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Villalba A, Gitton Y, Inoue M, Aiello V, Blain R, Toupin M, Mazaud-Guittot S, Rachdi L, Semb H, Chédotal A, Scharfmann R. A 3D atlas of the human developing pancreas to explore progenitor proliferation and differentiation. Diabetologia 2024; 67:1066-1078. [PMID: 38630142 PMCID: PMC11058870 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Rodent pancreas development has been described in great detail. On the other hand, there are still gaps in our understanding of the developmental trajectories of pancreatic cells during human ontogenesis. Here, our aim was to map the spatial and chronological dynamics of human pancreatic cell differentiation and proliferation by using 3D imaging of cleared human embryonic and fetal pancreases. METHODS We combined tissue clearing with light-sheet fluorescence imaging in human embryonic and fetal pancreases during the first trimester of pregnancy. In addition, we validated an explant culture system enabling in vitro proliferation of pancreatic progenitors to determine the mitogenic effect of candidate molecules. RESULTS We detected the first insulin-positive cells as early as five post-conceptional weeks, two weeks earlier than previously observed. We observed few insulin-positive clusters at five post-conceptional weeks (mean ± SD 9.25±5.65) with a sharp increase to 11 post-conceptional weeks (4307±152.34). We identified a central niche as the location of onset of the earliest insulin cell production and detected extra-pancreatic loci within the adjacent developing gut. Conversely, proliferating pancreatic progenitors were located in the periphery of the epithelium, suggesting the existence of two separated pancreatic niches for differentiation and proliferation. Additionally, we observed that the proliferation ratio of progenitors ranged between 20% and 30%, while for insulin-positive cells it was 1%. We next unveiled a mitogenic effect of the platelet-derived growth factor AA isoform (PDGFAA) in progenitors acting through the pancreatic mesenchyme by increasing threefold the number of proliferating progenitors. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION This work presents a first 3D atlas of the human developing pancreas, charting both endocrine and proliferating cells across early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Villalba
- Institut Cochin, CNRS, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Yorick Gitton
- Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Megumi Inoue
- Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Aiello
- Institut Cochin, CNRS, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Blain
- Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Maryne Toupin
- Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Séverine Mazaud-Guittot
- Inserm, EHESP, IRSET (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, Université Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Latif Rachdi
- Institut Cochin, CNRS, Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Henrik Semb
- Institute of Translational Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Alain Chédotal
- Inserm, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
- Institut de pathologie, groupe hospitalier Est, hospices civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
- MeLiS, CNRS UMR5284, Inserm U1314, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
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Badr OI, Kamal MM, El-Maraghy SA, Ghaiad HR. The effect of diabetes mellitus on differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into insulin-producing cells. Biol Res 2024; 57:20. [PMID: 38698488 PMCID: PMC11067316 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00502-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global epidemic with increasing incidences. DM is a metabolic disease associated with chronic hyperglycemia. Aside from conventional treatments, there is no clinically approved cure for DM up till now. Differentiating mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) is a promising approach for curing DM. Our study was conducted to investigate the effect of DM on MSCs differentiation into IPCs in vivo and in vitro. METHODS We isolated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (Ad-MSCs) from the epididymal fat of normal and STZ-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley male rats. Afterwards, the in vitro differentiation of normal-Ad-MSCs (N-Ad-MSCs) and diabetic-Ad-MSCs (DM-Ad-MSCs) into IPCs was compared morphologically then through determining the gene expression of β-cell markers including neurogenin-3 (Ngn-3), homeobox protein (Nkx6.1), musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A (MafA), and insulin-1 (Ins-1) and eventually, through performing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion test (GSIS). Finally, the therapeutic potential of N-Ad-MSCs and DM-Ad-MSCs transplantation was compared in vivo in STZ-induced diabetic animals. RESULTS Our results showed no significant difference in the characteristics of N-Ad-MSCs and DM-Ad-MSCs. However, we demonstrated a significant difference in their abilities to differentiate into IPCs in vitro morphologically in addition to β-cell markers expression, and functional assessment via GSIS test. Furthermore, the abilities of both Ad-MSCs to control hyperglycemia in diabetic rats in vivo was assessed through measuring fasting blood glucose (FBGs), body weight (BW), histopathological examination of both pancreas and liver and immunoexpression of insulin in pancreata of study groups. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal the effectiveness of N-Ad-MSCs in differentiating into IPCs in vitro and controlling the hyperglycemia of STZ-induced diabetic rats in vivo compared to DM-Ad-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar I Badr
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Kamal
- Pharmacology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
- Drug Research and Development Group, Health Research Center of Excellence, The British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shohda A El-Maraghy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba R Ghaiad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Aglan HA, Kotob SE, Mahmoud NS, Kishta MS, Ahmed HH. Bone marrow stem cell-derived β-cells: New issue for diabetes cell therapy. Tissue Cell 2024; 86:102280. [PMID: 38029457 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
This investigation aimed to establish the promising role of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) growing from bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in relieving hyperglycemia induced in rats. BM-MSCs were differentiated into IPCs using three different protocols. The efficiency of BM-MSCs differentiation into IPCs in vitro was confirmed by detecting IPCs specific gene expression (Foxa-2, PDX-1 and Ngn-3) and insulin release assay. The in vivo study design included 3 groups of male Wistar rats; negative control group, diabetic group and IPCs-transfused group (5 ×106 cells of the most functional IPCs/rat). One month after IPCs infusion, serum glucose, insulin, c-peptide and visfatin levels as well as pancreatic glucagon level were quantified. Gene expression analysis of pancreatic Foxa-2 and Sox-17, IGF-1 and FGF-10 was done. Additionally, histological investigation of pancreatic tissue sections was performed. Our data clarified that, the most functional IPCs are those generated from BM-MSCs using differentiation protocol 3 as indicated by the significant up-regulation of Foxa-2, PDX-1 and Ngn-3 gene expression levels. These findings were further emphasized by releasing of a significant amount of insulin in response to glucose load. The transplantation of the IPCs in diabetic rats elicited significant decline in serum glucose, visfatin and pancreatic glucagon levels along with significant rise in serum insulin and c-peptide levels. Moreover, it triggered significant up-regulation in the expression levels of pancreatic Foxa-2, Sox-17, IGF-1 and FGF-10 genes versus the untreated diabetic counterpart. The histopathological examination of pancreatic tissue almost assisted the biochemical and molecular genetic analyses. These results disclose that the cell therapy holds potential to develop a new cure for DM based on the capability of BM-MSCs to generate β-cell phenotype using specific protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer A Aglan
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt; Stem Cell Lab., Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Soheir E Kotob
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nadia S Mahmoud
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt; Stem Cell Lab., Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Kishta
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt; Stem Cell Lab., Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanaa H Ahmed
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt; Stem Cell Lab., Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Ghoneim MA, Gabr MM, El-Halawani SM, Refaie AF. Current status of stem cell therapy for type 1 diabetes: a critique and a prospective consideration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:23. [PMID: 38281991 PMCID: PMC10823744 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03636-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, there had been progress in the development of cell therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes. Nevertheless, important hurdles that need to be overcome still remain. Protocols for the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into pancreatic progenitors or fully differentiated β-cells have been developed. The resulting insulin-producing cells can control chemically induced diabetes in rodents and were the subject of several clinical trials. However, these cells are immunogenic and possibly teratogenic for their transplantation, and an immunoisolation device and/or immunosuppression is needed. A growing number of studies have utilized genetic manipulations to produce immune evasive cells. Evidence must be provided that in addition to the expected benefit, gene manipulations should not lead to any unforeseen complications. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) can provide a viable alternative. MSCs are widely available from many tissues. They can form insulin-producing cells by directed differentiation. Experimentally, evidence has shown that the transplantation of allogenic insulin-producing cells derived from MSCs is associated with a muted allogeneic response that does not interfere with their functionality. This can be explained by the immunomodulatory functions of the MSC subpopulation that did not differentiate into insulin-producing cells. Recently, exosomes derived from naive MSCs have been used in the experimental domain to treat diabetes in rodents with varying degrees of success. Several mechanisms for their beneficial functions were proposed including a reduction in insulin resistance, the promotion of autophagy, and an increase in the T regulatory population. However, euglycemia was not achieved in any of these experiments. We suggest that exosomes derived from β-cells or insulin-producing cells (educated) can provide a better therapeutic effect than those derived from undifferentiated cells.
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Xie T, Huang Q, Huang Q, Huang Y, Liu S, Zeng H, Liu J. Dysregulated lncRNAs regulate human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into insulin-producing cells by forming a regulatory network with mRNAs. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:22. [PMID: 38273351 PMCID: PMC10809572 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03572-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years, cell therapy has emerged as a new research direction in the treatment of diabetes. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation necessary to form such treatment have not been clarified. METHODS In this study, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) isolated from newborns were progressively induced into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) using small molecules. HUC-MSC (S0) and four induced stage (S1-S4) samples were prepared. We then performed transcriptome sequencing experiments to obtain the dynamic expression profiles of both mRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). RESULTS We found that the number of differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs trended downwards during differentiation. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that the target genes of differentially expressed lncRNAs were associated with translation, cell adhesion, and cell connection. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that the NF-KB signalling pathway, MAPK signalling pathway, HIPPO signalling pathway, PI3K-Akt signalling pathway, and p53 signalling pathway were enriched in these differentially expressed lncRNA-targeting genes. We also found that the coexpression of the lncRNA CTBP1-AS2 with PROX1 and the lncRNAs AC009014.3 and GS1-72M22.1 with JARID2 mRNA was related to the development of pancreatic beta cells. Moreover, the coexpression of the lncRNAs: XLOC_ 050969, LINC00883, XLOC_050981, XLOC_050925, MAP3K14- AS1, RP11-148K1.12, and CTD2020K17.3 with p53, regulated insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells. CONCLUSION In this study, HUC-MSCs combined with small molecule compounds were successfully induced into IPCs. Differentially expressed lncRNAs may regulate the insulin secretion of pancreatic beta cells by regulating multiple signalling pathways. The lncRNAs AC009014.3, Gs1-72m21.1, and CTBP1-AS2 may be involved in the development of pancreatic beta cells, and the lncRNAs: XLOC_050969, LINC00883, XLOC_050981, XLOC_050925, MAP3K14-AS1, RP11-148K1.12, and CTD2020K17.3 may be involved in regulating the insulin secretion of pancreatic beta cells, thus providing a lncRNA catalogue for future research regarding the mechanism of the transdifferentiation of HUC-MSCs into IPCs. It also provides a new theoretical basis for the transplantation of insulin-producing cells into diabetic patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqin Xie
- Department of Endocrinology Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Qiming Huang
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translation Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang of Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiulan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Yanting Huang
- Department of Endocrinology Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Haixia Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang of Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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Mardomi A, Mohammadi N, Ahmadzadeh F, Abediankenari S. CTLA4-Ig alleviates the allogeneic immune responses against insulin-producing cells in a murine model of cell transplantation. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2023; 396:3195-3206. [PMID: 37231171 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02527-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The adoptive transfer of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) is one of the promising treatments for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. While the use of allogeneic cell resources is inevitable in the case of a series of patients, alloimmune responses are a major barrier ahead of the successful implementation of allogeneic therapeutic cells. This study is aimed at evaluating the potential of CTLA4-Ig, as an approved immunomodulatory biologic, in protecting the IPCs against allogeneic immune responses. The C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice were used to establish a murine model of allogeneic cell transplantation. The mouse bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were in vitro differentiated into IPCs, and the in vitro as well as the in vivo immune responses against IPCs were evaluated in the presence and absence of CTLA4-Ig. The allogeneic IPCs induced the in vitro activation of CD4+ T-cells, IFN-γ release, and the proliferation of lymphocytes, which all were controlled by CTLA4-Ig. Upon in vivo transfer of IPC into an allogeneic host, the splenic CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells exhibited a significant activation, and there was a significant donor-specific antibody response. Either of the mentioned cellular and humoral responses were modulated by a CTLA4-Ig regimen. This regimen also reduced the infiltration of CD3+ T-cells into the IPC injection site along with the improved overall survival of diabetic mice. CTLA4-Ig could be a complementary therapy for improving the efficacy of allogeneic IPC therapy through modulating the cellular and humoral responses that can lead to prolonged durability of IPCs within an allogeneic host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mardomi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nabiallah Mohammadi
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ahmadzadeh
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Saeid Abediankenari
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Jeong JH, Park KN, Kim JH, Noh K, Hur SS, Kim Y, Hong M, Chung JC, Park JH, Lee J, Son YI, Lee JH, Kim SH, Hwang Y. Self-organized insulin-producing β-cells differentiated from human omentum-derived stem cells and their in vivo therapeutic potential. Biomater Res 2023; 27:82. [PMID: 37644502 PMCID: PMC10466773 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00419-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human omentum-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hO-MSCs) possess great potential to differentiate into multiple lineages and have self-renewal capacity, allowing them to be utilized as patient-specific cell-based therapeutics. Although the use of various stem cell-derived β-cells has been proposed as a novel approach for treating diabetes mellitus, developing an efficient method to establish highly functional β-cells remains challenging. METHODS We aimed to develop a novel cell culture platform that utilizes a fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2)-immobilized matrix to regulate the adhesion and differentiation of hO-MSCs into insulin-producing β-cells via cell-matrix/cell-cell interactions. In our study, we evaluated the in vitro differentiation potential of hO-MSCs cultured on an FGF2-immobilized matrix and a round-bottom plate (RBP). Further, the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of the β-cells transplanted into kidney capsules was evaluated using animal models with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. RESULTS Our findings demonstrated that cells cultured on an FGF2-immobilized matrix could self-organize into insulin-producing β-cell progenitors, as evident from the upregulation of pancreatic β-cell-specific markers (PDX-1, Insulin, and Glut-2). Moreover, we observed significant upregulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan, gap junction proteins (Cx36 and Cx43), and cell adhesion molecules (E-cadherin and Ncam1) in cells cultured on the FGF2-immobilized matrix. In addition, in vivo transplantation of differentiated β-cells into animal models of STZ-induced diabetes revealed their survival and engraftment as well as glucose-sensitive production of insulin within the host microenvironment, at over 4 weeks after transplantation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the FGF2-immobilized matrix can support initial cell adhesion, maturation, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion within the host microenvironment. Such a cell culture platform can offer novel strategies to obtain functional pancreatic β-cells from patient-specific cell sources, ultimately enabling better treatment for diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Jeong
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam-Do, 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam-Do, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Nam Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, 14584, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Kim
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam-Do, 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - KyungMu Noh
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam-Do, 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam-Do, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Sik Hur
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam-Do, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunhye Kim
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam-Do, 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam-Do, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonju Hong
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam-Do, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Chul Chung
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, 14584, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hong Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsoon Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam-Do, 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam-Do, 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ik Son
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hun Lee
- Department of Bionano Engineering, Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Heon Kim
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Bio-Med Engineering, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yongsung Hwang
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam-Do, 31151, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam-Do, 31538, Republic of Korea.
