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Romanholo PVV, de Andrade LM, Silva-Neto HA, Coltro WKT, Sgobbi LF. Digitally Controlled Printing of Bioink Barriers for Paper-Based Analytical Devices: An Environmentally Friendly One-Step Approach. Anal Chem 2024; 96:5349-5356. [PMID: 38554084 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
The patterning of hydrophilic paper with hydrophobic materials has emerged as an interesting method for the fabrication of paper-based devices (PADs). Herein, we demonstrate a digitally automated, easy, low-cost, eco-friendly, and readily available method to create highly hydrophobic barriers on paper that can be promptly employed with PADs by simply using a bioink made with rosin, a commercially available natural resin obtained from conifer trees. The bioink can be easily delivered with the use of a ballpoint pen to produce water- and organic solvent-resistant barriers, showing superior properties when compared to other methods such as wax-printing or permanent markers. The approach enables the pen to be attached to a commercially available cutting printer to perform the semiautomated fabrication of hydrophobic barriers for PADs. With the aid of digitally controlled optimization, together with features of machine learning and design of experiments, we show a thorough investigation on the barrier strength that can be further adjusted to the desired application's needs. Then, we explored the barrier sturdiness across various uses, such as wide range aqueous pH sensing and the harsh acidic/organic conditions needed for the colorimetric detection of cholecalciferol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro V V Romanholo
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Larissa M de Andrade
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Habdias A Silva-Neto
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Wendell K T Coltro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, 13083-861 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Livia F Sgobbi
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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2
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Nguyen T, Ho L, Moinuddin SM, Sarkar T, Saha D, Ahsan F. Multicellular Cell Seeding on a Chip: New Design and Optimization towards Commercialization. Biosensors (Basel) 2022; 12:bios12080587. [PMID: 36004984 PMCID: PMC9405756 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper shows both experimental and in-depth theoretical studies (including simulations and analytical solutions) on a microfluidic platform to optimize its design and use for 3D multicellular co-culture applications, e.g., creating a tissue-on-chip model for investigating diseases such as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). A tissue microfluidic chip usually has more than two channels to seed cells and supply media. These channels are often separated by barriers made of micro-posts. The optimization for the structures of these micro-posts and their spacing distances is not considered previously, especially for the aspects of rapid and cost-efficient fabrication toward scaling up and commercialization. Our experimental and theoretical (COMSOL simulations and analytical solutions) results showed the followings: (i) The cell seeding was performed successfully for this platform when the pressure drops across the two posts were significantly larger than those across the channel width. The circular posts can be used in the position of hexagonal or other shapes. (ii) In this work, circular posts are fabricated and used for the first time. They offer an excellent barrier effect, i.e., prevent the liquid and gel from migrating from one channel to another. (iii) As for rapid and cost-efficient production, our computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) simulation confirms that circular-post fabrication is much easier and more rapid than hexagonal posts when utilizing micro-machining techniques, e.g., micro-milling for creating the master mold, i.e., the shim for polymer injection molding. The findings open up a possibility for rapid, cost-efficient, large-scale fabrication of the tissue chips using micro-milling instead of expensive clean-room (soft) lithography techniques, hence enhancing the production of biochips via thermoplastic polymer injection molding and realizing commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trieu Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA; (T.N.); (L.H.); (S.M.M.); (T.S.)
- East Bay Institute for Research & Education (EBIRE), Mather, CA 95655, USA;
| | - Linh Ho
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA; (T.N.); (L.H.); (S.M.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Sakib M. Moinuddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA; (T.N.); (L.H.); (S.M.M.); (T.S.)
- East Bay Institute for Research & Education (EBIRE), Mather, CA 95655, USA;
| | - Tanoy Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA; (T.N.); (L.H.); (S.M.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Dipongkor Saha
- East Bay Institute for Research & Education (EBIRE), Mather, CA 95655, USA;
| | - Fakhrul Ahsan
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA; (T.N.); (L.H.); (S.M.M.); (T.S.)
- East Bay Institute for Research & Education (EBIRE), Mather, CA 95655, USA;
- MedLuidics, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
- Correspondence:
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3
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Kabusure KM, Piskunen P, Yang J, Kataja M, Chacha M, Ojasalo S, Shen B, Hakala TK, Linko V. Optical characterization of DNA origami-shaped silver nanoparticles created through biotemplated lithography. Nanoscale 2022; 14:9648-9654. [PMID: 35718875 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06256e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Here, we study optically resonant substrates fabricated using the previously reported BLIN (biotemplated lithography of inorganic nanostructures) technique with single triangle and bowtie DNA origami as templates. We present the first optical characterization of BLIN-fabricated origami-shaped silver nanoparticle patterns on glass surfaces, comprising optical transmission measurements and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. The formed nanoparticle patterns are examined by optical transmission measurements and used for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) dye molecules. Polarization-resolved simulations reveal that the higher SERS enhancement observed for the bowties is primarily due to spectral overlap of the optical resonances with the Raman transitions of R6G. The results manifest the applicability of the BLIN method and substantiate its potential in parallel and high-throughput substrate manufacturing with engineered optical properties. While the results demonstrate the crucial role of the formed nanogaps for SERS, the DNA origami may enable even more complex nanopatterns for various optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabusure M Kabusure
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 2, P.O Box 111, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland.
| | - Petteri Piskunen
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland.
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 2, P.O Box 111, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland.
| | - Mikko Kataja
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 2, P.O Box 111, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland.
| | - Mwita Chacha
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 2, P.O Box 111, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland.
| | - Sofia Ojasalo
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland.
| | - Boxuan Shen
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tommi K Hakala
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 2, P.O Box 111, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland.
| | - Veikko Linko
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland.
- LIBER Center of Excellence, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16100, FI-00076, Aalto, Finland
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4
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Zhang X, Ding S, Magoline J, Ivankin A, Mirkin CA. Photopolymerized Features via Beam Pen Lithography as a Novel Tool for the Generation of Large Area Protein Micropatterns. Small 2022; 18:e2105998. [PMID: 35119205 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202105998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A cantilever-free scanning probe lithography (CF-SPL)-based method for the rapid polymerization of nanoscale features on a surface via crosslinking and thiol-acrylate photoreactions is described, wherein the nanoscale position, height, and diameter of each feature can be finely and independently tuned. With precise spatiotemporal control over the illumination pattern, beam pen lithography (BPL) allows for the photo-crosslinking of polymers into ultrahigh resolution features over centimeter-scale areas using massively parallel >160 000 pen arrays of individually addressable pens that guide and focus light onto the surface with sub-diffraction resolution. The photoinduced crosslinking reaction of the ink material, which is composed of photoinitiator, diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, and thiol-modified functional binding molecules (i.e., thiol-PEG-biotin or 16-mercaptohexanoic acid), proceeds to ≈80% conversion with UV exposure (72 mW cm-2 ) for short time periods (0.5 s). Such polymer patterns are further reacted with proteins (streptavidin and fibronectin) to yield protein arrays with feature arrangements at high resolution and densities controlled by local UV exposure. This platform, which combines polymer photochemistry and massive arrays of scanning probes, constitutes a new approach to making biomolecular microarrays in a high-throughput and high-yielding manner, opening new routes for biochip synthesis, bioscreening, and cell biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Shaowei Ding
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- TERA-print, LLC, 8140 McCormick Blvd, Suite 132, Skokie, IL, 60076, USA
| | - Jared Magoline
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- TERA-print, LLC, 8140 McCormick Blvd, Suite 132, Skokie, IL, 60076, USA
| | - Andrey Ivankin
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- TERA-print, LLC, 8140 McCormick Blvd, Suite 132, Skokie, IL, 60076, USA
| | - Chad A Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- TERA-print, LLC, 8140 McCormick Blvd, Suite 132, Skokie, IL, 60076, USA
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5
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Rincón-Iglesias M, Delgado A, Peřinka N, Lizundia E, Lanceros-Méndez S. Water-based 2D printing of magnetically active cellulose derivative nanocomposites. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 233:115855. [PMID: 32059906 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication of magnetic materials typically involves expensive, non-scalable, time-consuming or toxic processes. Here we report a scalable, quick and environmentally-benign fabrication of magnetically active materials through screen printing using mechanically flexible paper having micron-sized pores as substrates. In comparison with traditional multicomponent inks, simple aqueous dispersions comprising solely water-soluble cellulose derivatives and cobalt ferrite nanoparticles are used. Depending on the cellulosic matrix used, inks with viscosities in the 500-2.500 mPa s range were obtained for shear rates of 20-100 s-1. Patterns with line widths from 183 to 642 μm with a maximum deviation of 9 % were fabricated. The largest magnetization saturation obtained of 0.024 emu (or 0.021 emu cm-2) for the hydroxypropyl cellulose-based ink demonstrates enough magnetization for applications in areas such as actuators and sensors. This work provides novel insights towards the processing of renewable, magnetically active and mechanically flexible materials with tailored geometries which use water as the sole solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Rincón-Iglesias
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Aitor Delgado
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Nikola Peřinka
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Erlantz Lizundia
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain; Department of Graphic Design and Engineering Projects, Faculty of Engineering in Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao 48013, Spain.
