1
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Fellows AD, Bruntraeger M, Burgold T, Bassett AR, Carter AP. Dynein and dynactin move long-range but are delivered separately to the axon tip. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202309084. [PMID: 38407313 PMCID: PMC10896695 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202309084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Axonal transport is essential for neuronal survival. This is driven by microtubule motors including dynein, which transports cargo from the axon tip back to the cell body. This function requires its cofactor dynactin and regulators LIS1 and NDEL1. Due to difficulties imaging dynein at a single-molecule level, it is unclear how this motor and its regulators coordinate transport along the length of the axon. Here, we use a neuron-inducible human stem cell line (NGN2-OPTi-OX) to endogenously tag dynein components and visualize them at a near-single molecule regime. In the retrograde direction, we find that dynein and dynactin can move the entire length of the axon (>500 µm). Furthermore, LIS1 and NDEL1 also undergo long-distance movement, despite being mainly implicated with the initiation of dynein transport. Intriguingly, in the anterograde direction, dynein/LIS1 moves faster than dynactin/NDEL1, consistent with transport on different cargos. Therefore, neurons ensure efficient transport by holding dynein/dynactin on cargos over long distances but keeping them separate until required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Fellows
- Division of Structural Studies, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Thomas Burgold
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | | | - Andrew P Carter
- Division of Structural Studies, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
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2
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Feole M, Pozo Devoto VM, Dragišić N, Arnaiz C, Bianchelli J, Texlová K, Kovačovicova K, Novotny JS, Havas D, Falzone TL, Stokin GB. Swedish Alzheimer's disease variant perturbs activity of retrograde molecular motors and causes widespread derangement of axonal transport pathways. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107137. [PMID: 38447793 PMCID: PMC10997842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Experimental studies in flies, mice, and humans suggest a significant role of impaired axonal transport in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The mechanisms underlying these impairments in axonal transport, however, remain poorly understood. Here we report that the Swedish familial AD mutation causes a standstill of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the axons at the expense of its reduced anterograde transport. The standstill reflects the perturbed directionality of the axonal transport of APP, which spends significantly more time traveling in the retrograde direction. This ineffective movement is accompanied by an enhanced association of dynactin-1 with APP, which suggests that reduced anterograde transport of APP is the result of enhanced activation of the retrograde molecular motor dynein by dynactin-1. The impact of the Swedish mutation on axonal transport is not limited to the APP vesicles since it also reverses the directionality of a subset of early endosomes, which become enlarged and aberrantly accumulate in distal locations. In addition, it also reduces the trafficking of lysosomes due to their less effective retrograde movement. Altogether, our experiments suggest a pivotal involvement of retrograde molecular motors and transport in the mechanisms underlying impaired axonal transport in AD and reveal significantly more widespread derangement of axonal transport pathways in the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Feole
- Translational Ageing and Neuroscience Program, Centre for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Centre, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Victorio M Pozo Devoto
- Translational Ageing and Neuroscience Program, Centre for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Centre, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Neda Dragišić
- Translational Ageing and Neuroscience Program, Centre for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Centre, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Cayetana Arnaiz
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA-CONICET-MPSP), Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julieta Bianchelli
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA-CONICET-MPSP), Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kateřina Texlová
- Translational Ageing and Neuroscience Program, Centre for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Centre, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; PsychoGenics, Paramus, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Jan S Novotny
- Translational Ageing and Neuroscience Program, Centre for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Centre, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Institute for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | | | - Tomas L Falzone
- Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires (IBioBA-CONICET-MPSP), Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia IBCN (UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gorazd B Stokin
- Translational Ageing and Neuroscience Program, Centre for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Centre, St Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Institute for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic; Division of Neurology, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Neurosciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
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3
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Tian W, Yao L, Shi G, Dai R, Cao L. A novel DCTN1 mutation causing perry syndrome leads to abnormal splicing of mRNA: genetic and functional analyses. Acta Neurol Belg 2024; 124:661-663. [PMID: 37668947 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-023-02368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wotu Tian
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, 234000, China
| | - Guochao Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ranran Dai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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4
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Singh K, Lau CK, Manigrasso G, Gama JB, Gassmann R, Carter AP. Molecular mechanism of dynein-dynactin complex assembly by LIS1. Science 2024; 383:eadk8544. [PMID: 38547289 PMCID: PMC7615804 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk8544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic dynein is a microtubule motor vital for cellular organization and division. It functions as a ~4-megadalton complex containing its cofactor dynactin and a cargo-specific coiled-coil adaptor. However, how dynein and dynactin recognize diverse adaptors, how they interact with each other during complex formation, and the role of critical regulators such as lissencephaly-1 (LIS1) protein (LIS1) remain unclear. In this study, we determined the cryo-electron microscopy structure of dynein-dynactin on microtubules with LIS1 and the lysosomal adaptor JIP3. This structure reveals the molecular basis of interactions occurring during dynein activation. We show how JIP3 activates dynein despite its atypical architecture. Unexpectedly, LIS1 binds dynactin's p150 subunit, tethering it along the length of dynein. Our data suggest that LIS1 and p150 constrain dynein-dynactin to ensure efficient complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashish Singh