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Hojjat A, Mansour RN, Enderami SE, Hassannia H, Mahdavi M, Mellati A, Mehdipour Chari K, Salarinia R, Saburi E. The differentiation and generation of glucose-sensitive beta like-cells from menstrual blood-derived stem cells using an optimized differentiation medium with platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Acta Histochem 2023; 125:152025. [PMID: 37058856 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Regarding their reversible damage of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) and the inefficiency of treatment methods for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), scientists decided to produce IPCs from an unlimited source of cells. But the production of these cells is constantly faced with problems such as low differentiation efficiency in cell therapy and regenerative medicine. This study provided an ideal differentiation medium enriched with plasma-rich platelet (PRP) delivery to produce IPCs from menstrual blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs). We compared them with and without PRP differentiation medium. MenSCs were then cultured in two experimental groups: with/without PRP differentiation medium and a control group (undifferentiated MenSCs). After 18 days, differentiated cells were analyzed for expression of pancreatic gene markers by real-time PCR. Immunocytochemical staining was used to detect the presence of insulin and Pdx-1 in the differentiated cells, and insulin and C-peptide secretion response to glucose were tested by ELISA. Finally, the morphology of differentiated cells was examined by an inverted microscope. In vitro studies showed that MenSCs differentiated in the PRP differentiation medium had strong properties of IPCs such as pancreatic islet-like structure. The expression of pancreatic markers at both RNA and protein levels showed that the differentiation efficiency was higher in the PRP differentiation medium. In both experimental groups, the differentiated cells were functional and secreted C-peptide and insulin on glucose stimulation, but the secretion of C-peptide and insulin in the PRP group was higher than those cultured in the without PRP differentiation medium. Our findings showed that using of PRP enriched differentiation medium can promote the differentiation of MenSCs into IPCs compared to the without PRP culture group. Therefore, the use of PRP into differentiation media can be proposed as a new approach to producing IPCs from MenSCs and used in cell-based therapies for T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Hojjat
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Nassiri Mansour
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Enderami
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Mahdavi
- Thalassemia Research Center (TRC), Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amir Mellati
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Kayvan Mehdipour Chari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reza Salarinia
- Department of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Sciences, Bojnurd, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ehsan Saburi
- Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Moriyama H, Moriyama M, Ozawa T, Tsuruta D, Hayakawa T. Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells into Insulin-Producing Cells with A Single Tet-Off Lentiviral Vector System. Cell J 2022; 24:705-714. [PMID: 36527342 PMCID: PMC9790068 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2022.557533.1063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (hASC) constitute an attractive source of stem cells for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering as they are easy to acquire from lipoaspirate, expansion, and genetic modification ex vivo. The combination of Pdx-1, MafA, and NeuroD1 has been indicated to possess the ability to reprogram various types of cells into insulin-producing cells. The aim of this study is to investigate whether MafA and NeuroD1 would cooperate with Pdx-1 in the differentiation of hASC into insulin-producing cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, we generated polycistronic expression vectors expressing Pdx1 and MafA/NeuroD1 with a reporter from a human EF-1α promoter using 2A peptides in a single tet-off lentiviral vector system. Briefly, hASC were transduced with the lentiviral vectors and allowed to differentiate into insulin-producing cells in vitro and in vivo. Thereafter, RNA expression, dithizone staining, and immunofluorescent analysis were conducted. RESULTS Cleaved transcriptional factors from a single tet-off lentiviral vector were functionally equivalent to their native proteins and strictly regulated by doxycycline (Dox). Insulin gene expression in hASC transduced with Pdx1, Pdx1/ MafA, and Pdx1/NeuroD1 in differentiation medium were successfully increased by 1.89 ± 0.39, 4.81 ± 0.98, 5.51 ± 0.63, respectively, compared to venus-transduced, control hASC. These cells could form dithizone-positive cell clusters in vitro and were found to express insulin in vivo. CONCLUSION Using our single tet-off lentiviral vector system, Pdx-1 and MafA/NeuroD1 could be simultaneously expressed in the absence of Dox. Further, this system allowed the differentiation of hASC into insulin-producing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Moriyama
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan,Pharmaceutical Research and Technology InstituteKindai University3-4-1 KowakaeHigashi-OsakaOsaka 577-8502Japan
| | - Mariko Moriyama
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ozawa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolita University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-Ku,
Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tsuruta
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolita University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-Ku,
Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Takao Hayakawa
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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Linh DM, Anh HM, Hanh Dan VT, Masamitsu Y, Phuong Thao DT. Crucial roles of UCH-L1 on insulin-producing cells and carbohydrate metabolism in Drosophila melanogaster model. Exp Cell Res 2022; 419:113321. [PMID: 35985499 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) is a highly expressed protein in β cells and has been implicated in β cells' viability and function, however, the role of UCH-L1 in β cells remains unclear. Herein, we examined the functions of UCH-L1 in β cells by utilizing the Drosophila melanogaster model. Our results showed that specific knockdown of dUCH (D.melanogaster homolog of UCH-L1) in Drosophila Insulin-producing cells (D.melanogaster homolog of β cells) induced mitochondria fusion, IPCs death/degeneration, interfered with DILP2 secretion, and triggered the rise of glycogen storage and body weight. Strikingly, the impairment in IPCs cellular activities can be rescued by vitamin C- a strong antioxidant compound, which suggested the relationship between knockdown dUCH and oxidative stress in IPCs; and the potential of this model in screening compounds for β cells function moderation. Since carbohydrate metabolism is an important function of beta cells, we continued to examine the ability to regulate carbohydrate metabolism of knockdown dUCH flies. Our results showed that knockdown dUCH caused the decline of IPCs number under a high-sucrose diet, which finally led to metabolic and physiological disturbances, including total lipid rise, glycogen storage reduction, circulating carbohydrate increase, and weight loss. These symptoms could be early indications of metabolic disorders, particularly β cell dysfunction-related diseases. Taken together, our results indicate that dUCH is essential in the viability and functions of IPCs through the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism in the Drosophila model.
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Taherpour A, Hosseini-Khah Z, Zargari M, Ehsan Enderami S. The microenvironment of silk/gelatin nanofibrous scaffold improves proliferation and differentiation of Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal cells into islet-like cells. Gene 2022; 833:146586. [PMID: 35597530 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells along with three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds in pancreatic tissue engineering can be considered as a treatment for diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the differentiation of Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) into pancreatic islet-insulin producing cells (IPCs) on silk/gelatin nanofibers as a 3D scaffold. Mesenchymal markers were evaluated at the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) level by flow cytometry. WJ-MSCs were then cultured on 3D scaffolds and treated with a differential medium. Immunocytochemical assays showed efficient differentiation of WJ-MSCs into IPCs. Also, Real-time PCR results showed a significant increase in the expression of pancreatic genes in the 3D culture group compared to the two-dimensional (2D) culture group. Despite these cases, the secretion of insulin and C-peptide in response to different concentrations of glucose in the 3D group was significantly higher than in the 2D culture. The results of our study showed that silk/gelatin scaffold with WJ-MSCs could be a good option in the production of IPCs in regenerative medicine and pancreatic tissue engineering.
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Yu W, Wang Y, Jiang D, Shang J, Liu M, Efferth T, Teng CB. A saponin from astragalus promotes pancreatic ductal organoids differentiation into insulin-producing cells. Phytomedicine 2022; 102:154190. [PMID: 35636173 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Islet transplantation is an effective treatment for the type 1 and severe type 2 diabetes, but it is restricted by the severe lack of pancreas donors. In vitro differentiation of pancreatic progenitors into insulin-secreting cells is one of the hopeful strategies in the cell transplantation therapy of diabetes. Isoastragaloside I is one of the saponin molecules found in Astragalus membranaceus, which has been demonstrated to alleviate insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in obese mice. STUDY DESIGN We established mouse pancreatic ductal organoids (mPDOs) with progenitor characteristics and an insulin promoter-driven EGFP reporter system to screen astragalus saponin components for monomers that can promote insulin-producing cell differentiation. METHODS mPDOs treated with or without astragalus saponin monomers were investigated by the insulin promoter-driven EGFP reporter, quantitative PCR, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry to evaluate the expression of endocrine progenitor and β-cell markers. RESULTS Isoastragaloside I significantly promoted the expression of β-cell differentiation genes, which was demonstrated by the activation of the insulin promoter-driven EGFP reporter, as well as the significant increase of mRNA levels of the endocrine progenitor marker Ngn3 and the β-cell markers insulin1 and insulin2. Immunostaining studies indicated that the β-cell-specific C-peptide was upregulated in isoastragaloside I-treated mPDOs. FACS analysis revealed that the ratio of C-peptide-secreting cells in isoastragaloside I-treated mPDOs was over 40%. Glucose tolerance tests demonstrated that the differentiated mPDOs could secrete C-peptide in response to glucose stimulation. CONCLUSIONS We discover a novel strategy of inducing pancreatic ductal progenitors to differentiate into insulin-producing cells using isoastragaloside I. This approach can be potentially applied to β-cell transplantation in diabetes therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yannan Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Di Jiang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jie Shang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Miao Liu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Chun-Bo Teng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China.
