1
|
Cortinhal T, Santos C, Vaz-Pereira S, Marta A, Duarte L, Miranda V, Costa J, Sousa AB, Peter VG, Kaminska K, Rivolta C, Carvalho AL, Saraiva J, Soares CA, Silva R, Murta J, Santos LC, Marques JP. Genetic profile of syndromic retinitis pigmentosa in Portugal. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 262:1883-1897. [PMID: 38189974 PMCID: PMC11106148 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06360-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) comprises a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of inherited retinal degenerations, where 20-30% of patients exhibit extra-ocular manifestations (syndromic RP). Understanding the genetic profile of RP has important implications for disease prognosis and genetic counseling. This study aimed to characterize the genetic profile of syndromic RP in Portugal. METHODS Multicenter, retrospective cohort study. Six Portuguese healthcare providers identified patients with a clinical diagnosis of syndromic RP and available genetic testing results. All patients had been previously subjected to a detailed ophthalmologic examination and clinically oriented genetic testing. Genetic variants were classified according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics; only likely pathogenic or pathogenic variants were considered relevant for disease etiology. RESULTS One hundred and twenty-two patients (53.3% males) from 100 families were included. Usher syndrome was the most frequent diagnosis (62.0%), followed by Bardet-Biedl (19.0%) and Senior-Løken syndromes (7.0%). Deleterious variants were identified in 86/100 families for a diagnostic yield of 86.0% (87.1% for Usher and 94.7% for Bardet-Biedl). A total of 81 genetic variants were identified in 25 different genes, 22 of which are novel. USH2A and MYO7A were responsible for most type II and type I Usher syndrome cases, respectively. BBS1 variants were the cause of Bardet-Biedl syndrome in 52.6% of families. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) records were available at baseline and last visit for 99 patients (198 eyes), with a median follow-up of 62.0 months. The mean BCVA was 56.5 ETDRS letters at baseline (Snellen equivalent ~ 20/80), declining to 44.9 ETDRS letters (Snellen equivalent ~ 20/125) at the last available follow-up (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This is the first multicenter study depicting the genetic profile of syndromic RP in Portugal, thus contributing toward a better understanding of this heterogeneous disease group. Usher and Bardet-Biedl syndromes were found to be the most common types of syndromic RP in this large Portuguese cohort. A high diagnostic yield was obtained, highlighting current genetic testing capabilities in providing a molecular diagnosis to most affected individuals. This has major implications in determining disease-related prognosis and providing targeted genetic counseling for syndromic RP patients in Portugal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Telmo Cortinhal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cristina Santos
- Instituto de Oftalmologia Dr. Gama Pinto (IOGP), Lisboa, Portugal
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara Vaz-Pereira
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Marta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Santo António (CHUdSA), Porto, Portugal
- Instituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal
| | - Lilianne Duarte
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar de Entre Douro e Vouga (CHEDV), Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal
| | - Vitor Miranda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar de Entre Douro e Vouga (CHEDV), Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal
| | - José Costa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital de Braga (HB), Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Berta Sousa
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Virginie G Peter
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Karolina Kaminska
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Rivolta
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Luísa Carvalho
- Medical Genetics Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
- University Clinic of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge Saraiva
- Medical Genetics Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
- University Clinic of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Célia Azevedo Soares
- Medical Genetics Department, Centro de Genética Médica Jacinto Magalhães, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto (CHUP), Porto, Portugal
- Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Medical Science Department, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rufino Silva
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
- University Clinic of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Murta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
- University Clinic of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - João Pedro Marques
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.
- University Clinic of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
De Falco A, Karali M, Criscuolo C, Testa F, Barillari MR, Scarpato M, Gaudieri V, Cuocolo A, Russo A, Nigro V, Simonelli F, Banfi S, Brunetti-Pierri N. Late-onset mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA mimicking Usher syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63517. [PMID: 38149346 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA (MPS IIIA or Sanfilippo syndrome type A) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the SGSH gene encoding N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase, an enzyme involved in the degradation of heparan sulfate. MPS IIIA is typically characterized by neurocognitive decline and hepatosplenomegaly with childhood onset. Here, we report on a 53-year-old male subject initially diagnosed with Usher syndrome for the concurrence of retinitis pigmentosa and sensorineural hearing loss. Clinical exome sequencing identified biallelic missense variants in SGSH, and biochemical assays showed complete deficiency of sulfamidase activity and increased urinary glycosaminoglycan excretion. Reverse phenotyping revealed left ventricle pseudo-hypertrophy, hepatosplenomegaly, bilateral deep white matter hyperintensities upon brain MRI, and decreased cortical metabolic activity by PET-CT. On neuropsychological testing, the proband presented only partial and isolated verbal memory deficits. This case illustrates the power of unbiased, comprehensive genetic testing for the diagnosis of challenging mild or atypical forms of MPS IIIA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro De Falco
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marianthi Karali
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Criscuolo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive, and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Testa
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Barillari
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Margherita Scarpato
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Gaudieri
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Cuocolo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Russo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Simonelli
- Eye Clinic, Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Sandro Banfi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM, School of Advanced Studies), Genomics and Experimental Medicine Program, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Holanda IP, Rim PHH, Guaragna MS, Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL, Steiner CE. Syndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa: A 15-Patient Study. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:516. [PMID: 38674450 PMCID: PMC11050127 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of genetically determined retinal dystrophies characterized by primary photoreceptor apoptosis and can occur in isolated or syndromic conditions. This study reviewed the clinical data of 15 patients with syndromic retinitis pigmentosa from a Rare Disease Reference Center in Brazil and the results of their next-generation sequencing tests. Five males and ten females participated, with the mean ages for ocular disease onset, fundoscopic diagnosis, and molecular evaluation being 9, 19, and 29 years, respectively. Bardet-Biedl syndrome (n = 5) and Usher syndrome (n = 3) were the most frequent diagnoses, followed by other rare conditions. Among the patients, fourteen completed molecular studies, with three negative results and eleven revealing findings in known genes, including novel variants in MKKS (c.432_435del, p.Phe144Leufs*14), USH2A (c.(7301+1_7302-1)_(9369+1_9370-1)del), and CEP250 (c.5383dup, p.Glu1795Glyfs*13, and c.5050del, p.Asp1684Thrfs*9). Except for Kearn-Sayre, all presented an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern with 64% homozygosity results. The long gap between symptom onset and diagnosis highlights the diagnostic challenges faced by the patients. This study reaffirms the clinical heterogeneity of syndromic retinitis pigmentosa and underscores the pivotal role of molecular analysis in advancing our understanding of these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ianne Pessoa Holanda
- Genética Médica e Medicina Genômica, Departamento de Medicina Translacional, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-888, SP, Brazil; (I.P.H.); (M.S.G.); (V.L.G.-d.-S.-L.)
| | - Priscila Hae Hyun Rim
- Ambulatório de Genética Ocular, Departamento de Oftalmologia e Otorrinolaringologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-888, SP, Brazil;
| | - Rare Genomes Project Consortium
- Serviço de Genética Molecular, Departamento de Medicina Laboratorial, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), São Paulo 05652-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Mara Sanches Guaragna
- Genética Médica e Medicina Genômica, Departamento de Medicina Translacional, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-888, SP, Brazil; (I.P.H.); (M.S.G.); (V.L.G.-d.-S.-L.)
| | - Vera Lúcia Gil-da-Silva-Lopes
- Genética Médica e Medicina Genômica, Departamento de Medicina Translacional, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-888, SP, Brazil; (I.P.H.); (M.S.G.); (V.L.G.-d.-S.-L.)
| | - Carlos Eduardo Steiner
- Genética Médica e Medicina Genômica, Departamento de Medicina Translacional, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-888, SP, Brazil; (I.P.H.); (M.S.G.); (V.L.G.-d.-S.-L.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Watanabe K, Nishio SY, Usami SI. The prevalence and clinical features of MYO7A-related hearing loss including DFNA11, DFNB2 and USH1B. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8326. [PMID: 38594301 PMCID: PMC11003999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57415-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The MYO7A gene is known to be responsible for both syndromic hearing loss (Usher syndrome type1B:USH1B) and non-syndromic hearing loss including autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance (DFNA11, DFNB2). However, the prevalence and detailed clinical features of MYO7A-associated hearing loss across a large population remain unclear. In this study, we conducted next-generation sequencing analysis for a large cohort of 10,042 Japanese hearing loss patients. As a result, 137 patients were identified with MYO7A-associated hearing loss so that the prevalence among Japanese hearing loss patients was 1.36%. We identified 70 disease-causing candidate variants in this study, with 36 of them being novel variants. All variants identified in autosomal dominant cases were missense or in-frame deletion variants. Among the autosomal recessive cases, all patients had at least one missense variant. On the other hand, in patients with Usher syndrome, almost half of the patients carried biallelic null variants (nonsense, splicing, and frameshift variants). Most of the autosomal dominant cases showed late-onset progressive hearing loss. On the other hand, cases with autosomal recessive inheritance or Usher syndrome showed congenital or early-onset hearing loss. The visual symptoms in the Usher syndrome cases developed between age 5-15, and the condition was diagnosed at about 6-15 years of age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kizuki Watanabe
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Nishio
- Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Usami
- Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Heon E, Melia M, Bocchino LE, Samarakoon L, Duncan JL, Ayala AR, Audo I, Bradley C, Cheetham JK, Dagnelie G, Durham TA, Hoyng CB, Jain N, Jayasundera KT, Pennesi ME, Weng CY. Functional Vision in Patients With Biallelic USH2A Variants. Am J Ophthalmol 2024; 260:200-211. [PMID: 38135239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe functional vision (FV) and investigate the relationship between FV, visual acuity (VA), and hill of vision (VTOT) at baseline in patients with biallelic USH2A variants. DESIGN Multicenter, international, cross-sectional study. METHODS In individuals with biallelic disease-causing variants in USH2A, clinical diagnosis of Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2) or autosomal recessive nonsyndromic retinitis pigmentosa (ARRP) was based on history of hearing loss and audiology examinations. The VALVVFQ-48 was administered verbally to participants ≥18 years old. VA was measured in both eyes; VTOT was determined from static perimetry in the study eye (better VA). FV scores were calculated using Rasch analysis. RESULTS Median age of 121 participants (76 with USH2, 45 with ARRP) was 41 years (range: 19-80); 54% were female. FV scores varied from -2.0 to 7.6 logits (median [interquartile range (IQR)]: 2.8 [1.5-3.8]). ARRP and USH2 participants had similar FV scores, both before [mean (95% CI): 2.8 (2.3-3.4) and 2.7 (2.3-3.2), respectively], and after [mean (95% CI): 2.5 (2.1-3.0) and 2.9 (2.6-3.3), respectively; P = .24] adjusting for age, VA, disease duration, and VTOT. VA and VTOT accounted for 29% and 26% of the variance in FV scores, respectively (P < .001 for each). Together, they accounted for 36% of variance observed. CONCLUSIONS Biallelic USH2A variants were associated with a large range of FV, yet similar in ARRP and USH2, despite hearing loss in USH2. The modified VALVVFQ-48 we evaluated is not ideal for detecting the impact of USH2A-associated retinal degenerations on activities of daily living.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elise Heon
- From the Departments of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto (E.H.), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michele Melia
- Jaeb Center for Health Research (M.M., L.E.B., L.S., A.R.A.), Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Laura E Bocchino
- Jaeb Center for Health Research (M.M., L.E.B., L.S., A.R.A.), Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Lassana Samarakoon
- Jaeb Center for Health Research (M.M., L.E.B., L.S., A.R.A.), Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jacque L Duncan
- University of California, San Francisco (J.L.D.), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Allison R Ayala
- Jaeb Center for Health Research (M.M., L.E.B., L.S., A.R.A.), Tampa, Florida, USA.
