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Yu C, Gbadago DQ, Hyeong SK, Lee SK, Hwang S, Shin N. Optimized Substrate Orientations for Highly Uniform Metal Halide Perovskite Film Deposition. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:43822-43834. [PMID: 37672479 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Uniform optoelectronic quality of metal halide perovskite (MHP) films is critical for scalable production in large-area applications, such as photovoltaics and displays. While vapor-based MHP film deposition is advantageous for this purpose, achieving film uniformity can be challenging due to uneven temperature distribution and precursor concentration over the substrate. Here, we propose optimized substrate orientations for the vapor-based fabrication of homogeneous MAPbI3 thin films, involving a PbI2 primary layer deposition and subsequent conversion using vaporized methylammonium iodide (MAI). Leveraging computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, we confirm that vertical positioning during the PbI2 layer growth yields a uniform film with a narrow temperature distribution and minimal boundary layer thickness. However, during the subsequent conversion step, horizontal substrate positioning results in spatially more uniform MAPbI3 thickness and grain size compared to the vertical placement due to enhanced MAI intercalation. From this optimized substrate positioning, we observe substantial optical homogeneity across the substrate on a centimeter scale, along with uniform and enhanced optoelectronic device performance within photodetector arrays. Our results offer a potential path toward the scalable production of highly uniform perovskite films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaeeun Yu
- Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Program in Smart Digital Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Dela Quarme Gbadago
- Program in Smart Digital Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Ki Hyeong
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoung-Ki Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwon Hwang
- Program in Smart Digital Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Naechul Shin
- Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Program in Smart Digital Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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2
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Doan UTT, Le DK, Huynh TL, Ngo TT, Vo TQ, Thi MTT, Pham ATT, Tran VC, Nguyen PT, Pham NK. Tuned Transport Path of Perovskite MAPbI 3 -based Memristor Structure. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202300210. [PMID: 37394623 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the features of resistive random access memory (RRAM) employing a straightforward Cr/MAPbI3 /FTO three-layer structure have been examined and clarified. The device displays various resistance switching (RS) behavior at various sweep voltages between 0.5 and 5 V. The RS effect has a conversion in the direction of the SET and RESET processes during sweeping for a number of cycles at a specific voltage. The directional change of the RS processes corresponds to the dominant transition between the generation/recombination of iodide ion and vacancy in the MAPbI3 perovskite layer and the electrochemical metallization of the Cr electrode under the influence of an electric field, which results in the conductive filament (CF) formation/rupture. At each stage, these processes are controlled by specific charge conduction mechanisms, including Ohmic conduction, space-charge-limited conduction (SCLC), and variable-range hopping (VRH). By identifying the biased voltage and the quantity of voltage sweep cycles, one can take a new approach to control or modulate the pathways for effective charge transport. This new approach is made possible by an understanding of the RS characteristics and the corresponding mechanisms causing the variation of RS behavior in the structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uyen Tu Thi Doan
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Duy Khanh Le
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Truong Lam Huynh
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Tung Thanh Ngo
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Trieu Quang Vo
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Minh Thu Tran Thi
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Anh Tuan Thanh Pham
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Vinh Cao Tran
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Phuong Tuyet Nguyen
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Kim Pham
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam
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Mathur A, Li A, Maheshwari V. Hydrophobic-Hydrophilic Block Copolymer Mediated Tuning of Halide Perovskite Photosensitive Device Stability and Efficiency. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37196351 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The polymer additive strategy provides a facile and cost-effective way for passivating defects and trap sites at the grain boundaries and interfaces and acting as a barrier against the external degradation factors in perovskite-based devices. However, limited literature exists discussing the integration of hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymer additives in the form of a copolymer within the perovskite films. The inherent difference in the chemical structure of these polymers and their interaction with perovskite components and the environment leads to critical differences in the respective polymer-perovskite films. The current work utilizes both homopolymer and copolymer strategies to understand the effect of polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), two common commodity polymers, over the physicochemical and electro-optical properties of the as-fabricated devices and the distribution of polymer chains across the depth of perovskite films. The hydrophobic PS integrated perovskite devices PS-MAPbI3, 36 PS-b-1.4-PEG-MAPbI3, and 21.5 PS-b-20-PEG-MAPbI3 outperform hydrophilic PEG-MAPbI3 and pristine MAPbI3 devices and exhibit higher photocurrent, lower dark currents, and greater stability. A critical difference is also observed in the stability of devices, where rapid decay of performance is observed in the pristine MAPbI3 films. The deterioration in performance is highly limited for hydrophobic polymer-MAPbI3 films as they maintain 80% of their initial performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi Mathur
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Alexander Li
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Vivek Maheshwari
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Leonard AA, Diroll BT, Flanders NC, Panuganti S, Brumberg A, Kirschner MS, Cuthriell SA, Harvey SM, Watkins NE, Yu J, Wasielewski MR, Kanatzidis MG, Dichtel WR, Zhang X, Chen LX, Schaller RD. Light-Induced Transient Lattice Dynamics and Metastable Phase Transition in CH 3NH 3PbI 3 Nanocrystals. ACS Nano 2023; 17:5306-5315. [PMID: 36916650 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) offer desirable optoelectronic properties with prospective utility in photovoltaics, lasers, and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Structural rearrangements of MAPbI3 in response to photoexcitation, such as lattice distortions and phase transitions, are of particular interest, as these engender long carrier lifetime and bolster carrier diffusion. Here, we use variable temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) and synchrotron-based transient X-ray diffraction (TRXRD) to investigate lattice response following ultrafast optical excitation. MAPbI3 NCs are found to slowly undergo a phase transition from the tetragonal to a pseudocubic phase over the course of 1 ns under 0.02-4.18 mJ/cm2 fluence photoexcitation, with apparent nonthermal lattice distortions attributed to polaron formation. Lattice recovery exceeds time scales expected for both carrier recombination and thermal dissipation, indicating meta-stability likely due to the proximal phase transition, with symmetry-breaking along equatorial and axial directions. These findings are relevant for fundamental understanding and applications of structure-function properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel A Leonard
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Benjamin T Diroll
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Nathan C Flanders
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Shobhana Panuganti
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Alexandra Brumberg
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Matthew S Kirschner
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Shelby A Cuthriell
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Samantha M Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nicolas E Watkins
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jin Yu
- X-ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - William R Dichtel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- X-ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Lin X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Richard D Schaller
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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5
