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Vassilaki M, Pittock RR, Aakre JA, Castillo AM, Ramanan VK, Kremers WK, Jack CR, Vemuri P, Lowe VJ, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Graff-Radford J. Author Response: Eligibility for Anti-Amyloid Treatment in a Population-Based Study of Cognitive Aging. Neurology 2024; 102:e209377. [PMID: 38648608 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
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Lewis A, Galetta S. Editors' Note: Eligibility for Anti-Amyloid Treatment in a Population-Based Study of Cognitive Aging. Neurology 2024; 102:e209376. [PMID: 38648565 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
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Lee S, Nelson ME, Hamada F, Wallace ML, Andel R, Buxton OM, Almeida DM, Lyketsos C, Small BJ. Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Aging Among Cognitively Impaired Versus Unimpaired Older Adults. Gerontologist 2024; 64:gnad152. [PMID: 37944004 PMCID: PMC11020207 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnad152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Sleep disorders often predict or co-occur with cognitive decline. Yet, little is known about how the relationship unfolds among older adults at risk for cognitive decline. To examine the associations of sleep disorders with cognitive decline in older adults with unimpaired cognition or impaired cognition (mild cognitive impairment and dementia). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 5,822 participants (Mage = 70) of the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center database with unimpaired or impaired cognition were followed for 3 subsequent waves. Four types of clinician-diagnosed sleep disorders were reported: sleep apnea, hyposomnia/insomnia, REM sleep behavior disorder, or "other." Cognition over time was measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) or an estimate of general cognitive ability (GCA) derived from scores based on 12 neuropsychological tests. Growth curve models were estimated adjusting for covariates. RESULTS In participants with impaired cognition, baseline sleep apnea was related to better baseline MoCA performance (b = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = [0.07, 1.23]) and less decline in GCA over time (b = 0.06, 95% CI = [0.001, 0.12]). Baseline insomnia was related to better baseline MoCA (b = 1.54, 95% CI = [0.88, 2.21]) and less decline in MoCA over time (b = 0.56, 95% CI = [0.20, 0.92]). Furthermore, having more sleep disorders (across the 4 types) at baseline predicted better baseline MoCA and GCA, and less decline in MoCA and GCA over time. These results were only found in those with impaired cognition and generally consistent when using self-reported symptoms of sleep apnea or insomnia. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Participants with sleep disorder diagnoses may have better access to healthcare, which may help maintain cognition through improved sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soomi Lee
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Monica E Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Fumiko Hamada
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Meredith L Wallace
- Department of Psychiatry, Statistics, and Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ross Andel
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Neurology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Orfeu M Buxton
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David M Almeida
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Constantine Lyketsos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Brent J Small
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Reuter-Lorenz PA, Park DC. Cognitive aging and the life course: A new look at the Scaffolding theory. Curr Opin Psychol 2024; 56:101781. [PMID: 38278087 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Our understanding of human neurocognitive aging, its developmental roots, and life course influences has been transformed by brain imaging technologies, increasing availability of longitudinal data sets, and analytic advances. The Scaffolding Theory of Aging and Cognition is a life course model, proposed originally in 2009, featuring adaptivity and compensatory potential as lifelong mechanisms for meeting neurocognitive challenges posed by the environment and by developing or declining brain circuitry. Here, we review the scaffolding theory in relation to new evidence addressing when during the life course potentially enriching and depleting factors exert their effects on brain health and scaffolding, and we consider the implications for separable, and potentially reciprocal, influences on the level of cognitive function and the rate of decline in later life.
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Loaiza VM. An overview of the hallmarks of cognitive aging. Curr Opin Psychol 2024; 56:101784. [PMID: 38198908 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Although the notion of cognitive aging is commonly associated with decline in popular culture, a wealth of scientific literature shows that cognitive aging is more aptly characterized as multidirectional, such that trajectories of cognitive changes include areas of stability and growth (e.g., general knowledge) in addition to decline (e.g., episodic long-term memory). This article overviews these multidirectional trajectories, the heterogeneous factors that moderate the rate of change across individual trajectories, and the extensive literature that has investigated the most important factors, such as working memory, that constrain cognition across the adult lifespan. In light of the multidirectional nature of cognitive change, increasing research has considered methods to leverage the often-overlooked benefits of getting older to ameliorate cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa M Loaiza
- University of Sheffield, Department of Psychology, 219 Portobello, Sheffield, S1 4DP, United Kingdom.
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Chakraborty R, Kobayashi LC, Jock J, Wing C, Chen X, Phillips M, Berkman L, Kahn K, Kabudula CW, Rosenberg M. Child support grant expansion and cognitive function among women in rural South Africa: Findings from a natural experiment in the HAALSI cohort. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297673. [PMID: 38446751 PMCID: PMC10917272 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cash transfers are a promising but understudied intervention that may protect cognitive function in adults. Although South Africa has a rapidly ageing population, little is known about the nature of association between cash transfers and cognitive function in this setting. OBJECTIVES We leveraged age-eligibility expansions to South Africa's Child Support Grant (CSG) to investigate the association between duration of CSG eligibility and cognitive function of biological mothers of child beneficiaries in South Africa. METHODS We analysed 2014/2015 baseline data from 944 women, aged 40-59 years with at least one CSG-eligible child, enrolled in the population-representative HAALSI cohort in Agincourt, South Africa. Duration of CSG eligibility for each mother was calculated based on the birth dates of all their children and the CSG age-eligibility expansion years (2003-2012). Cognitive function was measured using a cognitive battery administered at the HAALSI baseline interview. Linear regression was used to estimate the association between duration of CSG eligibility, dichotomized as low (≤10 years) and high (>10 years) eligibility, and cognitive function z-scores of the mothers. RESULTS High vs. low duration of CSG eligibility, was associated with higher cognitive function z-scores in the full sample [β: 0.15 SD units; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.26; p-value = 0.01]. In mothers with one to four lifetime children, but not five or more, high vs. low duration of CSG eligibility, was associated with higher cognitive function z-scores [β: 0.19 SD units; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.34, p-value = 0.02]. CONCLUSION Government cash transfers given to support raising children may confer substantial protective effects on the subsequent cognitive function of mothers. Further studies are needed to understand how parity may influence this relationship. Our findings bring evidence to policymakers for designing income supplementation programmes to promote healthy cognitive ageing in low-income settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Chakraborty
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Lindsay C. Kobayashi
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Janet Jock
- O’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Coady Wing
- O’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Xiwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Meredith Phillips
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Lisa Berkman
- Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Kahn
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Chodziwadziwa Whiteson Kabudula
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Molly Rosenberg
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Rubinstein T, Brickman AM, Cheng B, Burkett S, Park H, Annavajhala MK, Uhlemann A, Andrews H, Gutierrez J, Paster BJ, Noble JM, Papapanou PN. Periodontitis and brain magnetic resonance imaging markers of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive aging. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:2191-2208. [PMID: 38278517 PMCID: PMC10984451 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We examined the association of clinical, microbiological, and host response features of periodontitis with MRI markers of atrophy/cerebrovascular disease in the Washington Heights Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP) Ancillary Study of Oral Health. METHODS We analyzed 468 participants with clinical periodontal data, microbial plaque and serum samples, and brain MRIs. We tested the association of periodontitis features with MRI features, after adjusting for multiple risk factors for Alzheimer's disease/Alzheimer's disease-related dementia (AD/ADRD). RESULTS In fully adjusted models, having more teeth was associated with lower odds for infarcts, lower white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume, higher entorhinal cortex volume, and higher cortical thickness. Higher extent of periodontitis was associated with lower entorhinal cortex volume and lower cortical thickness. Differential associations emerged between colonization by specific bacteria/serum antibacterial IgG responses and MRI outcomes. DISCUSSION In an elderly cohort, clinical, microbiological, and serological features of periodontitis were associated with MRI findings related to ADRD risk. Further investigation of causal associations is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Rubinstein
- Division of PeriodonticsSection of OralDiagnostic and Rehabilitation SciencesCollege of Dental MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Adam M. Brickman
- Department of NeurologyVagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain and Gertrude H. Sergievsky CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Bin Cheng
- Department of BiostatisticsMailman School of Public HealthNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Sandra Burkett
- Division of PeriodonticsSection of OralDiagnostic and Rehabilitation SciencesCollege of Dental MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Heekuk Park
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineVagelos College of Physicians and, Surgeons, Irving Medical CenterColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Medini K. Annavajhala
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineVagelos College of Physicians and, Surgeons, Irving Medical CenterColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Anne‐Catrin Uhlemann
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of MedicineVagelos College of Physicians and, Surgeons, Irving Medical CenterColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Howard Andrews
- Department of BiostatisticsMailman School of Public HealthNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Jose Gutierrez
- Department of NeurologyVagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Bruce J. Paster
- The Forsyth InstituteCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and ImmunityHarvard School of Dental MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - James M. Noble
- Department of NeurologyVagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain and Gertrude H. Sergievsky CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Panos N. Papapanou
- Division of PeriodonticsSection of OralDiagnostic and Rehabilitation SciencesCollege of Dental MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
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Zuelsdorff M, Sonnega A, Barnes LL, Byrd DR, Rose DK, Cox R, Norton D, Turner RW. Childhood and Adulthood Trauma Associate With Cognitive Aging Among Black and White Older Adults. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2024; 32:373-385. [PMID: 38288940 PMCID: PMC10922107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2023.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Sociocontextual factors powerfully shape risk for age-related cognitive impairment, including excess risk burdening medically underserved populations. Lifecourse adversity associates with cognitive aging, but harms are likely mitigable. Understanding population-salient relationships and sensitive periods for exposure is crucial for targeting clinical interventions. OBJECTIVE The authors examined childhood and adulthood traumatic events in relation to cognition among Black and White older adults in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). PARTICIPANTS Participants (N = 13,952) aged 55+ had complete lifetime trauma and cognitive testing data at the 2006/08, 2010/12, and/or 2014/16 waves. MEASURES Trauma indices comprised childhood and adulthood event counts. Outcomes included baseline performance and trajectories on the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status. DESIGN Main and nonlinear trauma effects were modeled via linear regression, and overall contributions assessed with omnibus likelihood ratio tests. RESULTS Black participants (N = 2,345) reported marginally lower adulthood trauma exposure than White participants (N = 11,607) with no other exposure differentials observed. In White participants only, greater childhood trauma exposure predicted worse baseline cognition but slower change over time. Across race, adulthood trauma robustly associated with baseline cognition. Relationships were frequently nonlinear: low but nonzero trauma predicted highest cognitive scores, with much poorer cognition observed as trauma exposure increased. Relationships between adulthood trauma and trajectory were limited to the White sample. CONCLUSION Traumatic experiences, particularly in adulthood, may impact late-life cognitive health if not addressed. Findings highlight foci for clinical researchers and providers: adverse life events as a source of cognitive risk, and identification of community-specific resources that buffer behavioral, physical, and mental health sequelae of previous and incident trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Zuelsdorff
- School of Nursing (MZ), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (MZ), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.
