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Choi S, Kim B, Kim S, Lee Y, Shin Y, Oh J, Bhatia SK, Seo SO, Park SH, Park K, Yang YH. Establishment of efficient 5-hydroxyvaleric acid production system by regenerating alpha-ketoglutaric acid and its application in poly(5-hydroxyvaleric acid) production. J Biotechnol 2024; 387:12-22. [PMID: 38522773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
5-hydroxyvaleric acid (5-HV) is a versatile C5 intermediate of bio-based high-value chemical synthesis pathways. However, 5-HV production faces a few shortcomings involving the supply of cofactors, especially α-ketoglutaric acid (α-KG). Herein, we established a two-cell biotransformation system by introducing L-glutamate oxidase (GOX) to regenerate α-KG. Additionally, the catalase KatE was adapted to inhibit α-KG degradation by the H2O2 produced during GOX reaction. We searched for the best combination of genes and vectors and optimized the biotransformation conditions to maximize GOX effectiveness. Under the optimized conditions, 5-HV pathway with GOX showed 1.60-fold higher productivity than that of without GOX, showing 11.3 g/L titer. Further, the two-cell system with GOX and KatE was expanded to produce poly(5-hydroxyvaleric acid) (P(5HV)), and it reached at 412 mg/L of P(5HV) production and 20.5% PHA contents when using the biotransformation supernatant. Thus, the two-cell biotransformation system with GOX can potentially give the practical and economic alternative of 5-HV production using bio-based methods. We also propose direct utilization of 5-HV from bioconversion for P(5HV) production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhye Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungchan Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suwon Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeda Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuni Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinok Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Oh Seo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmoon Park
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Oh SJ, Kim S, Lee Y, Shin Y, Choi S, Oh J, Bhatia SK, Joo JC, Yang YH. Controlled production of a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) tetramer containing different mole fraction of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), 3-hydroxyvalerate (3 HV), 4 HV and 5 HV units by engineered Cupriavidus necator. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131332. [PMID: 38574905 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are promising alternatives to existing petrochemical-based plastics because of their bio-degradable properties. However, the limited structural diversity of PHAs has hindered their application. In this study, high mole-fractions of Poly (39 mol% 3HB-co-17 mol% 3 HV-co-44 mol% 4 HV) and Poly (25 mol% 3HB-co-75 mol% 5 HV) were produced from 4- hydroxyvaleric acid and 5-hydroxyvaleric acid, using Cupriavidus necator PHB-4 harboring the gene phaCBP-M-CPF4 with modified sequences. In addition, the complex toxicity of precursor mixtures was tested, and it was confirmed that the engineered C. necator was capable of synthesizing Poly (32 mol% 3HB-co-11 mol% 3 HV-co-25 mol% 4 HV-co-32 mol% 5 HV) at low mixture concentrations. Correlation analyses of the precursor ratio and the monomeric mole fractions indicated that each mole fractions could be precisely controlled using the precursor proportion. Physical property analysis confirmed that Poly (3HB-co-3 HV-co-4 HV) is a rubber-like amorphous polymer and Poly (3HB-co-5 HV) has a high tensile strength and elongation at break. Poly (3HB-co-3 HV-co-4 HV-co-5 HV) had a much lower glass transition temperature than the co-, terpolymers containing 3 HV, 4 HV and 5 HV. This study expands the range of possible physical properties of PHAs and contributes to the realization of custom PHA production by suggesting a method for producing PHAs with various physical properties through mole-fraction control of 3 HV, 4 HV and 5 HV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suwon Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeda Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuni Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhye Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinok Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Joo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Kyunggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim HJ, Ham S, Shin N, Hwang JH, Oh SJ, Choi TR, Joo JC, Bhatia SK, Yang YH. Tryptophan-Based Hyperproduction of Bioindigo by Combinatorial Overexpression of Two Different Tryptophan Transporters. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:969-977. [PMID: 38213292 PMCID: PMC11091664 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2308.08039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Indigo is a valuable, natural blue dye that has been used for centuries in the textile industry. The large-scale commercial production of indigo relies on its extraction from plants and chemical synthesis. Studies are being conducted to develop methods for environment-friendly and sustainable production of indigo using genetically engineered microbes. Here, to enhance the yield of bioindigo from an E. coli whole-cell system containing tryptophanase (TnaA) and flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO), we evaluated tryptophan transporters to improve the transport of aromatic compounds, such as indole and tryptophan, which are not easily soluble and passable through cell walls. Among the three transporters, Mtr, AroP, and TnaB, AroP enhanced indigo production the most. The combination of each transporter with AroP was also evaluated, and the combination of AroP and TnaB showed the best performance compared to the single transporters and two transporters. Bioindigo production was then optimized by examining the culture medium, temperature, isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside concentration, shaking speed (rpm), and pH. The novel strain containing aroP and tnaB plasmid with tnaA and FMO produced 8.77 mM (2.3 g/l) of bioindigo after 66 h of culture. The produced bioindigo was further recovered using a simple method and used as a watercolor dye, showing good mixing with other colors and color retention for a relatively long time. This study presents an effective strategy for enhancing indigo production using a combination of transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sion Ham
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Rim Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Joo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Bhatia SK, Patel AK, Yang YH. The green revolution of food waste upcycling to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates. Trends Biotechnol 2024:S0167-7799(24)00066-0. [PMID: 38582658 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
This review emphasizes the urgent need for food waste upcycling as a response to the mounting global food waste crisis. Focusing on polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as an alternative to traditional plastics, it examines the potential of various food wastes as feedstock for microbial fermentation and PHA production. The upcycling of food waste including cheese whey, waste cooking oil, coffee waste, and animal fat is an innovative practice for food waste management. This approach not only mitigates environmental impacts but also contributes to sustainable development and economic growth. Downstream processing techniques for PHAs are discussed, highlighting their role in obtaining high-quality materials. The study also addresses sustainability considerations, emphasizing biodegradability and recycling, while acknowledging the challenges associated with this path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Cho DH, Kim S, Lee Y, Shin Y, Choi S, Oh J, Kim HT, Park SH, Park K, Bhatia SK, Yang YH. Enhanced theanine production with reduced ATP supply by alginate entrapped Escherichia coli co-expressing γ-glutamylmethylamide synthetase and polyphosphate kinase. Enzyme Microb Technol 2024; 175:110394. [PMID: 38277867 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2024.110394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
L-theanine is an amino acid with a unique flavor and many therapeutic effects. Its enzymatic synthesis has been actively studied and γ-Glutamylmethylamide synthetase (GMAS) is one of the promising enzymes in the biological synthesis of theanine. However, the theanine biosynthetic pathway with GMAS is highly ATP-dependent and the supply of external ATP was needed to achieve high concentration of theanine production. As a result, this study aimed to investigate polyphosphate kinase 2 (PPK2) as ATP regeneration system with hexametaphosphate. Furthermore, the alginate entrapment method was employed to immobilize whole cells containing both gmas and ppk2 together resulting in enhanced reusability of the theanine production system with reduced supply of ATP. After immobilization, theanine production was increased to 239 mM (41.6 g/L) with a conversion rate of 79.7% using 15 mM ATP and the reusability was enhanced, maintaining a 100% conversion rate up to the fifth cycles and 60% of conversion up to eighth cycles. It could increase long-term storage property for future uses up to 35 days with 75% activity of initial activity. Overall, immobilization of both production and cofactor regeneration system could increase the stability and reusability of theanine production system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hyun Cho
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suwon Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeda Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuni Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhye Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinok Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Taek Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmoon Park
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Oh SJ, Lee HJ, Hwang JH, Kim HJ, Shin N, Lee SH, Seo SO, Bhatia SK, Yang YH. Validating a Xylose Regulator to Increase Polyhydroxybutyrate Production for Utilizing Mixed Sugars from Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Escherichia coli. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:700-709. [PMID: 37919866 PMCID: PMC11016755 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2306.06006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production from lignocellulosic biomass is economically beneficial. Because lignocellulosic biomass is a mixture rich in glucose and xylose, Escherichia coli, which prefers glucose, needs to overcome glucose repression for efficient biosugar use. To avoid glucose repression, here, we overexpressed a xylose regulator (xylR) in an E. coli strain expressing bktB, phaB, and phaC from Cupriavidus necator and evaluated the effect of xylR on PHB production. XylR overexpression increased xylose consumption from 0% to 46.53% and produced 4.45-fold more PHB than the control strain without xylR in a 1% sugar mixture of glucose and xylose (1:1). When the xylR-overexpressed strain was applied to sugars from lignocellulosic biomass, cell growth and PHB production of the strain showed a 4.7-fold increase from the control strain, yielding 2.58 ± 0.02 g/l PHB and 4.43 ± 0.28 g/l dry cell weight in a 1% hydrolysate mixture. XylR overexpression increased the expression of xylose operon genes by up to 1.7-fold. Moreover, the effect of xylR was substantially different in various E. coli strains. Overall, the results showed the effect of xylR overexpression on PHB production in a non-native PHB producer and the possible application of xylR for xylose utilization in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Ju Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Oh Seo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Dong L, Zhou WD, Ju L, Zhao HQ, Yang YH, Shao L, Song KM, Wang L, Ma T, Wang YX, Wei WB. [Preliminary study on automatic quantification and grading of leopard spots fundus based on deep learning technology]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2024; 60:257-264. [PMID: 38462374 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20231210-00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To achieve automatic segmentation, quantification, and grading of different regions of leopard spots fundus (FT) using deep learning technology. The analysis includes exploring the correlation between novel quantitative indicators, leopard spot fundus grades, and various systemic and ocular parameters. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The data were sourced from the Beijing Eye Study, a population-based longitudinal study. In 2001, a group of individuals aged 40 and above were surveyed in five urban communities in Haidian District and three rural communities in Daxing District of Beijing. A follow-up was conducted in 2011. This study included individuals aged 50 and above who participated in the second 5-year follow-up in 2011, considering only the data from the right eye. Color fundus images centered on the macula of the right eye were input into the leopard spot segmentation model and macular detection network. Using the macular center as the origin, with inner circle diameters of 1 mm, 3 mm, and outer circle diameter of 6 mm, fine segmentation of the fundus was achieved. This allowed the calculation of the leopard spot density (FTD) and leopard spot grade for each region. Further analyses of the differences in ocular and systemic parameters among different regions' FTD and leopard spot grades were conducted. The participants were categorized into three refractive types based on equivalent spherical power (SE): myopia (SE<-0.25 D), emmetropia (-0.25 D≤SE≤0.25 D), and hyperopia (SE>0.25 D). Based on axial length, the participants were divided into groups with axial length<24 mm, 24-26 mm, and>26 mm for the analysis of different types of FTD. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test, Bonferroni test, and Spearman correlation analysis. Results: The study included 3 369 participants (3 369 eyes) with an average age of (63.9±10.6) years; among them, 1 886 were female (56.0%) and 1, 483 were male (64.0%). The overall FTD for all eyes was 0.060 (0.016, 0.163); inner circle FTD was 0.000 (0.000, 0.025); middle circle FTD was 0.030 (0.000, 0.130); outer circle FTD was 0.055 (0.009, 0.171). The results of the univariate analysis indicated that FTD in various regions was correlated with axial length (overall: r=0.38, P<0.001; inner circle: r=0.31, P<0.001; middle circle: r=0.36, P<0.001; outer circle: r=0.39, P<0.001), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) (overall: r=-0.69, P<0.001; inner circle: r=-0.57, P<0.001; middle circle: r=-0.68, P<0.001; outer circle: r=-0.72, P<0.001), age (overall: r=0.34, P<0.001; inner circle: r=0.30, P<0.001; middle circle: r=0.31, P<0.001; outer circle: r=0.35, P<0.001), gender (overall: r=-0.11, P<0.001; inner circle: r=-0.04, P<0.001; middle circle: r=-0.07, P<0.001; outer circle: r=-0.11, P<0.001), SE (overall: r=-0.20; P<0.001; inner circle: r=-0.19, P<0.001; middle circle: r=-0.20, P<0.001; outer circle: r=-0.20, P<0.001), uncorrected visual acuity (overall: r=-0.18, P<0.001; inner circle: r=-0.26, P<0.001; middle circle: r=-0.24, P<0.001; outer circle: r=-0.22, P<0.001), and body mass index (BMI) (overall: r=-0.11, P<0.001; inner circle: r=-0.13, P<0.001; middle circle: r=-0.14, P<0.001; outer circle: r=-0.13, P<0.001). Further multivariate analysis results indicated that different region FTD was correlated with axial length (overall: β=0.020, P<0.001; inner circle: β=-0.022, P<0.001; middle circle: β=0.027, P<0.001; outer circle: β=0.022, P<0.001), SFCT (overall: β=-0.001, P<0.001; inner circle: β=-0.001, P<0.001; middle circle: β=-0.001, P<0.001; outer circle: β=-0.001, P<0.001), and age (overall: β=0.002, P<0.001; inner circle: β=0.001, P<0.001; middle circle: β=0.002, P<0.001; outer circle: β=0.002, P<0.001). The distribution of overall (H=56.76, P<0.001), inner circle (H=72.22, P<0.001), middle circle (H=75.83, P<0.001), and outer circle (H=70.34, P<0.001) FTD differed significantly among different refractive types. The distribution of overall (H=373.15, P<0.001), inner circle (H=367.67, P<0.001), middle circle (H=389.14, P<0.001), and outer circle (H=386.89, P<0.001) FTD differed significantly among different axial length groups. Furthermore, comparing various levels of FTD with systemic and ocular parameters, significant differences were found in axial length (F=142.85, P<0.001) and SFCT (F=530.46, P<0.001). Conclusions: The use of deep learning technology enables automatic segmentation and quantification of different regions of theFT, as well as preliminary grading. Different region FTD is significantly correlated with axial length, SFCT, and age. Individuals with older age, myopia, and longer axial length tend to have higher FTD and more advanced FT grades.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dong
