene Therapy Products Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yong Hwy Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taeyoung Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sung Kwon Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea
| | - Wen Jun Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Yeon Shin
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Il Kim
- Department of Biochemical and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Hee Chan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Rim Cho
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Anna Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tamrin Chowdhury
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngbeom Seo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yun-Sik Dho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Wook Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Gyu Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hye Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeonjin Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hong Choi
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunghyouk Park
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se-Hoon Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul-Kee Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Park CK, Kim SJ, Kim JE, Kim YH, Hwang T, Han JH, Kim KJ, Lee ST, Kim TM, Choi SH, Park S, Lee SH. METB-02. EXPRESSION LEVEL OF GLUTAMINASE 2 IS ASSOCIATED WITH REGIONAL HETEROGENEITY OF 5-AMINOLEVULINIC ACID FLUORESCENCE IN GLIOBLASTOMA. Neuro Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now212.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
27
|
Hwang T, Koo T. SU-F-T-315: Comparative Studies of Planar Dose with Different Spatial Resolution for Head and Neck IMRT QA. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4956500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
28
|
Yalcin S, Glasberg S, Abali H, Aykan F, Bai L, Kattan J, Lim H, Park Y, Raef H, Ramos J, Rau K, Saglam S, Serdengecti S, Sevinc A, Shan Y, Shyr Y, Sriuranpong V, Turhal S, Yeh K, Hwang T. Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Gepnet) Registry: Update from an International Collaboration. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu345.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
29
|
Choe K, Park S, Hwang T. Molecular Stratification of Elderly Patients with Glioblastoma (GBM) Identifies a Subgroup with a Favorable Prognosis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
30
|
|
31
|
Cheong K, Lee M, Kang S, Yoon J, Park S, Hwang T, Kim H, Kim K, Han T, Bae H. SU-E-J-67: Evaluation of Breathing Patterns for Respiratory-Gated Radiation Therapy Using Respiration Regularity Index. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4888119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
32
|
Hwang T, Kurzendorfer T, Girard E, Zhu X, Cahill A. First experience with iGuide navigational software application for bone biopsies in pediatric interventional radiology. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2013.12.587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
33
|
Hwang T, Kang S, Bae H, Suh T. EP-1496: Variation of Gamma Index depending on the spatial resolution for prostate IMRT QA. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)31614-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
34
|
Hwang T, Kang S, Suh T. SU-E-T-720: Maintaining Prostate IMRT Plan Quality Using the Fraction of Rectum Overlapping the PTV. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
35
|
Kim H, Bae H, Lee M, Cheong K, Kim K, Han T, Kang S, Park S, Hwang T. PO-0634 PREDICTIVE FACTORS FOR LUNG INJURY AFTER INTENSITY-MODULATED RADIOTHERAPY IN WHOLE BREAST IRRADIATION. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)70967-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
36
|
Moriera F, So K, Gould P, Kamnasaran D, Jensen RL, Hussain I, Gutmann DH, Gorovets D, Kastenhuber ER, Pentsova E, Nayak L, Huse JT, van den Bent MJ, Gravendeel LA, Gorlia T, Kros JM, Wesseling P, Teepen J, Idbaih A, Sanson M, Smitt PAS, French PJ, Zhang W, Zhang J, Hoadley K, Carter B, Li S, Kang C, You Y, Jiang C, Song S, Jiang T, Chen C, Grimm C, Weiler M, Claus R, Weichenhan D, Hartmann C, Plass C, Weller M, Wick W, Jenkins RB, Sicotte H, Xiao Y, Fridley BL, Decker PA, Kosel ML, Kollmeyer TM, Fink SR, Rynearson AL, Rice T, McCoy LS, Smirnov I, Tehan T, Hansen HM, Patoka JS, Prados MD, Chang SM, Berger MS, Lachance DH, Wiencke JK, Wiemels JL, Wrensch MR, Gephart MH, Lee E, Kyriazopoulou-Panagiotopoulou S, Milenkovic L, Xun X, Hou Y, Kui W, Edwards M, Batzoglou S, Jun W, Scott M, Hobbs JE, Tipton J, Zhou T, Kelleher NL, Chandler JP, Schwarzenberg J, Czernin J, Cloughesy T, Ellingson B, Geist C, Phelps M, Chen W, Nakada M, Hayashi Y, Obuchi W, Ohtsuki S, Watanabe T, Ikeda C, Misaki K, Kita D, Hayashi Y, Uchiyama N, Terasaki T, Hamada JI, Hiddingh L, Tops B, Hulleman E, Kaspers GJL, Vandertop WP, Wesseling P, Noske DP, Wurdinger T, Jeuken JW, See AP, Hwang T, Shin D, Shin JH, Gao Y, Lim M, Hutterer M, Michael M, Gerold U, Karin S, Ingrid G, Florian D, Armin M, Eugen T, Eberhard G, Gunther S, Cook