| | - Isabelle Audo
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS (I.A.), Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC1423 (I.A.), Paris, France
| | - Chris Bradley
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University (C.B., G.D.), Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Janet K Cheetham
- Foundation Fighting Blindness (J.K.C., T.A.D.), Columbia, Maryland, USA
| | - Gislin Dagnelie
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University (C.B., G.D.), Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Todd A Durham
- Foundation Fighting Blindness (J.K.C., T.A.D.), Columbia, Maryland, USA
| | - Carel B Hoyng
- Radboud University Medical Center (C.B.H.), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Nieraj Jain
- Emory Eye Center (N.J.), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Mark E Pennesi
- Casey Eye Institute-Oregon Health & Science University (M.E.P.), Portland, Oregon, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Johansen L, O'Hare F, Shepard ER, Ayton LN, Pelentsov LJ, Kearns LS, Galvin KL. Exploring the support needs of Australian parents of young children with Usher syndrome: a qualitative thematic analysis. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:129. [PMID: 38515174 PMCID: PMC10956185 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03125-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advancements in genetic testing have led to Usher syndrome now being diagnosed at a much earlier age than in the past, enabling the provision of early intervention and support to children and families. Despite these developments, anecdotal reports suggest there are substantial gaps in the services and supports provided to parents of children with Usher syndrome. The current study investigated the support needs of parents of children with Usher syndrome Type 1 when their child was aged 0 to 5 years. METHOD Purposive sampling was used, and six semi-structured interviews were conducted with Australian parents of children with Usher syndrome, Type 1. Data was analysed using modified reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Four key themes were identified as being central to the support needs of parents of children with Usher syndrome aged 0 to 5 years. (1) Social Needs referred to parents' need for various sources of social support, (2) Informational Needs described the lack of information parents received regarding Usher syndrome from treating professionals, (3) Practical Needs included supports needed to assist parents in managing the day-to-day tasks of caring for a child with a disability, and (4) Emotional Needs represented the emotional support (both formal and informal) that parents needed to be a positive support to their child. CONCLUSIONS Findings provide rich information for relevant support groups, policy makers, individual healthcare professionals, and professional governing bodies regarding the education of stakeholders and the development and implementation of best-practice treatment guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Johansen
- UsherKids Australia, Mordialloc, VIC, Australia
| | - F O'Hare
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - E R Shepard
- UsherKids Australia, Mordialloc, VIC, Australia
| | - L N Ayton
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - L J Pelentsov
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - L S Kearns
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - K L Galvin
- Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Arias-Peso B, Calero-Ramos ML, López-Ladrón García de la Borbolla C, López-Domínguez M, Morillo-Sánchez MJ, Méndez-Martínez S, Sánchez-Gómez S, Rodríguez-de-la-Rúa E. Multidisciplinary approach to inherited causes of dual sensory impairment. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 262:701-715. [PMID: 37341837 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This article presents a review of the main causes of inherited dual sensory impairment (DSI) with an emphasis on the multidisciplinary approach. METHODS A narrative review of English literature published before January 2023 was conducted using PubMed, Medline, and Scopus databases. The different causes of inherited DSI are discussed from a multidisciplinary perspective. RESULTS There are a wide range of dual sensory impairment (DSI), commonly referred to as blindness and deafness. While Usher syndrome is the most frequent genetic cause, other genetic syndromes such as Alport syndrome or Stickler syndrome can also lead to DSI. Various retinal phenotypes, including pigmentary retinopathy as seen in Usher syndrome, vitreoretinopathy as in Stickler syndrome, and macular dystrophy as in Alport syndrome, along with type of hearing loss (sensorineural or conductive) and additional systemic symptoms can aid in diagnostic suspicion. A thorough ophthalmologic and otorhinolaryngologic examination can help guide diagnosis, which can then be confirmed with genetic studies, crucial for determining prognosis. Effective hearing rehabilitation measures, such as hearing implants, and visual rehabilitation measures, such as low vision optical devices, are crucial for maintaining social interaction and proper development in these patients. CONCLUSIONS While Usher syndrome is the primary cause of inherited dual sensory impairment (DSI), other genetic syndromes can also lead to this condition. A proper diagnostic approach based on retinal phenotypes and types of hearing loss can aid in ruling out alternative causes. Multidisciplinary approaches can assist in reaching a definitive diagnosis, which has significant prognostic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Borja Arias-Peso
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 1-3 Isabel la Católica Street, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
- Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | - Silvia Méndez-Martínez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 1-3 Isabel la Católica Street, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Serafin Sánchez-Gómez
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Enrique Rodríguez-de-la-Rúa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology Area, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Amorim AM, Ramada AB, Lopes AC, Duarte Silva E, Lemos J, Ribeiro JC. Vestibulo-ocular reflex dynamics with head-impulses discriminates Usher patients type 1 and 2. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3701. [PMID: 38355682 PMCID: PMC10867007 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54270-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Usher Syndrome classification takes into account the absence of vestibular function but its correlation with genotype is not well characterized. We intend to investigate whether video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) is useful in screening and to differentiate Usher Syndrome types. 29 Usher patients (USH) with a genetically confirmed diagnosis and 30 healthy controls were studied with vHIT and dizziness handicap inventory questionnaire (DHI). Statistical significant differences between USH1, USH2 and controls were found in the vestibulo-ocular-reflex (VOR) gain of all SCCs, with USH1 patients consistently presenting smaller gains. VOR gain of the right lateral SCC could discriminate controls from USH1, and USH2 from USH1 with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 90%. USH1 DHI correlated with VOR (ρ = - 0,971, p = 0.001). Occurrence rate of covert and overt lateral semicircular canals refixation saccades (RS) was significantly different between groups, being higher in USH1 patients (p < 0.001). USH1 peak velocity of covert and overt saccades was higher for lateral semicircular canals (p < 0.05 and p = 0.001) compared with USH2 and controls. Covert saccades occurrence rate for horizontal SCCs could discriminate USH1 from USH2 patients and controls with a diagnostic accuracy of 85%. vHIT is a fast and non-invasive instrument which allowed us to screen and distinguish Usher patients from controls with a high precision. Importantly, its use allowed further discrimination between USH1 from USH2 groups. Moreover, VOR gain seems to correlate with vertigo-related quality of life in more severe phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Margarida Amorim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Coimbra University Hospital Centre, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-135, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ana Beatriz Ramada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Coimbra University Hospital Centre, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-135, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Lopes
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Coimbra University Hospital Centre, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-135, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - João Lemos
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Neurology, Coimbra University Hospital Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Carlos Ribeiro
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Coimbra University Hospital Centre, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-135, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lahlou G, Calvet C, Simon F, Michel V, Alciato L, Plion B, Boutet de Monvel J, Lecomte MJ, Beraneck M, Petit C, Safieddine S. Extended time frame for restoring inner ear function through gene therapy in Usher1G preclinical model. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e169504. [PMID: 38194286 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.169504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Neonatal gene therapy has been shown to prevent inner ear dysfunction in mouse models of Usher syndrome type I (USH1), the most common genetic cause of combined deafness-blindness and vestibular dysfunction. However, hearing onset occurs after birth in mice and in utero in humans, making it questionable how to transpose murine gene therapy outcomes to clinical settings. Here, we sought to extend the therapeutic time window in a mouse model for USH1G to periods corresponding to human neonatal stages, more suitable for intervention in patients. Mice with deletion of Ush1g (Ush1g-/-) were subjected to gene therapy after the hearing onset. The rescue of inner ear hair cell structure was evaluated by confocal imaging and electron microscopy. Hearing and vestibular function were assessed by recordings of the auditory brain stem response and vestibulo-ocular reflex and by locomotor tests. Up to P21, gene therapy significantly restored both the hearing and balance deficits in Ush1g-/- mice. However, beyond this age and up to P30, vestibular function was restored but not hearing. Our data show that effective gene therapy is possible in Ush1g-/- mice well beyond neonatal stages, implying that the therapeutic window for USH1G may be wide enough to be transposable to newborn humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghizlene Lahlou
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de l'Audition, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne University, Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, DMU ChIR, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Calvet
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de l'Audition, Paris, France
| | - François Simon
- Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8002, INCC - Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, Paris, France
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Michel
- Institut Pasteur, INSERM, Pathogenesis of Vascular Infections Unit, Paris, France
| | - Lauranne Alciato
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de l'Audition, Paris, France
| | - Baptiste Plion
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de l'Audition, Paris, France
| | | | - Marie-José Lecomte
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de l'Audition, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Beraneck
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 8002, INCC - Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center, Paris, France
| | - Christine Petit
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de l'Audition, Paris, France
- Collège de France, Paris, France
| | - Saaid Safieddine
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de l'Audition, Paris, France
- CNRS, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jia Y, Jia G, Guo L, Song N, Wang YM, Jiang L, Shu Y, Chen Y, Zhu S, Li H, Li W. Novel heterozygous USH1C mutation impacts hair cell mechanotransduction and causes progressive hearing loss. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:167-172. [PMID: 37973466 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Jia
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China; The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Gaogan Jia
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China; The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Luo Guo
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China; The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Nan Song
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yu-Meng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, and Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Luoying Jiang
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China; The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yilai Shu
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China; The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Chen
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China; The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shujia Zhu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Huawei Li
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China; The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Wenyan Li
- ENT Institute and Otorhinolaryngology Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China; The Institutes of Brain Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Han S, Wang Q, Cheng M, Hu Y, Liu P, Hou W, Liang L. The effects of ush2a gene knockout on vesicle transport in photoreceptors. Gene 2024; 892:147885. [PMID: 37813209 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
USH2A (Usher syndrome type 2A) gene mutations are the predominant cause of Usher syndrome type 2, characterized by sensorineural hearing loss and retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and also significant contributors to non-syndromic RP. To date, there is a lack of definitive therapeutic interventions to mitigate the associated disorders caused by USH2A mutations, and the precise pathogenic mechanisms underlying their onset remain unclear. In the present study, we utilized the ush2a knockout zebrafish model to investigate the pathological mechanisms of RP. In late-stage ush2a-/- zebrafish, the outer segments of rods displayed shortened length and decreased number. Anomalous vesicle accumulation was observed at the junction between the inner and outer segments, accompanied by reduced expression and structural damage of actin filaments in the photoreceptor cells. Furthermore, we discovered that Rab8 expression was downregulated and exhibited aberrant localization in ush2a-/- zebrafish. Additionally, we identified an interaction between USH2A and Rab8. Therefore, the knockout of ush2a may potentially affect vesicle transport through the regulation of Rab8, providing a novel target for maintaining the survival of photoreceptor cells. These findings also contribute to our understanding of the potential molecular pathogenesis underlying RP caused by USH2A gene mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Meiqi Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China
| | - Wanle Hou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Hospital of Laohekou City, Laohekou 441800, Hubei, China.
| | - Liang Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Clinical Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443003, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nguyen VP, Hu J, Zhe J, Chen EY, Yang D, Paulus YM. Multimodal photoacoustic microscopy, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescence imaging of USH2A knockout rabbits. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22071. [PMID: 38086867 PMCID: PMC10716268 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48872-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome type 2A (USH2A) is a genetic disorder characterized by retinal degeneration and hearing loss. To better understand the pathogenesis and progression of this syndrome, animal models such as USH2A knockout (USH2AKO) rabbits have been developed. In this study, we employed multimodal imaging techniques, including photoacoustic microscopy (PAM), optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fluorescein angiography (FA), and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) imaging to evaluate the retinal changes in the USH2AKO rabbit model. Twelve New Zealand White rabbits including USH2AKO and wild type (WT) were used for the experiments. Multimodal imaging was implemented at different time points over a period of 12 months to visualize the progression of retinal changes in USH2AKO rabbits. The results demonstrate that ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption and degeneration, key features of Usher syndrome, began at the age of 4 months old and persisted up to 12 months. The EZ degeneration areas were clearly observed on the FAF and OCT images. The FAF images revealed retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration, confirming the presence of the disease phenotype in the USH2AKO rabbits. In addition, PAM images provided high-resolution and high image contrast of the optic nerve and the retinal microvasculature, including retinal vessels, choroidal vessels, and capillaries in three-dimensions. The quantification of EZ fluorescent intensity using FAF and EZ thickness using OCT provided comprehensive quantitative data on the progression of degenerative changes over time. This multimodal imaging approach allowed for a comprehensive and non-invasive assessment of retinal structure, microvasculature, and degenerative changes in the USH2AKO rabbit model. The combination of PAM, OCT, and fluorescent imaging facilitated longitudinal monitoring of disease progression and provided valuable insights into the pathophysiology of USH2A syndrome. These findings contribute to the understanding of USH2A syndrome and may have implications for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for affected individuals. The multimodal imaging techniques employed in this study offer a promising platform for preclinical evaluation of potential treatments and may pave the way for future clinical applications in patients with Usher syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Phuc Nguyen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Justin Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Josh Zhe
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Eugene Y Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Rd NCRC B26-355S, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA
| | - Dongshan Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Rd NCRC B26-355S, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA.