| | - Amanda Sonnega
- Institute for Social Research (AS), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (LLB), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - DeAnnah R Byrd
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation (DARB), Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ; Center for Innovation in Healthy and Resilient Aging, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation (DARB), Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ
| | | | - Robynn Cox
- School of Public Policy (RC), University of California, Riverside, CA
| | - Derek Norton
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (DN), University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Robert W Turner
- School of Medicine & Health Sciences (RWT), The George Washington University, Washington, DC
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Yang YC, Walsh CE, Shartle K, Stebbins RC, Aiello AE, Belsky DW, Harris KM, Chanti-Ketterl M, Plassman BL. An Early and Unequal Decline: Life Course Trajectories of Cognitive Aging in the United States. J Aging Health 2024; 36:230-245. [PMID: 37335551 PMCID: PMC10728348 DOI: 10.1177/08982643231184593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Cognitive aging is a lifelong process with implications for Alzheimer's disease and dementia. This study aims to fill major gaps in research on the natural history of and social disparities in aging-related cognitive decline over the life span. Methods: We conducted integrative data analysis of four large U.S. population-based longitudinal studies of individuals aged 12 to 105 followed over two decades and modeled age trajectories of cognitive function in multiple domains. Results: We found evidence for the onset of cognitive decline in the 4th decade of life, varying gender differences with age, and persistent disadvantage among non-Hispanic Blacks, Hispanics, and those without college education. We further found improvement in cognitive function across 20th century birth cohorts but widening social inequalities in more recent cohorts. Discussion: These findings advance an understanding of early life origins of dementia risk and invite future research on strategies for promoting cognitive health for all Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang C. Yang
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Christine E. Walsh
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kaitlin Shartle
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca C. Stebbins
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Social, Genetic, & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Allison E. Aiello
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel W. Belsky
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathleen Mullan Harris
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Marianne Chanti-Ketterl
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brenda L. Plassman
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Kakizawa S, Park JJ, Tonoki A. Biology of cognitive aging across species. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:15-24. [PMID: 38126240 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with cognitive decline, which can critically affect quality of life. Examining the biology of cognitive aging across species will lead to a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms involved in this process, and identify potential interventions that could help to improve cognitive function in aging individuals. This minireview aimed to explore the mechanisms and processes involved in cognitive aging across a range of species, from flies to rodents, and covers topics, such as the role of reactive oxygen species and autophagy/mitophagy in cognitive aging. Overall, this literature provides a comprehensive overview of the biology of cognitive aging across species, highlighting the latest research findings and identifying potential avenues for future research. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 15-24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Kakizawa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Joong-Jean Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayako Tonoki
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Rotolo L, Picard L, Mazerolle M, Joubert S, Magnin É, Haffen É, Maquestiaux F. [The reversible share of cognitive deficits in older adults]. Geriatr Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil 2024; 22:76-84. [PMID: 38573147 DOI: 10.1684/pnv.2024.1144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive performance of older adults is very often inferior to that of younger adults on a variety of laboratory tests assessing basic functions such as memory, inhibition, or attention. Classic hypotheses and theories share the idea that these cognitive deficits are irreversible, due to profound cerebral changes. In this review article, we develop a more positive conception of aging, according to which cognitive deficits are not all irreversible, and can even be partially if not completely reversible. To this end, we present some of the most illustrative research on the reversibility of the effects of aging on cognition. We show how subtle contextual manipulations can change older adults' motivation and strategy, which improve their cognitive performance. We also show that guidance toward the selection of the most appropriate strategy, whether explicit as in selectivity paradigms or implicit as in dual-task procedures, can increase older adults' cognitive performance. We finally describe the hypotheses and theories that both account for low cognitive performance in old age and ways to reverse the effects of cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Rotolo
- Université de Franche-Comté, UMR Inserm 1322 LINC, Besançon, France, Maison des sciences de l'homme et de l'environnement (MSHE) Ledoux (UAR 3124), Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Laurence Picard
- Université de Franche-Comté, UMR Inserm 1322 LINC, Besançon, France, Maison des sciences de l'homme et de l'environnement (MSHE) Ledoux (UAR 3124), Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Marie Mazerolle
- Université de Franche-Comté, UMR Inserm 1322 LINC, Besançon, France, Maison des sciences de l'homme et de l'environnement (MSHE) Ledoux (UAR 3124), Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Sven Joubert
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada, CRIUGM, Québec, Canada
| | - Éloi Magnin
- Université de Franche-Comté, UMR Inserm 1322 LINC, Besançon, France, Service de neurologie, Hôpital Jean-Minjoz, Besançon, France
| | - Émmanuel Haffen
- Université de Franche-Comté, UMR Inserm 1322 LINC, Besançon, France, Département de psychiatrie clinique, CIC-1431 Inserm, CHU de Besançon, France
| | - François Maquestiaux
- Université de Franche-Comté, UMR Inserm 1322 LINC, Besançon, France, Maison des sciences de l'homme et de l'environnement (MSHE) Ledoux (UAR 3124), Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France, Centre de recherche sur les fonctionnements et dysfonctionnements psychologiques (CRFDP, EA 7475), Université de Rouen Normandie, France
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Fang M, Huang H, Yang J, Zhang S, Wu Y, Huang CC. Changes in microstructural similarity of hippocampal subfield circuits in pathological cognitive aging. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:311-321. [PMID: 38147082 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The hippocampal networks support multiple cognitive functions and may have biological roles and functions in pathological cognitive aging (PCA) and its associated diseases, which have not been explored. In the current study, a total of 116 older adults with 39 normal controls (NC) (mean age: 52.3 ± 13.64 years; 16 females), 39 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (mean age: 68.15 ± 9.28 years, 14 females), and 38 dementia (mean age: 73.82 ± 8.06 years, 8 females) were included. The within-hippocampal subfields and the cortico-hippocampal circuits were assessed via a micro-structural similarity network approach using T1w/T2w ratio and regional gray matter tissue probability maps, respectively. An analysis of covariance was conducted to identify between-group differences in structural similarities among hippocampal subfields. The partial correlation analyses were performed to associate changes in micro-structural similarities with cognitive performance in the three groups, controlling the effect of age, sex, education, and cerebral small-vessel disease. Compared with the NC, an altered T1w/T2w ratio similarity between left CA3 and left subiculum was observed in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. The left CA3 was the most impaired region correlated with deteriorated cognitive performance. Using these regions as seeds for GM similarity comparisons between hippocampal subfields and cortical regions, group differences were observed primarily between the left subiculum and several cortical regions. By utilizing T1w/T2w ratio as a proxy measure for myelin content, our data suggest that the imbalanced synaptic weights within hippocampal CA3 provide a substrate to explain the abnormal firing characteristics of hippocampal neurons in PCA. Furthermore, our work depicts specific brain structural characteristics of normal and pathological cognitive aging and suggests a potential mechanism for cognitive aging heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Fang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanghuang Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuying Zhang
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Wu
- Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Chu-Chung Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
- Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China.
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Lobo E, Gracia-García P, Lobo A. Longitudinal trajectories of cognitive aging. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2024; 37:123-129. [PMID: 38226551 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review summarizes recent evidence related to the cognitive trajectories of aging, the factors associated with the different trajectories, and the effect of sex on cognitive decline. RECENT FINDINGS Trajectories of cognitive aging identified in different studies vary in number, in the proportion of individuals falling into each of the classes and in the predictors of class membership. Trajectories observed include types with 'rapid decline', those with 'gradual decline' and those with 'maintenance of high level' of cognitive performance. Predictors of decline and predictors of maintenance of cognitive performance may be different. While factors such as education were in general associated with high performance, and reversely with low performance, other factors, such as depression were predictors only for some groups, particularly the declining ones. Sex differences in cognitive trajectories and the associated predictive factors have also been identified. SUMMARY The findings on education may be particularly important in populations with low educational level, especially among women and the findings on depression have special interest in preventing cognitive decline in women. Further work is required to explain intriguing inconsistencies observed in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lobo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Zaragoza
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid
| | - Patricia Gracia-García
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, Universidad de Zaragoza
- Psychiatry Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonio Lobo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, Universidad de Zaragoza
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14
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Henry JD, Coundouris SP, Nangle MR. Breaking the links between ageism and health: An integrated perspective. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 95:102212. [PMID: 38307423 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Ageism refers to prejudice, stereotypes or discrimination based on a person's actual or perceived chronological age. While ageism can affect people at all stages of the human lifespan, ageism against older adults has emerged as the most pervasive and potentially harmful. Much is now understood about how ageism can impact older people's health and wellbeing via structural, organisational, and provider level biases that threaten the provision of equitable and ethical healthcare. Negative attitudes about age and ageing also contribute to workforce shortages in aged care sectors, such as residential aged care and nursing. However, often underappreciated is how self-directed ageism, which refers to ageism turned against oneself, can also be an important determinant of health and wellbeing. Relative to external sources of ageism, negative internalised ageist beliefs are not only experienced more frequently in older adults' everyday lives, but are also more strongly linked to their health and wellbeing. Here we highlight how this understanding means that eliminating ageism requires a multifaceted approach that targets not only health care systems and aged care professionals, but older people themselves. Because normal age-related cognitive changes in how we think, perceive and reason increase the risk of older people viewing themselves through a negative and ageist lens, we provide a novel discussion of how broader insights from cognitive ageing literature must play a central role in any agenda focused on breaking the links between ageism and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie D Henry
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Sarah P Coundouris
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Matthew R Nangle
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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15
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Stickel AM, Tarraf W, Kuwayama S, Wu B, Sundermann EE, Gallo LC, Lamar M, Daviglus M, Zeng D, Thyagarajan B, Isasi CR, Lipton RB, Cordero C, Perreira KM, Gonzalez HM, Banks SJ. Connections between reproductive health and cognitive aging among women enrolled in the HCHS/SOL and SOL-INCA. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1944-1957. [PMID: 38160447 PMCID: PMC10947951 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reproductive health history may contribute to cognitive aging and risk for Alzheimer's disease, but this is understudied among Hispanic/Latina women. METHODS Participants included 2126 Hispanic/Latina postmenopausal women (44 to 75 years) from the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging. Survey linear regressions separately modeled the associations between reproductive health measures (age at menarche, history of oral contraceptive use, number of pregnancies, number of live births, age at menopause, female hormone use at Visit 1, and reproductive span) with cognitive outcomes at Visit 2 (performance, 7-year change, and mild cognitive impairment [MCI] prevalence). RESULTS Younger age at menarche, oral contraceptive use, lower pregnancies, lower live births, and older age at menopause were associated with better cognitive performance. Older age at menarche was protective against cognitive change. Hormone use was linked to lower MCI prevalence. DISCUSSION Several aspects of reproductive health appear to impact cognitive aging among Hispanic/Latina women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana M. Stickel
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology & Department of Healthcare SciencesWayne State UniversityDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Sayaka Kuwayama
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Benson Wu
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Erin E. Sundermann
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of PsychologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Melissa Lamar
- Institute for Minority Health ResearchUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoCollege of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesRush University Medical CenterChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Martha Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health ResearchUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoCollege of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Donglin Zeng
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Bharat Thyagarajan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology & Population HealthAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Richard B. Lipton
- Department of Epidemiology & Population HealthAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
- Department of NeurologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNew YorkUSA
| | | | - Krista M. Perreira
- Department of Social MedicineUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Hector M. Gonzalez
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Sarah J. Banks
- Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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16
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Eissman JM, Archer DB, Mukherjee S, Lee ML, Choi S, Scollard P, Trittschuh EH, Mez JB, Bush WS, Kunkle BW, Naj AC, Gifford KA, Cuccaro ML, Cruchaga C, Pericak‐Vance MA, Farrer LA, Wang L, Schellenberg GD, Mayeux RP, Haines JL, Jefferson AL, Kukull WA, Keene CD, Saykin AJ, Thompson PM, Martin ER, Bennett DA, Barnes LL, Schneider JA, Crane PK, Hohman TJ, Dumitrescu L. Sex-specific genetic architecture of late-life memory performance. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1250-1267. [PMID: 37984853 PMCID: PMC10917043 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women demonstrate a memory advantage when cognitively healthy yet lose this advantage to men in Alzheimer's disease. However, the genetic underpinnings of this sex difference in memory performance remain unclear. METHODS We conducted the largest sex-aware genetic study on late-life memory to date (Nmales = 11,942; Nfemales = 15,641). Leveraging harmonized memory composite scores from four cohorts of cognitive aging and AD, we performed sex-stratified and sex-interaction genome-wide association studies in 24,216 non-Hispanic White and 3367 non-Hispanic Black participants. RESULTS We identified three sex-specific loci (rs67099044-CBLN2, rs719070-SCHIP1/IQCJ-SCHIP), including an X-chromosome locus (rs5935633-EGL6/TCEANC/OFD1), that associated with memory. Additionally, we identified heparan sulfate signaling as a sex-specific pathway and found sex-specific genetic correlations between memory and cardiovascular, immune, and education traits. DISCUSSION This study showed memory is highly and comparably heritable across sexes, as well as highlighted novel sex-specific genes, pathways, and genetic correlations that related to late-life memory. HIGHLIGHTS Demonstrated the heritable component of late-life memory is similar across sexes. Identified two genetic loci with a sex-interaction with baseline memory. Identified an X-chromosome locus associated with memory decline in females. Highlighted sex-specific candidate genes and pathways associated with memory. Revealed sex-specific shared genetic architecture between memory and complex traits.