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13
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Aly RM, Aglan HA, Eldeen GN, Mahmoud NS, Aboul-Ezz EH, Ahmed HH. Efficient generation of functional pancreatic β cells from dental-derived stem cells via laminin-induced differentiation. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:85. [PMID: 35674918 PMCID: PMC9177930 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00369-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background This study was designed to generate functional insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and further explore their therapeutic potential against diabetes mellitus in vivo. MSCs were isolated from human dental pulp and periodontal ligament and were induced to differentiate into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) using laminin-based differentiation protocol for 14 days. Confirmation of IPCs was performed through real-time PCR analysis and insulin release assay. Then, the generated IPCs were labeled with PKH26 dye prior to transplantation in experimental animals. Twenty-eight days later, blood glucose, serum insulin (INS), c-peptide (CP), and visfatin (VF) levels and pancreatic glucagon (GC) level were estimated. Pancreatic forkhead box protein A2 (Foxa2) and SRY-box transcription factor 17 (Sox17), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1), and fibroblast growth factor10 (FGF 10) gene expression levels were analyzed. Results Dental stem cells were successfully differentiated into IPCs that demonstrated increased expression of pancreatic endocrine genes. IPCs released insulin after being subjected to high levels of glucose. In vivo findings uncovered that the implanted IPCs triggered significant decrease in blood glucose, serum VF, and pancreatic GC levels with significant increase in serum INS and CP levels. Furthermore, the implanted IPCs provoked significant upregulation in the expression level of pancreatic genes. Histopathological description of the pancreas tissues revealed that transplantation of IPCs ameliorated the destabilization of pancreas tissue architecture. Conclusion This study demonstrates the significant role of the implantation of IPCs generated from dental-derived stem cells in treatment of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riham M Aly
- Basic Dental Science Department, Oral Medicine & Dentistry Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. .,Stem Cell Laboratory, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Hadeer A Aglan
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt.,Hormones Department, Medicine Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ghada Nour Eldeen
- Molecular Genetics & Enzymology Department, Human Genetic & Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nadia S Mahmoud
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt.,Hormones Department, Medicine Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman H Aboul-Ezz
- Basic Dental Science Department, Oral Medicine & Dentistry Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.,Stem Cell Laboratory, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanaa H Ahmed
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt.,Hormones Department, Medicine Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Mirtaghi SM, Hassannia H, Mahdavi M, Hosseini-Khah Z, Mellati A, Enderami SE. A novel hybrid polymer of PCL/Fish gelatin nanofibrous scaffold improves proliferation and differentiation of wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal cells into islet-like cells. Artif Organs 2022; 46:1491-1503. [PMID: 35403747 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using a different source of stem cells to compensate for the lost beta cells is a promising way to cure diabetic patients. Besides The best efficiency of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) will appear when we culture them in an environment similar to inside the body. Hence, three-dimensional (3D) culture ameliorates the differentiation of diverse kinds of stem cells into IPCs compared to those differentiated in two-dimensional (2D) culture. In this study, we aim to create an ideal differentiation environment by using PCL/Fish gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds to differentiate wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal cells (WJ-MSCs) to IPCs and compare them with a 2D cultured group. METHODS The evaluation of cellular, molecular, and functional properties of differentiated cells on the 3D and 2D cultures were investigated by several assay such as electron microscopy, quantitative PCR, immunochemistry, western blotting, and ELISA. RESULTS The in vitro studies showed, WJ-MSCs that differentiated in the 3D culture have strong properties of IPCs such as islet-like cells. The expression of pancreatic-specific genes at both RNA and protein levels showed higher differentiation efficacy of 3D culture. Besides, the results of the elisa tests demonstrates that in both groups the differentiated cells are functional and secreted C-peptide and insulin in glucose stimulation, but the secretion of C-peptide and insulin in the 3D culture group was higher than those cultured in 2D groups. CONCLUSION Our findings showed the use of PCL/Fish gelatin nanofibrous scaffolds with optimized differentiation protocols can promote the differentiation of IPCs from WJ-MSCs compared to the 2D culture group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Masoumeh Mirtaghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hadi Hassannia
- Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Amol Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Mahdavi
- Thalassemia Research Center (TRC), Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Zahra Hosseini-Khah
- Diabetes Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Amir Mellati
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Enderami
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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15
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Hashemi J, Kajbafzadeh AM, Ghorbani F, Soleimani M, Arefian E, Khorramirouz R, Enderami SE, Pasalar P. Application of iPSCs derived pancreatic β-like cells using pancreatic bio-scaffold. Exp Cell Res 2021; 405:112667. [PMID: 34107273 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed toengineer a pancreatic tissue. Intact rat pancreases were successfully decellularized, and were reseeded with human-induced pluripotent stem cells using different 2D and 3D culture growth factors. The differentiation process was assessed for the presence of a pancreas-like tissue. The histology and SEM analysis revealed cell attachment in all samples, except for the Exp4, and the Flow-cytometry provided 87% viability for the differentiated cells. In Exp1, PDX1 with the positive expression of 2.87±0.06 was dramatically higher than Exp2 with a 2.44±0.06 reaction. NGN3-reactions were 8±0.1 and 6.6±0.2 in Exp1 and Exp2 at P < 0.05, respectively. C-peptide with the expression of 7.5±0.7 in Exp3 was almost equal to that in Exp1 and Exp2. Glucagon (5.1±1) and PDX1 (3.2±0.82) in Exp3 indicated no significant difference. The significant upregulations of pancreatic endocrine markers (PDX1 and NGN3), and the cell-specific glucose transporter (GLUT2) were observed in the differentiated IPCs in the 3D culture of Exp2 after 21 days. The highest insulin and C-peptide concentrations were observed in Exp2. In Exp3, insulin secretion in response to high glucose and 10 mM arginine was 42.43 ±6.34 μU/ml. A decellularized pancreas in the presence of hiPSCs and growth factors could be efficiently used as a natural scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Hashemi
- Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Therapy, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Ghorbani
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center (TDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis & Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Arefian
- Molecular Virology Lab, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Khorramirouz
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Section of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Therapy, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ehsan Enderami
- Molecular and cell biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Parvin Pasalar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Daryabor G, Shiri EH, Amirghofran Z, Kamali-Sarvestani E. In vitro-derived insulin-producing cells modulate Th1 immune responses and induce IL-10 in streptozotocin-induced mouse model of pancreatic insulitis. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2021; 20:376-82. [PMID: 33879406 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulitis is defined by the presence of immune cells infiltrating in the pancreatic islets that might progress into the complete β-cell loss. The immunomodulatory properties of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have attracted much attention. This study aimed to evaluate the possible immunomodulatory effects of rat BM-MSCs and MSCs-derived insulin-producing cells (IPCs) in a mouse model of pancreatic insulitis. METHODS Insulitis was induced in BALB/c mice using five consecutive doses of streptozotocin. MSCs or IPCs were directly injected into the pancreas of mice and their effects on the expression of Th subsets-related genes were evaluated. RESULTS Both BM-MSCs and IPCs significantly reduced the expression of pancreatic Th1-related IFN-γ (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively) and T-bet genes (both P < 0.001). Moreover, the expression of IL-10 gene was significantly increased in IPC-treated compared to BM-MSC- or PBS-treated mice (P < 0.001 both comparisons). CONCLUSIONS BM-MSCs and IPCs could successfully suppress pathologic Th1 immune responses in the mouse model of insulitis. However, the marked increase in IL-10 gene expression by IPCs compared to BM-MSCs suggests that their simultaneous use at the initial phase of autoimmune diabetes might be a better option to reduce inflammation but these results need to be verified by further experiments.
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Soltani A, Khazaei S, Mirtaghi SM, Ahmadi SF, Rahmati M, Mansour RN, Abazari MF, Enderami SE. Generation of high yield insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from various sources of stem cells. Vitam Horm 2021; 116:235-68. [PMID: 33752820 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus occurs when beta cell mass is reduced to less than 20% of the normal level due to immune system destruction of beta cell resulting in an inability to secrete enough insulin. The prevalence of diabetes is expanding according to the American Diabetes Association and the World Health Organization (WHO), foretold to exceed 350 million by 2030. The current treatment does not cure many of the serious complications associated with the disease such as neuropathy, nephropathy, dyslipidemia, retinopathy and cardiovascular disease. Whole pancreas or isolated pancreatic islet transplantation as an alternative therapy can prevent or reduce some of the complications of diabetes. However, the shortage of matched organ or islets cells donor and alloimmune responses limit this therapeutic strategy. Recently, several reports have raised extremely promising results to use different sources of stem cells to differentiate insulin-producing cells and focus on the expansion of these alternative sources. Stem cells, due to their potential for multiple differentiation and self-renewal can differentiate into all cell types, including insulin-producing cells (IPCs). Generation of new beta cells can be achieved from various stem cell sources, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs), adult stem cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Thus, this chapter discusses on the assistance of cellular reprogramming of various stem cells as candidates for the generation of IPCs using transcription factors/miRNA, cytokines/small molecules and tissue engineering.
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Kaitsuka T, Tomizawa K. Generation of Functional Insulin-Producing Cells from Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Through Protein Transduction of Transcription Factors. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2211:85-96. [PMID: 33336272 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0943-9_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
In this chapter, we describe a simple and unique method for the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into insulin-producing cells. In addition to cytokines and growth factors, key transcription factors for pancreatic development are applied in this method through protein transduction technology. Furthermore, a combination of nanofiber plates and laminin coatings improves the yield of differentiated cells. The insulin-producing cells derived through this method express marker genes of mature β-cells and have an ability to secrete insulin; therefore, these cells are useful for fundamental studies on pancreatic development, drug development, and regenerative medicine for diabetes.