| | - Yannis M Paulus
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li WY, Sui RF. [Advances on gene therapy for USH2A exon 13 related inherited retinal dystrophy]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2023; 59:1058-1064. [PMID: 38061908 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20231024-00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Biallelic pathogenic variants in the USH2A gene result in Usher syndrome type Ⅱ and non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa, both of which entail the progressive loss of photoreceptors leading to blindness. The cDNA of the USH2A gene is extensive, consisting of 15 606 base pairs, rendering it impractical for delivery via adeno-associated virus vectors for gene replacement therapy. Notably, exon 13 has emerged as a focal point for therapeutic intervention, given its predilection for harboring the most pathogenic variants within USH2A. Recent intervention studies targeting USH2A exon 13 through the utilization of antisense oligonucleotides, genome editing, and RNA editing approaches have exhibited promising therapeutic potential. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms, outcome data, and the challenges associated with the application of these interventions in this domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Y Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - R F Sui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Riaz S, Sethna S, Duncan T, Naeem MA, Redmond TM, Riazuddin S, Riazuddin S, Carvalho LS, Ahmed ZM. Dual AAV-based PCDH15 gene therapy achieves sustained rescue of visual function in a mouse model of Usher syndrome 1F. Mol Ther 2023; 31:3490-3501. [PMID: 37864333 PMCID: PMC10727994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the PCDH15 gene, encoding protocadherin-15, are among the leading causes of Usher syndrome type 1 (USH1F), and account for up to 12% USH1 cases worldwide. A founder truncating variant of PCDH15 has a ∼2% carrier frequency in Ashkenazi Jews accounting for nearly 60% of their USH1 cases. Although cochlear implants can restore hearing perception in USH1 patients, presently there are no effective treatments for the vision loss due to retinitis pigmentosa. We established a founder allele-specific Pcdh15 knockin mouse model as a platform to ascertain therapeutic strategies. Using a dual-vector approach to circumvent the size limitation of adeno-associated virus, we observed robust expression of exogenous PCDH15 in the retinae of Pcdh15KI mice, sustained recovery of electroretinogram amplitudes and key retinoid oxime, substantially improved light-dependent translocation of phototransduction proteins, and enhanced levels of retinal pigment epithelium-derived enzymes. Thus, our data raise hope and pave the way for future gene therapy trials in USH1F subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sehar Riaz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54500, Pakistan
| | - Saumil Sethna
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Todd Duncan
- Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Muhammad A Naeem
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54500, Pakistan
| | - T Michael Redmond
- Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- Jinnah Burn and Reconstructive Surgery Centre, Allama Iqbal Medical Research, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54500, Pakistan
| | - Saima Riazuddin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Livia S Carvalho
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; Retinal Genomics and Therapy Group, Lions Eye Institute Ltd, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Zubair M Ahmed
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Schott JW, Huang P, Morgan M, Nelson-Brantley J, Koehler A, Renslo B, Büning H, Warnecke A, Schambach A, Staecker H. Third-generation lentiviral gene therapy rescues function in a mouse model of Usher 1B. Mol Ther 2023; 31:3502-3519. [PMID: 37915173 PMCID: PMC10727968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome 1B (USH1B) is a devastating genetic disorder with congenital deafness, loss of balance, and blindness caused by mutations in the myosin-VIIa (MYO7A) gene, for which there is currently no cure. We developed a gene therapy approach addressing the vestibulo-cochlear deficits of USH1B using a third-generation, high-capacity lentiviral vector system capable of delivering the large 6,645-bp MYO7A cDNA. Lentivirally delivered MYO7A and co-encoded dTomato were successfully expressed in the cochlear cell line HEI-OC1. In normal-hearing mice, both cochlea and the vestibular organ were efficiently transduced, and ectopic MYO7A overexpression did not show any adverse effects. In Shaker-1 mice, an USH1B disease model based on Myo7a mutation, cochlear and vestibular hair cells, the main inner ear cell types affected in USH1B, were successfully transduced. In homozygous mutant mice, delivery of MYO7A at postnatal day 16 resulted in a trend for partial recovery of auditory function and in strongly reduced balance deficits. Heterozygous mutant mice were found to develop severe hearing loss at 6 months of age without balance deficits, and lentiviral MYO7A gene therapy completely rescued hearing to wild-type hearing thresholds. In summary, this study demonstrates improved hearing and balance function through lentiviral gene therapy in the inner ear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane W Schott
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Peixin Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Michael Morgan
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jennifer Nelson-Brantley
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Ally Koehler
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Bryan Renslo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Hildegard Büning
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Athanasia Warnecke
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Hinrich Staecker
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
AitRaise I, Amalou G, Redouane S, Charoute H, Snoussi K, Abdelghaffar H, Bonnet C, Petit C, Barakat A. Novel pathogenic WHRN variant causing hearing loss in a moroccan family. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:10663-10669. [PMID: 37924449 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08901-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The most prevalent sensory disease in humans is deafness. A variety of genes have been linked to hearing loss, which can either be isolated (non-syndromic) or associated with lesions in other organs (syndromic). It has been discovered that WHRN variants are responsible for non-syndromic hearing loss and Usher syndrome type II. METHODS AND RESULTS Exome sequencing in a consanguineous Moroccan patient with severe hearing loss identified a single homozygous mutation c.619G > T; p.Ala207Ser in WHRN, encoding a cytoskeletal scaffold protein that binds membrane protein complexes to the cytoskeleton in ocular photoreceptors and ear hair cell stereocilia. Bioinformatics methods and molecular dynamic modeling were able to predict the pathogenic implications of this variation. CONCLUSION We used whole exome sequencing to find a homozygous WHRN gene variant in a Moroccan family. Numerous bioinformatics methods predict that this modification might result in a change in the WHRN protein's structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imane AitRaise
- Genomics and Human Genetics Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, Casablanca, 20360, Morocco
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Environment and Agri-food, Faculty of Science and Techniques of Mohammedia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Ghita Amalou
- Genomics and Human Genetics Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, Casablanca, 20360, Morocco
| | - Salaheddine Redouane
- Genomics and Human Genetics Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, Casablanca, 20360, Morocco
| | - Hicham Charoute
- Research unit of epidemiology, biostatistics and bioinformatics, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Khalid Snoussi
- Audition center, Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Houria Abdelghaffar
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Environment and Agri-food, Faculty of Science and Techniques of Mohammedia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Crystel Bonnet
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de l'Audition, Paris, F-75012, France
| | - Christine Petit
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Institut de l'Audition, Paris, F-75012, France
- Collège de France, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Abdelhamid Barakat
- Genomics and Human Genetics Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, Casablanca, 20360, Morocco.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang Y, Guo X, Hao L, Tian M, Ma Y, Tang Y. Identification of a novel compound heterozygous pathogenic variant in MYO7A causing Usher syndrome type IB in a Chinese patient: a case report. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231218924. [PMID: 38141656 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231218924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the clinical and genetic features of a patient with Usher syndrome type IB to improve our collective understanding of the disorder. The patient was a teenaged boy with congenital profound hearing loss, progressive visual loss, and vestibular hypoplasia; his parents were phenotypically normal. His pure tone audiometry hearing thresholds were 100 dB at all frequencies, and distortion product otoacoustic emission was not elicited at any frequencies in either ear. Moreover, an auditory brainstem response test at 100 dB normal hearing level revealed no relevant response waves, and a caloric test showed vestibular hypoplasia. Fundus examination revealed retinitis pigmentosa and a reduced visual field. The use of high-throughput sequencing technology to screen the patient's family lineage for deafness-related genes revealed that the patient carried a compound heterozygous pathogenic variant of MYO7A: c.541C > T and c.6364delG. This pathogenic variant has not previously been reported. Our findings may provide a basis for genetic counseling, effective treatment, and/or gene therapy for Usher syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya'nan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xinyi Guo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Ling Hao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Meihui Tian
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- College of Basic Medical Science, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yong Tang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Daich Varela M, Wong SW, Kiray G, Schlottmann PG, Arno G, Shams ANA, Mahroo OA, Webster AR, AlTalbishi A, Michaelides M. Detailed Clinical, Ophthalmic, and Genetic Characterization of ADGRV1-Associated Usher Syndrome. Am J Ophthalmol 2023; 256:186-195. [PMID: 37422204 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present the clinical characteristics, retinal features, natural history, and genetics of ADGRV1-Usher syndrome (USH). DESIGN Multicenter international retrospective cohort study. METHODS Clinical notes, hearing loss history, multimodal retinal imaging, and molecular diagnosis were reviewed. Thirty patients (28 families) with USH type 2 and disease-causing variants in ADGRV1 were identified. Visual function, retinal imaging, and genetics were evaluated and correlated, with retinal features also compared with those of the commonest cause of USH type 2, USH2A-USH. RESULTS The mean age at the first visit was 38.6 ± 12.0 years (range: 19-74 years), and the mean follow-up time was 9.0 ± 7.7 years. Hearing loss was reported in the first decade of life by all patients, 3 (10%) described progressive loss, and 93% had moderate-severe impairment. Visual symptom onset was at 17.0 ± 7.7 years of age (range: 6-32 years), with 13 patients noticing problems before the age of 16. At baseline, 90% of patients had no or mild visual impairment. The most frequent retinal features were a hyperautofluorescent ring at the posterior pole (70%), perimacular patches of decreased autofluorescence (59%), and mild-moderate peripheral bone-spicule-like deposits (63%). Twenty-six (53%) variants were previously unreported, 19 families (68%) had double-null genotypes, and 9 were not-double-null. Longitudinal analysis showed significant differences between baseline and follow-up central macular thickness (-1.25 µm/y), outer nuclear layer thickness (-1.19 µm/y), and ellipsoid zone width (-40.9 µm/y). The rate of visual acuity decline was 0.02 LogMAR (1 letter)/y, and the rate of constriction of the hyperautofluorescent ring was 0.23 mm2/y. CONCLUSIONS ADGRV1-USH is characterized by early-onset, usually non-progressive, mild-to-severe hearing loss and generally good central vision until late adulthood. Perimacular atrophic patches and relatively retained ellipsoid zone and central macular thickness in later adulthood are more often seen in ADGRV1-USH than in USH2A-USH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malena Daich Varela
- From the Moorfields Eye Hospital (M.D.V., S.W.W., G.K., G.A., O.A.M., A.R.W., M.M.), London, UK; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (M.D.V., G.A., O.A.M., A.R.W., M.M.), London, UK
| | - Shiao Wei Wong
- From the Moorfields Eye Hospital (M.D.V., S.W.W., G.K., G.A., O.A.M., A.R.W., M.M.), London, UK
| | - Gulunay Kiray
- From the Moorfields Eye Hospital (M.D.V., S.W.W., G.K., G.A., O.A.M., A.R.W., M.M.), London, UK
| | | | - Gavin Arno
- From the Moorfields Eye Hospital (M.D.V., S.W.W., G.K., G.A., O.A.M., A.R.W., M.M.), London, UK; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (M.D.V., G.A., O.A.M., A.R.W., M.M.), London, UK
| | - Amjaad N Abu Shams
- St John of Jerusalem Eye Hospital Group, Jerusalem, Palestine (A.N.A.S., A.A.T.)
| | - Omar A Mahroo
- From the Moorfields Eye Hospital (M.D.V., S.W.W., G.K., G.A., O.A.M., A.R.W., M.M.), London, UK; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (M.D.V., G.A., O.A.M., A.R.W., M.M.), London, UK
| | - Andrew R Webster
- From the Moorfields Eye Hospital (M.D.V., S.W.W., G.K., G.A., O.A.M., A.R.W., M.M.), London, UK; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (M.D.V., G.A., O.A.M., A.R.W., M.M.), London, UK
| | - Alaa AlTalbishi
- St John of Jerusalem Eye Hospital Group, Jerusalem, Palestine (A.N.A.S., A.A.T.)