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - W D Zhou
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - L Ju
- Beijing Airdoc Technology Co, Ltd, Beijing 100029, China
| | - H Q Zhao
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y H Yang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - L Shao
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - K M Song
- Beijing Airdoc Technology Co, Ltd, Beijing 100029, China
| | - L Wang
- Beijing Airdoc Technology Co, Ltd, Beijing 100029, China
| | - T Ma
- Beijing Airdoc Technology Co, Ltd, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y X Wang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - W B Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Wei CB, He F, Tang JC, Yang YH, Deng XL, Liu FX. [Atypical extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma of sinonasal cranial base: a case report]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2024; 59:256-259. [PMID: 38561266 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20230811-00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- C B Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin 541001, China
| | - F He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin 541001, China
| | - J C Tang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin 541001, China
| | - Y H Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin 541001, China
| | - X L Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin 541001, China
| | - F X Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical College, Guilin 541001, China
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Hwang JH, Kim HJ, Kim S, Lee Y, Shin Y, Choi S, Oh J, Kim SH, Park JH, Bhatia SK, Kim YG, Jang KS, Yang YH. Positive effect of phasin in biohydrogen production of non polyhydroxybutyrate-producing Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. Bioresour Technol 2024; 395:130355. [PMID: 38272145 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the goal was to enhance the tolerance of Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 to biomass-based inhibitory compounds for biohydrogen production and evaluate various known genes that enhance the production of biochemicals in various hosts. The introduction of phaP, the major polyhydroxyalkanoate granule-associated protein that has been reported as a chaperone-like protein resulted in increased tolerance to inhibitors and leads to higher levels of hydrogen production, cell growth, and glucose consumption in the presence of these inhibitors. It was observed that the introduction of phaP led to an increase in the transcription of the hydrogenase gene, whereas transcription of the chaperone functional genes decreased compared to the wild type. Finally, the introduction of phaP could significantly enhance biohydrogen production by 2.6-fold from lignocellulosic hydrolysates compared to that of wild type. These findings suggested that the introduction of phaP could enhance growth and biohydrogen production, even in non-polyhydroxyalkanoate-producing strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suwon Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeda Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuni Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhye Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinok Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Park
- Clean Energy Transition Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; Convergence Manufacturing System Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Soon Jang
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Bhatia SK, Kumar G, Yang YH. Understanding microplastic pollution: Tracing the footprints and eco-friendly solutions. Sci Total Environ 2024; 914:169926. [PMID: 38199349 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) pollution has emerged as a critical environmental issue with far-reaching consequences for ecosystems and human health. These are plastic particles measuring <5 mm and are categorized as primary and secondary based on their origin. Primary MPs are used in various products like cosmetics, scrubs, body wash, and toothpaste, while secondary MPs are generated through the degradation of plastic products. These have been detected in seas, rivers, snow, indoor air, and seafood, posing potential risks to human health through the food chain. Detecting and quantifying MPs are essential to understand their distribution and abundance in the environment. Various microscopic (fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy) and spectroscopy techniques (FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) have been reported to analyse MPs. Despite the challenges in scalable removal methods, biological systems have emerged as promising options for eco-friendly MPs remediation. Algae, bacteria, and fungi have shown the potential to adsorb and degrade MPs in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) offering hope for mitigating this global crisis. This review examines the sources, impacts, detection, and biological removal of MPs, highlighting future directions in this crucial field of environmental conservation. By fostering global collaboration and innovative research a path towards a cleaner and healthier planet for future generations can be promised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Box 8600 Forus, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Shin N, Kim SH, Oh J, Kim S, Lee Y, Shin Y, Choi S, Bhatia SK, Kim YG, Yang YH. Reproducible Polybutylene Succinate (PBS)-Degrading Artificial Consortia by Introducing the Least Type of PBS-Degrading Strains. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:651. [PMID: 38475335 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Polybutylene succinate (PBS) stands out as a promising biodegradable polymer, drawing attention for its potential as an eco-friendly alternative to traditional plastics due to its biodegradability and reduced environmental impact. In this study, we aimed to enhance PBS degradation by examining artificial consortia composed of bacterial strains. Specifically, Terribacillus sp. JY49, Bacillus sp. JY35, and Bacillus sp. NR4 were assessed for their capabilities and synergistic effects in PBS degradation. When only two types of strains, Bacillus sp. JY35 and Bacillus sp. NR4, were co-cultured as a consortium, a notable increase in degradation activity toward PBS was observed compared to their activities alone. The consortium of Bacillus sp. JY35 and Bacillus sp. NR4 demonstrated a remarkable degradation yield of 76.5% in PBS after 10 days. The degradation of PBS by the consortium was validated and our findings underscore the potential for enhancing PBS degradation and the possibility of fast degradation by forming artificial consortia, leveraging the synergy between strains with limited PBS degradation activity. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that utilizing only two types of strains in the consortium facilitates easy control and provides reproducible results. This approach mitigates the risk of losing activity and reproducibility issues often associated with natural consortia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinok Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suwon Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeda Lee
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuni Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhye Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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12
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Wang W, Gong JN, Wang JF, Ding Y, Zhang YX, Liu JY, Yang YH. [Hemodynamic changes with serial balloon pulmonary angioplasty in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2024; 47:120-125. [PMID: 38309960 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20231016-00237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To monitor hemodynamic changes during serial balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Methods: General clinical data of CTEPH patients diagnosed from October 2017 to January 2022 in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital were collected, and 83 patients who underwent at least 1 BPA treatment were included to analyze their 6 min walking distance, WHO functional class, N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide precursor (NT-proBNP), troponin I (cTnI) and haemodynamic indices. Baseline and follow-up after the final BPA clinical data and hemodynamics, functional status and serial hemodynamics before each series of BPA were collected to evaluate the efficacy of BPA for CTEPH patients. Complications and managements were documented to confirm the safety of BPA for CTEPH patients. Results: Three hundred and forty BPA procedures were performed in 83 CTEPH patients. The median number of BPA procedures was 4.0 and a total of 2104 vessels were dilated. In general, mPAP [from 50.0(42.0-55.25) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) to 32.0(27.0-42.0) mmHg, P<0.001], PVR[from (806.6±323.2) dyn·s·cm-5 to 420.0(295.0-613.5) dyn·s·cm-5, P<0.001] were significantly improved compared with baseline, but not CO and CI. Functional parameters including WHO functional class Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ/Ⅳ (from 0/35/34/14 to 43/32/7/1, P<0.001), 6MWD [from 364.5(300.0-429.5)m to 461.0(409.0-501.0)m, P<0.001], NT-proBNP [from 1 357.0(232.0-2 715.0) ng/L to 141.0(57.0-627.8) ng/L,P<0.001] were significantly improved compared with baseline. A cumulative (compared to baseline) and serial (compared to preceding BPA session) analysis of the sequential BPA session confirmed that a major hemodynamic improvement in PVR and mPAP occurred in the first 3 serial BPA treatments. There was a dose-response relationship: the more segments that were treated, the greater were the subsequent reduction in PVR and mPAP. There were 32.0 complications (9.4%) associated with BPA procedures, and the most common complication was pulmonary hemorrhage caused by catheter-related vascular injury. Conclusions: BPA is an effective and safe alternative for technically non-operable CTEPH patients. The hemodynamic benefits of BPA in CTEPH patients were cumulative and correlated with the total number of vessels successfully dilated.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Respiratory and Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
| | - J N Gong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Respiratory and Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
| | - J F Wang
- Department of Interventional Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Y Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Respiratory and Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Y X Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Respiratory and Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
| | - J Y Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Respiratory and Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Y H Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Respiratory and Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
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13
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Tran MH, Choi TR, Yang YH, Lee OK, Lee EY. An efficient and eco-friendly approach for the sustainable recovery and properties characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoates produced by methanotrophs. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128687. [PMID: 38101655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biodegradable and bio-based polymers have emerged as sustainable alternatives to nonrenewable petroleum-derived polymers which cause serious environmental issues. In particular, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are promising biopolymers owing to their outstanding biodegradability and biocompatibility. The production of the homopolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and copolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) from type II methanotrophs via microbial fermentation was presented. For the efficient extraction and recovery of intracellular PHA from methanotrophs, different extraction approaches were investigated including solvent extraction using 1,3-dioxolane as a green solvent, integrated cell lysis and solvent extraction, and cell digestion without the use of organic solvents. Among various extraction approaches, the integrated method exhibited the highest extraction performance, with PHA recovery and purity exceeding 91 % and 93 %, respectively, even when the PHA content of the cells was low. Furthermore, the molecular weight, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of the recovered PHA were comprehensively analyzed to suggest its suitable practical applications. The obtained properties were comparable to that of the commercial PHA products and PHA produced from other microbial species, indicating an efficient recovery of high-quality PHA produced from methanotrophs.