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Goenka V, Borkar T, Desai A, Das RK. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells in treating both types of diabetes mellitus and associated diseases. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:1979-1993. [PMID: 33520872 PMCID: PMC7843693 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00647-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a common lifestyle disease which can be classified into type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus. While both result in hyperglycemia due to lack of insulin action and further associated chronic ailments, there is a marked distinction in the cause for each type due to which both require a different prophylaxis. As observed, type 1 diabetes is caused due to the autoimmune action of the body resulting in the destruction of pancreatic islet cells. On the other hand, type 2 diabetes is caused either due to insulin resistance of target cells or lack of insulin production as per physiological requirements. Attempts to cure the disease have been made by bringing drastic changes in the patients' lifestyle; parenteral administration of insulin; prescription of drugs such as biguanides, meglitinides, and amylin; pancreatic transplantation; and immunotherapy. While these attempts cause a certain degree of relief to the patient, none of these can cure diabetes mellitus. However, a new treatment strategy led by the discovery of mesenchymal stem cells and their unique immunomodulatory and multipotent properties has inspired therapies to treat diabetes by essentially reversing the conditions causing the disease. The current review aims to enumerate the role of various mesenchymal stem cells and the different approaches to treat both types of diabetes and its associated diseases as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidul Goenka
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Tanhai Borkar
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Aska Desai
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Raunak Kumar Das
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu India
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Chen S, Du K, Zou C. Current progress in stem cell therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:275. [PMID: 32641151 PMCID: PMC7346484 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01793-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is the most common chronic autoimmune disease in young patients and is characterized by the loss of pancreatic β cells; as a result, the body becomes insulin deficient and hyperglycemic. Administration or injection of exogenous insulin cannot mimic the endogenous insulin secreted by a healthy pancreas. Pancreas and islet transplantation have emerged as promising treatments for reconstructing the normal regulation of blood glucose in T1DM patients. However, a critical shortage of pancreases and islets derived from human organ donors, complications associated with transplantations, high cost, and limited procedural availability remain bottlenecks in the widespread application of these strategies. Attempts have been directed to accommodate the increasing population of patients with T1DM. Stem cell therapy holds great potential for curing patients with T1DM. With the advent of research on stem cell therapy for various diseases, breakthroughs in stem cell-based therapy for T1DM have been reported. However, many unsolved issues need to be addressed before stem cell therapy will be clinically feasible for diabetic patients. In this review, we discuss the current research advances in strategies to obtain insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from different precursor cells and in stem cell-based therapies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-Related Disease of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine and School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Kechen Du
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-Related Disease of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine and School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Chunlin Zou
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-Related Disease of Chinese Ministry of Education, Center for Translational Medicine and School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Aali E, Madjd Z, Tekiyehmaroof N, Sharifi AM. Control of Hyperglycemia Using Differentiated and Undifferentiated Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Rats with Type 1 Diabetes. Cells Tissues Organs 2020; 209:13-25. [PMID: 32634811 DOI: 10.1159/000507790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their ability in self-renewing and differentiation into a wide variety of tissues, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit outstanding potential for regenerative medicine. This study was aimed at investigating different aspects of MSC therapy in controlling hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetes rats. Using an islet cell differentiation protocol, bone marrow (BM) MSCs were differentiated into insulin-producing cells (IPCs). The differentiation process was evaluated by immunocytochemistry, reverse transcriptase PCR, and dithizone staining. Diabetic animals in 4 diabetic individual groups received normal saline, BM-MSCs, coadministration of BM-MSCs with supernatant, and IPCs. Blood glucose and insulin levels were monitored during the experiment. Immunohistochemical analysis of the pancreas was performed at the end of the experiment. Administration of BM-MSCs could not reverse glucose and insulin levels in experimental animals as efficiently as cotransplantation of BM-MSCs with supernatant. The effect of coadministration of BM-MSCs with supernatant and transplantation of IPCs on controlling hyperglycemia is comparable. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that number and size of islets per section were significantly increased in groups receiving IPCs and BM-MSC-supernatant compared to the MSC group of animals. In conclusion, coadministration of BM-MSCs with supernatant could be used as efficiently as IPC transplantation in controlling hyperglycemia in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Aali
- Department of Pharmacology, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Zahra Madjd
- Department of Pathology, Oncology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Tekiyehmaroof
- Razi Drug Research Center and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Sharifi
- Razi Drug Research Center and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
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Yang XF, Zhou SY, Wang C, Huang W, Li N, He F, Li FR. Inhibition of LSD1 promotes the differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells into insulin-producing cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:185. [PMID: 32430053 PMCID: PMC7238565 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01694-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represent a potentially unlimited source of pancreatic endocrine lineage cells. Although insulin-producing β cells derived from hiPSCs have been successfully induced, much work remains to be done to achieve mature β cells. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) plays an important role in the regulation of hiPSC self-renewal and differentiation. We propose a new strategy to acquire insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from hiPSCs by knocking down LSD1. METHODS Knockdown of LSD1 in hiPSCs with five shRNA. Assessment of the effects of shRNA on hiPSC proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Using knockdown hiPSCs with 31.33% LSD1 activity, we achieved a four-step differentiation into IPCs and test its differentiation efficiency, morphology, and marker genes and proteins. We implanted the IPCs into the renal subcapsular of SCID-Beige diabetic mice to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect in vivo. We tested LSD1 and HDAC1 whether they are present in the CoREST complex through IP-WB, and analyzed LSD1, CoREST, HDAC1, H3K4me2/me3, and H3K27me3 protein expression before and after knockdown of LSD1. RESULTS Differentiated hiPSCs were 38.32% ± 3.54% insulin-positive cells and released insulin/C-peptide in response to glucose stimulus in a manner comparable to adult human islets. Most of the IPCs co-expressed mature β cell-specific markers. When transplanted under the left renal capsule of SCID-Beige diabetic mice, these IPCs reversed hyperglycemia, leading to a significant increase in the definitive endoderm cells. IP-WB results showed that LSD1, HDAC1, and CoREST formed a complex in hiPSCs. Chip-PCR results showed that LSD1, HDAC1, and CoREST were enriched in the same district during the SOX17 and FOXA2 promoter region. Inhibition of LSD1 would not affect the level of CoREST but decreased the HDAC1 expressions. The H3K4me2/me3 and H3K9act level of SOX17 and FOXA2 promoter region increased after inhibited of LSD1, and promoted transcriptional activation. The H3K4me2/me3 and H3K9act level of OCT4 and SOX2 promoter region decreased with the transcriptional repressed. CONCLUSIONS LSD1 regulated histone methylation and acetylation in promoter regions of pluripotent or endodermal genes. Our results suggest a highly efficient approach to producing IPCs from hiPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Yang
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Ji'nan University, 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, 518020, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell therapy, Shenzhen, 518020, China.,Shenzhen Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Shu-Yan Zhou
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Ji'nan University, 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, 518020, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell therapy, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Ce Wang
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Ji'nan University, 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, 518020, China.,Shenzhen Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ning Li
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Ji'nan University, 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, 518020, China.,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell therapy, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Fei He
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell therapy, Shenzhen, 518020, China.,Shenzhen Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Fu-Rong Li
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Ji'nan University, 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, 518020, China. .,Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell therapy, Shenzhen, 518020, China. .,Shenzhen Cell Therapy Public Service Platform, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
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23
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He F, Li N, Huang HB, Wang JB, Yang XF, Wang HD, Huang W, Li FR. LSD1 inhibition yields functional insulin-producing cells from human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:163. [PMID: 32345350 PMCID: PMC7189473 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01674-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human embryonic stem cells represent a potentially unlimited source of insulin-producing cells for diabetes therapy. While tremendous progress has been made in directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into IPCs in vitro, the mechanisms controlling its differentiation and function are not fully understood. Previous studies revealed that lysine-specific demethylase 1(LSD1) balanced the self-renewal and differentiation in human induced pluripotent stem cells and human embryonic stem cells. This study aims to explore the role of LSD1 in directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into insulin-producing cells. METHODS Human embryonic stem cell line H9 was induced into insulin-producing cells by a four-step differentiation protocol. Lentivirus transfection was applied to knockdown LSD1 expression. Immunofluorescence assay and flow cytometry were utilized to check differentiation efficiency. Western blot was used to examine signaling pathway proteins and differentiation-associated proteins. Insulin/C-peptide release was assayed by ELISA. Statistical analysis between groups was carried out with one-way ANOVA tests or a student's t test when appropriate. RESULTS Inhibition or silencing LSD1 promotes the specification of pancreatic progenitors and finally the commitment of functional insulin-producing β cells; Moreover, inhibition or silencing LSD1 activated ERK signaling and upregulated pancreatic progenitor associated genes, accelerating pre-maturation of pancreatic progenitors, and conferred the NKX6.1+ population with better proliferation ability. IPCs with LSD1 inhibitor tranylcypromine treatment displayed enhanced insulin secretion in response to glucose stimulation. CONCLUSIONS We identify a novel role of LSD1 inhibition in promoting IPCs differentiation from hESCs, which would be emerged as potential intervention for generation of functional pancreatic β cells to cure diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei He
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, 518020, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ning Li
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, 518020, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hai-Bo Huang
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, 518020, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jing-Bo Wang
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, 518020, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Yang
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, 518020, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell therapy, Shenzhen, 518020, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Hua-Dong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Fu-Rong Li
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, 1017 Dongmen North Road, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Stem Cell and Cell therapy, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
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Wartchow KM, Rodrigues L, Lissner LJ, Federhen BC, Selistre NG, Moreira A, Gonçalves CA, Sesterheim P. Insulin-producing cells from mesenchymal stromal cells: Protection against cognitive impairment in diabetic rats depends upon implant site. Life Sci 2020; 251:117587. [PMID: 32224027 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious public health problem and can cause long-term damage to the brain, resulting in cognitive impairment in these patients. Insulin therapy for type 1 DM (DM1) can achieve overall blood glucose control, but glycemic variations can occur during injection intervals, which may contribute to some complications. Among the additional therapies available for DM1 treatment is the implantation of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) to attenuate hyperglycemia and even reverse diabetes. Here, we studied the strategy of implanting IPCs obtained from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from adipose tissue, comparing two different IPC implant sites, subcapsular renal (SR) and subcutaneous (SC), to investigate their putative protection against hippocampal damage, induced by STZ, in a rat DM1 model. Both implants improved hyperglycemia and reduced the serum content of advanced-glycated end products in diabetic rats, but serum insulin was not observed in the SC group. The SC-implanted group demonstrated ameliorated cognitive impairment (evaluated by novel object recognition) and modulation of hippocampal astroglial reactivity (evaluated by S100B and GFAP). Using GFP+ cell implants, the survival of cells at the implant sites was confirmed, as well as their migration to the pancreas and hippocampus. The presence of undifferentiated MSCs in our IPC preparation may explain the peripheral reduction in AGEs and subsequent cognitive impairment recovery, mediated by autophagic depuration and immunomodulation at the hippocampus, respectively. Together, these data reinforce the importance of MSCs for use in neuroprotective strategies, and highlight the logistic importance of the subcutaneous route for their administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Minéia Wartchow
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Biochemistry Post-Graduate Program, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Leticia Rodrigues
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Biochemistry Post-Graduate Program, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lílian Juliana Lissner
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Biochemistry Post-Graduate Program, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Barbara Carolina Federhen
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Biochemistry Post-Graduate Program, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nicholas Guerini Selistre
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Biochemistry Post-Graduate Program, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Aline Moreira
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Biochemistry Post-Graduate Program, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carlos-Alberto Gonçalves
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Biochemistry Post-Graduate Program, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Sesterheim
- Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul, Experimental Center, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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25
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Hsiao CY, Chen TH, Huang BS, Chen PH, Su CH, Shyu JF, Tsai PJ. Comparison between the therapeutic effects of differentiated and undifferentiated Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:139-151. [PMID: 32184938 PMCID: PMC7062039 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i2.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the availability of current therapies, including oral antidiabetic drugs and insulin, for controlling the symptoms caused by high blood glucose, it is difficult to cure diabetes mellitus, especially type 1 diabetes mellitus.
AIM Cell therapies using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be a promising option. However, the therapeutic mechanisms by which MSCs exert their effects, such as whether they can differentiate into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) before transplantation, are uncertain.
METHODS In this study, we used three types of differentiation media over 10 d to generate IPCs from human Wharton’s jelly MSCs (hWJ-MSCs). We further transplanted the undifferentiated hWJ-MSCs and differentiated IPCs derived from them into the portal vein of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, and recorded the physiological and pathological changes.
