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Sun R, Ye X, Tang J, Yang J, Scott N. The impact of the intensity of media use on potential tourists' risk perception and travel protective behavioral intentions in COVID-19. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1201481. [PMID: 37705952 PMCID: PMC10495595 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1201481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an increased need for potential travelers to gather information about their trips to mitigate perceived risks. This study aims to understand the relationship between the intensity of media use (both new and traditional), epidemic risk perception, and tourism protection behavior intention among potential tourists. Methods A total of 491 valid questionnaires were collected in Shanghai, China. Factor analysis, path analysis, and effect analysis were conducted using SPSS and AMOS to examine the impact of different media types on epidemic risk perception and tourism protection behavior. Results The findings indicate a positive association between new media use intensity and epidemic risk perception, as well as an intention to adopt safety-conscious tourism behaviors. In contrast, traditional media usage is inversely associated with risk perception but has no significant influence on protective behavior. The results also highlight the role of demographic factors, such as age, education level, occupation, and income, in modulating the relationship between media usage and risk perception. Discussion The contrasting effects of new and traditional media suggest the need for a tailored approach in epidemic communication strategies. Public health officials should leverage new media to enhance risk perception and safety-oriented behaviors, while recognizing the role of traditional media in managing lower risk perceptions and assuaging panic. The study emphasizes the importance of personalized messaging based on demographic disparities in media usage and perception. The mediating role of risk perception in shaping protective behaviors offers insights for promoting adherence to safety protocols. Conclusion This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of media influences during health crises, emphasizing the responsibility of media platforms in transmitting accurate information. The findings call for a nuanced approach to epidemic communication, considering the strengths and weaknesses of different media types. Segmented and personalized messaging strategies can cater to demographic variations in media usage and perception. Enhancing risk perception through tailored messaging can promote protective behaviors and effectively manage public sentiment during health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihong Sun
- Shanghai University of Engineering Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinliang Ye
- Shanghai University of Engineering Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Tang
- Shanghai University of Engineering Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiexi Yang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Noel Scott
- Sustainability Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Business and Law, Edith Cowan University, Edith Cowan, WA, Australia
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Hannoun A, Chafiq N, Raji M, Elkouali M, Razine R. Physicians' perception of health topics covered by traditional media in Morocco: opinion of physicians as consumers of the media. J Public Health Afr 2023; 14:2275. [PMID: 37441121 PMCID: PMC10334434 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2023.2275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In Morocco, the traditional media allows messages of non-scientific prescriptions for the treatment of diseases and statements criticizing doctors to pass, which are considered by doctors as defamation and attacks on the honor of the medical profession. The aim of this study was to analyze physicians' perception in Morocco regarding health topics in the traditional media (TM). Methods This is a descriptive transversal study of physicians practicing in Morocco. The data were collected using a questionnaire that included questions on reliability, speed, up-to-dateness and influence of TM, also trust and interest in TM, quantity, and quality of health messages in TM. Results A total of 417 physicians responded, among them 234 (56.1%) had little or no interest in health topics in TM; 248 (59.5%) considered the quantity of transmitted messages to be low; 234 (56.1%) considered that health messages in TM are of low quality; 248 (59.5%) had little or no trust in health topics in TM. Also, three-quarters, 314 (75.3%), of the physicians recognized a moderate to strong influence of TM on health behaviors. Conclusions Our results show that physicians have a perception that seems negative towards TM. This may partially explain the chronic tension situation between physicians and journalists/media in Morocco. To better understand this situation and improve this relationship in favor of health promotion, it is necessary to conduct a research addressing the opinion of journalists and the propositions of solutions of both parties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz Hannoun
- Laboratory of Information Sciences and Technologies and Education (LASTIE), Ben M'SICK Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II University of Casablanca
| | - Nadia Chafiq
- Laboratory of Information Sciences and Technologies and Education (LASTIE), Ben M'SICK Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II University of Casablanca
| | - Mohammed Raji
- Laboratory of Information Sciences and Technologies and Education (LASTIE), Ben M'SICK Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II University of Casablanca
| | - M’hamed Elkouali
- Laboratory of Information Sciences and Technologies and Education (LASTIE), Ben M'SICK Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II University of Casablanca