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Affiliation(s)
- My Ha Tran
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Rim Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Kyung Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Kim SH, Shin N, Jeon JM, Yoon JJ, Joo JC, Kim HT, Bhatia SK, Yang YH. Application of liquid-based colorimetric method for high throughput screening of bioplastic-degrading strains using esterase assay. Anal Biochem 2024; 685:115390. [PMID: 37951454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
To alleviate environmental problems caused by using conventional plastics, bioplastics have garnered significant interest as alternatives to petroleum-based plastics. Despite possessing better degradability traits compared to traditional plastics, the degradation of bioplastics still demands a longer duration than initially anticipated. This necessitates the utilization of degradation strains or enzymes to enhance degradation efficiency, ensuring timely degradation. In this study, a novel screening method to identify bioplastic degraders faster was suggested to circumvent the time-consuming and laborious characteristics of solid-based plate assays. This liquid-based colorimetric method confirmed the extracellular esterase activity with p-nitrophenyl esters. It eliminated the needs to prepare plastic emulsion plates at the initial screening system, shortening the time for the overall screening process and providing more quantitative data. p-nitrophenyl hexanoate (C6) was considered the best substrate among the various p-nitrophenyl esters as substrates. The screening was performed in liquid-based 96-well plates, resulting in the discovery of a novel strain, Bacillus sp. SH09, with a similarity of 97.4% with Bacillus licheniformis. Furthermore, clear zone assays, degradation investigations, scanning electron microscopy, and gel permeation chromatography were conducted to characterize the biodegradation capabilities of the new strain, the liquid-based approach offered a swift and less labor-intensive option during the initial stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Jeon
- Department of Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Clean Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Jun Yoon
- Department of Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Clean Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Joo
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Taek Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Chungchung nam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Gao AL, Gong JN, Li JF, Yang YH. [A case of heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension treated with long-term oral low-dose imatinib]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2024; 47:36-38. [PMID: 38062692 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20230918-00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH) is a rare type of pulmonary arterial hypertension that often presents with progressive exertional dyspnea and for which there is no significant effective drug. A HPAH patient was admitted to our hospital more than three years ago, and the gene mutation was bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMPR2). For the first 45 months, she was given oral imatinib 100 mg once daily, and her symptoms and hemodynamics improved significantly, with no apparent side effects. It is reported that, in combination with the characteristics of the case and related literatures, it provides clinicians with other feasible treatment options for HPAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - J N Gong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - J F Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Y H Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
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16
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Chandel N, Singh BB, Dureja C, Yang YH, Bhatia SK. Indigo production goes green: a review on opportunities and challenges of fermentative production. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:62. [PMID: 38182914 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Indigo is a widely used dye in various industries, such as textile, cosmetics, and food. However, traditional methods of indigo extraction and processing are associated with environmental and economic challenges. Fermentative production of indigo using microbial strains has emerged as a promising alternative that offers sustainability and cost-effectiveness. This review article provides a critical overview of microbial diversity, metabolic pathways, fermentation strategies, and genetic engineering approaches for fermentative indigo production. The advantages and limitations of different indigo production systems and a critique of the current understanding of indigo biosynthesis are discussed. Finally, the potential application of indigo in other sectors is also discussed. Overall, fermentative production of indigo offers a sustainable and bio-based alternative to synthetic methods and has the potential to contribute to the development of sustainable and circular biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Chandel
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, GD Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Bharat Bhushan Singh
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chetna Dureja
- Center for Inflammatory and Infectious Diseases, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Oh SJ, Choi TR, Kim HJ, Shin N, Hwang JH, Kim HJ, Bhatia SK, Kim W, Yeon YJ, Yang YH. Maximization of 3-hydroxyhexanoate fraction in poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) using lauric acid with engineered Cupriavidus necator H16. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128376. [PMID: 38007029 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
As polyhydroxybutyrate (P(3HB)) was struggling with mechanical properties, efforts have been directed towards increasing mole fraction of 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx) in P(3HB-co-3HHx) to improve the properties of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Although genetic modification had significant results, there were several issues related to cell growth and PHA production by deletion of PHA synthetic genes. To find out easier strategy for high 3HHx mole fraction without gene deletion, Cupriavidus necator H16 containing phaC2Ra-phaACn-phaJ1Pa was examined with various oils resulting that coconut oil gave the highest 3HHx mole fraction. When fatty acid composition analysis with GC-MS was applied, coconut oil was found to have very different composition from other vegetable oil containing very high lauric acid (C12) content. To find out specific fatty acid affecting 3HHx fraction, different fatty acids from caproic acid (C6) to stearic acid (C18) was evaluated and the 3HHx mole fraction was increased to 26.5 ± 1.6 % using lauric acid. Moreover, the 3HHx mole fraction could be controlled from 9 % to 31.1 % by mixing bean oil and lauric acid with different ratios. Produced P(3HB-co-3HHx) exhibited higher molecular than P(3HB-co-3HHx) from phaB-deletion mutant. This study proposes another strategy to increase 3HHx mole fraction with easier way by modifying substrate composition without applying deletion tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Rim Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooseong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Yeon
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Park JK, Jeon JM, Yang YH, Kim SH, Yoon JJ. Efficient polyhydroxybutyrate production using acetate by engineered Halomonas sp. JJY01 harboring acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127475. [PMID: 37863147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a well-known biodegradable bioplastic synthesized by microorganisms and can be produced from volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Among VFAs acetate can be utilized by Halomonas sp. YLGW01 for growth and PHB production. In this study, Halomonas sp. JJY01 was developed through introducing acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (atoAD) with LacIq-Ptrc promoter into Halomonas sp. YLGW01. The effect of expression of atoAD on acetate was investigated by comparison with acetate consumption and PHB production. Shake-flask study showed that Halomonas sp. JJY01 increased acetate consumption rate, PHB yield and PHB production (0.27 g/L/h, 0.075 g/g, 0.72 g/L) compared to the wild type strain (0.17 g/L/h, 0.016 g/g, 0.11 g/L). In 10 L fermenter scale fed-batch fermentation, the growth of Halomonas sp. JJY01 resulted in higher acetate consumption rate, PHB yield and PHB titer (0.55 g/L/h, 0.091 g/g, 4.6 g/L) than wild type strain (0.35 g/L/h, 0.067 h/h, 2.9 g/L). These findings demonstrate enhanced acetate utilization and PHB production through the introduction of atoAD in Halomonas strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jea-Kyung Park
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Jeon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Jun Yoon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan-si 31056, Republic of Korea.
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Ahuja V, Chauhan S, Purewal SS, Mehariya S, Patel AK, Kumar G, Megharaj M, Yang YH, Bhatia SK. Microbial alchemy: upcycling of brewery spent grains into high-value products through fermentation. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38163946 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2286430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Spent grains are one of the lignocellulosic biomasses available in abundance, discarded by breweries as waste. The brewing process generates around 25-30% of waste in different forms and spent grains alone account for 80-85% of that waste, resulting in a significant global waste volume. Despite containing essential nutrients, i.e., carbohydrates, fibers, proteins, fatty acids, lipids, minerals, and vitamins, efficient and economically viable valorization of these grains is lacking. Microbial fermentation enables the valorization of spent grain biomass into numerous commercially valuable products used in energy, food, healthcare, and biomaterials. However, the process still needs more investigation to overcome challenges, such as transportation, cost-effective pretreatment, and fermentation strategy. to lower the product cost and to achieve market feasibility and customer affordability. This review summarizes the potential of spent grains valorization via microbial fermentation and associated challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Ahuja
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Shikha Chauhan
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Sukhvinder Singh Purewal
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | | | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Norway
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Cha HG, Kim HT, Park SH, Kong Y, Yi B, Wang J, Song E, Joo JC, Yang YH, Ahn JO, Park K. Enhanced production of glutaric acid by biocatalyst-recycled bioconversion process integrated with in situ product recovery by adsorption. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 171:110307. [PMID: 37659171 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Product inhibition caused by organic acids is a serious issue in establishing economical biochemical production systems. Herein, for enhanced production of glutaric acid by overcoming product inhibition triggered by glutaric acid, a whole-cell bioconversion system equipped with biocatalyst recycling process and in situ product recovery by adsorption was developed successfully. From the whole-cell bioconversion reaction, we found that both dissociated and undissociated forms of glutaric acid acted as an inhibitor in the whole-cell bioconversion reaction, wherein bioconversion was hindered beyond 200 mM glutaric acid regardless of reaction pH. Therefore, as the promising solution for the inhibition issue by glutaric acid, the biocatalyst-recycled bioconversion process integrated with in situ product recovery by adsorption was introduced in the whole-cell bioconversion. As a result, 592 mM glutaric acid was produced from 1000 mM 5-aminovaleric acid with 59.2% conversion. We believe that our system will be a promising candidate for economically producing organic acids with high titer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeng-Geun Cha
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Taek Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Youjung Kong
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Byongson Yi
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunchae Song
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Joo
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Oh Ahn
- Biotechnology Process Engineering Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmoon Park
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea.
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Lee OK, Kang SG, Choi TR, Yang YH, Lee EY. Production and characterization of a biodegradable polymer, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), using the type II methanotroph, Methylocystis sp. MJC1. Bioresour Technol 2023; 389:129853. [PMID: 37813313 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) through the biological conversion of methane is a promising solution to address both methane emissions and plastic waste. Type II methanotrophs naturally accumulate a representative PHA, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), using methane as the sole carbon source. In this study, we aimed to produce poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV copolymer) with improved properties compared with PHB, using the type II methanotroph, Methylocystis sp. MJC1. We optimized the pH, valerate concentration, and valerate supply time in a one-step cultivation process using a gas bioreactor to enhance PHBV copolymer production yield and the 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) molar fraction. Under the optimal conditions, the biomass reached 21.3 g DCW/L, and PHBV copolymer accumulation accounted for 41.9 % of the dried cell weight, with a 3HV molar fraction of 28.4 %. The physicochemical properties of the purified PHBV copolymer were characterized using NMR, FTIR, TGA, DSC, and GPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok Kyung Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gi Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Rim Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR Integrated Engineering Program), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea.
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Jo SH, Jeon HJ, Song WS, Lee JS, Kwon JE, Park JH, Kim YR, Kim MG, Baek JH, Kwon SY, Kim JS, Yang YH, Kim YG. Unveiling the inhibition mechanism of Clostridioides difficile by Bifidobacterium longum via multiomics approach. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1293149. [PMID: 38029200 PMCID: PMC10663266 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1293149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic-induced gut microbiota disruption constitutes a major risk factor for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Further, antibiotic therapy, which is the standard treatment option for CDI, exacerbates gut microbiota imbalance, thereby causing high recurrent CDI incidence. Consequently, probiotic-based CDI treatment has emerged as a long-term management and preventive option. However, the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of probiotics for CDI remain uninvestigated, thereby creating a knowledge gap that needs to be addressed. To fill this gap, we used a multiomics approach to holistically investigate the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of probiotics for CDI at a molecular level. We first screened Bifidobacterium longum owing to its inhibitory effect on C. difficile growth, then observed the physiological changes associated with the inhibition of C. difficile growth and toxin production via a multiomics approach. Regarding the mechanism underlying C. difficile growth inhibition, we detected a decrease in intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis due to B. longum-produced lactate and a subsequent decrease in (deoxy)ribonucleoside triphosphate synthesis. Via the differential regulation of proteins involved in translation and protein quality control, we identified B. longum-induced proteinaceous stress. Finally, we found that B. longum suppressed the toxin production of C. difficile by replenishing proline consumed by it. Overall, the findings of the present study expand our understanding of the mechanisms by which probiotics inhibit C. difficile growth and contribute to the development of live biotherapeutic products based on molecular mechanisms for treating CDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hyun Jo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Jeon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Suk Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seung Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyeon Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Rim Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gyu Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Baek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Young Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seok Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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23
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Jung J, Jeong Y, Xu Y, Yi J, Kim M, Jeong HJ, Shin SH, Yang YH, Son J, Sung C. Production and engineering of nanobody-based quenchbody sensors for detecting recombinant human growth hormone and its isoforms. Drug Test Anal 2023; 15:1439-1448. [PMID: 37667448 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to athletes' misuse of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) for performance improvement, the World Anti-Doping Agency has designated rhGH as a prohibited substance. This study focuses on the development and improvement of a simple and fast rhGH detection method using a fluorescence-incorporated antibody sensor "Quenchbody (Q-body)" that activates upon antigen binding. Camelid-derived nanobodies were used to produce stable Q-bodies that withstand high temperatures and pH levels. Notably, pituitary human growth hormone (phGH) comprises two major isoforms, namely 22 and 20 kDa GH, which exist in a specific ratio, and the rhGH variant shares the same sequence as the 22 kDa GH isoform. Therefore, we aimed to discriminate rhGH abuse by analyzing its specific isoform ratio. Two nanobodies, NbPit (recognizing phGH) and NbRec (preferentially recognizing 22 kDa rhGH), were used to develop the Q-bodies. Nanobody production in Escherichia coli involved the utilization of a vector containing 6xHis-tag, and Q-bodies were obtained using a maleimide-thiol reaction between the N-terminal of the cysteine tag and a fluorescent dye. The addition of tryptophan residue through antibody engineering resulted in increased fluorescence intensity (FI) (from 2.58-fold to 3.04-fold). The limit of detection (LOD) was determined using a fluorescence response, with TAMRA-labeled NbRec successfully detecting 6.38 ng/ml of 22 kDa rhGH while unable to detect 20 kDa GH. However, ATTO520-labeled NbPit detected 7.00 ng/ml of 20 kDa GH and 2.20 ng/ml 22 kDa rhGH. Q-bodies successfully detected changes in the GH concentration ratio from 10 to 40 ng/ml in human serum within 10 min without requiring specialized equipment and kits. Overall, these findings have potential applications in the field of anti-doping measures and can contribute to improved monitoring and enforcement of rhGH misuse, ultimately enhancing fairness and integrity in competitive sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehoon Jung
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbial Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Jeong
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yinglan Xu
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonyeop Yi
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyoung Kim
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Jeong
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University Sejong-ro 2639, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Shin
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Microbial Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Son
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Changmin Sung
- Doping Control Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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24