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Immanuel PN, Huang SJ, Danchuk V, Sedova A, Prilusky J, Goldreich A, Shalom H, Musin A, Yadgarov L. Improving the Stability of Halide Perovskite Solar Cells Using Nanoparticles of Tungsten Disulfide. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:4454. [PMID: 36558307 PMCID: PMC9784750 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Halide perovskites-based solar cells are drawing significant attention due to their high efficiency, versatility, and affordable processing. Hence, halide perovskite solar cells have great potential to be commercialized. However, the halide perovskites (HPs) are not stable in an ambient environment. Thus, the instability of the perovskite is an essential issue that needs to be addressed to allow its rapid commercialization. In this work, WS2 nanoparticles (NPs) are successfully implemented on methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) based halide perovskite solar cells. The main role of the WS2 NPs in the halide perovskite solar cells is as stabilizing agent. Here the WS2 NPs act as heat dissipater and charge transfer channels, thus allowing an effective charge separation. The electron extraction by the WS2 NPs from the adjacent MAPbI3 is efficient and results in a higher current density. In addition, the structural analysis of the MAPbI3 films indicates that the WS2 NPs act as nucleation sites, thus promoting the formation of larger grains of MAPbI3. Remarkably, the absorption and shelf life of the MAPbI3 layers have increased by 1.7 and 4.5-fold, respectively. Our results demonstrate a significant improvement in stability and solar cell characteristics. This paves the way for the long-term stabilization of HPs solar cells by the implementation of WS2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Nathaniel Immanuel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 4076414, Israel
| | - Song-Jeng Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Viktor Danchuk
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 4076414, Israel
| | - Anastasiya Sedova
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 4076414, Israel
| | - Johnathan Prilusky
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 4076414, Israel
| | - Achiad Goldreich
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 4076414, Israel
| | - Hila Shalom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 4076414, Israel
| | - Albina Musin
- Physics Department, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 4076414, Israel
| | - Lena Yadgarov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 4076414, Israel
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6
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Abstract
In methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3), a slow recombination process of photogenerated carriers has often been considered to be the most intriguing property of the material resulting in high-efficiency perovskite solar cells. In spite of intense research over a decade or so, a complete understanding of carrier recombination dynamics in MAPbI3has remained inconclusive. In this regard, several microscopic processes have been proposed so far in order to explain the slow recombination pathways (both radiative and non-radiative), such as the existence of shallow defects, a weak electron-phonon coupling, presence of ferroelectric domains, screening of band-edge charges through the formation of polarons, occurrence of the Rashba splitting in the band(s), and photon-recycling in the material. Based on the up-to-date findings, we have critically assessed each of these proposals/models to shed light on the origin of a slow recombination process in MAPbI3. In this review, we have presented the interplay between the mechanisms and our views/perspectives in determining the likely processes, which may dictate the recombination dynamics in the material. We have also deliberated on their interdependences in decoupling contributions of different recombination processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Maiti
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Amlan J Pal
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, India
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Mathur A, Fan H, Maheshwari V. Soft Polymer-Organolead Halide Perovskite Films for Highly Stretchable and Durable Photodetectors with Pt-Au Nanochain-Based Electrodes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:58956-58965. [PMID: 34851102 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The rigid and brittle nature of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) polycrystalline films limits their application in stretchable devices due to rapid deterioration in performance on cycling. By incorporation of polymer chains in the MAPbI3 films, a strategy to alter the mechanical modulus and the viscoelastic nature of the films has been developed. Combining this with flexible nanochain electrodes, highly stretchable and stable perovskite devices have been fabricated. The resultant polymer-MAPbI3 photodetector exhibits ultralow dark currents (∼10-11 A) and high light switching ratios (∼103) and maintains 75% of performance after 30 days. The viscoelastic nature and lower modulus of the polymer improve the energy dissipation in the polymer-MAPbI3 devices; as a result, they maintain 52% of the device performance after 10000 stretching cycles at 50% strain. The difference in the mechanical behavior is clearly observed in the failure mode of the two films. While rapid catastrophic cracking is observed in MAPbI3 films, the intensity and size of such crack formation are highly limited in polymer-MAPbI3 films, which prevent their failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi Mathur
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hua Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Vivek Maheshwari
- Department of Chemistry, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Lien SY, Wang CW, Chen WR, Liu CH, Kang CC, Huang CJ. The Influence of Oxygen Plasma on Methylammonium Lead Iodide (MAPbI 3) Film Doped with Lead Cesium Triiodide (CsPbI 3). Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175133. [PMID: 34500566 PMCID: PMC8434561 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the study of organic-inorganic halide perovskite as an optoelectronics material has been a significant line of research, and the power conversion efficiency of solar cells based on these materials has reached 25.5%. However, defects on the surface of the film are still a problem to be solved, and oxygen plasma is one of the ways to passivate surface defects. In order to avoid destroying the methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3), the influence of plasma powers on film was investigated and the cesium triiodide (CsPbI3) quantum dots (QDs) were doped into the film. In addition, it was found that oxygen plasma can enhance the mobility and carrier concentration of the MAPbI3 film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shui-Yang Lien
- School of Opto-Electronic and Communication Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China;
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Da-Yeh University, Dacun, Changhua 51591, Taiwan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Devices, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Chi-Wei Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung University Rd., Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Ray Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Formosa University, Wenhua Rd., Yunlin County 632301, Taiwan;
| | - Chuan-Hsi Liu
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Heping East Rd., Taipei 10610, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Chieh Kang
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Technology, Nan-Tai Street, Tainan 71105, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Jung Huang
- Department of Applied Physics, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung University Rd., Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-5919475; Fax: +886-7-5919357
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9
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Huang PH, Wang CW, Lien SY, Lee KW, Wang NF, Huang CJ. Investigation of the Stability of Methylammonium Lead Iodide (MAPbI 3) Film Doped with Lead Cesium Triiodide (CsPbI 3) Quantum Dots under an Oxygen Plasma Atmosphere. Molecules 2021; 26:2678. [PMID: 34063657 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we describe composited perovskite films based on the doping of lead cesium triiodide (CsPbI3) quantum dots (QDs) into methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3). CsPbI3 QDs and MAPbI3 were prepared by ligand-assisted re-precipitation and solution mixing, respectively. These films were optimized by oxygen plasma treatment, and the effect of powers from 0 to 80 W on the structural properties of the composited perovskite films is discussed. The experimental results showed that the light-harvesting ability of the films was enhanced at 20 W. The formation of the metastable state (lead(II) oxide and lead tetroxide) was demonstrated by peak differentiation-imitating. A low power enhanced the quality of the films due to the removal of organic impurities, whereas a high power caused surface damage in the films owing to the severe degradation of MAPbI3.
