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Liu Y, Shen W, Tian ZQ, Zhang YC, Tao GQ, Zhu YF, Song GD, Cao JC, Huang YK, Song C. [Network meta-analysis comparing the clinical outcomes and safety of robotic, laparoscopic, and transanal total rectal mesenteric resection for rectal cancer]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 26:475-484. [PMID: 37217356 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20220916-00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To methodically assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of robot-assisted total rectal mesenteric resection (RTME), laparoscopic-assisted total rectal mesenteric resection (laTME), and transanal total rectal mesenteric resection (taTME). Methods: A computer search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Ovid databases to identify English-language reports published between January 2017 and January 2022 that compared the clinical efficacy of the three surgical procedures of RTME, laTME, and taTME. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the NOS and JADAD scales for retrospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials, respectively. Direct meta-analysis and reticulated meta-analysis were performed using Review Manager software and R software, respectively. Results: Twenty-nine publications comprising 8,339 patients with rectal cancer were ultimately included. The direct meta-analysis indicated that the length of hospital stay was longer after RTME than after taTME, whereas according to the reticulated meta-analysis the length of hospital stay was shorter after taTME than after laTME (MD=-0.86, 95%CI: -1.70 to -0.096, P=0.036). Moreover, the incidence of anastomotic leak was lower after taTME than after RTME (OR=0.60, 95%CI: 0.39 to 0.91, P=0.018). The incidence of intestinal obstruction was also lower after taTME than after RTME (OR=0.55, 95%CI: 0.31 to 0.94, P=0.037). All of these differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the three surgical procedures regarding the number of lymph nodes cleared, length of the inferior rectal margin, or rate of positive circumferential margins (all P>0.05). An inconsistency test using nodal analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between the results of direct and indirect comparisons of the six outcome indicators (all P>0.05). Furthermore, we detected no significant overall inconsistency between direct and indirect evidence. Conclusion: taTME has advantages over RTME and laTME, in terms of radical and surgical short-term outcomes in patients with rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - W Shen
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Z Q Tian
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Y C Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - G Q Tao
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Y F Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - G D Song
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - J C Cao
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Y K Huang
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - C Song
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
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Huang YK, Zhang HS, Ye XD, Xu X, Chen PS, Ma ZJ, Wang XZ. [Application of a self-designed flat-tipped injection needle for hydrodynamic release of fecaliths embedded in the colonic diverticulum]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 25:1110-1113. [PMID: 36562235 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20220609-00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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3
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Tao L, Huang YK, Yan KX, Li CH, Shen L, Zhang ZH. A preliminary study of peripheral T-cell subsets in porokeratosis patients with MVK or MVD variants. Skin Health Dis 2022; 2:e82. [PMID: 35665211 PMCID: PMC9060116 DOI: 10.1002/ski2.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Porokeratosis (PK) is considered a skin‐specific autoinflammatory keratinization disease. Intriguingly, four causative genes of PK are in turn arranged in mevalonate pathway, with MVD variants being the commonest followed by MVK variants in a cohort of Chinese patients. Evidence indicates that mevalonate metabolites induce trained immunity in human monocytes and regulate T cells at multiple levels. Of note, γδT cells are dually regulated by intracellular and extracellular mevalonate metabolism. Aims To identify the possible differences in T‐cell between MVK or MVD variants from PK patients. Materials & Methods Targeted exome sequencing and exonic CNV screening were performed in 26 patients with PK. Sanger sequencing was used to validate all identified variants. Among them, 22 patients were identified with MVK or MVD variants. PBMCs from 22 PK patients and 27 normal controls (NCs) were analysed by flow cytometry for the frequencies of T cells subsets, including IFN‐γ‐, and TNF‐α‐producing T cells. Results There were 14 mutations identified in the 26 PK patients, including 6 novel mutations (MVK: c.118_226+1337dup, c.388_392delGATATinsC, c.613A>T, c.768G>C, and MVD: c.250C>T, c.988T>G). In contrast to NCs, significantly decreased frequencies of CD8+ and Vγ9Vδ2 T cells were observed in the PK patients with MVD variants. Moreover, it was found that dysregulated secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines by T cells in both PK patients with MVK and MVD variants. Conclusions Our findings enriched the Human Gene Mutation Databases and showed probable differences in peripheral T cells subsets between PK patients and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tao
- Department of Dermatology Huashan Hospital Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Y K Huang
- Department of Dermatology Huashan Hospital Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University Shanghai China.,Department of Dermatology Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital Xiamen China
| | - K X Yan
- Department of Dermatology Huashan Hospital Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - C H Li
- Genesky Biotechnologies Inc Shanghai China
| | - L Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Z H Zhang
- Department of Dermatology Huashan Hospital Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University Shanghai China
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Tung YC, Wang CK, Huang YK, Huang CK, Peng CC, Patra B, Chen HK, Tsao PN, Ling TY. Identifying distinct oxygen diffusivity through type I pneumocyte-like cell layers using microfluidic device. Talanta 2022; 236:122882. [PMID: 34635262 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen is necessary for cellular respiration in aerobic organisms. In animals, such as human, inhaled oxygen moves from the alveoli to the blood through alveolar epithelium into pulmonary capillaries. Up to now, different studies have been reported to examine experimental oxygen diffusivity for simple membrane or single-celled organisms; however, devices capable of precisely characterizing oxygen transportation through cell layers with dimensions similar to their physiological ones have not been developed. In this study, we establish an integrated approach exploiting a multi-layer microfluidic device and relative fluorescence lifetime detection apparatus to reliably measure oxygen diffusivity through a cell layer. In the experiments, different types of cells, including A549 and 3T3 cell lines, lung stem/progenitor cells, and the differentiated type I pneumocyte-like cells, are used to form cell layers within the devices for their oxygen diffusivity evaluation. A distinct facilitated oxygen transportation behavior of the differentiated type I pneumocyte-like cells that has never been discussed before is identified using the approach. The study offered a new in vitro approach to evaluate the oxygen diffusivity across cell layers in a microfluidic device and open a door to construct more physiologically meaningful in vitro model system to study respiratory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chung Tung
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Kai Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Kai Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Peng
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Bishnubrata Patra
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Kuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 10041, Taiwan
| | - Po-Nien Tsao
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 10041, Taiwan; Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Thai-Yen Ling
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan; Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan.
