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López-Gil JF, Sainz de Baranda P, González-Gálvez N, Segarra-Vicens E, Valero-Valenzuela A, Avellaneda A, Avilés-Martínez MA, López Barrancos S, Díaz Delgado M, Victoria-Montesinos D, Ureña Villanueva F, Alcaraz PE. Region of Murcia's 2022 report card on physical activity for children and youth. J Exerc Sci Fit 2024; 22:227-236. [PMID: 38559908 PMCID: PMC10979110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this review was to summarize the process and results of the Region of Murcia's 2022 Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth. Methods Indicators from the Global Matrix initiative (Overall Physical Activity, Organized Sport & Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, Active Play, Active Transport, Sedentary Behaviors, Family & Peers, School, Community & Environment, and Government) were evaluated based on the best available data in the Region of Murcia. Results Active play was the indicator with the highest grade (B+), followed by Organized Sport & Physical Activity (B) and Active Play (B). School and Family and Peers indicators obtained a C+ and C grade, respectively. Both Community and Environment and Sedentary Behaviors indicators received a D+ grade. The grade for Overall Physical Activity and Government indicators was D. Physical Fitness was the indicator with the lowest grade of this Report Card (D-). None of the indicators received an incomplete grade (INC) because of a lack of available information. Conclusions The present Report Card offers evidence highlighting the low level of physical activity in Spanish children and adolescents living in the Region of Murcia. Further studies and surveillance efforts are urgently needed for most of the indicators analyzed, which should be addressed by researchers and the Region of Murcia's Government for this specific population. A strong commitment from the Government of the Region of Murcia is needed at all levels to promote a cultural change that will lead children and young people in this region to improve the current situation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pilar Sainz de Baranda
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Physical Activity and Sport, University of Murcia, San Javier, 30720, Murcia, Spain
- Sports and Musculoskeletal System Research Group (RAQUIS), Campus de San Javier, University of Murcia, 30720, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Eduardo Segarra-Vicens
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Physical Activity and Sport, University of Murcia, San Javier, 30720, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alfonso Valero-Valenzuela
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Physical Activity and Sport, University of Murcia, San Javier, 30720, Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Avellaneda
- R&D Department, ElPozo Alimentación S.A., 30840, Alhama de Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pedro Emilio Alcaraz
- Facultad Del Deporte. UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, 30107, Murcia, Spain
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, San Antonio Catholic University of Murcia, 30830, Murcia, Spain
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Scott ML, DeChants JP, Atteberry-Ash B, Walls NE. Identity Matters: Religious Experiences of US based Transgender Young People. J Relig Health 2024; 63:2443-2465. [PMID: 36547783 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01723-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Research centered on the socioemotional benefits of religion and religious congregations for young people has highlighted largely positive outcomes for both young people and religious congregations. However, fewer studies have explored whether transgender young people receive those same socioemotional benefits from being religiously affiliated. Using secondary quantitative data from the 2015 US Transgender Survey, this study examined the religious experiences of transgender young people (aged 18-24). The data indicate that individual demographics (e.g., race, gender identity, sexual orientation, religious affiliation) affected the religious experiences of transgender young people, including leaving their congregations due to the fear of being rejected. More research is needed on the socioemotional benefits of religious affiliation for transgender young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marquisha Lawrence Scott
- Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, 2148 S. High Street, Denver, CO, 80208, USA.
| | - Jonah P DeChants
- School of Social Work, Colorado State University, 1586 Campus Deliver, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Brittanie Atteberry-Ash
- School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, Social Work Complex - A, Room 211, 211 South Cooper Street, Box 19129, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - N Eugene Walls
- Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, 2148 S. High Street, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
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3
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Que J, Chen S, Chan NY, Wu S, Zhang L, Chen Y, Liu J, Chen M, Chen L, Li SX, Lin D, Liu F, Wing YK. Associations of evening-type and insomnia symptoms with depressive symptoms among youths. Sleep Med 2024; 118:81-87. [PMID: 38626648 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evening-type and insomnia symptoms are significantly related to each other and independently associated with depressive symptoms, yet few studies have examined the potential interaction between these two conditions. Therefore, we aimed to examine the associations of evening-type and insomnia symptoms with depressive symptoms among Chinese youths, with a specific focus on the joint effects of the two conditions on depressive symptoms. METHODS Participants aged between 12 and 25 were invited to participate in an online survey from December 15, 2022, to May 26, 2023. Multivariate logistic regression models and additive interaction models were used to examine the independent and joint effects of chronotypes and insomnia symptoms on depressive symptoms, respectively. RESULTS Of the 6145 eligible youths, the prevalence of evening-type and insomnia symptoms were 24.9 % and 29.6 %, respectively. Both evening-type (adjusted OR, [AdjOR]: 3.21, 95 % CI: 2.80-3.67) and insomnia symptoms (AdjOR: 10.53, 95 % CI: 9.14-12.12) were associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms. In addition, the additive interaction models showed that there is an enhanced risk of depression related to interaction between evening-type and insomnia symptoms (relative excess risk due to interaction, [RERI]: 11.66, 95 % CI: 7.21-16.11). CONCLUSIONS The present study provided additional evidence demonstrating the presence of interaction between evening-type and insomnia symptoms, which can lead to a higher risk of depressive symptoms. Our findings argue the need for addressing both sleep and circadian factors in the management of depressive symptoms in young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Que
- Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xianyue Hospital Affiliated with Xiamen Medical College, Fujian Psychiatric Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Fujian, China
| | - Sijing Chen
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; Centre de Recherche CERVO/Brain Research Center, École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ngan Yin Chan
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Suying Wu
- Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xianyue Hospital Affiliated with Xiamen Medical College, Fujian Psychiatric Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Fujian, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Mental Health Center, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yaoyi Chen
- Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xianyue Hospital Affiliated with Xiamen Medical College, Fujian Psychiatric Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Fujian, China
| | - Jingrou Liu
- Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | | | - Lixia Chen
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Mental Health Center, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Shirley Xin Li
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China; The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Duoduo Lin
- Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xianyue Hospital Affiliated with Xiamen Medical College, Fujian Psychiatric Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Fujian, China.
| | - Farong Liu
- Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xianyue Hospital Affiliated with Xiamen Medical College, Fujian Psychiatric Center, Fujian Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Fujian, China.
| | - Yun Kwok Wing
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
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Gibson M, Leske S, Ward R, Weir B, Russell K, Kolves K. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth suicide mortality and previous mental health, suicidality and service use in Queensland, Australia, from 2001 to 2021. J Affect Disord 2024; 354:55-61. [PMID: 38484672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study aimed to compare current suicide rates, trends, previous treatment, suicidality and mental health diagnoses for First Nations and non-Indigenous young people who died by suicide. METHODS Age-specific suicide rates (ASSRs) were calculated per 100,000 persons/year using suicides aged 10-19 years in the Queensland Suicide Register. Rate Ratios (RRs) and 95 % CIs compared ASSRs for First Nations and non-Indigenous youth dying by suicide in Queensland, Australia, from 2001 to 2018. Risk ratios (RiskR) with 95 % CIs compared characteristics between First Nations and non-Indigenous youth suicides. Joinpoint regression was used to identify any changes in trends and annual percentage change (APC) in suicides with 95 % CIs. RESULTS The First Nations youth ASSR was 24.71 deaths per 100,000 persons/year, 4.5 times the non-Indigenous ASSR (95 % CI = 3.74-5.38, p < 0.001). Both non-Indigenous and First Nations suicide trends were stable with no joinpoints (APC: 0.3 %, 95 % CI: -1.6-2.2, p = 0.78; APC: 0.9 %, 95 % CI: -0.2-2.1, p = 0.11). Less than a quarter (23.9 %) of First Nations young people had ever received mental health treatment, significantly fewer than non-Indigenous youth (RiskR = 0.80, 95 % CI = 0.71-0.90, p < 0.001). Similarly, in the three months preceding their death, only 14.5 % of First Nations young people had received mental health treatment (RiskR = 0.89, 95 % CI = 0.83-97, p = 0.015). LIMITATIONS Reported mental illness, suicidality and help-seeking could be underreported due to concealment from family or police. CONCLUSIONS The current study finds no change in the gap between the First Nations and Non-Indigenous youth suicide rates nor evidence of decrease in the First Nations youth suicide rate. There is a need for alternative approaches to Indigenous youth suicide prevention, such as assertive outreach models outside of traditional triage and mental health systems to proactively build trusting relationships with young people in communities to identify young people needing support.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gibson
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - S Leske
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; UQ Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Queensland, Toowong, Queensland, Australia
| | - R Ward
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Institute for Resilient Regions, Knowledge Broker First Nations Engagement Southern Queensland & Northern NSW Drought Resilience Adoption & Innovation Hub, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - B Weir
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - K Russell
- Beyond the Pale Aboriginal and Torres Strait youth mental health support services, Australia
| | - K Kolves
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Miconi D, Santavicca T, Frounfelker RL, Mounchingam AN, Rousseau C. Digital media use, depressive symptoms and support for violent radicalization among young Canadians: a latent profile analysis. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:260. [PMID: 38730314 PMCID: PMC11087251 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01739-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the prominent role that digital media play in the lives and mental health of young people as well as in violent radicalization (VR) processes, empirical research aimed to investigate the association between Internet use, depressive symptoms and support for VR among young people is scant. We adopt a person-centered approach to investigate patterns of digital media use and their association with depressive symptoms and support for VR. METHODS A sample of 2,324 Canadian young people (Mage = 30.10; SDage = 5.44 ; 59% women) responded to an online questionnaire. We used latent profile analysis to identify patterns of digital media use and linear regression to estimate the associations between class membership, depressive symptoms and support for VR. RESULTS We identified four classes of individuals with regards to digital media use, named Average Internet Use/Institutional trust, Average internet use/Undifferentiated Trust, Limited Internet Use/Low Trust and Online Relational and Political Engagement/Social Media Trust. Linear regression indicated that individuals in the Online Relational and Political Engagement/Social Media Trust and Average Internet Use/Institutional trust profiles reported the highest and lowest scores of both depression and support for VR, respectively. CONCLUSIONS It is essential to tailor prevention and intervention efforts to mitigate risks of VR to the specific needs and experiences of different groups in society, within a socio-ecological perspective. Prevention should consider both strengths and risks of digital media use and simulteaneously target both online and offline experiences and networks, with a focus on the sociopolitical and relational/emotional components of Internet use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Miconi
- Department of Educational Psychology and Adult Education, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | | | | | | | - Cécile Rousseau
- Division of Social and Cultural Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Powell T, Glozier N, Conn K, Einboden R, Buus N, Caldwell P, Milton A. The impact of early intervention psychosis services on hospitalisation experiences: a qualitative study with young people and their carers. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:350. [PMID: 38730333 PMCID: PMC11088060 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05758-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While a core aim of early intervention psychosis services (EIPS) is to prevent hospitalisation, many with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) will require inpatient care. We explored young people's (YP) and their carers' hospitalisation experiences prior to and during EIPS engagement and how factors across these services influenced these experiences. METHODS Using purposive sampling, we recruited twenty-seven YP, all of whom had been involved with the hospital system at some stage, and twelve support persons (parents and partners of YP) from state and federally funded EIPS in Australia with different models of care and integration with secondary mental health care. Audio-recorded interviews were conducted face-to-face or via phone. A diverse research team (including lived experience, clinician, and academic researchers) used an inductive thematic analysis process. RESULTS Four key themes were identified as influential in shaping participant's hospital experiences and provide ideas for an approach to care that is improved by the effective coordination of that care, and includes this care being delivered in a trauma informed manner: (1) A two-way street: EIPS affected how participants experienced hospitalisation, and vice versa; (2) It's about people: the quality and continuity of relationships participants had with staff, in hospital and at their EIPS, was central to their experience; (3) A gradual feeling of agency: participants viewed EIPS as both reducing involuntary care and supporting their self-management; and (4) Care coordination as navigation for the healthcare system: great when it works; frustrating when it breaks down. CONCLUSIONS Hospitalisation was viewed as a stressful and frequently traumatic event, but a approach to care founded on trust, transparency, and collaboration that is trauma-informed ameliorated this negative experience. Consistent EIPS care coordination was reported as essential in assisting YP and carers navigate the hospital system; conversely, discontinuity in EIPS staff and lack of integration of EIPS with hospital care undermined the positive impact of the EIPS care coordinator during hospitalisation. Care coordinator involvement as a facilitator, information provider, and collaborator in inpatient treatment decisions may improve the usefulness and meaningfulness of hospital interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tacita Powell
- Adolescent Mental Health, Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicholas Glozier
- Sydney School of Medicine (Central Clinical School), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
- The University of Sydney and Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Katrina Conn
- Sydney School of Medicine (Central Clinical School), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
- Department of Education, NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rochelle Einboden
- School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) & CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- School of Nursing, Western Sydney University, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Niels Buus
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Patrick Caldwell
- School of Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Alyssa Milton
- Sydney School of Medicine (Central Clinical School), Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, 94 Mallett Street, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
- The University of Sydney and Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for, Camperdown, Australia.
