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Meng C, Gu C, He S, Su T, Lhamo T, Draga D, Qiu Q. Pyroptosis in the Retinal Neurovascular Unit: New Insights Into Diabetic Retinopathy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:763092. [PMID: 34737754 PMCID: PMC8560732 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.763092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is prevalent among people with long-term diabetes mellitus (DM) and remains the leading cause of visual impairment in working-aged people. DR is related to chronic low-level inflammatory reactions. Pyroptosis is an emerging type of inflammatory cell death mediated by gasdermin D (GSDMD), NOD-like receptors and inflammatory caspases that promote interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 release. In addition, the retinal neurovascular unit (NVU) is the functional basis of the retina. Recent studies have shown that pyroptosis may participate in the destruction of retinal NVU cells in simulated hyperglycemic DR environments. In this review, we will clarify the importance of pyroptosis in the retinal NVU during the development of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunren Meng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Chufeng Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Thashi Lhamo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shigatse People’s Hospital, Shigatse, China
| | - Deji Draga
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shigatse People’s Hospital, Shigatse, China
| | - Qinghua Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shigatse People’s Hospital, Shigatse, China
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Xing J, Zhou X, Fang M, Zhang E, Minze LJ, Zhang Z. DHX15 is required to control RNA virus-induced intestinal inflammation. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109205. [PMID: 34161762 PMCID: PMC8276442 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA helicases play critical roles in various biological processes, including serving as viral RNA sensors in innate immunity. Here, we find that RNA helicase DEAH-box helicase 15 (DHX15) is essential for type I interferon (IFN-I, IFN-β), type III IFN (IFN-λ3), and inflammasome-derived cytokine IL-18 production by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) in response to poly I:C and RNA viruses with preference of enteric RNA viruses, but not DNA virus. Importantly, we generate IEC-specific Dhx15-knockout mice and demonstrate that DHX15 is required for controlling intestinal inflammation induced by enteric RNA virus rotavirus in suckling mice and reovirus in adult mice in vivo, which owes to impaired IFN-β, IFN-λ3, and IL-18 production in IECs from Dhx15-deficient mice. Mechanistically, DHX15 interacts with NLRP6 to trigger NLRP6 inflammasome assembly and activation for inducing IL-18 secretion in IECs. Collectively, our report reveals critical roles for DHX15 in sensing enteric RNA viruses in IECs and controlling intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Xing
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaojing Zhou
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Clinical Medical College, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Mingli Fang
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Evan Zhang
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Laurie J Minze
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Immunobiology and Transplant Science Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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3
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Zhang R, Wang C, Guan Y, Wei X, Sha M, Yi M, Jing M, Lv M, Guo W, Xu J, Wan Y, Jia XM, Jiang Z. Manganese salts function as potent adjuvants. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:1222-1234. [PMID: 33767434 PMCID: PMC8093200 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00669-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum-containing adjuvants have been used for nearly 100 years to enhance immune responses in billions of doses of vaccines. To date, only a few adjuvants have been approved for use in humans, among which aluminum-containing adjuvants are the only ones widely used. However, the medical need for potent and safe adjuvants is currently continuously increasing, especially those triggering cellular immune responses for cytotoxic T lymphocyte activation, which are urgently needed for the development of efficient virus and cancer vaccines. Manganese is an essential micronutrient required for diverse biological activities, but its functions in immunity remain undefined. We previously reported that Mn2+ is important in the host defense against cytosolic dsDNA by facilitating cGAS-STING activation and that Mn2+ alone directly activates cGAS independent of dsDNA, leading to an unconventional catalytic synthesis of 2'3'-cGAMP. Herein, we found that Mn2+ strongly promoted immune responses by facilitating antigen uptake, presentation, and germinal center formation via both cGAS-STING and NLRP3 activation. Accordingly, a colloidal manganese salt (Mn jelly, MnJ) was formulated to act not only as an immune potentiator but also as a delivery system to stimulate humoral and cellular immune responses, inducing antibody production and CD4+/CD8+ T-cell proliferation and activation by either intramuscular or intranasal immunization. When administered intranasally, MnJ also worked as a mucosal adjuvant, inducing high levels of secretory IgA. MnJ showed good adjuvant effects for all tested antigens, including T cell-dependent and T cell-independent antigens, such as bacterial capsular polysaccharides, thus indicating that it is a promising adjuvant candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenguang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yukun Guan
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoming Wei
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyin Sha
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengran Yi
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Jing
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengze Lv
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Guo
- Clinical Medicine Scientific and Technical Innovation Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Ming Jia
- Clinical Medicine Scientific and Technical Innovation Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengfan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Jarret A, Jackson R, Duizer C, Healy ME, Zhao J, Rone JM, Bielecki P, Sefik E, Roulis M, Rice T, Sivanathan KN, Zhou T, Solis AG, Honcharova-Biletska H, Vélez K, Hartner S, Low JS, Qu R, de Zoete MR, Palm NW, Ring AM, Weber A, Moor AE, Kluger Y, Nowarski R, Flavell RA. Enteric Nervous System-Derived IL-18 Orchestrates Mucosal Barrier Immunity. Cell 2020; 180:50-63.e12. [PMID: 31923399 PMCID: PMC7339937 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal barrier immunity is essential for the maintenance of the commensal microflora and combating invasive bacterial infection. Although immune and epithelial cells are thought to be the canonical orchestrators of this complex equilibrium, here, we show that the enteric nervous system (ENS) plays an essential and non-redundant role in governing the antimicrobial protein (AMP) response. Using confocal microscopy and single-molecule fluorescence in situ mRNA hybridization (smFISH) studies, we observed that intestinal neurons produce the pleiotropic cytokine IL-18. Strikingly, deletion of IL-18 from the enteric neurons alone, but not immune or epithelial cells, rendered mice susceptible to invasive Salmonella typhimurium (S.t.) infection. Mechanistically, unbiased RNA sequencing and single-cell sequencing revealed that enteric neuronal IL-18 is specifically required for homeostatic goblet cell AMP production. Together, we show that neuron-derived IL-18 signaling controls tissue-wide intestinal immunity and has profound consequences on the mucosal barrier and invasive bacterial killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Jarret
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Ruaidhrí Jackson
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Coco Duizer
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Marc E Healy
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland; Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Joseph M Rone
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Piotr Bielecki
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Esen Sefik
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Manolis Roulis
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Tyler Rice
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kisha N Sivanathan
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Angel G Solis
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Hanna Honcharova-Biletska
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Karelia Vélez
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Saskia Hartner
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; University of Vienna, Universitätsring 1, Wien 1010, Austria
| | - Jun Siong Low
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Rihao Qu
- Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Marcel R de Zoete
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Noah W Palm
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Aaron M Ring
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Achim Weber
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland; Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Andreas E Moor
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Yuval Kluger
- Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Applied Mathematics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Roni Nowarski
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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5
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Nozaki Y, Ri J, Sakai K, Niki K, Kinoshita K, Funauchi M, Matsumura I. Inhibition of the IL-18 Receptor Signaling Pathway Ameliorates Disease in a Murine Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010011. [PMID: 31861496 PMCID: PMC7017073 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-18 expression in synovial tissue correlates with the severity of joint inflammation and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, the role of the IL-18/IL-18 receptor-alpha (Rα) signaling pathway in autoimmune arthritis is unknown. Wild-type (WT) and IL-18Rα knockout (KO) mice were immunized with bovine type II collagen before the onset of arthritis induced by lipopolysaccharide injection. Disease activity was evaluated by semiquantitative scoring and histologic assessment. Serum inflammatory cytokine and anticollagen antibody levels were quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Joint cytokine and matrix metalloproteinases-3 levels were determined by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Splenic suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) were determined by Western blot analysis as indices of systemic immunoresponse. IL-18Rα KO mice showed lower arthritis and histological scores in bone erosion and synovitis due to reductions in the infiltration of CD4+ T cells and F4/80+ cells and decreased serum IL-6, -18, TNF, and IFN-γ levels. The mRNA expression and protein levels of SOCS3 were significantly increased in the IL-18Rα KO mice. By an up-regulation of SOCS, pro-inflammatory cytokines were decreased through the IL-18/IL-18Rα signaling pathway. These results suggest that inhibitors of the IL-18/IL-18Rα signaling pathway could become new therapeutic agents for rheumatoid arthritis.