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Mizell JM, Wang S, Frisvold A, Alvarado L, Farrell-Skupny A, Keung W, Phelps CE, Sundman MH, Franchetti MK, Chou YH, Alexander GE, Wilson RC. Differential impacts of healthy cognitive aging on directed and random exploration. Psychol Aging 2024; 39:88-101. [PMID: 38358695 PMCID: PMC10871551 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Deciding whether to explore unknown opportunities or exploit well-known options is a ubiquitous part of our everyday lives. Extensive work in college students suggests that young people make explore-exploit decisions using a mixture of information seeking and random behavioral variability. Whether, and to what extent, older adults use the same strategies is unknown. To address this question, 51 older adults (ages 65-74) and 32 younger adults (ages 18-25) completed the Horizon Task, a gambling task that quantifies information seeking and behavioral variability as well as how these strategies are controlled for the purposes of exploration. Qualitatively, we found that older adults performed similar to younger adults on this task, increasing both their information seeking and behavioral variability when it was adaptive to explore. Quantitively, however, there were substantial differences between the age groups, with older adults showing less information seeking overall and less reliance on variability as a means to explore. In addition, we found a subset of approximately 26% of older adults whose information seeking was close to zero, avoiding informative options even when they were clearly the better choice. Unsurprisingly, these "information avoiders" performed worse on the task. In contrast, task performance in the remaining "information seeking" older adults was comparable to that of younger adults suggesting that age-related differences in explore-exploit decision making may be adaptive except when they are taken to extremes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siyu Wang
- University of Arizona, Department of Psychology
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18
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Ferreira A, Harter A, Afreen S, Kanai K, Batori S, Redei EE. The WMI Rat of Premature Cognitive Aging Presents Intrinsic Vulnerability to Oxidative Stress in Primary Neurons and Astrocytes Compared to Its Nearly Isogenic WLI Control. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1692. [PMID: 38338968 PMCID: PMC10855588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The primary neuronal and astrocyte culture described here is from the stress-hyperreactive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) More Immobile (WMI) rat with premature aging-related memory deficit, and its nearly isogenic control, the Less Immobile (WLI) strain. Primary WMI hippocampal neurons and cortical astrocytes are significantly more sensitive to oxidative stress (OS) generated by administration of H2O2 compared to WLI cells as measured by the trypan blue cell viability assay. Intrinsic genetic vulnerability is also suggested by the decreased gene expression in WMI neurons of catalase (Cat), and in WMI cortical astrocytes of insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2), synuclein gamma (Sncg) and glutathione peroxidase 2 (Gpx2) compared to WLI. The expressions of several mitochondrial genes are dramatically increased in response to H2O2 treatment in WLI, but not in WMI cortical astrocytes. We propose that the vulnerability of WMI neurons to OS is due to the genetic differences between the WLI and WMI. Furthermore, the upregulation of mitochondrial genes may be a compensatory response to the generation of free radicals by OS in the WLIs, and this mechanism is disturbed in the WMIs. Thus, this pilot study suggests intrinsic vulnerabilities in the WMI hippocampal neurons and cortical astrocytes, and affirm the efficacy of this bimodal in vitro screening system for finding novel drug targets to prevent oxidative damage in illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Ferreira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (A.F.)
| | - Aspen Harter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
| | - Sana Afreen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (A.F.)
| | - Karoly Kanai
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sandor Batori
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eva E. Redei
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
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Zou M, Wang D, Chen Y, Yang C, Xu S, Dai Y. Dajianzhong decoction ameliorated D-gal-induced cognitive aging by triggering mitophagy in vivo and in vitro. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 319:117212. [PMID: 37783403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dajianzhong decoction (DJZ) is a classical famous formula for treating yang-deficiency-syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine and recorded in Jin-Kui-Yao-Lue in Dynasty of Dong Han. Cognitive aging can present similar features of mitochondrial energy deficits to the clinical features of Yang deficiency. However, there is poor understanding of the effects of DJZ treatment on mitophagy in cognitive aging. AIM OF THE STUDY The aims of this work were to decipher the effectiveness and mechanism of DJZ against cognitive aging, focusing on mitophagy. MATERIALS AND METHODS YFP-Parkin HeLa cells, D-galactose (D-gal) -induced mice (500 mg/kg for 35 d, s. c.) and SH-SY5Y cells (80 mg/ml for 6 h) were established. Firstly, the formation of YFP-Parkin puncta (a well-known mitophagy marker) in YFP-Parkin HeLa cells was employed to discover the mitophagy induction of DJZ. Moreover, the genes and proteins related to PINK1/Parkin pathway and mitochondrial functions were evaluated after treatment with DJZ in vivo (3.5 g/kg or 1.75 g/kg, i. g, 35 d) and in vitro (0.2, 2 and 20 μg/ml, 12 h). Furthermore, the effectiveness of DJZ (3.5 g/kg or 1.75 g/kg, i. g) for alleviating cognitive aging and nerve damage was measured in D-gal mice. Finally, siPINK1 was applied to reverse validation of DJZ in vitro. RESULTS The formation of YFP-Parkin puncta in YFP-Parkin HeLa cells was markedly induced by DJZ in a dose-dependent manner. The immunofluorescence intensity of Parkin and the protein expression of Parkin in mitochondrial membrane in D-gal mice were significantly increased after treatment of DJZ. The inhibition of PINK1/Parkin pathway in D-gal-induced mice and SH-SY5Y cells was significantly activated by DJZ. Simultaneously, the impairment of mitochondrial functions induced by D-gal were markedly reversed by DJZ. In addition, DJZ significantly ameliorated the neuropathological injury and cognitive declines in D-gal mice. Finally, after PINK1 was knocked down by siPINK1 in vitro, the neuroprotective effects of DJZ and the Parkin enhancement effect of DJZ were markedly reversed. CONCLUSION Our findings firstly showed DJZ could relieve cognitive aging through facilitating PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy to protect against mitochondrial functions, indicating DJZ may be regarded as a promising intervention in cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zou
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Chuan Yang
- Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shijun Xu
- Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yuan Dai
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Institute of Material Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China.