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Foret-Bruno P, Shafran R, Stephenson T, Nugawela MD, Chan D, Ladhani S, McOwat K, Mensah A, Simmons R, Fox Smith L, D'oelsnitz A, Xu L, Dalrymple E, Heyman I, Ford T, Segal T, Chalder T, Rojas N, Pinto Pereira SM. Prevalence and co-occurrence of cognitive impairment in children and young people up to 12-months post infection with SARS-CoV-2 (Omicron variant). Brain Behav Immun 2024:S0889-1591(24)00389-1. [PMID: 38735404 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is often reported after SARS-CoV-2 infection, yet evidence gaps remain. We aimed to (i) report the prevalence and characteristics of children and young people (CYP) reporting "brain fog" (i.e., cognitive impairment) 12-months post PCR-proven SARS-CoV-2 infection and determine whether differences by infection status exist and (ii) explore the prevalence of CYP experiencing cognitive impairment over a 12-month period post-infection and investigate the relationship between cognitive impairment and poor mental health and well-being, mental fatigue and sleep problems. METHODS The Omicron CLoCk sub-study, set up in January 2022, collected data on first-time PCR-test-positive and PCR-proven reinfected CYP at time of testing and at 3-, 6- and 12-months post-testing. We describe the prevalence of cognitive impairment at 12-months, indicating when it was first reported. We characterise CYP experiencing cognitive impairment and use chi-squared tests to determine whether cognitive impairment prevalence varied by infection status. We explore the relationship between cognitive impairment and poor mental health and well-being, mental fatigue and trouble sleeping using validated scales. We examine associations at 3-, 6- and 12-months post-testing by infection status using Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests. RESULTS At 12-months post-testing, 7.0 % (24/345) of first-positives and 7.5 % (27/360) of reinfected CYP experienced cognitive impairment with no difference between infection-status groups (p = 0.78). The majority of these CYP experienced cognitive impairment for the first time at either time of testing or 3-months post-test (no difference between the infection-status groups; p = 0.60). 70.8 % of first-positives experiencing cognitive impairment at 12-months, were 15-to-17-years-old as were 33.3 % of reinfected CYP experiencing cognitive impairment (p < 0.01). Consistently at all time points post-testing, CYP experiencing cognitive impairment were more likely to score higher on all Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire subscales, higher on the Chalder Fatigue sub-scale for mental fatigue, lower on the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale and report more trouble sleeping. CONCLUSIONS CYP have a fluctuating experience of cognitive impairment by 12-months post SARS-CoV-2-infection. Cognitive impairment is consistently correlated with poorer sleep, behavioural and emotional functioning over a 12-month period. Clinicians should be aware of cognitive impairment post-infection and its co-occurring nature with poorer sleep, behavioural and mental health symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Foret-Bruno
- Institut de Psychologie, Université Lumière Lyon 2, 18 Quai Claude Bernard 69365 LYON Cedex 07, France
| | - Roz Shafran
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - Terence Stephenson
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Manjula D Nugawela
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Dennis Chan
- UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Alexandra House, London, WC1N 3AZ, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Shamez Ladhani
- Immunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Kelsey McOwat
- Immunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Anna Mensah
- Immunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Ruth Simmons
- Immunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Lana Fox Smith
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Anaïs D'oelsnitz
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Laila Xu
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Emma Dalrymple
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Isobel Heyman
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Tamsin Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Hershel Smith Building Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0SZ, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Terry Segal
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, NW1 2PG, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Trudie Chalder
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De'Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Natalia Rojas
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, WC1E 6BT, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Snehal M Pinto Pereira
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, WC1E 6BT, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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Seidu AA, Kumi-Kyereme A, Darteh EKM. Self-reported sexual coercion among in-school young people with disabilities in Ghana. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1223. [PMID: 38702765 PMCID: PMC11067239 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18631-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual coercion is one of the major public health concerns globally. This is even more worrying among young people with disabilities (YPWDs). This study assessed the prevalence and factors associated with sexual coercion among in-school young people with disabilities in Ghana. METHODS Using a cross-sectional study design, pre-tested questionnaires were used to collect data from 979 YPWDs in 15 special schools for the visually and hearing impaired in Ghana. Sexual coercion was the outcome variable. Both descriptive (frequencies and percentages) and inferential analysis (binary logistic regression) were conducted. RESULTS About 68% reported that they had been sexually coerced at some point in their lifetime. This was higher among males (69.9%) compared to females (66.8%). Those aged 15-19 (72.19%) had the highest prevalence compared to those aged 20-24 (61.74%). YPWDs in Junior High School [JHS] [aOR = 1.722; CI = 1.227,2.417], and those in the coastal zone [aOR = 1.616; CI = 1.068,2.443] had higher odds of being coerced. However, those belonging to the Islamic religion [aOR = 0.266; CI = 0.0764,0.928] and the visually impaired [aOR = 0.477; CI = 0.318,0.716] had lower odds of being coerced compared to those with no religion, and the hearing impaired, respectively. CONCLUSION There is a relatively high prevalence of sexual coercion among in- school YPWDs in Ghana. This is significantly associated with level of education, ecological zone, religion, and the type of disability. This calls for a concerted effort by policy makers such as the Ghana Education Service, Ghana Federation of the Disabled, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Gender, Children and Social Protection to intensify sex education and put in pragmatic steps to halt this serious public health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Aziz Seidu
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
| | - Akwasi Kumi-Kyereme
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Eugene K M Darteh
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Lynch L, Moorhead A, Long M, Hawthorne-Steele I. "If you don't actually care for somebody, how can you help them?": Exploring Young People's Core Needs in Mental Healthcare-Directions for Improving Service Provision. Community Ment Health J 2024; 60:796-812. [PMID: 38430285 PMCID: PMC11001725 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01237-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Youth suicide and mental health are important issues of global concern that require timely and evidence-based interventions to increase quality of life and prevent deaths. Findings report that young people have lower mental health help-seeking rates, and there is a lack of qualitative research examining why. The aim of this research study was to further understanding on young people's core needs in mental healthcare based on actual experiences (PLE) of help-seeking with providers of mental health services. Constructivist Grounded Theory methods (Charmaz, 2014) informed this study design, and in-depth interviews and a focus group were conducted with 18 young people. The findings were presented across four sub-categories, which together describe the common factors, that are regarded as essential in youth mental healthcare provision. These include: 1. The services; 2. The helper; 3. The interventions, and 4. The impact of development. Critical discussion into young people's needs in mental healthcare was provided including the key service factors, approach and rapport with helpers, types of intervention and alignment with typical developmental capacity. This article provides guidance on how to improve, design, or reform service provision, and can be a useful resource for policy makers, service providers and practitioners. This study concluded that youth participation in the co-design of service provision is important as it can reduce health disparities and ensure that services provide relevant, respectful and suitable care that reflects the way in which young people experience mental health problems as well as the ways in which they want to be helped.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Lynch
- School of Communication and Media, Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, Ulster University, York Street, Belfast, Co. Antrim, BT15 1ED, Northern Ireland.
| | - Anne Moorhead
- School of Communication and Media, Institute for Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, York Street, Belfast, Co. Antrim, BT15 1ED, Northern Ireland
| | - Maggie Long
- School of Communication and Media, Centre for Communication and Media Research, Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Social Science, Ulster University, York Street, Belfast, Co. Antrim, BT15 1ED, Northern Ireland
| | - Isobel Hawthorne-Steele
- School of Applied Social and Policy Sciences, Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, Ulster University, York Street, Belfast, Co. Antrim, BT15 1ED, Northern Ireland
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10
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Pinto Pereira SM, Nugawela MD, Stephenson T, Foret-Bruno P, Dalrymple E, Xu L, Whittaker E, Heyman I, Ford T, Segal T, Chalder T, Ladhani SN, Mensah AA, McOwat K, Simmons R, Shafran R. Post-Covid-19 condition (Long Covid) in children and young people 12 months after infection or reinfection with the Omicron variant: a prospective observational study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9957. [PMID: 38693285 PMCID: PMC11063180 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60372-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Our previous study in children and young people (CYP) at 3- and 6-months post-infection showed that 12-16% of those infected with the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant of SARS-CoV-2 met the research definition of Long Covid, with no differences between first-positive and reinfected CYP. The primary objective of the current study is to explore the impact of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 infection on young people 12 months post infection. 345 CYP aged 11-17 years with a first laboratory-confirmed infection with the Omicron variant and 360 CYP reinfected with the Omicron variant completed an online questionnaire assessing demographics, symptoms, and their impact shortly after testing and again at 3-, 6-and 12-months post-testing. Vaccination status was determined from information held at UKHSA. Comparisons between groups were made using chi-squared, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The most common symptoms in first-positive and reinfected CYP 12-months post-testing were tiredness (35.7 and 33.6% respectively) and sleeping difficulties (27.5 and 28.3% respectively). Symptom profiles, severity and impact were similar in the two infection status groups. Overall, by 12-months, 17.4% of first-positives and 21.9% of reinfected CYP fulfilled the research consensus Long Covid definition (p = 0.13). 12-months post Omicron infection, there is little difference between first-positive and reinfected CYP with respect to symptom profiles and impact. Clinicians may not therefore need to consider number of infections and type of variant when developing treatment plans. Further studies are needed to assess causality of reported symptoms up to 12-months after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehal M Pinto Pereira
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Manjula D Nugawela
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Terence Stephenson
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Paul Foret-Bruno
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
- Institut de Psychologie, Université Lumière Lyon 2, 18 Quai Claude Bernard, 69365, Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Emma Dalrymple
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Laila Xu
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Elizabeth Whittaker
- Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Isobel Heyman
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Tamsin Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Hershel Smith Building Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Terry Segal
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Trudie Chalder
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De'Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Shamez N Ladhani
- Immunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Anna A Mensah
- Immunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Kelsey McOwat
- Immunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Ruth Simmons
- Immunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases, UK Health Security Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - Roz Shafran
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK.
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11
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Ryan D, Nutting H, Parekh C, Crookes S, Southgate L, Caines K, Dear P, John A, Rehman MA, Davidson D, Abid U, Davidson L, Shire KA, McEachan RRC. Ready, set, co(produce): a co-operative inquiry into co-producing research to explore adolescent health and wellbeing in the Born in Bradford Age of Wonder project. Res Involv Engagem 2024; 10:41. [PMID: 38689373 PMCID: PMC11060965 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-024-00578-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Co-production of research with communities and stakeholders is recognised as best practice, but despite this, transparent reporting and reflective accounts on co-producing research is lacking. Born in Bradford Age of Wonder (AoW) is a large longitudinal health research project, following the health trajectories of up to 30,000 young people across the Bradford district; moreover, AoW has been entirely co-produced with teachers, parents, and young people. This paper describes the co-production of the Born in Bradford Age of Wonder (AoW) project and shares general reflections on co-production from peer researchers involved in co-producing AoW. METHODS A co-operative inquiry (CI) approach was used to gather written reflections on co-production from ten peer researchers (one teacher, one parent, eight young people) involved in co-producing the AoW project. Written reflections were collected and rough "themes" were identified using thematic analysis. RESULTS Four key 'themes' were identified: (1) promoting young people's voice and views (2) identifying impacts of co-production, (3) fostering a collaborative ethos, and (4) suggested improvements to the co-production work in AoW. Peer researchers' reflections highlighted how co-production can positively impact research projects such as AoW, whilst also holding broader benefits including giving young people a voice, facilitating their personal development, and fostering a collaborative ethos both within AoW and with partner organisations. Suggested improvements to AoW co-production included supporting greater numbers of young people and researchers to engage in co-production, organising more regular sessions, and establishing clearer communication channels. CONCLUSIONS Peer researchers' reflections highlight positive impacts of engaging in co-production, both for research projects (including AoW) and for peer researchers' personal and professional development. That said, continued efforts are needed in AoW to meet young people's needs and interests, maintain trusting relationships, and foster sustained growth of co-production efforts within and beyond the AoW project. Evaluation of AoW co-production, along with wider partnership building are key to these efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ryan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK.