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6
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Meng C, Zhang J, Zhang L, Wang Y, Li Z, Zhao J. Effects of NLRP6 in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) Injury in Rats. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 69:411-418. [PMID: 31267316 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01370-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor protein 6 (NLRP6), an intracytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor in the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat-containing (NLR) innate immune receptor family, influences the inflammation reaction. The role of NLRP6 in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats is unclear. We explore the function of NLRP6 in cerebral I/R injury. The investigators used a middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion model (MCAO) to imitate ischemic injury. We found the peak expression of NLRP6 is in 48-h post-cerebral I/R injury. The expression of NLRP6 siRNA, as well as the expression of protein and mRNA, was detected by Western blot and qRT-PCR. The degree of IL-1β and IL-18 was assessed by ELISA. After downregulating NLRP6, the expression of IL-1β, IL-18, cleaved Caspase-1, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were reduced. In HE and Nissl staining, pathological injury of brain tissue after downregulating NLRP6 was improved. NLRP6 siRNA decreased the NLRP6-ASC binding states by CO-IP. NRP6 has a pro-inflammatory effect in cerebral I/R injury, which may provide a new target for the treatment of cerebral I/R injury.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Brain/pathology
- Brain Edema/etiology
- Brain Edema/prevention & control
- Caspase 1/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/drug therapy
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/metabolism
- Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery/pathology
- Inflammation
- Interleukin-18/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-1beta/biosynthesis
- Male
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics
- Nerve Tissue Proteins/physiology
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology
- RNA, Small Interfering/therapeutic use
- Random Allocation
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Angiotensin/genetics
- Receptors, Angiotensin/physiology
- Receptors, Vasopressin/genetics
- Receptors, Vasopressin/physiology
- Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy
- Reperfusion Injury/metabolism
- Reperfusion Injury/pathology
- Single-Blind Method
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchang Meng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Road1, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Luyu Zhang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueting Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Road1, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Road1, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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Allam O, Samarani S, Mehraj V, Jenabian MA, Tremblay C, Routy JP, Amre D, Ahmad A. HIV induces production of IL-18 from intestinal epithelial cells that increases intestinal permeability and microbial translocation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194185. [PMID: 29601578 PMCID: PMC5877838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a pleiotropic cytokine of the IL-1 family with multiple context dependent functions. We and others have shown that HIV infection is accompanied by increased circulating levels of IL-18 along with decreased levels of its antagonist, Interleukin-18 Binding Protein (IL-18BP). The infection is also accompanied by intestinal inflammation and decreased intestinal integrity as measured by intestinal permeability, regeneration and repair. However, little is known concerning the relation between high level of IL-18 associated with the viral infection and intestinal permeability. Here we demonstrate that HIV treatment increases production of IL-18 and decreases that of IL-18BP production in human intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) lines. IL-18 causes apoptosis of the IEC by activating caspase-1 and caspase-3. It induces epithelial barrier hyperpermeability by decreasing and disrupting both tight and adherens junction proteins, occludin, claudin 2 and beta-catenin. Disorganization of F-actin was also observed in the IEC that were exposed to the cytokine. Moreover IL-18 decreases transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) in Caco-2 and increases permeability in HT29 monolayers. The cells' treatment with IL-18 causes an increase in the expression of phosphorylated myosin II regulatory light-chain (p-MLC) and myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK), and a decrease in phosphorylated Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (p-STAT)-5. This increase in p-MLC is suppressed by a Rho-kinase (ROCK)-specific inhibitor. Interestingly, the levels of the cytokine correlate with those of LPS in the circulation in three different categories of HIV infected patients (HAART-naïve and HAART-treated HIV-infected individuals, and Elite controls) as well as in healthy controls. Collectively, these results suggest that the HIV-induced IL-18 plays a role in increased intestinal permeability and microbial translocation observed in HIV-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ossama Allam
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, CHU Ste-Justine Research Center/Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases & Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Suzanne Samarani
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, CHU Ste-Justine Research Center/Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases & Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vikram Mehraj
- Division of Hematology & Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Cecile Tremblay
- CHUM/ Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases & Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Division of Hematology & Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Devendra Amre
- CHU Ste-Justine Research Center/Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ali Ahmad
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, CHU Ste-Justine Research Center/Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases & Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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8
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Mantegazza AR, Wynosky-Dolfi MA, Casson CN, Lefkovith AJ, Shin S, Brodsky IE, Marks MS. Increased autophagic sequestration in adaptor protein-3 deficient dendritic cells limits inflammasome activity and impairs antibacterial immunity. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006785. [PMID: 29253868 PMCID: PMC5749898 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens that compromise phagosomal membranes stimulate inflammasome assembly in the cytosol, but the molecular mechanisms by which membrane dynamics regulate inflammasome activity are poorly characterized. We show that in murine dendritic cells (DCs), the endosomal adaptor protein AP-3 –which optimizes toll-like receptor signaling from phagosomes–sustains inflammasome activation by particulate stimuli. AP-3 independently regulates inflammasome positioning and autophagy induction, together resulting in delayed inflammasome inactivation by autophagy in response to Salmonella Typhimurium (STm) and other particulate stimuli specifically in DCs. AP-3-deficient DCs, but not macrophages, hyposecrete IL-1β and IL-18 in response to particulate stimuli in vitro, but caspase-1 and IL-1β levels are restored by silencing autophagy. Concomitantly, AP-3-deficient mice exhibit higher mortality and produce less IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-17 than controls upon oral STm infection. Our data identify a novel link between phagocytosis, inflammasome activity and autophagy in DCs, potentially explaining impaired antibacterial immunity in AP-3-deficient patients. Bacterial uptake by phagocytic cells such as dendritic cells (DCs) stimulates signaling from membrane-bound toll-like receptors (TLRs) to shape adaptive immune responses. Pathogenic bacteria that damage phagocytic membranes additionally stimulate the cytoplasmic inflammasome, producing the highly inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Host molecular mechanisms that link phagosomal signaling to inflammasome regulation are poorly characterized. We show that in DCs, the endosomal adaptor protein-3 (AP-3) complex optimizes phagocytosis-induced inflammasome activity by two mechanisms: AP-3 promotes TLR signaling-dependent transcription of inflammasome components and antagonizes autophagy-dependent inflammasome silencing. Consequently, AP-3 deficient DCs hyposecrete IL-1β and IL-18 in response to phagocytosed stimuli, and AP-3 deficient mice succumb to infection by a bacterial pathogen. AP-3 thus links phagosome signaling, inflammasome activity and autophagy in DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana R. Mantegazza
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ARM); (MSM)
| | - Meghan A. Wynosky-Dolfi
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Cierra N. Casson
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Ariel J. Lefkovith
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Sunny Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Igor E. Brodsky
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Michael S. Marks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ARM); (MSM)
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9
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Abstract
IL-18 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is important in the regulation of T-cells and is elevated in inflammatory disorders such as periodontal disease. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) modulates immune responses to the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis ( Pg). Our objective was to investigate the effect of Pg LPS on IL-18 and its natural inhibitor, IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BPa), in human monocytes, and the effect of VIP on this system. We demonstrated that Pg LPS induced both IL-18 and IL-18BPa secretion in cultures of the human monocytic cell line THP-1, as measured by specific ELISA. The addition of antibodies to IL-18BPa to the stimulated THP-1 cultures resulted in increased levels of free IL-18, indicating a specific interaction between IL18 and IL-18BPa in this system. VIP (10−8M) inhibited both IL-18 and IL-18Bpa secretion by stimulated monocytes. We conclude that IL-18 and IL-18BPa secretion by monocytes is part of the immune response to Pg, and that VIP can inhibit this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Foster
- Oral Microbiology and Host Responses Group, Oral Biology, School of Dental Sciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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10
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Feizollahzadeh S, Khanahmad H, Rahimmanesh I, Ganjalikhani-Hakemi M, Andalib A, Sanei MH, Rezaei A. Expression of biologically active murine interleukin-18 inLactococcus lactis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2016; 363:fnw234. [PMID: 27864297 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnw234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Feizollahzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Khanahmad
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ilnaz Rahimmanesh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Andalib
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Sanei
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abbas Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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11
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Müller AA, Dolowschiak T, Sellin ME, Felmy B, Verbree C, Gadient S, Westermann AJ, Vogel J, LeibundGut-Landmann S, Hardt WD. An NK Cell Perforin Response Elicited via IL-18 Controls Mucosal Inflammation Kinetics during Salmonella Gut Infection. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005723. [PMID: 27341123 PMCID: PMC4920399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella Typhimurium (S.Tm) is a common cause of self-limiting diarrhea. The mucosal inflammation is thought to arise from a standoff between the pathogen's virulence factors and the host's mucosal innate immune defenses, particularly the mucosal NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome. However, it had remained unclear how this switches the gut from homeostasis to inflammation. This was studied using the streptomycin mouse model. S.Tm infections in knockout mice, cytokine inhibition and –injection experiments revealed that caspase-1 (not -11) dependent IL-18 is pivotal for inducing acute inflammation. IL-18 boosted NK cell chemoattractants and enhanced the NK cells' migratory capacity, thus promoting mucosal accumulation of mature, activated NK cells. NK cell depletion and Prf-/- ablation (but not granulocyte-depletion or T-cell deficiency) delayed tissue inflammation. Our data suggest an NK cell perforin response as one limiting factor in mounting gut mucosal inflammation. Thus, IL-18-elicited NK cell perforin responses seem to be critical for coordinating mucosal inflammation during early infection, when S.Tm strongly relies on virulence factors detectable by the inflammasome. This may have broad relevance for mucosal defense against microbial pathogens. Salmonella Typhimurium is a common cause of foodborne diarrhea. The disease symptoms arise already a few hours after infection. However, it had remained unclear how the immune system can mount the responses eliciting the disease symptoms so quickly. Earlier work in a mouse model had shown that the gut epithelium expresses a sensor, called NAIP/NLRC4/caspase-1 inflammasome that can detect the pathogen and mount a defense by 12-18h p.i. However, it has remained uncharacterized how inflammasome sensing drives the initial gut inflammation. Here, we found that the caspase-1 inflammasome triggers the production of IL-18, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that appears essential for the early onset of inflammation. IL-18 is driving the accumulation of NK cells into the infected mucosa, via the upregulation of NK cell chemoattractants and by the stimulation of their migratory capacity. Mature NK cells seem to induce mucosal inflammation via a perforin-mediated cytotoxic response. These data suggest that the inflammasome/IL-18/NK cell axis is a driver of early mucosal inflammation via a perforin-dependent cytotoxic NK cell response. Future work will have to address, if this mechanism is equally potent in the human gut and may contribute to ramping up the host's response during the first hours of infection. This may have implications for other gut infections and might provide leads for developing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A. Müller
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Mikael E. Sellin
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Boas Felmy
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Sandra Gadient
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Jörg Vogel
- Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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12
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Dietsch GN, Lu H, Yang Y, Morishima C, Chow LQ, Disis ML, Hershberg RM. Coordinated Activation of Toll-Like Receptor8 (TLR8) and NLRP3 by the TLR8 Agonist, VTX-2337, Ignites Tumoricidal Natural Killer Cell Activity. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148764. [PMID: 26928328 PMCID: PMC4771163 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