| | - Rachid Razine
- Laboratory of Social Medicine (Public Health, Hygiene and Preventive Medicine), Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical Research and Epidemiology (LBRCE), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
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Wang M, Wang C, Peng X. Texting in a crisis-using SMS for information and emotional support during COVID-19: A mixed methods research study. Front Sociol 2022; 7:1053970. [PMID: 36530452 PMCID: PMC9748284 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2022.1053970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the era of new media, short message service (SMS) is no longer seen as advantageous and it is no longer used very much by the Chinese public. However, as a traditional media, local governments managing public health crises used SMS as a way of meeting the public's need for emotional support during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study examined 108 SMS texts pushed to phones in Chongqing between January and December 2020, and carried out in-depth interviews with ten interviewees. This mixed research method of descriptive and grounded theory analysis was designed to investigate how SMS was used to communicate prevention guidelines and give emotional support during COVID-19. The results show that Chongqing Municipal Health and Health Commission gained the public's attention with SMS messages consisting of neutral, objective advice, and guidance to reduce people's anxiety and panic. However, with the stabilization of COVID-19, SMS has once again been discarded by users, including the public health sector. The study found that the emotional support offered by SMS was limited to the elderly, a subset of the population considered to be weak users of the internet. SMS has been replaced by other technologies, but along with other media, such as official media and social media, it has shaped the media communication environment and served as an emotional support channel for the public. Undoubtedly,the use of SMS during COVID-19 presents a research opportunity for exploring its capacity for prevention, control and emotional support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Wang
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Changzheng Wang
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaobing Peng
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Yin JDC. Media Data and Vaccine Hesitancy: Scoping Review. JMIR Infodemiology 2022; 2:e37300. [PMID: 37113443 PMCID: PMC9987198 DOI: 10.2196/37300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Media studies are important for vaccine hesitancy research, as they analyze how the media shapes risk perceptions and vaccine uptake. Despite the growth in studies in this field owing to advances in computing and language processing and an expanding social media landscape, no study has consolidated the methodological approaches used to study vaccine hesitancy. Synthesizing this information can better structure and set a precedent for this growing subfield of digital epidemiology. Objective This review aimed to identify and illustrate the media platforms and methods used to study vaccine hesitancy and how they build or contribute to the study of the media's influence on vaccine hesitancy and public health. Methods This study followed the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. A search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus for any studies that used media data (social media or traditional media), had an outcome related to vaccine sentiment (opinion, uptake, hesitancy, acceptance, or stance), were written in English, and were published after 2010. Studies were screened by only 1 reviewer and extracted for media platform, analysis method, the theoretical models used, and outcomes. Results In total, 125 studies were included, of which 71 (56.8%) used traditional research methods and 54 (43.2%) used computational methods. Of the traditional methods, most used content analysis (43/71, 61%) and sentiment analysis (21/71, 30%) to analyze the texts. The most common platforms were newspapers, print media, and web-based news. The computational methods mostly used sentiment analysis (31/54, 57%), topic modeling (18/54, 33%), and network analysis (17/54, 31%). Fewer studies used projections (2/54, 4%) and feature extraction (1/54, 2%). The most common platforms were Twitter and Facebook. Theoretically, most studies were weak. The following five major categories of studies arose: antivaccination themes centered on the distrust of institutions, civil liberties, misinformation, conspiracy theories, and vaccine-specific concerns; provaccination themes centered on ensuring vaccine safety using scientific literature; framing being important and health professionals and personal stories having the largest impact on shaping vaccine opinion; the coverage of vaccination-related data mostly identifying negative vaccine content and revealing deeply fractured vaccine communities and echo chambers; and the public reacting to and focusing on certain signals-in particular cases, deaths, and scandals-which suggests a more volatile period for the spread of information. Conclusions The heterogeneity in the use of media to study vaccines can be better consolidated through theoretical grounding. Areas of suggested research include understanding how trust in institutions is associated with vaccine uptake, how misinformation and information signaling influence vaccine uptake, and the evaluation of government communications on vaccine rollouts and vaccine-related events. The review ends with a statement that media data analyses, though groundbreaking in approach, should supplement-not supplant-current practices in public health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Dean-Chen Yin
- School of Public Health Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China (Hong Kong)
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5