RESULTS Using fluorescent staining and C-peptide enzyme-linked immunoassay, we were able to successfully induce the differentiation of hWJ-MSCs into IPCs. Transplantation of both IPCs derived from hWJ-MSCs and undifferentiated hWJ-MSCs had the therapeutic effect of ameliorating blood glucose levels and improving intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests. The transplanted IPCs homed to the pancreas and functionally survived for at least 8 wk after transplantation, whereas the undifferentiated hWJ-MSCs were able to improve the insulitis and ameliorate the serum inflammatory cytokine in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
CONCLUSION Differentiated IPCs can significantly improve blood glucose levels in diabetic rats due to the continuous secretion of insulin by transplanted cells that survive in the islets of diabetic rats. Transplantation of undifferentiated hWJ-MSCs can significantly improve insulitis and re-balance the inflammatory condition in diabetic rats with only a slight improvement in blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yuan Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Landseed International Hospital, Taoyuan 324, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Hua Chen
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Trauma Center, Department of Surgery, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ben-Shian Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Po-Han Chen
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsi Su
- Department of Surgery, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Fwu Shyu
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jiun Tsai
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Trauma Center, Department of Surgery, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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Pan G, Liu Q, Xin H, Liu J. The key regulation of miR-124-3p during reprogramming of primary mouse hepatocytes into insulin-producing cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 522:315-321. [PMID: 31761319 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Based on the action of small molecule compounds, the efficiency of differentiation of mouse primary hepatocytes into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) was improved by changing the expression of miR-124-2p. Hepatocytes were transfected with microRNA-124-3p (miR-124-3p) mimic or inhibitor, followed by a chemical-defined culture system for maturation of IPCs. Then, detect the expression of insulin-related genes and protein and insulin secretion of each stage during differentiation. The expression of Foxa2, PDX1, NeuroD, insulin1, and insulin2 in IPCs in the miR-124-3p inhibition expression group was significantly upregulated, while the results were opposite in the miR-124-3p overexpression group. The results of cell immunofluorescence and glucose stimulation in vitro of the miR-124-3p inhibition expression group showed that the expression of insulin, PDX1, and C-peptide was increased, and the differentiation efficiency was higher than those of the control group and overexpression group. The primary mouse hepatocytes were successfully reprogrammed into IPCs by small-molecule compounds. We found that miR-124-3p plays a negative regulatory role in the differentiation of hepatocytes into IPCs in vitro. Inhibition of miR-124-3p expression significantly increased the expression of FOXA2 and PDX1, promoted the differentiation of hepatocytes into IPCs, and increased the induction efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Department of Respiratory, People's Hospital of Jingdezhen of Jiangxi Province, Jingdezhen, China
| | - Quanwen Liu
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongbo Xin
- The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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27
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Zhao F, Liu X, Wang Z, Lang H, Zhang T, Wang R, Lin X, He D, Shi P, Pang X. Novel Mouse miRNA Chr13_novelMiR7354-5p Improves Bone-Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation into Insulin-Producing Cells. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2020; 19:1110-1122. [PMID: 32059337 PMCID: PMC7016162 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) that play key roles in the generation of insulin-producing cells from stem cells provide a cell-based approach for insulin replacement therapy. In this study, we used next-generation sequencing to detect the miRNA expression profile of normal mouse pancreatic β cells, non-β cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and determined relative miRNA expression levels in mouse pancreatic β cells. After the novel mouse miRNA candidates were identified using miRDeep 2.0, we found that Chr13_novelMiR7354-5p, a novel miRNA candidate, significantly promoted the differentiation of BM-MSCs into insulin-producing cells in vitro. Furthermore, Chr13_novelMiR7354-5p-transfected BM-MSCs reversed hyperglycemia in streptozotocin (STZ)-treated diabetic mice. In addition, bioinformatics analyses, a luciferase reporter assay, and western blotting demonstrated that Chr13_novelMiR7354-5p targeted Notch1 and Rbpj. Our results provide compelling evidence of the existence of 65 novel mouse miRNA candidates and present a new treatment strategy to generate insulin-producing cells from stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Assisted Reproduction, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Street, Tiexi District, Shenyang City 110022, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang City 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hongxin Lang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xuewen Lin
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dan He
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ping Shi
- Shenyang Amnion Bioengineering and Technology R&D Center, 155-5 Chuangxin Street, Hunnan District, Shenyang City 110015, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xining Pang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Shenyang Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Street, Shenbei New District, Shenyang City 110122, Liaoning Province, China; Shenyang Amnion Bioengineering and Technology R&D Center, 155-5 Chuangxin Street, Hunnan District, Shenyang City 110015, Liaoning Province, China.
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Espona-Noguera A, Ciriza J, Cañibano-Hernández A, Saenz Del Burgo L, Pedraz JL. Immobilization of INS1E Insulin-Producing Cells Within Injectable Alginate Hydrogels. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2100:395-405. [PMID: 31939138 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0215-7_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alginate has demonstrated high applicability as a matrix-forming biomaterial for cell immobilization due to its ability to make hydrogels combined with cells in a rapid and non-toxic manner in physiological conditions, while showing excellent biocompatibility, preserving immobilized cell viability and function. Moreover, depending on its application, alginate hydrogel physicochemical properties such as porosity, stiffness, gelation time, and injectability can be tuned. This technology has been applied to several cell types that are able to produce therapeutic factors. In particular, alginate has been the most commonly used material in pancreatic islet entrapment for type 1 diabetes mellitus treatment. This chapter compiles information regarding the alginate handling, and we describe the most important steps and recommendations to immobilize insulin-producing cells within a tuned injectable alginate hydrogel using a syringe-based mixing system, detailing how to assess the viability and the biological functionality of the embedded cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Espona-Noguera
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Jesús Ciriza
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Alberto Cañibano-Hernández
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Laura Saenz Del Burgo
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Jose Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
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Barati G, Rahmani A, Nadri S. In vitro differentiation of conjunctiva mesenchymal stem cells into insulin producing cells on natural and synthetic electrospun scaffolds. Biologicals 2019; 62:33-38. [PMID: 31635936 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymers are used in tissue engineering as a scaffold. In this study the differentiation capability of conjunctiva mesenchymal stem cells (CJMSCs) on natural and synthetic nanofibrous electrospun scaffolds into insulin producing cells (IPCs) were studied. Natural Silk fibroin and synthetic PLLA polymers were used to fabricate electrospun scaffolds. These scaffolds are characterized by SEM and CJMSCs were differentiated into IPCs on these scaffolds. The differentiation efficiency was measured by analysis the expression of specific pancreatic markers by RT-qPCR and insulin release capacity via ELISA. Microscopy analysis showed the fabrication of uniform nanofibers and the formation of the islet-like clusters at the end of differentiation period. Significant differences in expression of Pdx-1 and glucagon were observed in PLLA scaffold compared to Silk scaffold (Fold: 1.625 and 1.434, respectively; P-value ≤ 0.0001 for both). Furthermore, insulin secretion at high glucose concentration was significantly higher in cells differentiated on PLLA scaffold than those cultured on Silk scaffold (P-value: 0.012). The scaffolds can enhance the differentiation of IPCs from CJMSCs. In this way, PLLA synthetic scaffold was more efficient than Silk natural scaffold. We conclude that the nanofibrous scaffolds reported herein could be used as a potential supportive matrix for islet tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Barati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Rahmani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Samad Nadri
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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Luo Y, Cheng YW, Yu CY, Liu RM, Zhao YJ, Chen DX, Zhong JJ, Xiao JH. Effects of hyaluronic acid on differentiation of human amniotic epithelial cells and cell-replacement therapy in type 1 diabetic mice. Exp Cell Res 2019; 384:111642. [PMID: 31562862 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Our hypothesis is that hyaluronic acid may regulate the differentiation of human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) into insulin-producing cells and help the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Herein, a protocol for the stepwise in vitro differentiation of hAECs into functional insulin-producing cells was developed by mimicking the process of pancreas development. Treatment of hAECs with hyaluronic acid enhanced their differentiation of definitive endoderm and pancreatic progenitors. Endodermal markers Sox17 and Foxa2 and pancreatic progenitor markers Pax6, Nkx6.1, and Ngn3 were upregulated an enhanced gene expression in hAECs, but hAECs did not express the β cell-specific transcription factor Pdx1. Interestingly, hyaluronic acid promoted the expression of major pancreatic development-related genes and proteins after combining with commonly used inducers of stem cells differentiation into insulin-producing cells. This indicated the potent synergistic effects of the combination on hAECs differentiation in vitro. By establishing a multiple injection transplantation strategy via tail vein injections, hAECs transplantation significantly reduced hyperglycemia symptoms, increased the plasma insulin content, and partially repaired the islet structure in type 1 diabetic mice. In particular, the combination of hAECs with hyaluronic acid exhibited a remarkable therapeutic effect compared to both the insulin group and the hAECs alone group. The hAECs' paracrine action and hyaluronic acid co-regulated the local immune response, improved the inflammatory microenvironment in the damaged pancreas of type 1 diabetic mice, and promoted the trans-differentiation of pancreatic α cells into β cells. These findings suggest that hyaluronic acid is an efficient co-inducer of the differentiation of hAECs into functional insulin-producing cells, and hAECs treatment with hyaluronic acid may be a promising cell-replacement therapeutic approach for the treatment of type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Zunyi Municipal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Ya-Wei Cheng
- Zunyi Municipal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Chang-Yin Yu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China.
| | - Ru-Ming Liu
- Zunyi Municipal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Yu-Jie Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Dai-Xiong Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China
| | - Jian-Jiang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Jian-Hui Xiao
- Zunyi Municipal Key Laboratory of Medicinal Biotechnology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China; Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563003, China.
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31
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Stiner R, Alexander M, Liu G, Liao W, Liu Y, Yu J, Pone EJ, Zhao W, Lakey JRT. Transplantation of stem cells from umbilical cord blood as therapy for type I diabetes. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 378:155-162. [PMID: 31209568 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03046-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, human umbilical cord blood has emerged as a rich source of stem, stromal and immune cells for cell-based therapy. Among the stem cells from umbilical cord blood, CD45+ multipotent stem cells and CD90+ mesenchymal stem cells have the potential to treat type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM), to correct autoimmune dysfunction and replenish β-cell numbers and function. In this review, we compare the general characteristics of umbilical cord blood-derived multipotent stem cells (UCB-SCs) and umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs) and introduce their applications in T1DM. Although there are some differences in surface marker expression between UCB-SCs and UCB-MSCs, the two cell types display similar functions such as suppressing function of stimulated lymphocytes and imparting differentiation potential to insulin-producing cells (IPCs) in the setting of low immunogenicity, thereby providing a promising and safe approach for T1DM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Stiner
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, 333 City Boulevard West, Suite 1600, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Michael Alexander
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, 333 City Boulevard West, Suite 1600, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 402 E Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Guangyang Liu
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, 333 City Boulevard West, Suite 1600, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 402 E Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Baylx, Inc., 23 Spectrum Pointe Dr Suite 207, Lake Forest, CA, 92630, USA
| | - Wenbin Liao
- Baylx, Inc., 23 Spectrum Pointe Dr Suite 207, Lake Forest, CA, 92630, USA
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 402 E Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Baylx, Inc., 23 Spectrum Pointe Dr Suite 207, Lake Forest, CA, 92630, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 147 Bison Modular, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Jingxia Yu
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, 333 City Boulevard West, Suite 1600, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 402 E Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Baylx, Inc., 23 Spectrum Pointe Dr Suite 207, Lake Forest, CA, 92630, USA
| | - Egest J Pone
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 402 E Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 147 Bison Modular, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, 101 The City Dr S, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Weian Zhao
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 402 E Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Baylx, Inc., 23 Spectrum Pointe Dr Suite 207, Lake Forest, CA, 92630, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 147 Bison Modular, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, 101 The City Dr S, Orange, CA, 92868, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Jonathan R T Lakey
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, 845 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, 333 City Boulevard West, Suite 1600, Orange, CA, 92868, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, 402 E Peltason Dr, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Baylx, Inc., 23 Spectrum Pointe Dr Suite 207, Lake Forest, CA, 92630, USA.
