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Bellanti F, lo Buglio A, Quiete S, Vendemiale G. Malnutrition in Hospitalized Old Patients: Screening and Diagnosis, Clinical Outcomes, and Management. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040910. [PMID: 35215559 PMCID: PMC8880030 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition in hospitalized patients heavily affects several clinical outcomes. The prevalence of malnutrition increases with age, comorbidities, and intensity of care in up to 90% of old populations. However, malnutrition frequently remains underdiagnosed and undertreated in the hospital. Thus, an accurate screening to identify patients at risk of malnutrition or malnourishment is determinant to elaborate a personal nutritional intervention. Several definitions of malnutrition were proposed in the last years, affecting the real frequency of nutritional disorders and the timing of intervention. Diagnosis of malnutrition needs a complete nutritional assessment, which is often challenging to perform during a hospital stay. For this purpose, various screening tools were proposed, allowing patients to be stratified according to the risk of malnutrition. The present review aims to summarize the actual evidence in terms of diagnosis, association with clinical outcomes, and management of malnutrition in a hospital setting.
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Bellanti F, Lo Buglio A, Vendemiale G. Redox Homeostasis and Immune Alterations in Coronavirus Disease-19. Biology (Basel) 2022; 11:159. [PMID: 35205026 PMCID: PMC8869285 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The global Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is characterized by a wide variety of clinical features, from no or moderate symptoms to severe illness. COVID-19 is caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that first affects the respiratory tract. Other than being limited to lungs, SARS-CoV-2 may lead to a multisystem disease that can even be durable (long COVID). The clinical spectrum of COVID-19 depends on variability in the immune regulation. Indeed, disease progression is consequent to failure in the immune regulation, characterized by an intensification of the pro-inflammatory response. Disturbance of systemic and organ-related redox balance may be a further mechanism underlying variability in COVID-19 severity. Other than being determinant for SARS-CoV-2 entry and fusion to the host cell, reactive species and redox signaling are deeply involved in the immune response. This review sums up the present knowledge on the role of redox balance in the regulation of susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and related immune response, debating the effectiveness of antioxidant compounds in the management of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.L.B.); (G.V.)
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Słota M, Wąsik M, Stołtny T, Machoń-Grecka A, Kasperczyk A, Bellanti F, Dobrakowski M, Chwalba A, Kasperczyk S. Relationship between lead absorption and iron status and its association with oxidative stress markers in lead-exposed workers. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 68:126841. [PMID: 34438315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emission of lead (Pb) occurring during the extraction, processing and industrial applications of this element remains a significant environmental risk factor. The absorbability of lead in humans is strongly associated with the general health status of exposed individuals. Existing mineral deficiencies are considered being a predisposition to an increased Pb uptake. Both, iron deficiency and lead poisoning are the major causative factors responsible for the prevalence of anemia within the vulnerable population, especially in children. Although some of the intervention programs of counteracting lead poisoning by iron supplementation proved to be effective in the Pb-exposed population, the exact mechanisms of this interaction still require further studies. The objective of the presented study was to examine the association of iron level on oxidative stress measures and its effects on the severity of lead toxicity in the exposed population. METHODS The analyzed population consisted of 270 male workers from the lead-zinc smelter. The studied population was divided into two sub-groups based on the serum iron concentration: low iron level group (L-Fe; Fe < median value) and high iron level group (H-Fe; Fe > median value). Measured traits comprised of blood lead (PbB), serum Fe and zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) levels as well as a blood count and oxidative stress markers. RESULTS No significant correlation between serum iron concentration and PbB in the tested cohort was found. On the contrary, the analysis of ZPP levels (long-term marker related to a hematologic toxic effect of Pb) within the subgroups differing in serum Fe level shown that ZPP was 12.3 % lower (p = 0.043) in subjects classified within the H-Fe group. A positive correlation of serum Fe and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was found (R = 0.1999). The conducted 3-D PCA analysis showed that individuals classified within the H-Fe group were characterized by the co-occurrence of higher Fe levels, lower ZPP, and higher TAC value. CONCLUSION These results support the existing evidence providing that maintaining the optimal status of Fe may play a significant role in preventing the lead poisoning and alleviating harmful effects of Pb on the oxidative balance in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Słota
- ARKOP Sp. z o.o., Kolejowa 34a, 32-332, Bukowno, Poland
| | - Marta Wąsik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Institute of Medicine, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052, Opole, Poland
| | - Tomasz Stołtny
- District Hospital of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery in Piekary Śląskie, Bytomska 62, 41-940, Piekary Śląskie, Poland
| | - Anna Machoń-Grecka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poniatowskiego 15, 40-055, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poniatowskiego 15, 40-055, Katowice, Poland
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Michał Dobrakowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poniatowskiego 15, 40-055, Katowice, Poland
| | - Artur Chwalba
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poniatowskiego 15, 40-055, Katowice, Poland
| | - Sławomir Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poniatowskiego 15, 40-055, Katowice, Poland.
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Bellanti F, di Bello G, Tamborra R, Amatruda M, Lo Buglio A, Dobrakowski M, Kasperczyk A, Kasperczyk S, Serviddio G, Vendemiale G. Impact of senescence on the transdifferentiation process of human hepatic progenitor-like cells. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1595-1609. [PMID: 34786160 PMCID: PMC8567448 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i10.1595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Senescence is characterized by a decline in hepatocyte function, with impairment of metabolism and regenerative capacity. Several models that duplicate liver functions in vitro are essential tools for studying drug metabolism, liver diseases, and organ regeneration. The human HepaRG cell line represents an effective model for the study of liver metabolism and hepatic progenitors. However, the impact of senescence on HepaRG cells is not yet known.
AIM To characterize the effects of senescence on the transdifferentiation capacity and mitochondrial metabolism of human HepaRG cells.
METHODS We compared the transdifferentiation capacity of cells over 10 (passage 10 [P10]) vs P20. Aging was evaluated by senescence-associated (SA) beta-galactosidase activity and the comet assay. HepaRG transdifferentiation was analyzed by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry (expression of cluster of differentiation 49a [CD49a], CD49f, CD184, epithelial cell adhesion molecule [EpCAM], and cytokeratin 19 [CK19]), quantitative PCR analysis (expression of albumin, cytochrome P450 3A4 [CYP3A4], γ-glutamyl transpeptidase [γ-GT], and carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA]), and functional analyses (albumin secretion, CYP3A4, and γ-GT). Mitochondrial respiration and the ATP and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/NAD with hydrogen (NADH) content were also measured.
RESULTS SA β-galactosidase staining was higher in P20 than P10 HepaRG cells; in parallel, the comet assay showed consistent DNA damage in P20 HepaRG cells. With respect to P10, P20 HepaRG cells exhibited a reduction of CD49a, CD49f, CD184, EpCAM, and CK19 after the induction of transdifferentiation. Furthermore, lower gene expression of albumin, CYP3A4, and γ-GT, as well as reduced albumin secretion capacity, CYP3A4, and γ-GT activity were reported in transdifferentiated P20 compared to P10 cells. By contrast, the gene expression level of CEA was not reduced by transdifferentiation in P20 cells. Of note, both cellular and mitochondrial oxygen consumption was lower in P20 than in P10 transdifferentiated cells. Finally, both ATP and NAD+/NADH were depleted in P20 cells with respect to P10 cells.