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Malykhin N, Pietrasik W, Hoang KN, Huang Y. Contributions of hippocampal subfields and subregions to episodic memory performance in healthy cognitive aging. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 133:51-66. [PMID: 37913626 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study we investigated whether hippocampal subfield (cornu ammonis 1-3, dentate gyrus, and subiculum) and anteroposterior hippocampal subregion (head,body, and tail) volumes can predict episodic memory function using high-field high resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We recruited 126 healthy participants (18-85 years). MRI datasets were collected on a 4.7 T system. Participants were administered the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS-IV) to evaluate episodic memory function. Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationship between studied variables. We found that the volume of the dentate gyrus subfield and posterior hippocampus (body) showed a significant direct effect on visuospatial memory performance; additionally, an indirect effect of age on visuospatial memory mediated through these hippocampal subfield/subregion was significant. Logical and verbal memory were not significantly associated with hippocampal subfield or subregion volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Malykhin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Wojciech Pietrasik
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kim Ngan Hoang
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yushan Huang
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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21
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Sergio J, Siedlecki KL. Which variables moderate the relationship between depressive symptoms and global neurocognition across adulthood? Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn 2024; 31:145-173. [PMID: 36268987 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2131714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined moderators of the relationship between depressive symptoms and global neurocognition in a large non-clinical community-dwelling sample spanning adulthood. Participants comprised 5,430 individuals between the ages of 18-99 years drawn from the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project. Depressive symptoms were measured via the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale and neurocognition was operationalized as a composite variable comprising episodic memory, spatial visualization, processing speed, and reasoning tasks. Moderator variables included physical activity, cognitive activity, education, emotional stability, and openness. Hierarchical regressions were used to examine the influence of depressive symptoms and the moderators on neurocognition. Depressive symptoms significantly predicted neurocognition. Cognitive activity, years of education, and emotional stability moderated the depression-neurocognition relationship by buffering the impact of depressive symptoms on neurocognition. Cognitive activity engagement and level of education may function as a protective influence on those with higher levels of depressive symptoms, while emotional stability may be protective for individuals with lower levels of depressive symptoms. No differences in moderation were found across three age groups representing younger, middle, and older adults. Post-hoc analyses showed years of education and openness as moderators in a subsample excluding individuals with potentially clinically meaningful levels of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Sergio
- Department of Psychology, Fordham University, New York, NY, USA
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22
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Pezzoli S, Giorgio J, Martersteck A, Dobyns L, Harrison TM, Jagust WJ. Successful cognitive aging is associated with thicker anterior cingulate cortex and lower tau deposition compared to typical aging. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:341-355. [PMID: 37614157 PMCID: PMC10916939 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is no consensus on either the definition of successful cognitive aging (SA) or the underlying neural mechanisms. METHODS We examined the agreement between new and existing definitions using: (1) a novel measure, the cognitive age gap (SA-CAG, cognitive-predicted age minus chronological age), (2) composite scores for episodic memory (SA-EM), (3) non-memory cognition (SA-NM), and (4) the California Verbal Learning Test (SA-CVLT). RESULTS Fair to moderate strength of agreement was found between the four definitions. Most SA groups showed greater cortical thickness compared to typical aging (TA), especially in the anterior cingulate and midcingulate cortices and medial temporal lobes. Greater hippocampal volume was found in all SA groups except SA-NM. Lower entorhinal 18 F-Flortaucipir (FTP) uptake was found in all SA groups. DISCUSSION These findings suggest that a feature of SA, regardless of its exact definition, is resistance to tau pathology and preserved cortical integrity, especially in the anterior cingulate and midcingulate cortices. HIGHLIGHTS Different approaches have been used to define successful cognitive aging (SA). Regardless of definition, different SA groups have similar brain features. SA individuals have greater anterior cingulate thickness and hippocampal volume. Lower entorhinal tau deposition, but not amyloid beta is related to SA. A combination of cortical integrity and resistance to tau may be features of SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Pezzoli
- Helen Wills Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Joseph Giorgio
- Helen Wills Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- University of NewcastleNewcastleNSWAustralia
| | - Adam Martersteck
- Helen Wills Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lindsey Dobyns
- Helen Wills Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Theresa M. Harrison
- Helen Wills Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - William J. Jagust
- Helen Wills Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
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23
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Wolf EJ, Miller MW, Hawn SE, Zhao X, Wallander SE, McCormick B, Govan C, Rasmusson A, Stone A, Schichman SA, Logue MW. Longitudinal study of traumatic-stress related cellular and cognitive aging. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 115:494-504. [PMID: 37967663 PMCID: PMC10843744 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic stress is associated with both accelerated epigenetic age and increased risk for dementia. Accelerated epigenetic age might link symptoms of traumatic stress to dementia-associated biomarkers, such as amyloid-beta (Aβ) proteins, neurofilament light (NFL), and inflammatory molecules. We tested this hypothesis using longitudinal data obtained from 214 trauma-exposed military veterans (85 % male, mean age at baseline: 53 years, 75 % White) who were assessed twice over the course of an average of 5.6 years. Cross-lagged panel mediation models evaluated measures of lifetime posttraumatic stress disorder and internalizing and externalizing comorbidity (assessed at Time 1; T1) in association with T1 epigenetic age (per the GrimAge algorithm) and T1 plasma markers of neuropathology along with bidirectional temporal paths between T1 and T2 epigenetic age and the plasma markers. Results revealed that a measure of externalizing comorbidity was associated with accelerated epigenetic age (β = 0.30, p <.01), which in turn, was associated with subsequent increases in Aβ-40 (β = 0.20, p <.001), Aβ-42 (β = 0.18, p <.001), and interleukin-6 (β = 0.18, p <.01). T1 advanced epigenetic age and the T1 neuropathology biomarkers NFL and glial fibrillary acidic protein predicted worse performance on T2 neurocognitive tasks assessing working memory, executive/attentional control, and/or verbal memory (ps = 0.03 to 0.009). Results suggest that advanced GrimAge is predictive of subsequent increases in neuropathology and inflammatory biomarkers as well as worse cognitive function, highlighting the clinical significance of this biomarker with respect to cognitive aging and brain health over time. The finding that advanced GrimAge mediated the association between psychiatric comorbidity and future neuropathology is important for understanding potential pathways to neurodegeneration and early identification of those at greatest risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika J Wolf
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Mark W Miller
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sage E Hawn
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Old Dominion University, Department of Psychology, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Xiang Zhao
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara E Wallander
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Beth McCormick
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christine Govan
- MAVERIC Central Biorepository, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ann Rasmusson
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annjanette Stone
- Pharmacogenomics Analysis Laboratory, Research Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Steven A Schichman
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Mark W Logue
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Biomedical Genetics, Boston, MA, USA
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Herold F, Theobald P, Gronwald T, Kaushal N, Zou L, de Bruin ED, Bherer L, Müller NG. Alexa, let's train now! - A systematic review and classification approach to digital and home-based physical training interventions aiming to support healthy cognitive aging. J Sport Health Sci 2024; 13:30-46. [PMID: 36736727 PMCID: PMC10818117 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is mounting evidence that regular physical activity is an important prerequisite for healthy cognitive aging. Consequently, the finding that almost one-third of the adult population does not reach the recommended level of regular physical activity calls for further public health actions. In this context, digital and home-based physical training interventions might be a promising alternative to center-based intervention programs. Thus, this systematic review aimed to summarize the current state of the literature on the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on adult cognitive performance. METHODS In this pre-registered systematic review (PROSPERO; ID: CRD42022320031), 5 electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library) were searched by 2 independent researchers (FH and PT) to identify eligible studies investigating the effects of digital and home-based physical training interventions on cognitive performance in adults. The systematic literature search yielded 8258 records (extra 17 records from other sources), of which 27 controlled trials were considered relevant. Two reviewers (FH and PT) independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using a modified version of the Tool for the assEssment of Study qualiTy and reporting in EXercise (TESTEX scale). RESULTS Of the 27 reviewed studies, 15 reported positive effects on cognitive and motor-cognitive outcomes (i.e., performance improvements in measures of executive functions, working memory, and choice stepping reaction test), and a considerable heterogeneity concerning study-related, population-related, and intervention-related characteristics was noticed. A more detailed analysis suggests that, in particular, interventions using online classes and technology-based exercise devices (i.e., step-based exergames) can improve cognitive performance in healthy older adults. Approximately one-half of the reviewed studies were rated as having a high risk of bias with respect to completion adherence (≤85%) and monitoring of the level of regular physical activity in the control group. CONCLUSION The current state of evidence concerning the effectiveness of digital and home-based physical training interventions is mixed overall, though there is limited evidence that specific types of digital and home-based physical training interventions (e.g., online classes and step-based exergames) can be an effective strategy for improving cognitive performance in older adults. However, due to the limited number of available studies, future high-quality studies are needed to buttress this assumption empirically and to allow for more solid and nuanced conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Herold
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Paula Theobald
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Thomas Gronwald
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg 20457, Germany
| | - Navin Kaushal
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Liye Zou
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Eling D de Bruin
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 17177, Sweden; Department of Health, OST - Eastern Swiss University of Applied Sciences, St. Gallen 9001, Switzerland
| | - Louis Bherer
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada; Department of Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Geriatrie de Montreal, Montreal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Notger G Müller
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14476, Germany; Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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25
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Bañuelos C, Kittleson JR, LaNasa KH, Galiano CS, Roth SM, Perez EJ, Long JM, Roberts MT, Fong S, Rapp PR. Cognitive Aging and the Primate Basal Forebrain Revisited: Disproportionate GABAergic Vulnerability Revealed. J Neurosci 2023; 43:8425-8441. [PMID: 37798131 PMCID: PMC10711728 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0456-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Basal forebrain (BF) projections to the hippocampus and cortex are anatomically positioned to influence a broad range of cognitive capacities that are known to decline in normal aging, including executive function and memory. Although a long history of research on neurocognitive aging has focused on the role of the cholinergic basal forebrain system, intermingled GABAergic cells are numerically as prominent and well positioned to regulate the activity of their cortical projection targets, including the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. The effects of aging on noncholinergic BF neurons in primates, however, are largely unknown. In this study, we conducted quantitative morphometric analyses in brains from young adult (6 females, 2 males) and aged (11 females, 5 males) rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) that displayed significant impairment on standard tests that require the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Cholinergic (ChAT+) and GABAergic (GAD67+) neurons were quantified through the full rostrocaudal extent of the BF. Total BF immunopositive neuron number (ChAT+ plus GAD67+) was significantly lower in aged monkeys compared with young, largely because of fewer GAD67+ cells. Additionally, GAD67+ neuron volume was greater selectively in aged monkeys without cognitive impairment compared with young monkeys. These findings indicate that the GABAergic component of the primate BF is disproportionally vulnerable to aging, implying a loss of inhibitory drive to cortical circuitry. Moreover, adaptive reorganization of the GABAergic circuitry may contribute to successful neurocognitive outcomes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT A long history of research has confirmed the role of the basal forebrain in cognitive aging. The majority of that work has focused on BF cholinergic neurons that innervate the cortical mantle. Codistributed BF GABAergic populations are also well positioned to influence cognitive function, yet little is known about this prominent neuronal population in the aged brain. In this unprecedented quantitative comparison of both cholinergic and GABAergic BF neurons in young and aged rhesus macaques, we found that neuron number is significantly reduced in the aged BF compared with young, and that this reduction is disproportionately because of a loss of GABAergic neurons. Together, our findings encourage a new perspective on the functional organization of the primate BF in neurocognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bañuelos