RW, Oelschlager K, Sevim H, Chung L, Wheeler HT, Baxter RC, McDonald KL, Chaturbedi A, Yu L, Zhou YH, Chaturbedi A, Wong A, Fatuyi R, Linskey ME, Zhou YH, Lavon I, Shahar T, Zrihan D, Granit A, Ram Z, Siegal T, Brat DJ, Cooper LA, Gutman DA, Chisolm CS, Appin C, Kong J, Kurc T, Van Meir EG, Saltz JH, Moreno CS, Abuhusain HJ, McDonald KL, Don AS, Nagarajan RP, Johnson BE, Olshen AB, Smirnov I, Xie M, Wang J, Sundaram V, Paris P, Wang T, Costello JF, Sijben AE, Boots-Sprenger SH, Boogaarts J, Rijntjes J, Geitenbeek JM, van der Palen J, Bernsen HJ, Wesseling P, Jeuken JW, Schnell O, Adam SA, Eigenbrod S, Kretzschmar HA, Tonn JC, Schuller U, Schwarzenberg J, Cloughesy T, Czernin J, Geist C, Phelps M, Chen W, Sperduto PW, Kased N, Roberge D, Xu Z, Shanley R, Luo X, Sneed PK, Chao ST, Weil RJ, Suh J, Bhatt A, Jensen AW, Brown PD, Shih HA, Kirkpatrick J, Gaspar LE, Fiveash JB, Chiang V, Knisely JP, Sperduto CM, Lin N, Mehta MP, Kwatra MM, Porter TM, Brown KE, Herndon JE, Bigner DD, Dahlrot RH, Kristensen BW, Hansen S, Sulman EP, Cahill DP, Wang M, Won M, Hegi ME, Mehta MP, Aldape KD, Gilbert MR, Sadr ES, Tessier A, Sadr MS, Alshami J, Sabau C, Del Maestro R, Neal ML, Rockne R, Trister AD, Swanson KR, Maleki S, Back M, Buckland M, Brazier D, McDonald K, Cook R, Parker N, Wheeler H, Jalbert L, Elkhaled A, Phillips JJ, Yoshihara HA, Parvataneni R, Srinivasan R, Bourne G, Chang SM, Cha S, Nelson SJ, Aldape KD, Gilbert M, Cahill D, Wang M, Won M, Hegi M, Colman H, Mehta M, Sulman E, Elkhaled A, Jalbert L, Constantin A, Phillips J, Yoshihara H, Srinivasan R, Bourne G, Chang SM, Cha S, Nelson S, Gunn S, Reveles XT, Tirtorahardjo B, Strecker MN, Fichtel L. -OMICS AND PROGNOSTIC MARKERS. Neuro Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
37
|
Park S, Kang S, Cheong K, Hwang T, Lee M, Kim K, Oh D, Bae H. SU-E-T-168: Variations in Dose Response of Gafchromic EBT2 Film Scanned in Transmission and Reflection Mode. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
38
|
Kang SK, Park S, Hwang T, Cheong K, Lee M, Kim K, Oh D, Bae H. SU-E-T-307: A Dummy Eye Shield for Electron Treatment Planning. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
39
|
Hwang T, Kang S, Park S, Cheong K, Lee M, Kim K, Oh D, Bae H, Suh T. SU-E-T-744: Dose Distribution of a Hip Prosthesis Phantom in Photon Beams. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
40
|
Hwang T. P1‐460: Effect of switching treatment with galantamine in patients with mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2010.05.1016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
41
|
Kang S, Park S, Hwang T, Cheong K, Lee M, Kim K, Oh D, Bae H. SU-GG-T-578: Radiation Treatment Plans Based on the 4D CT Phased Images Generated by Interpolation. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3468979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
42
|
Heo J, Kirn DH, Breitbach C, Cho M, Patt R, Kim C, Kim S, Rhee B, Bell JC, Hwang T. Evaluating antivascular effects and antitumoral activity in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with JX-594, a targeted multimechanistic oncolytic poxvirus, prior to sorafenib therapy. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e14564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
43
|
Nasu Y, Kaku H, Kumon H, Na Y, Xie L, Hwang T, Chen C. POD-04.06: An Asia-wide Translational Research on High-Risk Group Detection Based on ms-SNP and IL-12 Immunogene Therapy for Prostate Cancer. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.1182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
44
|
Kim K, Park S, Cheong K, Kang S, Hwang T, Lee M, Oh D, Bae H. 8560 Dosimetric changes of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plan on the follow-up CT acquired during treatment in the patients with nasopharynx cancer. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)71651-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
45
|
|
46
|
Cheong K, Lee M, Kang S, Park S, Kim K, Hwang T, Bae H, Oh D, Suh T. SU-FF-T-35: A Monte Carlo Study for Evaluation of Tissue Heterogeneity Effect of Inversely Optimized Intracavitary High Dose Rate Brachytherapy Plan. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
47
|
Kang S, Hwang T, Cheong K, Park S, Lee M, Kim K, Oh D, Bae H. SU-FF-T-109: The Dependence of IMRT Plans On the Maximum Number of Segments. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
48
|
Ch’ang H, Hwang T, Wang H, Chang M, Tien Y, Chen J, Hsieh R, Lin P, Shan Y, Cheng A, Chen L. A phase II study of gemcitabine-based chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) after triplet induction chemotherapy (ICT) for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC): A Taiwan Cooperative Oncology Group (TCOG) study. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e15562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e15562 The optimal management of LAPC remains controversial. The efficacy of CCRT is hampered by early systemic dissemination. To treat undetectable metastases and to select patients who are likely to benefit from CCRT, ICT followed by CCRT has recently been extensively evaluated in LAPC. Recently, we showed that triplet chemotherapy consisting of gemcitabine 800 mg/m2 (10 mg/m2/min) followed by oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 and 48-hour infusion of 5-FU/LV 3,000 and 150 mg/m2 Q 2 weeks, the GOFL regimen, is feasible and active for pts with APC. Chemo-naïve pts with histo- /cytologically proven unresectable LAPC, and bi-dimensionally measurable diseases were eligible. Patients who did not experience disease progression (PD) after 6 cycles of GOFL would had CCRT consisting of weekly gemcitabine 400mg/m2 plus 50.4Gy/28 fractions of radiation 4–6 weeks later. After CCRT, pts were re-evaluated for surgical intervention and those with unresectable disease would continue GOFL until PD, unacceptable toxicity, patient's refusal or death. Among the 50 enrolled pts (24F/26M, median age 58.5 years), 48 had definitively unresectable diseases. After induction GOFL, 16 (32%) pts were off-studied because of PD in 12 (24%) and ICT-related toxicity in 4 (8%, PD/UE group). Among the 34 (68%) with objective response or stable disease after 6 cycles of ICT, 27 (54%) who completed the assigned multimodality treatment are categorized as CCRT group; whiles 7 (14%) who either declined CCRT (in 5) or still on ICT (in 2) are categorized as non-CCRT group. The median PFS and OS for the ITT population were 9.1 and 14.5 months, respectively. The median PFS for PD/UE, non-CCRT and CCRT groups were 2.1, 8.2 and 12.8 months, respectively; whiles the OS were 8.5, 15.0 and 18.3 months, respectively. The most common grade 3–4 toxicities were neutropenia (40%), anemia (14%), infection (16%), nausea (26%), vomiting (20%). Grade 2–3 peripheral neuropathy was observed in 7 of 29 who received post-CCRT GOFL. Conclusion: Three months of triplet ICT followed by gemcitabine-based CCRT is feasible and likely to prolong the survival of selected LAPC pts. Prospective, randomization study is warranted to validate the findings. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. Ch’ang
- National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - T. Hwang
- National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - H. Wang
- National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - M. Chang
- National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Y. Tien
- National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - J. Chen
- National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - R. Hsieh
- National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - P. Lin
- National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Y. Shan
- National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - A. Cheng
- National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - L. Chen
- National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan; Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan; National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hwang T, Park T. Identification of differentially expressed subnetworks based on multivariate ANOVA. BMC Bioinformatics 2009; 10:128. [PMID: 19405941 PMCID: PMC2696448 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-10-128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Accepted: 04/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since high-throughput protein-protein interaction (PPI) data has recently become available for humans, there has been a growing interest in combining PPI data with other genome-wide data. In particular, the identification of phenotype-related PPI subnetworks using gene expression data has been of great concern. Successful integration for the identification of significant subnetworks requires the use of a search algorithm with a proper scoring method. Here we propose a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA)-based scoring method with a greedy search for identifying differentially expressed PPI subnetworks. Results Given the MANOVA-based scoring method, we performed a greedy search to identify the subnetworks with the maximum scores in the PPI network. Our approach was successfully applied to human microarray datasets. Each identified subnetwork was annotated with the Gene Ontology (GO) term, resulting in the phenotype-related functional pathway or complex. We also compared these results with those of other scoring methods such as t statistic- and mutual information-based scoring methods. The MANOVA-based method produced subnetworks with a larger number of proteins than the other methods. Furthermore, the subnetworks identified by the MANOVA-based method tended to consist of highly correlated proteins. Conclusion This article proposes a MANOVA-based scoring method to combine PPI data with expression data using a greedy search. This method is recommended for the highly sensitive detection of large subnetworks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taeyoung Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kim S, Bae H, Oh D, Kim K, Kang S, Cheong K, Hwang T. Effect of Intrafractional Organ Motion on Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy Dose Distribution for Lung Cancer: A Quantitative Analysis using Free-form Deformable Registration. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.1850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|