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Meivar-Levy I, Zoabi F, Nardini G, Manevitz-Mendelson E, Leichner GS, Zadok O, Gurevich M, Mor E, Dima S, Popescu I, Barzilai A, Ferber S, Greenberger S. The role of the vasculature niche on insulin-producing cells generated by transdifferentiation of adult human liver cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:53. [PMID: 30760321 PMCID: PMC6373031 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1157-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin-dependent diabetes is a multifactorial disorder that could be theoretically cured by functional pancreatic islets and insulin-producing cell (IPC) implantation. Regenerative medicine approaches include the potential for growing tissues and organs in the laboratory and transplanting them when the body cannot heal itself. However, several obstacles remain to be overcome in order to bring regenerative medicine approach for diabetes closer to its clinical implementation; the cells generated in vitro are typically of heterogenic and immature nature and the site of implantation should be readily vascularized for the implanted cells to survive in vivo. The present study addresses these two limitations by analyzing the effect of co-implanting IPCs with vasculature promoting cells in an accessible site such as subcutaneous. Secondly, it analyzes the effects of reconstituting the in vivo environment in vitro on the maturation and function of insulin-producing cells. Methods IPCs that are generated by the transdifferentiation of human liver cells are exposed to the paracrine effects of endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are the “building blocks” of the blood vessels. The role of the vasculature on IPC function is analyzed upon subcutaneous implantation in vivo in immune-deficient rodents. The paracrine effects of vasculature on IPC maturation are analyzed in culture. Results Co-implantation of MSCs and ECFCs with IPCs led to doubling the survival rates and a threefold increase in insulin production, in vivo. ECFC and MSC co-culture as well as conditioned media of co-cultures resulted in a significant increased expression of pancreatic-specific genes and an increase in glucose-regulated insulin secretion, compared with IPCs alone. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that ECFC and MSC co-culture increases the expression of CTGF and ACTIVINβα, which play a key role in pancreatic differentiation. Conclusions Vasculature is an important player in generating regenerative medicine approaches for diabetes. Vasculature displays a paracrine effect on the maturation of insulin-producing cells and their survival upon implantation. The reconstitution of the in vivo niche is expected to promote the liver-to-pancreas transdifferentiation and bringing this cell therapy approach closer to its clinical implementation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1157-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Meivar-Levy
- The Sheba Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel. .,Dia-Cure, Institute of Medical Scientific Research Acad. Nicolae Cajal, University Titu Maiorescu, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Fatima Zoabi
- The Sheba Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gil Nardini
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | | | - Gil S Leichner
- The Department of Dermatology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Oranit Zadok
- The Sheba Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Michael Gurevich
- The Organ Transplantation Division, Schneider Children Medical Center, Petach Tikvah, Israel
| | - Eytan Mor
- The Organ Transplantation Division, Schneider Children Medical Center, Petach Tikvah, Israel
| | - Simona Dima
- Dia-Cure, Institute of Medical Scientific Research Acad. Nicolae Cajal, University Titu Maiorescu, Bucharest, Romania.,Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine - Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania.,Center of Digestive Diseases and Liver Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irinel Popescu
- Dia-Cure, Institute of Medical Scientific Research Acad. Nicolae Cajal, University Titu Maiorescu, Bucharest, Romania.,Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine - Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania.,Center of Digestive Diseases and Liver Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aviv Barzilai
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,The Department of Dermatology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Sarah Ferber
- The Sheba Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Dia-Cure, Institute of Medical Scientific Research Acad. Nicolae Cajal, University Titu Maiorescu, Bucharest, Romania.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Shoshana Greenberger
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,The Department of Dermatology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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Pennarossa G, Santoro R, Manzoni EFM, Pesce M, Gandolfi F, Brevini TAL. Epigenetic Erasing and Pancreatic Differentiation of Dermal Fibroblasts into Insulin-Producing Cells are Boosted by the Use of Low-Stiffness Substrate. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:398-411. [PMID: 29285667 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-017-9799-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated the possibility to revert differentiation process, reactivating hypermethylated genes and facilitating cell transition to a different lineage. Beside the epigenetic mechanisms driving cell conversion processes, growing evidences highlight the importance of mechanical forces in supporting cell plasticity and boosting differentiation. Here, we describe epigenetic erasing and conversion of dermal fibroblasts into insulin-producing cells (EpiCC), and demonstrate that the use of a low-stiffness substrate positively influences these processes. Our results show a higher expression of pluripotency genes and a significant bigger decrease of DNA methylation levels in 5-azacytidine (5-aza-CR) treated cells plated on soft matrix, compared to those cultured on plastic dishes. Furthermore, the use of low-stiffness also induces a significant increased up-regulation of ten-eleven translocation 2 (Tet2) and histone acetyltransferase 1 (Hat1) genes, and more decreased histone deacetylase enzyme1 (Hdac1) transcription levels. The soft substrate also encourages morphological changes, actin cytoskeleton re-organization, and the activation of the Hippo signaling pathway, leading to yes-associated protein (YAP) phosphorylation and its cytoplasmic translocation. Altogether, this results in increased epigenetic conversion efficiency and in EpiCC acquisition of a mono-hormonal phenotype. Our findings indicate that mechano-transduction related responsed influence cell plasticity induced by 5-aza-CR and improve fibroblast differentiation toward the pancreatic lineage.
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Pan G, Hao H, Liu J. Induction of hepatocytes-derived insulin-producing cells using small molecules and identification of microRNA profiles during this procedure. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018. [PMID: 29524422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The transplantation of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) or pancreatic progenitor cells is a theoretical therapy for diabetes with insulin insufficiency. Isolated hepatocytes from newborn rats (within 24 h after birth) were progressively induced into IPCs using 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, Trichostatin A, retinoic acid, insulin-transferrin-selenium, and nicotinamide. We transplanted Pdx1+ pancreatic progenitors into STZ-induced diabetic mice and found the decreased blood glucose and increased insulin level in comparison with diabetic model. The dynamic expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) were identified using microarray. We found 67 miRNAs were decreasingly expressed; 52 miRNAs were increasingly expressed; 27 miRNAs were specially inhibited in Stage 1 cells (multipotent progenitor cells); and 58 miRNAs were specially inhibited in Pdx1+ cells (Stage 2). Further analysis showed these miRNAs' targets were associated with genetic recombination, stem cell pluripotency maintenance, cellular structure reorganization and insulin secretion. Enrichment analysis using KEGG pathway showed the differentiation of IPCs from hepatocytes was massively more likely not mediated by canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In addition, the BMP/Smad signaling was involved in this progression. We found the dysregulated miRNAs profiles were inconsistent with cell phenotypes and might be responsible for small molecule-mediated cell differentiation during IPCs induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | | | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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Salguero-Aranda C, Tapia-Limonchi R, Cahuana GM, Hitos AB, Diaz I, Hmadcha A, Fraga M, Martín F, Soria B, Tejedo JR, Bedoya FJ. Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells toward Functional Pancreatic β-Cell Surrogates through Epigenetic Regulation of Pdx1 by Nitric Oxide. Cell Transplant 2018; 25:1879-1892. [PMID: 26980118 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x691178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1) is a transcription factor that regulates the embryonic development of the pancreas and the differentiation toward β cells. Previously, we have shown that exposure of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) to high concentrations of diethylenetriamine nitric oxide adduct (DETA-NO) triggers differentiation events and promotes the expression of Pdx1. Here we report evidence that Pdx1 expression is associated with release of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and P300 from its promoter region. These events are accompanied by epigenetic changes in bivalent markers of histones trimethylated histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) and H3K4me3, site-specific changes in DNA methylation, and no change in H3 acetylation. On the basis of these findings, we developed a protocol to differentiate mESCs toward insulin-producing cells consisting of sequential exposure to DETA-NO, valproic acid, and P300 inhibitor (C646) to enhance Pdx1 expression and a final maturation step of culture in suspension to form cell aggregates. This small molecule-based protocol succeeds in obtaining cells that express pancreatic β-cell markers such as PDX1, INS1, GCK, and GLUT2 and respond in vitro to high glucose and KCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Salguero-Aranda
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seville, Spain.,Center for Network Research in Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cell Therapy Network, Madrid (RED-TERCEL), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Fundación Progreso y Salud, Seville, Spain
| | - Rafael Tapia-Limonchi
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seville, Spain.,Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Gladys Margot Cahuana
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seville, Spain.,Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Belen Hitos
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seville, Spain.,Center for Network Research in Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Diaz
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seville, Spain.,Center for Network Research in Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Abdelkrim Hmadcha
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seville, Spain.,Cell Therapy Network, Madrid (RED-TERCEL), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Fundación Progreso y Salud, Seville, Spain
| | - Mario Fraga
- Department of Epigenetics, Oncologic Institute of Principado of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Franz Martín
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seville, Spain.,Center for Network Research in Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Bernat Soria
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seville, Spain.,Center for Network Research in Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cell Therapy Network, Madrid (RED-TERCEL), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Fundación Progreso y Salud, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Rigoberto Tejedo
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seville, Spain.,Center for Network Research in Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cell Therapy Network, Madrid (RED-TERCEL), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Bedoya
- Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seville, Spain.,Center for Network Research in Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cell Therapy Network, Madrid (RED-TERCEL), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
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El-Asfar RK, Kamal MM, Abd El-Razek RS, El-Demerdash E, El-Mesallamy HO. Obestatin can potentially differentiate Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells into insulin-producing cells. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 372:91-98. [PMID: 29159483 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2725-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In vitro-generation of β-cells from Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) could provide a potential basis for diabetes mellitus cell therapy. However, the generation of functional insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from WJ-MSCs remains a challenge. Recently, obestatin, a gut hormone, was found to promote β-cell generation from pancreatic precursor cells. Accordingly, we hypothesize that obestatin can induce the differentiation of WJ-MSCs into IPCs. Therefore, the purpose of the current study is to examine the ability of obestatin to generate IPCs in comparison to well-known extrinsic factors that are commonly used in IPCs differentiation protocols from MSCs, namely exendin-4 and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). To achieve our aims, WJ-MSCs were isolated, cultured and characterized by immunophenotyping and adipocytes differentiation. Afterwards, WJ-MSCs were induced to differentiate into IPCs using two differentiation protocols incorporating either exendin-4, GLP-1 or obestatin. The pancreatic progenitor marker, nestin and β-cell differentiation markers were assessed by qRT-PCR, while the functionality of the generated IPCs was assessed by glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Our results showed that WJ-MSCs exhibit all the characteristics of MSCs. Interestingly, using obestatin in both the short and long differentiation protocols managed to induce the expression of β-cell markers, similar to exendin-4. In GSIS, IPCs generated using either GLP-1 or obestatin showed higher secretion of insulin as compared to those generated using exendin-4 under low-glucose conditions but failed to show a significant response to increased glucose. These results indicate obestatin can be considered as a novel potential factor to consider for generation of IPCs from WJ-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana K El-Asfar
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Kamal
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Rania S Abd El-Razek
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Ebtehal El-Demerdash
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Hala O El-Mesallamy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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Sadik NAH, Metwally NS, Shaker OG, Soliman MS, Mohamed AA, Abdelmoaty MM. Local renin-angiotensin system regulates the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into insulin-producing cells through angiotensin type 2 receptor. Biochimie 2017; 137:132-138. [PMID: 28288872 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation of stem cells into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) suitable for therapeutic transplantation offers a desperately needed approach for the diabetic patients. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms during the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into IPCs assists the successful production of IPCs and provides an important insight into the improvement of the role of MSCs as a therapeutic tool for diabetes mellitus (DM). The present study aimed to investigate the role of local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) on MSCs differentiation into IPCs by measuring the expression of local RAS in MSCs during the differentiation into IPCs and assessing the effect of angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) blocker and angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) blocker on the differentiation process. Our data showed that the differentiation of MSCs into IPCs was associated with an increase in cellular angiotensinogen, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), renin, and AT2R expression and undetectable expression of AT1R. The net effect was an increase in cellular angiotensin II (Ang II) during the differentiation process. AT1R blockade allowed the differentiation of MSCs into IPCs, whereas AT2R blockade alone and blockade of both AT1R and AT2R inhibited the differentiation of MSCs into IPCs. Our data demonstrated an important role of local RAS in the regulation of MSCs differentiation into IPCs and that Ang II mainly orchestrates this role through AT2R activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermin Abdel-Hamid Sadik
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Einy St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Nadia Said Metwally
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, El-buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Olfat Gamil Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr El-Einy St., Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Sanad Soliman
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, El-buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
| | | | - Mai Mohamed Abdelmoaty
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, El-buhouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