| | - Michel Michaelides
- From the Moorfields Eye Hospital (M.D.V., S.W.W., G.K., G.A., O.A.M., A.R.W., M.M.), London, UK; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (M.D.V., G.A., O.A.M., A.R.W., M.M.), London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Han JH, Cancellieri F, Perea-Romero I, Ayuso C, Quinodoz M, Rivolta C. The p.C759F Variant in USH2A Is a Pathogenic Mutation: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of 667 Genotypes. Ophthalmic Res 2023; 67:107-114. [PMID: 38016437 DOI: 10.1159/000535545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the p.C759F (c.2276G>T, p.Cys759Phe) variant in the USH2A gene has been identified in association with retinal degeneration by several authors, its pathogenicity has been questioned once by the publication of two unaffected homozygotes from a single family. OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to ascertain the role of p.C759F in hereditary retinal disease. METHODS We examined 87 research articles reporting on patients carrying this variant and then used this information as primary data for a series of meta-analytical tests. RESULTS Independent statistical analyses showed that p.C759F (i) is highly enriched in patients with respect to healthy individuals, (ii) represents a clear-cut recessive allele causing disease when it is in trans with other mutations, (iii) is pathogenic in homozygotes. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm that p.C759F is a bona fide mutation, leading to retinal blindness according to a recessive pattern of inheritance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Han
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Cancellieri
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Irene Perea-Romero
- Department of Genetics, Health Research Institute-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- Department of Genetics, Health Research Institute-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mathieu Quinodoz
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Carlo Rivolta
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nam DW, Song YK, Kim JH, Lee EK, Park KH, Cha J, Choi BY, Lee JH, Oh SH, Jo DH, Lee SY. Allelic hierarchy for USH2A influences auditory and visual phenotypes in South Korean patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20239. [PMID: 37981655 PMCID: PMC10658080 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47166-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
When medical genetic syndromes are influenced by allelic hierarchies, mutant alleles have distinct effects on clinical phenotypes. Genotype-phenotype correlations for Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2) suggest that the USH2A gene exhibits an allelic hierarchy. Here, we analyzed the phenotypes and genotypes of 16 South Korean patients with USH2A biallelic variants to investigate an allelic hierarchy from audiological and ophthalmological perspectives. Using whole exome and genome sequencing, 18 mutant alleles, including 4 novel alleles, were identified and implicated in USH2A-related disorders. Truncated alleles were linked to earlier onset of subjective hearing loss and more severe thresholds; biallelic truncated alleles had more severe effects. Truncated alleles were also associated with retinal structure degeneration and severe functional deterioration. However, younger patients (aged < 16 years) did not exhibit overt retinitis pigmentosa even when they had biallelic truncated alleles, suggesting that USH2A-related USH2 can mimic nonsyndromic hearing loss. For truncated alleles, there was a clear correlation between mean hearing threshold and 30-Hz flicker electroretinography implicit time. This study provides the first evidence of an USH2A-related allelic hierarchy among South Korean patients; our data yield valuable insights concerning the natural courses of clinical phenotypes and how genotype-based therapies may be used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Woo Nam
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Keun Song
- Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hun Kim
- Fight Against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hyung Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JuHyuen Cha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Yoon Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ha Oh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Jo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Yeon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gilmore WB, Hultgren NW, Chadha A, Barocio SB, Zhang J, Kutsyr O, Flores-Bellver M, Canto-Soler MV, Williams DS. Expression of two major isoforms of MYO7A in the retina: Considerations for gene therapy of Usher syndrome type 1B. Vision Res 2023; 212:108311. [PMID: 37586294 PMCID: PMC10984346 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2023.108311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Usher syndrome type 1B (USH1B) is a deaf-blindness disorder, caused by mutations in the MYO7A gene, which encodes the heavy chain of an unconventional actin-based motor protein. Here, we examined the two retinal isoforms of MYO7A, IF1 and IF2. We compared 3D models of the two isoforms and noted that the 38-amino acid region that is present in IF1 but absent from IF2 affects the C lobe of the FERM1 domain and the opening of a cleft in this potentially important protein binding domain. Expression of each of the two isoforms of human MYO7A and pig and mouse Myo7a was detected in the RPE and neural retina. Quantification by qPCR showed that the expression of IF2 was typically ∼ 7-fold greater than that of IF1. We discuss the implications of these findings for any USH1B gene therapy strategy. Given the current incomplete knowledge of the functions of each isoform, both isoforms should be considered for targeting both the RPE and the neural retina in gene augmentation therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Blake Gilmore
- Department of Ophthalmology and Stein Eye Institute, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nan W Hultgren
- Department of Ophthalmology and Stein Eye Institute, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Abhishek Chadha
- Department of Ophthalmology and Stein Eye Institute, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sonia B Barocio
- Department of Ophthalmology and Stein Eye Institute, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joyce Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Stein Eye Institute, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Oksana Kutsyr
- CellSight Ocular Stem Cell and Regeneration Research Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Miguel Flores-Bellver
- CellSight Ocular Stem Cell and Regeneration Research Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - M Valeria Canto-Soler
- CellSight Ocular Stem Cell and Regeneration Research Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Center, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David S Williams
- Department of Ophthalmology and Stein Eye Institute, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Linnert J, Güler BE, Krzysko J, Wolfrum U. The adhesion G protein-coupled receptor VLGR1/ADGRV1 controls autophagy. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 133:313-330. [PMID: 37002809 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
VLGR1/ADGRV1 (very large G protein-coupled receptor-1) is the largest known adhesion G protein-coupled receptor. Mutations in VLGR1/ADGRV1 cause Usher syndrome (USH), the most common form of hereditary deaf-blindness, and have been additionally linked to epilepsy. Although VLGR1/ADGRV1 is almost ubiquitously expressed, little is known about the subcellular function and signalling of the VLGR1 protein and thus about mechanisms underlying the development of diseases. Using affinity proteomics, we identified key components of autophagosomes as putative interacting proteins of VLGR1. In addition, whole transcriptome sequencing of the retinae of the Vlgr1/del7TM mouse model revealed altered expression profiles of gene-related autophagy. Monitoring autophagy by immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry of the LC3 and p62 as autophagy marker proteins revealed evoked autophagy in VLGR1-deficient hTERT-RPE1 cells and USH2C patient-derived fibroblasts. Our data demonstrate the molecular and functional interaction of VLGR1 with key components of the autophagy process and point to an essential role of VLGR1 in the regulation of autophagy at internal membranes. The close association of VLGR1 with autophagy helps to explain the pathomechanisms underlying human USH and epilepsy related to VLGR1 defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Linnert
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Baran E Güler
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jacek Krzysko
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Uwe Wolfrum
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Toms M, Toualbi L, Almeida PV, Harbottle R, Moosajee M. Successful large gene augmentation of USH2A with non-viral episomal vectors. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2755-2766. [PMID: 37337429 PMCID: PMC10491995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
USH2A mutations are a common cause of autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and Usher syndrome, for which there are currently no approved treatments. Gene augmentation is a valuable therapeutic strategy for treating many inherited retinal diseases; however, conventional adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy cannot accommodate cDNAs exceeding 4.7 kb, such as the 15.6-kb-long USH2A coding sequence. In the present study, we adopted an alternative strategy to successfully generate scaffold/matrix attachment region (S/MAR) DNA plasmid vectors containing the full-length human USH2A coding sequence, a GFP reporter gene, and a ubiquitous promoter (CMV or CAG), reaching a size of approximately 23 kb. We assessed the vectors in transfected HEK293 cells and USH2A patient-derived dermal fibroblasts in addition to ush2au507 zebrafish microinjected with the vector at the one-cell stage. pS/MAR-USH2A vectors drove persistent transgene expression in patient fibroblasts with restoration of usherin. Twelve months of GFP expression was detected in the photoreceptor cells, with rescue of Usher 2 complex localization in the photoreceptors of ush2au507 zebrafish retinas injected with pS/MAR-USH2A. To our knowledge, this is the first reported vector that can be used to express full-length usherin with functional rescue. S/MAR DNA vectors have shown promise as a novel non-viral retinal gene therapy, warranting further translational development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Toms
- Development, Ageing, and Disease, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK; Ocular Genomics and Therapeutics, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Lyes Toualbi
- Development, Ageing, and Disease, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK; Ocular Genomics and Therapeutics, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Patrick V Almeida
- DNA Vector Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Richard Harbottle
- DNA Vector Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mariya Moosajee
- Development, Ageing, and Disease, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK; Ocular Genomics and Therapeutics, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK; Department of Genetics, Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Peters CW, Hanlon KS, Ivanchenko MV, Zinn E, Linarte EF, Li Y, Levy JM, Liu DR, Kleinstiver BP, Indzhykulian AA, Corey DP. Rescue of hearing by adenine base editing in a humanized mouse model of Usher syndrome type 1F. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2439-2453. [PMID: 37312453 PMCID: PMC10421997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome type 1F (USH1F), characterized by congenital lack of hearing and balance and progressive loss of vision, is caused by mutations in the PCDH15 gene. In the Ashkenazi population, a recessive truncation mutation accounts for a large proportion of USH1F cases. The truncation is caused by a single C→T mutation, which converts an arginine codon to a stop (R245X). To test the potential for base editors to revert this mutation, we developed a humanized Pcdh15R245X mouse model for USH1F. Mice homozygous for the R245X mutation were deaf and exhibited profound balance deficits, while heterozygous mice were unaffected. Here we show that an adenine base editor (ABE) is capable of reversing the R245X mutation to restore the PCDH15 sequence and function. We packaged a split-intein ABE into dual adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors and delivered them into cochleas of neonatal USH1F mice. Hearing was not restored in a Pcdh15 constitutive null mouse despite base editing, perhaps because of early disorganization of cochlear hair cells. However, injection of vectors encoding the split ABE into a late-deletion conditional Pcdh15 knockout rescued hearing. This study demonstrates the ability of an ABE to correct the PCDH15 R245X mutation in the cochlea and restore hearing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cole W Peters
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Killian S Hanlon
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - Eric Zinn
- Grousbeck Gene Therapy Center, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | | | - Yaqiao Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan M Levy
- Merkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - David R Liu
- Merkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Benjamin P Kleinstiver
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Artur A Indzhykulian
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - David P Corey
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Vartanian V, Krey JF, Chatterjee P, Curtis A, Six M, Rice SPM, Jones SM, Sampath H, Allen CN, Ryals RC, Lloyd RS, Barr‐Gillespie PG. Spontaneous allelic variant in deafness-blindness gene Ush1g resulting in an expanded phenotype. Genes Brain Behav 2023; 22:e12849. [PMID: 37328946 PMCID: PMC10393423 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Relationships between novel phenotypic behaviors and specific genetic alterations are often discovered using target-specific, directed mutagenesis or phenotypic selection following chemical mutagenesis. An alternative approach is to exploit deficiencies in DNA repair pathways that maintain genetic integrity in response to spontaneously induced damage. Mice deficient in the DNA glycosylase NEIL1 show elevated spontaneous mutations, which arise from translesion DNA synthesis past oxidatively induced base damage. Several litters of Neil1 knockout mice included animals that were distinguished by their backwards-walking behavior in open-field environments, while maintaining frantic forward movements in their home cage environment. Other phenotypic manifestations included swim test failures, head tilting and circling. Mapping of the mutation that conferred these behaviors showed the introduction of a stop codon at amino acid 4 of the Ush1g gene. Ush1gbw/bw null mice displayed auditory and vestibular defects that are commonly seen with mutations affecting inner-ear hair-cell function, including a complete lack of auditory brainstem responses and vestibular-evoked potentials. As in other Usher syndrome type I mutant mouse lines, hair cell phenotypes included disorganized and split hair bundles, as well as altered distribution of proteins for stereocilia that localize to the tips of row 1 or row 2. Disruption to the bundle and kinocilium displacement suggested that USH1G is essential for forming the hair cell's kinocilial links. Consistent with other Usher type 1 models, Ush1gbw/bw mice had no substantial retinal degeneration compared with Ush1gbw /+ controls. In contrast to previously described Ush1g alleles, this new allele provides the first knockout model for this gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Vartanian
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health SciencesOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Jocelyn F. Krey
- Oregon Hearing Research Center and Vollum InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Paroma Chatterjee
- Oregon Hearing Research Center and Vollum InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Allison Curtis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Makayla Six
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Sean P. M. Rice
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences and School of Public HealthOregon Health & Science University‐Portland State UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Sherri M. Jones
- Department of Special Education and Communication DisordersUniversity of Nebraska‐LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA
| | - Harini Sampath
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and HealthRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Charles N. Allen
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences and Department of Behavioral NeuroscienceOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Renee C. Ryals
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - R. Stephen Lloyd
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health SciencesOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
- Department of Molecular and Medical GeneticsOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Peter G. Barr‐Gillespie
- Oregon Hearing Research Center and Vollum InstituteOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Duncan JL, Cheng P, Maguire MG, Ayala AA, Birch DG, Cheetham JK, Durham TA, Fahim AT, Hoyng CB, Ishikawa H, Michaelides M, Pennesi ME, Sahel JA, Stingl K, Weng CY. Static Perimetry in the Rate of Progression in USH2A-related Retinal Degeneration (RUSH2A) Study: Assessment Through 2 Years. Am J Ophthalmol 2023; 250:103-110. [PMID: 36764426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate disease progression using static perimetry (SP) in patients with USH2A-related retinal degeneration, including Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2) and nonsyndromic autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa. DESIGN Prospective, observational cohort study. METHODS A total of 102 patients with biallelic disease-causing sequence variants in USH2A with baseline best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) letter score ≥54 were recruited from 16 clinical sites in Europe and North America. SP, BCVA, full-field stimulus thresholds, spectral domain optical coherence tomography macular scans, and fundus-guided mesopic microperimetry were performed at baseline and annually. The main outcome measures were total hill of vision (VTOT), hill of vision in the central 30° (V30), VTOT minus V30 (VPERIPH), and mean sensitivity. RESULTS The average decline (95% CI) was 2.05 (1.40, 2.70) decibel-steradian (dB-sr)/y for VTOT, 0.48 (0.32, 0.65) dB-sr/y for V30, 1.53 (0.97, 2.08) dB-sr/y for VPERIPH, and 0.55 (0.40, 0.71) dB/y for mean sensitivity. Average percentage decline per year was 8.3 (5.5, 11.1) for VTOT, 5.2 (3.0, 7.4) for V30, 16.0 (9.5, 22.0) for VPERIPH, and 5.1 (3.5, 6.7) for mean sensitivity. Changes from baseline to year 2 in all SP measures were highly correlated (r's ranging from 0.52 [V30 vs VPERIPH] to 0.98 [VTOT vs VPERIPH]). CONCLUSIONS Quantitative measures of SP declined significantly over 2 years in USH2A-related retinal degeneration. The annual percentage rate of change was greatest for VTOT and VPERIPH, whereas V30 and mean sensitivity changed least, reflecting earlier and more severe peripheral degeneration compared with central loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacque L Duncan
- From the University of California, San Francisco (J.L.D.), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peiyao Cheng
- Jaeb Center for Health Research (P.C., M.G.M., A.A.A.), Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Maureen G Maguire
- Jaeb Center for Health Research (P.C., M.G.M., A.A.A.), Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Allison A Ayala
- Jaeb Center for Health Research (P.C., M.G.M., A.A.A.), Tampa, Florida, USA.