CONCLUSION SA mitochondrial dysfunction may limit the transdifferentiation potential of HepaRG cells, with consequent impairment of metabolic and regenerative properties, which may alter applications in basic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Giorgia di Bello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Rosanna Tamborra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Marco Amatruda
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Aurelio Lo Buglio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Michał Dobrakowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze 41-808, Poland
| | | | - Sławomir Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze 41-808, Poland
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
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Abstract
Significance: During aging, excessive production of reactive species in the liver leads to redox imbalance with consequent oxidative damage and impaired organ homeostasis. Nevertheless, slight amounts of reactive species may modulate several transcription factors, acting as second messengers and regulating specific signaling pathways. These redox-dependent alterations may impact the age-associated decline in liver regeneration. Recent Advances: In the last few decades, relevant findings related to redox alterations in the aging liver were investigated. Consistently, recent research broadened understanding of redox modifications and signaling related to liver regeneration. Other than reporting the effect of oxidative stress, epigenetic and post-translational modifications, as well as modulation of specific redox-sensitive cellular signaling, were described. Among them, the present review focuses on Wnt/β-catenin, the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2), members of the Forkhead box O (FoxO) family, and the p53 tumor suppressor. Critical Issues: Even though alteration in redox homeostasis occurs both in aging and in impaired liver regeneration, the associative mechanisms are not clearly defined. Of note, antioxidants are not effective in slowing hepatic senescence, and do not clearly improve liver repopulation after hepatectomy or transplant in humans. Future Directions: Further investigations are needed to define mutual redox-dependent molecular pathways involved both in aging and in the decline of liver regeneration. Preclinical studies aimed at the characterization of these pathways would define possible therapeutic targets for human trials. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 832-847.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may present with a broad range of clinical manifestations, from no or mild symptoms to severe disease. Patients with specific pre-existing comorbidities, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, are at high risk of coming out with a critical form of COVID-19. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and, because of its frequent association with metabolic alterations including obesity and type 2 diabetes, it has recently been re-named as metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Several studies and systematic reviews pointed out the increased risk of severe COVID-19 in NAFLD/MAFLD patients. Even though dedicated mechanistic studies are missing, this higher probability may be justified by systemic low-grade chronic inflammation associated with immune dysregulation in NAFLD/MAFLD, which could trigger cytokine storm and hypercoagulable state after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. This review focuses on the predisposing role of NAFLD/MAFLD in favoring severe COVID-19, discussing the available information on specific risk factors, clinical features, outcomes, and pathogenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
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Bellanti F, di Bello G, Iannelli G, Pannone G, Pedicillo MC, Boulter L, Lu WY, Tamborra R, Villani R, Vendemiale G, Forbes SJ, Serviddio G. Inhibition of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 promotes hepatic progenitor cell activation and differentiation. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:28. [PMID: 34039998 PMCID: PMC8155039 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00137-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The stem cell ability to self-renew and lead regeneration relies on the balance of complex signals in their microenvironment. The identification of modulators of hepatic progenitor cell (HPC) activation is determinant for liver regeneration and may improve cell transplantation for end-stage liver disease. This investigation used different models to point out the Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) as a key regulator of the HPC fate. We initially proved that in vivo models of biliary epithelial cells (BECs)/HPC activation show hepatic oxidative stress, which activates primary BECs/HPCs in vitro. NRF2 downregulation and silencing were associated with morphological, phenotypic, and functional modifications distinctive of differentiated cells. Furthermore, NRF2 activation in the biliary tract repressed the ductular reaction in injured liver. To definitely assess the importance of NRF2 in HPC biology, we applied a xenograft model by inhibiting NRF2 in the human derived HepaRG cell line and transplanting into SCID/beige mice administered with anti-Fas antibody to induce hepatocellular apoptosis; this resulted in effective human hepatocyte repopulation with reduced liver injury. To conclude, NRF2 inhibition leads to the activation and differentiation of liver progenitors. This redox-dependent transcription factor represents a potential target to regulate the commitment of undifferentiated hepatic progenitors into specific lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Centre for Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Giorgia di Bello
- Centre for Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Iannelli
- Centre for Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pannone
- Anatomical Pathology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Carmela Pedicillo
- Anatomical Pathology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luke Boulter
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Wei-Yu Lu
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston Birmingham, UK
| | - Rosanna Tamborra
- Centre for Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Villani
- Centre for Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Centre for Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Stuart J Forbes
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Centre for Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Bellanti F, Lo Buglio A, Capuano E, Dobrakowski M, Kasperczyk A, Kasperczyk S, Ventriglio A, Vendemiale G. Factors Related to Nurses' Burnout during the First Wave of Coronavirus Disease-19 in a University Hospital in Italy. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18105051. [PMID: 34064610 PMCID: PMC8151382 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Safety of healthcare workers in hospitals is a major concern during the COVID-19 pandemic. Being exposed for several working hours per day to infected patients, nurses dealing with COVID-19 face several issues that lead to physical/psychological breakdown. This study focused on burnout and its associated factors in nurses working in an Italian University Hospital during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic. We designed a web-based cross-sectional study addressed to nurses working at the University Hospital in Foggia, Italy. The online questionnaire was organized in sections aimed at collecting demographic and occupational variables, including the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OBI). Two hundred and ninety-three nurses agreed to participate. According to MBI, we reported moderate/high emotional exhaustion in 76.5%, depersonalization in 50.2%, and personal gratification in 54.6% of participants. COVID-19-related burnout measured by OBI resulted medium/high in 89.1% of participants. Among demographic and occupational factors, a multivariate regression analysis identified emotional support, consideration of leaving job, and workload as predictive of burnout in nurses. In conclusion, this study suggests that the improvement of employer and family support to nurses, as well as reduction of workload and job-related stress, would contribute to reducing burnout in nurses during COVID-19 pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (F.B.); (A.L.B.); (E.C.); (G.V.)
| | - Aurelio Lo Buglio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (F.B.); (A.L.B.); (E.C.); (G.V.)
| | - Erika Capuano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (F.B.); (A.L.B.); (E.C.); (G.V.)
| | - Michał Dobrakowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (M.D.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (M.D.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sławomir Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (M.D.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0881-733-840
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (F.B.); (A.L.B.); (E.C.); (G.V.)
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Zuliani I, Lanzillotta C, Tramutola A, Barone E, Perluigi M, Rinaldo S, Paone A, Cutruzzolà F, Bellanti F, Spinelli M, Natale F, Fusco S, Grassi C, Di Domenico F. High-Fat Diet Leads to Reduced Protein O-GlcNAcylation and Mitochondrial Defects Promoting the Development of Alzheimer's Disease Signatures. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073746. [PMID: 33916835 PMCID: PMC8038495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The disturbance of protein O-GlcNAcylation is emerging as a possible link between altered brain metabolism and the progression of neurodegeneration. As observed in brains with Alzheimer's disease (AD), flaws of the cerebral glucose uptake translate into reduced protein O-GlcNAcylation, which promote the formation of pathological hallmarks. A high-fat diet (HFD) is known to foster metabolic dysregulation and insulin resistance in the brain and such effects have been associated with the reduction of cognitive performances. Remarkably, a significant role in HFD-related cognitive decline might be played by aberrant protein O-GlcNAcylation by triggering the development of AD signature and mitochondrial impairment. Our data support the impairment of total protein O-GlcNAcylation profile both in the brain of mice subjected to a 6-week high-fat-diet (HFD) and in our in vitro transposition on SH-SY5Y cells. The reduction of protein O-GlcNAcylation was associated with the development of insulin resistance, induced by overfeeding (i.e., defective insulin signaling and reduced mitochondrial activity), which promoted the dysregulation of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) flux, through the AMPK-driven reduction of GFAT1 activation. Further, we observed that a HFD induced the selective impairment of O-GlcNAcylated-tau and of O-GlcNAcylated-Complex I subunit NDUFB8, thus resulting in tau toxicity and reduced respiratory chain functionality respectively, highlighting the involvement of this posttranslational modification in the neurodegenerative process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Zuliani
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Chiara Lanzillotta
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Antonella Tramutola
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Eugenio Barone
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Marzia Perluigi
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Serena Rinaldo
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Alessio Paone
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesca Cutruzzolà
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Matteo Spinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (F.N.); (S.F.); (C.G.)
| | - Francesca Natale
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (F.N.); (S.F.); (C.G.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Fusco
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (F.N.); (S.F.); (C.G.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Grassi
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.S.); (F.N.); (S.F.); (C.G.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Domenico
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (I.Z.); (C.L.); (A.T.); (E.B.); (M.P.); (S.R.); (A.P.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Infante B, Bellanti F, Correale M, Pontrelli P, Franzin R, Leo S, Calvaruso M, Mercuri S, Netti GS, Ranieri E, Brunetti ND, Grandaliano G, Gesualdo L, Serviddio G, Castellano G, Stallone G. mTOR inhibition improves mitochondria function/biogenesis and delays cardiovascular aging in kidney transplant recipients with chronic graft dysfunction. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:8026-8039. [PMID: 33758105 PMCID: PMC8034974 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
CVD remains the major cause of mortality with graft functioning in Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), with an estimated risk of CV events about 50-fold higher than in the general population. Many strategies have been considered to reduce the CV risk such as the use of mTOR inhibitors. We evaluate whether chronic mTOR inhibition might influence CV aging in KTRs studying the molecular mechanisms involved in this effect. We retrospectively analyzed 210 KTRs with stable graft function on therapy with CNI and mycophenolic acid (Group A, 105 pts.), or with CNI and mTORi (Everolimus, Group B, 105 pts.). The presence of mTOR inhibitor in immunosuppressive therapy was associated to increase serum levels of Klotho with concomitant reduction in FGF-23, with a significant decrease in left ventricular mass. In addition, KTRs with mTORi improved mitochondrial function/biogenesis in PBMC with more efficient oxidative phosphorylation, antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase activity. Finally, group B KTRs presented reduced levels of inflammaging markers such as reduced serum pentraxin-3 and p21ink expression in PBMC. In conclusion, we demonstrated that mTOR inhibition in immunosuppressive protocols prevents the occurrence and signs of CV aging in KTRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Infante
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- C.U.R.E. (University Center for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Michele Correale
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Paola Pontrelli
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossana Franzin
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Serena Leo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Martina Calvaruso
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Silvia Mercuri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Stefano Netti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Elena Ranieri
- Clinical Pathology Unit and Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Natale Daniele Brunetti
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grandaliano
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Loreto Gesualdo
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- C.U.R.E. (University Center for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castellano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Stallone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Sangineto M, Bukke VN, Bellanti F, Tamborra R, Moola A, Duda L, Villani R, Romano AD, Serviddio G. A Novel Nutraceuticals Mixture Improves Liver Steatosis by Preventing Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in a NAFLD Model. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020652. [PMID: 33671262 PMCID: PMC7923152 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of liver disease globally, and represents a health care burden as treatment options are very scarce. The reason behind the NAFLD progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is not completely understood. Recently, the deficiency of micronutrients (e.g., vitamins, minerals, and other elements) has been suggested as crucial in NAFLD progression, such that recent studies reported the potential hepatic antioxidant properties of micronutrients supplementation. However, very little is known. Here we have explored the potential beneficial effects of dietary supplementation with FLINAX, a novel mixture of nutraceuticals (i.e., vitamin E, vitamin D3, olive dry-extract, cinnamon dry-extract and fish oil) in a NAFLD model characterized by oxidative stress and mitochondrial function impairment. Steatosis was firstly induced in Wistar rats by feeding with a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet for 4 weeks, and following this the rats were divided into two groups. One group (n = 8) was treated for 2 weeks with a normal chow-diet, while a second group (n = 8) was fed with a chow-diet supplemented with 2% FLINAX. Along with the entire experiment (6 weeks), a third group of rats was fed with a chow-diet only as control. Statistical analysis was performed with Student's T test or one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Bonferroni test when appropriate. Steatosis, oxidative stress and mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC) complexes activity were analyzed in liver tissues. The dietary supplementation with FLINAX significantly improved hepatic steatosis and lipid accumulation compared to untreated rats. The mRNA and protein levels analysis showed that CPT1A and CPT2 were up-regulated by FLINAX, suggesting the enhancement of fatty acids oxidation (FAO). Important lipoperoxidation markers (i.e., HNE- and MDA-protein adducts) and the quantity of total mitochondrial oxidized proteins were significantly lower in FLINAX-treated rats. Intriguingly, FLINAX restored the mitochondrial function, stimulating the activity of mitochondrial RC complexes (i.e., I, II, III and ATP-synthase) and counteracting the peroxide production from pyruvate/malate (complex I) and succinate (complex II). Therefore, the supplementation with FLINAX reprogrammed the cellular energy homeostasis by restoring the efficiency of mitochondrial function, with a consequent improvement in steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moris Sangineto
- C.U.R.E. (University Center for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (V.N.B.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Vidyasagar Naik Bukke
- C.U.R.E. (University Center for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (V.N.B.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Rosanna Tamborra
- C.U.R.E. (University Center for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (V.N.B.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Archana Moola
- C.U.R.E. (University Center for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (V.N.B.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Loren Duda
- Pathology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Rosanna Villani
- C.U.R.E. (University Center for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (V.N.B.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Antonino Davide Romano
- C.U.R.E. (University Center for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (V.N.B.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (A.D.R.)
