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Elele U, Nekahi A, Arshad A, McAulay K, Fofana I. Sensitivity Analysis of Intensity-Modulated Plastic Optical Fiber Sensors for Effective Aging Detection in Rapeseed Transformer Oil. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:9796. [PMID: 38139642 PMCID: PMC10748025 DOI: 10.3390/s23249796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
As the focus tilts toward online detection methodologies for transformer oil aging, bypassing challenges associated with traditional offline methods, such as sample contamination and misinterpretation, fiber optic sensors are gaining traction due to their compact nature, cost-effectiveness, and resilience to electromagnetic disturbances that are typical in high-voltage environments. This study delves into the sensitivity analysis of intensity-modulated plastic optical fiber sensors. The investigation encompasses key determinants such as the influence of optical source wavelengths, noise response dynamics, ramifications of varying sensing lengths, and repeatability assessments. Our findings highlight that elongating sensing length detrimentally affects both linearity response and repeatability, largely attributed to a diminished resistance to noise. Additionally, the choice of the optical source wavelength proved to be a critical variable in assessing sensor sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugochukwu Elele
- School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 OBA, UK; (U.E.); (A.A.); (K.M.)
| | - Azam Nekahi
- School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 OBA, UK; (U.E.); (A.A.); (K.M.)
| | - Arshad Arshad
- School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 OBA, UK; (U.E.); (A.A.); (K.M.)
| | - Kate McAulay
- School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 OBA, UK; (U.E.); (A.A.); (K.M.)
| | - Issouf Fofana
- Department of Applied Sciences, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Saguenay, QC G7H 2B1, Canada
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2
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Villegas-Cantoran DS, Gómez CL, Gómez-Pavón LDC, Zaca-Morán P, Castillo-López DN, Luis-Ramos A, Muñoz-Pacheco JM. Quantification of hCG Hormone Using Tapered Optical Fiber Decorated with Gold Nanoparticles. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8538. [PMID: 37896633 PMCID: PMC10610987 DOI: 10.3390/s23208538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel technique for the quantification of the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone using localized surface plasmons and a tapered optical fiber decorated with gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) is reported. The tapered optical fiber fabrication process involves stretching a single-mode optical fiber using the flame-brushing system. The waist of the tapered optical fiber reaches a diameter of 3 μm. Decoration of the taper is achieved through the photodeposition of 100 nm Au-NPs using the drop-casting technique and a radiation source emitting at 1550 nm. The presence of the hCG hormone in the sample solutions is verified by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), revealing the presence of bands related to functional groups, such as C=O (1630 cm-1), which are associated with proteins and lipids, components of the hCG hormone. Quantification tests for hormone concentrations were carried out by measuring the optical power response of the tapered optical fiber with Au-NPs under the influence of hCG hormone concentrations, ranging from 1 mIU/mL to 100,000 mIU/mL. In the waist of the tapered optical fiber, the evanescent field is amplified because of localized surface plasmons generated by the nanoparticles and the laser radiation through the optical fiber. Experimental results demonstrated a proportional relationship between measured radiation power and hCG concentration, with the optical power response decreasing from 4.45 mW down to 2.5 mW, as the hCG hormone concentration increased from 1 mIU/mL up to 100,000 mIU/mL. Furthermore, the spectral analysis demonstrated a spectral shift of 14.2 nm with the increment of the hCG hormone concentration. The measurement system exhibits promising potential as a sensor for applications in the biomedical and industrial fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Saúl Villegas-Cantoran
- Grupo de Sistemas Fotónicos y Nanoóptica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Electrónica, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (D.S.V.-C.); (D.N.C.-L.); (A.L.-R.); (J.M.M.-P.)
| | - Celia Lizeth Gómez
- Instituto de Ciencias, Ecocampus Valsequillo, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (C.L.G.); (P.Z.-M.)
| | - Luz del Carmen Gómez-Pavón
- Grupo de Sistemas Fotónicos y Nanoóptica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Electrónica, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (D.S.V.-C.); (D.N.C.-L.); (A.L.-R.); (J.M.M.-P.)
| | - Placido Zaca-Morán
- Instituto de Ciencias, Ecocampus Valsequillo, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (C.L.G.); (P.Z.-M.)
| | - Dulce Natalia Castillo-López
- Grupo de Sistemas Fotónicos y Nanoóptica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Electrónica, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (D.S.V.-C.); (D.N.C.-L.); (A.L.-R.); (J.M.M.-P.)
| | - Arnulfo Luis-Ramos
- Grupo de Sistemas Fotónicos y Nanoóptica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Electrónica, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (D.S.V.-C.); (D.N.C.-L.); (A.L.-R.); (J.M.M.-P.)
| | - Jesús Manuel Muñoz-Pacheco
- Grupo de Sistemas Fotónicos y Nanoóptica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Electrónica, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico; (D.S.V.-C.); (D.N.C.-L.); (A.L.-R.); (J.M.M.-P.)