| | - David G Birch
- Retina Foundation of the Southwest (D.G.B.), Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Janet K Cheetham
- Foundation Fighting Blindness (J.K.C., T.A.D.), Columbia, Maryland, USA
| | - Todd A Durham
- Foundation Fighting Blindness (J.K.C., T.A.D.), Columbia, Maryland, USA
| | - Abigail T Fahim
- Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan (A.T.F.), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Carel B Hoyng
- Radboud University Medical Center (C.B.H.), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University (H.I., M.E.P.), Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Michel Michaelides
- Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (M.M.), London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark E Pennesi
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University (H.I., M.E.P.), Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - José-Alain Sahel
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS (J.A.-S.), Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC1423 (J.A.-S.), Paris, France; Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Katarina Stingl
- University Eye Hospital, Center for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen (K.S.), Tübingen, Germany; Center for Rare Eye Diseases, University of Tübingen, Tübingen (K.S.), Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Micevych PS, Wong J, Zhou H, Wang RK, Porco TC, Carroll J, Roorda A, Duncan JL. Cone Structure and Function in RPGR- and USH2A-Associated Retinal Degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol 2023; 250:1-11. [PMID: 36646238 PMCID: PMC10308738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare cone structure and function between RPGR- and USH2A-associated retinal degeneration. DESIGN Retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study. METHODS This multicenter study included 13 eyes (9 participants) with RPGR-related X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (RPGR), 15 eyes (10 participants) with USH2A-related Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2), 16 eyes (9 participants) with USH2A-related autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (ARRP), and 7 normal eyes (6 participants). Structural measures included cone spacing and density from adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and photoreceptor inner segment (IS), outer segment (OS), and outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness from optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. OCT angiography images were used to study choriocapillaris flow deficit percent (CCFD). Cone function was assessed by fundus-guided microperimetry. Measures were compared at designated regions using analysis of variance with pairwise comparisons among disease groups, adjusted for disease duration and eccentricity. RESULTS OCT segmentation revealed shorter OS and IS, with reduced ONL thickness in RPGR compared to normal (OS: P < .001, IS: P = .001, ONL: P = .005), USH2 (OS: P = .01, IS: P = .03, ONL: P = .03), or ARRP (OS: P = .001, ONL: P = .03). Increased cone spacing was observed in both RPGR (P = .03) and USH2 compared with normal (P = .048). The mean CCFD in RPGR was greater than in USH2 (P = .02). Microperimetry demonstrated below-normal regional sensitivity in RPGR (P = .004), USH2 (P = .02), and ARRP (P = .009), without significant intergroup differences. CONCLUSIONS Outer retinal structure and choriocapillaris perfusion were more abnormal in RPGR- than USH2A-related retinal degenerations, whereas there were no significant differences in below-normal regional sensitivity between each rod-cone degeneration associated with variants in these 2 genes expressed at the photoreceptor-connecting cilium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul S Micevych
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, University of California (P.S.M., J.W., T.C.P., J.L.D.), San Francisco, California
| | - Jessica Wong
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, University of California (P.S.M., J.W., T.C.P., J.L.D.), San Francisco, California
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington (H.Z., R.K.W.), Seattle, Washington
| | - Ruikang K Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington (H.Z., R.K.W.), Seattle, Washington
| | - Travis C Porco
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, University of California (P.S.M., J.W., T.C.P., J.L.D.), San Francisco, California; Francis I. Proctor Foundation, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California (T.C.P.), San Francisco, California
| | - Joseph Carroll
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin Eye Institute (J.C.), Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Austin Roorda
- Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of California Berkeley (A.R.), Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jacque L Duncan
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, University of California (P.S.M., J.W., T.C.P., J.L.D.), San Francisco, California.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nakamichi K, Van Gelder RN, Chao JR, Mustafi D. Targeted adaptive long-read sequencing for discovery of complex phased variants in inherited retinal disease patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8535. [PMID: 37237007 PMCID: PMC10219926 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35791-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited retinal degenerations (IRDs) are a heterogeneous group of predominantly monogenic disorders with over 300 causative genes identified. Short-read exome sequencing is commonly used to genotypically diagnose patients with clinical features of IRDs, however, in up to 30% of patients with autosomal recessive IRDs, one or no disease-causing variants are identified. Furthermore, chromosomal maps cannot be reconstructed for allelic variant discovery with short-reads. Long-read genome sequencing can provide complete coverage of disease loci and a targeted approach can focus sequencing bandwidth to a genomic region of interest to provide increased depth and haplotype reconstruction to uncover cases of missing heritability. We demonstrate that targeted adaptive long-read sequencing on the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) platform of the USH2A gene from three probands in a family with the most common cause of the syndromic IRD, Usher Syndrome, resulted in greater than 12-fold target gene sequencing enrichment on average. This focused depth of sequencing allowed for haplotype reconstruction and phased variant identification. We further show that variants obtained from the haplotype-aware genotyping pipeline can be heuristically ranked to focus on potential pathogenic candidates without a priori knowledge of the disease-causing variants. Moreover, consideration of the variants unique to targeted long-read sequencing that are not covered by short-read technology demonstrated higher precision and F1 scores for variant discovery by long-read sequencing. This work establishes that targeted adaptive long-read sequencing can generate targeted, chromosome-phased data sets for identification of coding and non-coding disease-causing alleles in IRDs and can be applicable to other Mendelian diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Nakamichi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Roger and Karalis Johnson Retina Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Russell N Van Gelder
- Department of Ophthalmology, Roger and Karalis Johnson Retina Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Jennifer R Chao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Roger and Karalis Johnson Retina Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Debarshi Mustafi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Roger and Karalis Johnson Retina Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
- Division of Ophthalmology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chen C, Rong Y, Zhuang Y, Tang C, Liu Q, Lin P, Li D, Zhao X, Lu F, Qu J, Liu X. RNA-Seq Analysis Reveals an Essential Role of the cGMP-PKG-MAPK Pathways in Retinal Degeneration Caused by Cep250 Deficiency. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8843. [PMID: 37240188 PMCID: PMC10218315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is characterised by degenerative vision loss known as retinitis pigmentosa (RP), sensorineural hearing loss, and vestibular dysfunction. RP can cause degeneration and the loss of rod and cone photoreceptors, leading to structural and functional changes in the retina. Cep250 is a candidate gene for atypical Usher syndrome, and this study describes the development of a Cep250 KO mouse model to investigate its pathogenesis. OCT and ERG were applied in Cep250 and WT mice at P90 and P180 to access the general structure and function of the retina. After recording the ERG responses and OCT images at P90 and P180, the cone and rod photoreceptors were visualised using an immunofluorescent stain. TUNEL assays were applied to observe the apoptosis in Cep250 and WT mice retinas. The total RNA was extracted from the retinas and executed for RNA sequencing at P90. Compared with WT mice, the thickness of the ONL, IS/OS, and whole retina of Cep250 mice was significantly reduced. The a-wave and b-wave amplitude of Cep250 mice in scotopic and photopic ERG were lower, especially the a-wave. According to the immunostaining and TUNEL stain results, the photoreceptors in the Cep250 retinas were also reduced. An RNA-seq analysis showed that 149 genes were upregulated and another 149 genes were downregulated in Cep250 KO retinas compared with WT mice retinas. A KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that cGMP-PKG signalling pathways, MAPK signalling pathways, edn2-fgf2 axis pathways, and thyroid hormone synthesis were upregulated, whereas protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum was downregulated in Cep250 KO eyes. Cep250 KO mice experience a late-stage retinal degeneration that manifests as the atypical USH phenotype. The dysregulation of the cGMP-PKG-MAPK pathways may contribute to the pathogenesis of cilia-related retinal degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yu Rong
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Youyuan Zhuang
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Qian Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Peng Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Dandan Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Fan Lu
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jia Qu
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Xinting Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; (C.C.); (Y.R.); (Y.Z.); (C.T.); (Q.L.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (F.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tebbe L, Mwoyosvi ML, Crane R, Makia MS, Kakakhel M, Cosgrove D, Al-Ubaidi MR, Naash MI. The usherin mutation c.2299delG leads to its mislocalization and disrupts interactions with whirlin and VLGR1. Nat Commun 2023; 14:972. [PMID: 36810733 PMCID: PMC9944904 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36431-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is the leading cause of combined deafness-blindness with type 2 A (USH2A) being the most common form. Knockout models of USH proteins, like the Ush2a-/- model that develops a late-onset retinal phenotype, failed to mimic the retinal phenotype observed in patients. Since patient's mutations result in the expression of a mutant protein and to determine the mechanism of USH2A, we generated and evaluated an usherin (USH2A) knock-in mouse expressing the common human disease-mutation, c.2299delG. This mouse exhibits retinal degeneration and expresses a truncated, glycosylated protein which is mislocalized to the photoreceptor inner segment. The degeneration is associated with a decline in retinal function, structural abnormalities in connecting cilium and outer segment and mislocaliztion of the usherin interactors very long G-protein receptor 1 and whirlin. The onset of symptoms is significantly earlier compared to Ush2a-/-, proving expression of mutated protein is required to recapitulate the patients' retinal phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Tebbe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Maggie L Mwoyosvi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Ryan Crane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Mustafa S Makia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Mashal Kakakhel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | | | - Muayyad R Al-Ubaidi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Muna I Naash
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nguyen VP, Song J, Prieskorn D, Zou J, Li Y, Dolan D, Xu J, Zhang J, Jayasundera KT, Yang J, Raphael Y, Khan N, Iannuzzi M, Bisgaier C, Chen YE, Paulus YM, Yang D. USH2A Gene Mutations in Rabbits Lead to Progressive Retinal Degeneration and Hearing Loss. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2023; 12:26. [PMID: 36795064 PMCID: PMC9940772 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.12.2.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Mutations in USH2A gene are responsible for the greatest proportion of the Usher Syndrome (USH) population, among which more than 30% are frameshift mutations on exon 13. A clinically relevant animal model has been absent for USH2A-related vision loss. Here we sought to establish a rabbit model carrying USH2A frameshift mutation on exon 12 (human exon 13 equivalent). Methods CRISPR/Cas9 reagents targeting the rabbit USH2A exon 12 were delivered into rabbit embryos to produce an USH2A mutant rabbit line. The USH2A knockout animals were subjected to a series of functional and morphological analyses, including acoustic auditory brainstem responses, electroretinography, optical coherence tomography, fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence, histology, and immunohistochemistry. Results The USH2A mutant rabbits exhibit hyper-autofluorescent signals on fundus autofluorescence and hyper-reflective signals on optical coherence tomography images as early as 4 months of age, which indicate retinal pigment epithelium damage. Auditory brainstem response measurement in these rabbits showed moderate to severe hearing loss. Electroretinography signals of both rod and cone function were decreased in the USH2A mutant rabbits starting from 7 months of age and further decreased at 15 to 22 months of age, indicating progressive photoreceptor degeneration, which is confirmed by histopathological examination. Conclusions Disruption of USH2A gene in rabbits is sufficient to induce hearing loss and progressive photoreceptor degeneration, mimicking the USH2A clinical disease. Translational Relevance To our knowledge, this study presents the first mammalian model of USH2 showing the phenotype of retinitis pigmentosa. This study supports the use of rabbits as a clinically relevant large animal model to understand the pathogenesis and to develop novel therapeutics for Usher syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Phuc Nguyen
- W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jun Song
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Diane Prieskorn
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Junhuang Zou
- John A. Moran Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah Medical School, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Yanxiu Li
- W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David Dolan
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jie Xu
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jifeng Zhang
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K. Thiran Jayasundera
- W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- John A. Moran Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah Medical School, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Yehoash Raphael
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Naheed Khan
- W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Y. Eugene Chen
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yannis M. Paulus
- W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dongshan Yang
- Center for Advanced Models for Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Calabro KR, Boye SL, Boye SE. Optimization of Capillary-Based Western Blotting for MYO7A. Adv Exp Med Biol 2023; 1415:125-130. [PMID: 37440024 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-27681-1_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Myosin VIIA (MYO7A)-associated Usher syndrome type 1B (USH1B) is a severe disorder that impacts the auditory, vestibular, and visual systems of affected patients. Due to the large size (~7.5 kb) of the MYO7A coding sequence, we have designed a dual adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector-based approach for the treatment of USH1B-related vision loss. Due to the added complexity of dual-AAV gene therapy, careful attention must be paid to the protein products expressed following vector recombination. In order to improve the sensitivity and quantifiability of our immunoassays, we adapted our traditional western blot protocol for use with the Jess™ Simple Western System. Following several rounds of testing, we optimized our protocol for the detection of MYO7A in two of our most frequently used sample types, mouse eyes, and infected HEK293 cell lysates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn R Calabro
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sanford L Boye
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Shannon E Boye
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lad EM, Duncan JL, Liang W, Maguire MG, Ayala AR, Audo I, Birch DG, Carroll J, Cheetham JK, Durham TA, Fahim AT, Loo J, Deng Z, Mukherjee D, Heon E, Hufnagel RB, Guan B, Iannaccone A, Jaffe GJ, Kay CN, Michaelides M, Pennesi ME, Vincent A, Weng CY, Farsiu S. Baseline Microperimetry and OCT in the RUSH2A Study: Structure-Function Association and Correlation With Disease Severity. Am J Ophthalmol 2022; 244:98-116. [PMID: 36007554 PMCID: PMC9712171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2022.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate baseline mesopic microperimetry (MP) and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the Rate of Progression in USH2A-related Retinal Degeneration (RUSH2A) study. DESIGN Natural history study METHODS: Setting: 16 clinical sites in Europe and North AmericaStudy Population: Participants with Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2) (N = 80) or autosomal recessive nonsyndromic RP (ARRP) (N = 47) associated with biallelic disease-causing sequence variants in USH2AObservation Procedures: General linear models were used to assess characteristics including disease duration, MP mean sensitivity and OCT intact ellipsoid zone (EZ) area. The associations between mean sensitivity and EZ area with other measures, including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield thickness (CST) within the central 1 mm, were assessed using Spearman correlation coefficients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Mean sensitivity on MP; EZ area and CST on OCT. RESULTS All participants (N = 127) had OCT, while MP was obtained at selected sites (N = 93). Participants with Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2, N = 80) and nonsyndromic autosomal recessive Retinitis Pigmentosa (ARRP, N = 47) had the following similar measurements: EZ area (median (interquartile range [IQR]): 1.4 (0.4, 3.1) mm2 vs 2.3 (0.7, 5.7) mm2) and CST (median (IQR): 247 (223, 280) µm vs 261 (246, 288), and mean sensitivity (median (IQR): 3.5 (2.1, 8.4) dB vs 5.1 (2.9, 9.0) dB). Longer disease duration was associated with smaller EZ area (P < 0.001) and lower mean sensitivity (P = 0.01). Better BCVA, larger EZ area, and larger CST were correlated with greater mean sensitivity (r > 0.3 and P < 0.01). Better BCVA and larger CST were associated with larger EZ area (r > 0.6 and P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Longer disease duration correlated with more severe retinal structure and function abnormalities, and there were associations between MP and OCT metrics. Monitoring changes in retinal structure-function relationships during disease progression will provide important insights into disease mechanism in USH2A-related retinal degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora M Lad