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- C.U.R.E. (University Center for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.S.); (V.N.B.); (R.T.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (A.D.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0881-736007
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Wyparło-Wszelaki M, Wąsik M, Machoń-Grecka A, Kasperczyk A, Bellanti F, Kasperczyk S, Dobrakowski M. Blood Magnesium Level and Selected Oxidative Stress Indices in Lead-Exposed Workers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:465-472. [PMID: 32372126 PMCID: PMC7746562 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02168-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Occupational exposure to lead is one of the important hazards to human global population. Lead interferes with divalent cations, such as calcium, magnesium, and iron. Magnesium is the fourth most common mineral in the human body and a cofactor in more than 325 enzymes. There are many disorders associated with magnesium deficiency. It has been postulated that hypomagnesemia promotes oxidative stress. Study population included 232 male employees of lead-zinc works and was divided into two sub-groups based on the median of magnesium serum level: low magnesium level (L-Mg) group and high magnesium level (H-Mg) group. Magnesium level was significantly higher in the H-Mg group than in the L-Mg group due to the study design. The level of zinc protoporphyrin was significantly higher in the L-Mg group than in the H-Mg group by 13%, while the blood lead levels were similar in the examined groups. The serum level of MDA was significantly higher in the L-Mg group than in the H-Mg group by 12%, while the serum levels of thiol groups, TAC, and bilirubin were significantly lower in that group by 6%, 3%, and 27%, respectively. Similarly, the erythrocyte SOD activity was lower in the L-Mg group than in the H-Mg group by 5%. Low serum magnesium levels contribute to lead-induced oxidative stress, result in unfavorable modification of antioxidant system function, and promote lead-induced impairment of heme synthesis. Obtained results indicate that prevention of hypomagnesemia should be regarded as an important step in ensuring adequate prophylaxis of chronic lead poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wyparło-Wszelaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marta Wąsik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Anna Machoń-Grecka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808, Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto, 1, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Sławomir Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Michał Dobrakowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808, Zabrze, Poland
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Bellanti F, Lo Buglio A, Vendemiale G. Mitochondrial Impairment in Sarcopenia. Biology (Basel) 2021; 10:biology10010031. [PMID: 33418869 PMCID: PMC7825073 DOI: 10.3390/biology10010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is defined by the age-related loss of skeletal muscle quality, which relies on mitochondrial homeostasis. During aging, several mitochondrial features such as bioenergetics, dynamics, biogenesis, and selective autophagy (mitophagy) are altered and impinge on protein homeostasis, resulting in loss of muscle mass and function. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction contributes significantly to the complex pathogenesis of sarcopenia, and mitochondria are indicated as potential targets to prevent and treat this age-related condition. After a concise presentation of the age-related modifications in skeletal muscle quality and mitochondrial homeostasis, the present review summarizes the most relevant findings related to mitochondrial alterations in sarcopenia.
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14
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Bellanti F, Lo Buglio A, Custodero G, Barbera L, Minafra G, Montrano M, De Biase F, Vendemiale G. Fatal relapse of COVID-19 after recovery? A case report of an older Italian patient. J Infect 2021; 82:e49-e51. [PMID: 33340595 PMCID: PMC7834308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Aurelio Lo Buglio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giacomo Custodero
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Lucia Barbera
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Graziano Minafra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Marcella Montrano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Fabio De Biase
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
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15
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Ariano A, D'Apolito M, Bova M, Bellanti F, Loffredo S, D'Andrea G, Intrieri M, Petraroli A, Maffione AB, Spadaro G, Santacroce R, Margaglione M. A myoferlin gain-of-function variant associates with a new type of hereditary angioedema. Allergy 2020; 75:2989-2992. [PMID: 32542751 DOI: 10.1111/all.14454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Ariano
- Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria D'Apolito
- Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Bova
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Foggia, Italy
| | - Stefania Loffredo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "Gaetano Salvatore", National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna D'Andrea
- Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Mariano Intrieri
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Angelica Petraroli
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Bruna Maffione
- Human Anatomy, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spadaro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Santacroce
- Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Margaglione
- Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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16
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Chyra-Jach D, Kaletka Z, Dobrakowski M, Machoń-Grecka A, Kasperczyk S, Bellanti F, Birkner E, Kasperczyk A. Levels of Macro- and Trace Elements and Select Cytokines in the Semen of Infertile Men. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 197:431-439. [PMID: 31898306 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-02022-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The current study evaluated levels of macro-/trace elements, select cytokines, and sperm quality, in the semen of men with abnormal spermograms. The study population of men with abnormal spermograms was divided into three groups, i.e., oligospermic, asthenozoospermic, and oligoasthenozoospermic. The control group was fertile men with normal semen parameters. Analyses showed that in comparison with that in the semen of the fertile men, levels of calcium, magnesium, and selenium were significantly lower in men with all three groups. Semen levels of zinc were significantly lower in men with asthenospermia as compared with that in control. GGT (gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase) activity in semen was significantly higher in men in any of the three states as compared with that seen in control semen. In contrast, semen ALT (alanine aminotransferase) activity was reduced in men with any of these abnormalities compared with that in the controls. Semen cholesterol levels were significantly lower in men with asthenospermia as compared with control semen. Of all the measured cytokines, only IL-5 levels were reduced in the semen of the men with any of the conditions as compared with control semen. The semen of infertile males is characterized by reduced levels of calcium, magnesium, and trace metals such as zinc and selenium. The study also indicated that measures of cholesterol and of GGT/ALT activities could serve as supplementary parameters indicative of semen quality. Further investigations are needed to clarify the role of the measured parameters in sperm physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Chyra-Jach
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Kaletka
- Department and Clinic of Urology, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. 3 Maja 13-15, 41-800, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Michał Dobrakowski
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Anna Machoń-Grecka
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808, Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Sławomir Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto, 1 -71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Ewa Birkner
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jordana 19, 41-808, Zabrze, Poland
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Kurkowska W, Bogacz A, Janiszewska M, Gabryś E, Tiszler M, Bellanti F, Kasperczyk S, Machoń-Grecka A, Dobrakowski M, Kasperczyk A. Oxidative Stress is Associated with Reduced Sperm Motility in Normal Semen. Am J Mens Health 2020; 14:1557988320939731. [PMID: 32938274 PMCID: PMC7503008 DOI: 10.1177/1557988320939731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Infertility is among the most serious medical problems worldwide. Male factors contribute to 40%-50% of all infertility cases, and approximately 7% of men worldwide are affected by infertility. Spermatozoa are extremely vulnerable to oxidative insult. Oxidative stress results in axonemal damage and increased midpiece sperm morphological defects, which lead to reduced sperm motility. The aim of the study is to evaluate the association between sperm motility and the levels of selected antioxidants, cytokines, and markers of oxidative damage in the seminal plasma.The study group included 107 healthy males, who were split into two subgroups based on the percentage of motile spermatozoa after 1 hr: low motility (LM, n = 51) and high motility (HM, n = 56).The glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity was 52% lower in the LM group compared to that in the HM group. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was 12% higher in the LM group compared to that in the HM group. Similarly, the median values of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-10, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were higher in the LM group than those in the HM group. Results of the present study revealed that the percentage of motile spermatozoa after 1 hr correlated positively with the levels of IL-1β, IL-10, IL-12, and TNFα.The lower motility of spermatozoa in healthy men is associated with a decreased activity of G6PD and increased levels of cytokines, which may be related to increased oxidative stress in seminal plasma that manifests as an increased level of MDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiktoria Kurkowska
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bogacz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marta Janiszewska
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Ewa Gabryś
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Michał Tiszler
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Puglia, Italy
| | - Sławomir Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Anna Machoń-Grecka
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
- Anna Machoń-Grecka, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, ul. Jordana 19, Zabrze, 41-808, Poland.