| | - Hannah Nutting
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Chloe Parekh
- AllStar, Park View Court, St Pauls Road, Shipley, BD18 3DS, UK
| | - Suzie Crookes
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | | | - Kenzie Caines
- AllStar, Park View Court, St Pauls Road, Shipley, BD18 3DS, UK
| | - Phoebe Dear
- AllStar, Park View Court, St Pauls Road, Shipley, BD18 3DS, UK
| | - Abel John
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Muhammed Adnan Rehman
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Dawn Davidson
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Usayd Abid
- Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, New Mill, Victoria Road, Saltaire, Bradford, BD18 3LD, UK
| | - Lewis Davidson
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Katy A Shire
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Rosemary R C McEachan
- Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK
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12
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Obeid N, Coelho JS, Booij L, Dimitropoulos G, Silva-Roy P, Bartram M, Clement F, de Oliveira C, Katzman DK. Estimating additional health and social costs in eating disorder care for young people during the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for surveillance and system transformation. J Eat Disord 2024; 12:52. [PMID: 38671494 PMCID: PMC11047001 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-024-01003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on young people with eating disorders (EDs) and their families was profound, with surging rates of hospitalizations and referrals reported internationally. This paper provides an account of the additional health and social costs of ED care for young people living in Canada incurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, drawing attention to the available data to inform these estimates while noting gaps in data capacities to account for a full view of the ED system of care. METHODS Three methodologies were used to capture costs: (1) provincial administrative data holdings available at the Canadian Institute of Health Information (CIHI) were used by Deloitte Access Economics to conduct analyses on costs related to hospitalizations, emergency room visits, outpatient visits with physicians and loss of well-being from being on a waitlist. These were examined across three fiscal years (April 1 to March 31, 2019-2022) to compare costs from one year before to two years after the onset of the pandemic, (2) data collected on support-based community ED organizations and, (3) costs identified by young people, caregivers and health care professionals. RESULTS Estimates of additional health care costs and social costs arising from ED care waitlists were estimated to have increased by 21% across the two years after the onset of the pandemic and is likely to represent an underestimate of costs. Costs related to some standard ED care services (e.g. day treatment programs) and support-based community ED organizations that saw a 118% increase in services during this time, are some examples of costs not captured in the current cost estimate. CONCLUSIONS This paper provides a first account of the additional health and social ED care costs associated with the pandemic, which indicate at minimum, a 21% increase. The results invite discussion for more investments in ED services for young people in Canada, as it is unclear if needs are expected to remain elevated. We suggest a call for a national surveillance strategy to improve data holdings to aid in managing services and informing policy. A robust strategy could open the door for much-needed, data-informed, system transformation efforts that can improve ED care for youth, families and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Obeid
- Eating Disorders Research Lab, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Rd, K1H 8L1, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Jennifer S Coelho
- Provincial Specialized Eating Disorders Program for Children & Adolescents, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Linda Booij
- Eating Disorders Continuum, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gina Dimitropoulos
- Calgary Eating Disorder Program, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Patricia Silva-Roy
- Eating Disorders Research Lab, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Rd, K1H 8L1, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mary Bartram
- Mental Health Commission of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Public Policy Administration, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Fiona Clement
- Department of Community Health Sciences, O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Claire de Oliveira
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Debra K Katzman
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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13
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Kigongo E, Tumwesigye R, Anyolitho MK, Musinguzi M, Kwizera G, Achan E, Nabasirye CK, Udho S, Kabunga A, Omech B. Access to family planning services and associated factors among young people in Lira city northern Uganda. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1146. [PMID: 38658880 PMCID: PMC11044454 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18605-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Access to family planning services among young people is crucial for reproductive health. This study explores the access and associated factors among young people in Lira City, Northern Uganda. METHODS AND MATERIALS A mixed-methods study was conducted in March to April 2022. Quantitative data were collected using a structured questionnaire from 553 participants aged 15-24 years. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Data analysis included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses for quantitative data, while interpretative phenomenological analysis was used for qualitative data. RESULTS Overall, 31.7% of the respondents had a good perceived access to family planning services, with 64.6% reporting perceived availability of FP methods. Challenges included lack of privacy (57.7%), fear of mistreatment (77.2%), and decision-making difficulties (66.2%). Among females, good perceived access to FP services was less likely among urban residents (AOR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.09-0.53), Christian respondents (AOR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.01-0.36), Muslim respondents (AOR: 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01-0.55) and respondents with poor attitude to FP services (AOR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.24-0.64), but more likely among respondents with a sexual a partner (AOR: 4.48, 95% CI: 2.60-7.75). Among males, good perceived access to FP services was less likely among respondents living with parents (AOR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05-0.67) but more likely among respondents with good knowledge of FP services (AOR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.02-5.32). Qualitative findings showed that three themes emerged; knowledge of family planning methods, beliefs about youth contraception and, friendliness of family planning services. CONCLUSION The study revealed a substantial gap in perceived access to family planning services among young people in Lira City. Barriers include privacy concerns, fear of mistreatment, and decision-making difficulties. Tailored interventions addressing urban access, religious beliefs for females, and knowledge enhancement for males are essential. Positive aspects like diverse FP methods and physical accessibility provide a foundation for targeted interventions. Youth-friendly services, comprehensive sexual education, and further research are emphasized for a nuanced understanding and effective interventions in Northern Uganda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eustes Kigongo
- Faculty of Public Health, Lira University, Lira City, Northern, P. O Box 1035, Uganda.
| | - Raymond Tumwesigye
- Faculty of Public Health, Lira University, Lira City, Northern, P. O Box 1035, Uganda
| | | | - Marvin Musinguzi
- Faculty of Public Health, Lira University, Lira City, Northern, P. O Box 1035, Uganda
| | - Gad Kwizera
- Faculty of Education, Lira University, Lira, Uganda
| | - Everlyne Achan
- Faculty of Public Health, Lira University, Lira City, Northern, P. O Box 1035, Uganda
| | | | - Samson Udho
- Faculty of Nursing , Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Amir Kabunga
- Faculty of Medicine, Lira University, Lira, Uganda
| | - Bernard Omech
- Faculty of Public Health, Lira University, Lira City, Northern, P. O Box 1035, Uganda
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Klamert L, Craike M, Bedi G, Kidd S, Pascoe MC, Parker AG. Underreporting of implementation strategies and barriers in physical activity interventions for young people at risk of problematic substance use: a brief report. Implement Sci Commun 2024; 5:45. [PMID: 38649968 PMCID: PMC11036629 DOI: 10.1186/s43058-024-00578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have assessed whether physical activity interventions can reduce substance use in young people at risk of problematic substance use. This report identifies and describes the reporting of implementation characteristics within published studies of physical activity interventions for young people at risk of problematic substance use and provides recommendations for future reporting. METHODS Reported implementation strategies (including intervention manualization), barriers, implementation fidelity, and personnel acceptance were extracted from studies of physical activity interventions for young people aged 12-25 years at risk of problematic substance use that were included in a previous systematic review of intervention efficacy. RESULTS Implementation strategies were reported in less than half of the included studies (42.9%), implementation barriers in only 10.7% of studies, intervention fidelity in 21.4%, and personnel acceptance in a single study (3.6%). CONCLUSIONS Results indicate insufficient reporting of implementation strategies, barriers, fidelity, and personnel acceptance. Consideration of implementation characteristics is essential for implementing physical activity interventions in practice. Inadequate or limited reporting of these characteristics may contribute to delayed uptake and adoption of evidence-based interventions in clinical practice. Recommendations to improve the reporting of implementation information include integrating standards for reporting implementation characteristics into existing reporting guidelines, developing an international taxonomy of implementation strategies, and upskilling intervention researchers in the fundamentals of implementation science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Klamert
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, 70/104 Ballarat Rd, Footscray, VIC, 3011, Australia.
- , Orygen, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - Melinda Craike
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, 70/104 Ballarat Rd, Footscray, VIC, 3011, Australia
- Mitchell Institute for Education and Health Policy, Victoria University, Footscray, VIC, 3011, Australia
| | - Gillinder Bedi
- , Orygen, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Susan Kidd
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, 70/104 Ballarat Rd, Footscray, VIC, 3011, Australia
- Acute Care Service, Tweed Byron Mental Health, Northern NSW Health District, Lismore, Australia
| | - Michaela C Pascoe
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, 70/104 Ballarat Rd, Footscray, VIC, 3011, Australia
| | - Alexandra G Parker
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, 70/104 Ballarat Rd, Footscray, VIC, 3011, Australia
- , Orygen, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
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15
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Andersén MB, Revenäs Å, Lostelius PV, Olsson EMG, Bring A, Ring L. "It's about how you take in things with your brain" - young people's perspectives on mental health and help seeking: an interview study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1095. [PMID: 38643072 PMCID: PMC11031856 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18617-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Poor mental health in young people has become a growing problem globally over the past decades. However, young people have also been shown to underutilize available healthcare resources. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has formulated guidelines for youth-friendly health services (YFHSs) to increase youth participation in healthcare. Still, little is known about how young people using these services perceive mental health, indicating a knowledge gap concerning the subjective evaluation of their mental health. AIM To investigate how young people visiting youth health clinics (YHC) perceive the concept of mental health and factors they view as central to maintaining mental health. METHODS In total 21 interviews were carried out, 16 in 2018, and 5 in 2023 to assure no changes in findings after the COVID-19 pandemic. Subjects were recruited during visits to youth health clinics (YHCs) in mid-Sweden and were aged 15-23 years. Recruitment strived to achieve heterogeneity in the sample concerning gender, sexual orientation, gender identity and age. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using qualitative content analysis. FINDINGS Findings of the analysis revealed two themes, "Mental health is helped and hindered by the surroundings" and "Mental health is difficult to understand and difficult to achieve". The participants described their health as highly dependent on their social surroundings, and that these are important to maintaining health but may also affect health negatively. They described mixed experiences of the health care services and mentioned prerequisites for seeking care for mental health problems such as accessibility and respect for their integrity, including the right to turn down offered treatment. The informants also viewed mental health as an ongoing undertaking that one must work for, and that it is sometimes difficult to know what constitutes mental health. They also expressed a need from healthcare services to enquire about their health, and to show an active interest in how they are doing. CONCLUSIONS Findings underline the need of young people's individual needs to be met in the healthcare system and their vulnerability to their social surroundings. Health status assessments in young people should consider social and individual factors to fully capture mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael B Andersén
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Region Uppsala, Primary Care and Health, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Åsa Revenäs
- Centre for Clinical Research, Region Västmanland - Uppsala University, Västmanland Hospital Västerås, Västerås, Sweden
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
- Orthopedic clinic, Västmanland Hospital Västerås, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Petra V Lostelius
- Centre for Clinical Research, Region Västmanland - Uppsala University, Västmanland Hospital Västerås, Västerås, Sweden
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
- Clinic for Pain Rehabilitation Västmanland, Region Västmanland, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Erik M G Olsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Annika Bring
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lena Ring
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Region Uppsala, Primary Care and Health, Uppsala, Sweden
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Tindall L, Kerrigan P, Li J, Hayward E, Gega L. Is behavioural activation an effective treatment for depression in children and adolescents? An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02429-3. [PMID: 38615316 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02429-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Behavioural Activation (BA)-a brief therapy based on the scheduling of enjoyable, purposeful and rewarding activities-is an effective and cost-effective treatment for depression in adults that shows promise for children and adolescents. We provide an update on a previous systematic review of evidence on BA-delivered in-person, telephone, or online-for depression and comorbid anxiety in children and adolescents. We conducted systematic literature searches in 6 databases up to February 2024. We included all study designs evaluating BA with participants up to 18 years old with diagnosable depression, as established by a validated screening tool or diagnostic manual. We used the Moncrieff Scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool to assess study quality. We summarised the findings of all study types with a narrative synthesis and of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with a meta-analysis. Overall, 24 studies (6 RCTs, 18 pre-post evaluations, n = 2,758) met our inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis of 4 RCTs (n = 156) showed that BA has a small effect of 0.24 (Hedge's adjusted g) in reducing depression symptoms compared to a waiting-list control, usual care and other therapies. Online and telephone-facilitated BA was shown to be feasible in 3 studies and effective in 1. Outcomes on comorbid anxiety were mixed. No economic evaluations met our inclusion criteria. BA shows sufficient promise as an intervention for reducing depression symptoms in children and adolescents to justify the need for further RCTs, providing that five conditions are met: studies are powered to detect a minimal clinically important difference; BA materials are fit-for-purpose to produce clinically meaningful change; follow-ups are longer than 6 months; primary outcomes are child-reported; and intervention costs, resource use and adverse events are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Tindall
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Philip Kerrigan
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Jinshuo Li
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Emily Hayward
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Lina Gega
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, Heslington, UK
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17
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Franceschi R, Pertile R, Marigliano M, Mozzillo E, Maffeis C, Di Candia F, Fedi L, Iafusco D, Zanfardino A, Passanisi S, Lombardo F, Delvecchio M, Caldarelli G, Troncone A. Maintaining a gluten-free diet is associated with quality of life in youths with type 1 diabetes and celiac disease. Acta Diabetol 2024:10.1007/s00592-024-02281-6. [PMID: 38615127 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02281-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
AIM Conflicting findings have been reported on whether in youths, the double diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CD) substantially impacts quality of life QoL, compared to subjects with T1D only. METHODS In this study, 86 youths with double diagnosis and their parents were compared to 167 subjects with T1D only. QoL was assessed through the KINDL questionnaire. Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies and dietary interviews evaluated the degree of maintaining a gluten-free diet (GFD). RESULTS We found that having CD in addition to T1D has little effect on overall QoL. However, analysis of the degree of maintaining GFD revealed significantly lower total QoL scores in groups with T1D + CD not strictly maintaining GFD compared to T1D only (p = 0.0014). The multivariable linear regression model confirmed the importance of maintaining GFD on QoL in subjects (p = 0.0066) and parents (p = 0.023). CONCLUSION The coexistence of T1D and CD and the adoption of a GFD resulted in poor QoL levels, as in youth as in their parents, when difficulties implementing the GFD are present. Psychological support should consider the importance of maintaining GFD not only to prevent potential complications in the future but also to improve actual QoL in different subdomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Franceschi
- Department of Pediatrics, S. Chiara Hospital of Trento, APSS, Trentino-Alto Adige, Trento, Italy
| | - Riccardo Pertile
- Clinical and Evaluative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Governance, APSS, Trento, Italy
| | - Marco Marigliano
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics, and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera, Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Aristide Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy.