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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6
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Szalkowski M, Sulowska K, Jönsson-Niedziółka M, Wiwatowski K, Niedziółka-Jönsson J, Maćkowski S, Piątkowski D. Photochemical Printing of Plasmonically Active Silver Nanostructures. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2006. [PMID: 32187983 PMCID: PMC7139935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate plasmonic substrates prepared on demand, using a straightforward technique, based on laser-induced photochemical reduction of silver compounds on a glass substrate. Importantly, the presented technique does not impose any restrictions regarding the shape and length of the metallic pattern. Plasmonic interactions have been probed using both Stokes and anti-Stokes types of emitters that served as photoluminescence probes. For both cases, we observed a pronounced increase of the photoluminescence intensity for emitters deposited on silver patterns. By studying the absorption and emission dynamics, we identified the mechanisms responsible for emission enhancement and the position of the plasmonic resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Szalkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.S.); (K.S.); (K.W.); (D.P.)
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Karolina Sulowska
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.S.); (K.S.); (K.W.); (D.P.)
| | - Martin Jönsson-Niedziółka
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland; (M.J.-N.); (J.N.-J.)
| | - Kamil Wiwatowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.S.); (K.S.); (K.W.); (D.P.)
| | - Joanna Niedziółka-Jönsson
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland; (M.J.-N.); (J.N.-J.)
| | - Sebastian Maćkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.S.); (K.S.); (K.W.); (D.P.)
| | - Dawid Piątkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (M.S.); (K.S.); (K.W.); (D.P.)
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7
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Lölsberg J, Cinar A, Felder D, Linz G, Djeljadini S, Wessling M. Two-Photon Vertical-Flow Lithography for Microtube Synthesis. Small 2019; 15:e1901356. [PMID: 31168917 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Two-photon vertical-flow lithography is demonstrated for synthesis of complex-shaped polymeric microtubes with a high aspect ratio (>100:1). This unique microfluidic approach provides rigorous control over the morphology and surface topology to generate thin-walled (<1 µm) microtubes with a tunable diameter (1-400 µm) and pore size (1-20 µm). The interplay between fluid-flow control and two-photon lithography presents a generic high-resolution method that will substantially contribute toward the future development of biocompatible scaffolds, stents, needles, nerve guides, membranes, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Lölsberg
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Chemical Process Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Arne Cinar
- Chemical Process Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniel Felder
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Chemical Process Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Georg Linz
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Chemical Process Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Suzana Djeljadini
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Chemical Process Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Wessling
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Chemical Process Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 51, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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8
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Abstract
Direct laser writing (DLW) is a three-dimensional (3D) manufacturing technology that offers vast architectural control at submicron scales, yet remains limited in cases that demand microstructures comprising more than one material. Here we present an accessible microfluidic multi-material DLW (μFMM-DLW) strategy that enables 3D nanostructured components to be printed with average material registration accuracies of 100 ± 70 nm (ΔX) and 190 ± 170 nm (ΔY) - a significant improvement versus conventional multi-material DLW methods. Results for printing 3D microstructures with up to five materials suggest that μFMM-DLW can be utilized in applications that demand geometrically complex, multi-material microsystems, such as for photonics, meta-materials, and 3D cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Lamont
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, and Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, Maryland Robotics Center, University of Maryland, 2152 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA.
| | - Michael A Restaino
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, and Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, Maryland Robotics Center, University of Maryland, 2152 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA.
| | - Matthew J Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, and Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, Maryland Robotics Center, University of Maryland, 2152 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA.
| | - Ryan D Sochol
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, and Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, Maryland Robotics Center, University of Maryland, 2152 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA.
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9
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Nandan A, Siddiqui NA, Kumar P. Assessment of environmental and ergonomic hazard associated to printing and photocopying: a review. Environ Geochem Health 2019; 41:1187-1211. [PMID: 30350125 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0205-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
"Knowledge is power" and distribution of knowledge is fueled by printing and photocopying industry. Even as printing and photocopying industry have revolutionized the availability of documents and perceptible image quickly at extremely inexpensive and affordable cost, the boon of its revolution has turned into a bane by irresponsible, uncontrolled and extensive use, causing irreversible degradation to not only ecosystem by continuous release of ozone and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) but also the health of workers occupationally exposed to it. Indoor ozone level due to emission from different photocopying equipment's increases drastically and the condition of other air quality parameters are not different. This situation is particularly sedate in extremely sensitive educational and research industry where sharing of knowledge is extremely important to meet the demands. This work is an attempt to catalogue all the environmental as well as health impacts of printing or photocopying. It has been observed that printing/photocopying operation is a significant factor contributing to indoor air quality degradation, which includes increase in concentration of ozone, VOCs, semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) and heavy metals such as cadmium, selenium, arsenic, zinc, nickel, and other pollutants from photocopy machines. The outcome of this study will empower the manufactures with information regarding ozone and other significant emission, so that their impact can be reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Nandan
- University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India.
| | - N A Siddiqui
- University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
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10
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Machairioti F, Petrou P, Oh HT, Lee JK, Kakabakos S, Argitis P, Chatzichristidi M. Bio-orthogonal fluorinated resist for biomolecules patterning applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 178:208-213. [PMID: 30856590 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The patterning of organic materials on solid substrate surfaces has been demonstrated by several methods, such as photolithography, soft lithography, imprint lithography and ink-jet printing. Fluorinated polymers and solvents provide attractive material systems to develop new patterning approaches, as they are chemically orthogonal to non-fluorinated organic molecules, allowing their efficient incorporation in different devices and systems. Moreover, fluorinated polymers are soluble in hydrofluoroether solvents, benign to biomolecules, and can be properly engineered to enable efficient photolithographic patterning. In this work, we report the development of a new photolithographic process for patterning biomolecules on any kind of surfaces either by physical adsorption or covalent bonding. The photoresist is based on a fluorinated material and hydrofluoroether solvents that have minimum interactions with biomolecules and thus they can be characterized as orthogonal to the biomolecules (bio-orthogonal). In both cases, the creation of patterns with dimensions down to 2 μm was achieved. The implementation of the developed photolithographic procedure for the creation of a multi-protein microarray is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotini Machairioti
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Immunoassay/Immunosensors Lab, INRaSTES, NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Panagiota Petrou
- Immunoassay/Immunosensors Lab, INRaSTES, NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Hyun-Taek Oh
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Jin-Kyun Lee
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Sotirios Kakabakos
- Immunoassay/Immunosensors Lab, INRaSTES, NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Argitis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
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11
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Mo L, Guo Z, Yang L, Zhang Q, Fang Y, Xin Z, Chen Z, Hu K, Han L, Li L. Silver Nanoparticles Based Ink with Moderate Sintering in Flexible and Printed Electronics. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2124. [PMID: 31036787 PMCID: PMC6539082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Printed electronics on flexible substrates has attracted tremendous research interest research thanks its low cost, large area production capability and environmentally friendly advantages. Optimal characteristics of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) based inks are crucial for ink rheology, printing, post-print treatment, and performance of the printed electronics devices. In this review, the methods and mechanisms for obtaining Ag NPs based inks that are highly conductive under moderate sintering conditions are summarized. These characteristics are particularly important when printed on temperature sensitive substrates that cannot withstand sintering of high temperature. Strategies to tailor the protective agents capping on the surface of Ag NPs, in order to optimize the sizes and shapes of Ag NPs as well as to modify the substrate surface, are presented. Different (emerging) sintering technologies are also discussed, including photonic sintering, electrical sintering, plasma sintering, microwave sintering, etc. Finally, applications of the Ag NPs based ink in transparent conductive film (TCF), thin film transistor (TFT), biosensor, radio frequency identification (RFID) antenna, stretchable electronics and their perspectives on flexible and printed electronics are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Mo
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China.
| | - Zhenxin Guo
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China.
| | - Li Yang
- Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE), RISE Bioeconomy, Drottning Kristinas väg 61, 11428 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China.
| | - Yi Fang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China.
| | - Zhiqing Xin
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China.
| | - Zheng Chen
- Shine Optoelectronics (Kunshan) Co., Ltd., Shenzhou Industrial Park, No. 33 Yuanfeng Rd, Kunshan 215300, China.
| | - Kun Hu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China.
| | - Lu Han
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China.
| | - Luhai Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Printed Electronics, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, China.