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Teuber A, Caniglia G, Wild M, Godejohann M, Kranz C, Mizaikoff B. Espresso Science: Laser-Based Diamond Thin-Film Waveguide Sensors for the Quantification of Caffeine. ACS Sens 2023; 8:1871-1881. [PMID: 37125943 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Diamond thin-film waveguides with a nanocrystalline diamond layer of approximately 20 μm thickness were used in the mid-infrared regime in combination with quantum cascade lasers to detect the IR signature of caffeine. The diamond thin-film waveguides were fundamentally characterized with respect to their morphological properties via AFM and SEM. Theoretical simulations confirmed the feasibility of using a larger sensing area of approximately 50 mm2 compared to conventionally used strip waveguides. A comprehensive and comparative analysis confirmed the performance of the diamond thin-film-waveguide-based sensing system vs data obtained via conventional attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy using a single-bounce diamond internal reflection element. Hence, the utility of innovative diamond thin-film-waveguide-based sensors coupled with quantum cascade laser light sources has been confirmed as an innovative analytical tool, which may be used in a wide range of application scenarios, ranging from environmental to medical sensing, taking advantage of the robustness and inertness of nanocrystalline diamond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Teuber
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Giada Caniglia
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | | | | | - Christine Kranz
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Boris Mizaikoff
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, University of Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
- Hahn-Schickard, Ulm 89077, Germany
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4
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Long YJ, Fan GF, Hu YJ, Dai XG, Zhang HR, Li S, Jing GS, Wu DL, Li Y. Seven-layer analysis model of an optical waveguide excitation fluorescence microscopy. J Microsc 2023; 290:153-160. [PMID: 36916012 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, an optical waveguide evanescent field fluorescence microscopy is studied. Based on Maxwell's equation, a seven-layer theoretical analysis model is developed for the evaluation of an optical waveguide excitation fluorescence microscopy. The optical waveguide excitation fluorescence microscopy structure is systematically and comprehensively analysed at the wavelengths of 488, 532 and 646 nm for fluorescent dyes. The analysis results provide some useful suggestions, which will be beneficial to the research of an optical waveguide evanescent field fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Jie Long
- Key Laboratory of All Optical Network and Advanced Telecommunication Network, Ministry of Education, Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Fang Fan
- Key Laboratory of All Optical Network and Advanced Telecommunication Network, Ministry of Education, Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Jun Hu
- Key Laboratory of All Optical Network and Advanced Telecommunication Network, Ministry of Education, Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Gang Dai
- Key Laboratory of All Optical Network and Advanced Telecommunication Network, Ministry of Education, Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Ru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of All Optical Network and Advanced Telecommunication Network, Ministry of Education, Institute of Lightwave Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Shi Li
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Gao-Shan Jing
- Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Da-Lin Wu
- Poly Microchip Technology Co. LTD, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology, National Center of Measurement and Testing for East China, National Center of Testing Technology, Shanghai, China
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5
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Qiu G, Du Y, Guo Y, Meng Y, Gai Z, Zhang M, Wang J, deMello A. Plasmofluidic-Based Near-Field Optical Trapping of Dielectric Nano-Objects Using Gold Nanoislands Sensor Chips. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:47409-47419. [PMID: 36240070 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Near-field optical manipulation has been widely used for guiding and trapping nanoscale objects close to an optical-active interface. This near-field manipulation opens opportunities for next-generation biosensing with the capability of large-area trapping and in situ detection. In this article, we used the finite element method (FEM) to analyze the motion mechanism of nano-objects (50-500 nm) in the near-field optics, especially localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). The size-dependent optical forces and hydrodynamic forces of subwavelength nanoparticles (<500 nm) in different hydrodynamic velocity fields were calculated. When the strength of the local electric field was increased, LSPR with two-dimensional gold nanoislands (AuNIs) showed improved capability for manipulating nano-objects near the vicinity of the AuNI interface. Through the experiments of in situ interferometric testing 50-500 nm nano-objects with constant number concentration or volume fraction, it was confirmed that the local plasmonic near-field was able to trap the dielectric polystyrene beads smaller than 200 nm. The plasmofluidic system was further verified by testing biological nanovesicles such as exosomes (40-200 nm) and high- and low-density lipoproteins (10-200 nm). This concept of direct dielectric nano-objects manipulation enables large-scale parallel trapping and dynamic sensing of biological nanovesicles without the need of molecular binding tethers or labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Qiu
- Institute for Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Stefano-Franscini-Platz 3, CH-8093Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf8600, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai200240, China
| | - Ying Du
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg1, CH-8093Zürich, Switzerland
- College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou310023, China
| | - Yujia Guo
- College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou310023, China
| | - Yingchao Meng
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg1, CH-8093Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zhibo Gai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zürich, Zürich8091, Switzerland
| | - Ming Zhang
- College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou310023, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute for Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Stefano-Franscini-Platz 3, CH-8093Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf8600, Switzerland
| | - Andrew deMello
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg1, CH-8093Zürich, Switzerland
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Kocheril PA, Lenz KD, Mascareñas DDL, Morales-Garcia JE, Anderson AS, Mukundan H. Portable Waveguide-Based Optical Biosensor. Biosensors (Basel) 2022; 12:bios12040195. [PMID: 35448255 PMCID: PMC9025188 DOI: 10.3390/bios12040195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Rapid, on-site diagnostics allow for timely intervention and response for warfighter support, environmental monitoring, and global health needs. Portable optical biosensors are being widely pursued as a means of achieving fieldable biosensing due to the potential speed and accuracy of optical detection. We recently developed the portable engineered analytic sensor with automated sampling (PEGASUS) with the goal of developing a fieldable, generalizable biosensing platform. Here, we detail the development of PEGASUS's sensing hardware and use a test-bed system of identical sensing hardware and software to demonstrate detection of a fluorescent conjugate at 1 nM through biotin-streptavidin chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A. Kocheril
- Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy Group, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; (P.A.K.); (K.D.L.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Kiersten D. Lenz
- Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy Group, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; (P.A.K.); (K.D.L.); (A.S.A.)