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jacque L Duncan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Wendi Liang
- Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Isabelle Audo
- Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC1423, Paris, France
| | - David G Birch
- Retina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Todd A Durham
- Foundation Fighting Blindness, Columbia, Maryland, USA
| | - Abigail T Fahim
- Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jessica Loo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zengtian Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dibyendu Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elise Heon
- University of Toronto and Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Bin Guan
- National Eye Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alessandro Iannaccone
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Glenn J Jaffe
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Michel Michaelides
- Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology (M.M.), London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark E Pennesi
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Ajoy Vincent
- University of Toronto and Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sina Farsiu
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Reurink J, Oostrik J, Aben M, Ramos MG, van Berkel E, Ołdak M, van Wijk E, Kremer H, Roosing S, Cremers FPM. Minigene-Based Splice Assays Reveal the Effect of Non-Canonical Splice Site Variants in USH2A. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113343. [PMID: 36362125 PMCID: PMC9654511 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-canonical splice site variants are increasingly recognized as a relevant cause of the USH2A-associated diseases, non-syndromic autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa and Usher syndrome type 2. Many non-canonical splice site variants have been reported in public databases, but an effect on pre-mRNA splicing has only been functionally verified for a subset of these variants. In this study, we aimed to extend the knowledge regarding splicing events by assessing a selected set of USH2A non-canonical splice site variants and to study their potential pathogenicity. Eleven non-canonical splice site variants were selected based on four splice prediction tools. Ten different USH2A constructs were generated and minigene splice assays were performed in HEK293T cells. An effect on pre-mRNA splicing was observed for all 11 variants. Various events, such as exon skipping, dual exon skipping and partial exon skipping were observed and eight of the tested variants had a full effect on splicing as no conventionally spliced mRNA was detected. We demonstrated that non-canonical splice site variants in USH2A are an important contributor to the genetic etiology of the associated disorders. This type of variant generally should not be neglected in genetic screening, both in USH2A-associated disease as well as other hereditary disorders. In addition, cases with these specific variants may now receive a conclusive genetic diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janine Reurink
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (J.R.); (S.R.); Tel.: +31(0)24-3614017 (J.R. & S.R.)
| | - Jaap Oostrik
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Aben
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mariana Guimarães Ramos
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Emma van Berkel
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Monika Ołdak
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Erwin van Wijk
- Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hannie Kremer
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne Roosing
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (J.R.); (S.R.); Tel.: +31(0)24-3614017 (J.R. & S.R.)
| | - Frans P. M. Cremers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhong JW, Ye HW, Xu K, Xie Y, Zhang XH, Li Y. [A case of mild Zellweger spectrum disorder first diagnosed as Usher syndrome]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2022; 58:788-792. [PMID: 36220650 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20211206-00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A 5-year-old female patient, presented with"night blindness and poor hearing for 1 year"whose first diagnosis was Usher syndrome due to retinitis pigmentosa accompanied by sensorineural deafness. Compound heterozygous variants (c.5G>A, p.W2*/c.3022C>T, p.P1008S) of PEX1, the causative gene for Zellweger spectrum disorder was confirmed by targeted exome sequencing analysis. Permanent tooth enamel dysplasia, nail leukoplakia, and biochemical abnormalities of peroxisome which is consistent with mild Zellweger spectrum disorder were found when she followed up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J W Zhong
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - H W Ye
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - K Xu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y Xie
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X H Zhang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y Li
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Major L, McClements ME, MacLaren RE. New CRISPR Tools to Correct Pathogenic Mutations in Usher Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911669. [PMID: 36232969 PMCID: PMC9569511 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited retinal degenerations are a leading cause of blindness in the UK. Significant advances have been made to tackle this issue in recent years, with a pioneering FDA approved gene therapy treatment (Luxturna®), which targets a loss of function mutation in the RPE65 gene. However, there remain notable shortcomings to this form of gene replacement therapy. In particular, the lack of viability for gene sequences exceeding the 4.7 kb adeno-associated virus (AAV) packaging limit or for toxic gain of function mutations. The USH2A gene at ~15.7 kb for instance is too large for AAV delivery: a safe and effective vehicle capable of transducing photoreceptor cells for gene replacement therapy. Usher Syndrome is a clinically and genetically heterogenous deaf-blindness syndrome with autosomal recessive inheritance. The USH2A gene encodes the protein usherin, which localises to the photoreceptor cilium and cochlear hair cells. Mutations in the USH2A gene cause Usher Syndrome type II (USH2), which is the most common subtype of Usher Syndrome and the focus of this review. To date, researchers have been unable to create an efficient, safe editing tool that is small enough to fit inside a single AAV vector for delivery into human cells. This article reviews the potential of CRISPR technology, derived from bacterial defence mechanisms, to overcome these challenges; delivering tools to precisely edit and correct small insertions, deletions and base transitions in USH2A without the need to deliver the full-length gene. Such an ultra-compact therapy could make strides in combating a significant cause of blindness in young people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Major
- Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences & NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Michelle E. McClements
- Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences & NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Robert E. MacLaren
- Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences & NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Feenstra HM, Al-Khuzaei S, Shah M, Broadgate S, Shanks M, Kamath A, Yu J, Jolly JK, MacLaren RE, Clouston P, Halford S, Downes SM. Phenotypic and Genetic Characteristics in a Cohort of Patients with Usher Genes. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081423. [PMID: 36011334 PMCID: PMC9407802 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to compare phenotype−genotype correlation in patients with Usher syndrome (USH) to those with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (NS-ARRP) caused by genes associated with Usher syndrome. Methods: Case notes of patients with USH or NS-ARRP and a molecularly confirmed diagnosis in genes associated with Usher syndrome were reviewed. Phenotypic information, including the age of ocular symptoms, hearing impairment, visual acuity, Goldmann visual fields, fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging, was reviewed. The patients were divided into three genotype groups based on variant severity for genotype-phenotype correlations. Results: 39 patients with Usher syndrome and 33 patients with NS-ARRP and a molecular diagnosis in an Usher syndrome-related gene were identified. In the 39 patients diagnosed with Usher syndrome, a molecular diagnosis was confirmed as follows: USH2A (28), MYO7A (4), CDH23 (2), USH1C (2), GPR98/VLGR1 (2) and PCDH15 (1). All 33 patients with NS-ARRP had variants in USH2A. Further analysis was performed on the patients with USH2A variants. USH2A patients with syndromic features had an earlier mean age of symptom onset (17.9 vs. 31.7 years, p < 0.001), had more advanced changes on FAF imaging (p = 0.040) and were more likely to have cystoid macular oedema (p = 0.021) when compared to USH2A patients presenting with non-syndromic NS-ARRP. Self-reported late-onset hearing loss was identified in 33.3% of patients with NS-ARRP. Having a syndromic phenotype was associated with more severe USH2A variants (p < 0.001). Eighteen novel variants in genes associated with Usher syndrome were identified in this cohort. Conclusions: Patients with Usher syndrome, whatever the associated gene in this cohort, tended to have an earlier onset of retinal disease (other than GPR98/VLGR1) when compared to patients presenting with NS-ARRP. Analysis of genetic variants in USH2A, the commonest gene in our cohort, showed that patients with a more severe genotype were more likely to be diagnosed with USH compared to NS-ARRP. USH2A patients with syndromic features have an earlier onset of symptoms and more severe features on FAF and OCT imaging. However, a third of patients diagnosed with NS-ARRP developed later onset hearing loss. Eighteen novel variants in genes associated with Usher syndrome were identified in this cohort, thus expanding the genetic spectrum of known pathogenic variants. An accurate molecular diagnosis is important for diagnosis and prognosis and has become particularly relevant with the advent of potential therapies for Usher-related gene
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena M. Feenstra
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Saoud Al-Khuzaei
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Mital Shah
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Suzanne Broadgate
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Morag Shanks
- Oxford Medical Genetics Laboratories, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Archith Kamath
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Jing Yu
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Jasleen K. Jolly
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK
| | - Robert E. MacLaren
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Penny Clouston
- Oxford Medical Genetics Laboratories, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Stephanie Halford
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Susan M. Downes
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zaw K, Carvalho LS, Aung-Htut MT, Fletcher S, Wilton SD, Chen FK, McLenachan S. Pathogenesis and Treatment of Usher Syndrome Type IIA. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2022; 11:369-379. [PMID: 36041150 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is the most common form of deaf-blindness, with an estimated prevalence of 4.4 to 16.6 per 100,000 people worldwide. The most common form of USH is type IIA (USH2A), which is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the USH2A gene and accounts for around half of all USH cases. USH2A patients show moderate to severe hearing loss from birth, with diagnosis of retinitis pigmentosa in the second decade of life and variable vestibular involvement. Although hearing aids or cochlear implants can provide some mitigation of hearing deficits, there are currently no treatments aimed at preventing or restoring vision loss in USH2A patients. In this review, we first provide an overview of the molecular biology of the USH2A gene and its protein isoforms, which include a transmembrane protein (TM usherin) and an extracellular protein (EC usherin). The role of these proteins in the inner ear and retina and their impact on the pathogenesis of USH2A is discussed. We review animal cell-derived and patient cell-derived models currently used in USH2A research and conclude with an overview of potential treatment strategies currently in preclinical development and clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khine Zaw
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Livia S Carvalho
- Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - May T Aung-Htut
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sue Fletcher
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Steve D Wilton
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Fred K Chen
- Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Samuel McLenachan
- Lions Eye Institute, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ryu J, Statz JP, Chan W, Burch FC, Brigande JV, Kempton B, Porsov EV, Renner L, McGill T, Burwitz BJ, Hanna CB, Neuringer M, Hennebold JD. CRISPR/Cas9 editing of the MYO7A gene in rhesus macaque embryos to generate a primate model of Usher syndrome type 1B. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10036. [PMID: 35710827 PMCID: PMC9203743 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13689-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the MYO7A gene lead to Usher syndrome type 1B (USH1B), a disease characterized by congenital deafness, vision loss, and balance impairment. To create a nonhuman primate (NHP) USH1B model, CRISPR/Cas9 was used to disrupt MYO7A in rhesus macaque zygotes. The targeting efficiency of Cas9 mRNA and hybridized crRNA-tracrRNA (hyb-gRNA) was compared to Cas9 nuclease (Nuc) protein and synthetic single guide (sg)RNAs. Nuc/sgRNA injection led to higher editing efficiencies relative to mRNA/hyb-gRNAs. Mutations were assessed by preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) and those with the desired mutations were transferred into surrogates. A pregnancy was established from an embryo where 92.1% of the PGT sequencing reads possessed a single G insertion that leads to a premature stop codon. Analysis of single peripheral blood leukocytes from the infant revealed that half the cells possessed the homozygous single base insertion and the remaining cells had the wild-type MYO7A sequence. The infant showed sensitive auditory thresholds beginning at 3 months. Although further optimization is needed, our studies demonstrate that it is feasible to use CRISPR technologies for creating NHP models of human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junghyun Ryu
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - John P Statz
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - William Chan
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Fernanda C Burch
- Assisted Reproductive Technologies Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - John V Brigande
- Department of Otolaryngology, Oregon Hearing Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Beth Kempton
- Department of Otolaryngology, Oregon Hearing Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Edward V Porsov
- Department of Otolaryngology, Oregon Hearing Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Lauren Renner
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Trevor McGill
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Benjamin J Burwitz
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Carol B Hanna
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
- Assisted Reproductive Technologies Core, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Martha Neuringer
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Jon D Hennebold
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gill JS, Theofylaktopoulos V, Mitsios A, Houston S, Hagag AM, Dubis AM, Moosajee M. Investigating Biomarkers for USH2A Retinopathy Using Multimodal Retinal Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084198. [PMID: 35457016 PMCID: PMC9024786 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic mutations in USH2A are a leading cause of visual loss secondary to non-syndromic or Usher syndrome-associated retinitis pigmentosa (RP). With an increasing number of RP-targeted clinical trials in progress, we sought to evaluate the photoreceptor topography underlying patterns of loss observed on clinical retinal imaging to guide surrogate endpoint selection in USH2A retinopathy. In this prospective cross-sectional study, twenty-five patients with molecularly confirmed USH2A-RP underwent fundus autofluorescence (FAF), spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) retinal imaging. Analysis comprised measurement of FAF horizontal inner (IR) and outer (OR) hyperautofluorescent ring diameter; SD-OCT ellipsoid zone (EZ) and external limiting membrane (ELM) width, normalised EZ reflectance; AOSLO foveal cone density and intact macular photoreceptor mosaic (IMPM) diameter. Thirty-two eyes from 16 patients (mean age ± SD, 36.0 ± 14.2 years) with USH2A-associated Usher syndrome type 2 (n = 14) or non-syndromic RP (n = 2) met the inclusion criteria. Spatial alignment was observed between IR-EZ and OR-ELM diameters/widths (p < 0.001). The IMPM border occurred just lateral to EZ loss (p < 0.001), although sparser intact photoreceptor inner segments were detected until ELM disruption. EZ width and IR diameter displayed a biphasic relationship with cone density whereby slow cone loss occurred until retinal degeneration reached ~1350 μm from the fovea, beyond which greater reduction in cone density followed. Normalised EZ reflectance and cone density were significantly associated (p < 0.001). As the strongest correlate of cone density (p < 0.001) and best-corrected visual acuity (p < 0.001), EZ width is the most sensitive biomarker of structural and functional decline in USH2A retinopathy, rendering it a promising trial endpoint.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jasdeep S. Gill
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK; (J.S.G.); (V.T.); (A.M.); (S.H.); (A.M.H.); (A.M.D.)