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Leng H, Ohmura A, Anh LN, Ishikawa F, Naka T, Huang YK, de Visser A. Superconductivity under pressure in the Dirac semimetal PdTe 2. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:025603. [PMID: 31574487 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab49b5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Dirac semimetal PdTe2 was recently reported to be a type-I superconductor (T c = 1.64 K, [Formula: see text] mT) with unusual superconductivity of the surface sheath. We here report a high-pressure study, [Formula: see text] GPa, of the superconducting phase diagram extracted from ac-susceptibility and transport measurements on single crystalline samples. T c (p ) shows a pronounced non-monotonous variation with a maximum T c = 1.91 K around 0.91 GPa, followed by a gradual decrease to 1.27 K at 2.5 GPa. Surface superconductivity is robust under pressure as demonstrated by the large superconducting screening signal that persists for applied dc-fields [Formula: see text]. Surprisingly, for [Formula: see text] GPa the superconducting transition temperature at the surface [Formula: see text] is larger than T c of the bulk. Therefore surface superconductivity may possibly have a non-trivial topological nature. We compare the measured pressure variation of T c with recent results from band structure calculations and discuss the importance of a Van Hove singularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Leng
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Ohmura
- Pacific Rim Solar Fuel System Research Center, Niigata University, 8050, Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
- Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050, Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - L N Anh
- International Training Institute for Materials Science, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1 Dai Co Viet Road, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - F Ishikawa
- Faculty of Science, Niigata University, 8050, Ikarashi 2-no-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - T Naka
- National Institute for Materials Science, Sengen 1-2-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Y K Huang
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A de Visser
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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6
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Abstract
Single-atom manipulation within doped correlated electron systems could help disentangle the influence of dopants, structural defects, and crystallographic characteristics on local electronic states. Unfortunately, the high diffusion barrier in these materials prevents conventional manipulation techniques. Here, we demonstrate the possibility to reversibly manipulate select sites in the optimally doped high-temperature superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x using the local electric field of the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope. We show that upon shifting individual Bi atoms at the surface, the spectral gap associated with superconductivity is seen to reversibly change by as much as 15 milli-electron volts (on average ~5% of the total gap size). Our toy model, which captures all observed characteristics, suggests that the electric field induces lateral movement of local pairing potentials in the CuO2 plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Massee
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS UMR 8502, Bâtiment 510, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France.
| | - Y K Huang
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, 1098XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Aprili
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS UMR 8502, Bâtiment 510, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
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7
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Abstract
Dopants and impurities are crucial in shaping the ground state of host materials: semiconducting technology is based on their ability to donate or trap electrons, and they can even be used to transform insulators into high temperature superconductors. Due to limited time resolution, most atomic-scale studies of the latter materials focussed on the effect of dopants on the electronic properties averaged over time. Here, by using atomic-scale current-noise measurements in optimally doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x, we visualize sub-nanometre sized objects where the tunnelling current-noise is enhanced by at least an order of magnitude. We show that these objects are previously undetected oxygen dopants whose ionization and local environment leads to unconventional charge dynamics resulting in correlated tunnelling events. The ionization of these dopants opens up new routes to dynamically control doping at the atomic scale, enabling the direct visualization of local charging on e.g. high-Tc superconductivity. The effects of dopants in high-temperature superconductors on the surrounding electronic structure give insights into their unconventional microscopic behaviour. Here the authors find a new class of defects that they identify as oxygen dopants whose ionization and local environment induce unusual atomic-scale charge dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Massee
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (CNRS UMR 8502), Bâtiment 510, Université Paris-Sud/Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France.
| | - Y K Huang
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M S Golden
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Aprili
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (CNRS UMR 8502), Bâtiment 510, Université Paris-Sud/Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
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Abstract
Superconductivity in the topological non-trivial Dirac semimetal PdTe2 was recently shown to be type-I. We hereby report measurements of the relative magnetic penetration depth, [Formula: see text], on several single crystals using a high precision tunnel diode oscillator technique. The temperature variation [Formula: see text] follows an exponential function for [Formula: see text], consistent with a fully-gapped superconducting state and weak or moderately coupling superconductivity. By fitting the data we extract a [Formula: see text]-value of ∼500 nm. The normalized superfluid density is in good agreement with the computed curve for a type-I superconductor with nonlocal electrodynamics. Small steps are observed in [Formula: see text], which possibly relates to a locally lower [Formula: see text] due to defects in the single crystalline sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Salis
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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9
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Huang ZX, Guo XQ, Deng WM, Zheng SL, Guo X, Huang YK, Li TW. [Efficacy of Yisaipu tapering in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:1158-1161. [PMID: 29690728 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.15.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To assess the efficacy of Yisaipu tapering in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods: A total of 87 cases of AS patients from Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital who were treated with Yisaipu and celecoxib were retrospectively analyzed from February 2013 to April 2017.All patients received full dose Yisaipu and celecoxib in the initial 12 weeks.After that, the patients in the full dose group maintained Yisaipu (50 mg/w) treatment from the 13(rd) to 24(th) week, while tapering group received Yisaipu 50 mg subcutaneous injection once every other week.By using AS disease activity score (ASDAS), Bath AS functional index (BASFI) and magnetic resonance (MR) score of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) plus recording adverse events, differences of efficacy and safety between groups were compared. Results: ASDAS and BASFI of tapering group were 1.1±0.7 and 1.3±1.1, while those of full dose group were 1.0±0.7 and 1.1±1.0, respectively.No significant difference of ASDAS or BASFI was found between groups.Besides, the MR scores of tapering and full dose groups were 8±7 and 8±6 respectively before therapy, while they were significantly lower in the 24(th) week (4±4 and 4±3, P<0.05). However, changes of MR score between groups were similar (P>0.05). Conclusion: Dose tapering of Yisaipu subcutaneous injection might be effective for keeping stable of disease activity and function in patients with AS.Its efficacy is similar to those of full dose Yisaipu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, China