| | - Michał Dobrakowski
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
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Villani R, Bellanti F, Cavallone F, Di Bello G, Tamborra R, Bukke Vidyasagar N, Moola A, Serviddio G. Direct-acting antivirals restore systemic redox homeostasis in chronic HCV patients. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 156:200-206. [PMID: 32629106 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C therapy has completely changed in the last years due to the availability of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Removing the virus may be not enough since chronic infection deeply modifies immune system and cellular metabolism along decades of inflammation. Oxidative stress plays a significant role in maintaining systemic inflammation during chronic HCV infection. Other than removing the virus, effective therapy could counteract oxidative stress. This study investigated the impact of DAA treatment on circulating markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant defence in a cohort of patients affected by chronic hepatitis C. To this, an observational study on 196 patients who started therapy with DAA for HCV-related hepatitis was performed. Patients were assessed at baseline, 4 weeks after the initiation of therapy (4wks), at the end of treatment (EoT), and 12 weeks after the EoT (SVR12). Circulating oxidative stress was determined by measuring serum hydroxynonenal (HNE)- and malondialdehyde (MDA)-protein adducts, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Antioxidant status was evaluated by measuring the enzymatic activity and mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We observed a reduction of serum 8-OHdG at 4wks, while the circulating level of both HNE- and MDA-protein adducts diminished at EoT; all these markers persisted low at SVR12. On the other side, we reported an increase in the enzymatic activity of all the antioxidant enzymes in PBMC at EoT and SVR12. Taking into account circulating 8-OHdG and antioxidant enzyme activities, patients with high fibrosis stage were those that had the most benefit from DAA therapy. To conclude, this study indicates that treatment with DAAs improves the circulating redox status of patients affected by chronic hepatitis C. This positive impact of DAA therapy may be related to its effectiveness on cutting down viremia and pro-inflammatory markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Villani
- CURE (University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- CURE (University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Cavallone
- CURE (University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Di Bello
- CURE (University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Tamborra
- CURE (University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Naik Bukke Vidyasagar
- CURE (University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Archana Moola
- CURE (University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- CURE (University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment), Liver Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
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Bellanti F, Lo Buglio A, Quiete S, Pellegrino G, Dobrakowski M, Kasperczyk A, Kasperczyk S, Vendemiale G. Comparison of Three Nutritional Screening Tools with the New Glim Criteria for Malnutrition and Association with Sarcopenia in Hospitalized Older Patients. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061898. [PMID: 32560480 PMCID: PMC7356988 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The integrated assessment of nutritional status and presence of sarcopenia would help improve clinical outcomes of in-hospital aged patients. We compared three common nutritional screening tools with the new Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) diagnostic criteria among hospitalized older patients. To this, 152 older patients were assessed consecutively at hospital admission by the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), and the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002). A 46% prevalence of malnutrition was reported according to GLIM. Sensitivity was 64%, 96% and 47%, and specificity was 82%, 15% and 76% with the MUST, SGA, and NRS-2002, respectively. The concordance with GLIM criteria was 89%, 53% and 62% for the MUST, SGA, and NRS-2002, respectively. All the screening tools had a moderate value to diagnose malnutrition. Moreover, patients at high nutritional risk by MUST were more likely to present with sarcopenia than those at low risk (OR 2.5, CI 1.3-3.6). To conclude, MUST is better than SGA and NRS-2002 at detecting malnutrition in hospitalized older patients diagnosed by the new GLIM criteria. Furthermore, hospitalized older patients at high risk of malnutrition according to MUST are at high risk of presenting with sarcopenia. Nutritional status should be determined by MUST in older patients at hospital admission, followed by both GLIM and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.L.B.); (S.Q.); (G.P.); (G.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Aurelio Lo Buglio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.L.B.); (S.Q.); (G.P.); (G.V.)
| | - Stefano Quiete
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.L.B.); (S.Q.); (G.P.); (G.V.)
| | - Giuseppe Pellegrino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.L.B.); (S.Q.); (G.P.); (G.V.)
| | - Michał Dobrakowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (M.D.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (M.D.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Sławomir Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland; (M.D.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.L.B.); (S.Q.); (G.P.); (G.V.)
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Romano AD, Paglia A, Bellanti F, Villani R, Sangineto M, Vendemiale G, Serviddio G. Molecular Aspects and Treatment of Iron Deficiency in the Elderly. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3821. [PMID: 32481481 PMCID: PMC7313036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) is the most frequent nutritional deficiency in the whole population worldwide, and the second most common cause of anemia in the elderly. The prevalence of anemia is expecting to rise shortly, because of an ageing population. Even though WHO criteria define anemia as a hemoglobin serum concentration <12 g/dL in women and <13 g/dL in men, several authors propose different and specific cut-off values for the elderly. Anemia in aged subjects impacts health and quality of life, and it is associated with several negative outcomes, such as longer time of hospitalization and a higher risk of disability. Furthermore, it is an independent risk factor of increased morbidity and mortality. Even though iron deficiency anemia is a common disorder in older adults, it should be not considered as a normal ageing consequence, but a sign of underlying dysfunction. Relating to the molecular mechanism in Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA), hepcidin has a key role in iron homeostasis. It downregulates the iron exporter ferroportin, inhibiting both iron absorption and release. IDA is frequently dependent on blood loss, especially caused by gastrointestinal lesions. Thus, a diagnostic algorithm for IDA should include invasive investigation such as endoscopic procedures. The treatment choice is influenced by the severity of anemia, underlying conditions, comorbidities, and the clinical state of the patient. Correction of anemia and iron supplementation should be associated with the treatment of the causal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (A.D.R.); (A.P.); (F.B.); (R.V.); (M.S.); (G.V.)
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Villani R, Cavallone F, Romano AD, Bellanti F, Serviddio G. Two-Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography versus Transient Elastography: A Non-Invasive Comparison for the Assessment of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10050313. [PMID: 32429410 PMCID: PMC7277963 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10050313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, several non-invasive methods have been developed for staging liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. A 2D-Shear wave elastography (SWE) technique has been recently introduced on the EPIQ 7 US system (ElastQ), but its accuracy has not been validated in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We enrolled 178 HCV patients to assess their liver fibrosis stage with ElastQ software using transient elastography as a reference standard. The best cut-off values to diagnose ³ F2, ³ F3, and F4 were 8.15, 10.31, and 12.65 KPa, respectively. Liver stiffness values had a positive correlation with transient elastography (r = 0.57; p < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) was 0.899 for ³ F2 (moderate fibrosis), 0.900 for ³ F3 (severe fibrosis), and 0.899 for cirrhosis. 2D-SWE has excellent accuracy in assessing liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C and an excellent correlation with transient elastography.
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Szlacheta Z, Wąsik M, Machoń-Grecka A, Kasperczyk A, Dobrakowski M, Bellanti F, Szlacheta P, Kasperczyk S. Potential Antioxidant Activity of Calcium and Selected Oxidative Stress Markers in Lead- and Cadmium-Exposed Workers. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2020; 2020:8035631. [PMID: 33082913 PMCID: PMC7558770 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8035631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Occupational lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) exposure occurs during processing and casting of nonferrous metals such as zinc. In contrast to Pb and Cd, Ca is essential for living organisms due to its important role in a multitude of functions, from cell signaling to bone growth. Pb and Cd exposure affects calcium metabolism in various ways. The aim of this study was to investigate the blood levels of Pb, Cd, and Ca and the levels of selected oxidative stress biomarkers in workers exposed to Pb and Cd. Population groups included 264 male employees in a lead-zinc smelter. The study population was divided into two subgroups based on the median of Ca serum level (2.42 mmol/l): the low-Ca-level group (L-Ca group) and the high-Ca-level group (H-Ca group). Ca level was significantly higher in the H-Ca group than in the L-Ca group due to the study design (by 26%). The level of zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) was significantly higher in the L-Ca group than in the H-Ca group by 13%, while the blood lead levels (PbB) were similar in the examined groups. The level of cadmium (CdB) was significantly higher in the L-Ca group than in the H-Ca group by 33%. From oxidative stress markers in serum, only the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and ceruloplasmin (CER) were significantly higher in the L-Ca group than in the H-Ca group, by 12% and 4%, respectively. The correlation analysis showed negative correlations between Ca level and the levels of PbB, ZPP, CdB, and MDA. The presented results indicate that Ca level modulates the serum concentration of Cd and has an impact on Pb-induced impairment of heme synthesis. The higher Ca levels may lead to a decrease in the concentration of lipid peroxidation products. Moreover, serum calcium level seems to be able to modify the level of acute-phase proteins. Obtained results suggest that higher Ca level may be useful in reducing Cd level in occupationally exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Wąsik
- 2Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Institute of Medicine, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
| | - Anna Machoń-Grecka
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kasperczyk
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Michał Dobrakowski
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- 4Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Patryk Szlacheta
- 5Department of Toxicology and Health Protection, Faculty of Health Science in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland
| | - Sławomir Kasperczyk
- 3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
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Lo Buglio A, Bellanti F, Serviddio G, Vendemiale G. Impact of Nutritional Status on Muscle Architecture in Elerly Patients Hospitalized in Internal Medicine Wards. J Nutr Health Aging 2020; 24:717-722. [PMID: 32744567 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nutritional alterations are highly prevalent in older rather than adult hospitalized patients. In these subjects, a loss of physical performance is dependent on the impairment of muscle architecture. This study aimed to investigate the association between the nutritional status and muscle architecture in elderly patients hospitalized in internal medicine wards. 68 aged patients admitted in internal medicine wards were consecutively enrolled and stratified in three groups based on the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) score: well-fed (WF), at risk of malnutrition (RM), and malnourished (M). Biochemical indices and anthropometric parameters were sampled at hospital admission. Furthermore, all patients were assessed at admission and after 7 days of hospitalization for muscle strength (hand-grip test), mass (bioimpedentiometry), and architecture (ultrasonography of vastus lateralis). At hospital admission, M patients showed lower percentage of fat free mass and muscle mass with respect to WF and RM. Furthermore, M group presented with lower muscle thickness and pennation angle, as compared to WF and RM. At admission, the MNA score was positively related to the pennation angle and muscle strength. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the nutritional status at admission was the only significant factor influencing pennation angle. Finally, during the first 7 days of hospitalization, a decrease of pennation angle occurred in all the groups studied. We conclude that malnutrition at admission is associated with impaired muscle architecture in elderly patients hospitalized in internal medicine wards. Moreover, muscle architecture is impacted by early hospitalization, irrespective of nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lo Buglio
- Francesco Bellanti, MD, PhD, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 1, 71121 Foggia, Italy, Ph: +39 0881 732167,
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24