| | - David D. L. Mascareñas
- National Security Education Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; (D.D.L.M.); (J.E.M.-G.)
| | - John E. Morales-Garcia
- National Security Education Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; (D.D.L.M.); (J.E.M.-G.)
| | - Aaron S. Anderson
- Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy Group, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; (P.A.K.); (K.D.L.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Harshini Mukundan
- Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy Group, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA; (P.A.K.); (K.D.L.); (A.S.A.)
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7
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Teuber A, Stach R, Haas J, Mizaikoff B. Innovative Substrate-Integrated Hollow Waveguide Coupled Attenuated Total Reflection Sensors for Quantum Cascade Laser Based Infrared Spectroscopy in Harsh Environments. Appl Spectrosc 2022; 76:132-140. [PMID: 34890273 DOI: 10.1177/00037028211064331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An innovative mid-infrared spectroscopic sensor system based on quantum cascade lasers has been developed. The system combines the versatility of substrate-integrated hollow waveguides (IHWGs) with the robustness of attenuated total reflection (ATR) crystals employed as internal reflection waveguides for evanescent field sensing. IHWGs are highly reflective metal structures that propagate infrared (IR) radiation and were used as light pipes for coupling radiation into the ATR waveguide. The combined IHWG-ATR device has been designed such that the utmost stability and robustness of the optical alignment were ensured. This novel assembly enables evanescent field absorption measurements at yet unprecedently harsh conditions, that is, high pressure and temperature. Combining these advantages, this innovative sensor assembly is perfectly suited for taking ATR spectroscopy into the field where the robustness of the assembly and optical alignment is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Teuber
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 9189Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | | | - Boris Mizaikoff
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 9189Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- 199772Hahn-Schickard, Ulm, Germany
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8
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Pan XH, Chen M, Cao SH, Xu ZQ, Li Z, Li YQ. Plasmon Coupling Enhanced Micro-Spectroscopy and Imaging for Sensitive Discrimination of Membrane Domains of a Single Cell. Chemistry 2021; 27:17331-17335. [PMID: 34609776 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Different cell membrane domains play different roles in many cell processes, and the discrimination of these domains is of considerable importance for the elucidation of cellular functions. However, the strategies available for distinguishing these cell membrane domains are limited. A novel technique called plasmon coupling enhanced micro-spectroscopy and imaging to discriminate basal and lateral membrane domains of a single cell combines the application of an additional plasmonic silver film for surface plasmon (SP) excitation to selectively excite and enhance the basal membranes in the near-field with directional enhanced microscopic imaging and spectroscopy. The SP and critical evanescent fields are induced upon excitation through a silver-coated semitransparent coverslip at the surface plasmon resonance and critical angles, respectively. The basal and lateral membrane domains located within the SP and critical evanescent fields can be selectively excited and distinguished by adjusting the incident angle of laser irradiation. Moreover, the brighter images and more intense spectra of membrane-targeting fluorescence-Raman probes under directional excitation than in conventional EPI mode allow clear identification of the membrane domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Pan
- Department of Chemistry and, the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Siming District, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Chemistry and, the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Siming District, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Shuo-Hui Cao
- Department of Chemistry and, the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Siming District, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Qian Xu
- Department of Chemistry and, the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Siming District, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Chemistry and, the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Siming District, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yao-Qun Li
- Department of Chemistry and, the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 422 Siming South Road, Siming District, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
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Ashkavand Z, Sadeghi E, Parvizi R, Zare M. Developed Low-Temperature Anionic 2H-MoS 2/Au Sensing Layer Coated Optical Fiber Gas Sensor. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:34283-34296. [PMID: 32614567 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Carboxyl-functionalized molybdenum disulfide (COOH-MoS2) nanosheets were prepared through a facile low-temperature hydrothermal method. The phase transformation of metallic-1T to 2H-semiconductor COOH-MoS2 nanosheets was conducted through introducing Au thin film on the unclad optical fiber as a sensing layer in a low temperature. The developed structure successfully refined the loss of the semiconducting properties and poor adhesion of COOH-MoS2 on the unclad polymer optical fiber, which provided limited semiconductor potential as the sensing layers on the optical fiber surfaces. The sensing performance of the as-prepared structure was tested for quantitative detection of three different volatile organic carbons (VOCs) of ethanol, propanol, and methanol gases as well as cross-sensitivity to relative humidity. The operating principle was based on intensity variation of the evanescent wave in the sensing region. The response of the proposed sensing system shows maximum response and better linearity (R2 = 0.999) to methanol at room temperature. Finally, the comparative experimental cross-sensitivity to relative humidity and methanol was also studied to evaluate the potential of sensing range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ashkavand