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Li WF, Zhang RY, Huang YK, Pu CH, Yin J, Cang XY, Shan HL, Wang XY, Luo ZM. Loss of cane and sugar yield resulting from Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner damage in cane-growing regions in China. Bull Entomol Res 2018; 108:125-129. [PMID: 28693633 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485317000608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner is a major leaf pest of sugarcane. Widely distributed, it affects both the yield and quality of sugarcane in China. This study aimed to assess real yield and sugar yield losses, and the effect of C. lanigera damage on emergence of newly planted and ratoon cane under current production levels. Field experiments were carried out from 2014 to 2016 in Yunnan Province China. At maturity, plants were harvested and weighed to determine yield, and the effect on sugarcane quality and sucrose content analyzed. Real yield decreased by average of 46,185 kg hm-2 (range: 37,545-61,845 kg hm-2) in damaged versus undamaged areas, with an average yield loss rate of 35.9% (28.5-45.7%). Juice yield decreased by an average of 3.01% (2.4-4.13%) and sucrose content by 6.38% (5.48-8.16%). Juice brix decreased by an average of 7.66°BX (6.95-9.05°BX) and juice gravity purity by 12.35% (8.43-19.97%). In contrast, the reducing sugar content increased by an average of 1.21% (1.01-1.3%). Emergence rates of newly planted cane decreased by an average of 26.0% (24.7-27.3%). The emergence number of ratoon cane decreased by 66,834 hm2 (57,429-76,238 hm-2) and relative emergence loss rates of ratoon cane decreased by an average of 57.8% (57.6-58.0%). These findings confirm that C. lanigera damage severely affects sugarcane yield and quality in Yunnan Province. The results will help the implementation of effective control measures, thereby supporting sustainable development of the Chinese sugar industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- W F Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kaiyuan 661699,China
| | - R Y Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kaiyuan 661699,China
| | - Y K Huang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kaiyuan 661699,China
| | - C H Pu
- Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China
| | - J Yin
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kaiyuan 661699,China
| | - X Y Cang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kaiyuan 661699,China
| | - H L Shan
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kaiyuan 661699,China
| | - X Y Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kaiyuan 661699,China
| | - Z M Luo
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kaiyuan 661699,China
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Nikitin AM, Grinenko V, Sarkar R, Orain JC, Salis MV, Henke J, Huang YK, Klauss HH, Amato A, Visser AD. Macroscopic phase separation of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in Sr 0.5Ce 0.5FBiS 2-x Se x revealed by μSR. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17370. [PMID: 29234110 PMCID: PMC5727222 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17637-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The compound Sr0.5Ce0.5FBiS2 belongs to the intensively studied family of layered BiS2 superconductors. It attracts special attention because superconductivity at Tsc = 2.8 K was found to coexist with local-moment ferromagnetic order with a Curie temperature TC = 7.5 K. Recently it was reported that upon replacing S by Se TC drops and ferromagnetism becomes of an itinerant nature. At the same time Tsc increases and it was argued superconductivity coexists with itinerant ferromagnetism. Here we report a muon spin rotation and relaxation study (μSR) conducted to investigate the coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetic order in Sr0.5Ce0.5FBiS2−xSex with x = 0.5 and 1.0. By inspecting the muon asymmetry function we find that both phases do not coexist on the microscopic scale, but occupy different sample volumes. For x = 0.5 and x = 1.0 we find a ferromagnetic volume fraction of ~8 % and ~30 % at T = 0.25 K, well below TC = 3.4 K and TC = 3.3 K, respectively. For x = 1.0 (Tsc = 2.9 K) the superconducting phase occupies most (~64 %) of the remaining sample volume, as shown by transverse field experiments that probe the Gaussian damping due to the vortex lattice. We conclude ferromagnetism and superconductivity are macroscopically phase separated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Nikitin
- Van der Waals - Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Laboratory for Muon-Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
| | - V Grinenko
- Institute of Solid State and Materials Physics, Technical University Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - R Sarkar
- Institute of Solid State and Materials Physics, Technical University Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - J-C Orain
- Laboratory for Muon-Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - M V Salis
- Van der Waals - Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Henke
- Van der Waals - Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Y K Huang
- Van der Waals - Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H-H Klauss
- Institute of Solid State and Materials Physics, Technical University Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - A Amato
- Laboratory for Muon-Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - A de Visser
- Van der Waals - Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Gu SY, Ho CC, Huang YK, Chen HW, Wang YC, Kuo CY, Teng SC, Fu WM, Yang PC, Wu CW, Peng FC, Ling TY. Acquisition of tumorigenic potential and enhancement of angiogenesis in pulmonary stem/progenitor cells through Oct-4 hyperexpression. Oncotarget 2016; 7:13917-31. [PMID: 26871601 PMCID: PMC4924688 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells, also known as cancer initiating cells (CICs), are considered to be responsible for tumor growth and chemoresistance. Different hypotheses have been proposed to explain the origin of CICs, including mutations in adult stem/progenitor cells or the acquisition of stem-like characteristics in differentiated cells; however, studies have yielded conflicting identification for CICs and have little information for the origin to generate CICs. Part of the difficulty in identifying CICs may stem from the fact that the CICs studied have been largely derived from cancer cell lines or well-developed tumors. In previous studies, we have reported the enrichment of mouse pulmonary stem/progenitor cells (mPSCs) by using serum-free primary selection culture followed by FACS isolation using the coxsackievirus/adenovirus receptor (CAR) as the positive selection marker. Here, we demonstrated that overexpression of the pluripotent transcription factor Oct-4 is sufficient to induce CAR+/mPSCs transformation, which we name CAR+/mPSCsOct-4_hi. These transformed cells possess cancer initiating and chemoresistance potential, as well as exhibiting remarkable expression of certain proangiogenic factors, including angiopoietins (ANGs) and VEGF, and enhanced angiogenic potential. Moreover, CAR+/mPSCsOct-4_hi actively participated in tumor blood vessel formation and triggered a novel angiogenic mechanism, the angiopoietins/Tie2 signaling pathway. These study provide critical evidence supporting the possible origin to generate CICs, and help elucidate the pathways responsible for CICs-mediated blood vessel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sing-Yi Gu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Choa-Chi Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Kuo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Teng