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10
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Christodoulides AD, Guo P, Dai L, Hoffman JM, Li X, Zuo X, Rosenmann D, Brumberg A, Kanatzidis MG, Schaller RD, Malen JA. Signatures of Coherent Phonon Transport in Ultralow Thermal Conductivity Two-Dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper Phase Perovskites. ACS Nano 2021; 15:4165-4172. [PMID: 33661603 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
An emerging class of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3)-based Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phase perovskites, BA2MAn-1PbnI3n+1 (n = 1-7), exhibit enhanced stability to environmental conditions relative to MAPbI3, yet still degrade at elevated temperatures. We experimentally determine the thermal conductivities of these layered RP phases for n = 1-6, where n defines the number of repeated perovskite octahedra per layer. We measure thermal conductivities of 0.37 ± 0.13/0.12, 0.17 ± 0.08/0.07, 0.21 ± 0.05/0.04, and 0.19 ± 0.04/0.03 W/m·K in thin films of n = 1-4 and 0.08 ± 0.06/0.04, 0.06 ± 0.04/0.03, 0.06 ± 0.03/0.03, and 0.08 ± 0.07/0.04 W/m·K in single crystals of n = 3-6. With the exception of n = 1, these thermal conductivities are lower than the range of 0.34-0.50 W/m·K reported for single-crystal MAPbI3. Reduced-order lattice dynamics modeling suggests that the initially decreasing trend of thermal conductivity in similarly oriented perovskites with increasing n may result from the transport properties of coherent phonons, emergent from the superstructure, that do not scatter at the interfaces of organic butylammonium chains and perovskite octahedra. Reduced group velocity of coherent phonons in n = 3-6, a consequence of band flattening in the phonon dispersion, is primarily responsible for their ultralow thermal conductivities. Similar effects on thermal conductivity have been experimentally demonstrated in deposited superlattices, but never in naturally defined materials such as RP phases. GIWAXS measurements reveal that higher n RP phase thin films are less orientationally controlled and therefore possess apparently elevated thermal conductivities relative to single crystals of the same n.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Christodoulides
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Peijun Guo
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 9 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Lingyun Dai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Justin M Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiaobing Zuo
- X-ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Daniel Rosenmann
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Alexandra Brumberg
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard D Schaller
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jonathan A Malen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department of Materials Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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11
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Guan W, Li Y, Zhong Q, Liu H, Chen J, Hu H, Lv K, Gong J, Xu Y, Kang Z, Cao M, Zhang Q. Fabricating MAPbI 3/MoS 2 Composites for Improved Photocatalytic Performance. Nano Lett 2021; 21:597-604. [PMID: 33258607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although lead halide perovskites are demonstrated to be promising photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution from hydrogen halide splitting, it still remains challenging to fabricate efficient and stable catalysts. Here MoS2 nanoflowers with abundant active sites are assembled with methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) microcrystals to form a new heterostructure. Its hydrogen evolution rate can reach up to about 30 000 μmol g-1 h-1, which is more than 1000-fold higher than pristine MAPbI3 under visible light irradiation (λ ≥ 420 nm). Importantly, the solar HI splitting efficiency reaches 7.35%, one of the highest efficiencies so far. The introduction of MoS2 with proper band alignment and unsaturated species can efficiently promote the charge separation and afford more active sites for H2 production. This finding not only provides a highly efficient and stable photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution but also offers a useful modification strategy on lead halide perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Guan
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qixuan Zhong
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyu Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianian Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Huicheng Hu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangxiao Lv
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Gong
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhui Kang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhan Cao
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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12
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Liu GZ, Du CS, Wu JY, Liu BT, Wu TM, Huang CF, Lee RH. Enhanced Photovoltaic Properties of Perovskite Solar Cells by Employing Bathocuproine/Hydrophobic Polymer Films as Hole-Blocking/Electron-Transporting Interfacial Layers. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 13:E42. [PMID: 33374344 PMCID: PMC7795380 DOI: 10.3390/polym13010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we improved the photovoltaic (PV) properties and storage stabilities of inverted perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) based on methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) by employing bathocuproine (BCP)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and BCP/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as hole-blocking and electron-transporting interfacial layers. The architecture of the PVSCs was indium tin oxide/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate/MAPbI3/[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester/BCP based interfacial layer/Ag. The presence of PMMA and PVP affected the morphological stability of the BCP and MAPbI3 layers. The storage-stability of the BCP/PMMA-based PVSCs was enhanced significantly relative to that of the corresponding unmodified BCP-based PVSC. Moreover, the PV performance of the BCP/PVP-based PVSCs was enhanced when compared with that of the unmodified BCP-based PVSC. Thus, incorporating hydrophobic polymers into BCP-based hole-blocking/electron-transporting interfacial layers can improve the PV performance and storage stability of PVSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Zhi Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (G.-Z.L.); (C.-S.D.); (J.-Y.W.); (C.-F.H.)
| | - Chi-Shiuan Du
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (G.-Z.L.); (C.-S.D.); (J.-Y.W.); (C.-F.H.)
| | - Jeng-Yue Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (G.-Z.L.); (C.-S.D.); (J.-Y.W.); (C.-F.H.)
| | - Bo-Tau Liu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Ming Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Feng Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (G.-Z.L.); (C.-S.D.); (J.-Y.W.); (C.-F.H.)
| | - Rong-Ho Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (G.-Z.L.); (C.-S.D.); (J.-Y.W.); (C.-F.H.)