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Yasouj University, Yasouj 75914-353, Iran
| | - E Sadeghi
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Yasouj University, Yasouj 75914-353, Iran
| | - R Parvizi
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Yasouj University, Yasouj 75914-353, Iran
| | - M Zare
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Yasouj University, Yasouj 75914-353, Iran
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10
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Chen GY, Wang J, Lancaster DG. Fiber-Optic Skew Ray Sensors. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:s20092499. [PMID: 32354093 PMCID: PMC7248862 DOI: 10.3390/s20092499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The evanescent fields along multimode fibers are usually relatively weak. To enhance the sensitivity of the resulting sensors, skew rays have been exploited for their larger number of total internal reflections and their more comprehensive spread over the fiber surface. The uniform distribution of light-matter interactions across the fiber surface facilitates high sensitivity through an increased interaction area, while mitigating the risk of laser-induced coating-material damage and photobleaching. Power-dependent measurements are less susceptible to temperature effects than interferometric techniques, and place loose requirements on the laser source. This review highlights the key developments in this area, while discussing the benefits, challenges as well as future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Y. Chen
- Laser Physics and Photonic Devices Laboratories, School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, 5095 SA, Australia;
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Technology of Shandong Province; Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China;
| | - David G. Lancaster
- Laser Physics and Photonic Devices Laboratories, School of Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, 5095 SA, Australia;
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11
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Beyer-Hans KMC, Sigrist MW, Silbereisen A, Ozturk VO, Emingil G, Bostanci N. Salivary Fingerprinting of Periodontal Disease by Infrared-ATR Spectroscopy. Proteomics Clin Appl 2020; 14:e1900092. [PMID: 31999389 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201900092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Periodontal diseases, the most common chronic inflammatory diseases in humans, do not only affect tooth-supporting tissues but also other body parts by contributing to the development of life-threatening conditions. Since currently available diagnostic methods in periodontics lack the ability to identify patients at high risk for periodontal disease progression, development of innovative, non-invasive, rapid detection methods for diagnosing periodontal diseases is needed. This study aims to assess the potential of infrared attenuated total reflection (IR-ATR) spectroscopy to detect differences in composition of saliva supernatant in non-periodontitis individuals (control) and patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (G-AgP). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN IR-ATR is performed with a wavelength interval from 1230 to 1180 cm-1 , analyzed with a simple subtraction in absorbance data. RESULTS Ten samples show in the analysis of variance of the two data sets a true difference (99.8%). A principal component analysis (PCA) is able to discriminate between G-AgP and control groups. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study demonstrates for the first time that IR-ATR spectroscopy is a promising tool for the analysis of saliva supernatant for the diagnosis of periodontitis, and potentially other periodontal conditions. IR-ATR spectroscopy holds the potential to be miniaturized and utilized as a non-invasive screening test.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Markus Werner Sigrist
- Laser Spectroscopy and Sensing Lab, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Angelika Silbereisen
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 14152, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Veli Ozgen Ozturk
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, 09100, Turkey
| | - Gulnur Emingil
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Egg University, Izmir, 35100, Turkey
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 14152, Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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You S, Zhu W, Wang P, Chen S. Projection Printing of Ultrathin Structures with Nanoscale Thickness Control. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:16059-16064. [PMID: 30964636 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b02728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Spatial control of photon energy has been a central part of many light-based manufacturing processes. We report a direct projection printing method for ultrathin structures with nanoscale thickness control by using a patterned evanescent field. The evanescent field is induced by total internal reflection at the interface between the substrate and a prepolymer solution, and it is patterned by a phase-only spatial light modulator. The ultrathin structure is printed on a high-refractive-index glass substrate through photopolymerization. An iterative algorithm is used to calculate the phase pattern for generating arbitrary holography images and making the image plane to coincide with the interface. The thickness of the pattern is limited by the penetration depth of the evanescent field. Experiment results demonstrated that polymer structures as thin as 200 nm can be patterned without significant process optimization. Such fine control in thickness could transform many techniques such as light-based 3D printing and laser direct-write manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangting You