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Gerace D, Martiniello-Wilks R, Nassif NT, Lal S, Steptoe R, Simpson AM. CRISPR-targeted genome editing of mesenchymal stem cell-derived therapies for type 1 diabetes: a path to clinical success? Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:62. [PMID: 28279194 PMCID: PMC5345178 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0511-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their ease of isolation, differentiation capabilities, and immunomodulatory properties, the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been assessed in numerous pre-clinical and clinical settings. Currently, whole pancreas or islet transplantation is the only cure for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and, due to the autoimmune nature of the disease, MSCs have been utilised either natively or transdifferentiated into insulin-producing cells (IPCs) as an alternative treatment. However, the initial success in pre-clinical animal models has not translated into successful clinical outcomes. Thus, this review will summarise the current state of MSC-derived therapies for the treatment of T1D in both the pre-clinical and clinical setting, in particular their use as an immunomodulatory therapy and targets for the generation of IPCs via gene modification. In this review, we highlight the limitations of current clinical trials of MSCs for the treatment of T1D, and suggest the novel clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) gene-editing technology and improved clinical trial design as strategies to translate pre-clinical success to the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Gerace
- The School of Life Sciences, Chronic Disease Solutions Team and the Centre for Health Technologies, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Rosetta Martiniello-Wilks
- The School of Life Sciences, Chronic Disease Solutions Team and the Centre for Health Technologies, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Translational Cancer Research Group, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Najah Therese Nassif
- The School of Life Sciences, Chronic Disease Solutions Team and the Centre for Health Technologies, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Sara Lal
- The School of Life Sciences, Chronic Disease Solutions Team and the Centre for Health Technologies, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Raymond Steptoe
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ann Margaret Simpson
- The School of Life Sciences, Chronic Disease Solutions Team and the Centre for Health Technologies, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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Sebastiani G, Valentini M, Grieco GE, Ventriglia G, Nigi L, Mancarella F, Pellegrini S, Martino G, Sordi V, Piemonti L, Dotta F. MicroRNA expression profiles of human iPSCs differentiation into insulin-producing cells. Acta Diabetol 2017; 54:265-281. [PMID: 28039581 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-016-0955-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS MicroRNAs are a class of small noncoding RNAs, which control gene expression by inhibition of mRNA translation. MicroRNAs are involved in the control of biological processes including cell differentiation. Here, we aim at characterizing microRNA expression profiles during differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into insulin-producing cells. METHODS We differentiated hiPSCs toward endocrine pancreatic lineage following a 18-day protocol. We analyzed genes and microRNA expression levels using RT real-time PCR and TaqMan microRNA arrays followed by bioinformatic functional analysis. RESULTS MicroRNA expression profiles analysis of undifferentiated hiPSCs during pancreatic differentiation revealed that 347/768 microRNAs were expressed at least in one time point of all samples. We observed 18 microRNAs differentially expressed: 11 were upregulated (miR-9-5p, miR-9-3p, miR-10a, miR-99a-3p, miR-124a, miR-135a, miR-138, miR-149, miR-211, miR-342-3p and miR-375) and 7 downregulated (miR-31, miR-127, miR-143, miR-302c-3p, miR-373, miR-518b and miR-520c-3p) during differentiation into insulin-producing cells. Selected microRNAs were further evaluated during differentiation of Sendai-virus-reprogrammed hiPSCs using an improved endocrine pancreatic beta cell derivation protocol and, moreover, in differentiated NKX6.1+ sorted cells. Following Targetscan7.0 analysis of target genes of differentially expressed microRNAs and gene ontology classification, we found that such target genes belong to categories of major significance in pancreas organogenesis and development or exocytosis. CONCLUSIONS We detected a specific hiPSCs microRNAs signature during differentiation into insulin-producing cells and demonstrated that differentially expressed microRNAs target several genes involved in pancreas organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Sebastiani
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto di Mario ONLUS, Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Valentini
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto di Mario ONLUS, Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Emanuela Grieco
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto di Mario ONLUS, Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuliana Ventriglia
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto di Mario ONLUS, Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Laura Nigi
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto di Mario ONLUS, Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Mancarella
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto di Mario ONLUS, Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Silvia Pellegrini
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianvito Martino
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Sordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
- Fondazione Umberto di Mario ONLUS, Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy.
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Mu X, Ren L, Yan H, Zhang X, Xu T, Wei A, Jiang J. Enhanced differentiation of human amniotic fluid-derived stem cells into insulin-producing cells in vitro. J Diabetes Investig 2017; 8:34-43. [PMID: 27240324 PMCID: PMC5217909 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION To investigate the ability of human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) to differentiate into insulin-producing cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS hAFSCs were induced to differentiate into pancreatic cells by a multistep protocol. The expressions of pancreas-related genes and proteins, including pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1, insulin, and glucose transporter 2, were detected by polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. Insulin secreted from differentiated cells was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS hAFSCs were successfully isolated from amniotic fluid that expressed the pluripotent markers of embryonic stem cells, such as Oct3/4, and mesenchymal stem cells, such as integrin β-1 and ecto-5'-nucleotidase. Here, we first obtained the hAFSCs that expressed pluripotent marker stage-specific embryonic antigen 1. Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1, paired box gene 4 and paired box gene 6 were expressed in the early phase of induction, and then stably expressed in the differentiated cells. The pancreas-related genes, such as insulin, glucokinase, glucose transporter 2 and Nkx6.1, were expressed in the differentiated cells. Immunofluorescence showed that these differentiated cells co-expressed insulin, C-peptide, and pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1. Insulin was released in response to glucose stimulation in a manner similar to that of adult human islets. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that hAFSCs, under selective culture conditions, could differentiate into islet-like insulin-producing cells, which might be used as a potential source for transplantation in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu‐Peng Mu
- Department of Central LaboratoryChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Li‐Qun Ren
- College of PharmacyJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Hao‐Wei Yan
- College of PharmacyJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | | | - Tian‐Min Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - An‐Hui Wei
- College of PharmacyJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Jin‐Lan Jiang
- Department of Central LaboratoryChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
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Larsen BM, Marty-Santos L, Newman M, Lukacs DT, Spence JR, Wellik DM. Hox6 genes modulate in vitro differentiation of mESCs to insulin-producing cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2016; 52:974-82. [PMID: 27444630 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-016-0066-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The differentiation of glucose-responsive, insulin-producing cells from ESCs in vitro is promising as a cellular therapy for the treatment of diabetes, a devastating and common disease. Pancreatic β-cells are derived from the endoderm in vivo and therefore most current protocols attempt to generate a pure population of first endoderm, then pancreas epithelium, and finally insulin-producing cells. Despite this, differentiation protocols result in mixed populations of cells that are often poorly defined, but also contain mesoderm. Using an in vitro mESC-to-β cell differentiation protocol, we show that expression of region-specific Hox genes is induced. We also show that the loss of function of the Hox6 paralogous group, genes expressed only in the mesenchyme of the pancreas (not epithelium), affect the differentiation of insulin-producing cells in vitro. This work is consistent with the important role for these mesoderm-specific factors in vivo and highlights contribution of supporting mesenchymal cells in in vitro differentiation.
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Kassem DH, Kamal MM, El-Kholy AELG, El-Mesallamy HO. Exendin-4 enhances the differentiation of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells into insulin-producing cells through activation of various β-cell markers. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:108. [PMID: 27515427 PMCID: PMC4981957 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0374-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is a devastating metabolic disease. Generation of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) from stem cells, especially from Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs), has sparked much interest recently. Exendin-4 has several beneficial effects on MSCs and β cells. However, its effects on generation of IPCs from WJ-MSCs specifically have not been studied adequately. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate how exendin-4 could affect the differentiation outcome of WJ-MSCs into IPCs, and to investigate the role played by exendin-4 in this differentiation process. Methods WJ-MSCs were isolated, characterized and then induced to differentiate into IPCs using two differentiation protocols: protocol A, without exendin-4; and protocol B, with exendin-4. Differentiated IPCs were assessed by the expression of various β-cell-related markers using quantitative RT-PCR, and functionally by measuring glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Results The differentiation protocol B incorporating exendin-4 significantly boosted the expression levels of β-cell-related genes Pdx-1, Nkx2.2, Isl-1 and MafA. Moreover, IPCs generated by protocol B showed much better response to variable glucose concentrations as compared with those derived from protocol A, which totally lacked such response. Furthermore, exendin-4 alone induced early differentiation markers such as Pdx-1 and Nkx2.2 but not Isl-1, besides inducing late markers such as MafA. In addition, exendin-4 showed a synergistic effect with nicotinamide and β-mercaptoethanol in the induction of these markers. Conclusions Exendin-4 profoundly improves the differentiation outcome of WJ-MSCs into IPCs, possibly through the ability to induce the expression of β-cell markers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-016-0374-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina H Kassem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Kamal
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Latif G El-Kholy
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala O El-Mesallamy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Corritore E, Lee YS, Pasquale V, Liberati D, Hsu MJ, Lombard CA, Van Der Smissen P, Vetere A, Bonner-Weir S, Piemonti L, Sokal E, Lysy PA. V-Maf Musculoaponeurotic Fibrosarcoma Oncogene Homolog A Synthetic Modified mRNA Drives Reprogramming of Human Pancreatic Duct-Derived Cells Into Insulin-Secreting Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5:1525-1537. [PMID: 27405779 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
: β-Cell replacement therapy represents the most promising approach to restore β-cell mass and glucose homeostasis in patients with type 1 diabetes. Safety and ethical issues associated with pluripotent stem cells stimulated the search for adult progenitor cells with endocrine differentiation capacities. We have already described a model for expansion and differentiation of human pancreatic duct-derived cells (HDDCs) into insulin-producing cells. Here we show an innovative and robust in vitro system for large-scale production of β-like cells from HDDCs using a nonintegrative RNA-based reprogramming technique. Synthetic modified RNAs for pancreatic transcription factors (pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1, neurogenin3, and V-Maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A [MAFA]) were manufactured and daily transfected in HDDCs without strongly affecting immune response and cell viability. MAFA overexpression was efficient and sufficient to induce β-cell differentiation of HDDCs, which acquired a broad repertoire of mature β-cell markers while downregulating characteristic epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers. Within 7 days, MAFA-reprogrammed HDDC populations contained 37% insulin-positive cells and a proportion of endocrine cells expressing somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide. Ultrastructure analysis of differentiated HDDCs showed both immature and mature insulin granules with light-backscattering properties. Furthermore, in vitro HDDC-derived β cells (called β-HDDCs) secreted human insulin and C-peptide in response to glucose, KCl, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, and tolbutamide stimulation. Transplantation of β-HDDCs into diabetic SCID-beige mice confirmed their functional glucose-responsive insulin secretion and their capacity to mitigate hyperglycemia. Our data describe a new, reliable, and fast procedure in adult human pancreatic cells to generate clinically relevant amounts of new β cells with potential to reverse diabetes. SIGNIFICANCE β-Cell replacement therapy represents the most promising approach to restore glucose homeostasis in patients with type 1 diabetes. This study shows an innovative and robust in vitro system for large-scale production of β-like cells from human pancreatic duct-derived cells (HDDCs) using a nonintegrative RNA-based reprogramming technique. V-Maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A overexpression was efficient and sufficient to induce β-cell differentiation and insulin secretion from HDDCs in response to glucose stimulation, allowing the cells to mitigate hyperglycemia in diabetic SCID-beige mice. The data describe a new, reliable, and fast procedure in adult human pancreatic cells to generate clinically relevant amounts of new β cells with the potential to reverse diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Corritore
- Pediatric Research Laboratory, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yong-Syu Lee
- Pediatric Research Laboratory, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valentina Pasquale
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Liberati
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Mei-Ju Hsu
- Pediatric Research Laboratory, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catherine Anne Lombard
- Pediatric Research Laboratory, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Amedeo Vetere
- Chemical Biology Program, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susan Bonner-Weir
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Etienne Sokal
- Pediatric Research Laboratory, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe A Lysy
- Pediatric Research Laboratory, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Abstract
The current treatment approach for type 1 diabetes is based on daily insulin injections, combined with blood glucose monitoring. However, administration of exogenous insulin fails to mimic the physiological activity of the islet, therefore diabetes often progresses with the development of serious complications such as kidney failure, retinopathy and vascular disease. Whole pancreas transplantation is associated with risks of major invasive surgery along with side effects of immunosuppressive therapy to avoid organ rejection. Replacement of pancreatic beta-cells would represent an ideal treatment that could overcome the above mentioned therapeutic hurdles. In this context, transplantation of islets of Langerhans is considered a less invasive procedure although long-term outcomes showed that only 10 % of the patients remained insulin independent five years after the transplant. Moreover, due to shortage of organs and the inability of islet to be expanded ex vivo, this therapy can be offered to a very limited number of patients. Over the past decade, cellular therapies have emerged as the new frontier of treatment of several diseases. Furthermore the advent of stem cells as renewable source of cell-substitutes to replenish the beta cell population, has blurred the hype on islet transplantation. Breakthrough cellular approaches aim to generate stem-cell-derived insulin producing cells, which could make diabetes cellular therapy available to millions. However, to date, stem cell therapy for diabetes is still in its early experimental stages. This review describes the most reliable sources of stem cells that have been developed to produce insulin and their most relevant experimental applications for the cure of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Okere
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena Policlinic, Modena, 41100, Italy
| | - Laura Lucaccioni
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena Policlinic, Modena, 41100, Italy.,Child Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Massimo Dominici
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena Policlinic, Modena, 41100, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Iughetti
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children & Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena Policlinic, Modena, 41100, Italy.