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12
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Hu Y, Liu H, Zhou X, Pan H, Wu X, Abidi N, Zhu Y, Wang J. Surface engineering of spongy bacterial cellulose via constructing crossed groove/column micropattern by low-energy CO 2 laser photolithography toward scar-free wound healing. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2019; 99:333-343. [PMID: 30889707 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a bio-derived polymer, and it has been considered as an excellent candidate material for tissue engineering. In this study, a crossed groove/column micropattern was constructed on spongy, porous BC using low-energy CO2 laser photolithography. Applying the targeted immobilization of a tetrapeptide consisting of Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic acid-Serine (H-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-OH, RGDS) as a fibronectin onto the column platform surface, the resulting micropatterned BC (RGDS-MPBC) exhibited dual affinities to fibroblasts and collagen. Material characterization of RGDS-MPBC revealed that the micropattern was built by the column part with size of ~100 × 100 μm wide and ~100 μm deep, and the groove part with size of ~150 μm wide. Hydrating the MPBC did not result in the collapse of the integrity of the micropattern, suggesting its potential application in a highly hydrated wound environment. Cell culture assays revealed that the RGDS-MPBC exhibited an improved cytotoxicity to mouse fibroblasts L929, as compared to the pristine BC. Meanwhile, it was observed that the RGDS-MPBC was able to guide the ordered aggregation of human skin fibroblast (HSF) cells on the column platform surface, and no HSF cells were found in the groove channels. Over time, it was found that a dense network of collagen was gradually established across the groove channels. Furthermore, the in-vivo animal study preliminarily demonstrated the scar-free healing potential of the micropatterned BC materials. Therefore, this RGDS-MPBC material exhibited its advantages in guiding cell migration and collagen distribution, which could present a prospect in the establishment of "basket-woven" organization of collagen in normal skin tissue against the formation of dense, parallel aggregation of collagen fibers in scar tissue toward scar-free wound healing outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79403, USA.
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Haobo Pan
- Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xiuping Wu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
| | - Noureddine Abidi
- Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79403, USA
| | - Yongjun Zhu
- Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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13
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Zhang Y, Gregory DA, Zhang Y, Smith PJ, Ebbens SJ, Zhao X. Reactive Inkjet Printing of Functional Silk Stirrers for Enhanced Mixing and Sensing. Small 2019; 15:e1804213. [PMID: 30515976 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201804213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stirring small volumes of solution can reduce immunoassay readout time, homogenize cell cultures, and increase enzyme reactivity in bioreactors. However, at present many small scale stirring methods require external actuation, which can be cumbersome. To address this, here, reactive inkjet printing is shown to be able to produce autonomously rotating biocompatible silk-based microstirrers that can enhance fluid mixing. Rotary motion is generated either by release of a surface active agent (small molecular polyethylene glycol) resulting in Marangoni effect, or by catalytically powered bubble propulsion. The Marangoni driven devices do not require any chemicals to be added to the fluid as the "fuel," while the catalytically powered devices are powered by decomposing substrate molecules in solution. A comparison of Marangoni effect and enzyme powered stirrers is made. Marangoni effect driven stirrers rotate up to 600 rpm, 75-100-fold faster than enzyme driven microstirrers, however enzyme powered stirrers show increased longevity. Further to stirring applications, the sensitivity of the motion generation mechanisms to fluid properties allows the rotating devices to also be exploited for sensing applications, for example, acting as motion sensors for water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - David A Gregory
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Patrick J Smith
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, 64 Garden Street, Sheffield, S1 4BJ, UK
| | - Stephen J Ebbens
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Xiubo Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Gehu Road, Changzhou, 213164, China
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14
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Liu Z, Zhou Z, Zhang S, Sun L, Shi Z, Mao Y, Liu K, Tao TH. "Print-to-pattern": Silk-Based Water Lithography. Small 2018; 14:e1802953. [PMID: 30277661 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The requirement of nontoxic and versatile manufacturing frameworks for biologically relevant applications has imposed significant constraints on the choice of functional materials and the complementary fabrication tools. In this context, silk is actively studied, thanks to its mechanical robustness, biocompatibility, wide availability, aqueous processing conditions, and ease of functionalization. The inherent matching between the water solubility of silk and the aqueous inks of the inkjet printing (IJP) process has derived a biofriendly and versatile "print-to-pattern" scheme-termed silk-based water lithography-toward scalable functional biomanufacturing. The deposition mode of IJP and the etching effect of silk film by water features a dual tone fabrication where functional molecules are dispensed additively, while the silk film is patterned in a "subtractive" fashion. Such versatility and scalability pave the way to a wide range of opportunities in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Zhitao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Long Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhifeng Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Wulumuqi Zhong Road 12, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Wulumuqi Zhong Road 12, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Keyin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Tiger H Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
- School of Graduate Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China
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15
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Abstract
We developed a highly efficient method for patterning cells by a novel and simple technique called lift-off cell lithography (LCL). Our approach borrows the key concept of lift-off lithography from microfabrication and utilizes a fully biocompatible process to achieve high-throughput, high-efficiency cell patterning with nearly zero background defects across a large surface area. Using LCL, we reproducibly achieved >70% patterning efficiency for both adherent and non-adherent cells with <1% defects in undesired areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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16
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Abstract
Nanofabrication approaches to pattern proteins at the nanoscale are useful in applications ranging from organic bioelectronics to cellular engineering. Specifically, functional materials based on natural polymers offer sustainable and environment-friendly substitutes to synthetic polymers. Silk proteins (fibroin and sericin) have emerged as an important class of biomaterials for next generation applications owing to excellent optical and mechanical properties, inherent biocompatibility, and biodegradability. However, the ability to precisely control their spatial positioning at the nanoscale via high throughput tools continues to remain a challenge. In this study electron beam lithography (EBL) is used to provide nanoscale patterning using methacrylate conjugated silk proteins that are photoreactive 'photoresists' materials. Very low energy electron beam radiation can be used to pattern silk proteins at the nanoscale and over large areas, whereby such nanostructure fabrication can be performed without specialized EBL tools. Significantly, using conducting polymers in conjunction with these silk proteins, the formation of protein nanowires down to 100 nm is shown. These wires can be easily degraded using enzymatic degradation. Thus, proteins can be precisely and scalably patterned and doped with conducting polymers and enzymes to form degradable, organic bioelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramendra K Pal
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 W Main Street, Richmond VA, 23284, United States of America
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17
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Cho JH, Ha SH, Kim JM. Transparent and stretchable strain sensors based on metal nanowire microgrids for human motion monitoring. Nanotechnology 2018; 29:155501. [PMID: 29384503 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaabfe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Optical transparency is increasingly considered as one of the most important characteristics required in advanced stretchable strain sensors for application in body-attachable systems. In this paper, we present an entirely solution-processed fabrication route to highly transparent and stretchable resistive strain sensors based on silver nanowire microgrids (AgNW-MGs). The AgNW-MG strain sensors are readily prepared by patterning the AgNWs on a stretchable substrate into a MG geometry via a mesh-template-assisted contact-transfer printing. The MG has a unique architecture comprising the AgNWs and can be stretched to ε = 35%, with high gauge factors of ∼6.9 for ε = 0%-30% and ∼41.1 for ε = 30%-35%. The sensor also shows a high optical transmittance of 77.1% ± 1.5% (at 550 nm) and stably maintains the remarkable optical performance even at high strains. In addition, the sensor responses are found to be highly reversible with negligible hysteresis and are reliable even under repetitive stretching-releasing cycles (1000 cycles at ε = 10%). The practicality of the AgNW-MG strain sensor is confirmed by successfully monitoring a wide range of human motions in real time after firmly laminating the device onto various body parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hwan Cho
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46214, Republic of Korea
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18
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Shen B, Linko V, Tapio K, Pikker S, Lemma T, Gopinath A, Gothelf KV, Kostiainen MA, Toppari JJ. Plasmonic nanostructures through DNA-assisted lithography. Sci Adv 2018; 4:eaap8978. [PMID: 29423446 PMCID: PMC5804581 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aap8978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Programmable self-assembly of nucleic acids enables the fabrication of custom, precise objects with nanoscale dimensions. These structures can be further harnessed as templates to build novel materials such as metallic nanostructures, which are widely used and explored because of their unique optical properties and their potency to serve as components of novel metamaterials. However, approaches to transfer the spatial information of DNA constructions to metal nanostructures remain a challenge. We report a DNA-assisted lithography (DALI) method that combines the structural versatility of DNA origami with conventional lithography techniques to create discrete, well-defined, and entirely metallic nanostructures with designed plasmonic properties. DALI is a parallel, high-throughput fabrication method compatible with transparent substrates, thus providing an additional advantage for optical measurements, and yields structures with a feature size of ~10 nm. We demonstrate its feasibility by producing metal nanostructures with a chiral plasmonic response and bowtie-shaped nanoantennas for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. We envisage that DALI can be generalized to large substrates, which would subsequently enable scale-up production of diverse metallic nanostructures with tailored plasmonic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxuan Shen
- Department of Physics, Nanoscience Center, P.O. Box 35, 40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Veikko Linko
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland
- HYBER Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Kosti Tapio
- Department of Physics, Nanoscience Center, P.O. Box 35, 40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Siim Pikker
- Department of Physics, Nanoscience Center, P.O. Box 35, 40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tibebe Lemma
- Department of Physics, Nanoscience Center, P.O. Box 35, 40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ashwin Gopinath
- Department of Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Kurt V. Gothelf
- Centre for DNA Nanotechnology, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, iNANO, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mauri A. Kostiainen
- Biohybrid Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland
- HYBER Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, 00076 Aalto, Finland
- Corresponding author. (M.A.K.); (J.J.T.)
| | - J. Jussi Toppari
- Department of Physics, Nanoscience Center, P.O. Box 35, 40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
- Corresponding author. (M.A.K.); (J.J.T.)