- Department of NanoEngineering , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of NanoEngineering , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Pengrui Wang
- Material Science and Engineering , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Department of NanoEngineering , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
- Material Science and Engineering , University of California San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
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13
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Sabek J, Díaz-Fernández FJ, Torrijos-Morán L, Díaz-Betancor Z, Maquieira Á, Bañuls MJ, Pinilla-Cienfuegos E, García-Rupérez J. Experimental study of an evanescent-field biosensor based on 1D photonic bandgap structures. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2019; 10:967-974. [PMID: 31165023 PMCID: PMC6541322 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A photonic bandgap (PBG) biosensor has been developed for the label-free detection of proteins. As the sensing in this type of structures is governed by the interaction between the evanescent field going into the cladding and the target analytes, scanning near-field optical microscopy has been used to characterize the profile of that evanescent field. The study confirms the strong exponential decrease of the signal as it goes into the cladding. This means that biorecognition events must occur as close to the PBG structure surface as possible in order to obtain the maximum sensing response. Within this context, the PBG biosensor has been biofunctionalized with half-antibodies specific to bovine serum albumin (BSA) using a UV-induced immobilization procedure. The use of half-antibodies allows one to reduce the thickness of the biorecognition volume down to ca. 2.5 nm, thus leading to a higher interaction with the evanescent field, as well as a proper orientation of their binding sites towards the target sample. Then, the biofunctionalized PBG biosensor has been used to perform a direct and real-time detection of the target BSA antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jad Sabek
- Nanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Luis Torrijos-Morán
- Nanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Zeneida Díaz-Betancor
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico IDM, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángel Maquieira
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico IDM, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - María-José Bañuls
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico IDM, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Pinilla-Cienfuegos
- Nanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jaime García-Rupérez
- Nanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Lopez-Torres D, Lopez-Aldaba A, Elosua C, Auguste JL, Jamier R, Roy P, Lopez-Amo M, Arregui FJ. Comparison between Different Structures of Suspended-Core Microstructured Optical Fibers for Volatiles Sensing. Sensors (Basel) 2018; 18:E2523. [PMID: 30072611 PMCID: PMC6111882 DOI: 10.3390/s18082523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, different core structures of microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) for low-finesse Fabry⁻Pérot (FP) sensors are experimentally compared to get the highest sensitivity. These devices are designed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measurements. Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films were deposited by sputtering on the MOFs and different optical fast Fourier transform (FFT) phase responses from the FP were measured for saturated atmospheres of ethanol. It has been demonstrated that the sensitivities of the developed sensors depend strongly on the geometry and the dimensions of the MOF-cores. The sensors show recovery times shorter than 100 s and the baselines are fully recovered after every exposure to ethanol vapors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Lopez-Torres
- Electric and Electronic Engineering Department, Universidad Publica de Navarra, Edif. Los Tejos, Campus Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Aitor Lopez-Aldaba
- Electric and Electronic Engineering Department, Universidad Publica de Navarra, Edif. Los Tejos, Campus Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Universidad Publica de Navarra. Campus Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Cesar Elosua
- Electric and Electronic Engineering Department, Universidad Publica de Navarra, Edif. Los Tejos, Campus Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Universidad Publica de Navarra. Campus Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Jean L Auguste
- XLIM Photonics Department, UMR 7252, University of Limoges, CNRS, F-87000 Limoges, France.
| | - Rapahel Jamier
- XLIM Photonics Department, UMR 7252, University of Limoges, CNRS, F-87000 Limoges, France.
| | - Philippe Roy
- XLIM Photonics Department, UMR 7252, University of Limoges, CNRS, F-87000 Limoges, France.
| | - Manuel Lopez-Amo
- Electric and Electronic Engineering Department, Universidad Publica de Navarra, Edif. Los Tejos, Campus Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Universidad Publica de Navarra. Campus Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Arregui
- Electric and Electronic Engineering Department, Universidad Publica de Navarra, Edif. Los Tejos, Campus Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
- Institute of Smart Cities (ISC), Universidad Publica de Navarra. Campus Arrosadia, 31006 Pamplona, Spain.
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15
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Abstract
We examine the motion of periodically driven and optically tweezed microspheres in fluid and find a rich variety of dynamic regimes. We demonstrate, in experiment and in theory, that mean particle motion in 2D is rarely parallel to the direction of the applied force and can even exhibit elliptical orbits with nonzero orbital angular momentum. The behavior is unique in that it depends neither on the nature of the microparticles nor that of the excitation; rather, angular momentum is introduced by the particle's interaction with the anisotropic fluid and optical trap environment. Overall, we find this motion to be highly tunable and predictable.