| | - Enza Mozzillo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Maffeis
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics, and Gynecology, Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Azienda Ospedaliera, Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Aristide Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Candia
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ludovica Fedi
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Iafusco
- Department of Woman, Child, and General, and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, the University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Zanfardino
- Department of Woman, Child, and General, and Specialistic Surgery, Regional Center of Pediatric Diabetes, the University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Passanisi
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood G. Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Fortunato Lombardo
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood G. Barresi, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maurizio Delvecchio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences (DISCAB), University of L'Aquila, Via Vetorio, Coppito 2, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Gaia Caldarelli
- Department of Psychology, The University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Alda Troncone
- Department of Psychology, The University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
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18
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Whitehead R, Hopkins L, Dight S, Kennard M, McGrath B. Adolescent Violence in the Home Among Youth Presenting to an Early Psychosis Service: An Exploration of Contributing Factors. Community Ment Health J 2024:10.1007/s10597-024-01268-5. [PMID: 38607463 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-024-01268-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Adolescent violence in the home is a growing public health issue and remains under reported and under-researched. The focus of the present research is to investigate factors that may contribute to adolescent violence in the home, among acohort of young people with co-occurring early psychosis. Data relates to 50 young people (16 females, 33 males, 1 nonbinary) aged from 16-25 who were clients at a youth early psychosis service in Melbourne, Australia. Results from a discriminant function analysis revealed the two major contributing factors to whether someone used violence in the home, were whether a young person had a coexisting neurodevelopmental or intellectual disability and whether they used violence outside the home. The findings provide preliminary evidence that engaging in violence outside the home and the presence of a neurodevelopmental or intellectual disability may make it more likely for young people with early psychosis to use violence in the home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Whitehead
- Alfred Health Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Melbourne, Australia.
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Liza Hopkins
- Alfred Health Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Melbourne, Australia
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19
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Corral-Gudino L, Del-Amo-Merino MP, Abadía-Otero J, Merino-Velasco I, Lorenzo-Fernández Y, García-Cruces-Méndez J, Eiros-Bouza JM, Domínguez-Gil González M. Impact of age on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers : Influence of nonoccupational risk factors. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2024:10.1007/s00508-024-02346-0. [PMID: 38587544 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-024-02346-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV‑2) infection was highest among older adults early in the COVID-19 pandemic; however, this pattern was later reversed with young adults showing the highest incidence. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors in healthcare workers (HCWs) associated with this evolution. METHODS We conducted a survey nested within a prospective cohort study of 680 HCWs from a tertiary referral public hospital who received 2 doses of SARS-CoV‑2 vaccine in January and February 2021 (VACCICO-VAO cohort). In October 2022 all participants were invited to participate in a survey. Risk factors were tested for association with COVID-19 ever, the number of COVID-19 episodes, and the time to the first episode. RESULTS Among 350 respondents (51% response rate, 90% female, mean age 48.1 years), 323 COVID-19 episodes were diagnosed during the study period. Multivariable analysis revealed that age < 35 years vs. > 50 years (odds ratio, OR 2.12, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.27-3.51; P = 0.004) and not maintaining social distance at social events (OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.16-3.19; P = 0.011) were associated with a higher risk of COVID-19. Age < 35 years (hazard ratio, HR 1.70, 95% CI 1.14-2.54; P = 0.010), and not maintaining social distance (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.05-1.72; P = 0.020) were also associated with the time to the first episode. CONCLUSIONS The youngest HCWs had the highest incidence rate of COVID-19, which was not explained by occupational risk factors or health conditions. The increase in nonoccupational exposure since the end of the lockdowns in summer 2020 could by a key factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Corral-Gudino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology and Toxicology. Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid. School of Medicine, Universidad de Valladolid, Avda. Ramón y Cajal, 7, 47005, Valladolid, Spain.
| | - María Piedad Del-Amo-Merino
- Occupational Risk Prevention Service, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y Leon (SACYL), C/Dulzaina n°2, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jésica Abadía-Otero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y Leon (SACYL), C/Dulzaina n°2, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Irene Merino-Velasco
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega Universidad de Valladolid, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y Leon (SACYL), C/Dulzaina n°2, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Lorenzo-Fernández
- Occupational Risk Prevention Service, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y Leon (SACYL), C/Dulzaina n°2, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesús García-Cruces-Méndez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Hospital Epidemiology, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y Leon (SACYL), C/Dulzaina n°2, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - José María Eiros-Bouza
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid. School of Medicine, Universidad de Valladolid, Avda. Ramón y Cajal, 7, 47005, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Marta Domínguez-Gil González
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega Universidad de Valladolid, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y Leon (SACYL), C/Dulzaina n°2, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
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20
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Adakpa I, McLuskey J. Identification and responses by nurses to sexual exploitation of young people. Br J Nurs 2024; 33:338-345. [PMID: 38578936 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2024.33.7.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses are uniquely positioned to identify and respond to the sexual exploitation of young people. They treat sexually transmitted infections, unplanned pregnancies, and mental health issues, often collaborating with social services and law enforcement to safeguard young people. AIM This narrative review explores the pivotal role of nurses in identifying and responding to sexual exploitation among young people. METHODS Empirical evidence from 1997 to 2021 was examined through a comprehensive search of databases such as CINAHL-EBSCO, ASSIA, PubMed (including Medline), and manual screening of abstracts. The PRISMA guideline was applied. Thematic analysis of 12 selected studies revealed three overarching themes. FINDINGS The themes identified were the influence of technology on the sexual exploitation of young people, identification and response to sexual exploitation in both clinical and non-clinical settings, and organisational support. CONCLUSION These findings shed light on sexual exploitation and underscore the significance of a person-centred approach to nursing care that addresses the health and social impacts of sexual exploitation. It emphasises the importance of interagency collaboration and appropriate clinical interventions to effectively support young people at risk. Increased professional development, support, and supervision for nurses are relevant to identifying, responding to, and preventing the sexual exploitation of young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itodo Adakpa
- Lecturer, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Bolton
| | - John McLuskey
- Assistant Professor, Director of Professions, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham
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21
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Ruphrect-Smith H, Davies S, Jacob J, Edbrooke-Childs J. Ethnic differences in treatment outcome for children and young people accessing mental health support. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:1121-1131. [PMID: 37245162 PMCID: PMC11032270 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02233-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Children and Young People (CYP) from minoritized ethnic backgrounds experience structural inequalities in Children and Young People's Mental Health Settings (CYPMHS). This mixed methods study explores whether CYP's ethnicity is associated with their treatment outcomes (operationalised as 'measurable change') from CYPMHS. A multilevel multi-nominal regression analysis, controlling for age, gender, referral source, presenting difficulty, case closure reason, suggests that CYP from Asian backgrounds (OR = 0.82, CI [0.70, 0.96]) and Mixed-race (odds ratio (OR) = 0.80; 95% CI [0.69, 0.92]) are less likely to report measurable improvement in mental health difficulties compared to White British CYP. Three themes from a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 15 CYP from minoritized ethnic backgrounds focused on views and experiences of ending mental health support are also presented. CYP view personalised support and the right therapist as conducive to good endings and valued a range of outcomes pertaining to empowerment. Experiences of stigma and inequalities may begin to explain the less positive outcomes experienced by Asian and Mixed-race CYP found in the regression analysis. The implications of these findings and future areas of research are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ruphrect-Smith
- Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - S Davies
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, University College London and the Anna Freud Centre, Anna Freud, 4-8 Rodney Street, London, N1 9JH, UK
| | - J Jacob
- Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
- Child Outcomes Research Consortium, Anna Freud, London, UK
| | - J Edbrooke-Childs
- Clinical, Educational, and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK.
- Evidence Based Practice Unit, University College London and the Anna Freud Centre, Anna Freud, 4-8 Rodney Street, London, N1 9JH, UK.
- Child Outcomes Research Consortium, Anna Freud, London, UK.
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22
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Ünsal E, Şengün İnan F. 'I live it all together…sadness, desperation': A qualitative exploration of psychosocial challenges and needs of young people after suicide attempt. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2024; 49:1-9. [PMID: 38734443 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the psychosocial challenges and support needs of young people after suicide attempt. In the research, the phenomenological approach was used. Semi-structured interviews were held with 16 young people shortly after suicide attempt. Data were analysed via content analysis. The data were categorized into five themes: effort to return to the old normal, living with remains, need for support, barriers to seeking help, and awareness. Understanding the psychological challenges and support needs of young people who have attempted suicide will facilitate future research and practice. To support young people in the acute period following the intervention, supportive interventions at the individual, social and political levels need to be established. These findings shed light into the structuring of supportive interventions to be applied to young people following a suicide attempt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Ünsal
- Ege University, Faculty of Nursing, Mental Health and Diseases Nursing Department, 35030 Bornova, İZMİR, Turkey; Institute of Health Sciences Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Figen Şengün İnan
- Gazi University, Faculty of Nursing, Mental Health and Diseases Nursing Department, 06490 Çankaya, ANKARA, Turkey.