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Mei Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wen Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chuo Peng
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Thai-Yen Ling
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Nikitin AM, Pan Y, Mao X, Jehee R, Araizi GK, Huang YK, Paulsen C, Wu SC, Yan BH, de Visser A. Magnetic and superconducting phase diagram of the half-Heusler topological semimetal HoPdBi. J Phys Condens Matter 2015; 27:275701. [PMID: 26086396 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/27/275701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a study of the magnetic and electronic properties of the non-centrosymmetric half-Heusler antiferromagnet HoPdBi (TN = 2.0 K). Magnetotransport measurements show HoPdBi has a semimetallic behavior with a carrier concentration n = 3.7 × 10(18) cm(-3) extracted from the Shubnikov-de Haas effect. The magnetic phase diagram in the field-temperature plane has been determined by transport, magnetization, and thermal expansion measurements: magnetic order is suppressed at BM ~ 3.6 T for T --> 0. Superconductivity with Tc ~ 1.9 K is found in the antiferromagnetic phase. Ac-susceptibility measurements provide solid evidence for bulk superconductivity below Tc = 0.75 K with a screening signal close to a volume fraction of 100%. The upper critical field shows an unusual linear temperature variation with Bc2(T --> 0) = 1.1 T. We also report electronic structure calculations that classify HoPdBi as a new topological semimetal, with a non-trivial band inversion of 0.25 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Nikitin
- Van der Waals - Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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14
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Abstract
Carrot (Daucus carota var. sativus) is one of the 10 most economically important vegetable crops in the world. Recently, stunted and yellowing carrots grown on sandy soil in several commercial fields were observed in Dongshan County, Fujian Province, China. Many round to irregular shaped lumps and swellings were present on the surface of tap and fibrous roots, often with secondary roots emerging from the galls on taproots. Severe infection caused short, stubby, forked taproots leading to losses in quality and marketability. Meloidogyne sp. females and egg masses were dissected from the galls. The perineal patterns from 20 females were oval shaped with moderate to high dorsal arches and mostly lacking obvious lateral lines. The second-stage juvenile mean body length (n = 20) was 416 (390 to 461) μm; lateral lips were large and triangular in face view; tail was thin and length was averaged 56.1 (49.8 to 62.1) μm, with a broad, bluntly rounded tip. These morphological characteristics matched the original description of M. enterolobii (5). Species identity was further explored by sequencing the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) region between COII and the lRNA genes using primers C2F3/MRH106 (GGTCAATGTTCAGAAATTTGTGG/AATTTCTAAAGACTTTTCTTA GT) (4). A DNA fragment of ~840 bp was obtained and the sequence (GenBank Accession No. KJ146864) was compared with those in GenBank using BLAST and was 100% identical to the sequences of M. enterolobii and M. mayaguensis, a synonym of M. enterolobii (4). Part of the rDNA spanning ITS1, 5.8S gene, ITS2 was amplified with primers V5367/26S (TTGATTACGTCCCTGCCCTTT/TTTCACTCGCCGTTACTAAGG) (3), and the sequence obtained (KJ146863) was 99 to 100% identical to sequences of M. enterolobii (KF418369.1, KF418370.1, JX024149.1, and JQ082448.1). For further confirmation, M. enterolobii specific primers Me-F/Me-R (AACTTTTGTGAAAGTGCCGCTG/TCAGTTCAGGCAGGATCAACC) (2) were used for amplification of the rDNA-IGS2 sequences of eight populations of the nematode from three localities. A 200-bp amplification product was produced by each population, whereas no product was amplified from control populations of M. incognita or M. javanica. A single product of ~320 bp was obtained using primers 63VNL/63VTH (GAAATTGCTTTATTGTTACTAAG/TAGCCACAGCAAAATAGTTTTC ) (1) from the mtDNA 63-bp repeat region for these populations, and the sequence (KJ146861) showed 100% identity with sequences of M. enterolobii (AJ421395.1, JF309159.1, and JF309160.1). Therefore, the population of Meloidogyne sp. on carrot was confirmed to be M. enterolobii. This nematode has been reported to infect more than 20 plant species belonging to seven families, including Annonaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Convolvulaceae, Fabaceae, Marantaceae, Myrtaceae, and Solanaceae in China. To our knowledge, this is the first report of infection of carrot by M. enterolobii and the first record of M. enterolobii parasitizing a plant in the family Apiaceae in China. M. enterolobii has been reported in Guangdong and Hainan provinces, China. This is the first report of M. enterolobii in Fujian Province, in southeast China. References: (1) V. C. Blok et al. Nematology 4:773, 2002. (2) H. Long et al. Acta Phytopathol. Sin. 36:109, 2006. (3) T. C. Vrain et al. Fundam. Appl. Nematol. 15:565, 1992. (4) J. Xu et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 110:309, 2004. (5) B. Yang and J. D. Eisenback. J. Nematol. 15:381, 1983.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - S Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Y K Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - X Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - S S Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - G K Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
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Ling TY, Liu YL, Huang YK, Gu SY, Chen HK, Ho CC, Tsao PN, Tung YC, Chen HW, Cheng CH, Lin KH, Lin FH. Differentiation of lung stem/progenitor cells into alveolar pneumocytes and induction of angiogenesis within a 3D gelatin--microbubble scaffold. Biomaterials 2014; 35:5660-9. [PMID: 24746968 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The inability to adequately vascularize tissues in vitro or in vivo is a major challenge in lung tissue engineering. A method that integrates stem cell research with 3D-scaffold engineering may provide a solution. We have successfully isolated mouse pulmonary stem/progenitor cells (mPSCs) by a two-step procedure and fabricated mPSC-compatible gelatin/microbubble-scaffolds using a 2-channel fluid jacket microfluidic device. We then integrated the cells and the scaffold to construct alveoli-like structures. The mPSCs expressed pro-angiogenic factors (e.g., b-FGF and VEGF) and induced angiogenesis in vitro in an endothelial cell tube formation assay. In addition, the mPSCs were able to proliferate along the inside of the scaffolds and differentiate into type-II and type-I pneumocytes The mPSC-seeded microbubble-scaffolds showed the potential for blood vessel formation in both a chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and in experiments for subcutaneous implantation in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Our results demonstrate that lung stem/progenitor cells together with gelatin microbubble-scaffolds promote angiogenesis as well as the differentiation of alveolar pneumocytes, resulting in an alveoli-like structure. These findings may help advance lung tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai-Yen Ling
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Liang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sing-Yi Gu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Kuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Choa-Chi Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Nien Tsao
- Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chung Tung
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Wen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Hsiang Cheng
- Department and Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Hui Lin