| | - Vasileios Theofylaktopoulos
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK; (J.S.G.); (V.T.); (A.M.); (S.H.); (A.M.H.); (A.M.D.)
| | - Andreas Mitsios
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK; (J.S.G.); (V.T.); (A.M.); (S.H.); (A.M.H.); (A.M.D.)
- NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Sarah Houston
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK; (J.S.G.); (V.T.); (A.M.); (S.H.); (A.M.H.); (A.M.D.)
| | - Ahmed M. Hagag
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK; (J.S.G.); (V.T.); (A.M.); (S.H.); (A.M.H.); (A.M.D.)
- NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Adam M. Dubis
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK; (J.S.G.); (V.T.); (A.M.); (S.H.); (A.M.H.); (A.M.D.)
- NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK
- Global Business School for Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Mariya Moosajee
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK; (J.S.G.); (V.T.); (A.M.); (S.H.); (A.M.H.); (A.M.D.)
- NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London EC1V 2PD, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-207-608-6971
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Usami SI, Isaka Y, Miyagawa M, Nishio SY. Variants in CDH23 cause a broad spectrum of hearing loss: from non-syndromic to syndromic hearing loss as well as from congenital to age-related hearing loss. Hum Genet 2022; 141:903-914. [PMID: 35020051 PMCID: PMC9034991 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-022-02431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Variants in the CDH23 gene are known to be responsible for both syndromic hearing loss (Usher syndrome type ID: USH1D) and non-syndromic hearing loss (DFNB12). Our series of studies demonstrated that CDH23 variants cause a broad range of phenotypes of non-syndromic hearing loss (DFNB12); from congenital profound hearing loss to late-onset high-frequency-involved progressive hearing loss. In this study, based on the genetic and clinical data from more than 10,000 patients, the mutational spectrum, clinical characteristics and genotype/phenotype correlations were evaluated. The present results reconfirmed that the variants in CDH23 are an important cause of non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. In addition, we showed that the mutational spectrum in the Japanese population, which is probably representative of the East Asian population in general, as well as frequent CDH23 variants that might be due to some founder effects. The present study demonstrated CDH23 variants cause a broad range of phenotypes, from non-syndromic to syndromic hearing loss as well as from congenital to age-related hearing loss. Genotype (variant combinations) and phenotype (association with retinal pigmentosa, onset age) are shown to be well correlated and are thought to be related to the residual function defined by the CDH23 variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichi Usami
- Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Yuichi Isaka
- Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Maiko Miyagawa
- Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Nishio
- Department of Hearing Implant Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Young SL, Stanton CM, Livesey BJ, Marsh JA, Cackett PD. Novel biallelic USH2A variants in a patient with usher syndrome type IIA- a case report. BMC Ophthalmol 2022; 22:140. [PMID: 35346118 PMCID: PMC8962547 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02353-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Usher Syndrome is the commonest cause of inherited blindness and deafness. The condition is clinically and genetically heterogeneous, with no current treatment. We report a case carrying novel biallelic variants in USH2A causing progressive early adolescent onset visual and hearing impairment consistent with Usher Syndrome Type IIA. CASE PRESENTATION Our patient presented at age 13 with progressive visual field loss and hearing loss, associated with early onset of cataract in her 40s requiring lens extraction. Now 52 years old, latest best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) stands at Logmar Right Eye (RE) 0.8 and Left Eye (LE) 0.2, with significantly constricted visual fields bilaterally. She was registered partially sighted age 46. Clinical and molecular genetic assessment of the proband was consistent with a diagnosis of Usher Syndrome Type IIA. Genetic testing identified two novel USH2A variants, resulting in the premature termination codon p.Leu30Ter and a missense mutation p.Cys3251Tyr. Segregation analysis confirmed that these variants were biallelic in the affected case. Comprehensive in silico analysis confirmed that these mutations are the probable cause of Usher Syndrome Type IIA in this individual. CONCLUSIONS The identification of novel mutations in USH2A increases the spectrum of genetic variations that lead to Usher Syndrome, aiding genetic diagnosis, assessment of patient prognosis, and emphasising the importance of genetic testing to identify new mutations in patients with undiagnosed progressive visual loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Ling Young
- Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Chloe M Stanton
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Benjamin J Livesey
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joseph A Marsh
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter D Cackett
- Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yang K, Zhang Y, Lou G, Qi N, Zhang B, Kang B, Lei X, Liao S. [Genetic analysis and prenatal diagnosis of a Chinese pedigree affected with Usher syndrome due to novel compound heterozygous variants of PCDH15 gene]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 2022; 39:305-308. [PMID: 35315041 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn511374-20210309-00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical features and genetic variant in a patient with Usher syndrome. METHODS Whole exome sequencing was carried out for the patient. Suspected variants were validated by Sanger sequencing of her parents and fetus. RESULTS The proband was found to harbor compound heterozygous variants c.17_18insA (p.Tyr6Ter*) and c.4095_4096insA (p.Arg1366Lys fs*38) of the PCDH15 gene (NM_033056), which were respectively inherited from her father and mother. The same variants were not detected in 100 healthy controls. Based on the guidelines of the American Society of Medical Genetics and Genomics, both variants were predicted to be pathogenic (PVS1+PM2+PP4). By prenatal diagnosis, her fetus was found to carry the c.4095_4096insA variant. After birth, the child has passed neonatal hearing screening test, and no abnormal auditory and visual function was found after the first year. CONCLUSION The compound heterozygous variants c.17_18insA (p.Tyr6Ter*) and c.4095_4096insA (p.Arg1366Lys fs*38) of the PCDH15 gene probably underlay the Usher syndrome is this proband.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yang
- Medical Genetic Institute of Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Velde HM, Reurink J, Held S, Li CHZ, Yzer S, Oostrik J, Weeda J, Haer-Wigman L, Yntema HG, Roosing S, Pauleikhoff L, Lange C, Whelan L, Dockery A, Zhu J, Keegan DJ, Farrar GJ, Kremer H, Lanting CP, Damme M, Pennings RJE. Usher syndrome type IV: clinically and molecularly confirmed by novel ARSG variants. Hum Genet 2022; 141:1723-1738. [PMID: 35226187 PMCID: PMC9556359 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-022-02441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AbstractUsher syndrome (USH) is an autosomal recessively inherited disease characterized by sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) with or without vestibular dysfunction. It is highly heterogeneous both clinically and genetically. Recently, variants in the arylsulfatase G (ARSG) gene have been reported to underlie USH type IV. This distinct type of USH is characterized by late-onset RP with predominantly pericentral and macular changes, and late onset SNHL without vestibular dysfunction. In this study, we describe the USH type IV phenotype in three unrelated subjects. We identified three novel pathogenic variants, two novel likely pathogenic variants, and one previously described pathogenic variant in ARSG. Functional experiments indicated a loss of sulfatase activity of the mutant proteins. Our findings confirm that ARSG variants cause the newly defined USH type IV and support the proposed extension of the phenotypic USH classification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hedwig M. Velde
- Hearing and Genes, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Janine Reurink
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Held
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Catherina H. Z. Li
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Yzer
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Oostrik
- Hearing and Genes, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jack Weeda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke Haer-Wigman
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Helger G. Yntema
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne Roosing
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Laurenz Pauleikhoff
- Eye Center, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Clemens Lange
- Eye Center, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laura Whelan
- The School of Genetics and Microbiology, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Adrian Dockery
- The School of Genetics and Microbiology, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Next Generation Sequencing Laboratory, Pathology Department, The Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Julia Zhu
- Mater Clinical Ophthalmic Genetics Unit, The Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David J. Keegan
- Mater Clinical Ophthalmic Genetics Unit, The Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G. Jane Farrar
- The School of Genetics and Microbiology, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hannie Kremer
- Hearing and Genes, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis P. Lanting
- Hearing and Genes, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Damme
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ronald J. E. Pennings
- Hearing and Genes, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Al-Choboq J, Ferlazzo ML, Sonzogni L, Granzotto A, El-Nachef L, Maalouf M, Berthel E, Foray N. Usher Syndrome Belongs to the Genetic Diseases Associated with Radiosensitivity: Influence of the ATM Protein Kinase. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031570. [PMID: 35163494 PMCID: PMC8836140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome (USH) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by the combination of hearing loss, visual impairment due to retinitis pigmentosa, and in some cases vestibular dysfunctions. Studies published in the 1980s reported that USH is associated with cellular radiosensitivity. However, the molecular basis of this particular phenotype has not yet been documented. The aim of this study was therefore to document the radiosensitivity of USH1—a subset of USH—by examining the radiation-induced nucleo-shuttling of ATM (RIANS), as well as the functionality of the repair and signaling pathways of the DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in three skin fibroblasts derived from USH1 patients. The clonogenic cell survival, the micronuclei, the nuclear foci formed by the phosphorylated forms of the X variant of the H2A histone (ɣH2AX), the phosphorylated forms of the ATM protein (pATM), and the meiotic recombination 11 nuclease (MRE11) were used as cellular and molecular endpoints. The interaction between the ATM and USH1 proteins was also examined by proximity ligation assay. The results showed that USH1 fibroblasts were associated with moderate but significant radiosensitivity, high yield of micronuclei, and impaired DSB recognition but normal DSB repair, likely caused by a delayed RIANS, suggesting a possible sequestration of ATM by some USH1 proteins overexpressed in the cytoplasm. To our knowledge, this report is the first radiobiological characterization of cells from USH1 patients at both molecular and cellular scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Al-Choboq
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 28 rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France; (J.A.-C.); (M.L.F.); (L.S.); (A.G.); (L.E.-N.); (E.B.)
| | - Mélanie L. Ferlazzo
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 28 rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France; (J.A.-C.); (M.L.F.); (L.S.); (A.G.); (L.E.-N.); (E.B.)
| | - Laurène Sonzogni
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 28 rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France; (J.A.-C.); (M.L.F.); (L.S.); (A.G.); (L.E.-N.); (E.B.)
| | - Adeline Granzotto
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 28 rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France; (J.A.-C.); (M.L.F.); (L.S.); (A.G.); (L.E.-N.); (E.B.)