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19
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Kollamaram G, Hopkins SC, Glowacki BA, Croker DM, Walker GM. Inkjet printing of paracetamol and indomethacin using electromagnetic technology: Rheological compatibility and polymorphic selectivity. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 115:248-257. [PMID: 29366961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Drop-on-demand inkjet printing is a potential enabling technology both for continuous manufacturing of pharmaceuticals and for personalized medicine, but its use is often restricted to low-viscosity solutions and nano-suspensions. In the present study, a robust electromagnetic (valvejet) inkjet technology has been successfully applied to deposit prototype dosage forms from solutions with a wide range of viscosities, and from suspensions with particle sizes exceeding 2 μm. A detailed solid-state study of paracetamol, printed from a solution ink on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), revealed that the morphology of the substrate and its chemical interactions can have a considerable influence on polymorphic selectivity. Paracetamol ink crystallized exclusively into form II when printed on a smooth polyethylene terephthalate substrate, and exclusively into form I when in sufficient proximity to the rough surface of the HPMC substrate to be influenced by confinement in pores and chemical interactions. The relative standard deviation in the strength of the dosage forms was <4% in all cases, for doses as low as 0.8 mg, demonstrating the accuracy and reproducibility associated with electromagnetic inkjet technology. Good adhesion of indomethacin on HPMC was achieved using a suspension ink with hydroxypropyl cellulose, but not on an alternative polyethylene terephthalate substrate, emphasising the need to tailor the binder to the substrate. Future work will focus on lower-dose drugs, for which dosing flexibility and fixed dose combinations are of particular interest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon C Hopkins
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bartek A Glowacki
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Institute of Power Engineering, ul Augustówka 6, 02-981 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Gavin M Walker
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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20
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Khan NI, Maddaus AG, Song E. A Low-Cost Inkjet-Printed Aptamer-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for the Selective Detection of Lysozyme. Biosensors (Basel) 2018; 8:E7. [PMID: 29342960 PMCID: PMC5872055 DOI: 10.3390/bios8010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently, inkjet-printing has gained increased popularity in applications such as flexible electronics and disposable sensors, as well as in wearable sensors because of its multifarious advantages. This work presents a novel, low-cost immobilization technique using inkjet-printing for the development of an aptamer-based biosensor for the detection of lysozyme, an important biomarker in various disease diagnosis. The strong affinity between the carbon nanotube (CNT) and the single-stranded DNA is exploited to immobilize the aptamers onto the working electrode by printing the ink containing the dispersion of CNT-aptamer complex. The inkjet-printing method enables aptamer density control, as well as high resolution patternability. Our developed sensor shows a detection limit of 90 ng/mL with high target selectivity against other proteins. The sensor also demonstrates a shelf-life for a reasonable period. This technology has potential for applications in developing low-cost point-of-care diagnostic testing kits for home healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niazul Islam Khan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
| | - Alec G Maddaus
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
| | - Edward Song
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
- Center for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Innovation, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
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21
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Abstract
Sustainable and personally tailored materials production is an emerging challenge to society. Living organisms can produce and pattern an extraordinarily wide range of different molecules in a sustainable way. These natural systems offer an abundant source of inspiration for the development of new environmentally friendly materials production techniques. In this paper, we describe the first steps toward the 3-dimensional printing of bacterial cultures for materials production and patterning. This methodology combines the capability of bacteria to form new materials with the reproducibility and tailored approach of 3D printing systems. For this purpose, a commercial 3D printer was modified for bacterial systems, and new alginate-based bioink chemistry was developed. Printing temperature, printhead speed, and bioink extrusion rate were all adapted and customized to maximize bacterial health and spatial resolution of printed structures. Our combination of 3D printing technology with biological systems enables a sustainable approach for the production of numerous new materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anne S Meyer
- Department of Bionanoscience, TU Delft , 2628 CD Delft, Netherlands
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22
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Wery JJ, Diliberto JA. The effect of a specialized dyslexia font, OpenDyslexic, on reading rate and accuracy. Ann Dyslexia 2017; 67:114-127. [PMID: 26993270 PMCID: PMC5629233 DOI: 10.1007/s11881-016-0127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A single-subject alternating treatment design was used to investigate the extent to which a specialized dyslexia font, OpenDyslexic, impacted reading rate or accuracy compared to two commonly used fonts when used with elementary students identified as having dyslexia. OpenDyslexic was compared to Arial and Times New Roman in three reading tasks: (a) letter naming, (b) word reading, and (c) nonsense word reading. Data were analyzed through visual analysis and improvement rate difference, a nonparametric measure of nonoverlap for comparing treatments. Results from this alternating treatment experiment show no improvement in reading rate or accuracy for individual students with dyslexia, as well as the group as a whole. While some students commented that the font was "new" or "different", none of the participants reported preferring to read material presented in that font. These results indicate there may be no benefit for translating print materials to this font.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica J. Wery
- School of Education, Elon University, 2105 Campus Box, Elon, NC 27244 USA
| | - Jennifer A. Diliberto
- School of Education, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3500, 201F Peabody, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3500 USA
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23
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Markl D, Zeitler JA, Rasch C, Michaelsen MH, Müllertz A, Rantanen J, Rades T, Bøtker J. Analysis of 3D Prints by X-ray Computed Microtomography and Terahertz Pulsed Imaging. Pharm Res 2017; 34:1037-1052. [PMID: 28004318 PMCID: PMC5382186 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-2083-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A 3D printer was used to realise compartmental dosage forms containing multiple active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) formulations. This work demonstrates the microstructural characterisation of 3D printed solid dosage forms using X-ray computed microtomography (XμCT) and terahertz pulsed imaging (TPI). METHODS Printing was performed with either polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or polylactic acid (PLA). The structures were examined by XμCT and TPI. Liquid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) formulations containing saquinavir and halofantrine were incorporated into the 3D printed compartmentalised structures and in vitro drug release determined. RESULTS A clear difference in terms of pore structure between PVA and PLA prints was observed by extracting the porosity (5.5% for PVA and 0.2% for PLA prints), pore length and pore volume from the XμCT data. The print resolution and accuracy was characterised by XμCT and TPI on the basis of the computer-aided design (CAD) models of the dosage form (compartmentalised PVA structures were 7.5 ± 0.75% larger than designed; n = 3). CONCLUSIONS The 3D printer can reproduce specific structures very accurately, whereas the 3D prints can deviate from the designed model. The microstructural information extracted by XμCT and TPI will assist to gain a better understanding about the performance of 3D printed dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Markl
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - J Axel Zeitler
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Drive, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
| | - Cecilie Rasch
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Høtoft Michaelsen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anette Müllertz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jukka Rantanen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Rades
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johan Bøtker
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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24
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Huang Y, Li W, Qin M, Zhou H, Zhang X, Li F, Song Y. Printable Functional Chips Based on Nanoparticle Assembly. Small 2017; 13:1503339. [PMID: 28102576 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
With facile manufacturability and modifiability, impressive nanoparticles (NPs) assembly applications were performed for functional patterned devices, which have attracted booming research attention due to their increasing applications in high-performance optical/electrical devices for sensing, electronics, displays, and catalysis. By virtue of easy and direct fabrication to desired patterns, high throughput, and low cost, NPs assembly printing is one of the most promising candidates for the manufacturing of functional micro-chips. In this review, an overview of the fabrications and applications of NPs patterned assembly by printing methods, including inkjet printing, lithography, imprinting, and extended printing techniques is presented. The assembly processes and mechanisms on various substrates with distinct wettabilities are deeply discussed and summarized. Via manipulating the droplet three phase contact line (TCL) pinning or slipping, the NPs contracted in ink are controllably assembled following the TCL, and generate novel functional chips and correlative integrate devices. Finally, the perspective of future developments and challenges is presented and widely exhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wenbo Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, 100190, Beijing, PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Meng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, 100190, Beijing, PR China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haihua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xingye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Fengyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, 100190, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yanlin Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Zhongguancun North First Street No. 2, 100190, Beijing, PR China
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25