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Yang YH, Xu RQ, Zhang RF, Wei YS, Hong L, Sun J, Cong T, Xia YL. [Screening for asymptomatic atrial fibrillation in elder community populations in Dalian: a single center study]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2023; 51:1056-1062. [PMID: 37859357 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20230819-00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective: We aimed to determine the epidemiological characteristics of asymptomatic AF in elder community population (≥65 years old) to analyze the detection rate of different screening methods. Methods: The study was a prospective cohort study. The elder (≥65 years old) residents who voluntarily participated in free physical examination in Dalian community were selected. The participants were randomly divided into screening group (including intensive screening group and single screening group) and control group. The control group received interrogation, medical history collection and routine 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) examination. Screening group received an additional single-lead ambulatory ECG equipment worn for 5-7 days. Intensive screening group received two equal-length wearings in 2020 and 2021 respectively, while one screening group only wore once in 2020. Results: Finally 3 340 residents ((70.7±5.0) years old) which consisted of 1 488 males (44.55%) were enrolled. There were 1 945 residents in screening group, including 859 in intensive screening group and 1 086 in one-time screening group. The control group included 1 395 people. Detection rate of asymptomatic AF was significantly higher in screening group than control group (79(4.06%) vs. 24(1.72%), P<0.001). Higher detection rate was found in screening group than control group in AF risk factors (1 or 2-3) subgroups and CHA2DS2-VASc score (2-3 or≥4) subgroups (P<0.05). Additionally, no difference was found between intensive screening group and single screening group (42(4.89%) vs. 37(3.41%), P=0.100). Intensive screening increased detection rate (7(6.93%) vs. 1(0.58%), P=0.009) only in residents those with low thrombosis risk (CHA2DS2-VaSc<2). Conclusions: Screening in elderly (≥65 years old) can significantly improve the detection rate of asymptomatic AF by wearing single lead dynamic ECG device. The rate increased significantly with the increase of risk factors associated with AF by single screening. In addition, repeat screening of the same method may only improve detection rates in the group with low risk thrombotic scores and non-combination of AF risk factors.Screening methods that are appropriate for different populations may require further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Yang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - R Q Xu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - R F Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Y S Wei
- Department of Scientific Research, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - L Hong
- Electrocardiogram (ECG) Examination Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - J Sun
- Longpan Jinquan Community Health Service Center, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, Dalian 116033, China
| | - T Cong
- Intracardiac ultrasound room, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Y L Xia
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
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25
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Jung HJ, Kim SH, Shin N, Oh SJ, Hwang JH, Kim HJ, Kim YH, Bhatia SK, Jeon JM, Yoon JJ, Yang YH. Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production from sugar cane molasses and tap water without sterilization using novel strain, Priestia sp. YH4. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126152. [PMID: 37558031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The production cost of biodegradable polymer like polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is still higher than that of petroleum-based plastics. A potential solution for reducing its production cost is using a cheap carbon source and avoiding a process of sterilization. In this study, a novel PHB-producing microbial strain, Priestia sp. YH4 was screened from the marine environment using sugarcane molasses as the carbon source without sterilization. Culture conditions, such as carbon, NaCl, temperature, pH, inoculum size, and cultivation time, were optimized for obtaining the highest PHB production by YH4 resulting in 5.94 g/L of dry cell weight (DCW) and 61.7 % of PHB content in the 5 mL culture. In addition, it showed similar PHB production between the cultures with or without sterilization in Marine Broth media. When cultured using only tap water, sugarcane molasses, and NaCl in a 5 L fermenter, 24.8 g/L DCW was produced at 41 h yielding 13.9 g/L PHB. Finally, DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) were used to analyze thermal properties and molecular weights resulting in Tm = 167.2 °C, Tc = 67.3 °C, Mw = 2.85 × 105, Mn = 1.05 × 105, and PDI = 2.7, respectively. Therefore, we showed the feasibility of more economical process for PHB production by finding novel strain, utilizing molasses with minimal media components and avoiding sterilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Ju Jung
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Jeon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Jun Yoon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Kim B, Oh SJ, Hwang JH, Kim HJ, Shin N, Joo JC, Choi KY, Park SH, Park K, Bhatia SK, Yang YH. Complementation of reducing power for 5-hydroxyvaleric acid and 1,5-pentanediol production via glucose dehydrogenase in Escherichia coli whole-cell system. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 170:110305. [PMID: 37595400 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
One of the key intermediates, 5-hydroxyvaleric acid (5-HV), is used in the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoate monomer, δ-valerolactone, 1,5-pentanediol (1,5-PDO), and many other substances. Due to global environmental problems, eco-friendly bio-based synthesis of various platform chemicals and key intermediates are socially required, but few previous studies on 5-HV biosynthesis have been conducted. To establish a sustainable bioprocess for 5-HV production, we introduced gabT encoding 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase and yqhD encoding alcohol dehydrogenase to produce 5-HV from 5-aminovaleric acid (5-AVA), through glutarate semialdehyde in Escherichia coli whole-cell reaction. As, high reducing power is required to produce high concentrations of 5-HV, we newly introduced glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) for NADPH regeneration system from Bacillus subtilis 168. By applying GDH with D-glucose and optimizing the parameters, 5-HV conversion rate from 5-AVA increased from 47% (w/o GDH) to 82% when using 200 mM (23.4 g/L) of 5-AVA. Also, it reached 56% conversion in 2 h, showing 56 mM/h (6.547 g/L/h) productivity from 200 mM 5-AVA, finally reaching 350 mM (41 g/L) and 14.6 mM/h (1.708 g/L/h) productivity at 24 h when 1 M (117.15 g/L) 5-AVA was used. When the whole-cell system with GDH was expanded to produce 1,5-PDO, its production was also increased 5-fold. Considering that 5-HV and 1,5-PDO production depends heavily on the reducing power of the cells, we successfully achieved a significant increase in 5-HV and 1,5-PDO production using GDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungchan Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Joo
- Deparment of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Young Choi
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, College of Engineering, Ajou University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmoon Park
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ablikim M, Achasov MN, Adlarson P, Ahmed S, Albrecht M, Aliberti R, Amoroso A, An Q, Bai Y, Bakina O, Ferroli RB, Balossino I, Ban Y, Begzsuren K, Berger N, Bertani M, Bettoni D, Bianchi F, Bloms J, Bortone A, Boyko I, Briere RA, Cai H, Cai X, Calcaterra A, Cao GF, Cao N, Cetin SA, Chang JF, Chang WL, Chelkov G, Chen G, Chen HS, Chen ML, Chen SJ, Chen XR, Chen YB, Chen ZJ, Cheng WS, Cibinetto G, Cossio F, Dai HL, Dai JP, Dai XC, Dbeyssi A, de Boer RE, Dedovich D, Deng ZY, Denig A, Denysenko I, Destefanis M, De Mori F, Ding Y, Dong J, Dong LY, Dong MY, Dong X, Du SX, Fang J, Fang SS, Fang Y, Farinelli R, Fava L, Feldbauer F, Felici G, Feng CQ, Fritsch M, Fu CD, Gao YN, Gao Y, Gao Y, Garzia I, Gersabeck EM, Gilman A, Goetzen K, Gong L, Gong WX, Gradl W, Greco M, Gu LM, Gu MH, Gu S, Gu YT, Guan CY, Guo AQ, Guo LB, Guo RP, Guo YP, Guskov A, Han TT, Hao XQ, Harris FA, He KL, Heinsius FHH, Heinz CH, Heng YK, Herold C, Himmelreich M, Holtmann T, Hou YR, Hou ZL, Hu HM, Hu JF, Hu T, Hu Y, Huang GS, Huang LQ, Huang XT, Huang YP, Hussain T, Imoehl W, Irshad M, Jaeger S, Janchiv S, Ji Q, Ji QP, Ji XB, Ji XL, Jiang XS, Jiao JB, Jiao Z, Jin S, Jin Y, Johansson T, Kalantar-Nayestanaki N, Kang XS, Kappert R, Kavatsyuk M, Ke BC, Keshk IK, Khoukaz A, Kiese P, Kiuchi R, Kliemt R, Kolcu OB, Kopf B, Kuemmel M, Kuessner MK, Kupsc A, Kurth MG, Kühn W, Lane JJ, Larin P, Lavania A, Lavezzi L, Lei ZH, Leithoff H, Lellmann M, Lenz T, Li C, Li CH, Li C, Li DM, Li F, Li G, Li H, Li HB, Li HJ, Li JQ, Li JW, Li K, Li LK, Li L, Li PL, Li PR, Li SY, Li WD, Li WG, Li XH, Li XL, Li ZY, Liang H, Liang H, Liang H, Liang YF, Liang YT, Liao GR, Liao LZ, Libby J, Limphirat A, Liu BJ, Liu CX, Liu D, Liu FH, Liu F, Liu F, Liu HB, Liu HM, Liu H, Liu H, Liu JB, Liu JY, Liu K, Liu KY, Liu L, Liu MH, Liu Q, Liu SB, Liu S, Liu T, Liu WM, Liu X, Liu YB, Liu ZA, Liu ZQ, Lou XC, Lu FX, Lu HJ, Lu JD, Lu JG, Lu XL, Lu Y, Lu YP, Luo CL, Luo MX, Luo T, Luo XL, Lusso S, Lyu XR, Ma FC, Ma HL, Ma LL, Ma MM, Ma QM, Ma RQ, Ma RT, Ma XX, Ma XY, Maas FE, Maggiora M, Maldaner S, Malde S, Malik QA, Mangoni A, Mao YJ, Mao ZP, Marcello S, Meng ZX, Messchendorp JG, Mezzadri G, Min TJ, Mitchell RE, Mo XH, Muchnoi NY, Muramatsu H, Nakhoul S, Nefedov Y, Nerling F, Nikolaev IB, Ning Z, Nisar S, Olsen SL, Ouyang Q, Pacetti S, Pan X, Pan Y, Pathak A, Patteri P, Pelizaeus M, Peng HP, Peters K, Ping JL, Ping RG, Pitka A, Poling R, Prasad V, Qi H, Qi HR, Qi M, Qi TY, Qian S, Qian WB, Qiao CF, Qin LQ, Qin XP, Qin XS, Qin ZH, Qiu JF, Qu SQ, Qu SQ, Ravindran K, Redmer CF, Rivetti A, Rodin V, Rolo M, Rong G, Rosner C, Sarantsev A, Schelhaas Y, Schnier C, Schoenning K, Scodeggio M, Shan DC, Shan W, Shan XY, Shao M, Shen CP, Shen PX, Shen XY, Shi HC, Shi RS, Shi X, Shi XD, Song WM, Song YX, Sosio S, Spataro S, Su KX, Sun GX, Sun JF, Sun L, Sun SS, Sun T, Sun WY, Sun YJ, Sun YK, Sun YZ, Sun ZT, Tan YH, Tan YX, Tang CJ, Tang GY, Tang J, Teng JX, Thoren V, Uman I, Wang B, Wang BL, Wang CW, Wang DY, Wang HP, Wang K, Wang LL, Wang M, Wang M, Wang WH, Wang WP, Wang X, Wang XF, Wang XL, Wang Y, Wang YD, Wang YF, Wang YQ, Wang Z, Wang ZY, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wei DH, Weidenkaff P, Weidner F, Wen SP, White DJ, Wiedner UW, Wilkinson G, Wolke M, Wollenberg L, Wu JF, Wu LH, Wu LJ, Wu X, Wu Z, Xia L, Xiao H, Xiao SY, Xiao ZJ, Xie XH, Xie YG, Xie YH, Xing TY, Xu GF, Xu JJ, Xu QJ, Xu W, Xu XP, Xu YC, Yan F, Yan L, Yan WB, Yan WC, Yan X, Yang HJ, Yang HX, Yang L, Yang SL, Yang YH, Yang Y, Ye M, Ye MH, Yin JH, You ZY, Yu BX, Yu CX, Yu G, Yu JS, Yu T, Yuan CZ, Yuan L, Yuan W, Yuan Y, Yuan ZY, Yue CX, Zafar AA, Zeng Y, Zhang BX, Zhang GY, Zhang H, Zhang HH, Zhang HH, Zhang HY, Zhang JJ, Zhang JQ, Zhang JW, Zhang JY, Zhang JZ, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang SF, Zhang XD, Zhang XY, Zhang Y, Zhang YT, Zhang YH, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZY, Zhao G, Zhao J, Zhao JY, Zhao JZ, Zhao L, Zhao L, Zhao MG, Zhao Q, Zhao SJ, Zhao YB, Zhao YX, Zhao ZG, Zhemchugov A, Zheng B, Zheng JP, Zheng YH, Zhong B, Zhong C, Zhou LP, Zhou Q, Zhou X, Zhou XK, Zhou XR, Zhu AN, Zhu J, Zhu K, Zhu KJ, Zhu SH, Zhu WJ, Zhu WJ, Zhu YC, Zhu ZA, Zou BS, Zou JH. Search for Λ[over ¯]-Λ Baryon-Number-Violating Oscillations in the Decay J/ψ→pK^{-}Λ[over ¯]+c.c. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:121801. [PMID: 37802947 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.121801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first search for Λ[over ¯]-Λ oscillations in the decay J/ψ→pK^{-}Λ[over ¯]+c.c. by analyzing 1.31×10^{9} J/ψ events accumulated with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. The J/ψ events are produced using e^{+}e^{-} collisions at a center of mass energy sqrt[s]=3.097 GeV. No evidence for hyperon oscillations is observed. The upper limit for the oscillation rate of Λ[over ¯] to Λ hyperons is determined to be P(Λ)=[B(J/ψ→pK^{-}Λ+c.c.)/B(J/ψ→pK^{-}Λ[over ¯]+c.c.)]<4.4×10^{-6} corresponding to an oscillation parameter δm_{ΛΛ[over ¯]} of less than 3.8×10^{-18} GeV at the 90% confidence level.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ablikim
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - M N Achasov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS (BINP), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - P Adlarson
- Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Ahmed
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Staudinger Weg 18, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Albrecht
- Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - R Aliberti
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Amoroso
- University of Turin and INFN, University of Turin, I-10125, Turin, Italy
- INFN, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Q An
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Bai
- Southeast University, Nanjing 211100, People's Republic of China
| | - O Bakina
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - R Baldini Ferroli
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044, Frascati, Italy
| | - I Balossino
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Y Ban
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - K Begzsuren
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Peace Avenue 54B, Ulaanbaatar 13330, Mongolia
| | - N Berger
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Bertani
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044, Frascati, Italy
| | - D Bettoni
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - F Bianchi
- University of Turin and INFN, University of Turin, I-10125, Turin, Italy
- INFN, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - J Bloms
- University of Muenster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 9, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - A Bortone
- University of Turin and INFN, University of Turin, I-10125, Turin, Italy
- INFN, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - I Boyko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - R A Briere
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - H Cai
- Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - X Cai
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - A Calcaterra
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044, Frascati, Italy
| | - G F Cao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - N Cao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - S A Cetin
- Turkish Accelerator Center Particle Factory Group, Istinye University, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - J F Chang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - W L Chang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - G Chelkov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - G Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - M L Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - S J Chen
- Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - X R Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Y B Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Z J Chen
- Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | | | - G Cibinetto
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - H L Dai
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - J P Dai
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - X C Dai
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - A Dbeyssi
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Staudinger Weg 18, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R E de Boer
- Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - D Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - Z Y Deng
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - A Denig
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - I Denysenko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - M Destefanis
- University of Turin and INFN, University of Turin, I-10125, Turin, Italy
- INFN, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - F De Mori
- University of Turin and INFN, University of Turin, I-10125, Turin, Italy
- INFN, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Y Ding
- Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - J Dong
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - L Y Dong
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - M Y Dong
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - X Dong
- Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - S X Du
- Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - J Fang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - S S Fang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Fang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - R Farinelli
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Fava
- University of Eastern Piedmont, I-15121, Alessandria, Italy
- INFN, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - F Feldbauer
- Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - G Felici
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044, Frascati, Italy
| | - C Q Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - M Fritsch
- Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - C D Fu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Y N Gao
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Gao
- University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - I Garzia
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122, Ferrara, Italy
- University of Ferrara, I-44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - E M Gersabeck
- University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - A Gilman
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - K Goetzen
- GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - L Gong
- Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - W X Gong
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - W Gradl
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Greco
- University of Turin and INFN, University of Turin, I-10125, Turin, Italy
- INFN, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - L M Gu
- Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - M H Gu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - S Gu
- Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Y T Gu
- Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - C Y Guan
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - A Q Guo
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - L B Guo
- Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - R P Guo
- Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Y P Guo
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - A Guskov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - T T Han
- Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - X Q Hao
- Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - F A Harris
- University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - K L He
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | | | - C H Heinz
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Y K Heng
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - C Herold
- Suranaree University of Technology, University Avenue 111, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - M Himmelreich
- GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - T Holtmann
- Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Y R Hou
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Z L Hou
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - H M Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - J F Hu
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - T Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - G S Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - L Q Huang
- University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - X T Huang
- Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Y P Huang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - T Hussain
- University of the Punjab, Lahore-54590, Pakistan
| | - W Imoehl
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - M Irshad
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - S Jaeger
- Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - S Janchiv
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Peace Avenue 54B, Ulaanbaatar 13330, Mongolia
| | - Q Ji
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Q P Ji
- Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - X B Ji
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - X L Ji
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - X S Jiang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - J B Jiao
- Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Jiao
- Huangshan College, Huangshan 245000, People's Republic of China
| | - S Jin
- Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Jin
- University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - T Johansson
- Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - X S Kang
- Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - R Kappert
- University of Groningen, NL-9747 AA Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Kavatsyuk
- University of Groningen, NL-9747 AA Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - B C Ke
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, People's Republic of China
| | - I K Keshk
- Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - A Khoukaz
- University of Muenster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 9, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - P Kiese
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R Kiuchi
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - R Kliemt
- GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - O B Kolcu
- Turkish Accelerator Center Particle Factory Group, Istinye University, 34010, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - B Kopf
- Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - M Kuemmel
- Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | | | - A Kupsc
- Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M G Kurth
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - W Kühn
- Justus-Liebig-Universitaet Giessen, II. Physikalisches Institut, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - J J Lane
- University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - P Larin
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Staudinger Weg 18, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Lavania
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - L Lavezzi
- University of Turin and INFN, University of Turin, I-10125, Turin, Italy
- INFN, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Z H Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - H Leithoff
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Lellmann
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Lenz
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Li
- Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, People's Republic of China
| | - C H Li
- Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - D M Li
- Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - F Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - G Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - H Li
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - H B Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - H J Li
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - J Q Li
- Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - J W Li
- Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - L K Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Li
- Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, People's Republic of China
| | - P L Li
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - P R Li
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - S Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - W D Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - W G Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - X H Li
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - X L Li
- Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Y Li
- Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - H Liang
- Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - H Liang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - H Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Y F Liang
- Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - Y T Liang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - G R Liao
- Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - L Z Liao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - J Libby
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - A Limphirat
- Suranaree University of Technology, University Avenue 111, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - B J Liu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - C X Liu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - D Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - F H Liu
- Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - H B Liu
- Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - H M Liu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Liu
- Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, People's Republic of China
| | - J B Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - J Y Liu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - K Liu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - K Y Liu
- Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - L Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - M H Liu
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - S B Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - T Liu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - W M Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - X Liu
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Y B Liu
- Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Z A Liu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Q Liu
- Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - X C Lou
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - F X Lu
- Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - H J Lu
- Huangshan College, Huangshan 245000, People's Republic of China
| | - J D Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - J G Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - X L Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Y P Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - C L Luo
- Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - M X Luo
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - T Luo
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - X L Luo
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | | | - X R Lyu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - F C Ma
- Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, People's Republic of China
| | - H L Ma
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - L L Ma
- Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - M M Ma
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Q M Ma
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - R Q Ma
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - R T Ma
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - X X Ma
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - X Y Ma
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - F E Maas
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Staudinger Weg 18, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Maggiora
- University of Turin and INFN, University of Turin, I-10125, Turin, Italy
- INFN, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - S Maldaner
- Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - S Malde
- University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX13RH, United Kingdom
| | - Q A Malik
- University of the Punjab, Lahore-54590, Pakistan
| | - A Mangoni
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100, Perugia, Italy
| | - Y J Mao
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Z P Mao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - S Marcello
- University of Turin and INFN, University of Turin, I-10125, Turin, Italy
- INFN, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Z X Meng
- University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, People's Republic of China
| | - J G Messchendorp
- GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- University of Groningen, NL-9747 AA Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - G Mezzadri
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - T J Min
- Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - R E Mitchell
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - X H Mo
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - N Yu Muchnoi
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS (BINP), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - H Muramatsu
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - S Nakhoul
- GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Y Nefedov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - F Nerling
- GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - I B Nikolaev
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS (BINP), Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Z Ning
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - S Nisar
- COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Defence Road, Off Raiwind Road, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S L Olsen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Ouyang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - S Pacetti
- INFN Sezione di Perugia, I-06100, Perugia, Italy
- University of Perugia, I-06100, Perugia, Italy
| | - X Pan
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Pan
- University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - A Pathak
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - P Patteri
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, I-00044, Frascati, Italy
| | - M Pelizaeus
- Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - H P Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - K Peters
- GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J L Ping
- Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - R G Ping
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - A Pitka
- Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - R Poling
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - V Prasad
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - H Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - H R Qi
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - M Qi
- Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - T Y Qi
- Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - S Qian
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - W B Qian
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - C F Qiao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - L Q Qin
- Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - X P Qin
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - X S Qin
- Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Z H Qin
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - J F Qiu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - S Q Qu
- Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - S Q Qu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - K Ravindran
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - C F Redmer
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - V Rodin
- University of Groningen, NL-9747 AA Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Rolo
- INFN, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - G Rong
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ch Rosner
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Staudinger Weg 18, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - A Sarantsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - Y Schelhaas
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Schnier
- Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - K Schoenning
- Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Scodeggio
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara, INFN Sezione di Ferrara, I-44122, Ferrara, Italy
- University of Ferrara, I-44122, Ferrara, Italy
| | - D C Shan
- Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - W Shan
- Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - X Y Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - M Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - C P Shen
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - P X Shen
- Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - X Y Shen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - H C Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - R S Shi
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - X Shi
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - X D Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - W M Song
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Y X Song
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - S Sosio
- University of Turin and INFN, University of Turin, I-10125, Turin, Italy
- INFN, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - S Spataro
- University of Turin and INFN, University of Turin, I-10125, Turin, Italy
- INFN, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - K X Su
- Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - G X Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - J F Sun
- Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - L Sun
- Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - S S Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - T Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - W Y Sun
- Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Y J Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Y K Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Z Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Z T Sun
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Y H Tan
- Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Y X Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - C J Tang
- Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China
| | - G Y Tang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - J Tang
- Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - J X Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - V Thoren
- Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - I Uman
- Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, 99138, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - B Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - B L Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - C W Wang
- Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - D Y Wang
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - H P Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - K Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - L L Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - M Wang
- Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - W H Wang
- Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - W P Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - X Wang
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - X F Wang
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - X L Wang
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Y D Wang
- North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - Y F Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Q Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Y Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongyuan Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - D H Wei
- Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - P Weidenkaff
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - F Weidner
- University of Muenster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 9, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - S P Wen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - D J White
- University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - U W Wiedner
- Bochum Ruhr-University, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - G Wilkinson
- University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX13RH, United Kingdom
| | - M Wolke
- Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - J F Wu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - L H Wu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - L J Wu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - X Wu
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Wu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - L Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - H Xiao
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - S Y Xiao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Z J Xiao
- Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - X H Xie
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Y G Xie
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Y H Xie
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - T Y Xing
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - G F Xu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - J J Xu
- Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Q J Xu
- Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, People's Republic of China
| | - W Xu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - X P Xu
- Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - Y C Xu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - F Yan
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - L Yan
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - W B Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - W C Yan
- Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yan
- Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, People's Republic of China
| | - H J Yang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - H X Yang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - L Yang
- Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, People's Republic of China
| | - S L Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Y H Yang
- Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - M Ye
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - M H Ye
- China Center of Advanced Science and Technology, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - J H Yin
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Y You
- Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - B X Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - C X Yu
- Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - G Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - J S Yu
- Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - T Yu
- University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - C Z Yuan
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - L Yuan
- Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - W Yuan
- University of Turin and INFN, University of Turin, I-10125, Turin, Italy
- INFN, I-10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Y Yuan
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Y Yuan
- Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - C X Yue
- Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - A A Zafar
- University of the Punjab, Lahore-54590, Pakistan
| | - Y Zeng
- Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - B X Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - G Y Zhang
- Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - H Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - H H Zhang
- Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - H H Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - H Y Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - J J Zhang
- Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, People's Republic of China
| | - J Q Zhang
- Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - J W Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - J Y Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - J Z Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyu Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - S F Zhang
- Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - X D Zhang
- North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China
| | - X Y Zhang
- Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX13RH, United Kingdom
| | - Y T Zhang
- Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Y H Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Y Zhang
- Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - G Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - J Zhao
- Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, People's Republic of China
| | - J Y Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - J Z Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - M G Zhao
- Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - S J Zhao
- Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Y B Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Y X Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Z G Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - A Zhemchugov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
| | - B Zheng
- University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - J P Zheng
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Y H Zheng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - B Zhong
- Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - C Zhong
- University of South China, Hengyang 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - L P Zhou
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Q Zhou
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - X Zhou
- Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - X K Zhou
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - X R Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - A N Zhu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - J Zhu
- Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - K Zhu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - K J Zhu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - S H Zhu
- University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, People's Republic of China
| | - W J Zhu
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - W J Zhu
- Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Y C Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Beijing 100049, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Z A Zhu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - B S Zou
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - J H Zou
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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28
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Kim SH, Shin N, Oh SJ, Hwang JH, Kim HJ, Bhatia SK, Yun J, Kim JS, Yang YH. A strategy to promote the convenient storage and direct use of polyhydroxybutyrate-degrading Bacillus sp. JY14 by lyophilization with protective reagents. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:184. [PMID: 37715205 PMCID: PMC10503174 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02173-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioplastics are attracting considerable attention, owing to the increase in non-degradable waste. Using microorganisms to degrade bioplastics is a promising strategy for reducing non-degradable plastic waste. However, maintaining bacterial viability and activity during culture and storage remains challenging. With the use of conventional methods, cell viability and activity was lost; therefore, these conditions need to be optimized for the practical application of microorganisms in bioplastic degradation. Therefore, we aimed to optimize the feasibility of the lyophilization method for convenient storage and direct use. In addition, we incoporated protective reagents to increase the viability and activity of lyophilized microorganisms. By selecting and applying the best protective reagents for the lyophilization process and the effects of additives on the growth and PHB-degrading activity of strains were analyzed after lyophilization. For developing the lyophilization method for protecting degradation activity, it may promote practical applications of bioplastic-degrading bacteria. RESULTS In this study, the polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)-degrading strain, Bacillus sp. JY14 was lyophilized with the use of various sugars as protective reagents. Among the carbon sources tested, raffinose was associated with the highest cell survival rate (12.1%). Moreover, 7% of raffionose showed the highest PHB degradation yield (92.1%). Therefore, raffinose was selected as the most effective protective reagent. Also, bacterial activity was successfully maintained, with raffinose, under different storage temperatures and period. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights lyophilization as an efficient microorganism storage method to enhance the applicability of bioplastic-degrading bacterial strains. The approach developed herein can be further studied and used to promote the application of microorganisms in bioplastic degradation.