VTX-2337 (USAN: motolimod) is a selective toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) agonist, which is in clinical development as an immunotherapy for multiple oncology indications, including squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Activation of TLR8 enhances natural killer cell activation, increases antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and induces Th1 polarizing cytokines. Here, we show that VTX-2337 stimulates the release of mature IL-1β and IL-18 from monocytic cells through coordinated actions on both TLR8 and the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome complex. In vitro, VTX-2337 primed monocytic cells to produce pro-IL-1β, pro-IL-18, and caspase-1, and also activated the NLRP3 inflammasome, thereby mediating the release of mature IL-1β family cytokines. Inhibition of caspase-1 blocked VTX-2337-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation, but had little impact on production of other TLR8-induced mediators such as TNFα. IL-18 activated natural killer cells and complemented other stimulatory pathways, including FcγRIII and NKG2D, resulting in IFNγ production and expression of CD107a. NLRP3 activation in vivo was confirmed by a dose-related increase in plasma IL-1β and IL-18 levels in cynomolgus monkeys administered VTX-2337. These results are highly relevant to clinical studies of combination VTX-2337/cetuximab treatment. Cetuximab, a clinically approved, epidermal growth factor receptor-specific monoclonal antibody, activates NK cells through interactions with FcγRIII and facilitates ADCC of tumor cells. Our preliminary findings from a Phase I open-label, dose-escalation, trial that enrolled 13 patients with recurrent or metastatic SCCHN show that patient NK cells become more responsive to stimulation by NKG2D or FcγRIII following VTX-2337 treatment. Together, these results indicate that TLR8 stimulation and inflammasome activation by VTX-2337 can complement FcγRIII engagement and may augment clinical responses in SCCHN patients treated with cetuximab. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01334177
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Benzazepines/pharmacology
- Benzazepines/therapeutic use
- Carrier Proteins/agonists
- Caspase 1/metabolism
- Cell Degranulation/drug effects
- Cell Degranulation/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Humans
- Inflammasomes/metabolism
- Interleukin-18/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-1beta/biosynthesis
- K562 Cells
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Macaca fascicularis
- Male
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein
- Neoplasms/genetics
- Neoplasms/immunology
- Neoplasms/metabolism
- Receptors, IgG/metabolism
- Toll-Like Receptor 8/agonists
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hailing Lu
- Tumor Vaccine Group, Center for Translational Medicine in Women’s Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Yi Yang
- Tumor Vaccine Group, Center for Translational Medicine in Women’s Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Chihiro Morishima
- Tumor Vaccine Group, Center for Translational Medicine in Women’s Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Laura Q. Chow
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Mary L. Disis
- Tumor Vaccine Group, Center for Translational Medicine in Women’s Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
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13
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Zhou CL, Yu XJ, Cai DX, Xu YH, Li CY, Sun Q. Inhibiting interleukin-18 production through the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, a potential role of corticotropin-releasing hormone in chronic plaque psoriasis. Inflammation 2016; 38:1003-11. [PMID: 25630718 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-0064-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and CRH receptors (CRH-Rs) are expressed in the skin; CRH-R1 is the predominant receptor. Whether the CRH/CRH-R1 system plays a role in psoriasis has not yet been assessed. Immunohistochemistry, real-time RT-PCR, ELISA assay, and Western blot analysis were used to investigate the expression of CRH/CRH-R1 in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis and that of IL-18 in CRH-treated HaCaT cells. CRH and CRH-R1 were downregulated in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis. In vitro, CRH attenuated the expression of IL-18 by a mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway through CRH-R1 in HaCaT cells. Thus, an aberrant cutaneous CRH/CRH-R1 system exists in lesions from chronic plaque psoriasis which might play a role in psoriasis and offers further evidence for the study of CRH in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lei Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, No 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
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14
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Schirmer B, Wedekind D, Glage S, Neumann D. Deletion of IL-18 Expression Ameliorates Spontaneous Kidney Failure in MRLlpr Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140173. [PMID: 26465326 PMCID: PMC4605611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of IL-18 in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus is still not definitively solved. In this study, we generated MRLlpr mice, which develop a disease resembling systemic lupus erythematosus, genetically devoid of IL-18 expression. These mice in comparison to IL-18-competent MRLlpr mice show reduced signs of renal pathogenesis, while other parameters such as mean survival time, lymphadenopathy, constitutive interferon-γ production, and frequency of CD3+B220+ abnormal T cells were without differences. We conclude that in the systemic lupus erythematosus syndrom IL-18 is involved specifically in the renal pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Schirmer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Wedekind
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Silke Glage
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Detlef Neumann
- Institute of Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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15
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Murai H, Okazaki S, Hayashi H, Kawakita A, Hosoki K, Yasutomi M, Sur S, Ohshima Y. Alternaria extract activates autophagy that induces IL-18 release from airway epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 464:969-974. [PMID: 26032499 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alternaria alternata is a major outdoor allergen that causes allergic airway diseases. Alternaria extract (ALT-E) has been shown to induce airway epithelial cells to release IL-18 and thereby initiate Th2-type responses. We investigated the underlying mechanisms involved in IL-18 release from ALT-E-stimulated airway epithelial cells. Normal human bronchial epithelial cells and A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells were stimulated with ALT-E in the presence of different inhibitors of autophagy or caspases. IL-18 levels in culture supernatants were measured by ELISA. The numbers of autophagosomes, an LC3-I to LC3-II conversion, and p62 degradation were determined by immunofluorescence staining and immunoblotting. 3-methyladenine and bafilomycin, which inhibit the formation of preautophagosomal structures and autolysosomes, respectively, suppressed ALT-E-induced IL-18 release by cells, whereas caspase 1 and 8 inhibitors did not. ALT-E-stimulation increased autophagosome formation, LC-3 conversion, and p62 degradation in airway epithelial cells. LPS-stimulation induced the LC3 conversion in A549 cells, but did not induce IL-18 release or p62 degradation. Unlike LPS, ALT-E induced airway epithelial cells to release IL-18 via an autophagy dependent, caspase 1 and 8 independent pathway. Although autophagy has been shown to negatively regulate canonical inflammasome activity in TLR-stimulated macrophages, our data indicates that this process is an unconventional mechanism of IL-18 secretion by airway epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Murai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka Shimo-Aizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 911-1193, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Shintaro Okazaki
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka Shimo-Aizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 911-1193, Japan
| | - Hisako Hayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka Shimo-Aizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 911-1193, Japan
| | - Akiko Kawakita
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka Shimo-Aizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 911-1193, Japan
| | - Koa Hosoki
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Motoko Yasutomi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka Shimo-Aizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 911-1193, Japan
| | - Sanjiv Sur
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Yusei Ohshima
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka Shimo-Aizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 911-1193, Japan.
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16
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LIU WEIWEI, HU MIN, WANG YUMEI, SUN BAOZHEN, GUO YU, XU ZHIMIN, LI JIA, HAN BING. Overexpression of interleukin-18 protein reduces viability and induces apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells by activation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β signaling. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:1049-56. [PMID: 25591548 PMCID: PMC4324481 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of interleukin-18 (IL-18) expression on regulating the viability and apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cells in vitro and examine the underlying molecular events. Human IL-18 cDNA was cloned into the vector pcDNA3.1 (+) and transfected into CRL-1623™ cells. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-qPCR), western blot analysis, immunofluorescence, cell viability MTT assay, flow cytometric Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI), Giemsa staining, and caspase-3 activity assay were performed. The data showed that overexpression of IL-18 protein reduced TSCC cell viability by inducing apoptosis. Compared with cells transfected with the control vector, IL-18 expression activated caspase-3, -7, and -9 by inducing their cleavage and increased the expression of interferon (IFN)-γ and cytochrome c mRNA, but reduced cyclin D1 and A1 expression in TSCC cells. IL-18 expression upregulated the expression and phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β protein in CRL1623 cells, whereas the selective GSK-3β inhibitor kenpaullone antagonized the effects of IL-18 protein on TSCC cells in vitro. The results indicated that IL-18 played an important role in the inhibition of TSCC cell growth and may be further investigated as a novel therapeutic target against TSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- WEIWEI LIU
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - MIN HU
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - YUMEI WANG
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - BAOZHEN SUN
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - YU GUO
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - ZHIMIN XU
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - JIA LI
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - BING HAN
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Bing Han, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun 130021, P.R. China E-mail:
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17
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Muñoz M, Eidenschenk C, Ota N, Wong K, Lohmann U, Kühl AA, Wang X, Manzanillo P, Li Y, Rutz S, Zheng Y, Diehl L, Kayagaki N, van Lookeren-Campagne M, Liesenfeld O, Heimesaat M, Ouyang W. Interleukin-22 induces interleukin-18 expression from epithelial cells during intestinal infection. Immunity 2015; 42:321-331. [PMID: 25680273 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
T helper 1 (Th1) cell-associated immunity exacerbates ileitis induced by oral Toxoplasma gondii infection. We show here that attenuated ileitis observed in interleukin-22 (IL-22)-deficient mice was associated with reduced production of Th1-cell-promoting IL-18. IL-22 not only augmented the expression of Il18 mRNA and inactive precursor protein (proIL-18) in intestinal epithelial cells after T. gondii or Citrobacter rodentium infection, but also maintained the homeostatic amount of proIL-18 in the ileum. IL-22, however, did not induce the processing to active IL-18, suggesting a two-step regulation of IL-18 in these cells. Although IL-18 exerted pathogenic functions during ileitis triggered by T. gondii, it was required for host defense against C. rodentium. Conversely, IL-18 was required for the expression of IL-22 in innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) upon T. gondii infection. Our results define IL-18 as an IL-22 target gene in epithelial cells and describe a complex mutual regulation of both cytokines during intestinal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melba Muñoz
- Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin 12203, Germany
| | - Celine Eidenschenk
- Immunology Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Naruhisa Ota
- Immunology Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Kit Wong
- Immunology Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Uwe Lohmann
- Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin 12203, Germany
| | - Anja A Kühl
- Department of Medicine I for Gastroenterology, Infectious Disease and Rheumatology and Research Center ImmunoSciences (RCIS), Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin 12203, Germany
| | - Xiaoting Wang
- Immunology Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Paolo Manzanillo
- Immunology Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Immunology Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Sascha Rutz
- Immunology Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Yan Zheng
- Immunology Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Lauri Diehl
- Pathology Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Nobuhiko Kayagaki
- Physiological Chemistry Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Oliver Liesenfeld
- Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin 12203, Germany
| | - Markus Heimesaat
- Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin 12203, Germany
| | - Wenjun Ouyang
- Immunology Department, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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18
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Ma L, Qiao X, Tang L, Jiang Y, Cui W, Li Y. [Expression and biological activity of porcine interleukin-18 in recombinant Lactococcus lactis]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2014; 30:1541-1548. [PMID: 25726579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To obtain active protein of pIL-18 expression in Lactococcus lactis, and to observe its biological activity, the total RNA was extracted as template from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Porcine interleukin 18 (pIL-18) was amplified by RT-PCR. The resulting fragment was cloned into pAMJ399 L. lactis vector, and then transformed to L. lactis MG1363 cells by electroporation. Expression of pIL-18 protein was detected by SDS-PAGE and Western-blotting. Bioactivity of the product was tested by pig spleen lymphocyte proliferation test and cytopathogenic effect inhibition assay. The result of Western blotting and bioactivity test shows that the molecular weight of pIL-18 protein was 19 kDa. The react line was observed in both supernatant and precipitated of the recombinant bacteria pAMJ399-pIL18/MG1363. The expressed pIL-18 can promote the proliferation of pig spleen lymphocyte, and significantly inhibit virus multiplication. As conclusion, porcine interleukin-18 was successfully expressed in L. lactis, and the product was biologically active.