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Bellanti F, Buglio AL, Stasio ED, Bello GD, Tamborra R, Dobrakowski M, Kasperczyk A, Kasperczyk S, Vendemiale G. An open-label, single-center pilot study to test the effects of an amino acid mixture in older patients admitted to internal medicine wards. Nutrition 2020; 69:110588. [PMID: 31629306 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.110588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Older patients are frequently subjected to prolonged hospitalization and extended bed rest, with a negative effect on physical activity and caloric intake. This results in a consistent loss of muscle mass and function, which is associated with functional decline and high mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 1 wk of oral amino acid (AA) supplementation in older patients subjected to low mobility during hospitalization. METHODS Hospitalized older patients (69-87) were included in the control group (n = 50) or were administered 25 g of AA mixture (n = 44) twice daily throughout 7 d of low mobility. We collected data related to length of stay as primary outcome measure. In-hospital mortality, 90-d postdischarge mortality, 90-d postdischarge rehospitalization, and falls also were considered. Moreover, variations of anthropometric measures, body composition and muscle architecture/strength, circulating interleukins, and oxidative stress markers between the beginning and the end of the supplementation period were analyzed as secondary outcomes. RESULTS Similar values were reported between the two groups regarding age (76.6 ± 6.8 versus 79 ± 7.2 y old), body weight (61.5 ± 14.3 versus 62.1 ± 16.1 kg), and body mass index (28.7 ± 4.15 versus 28.1 ± 3.62 kg/m2). Although no difference in terms of in-hospital, 90-d postdischarge, or overall mortality rate was observed between the two groups, a reduction in length of stay, 90-d postdischarge hospitalization, and falls was observed in the AA supplementation group rather than in controls. Furthermore, the AA mixture limited muscle architecture/strength impairment and circulating oxidative stress, which occurred during hospitalization-related bed rest. The latter data was associated with increased circulating levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-4 and -10. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the AA mixture limits several alterations associated with low mobility in older hospitalized patients, such as length of stay, 90-d postdischarge hospitalization, and falls, preventing the loss of muscle function, as well as the increase of circulating interleukins and oxidative stress markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Aurelio Lo Buglio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Elena Di Stasio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giorgia di Bello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Tamborra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Michał Dobrakowski
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Sławomir Kasperczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Bellanti F, Pannone G, Tartaglia N, Serviddio G. Redox Control of the Immune Response in the Hepatic Progenitor Cell Niche. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:295. [PMID: 32435643 PMCID: PMC7218163 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver commonly self-regenerates by a proliferation of mature cell types. Nevertheless, in case of severe or protracted damage, the organ renewal is mediated by the hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs), adult progenitors capable of differentiating toward the biliary and the hepatocyte lineages. This regeneration process is determined by the formation of a stereotypical niche surrounding the emerging progenitors. The organization of the HPC niche microenvironment is crucial to drive biliary or hepatocyte regeneration. Furthermore, this is the site of a complex immunological activity mediated by several immune and non-immune cells. Indeed, several cytokines produced by monocytes, macrophages and T-lymphocytes may promote the activation of HPCs in the niche. On the other side, HPCs may produce pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by liver inflammation. The inflamed liver is characterized by high generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which in turn lead to the oxidation of macromolecules and the alteration of signaling pathways. Reactive species and redox signaling are involved in both the immunological and the adult stem cell regeneration processes. It is then conceivable that redox balance may finely regulate the immune response in the HPC niche, modulating the regeneration process and the immune activity of HPCs. In this perspective article, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of reactive species in the regulation of hepatic immunity, suggesting future research directions for the study of redox signaling on the immunomodulatory properties of HPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Center for Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Francesco Bellanti,
| | - Giuseppe Pannone
- Institute of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Nicola Tartaglia
- Institute of General Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Center for Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Capurso C, Bellanti F, Lo Buglio A, Vendemiale G. The Mediterranean Diet Slows Down the Progression of Aging and Helps to Prevent the Onset of Frailty: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2019; 12:nu12010035. [PMID: 31877702 PMCID: PMC7019245 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aging population is rapidly increasing all over the world. This results in significant implications for the planning and provision of health and social care. Aging is physiologically characterized by a decrease in lean mass, bone mineral density and, to a lesser extent, fat mass. The onset of sarcopenia leads to weakness and a further decrease in physical activity. An insufficient protein intake, which we often observe in patients of advanced age, certainly accelerates the progression of sarcopenia. In addition, many other factors (e.g., insulin resistance, impaired protein digestion and absorption of amino acids) reduce the stimulation of muscle protein synthesis in the elderly, even if the protein intake is adequate. Inadequate intake of foods can also cause micronutrient deficiencies that contribute to the development of frailty. We know that a healthy eating style in middle age predisposes to so-called "healthy and successful" aging, which is the condition of the absence of serious chronic diseases or of an important decline in cognitive or physical functions, or mental health. The Mediterranean diet is recognized to be a "healthy food" dietary pattern; high adherence to this dietary pattern is associated with a lower incidence of chronic diseases and lower physical impairment in old age. The aim of our review was to analyze observational studies (cohort and case-control studies) that investigated the effects of following a healthy diet, and especially the effect of adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MD), on the progression of aging and on onset of frailty.
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Villani R, Navarese EP, Cavallone F, Kubica J, Bellanti F, Facciorusso A, Vendemiale G, Serviddio G. Risk of Statin-Induced Hypertransaminasemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes 2019; 3:131-140. [PMID: 31193835 PMCID: PMC6544559 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of statins compared with placebo on the risk of developing hypertransaminasemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a systematic review of electronic databases and included articles published between January 1, 1965, and April 10, 2017. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing statins vs placebo were included. Odds ratios (ORs) were pooled in random-effect meta-analyses according to established methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. RESULTS Seventy-three eligible RCTs, comprising 123,051 patients, were identified. Statins associated with a significantly risk of hypertransaminasemia (OR 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24-1.69; P<.001). Atorvastatin showed the highest odds (OR 2.66; 95% CI, 1.74-4.06; P<.001) followed by rosuvastatin (OR 1.35; 95% CI, 1.06-1.70; P=.01) and lovastatin (OR 1.53; 95% CI, 1.03-2.28; P=.04). Pravastatin, fluvastatin, and simvastatin yielded no statistically different odds compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS A dose-dependent risk of developing hypertransaminasemia occurs in patients taking atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, and lovastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Villani
- C.U.R.E. (Centro per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Epatopatie), Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Eliano Pio Navarese
- Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Fairfax, Virginia
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Francesco Cavallone
- C.U.R.E. (Centro per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Epatopatie), Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Jacek Kubica
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- C.U.R.E. (Centro per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Epatopatie), Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Facciorusso
- C.U.R.E. (Centro per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Epatopatie), Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- C.U.R.E. (Centro per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Epatopatie), Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- C.U.R.E. (Centro per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Epatopatie), Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
- Correspondence: Address to Gaetano Serviddio, MD, C.U.R.E. (Centro per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Epatopatie), Institute of Internal Medicine, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
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Romano AD, Lo Buglio A, Bellanti F, Villani R, Serviddio G, Vendemiale G. Diagnostic reliability of the procalcitonin serum marker in septic frail patient. Aging Clin Exp Res 2019; 31:727-732. [PMID: 30132205 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-018-1020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Aging is associated with increased inflammation, particularly in frailty. Indeed, such patient presents increased serum inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein and interleukin-6. Interleukin-6 is an important stimulating factor for the production of procalcitonin. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic reliability of serum PCT in the diagnosis of sepsis in frail elderly patients. METHODS Using Fried's criteria for frailty, 140 older patients hospitalized for any cause were consecutively enrolled and divided in two groups: no-frail (60 patients) and frail (80 patients). Patients were further categorized on the basis of the presence/absence of sepsis. Interleukin-6, procalcitonin and inflammatory indices were sampled at hospital admission. RESULTS Septic patients from frail and no-frail groups showed higher values of interleukin-6 and procalcitonin. However, focusing on groups without sepsis, a statistically significant difference of interleukin-6 and procalcitonin values among frail and no-frail groups was seen at the post-hoc analysis. In frail group, procalcitonin cut-off of 0.5 ng/ml had a sensibility and specificity, respectively, of 100 and 22%. Through receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, we found that procalcitonin serum value of 1.4 ng/ml had better sensibility and specificity (respectively, 93.8 and 84.4%, AUC 0.965). CONCLUSIONS In our study, we confirm the diagnostic reliability of procalcitonin in frail elderly patients for the diagnosis of sepsis. We found that 1.4 ng/ml was the best cut-off in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Davide Romano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Ce.R.M.I.-Centre for Aging Research, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71121, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Aurelio Lo Buglio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Ce.R.M.I.-Centre for Aging Research, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71121, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Ce.R.M.I.-Centre for Aging Research, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71121, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Villani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Ce.R.M.I.-Centre for Aging Research, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71121, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Ce.R.M.I.-Centre for Aging Research, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71121, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Ce.R.M.I.-Centre for Aging Research, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71121, Foggia, Italy
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Lo Buglio A, Bellanti F, Capurso C, Paglia A, Vendemiale G. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet, Malnutrition, Length of Stay and Mortality in Elderly Patients Hospitalized in Internal Medicine Wards. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040790. [PMID: 30959815 PMCID: PMC6520862 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
: This investigation aimed to explore the adherence to a Mediterranean Diet and its relationship with length of stay and in-hospital mortality, circulating interleukins, body composition, and frailty, in elderly patients hospitalized in internal medicine wards. Thus, a cross-sectional study in 194 acute hospitalized, community-dwelling elderly patients was performed. Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet was evaluated by the Italian Mediterranean Index (IMI). Length of stay, but not in-hospital mortality rate, was higher in patients with a low IMI score, as compared to subjects with high IMI score. Markers of systemic inflammation, as well as circulating interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha, were higher in patients with a low IMI score, with respect to patients with high IMI score. Furthermore, patients with low IMI score had increased fat mass and reduced lean mass, together with a higher prevalence of frailty, as compared to those presenting with high IMI score. In a multivariate logistic regression model, an IMI score < 3 resulted as an independent predictor of longer length of stay. In conclusion, low adherence to a Mediterranean Diet in elderly patients hospitalized in internal medicine wards is associated with higher length of stay and related to unfavorable changes in circulating pro-inflammatory markers and body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio Lo Buglio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Cristiano Capurso
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Paglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
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di Bello G, Vendemiale G, Bellanti F. Redox cell signaling and hepatic progenitor cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2018; 97:546-556. [PMID: 30278988 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic diseases are widespread in the world and organ transplantation is currently the only treatment for liver failure. New cell-based approaches have been considered, since stem cells may represent a possible source to treat liver diseases. Acute and chronic liver diseases are characterized by high production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, with consequent oxidative modifications of cellular macromolecules and alteration of signaling pathways, metabolism and cell cycle. Although considered harmful molecules, reactive species are involved in cell growth and differentiation processes, modulating the activity of transcription factors, which take part in stemness/proliferation. It is conceivable that redox balance may regulate the development of hepatic progenitor cells, function and survival in synchrony with metabolism during chronic liver diseases. This review aims to summarize diverse redox-sensitive signaling pathways involved in stem cell fate, highlighting the important role of hepatic progenitor cells as a possible source to treat end-stage liver disease for organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia di Bello
- Centre for Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Centre for Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Centre for Experimental and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy.
