1
|
Pan W, Zhuang W, Chong Y, Qin M, Li Y, Xiao J, Wang Q, Zhang S, Zhao S, Zhao P. Noninvasive real-time detection of cerebral blood perfusion in hemorrhagic shock rabbits based on whole-brain magnetic induction phase shift: an experimental study. Physiol Meas 2020; 41:095004. [PMID: 32759483 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/abad12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to perform experiments to investigate the change trend in brain magnetic induction phase shift (MIPS) during hemorrhagic shock of different degrees of severity and to find the correlation between brain MIPS value and commonly used physiological indicators for detecting shock so as to explore a noninvasive method suitable for prehospital real-time detection of cerebral blood perfusion in hemorrhagic shock. APPROACH The self-developed MIPS detection system was used to monitor the brain MIPS value in the whole process of hemorrhagic shock models of rabbits with different degrees of severity (control, mild, moderate, and severe) of shock in real time. Meanwhile, common physiological parameters, including arterial blood lactate (ABL), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR),core body temperature (CBT), regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), and electroencephalogram (EEG), were also evaluated. MAIN RESULTS The findings suggested that the brain MIPS value showed a downward trend in the shock process, and the decline degree of the MIPS value positively correlated with the severity of shock. Moreover, it showed a good detection and resolution ability in time/process and severity (P < 0.05). The MIPS values significantly correlated with ABL (P < 0.01), CBT (P < 0.01), and EEG (P < 0.05) at all four shock levels; with MAP (P < 0.05) and rCBF (P < 0.05) in the control, moderate, and severe groups; and with HR (P < 0.01) only in the severe group. SIGNIFICANCE The results demonstrated that the brain MIPS value has the capability of detecting hemorrhagic shock. The MIPS technique is a noninvasive method suitable for prehospital real-time detection of cerebral blood perfusion in hemorrhagic shock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wencai Pan
- Department of Medical Engineering, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, People's Republic of China. These authors contributed equally to this work
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee K, Kim H, Ryu J, Kim Y, Park S, Kim D, Kim Y, Choi S, Lee G, Jeong Y, Yun J, Chong Y. P1.14-45 Surgical Outcome of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Clinical Single Zone N2 in Aortopulmonary Zone (LN#5 and LN#6). J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
3
|
Lee K, Kim H, Park S, Kim D, Kim Y, Choi S, Lee G, Jeong Y, Yun J, Chong Y. MA01.05 Progress of Accompanying GGN Beyond Pulmonary Resection for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
4
|
Chong Y, Yun J, Jeong Y, Lee G, Choi S, Kim H, Kim Y, Park S, Kim D. P2.17-09 Preoperative Risk Factors of Potential Failure for Lobe-Specific Nodal Dissection in Clinical Early Stage (I-IIA) Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
5
|
Yun J, Lee G, Chong Y, Jeong Y, Choi S, Kim H, Kim Y, Kim D, Park S. MA02.10 Different Prognostic Impact of Lymphovascular Invasion Between Lobectomy and Sublobar Resection in Stage IA Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Propensity Score–Matched Analysis. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
6
|
Xue H, Chong Y, Jiang ZD, Liu ZL, Ding L, Yang SL, Wang L, Xiang WP. [Etiological analysis on patients with vertigo or dizziness]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:1227-1230. [PMID: 29747309 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.16.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the spectrum of causes for patients with vertigo or dizziness in the Department of Neurology, and provide a reference for diagnosis and treatment of patients with vertigo or dizziness. Methods: Clinical data of patients in the Department of Neurology, Baotou Central Hospital between January 2016 and September 2017 was retrospectively analyzed. The target group under study was diagnosed based on the uniform diagnostic criteria. Results: A total of 9 200 patients with a chief complaint of vertigo or dizziness were included. The ratio of male to female was 1∶1.8, with an age range of 19 to 85 years. The different etiology was as follows: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) (3 148 cases, 34.22%), persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) (2 006 cases, 21.80%), vertigo caused by cerebrovascular diseases (1 463 cases, 15.90%), vestibular neuritis (741 cases, 8.05%), vestibular migraine (536 cases, 5.83%), vestibular paroxysmia (336 cases, 3.65%), Ménière disease (187 cases, 2.03%), drug-induced vertigo (96 cases, 1.04%), neurological degenerative diseases (74 cases, 0.80%), sudden sensorineural hearing loss (51 cases, 0.55%), multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica (21 cases, 0.23%), other reasons (22 cases, 0.24%), unknown reasons (519 cases, 5.64%). Conclusions: Dizziness is resulted from various causes, and BPPV is the most common reason. Vertigo caused by cerebrovascular diseases appears to gradually increase along with age. PPPD is very common in clinical practice, so clinicians needs to be highly aware of BPPV and PPPD. Although those dizziness diseases have a low incidence, they should not be ignored. There are still certain proportion of vertigo patients whose diagnosis are undetermined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Xue
- Department of Neurology, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou 014040, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li M, Zhao P, Xiao J, Qiao L, Pan W, Wang S, Chong Y. [The research on cardiac volume-time relationship based on retrospective electrocardiograph four-dimension computer tomography data collection and structured sparse algorithm]. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 2018; 35:219-228. [PMID: 29745527 DOI: 10.7507/1001-5515.201710042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This paper explores the relationship between the cardiac volume and time, which is applied to control dynamic heart phantom. We selected 50 patients to collect their cardiac computed tomography angiography (CTA) images, which have 20 points in time series CTA images using retrospective electrocardiograph gating, and measure the volume of four chamber in 20-time points with cardiac function analysis software. Then we grouped patients by gender, age, weight, height, heartbeat, and utilize repeated measurement design to conduct statistical analyses. We proposed structured sparse learning to estimate the mathematic expression of cardiac volume variation. The research indicates that all patients' groups are statistically significant in time factor ( P = 0.000); there are interactive effects between time and gender groups in left ventricle ( F = 8.597, P = 0.006) while no interactive effects in other chambers with the remaining groups; and the different weight groups' volume is statistically significant in right ventricle ( F = 9.004, P = 0.005) while no statistical significance in other chambers with remaining groups. The accuracy of cardiac volume and time relationship utilizing structured sparse learning is close to the least square method, but the former's expression is more concise and more robust. The number of nonzero basic function of the structured sparse model is just 2.2 percent of that of least square model. Hence, the work provides more the accurate and concise expression of the cardiac for cardiac motion simulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Department of Medical Engineering, The Second Affiliate Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R.China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Medical Engineering, The Second Affiliate Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R.China