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23
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Kerr JA, Paine J, Thrower E, Hoq M, Mollica C, Sawyer SM, Azzopardi PS, Pang KC. Prevalence of Eating Disorder Symptoms in Transgender and Gender Diverse Adolescents Presenting for Gender-Affirming Care. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:850-853. [PMID: 38206224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.11.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the prevalence of eating disorder symptoms among adolescents seeking gender-affirming care. METHODS Cross-sectional study of 660 gender-diverse adolescents who completed the Branched Eating Disorder Test to measure anorexia and bulimia symptoms. RESULTS 23.9% (95% CI 20.7-27.4) reported both anorexia symptoms, namely overvaluation of weight and fear of (or recurrent interference with) weight gain. 0.9% (95% CI 0.3-2.0) reported all bulimia symptoms, namely overvaluation of weight, recurrent binge eating, and recurrent compensatory behaviors (e.g., weekly purging). For all symptoms, prevalence was higher among i) adolescents assigned female at birth compared to those assigned male at birth, and ii) adolescents who felt unsure about their gender identity compared to those who identified as trans or nonbinary. DISCUSSION Clinicians should monitor eating disorder symptoms among adolescents presenting for gender-affirming care, especially among those assigned female at birth or who are unsure about their gender identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Kerr
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand; Population Health and Clinical Sciences Themes, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica Paine
- Royal Children's Hospital Department of Adolescent Medicine, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emily Thrower
- Royal Children's Hospital Department of Adolescent Medicine, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Monsurul Hoq
- Population Health and Clinical Sciences Themes, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catherine Mollica
- Royal Children's Hospital Department of Adolescent Medicine, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susan M Sawyer
- Population Health and Clinical Sciences Themes, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter S Azzopardi
- Population Health and Clinical Sciences Themes, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Adolescent Health and Wellbeing Program, Telethon Kids Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ken C Pang
- Population Health and Clinical Sciences Themes, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Royal Children's Hospital Department of Adolescent Medicine, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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24
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Douglass CH, Block K, Eghrari D, Horyniak D, Hellard ME, Lim MSC. "You have to drink with a little bit of shame": Alcohol and other drug use among young people from migrant and ethnic minority backgrounds in Melbourne, Australia. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2024; 23:340-364. [PMID: 35758222 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2022.2091703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Migrant and ethnic minority groups are underrepresented in alcohol and other drug (AOD) research. This qualitative study explored AOD use among young people from migrant and ethnic minority backgrounds in Melbourne, Australia. We conducted one focus group and 16 interviews and thematically analyzed data drawing on the social-ecological model of health. Theme one showed AOD use was considered a "normal" part of youth identity, particularly for participants who had grown up with peer groups in Australia. Theme two highlighted participant's sense of responsibility to meet expectations and make informed decisions about AOD use to protect themselves and their friends. Theme three highlighted participant's risk of experiencing AOD-related stigma through negative stereotypes and fear of consequences within families and communities, particularly among female participants. Participants' perceptions and experiences differed by individual factors, interpersonal relationships, AOD accessibility across settings and broader gender, cultural and religious norms. Interventions developed with young people from migrant and ethnic minority backgrounds are needed to target the social-ecological factors underpinning AOD use, particularly stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin H Douglass
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen Block
- University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Donya Eghrari
- University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Danielle Horyniak
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Margaret E Hellard
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Megan S C Lim
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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25
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Goueslard K, Quantin C, Jollant F. Self-harm and suicide death in the three years following hospitalization for intentional self-harm in adolescents and young adults: A nationwide study. Psychiatry Res 2024; 334:115807. [PMID: 38387165 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Self-harm is frequent in youths. This study aimed to assess the risk of self-harm and mortality over a three-year period following self-harm hospitalization. Data were extracted from national databases in France. All patients aged 12 to 24 years and hospitalized for self-harm in 2013-2014 were included and compared to age- and sex-matched individuals with no self-harm hospitalization during this period. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used. Overall, 34,533 individuals were hospitalized for self-harm in 2013-2014 (70.8 % females, 79.6 % self-poisoning), with a peak among females aged 14-16. Comparison with 103,599 matched controls showed significantly higher rates of past self-harm, somatic and psychiatric disorders, and dispensed drugs in youth hospitalized for self-harm. During follow-up, they significantly more often repeated self-harm (20.9 vs. 0.1 %), died from any cause (0.6 vs 0.03 %) and from suicide (0.2 vs 0.01 %), particularly during the first year. The choice of a violent self-harm means at inclusion increased the risk of suicide during follow-up. Psychiatric disorders were a significant risk factor for all outcomes. In conclusion, at least one in five youths will self-harm, and one in two hundred will die in the three years following hospitalization for self-harm. Reinforced follow-up care is necessary in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Goueslard
- Service de Biostatistiques et d'Information Médicale (DIM), CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France
| | - Catherine Quantin
- Service de Biostatistiques et d'Information Médicale (DIM), CHU Dijon Bourgogne, France; Université de Bourgogne, CIC 1432, Module Épidémiologie Clinique, F21000 Dijon, France; Inserm, CESP, 94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Fabrice Jollant
- Department of psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of psychiatry, Hôpital Bicêtre, APHP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of psychiatry, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France; McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Department of psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Moods Research Team, INSERM UMR-1178, CESP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
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26
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Moult A, Knight N, Medina N, Babatunde O, Kingstone T, Duffy H, Fryer K, Canvin K, Swaithes L, Brading L, Bray L, Russell W, Dziedzic K. An evaluation of a public partnership project between academic institutions and young people with Black African, Asian and Caribbean heritage. Res Involv Engagem 2024; 10:31. [PMID: 38504379 PMCID: PMC10953256 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-024-00564-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This project (named Reinvent) aimed to promote Public Involvement (PI) in health research. Academics worked with a community group, the Eloquent Praise & Empowerment Dance Company, to develop a community partnership with young people from Black African, Asian and Caribbean heritage communities. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the Reinvent project for key learnings on how to engage and build partnerships with young people from Black African, Asian and Caribbean heritage communities. METHODS Reinvent developed a steering group which consisted of five young people, one academic, a Race Equality Ambassador and the Director of Eloquent. The steering group co-produced an agenda for two workshops and the evaluation tools used. The content of the workshops included drama exercises, discussions on physical and mental health, nutrition and school-life, short introductions to the concepts of research and PI, and group work to critique and improve a video currently used to promote PI in health research to young people. The evaluation tools included using the 'Cube' evaluation framework, video-blogging and collecting anonymous feedback. Findings The responses to the 'Cube' evaluation framework were positive across all four domains (agenda, voice, contribute change) in both workshops. A few of the young people described having a better understanding of the meaning and practice of PI in a video-blog. The anonymous feedback suggested that the workshops had increased young people's confidence in sharing their thoughts and opinions about health and PI. CONCLUSION Reinvent has shown that academic institutions and young people from an under-served community can partner to co-design workshops and apply evaluation tools. Working with young people in an environment in which they were comfortable, and by researchers joining in with the activities that the young people enjoyed (such as dance), enabled more informal and open conversations to develop. More work is needed to build upon this project so that young people can feel confident and supported to get involved in PI activities relating to research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Moult
- Impact Accelerator Unit, School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, ST5 5BG, UK.
| | - Natalie Knight
- Impact Accelerator Unit, School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, ST5 5BG, UK
- Eloquent Arts Centre, 41 Lichfield Road, Aston, B6 5RW, UK
| | - Nathan Medina
- Impact Accelerator Unit, School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Opeyemi Babatunde
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Tom Kingstone
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Helen Duffy
- Midlands Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Trust Headquarters, Corporation St, Stafford, UK
| | - Kate Fryer
- Northern General Hospital, Herries Road, Sheffield, S5 7AU, UK
| | - Krysia Canvin
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Laura Swaithes
- Impact Accelerator Unit, School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Lucy Brading
- School of Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Lucy Bray
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, West Lancashire, L39 4QP, UK
| | - Wanda Russell
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Krysia Dziedzic
- Impact Accelerator Unit, School of Medicine, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, ST5 5BG, UK
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Dodd-Reynolds C, Griffin N, Kyle P, Scott S, Fairbrother H, Holding E, Crowder M, Woodrow N, Summerbell C. Young people's experiences of physical activity insecurity: a qualitative study highlighting intersectional disadvantage in the UK. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:813. [PMID: 38491419 PMCID: PMC10941463 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18078-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intersecting socioeconomic and demographic reasons for physical activity (PA) inequalities are not well understood for young people at risk of experiencing marginalisation and living with disadvantage. This study explored young people's experiences of PA in their local area, and the associated impacts on opportunities for good physical and emotional health and wellbeing. METHODS Seven local youth groups were purposefully sampled from disadvantaged areas across urban, rural and coastal areas of England, including two that were specifically for LGBTQ + young people. Each group engaged in three interlinked focus groups which explored young people's perceptions and lived experience of PA inequalities. Data were analysed using an inductive, reflexive thematic approach to allow for flexibility in coding. RESULTS Fifty five young people aged 12-21 years of different sexualities, gender and ethnicity took part. Analysis yielded four themes: PA experiences across spaces; resigned to a lack of inclusivity and 'belonging'; safety first; complexities in access and accessibility. Young people felt more comfortable to be active in spaces that were simpler to navigate, particularly outdoor locations largely based in nature. In contrast, local gyms and sports clubs, and the school environment in general, were spoken about often in negative terms and as spaces where they experienced insecurity, unsafety or discomfort. It was common for these young people to feel excluded from PA, often linked to their gender and sexuality. Lived experiences or fears of being bullied and harassed in many activity spaces was a powerful message, but in contrast, young people perceived their local youth club as a safe space. Intersecting barriers related to deprivation, gender and sexuality, accessibility, disability, Covid-19, affordability, ethnicity, and proximity of social networks. A need emerged for safe spaces in which young people can come together, within the local community and choose to be active. CONCLUSIONS The overarching concept of 'physical activity insecurity' emerged as a significant concern for the young people in this study. We posit that PA insecurity in this context can be described as a limited or restricted ability to be active, reinforced by worries and lived experiences of feeling uncomfortable, insecure, or unsafe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Dodd-Reynolds
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Fuse, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LA, UK.
| | - Naomi Griffin
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Fuse, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Phillippa Kyle
- Newcastle University Business School, Fuse, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 4SE, UK
| | - Steph Scott
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Fuse, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 4LP, UK
| | | | | | - Mary Crowder
- ScHARR, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK
| | | | - Carolyn Summerbell
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Fuse, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LA, UK
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Dumbili EW. Alcohol industry-sponsored music festivals, alcohol marketing and drinking practices among young Nigerians: Implications for policy. Int J Drug Policy 2024; 127:104384. [PMID: 38492330 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The global alcohol industry sponsors social/music events targeting young people; however, existing literature focuses on Westernised contexts. Given the decline in young people's drinking in many Western countries, it appears that multinational alcohol companies are importing the strategies they have used in high-income countries to the Global South countries like Nigeria to recoup profits. This study aims to examine the Guinness Show- a free one-month annual music festival, alcohol marketing at the festival and the extent to which the event encourages diverse drinking practices among its attendees. METHODS We observed the music festival before collecting data through 53 interviews and 3 focus groups (N = 26). Data were analysed to generate themes with the aid of NVivo 12 software. FINDINGS Over 6000 participants attend the Guinness Show daily, and participants gave detailed descriptions of the music festival, alcohol marketing activities that occur in it and the drinking practices of attendees, indicating that they were highly knowledgeable of the event. The Guinness Show attracts famous music artistes and other entertainers. Therefore, young people attend to see them perform free of charge. However, diverse alcohol promotions (e.g., quantity deals, low prices, giveaways) that happen daily, the strategic use of young women as 'beer promoters', and the pleasure the event induces by fusing music/entertainment into alcogenic environments, encourage drinking and drunkenness. All the attendees drank alcohol, and some engaged in impulse buying, while many consumed excessively due to promotions (e.g., buy-two-get-one free), which facilitated intoxication and the loss of control. CONCLUSIONS Guinness Nigeria organises the event for strategic brand communication, generating brand capital, and encouraging alcohol purchases and consumption among young people. Policymakers should reconsider self-regulation and implement national alcohol control policies and other public health interventions to restrain the alcohol industry from sponsoring such events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeka W Dumbili
- School of Sociology, College of Social Sciences and Law, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Kling J, Billaud Feragen K. Experiences of appearance conversations among young people living with a visible difference. Body Image 2024; 49:101699. [PMID: 38489964 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Stigmatisation surrounding having a visible difference to the face or body may have a marked impact on how young people communicate about appearance. The aim of our study was therefore to explore the experiences of appearance conversations among young people living with a visible difference. Interviews were conducted with 32 young people (mean age 14.1 years; 67.7% girls), with a condition resulting in a visible difference (e.g., craniofacial condition or scarring). Using reflexive thematic analysis, we identified three themes. Importance of Safety and Understanding reflects the importance of feeling safe in order to be able to talk about appearance. Participants described appearance conversations as often originating in their need for emotional support or practical assistance when encountering difficulties (Conversations When in Need of Support), but appearance was also experienced as a sensitive topic that was difficult to talk about (Avoiding Appearance Conversations). Our results highlight the importance of creating spaces where young people with a visible difference feel safe to bring up the topic of appearance when in need of support. Elements that facilitate such conversations include others having knowledge about the condition and having one's feelings and experiences validated instead of minimised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Kling
- Centre for Rare Disorders, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Lostelius PV, Gustavsson C, Adolfsson ET, Söderlund A, Revenäs Å, Zakrisson AB, Mattebo M. Identification of health-related problems in youth: a mixed methods feasibility study evaluating the Youth Health Report System. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2024; 24:64. [PMID: 38443898 PMCID: PMC10913260 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-024-02465-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because poor health in youth risk affecting their entry in adulthood, improved methods for their early identification are needed. Health and welfare technology is widely accepted by youth populations, presenting a potential method for identifying their health problems. However, healthcare technology must be evidence-based. Specifically, feasibility studies contribute valuable information prior to more complex effects-based research. The current study assessed the process, resource, management, and scientific feasibility of the Youth Health Report System prototype, developed within a youth health clinic context in advance of an intervention study. METHODS This mixed-methods feasibility study was conducted in a clinical setting. The process, resource, management, and scientific feasibility of the Youth Health Report System were investigated, as recommended in the literature. Participants were youth aged 16-23 years old, attending a youth health clinic, and healthcare professionals from three clinics. The youth participants used their smart phones to respond to Youth Health Report System health questions and healthcare professionals used their computer to access the results and for registration system entries. Qualitative data were collected from interviews with healthcare professionals, which were described with thematic analysis. Youth participants' quantitative Youth Health Report System data were analyzed for descriptive statistics. RESULTS Feasibility analysis of qualitative data from interviews with 11 healthcare professionals resulted in three themes: We expected it could be hard; Information and routines helped but time was an issue; and The electronic case report form was valuable in the health assessment. Qualitative data were collected from the Youth Health Report System. A total of 54 youth participants completed the evaluation questionnaire, and healthcare professionals retrieved information from, and made post-appointment system entries. Quantitative results revealed few missing items and acceptable data variability. An assessment template of merged qualitative and quantitative data guided a consensus discussion among the researchers, resulting in acceptable feasibility. CONCLUSIONS The process-, resource-, management-, and scientific feasibility aspects were acceptable, with some modifications, strengthening the potential for a successful Youth Health Report System intervention study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra V Lostelius
- Centre for Innovation, Research and Education, Region Västmanland, Västmanland Hospital Västerås, Västerås, Sweden.