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Pellegrini S, Ungaro F, Mercalli A, Melzi R, Sebastiani G, Dotta F, Broccoli V, Piemonti L, Sordi V. Human induced pluripotent stem cells differentiate into insulin-producing cells able to engraft in vivo. Acta Diabetol 2015; 52:1025-35. [PMID: 25733399 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-015-0726-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS New sources of insulin-secreting cells are strongly required for the cure of diabetes. Recent successes in differentiating embryonic stem cells, in combination with the discovery that it is possible to derive human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells, have raised the possibility that patient-specific beta cells might be derived from patients through cell reprogramming and differentiation. In this study, we aimed to obtain insulin-producing cells from human iPSCs and test their ability to secrete insulin in vivo. METHODS Human iPSCs, derived from both fetal and adult fibroblasts, were differentiated in vitro into pancreas-committed cells and then transplanted into immunodeficient mice at two different stages of differentiation (posterior foregut and endocrine cells). RESULTS IPSCs were shown to differentiate in insulin-producing cells in vitro, following the stages of pancreatic organogenesis. At the end of the differentiation, the production of INSULIN mRNA was highly increased and 5 ± 2.9 % of the cell population became insulin-positive. Terminally differentiated cells also produced C-peptide in vitro in both basal and stimulated conditions. In vivo, mice transplanted with pancreatic cells secreted human C-peptide in response to glucose stimulus, but transplanted cells were observed to lose insulin secretion capacity during the time. At histological evaluation, the grafts resulted to be composed of a mixed population of cells containing mature pancreatic cells, but also pluripotent and some neuronal cells. CONCLUSION These data overall suggest that human iPSCs have the potential to generate insulin-producing cells and that these differentiated cells can engraft and secrete insulin in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pellegrini
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Ungaro
- Stem Cells and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Mercalli
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Melzi
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Guido Sebastiani
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Vania Broccoli
- Stem Cells and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Valeria Sordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
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Jian RL, Mao LB, Xu Y, Li XF, Wang FP, Luo XG, Zhou H, He HP, Wang N, Zhang TC. Generation of insulin-producing cells from C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal progenitor cells. Gene 2015; 562:107-16. [PMID: 25724395 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.02.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to be an attractive source for the generation of transplantable surrogate β cells. A murine embryonic mesenchymal progenitor cell line C3H10T1/2 has been recognized as a model for MSCs, because of its multi-lineage differentiation potential. The purpose of this study was to explore whether C3H/10T1/2 cells have the potential to differentiate into insulin-producing cells (IPCs). Here, we investigated and compared the in vitro differentiation of rat MSCs and C3H10T1/2 cells into IPCs. After the cells underwent IPC differentiation, the expression of differentiation markers were detected by immunocytochemistry, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. The insulin secretion was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, these differentiated cells were transplanted into streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice and their biological functions were tested in vivo. This study reports a 2-stage method to generate IPCs from C3H10T1/2 cells. Under specific induction conditions for 7-8 days, C3H10T1/2 cells formed three-dimensional spheroid bodies (SBs) and secreted insulin, while generation of IPCs derived from rat MSCs required a long time (more than 2 weeks). Furthermore, these IPCs derived from C3H10T1/2 cells were injected into diabetic mice and improves basal glucose, body weight and exhibited normal glucose tolerance test. The present study provided a simple and faithful in vitro model for further investigating the mechanism underlying IPC differentiation of MSCs and cell replacement therapy for diabetes.
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Dave S. Mesenchymal stem cells derived in vitro transdifferentiated insulin-producing cells: A new approach to treat type 1 diabetes. Adv Biomed Res 2014; 3:266. [PMID: 25625105 PMCID: PMC4298883 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.148247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is largely related to an innate defect in the immune system culminating in a loss of self-tolerance and destruction of the insulin-producing β-cells. Currently, there is no definitive cure for T1DM. Insulin injection does not mimic the precise regulation of β-cells on glucose homeostasis, leading long term to the development of complications. Stem cell therapy is a promising approach and specifically mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer a promising possibility that deserves to be explored further. MSCs are multipotent, nonhematopoietic progenitors. They have been explored as an treatment option in tissue regeneration as well as potential of in vitro transdifferentiation into insulin-secreting cells. Thus, the major therapeutic goals for T1DM have been achieved in this way. The regenerative capabilities of MSCs have been a driving force to initiate studies testing their therapeutic effectiveness; their immunomodulatory properties have been equally exciting; which would appear capable of disabling immune dysregulation that leads to β-cell destruction in T1DM. Furthermore, MSCs can be cultured under specially defined conditions, their transdifferentiation can be directed toward the β-cell phenotype, and the formation of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) can be targeted. To date, the role of MSCs-derived IPC in T1DM–a unique approach with some positive findings–have been unexplored, but it is still in its very early phase. In this study, a new approach of MSCs-derived IPCs, as a potential therapeutic benefit for T1DM in experimental animal models as well as in humans has been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Dave
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Transfusion Services and Immunohematology, Stem Cell Lab and Transplant Biology Research Centre, G. R. Doshi and K. M. Mehta Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre-Dr. H. L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences, Civil Hospital Campus, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Miyashita K, Miyatsuka T, Matsuoka TA, Sasaki S, Takebe S, Yasuda T, Watada H, Kaneto H, Shimomura I. Sequential introduction and dosage balance of defined transcription factors affect reprogramming efficiency from pancreatic duct cells into insulin-producing cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 444:514-9. [PMID: 24472553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.01.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
While the exogenous expression of a combination of transcription factors have been shown to induce the conversion of non-β cells into insulin-producing cells, the reprogramming efficiency remains still low. In order to develop an in vitro screening system for an optimized reprogramming protocol, we generated the reporter cell line mPac-MIP-RFP in which the reprogramming efficiency can be quantified with red fluorescent protein expressed under the control of the insulin promoter. Analysis with mPac-MIP-RFP cells sequentially infected with adenoviruses expressing Pdx1, Neurog3, and Mafa revealed that expression of Pdx1 prior to Neurog3 or Mafa augments the reprogramming efficiency. Next, infection with a polycistronic adenoviral vector expressing Pdx1, Neurog3 and Mafa significantly increased the expression level of insulin compared with the simultaneous infection of three adenoviruses carrying each transcription factor, although excessive expression of Mafa together with the polycistronic vector dramatically inhibited the reprogramming into insulin-producing cells. Thus, in vitro screening with the mPac-MIP-RFP reporter cell line demonstrated that the timing and dosage of gene delivery with defined transcription factors influence the reprogramming efficiency. Further investigation should optimize the reprogramming conditions for the future cell therapy of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyuki Miyashita
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyatsuka
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Medicine, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Center for Molecular Diabetology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Taka-Aki Matsuoka
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shugo Sasaki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satomi Takebe
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuyuki Yasuda
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- Department of Medicine, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Center for Molecular Diabetology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kaneto
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Ouyang J, Huang W, Yu W, Xiong W, Mula RVR, Zou H, Yu Y. Generation of insulin-producing cells from rat mesenchymal stem cells using an aminopyrrole derivative XW4.4. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 208:1-7. [PMID: 24287272 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), a multisystem disease with both biochemical and anatomical/structural consequences, is a major health concern worldwide. Pancreatic islet transplantation provides a promising treatment for T1DM. However, the limited availability of islet tissue or new sources of insulin producing cells (IPCs) that are responsive to glucose hinder this promising approach. Though slow, the development of pancreatic beta-cell lines from rodent or human origin has been steadily progressing. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent, culture-expanded, non-hematopoietic cells that are currently being investigated as a novel cellular therapy. The in vitro differentiation potential of IPCs has raised hopes for a treatment of clinical diseases associated with autoimmunity. We screened for small molecules that induce pancreatic differentiation of IPCs. There are some compounds which showed positive effects on the DTZ staining. The aminopyrrole derivative compound XW4.4 which shows the best activity among them was found to induce pancreatic differentiation of rat MSCs (rMSCs). The in vitro studies indicated that treatment of rMSCs with compound XW4.4 resulted in differentiated cells with characteristics of IPCs including islet-like clusters, spherical, grape-like morphology, insulin secretion, positive for dithizone, glucose stimulation and expression of pancreatic endocrine cell marker genes. The data has also suggested that hepatocyte nuclear factor 3β (HNF 3β) may be involved in pancreatic differentiation of rMSCs when treated with XW4.4. Results indicate that XW4.4 induced rMSCs support the efforts to derive functional IPCs and serve as a means to alleviate limitations surrounding islet cell transplantation in the treatment of T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfeng Ouyang
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, No 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Morphology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, No 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Wanwan Yu
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, No 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, No 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; The First People's Hospital of Jiande, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 311600, China
| | | | - Hongbin Zou
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, No 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Yongping Yu
- Institute of Materia Medica, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, No 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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Shi Q, Luo S, Jia H, Feng L, Lu X, Zhou L, Cai J. Wnt/β-catenin signaling may be involved with the maturation, but not the differentiation, of insulin-producing cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2013; 67:745-50. [PMID: 23680408 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling (WNT) has widespread roles during stem cell differentiation. Whether WNT suppresses or promotes insulin-producing cell (IPC) differentiation and function is still not known. In this study, we investigated the role of WNT signaling during human adipose-derived stem cell (hADSC) differentiation into IPCs. Western blot analysis revealed that several key components of WNT were dynamically regulated in a 12-day IPC differentiation assay. Specifically, protein levels of Wnt1, β-catenin, and GSK3β steadily increased from day 0 to day 9 and rapidly decreased by day 12 of differentiation. Similarly, endonuclear β-catenin levels peaked at day 9 and then, fell to pre-differentiation levels. The expression of two WNT pathway targets, TCF-1 and cyclin D1, closely followed the same pattern of regulation, confirming that WNT signaling was transiently activated during IPC differentiation. Interestingly, the inhibition of WNT signaling did not block IPC differentiation; instead, it resulted in the upregulation of IPC-specific markers, including PDX-1, insulin, IRS-1, and IRS-2. Notably, another IPC marker, glucokinase, remained downregulated since it is a direct target of WNT signaling. Next, we examined the effect of maintaining active WNT signaling from day 9 to day 12 of IPC differentiation. Differentiating cells were treated with Wnt1 on day 9, when WNT signaling is typically turned off, and subjected to gene expression analysis on day 12. Remarkably, Wnt1 treatment resulted in reduced expression of IPC-specific markers. Taken together, these data indicate that WNT may not be necessary for IPC differentiation but may be involved in IPC maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiping Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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