| | - Jingjing Xiao
- Department of Medical Engineering, The Second Affiliate Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R.China
| | - Linbo Qiao
- College of Computer Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, P.R.China
| | - Wencai Pan
- Department of Medical Engineering, The Second Affiliate Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R.China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliate Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, P.R.China
| | - Yinbao Chong
- Department of Medical Engineering, The Second Affiliate Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mak CM, Lam C, Siu W, Law C, Chan W, Lee HC, Chong Y, Chen SR, Ching C, Wong C, Lee M, Chow K, Lee K, Chan W, Chan K, Lee SY, Chan YW. OPathPaed service model for expanded newborn screening in Hong Kong SAR, China. Br J Biomed Sci 2018; 70:84-8. [DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2013.11978266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. M. Mak
- Chemical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital
| | - C. Lam
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - W. Siu
- Chemical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital
| | - C. Law
- Chemical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital
| | - W. Chan
- Chemical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital
| | - H. C. Lee
- Chemical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital
| | - Y. Chong
- Chemical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital
| | - S. R. Chen
- Chemical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital
| | - C. Ching
- Chemical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital
| | - C. Wong
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Tuen Mun Hospital
| | - M. Lee
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Tuen Mun Hospital
| | - K. Chow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
| | - K. Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
| | - W. Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K. Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S. Y. Lee
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Tuen Mun Hospital
| | - Y. W. Chan
- Chemical Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Princess Margaret Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Song Y, Yoon YC, Chong Y, Seo SW, Choi YL, Sohn I, Kim MJ. Diagnostic performance of conventional MRI parameters and apparent diffusion coefficient values in differentiating between benign and malignant soft-tissue tumours. Clin Radiol 2017; 72:691.e1-691.e10. [PMID: 28274509 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the abilities of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in differentiating between benign and malignant soft-tissue tumours (STT). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 123 patients with STT who underwent 3 T MRI, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), were retrospectively analysed using variate conventional MRI parameters, ADCmean and ADCmin. RESULTS For the all-STT group, the correlation between the malignant STT conventional MRI parameters, except deep compartment involvement, compared to those of benign STT were statistically significant with univariate analysis. Maximum diameter of the tumour (p=0.001; odds ratio [OR], 8.97) and ADCmean (p=0.020; OR, 4.30) were independent factors with multivariate analysis. For the non-myxoid non-haemosiderin STT group, signal heterogeneity on axial T1-weighted imaging (T1WI; p=0.017), ADCmean, and ADCmin (p=0.001, p=0.001), showed significant differences with univariate analysis between malignancy and benignity. Signal heterogeneity in axial T1WI (p=0.025; OR, 12.64) and ADCmean (p=0.004; OR, 33.15) were independent factors with multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION ADC values as well as conventional MRI parameters were useful in differentiating between benign and malignant STT. The ADCmean was the most powerful diagnostic parameter in non-myxoid non-haemosiderin STT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Song
- Department of Radiology, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y C Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Y Chong
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Seo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-L Choi
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - I Sohn
- Department of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M-J Kim
- Biostatistics Team, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pinto S, Chong Y, García R, Almeida A, Perea MV, Ladera V. Gestural praxis in young adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities. J Intellect Disabil Res 2016; 60:523-536. [PMID: 26936684 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Praxis functioning in the population with intellectual disabilities (ID) has been poorly studied. The goal of this research was to look for a starting point to study the praxic functioning in young adults with mild to moderate ID. METHOD Thirty young adults with ID and 30 young adults without ID, between the ages of 18 and 35 years, participated in this study. All participants completed tests that assessed gestural praxis. RESULTS It was possible to observe similar praxis behaviour in the group with ID in almost all domains studied, albeit showing statistical values lower than those of the group without ID. DISCUSSIONS Despite the high number of errors committed, the sample of participants with ID was able to reach the goal of praxic tasks performed; such errors may be associated with a deficit in the development of various brain functions and not only with praxis functioning, mainly related to a lower yield in terms of planning, monitoring and correcting intentional movement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Pinto
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, ISMAI - University Institute of Maia, Portugal
| | - Y Chong
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, ISMAI - University Institute of Maia, Portugal
| | - R García
- School of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - A Almeida
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, ISMAI - University Institute of Maia, Portugal
| | - M V Perea
- School of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - V Ladera
- School of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tham E, Broekman B, Goh D, Teoh O, Chong Y, Gluckman P, Godfrey K, Meaney M, Rifkin-Graboi A, Gooley J. Nocturnal wakefulness at 3 months predicts toddler cognitive, language and motor abilities. Sleep Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
12
|
Zhao P, Chong Y, Zhao A, Lang L, Wang Q, Liu J. A rapid infusion pump driven by micro electromagnetic linear actuation for pre-hospital intravenous fluid administration. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2015; 229:101-9. [PMID: 25628375 DOI: 10.1177/0954411914568692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A rapid infusion pump with a maximum flow rate of 6 L/h was designed experimentally using a micro electromagnetic linear actuator, and its effectiveness was evaluated by comparing with that of a commercial Power Infuser under preset flow rates of 0.2, 2, and 6 L/h. The flow rate, air detection sensitivity, occlusion response time, quantitative determination of hemolysis, and power consumption of the infusion devices were extensively investigated using statistical analysis methods (p < 0.05). The experimental results revealed that the flow rate of the designed infusion pump was more stable and accurate, and the hemolysis was significantly less than that of the Power Infuser. The air detection sensitivity and the power consumption could be comparable to that of the Power Infuser except the occlusion response time. The favorable performance made the designed infusion pump a potential candidate for applications in pre-hospital fluid administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Department of Medical Engineering, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yinbao Chong