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.
- Clinic for Pain Rehabilitation Västmanland, Region Västmanland, Västerås, Sweden.
- Centre for Clinical Research, Region Västmanland- Uppsala University, Västerås, Sweden.
| | - Catharina Gustavsson
- Centre for Clinical Research Dalarna, Uppsala University, Falun, Sweden
- School of Health and Welfare, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Eva Thors Adolfsson
- Centre for Clinical Research, Region Västmanland- Uppsala University, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Anne Söderlund
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Åsa Revenäs
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
- Centre for Clinical Research, Region Västmanland- Uppsala University, Västerås, Sweden
- Orthopedic Clinic, Västerås Hospital Region Västmanland, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Ann-Britt Zakrisson
- University Health Care Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Mattebo
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden
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Moody G, Coulman E, Crocker-White E, Gray K, Hastings RP, Longman A, Lugg-Widger F, Playle R, Segrott J, Thompson P, Badger J, Langdon PE, Flynn S. Solutions Trial: Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) in 10-17-year-olds presenting at police custody: a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2024; 25:159. [PMID: 38431608 PMCID: PMC10908054 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-07904-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Within England, children and young people (CYP) who come into police custody are referred to Liaison and Diversion (L&D) teams. L&D teams have responsibility for liaising with healthcare and other support services while working to divert CYP away from the criminal justice system but have traditionally not provided targeted psychological interventions to CYP. Considering evidence that Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) leads to a reduction in internalising and externalising behaviour problems in CYP, the aim of this randomised controlled trial (RCT) was to determine whether there is a difference between services as usual (SAU) plus SFBT offered by trained therapists working within a L&D team, and SAU alone, in reducing offending behaviours in 10-17-year-olds presenting at police custody. METHODS Design: two-arm individually RCT with internal pilot and process evaluation. PARTICIPANTS N = approximately 448 CYP aged 10-17 years presenting at one of three police custody suites in the area served by Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust (LSCFT) who are referred to the L&D team. Participants will be recruited and allocated to intervention:control on a 1:1 basis. Interviews will be performed with 30-40 CYP in the intervention arm, 15 CYP in the control arm, up to 20 parents/guardians across both arms, up to 15 practitioners, and up to 10 site staff responsible for screening CYP for the trial. Intervention and control: Those allocated to the intervention will be offered SAU plus SFBT, and control participants will receive SAU only. PRIMARY OUTCOME CYP frequency of offending behaviours assessed through the Self-Report Delinquency Measure (SRDM) at 12 months post-randomisation. SECONDARY OUTCOMES criminal offence data (national police database); emotional and behavioural difficulties (self-report and parent/guardian reported); gang affiliation (self-report). Process evaluation: evaluation of acceptability and experiences of the CYP, parents/guardians, site staff and practitioners; fidelity of SFBT delivery. DISCUSSION This two-arm individually RCT will evaluate the effectiveness of SFBT in reducing offending behaviours in CYP presenting at police custody suites within the area served by LSCFT. Our process evaluation will assess the fidelity of delivery of SFBT, the factors affecting implementation, the acceptability of SFBT in CYP aged 10-17 years and recruitment and reach. We will also examine systems and structures for future delivery, therefore assessing overall scalability. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov ISRCTN14195235 . Registered on June 16, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwenllian Moody
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UK.
| | - Elinor Coulman
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UK
- DECIPHer Centre, Cardiff University, Sparc Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Emma Crocker-White
- Centre for Research in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of Warwick, Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Kylie Gray
- Centre for Research in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of Warwick, Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Richard P Hastings
- Centre for Research in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of Warwick, Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Andrea Longman
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UK
| | - Fiona Lugg-Widger
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UK
| | - Rebecca Playle
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UK
| | - Jeremy Segrott
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4YS, UK
- DECIPHer Centre, Cardiff University, Sparc Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Paul Thompson
- Centre for Research in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of Warwick, Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Julia Badger
- Centre for Research in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of Warwick, Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Peter E Langdon
- Centre for Research in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of Warwick, Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
- Brooklands Hospital, Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Birmingham, B37 5RY, UK
| | - Samantha Flynn
- Centre for Research in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (CIDD), University of Warwick, Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK
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Destrée L, McGorry P, Chanen A, Ratheesh A, Davey C, Polari A, Amminger P, Yuen HP, Hartmann J, Dwyer D, Spooner R, Nelson B. Transdiagnostic risk identification: A validation study of the Clinical High At Risk Mental State (CHARMS) criteria. Psychiatry Res 2024; 333:115745. [PMID: 38271886 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
A set of clinical criteria, the Clinical High At-Risk Mental State (CHARMS) criteria, have been developed to identify symptomatic young people who are at-risk of disorder progression. The current study aimed to validate the CHARMS criteria by testing whether they prospectively identify individuals at-risk of progressing from attenuated symptomatology to a first episode of serious mental disorder, namely first episode psychosis, first episode mania, severe major depression, and borderline personality disorder. 121 young people completed clinical evaluations at baseline, 6- and 12-month follow-up. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess transition rates. Cox regression and LASSO were used to examine baseline clinical predictors of transition. Linear mixed effects modelling was used to examine symptom severity. 28 % of CHARMS+ individuals transitioned to a Stage 2 disorder by 12-month follow-up. The CHARMS+ group had more severe symptoms at follow-up than the CHARMS- group. 96 % of Stage 2 transitions were initially to severe depression. Meeting criteria for multiple CHARMS subgroups was associated with higher transition risk: meeting one at-risk group = 24 %; meeting two at-risk groups = 17 %, meeting three at-risk groups = 55 %, meeting four at-risk groups = 50 %. The strongest baseline predictor of transition was severity of depressive symptoms. The CHARMS criteria identified a group of individuals at-risk of imminent onset of severe mental disorder, particularly severe depression. Larger scale studies and longer follow-up periods are required to validate and extend these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Destrée
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences & Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Patrick McGorry
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Chanen
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Aswin Ratheesh
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher Davey
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrea Polari
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul Amminger
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Hok Pan Yuen
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jessica Hartmann
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Dominic Dwyer
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rachael Spooner
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Barnaby Nelson
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Bouraoui A, Newman P, Fisher C, Shah A, Burman R, Mavrommatis S, Sen D. Feasibility and acceptability of multidisciplinary team training in health coaching: Case study in adolescent rheumatology. Future Healthc J 2024; 11:100013. [PMID: 38646050 PMCID: PMC11025057 DOI: 10.1016/j.fhj.2024.100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The central importance of the biopsychosocial model of chronic disease is increasingly recognised in the management of long-term conditions (LTC), which are often associated with chronic pain, fatigue and disability. Despite the physical and mental health impact, 'struggle' to maintain self-efficacy, gap in effective transition to adult pathways and long term consequences of poor disease control and lifestyle choices in young people with LTCs, innovation in this age range is rarely reported in generic journals. This paper explores the feasibility and acceptability of health coaching with young service users to increase engagement and self-management, achieved through multidisciplinary team (MDT) training in Adolescent Rheumatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aicha Bouraoui
- Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Rheumatology, University College London hospital London, UK
| | | | - Corinne Fisher
- Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Rheumatology, University College London hospital London, UK
| | - Aisha Shah
- Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Rheumatology, University College London hospital London, UK
| | - Rhea Burman
- Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Rheumatology, University College London hospital London, UK
| | - Sophia Mavrommatis
- Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Rheumatology, University College London hospital London, UK
| | - Debajit Sen
- Department of Adolescent and Young Adult Rheumatology, University College London hospital London, UK
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Burnand L, Johnson D, Ferguson K. Care-experienced young people's views on what they want from mental health services. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024:13591045241233986. [PMID: 38400718 DOI: 10.1177/13591045241233986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
This study explores what care-experienced young people want from mental health services. Six care-experienced young people were interviewed, and an interpretative phenomenological analysis applied. Three key themes emerged demonstrating that the way support is delivered, the people who deliver it, and the environment of mental health services are all important to care-experienced young people. Along with these findings, this study demonstrates that engaging vulnerable young people in research and service design is beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Burnand
- IVY Project, Kibble Education and Care Centre, Paisley, UK and Northern Ireland
| | - Dan Johnson
- Kibble Education and Care Centre, Paisley, UK and Northern Ireland
| | - Kirstin Ferguson
- SAFE project, Kibble Education and Care Centre, Paisley, UK and Northern Ireland
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Thaventhiran T, Wong BHC, Pilecka I, Masood S, Atanda O, Clacey J, Tolmac J, Wehncke L, Romaniuk L, Heslin M, Tassie E, Chu P, Bevan-Jones R, Woolhouse R, Mahdi T, Dobler VB, Wait M, Reavey P, Landau S, Byford S, Zundel T, Ougrin D. Evaluation of intensive community care services for young people with psychiatric emergencies: study protocol for a multi-centre parallel-group, single-blinded randomized controlled trial with an internal pilot phase. Trials 2024; 25:141. [PMID: 38389089 PMCID: PMC10885519 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-07974-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 3000 young people under the age of 18 are admitted to Tier 4 Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) inpatient units across the UK each year. The average length of hospital stay for young people across all psychiatric units in the UK is 120 days. Research is needed to identify the most effective and efficient ways to care for young people (YP) with psychiatric emergencies. This study aims to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of intensive community care service (ICCS) compared to treatment as usual (TAU) for young people with psychiatric emergencies. METHODS This is a multicentre two-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) with an internal pilot phase. Young people aged 12 to < 18 considered for admission at participating NHS organizations across the UK will be randomized 1:1 to either TAU or ICCS. The primary outcome is the time to return to or start education, employment, or training (EET) at 6 months post-randomization. Secondary outcomes will include evaluations of mental health and overall well-being and patient satisfaction. Service use and costs and cost-effectiveness will also be explored. Intention-to-treat analysis will be adopted. The trial is expected to be completed within 42 months, with an internal pilot phase in the first 12 months to assess the recruitment feasibility. A process evaluation using visual semi-structured interviews will be conducted with 42 young people and 42 healthcare workers. DISCUSSION This trial is the first well-powered randomized controlled trial evaluating the clinical and cost-effectiveness of ICCS compared to TAU for young people with psychiatric emergencies in Great Britain. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN ISRCTN42999542, Registration on April 29, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Joe Clacey
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Jovanka Tolmac
- Central and North-West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Leon Wehncke
- North-East London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Rhys Bevan-Jones
- Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Wales, UK
- Cardiff University, Wales, UK
| | | | - Tauseef Mahdi
- Berkshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Bracknell, UK
| | | | - Mandy Wait
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Beckenham, UK
| | | | | | | | - Toby Zundel
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Beckenham, UK
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Hu X, Suo J, Kou N, Wu M, Wang S. Analysis of residential satisfaction in the conversion of Beijing's stock buildings into rental housing. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4338. [PMID: 38383531 PMCID: PMC10882014 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54081-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper investigates the residential satisfaction levels of tenants living in rental housing converted from non-residential stock buildings in Beijing. A stratified random sampling method was used to select 353 tenants from five apartments based on the plan form and location of the units for a structured questionnaire survey. The results of a hierarchical regression analysis indicated that subjective attributes were more influential in determining residential satisfaction than the objective physical and demographic attributes of the apartments. Within the five dimensions of subjective attributes, the "interior space" dimension had the greatest impact on predicting residential satisfaction. In addition, a one-way ANOVA analysis showed that the floor plan of the apartments also played a significant role in determining residential satisfaction, S-type and office park-type (Converted from an office park) layouts received the highest satisfaction ratings. This research provides valuable insights for revitalizing non-residential stock buildings and offers theoretical support for converting more non-residential stock buildings into rental housing in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefen Hu