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19
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Yamada T, Aoyama-Ishikawa M, Yamashita H, Fujiwara M, Usami M, Ueda T, Terashima M, Kohama K, Nakao A, Kotani J. IL18 production and IL18 promoter polymorphisms correlate with mortality in ICU patients. In Vivo 2014; 28:391-396. [PMID: 24815843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter of interleukin (IL)-18 (-607C/A and -137G/C) may affect the clinical course of inflammatory diseases. This study examined the relationship between the plasma IL18 levels, IL18 promoter polymorphism, and outcomes in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS Plasma IL18 levels, IL18 promoter genotype, clinical variables, including APACHE II score, and mortality were examined in 70 ICU patients. RESULTS Plasma IL18 levels were significantly higher in patients who did not survive the ICU stay than in patients who survived, and were correlated with APACHE II score. When examined by IL18 promoter genotype, only patients with the -607CA genotype exhibited differences in IL18 expression between survivors and non-survivors. CONCLUSION Plasma IL18 levels may predict outcome in patients with sepsis. IL18 promoter polymorphism, especially at -607, may increase IL18 production in some patients and might be useful in predicting the outcome of patients with sepsis in the ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taihei Yamada
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1, Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan.
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Verardi PH, Legrand FA, Chan KS, Peng Y, Jones LA, Yilma TD. IL-18 expression results in a recombinant vaccinia virus that is highly attenuated and immunogenic. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2014; 34:169-78. [PMID: 24168450 PMCID: PMC3942681 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2013.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is an attenuating factor for vaccinia virus (VACV), decreasing its virulence in vivo by more than a million fold. It is also a highly effective adjuvant when administered at the time of immunization with protein antigens. However, recombinant VACV (rVACV) vaccines expressing IFN-γ do not induce enhanced immune responses. It is possible that the IFN-γ expressed by rVACVs induces both an antiviral state and increased immunological clearance, thus resulting in decreased levels of antigen expression due to reduced viral replication and spread. We conjectured that delaying expression of IFN-γ would result in enhanced production of antigens by rVACVs thus resulting in increased immune responses to foreign antigens. Interleukin (IL)-18, also known as IFN-γ inducing factor, is a cytokine that induces T and NK cells to produce IFN-γ. In this study, we demonstrated that an rVACV expressing bioactive murine IL-18 replicated to low but detectable levels in vivo, unlike an rVACV expressing IFN-γ. Moreover, the rVACV expressing IL-18 was significantly attenuated in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent mice. This attenuation was dependent on IFN-γ, as IL-18 expression failed to attenuate VACV in IFN-γ knock-out mice. Cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) and anamnestic antibody responses were slightly increased in animals vaccinated with the rVACV expressing IL-18. Thus, induction of IFN-γ because of IL-18 expression resulted in an rVACV that replicated to low but detectable levels in vivo, yet elicited slightly better CTL and anamnestic humoral immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo H. Verardi
- Department of Pathobiology and Veterinary Science and Center of Excellence for Vaccine Research, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Fatema A. Legrand
- International Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Tropical Disease Agents, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Kenneth S. Chan
- International Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Tropical Disease Agents, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Yue Peng
- International Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Tropical Disease Agents, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Leslie A. Jones
- International Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Tropical Disease Agents, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Tilahun D. Yilma
- International Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Tropical Disease Agents, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
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21
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Brydges SD, Broderick L, McGeough MD, Pena CA, Mueller JL, Hoffman HM. Divergence of IL-1, IL-18, and cell death in NLRP3 inflammasomopathies. J Clin Invest 2014; 123:4695-705. [PMID: 24084736 DOI: 10.1172/jci71543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammasome is a cytoplasmic multiprotein complex that promotes proinflammatory cytokine maturation in response to host- and pathogen-derived signals. Missense mutations in cryopyrin (NLRP3) result in a hyperactive inflammasome that drives overproduction of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, leading to the cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) disease spectrum. Mouse lines harboring CAPS-associated mutations in Nlrp3 have elevated levels of IL-1β and IL-18 and closely mimic human disease. To examine the role of inflammasome-driven IL-18 in murine CAPS, we bred Nlrp3 mutations onto an Il18r-null background. Deletion of Il18r resulted in partial phenotypic rescue that abolished skin and visceral disease in young mice and normalized serum cytokines to a greater extent than breeding to Il1r-null mice. Significant systemic inflammation developed in aging Nlrp3 mutant Il18r-null mice, indicating that IL-1 and IL-18 drive pathology at different stages of the disease process. Ongoing inflammation in double-cytokine knockout CAPS mice implicated a role for caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis and confirmed that CAPS is inflammasome dependent. Our results have important implications for patients with CAPS and residual disease, emphasizing the need to explore other NLRP3-mediated pathways and the potential for inflammasome-targeted therapy.
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22
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Wu D, Murakami K, Liu N, Konishi M, Muneta Y, Inumaru S, Kokuho T, Sentsui H. Expression of Equine Interleukin-18 by Baculovirus Expression System and Its Biologic Activity. Microbiol Immunol 2013; 48:471-6. [PMID: 15215621 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2004.tb03538.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The equine interleukin-18 (IL-18) cDNA that contains the coding sequence was cloned and a recombinant baculovirus, named AcEIL-18, was constructed. The recombinant protein of the equine IL-18 was expressed by AcEIL-18 and its expression was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blotting. Insect cells infected with AcEIL-18 secreted a precursor IL-18 with 24 kilo dalton (kDa) into the culture supernatant. Western blot analysis showed that mature equine IL-18 about 18 kDa was also confirmed without co-expression of caspase-1. Culture supernatant from AcEIL-18 infected cells showed a synergistic effect with recombinant human interleukin-12 for induction of interferon-gamma gene expression in equine peripheral mononuclear cells, indicating that the recombinant equine IL-18 expressed in this study also has biological activity without any treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglai Wu
- National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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23
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Rao M, Vogelzang A, Kaiser P, Schuerer S, Kaufmann SHE, Gengenbacher M. The tuberculosis vaccine candidate Bacillus Calmette-Guérin ΔureC::hly coexpressing human interleukin-7 or -18 enhances antigen-specific T cell responses in mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78966. [PMID: 24236077 PMCID: PMC3827306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG), the only approved tuberculosis vaccine, provides only limited protection. Previously, we generated a recombinant derivative (BCG ΔureC::hly), which secretes the pore-forming toxin listeriolysin O (LLO) of Listeria monocytogenes. This vaccine shows superior protection against tuberculosis in preclinical models and is safe in humans. Here we describe two new vaccine strains which express human interleukin-7 (hIL)-7 or hIL-18 in the genetic background of BCG ΔureC::hly to modulate specific T cell immunity. Both strains exhibited an uncompromised in vitro growth pattern, while inducing a proinflammatory cytokine profile in human dendritic cells (DCs). Human DCs harbouring either strain efficiently promoted secretion of IL-2 by autologous T cells in a coculture system, suggesting superior immunogenicity. BALB/c mice vaccinated with BCG ΔureC::hly, BCG ΔureC::hly_hIL7 or BCG ΔureC::hly_hIL18 developed a more robust Th1 response than after vaccination with parental BCG. Both strains provided significantly better protection than BCG in a murine Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge model but efficacy remained comparable to that afforded by BCG ΔureC::hly. We conclude that expression of hIL-7 or hIL-18 enhanced specific T cell responses but failed to improve protection over BCG ΔureC::hly in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rao
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Department of Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexis Vogelzang
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Department of Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peggy Kaiser
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Department of Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schuerer
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Department of Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan H. E. Kaufmann
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Department of Immunology, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail: (SHEK); (MG)
| | - Martin Gengenbacher
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Department of Immunology, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail: (SHEK); (MG)
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Xu Y, Li H, Chen W, Yao X, Xing Y, Wang X, Zhong J, Meng G. Mycoplasma hyorhinis activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and promotes migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77955. [PMID: 24223129 PMCID: PMC3819327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycoplasma hyorhinis (M.hyorhinis, M.hy) is associated with development of gastric and prostate cancers. The NLRP3 inflammasome, a protein complex controlling maturation of important pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, is also involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis of various cancers. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS To clarify whether M.hy promoted tumor development via inflammasome activation, we analyzed monocytes for IL-1β and IL-18 production upon M.hy challenge. When exposed to M.hy, human monocytes exhibited rapid and robust IL-1β and IL-18 secretion. We further identified that lipid-associated membrane protein (LAMP) from M.hy was responsible for IL-1β induction. Applying competitive inhibitors, gene specific shRNA and gene targeted mice, we verified that M.hy induced IL-1β secretion was NLRP3-dependent in vitro and in vivo. Cathepsin B activity, K(+) efflux, Ca(2+) influx and ROS production were all required for the NLRP3 inflammasome activation by M.hy. Importantly, it is IL-1β but not IL-18 produced from macrophages challenged with M.hy promoted gastric cancer cell migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by M.hy may be associated with its promotion of gastric cancer metastasis, and anti-M.hy therapy or limiting NLRP3 signaling could be effective approach for control of gastric cancer progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin Yao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Xing