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Ave, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Clinton K. Lau
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Ave, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Giulia Manigrasso
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Ave, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - José B. Gama
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – i3S / Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular – IBMC, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Reto Gassmann
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde – i3S / Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular – IBMC, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Andrew P. Carter
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Ave, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
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5
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Ueda T, Takeuchi T, Fujikake N, Suzuki M, Minakawa EN, Ueyama M, Fujino Y, Kimura N, Nagano S, Yokoseki A, Onodera O, Mochizuki H, Mizuno T, Wada K, Nagai Y. Dysregulation of stress granule dynamics by DCTN1 deficiency exacerbates TDP-43 pathology in Drosophila models of ALS/FTD. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2024; 12:20. [PMID: 38311779 PMCID: PMC10840176 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-024-01729-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The abnormal aggregation of TDP-43 into cytoplasmic inclusions in affected neurons is a major pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Although TDP-43 is aberrantly accumulated in the neurons of most patients with sporadic ALS/FTD and other TDP-43 proteinopathies, how TDP-43 forms cytoplasmic aggregates remains unknown. In this study, we show that a deficiency in DCTN1, a subunit of the microtubule-associated motor protein complex dynactin, perturbs the dynamics of stress granules and drives the formation of TDP-43 cytoplasmic aggregation in cultured cells, leading to the exacerbation of TDP-43 pathology and neurodegeneration in vivo. We demonstrated using a Drosophila model of ALS/FTD that genetic knockdown of DCTN1 accelerates the formation of ubiquitin-positive cytoplasmic inclusions of TDP-43. Knockdown of components of other microtubule-associated motor protein complexes, including dynein and kinesin, also increased the formation of TDP-43 inclusions, indicating that intracellular transport along microtubules plays a key role in TDP-43 pathology. Notably, DCTN1 knockdown delayed the disassembly of stress granules in stressed cells, leading to an increase in the formation of pathological cytoplasmic inclusions of TDP-43. Our results indicate that a deficiency in DCTN1, as well as disruption of intracellular transport along microtubules, is a modifier that drives the formation of TDP-43 pathology through the dysregulation of stress granule dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuhiro Ueda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-0841, Japan
| | - Toshihide Takeuchi
- Life Science Research Institute, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiro Fujikake
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Mari Suzuki
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Eiko N Minakawa
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Morio Ueyama
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Yuzo Fujino
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-0841, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Kimura
- Department of Veterinary Associated Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Ehime, 794-8555, Japan
| | - Seiichi Nagano
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akio Yokoseki
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Osamu Onodera
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8585, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshiki Mizuno
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-0841, Japan
| | - Keiji Wada
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nagai
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
- Life Science Research Institute, Kindai University, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan.
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Department of Degenerative Neurological Diseases, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan.
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6
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Jejina A, Ayala Y, Beuchle D, Höhener T, Dörig RE, Vazquez-Pianzola P, Hernández G, Suter B. Role of BicDR in bristle shaft construction and support of BicD functions. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261408. [PMID: 38264934 PMCID: PMC10917063 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell polarization requires asymmetric localization of numerous mRNAs, proteins and organelles. The movement of cargo towards the minus end of microtubules mostly depends on cytoplasmic dynein motors. In the dynein-dynactin-Bicaudal-D transport machinery, Bicaudal-D (BicD) links the cargo to the motor. Here, we focus on the role of Drosophila BicD-related (BicDR, CG32137) in the development of the long bristles. Together with BicD, it contributes to the organization and stability of the actin cytoskeleton in the not-yet-chitinized bristle shaft. BicD and BicDR also support the stable expression and distribution of Rab6 and Spn-F in the bristle shaft, including the distal tip localization of Spn-F, pointing to the role of microtubule-dependent vesicle trafficking for bristle construction. BicDR supports the function of BicD, and we discuss the hypothesis whereby BicDR might transport cargo more locally, with BicD transporting cargo over long distances, such as to the distal tip. We also identified embryonic proteins that interact with BicDR and appear to be BicDR cargo. For one of them, EF1γ (also known as eEF1γ), we show that the encoding gene EF1γ interacts with BicD and BicDR in the construction of the bristles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jejina
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yeniffer Ayala
- Laboratory of Translation and Cancer, Unit of Biomedical Research on Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologıá (INCan), 14080 Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dirk Beuchle
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Höhener
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ruth E. Dörig
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Greco Hernández
- Laboratory of Translation and Cancer, Unit of Biomedical Research on Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologıá (INCan), 14080 Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Beat Suter
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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7