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MacNearney D, Mak B, Ongo G, Kennedy TE, Juncker D. Nanocontact Printing of Proteins on Physiologically Soft Substrates to Study Cell Haptotaxis. Langmuir 2016; 32:13525-13533. [PMID: 27993028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Surface bound guidance cues and gradients are vital for directing cellular processes during development and repair. In vivo, these cues are often presented within a soft extracellular matrix with elastic moduli E < 10 kPa, but in vitro haptotaxis experiments have been conducted primarily on hard substrates with elastic moduli in the MPa to GPa range. Here, a technique is presented for patterning haptotactic proteins with nanometer resolution on soft substrates with physiological elasticity. A new nanocontact printing process was developed that circumvented the use of plasma activation that was found to alter the mechanical properties of the substrate. A dissolvable poly(vinyl alcohol) film was first patterned by lift-off nanocontact printing, and in turn printed onto the soft substrate, followed by dissolution of the film in water. An array of 100 unique digital nanodot gradients (DNGs), consisting of millions of 200 × 200 nm2 protein nanodots, was patterned in less than 5 min with with <5% average deviation from the original gradient design. DNGs of netrin-1, a known protein guidance cue, were patterned, and the unpatterned surface was backfilled with a reference surface consisting of 75% polyethylene glycol grafted with polylysine and 25% poly-d-lysine. Haptotaxis of C2C12 myoblasts demonstrated the functionality of the DNGs patterned on soft substrates. In addition, high densities of netrin-1 were observed to induce cell spreading, while live imaging of sinusoidal control gradients highlighted cell migration and navigation by "inching". The nanopatterning technique developed here paves the way for studying haptotactic responses to diverse digital nanodot patterns on surfaces covering the full range of physiological elasticity, and is expected to be applicable to the study of both culture and primary cells, such as neutrophils and neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald MacNearney
- McGill University Genome Quebec Innovation Centre (MUGIC) , Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Bernard Mak
- McGill University Genome Quebec Innovation Centre (MUGIC) , Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Grant Ongo
- McGill University Genome Quebec Innovation Centre (MUGIC) , Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G1, Canada
| | | | - David Juncker
- McGill University Genome Quebec Innovation Centre (MUGIC) , Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G1, Canada
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26
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Lauria I, Kramer M, Schröder T, Kant S, Hausmann A, Böke F, Leube R, Telle R, Fischer H. Inkjet printed periodical micropatterns made of inert alumina ceramics induce contact guidance and stimulate osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells. Acta Biomater 2016; 44:85-96. [PMID: 27498177 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bioinert high performance ceramics exhibit detrimental features for implant components with direct bone contact because of their low osseointegrating capability. We hypothesized that periodical microstructures made of inert alumina ceramics can influence the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC). In this study, we manufactured pillared arrays made of alumina ceramics with periodicities as low as 100μm and pillar heights of 40μm employing direct inkjet printing (DIP) technique. The response of hMSC to the microstructured surfaces was monitored by measuring cell morphology, viability and formation of focal adhesion complexes. Osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs was investigated by alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization assays and expression analysis of respective markers. We demonstrated that MSCs react to the pillars with contact guidance. Subsequently, cells grow onto and form connections between the microstructures, and at the same time are directly attached to the pillars as shown by focal adhesion stainings. Cells build up tissue-like constructs with heights up to the micropillars resulting in increased cell viability and osteogenic differentiating properties. We conclude that periodical micropatterns on the micrometer scale made of inert alumina ceramics can mediate focal adhesion dependent cell adhesion and stimulate osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Lauria
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Michael Kramer
- Department of Ceramics and Refractory Materials, Institute of Mineral Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Mauerstrasse 5, 52064 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Teresa Schröder
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Kant
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Wendlingweg 2, 52057 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Anne Hausmann
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Frederik Böke
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Rudolf Leube
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Wendlingweg 2, 52057 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Rainer Telle
- Department of Ceramics and Refractory Materials, Institute of Mineral Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Mauerstrasse 5, 52064 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Horst Fischer
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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27
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Kumar R, Bonicelli A, Sekula-Neuner S, Cato ACB, Hirtz M, Fuchs H. Click-Chemistry Based Allergen Arrays Generated by Polymer Pen Lithography for Mast Cell Activation Studies. Small 2016; 12:5330-5338. [PMID: 27511293 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201601623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The profiling of allergic responses is a powerful tool in biomedical research and in judging therapeutic outcome in patients suffering from allergy. Novel insights into the signaling cascades and easier readouts can be achieved by shifting activation studies of bulk immune cells to the single cell level on patterned surfaces. The functionality of dinitrophenol (DNP) as a hapten in the induction of allergic reactions has allowed the activation process of single mast cells seeded on patterned surfaces to be studied following treatment with allergen specific Immunoglobulin E antibodies. Here, a click-chemistry approach is applied in combination with polymer pen lithography (PPL) to pattern DNP-azide on alkyne-terminated surfaces to generate arrays of allergen. The large area functionalization offered by PPL allows an easy incorporation of such arrays into microfluidic chips. In such a setup, easy handling of cell suspension, incubation process, and read-out by fluorescence microscopy will allow immune cell activation screening to be easily adapted for diagnostics and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) & Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76201, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Physical Institute & Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), University of Münster, Münster, 48149, Germany
| | - Alice Bonicelli
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sylwia Sekula-Neuner
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) & Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76201, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andrew C B Cato
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics (ITG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Hirtz
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) & Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76201, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Harald Fuchs
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT) & Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76201, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Physical Institute & Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech), University of Münster, Münster, 48149, Germany
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28
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Gregory DA, Zhang Y, Smith PJ, Zhao X, Ebbens SJ. Reactive Inkjet Printing of Biocompatible Enzyme Powered Silk Micro-Rockets. Small 2016; 12:4048-4055. [PMID: 27345008 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Inkjet-printed enzyme-powered silk-based micro-rockets are able to undergo autonomous motion in a vast variety of fluidic environments including complex media such as human serum. By means of digital inkjet printing it is possible to alter the catalyst distribution simply and generate varying trajectory behavior of these micro-rockets. Made of silk scaffolds containing enzymes these micro-rockets are highly biocompatible and non-biofouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Gregory
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, Mappin Street, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, Mappin Street, S1 3JD, UK
| | - Patrick J Smith
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, 64 Garden Street, S1 4BJ, UK
| | - Xiubo Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, Mappin Street, S1 3JD, UK
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Stephen J Ebbens
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, Mappin Street, S1 3JD, UK
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29
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Borzenkov M, Määttänen A, Ihalainen P, Collini M, Cabrini E, Dacarro G, Pallavicini P, Chirico G. Fabrication of Inkjet-Printed Gold Nanostar Patterns with Photothermal Properties on Paper Substrate. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:9909-16. [PMID: 27031124 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b02983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Inkjet printing technology has brought significant advances in patterning various functional materials that can meet important challenges in personalized medical treatments. Indeed, patterning of photothermal active anisotropic gold nanoparticles is particularly promising for the development of low-cost tools for localized photothermal therapy. In the present work, stable inks containing PEGylated gold nanostars (GNSs) were prepared and inkjet printed on a pigment-coated paper substrate. A significant photothermal effect (ΔT ≅ 20 °C) of the printed patterns was observed under near infrared (NIR) excitation of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the GNS with low laser intensity (I ≅ 0.2 W/cm(2)). Besides the pronounced photothermal effect, we also demonstrated, as an additional valuable effect, the release of a model fluorescent thiol-terminated Bodipy dye (BDP-SH) from the printed gold surface, both under bulk heating and NIR irradiation. These preliminary results suggest the way of the development of a new class of low-cost, disposable, and smart devices for localized thermal treatments combined with temperature-triggered drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykola Borzenkov
- Department of Physics "G. Occhialini", Nanomedicine Center, University of Milano-Bicocca , piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Anni Määttänen
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Center for Functional Materials, Åbo Akademi University , Porthaninkatu 3-5, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Petri Ihalainen
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Center for Functional Materials, Åbo Akademi University , Porthaninkatu 3-5, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Maddalena Collini
- Department of Physics "G. Occhialini", Nanomedicine Center, University of Milano-Bicocca , piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Cabrini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia , viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Dacarro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia , viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Chirico
- Department of Physics "G. Occhialini", Nanomedicine Center, University of Milano-Bicocca , piazza della Scienza 3, 20126 Milan, Italy
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30
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Beloqui A, Baur S, Trouillet V, Welle A, Madsen J, Bastmeyer M, Delaittre G. Single-Molecule Encapsulation: A Straightforward Route to Highly Stable and Printable Enzymes. Small 2016; 12:1716-22. [PMID: 26849308 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A mild, fast, and sequence-independent method for controlled enzyme immobilization is presented. This novel approach involves the encapsulation of single-enzyme molecules and the covalent attachment of these nanobiocatalysts onto surfaces. Fast and mild immobilization conditions, combined with low nonspecific adsorption on hydrophobic substrates, enables well-defined surface patterns via microcontact printing. The biohybrid materials show enhanced activity in organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beloqui
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sarah Baur
- Zoological Institute, Department of Cell and Neurobiology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Haid-und-Neu-Strasse 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Vanessa Trouillet