- Department of Medical Engineering, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - An Zhao
- Department of Medical Engineering, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lang Lang
- Department of Medical Engineering, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Medical Engineering, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiuling Liu
- Department of Medical Engineering, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nakar C, Manco-Johnson MJ, Lail A, Donfield S, Maahs J, Chong Y, Blades T, Shapiro A. Prompt immune tolerance induction at inhibitor diagnosis regardless of titre may increase overall success in haemophilia A complicated by inhibitors: experience of two US centres. Haemophilia 2015; 21:365-373. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Nakar
- The Indiana Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center (IHTC); Indianapolis IN USA
| | - M. J. Manco-Johnson
- The University of Colorado Hemophilia & Thrombosis Center (UCHTC); Aurora CO USA
| | - A. Lail
- Rho, Inc.; Chapel Hill NC USA
| | | | - J. Maahs
- The Indiana Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center (IHTC); Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Y. Chong
- The Indiana Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center (IHTC); Indianapolis IN USA
| | - T. Blades
- The University of Colorado Hemophilia & Thrombosis Center (UCHTC); Aurora CO USA
| | - A. Shapiro
- The Indiana Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center (IHTC); Indianapolis IN USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chong Y, Shin J, Ko E, Han BK. Ultrasonographic elastography of thyroid nodules: Is adding strain ratio to colour mapping better? Clin Radiol 2013; 68:1241-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2013.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
15
|
Yim JS, Lee Y, Kim M, Seo Y, Kim W, Yong D, Jeong S, Lee K, Chong Y. P71 Antimicrobial resistance patterns for clinical isolates of Bacteroides fragilis group organisms isolated in 2009–2012 at a Korean hospital. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(13)70316-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
16
|
Lee H, Bai I, Jeong S, Lee K, Chong Y. P70 Antimicrobial resistance of major nosocomial pathogens isolated from 22 Korean hospitals in 2011. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(13)70315-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
17
|
Abstract
The ability of penetration of the blood-brain barrier is one of the significant properties of a drug or drug-like compound for the central nervous system (CNS), which is commonly expressed by log BB (log BB = log (C (brain)/C (blood))). In this work, a dataset of 320 compounds with log BB values was split into a training set including 198 compounds and a test set including 122 compounds according to their structure properties by a Kohonen's self-organizing map (SOM). Each molecule was represented by global and shape descriptors, 2D autocorrelation descriptors and RDF descriptors calculated by ADRIANA.Code. Several quantitative models for prediction of log BB were built by a multilinear regression (MLR), a support vector machine (SVM) and an artificial neural network (ANN) analysis. The models show good prediction performance on the test set compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chong Y, Yakushiji H, Ito Y, Kamimura T. Clinical and molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in a long-term study from Japan. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2010; 30:83-7. [PMID: 20859753 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-010-1057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 08/28/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The detection rates of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria in Japan are very low (∼5%) compared with those obtained worldwide. Further, the current trend of these bacteria in Japan is not known, and few studies with longitudinal observations have been reported. To obtain epidemiologic data on ESBL-producing bacteria, their genotypic features, and their antibiotic resistance patterns in Japan, we analyzed bacterial isolates from hospitalized patients at our institution over the 7-year period from 2003 to 2009. Of 2,304 isolates, 202 (8.8%) were found to be ESBL producers, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Proteus mirabilis. The detection rates of the ESBL-producing isolates gradually increased and reached 17.1% and 10.5% for the E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains, respectively, in 2009. Genotyping analysis showed that ∼90% of the ESBL-producing isolates carried the CTX-M genotype, in which the CTX-M-9 group was predominant, although the CTX-M-2 group is considered to be the main genotype in Japan; further, many of the strains produced multiple β-lactamases. The detection rates of ESBL-producing bacteria may tend to be high within a limited region in Japan. A countrywide survey is required to understand the trend for ESBL-producing bacteria at the national level. In addition, our findings suggest that the genotypes of the detected ESBL producers are similar to those exhibiting a successful nosocomial spread worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Chong
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Hara-Sanshin Hospital, 1-8, Taihaku-cho Hakata-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chong Y, Liu J, Zhao A, Wang Q. [Development and research of animal experimental cabin with ATM/LP and low oxygen and high carbon dioxide]. Zhongguo Yi Liao Qi Xie Za Zhi 2010; 34:266-269. [PMID: 21033112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This paper developed an experimental animal cabin with ATM/LP and low oxygen and high carbon dioxide. It is based on the unitized design of modern transmission technology, industrial measurement modules and configuration software. The cabin successfully simulated an enclosed environment of low oxygen and high carbon dioxide at constant pressure, automatically measured and controlled the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide as well as temperature and humidity in the cabin for the first time. The system provided a technology platform for the equipment supporting clinical COPD study. The result is accurate, stable and reliable and can realize automatic measurement and control of cross. The clinical applications show that the cabin with accurate measurement and control is practical and reliable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinbao Chong
- Equipment Division of Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chong Y, Liu J, Zhao A, Wang Q. [Experimental study of animal cabin with ATM/LP and low oxygen and high carbon dioxide]. Zhongguo Yi Liao Qi Xie Za Zhi 2010; 34:102-104. [PMID: 20540291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the feasibility of the animal experimental cabin to copy the animal models with ATM/LP and low oxygen and high carbon dioxide environment. METHODS 60 SPF-class male SD rats were divided into two groups, 20 for normobaric hypoxia control experiments and the other 40 for hypobaric hypoxia control experiments. For each group, examine the pulmonary arterial pressure and carotid arterial pressure indicators of rats by using the multi-detector measurement of physiological, and observe the pulmonary vascular changes in the structure. RESULTS The ATM/LP and low oxygen and high carbon dioxide environment can promote the formation of pulmonary hypertension and accelerate changes in pulmonary vascular remodeling, promoting right ventricular hypertrophy. CONCLUSION Clinical applications showed that the animal experimental cabin was observing and controlling accurately, safe, reliable, and the results was reproducible. It can successfully copy the regular low-pressure hypoxia and hypercapnia environment pulmonary hypertension model, in order to study the physiological mechanism of a variety of circulation and respiratory diseases caused by oxygen-poor and provide an experimental technology platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinbao Chong