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Fukui Y, Shirakawa H, Kaneko S, Nagayasu K. Wild-Type DCTN1 Suppresses the Aggregation of DCTN1 Mutants Associated with Perry Disease. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:253-258. [PMID: 38267040 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Perry disease, a rare autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by parkinsonism, depression or apathy, unexpected weight loss, and central hypoventilation. Genetic analyses have revealed a strong association between point mutations in the dynactin I gene (DCTN1) coding p150glued and Perry disease. Although previous reports have suggested a critical role of p150glued aggregation in Perry disease pathology, whether and how p150glued mutations affect protein aggregation is not fully understood. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the intracellular distribution of the p150glued mutants in HEK293T cells. We further assessed the effect of co-overexpression of the wild-type p150glued protein with mutants on the formation of mutant aggregates. Notably, overexpression of p150glued mutants identified in healthy controls, which is also associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, showed a thread-like cytoplasmic distribution, similar to the wild-type p150glued. In contrast, p150glued mutants in Perry disease and motor neuron disease caused aggregation. In addition, the co-overexpression of the wild-type protein with p150glued mutants in Perry disease suppressed aggregate formation. In contrast, the p150glued aggregation of motor neuron disease mutants was less affected by the wild-type p150glued. Further investigation of the mechanism of aggregate formation, contents of the aggregates, and biological mechanisms of Perry disease could help develop novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Fukui
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
| | - Hisashi Shirakawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
| | - Shuji Kaneko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
| | - Kazuki Nagayasu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
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8
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Cmentowski V, Ciossani G, d'Amico E, Wohlgemuth S, Owa M, Dynlacht B, Musacchio A. RZZ-Spindly and CENP-E form an integrated platform to recruit dynein to the kinetochore corona. EMBO J 2023; 42:e114838. [PMID: 37984321 PMCID: PMC10711656 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023114838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosome biorientation on the mitotic spindle is prerequisite to errorless genome inheritance. CENP-E (kinesin-7) and dynein-dynactin (DD), microtubule motors with opposite polarity, promote biorientation from the kinetochore corona, a polymeric structure whose assembly requires MPS1 kinase. The corona's building block consists of ROD, Zwilch, ZW10, and the DD adaptor Spindly (RZZS). How CENP-E and DD are scaffolded and mutually coordinated in the corona remains unclear. Here, we show that when corona assembly is prevented through MPS1 inhibition, CENP-E is absolutely required to retain RZZS at kinetochores. An RZZS phosphomimetic mutant bypasses this requirement, demonstrating the existence of a second receptor for polymeric RZZS. With active MPS1, CENP-E is dispensable for corona expansion, but strictly required for physiological kinetochore accumulation of DD. Thus, we identify the corona as an integrated scaffold where CENP-E kinesin controls DD kinetochore loading for coordinated bidirectional transport of chromosome cargo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Cmentowski
- Department of Mechanistic Cell BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDortmundGermany
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of BiologyUniversity Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Giuseppe Ciossani
- Department of Mechanistic Cell BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDortmundGermany
- Present address:
European Institute of OncologyMilanItaly
| | - Ennio d'Amico
- Department of Mechanistic Cell BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDortmundGermany
- Present address:
Division of Structural StudiesMRC Laboratory of Molecular BiologyCambridgeUK
| | - Sabine Wohlgemuth
- Department of Mechanistic Cell BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDortmundGermany
| | - Mikito Owa
- Department of PathologyNew York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Brian Dynlacht
- Department of PathologyNew York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Andrea Musacchio
- Department of Mechanistic Cell BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyDortmundGermany
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of BiologyUniversity Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
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9
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Garrott SR, Gillies JP, Siva A, Little SR, El Jbeily R, DeSantis ME. Ndel1 disfavors dynein-dynactin-adaptor complex formation in two distinct ways. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104735. [PMID: 37086789 PMCID: PMC10248797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynein is the primary minus-end-directed microtubule motor protein. To achieve activation, dynein binds to the dynactin complex and an adaptor to form the "activated dynein complex." The protein Lis1 aids activation by binding to dynein and promoting its association with dynactin and the adaptor. Ndel1 and its paralog Nde1 are dynein- and Lis1-binding proteins that help control dynein localization within the cell. Cell-based assays suggest that Ndel1-Nde1 also work with Lis1 to promote dynein activation, although the underlying mechanism is unclear. Using purified proteins and quantitative binding assays, here we found that the C-terminal region of Ndel1 contributes to dynein binding and negatively regulates binding to Lis1. Using single-molecule imaging and protein biochemistry, we observed that Ndel1 inhibits dynein activation in two distinct ways. First, Ndel1 disfavors the formation of the activated dynein complex. We found that phosphomimetic mutations in the C-terminal domain of Ndel1 increase its ability to inhibit dynein-dynactin-adaptor complex formation. Second, we observed that Ndel1 interacts with dynein and Lis1 simultaneously and sequesters Lis1 away from its dynein-binding site. In doing this, Ndel1 prevents Lis1-mediated dynein activation. Together, our work suggests that in vitro, Ndel1 is a negative regulator of dynein activation, which contrasts with cellular studies where Ndel1 promotes dynein activity. To reconcile our findings with previous work, we posit that Ndel1 functions to scaffold dynein and Lis1 together while keeping dynein in an inhibited state. We speculate that Ndel1 release can be triggered in cellular settings to allow for timed dynein activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon R Garrott
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - John P Gillies
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Aravintha Siva
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Saffron R Little
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rita El Jbeily
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Morgan E DeSantis
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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10
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Garner KE, Salter A, Lau CK, Gurusaran M, Villemant CM, Granger EP, McNee G, Woodman PG, Davies OR, Burke BE, Allan VJ. The meiotic LINC complex component KASH5 is an activating adaptor for cytoplasmic dynein. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202204042. [PMID: 36946995 PMCID: PMC10071310 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202204042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic dynein-driven movement of chromosomes during prophase I of mammalian meiosis is essential for synapsis and genetic exchange. Dynein connects to chromosome telomeres via KASH5 and SUN1 or SUN2, which together span the nuclear envelope. Here, we show that KASH5 promotes dynein motility in vitro, and cytosolic KASH5 inhibits dynein's interphase functions. KASH5 interacts with a dynein light intermediate chain (DYNC1LI1 or DYNC1LI2) via a conserved helix in the LIC C-terminal, and this region is also needed for dynein's recruitment to other cellular membranes. KASH5's N-terminal EF-hands are essential as the interaction with dynein is disrupted by mutation of key calcium-binding residues, although it is not regulated by cellular calcium levels. Dynein can be recruited to KASH5 at the nuclear envelope independently of dynactin, while LIS1 is essential for dynactin incorporation into the KASH5-dynein complex. Altogether, we show that the transmembrane protein KASH5 is an activating adaptor for dynein and shed light on the hierarchy of assembly of KASH5-dynein-dynactin complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten E.L. Garner