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13
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Li J, Li H, Liu L, Yao H, Tian B, Su C, Zhong H, Wang Y, Zhang L, Shi Y. Post-Treatment of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 /PbI 2 Composite Films with Methylamine to Realize High-Performance Photoconductor Devices. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:2861-2868. [PMID: 31298787 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Organometallic halide perovskites have attracted great research interest as light-active materials for use in optoelectronics. Here, we report a high-performance photoconductor based on a methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3 ) film that was prepared from a methylamine-treated MAPbI3 /PbI2 perovskite film. An ultrahigh responsivity of 3.6 A W-1 and detectivity of 5.4×1012 Jones were obtained for the film under 0.5 mW cm-2 white-light illumination. In addition, under 420 nm light irradiation, the film exhibited its highest responsivity and detectivity of 30 A W-1 and 2.4×1014 Jones, respectively. The excellent photo-response performance results from the improved electronic quality and suppressed nonradiative recombination channels of the treated perovskite thin film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieni Li
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Henan Li
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Lai Liu
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.,Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Huizhen Yao
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.,Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Bingbing Tian
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Material Information Function Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Chenliang Su
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Material Information Function Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Haizhe Zhong
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Material Information Function Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Lifu Zhang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Material Information Function Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yumeng Shi
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Material Information Function Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
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14
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Sultana A, Ghosh SK, Alam MM, Sadhukhan P, Roy K, Xie M, Bowen CR, Sarkar S, Das S, Middya TR, Mandal D. Methylammonium Lead Iodide Incorporated Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Nanofibers for Flexible Piezoelectric-Pyroelectric Nanogenerator. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:27279-27287. [PMID: 31265242 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This work introduces a piezoelectric-pyroelectric nanogenerator (P-PNG) based on methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) incorporated electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofibers that are able to harvest mechanical and thermal energies. During the application of a periodic compressive contact force at a frequency of 4 Hz, an output voltage of ∼220 mV is generated. The P-PNG has a piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of ∼19.7 pC/N coupled with a high durability (60 000 cycles) and quick response time (∼1 ms). The maximum generated output power density (∼0.8 mW/m2) is sufficient to charge up a variety of capacitors, with the potential to replace an external power supply to drive portable devices. In addition, upon exposure to cyclic heating and cooling at a temperature of 38 K, a pyroelectric output current of 18.2 pA and a voltage of 41.78 mV were achieved. The fast response time of 1.14 s, reset time of 1.25 s, and pyroelectric coefficient of ∼44 pC/m2 K demonstrate a self-powered temperature sensing capability of the P-PNG. These characteristics make the P-PNG suitable for flexible piezoelectric-pyroelectric energy harvesting for self-powered electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mengying Xie
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Bath , Bath BA2 7AY , U.K
| | - Chris R Bowen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Bath , Bath BA2 7AY , U.K
| | | | | | | | - Dipankar Mandal
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) , Phase-10, Sector-64 , Mohali 160062 , India
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15
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Arakcheeva A, Svitlyk V, Polini E, Henry L, Chernyshov D, Sienkiewicz A, Giriat G, Glushkova A, Kollar M, Náfrádi B, Forro L, Horváth E. Pressure-induced transformation of CH 3NH 3PbI 3: the role of the noble-gas pressure transmitting media. Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater 2019; 75:361-370. [PMID: 32830658 PMCID: PMC6549221 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520619004554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The photovoltaic perovskite, methylammonium lead triiodide [CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3)], is one of the most efficient materials for solar energy conversion. Various kinds of chemical and physical modifications have been applied to MAPbI3 towards better understanding of the relation between composition, structure, electronic properties and energy conversion efficiency of this material. Pressure is a particularly useful tool, as it can substantially reduce the interatomic spacing in this relatively soft material and cause significant modifications to the electronic structure. Application of high pressure induces changes in the crystal symmetry up to a threshold level above which it leads to amorphization. Here, a detailed structural study of MAPbI3 at high hydrostatic pressures using Ne and Ar as pressure transmitting media is reported. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments with synchrotron radiation at room temperature in the 0-20 GPa pressure range show that atoms of both gaseous media, Ne and Ar, are gradually incorporated into MAPbI3, thus leading to marked structural changes of the material. Specifically, Ne stabilizes the high-pressure phase of NexMAPbI3 and prevents amorphization up to 20 GPa. After releasing the pressure, the crystal has the composition of Ne0.97MAPbI3, which remains stable under ambient conditions. In contrast, above 2.4 GPa, Ar accelerates an irreversible amorphization. The distinct impacts of Ne and Ar are attributed to differences in their chemical reactivity under pressure inside the restricted space between the PbI6 octahedra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Arakcheeva
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (SB IPHYS LPMC), PH D2 445 (Bâtiment PH), Station 3, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Volodymyr Svitlyk
- ID27 High Pressure Beamline, ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Cedex 9, Grenoble, 38043, France
| | - Eleonora Polini
- Department of Physics, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, Roma RM, 00185 Italy
| | - Laura Henry
- ID27 High Pressure Beamline, ESRF, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Cedex 9, Grenoble, 38043, France
| | | | - Andrzej Sienkiewicz
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (SB IPHYS LPMC), PH D2 445 (Bâtiment PH), Station 3, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
- ADSresonances SARL, Route de Genève 60B, Préverenges, CH-1028, Switzerland
| | - Gaétan Giriat
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (SB IPHYS LPMC), PH D2 445 (Bâtiment PH), Station 3, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Anastasiia Glushkova
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (SB IPHYS LPMC), PH D2 445 (Bâtiment PH), Station 3, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Marton Kollar
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (SB IPHYS LPMC), PH D2 445 (Bâtiment PH), Station 3, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Bálint Náfrádi
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (SB IPHYS LPMC), PH D2 445 (Bâtiment PH), Station 3, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Laszlo Forro
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (SB IPHYS LPMC), PH D2 445 (Bâtiment PH), Station 3, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Endre Horváth
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, School of Basic Sciences, Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (SB IPHYS LPMC), PH D2 445 (Bâtiment PH), Station 3, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
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16