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lu WJ, Huang YK, Li WF. First Report of Smut of Saccharum arundinaceum Caused by Sporisorium sorghi in Yunnan, China. Plant Dis 2013; 97:686. [PMID: 30722194 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-11-0927-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Saccharum arundinaceum (Retz.) is a wild species of S. officinarum with good resistance to pests, diseases, drought, cold, and infertile soils, and has favorable tillering potential (4). Hybridization of S. arundinaceum with sugarcane may enable favorable characteristics of S. arundinaceum to be exploited, broadening the genetic base of sugarcane breeding. In May 2009, symptoms of a disease were observed on plants of S. arundinaceum at the National Nursery of Sugarcane Germplasm Resources in Yunnan Province, China, on approximately 10% of 120 plants within three germplasm collections of S. arundinaceum. The initial symptom was dwarfing, resulting in the spike heading 1 to 2 months earlier than on healthy plants. As infection progressed, the spikelet of each diseased plant became full of the black, powdery mass of fungal spores enclosed in an off-white membrane. Finally, the entire spike became severely infected. A Sporisorium sp. was isolated from diseased spike tissues that were surface-sterilized with 70% alcohol, then with 0.1% mercury chloride, dipped in sterilized water three times for 3 min each time, dried on sterilized absorbent paper, and placed onto potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 27 ± 2°C in the dark. Nine fungal isolates were identified as Sporisorium sorghi Ehrenberg ex. Link based on sorus morphology as well as spore morphology and color (1). Sori were cylindrical or oval and 2.5 to 12.0 mm in diameter. Spores were spherical, light olive-brown or black, and 5.0 to 9.0 × 4.0 to 8.5 mm. Preliminary morphological identification of the fungus was confirmed by PCR assay using genomic DNA extracted from the mycelia of pure cultures of each of nine isolates, which generated a 750-bp amplified region of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA using ITS1/ITS4 universal primers (3). The ITS region was then sequenced (GenBank Accession No. JX183795), and displayed 98% similarity with the ITS sequence of an isolate of S. sorghi from Sorghum bicolor from each of France (AF038828.1) and Germany (AY740021.1). A pathogenicity test was completed with the S. arundinaceum isolate of S. sorghi by spraying 20 ml of a spore suspension (104 conidia/ml) onto each of 10 stems (2) of S. arundinaceum in a field in February 2010. The spore suspension was prepared from 30-day-old cultures growing on PDA. Stems were inoculated approximately 4 cm above the ground, where each stem was cut with sterilized shears. For the control treatment, each of 10 cut stems was inoculated with 20 ml of sterilized water. Three replications of 10 stems were used for each treatment. Approximately 3.5 months after inoculation, symptoms began to appear on 18 of the 30 stems (three replicates of 10 stems) inoculated with the S. sorghi spore suspension, when heading occurred on the stems. Five months later, each entire spike exhibited symptoms. No symptoms were observed on control spikes of stems inoculated with water. S. sorghi was reisolated onto PDA from the tissues of diseased spikes on inoculated stems, and the reisolates were identified by PCR assay using ITS1/ITS4 universal primers, as described above. S. sorghi was not isolated from the spike tissues of the control plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of smut on S. arundinaceus caused by S. sorghi in Yunnan Province, China. References: (1) L. Guo. Flora Fungorum Sinicorum.12:51, 2000. (2) W. F. Li et al. Chinese Plant Prot. 34:127, 2008. (3) W. J. Lin et al. Chinese Agri. Sci. Bull. 23:293, 2007. (4) X. Lu et al. Southwest China J. Agric. Sci. 20:103, 2007.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Lu
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science, Kaiyuan, 661600, China, and Biotechnology and Genetic Germplasm Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Y K Huang
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, 661600, China
| | - W F Li
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan, 661600, China
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Wu JS, Huang YK, Wu FL, Lin DY. Design and implementation of a versatile and variable-frequency piezoelectric coefficient measurement system. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:085110. [PMID: 22938335 DOI: 10.1063/1.4746769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a simple but versatile piezoelectric coefficient measurement system, which can measure the longitudinal and transverse piezoelectric coefficients in the pressing and bending modes, respectively, at different applied forces and a wide range of frequencies. The functionality of this measurement system has been demonstrated on three samples, including a PbZr(0.52)Ti(0.48)O(3) (PZT) piezoelectric ceramic bulk, a ZnO thin film, and a laminated piezoelectric film sensor. The static longitudinal piezoelectric coefficients of the PZT bulk and the ZnO film are estimated to be around 210 and 8.1 pC/N, respectively. The static transverse piezoelectric coefficients of the ZnO film and the piezoelectric film sensor are determined to be, respectively, -0.284 and -0.031 C/m(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Wu
- Department of Electronics Engineering, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan
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18
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Bay TV, Naka T, Huang YK, Luigjes H, Golden MS, de Visser A. Superconductivity in the doped topological insulator Cu{x}Bi{2}Se{3} under high pressure. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:057001. [PMID: 22400952 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.057001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report a high-pressure single crystal study of the topological superconductor Cu{x}Bi{2}Se{3}. Resistivity measurements under pressure show superconductivity is depressed smoothly. At the same time the metallic behavior is gradually lost. The upper-critical field data B{c2}(T) under pressure collapse onto a universal curve. The absence of Pauli limiting and the comparison of B{c2}(T) to a polar-state function point to spin-triplet superconductivity, but an anisotropic spin-singlet state cannot be discarded completely.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Bay
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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Yaman F, Bai N, Huang YK, Huang MF, Zhu B, Wang T, Li G. 10 x 112Gb/s PDM-QPSK transmission over 5032 km in few-mode fibers. Opt Express 2010; 18:21342-9. [PMID: 20941030 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.021342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Few-mode fibers (FMFs) are used for the first time to transmit over 5000 km. Ten WDM channels with 50GHz channel spacing at 112 Gb/s per channel using PDM-QPSK are launched into the fundamental mode of the FMFs by splicing single-mode fibers directly to the FMFs. Even though few-mode fibers can support an additional spatial mode LP(11) at 1550 nm, the signal remains in the fundamental mode and does not experience mode coupling throughout fiber transmission. After each span the signal is collected by a second single-mode fiber which is also spliced to the FMF. Span loss is compensated by single-mode EDFAs before it is launched to the next FMF span. The lack of mode coupling ensures that the signal does not suffer any impairments that may result from differential mode delay or excess loss. Therefore the FMFs used in this "single-mode operation" have the same bandwidth as single-mode fibers. Experimental results verified that FMFs have the significant advantage of large core size which reduces the nonlinear impairments suffered by the signal. It is shown that FMFs with an effective area of 130 μm(2), have an optimum launch power 2 dB higher compared to standard single-mode fibers and as a result a 1.1 dB improvement in the Q-factor is obtained after 3000 km.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Yaman
- NEC Laboratories America, Inc. 4 Independence Way, Suite 200 Princeton, NJ 0854, USA.