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anna Salter
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- A*STAR Institute of Medical Biology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Clinton K. Lau
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Manickam Gurusaran
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cécile M. Villemant
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Elizabeth P. Granger
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Gavin McNee
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Philip G. Woodman
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Owen R. Davies
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Brian E. Burke
- A*STAR Institute of Medical Biology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Victoria J. Allan
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- A*STAR Institute of Medical Biology, Singapore, Singapore
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11
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Pan X, Hong Q, Lu X, Li Z, Wang L, Chen W, Pan S. A Chinese pedigree with Perry disease caused by the p.Y78H mutation in DCTN1: A 6-year clinical follow-up. Behav Brain Res 2023; 441:114284. [PMID: 36608707 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Perry disease is a rare autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder with core features of parkinsonism, depression, apathy, weight loss, and central hyperventilation. To date, few cases of Perry disease have been reported worldwide, and they are all due to mutations in the DCTN1 gene. We report a case of a Chinese pedigree. METHODS Clinical information was collected from a Chinese pedigree. Brain magnetic resonance imaging, pulmonary function tests, and arterial blood gas analysis were performed on both the proband and his youngest aunt. Genomic DNA from the proband's aunt was analyzed using whole-exome sequencing to detect genetic mutations. RESULTS The family displayed an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, and we identified a p.Y78H mutation in DCTN1. After 6 years of follow-up, the proband exhibited mood-related "on-off" phenomena, weight gain, and used a CPAP ventilator at night. The proband's aunt presented with weight loss and respiratory failure four years after disease onset. CONCLUSION This study reports a Chinese family with Perry disease. The mutation of DCTN1 in this family is p.Y78H. We share the findings in this family, hoping to increase our understanding of Perry disease in clinical work. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyuan Pan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Hong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xucong Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengzheng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Luxi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weian Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Sipei Pan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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12
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Yamada H, Neshige S, Morino H, Maruyama H. Extubation failure due to atypical parkinsonism with negligible motor and variable non-motor symptoms associated with a variant of DCTN1. Intern Emerg Med 2023; 18:329-331. [PMID: 36504048 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-022-03105-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hidetada Yamada
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Minami-ku Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Neshige
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Minami-ku Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Morino
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Minami-ku Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Maruyama
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Minami-ku Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
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13
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Alexander GM, Heiman-Patterson TD, Bearoff F, Sher RB, Hennessy L, Terek S, Caccavo N, Cox GA, Philip VM, Blankenhorn EA. Identification of quantitative trait loci for survival in the mutant dynactin p150Glued mouse model of motor neuron disease. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274615. [PMID: 36107978 PMCID: PMC9477371 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common degenerative motor neuron disorder. Although most cases of ALS are sporadic, 5-10% of cases are familial, with mutations associated with over 40 genes. There is variation of ALS symptoms within families carrying the same mutation; the disease may develop in one sibling and not in another despite the presence of the mutation in both. Although the cause of this phenotypic variation is unknown, it is likely related to genetic modifiers of disease expression. The identification of ALS causing genes has led to the development of transgenic mouse models of motor neuron disease. Similar to families with familial ALS, there are background-dependent differences in disease phenotype in transgenic mouse models of ALS suggesting that, as in human ALS, differences in phenotype may be ascribed to genetic modifiers. These genetic modifiers may not cause ALS rather their expression either exacerbates or ameliorates the effect of the mutant ALS causing genes. We have reported that in both the G93A-hSOD1 and G59S-hDCTN1 mouse models, SJL mice demonstrated a more severe phenotype than C57BL6 mice. From reciprocal intercrosses between G93A-hSOD1 transgenic mice on SJL and C57BL6 strains, we identified a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) on mouse chromosome 17 that results in a significant shift in lifespan. In this study we generated reciprocal intercrosses between transgenic G59S-hDCTN1 mice on SJL and C57BL6 strains and identified survival QTLs on mouse chromosomes 17 and 18. The chromosome 17 survival QTL on G93A-hSOD1 and G59S-hDCTN1 mice partly overlap, suggesting that the genetic modifiers located in this region may be shared by these two ALS models despite the fact that motor neuron degeneration is caused by mutations in different proteins. The overlapping region contains eighty-seven genes with non-synonymous variations predicted to be deleterious and/or damaging. Two genes in this segment, NOTCH3 and Safb/SAFB1, have been associated with motor neuron disease. The identification of genetic modifiers of motor neuron disease, especially those modifiers that are shared by SOD1 and dynactin-1 transgenic mice, may result in the identification of novel targets for therapies that can alter the course of this devastating illness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Terry D. Heiman-Patterson
- Department of Neurology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Frank Bearoff
- Department of Microbiology Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Roger B. Sher
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Laura Hennessy
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Shannon Terek
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Nicole Caccavo