| | - Laura El-Nachef
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 28 rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France; (J.A.-C.); (M.L.F.); (L.S.); (A.G.); (L.E.-N.); (E.B.)
| | - Mira Maalouf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar 1202, Lebanon;
| | - Elise Berthel
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 28 rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France; (J.A.-C.); (M.L.F.); (L.S.); (A.G.); (L.E.-N.); (E.B.)
| | - Nicolas Foray
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment, Centre Léon-Bérard, 28 rue Laennec, 69008 Lyon, France; (J.A.-C.); (M.L.F.); (L.S.); (A.G.); (L.E.-N.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-4-78-78-28-28
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Markova TG, Alekseeva NN, Belov OA, Chugunova TI, Tsygankova ER. [Hearing loss due to mutations in the genes responsible for Usher syndrome]. Vestn Otorinolaringol 2022; 87:52-59. [PMID: 35274893 DOI: 10.17116/otorino20228701152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Usher syndrome is characterized by congenital bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and progressive retinitis pigmentosa, and has an autosomal recessive type of inheritance. The purpose of this work is to summarize the modern data of a clinical picture of Usher syndrome and analyse hearing impairment properties. The frequency of the syndrome among children suffering from hearing loss and deafness is from 3 to 10%. The prevalence of the syndrome in the world is estimated as 4.4 per 100.000 population. The complexity of the diagnosis of the syndrome lies in the significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Hearing and vision problems begin at different ages. Primary diagnosis begins with the clinical diagnosis of bilateral hearing loss and visual impairment manifests later. In this case the initial diagnosis of nonsyndromal hearing loss will not be definitive. Molecular genetic studies contribute to the early clinical diagnosis of the syndrome. Understanding the cause of the disease allows to conduct correct medical and genetic counseling and get closer to solving treatment problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T G Markova
- National Research Centre for Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education Audiology Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - N N Alekseeva
- National Research Centre for Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education Audiology Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - O A Belov
- National Research Centre for Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation, Moscow, Russia
| | - T I Chugunova
- National Research Centre for Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation, Moscow, Russia
| | - E R Tsygankova
- National Research Centre for Audiology and Hearing Rehabilitation, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education Audiology Department, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Mansard L, Baux D, Vaché C, Blanchet C, Meunier I, Willems M, Faugère V, Baudoin C, Moclyn M, Bianchi J, Dollfus H, Gilbert-Dussardier B, Dupin-Deguine D, Bonneau D, Drumare I, Odent S, Zanlonghi X, Claustres M, Koenig M, Kalatzis V, Roux AF. The Study of a 231 French Patient Cohort Significantly Extends the Mutational Spectrum of the Two Major Usher Genes MYO7A and USH2A. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413294. [PMID: 34948090 PMCID: PMC8703989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital hearing loss combined with retinitis pigmentosa, and in some cases, vestibular areflexia. Three clinical subtypes are distinguished, and MYO7A and USH2A represent the two major causal genes involved in Usher type I, the most severe form, and type II, the most frequent form, respectively. Massively parallel sequencing was performed on a cohort of patients in the context of a molecular diagnosis to confirm clinical suspicion of Usher syndrome. We report here 231 pathogenic MYO7A and USH2A genotypes identified in 73 Usher type I and 158 Usher type II patients. Furthermore, we present the ACMG classification of the variants, which comprise all types. Among them, 68 have not been previously reported in the literature, including 12 missense and 16 splice variants. We also report a new deep intronic variant in USH2A. Despite the important number of molecular studies published on these two genes, we show that during the course of routine genetic diagnosis, undescribed variants continue to be identified at a high rate. This is particularly pertinent in the current era, where therapeutic strategies based on DNA or RNA technologies are being developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luke Mansard
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (J.B.); (M.C.); (M.K.)
| | - David Baux
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (J.B.); (M.C.); (M.K.)
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University of Montpellier, Inserm, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (I.M.); (M.W.); (V.K.)
| | - Christel Vaché
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (J.B.); (M.C.); (M.K.)
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University of Montpellier, Inserm, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (I.M.); (M.W.); (V.K.)
| | - Catherine Blanchet
- National Reference Centre for Inherited Sensory Diseases, University Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France;
- Oto Laryngology Department, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Meunier
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University of Montpellier, Inserm, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (I.M.); (M.W.); (V.K.)
- National Reference Centre for Inherited Sensory Diseases, University Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France;
| | - Marjolaine Willems
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University of Montpellier, Inserm, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (I.M.); (M.W.); (V.K.)
- Medical Genetics Department, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Faugère
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (J.B.); (M.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Corinne Baudoin
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (J.B.); (M.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Melody Moclyn
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (J.B.); (M.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Julie Bianchi
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (J.B.); (M.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Helene Dollfus
- Reference Center for Rare Affections in Ophthalmology Genetics (CARGO), Institute of Medical Genetics of Alsace, University of Strasbourg, CHU Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France;
| | | | - Delphine Dupin-Deguine
- Medical Genetics Department, University of Toulouse, CHU Purpan, F-31000 Toulouse, France;
| | - Dominique Bonneau
- Medical Genetics Department, University of Angers, CHU Angers, F-49000 Angers, France;
| | - Isabelle Drumare
- Vision and Neuro-Ophthalmology Department, University of Lille, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Sylvie Odent
- Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital, Genetics and Development Institute of Rennes IDGDR, UMR6290 University of Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France;
| | - Xavier Zanlonghi
- Center of Competence for Rare Diseases, Jules Verne Clinic, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Mireille Claustres
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (J.B.); (M.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Michel Koenig
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (J.B.); (M.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Vasiliki Kalatzis
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University of Montpellier, Inserm, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (I.M.); (M.W.); (V.K.)
| | - Anne-Françoise Roux
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (L.M.); (D.B.); (C.V.); (V.F.); (C.B.); (M.M.); (J.B.); (M.C.); (M.K.)
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier (INM), University of Montpellier, Inserm, F-34000 Montpellier, France; (I.M.); (M.W.); (V.K.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Igelman AD, Ku C, da Palma MM, Georgiou M, Schiff ER, Lam BL, Sankila EM, Ahn J, Pyers L, Vincent A, Ferraz Sallum JM, Zein WM, Oh JK, Maldonado RS, Ryu J, Tsang SH, Gorin MB, Webster AR, Michaelides M, Yang P, Pennesi ME. Expanding the clinical phenotype in patients with disease causing variants associated with atypical Usher syndrome. Ophthalmic Genet 2021; 42:664-673. [PMID: 34223797 PMCID: PMC9233901 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2021.1946704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Atypical Usher syndrome (USH) is poorly defined with a broad clinical spectrum. Here, we characterize the clinical phenotype of disease caused by variants in CEP78, CEP250, ARSG, and ABHD12.Chart review evaluating demographic, clinical, imaging, and genetic findings of 19 patients from 18 families with a clinical diagnosis of retinal disease and confirmed disease-causing variants in CEP78, CEP250, ARSG, or ABHD12.CEP78-related disease included sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in 6/7 patients and demonstrated a broad phenotypic spectrum including: vascular attenuation, pallor of the optic disc, intraretinal pigment, retinal pigment epithelium mottling, areas of mid-peripheral hypo-autofluorescence, outer retinal atrophy, mild pigmentary changes in the macula, foveal hypo-autofluorescence, and granularity of the ellipsoid zone. Nonsense and frameshift variants in CEP250 showed mild retinal disease with progressive, non-congenital SNHL. ARSG variants resulted in a characteristic pericentral pattern of hypo-autofluorescence with one patient reporting non-congenital SNHL. ABHD12-related disease showed rod-cone dystrophy with macular involvement, early and severe decreased best corrected visual acuity, and non-congenital SNHL ranging from unreported to severe.This study serves to expand the clinical phenotypes of atypical USH. Given the variable findings, atypical USH should be considered in patients with peripheral and macular retinal disease even without the typical RP phenotype especially when SNHL is noted. Additionally, genetic screening may be useful in patients who have clinical symptoms and retinal findings even in the absence of known SNHL given the variability of atypical USH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Austin D Igelman
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Cristy Ku
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Mariana Matioli da Palma
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Michalis Georgiou
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elena R Schiff
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Byron L Lam
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Eeva-Marja Sankila
- Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Eye Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jeeyun Ahn
- UCLA Stein Eye Institute, Division of Retinal Disorders and Ophthalmic Genetics, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Lindsey Pyers
- UCLA Stein Eye Institute, Division of Retinal Disorders and Ophthalmic Genetics, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ajoy Vincent
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, the Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Juliana Maria Ferraz Sallum
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wadih M Zein
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jin Kyun Oh
- Jonas Children's Vision Care, Departments of Ophthalmology, Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, New York, USA
- College of Medicine, State University of New York at Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Ramiro S Maldonado
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Joseph Ryu
- Jonas Children's Vision Care, Departments of Ophthalmology, Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, New York, USA
| | - Stephen H Tsang
- Jonas Children's Vision Care, Departments of Ophthalmology, Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, New York, USA
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael B Gorin
- UCLA Stein Eye Institute, Division of Retinal Disorders and Ophthalmic Genetics, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew R Webster
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Michel Michaelides
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Paul Yang
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Mark E Pennesi
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Colombo L, Maltese PE, Romano D, Fogagnolo P, Castori M, Marceddu G, Cristofoli F, Percio M, Piteková B, Modarelli AM, Bertelli M, Rossetti L. SD-OCT analysis in syndromic and non-syndromic forms of retinitis pigmentosa due to USH2A gene mutations. Ophthalmic Res 2021; 65:180-195. [PMID: 34781295 DOI: 10.1159/000520329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to analyze macular structure by using SD-OCT in a cohort of patients affected by autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa and Usher syndrome, due to genetic variants in USH2A gene, and to correlate OCT parameters with functional and genetic data. METHODS The subjects of this study were 92 patients, 46 syndromic (Ush2) and 46 non-syndromic (arRP), with clinical and genetic diagnosis of USH2A-related retinal dystrophy, who underwent a complete ophthalmic examination and spectral domain OCT analysis. The study focused on evaluating the differences between the two groups in the following parameters: best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), ellipsoid zone width (EZ), presence of epiretinal membrane (ERM) and cystic macular lesions (CML). Variants in USH2A gene were divided in 3 categories, according to the expected impact (low/high) at protein level of the different variants on each allele. RESULTS BCVA and EZ width were significantly lower in Ush2 than in arRP patients (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.001). ERM was detected in 34.8% (16/46) of arRP patients and in 65.2% (30/46) of Ush2 patients (p = 0.003). CML was detected in 17.4% (8/46) of arRP patients and 30.4% (14/46) of Ush2 patients (p = 0.14). The allelic distribution was statistically different (p = 0.0003) by dividing the two diseases: for Ush2 patients it was 45.7% (high/high), 39.1% (low/high) and 15.2% (low/low); for arRP patients it was 8.7% (high/high), 56.5% (low/high) and 34.8% (low/low). The severity class of the variants significantly affected VA and EZ width parameters (p = 0.004 and p = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSION Retinal disease, as evaluated by means of SD-OCT, shows more advanced degeneration signs in the syndromic than the non-syndromic form of retinal dystrophy related to USH2A gene. Variant types and allelic profiles are determining factors for the onset of syndromic features. However, since the three allelic profiles can be found in both Usher and RP patients, other factors must necessarily play a determining role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Colombo
- Department of Ophthalmology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Dario Romano
- Department of Ophthalmology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Fogagnolo
- Department of Ophthalmology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Castori
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Barbora Piteková
- Department of Pediatrics, Comenius University Faculty of Medicine, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Antonio Mattia Modarelli
- Department of Ophthalmology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Bertelli
- MAGI'S Lab s.r.l., Rovereto, Italy
- MAGI Euregio s.c.s., Bolzano, Italy
| | - Luca Rossetti
- Department of Ophthalmology, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kang H, Zhao K, Kong X. [Genetic diagnosis of a pedigree affected with Usher syndrome type 1D/F]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi 2021; 38:951-954. [PMID: 34625930 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn511374-20200729-00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the genetic basis for a pedigree affected with congenital sensorineural deafness. METHODS High-throughput sequencing was carried out to analyze the coding regions of 415 genes associated with hereditary deafness in the proband. Suspected variants were verified by PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing of her parents and sister. RESULTS The proband was found to have carried a heterozygous c.5131G>A (p.Val1711Ile) variant of the CDH23 gene and a heterozygous c.2884C>T(p.Arg962Cys) variant of the PCDH15 gene, which were respectively inherited from her mother and father. Her sister (with normal hearing) was also heterozygous for the c.5131G>A (p.Val1711Ile) variant of the CDH23 gene but not the c.2884C>T (p.Arg962Cys) variant of the PCDH15 gene. Based on the guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, both variants were predicted to be likely pathogenic (PS1+PM2+PP3+PP4). CONCLUSION The c.5131G>A (p.Val1711Ile) variant of the CDH23 gene and c.2884C>T (p.Arg962Cys) variant of the PCDH15 gene probably underlay the pathogenesis of Usher syndrome type 1D/F in this pedigree.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Kang
- Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|