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20
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Slooten E, Naka T, Gasparini A, Huang YK, de Visser A. Enhancement of superconductivity near the ferromagnetic quantum critical point in UCoGe. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:097003. [PMID: 19792821 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.097003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report a high-pressure single crystal study of the superconducting ferromagnet UCoGe. Measurements of the ac susceptibility and resistivity under pressures up to 2.2 GPa show ferromagnetism is smoothly depressed and vanishes at a critical pressure p(c) = 1.4 GPa. Near the ferromagnetic critical point superconductivity is enhanced. Upper-critical field measurements under pressure show B(c2)(0) attains remarkably large values, which provides solid evidence for spin-triplet superconductivity over the whole pressure range. The obtained p-T phase diagram reveals superconductivity is closely connected to a ferromagnetic quantum-critical point hidden under the superconducting "dome."
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Affiliation(s)
- E Slooten
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Valckenierstraat 65, 1018 XE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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21
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Huy NT, de Nijs DE, Huang YK, de Visser A. Unusual upper critical field of the ferromagnetic superconductor UCoGe. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:077002. [PMID: 18352587 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.077002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report upper critical field B(c2)(T) measurements on a single-crystalline sample of the ferromagnetic superconductor UCoGe. B(c2)(0) obtained for fields applied along the orthorhombic axes exceeds the Pauli limit for B parallela,b and shows a strong anisotropy B(c2)(a) approximately B(c2)(b)>>B(c2)(c). This provides evidence for an equal-spin pairing state and a superconducting gap function of axial symmetry with point nodes along the c axis, which is also the direction of the uniaxial ferromagnetic moment m(0)=0.07micro(B). An unusual curvature or kink is observed in the temperature variation of B(c2) which possibly indicates UCoGe is a two-band ferromagnetic superconductor.
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Affiliation(s)
- N T Huy
- Van der Waals-Zeeman Institute, University of Amsterdam, Valckenierstraat 65, 1018 XE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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22
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Liu FJ, Chou KS, Huang YK. A novel method to make regenerable core-shell calcium-based sorbents. J Environ Manage 2006; 79:51-6. [PMID: 16171938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2004] [Revised: 05/24/2005] [Accepted: 05/30/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A sorbent having a calcium oxide core and a clay shell was prepared and shown to be capable of reusable applications in absorption and desorption processes for carbon dioxide. The novelty of this sorbent is that only calcium carbonate and clay are used for its preparation with water as a binder. A two-step granulation procedure is used to get the core and then another step to coat the shell layer with the clay powder. A repeated wet-and-dry procedure probably makes the core porous yet strong enough to serve as a sorbent. The pellet is then calcined at 1200 degrees C for 2h to reach its final structure. The core-shell pellets have an overall diameter of 4.4mm with average shell thickness of 0.45 mm, crush load of 35 N and attrition index of 0.035 wt%/h. These results indicate that the pellets will probably be capable of withstanding the stress in future applications. Carbon dioxide absorption at or below 300 degrees C showed a maximum weight gain of 38% for our pellets. Finally, desorption in nitrogen at 800 degrees C can restore the pellet to its original state and hence it is ready for re-use as a sorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, 1 Lien Da, Kung-Ching Li, Miao-Li 36003, Taiwan, ROC.