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Bragg M, Lutfeali S, Greene T, Osterman J, Dalton M. How Food Marketing on Instagram Shapes Adolescents' Food Preferences: Online Randomized Trial. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e28689. [PMID: 34677136 PMCID: PMC8571690 DOI: 10.2196/28689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Worldwide obesity rates have prompted 16 countries to enact policies to reduce children’s exposure to unhealthy food marketing, but few policies address online advertising practices or protect adolescents from being targeted. Given adolescents spend so much time online, it is critical to understand how persuasive Instagram food advertisements (ads) are compared with traditional food ads. To strengthen online food marketing policies, more evidence is needed on whether social media ads are more persuasive than other types of ads in shaping adolescents’ preferences. Objective This study examined whether adolescents could identify food companies’ Instagram posts as ads, and the extent to which Instagram versus traditional food ads shape adolescents’ preferences. Methods In Part 1, participants aged 13-17 years (N=832) viewed 8 pairs of ads and were asked to identify which ads originated from Instagram. One ad in each pair was selected from traditional sources (eg, print; online banner ad), and the other ad was selected from Instagram, but we removed the Instagram frame—which includes the logo, comments, and “likes.” In Part 2, participants were randomized to rate food ads that ostensibly originated from (1) Instagram (ie, we photoshopped the Instagram frame onto ads); or (2) traditional sources. Unbeknownst to participants, half of the ads in their condition originated from Instagram and half originated from traditional sources. Results In Part 1, adolescents performed worse than chance when asked to identify Instagram ads (P<.001). In Part 2, there were no differences on 4 of 5 outcomes in the “labeled ad condition.” In the “unlabeled ad condition,” however, they preferred Instagram ads to traditional ads on 3 of 5 outcomes (ie, trendiness, P=.001; artistic appeal, P=.001; likeability, P=.001). Conclusions Adolescents incorrectly identified traditional ads as Instagram posts, suggesting the artistic appearance of social media ads may not be perceived as marketing. Further, the mere presence of Instagram features caused adolescents to rate food ads more positively than ads without Instagram features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Bragg
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Samina Lutfeali
- Stanford Graduate School of Business, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Tenay Greene
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Jessica Osterman
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Madeline Dalton
- Department of Pediatrics, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, United States
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6
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Binder A, Noetzel S, Spielvogel I, Matthes J. "Context, Please?" The Effects of Appearance- and Health-Frames and Media Context on Body-Related Outcomes. Front Public Health 2021; 9:637354. [PMID: 34395354 PMCID: PMC8362666 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.637354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoting health-related behaviors such as healthy eating or doing sports are important to counteract the problem of obesity, which is on the rise. In this regard, initial studies suggest that appearance compared to health framing can lead to negative body-related outcomes in young women. This study aimed to extend these findings by investigating the role of the context. Furthermore, as previous studies focused on young women only, we considered a more diverse sample. This seems especially important as health campaigns focusing on healthy eating and sports should appeal to a more diverse population. This experimental study (N = 286) follows a 2 (appearance frame vs. health frame) × 2 (social media vs. magazine website) between-subjects design. Results revealed that exposure to appearance-focused framing led to a lower positive mood compared with exposure to health-focused framing. These effects were most prevalent in overweight and obese participants. Moreover, participants in the social media condition showed lower body satisfaction and lower positive mood compared with participants in the magazine website condition independent of the frame. No other interaction effects occured. Overall, health promoters should focus their campaigns on the health aspects of health-related behaviors and should consider promotion on social media platforms. Also, they should keep in mind that not only the framing, but also the context, might have effects on body-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Binder
- Department of Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Selina Noetzel
- Department of Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ines Spielvogel
- Department of Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jörg Matthes
- Department of Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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7
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Ren W, Zhu X, Hu Y. Differential effects of traditional and social media use on COVID-19 preventive behaviors: The mediating role of risk and efficacy perceptions. J Health Psychol 2021; 27:1861-1874. [PMID: 33909510 DOI: 10.1177/13591053211003125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The study explored how traditional and social media use produced various cognitive responses toward COVID-19, including perceived severity, susceptibility, and efficacy, and direct and indirect facilitation of COVID-19 preventive behaviors. We tested the hypotheses on data collected from 433 university students in Wuhan, China, using structural equation modeling. We found that traditional media enhanced engagement for preventive behaviors both directly and indirectly by enhancing perceived severity and efficacy, whereas social media showed no impact on preventive behaviors, either directly or indirectly. Furthermore, the direct effect of traditional media on preventive behaviors was markedly stronger than the indirect effect through perceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ren