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Madsen LS, Baker C, Rubinsztein-Dunlop H, Bowen WP. Nondestructive Profilometry of Optical Nanofibers. Nano Lett 2016; 16:7333-7337. [PMID: 27960530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Single-mode optical nanofibers are a central component of a broad range of applications and emerging technologies. Their fabrication has been extensively studied over the past decade, but imaging of the final submicrometer products has been restricted to destructive or low-precision techniques. Here, we demonstrate an optical scattering-based scanning method that uses a probe nanofiber to locally scatter the evanescent field of a sample nanofibre. The method does not damage the sample nanofiber and is easily implemented by only using the same equipment as in a standard fiber-puller setup. We demonstrate the subnanometer radial resolution at video rates (0.7 nm in 10 ms) on single mode nanofibers, allowing for a complete high-precision profile to be obtained within minutes of fabrication. The method thus enables nondestructive, fast, and precise characterization of optical nanofibers, with applications ranging from optical sensors and cold atom traps to nonlinear optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars S Madsen
- Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland , Saint Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Christopher Baker
- Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland , Saint Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop
- Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland , Saint Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Warwick P Bowen
- Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland , Saint Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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17
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Cadarso VJ, Llobera A, Puyol M, Schift H. Integrated Photonic Nanofences: Combining Subwavelength Waveguides with an Enhanced Evanescent Field for Sensing Applications. ACS Nano 2016; 10:778-85. [PMID: 26615837 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b05864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Photonic nanofences consisting of high aspect ratio polymeric optical subwavelength waveguides have been developed for their application into photonic sensing devices. They are up to millimeter long arrays of 250 nm wide and 6 μm high ridges produced by an advanced lithography process on a silicon substrate enabling their straightforward integration into complex photonic circuits. Both simulations and experimental results show that the overlap of the evanescent fields propagating from each photonic nanofence allows for the formation of an effective waveguide that confines the overall evanescent field within its limits. This permits a high interaction with the surrounding medium which can be larger than 90% of the total guided light intensity (approximately 20000 times larger than the evanescent field of a standard waveguide with equivalent dimensions). In this work, we not only investigate the photonic properties of these structures but also demonstrate their successful integration into a photonic sensor. An absorbance-based sensor for the determination of lead in water samples is therefore achieved by the combination of the photonic nanofences with an ion-sensitive optical membrane. The experimental results for lead detection in water show a sensitivity of 0.102 AU/decade, and a linear range between 10(-6) M and 10(-2) M Pb(II). A detection limit as low as 7.3 nM has been calculated according to IUPAC for a signal-to-noise ratio of 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor J Cadarso
- Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) , 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Andreu Llobera
- Chemical Transducers Group, Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC) , 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Mar Puyol
- Sensors & Biosensors Group, Department of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Barcelona , Edifici Cn, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Helmut Schift
- Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) , 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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18
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Nahar Q, Fleißner F, Shuster J, Morawitz M, Halfpap C, Stefan M, Langbein U, Southam G, Mittler S. Waveguide evanescent field scattering microscopy: bacterial biofilms and their sterilization response via UV irradiation. J Biophotonics 2014; 7:542-551. [PMID: 24133004 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201300135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Waveguide Evanescent Field Scattering (WEFS) microscopy is introduced as a new and simple tool for label-free, high contrast imaging of bacteria and bacteria sensors. Bacterial microcolonies and single bacteria were discriminated both by their bright field images and by their evanescent scattering intensity. By comparing bright field images with WEFS images, the proportion of planktonic: sessile (i.e., "floating": attached) bacteria were measured. Bacteria were irradiated with UV light, which limited their biofilm forming capability. A quantitative decrease in attachment of individual, sessile bacteria and in attached, microcolony occupied areas was easily determined within the apparent biofilms with increasing UV dose. WEFS microscopy is an ideal tool for providing rapid quantitative data on biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qamrun Nahar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Ontario Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada; Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
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19
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Morrissey MJ, Deasy K, Frawley M, Kumar R, Prel E, Russell L, Truong VG, Chormaic SN. Spectroscopy, manipulation and trapping of neutral atoms, molecules, and other particles using optical nanofibers: a review. Sensors (Basel) 2013; 13:10449-81. [PMID: 23945738 PMCID: PMC3812613 DOI: 10.3390/s130810449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of tapered optical fibers, i.e., optical nanofibers, for spectroscopy and the detection of small numbers of particles, such as neutral atoms or molecules, has been gaining interest in recent years. In this review, we briefly introduce the optical nanofiber, its fabrication, and optical mode propagation within. We discuss recent progress on the integration of optical nanofibers into laser-cooled atom and vapor systems, paying particular attention to spectroscopy, cold atom cloud characterization, and optical trapping schemes. Next, a natural extension of this work to molecules is introduced. Finally, we consider several alternatives to optical nanofibers that display some advantages for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Morrissey
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; E-Mail:
| | - Kieran Deasy
- Light-Matter Interactions Unit, OIST Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan; E-Mails: (K.D.); (M.F.); (R.K.); (E.P.); (L.R.); (V.G.T.)
| | - Mary Frawley
- Light-Matter Interactions Unit, OIST Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan; E-Mails: (K.D.); (M.F.); (R.K.); (E.P.); (L.R.); (V.G.T.)
- Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ravi Kumar
- Light-Matter Interactions Unit, OIST Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan; E-Mails: (K.D.); (M.F.); (R.K.); (E.P.); (L.R.); (V.G.T.)
- Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eugen Prel
- Light-Matter Interactions Unit, OIST Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan; E-Mails: (K.D.); (M.F.); (R.K.); (E.P.); (L.R.); (V.G.T.)
- Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Laura Russell
- Light-Matter Interactions Unit, OIST Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan; E-Mails: (K.D.); (M.F.); (R.K.); (E.P.); (L.R.); (V.G.T.)
- Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Viet Giang Truong
- Light-Matter Interactions Unit, OIST Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan; E-Mails: (K.D.); (M.F.); (R.K.); (E.P.); (L.R.); (V.G.T.)
| | - Síle Nic Chormaic
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; E-Mail:
- Light-Matter Interactions Unit, OIST Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan; E-Mails: (K.D.); (M.F.); (R.K.); (E.P.); (L.R.); (V.G.T.)
- Physics Department, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +81-98-966-1551
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Luchansky MS, Washburn AL, Martin TA, Iqbal M, Gunn LC, Bailey RC. Characterization of the evanescent field profile and bound mass sensitivity of a label-free silicon photonic microring resonator biosensing platform. Biosens Bioelectron 2010; 26:1283-91. [PMID: 20708399 PMCID: PMC2997171 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 07/03/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Silicon photonic microring resonators have emerged as a sensitive and highly multiplexed platform for real-time biomolecule detection. Herein, we profile the evanescent decay of device sensitivity towards molecular binding as a function of distance from the microring surface. By growing multilayers of electrostatically bound polymers extending from the sensor surface, we are able to empirically determine that the evanescent field intensity is characterized by a 1/e response decay distance of 63 nm. We then applied this knowledge to study the growth of biomolecular assemblies consisting of alternating layers of biotinylated antibody and streptavidin, which follow a more complex growth pattern. Additionally, by monitoring the shift in microring resonance wavelength upon the deposition of a radioactively labeled protein, the mass sensitivity of the ring resonator platform was determined to be 14.7±6.7 [pg/mm(2)]/Δpm. By extrapolating to the instrument noise baseline, the mass/area limit of detection is found to be 1.5±0.7 pg/mm(2). Taking the small surface area of the microring sensor into consideration, this value corresponds to an absolute mass detection limit of 125 ag (i.e. 0.8 zmol of IgG), demonstrating the remarkable sensitivity of this promising label-free biomolecular sensing platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S. Luchansky
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Genomic Biology, and Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Adam L. Washburn
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Genomic Biology, and Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Teresa A. Martin
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Genomic Biology, and Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Muzammil Iqbal
- Genalyte, Inc., 11760 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite R, San Diego, CA 92121
| | - L. Cary Gunn
- Genalyte, Inc., 11760 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite R, San Diego, CA 92121
| | - Ryan C. Bailey
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Genomic Biology, and Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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21
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Stephens MD, Yuan G, Lear KL, Dandy DS. Optical and physical characterization of a local evanescent array coupled biosensor: Use of evanescent field perturbations for multianalyte sensing. Sens Actuators B Chem 2010; 145:769-774. [PMID: 20436955 PMCID: PMC2860394 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2010.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The evanescent field surrounding the core of an optical waveguide is very sensitive to refractive index changes near the core. This sensitivity can be exploited to form the basis for a quantitative sensor with high specificity and sensitivity. Selective probe molecules may be attached to the surface of a waveguide core and the evanescent field locally monitored as target analytes are introduced to the system. In this study, probe/analyte regions were simulated using lithographically patterned organic films with thicknesses of 60 nm and 130 nm. The evanescent field strength was measured quantitatively using near field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM). The presence of the organic material on the waveguide caused up to a 70% change in the intensity of the evanescent field over the patterned region and the excitation of a weakly bound higher order mode. The waveguide core and surrounding cladding were numerically simulated using the beam propagation method and these predictions are in quantitative agreement with the experimental results obtained using NSOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Stephens
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Guangwei Yuan
- Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Kevin L. Lear
- Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - David S. Dandy
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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22
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Saracoglu ÖG. An Artificial Neural Network Approach for the Prediction of Absorption Measurements of an Evanescent Field Fiber Sensor. Sensors (Basel) 2008; 8:1585-1594. [PMID: 27879782 PMCID: PMC3663013 DOI: 10.3390/s8031585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2007] [Accepted: 02/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes artificial neural network (ANN) based prediction of theresponse of a fiber optic sensor using evanescent field absorption (EFA). The sensingprobe of the sensor is made up a bundle of five PCS fibers to maximize the interaction ofevanescent field with the absorbing medium. Different backpropagation algorithms areused to train the multilayer perceptron ANN. The Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, aswell as the other algorithms used in this work successfully predicts the sensor responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ö Galip Saracoglu