- Department of Neurology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine of Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Gregory A. Cox
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
| | - Vivek M. Philip
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A. Blankenhorn
- Department of Microbiology Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Vallin J, Grantham J. Functional assessment of the V390F mutation in the CCTδ subunit of chaperonin containing tailless complex polypeptide 1. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:955-964. [PMID: 34655026 PMCID: PMC8578507 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-021-01237-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The chaperonin containing tailless complex polypeptide 1 (CCT) is a multi-subunit molecular chaperone. It is found in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells, where the oligomeric form plays an essential role in the folding of predominantly the cytoskeletal proteins actin and tubulin. Both the CCT oligomer and monomeric subunits also display functions that extend beyond folding, which are often associated with microtubules and actin filaments. Here, we assess the functional significance of the CCTδ V390F mutation, reported in several cancer cell lines. Upon transfection into B16F1 mouse melanoma cells, GFP-CCTδV390F incorporates into the CCT oligomer more readily than GFP-CCTδ. Furthermore, unlike GFP-CCTδ, GFP-CCTδV390F does not interact with the dynactin complex component, p150Glued. As CCTδ has previously been implicated in altered migration in wound healing assays, we assessed the behaviour of GFP-CCTδV390F and other mutants of CCTδ, previously used to assess functional interactions with p150Glued, in chemotaxis assays. We developed the assay system to incorporate a layer of the inert hydrogel GrowDex® to provide a 3D matrix for chemotaxis assessment and found subtle differences in the migration of B16F1 cells, depending on the presence of the hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Vallin
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julie Grantham
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is an atypical parkinsonism with prominent 4R-tau neuropathology, and the classical clinical phenotype is characterized by vertical supranuclear gaze palsy, unprovoked falls, akinetic-rigid syndrome and cognitive decline. Though PSP is generally regarded as sporadic, there is increasing evidence suggesting that a series of common and rare genetic variants impact on sporadic and familial forms of PSP. To date, more than 10 genes have been reported to show a potential association with PSP. Among these genes, the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) is the risk locus with the strongest effect size on sporadic PSP in the case-control genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Additionally, MAPT mutations are the most common cause of familial PSP while the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a rare monogenic cause of PSP, and several other gene mutations may mimic the PSP phenotype, like the dynactin subunit 1 (DCTN1). In total, 15 MAPT mutations have been identified in cases with PSP, and the mean age at onset is much earlier than in cases carrying LRRK2 or DCTN1 mutations. GWAS have further identified several risk loci of PSP, proposing molecular pathways related to PSP. The present review focused on genetic studies on PSP and summarized genetic factors of PSP, which may help to elucidate the underlying pathogenesis and provide new perspectives for therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Wen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yafang Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Bin Jiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
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Goh XN, Seng MSF, Loh AHP, Gupta A, Chang KTE, Iyer P. Larotrectinib followed by selitrectinib in a novel DCTN1-NTRK1 fusion undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2020; 27:485-489. [PMID: 32693686 DOI: 10.1177/1078155220938849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase fusions cause overexpression or activation of kinase and are believed to confer oncogenic potential in some non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas. TRK inhibitors have recently been shown to induce responses in these tumours though current experience with these agents is still limited. CASE REPORT We report a case of an adolescent with treatment-refractory non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas, carrying a novel DCTN1-NTRK1 gene fusion whose progressive disease was treated with multi-kinase and TRK inhibitors.Management and outcome: Our patient was started on pan-TRK inhibitor larotrectinib, as his disease progressed after chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery, based on next-generation sequencing test showing DCTN1-NTRK1 gene fusion. He responded quickly to larotrectinib with the improvement of symptoms and reduction of masses. However, this response was short-lived due to the development of acquired solvent front resistance mutation. This patient did not respond to next-generation TRK inhibitor selitrectinib and eventually succumbed to his disease. DISCUSSION The initial rapid and drastic response of our patient to larotrectinib was not sustained due to the development of acquired resistance. This case emphasizes the need for upfront and periodic next-generation sequencing testing to guide treatment of patients with refractory non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Na Goh
- Department of Pharmacy, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michaela Su-Fern Seng
- Department of Paediatric Subspecialties, Haematology-Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amos Hong Pheng Loh
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Achint Gupta
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Tou En Chang
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Prasad Iyer
- Department of Paediatric Subspecialties, Haematology-Oncology Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Tacik P, Wszolek ZK. Perry syndrome: a case of atypical parkinsonism with confirmed DCTN1 mutation: a response. N Z Med J 2020; 133:84-85. [PMID: 32683437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Tacik
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn Medical Center, Germany
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McManus EJ, Poke G, Phillips MC, Asztely F. Perry syndrome: a case of atypical parkinsonism with confirmed DCTN1 mutation. N Z Med J 2020; 133:116-118. [PMID: 32325477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Perry syndrome is a rare neurological condition characterised clinically by depression, sleep disturbance, central hypoventilation and parkinsonism. Perry syndrome is a TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) proteinopathy associated with mutated dynactin-1 protein, inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Several pathogenic mutations in exon 2 in the dynactin 1 gene have been identified; p. F521, p. G67d, p. G71R, p. G71E, p. G71A, p. T72p, p. Q74p and p. Y78C. We present the second known case Perry syndrome with confirmed DCTN1 mutation (p. Y78C) in New Zealand, who initially was thought to have a depressive illness. Perry syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of young parkinsonism, especially if there is family history of sleep disorders, weight loss and/or marked depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen J McManus
- Basic Trainee/Neurology Registrar, Waikato General Hospital, Hamilton, Waikato
| | - Gemma Poke
- Clinical Geneticist, Capital & Coast District Health