- Equipment Division of Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tapsall JW, Limnios EA, Abu Bakar HMH, Darussalam B, Ping YY, Buadromo EM, Kumar P, Singh S, Lo J, Bala M, Risbud A, Deguchi T, Tanaka M, Watanabe Y, Lee K, Chong Y, Noikaseumsy S, Phouthavane T, Sam IC, Tundev O, Lwin KM, Eh PH, Goarant C, Goursaud R, Bathgate T, Brokenshire M, Latorre L, Velemu E, Carlos C, Leano S, Telan EO, Goh SS, Koh ST, Ngan C, Tan AL, Mananwatte S, Piyanoot N, Lokpichat S, Sirivongranson P, Fakahau M, Sitanilei H, Hung LV. Surveillance of antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the WHO Western Pacific and South East Asian regions, 2007-2008. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 2010; 34:1-7. [PMID: 20521493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Long-term surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae has been conducted in the World Health Organization (WHO) Western Pacific Region (WPR) to optimise antibiotic treatment of gonococcal disease since 1992. In 2007 and 2008, this Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme (GASP) was enhanced by the inclusion of data from the South East Asian Region (SEAR) and recruitment of additional centres within the WPR. Approximately 17,450 N. gonorrhoeae were examined for their susceptibility to one or more antibiotics used for the treatment of gonorrhoea by external quality controlled methods in 24 reporting centres in 20 countries and/or jurisdictions. A high proportion of penicillin and/or quinolone resistance was again detected amongst isolates tested in North Asia and the WHO SEAR, but much lower rates of penicillin resistance and little quinolone resistance was present in most of the Pacific Island countries. The proportion of gonococci reported as 'resistant', 'less susceptible' or 'non-susceptible' gonococci to the third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic ceftriaxone lay in a wide range, but no major changes were evident in cephalosporin minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) patterns in 2007-2008. Altered cephalosporin susceptibility was associated with treatment failures following therapy with oral third-generation cephalosporins. There is a need for revision and clarification of some of the in vitro criteria that are currently used to categorise the clinical importance of gonococci with different ceftriaxone and oral cephalosporin MIC levels. The number of instances of spectinomycin resistance remained low. A high proportion of strains tested continued to exhibit a form of plasmid mediated high level resistance to tetracyclines. The continuing emergence and spread of antibiotic resistant gonococci in and from the WHO WPR and SEAR supports the need for gonococcal antimicrobial resistance surveillance programs such as GASP to be maintained and potentially expanded.
Collapse
|
22
|
Yeo E, Chong Y. UP-3.157: The First Singapore Experience with PercSys Accordion® Stone Management Device. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
23
|
Kim J, Lee C, Chong Y. Identification of potential influenza virus endonuclease inhibitors through virtual screening based on the 3D-QSAR model. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2009; 20:103-118. [PMID: 19343586 DOI: 10.1080/10629360902723962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Influenza endonucleases have appeared as an attractive target of antiviral therapy for influenza infection. With the purpose of designing a novel antiviral agent with enhanced biological activities against influenza endonuclease, a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships (3D-QSAR) model was generated based on 34 influenza endonuclease inhibitors. The comparative molecular similarity index analysis (CoMSIA) with a steric, electrostatic and hydrophobic (SEH) model showed the best correlative and predictive capability (q(2) = 0.763, r(2) = 0.969 and F = 174.785), which provided a pharmacophore composed of the electronegative moiety as well as the bulky hydrophobic group. The CoMSIA model was used as a pharmacophore query in the UNITY search of the ChemDiv compound library to give virtual active compounds. The 3D-QSAR model was then used to predict the activity of the selected compounds, which identified three compounds as the most likely inhibitor candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Kim H, Kim M, Kim CK, Yong D, Lee K, Chong Y, Park JW, Riley T. P517 Toxigenic status of Korean Clostridium difficile isolates. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)70360-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
26
|
Kim C, Ko E, Yum J, Yong D, Lee K, Chong Y. P1010 Increasing diversity of metallo-β-lactamases produced by Gram-negative bacilli at a Korean hospital in 2006. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)70851-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
27
|
Kim J, Chong Y. Docking and binding mode analysis of aryl diketoacids (ADK) at the active site of HCV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Molecular Simulation 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/08927020601007538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
28
|
Chong Y, Karat I, Chaudhry A, Virjee J, Jiang W, Banerjee D, Mokbel K, Sharma A. 226 ORAL The relationship between the insulin-like growth factor-1 system ad breast cancer behaviour. Eur J Surg Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0748-7983(06)70661-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
29
|
Lee K, Lim YS, Yong D, Yum JH, Chong Y. Evaluation of the Hodge test and the imipenem-EDTA double-disk synergy test for differentiating metallo-beta-lactamase-producing isolates of Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 41:4623-9. [PMID: 14532193 PMCID: PMC254300 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.41.10.4623-4629.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 345] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacilli with acquired metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) production have been increasingly reported in some countries, necessitating their detection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Hodge test and those of the imipenem (IPM)-EDTA, ceftazidime (CAZ)-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), and CAZ-sodium mercaptoacetic acid (SMA) double-disk synergy tests (DDSTs). The efficiencies of testing CAZ-resistant and IPM-nonsusceptible isolates were also compared. Strains used for the evaluation were known IMP-1 and VIM-2 MBL-producing isolates and consecutive and CAZ-nonsusceptible isolates of pseudomonads and acinetobacters. The performance of the Hodge test was improved by addition of zinc sulfate (140 microg/disk) to an IPM disk. In DDSTs, EDTA (ca. 1,900 microg) disks were better at detecting MBL-producing strains among pseudomonads, while MPA (3 microl) and SMA (3 mg) disks performed better for acinetobacters. EDTA (ca. 750 microg)-plus-SMA (ca. 2 mg) disks performed better than EDTA, MPA, or SMA disks with both organisms. CAZ-SMA DDSTs failed to detect 22 of 80 (28%) MBL-producing acinetobacters. In conclusion, use of an IPM disk and an EDTA (750 microg)-plus-SMA (2 mg) disk improves performance, and testing IPM-nonsusceptible isolates rather than CAZ-resistant isolates could reduce screening work. Further evaluation of the test is required for the detection of other types of MBL-producing gram-negative bacilli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, and BK21 Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-ku, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chong Y, Ikematsu H, Yamaji K, Nishimura M, Kashiwagi S, Hayashi J. Age-related accumulation of Ig V(H) gene somatic mutations in peripheral B cells from aged humans. Clin Exp Immunol 2003; 133:59-66. [PMID: 12823279 PMCID: PMC1808746 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2003.02185.