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | | | - Yi Hu
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
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8
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Han R, Cheng Y. The Influence of Norm Perception on Pro-Environmental Behavior: A Comparison between the Moderating Roles of Traditional Media and Social Media. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E7164. [PMID: 33007908 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The activation of norm perception can promote pro-environmental behavior. How does media, as important variables in activating norm perception, affect pro-environmental behavior? Through an online survey of 550 randomly selected Chinese citizens, this study examines the roles of traditional media and social media in influencing the relationship between norm perception and pro-environmental behavior. Based on multi-level regression analysis of data, this study found that (1) compared with traditional media, social media play a more significant role in moderating the relationship between norm perception and pro-environmental behavior; (2) the promotion of the perception of injunctive norms by traditional media has a negative relationship with pro-environmental behaviors; (3) the activation of subjective norm perception by social media will promote pro-environmental behaviors. According to this research, in the current media environment, we should carefully release pro-environmental information on social media and encourage relevant discussions, and appropriately reduce environment-relevant injunctive normative information on traditional media. The study also discusses the role of media in regulating norm perception and pro-environmental behavior in different cultural contexts.
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9
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Han R, Xu J. A Comparative Study of the Role of Interpersonal Communication, Traditional Media and Social Media in Pro-Environmental Behavior: A China-Based Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17061883. [PMID: 32183217 PMCID: PMC7142584 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17061883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have confirmed that information exposure affects pro-environmental behavior. With the rise of social media, new questions emerge in terms of whether different types of information exposure affect pro-environmental behavior differently. Based on a survey of 550 people that was carried out in China, this study aims to compare the different roles of interpersonal communication, traditional media, and social media in affecting the relationships between people’s environmental risk perception, willingness to contribute to the environment, environmental knowledge, environmental concerns, and pro-environmental behavior. Our research discovered that: (1) traditional media has almost no effect on pro-environmental behavior; (2) interpersonal communication can affect pro-environmental behavior through significantly affecting environmental risk perception; (3) social media affects pro-environmental behavior mainly by strengthening the effects of interpersonal communication. The research reveals that while different types of information exposure affect pro-environmental behavior differently, interpersonal communication plays a central role. Concerning the mutual influence between social media and interpersonal communication, we propose that we could promote pro-environmental behavior by activating social media communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Han
- School of Media and Communication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China;
- Institute of Cultural Innovation and Youth Development, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jian Xu
- School of Media and Communication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China;
- Institute of Cultural Innovation and Youth Development, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan RD, Minhang District, Shanghai 200240, China
- China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan RD, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200052, China
- Correspondence:
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10
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Seo M. Amplifying Panic and Facilitating Prevention: Multifaceted Effects of Traditional and Social Media Use During the 2015 MERS Crisis in South Korea. Journal Mass Commun Q 2019. [PMCID: PMC7206556 DOI: 10.1177/1077699019857693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In the context of the 2015 Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreak in South Korea, this study examines the multifaceted effects of media use considering the current complex media environment. Analysis of a two-wave online panel survey found that traditional media use had a positive influence on MERS knowledge while social media use did not. However, knowledge did not facilitate preventive behaviors. In contrast, negative emotional responses due to media use stimulated desirable behaviors. Furthermore, social media use directly influenced behavioral responses but traditional media use did not show the same effects. Different functions of traditional and social media during an epidemic are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihye Seo
- Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
- Mihye Seo, Department of Media and Communication, Sungkyunkwan University, 40417 Faculty Hall, 25-2 Sungkyunkwan-ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-745, South Korea.