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Alexander Welle
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jeppe Madsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Martin Bastmeyer
- Zoological Institute, Department of Cell and Neurobiology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Haid-und-Neu-Strasse 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute for Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Guillaume Delaittre
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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31
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Abstract
Patterning nanoscale features across macroscopic areas is challenging due to the vast range of length scales that must be addressed. With polymer pen lithography, arrays of thousands of elastomeric pyramidal pens can be used to write features across centimeter-scales, but deformation of the soft pens limits resolution and minimum feature pitch, especially with polymeric inks. Here, we show that by coating polymer pen arrays with a ∼175 nm silica layer, the resulting hard transparent arrays exhibit a force-independent contact area that improves their patterning capability by reducing the minimum feature size (∼40 nm), minimum feature pitch (<200 nm for polymers), and pen to pen variation. With these new arrays, patterns with as many as 5.9 billion features in a 14.5 cm(2) area were written using a four hundred thousand pyramid pen array. Furthermore, a new method is demonstrated for patterning macroscopic feature size gradients that vary in feature diameter by a factor of 4. Ultimately, this form of polymer pen lithography allows for patterning with the resolution of dip-pen nanolithography across centimeter scales using simple and inexpensive pen arrays. The high resolution and density afforded by this technique position it as a broad-based discovery tool for the field of nanocombinatorics.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L. Hedrick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Keith A. Brown
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science & Engineering, Boston University, 110 Cummington Mall, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Edward J. Kluender
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Maria D. Cabezas
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Peng-Cheng Chen
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Chad A. Mirkin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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32
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Lee D, Lee D, Won Y, Hong H, Kim Y, Song H, Pyun JC, Cho YS, Ryu W, Moon J. Insertion of Vertically Aligned Nanowires into Living Cells by Inkjet Printing of Cells. Small 2016; 12:1446-1457. [PMID: 26800021 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201502510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Effective insertion of vertically aligned nanowires (NWs) into cells is critical for bioelectrical and biochemical devices, biological delivery systems, and photosynthetic bioenergy harvesting. However, accurate insertion of NWs into living cells using scalable processes has not yet been achieved. Here, NWs are inserted into living Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells (Chlamy cells) via inkjet printing of the Chlamy cells, representing a low-cost and large-scale method for inserting NWs into living cells. Jetting conditions and printable bioink composed of living Chlamy cells are optimized to achieve stable jetting and precise ink deposition of bioink for indentation of NWs into Chlamy cells. Fluorescence confocal microscopy is used to verify the viability of Chlamy cells after inkjet printing. Simple mechanical considerations of the cell membrane and droplet kinetics are developed to control the jetting force to allow penetration of the NWs into cells. The results suggest that inkjet printing is an effective, controllable tool for stable insertion of NWs into cells with economic and scale-related advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donggyu Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehee Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yulim Won
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonaug Hong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjae Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Chul Pyun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Soo Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonhyoung Ryu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooho Moon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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33
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He R, Wang S, Andrews G, Shi W, Liu Y. Generation of Customizable Micro-wavy Pattern through Grayscale Direct Image Lithography. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21621. [PMID: 26902520 PMCID: PMC4763239 DOI: 10.1038/srep21621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing amount of research work in surface studies, a more effective method of producing patterned microstructures is highly desired due to the geometric limitations and complex fabricating process of current techniques. This paper presents an efficient and cost-effective method to generate customizable micro-wavy pattern using direct image lithography. This method utilizes a grayscale Gaussian distribution effect to model inaccuracies inherent in the polymerization process, which are normally regarded as trivial matters or errors. The measured surface profiles and the mathematical prediction show a good agreement, demonstrating the ability of this method to generate wavy patterns with precisely controlled features. An accurate pattern can be generated with customizable parameters (wavelength, amplitude, wave shape, pattern profile, and overall dimension). This mask-free photolithography approach provides a rapid fabrication method that is capable of generating complex and non-uniform 3D wavy patterns with the wavelength ranging from 12 μm to 2100 μm and an amplitude-to-wavelength ratio as large as 300%. Microfluidic devices with pure wavy and wavy-herringbone patterns suitable for capture of circulating tumor cells are made as a demonstrative application. A completely customized microfluidic device with wavy patterns can be created within a few hours without access to clean room or commercial photolithography equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran He
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Shunqiang Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Geoffrey Andrews
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Wentao Shi
- Bioengineering Program, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
- Bioengineering Program, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
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34
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Tang B, Wang J, Hutchison JA, Ma L, Zhang N, Guo H, Hu Z, Li M, Zhao Y. Ultrasensitive, Multiplex Raman Frequency Shift Immunoassay of Liver Cancer Biomarkers in Physiological Media. ACS Nano 2016; 10:871-9. [PMID: 26731464 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b06007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Highly sensitive multiplex biomarker detection is critical for the early diagnosis of liver cancer. Here, a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) frequency-shift immunoassay is developed for detection of liver cancer biomarkers α-fetoprotein and Glypican-3 down to subpicomolar concentrations in saline solution. A high temperature modification of the Tollen's method affords silver nanoparticle films with excellent SERS response upon which ordered domains of Raman reporters are chemisorbed by microcontact printing. Shifts in the reporters SERS spectrum in response to a bound antibody's biomarker recognition constitutes the frequency shift assay, exhibiting here exceptional sensitivity and specificity and shown to function in fetal calf serum and in the serum of a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochong Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19B, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19B, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - James A Hutchison
- ISIS & icFRC, University of Strasbourg and CNRS , 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- School of Chemistry and Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne , Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Lei Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19B, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy , Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy , Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Zhongbo Hu
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19A, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19B, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19B, Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
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Lau UY, Saxer SS, Lee J, Bat E, Maynard HD. Direct Write Protein Patterns for Multiplexed Cytokine Detection from Live Cells Using Electron Beam Lithography. ACS Nano 2016; 10:723-9. [PMID: 26679368 PMCID: PMC4729597 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b05781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers, such as extracellular signaling molecules, is a critical aspect in disease profiling and diagnostics. Precise positioning of antibodies on surfaces, especially at the micro- and nanoscale, is important for the improvement of assays, biosensors, and diagnostics on the molecular level, and therefore, the pursuit of device miniaturization for parallel, fast, low-volume assays is a continuing challenge. Here, we describe a multiplexed cytokine immunoassay utilizing electron beam lithography and a trehalose glycopolymer as a resist for the direct writing of antibodies on silicon substrates, allowing for micro- and nanoscale precision of protein immobilization. Specifically, anti-interleukin 6 (IL-6) and antitumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) antibodies were directly patterned. Retention of the specific binding properties of the patterned antibodies was shown by the capture of secreted cytokines from stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. A sandwich immunoassay was employed using gold nanoparticles and enhancement with silver for the detection and visualization of bound cytokines to the patterns by localized surface plasmon resonance detected with dark-field microscopy. Multiplexing with both IL-6 and TNFα on a single chip was also successfully demonstrated with high specificity and in relevant cell culture conditions and at different times after cell stimulation. The direct fabrication of capture antibody patterns for cytokine detection described here could be useful for biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uland Y Lau
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles , 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Sina S Saxer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles , 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Juneyoung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles , 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Erhan Bat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles , 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Heather D Maynard
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles , 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles , 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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36
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Kim H, Jung H, Lee DH, Lee KB, Jeon H. Period-chirped gratings fabricated by laser interference lithography with a concave Lloyd's mirror. Appl Opt 2016; 55:354-359. [PMID: 26835772 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.000354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We developed a laser interference lithography (LIL) system for fabrication of period-chirped gratings, which would be useful for sophisticated optical components. Despite its simplicity, the developed LIL system, based on a Lloyd's mirror interferometer with a cylindrically concave mirror, can generate chirped gratings, yet over a large area at high throughput owing to the nature of LIL. We have derived exact theoretical equations needed for system design, built the LIL system, and subsequently realized period-chirped gratings. A fabricated sample whose center period is Λ≈600 nm exhibits a continuous period variation of ΔΛ=92 nm across 17 mm width.