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate age-related alterations in human humoral immunity, we analysed Ig heavy chain variable region genes expressed by peripheral B cells from young and aged individuals. Three hundred and twenty-seven cDNA sequences, 163 micro and 164 gamma transcripts with VH5 family genes, were analysed for somatic hypermutation and VHDJH recombinational features. Unmutated and mutated micro transcripts were interpreted as being from naive and memory IgM B cells, respectively. In young and aged individuals, the percentages of naive IgM among total micro transcripts were 39% and 42%, respectively. D and JH segment usage in naive IgM from aged individuals was similar to that from young individuals. The mutational frequencies of memory IgM were similar in young and aged individuals. gamma transcripts, which are regarded as being from memory IgG B cells, showed a significantly higher mutational frequency (7.6%) in aged than in young individuals (5.8%) (P < 0.01). These findings suggest that VHDJH recombinational diversity was preserved, but that the accumulation of somatic mutations in the IgG VH region was increased in aged humans. The accumulation of somatic mutations in IgG B cells during ageing may imply that an age-related alteration exists in the selection and/or maintenance of peripheral memory B cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Chong
- Department of General Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ariyama I, Chong Y, Murata M, Nabeshima S, Ikematsu H, Kashiwagi S, Hayashi J. The effectiveness of anti-retroviral drug therapy for HIV-1 is associated with HIV-1 proviral DNA levels and viral selection. J Int Med Res 2002; 30:289-300. [PMID: 12166346 DOI: 10.1177/147323000203000310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of combination anti-retroviral therapy regimens on HIV-1 proviral DNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was examined in 12 HIV-1-positive patients, using endpoint dilution polymerase chain reaction and serial cloning, and sequencing of the gag region of HIV-1. The major clone was defined as the most numerous of 10 analysed clones, and observation periods ranged from 8 months to 32 months (mean 19.7 +/- 10.2 months). In five patients (one with primary-stage HIV-1 infection) receiving three anti-retroviral drugs, HIV-1 RNA reduced to undetectable levels (i.e. < or = 100 copies/ml). HIV-1 proviral DNA and the number of major clones reduced in four of these patients. HIV-1 RNA levels reduced, but remained detectable, in five other patients. In the two remaining patients (both receiving two rather than three anti-retroviral drugs), HIV-1 RNA levels increased. These results suggest that the population of major clones may be affected when HIV-1 RNA levels reduce following combination regimens of anti-retroviral therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Ariyama
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kang JL, Lee HW, Lee HS, Pack IS, Chong Y, Castranova V, Koh Y. Genistein prevents nuclear factor-kappa B activation and acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164:2206-12. [PMID: 11751189 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.164.12.2104017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors have been proposed to reduce lung injury and lethal toxicity. The mechanisms responsible for the effects of PTK inhibitors remain obscure. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether genistein, a specific inhibitor of PTK, inhibits nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) activation during acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and, if so, to enumerate the effects of inhibition of NF-kappaB activation on LPS-induced proinflammatory gene products, such as cytokine-inducible neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), as well as neutrophil influx into the lungs. Intratracheal treatment of rats with LPS (6 mg/kg) resulted in increases in total protein and lactate dehydrogenase activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and activated DNA-binding activity of NF-kappaB in alveolar macrophages and lung tissue. A 2-h pretreatment with genistein (50 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) inhibited the LPS-induced changes in lung injury parameters and the induction of NF-kappaB activation. Furthermore, these inhibitory effects of genistein correlated with a depression of LPS-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation (approximately molecular masses of 46, 48, and 54 kD) and phosphorylation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in lung tissue. Genistein also substantially reduced the LPS-induced CINC production and MMP-9 activity and suppressed neutrophil recruitment. These results suggest that genistein attenuates LPS-induced acute lung responses through inhibition of NF-kappaB activation. In addition, NF-kappaB activation appears to be an important mechanism mediating LPS-induced CINC production and MMP-9 activity and resulting neutrophil recruitment associated with acute lung inflammation and injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Kang
- Department of Physiology and Microbiology, Division of Cell Biology, Ewha Medical Research Center, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chong Y, Ikematsu H, Ariyama I, Chijiwa K, Li W, Yamaji K, Kashiwagi S, Hayashi J. Evidence of B cell clonal expansion in HIV type 1-infected patients. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2001; 17:1507-15. [PMID: 11709095 DOI: 10.1089/08892220152644214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 infection results in a gradual decrease in CD4(+) T cell counts and progressive immune deficiency. Increased T cell turnover in HIV-1-infected patients, which can be interpreted as T cell clonal expansion, has been thought to be relevant to its pathogenesis. To investigate whether B cell clonal expansion also occurs in HIV-1-infected patients, we examined the expressed V(H)DJ(H) gene sequences of peripheral B cells in HIV-1-infected patients with hypergammaglobulinemia. Identical V(H)DJ(H) gene rearrangements with additional nucleotide differences in V(H) genes were analyzed as a marker of clonally related B cells. From healthy individuals and HIV-1-uninfected patients with hypergammaglobulinemia, clonally related B cells were detected in none of 10 (0%) and 2 of 10 (20%), respectively. No clonally related B cells were detected in any of the nine HIV-1-infected patients with detectable viral loads and normal Ig levels (0%). In contrast, from 9 of 14 HIV-1-infected patients with hypergammaglobulinemia (64%), clonally related B cells were detected. In addition, no HIV-1-infected patients who exhibited normal Ig levels after antiretroviral therapy had clonally related B cells. These findings suggest that B cell clonal expansion is present in HIV-1-infected patients with hypergammaglobulinemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Chong