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangxun Meng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Di Somma S, Pittoni V, Raffa S, Magrini L, Gagliano G, Marino R, Nobili V, Torrisi MR. IL-18 stimulates B-type natriuretic peptide synthesis by cardiomyocytes in vitro and its plasma levels correlate with B-type natriuretic peptide in non-overloaded acute heart failure patients. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 2013; 6:450-461. [PMID: 24585936 DOI: 10.1177/2048872613499282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An altered IL-18 pathway in heart failure (HF) has recently been described and this cytokine was shown to be of clinical and prognostic utility. Cardiomyocytes are a target of this cytokine which exerts inflammatory, hypertrophic, and profibrotic activities. B-type natriuretic peptide is a cardiac hormone produced in response to cardiac filling to regulate cardiovascular homeostasis. The aim of the study was to verify the ability of IL-18 to induce B-type natriuretic peptide synthesis in vitro and to analyse the relationship between these two molecules in plasma in vivo from acute HF patients. METHODS AND RESULTS We demonstrated the ability of IL-18 to directly stimulate a murine cardiomyocyte cell line to express the B-type natriuretic peptide gene, synthesize the relative protein through a PI3K-AKT-dependent transduction, and induce a cell secretory phenotype with B-type natriuretic peptide release. A correlation between IL-18 and B-type natriuretic peptide plasma levels was found in non-overloaded acute HF patients, and in subgroups of acute HF patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease. Acute HF patients with renal failure had significantly higher IL-18 plasma levels than patients without. IL-18 plasma levels were correlated with C-reactive protein plasma levels. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first evidence of the ability of IL-18 to induce B-type natriuretic peptide synthesis in vitro and outlines the relationship between the two molecules in acute HF patients with an ongoing inflammatory status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Di Somma
- 1 Emergency Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, II Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "LaSapienza" Rome University, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Pittoni
- 1 Emergency Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, II Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "LaSapienza" Rome University, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Raffa
- 2 Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, II Faculty of Medicine and Psychology - "LaSapienza" Rome University, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Magrini
- 1 Emergency Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, II Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "LaSapienza" Rome University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Gagliano
- 1 Emergency Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, II Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "LaSapienza" Rome University, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Marino
- 1 Emergency Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, II Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "LaSapienza" Rome University, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Nobili
- 2 Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, II Faculty of Medicine and Psychology - "LaSapienza" Rome University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Torrisi
- 2 Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, II Faculty of Medicine and Psychology - "LaSapienza" Rome University, Rome, Italy
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Lin J, Shou X, Mao X, Dong J, Mohabeer N, Kushwaha KK, Wang L, Su Y, Fang H, Li D. Oxidized low density lipoprotein induced caspase-1 mediated pyroptotic cell death in macrophages: implication in lesion instability? PLoS One 2013; 8:e62148. [PMID: 23637985 PMCID: PMC3636212 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage death in advanced lesion has been confirmed to play an important role in plaque instability. However, the mechanism underlying lesion macrophage death still remains largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Immunohistochemistry showed that caspase-1 activated in advanced lesion and co-located with macrophages and TUNEL positive reaction. In in-vitro experiments showed that ox-LDL induced caspase-1 activation and this activation was required for ox-LDL induced macrophages lysis, IL-1β and IL-18 production as well as DNA fragmentation. Mechanism experiments showed that CD36 and NLRP3/caspase-1/pathway involved in ox-LDL induced macrophage pyroptosis. CONCLUSION Our study here identified a novel cell death, pyroptosis in ox-LDL induced human macrophage, which may be implicated in lesion macrophages death and play an important role in lesion instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiling Shou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaobo Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangchuan Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nilesh Mohabeer
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kishan kumar Kushwaha
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Sixth People's Hospital (Nanshan Hospital), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yousu Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Sixth People's Hospital (Nanshan Hospital), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongcheng Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Sixth People's Hospital (Nanshan Hospital), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dazhu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Sawada M, Kawayama T, Imaoka H, Sakazaki Y, Oda H, Takenaka SI, Kaku Y, Azuma K, Tajiri M, Edakuni N, Okamoto M, Kato S, Hoshino T. IL-18 induces airway hyperresponsiveness and pulmonary inflammation via CD4+ T cell and IL-13. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54623. [PMID: 23382928 PMCID: PMC3558507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-18 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary inflammatory diseases including pulmonary infection, pulmonary fibrosis, lung injury and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, it is unknown whether IL-18 plays any role in the pathogenesis of asthma. We hypothesized that overexpression of mature IL-18 protein in the lungs may exacerbate disease activities of asthma. We established lung-specific IL-18 transgenic mice on a Balb/c genetic background. Female mice sensitized– and challenged– with antigen (ovalbumin) were used as a mouse asthma model. Pulmonary inflammation and emphysema were not observed in the lungs of naïve transgenic mice. However, airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammatory cells accompanied with CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, and macrophages were significantly increased in ovalbumin-sensitized and challenged transgenic mice, as compared to wild type Balb/c mice. We also demonstrate that IL-18 induces IFN-γ, IL-13, and eotaxin in the lungs of ovalbumin-sensitized and challenged transgenic mice along with an increase in IL-13 producing CD4+ T cells. Treatment with anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody or deletion of the IL-13 gene improves ovalbumin-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and reduces airway inflammatory cells in transgenic mice. Overexpressing the IL-18 protein in the lungs induces type 1 and type 2 cytokines and airway inflammation, and results in increasing airway hyperresponsiveness via CD4+ T cells and IL-13 in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Sawada
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine 1, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Kawayama
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine 1, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Haruki Imaoka
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine 1, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Sakazaki
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine 1, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hanako Oda
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine 1, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Takenaka
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine 1, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kaku
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine 1, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichi Azuma
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine 1, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Morihiro Tajiri
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine 1, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Edakuni
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine 1, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Okamoto
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine 1, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Seiya Kato
- Division of Pathology and Cell Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Hoshino
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine 1, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Despite the recent attention focused on the roles of the nucleotide binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, little is known about the ex vivo profile of inflammasome activation in type 2 diabetic patients. In this study, we investigated patterns of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from drug-naïve patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetic subjects had significantly increased mRNA and protein expression of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and proinflammatory cytokines in MDMs cultured with autologous sera compared with healthy controls. Upregulated interleukin (IL)-1β maturation, IL-18 secretion, and caspase-1 cleavage were observed in MDMs from type 2 diabetic patients after stimulation with various danger molecules (ATP, high-mobility group protein B1, free fatty acids, islet amyloid polypeptide, and monosodium uric acid crystals). Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and NLRP3 were required for IL-1β synthesis in MDMs. Finally, 2 months of therapy with the antidiabetic drug metformin significantly inhibited the maturation of IL-1β in MDMs from patients with type 2 diabetes through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Taken together, these data suggest that NLRP3 inflammasome activation is elevated in myeloid cells from type 2 diabetic patients and that antidiabetic treatment with metformin contributes to modulation of inflammasome activation in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Mi Lee
- Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jwa-Jin Kim
- Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Corresponding author: Bon Jeong Ku, or Eun-Kyeong Jo,
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
- Corresponding author: Bon Jeong Ku, or Eun-Kyeong Jo,
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Qi XF, Nan ZC, Jin YP, Qu YY, Zhao XJ, Wang AH. Stromal-epithelial interactions modulate the effect of ovarian steroids on goat uterine epithelial cell interleukin-18 release. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2012; 42:210-9. [PMID: 22226936 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A primary role of epithelial-stromal interactions in mediating steroid hormone action in the uterus has been established. The present study was undertaken to determine the mode of ovarian steroid action in regulating IL-18 release by goat endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) in the presence and absence of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). Primary and telomerase-immortalized goat EECs grown alone or cocultured with ESCs were treated with two ovarian steroids, 17β-estradiol (E(2)) and progesterone (P(4)). The IL-18 mRNA and protein expression in EECs were studied by reverse transcript (RT) PCR, ELISA, and Western blot assay. The E(2) and/or P(4) treatment of EECs led to a significant increase in both IL-18 mRNA and protein expression either in the primary or in the immortalized EECs compared with that in EECs without the steroid treatment. However, in the presence of ESCs, IL-18 expression by EECs treated with steroids was significantly decreased compared with cells untreated with E(2) and/or P(4). In addition, significantly high abundance of IL-18 mRNA and protein expression by primary and telomerase-immortalized goat EECs was observed in the presence of ESCs compared with those cells without ESCs. These findings suggest that steroids are important for the control of IL-18 expression in goat EECs. Underlying ESCs are needed to mediate the inhibitory effects of steroids on the IL-18 secretory activity of goat EECs in vitro. The IL-18 abundance expressed by goat EECs in vitro are enhanced by underlying ESCs without the treatment of E(2) and/or P(4).