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Joshua R Kittleson
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Katherine H LaNasa
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Christina S Galiano
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Stephanie M Roth
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Evelyn J Perez
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Jeffrey M Long
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
| | - Mary T Roberts
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616
| | - Sania Fong
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616
| | - Peter R Rapp
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
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Sundman MH, Avila De Vault BE, Chen AYC, Madhavan L, Fuglevand AJ, Chou YH. The (hyper)excitable brain: what can a ubiquitous TMS measure reveal about cognitive aging? Neurobiol Aging 2023; 132:250-252. [PMID: 37827912 PMCID: PMC10982121 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark H Sundman
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Allison Yu-Chin Chen
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Lalitha Madhavan
- Departments of Neurology and Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Evelyn F McKnight Brain Institute, Arizona Center on Aging, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Andrew J Fuglevand
- Departments of Physiology and Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ying-Hui Chou
- Brain Imaging and TMS Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Evelyn F McKnight Brain Institute, Arizona Center on Aging, and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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Rooha A, Shetty S, Bajaj G, Jacob NL, George VM, Bhat JS. Development and validation of educational multimedia to promote public health literacy about healthy cognitive aging. Health Expect 2023; 26:2571-2583. [PMID: 37635370 PMCID: PMC10632613 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Health literacy (HL) about healthy cognitive aging is essential in preventing cognitive decline and promoting cognitive well-being. It is important that one such HL module should be scientifically designed, delivered in a technically sound manner to the audience, and specific to the context. The present study thus aimed at developing and validating educational multimedia about cognitive health. METHODS The study followed a methodological framework and was carried out across three phases, that is, identification of themes, development and validation of educational script and design, and validation of educational multimedia. The module was scripted based on the Integrated HL framework and the recommendations made during the modified nominal group technique among the research team. Seven speech-language pathologists (SLPs), with expertise in the field of cognitive sciences, and 15 representatives of the general public validated the module using the Educational Content Validation Instrument in Health and the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Audiovisual Materials questionnaire. RESULTS The scientific content of the educational script received satisfactory agreements among the experts (content validity index [CVI]: 0.93) and representatives of the general public (CVI: 0.86). The technical aspects of the educational multimedia were rated to have high understandability (experts: 92.8%; representatives of general public: 98.8%) and actionability (experts and representatives of general public 100%). CONCLUSION Overall, the developed educational multimedia scored optimally with respect to the objective, structure, relevance of the content, actionability and understandability of the multimedia. The developed module holds the potential to be used at community and national level health educational programs or awareness campaigns to enhance public knowledge and beliefs pertaining to cognitive health. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION SLPs with expertise in the field of cognitive science and representatives from the general public were included to validate and obtain feedback on the developed educational multimedia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysha Rooha
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language PathologyKasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Shreya Shetty
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language PathologyKasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Gagan Bajaj
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language PathologyKasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Nidhi L. Jacob
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language PathologyKasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Vinitha M. George
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language PathologyNational Institute of Speech and HearingTrivandrumKeralaIndia
| | - Jayashree S. Bhat
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language PathologyNitte Institute of Speech and Hearing, DeralakatteMangaloreKarnatakaIndia
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Young HA, Geurts L, Scarmeas N, Benton D, Brennan L, Farrimond J, Kiliaan AJ, Pooler A, Trovò L, Sijben J, Vauzour D. Multi-nutrient interventions and cognitive ageing: are we barking up the right tree? Nutr Res Rev 2023; 36:471-483. [PMID: 36156184 DOI: 10.1017/s095442242200018x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
As we continue to elucidate the mechanisms underlying age-related brain diseases, the reductionist strategy in nutrition–brain function research has focused on establishing the impact of individual foods. However, the biological processes connecting diet and cognition are complex. Therefore, consideration of a combination of nutritional compounds may be most efficacious. One barrier to establishing the efficacy of multi-nutrient interventions is that the area lacks an established set of evidence-based guidelines for studying their effect on brain health. This review is an output of the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) Europe. A multi-disciplinary expert group was assembled with the aim of developing a set of considerations to guide research into the effects of multi-nutrient combinations on brain functions. Consensus recommendations converged on six key issues that should be considered to advance research in this area: (1) establish working mechanisms of the combination and contributions of each individual compound; (2) validate the relevance of the mechanisms for the targeted human condition; (3) include current nutrient status, intake or dietary pattern as inclusion/exclusion criteria in the study design; (4) select a participant population that is clinically and biologically appropriate for all nutritional components of the combination; (5) consider a range of cognitive outcomes; (6) consider the limits of reductionism and the ‘gold standard’ randomised controlled trial. These guiding principles will enhance our understanding of the interactive/complementary activities of dietary components, thereby strengthening the evidence base for recommendations aimed at delaying cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucie Geurts
- International Life Sciences Institute Europe, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - David Benton
- Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Wales, UK
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, UCD Institute of Food and Health, UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | | | - Amanda J Kiliaan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Amy Pooler
- Formerly at Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Lausanne, Switzerland. Currently at Sangamo Therapeutics, Inc, San Francisco, USA
| | - Laura Trovò
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| | - John Sijben
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - David Vauzour
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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Bridi L, Kaki DA, Behnam R, Khan X, Albahsahli B, Bencheikh N, Aljenabi R, Ahmadi N, Dajani R, Al-Rousan T. Attitudes toward dementia and cognitive aging among Syrian refugees resettled in Jordan: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2307. [PMID: 37990313 PMCID: PMC10664261 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting evidence is revealing disparities in cognitive function and heightened dementia risk among refugees, yet research in this area remains scant. Despite bearing most of the world's refugee burden, limited-resource countries like Jordan are facing challenges when dealing with refugee health. There is a lack of research on the attitudes toward dementia and the cognitive healthcare gaps among refugees in Jordan. METHODS 32 older (≥ 55 years) Syrian refugees resettled in Jordan were recruited through a local community-based organization and interviewed in four focus groups (2 female and 2 male groups). Interviews were transcribed and translated, then coded using inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS Mean age of the sample was 60.1 years and 53.1% were female. Only 34.4% rated their memory as good or excellent. Themes were organized using the socioecological model: 1) At the individual level, participants believed high levels of stress, including low socioeconomic status, poor health, and traumatic history from their refugee experience increased their dementia risk. 2) Interpersonally, there is a fear of dementia due to the possible impact and burden on loved ones, particularly with the stigma surrounding dementia. 3) At the community level, participants noted that resettlement in Jordan - with a shared language, religion, and culture - offered protective effects due to facilitated access to social connection, information, and mental health self-care. 4) At the institution and policy level, participants believed older refugees faced restrictive policies for economic aid, healthcare, and employment, presenting a significant barrier to healthy aging. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study are the first to examine the attitudes of Syrian refugees in Jordan toward dementia and cognitive aging. These results could provide essential data inclusive of refugees as Jordan develops its National Dementia Plan. Investing in dementia awareness interventions and age-friendly neighborhoods may benefit aging refugees in limited-resources settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana Bridi
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Dahlia A Kaki
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rawnaq Behnam
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Xara Khan
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- School of Social Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Behnan Albahsahli
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nissma Bencheikh
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Raghad Aljenabi
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- School of Social Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nargis Ahmadi
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rana Dajani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Tala Al-Rousan
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
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30
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Luna MG, Pahlen S, Corley RP, Wadsworth SJ, Reynolds CA. Frailty and Processing Speed Performance at the Cusp of Midlife in CATSLife. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2023; 78:1834-1842. [PMID: 37480567 PMCID: PMC10645312 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbad102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Frailty is not an end state of aging, but rather represents physiological vulnerability across multiple systems that unfolds across adulthood. However, examinations of frailty at the midlife transition, and how frailty may impact other age-sensitive traits, such as processing speed (PS), remain scarce. Our research aims were to examine frailty and frailty-speed associations before midlife, a ripe developmental period for healthy aging interventions. METHODS Using data from the Colorado Adoption/Twin Study of Lifespan behavioral development and cognitive aging (N = 1,215; Mage = 33.23 years; standard deviation = 4.98), we constructed 25-item (FI25) and 30-item (FI30) frailty indices. PS was measured using the Colorado Perceptual Speed task and WAIS-III Digit Symbol (DS) subtest. Multilevel models accounted for clustering among siblings and adjusted for sex, race, ethnicity, adoption status, educational attainment, and age. RESULTS Reliability of FI measures was apparent from strong intraclass correlations (ICCs) among identical twin siblings, although ICC patterns across all siblings suggested that FI variability may include nonadditive genetic contributions. Higher FI was associated with poorer PS performance but was significant for DS only (BFI25 = -1.17, p = .001, d = -0.12; BFI30 = -1.21, p = .001, d = -0.12). Furthermore, the negative frailty-DS association was moderated by age (BFI25×age = -0.14, p = .042; BFI30×age=-0.19, p = .008) where increasingly worse performance with higher frailty emerged at older ages. DISCUSSION Frailty is evident before midlife and associated with poorer PS, an association that magnifies with age. These findings help elucidate the interrelationship between indicators of frailty and cognitive performance for adults approaching midlife, an understudied period within life-span development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Luna
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Shandell Pahlen
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Robin P Corley
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Sally J Wadsworth
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Chandra A Reynolds
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
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Chong HR, Ranjbar-Slamloo Y, Ho MZH, Ouyang X, Kamigaki T. Functional alterations of the prefrontal circuit underlying cognitive aging in mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7254. [PMID: 37945561 PMCID: PMC10636129 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43142-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Executive function is susceptible to aging. How aging impacts the circuit-level computations underlying executive function remains unclear. Using calcium imaging and optogenetic manipulation during memory-guided behavior, we show that working-memory coding and the relevant recurrent connectivity in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) are altered as early as middle age. Population activity in the young adult mPFC exhibits dissociable yet overlapping patterns between tactile and auditory modalities, enabling crossmodal memory coding concurrent with modality-dependent coding. In middle age, however, crossmodal coding remarkably diminishes while modality-dependent coding persists, and both types of coding decay in advanced age. Resting-state functional connectivity, especially among memory-coding neurons, decreases already in middle age, suggesting deteriorated recurrent circuits for memory maintenance. Optogenetic inactivation reveals that the middle-aged mPFC exhibits heightened vulnerability to perturbations. These findings elucidate functional alterations of the prefrontal circuit that unfold in middle age and deteriorate further as a hallmark of cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huee Ru Chong
- Neuroscience & Mental Health, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Yadollah Ranjbar-Slamloo
- Neuroscience & Mental Health, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Malcolm Zheng Hao Ho
- Neuroscience & Mental Health, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
- IGP-Neuroscience, Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Xuan Ouyang
- Neuroscience & Mental Health, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Tsukasa Kamigaki
- Neuroscience & Mental Health, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.