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11
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Abstract
Social media and new media are becoming increasingly important in the lives of preteens and teens. This article reviews what is currently known about positive and negative effects of social media, social networking, and internet use and what safety measures should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Hogan
- 1 University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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12
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Vyncke B, Perko T, Van Gorp B. Information Sources as Explanatory Variables for the Belgian Health-Related Risk Perception of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident. Risk Anal 2017; 37:570-582. [PMID: 27322693 DOI: 10.1111/risa.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The media play an important role in risk communication, providing information about accidents, both nearby and far away. Each media source has its own presentation style, which could influence how the audience perceives the presented risk. This study investigates the explanatory power of 12 information sources (traditional media, new media, social media, and interpersonal communication) for the perceived risk posed by radiation released from the damaged Fukushima nuclear power plant on respondents' own health and that of the population in general. The analysis controlled for attitude toward nuclear energy, gender, education, satisfaction with the media coverage, and duration of attention paid to the coverage. The study uses a large empirical data set from a public opinion survey, which is representative for the Belgian population with respect to six sociodemographic variables. Results show that three information sources are significant regressors of perceived health-related risk of the nuclear accident: television, interpersonal communication, and the category of miscellaneous online sources. More favorable attitudes toward nuclear power, longer attention to the coverage, and higher satisfaction with the provided information lead to lower risk perception. Taken together, the results suggest that the media can indeed have a modest influence on how the audience perceives a risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Vyncke
- KU Leuven, Institute for Media Studies, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tanja Perko
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre SCK•CEN, Society and Policy Support, Mol, Belgium
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13
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White V, Faulkner A, Coomber K, Azar D, Room R, Livingston M, Chikritzhs T, Wakefield M. How has alcohol advertising in traditional and online media in Australia changed? Trends in advertising expenditure 1997-2011. Drug Alcohol Rev 2015; 34:521-530. [PMID: 26094657 DOI: 10.1111/dar.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS The aim of this study was to determine changes in advertising expenditures across eight media channels for the four main alcohol beverage types and alcohol retailers in Australia. DESIGN AND METHODS Yearly advertising expenditures between January 1997 and December 2011 obtained from a leading media-monitoring company. Media channels assessed were: free-to-air television, newspapers, magazines, radio, outdoors (billboards), cinema, direct mail (from 2005) and online (from 2008). Data were categorised into alcohol retailers (e.g. supermarkets, off-licences) or four alcoholic beverage types (beer, wine, spirits, premixed spirits/cider). Regression analyses examined associations between year and expenditure. RESULTS Total alcohol advertising expenditure peaked in 2007, then declined to 2011 (P = 0.02). Television advertising expenditure declined between 2000 and 2011 (P < 0.001), while outdoor advertising expenditure increased between 1997 and 2007. Alcohol retailers' advertising expenditure increased over time (P < 0.001), and from the mid-2000s exceeded expenditure for any single beverage category. For both beer and spirits, television advertising expenditure declined over time (beer: P < 0.001; spirits: P < 0.001) while outdoor advertising expenditure increased (beer: P < 0.001; spirits: P = 0.02). However, the number of advertised beer (P < 0.001), spirits (P < 0.001) and wine (P = 0.01) products increased over time. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Retailers are playing an increasing role in advertising alcohol. As our study excluded non-traditional advertising media (e.g. sponsorships, in-store) we cannot determine whether declines in television advertising have been offset by increases in advertising in newer media channels. However, our findings that media channels used for alcohol advertising have changed over time highlights the need for adequate controls on alcohol advertising in all media channels. [White V, Faulkner A, Coomber K, Azar D, Room R, Livingston M, Chikritzhs T, Wakefield M. How has alcohol advertising in traditional and online media in Australia changed? Trends in advertising expenditure 1997-2011. Drug Alcohol Rev 2015]2015;34:521-530.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria White