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Bellanti F, Villani R, Tamborra R, Blonda M, Iannelli G, di Bello G, Facciorusso A, Poli G, Iuliano L, Avolio C, Vendemiale G, Serviddio G. Synergistic interaction of fatty acids and oxysterols impairs mitochondrial function and limits liver adaptation during nafld progression. Redox Biol 2018; 15:86-96. [PMID: 29220698 PMCID: PMC5725223 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The complete mechanism accounting for the progression from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been elucidated. Lipotoxicity refers to cellular injury caused by hepatic free fatty acids (FFAs) and cholesterol accumulation. Excess cholesterol autoxidizes to oxysterols during oxidative stress conditions. We hypothesize that interaction of FAs and cholesterol derivatives may primarily impair mitochondrial function and affect biogenesis adaptation during NAFLD progression. We demonstrated that the accumulation of specific non-enzymatic oxysterols in the liver of animals fed high-fat+high-cholesterol diet induces mitochondrial damage and depletion of proteins of the respiratory chain complexes. When tested in vitro, 5α-cholestane-3β,5,6β-triol (triol) combined to FFAs was able to reduce respiration in isolated liver mitochondria, induced apoptosis in primary hepatocytes, and down-regulated transcription factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. Finally, a lower protein content in the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes was observed in human non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. In conclusion, hepatic accumulation of FFAs and non-enzymatic oxysterols synergistically facilitates development and progression of NAFLD by impairing mitochondrial function, energy balance and biogenesis adaptation to chronic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Villani
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Tamborra
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Blonda
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; Institute of Neurology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Iannelli
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giorgia di Bello
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Facciorusso
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Poli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino at San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Luigi Iuliano
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Mass Spectrometry, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Carlo Avolio
- Institute of Neurology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
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Bellanti F, Romano AD, Lo Buglio A, Castriotta V, Guglielmi G, Greco A, Serviddio G, Vendemiale G. Oxidative stress is increased in sarcopenia and associated with cardiovascular disease risk in sarcopenic obesity. Maturitas 2018; 109:6-12. [PMID: 29452783 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To define whether circulating markers of oxidative stress correlate with sarcopenia in terms of glutathione balance and oxidative protein damage, and whether these biomarkers are associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). STUDY DESIGN Population-based cross-sectional study. 115 out of 347 elderly subjects were classified as non-sarcopenic non-obese (NS-NO), sarcopenic non-obese (S-NO), non-sarcopenic obese (NS-O), and sarcopenic obese (S-O). MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Sarcopenia was defined as a relative skeletal muscle mass index (RASM) <7.25kg/m2 for men or <5.67kg/m2 for women, while obesity was diagnosed in those presenting with% fat >27 for men or >38 for women. The CVD risk was estimated by the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and the Framingham score. Blood reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), plasma malondialdehyde-(MDA) and 4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal-(HNE) protein adducts were analyzed. RESULTS Significantly greater blood GSSG/GSH ratio and plasma MDA/HNE protein adducts were observed in sarcopenic than in non-sarcopenic patients. A logistic regression model showed a close relationship between serum HNE and MDA adducts and sarcopenia (OR=1.133, 95% CI 1.057-1.215, and OR=1.592, 95% CI 1.015-1.991, respectively). Linear and logistic regression analysis evidenced strong associations between the IMT or the Framingham CVD risk category and blood GSSG/GSH or serum HNE protein adducts in the S-O group. CONCLUSION Circulating markers of oxidative stress are increased in sarcopenia and related to CVD risk in sarcopenic obesity, suggesting that redox balance analysis would be a useful part of a multidimensional evaluation in aging. Further research is encouraged to support interventional strategies to correct redox imbalance, which might contribute to the prevention or at least limitation of sarcopenia and its co-morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy.
| | - Antonino D Romano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Aurelio Lo Buglio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Valeria Castriotta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy; IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Guglielmi
- IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Italy
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Scuderi C, Bronzuoli MR, Facchinetti R, Pace L, Ferraro L, Broad KD, Serviddio G, Bellanti F, Palombelli G, Carpinelli G, Canese R, Gaetani S, Steardo L, Steardo L, Cassano T. Ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide rescues learning and memory impairments in a triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease by exerting anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:32. [PMID: 29382825 PMCID: PMC5802581 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-017-0076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In an aging society, Alzheimer's disease (AD) exerts an increasingly serious health and economic burden. Current treatments provide inadequate symptomatic relief as several distinct pathological processes are thought to underlie the decline of cognitive and neural function seen in AD. This suggests that the efficacy of treatment requires a multitargeted approach. In this context, palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) provides a novel potential adjunct therapy that can be incorporated into a multitargeted treatment strategy. We used young (6-month-old) and adult (12-month-old) 3×Tg-AD mice that received ultramicronized PEA (um-PEA) for 3 months via a subcutaneous delivery system. Mice were tested with a range of cognitive and noncognitive tasks, scanned with magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRI/MRS), and neurochemical release was assessed by microdialysis. Potential neuropathological mechanisms were assessed postmortem by western blot, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and immunofluorescence. Our data demonstrate that um-PEA improves learning and memory, and ameliorates both the depressive and anhedonia-like phenotype of 3×Tg-AD mice. Moreover, it reduces Aβ formation, the phosphorylation of tau proteins, and promotes neuronal survival in the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus. Finally, um-PEA normalizes astrocytic function, rebalances glutamatergic transmission, and restrains neuroinflammation. The efficacy of um-PEA is particularly potent in younger mice, suggesting its potential as an early treatment. These data demonstrate that um-PEA is a novel and effective promising treatment for AD with the potential to be integrated into a multitargeted treatment strategy in combination with other drugs. Um-PEA is already registered for human use. This, in combination with our data, suggests the potential to rapidly proceed to clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Scuderi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rosanna Bronzuoli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Facchinetti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pace
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luca Ferraro
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Kevin Donald Broad
- UCL Institute of Opthalmology, University College, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianmauro Palombelli
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Carpinelli
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Canese
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvana Gaetani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Steardo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Steardo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "V. Erspamer", SAPIENZA University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bellanti
- Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Bellanti F, Villani R, Facciorusso A, Vendemiale G, Serviddio G. Lipid oxidation products in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 111:173-185. [PMID: 28109892 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the major public health challenge for hepatologists in the twenty-first century. NAFLD comprises a histological spectrum ranging from simple steatosis or fatty liver, to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. It can be categorized into two principal phenotypes: (1) non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), and (2) non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The mechanisms of NAFLD progression consist of lipid homeostasis alterations, redox unbalance, insulin resistance, and inflammation in the liver. Even though several studies show an association between the levels of lipid oxidation products and disease state, experimental evidence suggests that compounds such as reactive aldehydes and cholesterol oxidation products, in addition to representing hallmarks of hepatic oxidative damage, may behave as active players in liver dysfunction and the development of NAFLD. This review summarizes the processes that contribute to the metabolic alterations occurring in fatty liver that produce fatty acid and cholesterol oxidation products in NAFLD, with a focus on inflammation, the control of insulin signalling, and the transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Rosanna Villani
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Antonio Facciorusso
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia 71122, Italy.
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Facciorusso A, Bellanti F, Villani R, Salvatore V, Muscatiello N, Piscaglia F, Vendemiale G, Serviddio G. Transarterial chemoembolization vs bland embolization in hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis of randomized trials. United European Gastroenterol J 2017; 5:511-518. [PMID: 28588882 PMCID: PMC5446148 DOI: 10.1177/2050640616673516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although transarterial chemoembolization is considered the standard of care for intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma patients, robust data in favor of a clear superiority of chemoembolization (with chemotherapy injection) over bland embolization are lacking. OBJECTIVE The objective of this article is to systematically analyze the results provided by randomized controlled trials comparing these two treatments in hepatocarcinoma patients. METHODS A computerized bibliographic search on the main databases was performed. Survival rates assessed at one, two, and three years, objective response, one-year progression-free survival, and severe adverse event rate were analyzed. Comparisons were performed by using the Mantel-Haenszel test in cases of low heterogeneity or DerSimonian and Laird test in cases of high heterogeneity. RESULTS Six trials with 676 patients were included. No difference in one-year (risk ratio: 0.93, 0.85-1.03, p = 0.16), two-year (risk ratio: 0.88, 0.74-1.06, p = 0.18) and three-year survival (risk ratio: 0.97, 0.74-1.27, p = 0.81) was observed. Objective response and one-year progression-free survival showed no significant difference between the two treatments (p = 0.36 and p = 0.40, respectively). A statistically significant increase in severe toxicity after chemoembolization was found (risk ratio: 1.44, 1.08-1.92, p = 0.01), although this result could be affected by the heterogeneity of techniques adopted. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis demonstrates a non-superiority of transarterial chemoembolization with respect to bland embolization in hepatocarcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Facciorusso
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Villani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Veronica Salvatore
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Internal Medicine Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Muscatiello
- Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Internal Medicine Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- Gaetano Serviddio, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale L. Pinto, 1, 71100 Foggia, Italy.