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Pittock RR, Aakre JA, Castillo AM, Ramanan VK, Kremers WK, Jack CR, Vemuri P, Lowe VJ, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Graff-Radford J, Vassilaki M. Eligibility for Anti-Amyloid Treatment in a Population-Based Study of Cognitive Aging. Neurology 2023; 101:e1837-e1849. [PMID: 37586881 PMCID: PMC10663008 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Treatment options for Alzheimer disease (AD) are limited and have focused mainly on symptomatic therapy and improving quality of life. Recently, lecanemab, an anti-β-amyloid monoclonal antibody (mAb), received accelerated approval by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment in the early stages of biomarker-confirmed symptomatic AD. An additional anti-β-amyloid mAb, aducanumab, was approved in 2021, and more will potentially become available in the near future. Research on the applicability and generalizability of the anti-β-amyloid mAb eligibility criteria on adults with biomarkers available in the general population has been lacking. The study's primary aim was to apply the clinical trial eligibility criteria for lecanemab treatment to participants with early AD of the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging (MCSA) and assess the generalizability of anti-amyloid treatment. The secondary aim of this study was to apply the clinical trial eligibility criteria for aducanumab treatment in MCSA participants. METHODS This cross-sectional study aimed to apply the clinical trial eligibility criteria for lecanemab and aducanumab treatment to participants with early AD of the population-based MCSA and assess the generalizability of anti-amyloid treatment. RESULTS Two hundred thirty-seven MCSA participants (mean age [SD] 80.9 [6.3] years, 54.9% male, and 97.5% White) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia and increased brain amyloid burden by PiB PET comprised the study sample. Lecanemab trial's inclusion criteria reduced the study sample to 112 (47.3% of 237) participants. The trial's exclusion criteria further narrowed the number of potentially eligible participants to 19 (overall 8% of 237). Modifying the eligibility criteria to include all participants with MCI (instead of applying additional cognitive criteria) resulted in 17.4% of participants with MCI being eligible for lecanemab treatment. One hundred four participants (43.9% of 237) fulfilled the aducanumab clinical trial's inclusion criteria. The aducanumab trial's exclusion criteria further reduced the number of available participants, narrowing those eligible to 12 (5.1% of 237). Common exclusions were related to other chronic conditions and neuroimaging findings. DISCUSSION Findings estimate the limited eligibility in typical older adults with cognitive impairment for anti-β-amyloid mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rioghna R Pittock
- From the Department of Neurology (R.R.P., V.K.R., D.S.K., R.C.P., J.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; The College (R.R.P.), University of Chicago, IL; Departments of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.A.A., A.M.C., W.K.K., R.C.P., M.V.) and Radiology (C.R.J., P.V., V.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jeremiah A Aakre
- From the Department of Neurology (R.R.P., V.K.R., D.S.K., R.C.P., J.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; The College (R.R.P.), University of Chicago, IL; Departments of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.A.A., A.M.C., W.K.K., R.C.P., M.V.) and Radiology (C.R.J., P.V., V.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Anna M Castillo
- From the Department of Neurology (R.R.P., V.K.R., D.S.K., R.C.P., J.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; The College (R.R.P.), University of Chicago, IL; Departments of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.A.A., A.M.C., W.K.K., R.C.P., M.V.) and Radiology (C.R.J., P.V., V.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Vijay K Ramanan
- From the Department of Neurology (R.R.P., V.K.R., D.S.K., R.C.P., J.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; The College (R.R.P.), University of Chicago, IL; Departments of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.A.A., A.M.C., W.K.K., R.C.P., M.V.) and Radiology (C.R.J., P.V., V.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Walter K Kremers
- From the Department of Neurology (R.R.P., V.K.R., D.S.K., R.C.P., J.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; The College (R.R.P.), University of Chicago, IL; Departments of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.A.A., A.M.C., W.K.K., R.C.P., M.V.) and Radiology (C.R.J., P.V., V.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Clifford R Jack
- From the Department of Neurology (R.R.P., V.K.R., D.S.K., R.C.P., J.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; The College (R.R.P.), University of Chicago, IL; Departments of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.A.A., A.M.C., W.K.K., R.C.P., M.V.) and Radiology (C.R.J., P.V., V.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Prashanthi Vemuri
- From the Department of Neurology (R.R.P., V.K.R., D.S.K., R.C.P., J.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; The College (R.R.P.), University of Chicago, IL; Departments of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.A.A., A.M.C., W.K.K., R.C.P., M.V.) and Radiology (C.R.J., P.V., V.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Val J Lowe
- From the Department of Neurology (R.R.P., V.K.R., D.S.K., R.C.P., J.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; The College (R.R.P.), University of Chicago, IL; Departments of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.A.A., A.M.C., W.K.K., R.C.P., M.V.) and Radiology (C.R.J., P.V., V.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - David S Knopman
- From the Department of Neurology (R.R.P., V.K.R., D.S.K., R.C.P., J.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; The College (R.R.P.), University of Chicago, IL; Departments of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.A.A., A.M.C., W.K.K., R.C.P., M.V.) and Radiology (C.R.J., P.V., V.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ronald C Petersen
- From the Department of Neurology (R.R.P., V.K.R., D.S.K., R.C.P., J.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; The College (R.R.P.), University of Chicago, IL; Departments of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.A.A., A.M.C., W.K.K., R.C.P., M.V.) and Radiology (C.R.J., P.V., V.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jonathan Graff-Radford
- From the Department of Neurology (R.R.P., V.K.R., D.S.K., R.C.P., J.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; The College (R.R.P.), University of Chicago, IL; Departments of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.A.A., A.M.C., W.K.K., R.C.P., M.V.) and Radiology (C.R.J., P.V., V.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Maria Vassilaki
- From the Department of Neurology (R.R.P., V.K.R., D.S.K., R.C.P., J.G.-R.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; The College (R.R.P.), University of Chicago, IL; Departments of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.A.A., A.M.C., W.K.K., R.C.P., M.V.) and Radiology (C.R.J., P.V., V.J.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
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Okely JA, Cox SR, Deary IJ, Luciano M, Overy K. Cognitive aging and experience of playing a musical instrument. Psychol Aging 2023; 38:696-711. [PMID: 37603025 DOI: 10.1037/pag0000768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Musical instrument training has been found to be associated with higher cognitive performance in older age. However, it is not clear whether this association reflects a reduced rate of cognitive decline in older age (differential preservation), and/or the persistence of cognitive advantages associated with childhood musical training (preserved differentiation). It is also unclear whether this association is consistent across different cognitive domains. Our sample included 420 participants from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. Between ages 70 and 82, participants had completed the same 13 cognitive tests (every 3 years), measuring the cognitive domains of verbal ability, verbal memory, processing speed, and visuospatial ability. At age 82, participants reported their lifetime musical experiences; 40% had played a musical instrument, mostly in childhood and adolescence. In minimally adjusted models, participants with greater experience playing a musical instrument tended to perform better across each cognitive domain at age 70 and this association persisted at subsequent waves up to age 82. After controlling for additional covariates (childhood cognitive ability, years of education, socioeconomic status, and health variables), only associations with processing speed (β = 0.131, p = .044) and visuospatial ability (β = 0.154, p = .008) remained statistically significant. Participants with different amounts of experience playing a musical instrument showed similar rates of decline across each cognitive domain between ages 70 and 82. These results suggest a preserved differentiation effect: Cognitive advantages (in processing speed and visuospatial ability) associated with experience playing a musical instrument (mostly earlier in life) are preserved during older age. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon R Cox
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh
| | - Ian J Deary
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh
| | | | - Katie Overy
- Reid School of Music, University of Edinburgh
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Acevedo-Molina M, Deffner A, Hernandez D, Grilli MD. H - 02 Unveiling the Effects of Bilingualism on Autobiographical Memory in Hispanics: Implications for Cognitive Aging. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2023; 38:1483. [PMID: 37807600 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acad067.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Episodic autobiographical memory (EAM) may be particularly sensitive to age-related cognitive decline and risk for Alzheimer's disease. Virtually nothing is known about EAM specificity in Hispanic individuals. Bilingualism is a cognitive factor that may influence EAM specificity among Hispanics. The present study aimed to 1) examine if EAM is sensitive to age in Hispanics and 2) reveal whether bilingualism influences EAM specificity in Hispanics. METHODS A sample of 150 young and middle-aged/older adults (50 English-Spanish bilingual Hispanics; 50 monolingual English-speaking Hispanics; 50 monolingual English speaking Non-Hispanic Whites) narrated EAMs using the established Autobiographical Interview (Levine et al., 2002). Using the scoring protocol of the Autobiographical Interview, we evaluated the narratives for episodic and non-episodic detail. RESULTS We replicated the often-found age-related reduction in episodic detail generation in Hispanics. Bilingual Hispanics' memories were more episodically specific than monolingual Hispanics and Non-Hispanic Whites. We also found that, among bilingual Hispanics, the language used at encoding versus language used at memory retrieval was not associated with episodic specificity. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that episodic autobiographical memory is sensitive to age and bilingualism in Hispanics, making it a culturally appropriate cognitive measure among this population.
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Miller J, Wong C, Rodrigues J, Pudumjee S, Caldwell JK. B - 37 Cognitive Aging in Rural Communities: Preliminary Characterization of Memory in a Community Cohort from Southern Nevada. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2023; 38:1401. [PMID: 37807382 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acad067.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rural-dwelling older adults face unique health challenges that may increase risk for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias; however, they are severely underrepresented in aging research. Here we present an initial characterization of memory functioning in a prospectively followed rural community cohort, with comparisons to an urban cohort from the same region. METHODS Community-dwelling adults over age 50 currently living in a non-metropolitan area are eligible for enrollment. Clinical characterization includes the NACC Uniform Data Set supplemented with additional verbal list learning and nonverbal memory measures. Primary comparisons explored group differences between urban and rural-dwellers, stratified by cognitive diagnosis. The influence of neighborhood disadvantage on memory was also assessed. RESULTS There were no differences in demographics or overall clinical status between the rural (n = 81) and urban samples (n = 129). Approximately half of each sample was cognitively normal. Differences in verbal memory were found for learning (d = 0.45), recall (d = 0.48), and recognition such that rural-dwelling older adults demonstrated a memory advantage relative to urban-dwelling adults; however, the magnitude of impairment within each cohort was larger among rural-dwelling older adults (d = 1.65-2.06) compared to urban-dwelling adults (d = 0.8-1.45). No differences in nonverbal memory were found, and there were no effects of neighborhood disadvantage on any memory measure. CONCLUSIONS Although rural living may increase risk for dementia, we found a small to moderate memory advantage for rural-dwellers. Taken together, our findings suggest that late-life rural living in this geographical region is not necessarily associated with an increased burden of memory impairment, and could actually be protective for some individuals.