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li W, Ikematsu H, Yamaji TK, Chong Y, Hayashi J, Kashiwagi S. Hepatitis B virus genomes of chronic hepatitis patients do not contain specific mutations related to acute exacerbation. Dig Dis Sci 2001; 46:2104-12. [PMID: 11680583 DOI: 10.1023/a:1011938209828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To determine the specific viral variants associated with acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis from hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, we analyzed the complete nucleotide sequences of the HBV genome in serial serum samples from two chronic active hepatitis patients who seroconverted from HBeAg to anti-HBe. HBV DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. A 1896 precore stop codon mutant (G to A at nt 1896) coexisting with the wild sequence was found in both patients prior to seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe. Core promoter mutations at nucleotide positions 1762 (A to T) and 1764 (G to A) were found in both patients throughout the observation period. Mutations were observed in the HBV genome of the two patients at different time points, and there was no correlation between the mutations and liver disease or DNA polymerase levels. The nucleotide divergence rate and the composition of quasispecies in the HBV sequence at the time of acute exacerbation were almost the same as were found at other time points. These results suggest that acute exacerbation does not appear to be caused by a characteristic HBV species. The multiple factors that cause generalized HBV replication activation may contribute to acute exacerbation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Li
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lee K, Lim JK, Yong D, Yum J, Chong Y, Okamoto R, Inoue M. Evaluation of efficiency of screening extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in hospitals where the bacteria are increasingly prevalent. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:3696-9. [PMID: 11574594 PMCID: PMC88410 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.39.10.3696-3699.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The disk screening methods for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strains were evaluated. The confirmatory work is reduced significantly in settings such as those in this study, by changing the cefpodoxime breakpoint to < or =20 mm and by not testing cefoxitin-resistant isolates. Cefotaxime and ceftazidime disk screening is reliable, and the laboratory-prepared cefotaxime- and ceftazidime-clavulanic acid disks are stable at -20 degrees C for 12 weeks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Lee
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, and BK21 Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Jeong SH, Kim WM, Chang CL, Kim JM, Lee K, Chong Y, Hwang HY, Baek YW, Chung HK, Woo IG, Ku JY. Neonatal intensive care unit outbreak caused by a strain of Klebsiella oxytoca resistant to aztreonam due to overproduction of chromosomal beta-lactamase. J Hosp Infect 2001; 48:281-8. [PMID: 11461129 DOI: 10.1053/jhin.2001.1018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella oxytoca strains resistant to both aztreonam and ceftriaxone were isolated from six neonates in a neonatal intensive care unit and water reservoirs of two humidifiers attached to the neonatal incubators. These isolates were assumed to be of the same clone because they were characterized by the same antimicrobial susceptibility and pulsed field gel electrophoresis patterns. It was established that the drug resistance was attributed to overproduction of chromosomally encoded Kl beta-lactamase. It was determined that an isolate (K. oxytoca H1) contained a high enzyme concentration (27microg/100microg of protein in enzyme extracts), at least 27 times higher than the control K. oxytoca N1. It was also demonstrated that isolates had a point mutation in the - 35 concensus region of the promotor gene of bla(OXY-2)leading to enzyme overproduction. Outbreaks caused by K1 hyperproducers have not previously been described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S H Jeong
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Pusan, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Chong Y, Ikematsu H, Yamamoto M, Chijiwa K, Ariyama I, Li W, Hayashi J, Shirai T, Kashiwagi S. [Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on hypergammaglobulinemia in HIV infected patients]. Kansenshogaku Zasshi 2001; 75:535-40. [PMID: 11521275 DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.75.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of hypergammaglobulinemia in HIV infected patients, the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on the hypergammaglobulinemia was analyzed. Involved in this study were 34 untreated, 21 HAART-effective (complete response) and 14 HAART-non-effective (partial response) patients. Serum levels of HIV-RNA and gammaglobulin and immunoglobulin (Ig) isotypes were measured. Mean HIV-RNA levels of untreated and partial response patients were 1.6 x 10(4) copies/ml and 0.4 x 10(4) copies/ml, respectively. HIV-RNA levels of all complete response patients were below 4.0 x 10(2) copies/ml. Mean gammaglobulin percentages of untreated, partial response and complete response patients were 24.4%, 21.8% and 17.9%, respectively (p < 0.01 in untreated vs complete response patients). Mean IgG levels in the three groups were 2,489 mg/dl, 1,947 mg/dl and 1,618 mg/dl, respectively (p < 0.001 in untreated vs complete response patients). IgA levels were high in some untreated patients and lower in complete response patients. IgE levels were increased in some untreated and partial response patients, but there was no significant difference among the three groups. These results suggested that the hypergammaglobulinemia found in HIV infected patients was associated with HIV replication. The activation mechanism might differ by Ig isotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Chong
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Internal Medicine, Medicine and Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lee K, Lee HS, Jang SJ, Park AJ, Lee MH, Song WK, Chong Y. Antimicrobial resistance surveillance of bacteria in 1999 in Korea with a special reference to resistance of enterococci to vancomycin and gram-negative bacilli to third generation cephalosporin, imipenem, and fluoroquinolone. J Korean Med Sci 2001; 16:262-70. [PMID: 11447969 PMCID: PMC3054736 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2001.16.3.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The trend of antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from patients in 30 Korean hospitals in 1999 was analyzed with a particular attention to cefotaxime- or fluoroquinolone-resistant gram-negative bacilli, imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Adequacy of susceptibility testing, and any change in the frequencies of isolated species were also analyzed. The results showed that only 20% and 30% of hospitals tested the piperacillin-tazobactam and cefoxitin susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae, respectively, only 24% of hospitals the piperacillin-tazobactam susceptibility of P. aeruginosa, and 17% of hospitals the fusidic acid susceptibility of staphylococci. Among the isolates 26.3% were glucose-nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli, and 34.7% of Enterococcus were Enterococcus faecium. Slight decline of cefotaxime-resistance rate to 20% was noted in Klebsiella pneumoniae, while fluoroquinolone-resistance rate was 68% in Acinetobacter baumannii. The ceftazidime- and imipenem-resistance rates were 17% and 18%, respectively in P. aeruginosa. The vancomycin-resistance rate of E. faecium rose significantly to 15.1%, but the rates varied significantly depending on hospitals suggesting presence of different degree of selective pressure or nosocomial spread. In conclusion, the prevalence of imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa and the increase of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium were the particularly worrisome phenomena observed in this study.