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Sangwan VK, Zhu M, Clark S, Luck KA, Marks TJ, Kanatzidis MG, Hersam MC. Low-Frequency Carrier Kinetics in Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:14166-14174. [PMID: 30896169 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b03884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells have emerged as leading candidates for third-generation photovoltaic technology. Despite the rapid improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) for perovskite solar cells in recent years, the low-frequency carrier kinetics that underlie practical roadblocks such as hysteresis and degradation remain relatively poorly understood. In an effort to bridge this knowledge gap, we perform here correlated low-frequency noise (LFN) and impedance spectroscopy (IS) characterization that elucidates carrier kinetics in operating perovskite solar cells. Specifically, we focus on planar cell geometries with a SnO2 electron transport layer and two different hole transport layers-namely, poly(triarylamine) (PTAA) and spiro-OMeTAD. PTAA and spiro-OMeTAD cells with moderate PCEs of 5-12% possess a Lorentzian feature at ∼200 Hz in LFN measurements that corresponds to a crossover from electrode to dielectric polarization. In comparison, spiro-OMeTAD cells with high PCEs (>15%) show 4 orders of magnitude lower LFN amplitude and are accompanied by a cyclostationary process. Through a systematic study of more than a dozen solar cells, we establish a correlation with noise amplitude, PCE, and fill factor. Overall, this work establishes correlated LFN and IS as an effective methodology for quantifying low-frequency carrier kinetics in perovskite solar cells, thereby providing new physical insights that can rationally guide ongoing efforts to improve device performance, reproducibility, and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Menghua Zhu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) , Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) , Wuhan 430074 , China
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17
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Juarez-Perez EJ, Ono LK, Uriarte I, Cocinero EJ, Qi Y. Degradation Mechanism and Relative Stability of Methylammonium Halide Based Perovskites Analyzed on the Basis of Acid-Base Theory. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:12586-12593. [PMID: 30848116 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b02374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The correct identification of all gases released during hybrid perovskite degradation is of great significance to develop strategies to extend the lifespan of any device based on this semiconductor. CH3X (X = Br/I) is a released degradation gas/low boiling point liquid arising from methylammonium (MA+) based perovskites, which has been largely overlooked in the literature focusing on stability of perovskite solar cells. Herein, we present an unambiguous identification of CH3I release using microwave (rotational) spectroscopy. An experimental back-reaction test demonstrates that the well-known CH3NH2/HX degradation route may not be the ultimate degradation pathway of MAPbX3 in thermodynamic closed systems. Meanwhile, the CH3X/NH3 route cannot back-react selectively to MAX formation as occurred for the former back-reaction. Metadynamics calculations uncover the X halide effect on energy barriers for both degradation reactions showing a better stability of Br based perovskite ascribed to two aspects: (i) lower Brönsted-Lowry acidity of HBr compared to HI and (ii) higher nucleophilic character of CH3NH2 compared to NH3. The latter property makes CH3NH2 molecules stay preferentially attached on the electrophilic perovskite surface (Pb2+) during the dynamic simulation instead of being detached as observed for the NH3 molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio J Juarez-Perez
- Energy Materials and Surface Sciences Unit (EMSSU) , Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST) , 1919-1 Tancha , Onna-son , Okinawa 904-0495 , Japan
| | - Luis K Ono
- Energy Materials and Surface Sciences Unit (EMSSU) , Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST) , 1919-1 Tancha , Onna-son , Okinawa 904-0495 , Japan
| | - Iciar Uriarte
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología , Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) , Barrio Sarriena , 48940 Leioa , Spain
- Biofisika Institute (CSIC, UPV/EHU) , Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) , Apartado 644 , E-48080 Bilbao , Spain
| | - Emilio J Cocinero
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología , Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) , Barrio Sarriena , 48940 Leioa , Spain
- Biofisika Institute (CSIC, UPV/EHU) , Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) , Apartado 644 , E-48080 Bilbao , Spain
| | - Yabing Qi
- Energy Materials and Surface Sciences Unit (EMSSU) , Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST) , 1919-1 Tancha , Onna-son , Okinawa 904-0495 , Japan
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18
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Maddalena F, Chin XY, Cortecchia D, Bruno A, Soci C. Brightness Enhancement in Pulsed-Operated Perovskite Light-Emitting Transistors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:37316-37325. [PMID: 30277074 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite light-emitting field-effect transistors (PeLEFETs) provide a versatile device architecture to control transport and electroluminescence properties of hybrid perovskites, enabling injection of high charge carrier density and spatial control of the radiative recombination zone. Ionic screening and organic cation polarization effects typical of metal-halide perovskites, however, critically affect PeLEFET efficiency and reliability. In this work, we demonstrate a new device operation mode based on high-frequency modulation of the applied voltages, which allows significant reduction of ionic drift/screening in methylammonium lead iodide light-emitting transistors. In optimized top contact PeLEFETs, AC operation results in brighter and more uniform electroluminescence compared to DC-driven devices, whereas high-frequency modulation enables electroluminescence emission up to room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xin Yu Chin
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU , Nanyang Technological University , 637553 , Singapore
| | - Daniele Cortecchia
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU , Nanyang Technological University , 637553 , Singapore
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School , Nanyang Technological University , 639798 , Singapore
| | - Annalisa Bruno
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU , Nanyang Technological University , 637553 , Singapore
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19
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Li C, Guerrero A, Zhong Y, Gräser A, Luna CAM, Köhler J, Bisquert J, Hildner R, Huettner S. Real-Time Observation of Iodide Ion Migration in Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskites. Small 2017; 13. [PMID: 28945946 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201701711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic-inorganic metal halide perovskites (e.g., CH3 NH3 PbI3-x Clx ) emerge as a promising optoelectronic material. However, the Shockley-Queisser limit for the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite-based photovoltaic devices is still not reached. Nonradiative recombination pathways may play a significant role and appear as photoluminescence (PL) inactive (or dark) areas on perovskite films. Although these observations are related to the presence of ions/defects, the underlying fundamental physics and detailed microscopic processes, concerning trap/defect status, ion migration, etc., still remain poorly understood. Here correlated wide-field PL microscopy and impedance spectroscopy are utilized on perovskite films to in situ investigate both the spatial and the temporal evolution of these PL inactive areas under external electric fields. The formation of PL inactive domains is attributed to the migration and accumulation of iodide ions under external fields. Hence, we are able to characterize the kinetic processes and determine the drift velocities of these ions. In addition, it is shown that I2 vapor directly affects the PL quenching of a perovskite film, which provides evidence that the migration/segregation of iodide ions plays an important role in the PL quenching and consequently limits the PCE of organometal halide-based perovskite photovoltaic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- Organic and Hybrid Electronics, Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstr. 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Antonio Guerrero
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, 12006, Castellö, Spain
| | - Yu Zhong
- Organic and Hybrid Electronics, Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstr. 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Anna Gräser