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Abstract
Personalizing the release profiles of drugs is important for different people with different medical and biological conditions. A technically simple and low-cost method to fabricate fully customizable tablets that can deliver drugs with any type of release profile is described. The customization is intuitively straightforward: the desired profile can simply be "drawn" and printed by a 3D printer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Siowling Soh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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38
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Marino A, Barsotti J, de Vito G, Filippeschi C, Mazzolai B, Piazza V, Labardi M, Mattoli V, Ciofani G. Two-Photon Lithography of 3D Nanocomposite Piezoelectric Scaffolds for Cell Stimulation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:25574-9. [PMID: 26548588 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In this letter, we report on the fabrication, the characterization, and the in vitro testing of structures suitable for cell culturing, prepared through two-photon polymerization of a nanocomposite resist. More in details, commercially available Ormocomp has been doped with piezoelectric barium titanate nanoparticles, and bioinspired 3D structures resembling trabeculae of sponge bone have been fabricated. After an extensive characterization, preliminary in vitro testing demonstrated that both the topographical and the piezoelectric cues of these scaffolds are able to enhance the differentiation process of human SaOS-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attilio Marino
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
- The Biorobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Jonathan Barsotti
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
- The Biorobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Giuseppe de Vito
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore , Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlo Filippeschi
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Barbara Mazzolai
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Piazza
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation @NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Virgilio Mattoli
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino , Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
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Gillen G, Najarro M, Wight S, Walker M, Verkouteren J, Windsor E, Barr T, Staymates M, Urbas A. Particle Fabrication Using Inkjet Printing onto Hydrophobic Surfaces for Optimization and Calibration of Trace Contraband Detection Sensors. Sensors (Basel) 2015; 15:29618-34. [PMID: 26610515 PMCID: PMC4701350 DOI: 10.3390/s151129618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A method has been developed to fabricate patterned arrays of micrometer-sized monodisperse solid particles of ammonium nitrate on hydrophobic silicon surfaces using inkjet printing. The method relies on dispensing one or more microdrops of a concentrated aqueous ammonium nitrate solution from a drop-on-demand (DOD) inkjet printer at specific locations on a silicon substrate rendered hydrophobic by a perfluorodecytrichlorosilane monolayer coating. The deposited liquid droplets form into the shape of a spherical shaped cap; during the evaporation process, a deposited liquid droplet maintains this geometry until it forms a solid micrometer sized particle. Arrays of solid particles are obtained by sequential translation of the printer stage. The use of DOD inkjet printing for fabrication of discrete particle arrays allows for precise control of particle characteristics (mass, diameter and height), as well as the particle number and spatial distribution on the substrate. The final mass of an individual particle is precisely determined by using gravimetric measurement of the average mass of solution ejected per microdrop. The primary application of this method is fabrication of test materials for the evaluation of spatially-resolved optical and mass spectrometry based sensors used for detecting particle residues of contraband materials, such as explosives or narcotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Gillen
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Laboratory, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
| | - Marcela Najarro
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Laboratory, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
| | - Scott Wight
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Laboratory, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
| | - Marlon Walker
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Laboratory, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
| | - Jennifer Verkouteren
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Laboratory, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
| | - Eric Windsor
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Laboratory, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
| | - Tim Barr
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Laboratory, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
| | - Matthew Staymates
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Laboratory, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
| | - Aaron Urbas
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Laboratory, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
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Cao HH, Nakatsuka N, Serino AC, Liao WS, Cheunkar S, Yang H, Weiss PS, Andrews AM. Controlled DNA Patterning by Chemical Lift-Off Lithography: Matrix Matters. ACS Nano 2015; 9:11439-54. [PMID: 26426585 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b05546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotide arrays require controlled surface densities and minimal nucleotide-substrate interactions to enable highly specific and efficient recognition by corresponding targets. We investigated chemical lift-off lithography with hydroxyl- and oligo(ethylene glycol)-terminated alkanethiol self-assembled monolayers as a means to produce substrates optimized for tethered DNA insertion into post-lift-off regions. Residual alkanethiols in the patterned regions after lift-off lithography enabled the formation of patterned DNA monolayers that favored hybridization with target DNA. Nucleotide densities were tunable by altering surface chemistries and alkanethiol ratios prior to lift-off. Lithography-induced conformational changes in oligo(ethylene glycol)-terminated monolayers hindered nucleotide insertion but could be used to advantage via mixed monolayers or double-lift-off lithography. Compared to thiolated DNA self-assembly alone or with alkanethiol backfilling, preparation of functional nucleotide arrays by chemical lift-off lithography enables superior hybridization efficiency and tunability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan H Cao
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Nako Nakatsuka
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Andrew C Serino
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Wei-Ssu Liao
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Sarawut Cheunkar
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Hongyan Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Health, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Paul S Weiss
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Anne M Andrews
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Health, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, and Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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41
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Zhan Y, Zhao J, Liu W, Yang B, Wei J, Yu Y. Biomimetic Submicroarrayed Cross-Linked Liquid Crystal Polymer Films with Different Wettability via Colloidal Lithography. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:25522-8. [PMID: 26509215 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Photoresponsive cross-linked liquid crystal polymer (CLCP) films with different surface topographies, submicropillar arrays, and submicrocone arrays were fabricated through colloidal lithography technique by modulating different types of etching masks. The prepared submicropillar arrays were uniform with an average pillar diameter of 250 nm and the cone bottom diameter of the submicrocone arrays was about 400 nm, which are much smaller than previously reported CLCP micropillars. More interestingly, these two species of films with the same chemical structure represented completely different wetting behavior of water adhesion and mimicked rose petal and lotus leaf, respectively. Both the submicropillar arrayed film and the submicrocone arrayed film exhibited superhyrophobicity with a water contact angle (CA) value of 144.0 ± 1.7° and 156.4 ± 1.2°, respectively. Meanwhile, the former demonstrated a very high sliding angle (SA) greater than 90°, and thus, the water droplet was pinned on the surface as rose petal. On the contrary, the SA of the submicrocone arrayed CLCP film consisting of micro- and nanostructure was only 3.1 ± 2.0°, which is as low as that of lotus leaf. Furthermore, the change on the wettability of the films was also investigated under alternating irradiation of visible light with two different wavelengths, blue light and green light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhan
- Department of Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhao
- Department of Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wendong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Department of Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yanlei Yu
- Department of Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
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42
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Planchette C, Pichler H, Wimmer-Teubenbacher M, Gruber M, Gruber-Woelfler H, Mohr S, Tetyczka C, Hsiao WK, Paudel A, Roblegg E, Khinast J. Printing medicines as orodispersible dosage forms: Effect of substrate on the printed micro-structure. Int J Pharm 2015; 509:518-527. [PMID: 26541301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We present our recent advancements in developing a viable manufacturing process for printed medicine. Our approach involves using a non-contact printing system that incorporates both piezoelectric- and solenoid valve-based inkjet printing technologies, to deliver both active and inactive pharmaceutical materials onto medical-graded orodispersible films. By using two complimentary inkjet technologies, we were able to dispense an extensive range of fluids, from aqueous drug solutions to viscous polymer coating materials. Essentially, we demonstrate printing of a wide range of formulations for patient-ready, orodispersible drug dosage forms, without the risk of drug degradation by ink heating and of substrate damages (by contact printing). In addition, our printing process has been optimized to ensure that the drug doses can be loaded onto the orally dissolvable films without introducing defects, such as holes or tears, while retaining a smooth surface texture that promotes patient adherence and allows for uniform post-coatings. Results show that our platform technology can address key issues in manufacturing orodispersible drug dosage forms and bring us closer to delivering personalized and precision medicine to targeted patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Planchette
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria; University of Technology, Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer, Graz, Austria.