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Krikorian R, Shidler MD, Summer SS. Early Intervention in Cognitive Aging with Strawberry Supplementation. Nutrients 2023; 15:4431. [PMID: 37892506 PMCID: PMC10610192 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Late-life dementia is a growing public health concern lacking effective treatment. Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) develop over a preclinical period of many years beginning in midlife. The prevalence of insulin resistance, a prominent risk factor for late-life dementia, also accelerates in middle-age. Consumption of berry fruits, including strawberries, has been shown to influence metabolism as well as cognitive performance suggesting potential to mitigate risk for dementia. In this controlled trial, we enrolled overweight middle-aged men and women with insulin resistance and subjective cognitive decline and performed a 12-week intervention with daily administration of whole-fruit strawberry powder. Diet records showed that participants in both groups maintained the prescribed abstinence from berry product consumption outside the study. We observed diminished memory interference (p = 0.02; Cohen's f = 0.45) and a reduction of depressive symptoms (p = 0.04; Cohen's f = 0.39) for the strawberry-treated participants; benefits consistent with improved executive ability. However, there was no effect of the intervention on metabolic measures, possibly a consequence of the sample size, length of the intervention, or comparatively low anthocyanin dose. Anti-inflammatory actions of anthocyanins were considered as a primary mechanistic factor. The findings support the notion that strawberry supplementation has a role in dementia risk reduction when introduced in midlife. However, further investigation with longer intervention periods, larger samples, and differing dosing regimens will be required to assess the benefits of strawberry intake with respect to cognition and metabolic function in the context of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Krikorian
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA;
| | - Marcelle D. Shidler
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA;
| | - Suzanne S. Summer
- Bionutrition Core, Schubert Research Clinic, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
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Choi J, Han SH, Ng YT, Muñoz E. Neighborhood Cohesion Across the Life Course and Effects on Cognitive Aging. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2023; 78:1765-1774. [PMID: 37350749 PMCID: PMC10561885 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbad095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Greater neighborhood cohesion is associated with better cognitive function in adulthood and may serve as a protective factor against cognitive impairment and decline. We build on prior work by examining the effects of perceived neighborhood cohesion across the life course on level and change in cognitive function in adulthood. METHODS Utilizing longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (1998-2016) and its Life History Mail Survey, we leveraged data from 3,599 study participants (baseline age: 51-89) who participated in up to 10 waves. Respondents provided retrospective ratings of neighborhood cohesion at childhood (age 10), young adulthood (age at the first full-time job), early midlife (age 40), and concurrently at baseline (i.e., late midlife/adulthood); they completed the modified version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status. We fit a univariate latent growth curve model of change in cognitive function across waves and tested whether neighborhood cohesion during each recollected life stage predicted level and change in cognitive function. RESULTS Greater neighborhood cohesion during childhood and late midlife/adulthood each predicted higher cognitive function at baseline but not the rate of cognitive decline. The final model showed that greater neighborhood cohesion in childhood and in late midlife/adulthood remained significantly associated with higher baseline cognitive function, even after accounting for one another. DISCUSSION Findings provide insight into life-course neighborhood contextual influences on cognitive aging. Our results emphasize the need for more research to understand the life-course dynamics between neighborhood environments and cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Choi
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences and Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Sae Hwang Han
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences and Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Yee To Ng
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Elizabeth Muñoz
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences and Population Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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Abstract
Aged rhesus monkeys, like aged humans, show declines in cognitive function. We present cognitive test data from a large sample of male and female rhesus monkeys, 34 young (aged 3.5-13.6 years) and 71 aged (aged 19.9-32.5 years at the start of cognitive testing). Monkeys were tested on spatiotemporal working memory (delayed response), visual recognition memory (delayed nonmatching to sample), and stimulus-reward association learning (object discrimination), tasks with an extensive evidence base in nonhuman primate neuropsychology. On average, aged monkeys performed worse than young on all 3 tasks. Acquisition of delayed response and delayed nonmatching to sample was more variable in aged monkeys than in young. Performance scores on delayed nonmatching to sample and object discrimination were associated with each other, but neither was associated with performance on delayed response. Sex and chronological age were not reliable predictors of individual differences in cognitive outcome among the aged monkeys. These data establish population norms for multiple cognitive tests in young and aged rhesus monkeys in the largest sample reported to date. They also illustrate independence of cognitive aging in task domains dependent on the prefrontal cortex and medial temporal lobe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark G Baxter
- Section on Comparative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| | - Mary T Roberts
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Roberts
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Peter R Rapp
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Neurocognitive Aging Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Nakagawa T. Advances in cross-national comparisons of cognitive ageing. Lancet Healthy Longev 2023; 4:e526-e527. [PMID: 37804840 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00192-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Nakagawa
- Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
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Lobo E, Lobo A, Gracia-García P, López-Antón R, Saz P, De la Cámara C. Sex Differences in Longitudinal Trajectories of Cognitive Aging in Zaragoza, Spain. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 31:796-807. [PMID: 37169710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to document the longitudinal trajectories of cognitive aging in a sample of cognitively healthy subjects of 55 years or older. The following differences between men and women were hypothesized: 1) in the cognitive loss through aging, 2) in the distinct trajectories identified; and 3) in the predictors associated with the identified trajectories. DESIGN AND SETTING A 4-wave, population-based study in Zaragoza, Spain (1994-2006). PARTICIPANTS A total of 2,403 individuals aged 55+ years, cognitively healthy at baseline. MEASUREMENTS All participants had at least three measurements with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Validated Spanish versions of international instruments were used for assessment. Random effects linear panel regression model for analyzing differences by sex in MMSE scores through aging were performed, and growth mixture models (GMM) applied independently for each sex for modeling the longitudinal cognitive trajectories. RESULTS Women showed lower mean MMSE scores in all phases and significantly higher loss in the MMSE from phases 2 to 3 and 3 to 4. The best fitting age-adjusted model of the cognitive trajectories was a 4-class GMM in men and a 3-class in women. Education was a predictor of cognitive trajectories in both men and women. Dependence on iADLs and alcohol status were predictors only for men, and depression and diabetes only for women. CONCLUSIONS The identified differences by sex in cognitive trajectories and their associated factors suggest that men and women may require a different strategy when addressing cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lobo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health (EL), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón) (EL, AL, RLA, PS, PGG, CDC) Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (EL PGG, RLA, CDC), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Lobo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón) (EL, AL, RLA, PS, PGG, CDC) Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Medicine and Psychiatry (AL, PGG, PS, CDC), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Patricia Gracia-García
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón) (EL, AL, RLA, PS, PGG, CDC) Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (EL PGG, RLA, CDC), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine and Psychiatry (AL, PGG, PS, CDC), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Psychiatry Service (PGG), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raúl López-Antón
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón) (EL, AL, RLA, PS, PGG, CDC) Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (EL PGG, RLA, CDC), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain; Department of Sociology and Psychology (RLA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pedro Saz
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón) (EL, AL, RLA, PS, PGG, CDC) Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Medicine and Psychiatry (AL, PGG, PS, CDC), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Concepción De la Cámara
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón) (EL, AL, RLA, PS, PGG, CDC) Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (EL PGG, RLA, CDC), Ministry of Science and Innovation, Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine and Psychiatry (AL, PGG, PS, CDC), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Psychiatry Service (CDC), Hospital Clínico Universitario, Zaragoza, Spain
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Fujiwara M, Ferdousi F, Isoda H. Investigation into Molecular Brain Aging in Senescence-Accelerated Mouse (SAM) Model Employing Whole Transcriptomic Analysis in Search of Potential Molecular Targets for Therapeutic Interventions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13867. [PMID: 37762170 PMCID: PMC10530366 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
With the progression of an aging society, cognitive aging has emerged as a pressing concern necessitating attention. The senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) model has proven instrumental in investigating the early stages of cognitive aging. Through an extensive examination of molecular changes in the brain cortex, utilizing integrated whole-genome transcriptomics, our principal aim was to uncover potential molecular targets with therapeutic applications and relevance to drug screening. Our investigation encompassed four distinct conditions, comparing the same strain at different time points (1 year vs. 16 weeks) and the same time point across different strains (SAMP8 vs. SAMR1), namely: physiological aging, accelerated aging, early events in accelerated aging, and late events in accelerated aging. Focusing on key functional alterations associated with aging in the brain, including neurogenesis, synapse dynamics, neurometabolism, and neuroinflammation, we identified candidate genes linked to these processes. Furthermore, employing protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, we identified pivotal hub genes involved in interactions within these functional domains. Additionally, gene-set perturbation analysis allowed us to uncover potential upstream genes or transcription factors that exhibited activation or inhibition across the four conditions. In summary, our comprehensive analysis of the SAMP8 mouse brain through whole-genome transcriptomics not only deepens our understanding of age-related changes but also lays the groundwork for a predictive model to facilitate drug screening for cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michitaka Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Environmental Science Program, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
- Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
| | - Farhana Ferdousi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
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Chen R, Calmasini C, Swinnerton K, Wang J, Haneuse S, Ackley SF, Hirst AK, Hayes-Larson E, George KM, Peterson R, Soh Y, Barnes LL, Mayeda ER, Gilsanz P, Mungas DM, Whitmer RA, Corrada MM, Glymour MM. Pragmatic approaches to handling practice effects in longitudinal cognitive aging research. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:4028-4036. [PMID: 37199336 PMCID: PMC10524983 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The challenge of accounting for practice effects (PEs) when modeling cognitive change was amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic, which introduced period and mode effects that may bias the estimation of cognitive trajectory. METHODS In three Kaiser Permanente Northern California prospective cohorts, we compared predicted cognitive trajectories and the association of grip strength with cognitive decline using three approaches: (1) no acknowledgment of PE, (2) inclusion of a wave indicator, and (3) constraining PE based on a preliminary model (APM) fit using a subset of the data. RESULTS APM-based correction for PEs based on balanced, pre-pandemic data, and with current age as the timescale produced the smallest discrepancy between within-person and between-person estimated age effects. Estimated associations between grip strength and cognitive decline were not sensitive to the approach used. DISCUSSION Constraining PEs based on a preliminary model is a flexible, pragmatic approach allowing for meaningful interpretation of cognitive change. HIGHLIGHTS The magnitude of practice effects (PEs) varied widely by study. When PEs were present, the three PE approaches resulted in divergent estimated age-related cognitive trajectories. Estimated age-related cognitive trajectories were sometimes implausible in models that did not account for PEs. The associations between grip strength and cognitive decline did not differ by the PE approach used. Constraining PEs based on estimates from a preliminary model allows for a meaningful interpretation of cognitive change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijia Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Camilla Calmasini
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kaitlin Swinnerton
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jingxuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sebastien Haneuse
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah F Ackley
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Andrew K Hirst
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Eleanor Hayes-Larson
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kristen M George
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Rachel Peterson
- School of Public Health and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA
| | - Yenee Soh
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- Department of Neurological Sciences and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Elizabeth Rose Mayeda
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Paola Gilsanz
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Dan M Mungas
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Rachel A Whitmer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Maria M Corrada
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - M Maria Glymour
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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43
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Shi W. Physical activity, sleep duration, and cognitive ageing. Lancet Healthy Longev 2023; 4:e457. [PMID: 37659426 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00137-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Shi
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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44