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Sladewski TE, Billington N, Ali MY, Bookwalter CS, Lu H, Krementsova EB, Schroer TA, Trybus KM. Recruitment of two dyneins to an mRNA-dependent Bicaudal D transport complex. eLife 2018; 7:e36306. [PMID: 29944116 PMCID: PMC6056235 DOI: 10.7554/elife.36306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the role of full-length Drosophila Bicaudal D (BicD) binding partners in dynein-dynactin activation for mRNA transport on microtubules. Full-length BicD robustly activated dynein-dynactin motility only when both the mRNA binding protein Egalitarian (Egl) and K10 mRNA cargo were present, and electron microscopy showed that both Egl and mRNA were needed to disrupt a looped, auto-inhibited BicD conformation. BicD can recruit two dimeric dyneins, resulting in faster speeds and longer runs than with one dynein. Moving complexes predominantly contained two Egl molecules and one K10 mRNA. This mRNA-bound configuration makes Egl bivalent, likely enhancing its avidity for BicD and thus its ability to disrupt BicD auto-inhibition. Consistent with this idea, artificially dimerized Egl activates dynein-dynactin-BicD in the absence of mRNA. The ability of mRNA cargo to orchestrate the activation of the mRNP (messenger ribonucleotide protein) complex is an elegant way to ensure that only cargo-bound motors are motile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Sladewski
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of VermontBurlingtonUnited States
| | - Neil Billington
- Laboratory of PhysiologyNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaUnited States
| | - M Yusuf Ali
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of VermontBurlingtonUnited States
| | - Carol S Bookwalter
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of VermontBurlingtonUnited States
| | - Hailong Lu
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of VermontBurlingtonUnited States
| | - Elena B Krementsova
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of VermontBurlingtonUnited States
| | - Trina A Schroer
- Department of BiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreUnited States
| | - Kathleen M Trybus
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsUniversity of VermontBurlingtonUnited States
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Wang Q, Wang X, Liang Q, Wang S, Liao X, Li D, Pan F. Prognostic Value of Dynactin mRNA Expression in Cutaneous Melanoma. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:3752-3763. [PMID: 29864111 PMCID: PMC6016438 DOI: 10.12659/msm.910566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dynactin (DCTN) is a multi-subunit protein encoded by DCTN genes for 6 subunits. In different diseases the DCTN genes may have different roles; therefore, we investigated the prognostic potential of DCTN mRNA expression in cutaneous melanoma (CM). MATERIAL AND METHODS Data for DCTN mRNA expression in CM patients were obtained from the OncoLnc database, which contains updated gene expression data for 459 CM patients based on the Cancer Genome Atlas. Kaplan-Meier analysis and a Cox regression model were used to determine overall survival (OS) with calculation of hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS The multivariate survival analysis showed that individually low expression of DCTN1, DCTN2, and DCTN5 and high expression of DCTN6 were associated with favorable OS (adjusted P=0.008, HR=0.676, 95% CI=0.506-0.903; adjusted P=0.004, HR=0.648, 95% CI=0.485-0.867; adjusted P=0.011, HR=0.686, 95% CI=0.514-0.916; and adjusted P=0.018, HR=0.706, 95% CI=0.530-0.942, respectively). In a joint-effects analysis, combinations of low expression of DCTN1, DCTN2, and DCTN5 and high expression of DCTN6 were found to be more highly correlated with favorable OS (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that downregulated DCTN1, DCTN2, and DCTN5 and upregulated DCTN6 mRNA expression in CM are associated with favorable prognosis and may represent potential prognostic biomarkers. Moreover, use of the 4 genes in combination can improve the sensitivity for predicting OS in CM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqi Wang
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiangkun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Qian Liang
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xiwen Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Fuqiang Pan
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
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Wei M, Xu WT, Li KM, Chen YD, Wang L, Meng L, Zhao FZ, Chen SL. Cloning, characterization and functional analysis of dctn5 in immune response of Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2018; 77:392-401. [PMID: 29635065 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, microtubule-dependent trafficking could participate the immune response, where the motor proteins are suggested to play an important role in this process, while the related study in fish was rare. In this study, dctn5, a subunit of dyactin complex for docking motor protein, was obtained by previous immune QTL screening. The full-length cDNAs of two dctn5 transcript variants were cloned and identified (named dctn5_tv1 and dctn5_tv2, respectively). Tissue distribution showed that dctn5_tv1 was widely distributed and high transcription was observed in immune tissue (skin), while dctn5_tv2 was predominantly detected in gonad and very low in other tissues. Time-course expression analysis revealed that dctn5_tv1 could be up-regulated in gill, intestine, skin, spleen, and kidney after Vibrio harveyi challenge. Moreover, recombinant Dctn5_tv1 exhibited high antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Streptococcus agalactiae due to binding to bacteria cells. Taken together, these data suggest Dctn5_tv1 is involved in immune response of bacterial invasion in Chinese tongue sole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wei
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology/College of Marine Science and Fisheries, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Wen-Teng Xu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Kun-Ming Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Dong Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Liang Meng
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Fa-Zhen Zhao
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Song-Lin Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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Mishima T, Deshimaru M, Watanabe T, Kubota K, Kinoshita-Kawada M, Yuasa-Kawada J, Takasaki K, Uehara Y, Jinno S, Iwasaki K, Tsuboi Y. Behavioral defects in a DCTN1 G71A transgenic mouse model of Perry syndrome. Neurosci Lett 2017; 666:98-103. [PMID: 29273399 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Perry syndrome is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by parkinsonism, depression/apathy, weight loss, and central hypoventilation. Our previously-conducted genome-wide association scan and subsequent studies identified nine mutations in DCTN1, the largest protein subunit of the dynactin complex, in patients with Perry syndrome. These included G71A in the microtubule-binding cytoskeleton-associated protein Gly-rich domain of p150Glued. The dynactin complex is essential for function of the microtubule-based cytoplasmic retrograde motor dynein. To test the hypothesis that the G71A mutation in the DCTN1 gene is sufficient to cause Perry syndrome, we generated DCTN1G71A transgenic mice. These mice initially developed normally, but young animals showed decreased exploratory activity and aged animals showed impaired motor coordination. These behavioral defects parallel apathy-like symptoms and parkinsonism encountered in Perry syndrome. TDP-43 aggregates were not detected in the substantia nigra and cerebral cortex of the transgenic mice, although pathological aggregates of TDP-43 have been considered a major neuropathological feature of Perry syndrome. Our study reveals that a single mutation in the DCTN1 gene recapitulates symptoms of Perry syndrome patients, and provides evidence that DCTN1G71A transgenic mice represent a novel rodent model of Perry syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayasu Mishima