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Qi
- College of Veterinary Medicine of Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Verma D, Särndahl E, Andersson H, Eriksson P, Fredrikson M, Jönsson JI, Lerm M, Söderkvist P. The Q705K polymorphism in NLRP3 is a gain-of-function alteration leading to excessive interleukin-1β and IL-18 production. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34977. [PMID: 22529966 PMCID: PMC3328489 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 03/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Q705K polymorphism in NLRP3 has been implicated in several chronic inflammatory diseases. In this study we determine the functional role of this commonly occurring polymorphism using an in-vitro system. Principal Findings NLRP3-WT and NLRP3-Q705K were retrovirally transduced into the human monocytic cell line THP-1, followed by the assessment of IL-1β and IL-18 levels in the cell culture supernatant. THP-1 cells expressing the above NLRP3 variants were sorted based upon Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) expression. Cytokine response to alum (one of the most widely used adjuvants in vaccines) in the cells stably expressing NLRP3-WT and NLRP3-Q705K were determined. IL-1β and IL-18 levels were found to be elevated in THP-1 cells transduced with NLRP3-Q705K compared to the NLRP3-WT. Upon exposure to alum, THP-1 cells stably expressing NLRP3-Q705K displayed an increased release of IL-1β, IL-18 and TNF-α, in a caspase-1 and IL-1 receptor-dependent manner. Conclusions Collectively, these findings show that the Q705K polymorphism in NLRP3 is a gain-of-function alteration leading to an overactive NLRP3 inflammasome. The option of IL-1β blockade may be considered in patients with chronic inflammatory disorders that are unresponsive to conventional treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Verma
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
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Budzianowski J. [Tobacco--a producer of recombinant interleukins]. Przegl Lek 2012; 69:1060-2. [PMID: 23421092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Interleukins are cytokines of highly pleiotropic activity and they have high potential for application in the treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases. Trials of recombinant interleukin production in plants relate almost exclusively to tobacco, where through the transformation of the nuclear genome (agroinfection) monomeric (IL-2, IL-4, IL-13, IL-18), homodimeric (IL-10) and single-chain heterodimeric (IL-12) interleukins have been obtained. The expression of IL-10 as a homodimer in the chloroplast genome could not be reached. Expression of the given interleukin was obtained in the leaves, cell culture and culture of hairy roots of tobacco. Interleukins obtained in tobacco showed similar in vitro biological activity as commercial ILs produced mostly in E. coli. Glycosylated IL-13 obtained in tobacco was much more resistant to proteolytic digestion than commercial non-glycosylated IL-13; therefore in the case of sufficiently large production it could be suitable for oral administration in the treatment of type I diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaromir Budzianowski
- Katedra i Zakład Botaniki Farmaceutycznej i Biotechnologii Roślin, Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego, 61-861 Poznań, ul. Sw. Marii Magdaleny 14.
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Vongsakul M, Kasisith J, Noisumdaeng P, Puthavathana P. The difference in IL-1beta , MIP-1alpha, IL-8 and IL-18 production between the infection of PMA activated U937 cells with recombinant vaccinia viruses inserted 2004 H5N1 influenza HA genes and NS genes. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2011; 29:349-356. [PMID: 22299315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The severity of avian influenza H5N1 disease is correlated with the ability of the virus to induce an over production of proinflammatory cytokines from innate immune cells. However, the role of each virus gene is unknown. To elaborate the function of each virus gene, the recombinant vaccinia virus inserted HA and NS gene from the 2004 H5N1 virus were used in the study. METHODS U937 cells and PMA activated U937 cells were infected with recombinant vaccinia virus inserted with HA or NS gene. The expressions of HA and NS proteins in cells were detected on immunofluorescence stained slides using a confocal microscope. The cytokine productions in the cell supernatant were quantitated by ELISA. RESULTS The recombinant vaccinia virus inserted with HA genes induces the production of IL-1beta, MIP-1alpha, IL-8 and IL-18 cytokines from PMA activated U937 cells significantly more than cells infected with wild type vaccinia, whereas the recombinant vaccinia virus inserted with NS genes it was similar to that with the wild type vaccinia virus. However, there was no synergistic nor antagonistic effect of HA genes and NS genes in relation to cytokines production. CONCLUSION Only the HA gene from the 2004 H5N1 virus induces IL-1beta, MIP-lalpha, IL-8 and IL-18 cytokine productions from activated U937 cells. The same HA gene effect may or may not be the same in respiratory epithelial cells and this needs to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molvibha Vongsakul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Abstract
ATP is an extracellular signal for the immune system, particularly during an inflammatory response. It is sensed by the P2X7 receptor, the expression of which is upregulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. Activation of the P2X7 receptor opens a cation-specific channel that alters the ionic environment of the cell, activating several pathways, including (i) the inflammasome, leading to production of IL-1β and IL-18; (ii) the stress-activated protein kinase pathway, resulting in apoptosis; (iii) the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, leading to generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates; and (iv) phospholipase D, stimulating phagosome-lysosome fusion. The P2X7 receptor can initiate host mechanisms to remove pathogens, most particularly those that parasitise macrophages. At the same time, the P2X7 receptor may be subverted by pathogens to modulate host responses. Moreover, recent genetic studies have demonstrated significant associations between susceptibility or resistance to parasites and bacteria, and loss-of-function or gain-of-function polymorphisms in the P2X7 receptor, underscoring its importance in infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M. Miller
- Institute for the Biotechnology of Infectious Diseases, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicola R. Boulter
- Institute for the Biotechnology of Infectious Diseases, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Fuller
- Nepean Clinical School, Nepean Hospital, The University of Sydney, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alana M. Zakrzewski
- Institute for the Biotechnology of Infectious Diseases, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael P. Lees
- Institute for the Biotechnology of Infectious Diseases, University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bernadette M. Saunders
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine & Cell Biology, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James S. Wiley
- Florey Neuroscience Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicholas C. Smith
- Queensland Tropical Health Alliance, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Smithfield, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Schmidt RL, Filak HC, Lemon JD, Potter TA, Lenz LL. A LysM and SH3-domain containing region of the Listeria monocytogenes p60 protein stimulates accessory cells to promote activation of host NK cells. PLoS Pathog 2011; 7:e1002368. [PMID: 22072975 PMCID: PMC3207947 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) infection induces rapid and robust activation of host natural killer (NK) cells. Here we define a region of the abundantly secreted Lm endopeptidase, p60, that potently but indirectly stimulates NK cell activation in vitro and in vivo. Lm expression of p60 resulted in increased IFNγ production by naïve NK cells co-cultured with treated dendritic cells (DCs). Moreover, recombinant p60 protein stimulated activation of naive NK cells when co-cultured with TLR or cytokine primed DCs in the absence of Lm. Intact p60 protein weakly digested bacterial peptidoglycan (PGN), but neither muropeptide recognition by RIP2 nor the catalytic activity of p60 was required for NK cell activation. Rather, the immune stimulating activity mapped to an N-terminal region of p60, termed L1S. Treatment of DCs with a recombinant L1S polypeptide stimulated them to activate naïve NK cells in a cell culture model. Further, L1S treatment activated NK cells in vivo and increased host resistance to infection with Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS). These studies demonstrate an immune stimulating function for a bacterial LysM domain-containing polypeptide and suggest that recombinant versions of L1S or other p60 derivatives can be used to promote NK cell activation in therapeutic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L. Schmidt
- Integrated Department of Immunology, National Jewish Health and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Holly C. Filak
- Integrated Department of Immunology, National Jewish Health and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Jack D. Lemon
- Integrated Department of Immunology, National Jewish Health and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Terry A. Potter
- Integrated Department of Immunology, National Jewish Health and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Laurel L. Lenz
- Integrated Department of Immunology, National Jewish Health and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
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Turchaninova MA, Meshcheriakov AA, Rakhmankulova ZP, Rebrikov DV. [Characterization of circulating RNA in plasma as potential tool for breast cancer diagnostics]. Bioorg Khim 2011; 37:393-8. [PMID: 21899055 DOI: 10.1134/s1068162011030186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The representation patterns of 15 cytokines RNA in blood plasma and blood cells of patients with breast cancer and apparently healthy women were investigated. Relative levels of RNA IL-8 and IL-18 in plasma of breast cancer patients are significantly increased compared with control group. At the same time no obvious differences were found in relative concentrations of these transcripts in blood cells of patients and control groups. Relative concentration of IL-8 RNA was higher in blood plasma of locally advanced compared with early breast cancer patients.