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Bellanti F, Iannelli G, Blonda M, Tamborra R, Villani R, Romano A, Calcagnini S, Mazzoccoli G, Vinciguerra M, Gaetani S, Giudetti AM, Vendemiale G, Cassano T, Serviddio G. Alterations of Clock Gene RNA Expression in Brain Regions of a Triple Transgenic Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 59:615-631. [PMID: 28671110 PMCID: PMC5523844 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A disruption to circadian rhythmicity and the sleep/wake cycle constitutes a major feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The maintenance of circadian rhythmicity is regulated by endogenous clock genes and a number of external Zeitgebers, including light. This study investigated the light induced changes in the expression of clock genes in a triple transgenic model of AD (3×Tg-AD) and their wild type littermates (Non-Tg). Changes in gene expression were evaluated in four brain areas¾suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), hippocampus, frontal cortex and brainstem¾of 6- and 18-month-old Non-Tg and 3×Tg-AD mice after 12 h exposure to light or darkness. Light exposure exerted significant effects on clock gene expression in the SCN, the site of the major circadian pacemaker. These patterns of expression were disrupted in 3×Tg-AD and in 18-month-old compared with 6-month-old Non-Tg mice. In other brain areas, age rather than genotype affected gene expression; the effect of genotype was observed on hippocampal Sirt1 expression, while it modified the expression of genes regulating the negative feedback loop as well as Rorα, Csnk1ɛ and Sirt1 in the brainstem. In conclusion, during the early development of AD, there is a disruption to the normal expression of genes regulating circadian function after exposure to light, particularly in the SCN but also in extra-hypothalamic brain areas supporting circadian regulation, suggesting a severe impairment of functioning of the clock gene pathway. Even though this study did not demonstrate a direct association between these alterations in clock gene expression among brain areas with the cognitive impairments and chrono-disruption that characterize the early onset of AD, our novel results encourage further investigation aimed at testing this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Iannelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Blonda
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Tamborra
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Villani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Adele Romano
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvio Calcagnini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Italy
| | - Silvana Gaetani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Giudetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Italy
- Correspondence to: Tommaso Cassano, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, c/o Ospedali Riuniti, 71122 Foggia, Italy. Tel.: +39 0881 588042; Fax: +39 0881 188 0432; E-mail:
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Villani R, Facciorusso A, Bellanti F, Tamborra R, Piscazzi A, Landriscina M, Vendemiale G, Serviddio G. DAAs Rapidly Reduce Inflammation but Increase Serum VEGF Level: A Rationale for Tumor Risk during Anti-HCV Treatment. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167934. [PMID: 27997563 PMCID: PMC5172554 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have completely changed the panorama of hepatitis C due to their high efficacy and optimal safety profile. Unfortunately, an unexpectedly high rate of early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma has been reported within weeks of starting treatment, but the mechanism is not known. METHODS We monitored the serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and changes in the pattern of circulating interleukins in 103 chronic hepatitis C patients during antiviral treatment with DAA-regimens. VEGF, epidermal growth factor (EGF), and several interleukins were assessed at baseline, during treatment, and after treatment. The biological effect of DAA-treated patient serum on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation was also confirmed. RESULTS After 4 weeks of therapy, VEGF increased approximately 4-fold compared to baseline, remained elevated up to the end of treatment, and returned to the pre-treatment level after the end of therapy. In contrast, interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha significantly decreased during therapy, which was coincident with HCV clearance. The levels of both remained low after treatment. The addition of serum from patients collected during therapy induced HUVEC proliferation; however, this disappeared after the end of therapy. CONCLUSIONS DAA administration induces an early increase in serum VEGF and a change in the inflammatory pattern, coinciding with HCV clearance. This may alter the balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes and modify the antitumor surveillance of the host. Fortunately, such modifications return reverse to normal after the end of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Villani
- C.U.R.E. (Centro per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Epatopatie), Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Facciorusso
- C.U.R.E. (Centro per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Epatopatie), Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- C.U.R.E. (Centro per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Epatopatie), Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Tamborra
- C.U.R.E. (Centro per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Epatopatie), Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Piscazzi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- C.U.R.E. (Centro per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Epatopatie), Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- C.U.R.E. (Centro per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Epatopatie), Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Serviddio G, Bellanti F, Villani R, Tamborra R, Zerbinati C, Blonda M, Ciacciarelli M, Poli G, Vendemiale G, Iuliano L. Effects of dietary fatty acids and cholesterol excess on liver injury: A lipidomic approach. Redox Biol 2016; 9:296-305. [PMID: 27639112 PMCID: PMC5026694 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid accumulation is the hallmark of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and has been suggested to play a role in promoting fatty liver inflammation. Previous findings indicate that during oxidative stress conditions excess cholesterol autoxidizes to oxysterols. To date, the role of oxysterols and their potential interaction with fatty acids accumulation in NASH pathogenesis remains little investigated. We used the nutritional model of high fatty acids (HFA), high cholesterol (HCh) or high fat and high cholesterol (HFA+FCh) diets and explored by a lipidomic approach, the blood and liver distribution of fatty acids and oxysterols in response to dietary manipulation. We observed that HFA or HCh diets induced fatty liver without inflammation, which was otherwise observed only after supplementation of HFA+HCh. Very interestingly, the combination model was associated with a specific oxysterol fingerprint. The present work provides a complete analysis of the change in lipids and oxysterols profile induced by different lipid dietary model and their association with histological alteration of the liver. This study allows the generation of interesting hypotheses on the role of interaction of lipid and cholesterol metabolites in the liver injury during NAFLD development and progression. Moreover, the changes in the concentration and quality of oxysterols induced by a combination diet suggest a novel potential pathogenic mechanism in the progression from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Serviddio
- CURE University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- CURE University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Villani
- CURE University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Tamborra
- CURE University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Chiara Zerbinati
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Mass Spectrometry, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Maria Blonda
- CURE University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Marco Ciacciarelli
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Mass Spectrometry, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Poli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino at San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Torino, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- CURE University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigi Iuliano
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Mass Spectrometry, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy
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Bellanti F, Mirabella L, Mitarotonda D, Blonda M, Tamborra R, Cinnella G, Fersini A, Ambrosi A, Dambrosio M, Vendemiale G, Serviddio G. Propofol but not sevoflurane prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress by limiting HIF-1α activation in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 96:323-33. [PMID: 27154980 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative stress during reperfusion are determinant in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury but may be impacted by different anesthetic agents. Thus, we aimed at comparing the effects of inhaled sevoflurane or intravenous propofol anesthesia on liver mitochondria in a rodent model of hepatic I/R injury. To this, male Wistar rats underwent I/R surgery using sevoflurane or propofol. In the I/R model, propofol limited the raise in serum aminotransferase levels as compared to sevoflurane. Mitochondrial oxygen uptake, respiratory activity, membrane potential and proton leak were altered in I/R; however, this impairment was significantly prevented by propofol but not sevoflurane. In addition, differently from sevoflurane, propofol limited hepatic I/R-induced mitochondria H2O2 production rate, free radical leak and hydroxynonenal-protein adducts levels. The I/R group anesthetized with propofol also showed a better recovery of hepatic ATP homeostasis and conserved integrity of mitochondrial PTP. Moreover, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) expression was limited in such group. By using a cell model of desferoxamine-dependent HIF activation, we demonstrated that propofol was able to inhibit apoptosis and mitochondrial depolarization associated to HIF-1α action. In conclusion, hepatic I/R injury induces mitochondrial dysfunction that is not prevented by inhaled sevoflurane. On the contrary, propofol reduces liver damage and mitochondrial dysfunction by preserving respiratory activity, membrane potential and energy homeostasis, and limiting free radicals production as well as PTP opening. These hepatoprotective effects may involve the inhibition of HIF-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Lucia Mirabella
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Domenica Mitarotonda
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Blonda
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Tamborra
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gilda Cinnella
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Alberto Fersini
- Department of General Surgery, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Ambrosi
- Department of General Surgery, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Michele Dambrosio
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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Cormio L, Di Fino G, Scavone C, Maroscia D, Mancini V, Ruocco N, Bellanti F, Selvaggio O, Sanguedolce F, Lucarelli G, Carrieri G. Prognostic Factors for Anastomotic Urinary Leakage Following Retropubic Radical Prostatectomy and Correlation With Voiding Outcomes. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3475. [PMID: 27100451 PMCID: PMC4845855 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the occurrence and grade of cystographically detected urinary leakage (UL) in a contemporary series of open retropubic radical prostatectomy (RP), whether patients' clinical variables predict occurrence of UL, and whether occurrence of UL correlates with patients' voiding outcomes in terms of urinary continence and anastomotic stricture (AS). Enrolled patients underwent cystography 7 days after retropubic RP; in case of UL, the catheter was left in situ and cystography repeated at 7 days intervals until demonstrating absence of UL. Leakage was classified as grade I = extraperitoneal leak <6 cm, grade II = extraperitoneal leak >6 cm, grade III = leak freely extending in the small pelvis. Voiding was evaluated at 3, 6, and 12 months after RP using the 24-hour pad test and uroflowmetry; in cases of maximum flow rate <10 mL/s, urethrocystoscopy was carried out to determine presence and location of an AS. The first postoperative cystogram showed UL in 52.6% of patients (grade I in 48.1%, grade II in 21.5%, and grade III in 30.4% of the cases). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that patients with UL had significantly greater prostate volume (64.5 vs 34.8 cc, P < 0.001), loss of serum hemoglobin (4.77 vs 4.19 g/dL, P < 0.001), lower postoperative serum total proteins (4.85 vs 5.4 g/dL, P < 0.001), and higher rate of AS (20.6% vs. 2.8%, p < 0.001) than those without UL. Continence rate at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively was 34.2%, 76%, and 90%, respectively, in patients with UL compared with 77.5%, 80.3%, and 93% in patients without UL; such difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001) only at 3 months follow-up. ROC curve analysis showed that prostate volume and postoperative serum total proteins had the best AUC (0.821 and 0.822, respectively) and when combined, their positive and negative predictive values for UL were 90% and 93%, respectively. In conclusion, half of the patients undergoing open retropubic RP may present, 7 days postoperatively, some degree of cystographically detected UL; prostate volume, loss of serum hemoglobin, and postoperative serum total proteins could be used to predict it. UL delayed return to urinary continence without affecting long-term results, but led to a significantly higher rate of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Cormio
- From the Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation (LC, GDF, VM, NR, OS, GC), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Department of Radiology (CS, DM), San Carlo Hospital, Potenza, Italy; Department of Pathology (FS), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; Department of Internal Medicine (FB), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy; and Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (GL), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Facciorusso A, Villani R, Bellanti F, Mitarotonda D, Vendemiale G, Serviddio G. Mitochondrial Signaling and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. Curr Pharm Des 2016; 22:2689-96. [PMID: 26861645 DOI: 10.2174/1381612822666160209153624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma is complex and implies a multistep process involving different genetic and epigenetic alterations, as well as altered molecular pathways. Among these features, oxidative stress and mitochondria dysfunction represent an important trigger to hepatocarcinogenesis regardless of underlying liver disease etiology. An important part of the actual cancer research is focused on the molecular mechanisms and the signaling pathways involved in the process of so called "mitochondrial malignancy". METHOD Aim of this review is to summarize the main molecular mechanisms and the pathological consequences of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in liver cancer. Furthermore, an up-to-date insight in therapeutic implications of the aforementioned processes is consistently developed. A literature search was conducted using PubMed until October 2015, based on English language journals. RESULTS Mitochondrial dysfunction may dramatically alter cell growth and proliferation by means of several "retrograde" mitochondria-nucleus signaling pathways, all of which have been shown to play a significant role in hepatocarcinogenesis. Nuclear oncogenes and tumor suppressors alike regulate mitochondrial turnover and function in a thick cross-talk whose role is fundamental in human oncology. CONCLUSION The current knowledge on the role of mitochondrial signaling and oxidative stress in hepatocarcinogenesis seems to support the use of antioxidant agents in hepatocarcinoma patients, for instance in the adjuvant setting after radical treatments where their favorable cost-effective and safety profile may enable long-terms therapies aimed at preventing tumor recurrence. Data from randomized-controlled trials are warranted in order to confirm these promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gaetano Serviddio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Foggia, Viale Luigi Pinto, 1, 71100 Foggia-Italy.