- Organic and Hybrid Electronics, Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstr. 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Carlos Andres Melo Luna
- Experimental Physics IV and Bayreuth Institute of Macromolecular Research, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstr. 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
- Centre for Bioinformatics and Photonics - CIBioFi, Calle 13 No. 100-00, Edificio 320 No. 1069, 760032, Cali, Colombia
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidad del Valle, 760032, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jürgen Köhler
- Experimental Physics IV and Bayreuth Institute of Macromolecular Research, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstr. 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Juan Bisquert
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, 12006, Castellö, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Richard Hildner
- Experimental Physics IV and Bayreuth Institute of Macromolecular Research, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstr. 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sven Huettner
- Organic and Hybrid Electronics, Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, Universitätstr. 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
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20
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Poindexter JR, Hoye RLZ, Nienhaus L, Kurchin RC, Morishige AE, Looney EE, Osherov A, Correa-Baena JP, Lai B, Bulović V, Stevanović V, Bawendi MG, Buonassisi T. High Tolerance to Iron Contamination in Lead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Nano 2017; 11:7101-7109. [PMID: 28657723 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between charge-carrier lifetime and the tolerance of lead halide perovskite (LHP) solar cells to intrinsic point defects has drawn much attention by helping to explain rapid improvements in device efficiencies. However, little is known about how charge-carrier lifetime and solar cell performance in LHPs are affected by extrinsic defects (i.e., impurities), including those that are common in manufacturing environments and known to introduce deep levels in other semiconductors. Here, we evaluate the tolerance of LHP solar cells to iron introduced via intentional contamination of the feedstock and examine the root causes of the resulting efficiency losses. We find that comparable efficiency losses occur in LHPs at feedstock iron concentrations approximately 100 times higher than those in p-type silicon devices. Photoluminescence measurements correlate iron concentration with nonradiative recombination, which we attribute to the presence of deep-level iron interstitials, as calculated from first-principles, as well as iron-rich particles detected by synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy. At moderate contamination levels, we witness prominent recovery of device efficiencies to near-baseline values after biasing at 1.4 V for 60 s in the dark. We theorize that this temporary effect arises from improved charge-carrier collection enhanced by electric fields strengthened from ion migration toward interfaces. Our results demonstrate that extrinsic defect tolerance contributes to high efficiencies in LHP solar cells, which inspires further investigation into potential large-scale manufacturing cost savings as well as the degree of overlap between intrinsic and extrinsic defect tolerance in LHPs and "perovskite-inspired" lead-free stable alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy R Poindexter
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Robert L Z Hoye
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Lea Nienhaus
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rachel C Kurchin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ashley E Morishige
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Erin E Looney
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Anna Osherov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Juan-Pablo Correa-Baena
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Barry Lai
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Vladimir Bulović
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Vladan Stevanović
- Colorado School of Mines , 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory , 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Moungi G Bawendi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Tonio Buonassisi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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21
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Senocrate A, Moudrakovski I, Kim GY, Yang T, Gregori G, Grätzel M, Maier J. The Nature of Ion Conduction in Methylammonium Lead Iodide: A Multimethod Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:7755-7759. [PMID: 28558144 PMCID: PMC5502889 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201701724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
By applying a multitude of experimental techniques including 1 H, 14 N, 207 Pb NMR and 127 I NMR/NQR, tracer diffusion, reaction cell and doping experiments, as well as stoichiometric variation, conductivity, and polarization experiments, iodine ions are unambiguously shown to be the mobile species in CH3 NH3 PbI3 , with iodine vacancies shown to represent the mechanistic centers under equilibrium conditions. Pb2+ and CH3 NH3+ ions do not significantly contribute to the long range transport (upper limits for their contributions are given), whereby the latter exhibit substantial local motion. The decisive electronic contribution to the mixed conductivity in the experimental window stems from electron holes. As holes can be associated with iodine orbitals, local variations of the iodine stoichiometry may be fast and enable light effects on ion transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Senocrate
- Department of Physical Chemistry of SolidsMax Planck Institute for Solid State ResearchHeisenbergstr. 170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Igor Moudrakovski
- Department of Physical Chemistry of SolidsMax Planck Institute for Solid State ResearchHeisenbergstr. 170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Gee Yeong Kim
- Department of Physical Chemistry of SolidsMax Planck Institute for Solid State ResearchHeisenbergstr. 170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Tae‐Youl Yang
- Department of Physical Chemistry of SolidsMax Planck Institute for Solid State ResearchHeisenbergstr. 170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Giuliano Gregori
- Department of Physical Chemistry of SolidsMax Planck Institute for Solid State ResearchHeisenbergstr. 170569StuttgartGermany
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Department of Physical Chemistry of SolidsMax Planck Institute for Solid State ResearchHeisenbergstr. 170569StuttgartGermany
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSwiss Federal Institute of TechnologyStation 61015LausanneSwitzerland
| | - Joachim Maier
- Department of Physical Chemistry of SolidsMax Planck Institute for Solid State ResearchHeisenbergstr. 170569StuttgartGermany
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22
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Li C, Zhong Y, Luna CA, Unger T, Deichsel K, Gräser A, Köhler J, Köhler A, Hildner R, Huettner S. Emission Enhancement and Intermittency in Polycrystalline Organolead Halide Perovskite Films. Molecules 2016; 21:E1081. [PMID: 27548128 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic-organic halide organometal perovskites have demonstrated very promising performance for opto-electronic applications, such as solar cells, light-emitting diodes, lasers, single-photon sources, etc. However, the little knowledge on the underlying photophysics, especially on a microscopic scale, hampers the further improvement of devices based on this material. In this communication, correlated conventional photoluminescence (PL) characterization and wide-field PL imaging as a function of time are employed to investigate the spatially- and temporally-resolved PL in CH₃NH₃PbI3-xClx perovskite films. Along with a continuous increase of the PL intensity during light soaking, we also observe PL blinking or PL intermittency behavior in individual grains of these films. Combined with significant suppression of PL blinking in perovskite films coated with a phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) layer, it suggests that this PL intermittency is attributed to Auger recombination induced by photoionized defects/traps or mobile ions within grains. These defects/traps are detrimental for light conversion and can be effectively passivated by the PCBM layer. This finding paves the way to provide a guideline on the further improvement of perovskite opto-electronic devices.