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Abstract
Mycotic aneurysms are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in endocarditis despite advanced antibiotic therapy. Visceral artery aneurysms are uncommon and usually remain clinically silent until rupture. We now report a case of successful surgical treatment of a superior mesenteric mycotic aneurysm of the superior mesenteric artery, followed by a review of pertinent clinical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Huang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Shieh YH, Liu CF, Huang YK, Yang JY, Wu IL, Lin CH, Li SC. Evaluation of the hepatic and renal-protective effects of Ganoderma lucidum in mice. Am J Chin Med 2002; 29:501-7. [PMID: 11789593 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x01000526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidative effect of hot water extract of the mushroom Ganoderma lucidum on ethanol-induced free radical generation had been studied. In order to further investigate the hepatic and renal protective mechanism of Ganoderma lucidum, rates of lipid peroxidation were determined. The hot water extract of Ganoderma lucidum dose-dependently exhibited antioxidative effect on mouse liver and kidney lipid peroxidation; our results indicated that hepatic and renal homogenates have a higher malonic dialdehyde level in an ethanol administered group than in the Ganoderma lucidum treated group. It was concluded that the hepatic and renal protective mechanism of Ganoderma lucidum, might be due at least in part to its prominent superoxide scavenging effect. Ganoderma extract could protect the liver and kidney from superoxide induced hepatic and renal damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Shieh
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
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Emerson SU, Zhang M, Meng XJ, Nguyen H, St Claire M, Govindarajan S, Huang YK, Purcell RH. Recombinant hepatitis E virus genomes infectious for primates: importance of capping and discovery of a cis-reactive element. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:15270-5. [PMID: 11742081 PMCID: PMC65019 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.251555098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus recombinant genomes transcribed in vitro from two cDNA clones differing by two nucleotides were infectious for chimpanzees. However, one cDNA clone encoded a virus that was attenuated for chimpanzees and unable to infect rhesus monkeys. The second cDNA clone encoded a virus that infected both chimpanzees and rhesus monkeys and caused acute hepatitis in both. One mutation differentiating the two clones identified a cis-reactive element that appeared to overlap the 3' end of the capsid gene and part of the 3' noncoding region. Capping of the RNA transcripts was essential for infectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S U Emerson
- Molecular Hepatitis and Hepatitis Viruses Sections, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Chen JC, Liang KW, Huang YK, Liang CS, Chiang YC. Significance of glutamate and dopamine neurons in the ventral pallidum in the expression of behavioral sensitization to amphetamine. Life Sci 2001; 68:973-83. [PMID: 11212872 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(00)00995-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To explore the significance of ventral pallidum (VP) during the amphetamine sensitization, we first investigated if there are neurochemical alterations in the VP during amphetamine withdrawal period. Chronic amphetamine-treated (5 mg/kg x 14 days) rats displayed an apparent locomotion sensitization as compared with saline controls when challenged with 2 mg/kg amphetamine at withdrawal days 10-14. A microdialysis analysis revealed that output of the dopamine metabolites, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid, in the VP of amphetamine-sensitized rats increased approximately two-fold as compared to controls at both pre- and post-amphetamine challenge period. On the other hand, the in vivo glutamate output in the VP increased upon amphetamine challenge in the behaviorally sensitized rats, but not in the controls. To evaluate if drug manipulation in the VP would affect the behavioral sensitization, we treated both groups of rats with NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801 (5 microg/microl for 5 days; bilateral) in the VP during withdrawal days 6-10. Animals were challenged with 2 mg/kg amphetamine at withdrawal day 11. The behavioral profile exhibited that MK-801 pre-treatment significantly blocked the locomotion hyperactivity in amphetamine-sensitized rats. Taken together, the current results suggest that the excitatory amino acid in the VP plays a significant role during the expression of behavioral sensitization to amphetamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Chang-Gung University, Tao-Yuian, Taiwan, ROC.
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Chen HD, Huang YK, Ault K, Wong GW, Lin MC, Chen HC, Kung HF. Molecular basis for differing antineurogenic effects of GATA-1a and GATA-1b in Xenopus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 273:614-20. [PMID: 10873654 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.2988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The erythroid transcription factor GATA-1 in Xenopus has been cloned as a pair of presumably duplicated genes designated as xGATA-1a and xGATA-1b. Although both xGATA-1a and xGATA-1b are able to stimulate erythropoiesis, only xGATA-1b is capable of inhibiting neurogenesis in Xenopus embryos. Chimeras of these two genes were constructed by permuting coding and untranslated regions (UTR) on both ends of these two xGATA-1, and their neurogenesis-inhibitory effects were studied. These results reveal that (1) sequence variations between the coding regions alone do not account for the neurogenesis effect; (2) 3' UTR of xGATA-1a causes the loss of the neurogenesis inhibition of xGATA-1b; (3) 3' UTR of xGATA-1b is essential to inhibit neurogenesis. In addition, the presence of either UTR does not affect the stability of the mRNA in vitro. These observations suggest the influence of 3' UTR in xGATA-1 on the inhibition of neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Chen
- Endocrinology and Reproduction Research Branch, NICHD, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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Chen JC, Li JY, Liang KW, Huang YK. Neuropeptide FF potentiates the behavioral sensitization to amphetamine and alters the levels of neurotransmitters in the medial prefrontal cortex. Brain Res 1999; 816:220-4. [PMID: 9878747 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(98)01108-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We have demonstrated that chronic administration of neuropeptide FF (NPFF) into the lateral ventricle potentiated the behavioral sensitization to amphetamine. Further, the treatment with NPFF decreased the levels of serotonin, and increased the glutamate and GABA content in the medial prefrontal cortex of amphetamine-sensitized rats. The results suggest that NPFF may modulate the neuronal process of amphetamine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Chen
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Chang-Gung University, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan.
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Abstract
The 2A gene of hepatitis A virus (HAV) bears no obvious similarity to the corresponding genes of other picornaviruses and has no known function. In a preliminary effort to gain information about the HAV 2A gene product, we constructed several HAV cDNAs containing deletions of 30 or 45 nucleotides in the predicted central portion of the 2A gene. These deletions did not affect the sites of protein processing, although the rates or efficiencies of polyprotein cleavage at the surrounding cleavage junctions appeared slightly reduced. Transfection of FRhK-4 cells with RNA transcripts of the deleted HAV cDNAs generated small foci of infected cells and produced infectious virus that retained the deletion mutations. In contrast, a single amino acid insertion in the 2B coding region was lethal to virus replication despite normal protein processing. Another deletion, which included the predicted 2A/2B junction and extended into the 2B coding sequence, did not support polyprotein processing or generate viable virus. One of the viable internal 2A deletions was introduced into a wild-type HAV cDNA background, and transcripts were tested for infectivity by inoculation directly into the livers of two marmosets. Both animals seroconverted, displayed elevated serum liver enzymes, and excreted infectious virus. Thus, deletion of 10 or 15 amino acid residues from the predicted central portion of the 2A protein was tolerated with only relatively minor effects on the growth of HAV in cultured cells and in marmoset liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Harmon