- The School of Architecture and Fine Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Suo
- The School of Architecture and Fine Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ningbo Kou
- The School of Architecture and Fine Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxue Wu
- The School of Architecture and Fine Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- The School of Architecture and Fine Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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Ho TQA, Le LKD, Engel L, Le N, Melvin G, Le HND, Mihalopoulos C. Barriers to and facilitators of user engagement with web-based mental health interventions in young people: a systematic review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02386-x. [PMID: 38356043 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02386-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Many young people (YP) are diagnosed with mental illnesses and require support. Web-based mental health interventions (W-MHIs) have been increasingly utilized by YP, healthcare providers, and parents due to reasons including convenience and anonymity. W-MHIs are effective in improving mental health in YP. However, real-world engagement with W-MHIs remains low. Therefore, understanding barriers/facilitators of user engagement with W-MHIs is necessary to promote W-MHIs and help users gain optimal benefits through higher engagement. This review aims to identify barriers/facilitators of user engagement with W-MHIs in YP aged 10-24 years. A systematic search of five databases for English language, peer-reviewed publications was conducted between January 2010 and February 2023. Studies examining factors influencing user engagement with W-MHIs, described as barriers or facilitators, were included. Study quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. A narrative synthesis was performed. Of 4088 articles identified, 69 studies were included. Barriers/facilitators were reported by young people (63 studies), providers (17 studies), and parents/caregivers (8 studies). YP perceived that usefulness and connectedness were the most common facilitators, whereas low-perceived need was the most reported barrier. Both providers and parents reported that perceived usefulness for YP was the most common facilitator, whereas concerns about program effectiveness and privacy were noted as barriers. This review found that program- and individual-related factors were important determinants of engagement with W-MHIs. This review provides guidance on the future design and development of new interventions, narrowing the gap between existing W-MHIs and unmet needs of users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Quynh Anh Ho
- Deakin Health Economics, School of Health and Social Development, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Long Khanh-Dao Le
- Monash University Health Economics Group, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lidia Engel
- Monash University Health Economics Group, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ngoc Le
- Deakin Health Economics, School of Health and Social Development, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Glenn Melvin
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ha N D Le
- Deakin Health Economics, School of Health and Social Development, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Cathrine Mihalopoulos
- Monash University Health Economics Group, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Bangpan M, Felix L, Soliman F, D’Souza P, Jieman AT, Dickson K. The impact of mental health and psychosocial support programmes on children and young people's mental health in the context of humanitarian emergencies in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2024; 11:e21. [PMID: 38572260 PMCID: PMC10988149 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2024.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Humanitarian emergencies pose a significant global health challenge for children and young people's mental and psychological health. This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) programmes delivered to children and young people affected by humanitarian emergencies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Twelve electronic databases, key websites and citation checking were undertaken. Forty-three randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in English between January 1980 and May 2023 were included in the review. Overall, the findings suggest that cognitive behavioural therapy may improve depression symptoms in children and young people affected by humanitarian emergencies. Narrative exposure therapy may reduce feelings of guilt. However, the impact of the other MHPSS modalities across outcomes is inconsistent. In some contexts, providing psychosocial programmes involving creative activities may increase the symptoms of depression in children and young people. These findings emphasise the need for the development of MHPSS programmes that can safely and effectively address the diverse needs of children and young people living in adversarial environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukdarut Bangpan
- The Evidence for Policy and Practice information and Co-ordinating Centre (EPPI-Centre), UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lambert Felix
- School of Primary, Community and Social Care, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Farida Soliman
- Linguistics Department, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Preethy D’Souza
- The Evidence for Policy and Practice information and Co-ordinating Centre (EPPI-Centre), UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna-Theresa Jieman
- Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kelly Dickson
- The Evidence for Policy and Practice information and Co-ordinating Centre (EPPI-Centre), UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Wang X, Cao Y. Family Environment and Community Context for Longitudinal Cigarette Smoking Trajectories Among Chinese Young People. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01677-3. [PMID: 38337111 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01677-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death, and China accounts for about 30% of worldwide smokers and 40% of global tobacco consumption. This study examines socioeconomic and community disparities in smoking among young Chinese people from 2010 to 2016. Data were from 953 people aged 16 to 25 in four waves of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Two-level logistic regressions were fitted to account for both inter-individual and intra-individual differences over time. Weight-adjusted multilevel regression results showed a decrease in cigarette smoking among rural young people (OR = 0.71, 95% CI = [0.52, 0.98]) from 2010 to 2016. Higher family income was related to higher odds of cigarette smoking among young people (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = [1.10, 2.80]). Cigarette smoking among young people in families with higher incomes increased over time. Policies and interventions targeting the young should consider the socioeconomic disparities and multilevel context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiafei Wang
- School of Social Work, David B. Falk College of Sport and Human Dynamic, Syracuse University, White Hall 220, 150 Crouse Dr, New York, 13244, USA.
| | - Yiwen Cao
- Sociology Department, Biquan School, Xiangtan University, Hunan, China
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Choi H, Lee S, Chun H, Shin JH. Suicidal ideation and attempt among young people living in gosiwons in South Korea. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024:10.1007/s00127-024-02615-3. [PMID: 38305869 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-024-02615-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Young people living in gosiwons could be at high risk for suicide owing to inadequate living conditions and the social stigma towards them. However, this topic has not received adequate academic attention. Gosiwon is a type of small residence consisting of several tiny rooms densely packed together and usually does not meet minimum housing standards. However, gosiwons are favored by low-income groups, especially young people, because they are cheaper than other residences. This study aimed to examine the factors that increase the risk of suicidal ideation and attempt among young people living in gosiwons. METHODS A sample of 300 young people aged 19-34 years living in gosiwons for over 6 months was analyzed. A set of multinomial logistic regression was conducted to examine the factors that differentiate the suicidal ideation and attempt group from the no-suicidal risk group. RESULTS Approximately 30% of the study participants experienced suicidal ideation or attempted suicide. Among several risk factors, social exclusion and depressive symptoms distinguished the group with suicidal ideation from the no-risk group. Depressive symptoms were the only factor that differentiated the group with suicide attempts history from the no-risk group. CONCLUSION The results emphasize the need to focus on social exclusion and depressive symptoms among young people living in poor housing conditions. Interventions to address social exclusion and depressive symptoms may help prevent suicide risk among young people exposed to housing exclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Somin Lee
- Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Livanou M, Bull M, Manitsa I, Hunt J, Lane R, Heneghan A. Co-producing a complex psychosocial intervention during COVID-19 with young people transitioning from adolescent secure hospitals to adult services in England: Moving Forward intervention (MFi). Child Adolesc Ment Health 2024; 29:43-55. [PMID: 37455024 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young people moving from adolescent secure hospitals to adult care present with multiple and complex needs which often remain unmet during transition periods. This paper delineates the process of developing and co-producing the moving forward intervention (MFi), which aims to address the psychosocial needs of transitioning youth who have limited access to well-researched and tailored service provisions. METHOD An extensive search of the relevant literature was conducted to generate themes and guide the co-production phase. Fourteen Advisory Group Meetings were held virtually during COVID-19 to design the MFi module content with 17 keyworkers, 2 parents and 13 young people aged 17-18 years across six adolescent secure hospitals in England. Thematic analysis was used to reflect on the field notes discussed in the Advisory Groups. RESULTS Co-produced themes from the literature and the Advisory Groups informed the development of the proposed intervention. Three overarching themes pertinent to expectations in adult services, improving communication gaps between services and facilitating the letting go period emerged from the co-production phase. It was suggested the MFi is co-delivered by a peer with lived experience to build trust and create hopefulness among young people. The importance of promoting graded transitions through standardised procedures was highlighted. CONCLUSIONS The current findings promote evidence-based initiatives and build robust practice frameworks that inform treatment and policy guidelines. The young people, parents and keyworkers found the MFi supportive and valued the co-production experience. As such, co-production has been a vital tool in promoting patient engagement and empowerment, and reducing service inequalities, especially in adolescent secure hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Livanou
- Department of Psychology, School of Mental Health & Psychological Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Kingston University Department of Psychology, School of Law, Social and Behavioural Sciences, Kingston University London, Kingston Upon Thames, UK
| | - Marcus Bull
- Kingston University Department of Psychology, School of Law, Social and Behavioural Sciences, Kingston University London, Kingston Upon Thames, UK
| | - Ifigeneia Manitsa
- Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jodie Hunt
- Kingston University Department of Psychology, School of Law, Social and Behavioural Sciences, Kingston University London, Kingston Upon Thames, UK
| | - Rebecca Lane
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
- Cambridge and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anya Heneghan
- Department of Psychology, School of Mental Health & Psychological Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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Ajibo C, Van Griethuysen A, Visram S, Lake AA. Consumption of energy drinks by children and young people: a systematic review examining evidence of physical effects and consumer attitudes. Public Health 2024; 227:274-281. [PMID: 38228408 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To update an earlier review, published in 2016, on the health and other outcomes associated with children and young people's consumption of energy drinks (EDs). STUDY DESIGN Review article. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Systematic searches of nine databases (ASSIA, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, DARE, Embase, ERIC, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Web of Science) retrieved original articles reporting the effects of EDs experienced by children and young people up to the age of 21 years. Searches were restricted by publication dates (January 2016 to July 2022) and language (English). Studies assessed as being weak were excluded from the review. Included studies underwent narrative synthesis. RESULTS A total of 57 studies were included. Boys consumed EDs more than girls. Many studies reported a strong positive association between ED consumption and smoking, alcohol use, binge drinking, other substance use and the intentions to initiate these behaviours. Sensation-seeking and delinquent behaviours were positively associated with ED consumption, as were short sleep duration, poor sleep quality and low academic performance. Additional health effects noted in the updated review included increased risk of suicide, psychological distress, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms, depressive and panic behaviours, allergic diseases, insulin resistance, dental caries and erosive tooth wear. CONCLUSIONS This review adds to the growing evidence that ED consumption by children and young people is associated with numerous adverse physical and mental health outcomes. Where feasible and ethical, additional longitudinal studies are required to ascertain causality. The precautionary principle should be considered in regulatory policy and restriction of ED sales to this population. PROSPERO REGISTRATION CRD42021255484.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ajibo
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK
| | - A Van Griethuysen
- Dietetics, Tees, Esk & Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, Huntington House, YO32 9XW, UK
| | - S Visram
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, NE1 4LP, UK; Fuse, The Centre for Translational Research in Public Health, NE1 ALP, UK
| | - A A Lake
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BX, UK; Fuse, The Centre for Translational Research in Public Health, NE1 ALP, UK.