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Andel R, Veal BM, Howard VJ, MacDonald LA, Judd SE, Crowe M. Retirement and cognitive aging in a racially diverse sample of older Americans. J Am Geriatr Soc 2023; 71:2769-2778. [PMID: 37465869 PMCID: PMC10526697 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retirement represents a crucial transitional period for many adults with possible consequences for cognitive aging. We examined trajectories of cognitive change before and after retirement in Black and White adults. METHODS Longitudinal examination of up to 10 years (mean = 7.1 ± 2.2 years) using data from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study-a national, longitudinal study of Black and White adults ≥45 years of age. Data were from 2226 members of the REGARDS study who retired around the time when an occupational ancillary survey was administered. Cognitive function was an average of z-scores for tests of verbal fluency, memory, and global function. RESULTS Cognitive functioning was stable before retirement (Estimate = 0.05, p = 0.322), followed by a significant decline after retirement (Estimate = -0.15, p < 0.001). The decline was particularly pronounced in White (Estimate = -0.19, p < 0.001) compared with Black (Estimate = -0.07, p = 0.077) participants, twice as large in men (Estimate = -0.20, p < 0.001) compared with women (Estimate = -0.11, p < 0.001), highest among White men (Estimate = -0.22, p < 0.001) and lowest in Black women (Estimate = -0.04, p = 0.457). Greater post-retirement cognitive decline was also observed among participants who attended college (Estimate = -0.14, p = 0.016). While greater work complexity (Estimate = 0.92, p < 0.05) and higher income (Estimate = 1.03, p < 0.05) were related to better cognitive function at retirement, neither was significantly related to cognitive change after retirement. CONCLUSION Cognitive functioning may decline at an accelerated rate immediately post-retirement, more so in White adults and men than Black adults and women. Lifelong structural inequalities including occupational segregation and other social determinants of cognitive health may obscure the role of retirement in cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Andel
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
- Department of Neurology, Charles University, Second Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Britney M. Veal
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Virginia J. Howard
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Leslie A. MacDonald
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Suzanne E. Judd
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Michael Crowe
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL, United States
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45
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Moreno S, Rodrigues E, Farzan F. The theory of orchid and dandelion offers a new subtyping framework for cognitive aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:6627-6628. [PMID: 37517086 PMCID: PMC10415542 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Moreno
- School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Emma Rodrigues
- School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Faranak Farzan
- School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada
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46
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Kezios KL, Zimmerman SC, Zhang A, Calonico S, Jawadekar N, Glymour MM, Zeki Al Hazzouri A. Propensity Scores in Health Disparities Research: The Example of Cognitive Aging and the Hispanic Paradox. Epidemiology 2023; 34:495-504. [PMID: 36976729 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals of Mexican ancestry in the United States experience substantial socioeconomic disadvantages compared with non-Hispanic white individuals; however, some studies show these groups have similar dementia risk. Evaluating whether migration selection factors (e.g., education) associated with risk of Alzheimer disease and related dementia (ADRD) explain this paradoxical finding presents statistical challenges. Intercorrelation of risk factors, common with social determinants, could make certain covariate patterns very likely or unlikely to occur for particular groups, which complicates their comparison. Propensity score (PS) methods could be leveraged here to diagnose nonoverlap and help balance exposure groups. METHODS We compare conventional and PS-based methods to examine differences in cognitive trajectories between foreign-born Mexican American, US-born Mexican American, and US-born non-Hispanic white individuals in the Health and Retirement Study (1994-2018). We examined cognition using a global measure. We estimated trajectories of cognitive decline from linear mixed models adjusted for migration selection factors also associated with ADRD risk conventionally or with inverse probability weighting. We also employed PS trimming and match weighting. RESULTS In the full sample, where PS overlap was poor, unadjusted analyses showed both Mexican ancestry groups had worse baseline cognitive scores but similar or slower rates of decline compared with non-Hispanic white adults; adjusted findings were similar, regardless of method. Focusing analyses on populations where PS overlap was improved (PS trimming and match weighting) did not alter conclusions. CONCLUSIONS Attempting to equalize groups on migration selection and ADRD risk factors did not explain paradoxical findings for Mexican ancestry groups in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina L Kezios
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Scott C Zimmerman
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, CA
| | - Adina Zhang
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Sebastian Calonico
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Neal Jawadekar
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - M Maria Glymour
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, CA
| | - Adina Zeki Al Hazzouri
- From the Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
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47
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King D, Holt K, Toombs J, He X, Dando O, Okely JA, Tzioras M, Rose J, Gunn C, Correia A, Montero C, McAlister H, Tulloch J, Lamont D, Taylor AM, Harris SE, Redmond P, Cox SR, Henstridge CM, Deary IJ, Smith C, Spires-Jones TL. Synaptic resilience is associated with maintained cognition during ageing. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:2560-2574. [PMID: 36547260 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It remains unclear why age increases risk of Alzheimer's disease and why some people experience age-related cognitive decline in the absence of dementia. Here we test the hypothesis that resilience to molecular changes in synapses contribute to healthy cognitive ageing. METHODS We examined post-mortem brain tissue from people in mid-life (n = 15), healthy ageing with either maintained cognition (n = 9) or lifetime cognitive decline (n = 8), and Alzheimer's disease (n = 13). Synapses were examined with high resolution imaging, proteomics, and RNA sequencing. Stem cell-derived neurons were challenged with Alzheimer's brain homogenate. RESULTS Synaptic pathology increased, and expression of genes involved in synaptic signaling decreased between mid-life, healthy ageing and Alzheimer's. In contrast, brain tissue and neurons from people with maintained cognition during ageing exhibited decreases in synaptic signaling genes compared to people with cognitive decline. DISCUSSION Efficient synaptic networks without pathological protein accumulation may contribute to maintained cognition during ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan King
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kris Holt
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jamie Toombs
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Xin He
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Owen Dando
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Judith A Okely
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Makis Tzioras
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jamie Rose
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ciaran Gunn
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Adele Correia
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Carmen Montero
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hannah McAlister
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jane Tulloch
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Douglas Lamont
- FingerPrints Proteomics Facility, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Adele M Taylor
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sarah E Harris
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul Redmond
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simon R Cox
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Ian J Deary
- Lothian Birth Cohorts, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Colin Smith
- Neuropathology, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tara L Spires-Jones
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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48
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Gomez LM, Mitchell BL, McAloney K, Adsett J, Garden N, Wood M, Diaz-Torres S, Garcia-Marin LM, Breakspear M, Martin NG, Lupton MK. The Effect of Genetic Predisposition to Alzheimer's Disease and Related Traits on Recruitment Bias in a Study of Cognitive Aging. Twin Res Hum Genet 2023; 26:209-214. [PMID: 37476981 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2023.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The recruitment of participants for research studies may be subject to bias. The Prospective Imaging Study of Ageing (PISA) aims to characterize the phenotype and natural history of healthy adult Australians at high future risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Participants approached to take part in PISA were selected from existing cohort studies with available genomewide genetic data for both successfully and unsuccessfully recruited participants, allowing us to investigate the genetic contribution to voluntary recruitment, including the genetic predisposition to AD. We use a polygenic risk score (PRS) approach to test to what extent the genetic risk for AD, and related risk factors predict participation in PISA. We did not identify a significant association of genetic risk for AD with study participation, but we did identify significant associations with PRS for key causal risk factors for AD, IQ, household income and years of education. We also found that older and female participants were more likely to take part in the study. Our findings highlight the importance of considering bias in key risk factors for AD in the recruitment of individuals for cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina M Gomez
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Kerrie McAloney
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jessica Adsett
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Natalie Garden
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Madeline Wood
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Santiago Diaz-Torres
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Luis M Garcia-Marin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael Breakspear
- School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michelle K Lupton
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia
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49
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Coleman ME, Roessler MEH, Peng S, Roth AR, Risacher SL, Saykine AJ, Apostolova LG, Perry BL. Social enrichment on the job: Complex work with people improves episodic memory, promotes brain reserve, and reduces the risk of dementia. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:2655-2665. [PMID: 37037592 PMCID: PMC10272079 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Individuals with more complex jobs experience better cognitive function in old age and a lower risk of dementia, yet complexity has multiple dimensions. Drawing on the Social Networks in Alzheimer Disease study, we examine the association between occupational complexity and cognition in a sample of older adults (N = 355). A standard deviation (SD) increase in complex work with people is associated with a 9% to 12% reduction in the probability of mild cognitive impairment or dementia, a 0.14-0.19 SD increase in episodic memory, and a 0.18-0.25 SD increase in brain reserve, defined as the gap (residual) between global cognitive function and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicators of brain atrophy. In contrast, complexity with data or things is rarely associated with cognitive outcomes. We discuss the clinical and methodological implications of these findings, including the need to complement data-centered activities (e.g., Sudoku puzzles) with person-centered interventions that increase social complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max E. Coleman
- Department of Sociology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Sociology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Meghan E. H. Roessler
- Department of Sociology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Siyun Peng
- Department of Sociology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Adam R. Roth
- Department of Sociology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Shannon L. Risacher
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Andrew J. Saykine
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Liana G. Apostolova
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Departments of Neurology, Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Brea L. Perry
- Department of Sociology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
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50
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Künzi M, Sieber S, Joly-Burra E, Cullati S, Bauermeister S, Stringhini S, Draganski B, Ballhausen N, Kliegel M. Adversity specificity and life period exposure on cognitive aging. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8702. [PMID: 37248321 PMCID: PMC10227009 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35855-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This study set out to examine the role of different adversities experienced at different life course stages on cognitive aging (i.e., level and change). Data from the longitudinal study: Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) with the selection of participants over 60 years were used (N = 2662, Mdnage = 68, SDage = 5.39) in a Structural Equation Modeling. In early life, the experience of hunger predicted lower delayed recall (β = - 0.10, p < 0.001) and verbal fluency (β = - 0.06, p = 0.001) performance in older age, whereas financial hardship predicted lower verbal fluency (β = - 0.06, p = 0.005) performance and steeper decline in delayed recall (β = - 0.11, p < 0.001). In early adulthood, financial hardship and stress predicted better delayed recall (financial hardship: β = 0.08, p = 0.001; stress: β = 0.07, p = 0.003) and verbal fluency performance (financial hardship: β = 0.08, p = 0.001; stress β = 0.10, p < 0.001), but no adversities were associated with a change in cognitive performance. In middle adulthood, no adversities were associated with the level of cognitive performance, but financial hardship predicted lower decline in delayed recall (β = 0.07, p = 0.048). This study highlights the importance of disentangling the period effect from the specific effect of the adversity experienced in the association between adversity and cognition in older age. Moreover, differential results for delayed recall and verbal fluency measures suggest that it is also important to consider the cognitive outcome domains examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Künzi
- Dementias Platform UK, Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK.
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability (CIGEV), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
- LIVES, Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspective, Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - S Sieber
- LIVES, Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspective, Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E Joly-Burra
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability (CIGEV), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- LIVES, Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspective, Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
- Cognitive Aging Lab (CAL), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Cullati
- Population Health Laboratory (#PopHealthLab), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Readaptation and Geriatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Bauermeister
- Dementias Platform UK, Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
| | - S Stringhini
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - B Draganski
- Laboratory of Research in Neuroimaging (LREN), Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Neurology Department, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - N Ballhausen
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability (CIGEV), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - M Kliegel
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability (CIGEV), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- LIVES, Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspective, Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
- Cognitive Aging Lab (CAL), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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