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Grants
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 2022R1A2C2003138, 2017M3A9E4077234, NRF-2022M3I3A1082545 National Research Foundation of Korea
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- 20009508, 20018132 R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
- R&D Program of MOTIE/KEIT
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghee Yun
- Department of Forest Products and Biotechnology, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seok Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Park Y, Jeon JM, Park JK, Yang YH, Choi SS, Yoon JJ. Optimization of polyhydroxyalkanoate production in Halomonas sp. YLGW01 using mixed volatile fatty acids: a study on mixture analysis and fed-batch strategy. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:171. [PMID: 37661274 PMCID: PMC10476351 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02188-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is one of the most promising materials for replacing petroleum-based plastics, and it can be produced from various renewable biomass sources. In this study, PHA production was conducted using Halomonas sp. YLGW01 utilizing mixed volatile fatty acids (VFAs) as carbon sources. The ratio and concentration of carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized through mixture analysis and organic nitrogen source screening, respectively. It was found that the highest cell dry weight (CDW) of 3.15 g/L and PHA production of 1.63 g/L were achieved when the ratio of acetate to lactate in the mixed VFAs was 0.45:0.55. Furthermore, supplementation of organic nitrogen sources such as soytone resulted in a ninefold increase in CDW (reaching 2.32 g/L) and a 22-fold increase in PHA production (reaching 1.60 g/L) compared to using inorganic nitrogen sources. Subsequently, DO-stat, VFAs consumption rate stat, and pH-stat fed-batch methods were applied to investigate and evaluate PHA productivity. The results showed that when pH-stat-based VFAs feeding was employed, a CDW of 7 g/L and PHA production of 5.1 g/L were achieved within 68 h, with a PHA content of 73%. Overall, the pH-stat fed-batch strategy proved to be effective in enhancing PHA production by Halomonas sp. YLGW01 utilizing VFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yerin Park
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31056, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Yongin-si, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Jeon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Jea-Kyung Park
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Sik Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, Yongin-si, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Jun Yoon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31056, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Jeon Y, Jin H, Kong Y, Cha HG, Lee BW, Yu K, Yi B, Kim HT, Joo JC, Yang YH, Lee J, Jung SK, Park SH, Park K. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Degradation by Bacillus infantis sp. Isolated from Soil and Identification of phaZ and bdhA Expressing PHB Depolymerase. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:1076-1083. [PMID: 37311705 PMCID: PMC10468675 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2303.03013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is a biodegradable and biocompatible bioplastic. Effective PHB degradation in nutrient-poor environments is required for industrial and practical applications of PHB. To screen for PHB-degrading strains, PHB double-layer plates were prepared and three new Bacillus infantis species with PHB-degrading ability were isolated from the soil. In addition, phaZ and bdhA of all isolated B. infantis were confirmed using a Bacillus sp. universal primer set and established polymerase chain reaction conditions. To evaluate the effective PHB degradation ability under nutrient-deficient conditions, PHB film degradation was performed in mineral medium, resulting in a PHB degradation rate of 98.71% for B. infantis PD3, which was confirmed in 5 d. Physical changes in the degraded PHB films were analyzed. The decrease in molecular weight due to biodegradation was confirmed using gel permeation chromatography and surface erosion of the PHB film was observed using scanning electron microscopy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on B. infantis showing its excellent PHB degradation ability and is expected to contribute to PHB commercialization and industrial composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Jeon
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - HyeJi Jin
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Youjung Kong
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeng-Geun Cha
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Wook Lee
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjae Yu
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Byongson Yi
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Taek Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Joo
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongbok Lee
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Jung
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - See-Hyoung Park
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmoon Park
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong 30016, Republic of Korea
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31
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Gong XY, Yang ZH, Li W, Yang YH. [A case with tetralogy of Fallot and thymus hypoplasia found by ultrasound was eventually diagnosed as DiGeorge syndrome]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2023; 61:733-735. [PMID: 37528016 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230511-00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- X Y Gong
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Medical Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410001, China
| | - Z H Yang
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Medical Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410001, China
| | - W Li
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Medical Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410001, China
| | - Y H Yang
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Medical Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410001, China
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32
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Yang JJ, Zhang Y, Zhai ZG, Yang YH. [Research progress of thrombolytic therapy for high risk and intermediate-high risk pulmonary thromboembolism]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2023; 46:720-725. [PMID: 37402665 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20221102-00866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a highly fatal disease. Fibrinolytic therapy can rapidly improve pulmonary hemodynamics and is an important life-saving treatment. How to screen patients who may benefit from thrombolytic therapy and how to reduce the complications of major bleeding are still the focus of PTE treatment. In addition, as our understanding of post-PE syndrome (PPES) has improved, much attention has been paid to whether thrombolytic therapy has any benefit in preventing PPES. This article reviewed the research progress of early risk stratification and prognosis assessment, early major bleeding risk assessment, thrombolytic drug dose reduction, interventional thrombolysis and the long-term prognosis of PTE thrombolysis in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,National Respiratory Disease Center,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China
| | - Z G Zhai
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,National Respiratory Disease Center,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China
| | - Y H Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
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33
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Zhai ZG, Yang YH, Wang C. [Strengthening the construction of standardized system to enhance the standard diagnosis, treatment and comprehensive management of pulmonary hypertension in China]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2023; 46:553-557. [PMID: 37278168 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20230418-00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been rapid progress in the field of pulmonary hypertension (PH). With the deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of PH, the increase of evidence-based medical evidence, the continuous updating of PH clinical classification, the hemodynamic diagnostic boundaries, and the emergence of new targeted drugs and interventions, the guidelines are constantly being updated. It brings new challenges to the standard diagnosis, treatment and comprehensive management of PH in China. Compared with the world, there are still many problems in the field of PH in China. The heterogeneity of PH causes the complexity of the disease and the difficulty of clinical management, and the early identification and diagnosis of pH face great challenges. Individualized and precise treatment needs to be further optimized, and standardized diagnosis and treatment strategies need to be popularized and promoted. In recent years, rapid progress has been made in the field of PH, including its pathogenesis, diagnostic thresholds, classification and comprehensive treatment methods, prompting an update of the guidelines, which brings a new level of standardized diagnosis and comprehensive management of PH in China. This guideline brings new challenges to the standardized diagnosis and treatment and comprehensive management of PH in China. Here, we discussed in depth the current situation of diagnosis and treatment in the field of PH, as well as the development of a standardized system for PH in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z G Zhai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine; Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y H Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - C Wang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical, Beijing 100005, China
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34
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Kim SH, Cho JY, Hwang JH, Kim HJ, Oh SJ, Kim HJ, Bhatia SK, Yun J, Lee SH, Yang YH. Revealing the key gene involved in bioplastic degradation from superior bioplastic degrader Bacillus sp. JY35. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125298. [PMID: 37315675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The use of bioplastics, which can alleviate environmental pollution caused by non-degradable bioplastics, has received attention. As there are many types of bioplastics, method that can treat them simultaneously is important. Therefore, Bacillus sp. JY35 which can degrade different types of bioplastics, was screened in previous study. Most types of bioplastics, such as polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), (P(3HB-co-4HB)), poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), polybutylene succinate (PBS), and polycaprolactone (PCL), can be degraded by esterase family enzymes. To identify the genes that are involved in bioplastic degradation, analysis with whole-genome sequencing was performed. Among the many esterase enzymes, three carboxylesterase and one triacylglycerol lipase were identified and selected based on previous studies. Esterase activity using p-nitrophenyl substrates was measured, and the supernatant of JY35_02679 showed strong emulsion clarification activity compared with others. In addition, when recombinant E. coli was applied to the clear zone test, only the JY35_02679 gene showed activity in the clear zone test with bioplastic containing solid cultures. Further quantitative analysis showed 100 % PCL degradation at 7 days and 45.7 % PBS degradation at 10 days. We identified a gene encoding a bioplastic-degrading enzyme in Bacillus sp. JY35 and successfully expressed the gene in heterologous E. coli, which secreted esterases with broad specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Yeon Cho
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghee Yun
- Department of Forest Products and Biotechnology, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jeju National University, Jeju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Guo YH, He ZL, Ji QL, Zhou HJ, Meng FL, Hu XF, Wei XY, Ma JC, Yang YH, Zhao W, Long LJ, Wang X, Fan JM, Yu XJ, Zhang JZ, Hua D, Yan XM, Wang HB. [Population structure of food-borne Staphylococcus aureus in China]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:982-989. [PMID: 37380423 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20221206-01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the population structure of food-borne Staphylococcus (S.) aureus in China. Methods: Whole genome sequencing was used to analyze 763 food-borne S. aureus strains from 16 provinces in China from 2006 to 2020. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST), staphylococcal protein A gene (spa) typing, and staphylococcal chromosome cassettemec (SCCmec) typing were conducted, and minimum spanning tree based on ST types (STs) was constructed by BioNumerics 7.5 software. Thirty-one S. aureus strains isolated from imported food products were also included in constructing the genome phylogenetic tree. Results: A total of 90 STs (20 novel types) and 160 spa types were detected in the 763 S. aureus isolates. The 72 STs (72/90, 80.0%) were related to 22 clone complexes. The predominant clone complexes were CC7, CC1, CC5, CC398, CC188, CC59, CC6, CC88, CC15, and CC25, accounting for 82.44% (629/763) of the total. The STs and spa types in the predominant clone complexes changed over the years. The methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) detection rate was 7.60%, and 7 SCCmec types were identified. The ST59-t437-Ⅳa (17.24%, 10/58), ST239-t030-Ⅲ (12.07%, 7/58), ST59-t437-Ⅴb (8.62%, 5/58), ST338-t437-Ⅴb (6.90%, 4/58) and ST338-t441-Ⅴb (6.90%, 4/58) were the main types in MRSA strains. The genome phylogenetic tree had two clades, and the strains with the same CC, ST, and spa types clustered together. All CC7 methicillin sensitive S. aureus strains were included in Clade1, while 21 clone complexes and all MRSA strains were in Clade2. The MRSA strains clustered according to the SCCmec and STs. The strains from imported food products in CC398, CC7, CC30, CC12, and CC188 had far distances from Chinese strains in the tree. Conclusions: In this study, the predominant clone complexes of food-borne strains were CC7, CC1, CC5, CC398, CC188, CC59, CC6, CC88, CC15, and CC25, which overlapped with the previously reported clone complexes of hospital and community-associated strains in China, suggesting that close attention needs to be paid to food, a vehicle of pathogen transmission in community and food poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Guo
- Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014040, China State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Z L He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Interdisciplinary Innovation Institute of Medicine and Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Q L Ji
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100020, China
| | - H J Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - F L Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X F Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100032, China
| | - X Y Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - J C Ma
- Microbial Resource and Big Data Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Y H Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - W Zhao
- Institute of Microbiology, Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun 130051, China
| | - L J Long
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xi'an 712100, China
| | - J M Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X J Yu
- Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - J Z Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - D Hua
- Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - X M Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - H B Wang
- Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014040, China Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100020, China
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Yao MH, Yang YH. [Clinicopathological analysis of 4 cases of lung cancer with concomitant EGFR mutation and ROS1 fusion]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:615-617. [PMID: 37263928 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20221031-00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M H Yao
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital; Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Y H Yang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital; Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou 350001, China
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Kant Bhatia S, Hyeon Hwang J, Jin Oh S, Jin Kim H, Shin N, Choi TR, Kim HJ, Jeon JM, Yoon JJ, Yang YH. Macroalgae as a source of sugar and detoxifier biochar for polyhydroxyalkanoates production by Halomonas sp. YLGW01 under the unsterile condition. Bioresour Technol 2023:129290. [PMID: 37290712 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Macroalgae (seaweed) is considered a favorable feedstock for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production owing to its high productivity, low land and freshwater requirement, and renewable nature. Among different microbes Halomonas sp. YLGW01 can utilize algal biomass-derived sugars (galactose and glucose) for growth and PHAs production. Biomass-derived byproducts furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and acetate affects Halomonas sp. YLGW01 growth and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) production i.e., furfural > HMF > acetate. Eucheuma spinosum biomass-derived biochar was able to remove 87.9 % of phenolic compounds from its hydrolysate without affecting sugar concentration. Halomonas sp. YLGW01 grows and accumulates a high amount of PHB at 4 % NaCl. The use of detoxified unsterilized media resulted in high biomass (6.32 ± 0.16 g cdm/L) and PHB production (3.88 ± 0.04 g/L) compared to undetoxified media (3.97 ± 0.24 g cdm/L, 2.58 ± 0.1 g/L). The finding suggests that Halomonas sp. YLGW01 has the potential to valorize macroalgal biomass into PHAs and open a new avenue for renewable bioplastic production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Suk Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Tae-Rim Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Joong Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Jong-Min Jeon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan-si 31056, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Jun Yoon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan-si 31056, South Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul 05029, South Korea.