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Baba A, Smith M, Potter BK, Chan AW, Moher D, Offringa M. Guidelines for reporting pediatric and child health clinical trial protocols and reports: study protocol for SPIRIT-Children and CONSORT-Children. Trials 2024; 25:96. [PMID: 38287439 PMCID: PMC10826142 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-07948-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the critical importance of clinical trials to provide evidence about the effects of intervention for children and youth, a paucity of published high-quality pediatric clinical trials persists. Sub-optimal reporting of key trial elements necessary to critically appraise and synthesize findings is prevalent. To harmonize and provide guidance for reporting in pediatric controlled clinical trial protocols and reports, reporting guideline extensions to the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) and Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines specific to pediatrics are being developed: SPIRIT-Children (SPIRIT-C) and CONSORT-Children (CONSORT-C). METHODS The development of SPIRIT-C/CONSORT-C will be informed by the Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health Research Quality (EQUATOR) method for reporting guideline development in the following stages: (1) generation of a preliminary list of candidate items, informed by (a) items developed during initial development efforts and child relevant items from recent published SPIRIT and CONSORT extensions; (b) two systematic reviews and environmental scan of the literature; (c) workshops with young people; (2) an international Delphi study, where a wide range of panelists will vote on the inclusion or exclusion of candidate items on a nine-point Likert scale; (3) a consensus meeting to discuss items that have not reached consensus in the Delphi study and to "lock" the checklist items; (4) pilot testing of items and definitions to ensure that they are understandable, useful, and applicable; and (5) a final project meeting to discuss each item in the context of pilot test results. Key partners, including young people (ages 12-24 years) and family caregivers (e.g., parents) with lived experiences with pediatric clinical trials, and individuals with expertise and involvement in pediatric trials will be involved throughout the project. SPIRIT-C/CONSORT-C will be disseminated through publications, academic conferences, and endorsement by pediatric journals and relevant research networks and organizations. DISCUSSION SPIRIT/CONSORT-C may serve as resources to facilitate comprehensive reporting needed to understand pediatric clinical trial protocols and reports, which may improve transparency within pediatric clinical trials and reduce research waste. TRIAL REGISTRATION The development of these reporting guidelines is registered with the EQUATOR Network: SPIRIT-Children ( https://www.equator-network.org/library/reporting-guidelines-under-development/reporting-guidelines-under-development-for-clinical-trials-protocols/#35 ) and CONSORT-Children ( https://www.equator-network.org/library/reporting-guidelines-under-development/reporting-guidelines-under-development-for-clinical-trials/#CHILD ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Baba
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maureen Smith
- Patient Partner, Canadian Organization for Rare Disorders, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Beth K Potter
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - An-Wen Chan
- Department of Medicine, Women's College Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Moher
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Martin Offringa
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A4, Canada.
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Pryjmachuk S, Kirk S, Fraser C, Evans N, Lane R, Crooks J, McGowan R, Naughton G, Neill L, Camacho E, Bower P, Bee P, McDougall T. A collaboratively produced model of service design for children and young people with common mental health problems. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:133. [PMID: 38268003 PMCID: PMC10809440 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10562-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the effectiveness of, and implementation complexities associated with, service delivery models for children and young people (CYP) experiencing 'common' mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, behavioural difficulties and self-harm. This paper outlines how a model for high-quality service design for this population group was developed by identifying available services, their effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and acceptability, and the barriers and enablers to access. METHODS Sequential, mixed-methods design, combining evidence syntheses (scoping and integrative reviews of the international literature) with primary research (a collective case study in England and Wales). Data from these two elements were collaboratively synthesised in a subsequent model-building phase. RESULTS The scoping review yielded a service model typology. The integrative review found effectiveness evidence only for four models: collaborative care (the only service model to also have cost-effectiveness evidence), outreach approaches, brief intervention services and an organisational framework called 'Availability, Responsiveness and Continuity'. No service model seemed more acceptable than others. Three case study themes were identified: pathways to support; service engagement; and learning and understanding. The model-building phase identified rapid access, learning self-care skills, individualised support, clear information, compassionate and competent staff and aftercare planning as core characteristics of high-quality services. These characteristics were underpinned by four organisational qualities: values that respect confidentiality; engagement and involvement; collaborative relationships; and a learning culture. CONCLUSIONS A consistent organisational evidence-base for service design and delivery in CYP's mental health spanning many years appears to have had little impact on service provision in England and Wales. Rather than impose - often inflexible and untested - specific local or national models or frameworks, those commissioning, designing and delivering mental health services for CYP should (re)focus on already known, fundamental components necessary for high-quality services. These fundamental components have been integrated into a collaboratively produced general model of service design for CYP with common mental health problems. While this general model is primarily focused on British service provision, it is broad enough to have utility for international audiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Pryjmachuk
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Jean McFarlane Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
| | - Susan Kirk
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Jean McFarlane Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Claire Fraser
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Jean McFarlane Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Nicola Evans
- School of Healthcare Studies, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rhiannon Lane
- School of Healthcare Studies, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter Bower
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Jean McFarlane Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Penny Bee
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Jean McFarlane Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Tim McDougall
- Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
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Tello-Navarro F, Gómez-Urrutia V, Hidalgo-Ortiz JP. Sex, Gender and Class: An Analysis of Chilean Young People's Intimate Life. Int J Sex Health 2024; 36:46-58. [PMID: 38600899 PMCID: PMC10903567 DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2024.2303516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
This article analyzes some aspects of Chilean young people's (aged 15-29) sex life according to sex and socioeconomic background. Using data from the Tenth National Youth Survey, descriptive and inferential analyses were carried out to test possible differences in sexual practices according to these variables. Results show that young Chileans are increasingly diversifying sexual practices. Differences in age at the first sexual relationship between men and women are also becoming less clear; likewise, differences found by socioeconomic background were also weak, suggesting that some practices are common across different groups of youth. The most significant differences found concern certain practices (oral and anal sex), the number of sexual partners men and women have, and the type of relationship (romantic partner, friend, acquaintance) in which sexual encounters take place. We conclude that young people's sexual practices are increasingly being oriented toward self-exploration and personal satisfaction, and less toward the (traditional) goal of forming a family. Nonetheless, the existence of a "double standard" regarding sexual morals can still account for contrasting behaviors according to sex, suggesting the persistence of a gendered normativity. Also, sexual exploration often occurs without adequate information, reducing youngsters' ability to reduce risks or prevent undesired consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Tello-Navarro
- Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Comunicaciones, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca, Chile
| | - Verónica Gómez-Urrutia
- Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
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Johnston R, Sonnappa S, Goddings AL, Whittaker E, Segal TY. A review of post COVID syndrome pathophysiology, clinical presentation and management in children and young people. Paediatr Respir Rev 2024:S1526-0542(24)00003-4. [PMID: 38423894 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Post Covid Syndrome (PCS) is a complex multi-system disorder with a spectrum of presentations. Severity ranges from mild to very severe with variable duration of illness and recovery. This paper discusses the difficulties defining and describing PCS. We review the current understanding of PCS, epidemiology, and predisposing factors. We consider potential mechanisms including viral persistence, clotting dysfunction and immunity. We review presentation and diagnosis and finally consider management strategies including addressing symptom burden, rehabilitation, and novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Johnston
- Paediatric and Adolescent Division, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Samatha Sonnappa
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Anne-Lise Goddings
- Paediatric and Adolescent Division, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Whittaker
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, UK; Section of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Terry Y Segal
- Paediatric and Adolescent Division, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Sturgeon K, Judd A, Burke T, Foster C, Gibb DM, Le Prevost M, Mhizha W, Tweed CD. Disseminating the research findings from the adolescents and adults living with Perinatal HIV (AALPHI) study: an approach from young people living with HIV. Res Involv Engagem 2024; 10:9. [PMID: 38238837 PMCID: PMC10797962 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-024-00541-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Adolescents and Adults Living with Perinatal HIV (AALPHI) study is one of only three cohort studies worldwide evaluating the impact of HIV on young people living with perinatal HIV (PLHIV) relative to a comparable group of HIV negative young people in close relationship with an HIV positive individual, for example, their mother, sibling or partner. This project aimed to engage young people with the AALPHI study findings, help them take ownership, and decide how they would disseminate the key messages to both study participants and to the wider community. METHODS In brief, 318 PLHIV and 100 HIV negative adolescents participated in AALPHI, where they each were interviewed twice, around two years apart. They were asked a wide range of psychosocial and risk behaviour questions and their cognitive function was assessed. We invited three AALPHI participants and seven members of the Youth Trials Board at the Children's HIV Association (CHIVA) to attend up to four workshops. They were provided with the key AALPHI research findings and asked to develop them into a format that was accessible and understandable for young people. Some who had not participated before formed a group in the fourth dissemination workshop that confirmed the most important concepts and results. RESULTS The young people decided to develop a film and a leaflet about the AALPHI findings and co-produced them with a film maker and graphic designer. Challenges included working with the film maker and the venue for the first three dissemination workshops was an office space which was not ideal. CONCLUSION Engaging young people in the dissemination of the AALPHI findings ensured the results were communicated in a way that was more likely to be relevant, accessible and useful to those affected by the study. This project demonstrates how young people in potentially stigmatised areas of care, such as HIV, can be involved in research dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Sturgeon
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, UK.
| | - Ali Judd
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Diana M Gibb
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Warren Mhizha
- Youth Trials Board, London, UK
- Children's HIV Association (CHIVA), Bristol, UK
| | - Conor D Tweed
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, UK
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Mathews F, Ford TJ, White S, Ukoumunne OC, Newlove-Delgado T. Children and young people's reported contact with professional services for mental health concerns: a secondary data analysis. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-023-02328-z. [PMID: 38172370 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02328-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Children and young people's mental health services have been under increasing pressure following COVID-19. Understanding, for which channels help is sought from, will highlight services needing support. This study aims to explore the professional services that parents of children, and young people get help from when they have a concern for the child's/their mental health. Secondary analysis of data is taken from Mental Health of Children and Young People in England Survey, 2017. 7608 reports of mental health-related contact with professional services from parents of 5-16 year-olds and self-reports from young people aged 17-19 were available. Service contact was reported by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) diagnosis, age, gender and ethnicity. Less than two-thirds of children and young people with a DSM-V diagnosis (63.5% (95% CI 58.6-68.1) aged 5-10, and 64.0% (95% CI 59.4-68.4) aged 11-16) reported contact with any professional services. The figure was lower for those aged 17-19; 50.1% (95% CI 42.8-58.2), p = 0.005. Children and young people aged 5-16 from Black (11.7%; 95% CI 2.4-41.4), Asian (55.1%; 95% CI 34.7-73.9) and Mixed (46.0%; 95% CI 32.4-60.3) ethnic groups reported less contact with professional services compared to those from the White group (66.9%; 95% CI 63.5-70.2). Patterns of service access during the three main educational stages aid with understanding service need during childhood. These lower levels of reported service access for young people aged 17-19 with a DSM-V diagnosis and those in ethnic minority groups demand further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamsin Jane Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Simon White
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Obioha Chukwunyere Ukoumunne
- Department of Health and Community Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, NIHR Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Wu Y, Xue Y, Zhao X, Han S, Wu W. Unravelling the veil of appearance anxiety: exploring social media use among Chinese young people. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:9. [PMID: 38167566 PMCID: PMC10759542 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01495-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between appearance anxiety and social media use among Chinese adolescents. Using a grounded theory approach, the study conducted two-round online interviews with ten Chinese university students and subsequently constructed a theoretical model of social media appearance anxiety among Chinese young people. The results of the study indicate that social media has a dual impact on appearance anxiety. On one hand, increased social media engagement amplifies appearance anxiety by shaping aesthetic standards and fostering comparative environments. On the other hand, diverse aesthetic perspectives and authentic presentations on social media partially alleviate appearance anxiety by promoting acceptance of unique appearances and boosting self-confidence. It is emphasized in this study that there should be an in-depth understanding of the dual impact and complicated relationship of social media on the daily lives of Chinese adolescents to further develop relevant strategies that promote healthy social media behavior among youth. Furthermore, this study calls for efforts to actively promote the healthy image and psychological well-being of adolescents while alleviating the negative impact of appearance anxiety and overall mental health. Such efforts are needed to ensure a positive and healthy development for the younger generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Wu
- School of Social Development, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ying Xue
- School of Social Development, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhao
- School of Social Development, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sijia Han
- School of Social Development, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiyun Wu
- School of Social Development, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Lee MY, Wang HS, Chen CJ. Psychosocial experiences in youth with Tourette syndrome: a systematic review and meta-synthesis. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023:10.1007/s00787-023-02339-w. [PMID: 38129352 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02339-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Suffering from Tourette syndrome (TS) disrupts the daily lives and interpersonal relationships of patients. The psychosocial experiences of young people with TS are not yet clear. The aim of the systematic review is to identify and synthesize the psychosocial experiences of young people with TS. A meta-synthesis was conducted. PubMed, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Science, and Chinese Electronic Periodical Services databases were searched for articles published from their inception to February 2023. This review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute's Guidelines for Systematic Reviews according to a previously developed protocol. We used the confidence of synthesized qualitative findings (ConQual) approach to evaluate the credibility and dependability of the synthesized findings. This review included 12 qualitative studies from Western and Asian countries published between 2005 and 2019, representing 190 young people with TS. We identified five synthesized findings: affliction by intractable TS, TS was negatively perceived in the social and cultural context, self-adjustment in response to social interaction, response to receiving various interventions, and positivity in promoting self-acceptance. The ConQual grade for each generated synthesized finding ranged from low to moderate. The psychosocial experiences of youths living with TS are unique and are influenced by their interpersonal relationships, social context, and cultural framework. The findings recommend that healthcare providers assist young people in developing personalized symptom management strategies and provide guidance and care that meets the needs of each individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yin Lee
- National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan.
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