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Carbocyclic L-2'deoxynucleosides 17 were synthesized on solid phase in four steps from the appropriately protected intermedate 11. The Mitsunobu reaction was used as a condensation method between the carbocyclic moiety and heterocyclic bases. The regioselectivity of the carbocyclic nucleosides was compared between the solid and solution phase syntheses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Choo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2352, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yu CJ, Wang H, Wan Y, Yowanto H, Kim JC, Donilon LH, Tao C, Strong M, Chong Y. 2'-Ribose-ferrocene oligonucleotides for electronic detection of nucleic acids. J Org Chem 2001; 66:2937-42. [PMID: 11325257 DOI: 10.1021/jo001283g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized two novel phosphoramidites with a ferrocenyl moiety at the 2'-ribose position linked through a butoxy linker. Using automated DNA/RNA synthesis techniques, oligonucleotides containing ferrocene at various positions were prepared and characterized by HPLC, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and electrochemistry. Thermal stability studies of the ferrocene-modified DNA duplexes revealed that introduction of one or two ferrocenyl complexes does not result in an observed change of the T(m) values of the corresponding DNA duplexes when compared to the nonmodified hybrids. These data indicate that the introduction of a ferrocenyl group at the 2'-position of the ribose ring containing either a purine or pyrimidine base has no effect on the stability of the modified DNA. The electrochemical behavior of the ferrocene-containing DNA was examined by cyclic voltammetry. The modified 2'-ferrocene-oligonucleotides are electrochemically active and can be used as signaling probes for the electronic detection of nucleic acids on bioelectronic sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C J Yu
- Clinical Micro Sensors, Motorola Inc., 757 S. Raymond Ave, Pasadena, California 91105, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Liebowitz LD, Ashbee HR, Evans EG, Chong Y, Mallatova N, Zaidi M, Gibbs D. A two year global evaluation of the susceptibility of Candida species to fluconazole by disk diffusion. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2001; 40:27-33. [PMID: 11448560 DOI: 10.1016/s0732-8893(01)00243-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The in-vitro activity of fluconazole against 46,831 yeast isolates collected over a two-year period from 57 laboratories in 33 countries worldwide was assessed using a disc diffusion method. Candida albicans was the organism isolated most frequently, accounting for 68.6% of the total number of isolates. C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C parapsilosis and C. krusei and Cryptococcus neoformans represented 9.9, 4.7, 4.3, 1.9, and 1.4% of isolates respectively during the 2 year period and rates varied markedly between countries. In 1999 data blood isolates represented 4.9% of all isolates and intensive care unit isolates represented 9.9%. In both the 1998 and 1999 data, 99% of C. albicans were fully susceptible (S) to fluconazole, and 95.6% of all species of yeasts tested were S or susceptible-dose dependent (S-DD) to fluconazole. No emerging trends of resistance were noted with any of the Candida spp. tested as 96% of all isolates retained susceptibility (S or S-DD) to this agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L D Liebowitz
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of the Witwatersrand and SAIMR, P.O. Box 1038, 2000, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lee K, Chong Y, Chu CK. Understanding the mode of action of L-nucleosides as antiviral agents: a molecular modeling approach. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2001; 20:385-8. [PMID: 11563052 DOI: 10.1081/ncn-100002311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Computer modeling studies have been performed on the several pairs of D- and L-nucleoside inhibitors with the HIV-1 RT model. Additionally, clinically important M184V mutation, which confers the viral resistance against 3TC and FTC, were studied by the same modeling system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lee K, Chong Y, Shin HB, Kim YA, Yong D, Yum JH. Modified Hodge and EDTA-disk synergy tests to screen metallo-beta-lactamase-producing strains of Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter species. Clin Microbiol Infect 2001; 7:88-91. [PMID: 11298149 DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-0691.2001.00204.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Lee
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, C.P.O. Box 8044, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Resistance of bacteria to antimicrobial agents is a worldwide concern. In Korea, resistant bacteria are more prevalent than in other industrialized countries. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes, penicillin non-susceptible pneumococci, beta-lactamase-producing gonococci, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, class C beta-lactamase-producing E. coli, fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli, and aminoglycoside-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are examples of resistant bacteria prevalent in Korea, and their presence suggests a high level of antimicrobial selective pressure and the nosocomial spread of resistant bacteria. Recently observed rapid increases in the incidence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium and carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa present new threats in Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Chong
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, C.P.O. Box 8044, Seoul, Korea.