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Muneta Y, Minagawa Y, Nakane T, Shibahara T, Yoshikawa T, Omata Y. Interleukin-18 expression in pig salivary glands and salivary content changes during acute immobilization stress. Stress 2011; 14:549-56. [PMID: 21682650 DOI: 10.3109/10253890.2011.565392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) has recently been considered a promising marker of stress responses. In this study, to evaluate IL-18 as a noninvasive stress marker in pigs, we investigated the expression of IL-18 in porcine salivary glands and its presence in saliva, and its dynamics during acute immobilization stress in pigs. IL-18 mRNA was detected robustly in the pig salivary glands by RT-PCR. Immunohistochemical staining of IL-18 protein expression revealed that the expression patterns differed among the three types of salivary glands (parotid, submandibular, and sublingual gland). IL-18 was also detected in pig saliva by ELISA, and a diurnal rhythm with a peak in the afternoon was observed. The IL-18 concentration in saliva was significantly increased during a 60-min acute immobilization stress in thirteen 5-month-old pigs. These results are the first evidence of a stress-related change of IL-18 in pig saliva. Salivary IL-18 may thus become a useful noninvasive marker for the evaluation of acute stress in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Muneta
- Research Team for Advanced Biologicals, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 3-1-5, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Villeda-Ramírez MA, Mendivil EJ, Domínguez-López A, Yamamoto-Furusho JK. Interleukin-18 upregulation is associated with the use of steroids in patients with ulcerative colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2011; 17:E50-1. [PMID: 21456035 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.21700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Xiang Y, Jiang MH, Wang DS, Gao J, Zhang YX, Liu YX, Zheng DX. [Effect of miR-146a on IL-18 expression in mouse macrophage]. Xi Bao Yu Fen Zi Mian Yi Xue Za Zhi 2011; 27:477-479. [PMID: 21557898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of miR-146a on the Th1/Th2 cytokine expression in mouse RAW264.7 cell line and primary peritoneal macrophage. METHODS miR-146a mimics, mimics negative control (NC mimics), inhibitor miR-146a and inhibitor negative control (NC inhibitor) were transfected into RAW264.7 cells and freshly isolated peritoneal macrophage. IL-18, IL-5 and IL-10 expressions in the cells were measured by real time PCR. RESULTS MiR-146a mimics suppressed IL-18 expression (P<0.05), and miR-146a specific inhibitor increased IL-18 expression significantly (P<0.05). However, IL-5 and IL-10 expressions were not affected by both miR-146a mimics and miR-146a inhibitor transfections. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate at first time that miR-146a can regulate Th1 cytokine IL-18 expression, but not affect Th2 cytokine IL-5 and IL-10 expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiang
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
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Wang Z, Wang Y, Chen H, Shao P, Ning X, Pan N, Han L, Cui B. [Expression of porcine interleukin-18 in baculovirus/insect cells]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2011; 27:118-123. [PMID: 21553497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
IL-18, as a polyphonic cytokine, is important in immune response and physiologic function. We designed one pair of primers, amplified the porcine IL-18 gene fused with a C-terminal 6xHistidine tag, and then subcloned into the pFastBacDual of Baculovirus transfer vector and transformed into DH10Bac containing a shuttle vector of Bacmid. After co-transfecting the recombinant plasmid into insect cells, the 18 kDa expressed protein of porcine IL-18 was detected by SDS-PAGE; the specificity of expressed protein was confirmed by Western blotting. The purified porcine IL-18 protein induced obvious proliferation of porcine T lymphocytes in vitro, which indicated that the expression of IL-18 had high biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenya Wang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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van de Wetering D, de Paus RA, van Dissel JT, van de Vosse E. Salmonella induced IL-23 and IL-1beta allow for IL-12 production by monocytes and Mphi1 through induction of IFN-gamma in CD56 NK/NK-like T cells. PLoS One 2009; 4:e8396. [PMID: 20027291 PMCID: PMC2791865 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2009] [Accepted: 11/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The type-1 cytokine pathway plays a pivotal role in immunity against intracellular bacterial pathogens such as Salmonellae and Mycobacteria. Bacterial stimulation of pattern recognition receptors on monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells initiates this pathway, and results in the production of cytokines that activate lymphocytes to produce interferon (IFN)-γ. Interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-23 are thought to be the key cytokines required for initiating a type-1 cytokine immune response to Mycobacteria and Salmonellae. The relative contribution of IL-23 and IL-12 to this process is uncertain. Methodology/Principal Findings We show that various TLR agonists induce the production of IL-23 but not IL-12 in freshly isolated human monocytes and cultured human macrophages. In addition, type 1 pro-inflammatory macrophages (Mϕ1) differentiated in the presence of GM-CSF and infected with live Salmonella produce IL-23, IL-1β and IL-18, but not IL-12. Supernatants of Salmonella-infected Mϕ1 contained more IL-18 and IL-1β as compared with supernatants of Mϕ1 stimulated with isolated TLR agonists, and induced IFN-γ production in human CD56+ cells in an IL-23 and IL-1β-dependent but IL-12-independent manner. In addition, IL-23 together with IL-18 or IL-1β led to the production of GM-CSF in CD56+ cells. Both IFN-γ and GM-CSF enhanced IL-23 production by monocytes in response to TLR agonists, as well as induced IL-12 production. Conclusions/Significance The findings implicate a positive feedback loop in which IL-23 can enhance its release via induction of IFN-γ and GM-CSF. The IL-23 induced cytokines allow for the subsequent production of IL-12 and amplify the IFN-γ production in the type-1 cytokine pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roelof A. de Paus
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap T. van Dissel
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Esther van de Vosse
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Imamura M, Tsutsui H, Yasuda K, Uchiyama R, Yumikura-Futatsugi S, Mitani K, Hayashi S, Akira S, Taniguchi SI, Van Rooijen N, Tschopp J, Yamamoto T, Fujimoto J, Nakanishi K. Contribution of TIR domain-containing adapter inducing IFN-beta-mediated IL-18 release to LPS-induced liver injury in mice. J Hepatol 2009; 51:333-41. [PMID: 19501931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2009.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2009] [Revised: 02/28/2009] [Accepted: 03/12/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS After treatment with heat-killed Propionibacterium acnes mice show dense hepatic granuloma formation. Such mice develop liver injury in an interleukin (IL)-18-dependent manner after challenge with a sublethal dose LPS. As previously shown, LPS-stimulated Kupffer cells secrete IL-18 depending on caspase-1 and Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 but independently of its signal adaptor myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), suggesting importance of another signal adaptor TIR domain-containing adapter inducing IFN-beta (TRIF). Nalp3 inflammasome reportedly controls caspase-1 activation. Here we investigated the roles of MyD88 and TRIF in P. acnes-induced hepatic granuloma formation and LPS-induced caspase-1 activation for IL-18 release. METHODS Mice were sequentially treated with P. acnes and LPS, and their serum IL-18 levels and liver injuries were determined by ELISA and ALT/AST measurement, respectively. Active caspase-1 in LPS-stimulated Kupffer cells was determined by Western blotting. RESULTS Macrophage-ablated mice lacked P. acnes-induced hepatic granuloma formation and LPS-induced serum IL-18 elevation and liver injury. Myd88(-/-) Kupffer cells, but not Trif(-/-) cells, exhibited normal caspase-1 activation upon TLR4 engagement in vitro. Myd88(-/-) mice failed to develop hepatic granulomas after P. acnes treatment and liver injury induced by LPS challenge. In contrast, Trif(-/-) mice normally formed the hepatic granulomas, but could not release IL-18 or develop the liver injury. Nalp3(-/-) mice showed the same phenotypes of Trif(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS Propionibacterium acnes treatment MyD88-dependently induced hepatic granuloma formation. Subsequent LPS TRIF-dependently activated caspase-1 via Nalp3 inflammasome and induced IL-18 release, eventually leading to the liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Imamura
- Department of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
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Niu YC, Liu JC, Zhao XM, Su FQ, Cui HX. Immunostimulatory activities of a low molecular weight antitumoral polysaccharide isolated from Agaricus blazei Murill (LMPAB) in Sarcoma 180 ascitic tumor-bearing mice. Pharmazie 2009; 64:472-476. [PMID: 19694186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
LMPAB is a linear beta-(1-3)-glucan we isolated from polysaccharide extract of Agaricus blazei Murill (AbM). Effects of LMPAB on splenic natural killer (NK) cell activity, splenocyte proliferation, index of spleen and thymus, IFN-gamma expression in spleen and the concentration of IL-12, IL-18 and TNF-alpha in serum of S180 ascitic tumor-bearing mice were detected. The results showed that intraperitoneal injection of LMPAB (100 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) significantly increased the thymus index. LMPAB augmented splenic NK cell activity in a dose-dependent manner (50-200 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)). The concanavalin A (3 microg/ ml) stimulated splenocyte proliferation was significantly enhanced by LMPAB at dosages of 50, 100 or 200 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1). Further studies showed that LMPAB (50, 100 or 200 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1), 14d) significantly increased the production of IL-12, TNF-alpha, IL-18 and the expression IFN-gamma as determined by ELISA and immunohistochemistry, respectively. These results clearly indicate that the anti-tumor effects of LMPAB are closely associated with up-regulation of activity of NK cells, expression of IFN-gamma in spleen and the systemic level of IL-12, IL-18 and TNF-alpha in tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Cai Niu
- The Institute of Medicine, Qiqihar Medical College, 249 Heping Road, Fula'erji District, Qiqihar 161042, China
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Saitoh T, Naonobu F, Yoshimori T, Akira S. [Regulation of inflammation by autophagy]. Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 2009; 54:1119-1124. [PMID: 21089551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Mousa A, Al-Zaki A, Taha S, Bakhiet M. Induction of interleukin-18 in atherosclerotic patients: a role for Chlamydia pneumoniae. Med Princ Pract 2009; 18:105-10. [PMID: 19204428 DOI: 10.1159/000189807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2008] [Accepted: 07/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present work explored gene expression and spontaneous induction of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18) in atherosclerotic patients. In addition, the effect of the chlamydial antigen heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the induction of this mediator was examined. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Detection of IL-18 mRNA and protein level were assessed by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively, in 15 patients with coronary artery disease undergoing angiograms and 15 matching controls. RESULTS These experiments showed significantly high levels of spontaneously expressed IL-18 mRNA and high protein levels in patients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.0005). Cells stimulated with chlamydial HSP60 (CHSP60) and LPS showed a significantly high expression of IL-18 at the mRNA level (p < 0.0005 for CHSP60 and p < 0.005 for LPS) and an increased production of IL-18 at protein level (p < 0.0005 for CHSP60 and p < 0.005 for LPS). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated de novo synthesis of the inflammatory cytokine IL-18 in atherosclerosis and, furthermore, that chlamydial antigens might play a role in the immunopathological events in this disease by generating more inflammatory mediators such as IL-18.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyaa Mousa
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