| | - H Pichler
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | | | - M Gruber
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - H Gruber-Woelfler
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria; University of Technology, Institute of Process and Particle Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - S Mohr
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - C Tetyczka
- Karl-Franzens University, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department Pharmaceutical Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - W-K Hsiao
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - A Paudel
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - E Roblegg
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria; Karl-Franzens University, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department Pharmaceutical Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - J Khinast
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria; University of Technology, Institute of Process and Particle Technology, Graz, Austria
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43
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Secor EB, Ahn BY, Gao TZ, Lewis JA, Hersam MC. Rapid and Versatile Photonic Annealing of Graphene Inks for Flexible Printed Electronics. Adv Mater 2015; 27:6683-8. [PMID: 26422363 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Intense pulsed light (IPL) annealing of graphene inks is demonstrated for rapid post-processing of inkjet-printed patterns on various substrates. A conductivity of ≈25,000 S m(-1) is achieved following a single printing pass using a concentrated ink containing 20 mg mL(-1) graphene, establishing this strategy as a practical and effective approach for the versatile and high-performance integration of graphene in printed and flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan B Secor
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Bok Y Ahn
- Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Theodore Z Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Jennifer A Lewis
- Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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Abstract
The development of simple, inexpensive paper-based sensors for medical diagnostics and other applications is now an important emerging area in the field of biosensors; however, the electronic instrument or reader used to interrogate such sensors adds significantly to the cost of the analysis. In this chapter we describe the design and construction of novel, low-cost disposable electrochemiluminescent (ECL) sensors based on screen printed carbon electrodes and paper-based microfluidics. Moreover, a method to interrogate these sensors using only a mobile phone is articulated. This is realized by exploiting the audio output of the device to achieve electrochemical control, while using the camera to detect the resulting light emitted during the ECL reaction. The combination of cell phone technology with low-cost paper microfluidic sensors dramatically reduces the cost of sensing and has the potential to enhance health-care outcomes by exploiting the functionality, connectivity, and close to worldwide penetration of mobile phone technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqui L Delaney
- Department of Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
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45
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Ajiro H, Kuroda A, Kan K, Akashi M. Stereocomplex Film Using Triblock Copolymers of Polylactide and Poly(ethylene glycol) Retain Paxlitaxel on Substrates by an Aqueous Inkjet System. Langmuir 2015; 31:10583-10589. [PMID: 26343286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The stereocomplex formation of poly(L,L-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(D,D-lactide) (PDLA) using an inkjet system was expanded to the amphiphilic copolymers, using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as a hydrophilic polymer. The diblock copolymers, which are composed of PEG and PLLA (MPEG-co-PLLA) and PEG and PDLA (MPEG-co-PDLA), were employed for thin-film preparation using an aqueous inkjet system. The solvent and temperature conditions were optimized for the stereocomplex formation between MPEG-co-PLLA and MPEG-co- PDLA. As a result, the stereocomplex was adequately formed in acetonitrile/water (1:1, v/v) at 40 °C. The aqueous conditions improved the stereocomplex film preparation, which have suffered from clogging when using the organic solvents in previous work. The triblock copolymers, PLLA-co-PEG-co-PLLA and PDLA-co-PEG-co-PDLA, were employed for square patterning with the inkjet system, which produced thin films. The amphiphilic polymer film was able to retain hydrophobic compounds inside. The present result contributed to the rapid film preparation by inkjet, retaining drugs with difficult solubility in water, such as paclitaxel within the films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroharu Ajiro
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka University , 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- The Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University , 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kuroda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka University , 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | | | - Mitsuru Akashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka University , 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- The Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University , 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University , 1-3 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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46
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Ahn SH, Lee HJ, Lee JS, Yoon H, Chun W, Kim GH. A novel cell-printing method and its application to hepatogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cell-embedded mesh structures. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13427. [PMID: 26293341 PMCID: PMC4544022 DOI: 10.1038/srep13427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a cell-dispensing technique, using a core-shell nozzle and an absorbent dispensing stage to form cell-embedded struts. In the shell of the nozzle, a cross-linking agent flowed continuously onto the surface of the dispensed bioink in the core nozzle, so that the bioink struts were rapidly gelled, and any remnant cross-linking solution during the process was rapidly absorbed into the working stage, resulting in high cell-viability in the bioink strut and stable formation of a three-dimensional mesh structure. The cell-printing conditions were optimized by manipulating the process conditions to obtain high mechanical stability and high cell viability. The cell density was 1 × 10(7) mL(-1), which was achieved using a 3-wt% solution of alginate in phosphate-buffered saline, a mass fraction of 1.2 wt% of CaCl2 flowing in the shell nozzle with a fixed flow rate of 0.08 mL min(-1), and a translation velocity of the printing nozzle of 10 mm s(-1). To demonstrate the applicability of the technique, preosteoblasts and human adipose stem cells (hASCs) were used to obtain cell-laden structures with multi-layer porous mesh structures. The fabricated cell-laden mesh structures exhibited reasonable initial cell viabilities for preosteoblasts (93%) and hASCs (92%), and hepatogenic differentiation of hASC was successfully achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyun Ahn
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyeong Jin Lee
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, South Korea
| | - Ji-Seon Lee
- Department of Surgery, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wook Chun
- Department of Surgery, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Geun Hyung Kim
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, South Korea
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Schmiedova V, Dzik P, Vesely M, Zmeskal O, Morozova M, Kluson P. Optical Properties of Titania Coatings Prepared by Inkjet Direct Patterning of a Reverse Micelles Sol-Gel Composition. Molecules 2015; 20:14552-64. [PMID: 26274944 PMCID: PMC6332385 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200814552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thin layers of titanium dioxide were fabricated by direct inkjet patterning of a reverse micelles sol-gel composition onto soda-lime glass plates. Several series of variable thickness samples were produced by repeated overprinting and these were further calcined at different temperatures. The resulting layers were inspected by optical and scanning electronic microscopy and their optical properties were investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry in the range of 200-1000 nm. Thus the influence of the calcination temperature on material as well as optical properties of the patterned micellar titania was studied. The additive nature of the deposition process was demonstrated by a linear dependence of total thickness on the number of printed layers without being significantly affected by the calcination temperature. The micellar imprints structure of the titania layer resulted into significant deviation of measured optical constants from the values reported for bulk titania. The introduction of a void layer into the ellipsometric model was found necessary for this particular type of titania and enabled correct ellipsometric determination of layer thickness, well matching the thickness values from mechanical profilometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Schmiedova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 118, Brno 61200, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Dzik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 118, Brno 61200, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Vesely
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 118, Brno 61200, Czech Republic.
| | - Oldrich Zmeskal
- Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 118, Brno 61200, Czech Republic.
| | - Magdalena Morozova
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the ASCR, Rozvojova 135, Prague 16502, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Kluson
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the ASCR, Rozvojova 135, Prague 16502, Czech Republic.
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Xie L, Yang G, Xu L, Seoane F, Chen Q, Zheng L. Characterization of dry biopotential electrodes. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2015; 2013:1478-81. [PMID: 24109978 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6609791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Driven by the increased interest in wearable long-term healthcare monitoring systems, varieties of dry electrodes are proposed based on different materials with different patterns and structures. Most of the studies reported in the literature focus on proposing new electrodes and comparing its performance with commercial electrodes. Few papers are about detailed comparison among different dry electrodes. In this paper, printed metal-plate electrodes, textile based electrodes, and spiked electrodes are for the first time evaluated and compared under the same experimental setup. The contact impedance and noise characterization are measured. The in-vivo electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement is applied to evaluate the overall performance of different electrodes. Textile electrodes and printed electrodes gain comparable high-quality ECG signals. The ECG signal obtained by spiked electrodes is noisier. However, a clear ECG envelope can be observed and the signal quality can be easily improved by backend signal processing. The features of each type of electrodes are analyzed and the suitable application scenario is addressed.
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Chen J, Zhou Y, Wang D, He F, Rotello VM, Carter KR, Watkins JJ, Nugen SR. UV-nanoimprint lithography as a tool to develop flexible microfluidic devices for electrochemical detection. Lab Chip 2015; 15:3086-94. [PMID: 26095586 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00515a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Research in microfluidic biosensors has led to dramatic improvements in sensitivities. Very few examples of these devices have been commercially successful, keeping this methodology out of the hands of potential users. In this study, we developed a method to fabricate a flexible microfluidic device containing electrowetting valves and electrochemical transduction. The device was designed to be amenable to a roll-to-roll manufacturing system, allowing a low manufacturing cost. Microchannels with high fidelity were structured on a PET film using UV-NanoImprint Lithography (UV-NIL). The electrodes were inkjet-printed and photonically sintered on second flexible PET film. The film containing electrodes was bonded directly to the channel-containing layer to form sealed fluidic device. Actuation of the multivalve system with food dye in PBS buffer was performed to demonstrate automated fluid delivery. The device was then used to detect Salmonella in a liquid sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhong Chen
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, 102 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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Talarico D, Cinti S, Arduini F, Amine A, Moscone D, Palleschi G. Phosphate Detection through a Cost-Effective Carbon Black Nanoparticle-Modified Screen-Printed Electrode Embedded in a Continuous Flow System. Environ Sci Technol 2015; 49:7934-7939. [PMID: 26066782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An automatable flow system for the continuous and long-term monitoring of the phosphate level has been developed using an amperometric detection method based on the use of a miniaturized sensor. This method is based on the monitoring of an electroactive complex obtained by the reaction between phosphate and molybdate that is consequently reduced at the electrode surface. The use of a screen-printed electrode modified with carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs) leads to the quantification of the complex at low potential, because CBNPs are capable of electrocatalitically enhancing the phosphomolybdate complex reduction at +125 mV versus Ag/AgCl without fouling problems. The developed system also incorporates reagents and waste storage and is connected to a portable potentiostat for rapid detection and quantification of phosphate. Main analytical parameters, such as working potential, reagent concentration, type of cell, and flow rate, were evaluated and optimized. This system was characterized by a low detection limit (6 μM). Interference studies were carried out. Good recovery percentages comprised between 89 and 131.5% were achieved in different water sources, highlighting its suitability for field measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Talarico
- †Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Cinti
- †Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiana Arduini
- †Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Aziz Amine
- §Faculté de Sciences et Techniques Laboratoire Génie des Procédés et Environnement, Université Hassan II-Mohammedia, B.P. 146, Mohammadia, Morocco
| | - Danila Moscone
- †Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Palleschi
- †Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
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