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Umek RM, Lin SS, Chen Yp Y, Irvine B, Paulluconi G, Chan V, Chong Y, Cheung L, Vielmetter J, Farkas DH. Bioelectronic detection of point mutations using discrimination of the H63D polymorphism of the Hfe gene as a model. Mol Diagn 2000; 5:321-8. [PMID: 11172496 DOI: 10.1007/bf03262093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A bioelectronic detection platform has recently been developed that facilitates the detection and characterization of nucleic acids. The DNA chip platform is compatible with homogeneous assays because separate labeling and wash steps are not required. A one-step, bioelectronic detection assay was developed to genotype patient samples with respect to the H63D polymorphism of the Hfe gene, associated with hereditary hemochromatosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Electrode arrays were modified with DNA capture probes that were perfectly matched to the wild-type or mutant allele of H63D. Amplicons containing the polymorphic site were hybridized with the capture probes on the electrode arrays in the presence of electronically labeled reporter (signaling) probes. Voltammetric analysis of the electrode arrays was conducted first at ambient temperature and then at elevated temperature. The electronic signal was preferentially diminished at elevated temperature from electrodes that hybridized with mismatched target amplicons. CONCLUSION An assay for bioelectronic genotyping of the H63D polymorphism was developed and used with six patient specimens to show the feasibility of this system as a model for point mutation detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R M Umek
- Clinical Micro Sensors Division of Motorola, Inc, 757 South Raymond Ave., Pasadena, CA 91105, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Affiliation(s)
- Y Chong
- National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Chong Y, Unklesbay N, Dowdy R. Clinical nutrition and foodservice personnel in teaching hospitals have different perceptions of total quality management performance. J Am Diet Assoc 2000; 100:1044-9. [PMID: 11019352 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-8223(00)00305-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the perceived total quality management (TQM) performance of their department by clinical nutrition managers and dietitians, and foodservice managers and supervisors, in hospital food and nutrition service departments. DESIGN Using a 2-part questionnaire containing items about 3 constructs of TQM performance and demographic characteristics, participants rated their perceptions of TQM performance. SUBJECTS Employees in 7 Council of Teaching Hospitals. Of the 128 possible respondents, 73 (57%) completed the study. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Correlation analysis to identify relationships between demographic characteristics and TQM performance. Analysis of variance to investigate statistical differences among hospitals and between subject groups and types of employment positions. RESULTS Three TQM constructs--organization, information, and quality management--were evaluated. The clinical nutrition manager and dietitian group had mean ratings between 3.1 and 4.7 (5-point Likert scale); the foodservice manager and supervisor group had mean ratings from 2.7 to 4.0. Education level was significantly correlated (r = 0.44) to performance of employee training in the clinical nutrition group. The number of employees directly supervised was negatively correlated (r = -0.21) to the performance of employee training in the foodservice group. APPLICATIONS As the dynamic roles of dietitians change, many dietitians will occupy management positions in organizations such as restaurants, health food stores, food processing/distribution companies, and schools. This study demonstrates how a TQM survey instrument could be applied to clinical nutrition and foodservice settings. Dietitians will need to assess TQM in their workplace facilities, especially because of the direct links of TQM to productivity and client satisfaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Chong
- Food Science Department, University of Missouri-Columbia 65211, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Tumor cytogenetic analysis from 27 patients with breast cancer diagnosed at the Singapore General Hospital revealed complex karyotypic aberrations in 12 cases. The study group comprised 25 women and 2 men, ranging in age from 33 to 78 years (median 52 years). Ethnic distribution consisted of 22 Chinese, 3 Malaysian, and 2 Indian patients. Pathologic assessment disclosed 24 invasive ductal, 2 invasive mucinous, and 1 mixed invasive mucinous and ductal carcinomas. Histologic grading showed 3 grade 1, 10 grade 2, and 12 grade 3 tumors; 2 cancers were not graded, because they had been subjected to prior chemotherapy. Tumor sizes ranged from 1.5 to 10 cm (median 3 cm). Eleven cases were axillary node negative, whereas the remaining 16 node-positive cancers affected as many as 3 nodes in 8 cases and 4 or more nodes in another 8. Twenty cases demonstrated estrogen-receptor positivity, and 8 cases progesterone-receptor positivity. The spectrum of cytogenetic abnormalities involved chromosomes 1, 3, 6, 7, 8, 11, 16, and 17 and ranged from gains and deletions of both long and short arms, trisomy, monosomy, and other rearrangements. There was a trend toward the presence of karyotypic abnormalities in tumors of higher grade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P H Tan
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Three Japanese outpatients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection on anti-retroviral therapy showed evidence of influenza in January 1999. CD4+ T cell counts of these patients prior to the diagnosis of influenza were 72, 248, and 152/mm3, and HIV RNA levels were 19,953, 1,259, and 1,585 copies/ml, respectively. Fever continued 4 to 5 days with no severe complications. One patient showed post-influenzal bronchitis which was effectively treated by antibiotics. None of these patients showed increased serum HIV RNA levels during and after influenza, however, in one patient, a transient reduction of CD4+ and CD8+ cells was seen during the active phase of influenza. Although symptoms of influenza in HIV carriers are generally mild and similar to those in healthy adults, careful follow-up is needed as symptoms of influenza in some HIV-infected patients can be prolonged and serious.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Nabeshima
- Department of General Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wang Y, Chong Y. [The development of electronic cold and heart therapeutical instrument]. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 2000; 17:247-8. [PMID: 12557793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
This paper introduces a kind of the rapeutical instrument with ecletctronic cold and heat. It make use of the technology of semiconductor refrigeratio. It have many probe. It apply to different focus treatment. The instrument have achieved cold and heat treatment and accurate temperature mesure and control for human body tissue trauma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Xinan Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038
| | | |
Collapse
|