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine 92717, USA
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Emerson SU, Huang YK, Purcell RH. 2B and 2C mutations are essential but mutations throughout the genome of HAV contribute to adaptation to cell culture. Virology 1993; 194:475-80. [PMID: 8389072 DOI: 10.1006/viro.1993.1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Chimeric viruses constructed from various portions of two infectious cDNA clones representing the genomes of the wild-type and cell culture-adapted mutants of the HM-175 strain of hepatitis A virus were compared for their ability to replicate in cultures of fetal rhesus kidney cells. Mutations located in either the 5' or 3' third of the genome could markedly enhance growth in vitro but only when they were combined with mutations in the P2 region within either the 2B or the 2C gene. Therefore, mutations in 2B and 2C are essential for cell culture adaptation but mutations elsewhere in the genome also contribute significantly to the enhanced growth rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S U Emerson
- Hepatitis Viruses Section, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Emerson SU, Huang YK, McRill C, Lewis M, Purcell RH. Mutations in both the 2B and 2C genes of hepatitis A virus are involved in adaptation to growth in cell culture. J Virol 1992; 66:650-4. [PMID: 1309907 PMCID: PMC240763 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.66.2.650-654.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis of an infectious cDNA clone of wild-type hepatitis A virus was performed to determine which mutations acquired in the nonstructural 2B and 2C genes during adaptation to growth in cell culture were effective in enhancing virus growth in vitro. Results of transfection assays demonstrated that one mutation in the 2B gene and two mutations in the 2C gene were responsible for an increased efficiency in growth, but growth enhancement required the participation of at least two of the three mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S U Emerson
- Hepatitis Viruses Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Emerson SU, Huang YK, McRill C, Lewis M, Shapiro M, London WT, Purcell RH. Molecular basis of virulence and growth of hepatitis A virus in cell culture. Vaccine 1992; 10 Suppl 1:S36-9. [PMID: 1335656 DOI: 10.1016/0264-410x(92)90539-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The ability of engineering variants of hepatitis A virus (strain HM175) to replicate in cell culture or to cause disease in marmosets was evaluated. Virus variants were encoded by chimeric genomes constructed from infectious cDNA clones of two viruses (wild type and cell-culture-adapted) which differed in their ability to grow in vitro and to cause acute hepatitis in marmosets. Transfection and infectivity assays indicated that virus growth in vitro could be enhanced by subcloning the cell substrate prior to infection or by introducing multiple combinations of two or more mutations into the wild type genome. Various chimeric viruses induced liver enzyme elevations in marmosets, indicating that attenuation of virulence also required multiple mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S U Emerson
- Hepatitis Virus Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Huang YK, Kung HF, Kamata T. Purification of a factor capable of stimulating the guanine nucleotide exchange reaction of ras proteins and its effect on ras-related small molecular mass G proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990; 87:8008-12. [PMID: 2172971 PMCID: PMC54881 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.20.8008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously identified a membrane factor capable of stimulating guanine nucleotide exchange activity for ras p21 proteins. The ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor (rGEF) was purified from bovine brain to near homogeneity by successive chromatographies on DE52 DEAE-cellulose, Sepharose 6B, hydroxylapatite, and FPLC phenyl-Superose resins. SDS/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified rGEF showed a single major protein with a molecular mass of 35 kDa. rGEF increased the exchange rate of GDP in normal [Gly12]p21 or oncogenic [Val12]p21 up to 30- to 40-fold under physiological concentrations of Mg2+. Since the factor was free from GDP/GTP binding activity and nonspecific GDP hydrolytic activity, we propose that rGEF may regulate GDP/GTP exchange reaction of ras proteins in response to external growth signals. Moreover, rGEF enhanced the dissociation of bound GDP from some of ras-like G proteins, R-ras, rap1-A, rab1-B, and rho proteins, raising the possibility that rGEF may affect the activities of these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Huang
- Biological Carcinogenesis and Development Program, Program Resources, Inc
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Smokers RT, Kadowaki K, Huang YK, Menovsky AA. Macroscopic quantum phenomena in high-Tc superconducting material. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1987; 35:8858-8860. [PMID: 9941275 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.35.8858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Chelly JE, Doursout MF, Hartley CJ, Huang YK, Buckley JP. Hemodynamic effects of the intraventricular administration of angiotensin II and renin in awake dogs. Clin Exp Hypertens A 1985; 7:1083-95. [PMID: 3899420 DOI: 10.3109/10641968509073576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to investigate the hemodynamic changes induced by intraventricular injections of angiotensin II (A-II), 1 to 100 ng/kg/min, and renin in doses of 0.025 to 0.3 units (u) in conscious instrumented dogs. Angiotensin II produced a dose-related increase in mean arterial pressure; however, only the highest dose produced a significant increase of 23 +/- 6 mmHg. In contrast, renin did not significantly alter mean arterial pressure in the doses administered but 0.1 and 0.3 u induced a significant increase in systolic arterial blood pressure of 10 +/- 2 and 17 +/- 4 mmHg, respectively. Neither A-II nor renin affected heart rate, dP/dt or carotid, coronary or renal blood flows. These data suggest that in conscious dogs, the threshold level of A-II necessary to induce substantial hemodynamic changes is greater than the amount of A-II that can be acutely generated by activation of angiotensinogen. In addition, the present data suggest that the magnitude of the response is dependent on the availability of the substrate rather than the dose of renin injected centrally into conscious dogs.
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Huang YK. [Clinical observation on synephrine and N-methyltyramine in the treatment of 53 cases with shock]. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1984; 4:95-6. [PMID: 6235052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Scalera V, Huang YK, Hildmann B, Murer H. A simple isolation method for basal-lateral plasma membranes from rat kidney cortex. Membr Biochem 1981; 4:49-61. [PMID: 6261079 DOI: 10.3109/09687688109065422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Basal-lateral membranes were separated in a self-orienting Percoll (modified colloidal silica) gradient from a heavy microsomal membrane fraction by centrifugation at 48,000g for 0.5 h. The (Na+--K+)-ATPase activity as a marker enzyme for the basal-lateral plasma membrane was 20-fold enriched by this procedure. The adenylate-cyclase activity measured in the basal-lateral membrane fraction was stimulated 6-fold by parathyrin and only up to 1.5-fold by arginine-vasopressin, calcitonin, or isoproterenol. The yield of basal-lateral plasma membranes was 5 to 10 percent of the amount initially present in the homogenate. The method is also applicable to the pig kidney.
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Teng SW, Huang YK, Chang SI, Chen YH, Huang YJ. [Improving children's understanding of body organs: an evaluation of teaching material design]. Hu Li Za Zhi 1978; 25:89-98. [PMID: 255582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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