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Manami Deshimaru
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Takuya Watanabe
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kaori Kubota
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | | | - Junichi Yuasa-Kawada
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kotaro Takasaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo 164-8530, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Uehara
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shozo Jinno
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Katsunori Iwasaki
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yoshio Tsuboi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
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23
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Liu X, Yang L, Tang L, Chen L, Liu X, Fan D. DCTN1 gene analysis in Chinese patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182572. [PMID: 28792508 PMCID: PMC5549744 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder. Missense mutations of DCTN1 have been identified as a possible genetic risk factor for ALS. Here, we tested the DCTN1 protein-coding exons in 510 sporadic ALS patients in whom SOD1, TARDBP, FUS, and C9orf72 genes were screened before. Polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing were used for mutation discovery. The results revealed two rare heterozygous missense variants, c.1867C>T (p.R623W) and c.2798C>T (p.A933V). These two patients exhibited spinal disease onset without cognitive impairment, and their onset age and diagnosis delay was within the average range of Chinese ALS patients. Our results suggested that variants in DCTN1 are not common risk factors for Chinese sporadic ALS and that the frequency of variants of unknown significance in the cohort study was 0.39%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lipeng Yang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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24
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Hayashi S, Uehara DT, Tanimoto K, Mizuno S, Chinen Y, Fukumura S, Takanashi JI, Osaka H, Okamoto N, Inazawa J. Comprehensive investigation of CASK mutations and other genetic etiologies in 41 patients with intellectual disability and microcephaly with pontine and cerebellar hypoplasia (MICPCH). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181791. [PMID: 28783747 PMCID: PMC5546575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The CASK gene (Xp11.4) is highly expressed in the mammalian nervous system and plays several roles in neural development and synaptic function. Loss-of-function mutations of CASK are associated with intellectual disability and microcephaly with pontine and cerebellar hypoplasia (MICPCH), especially in females. Here, we present a comprehensive investigation of 41 MICPCH patients, analyzed by mutational search of CASK and screening of candidate genes using an SNP array, targeted resequencing and whole-exome sequencing (WES). In total, we identified causative or candidate genomic aberrations in 37 of the 41 cases (90.2%). CASK aberrations including a rare mosaic mutation in a male patient, were found in 32 cases, and a mutation in ITPR1, another known gene in which mutations are causative for MICPCH, was found in one case. We also found aberrations involving genes other than CASK, such as HDAC2, MARCKS, and possibly HS3ST5, which may be associated with MICPCH. Moreover, the targeted resequencing screening detected heterozygous variants in RELN in two cases, of uncertain pathogenicity, and WES analysis suggested that concurrent mutations of both DYNC1H1 and DCTN1 in one case could lead to MICPCH. Our results not only identified the etiology of MICPCH in nearly all the investigated patients but also suggest that MICPCH is a genetically heterogeneous condition, in which CASK inactivating mutations appear to account for the majority of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Hayashi
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Hard Tissue Genome Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Neurobiology and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SH); (JI)
| | - Daniela Tiaki Uehara
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kousuke Tanimoto
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Genome Laboratory, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Mizuno
- Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital, Aichi Human Service Center, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Yasutsugu Chinen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Shinobu Fukumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Takanashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, Yachiyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Johji Inazawa
- Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute and Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Hard Tissue Genome Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Bioresource Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (SH); (JI)
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25
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Wang IH, Burckhardt CJ, Yakimovich A, Morf MK, Greber UF. The nuclear export factor CRM1 controls juxta-nuclear microtubule-dependent virus transport. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:2185-2195. [PMID: 28515232 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.203794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Transport of large cargo through the cytoplasm requires motor proteins and polarized filaments. Viruses that replicate in the nucleus of post-mitotic cells use microtubules and the dynein-dynactin motor to traffic to the nuclear membrane and deliver their genome through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) into the nucleus. How virus particles (virions) or cellular cargo are transferred from microtubules to the NPC is unknown. Here, we analyzed trafficking of incoming cytoplasmic adenoviruses by single-particle tracking and super-resolution microscopy. We provide evidence for a regulatory role of CRM1 (chromosome-region-maintenance-1; also known as XPO1, exportin-1) in juxta-nuclear microtubule-dependent adenovirus transport. Leptomycin B (LMB) abolishes nuclear targeting of adenovirus. It binds to CRM1, precludes CRM1-cargo binding and blocks signal-dependent nuclear export. LMB-inhibited CRM1 did not compete with adenovirus for binding to the nucleoporin Nup214 at the NPC. Instead, CRM1 inhibition selectively enhanced virion association with microtubules, and boosted virion motions on microtubules less than ∼2 µm from the nuclear membrane. The data show that the nucleus provides positional information for incoming virions to detach from microtubules, engage a slower microtubule-independent motility to the NPC and enhance infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Hsuan Wang
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph J Burckhardt
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Artur Yakimovich
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias K Morf