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23
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Binek A, Petrus ML, Huber N, Bristow H, Hu Y, Bein T, Docampo P. Recycling Perovskite Solar Cells To Avoid Lead Waste. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:12881-12886. [PMID: 27149009 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite based solar cells have recently emerged as a serious competitor for large scale and low-cost photovoltaic technologies. However, since these solar cells contain toxic lead, a sustainable procedure for handling the cells after their operational lifetime is required to prevent exposure of the environment to lead and to comply with international electronic waste disposal regulations. Herein, we report a procedure to remove every layer of the solar cells separately, which gives the possibility to selectively isolate the different materials. Besides isolating the toxic lead iodide in high yield, we show that the PbI2 can be reused for the preparation of new solar cells with comparable performance and in this way avoid lead waste. Furthermore, we show that the most expensive part of the solar cell, the conductive glass (FTO), can be reused several times without any reduction in the performance of the devices. With our simple recycling procedure, we address both the risk of contamination and the waste disposal of perovskite based solar cells while further reducing the cost of the system. This brings perovskite solar cells one step closer to their introduction into commercial systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Binek
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU) , Butenandtstr. 5-13 (Haus E), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Michiel L Petrus
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU) , Butenandtstr. 5-13 (Haus E), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Niklas Huber
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU) , Butenandtstr. 5-13 (Haus E), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Helen Bristow
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU) , Butenandtstr. 5-13 (Haus E), 81377 Munich, Germany
- University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Yinghong Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU) , Butenandtstr. 5-13 (Haus E), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Bein
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU) , Butenandtstr. 5-13 (Haus E), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Pablo Docampo
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU) , Butenandtstr. 5-13 (Haus E), 81377 Munich, Germany
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24
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Adinolfi V, Yuan M, Comin R, Thibau ES, Shi D, Saidaminov MI, Kanjanaboos P, Kopilovic D, Hoogland S, Lu ZH, Bakr OM, Sargent EH. The In-Gap Electronic State Spectrum of Methylammonium Lead Iodide Single-Crystal Perovskites. Adv Mater 2016; 28:3406-10. [PMID: 26932458 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The density of trap states within the bandgap of methylammonium lead iodide single crystals is investigated. Defect states close to both the conduction and valence bands are probed. Additionally, a comprehensive electronic characterization of crystals is carried out, including measurements of the electron and hole mobility, and the energy landscape (band diagram) at the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Adinolfi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Mingjian Yuan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Riccardo Comin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Emmanuel S Thibau
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Dong Shi
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Solar and Photovoltaics Engineering Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Makhsud I Saidaminov
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Solar and Photovoltaics Engineering Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pongsakorn Kanjanaboos
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Damir Kopilovic
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Sjoerd Hoogland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Zheng-Hong Lu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Osman M Bakr
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Solar and Photovoltaics Engineering Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
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25
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Lavery BW, Kumari S, Konermann H, Draper GL, Spurgeon J, Druffel T. Intense Pulsed Light Sintering of CH3NH3PbI3 Solar Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:8419-8426. [PMID: 26943510 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells utilizing a two-step deposited CH3NH3PbI3 thin film were rapidly sintered using an intense pulsed light source. For the first time, a heat treatment has shown the capability of sintering methylammonium lead iodide perovskite and creating large crystal sizes approaching 1 μm without sacrificing surface coverage. Solar cells with an average efficiency of 11.5% and a champion device of 12.3% are reported. The methylammonium lead iodide perovskite was subjected to 2000 J of energy in a 2 ms pulse of light generated by a xenon lamp, resulting in temperatures significantly exceeding the degradation temperature of 150 °C. The process opens up new opportunities in the manufacturability of perovskite solar cells by eliminating the rate-limiting annealing step, and makes it possible to envision a continuous roll-to-roll process similar to the printing press used in the newspaper industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon W Lavery
- Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Sudesh Kumari
- Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Hannah Konermann
- Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Gabriel L Draper
- Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Joshua Spurgeon
- Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Thad Druffel
- Conn Center for Renewable Energy Research, ‡Department of Chemical Engineering, and §Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
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26
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Hill JC, Koza JA, Switzer JA. Electrodeposition of Epitaxial Lead Iodide and Conversion to Textured Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:26012-26016. [PMID: 26565593 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b07222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Applications for lead iodide, such as lasing, luminescence, radiation detection, and as a precursor for methylammonium lead iodide perovskite photovoltaic cells, require highly ordered crystalline thin films. Here, an electrochemical synthesis route is introduced that yields textured and epitaxial films of lead iodide at room temperature by reducing molecular iodine to iodide ions in the presence of lead ions. Lead iodide grows with a [0001] fiber texture on polycrystalline substrates such as fluorine-doped tin oxide. On single-crystal Au(100), Au(111), and Au(110) the out-of-plane orientation of lead iodide is also [0001], but the in-plane orientation is controlled by the single-crystal substrate. The epitaxial lead iodide on single-crystal gold is converted to textured methylammonium lead iodide perovskite with a preferred [110] orientation via methylammonium iodide vapor-assisted chemical transformation of the solid.