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Agatha Faulkner
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kerri Coomber
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Denise Azar
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robin Room
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Health and Society, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael Livingston
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Health and Society, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tanya Chikritzhs
- Curtin University of Technology, National Drug Research Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Melanie Wakefield
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
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14
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Shan L, Regan A, De Brún A, Barnett J, van der Sanden MCA, Wall P, McConnon A. Food crisis coverage by social and traditional media: A case study of the 2008 Irish dioxin crisis. Public Underst Sci 2014; 23:911-928. [PMID: 23825281 DOI: 10.1177/0963662512472315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The world of communication has changed significantly in the last decade as a result of the evolution of social media. Food crisis managers and communicators should be cognizant of the messages presented to the public by all media channels during a crisis. Using the 2008 Irish dioxin contamination incident as an example, a quantitative content analysis was carried out to investigate the relationship between social and traditional media. Messages published in printed newspapers (n = 141), blogs and forums (n = 107), and Twitter (n = 68) were analysed to investigate sourcing practice, story topic and use of tone. Results revealed that traditional media relied on diverse offline sources in reporting a wide range of topics. In comparison, social media responded faster and diminished faster, using offline and online media news messages as the primary sources in reporting very limited topics. No significant difference was found in the presence of negative tone across media.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aoife De Brún
- University College Dublin, Ireland; University College Cork, Ireland
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Pfefferbaum B, Newman E, Nelson SD, Nitiéma P, Pfefferbaum RL, Rahman A. Disaster media coverage and psychological outcomes: descriptive findings in the extant research. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2014; 16:464. [PMID: 25064691 PMCID: PMC4144190 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-014-0464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This review of the literature on disaster media coverage describes the events, samples, and forms of media coverage (television, newspapers, radio, internet) studied and examines the association between media consumption and psychological outcomes. A total of 36 studies representing both man-made and natural events met criteria for review in this analysis. Most studies examined disaster television viewing in the context of terrorism and explored a range of outcomes including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) caseness and posttraumatic stress (PTS), depression, anxiety, stress reactions, and substance use. There is good evidence establishing a relationship between disaster television viewing and various psychological outcomes, especially PTSD caseness and PTS, but studies are too few to draw definitive conclusions about the other forms of media coverage that have been examined. As media technology continues to advance, future research is needed to investigate these additional media forms especially newer forms such as social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Pfefferbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, P.O. Box 26901 - WP3217, Oklahoma City, OK, 73126, USA,
| | - Elana Newman
- Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa Institute of Trauma, Adversity, and Injustice, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK 74103, (918) 631-2836; (918) 631-2833 (fax)
| | - Summer D. Nelson
- Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa Institute of Trauma, Adversity, and Injustice, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 800 South Tucker Drive, Tulsa, OK 74103, (918) 631-2836; (918) 631-2833 (fax)
| | - Pascal Nitiéma
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, and Terrorism and Disaster Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, P.O. Box 26901 – WP3214, Oklahoma City, OK 73126, (405) 271-5251; (405) 271-2601 (fax)
| | - Rose L. Pfefferbaum
- Terrorism and Disaster Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, and Department of Liberal Arts, Phoenix Community College (Faculty Emeritus), Phoenix, AZ, 2329 NW 154 St., Edmond, OK 73013, (405) 330-1616; (405) 330-1616 (fax)
| | - Ambreen Rahman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, and Terrorism and Disaster Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, P.O. Box 26901 – WP3445, Oklahoma City, OK 73126, (405) 271-4488; 405 271-7724 (fax)
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