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Molecular Life Sciences Graduate School, ETH and University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs F Greber
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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26
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Barbosa DJ, Duro J, Prevo B, Cheerambathur DK, Carvalho AX, Gassmann R. Dynactin binding to tyrosinated microtubules promotes centrosome centration in C. elegans by enhancing dynein-mediated organelle transport. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006941. [PMID: 28759579 PMCID: PMC5552355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The microtubule-based motor dynein generates pulling forces for centrosome centration and mitotic spindle positioning in animal cells. How the essential dynein activator dynactin regulates these functions of the motor is incompletely understood. Here, we dissect the role of dynactin's microtubule binding activity, located in the p150 CAP-Gly domain and an adjacent basic patch, in the C. elegans zygote. Analysis of p150 mutants engineered by genome editing suggests that microtubule tip tracking of dynein-dynactin is dispensable for targeting the motor to the cell cortex and for generating robust cortical pulling forces. Instead, mutations in p150's CAP-Gly domain inhibit cytoplasmic pulling forces responsible for centration of centrosomes and attached pronuclei. The centration defects are mimicked by mutations of α-tubulin's C-terminal tyrosine, and both p150 CAP-Gly and tubulin tyrosine mutants decrease the frequency of early endosome transport from the cell periphery towards centrosomes during centration. Our results suggest that p150 GAP-Gly domain binding to tyrosinated microtubules promotes initiation of dynein-mediated organelle transport in the dividing one-cell embryo, and that this function of p150 is critical for generating cytoplasmic pulling forces for centrosome centration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Barbosa
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Duro
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bram Prevo
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research/Dept of Cellular & Molecular Medicine UCSD, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Dhanya K. Cheerambathur
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research/Dept of Cellular & Molecular Medicine UCSD, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Ana X. Carvalho
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Reto Gassmann
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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27
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Holt DE, Brown DC, Henthorn PS. Evaluation of the dynactin 1 gene in Leonbergers and Labrador Retrievers with laryngeal paralysis. Am J Vet Res 2017; 77:1114-20. [PMID: 27668583 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.77.10.1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To sequence exons and splice consensus sites of the dynactin subunit 1 (DCTN1) gene in Leonbergers and Labrador Retrievers with clinical laryngeal paralysis. ANIMALS 5 unrelated Leonbergers with laryngeal paralysis, 2 clinically normal Leonbergers, 7 unrelated Labrador Retrievers with laryngeal paralysis, and 2 clinically normal Labrador Retrievers. PROCEDURES Primers were designed for the entire coding regions of the DCTN1 gene, a noncoding exon at the 5´ end of the gene, and a 900-bp single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-rich region located 17 kb upstream of the DCTN1 gene by use of the CanFam3 assembly of the canine genome sequence. Sequences were generated and compared between clinically normal and affected dogs. The SNPs flanking the DCTN1 gene as well as a previously identified nonsynonymous SNP in exon 32 were genotyped in affected and clinically normal Leonbergers and Labrador Retrievers. RESULTS None of the affected dogs were homozygous for any mutation affecting coding regions or splicing consensus sequences. Of the 16 dogs tested for the missense SNP in exon 32, all were homozygous for the reference allele, except for 2 affected and 1 clinically normal Labrador Retriever and 1 clinically normal Leonberger. The DCTN1 gene sequences (5 dogs) and haplotypes of polymorphic markers surrounding the DCTN1 gene (all dogs) were not consistent with the hypothesis that laryngeal paralysis was associated with inheritance of the same DCTN1 disease-causing allele within all Labrador Retrievers or Leonbergers evaluated. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Mutations in the DCTN1 gene did not appear to cause laryngeal paralysis in Leonbergers or Labrador Retrievers.
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28
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Nam SH, Hong YB, Hyun YS, Nam DE, Kwak G, Hwang SH, Choi BO, Chung KW. Identification of Genetic Causes of Inherited Peripheral Neuropathies by Targeted Gene Panel Sequencing. Mol Cells 2016; 39:382-8. [PMID: 27025386 PMCID: PMC4870185 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.2288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited peripheral neuropathies (IPN), which are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous peripheral nerve disorders including Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), exhibit progressive degeneration of muscles in the extremities and loss of sensory function. Over 70 genes have been reported as genetic causatives and the number is still growing. We prepared a targeted gene panel for IPN diagnosis based on next generation sequencing (NGS). The gene panel was designed to detect mutations in 73 genes reported to be genetic causes of IPN or related peripheral neuropathies, and to detect duplication of the chromosome 17p12 region, the major genetic cause of CMT1A. We applied the gene panel to 115 samples from 63 non-CMT1A families, and isolated 15 pathogenic or likely-pathogenic mutations in eight genes from 25 patients (17 families). Of them, eight mutations were unreported variants. Of particular interest, this study revealed several very rare mutations in the SPTLC2, DCTN1, and MARS genes. In addition, the effectiveness of the detection of CMT1A was confirmed by comparing five 17p12-nonduplicated controls and 15 CMT1A cases. In conclusion, we developed a gene panel for one step genetic diagnosis of IPN. It seems that its time- and cost-effectiveness are superior to previous tiered-genetic diagnosis algorithms, and it could be applied as a genetic diagnostic system for inherited peripheral neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyun Nam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588,
Korea
| | - Young Bin Hong
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Center and Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351,
Korea
| | - Young Se Hyun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588,
Korea
| | - Da Eun Nam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588,
Korea
| | - Geon Kwak
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351,
Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Tech., Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351,
Korea
| | - Sun Hee Hwang
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351,
Korea
| | - Byung-Ok Choi
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Center and Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351,
Korea
- Department of Neurology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351,
Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Tech., Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351,
Korea
| | - Ki Wha Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588,
Korea
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