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Affiliation(s)
- James C Hill
- Department of Chemistry and Graduate Center for Materials Research, Missouri University of Science and Technology , Rolla, Missouri 65409-1170, United States
| | - Jakub A Koza
- Department of Chemistry and Graduate Center for Materials Research, Missouri University of Science and Technology , Rolla, Missouri 65409-1170, United States
| | - Jay A Switzer
- Department of Chemistry and Graduate Center for Materials Research, Missouri University of Science and Technology , Rolla, Missouri 65409-1170, United States
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27
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Gouda L, Gottesman R, Ginsburg A, Keller DA, Haltzi E, Hu J, Tirosh S, Anderson AY, Zaban A, Boix PP. Open circuit potential build-up in perovskite solar cells from dark conditions to 1 sun. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:4640-4645. [PMID: 26624787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The high open-circuit potential (Voc) achieved by perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is one of the keys to their success. The Voc analysis is essential to understand their working mechanisms. A large number of CH3NH3PbI3-xClx PSCs were fabricated on single large-area substrates and their Voc dependencies on illumination intensity, I0, were measured showing three distinctive regions. Similar results obtained in Al2O3 based PSCs relate the effect to the compact TiO2 rather than the mesoporous oxide. We propose that two working mechanisms control the Voc in PSCs. The rise of Voc at low I0 is determined by the employed semiconductor n-type contact (TiO2 or MgO coated TiO2). In contrast, at I0 close to AM1.5G, the employed oxide does not affect the achieved voltage. Thus, a change of regime from an oxide-dominated EFn (as in the dye sensitized solar cells) to an EFn, directly determined by the CH3NH3PbI3-xClx absorber is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxman Gouda
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
- Energy Research Institute @NTU, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, Singapore , 637553
| | - Ronen Gottesman
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
- Energy Research Institute @NTU, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, Singapore , 637553
| | - Adam Ginsburg
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
- Energy Research Institute @NTU, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, Singapore , 637553
| | - David A Keller
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
- Energy Research Institute @NTU, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, Singapore , 637553
| | - Eynav Haltzi
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
- Energy Research Institute @NTU, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, Singapore , 637553
| | - Jiangang Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
- Energy Research Institute @NTU, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, Singapore , 637553
| | - Shay Tirosh
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
- Energy Research Institute @NTU, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, Singapore , 637553
| | - Assaf Y Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
- Energy Research Institute @NTU, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, Singapore , 637553
| | - Arie Zaban
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
- Energy Research Institute @NTU, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, Singapore , 637553
| | - Pablo P Boix
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University , Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
- Energy Research Institute @NTU, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Drive, Research Techno Plaza, X-Frontier Block, Level 5, Singapore , 637553
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28
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Abstract
The instability of organometal halide perovskites when in contact with water is a serious challenge to their feasibility as solar cell materials. Although studies of moisture exposure have been conducted, an atomistic understanding of the degradation mechanism is required. Toward this goal, we study the interaction of water with the (001) surfaces of CH3NH3PbI3 under low and high water concentrations using density functional theory. We find that water adsorption is heavily influenced by the orientation of the methylammonium cations close to the surface. We demonstrate that, depending on methylammonium orientation, the water molecule can infiltrate into the hollow site of the surface and get trapped. Controlling dipole orientation via poling or interfacial engineering could thus enhance its moisture stability. No direct reaction between the water and methylammonium molecules is seen. Furthermore, calculations with an implicit solvation model indicate that a higher water concentration may facilitate degradation through increased lattice distortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Z Koocher
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Diomedes Saldana-Greco
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Fenggong Wang
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Shi Liu
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Andrew M Rappe
- The Makineni Theoretical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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29
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Spina M, Lehmann M, Náfrádi B, Bernard L, Bonvin E, Gaál R, Magrez A, Forró L, Horváth E. Microengineered CH3NH3PbI3 Nanowire/Graphene Phototransistor for Low-Intensity Light Detection at Room Temperature. Small 2015; 11:4824-4828. [PMID: 26172855 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201501257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Spina
- Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (LPMC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mario Lehmann
- Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (LPMC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bálint Náfrádi
- Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (LPMC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Bernard
- Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (LPMC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eric Bonvin
- Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (LPMC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Richard Gaál
- Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (LPMC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Magrez
- Crystal Growth Facility, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - László Forró
- Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (LPMC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Endre Horváth
- Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter (LPMC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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30
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Bakulin AA, Selig O, Bakker HJ, Rezus YLA, Müller C, Glaser T, Lovrincic R, Sun Z, Chen Z, Walsh A, Frost JM, Jansen TLC. Real-Time Observation of Organic Cation Reorientation in Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:3663-9. [PMID: 26722739 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of a mobile and polarized organic moiety as a cation in 3D lead-iodide perovskites brings fascinating optoelectronic properties to these materials. The extent and the time scales of the orientational mobility of the organic cation and the molecular mechanism behind its motion remain unclear, with different experimental and computational approaches providing very different qualitative and quantitative description of the molecular dynamics. Here we use ultrafast 2D vibrational spectroscopy of methylammonium (MA) lead iodide to directly resolve the rotation of the organic cations within the MAPbI3 lattice. Our results reveal two characteristic time constants of motion. Using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, we identify these as a fast (∼300 fs) "wobbling-in-a-cone" motion around the crystal axis and a relatively slow (∼3 ps) jump-like reorientation of the molecular dipole with respect to the iodide lattice. The observed dynamics are essential for understanding the electronic properties of perovskite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem A Bakulin
- FOM Institute AMOLF , Science Park 104, Amsterdam, 1098 XG, The Netherlands
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom
| | - Oleg Selig
- FOM Institute AMOLF , Science Park 104, Amsterdam, 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Huib J Bakker
- FOM Institute AMOLF , Science Park 104, Amsterdam, 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Yves L A Rezus
- FOM Institute AMOLF , Science Park 104, Amsterdam, 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Müller
- Institute for High-Frequency Technology, TU Braunschweig , Schleinitzstr. 22, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- InnovationLab GmbH , Speyerer Str. 4, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
- Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Glaser
- InnovationLab GmbH , Speyerer Str. 4, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
- Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics, Heidelberg University , Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Lovrincic
- Institute for High-Frequency Technology, TU Braunschweig , Schleinitzstr. 22, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- InnovationLab GmbH , Speyerer Str. 4, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhenhua Sun
- LPEM-UMR 8213, ESPCI-ParisTech/CNRS/Université Pierre et Marie Curie , 10 Rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Zhuoying Chen
- LPEM-UMR 8213, ESPCI-ParisTech/CNRS/Université Pierre et Marie Curie , 10 Rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Aron Walsh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Jarvist M Frost
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath , Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas L C Jansen
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen , Nijenbough 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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