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38
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Ham S, Kim HJ, Shin N, Hwang JH, Oh SJ, Park JY, Joo JC, Kim HT, Bhatia SK, Yang YH. Continuous production of gamma aminobutyric acid by engineered and immobilized Escherichia coli whole-cells in a small-scale reactor system. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 168:110258. [PMID: 37210798 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
γ-Amino butyric acid (GABA) is a non-proteinogenic amino acid and a human neurotransmitter. Recently, increasing demand for food additives and biodegradable bioplastic monomers, such as nylon 4, has been reported. Consequently, considerable efforts have been made to produce GABA through fermentation and bioconversion. To realize bioconversion, wild-type or recombinant strains harboring glutamate decarboxylase were paired with the cheap starting material monosodium glutamate, resulting in less by-product formation and faster production compared to fermentation. To increase the reusability and stability of whole-cell production systems, this study used an immobilization and continuous production system with a small-scale continuous reactor for gram-scale production. The cation type, alginate concentration, barium concentration, and whole-cell concentration in the beads were optimized and this optimization resulted in more than 95 % conversion of 600 mM monosodium glutamate to GABA in 3 h and reuse of the immobilized cells 15 times, whereas free cells lost all activity after the ninth reaction. When a continuous production system was applied after optimizing the buffer concentration, substrate concentration, and flow rate, 165 g of GABA was produced after 96 h of continuous operation in a 14-mL scale reactor. Our work demonstrates the efficient and economical production of GABA by immobilization and continuous production in a small-scale reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sion Ham
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Park
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Joo
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Taek Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Chungchung nam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ye ZT, Yang YH, Zheng QL. [Atypical adenomyoepitheloma of the breast: report of a case]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:521-523. [PMID: 37106301 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230111-00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z T Ye
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Y H Yang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Q L Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China
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40
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Kim SH, Hwang JH, Kim HJ, Oh SJ, Kim HJ, Shin N, Kim SH, Park JH, Bhatia SK, Yang YH. Enhancement of biohydrogen production in Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 by overexpression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene. Enzyme Microb Technol 2023; 168:110244. [PMID: 37196383 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2023.110244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In the dark fermentation of hydrogen, development of production host is crucial as bacteria act on substrates and produce hydrogen. The present study aimed to improve hydrogen production through the development of Clostridium acetobutylicum as a superior biohydrogen producer. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), which produces NADH/NADPH for metabolites and energy in primary pathways, was introduced to enhance hydrogen production. The strain CAC824-G containing gapC that encodes GAPDH showed a 66.3 % higher hydrogen production than the wild-type strain, with increased NADH and NADPH pools. Glucose consumption and other byproducts, such as acetone, butanol, and ethanol, were also high in CAC824-G. Overexpression of gapC resulted in increased hydrogen production with sugars obtained from different biomass, even in the presence of inhibitors such as vanillin, 5-hydroxymethylfufural, acetic acid, and formic acid. Our results imply that overexpression of gapC in Clostridium is possible to expand the production of the reported biochemicals to produce hydrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Park
- Sustainable Technology and Wellness R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Jeju-si 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Wang L, Zheng WM, Liang TF, Yang YH, Yang BN, Chen X, Chen Q, Li XJ, Lu J, Li BW, Chen N. Brain Activation Evoked by Motor Imagery in Pediatric Patients with Complete Spinal Cord Injury. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:611-617. [PMID: 37080724 PMCID: PMC10171374 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Currently, there is no effective treatment for pediatric patients with complete spinal cord injury. Motor imagery has been proposed as an alternative to physical training for patients who are unable to move voluntarily. Our aim was to reveal the potential mechanism of motor imagery in the rehabilitation of pediatric complete spinal cord injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-six pediatric patients with complete spinal cord injury and 26 age- and sex-matched healthy children as healthy controls were recruited. All participants underwent the motor imagery task-related fMRI scans, and additional motor execution scans were performed only on healthy controls. First, we compared the brain-activation patterns between motor imagery and motor execution in healthy controls. Then, we compared the brain activation of motor imagery between the 2 groups and compared the brain activation of motor imagery in pediatric patients with complete spinal cord injury and that of motor execution in healthy controls. RESULTS In healthy controls, compared with motor execution, motor imagery showed increased activation in the left inferior parietal lobule and decreased activation in the left supplementary motor area, paracentral lobule, middle cingulate cortex, and right insula. In addition, our results revealed that the 2 groups both activated the bilateral supplementary motor area, middle cingulate cortex and left inferior parietal lobule, and supramarginal gyrus during motor imagery. Compared with healthy controls, higher activation in the bilateral paracentral lobule, supplementary motor area, putamen, and cerebellar lobules III-V was detected in pediatric complete spinal cord injury during motor imagery, and the activation of these regions was even higher than that of healthy controls during motor execution. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that part of the motor imagery network was functionally preserved in pediatric complete spinal cord injury and could be activated through motor imagery. In addition, higher-level activation in sensorimotor-related regions was also found in pediatric complete spinal cord injury during motor imagery. Our findings may provide a theoretic basis for the application of motor imagery training in pediatric complete spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (L.W., W.M.Z., Y.H.Y., B.N.Y., X.C., J.L., N.C.), Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics (L.W., W.M.Z., Y.H.Y., B.N.Y., X.C., J.L., N.C.), Beijing, China
| | - W M Zheng
- From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (L.W., W.M.Z., Y.H.Y., B.N.Y., X.C., J.L., N.C.), Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics (L.W., W.M.Z., Y.H.Y., B.N.Y., X.C., J.L., N.C.), Beijing, China
| | - T F Liang
- Department of Medical Imaging (T.F.L., B.W.L.), Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, Hebei Province, China
| | - Y H Yang
- From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (L.W., W.M.Z., Y.H.Y., B.N.Y., X.C., J.L., N.C.), Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics (L.W., W.M.Z., Y.H.Y., B.N.Y., X.C., J.L., N.C.), Beijing, China
| | - B N Yang
- From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (L.W., W.M.Z., Y.H.Y., B.N.Y., X.C., J.L., N.C.), Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics (L.W., W.M.Z., Y.H.Y., B.N.Y., X.C., J.L., N.C.), Beijing, China
| | - X Chen
- From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (L.W., W.M.Z., Y.H.Y., B.N.Y., X.C., J.L., N.C.), Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics (L.W., W.M.Z., Y.H.Y., B.N.Y., X.C., J.L., N.C.), Beijing, China
| | - Q Chen
- Department of Radiology (Q.C.), Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - X J Li
- Department of Radiology (X.J.L.), China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - J Lu
- From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (L.W., W.M.Z., Y.H.Y., B.N.Y., X.C., J.L., N.C.), Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics (L.W., W.M.Z., Y.H.Y., B.N.Y., X.C., J.L., N.C.), Beijing, China
| | - B W Li
- Department of Medical Imaging (T.F.L., B.W.L.), Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, Hebei Province, China
| | - N Chen
- From the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (L.W., W.M.Z., Y.H.Y., B.N.Y., X.C., J.L., N.C.), Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Brain Informatics (L.W., W.M.Z., Y.H.Y., B.N.Y., X.C., J.L., N.C.), Beijing, China
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Yang YH, Ku X, Gong YN, Meng FL, Dongbo DP, Guo YH, Wei XY, Long LJ, Fan JM, Zhang MJ, Zhang JZ, Yan XM. [Prediction of superantigen active sites and clonal expression of staphylococcal enterotoxin-like W]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:629-635. [PMID: 37147837 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20220822-00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The docking and superantigen activity sites of staphylococcal enterotoxin-like W (SElW) and T cell receptor (TCR) were predicted, and its SElW was cloned, expressed and purified. Methods: AlphaFold was used to predict the 3D structure of SElW protein monomers, and the protein models were evaluated with the help of the SAVES online server from ERRAT, Ramachandran plot, and Verify_3D. The ZDOCK server simulates the docking conformation of SElW and TCR, and the amino acid sequences of SElW and other serotype enterotoxins were aligned. The primers were designed to amplify selw, and the fragment was recombined into the pMD18-T vector and sequenced. Then recombinant plasmid pMD18-T was digested with BamHⅠand Hind Ⅲ. The target fragment was recombined into the expression plasmid pET-28a(+). After identification of the recombinant plasmid, the protein expression was induced by isopropyl-beta-D- thiogalactopyranoside. The SElW expressed in the supernatant was purified by affinity chromatography and quantified by the BCA method. Results: The predicted three-dimensional structure showed that the SElW protein was composed of two domains, the amino-terminal and the carboxy-terminal. The amino-terminal domain was composed of 3 α-helices and 6 β-sheets, and the carboxy-terminal domain included 2 α-helices and 7 antiparallel β-sheets composition. The overall quality factor score of the SElW protein model was 98.08, with 93.24% of the amino acids having a Verify_3D score ≥0.2 and no amino acids located in disallowed regions. The docking conformation with the highest score (1 521.328) was selected as the analysis object, and the 19 hydrogen bonds between the corresponding amino acid residues of SElW and TCR were analyzed by PyMOL. Combined with sequence alignment and the published data, this study predicted and found five important superantigen active sites, namely Y18, N19, W55, C88, and C98. The highly purified soluble recombinant protein SElW was obtained with cloning, expression, and protein purification. Conclusions: The study found five superantigen active sites in SElW protein that need special attention and successfully constructed and expressed the SElW protein, which laid the foundation for further exploration of the immune recognition mechanism of SElW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X Ku
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y N Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - F L Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - D P Dongbo
- Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Big Data Academy, Zhongke, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Y H Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014040, China
| | - X Y Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - L J Long
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - J M Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - M J Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - J Z Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X M Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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Ahuja V, Bhatt AK, Banu JR, Kumar V, Kumar G, Yang YH, Bhatia SK. Microbial Exopolysaccharide Composites in Biomedicine and Healthcare: Trends and Advances. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071801. [PMID: 37050415 PMCID: PMC10098801 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs), e.g., xanthan, dextran, gellan, curdlan, etc., have significant applications in several industries (pharma, food, textiles, petroleum, etc.) due to their biocompatibility, nontoxicity, and functional characteristics. However, biodegradability, poor cell adhesion, mineralization, and lower enzyme activity are some other factors that might hinder commercial applications in healthcare practices. Some EPSs lack biological activities that make them prone to degradation in ex vivo, as well as in vivo environments. The blending of EPSs with other natural and synthetic polymers can improve the structural, functional, and physiological characteristics, and make the composites suitable for a diverse range of applications. In comparison to EPS, composites have more mechanical strength, porosity, and stress-bearing capacity, along with a higher cell adhesion rate, and mineralization that is required for tissue engineering. Composites have a better possibility for biomedical and healthcare applications and are used for 2D and 3D scaffold fabrication, drug carrying and delivery, wound healing, tissue regeneration, and engineering. However, the commercialization of these products still needs in-depth research, considering commercial aspects such as stability within ex vivo and in vivo environments, the presence of biological fluids and enzymes, degradation profile, and interaction within living systems. The opportunities and potential applications are diverse, but more elaborative research is needed to address the challenges. In the current article, efforts have been made to summarize the recent advancements in applications of exopolysaccharide composites with natural and synthetic components, with special consideration of pharma and healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Ahuja
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
- University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - J. Rajesh Banu