- Erciyes University, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
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23
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Schmitt K, Oehse K, Sulz G, Hoffmann C. Evanescent field Sensors Based on Tantalum Pentoxide Waveguides - A Review. Sensors (Basel) 2008; 8:711-38. [PMID: 27879731 DOI: 10.3390/s8020711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2007] [Accepted: 01/29/2008] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Evanescent field sensors based on waveguide surfaces play an important rolewhere high sensitivity is required. Particularly tantalum pentoxide (Ta₂O₅) is a suitablematerial for thin-film waveguides due to its high refractive index and low attenuation.Many label-free biosensor systems such as grating couplers and interferometric sensors aswell as fluorescence-based systems benefit from this waveguide material leading toextremely high sensitivity. Some biosensor systems based on Ta₂O₅ waveguides alreadytook the step into commercialization. This report reviews the various detection systems interms of limit of detection, the applications, and the suitable surface chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris D. Geddes
- Institute of Fluorescence and Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Medical Biotechnology Center, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, 725 West Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, 21201
| | - Ignacy Gryczynski
- Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 725 West Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, 21201
| | - Joanna Malicka
- Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 725 West Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, 21201
| | - Zygmunt Gryczynski
- Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 725 West Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, 21201
| | - Joseph R. Lakowicz
- Center for Fluorescence Spectroscopy, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 725 West Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, 21201
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25
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Zenisek D, Davila V, Wan L, Almers W. Imaging calcium entry sites and ribbon structures in two presynaptic cells. J Neurosci 2003; 23:2538-48. [PMID: 12684438 PMCID: PMC6742070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the location of calcium entry sites and synaptic ribbons in the type-Mb goldfish bipolar neuron and the bullfrog saccular hair cell. Cells were loaded with a fast calcium indicator (Fluo-3 or Fluo-5F) and an excess of a high-affinity but slow Ca buffer (EGTA). The cell surface was imaged by evanescent field microscopy. Small fluorescent "hot spots" representing calcium entry sites appeared abruptly when a voltage step opened Ca channels and disappeared or dimmed abruptly when Ca channels closed. In bipolar cells, the fluorescence of hot spots tracked the calcium influx. Hair cells showed similar Ca hot spots. Synaptic ribbons or dense bodies were labeled by immunofluorescence with an antibody that recognizes the ribbon protein ribeye. The antibody labeled punctate structures beneath the plasma membrane. In both bipolar neurons and hair cells, the number of Ca entry sites was similar or identical to that of ribbons or dense bodies, consistent with the idea that calcium-channel clusters reside near ribbons, and that both mark active zones. In bipolar cells, the number of Ca entry sites and ribeye-positive fluorescent spots is also strikingly similar to that of exocytic active zones but significantly less than the number of total exocytic sites including solitary fusion events outside active zones. We suggest that in bipolar terminals, active zones, Ca entry sites, and synaptic ribbons all colocalize, but also that a significant number of vesicles can fuse outside active zones and, hence, independently of synaptic ribbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Zenisek
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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Abstract
We used total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy to study quantitatively the motion and distribution of secretory granules near the plasma membrane (PM) of living bovine chromaffin cells. Within the approximately 300-nm region measurably illuminated by the evanescent field resulting from total internal reflection, granules are preferentially concentrated close to the PM. Granule motion normal to the substrate (the z direction) is much slower than would be expected from free Brownian motion, is strongly restricted over tens of nanometer distances, and tends to reverse directions within 0.5 s. The z-direction diffusion coefficients of granules decrease continuously by two orders of magnitude within less than a granule diameter of the PM as granules approach the PM. These analyses suggest that a system of tethers or a heterogeneous matrix severely limits granule motion in the immediate vicinity of the PM. Transient expression of the light chains of tetanus toxin and botulinum toxin A did not disrupt the restricted motion of granules near the PM, indicating that SNARE proteins SNAP-25 and VAMP are not necessary for the decreased mobility. However, the lack of functional SNAREs on the plasma or granule membranes in such cells reduces the time that some granules spend immediately adjacent to the PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Johns
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Edwin S. Levitan
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Eric A. Shelden
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Ronald W. Holz
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Daniel Axelrod
- Department of Physics and Biophysics Research Division, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
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