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Okamoto M, Azuma K, Hoshino T, Imaoka H, Ikeda J, Kinoshita T, Takamori S, Ohshima K, Edakuni N, Kato S, Iwanaga T, Aizawa H. Correlation of decreased survival and IL-18 in bone metastasis. Intern Med 2009; 48:763-73. [PMID: 19443970 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.48.1851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies have reported that serum IL-18 levels are increased in some cancers. We investigated whether IL-18 production is increased in sera and cancer cells of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS OR MATERIALS Serum levels of IFN-gamma and IL-18 and thioredoxin 1 (TRX1) were measured in 79 patients (51 males, 28 females, median age 67 years) with advanced NSCLC (57 adenocarcinoma, 22 squamous cell carcinoma; TNM stages IIIA [n=11], IIIB [n=24], and IV [n=44]) and 75 healthy age-matched controls (44 males, 31 females, median age 65 years) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We examined IL-18 production in the lungs and sites of bone metastasis of adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Serum IL-18, IFN-gamma, and TRX1 levels in NSCLC patients were significantly (p<0.0001, p=0.0031, and p<0.0001, respectively) higher than in control subjects, while serum IFN-gamma levels in NSCLC were slightly increased. Serum IL-18, but not IFN-gamma or TRX1, levels were significantly (p=0.0102) and negatively associated with overall survival in NSCLC. The serum IL-18 level was identified as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in multivariate survival analysis. Moreover, serum IL-18 levels were significantly (p=0.049) higher in NSCLC with bone metastasis than in NSCLC without bone metastasis. Based on immunohistochemistry, we observed that cancer cells in the lungs and bone metastases markedly produced IL-18. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that elevated serum IL-18 levels may be associated with IL-18 producing cancer cells in advanced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Okamoto
- Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume
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Kim CS, Lee SY, Cho SH, Ko YM, Kim BH, Kim HJ, Park JC, Kim DK, Ahn H, Kim BO, Lim SH, Chun HS, Kim DK. Cordyceps militaris induces the IL-18 expression via its promoter activation for IFN-gamma production. J Ethnopharmacol 2008; 120:366-371. [PMID: 18929637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2008] [Revised: 09/04/2008] [Accepted: 09/05/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cordyceps militaris, one of traditional herbal ingredient in oriental medicine, has been known to promote anticancer and immunomodulatory activities in vitro and in vivo. However, the biological mechanism of anticancer activity has been unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Cordyceps militaris extract on expression of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) through interlukin-18 (IL-18) induction and its biological mechanism in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were administrated orally with solution extracted from Cordyceps militaris. The transcription level of IL-18 and IFN-gamma production were measured by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. RAW 264.7 cells were transiently transfected with pCATp1 and pCATp2 for IL-18 promoter functional analysis. RESULTS Cordyceps militaris extracts treatment significantly induced level of IL-18 transcription in mouse brain and liver and enhanced IL-18 transcription level and activated the IFN-gamma production in RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, Cordyceps militaris extract led to increase the activity of pCATp1 construct containing the 5' franking region of IL-18 promoter in RAW 264.7 cells. CONCLUSION Cordyceps militaris extract induced IL-18 mRNA level via enhancing of P1 promoter region result in activation of IFN-gamma production, indicating its potential as an immune activator or anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Sung Kim
- Oral Biology Research Institute and The second stage of BK21, Chosun University College of Dentistry, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea
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Xiao WH, Hong TP, Wang HN, Liu GQ, Liu Z, Wang YR. [Thyrocytes contribute to their own demise: the role of interleukin-18 in Hashimoto's thyroiditis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2008; 88:2817-2820. [PMID: 19080488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the IL-18 expression in the thyroid tissues of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and its cellular localization and the effect of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on the interleukin- (IL)-18 expression in thyrocytes. METHODS RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the IL-18 expression and its cellular localization in the thyroid tissues biopsy specimens of 6 HT patients with normal thyroid function, 6 normal thyroid specimens resected from patients with pharyngeal carcinoma, and 16 specimens of thyroid tissues adjacent to the thyroid adenoma obtained during operation. Thyrocytes were isolated, cultured, and exposed to IL-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), or IFN-gamma for 48 h. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the IL-18 expression. RESULTS IL-18 mRNA expression was at an extremely low levels in the normal thyroid tissues and at a significantly higher level in the thyroid tissues of HT. Immunohistochemical staining showed that IL-18 expression was augmented in the thyroid tissues of HT and was mainly localized in the thyroid follicular cells. The IL-18 mRNA expression in the isolated human thyrocytes was dose-dependently elevated by IFN-gamma rather than TNF-alpha or IL-1beta. Western blotting showed that pro-IL-18, but not mature IL-18, was detected in the lysates of the cultured human thyrocytes and the expression of pro-IL-18 was increased by IFN-gamma. CONCLUSION IL-18 expression is elevated in the thyroid follicular cells of HT. IL-18 is constitutively expressed in the isolated human thyrocytes and its expression is up-regulated by IFN-gamma. Therefore, interplay between IL-18 and IFN-gamma may have an important role in the thyrocytes destruction in HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-hua Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100083, China
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Horohov DW, Breathnach CC, Sturgill TL, Rashid C, Stiltner JL, Strong D, Nieman N, Holland RE. In vitro and in vivo modulation of the equine immune response by parapoxvirus ovis. Equine Vet J 2008; 40:468-72. [PMID: 18678554 DOI: 10.2746/042516408x322111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
REASON FOR PERFORMING STUDY While immune modulators are used routinely in equine medicine, their mechanism of action is not always known. OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of a commercial preparation of inactivated parapoxvirus ovis (Orf virus; PPVO) on cytokine gene expression by equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS PBMC were prepared from 6 mixed-breed yearlings and cultured in vitro with PPVO with or without Concanavalin A (Con A) for 24 h. Effects on the expression of IFNalpha, IFNbeta IFNgamma, TNFalpha and IL-18 were analysed by real time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR). In addition, 12 yearling horses were treated with PPVO and whole blood RNA samples were prepared at regular intervals to assess effects on in vivo cytokine gene expression. Six of those yearlings were later treated with saline and served as treatment controls. Nine additional yearlings were injected intradermally with a single dose and their injection sites biopsied at 24 and 48 h for cytokine expression. RESULTS In vitro culture of PBMC with PPVO led to a significant increase in IFNalpha and IFNbeta gene expression compared to mock-stimulated cultures. In addition, expression of IFNgamma and TNFalpha was significantly higher in PBMC stimulated with PPVO and Con A, than those stimulated with Con A alone. No changes were observed in IL-18 gene expression in vitro. Treatment of horses with a 3-dose regimen of PPVO resulted in elevation of IFNgamma gene expression, which was detected 24 h after the first dose and declined thereafter. Intradermal inoculation led to increased expression of IFNgamma along with IFNbeta, IL-15 and IL-18. CONCLUSIONS Together these results indicate that PPVO stimulated IFNgamma production both in vitro and in vivo. Increased cytokine expression could account for its immunomodulatory activity. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE The absence of adverse reactions and clear indications of increased expression of cytokine gene expression supports previous clinical uses for this immune modulator in those situations when increased expression of IFNgamma is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Horohov
- Department of Veterinary Science, Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546-0099, USA
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Nourizadeh M, Aghamohammadi A, Moazzeni SM, Mahdavi M, Rezaei N, Hadjati J. High production of IL-18 by dendritic cells induced by sera from patients with primary antibody deficiency. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2008; 6:59-65. [PMID: 17563405 DOI: 06.02/ijaai.5969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Predominantly antibody deficiencies are a category of primary immunodeficiency diseases, which consist of several rare disorders such as common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA). We evaluated the effects of CVID and XLA patients' sera as a source of microenviromental factors on maturation and function of monocyte-derived DCs. Blood was collected from 10 CVID and 5 XLA patients before immunoglobulin replacement therapy and also from 8 healthy volunteers in order to obtain necessary sera for this study. Monocyte derived DCs were generated from blood cells obtained from healthy volunteers in the presence of GM-CSF, IL-4 and 10% serum concentrations from cases and controls. Immature DCs were incubated with monocyte conditioned medium (MCM) and TNF- in order to generate mature DCs. Interleukin 18 (IL-18) production by CD40L-activated mature DCs was measured after 24 hours of culture in vitro.IL-18 production by DCs generated in the presence of CVID and XLA patients' sera were 6.75+/-2.59 and 7.08+/-1.75 ng/ml, respectively, which were significantly higher than normal serum conditioned DCs (3.55+/-0.68) ng/ml. These results suggest that the sera of patients with predominantly antibody deficiencies may contain soluble factor(s) that can induce a significant increase in IL-18 production by DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Nourizadeh
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Medical Sciences/Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
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Kang MJ, Lee CG, Lee JY, Dela Cruz CS, Chen ZJ, Enelow R, Elias JA. Cigarette smoke selectively enhances viral PAMP- and virus-induced pulmonary innate immune and remodeling responses in mice. J Clin Invest 2008; 118:2771-84. [PMID: 18654661 PMCID: PMC2483678 DOI: 10.1172/jci32709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2007] [Accepted: 06/11/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections have more severe consequences in patients who have been exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) than in those not exposed to CS. For example, in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), viruses cause more severe disease exacerbation, heightened inflammation, and accelerated loss of lung function compared with other causes of disease exacerbation. Symptomatology and mortality in influenza-infected smokers is also enhanced. To test the hypothesis that these outcomes are caused by CS-induced alterations in innate immunity, we defined the effects of CS on pathogen-associated molecular pattern-induced (PAMP-induced) pulmonary inflammation and remodeling in mice. CS was found to enhance parenchymal and airway inflammation and apoptosis induced by the viral PAMP poly(I:C). CS and poly(I:C) also induced accelerated emphysema and airway fibrosis. The effects of a combination of CS and poly(I:C) were associated with early induction of type I IFN and IL-18, later induction of IL-12/IL-23 p40 and IFN-gamma, and the activation of double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) and eukaryotic initiation factor-2alpha (eIF2alpha). Further analysis using mice lacking specific proteins indicated a role for TLR3-dependent and -independent pathways as well as a pathway or pathways that are dependent on mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), IL-18Ralpha, IFN-gamma, and PKR. Importantly, CS enhanced the effects of influenza but not other agonists of innate immunity in a similar fashion. These studies demonstrate that CS selectively augments the airway and alveolar inflammatory and remodeling responses induced in the murine lung by viral PAMPs and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jong Kang
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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