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Centre for Climate and Environmental Protection, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8600 Forus, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Cho DH, Kim HJ, Oh SJ, Hwang JH, Shin N, Bhatia SK, Yoon JJ, Jeon JM, Yang YH. Strategy for efficiently utilizing Escherichia coli cells producing isobutanol by combining isobutanol and indigo production systems. J Biotechnol 2023; 367:62-70. [PMID: 37019156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Isobutanol is a potential biofuel, and its microbial production systems have demonstrated promising results. In a microbial system, the isobutanol produced is secreted into the media; however, the cells remaining after fermentation cannot be used efficiently during the isobutanol recovery process and are discarded as waste. To address this, we aimed to investigate the strategy of utilizing these remaining cells by combining the isobutanol production system with the indigo production system, wherein the product accumulates intracellularly. Accordingly, we constructed E. coli systems with genes, such as acetolactate synthase gene (alsS), ketol-acid reductoisomerase gene (ilvC), dihydroxyl-acid dehydratase (ilvD), and alpha-ketoisovalerate decarboxylase gene (kivD), for isobutanol production and genes, such as tryptophanase gene (tnaA) and flavin-containing monooxygenase gene (FMO), for indigo production. This system produced isobutanol and indigo simultaneously while accumulating indigo within cells. The production of isobutanol and indigo exhibited a strong linear correlation up to 72 h of production time; however, the pattern of isobutanol and indigo production varied. To our knowledge, this study is the first to simultaneously produce isobutanol and indigo and can potentially enhance the economy of biochemical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Hyun Cho
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Jun Yoon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Jeon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Choi TR, Oh SJ, Hwang JH, Kim HJ, Shin N, Yun J, Lee SH, Bhatia SK, Yang YH. Direct Monitoring of Membrane Fatty Acid Changes and Effects on the Isoleucine/ Valine Pathways in an ndgR Deletion Mutant of Streptomyces coelicolor. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:1-12. [PMID: 37072678 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2301.01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
NdgR, a global regulator in soil-dwelling and antibiotic-producing Streptomyces, is known to regulate branched-chain amino acid metabolism by binding to the upstream region of synthetic genes. However, its numerous and complex roles are not yet fully understood. To more fully reveal the function of NdgR, phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to assess the effects of an ndgR deletion mutant of Streptomyces coelicolor. The deletion of ndgR was found to decrease the levels of isoleucine- and leucine-related fatty acids but increase those of valine-related fatty acids. Furthermore, the defects in leucine and isoleucine metabolism caused by the deletion impaired the growth of Streptomyces at low temperatures. Supplementation of leucine and isoleucine, however, could complement this defect under cold shock condition. NdgR was thus shown to be involved in the control of branched-chain amino acids and consequently affected the membrane fatty acid composition in Streptomyces. While isoleucine and valine could be synthesized by the same enzymes (IlvB/N, IlvC, IlvD, and IlvE), ndgR deletion did not affect them in the same way. This suggests that NdgR is involved in the upper isoleucine and valine pathways, or that its control over them differs in some respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Rim Choi
- Department of Microbial Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jin Oh
- Department of Microbial Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Microbial Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Microbial Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Microbial Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghee Yun
- Department of Forest Products and Biotechnology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Microbial Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Microbial Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Applications, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim B, Oh SJ, Hwang JH, Kim HJ, Shin N, Bhatia SK, Jeon JM, Yoon JJ, Yoo J, Ahn J, Park JH, Yang YH. Polyhydroxybutyrate production from crude glycerol using a highly robust bacterial strain Halomonas sp. YLGW01. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123997. [PMID: 36907298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Petrochemical-based plastics are hardly biodegradable and a major cause of environmental pollution, and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is attracting attention as an alternative due to its similar properties. However, the cost of PHB production is high and is considered the greatest challenge for its industrialization. Here, crude glycerol was used as a carbon source for more efficient PHB production. Among the 18 strains investigated, Halomonas taeanenisis YLGW01 was selected for PHB production due to its salt tolerance and high glycerol consumption rate. Furthermore, this strain can produce poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (P(3HB-co-3 HV)) with 17 % 3 HV mol fraction when a precursor is added. PHB production was maximized through medium optimization and activated carbon treatment of crude glycerol, resulting in 10.5 g/L of PHB with 60 % PHB content in fed-batch fermentation. Physical properties of the produced PHB were analyzed, i.e., weight average molecular weight (6.8 × 105), number average molecular weight (4.4 × 105), and the polydispersity index (1.53). In the universal testing machine analysis, the extracted intracellular PHB showed a decrease in Young's modulus, an increase in Elongation at break, greater flexibility than authentic film, and decreased brittleness. This study confirmed that YLGW01 is a promising strain for industrial PHB production using crude glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungchan Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Jeon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Jun Yoon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehung Yoo
- GRIBIO Co. Ltd, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungoh Ahn
- Biotechnology Process Engineering Center, Korea Research Institute Bioscience Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ho Park
- Bio-Evaluation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ham S, Cho DH, Oh SJ, Hwang JH, Kim HJ, Shin N, Ahn J, Choi KY, Bhatia SK, Yang YH. Enhanced production of bio-indigo in engineered Escherichia coli, reinforced by cyclopropane-fatty acid-acyl-phospholipid synthase from psychrophilic Pseudomonas sp. B14-6. J Biotechnol 2023; 366:1-9. [PMID: 36849085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Indigo dye is an organic compound with a distinctive blue color. Most of the indigo currently used in industry is produced via chemical synthesis, which generates a large amount of wastewater. Therefore, several studies have recently been conducted to find ways to produce indigo eco-friendly using microorganisms. Here, we produced indigo using recombinant Escherichia coli with both an indigo-producing plasmid and a cyclopropane fatty acid (CFA)-regulating plasmid. The CFA-regulating plasmid contains the cfa gene, and its expression increases the CFA composition of the phospholipid fatty acids of the cell membrane. Overexpression of cfa showed cytotoxicity resistance of indole, an intermediate product formed during the indigo production process. This had a positive effect on indigo production and cfa originated from Pseudomonas sp. B 14-6 was used. Optimal conditions for indigo production were determined by adjusting the expression strain, culture temperature, shaking speed, and isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside concentration. Treatment with Tween 80 at a particular concentration to increase the permeability of the cell membrane had a positive effect on indigo production. The strain with the CFA plasmid produced 4.1 mM of indigo after 24 h of culture and produced 1.5-fold higher indigo than the control strain without the CFA plasmid that produced 2.7 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sion Ham
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, the Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyun Cho
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, the Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Jin Oh
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, the Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Hwang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, the Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, the Republic of Korea
| | - Nara Shin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, the Republic of Korea
| | - Jungoh Ahn
- Biotechnology Process Engineering Center, Korea Research Institute Bioscience Biotechnology (KRIBB), the Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Young Choi
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, College of Engineering, Ajou University, the Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, the Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, the Republic of Korea.
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Kim SH, Kim HJ, Kim SH, Jung HJ, Kim B, Cho DH, Jeon JM, Yoon JJ, Kim SH, Park JH, Bhatia SK, Yang YH. Unraveling Biohydrogen Production and Sugar Utilization Systems in the Electricigen Shewanella marisflavi BBL25. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:687-697. [PMID: 36823146 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2212.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Identification of novel, electricity-producing bacteria has garnered remarkable interest because of the various applications of electricigens in microbial fuel cell and bioelectrochemical systems. Shewanella marisflavi BBL25, an electricity-generating microorganism, uses various carbon sources and shows broader sugar utilization than the better-known S. oneidensis MR-1. To determine the sugar-utilizing genes and electricity production and transfer system in S. marisflavi BBL25, we performed an in-depth analysis using whole-genome sequencing. We identified various genes associated with carbon source utilization and the electron transfer system, similar to those of S. oneidensis MR-1. In addition, we identified genes related to hydrogen production systems in S. marisflavi BBL25, which were different from those in S. oneidensis MR-1. When we cultured S. marisflavi BBL25 under anaerobic conditions, the strain produced 427.58 ± 5.85 μl of biohydrogen from pyruvate and 877.43 ± 28.53 μl from xylose. As S. oneidensis MR-1 could not utilize glucose well, we introduced the glk gene from S. marisflavi BBL25 into S. oneidensis MR-1, resulting in a 117.35% increase in growth and a 17.64% increase in glucose consumption. The results of S. marisflavi BBL25 genome sequencing aided in the understanding of sugar utilization, electron transfer systems, and hydrogen production systems in other Shewanella species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Ju Jung
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungchan Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyun Cho
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Jeon
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Clean Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Jun Yoon
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Research Institute of Clean Manufacturing System, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Park
- Sustainable Technology and Wellness R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Bhatia SK, Gurav R, Cho DH, Kim B, Jung HJ, Kim SH, Choi TR, Kim HJ, Yang YH. Algal biochar mediated detoxification of plant biomass hydrolysate: Mechanism study and valorization into polyhydroxyalkanoates. Bioresour Technol 2023; 370:128571. [PMID: 36603752 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, fourteen types of biochar produced using seven biomasses at temperatures 300 °C and 600 °C were screened for phenolics (furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)) removal. Eucheuma spinosum biochar (EB-BC 600) showed higher adsorption capacity to furfural (258.94 ± 3.2 mg/g) and HMF (222.81 ± 2.3 mg/g). Adsorption kinetics and isotherm experiments interpreted that EB-BC 600 biochar followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model for both furfural and HMF adsorption. Different hydrolysates were detoxified using EB-BC 600 biochar and used as feedstock for engineered Escherichia coli. An increased polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production with detoxified barley biomass hydrolysate (DBBH: 1.71 ± 0.07 g PHA/L), detoxified miscanthus biomass hydrolysate (DMBH: 0.87 ± 0.03 g PHA/L) and detoxified pine biomass hydrolysate (DPBH: 1.28 ± 0.03 g PHA/L) was recorded, which was 2.8, 6.4 and 3.4 folds high as compared to undetoxified hydrolysates. This study reports the mechanism involved in furfural and HMF removal using biochar and valorization of hydrolysate into PHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ranjit Gurav
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyun Cho
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungchan Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Ju Jung
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Rim Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joong Kim
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Kang BJ, Jeon JM, Bhatia SK, Kim DH, Yang YH, Jung S, Yoon JJ. Two-Stage Bio-Hydrogen and Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production: Upcycling of Spent Coffee Grounds. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030681. [PMID: 36771983 PMCID: PMC9919241 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee waste is an abundant biomass that can be converted into high value chemical products, and is used in various renewable biological processes. In this study, oil was extracted from spent coffee grounds (SCGs) and used for polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production through Pseudomonas resinovorans. The oil-extracted SCGs (OESCGs) were hydrolyzed and used for biohydrogen production through Clostridium butyricum DSM10702. The oil extraction yield through n-hexane was 14.4%, which accounted for 97% of the oil present in the SCGs. OESCG hydrolysate (OESCGH) had a sugar concentration of 32.26 g/L, which was 15.4% higher than that of the SCG hydrolysate (SCGH) (27.96 g/L). Hydrogen production using these substrates was 181.19 mL and 136.58 mL in OESCGH and SCGH media, respectively. The consumed sugar concentration was 6.77 g/L in OESCGH and 5.09 g/L in SCGH media. VFA production with OESCGH (3.58 g/L) increased by 40.9% compared with SCGH (2.54 g/L). In addition, in a fed-batch culture using the extracted oil, cell dry weight was 5.4 g/L, PHA was 1.6 g/L, and PHA contents were 29.5% at 24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom-Jung Kang
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Chunan-si 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Jeon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Chunan-si 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kim
- Sustainable Technology and Wellness R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Jeju-si 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Jung
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Jun Yoon
- Green & Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Chunan-si 31056, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-41-589-8266
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