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Bellanti F, Lauletta G, Villani R, Lipsi MR, Natalicchio MI, Sansonno D, Vendemiale G, Serviddio G. Combined Effects of 2 Interleukin 28B Polymorphisms on the Therapeutic Outcome of Hepatitis C Patients With Circulating Cryoglobulins. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1409. [PMID: 26334898 PMCID: PMC4616511 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C is commonly associated with extrahepatic manifestations. Cryoglobulins are observed in 40% to 60% of such patients and their presence seems to modify response to therapy. The new antivirals are greatly improving the sustained virological response (SVR); however, their high cost limits the use, leaving pegylated interferon plus ribavirin (PR) still the standard-of-care therapy worldwide. Since PR therapy is burdened with several side effects, pretreatment predictions of patients who are unlikely to respond to this regimen may avoid ineffective treatment. Variants of the interleukin-28B (IL28B) gene correlate with an SVR to PR, and combined IL28B polymorphisms may improve the prediction of treatment outcome.The potential role of both rs8099917 and rs12979860 IL28B single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) combined with presence of cryoglobulins in predicting SVR to PR in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-chronically infected patients was analyzed in the present study.Single and combined IL28B SNPs (rs12979860 and rs8099917) were analyzed in 64 chronic HCV patients treated with PR showing circulating cryoglobulins and compared to 108 noncryoglobulinemic subjects to verify the predictive value on the SVR.The association of rs12979860CC or rs8099917TT with SVR was confirmed in the noncryoglobulinemic group but not in cryoglobulinemic patients. Moreover, the combined determination of both SNPs improved the prediction of SVR in noncryoglobulinemic patients but not in the cryoglobulinemic subgroup.We report that both single and combined determination of IL28B rs12979860 and rs8099917 SNPs in chronic HCV patients with circulating cryoglobulins treated with PR may have a reduced predictive value of SVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- From the Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy (FB, RV, GV, GS); Liver Unit, Division of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy (GL, DS); and Department of Clinical Pathology, II Laboratory, Section of Cytogenetic and Molecular Biology, University Hospital "Ospedali Riuniti", Foggia, Italy (MRL, MIN)
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Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic hepatic disorder affecting up to 25% of the general population. Several intracellular events leading to NAFLD and progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have been identified, including lipid accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Emerging evidence has suggested the cooperation of both hepatic free fatty acids (FFAs) and cholesterol (FC) accumulation in NAFLD development. Oxysterols, oxidized derivatives of cholesterol were reported as activating ligands of Liver X Receptors. Interestingly, serum levels of agonist oxysterols such as 25-HC and 27-HC are significantly increased in NAFLD patients. By contrast, 22-s- HC is considered an antagonist ligand of LXRα. 22-s-Hc down-regulated expression of the FAS gene through an LXRE located in the promoter and abolished the effect of the synthetic LXRα agonist. In addition it has been reported that 22-s-HC attenuated hepatic steatogenesis in a mouse model of high-fat-induced fatty liver. Very recently, it has been demonstrated that the inhibition of LXRα by 22-s-HC dramatically represses steatosis and HIF-1 mediated activation of MCP-1 in ethanol-induced fatty liver injury in hepatocytes as well as in Kupferr cells. Our data demonstrated that High fat diet (HF) caused liver steatosis while an atherogenic diet (ATH) diet induced hepatocellular ballooning, but only the Ath+HF diet resulted in steatohepatitis with associated mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired mitochondriogenesis. We identified in the the oxysterol cholestane-3beta,5alpha,6beta-triol (Triol) the molecule able to impair mitochondrial respiration and mitochondriogenesis by down-regulation of PGC1-alpha, mTFA and NRF1 signal. It seems that the role of oxysterols in the pathogenesis of human diseases, particularly in fat induced injury, should take into account the possible disruption of the balance between activation and inhibition of LXR signalling. Development of LXRα that specifically control inflammation and hepatic lipogenesis may provide novel therapeutics that block the development and progression of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Serviddio
- Centro Universitario per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Malattie Epatiche (C.U.R.E.), Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Centro Universitario per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Malattie Epatiche (C.U.R.E.), Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Centro Universitario per la Ricerca e la Cura delle Malattie Epatiche (C.U.R.E.), Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Foggia, Italy
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Bellanti F, Mitarotonda D, Tamborra R, Blonda M, Iannelli G, Petrella A, Sanginario V, Iuliano L, Vendemiale G, Serviddio G. Oxysterols induce mitochondrial impairment and hepatocellular toxicity in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 75 Suppl 1:S16-7. [PMID: 26461297 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.10.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic hepatic disorder affecting up to 25% of the general population. Several intracellular events leading to NAFLD and progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have been identified, including lipid accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Emerging evidence links both hepatic free fatty acids (FFAs) and cholesterol (FC) accumulation in NAFLD development; in particular oxysterols, the oxidative products of cholesterol, may contribute to liver injury. We performed a targeted lipidomic analysis of oxysterols in the liver of male Wistar rats fed a high-fat (HF), high-cholesterol (HC) or high-fat/high-cholesterol (HF/HC) diet. Both HF and HC diets caused liver steatosis, but the HF/HC diet resulted in steatohepatitis with associated mitochondrial dysfunction. Above all, the oxysterol cholestane-3beta,5alpha,6beta-triol (triol) was particularly increased in the liver of rats fed diets rich in cholesterol. To verify the molecular mechanism involved in mitochondrial dysfunction and hepatocellular toxicity, Huh7 and primary rat hepatocytes were exposed to palmitic acid (PA) and/or oleic acid (OA), with or without triol. This compound induced apoptosis in cells co-exposed to both PA and OA, and this was associated with impaired mitochondrial respiration as well as down-regulation of PGC1-alpha, mTFA and NRF1.In conclusion, our data show that hepatic free fatty acid or oxysterols accumulation per se induce low hepatocellular toxicity. On the contrary, hepatic accumulation of both fatty acids and toxic oxysterols such as triol are determinant in the impairment of mitochondrial function and biogenesis, contributing to liver pathology in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bellanti
- University of Foggia (C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Italy
| | - Domenica Mitarotonda
- University of Foggia (C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Italy
| | - Rosanna Tamborra
- University of Foggia (C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Italy
| | - Maria Blonda
- University of Foggia (C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Iannelli
- University of Foggia (C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Italy
| | - Antonio Petrella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico di Puglia e Basilicata (Sede di Foggia), Animal Breeding Department, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Iuliano
- Sapienza University of Rome (Vascular Biology and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory), Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Latina, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- University of Foggia (C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Italy
| | - Gaetano Serviddio
- University of Foggia (C.U.R.E. University Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Italy
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Serviddio G, Bellanti F, Stanca E, Lunetti P, Blonda M, Tamborra R, Siculella L, Vendemiale G, Capobianco L, Giudetti AM. Silybin exerts antioxidant effects and induces mitochondrial biogenesis in liver of rat with secondary biliary cirrhosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 73:117-26. [PMID: 24819445 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of toxic hydrophobic bile acids in hepatocytes, observed during chronic cholestasis, induces substantial modification in the redox state and in mitochondrial functions. Recent reports have suggested a significant role of impaired lipid metabolism in the progression of chronic cholestasis. In this work we report that changes observed in the expression of the lipogenic enzymes acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase were associated with a decrease in the activity of citrate carrier (CIC), a protein of the inner mitochondrial membrane closely related to hepatic lipogenesis. We also verified that the impairment of citrate transport was dependent on modification of the phospholipid composition of the mitochondrial membrane and on cardiolipin oxidation. Silybin, an extract of silymarin with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, prevented mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cardiolipin oxidation, and CIC failure in cirrhotic livers but did not affect the expression of lipogenic enzymes. Moreover, supplementation of silybin was also associated with mitochondrial biogenesis. In conclusion, we demonstrate that chronic cholestasis induces cardiolipin oxidation that in turn impairs mitochondrial function and further promotes ROS production. The capacity of silybin to limit mitochondrial failure is part of its hepatoprotective property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Serviddio
- Centro CURE, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Centro CURE, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Stanca
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Paola Lunetti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Blonda
- Centro CURE, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosanna Tamborra
- Centro CURE, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luisa Siculella
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- Centro CURE, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Loredana Capobianco
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Giudetti
- Centro CURE, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
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48
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Serviddio G, Bellanti F, Vendemiale G. Free radical biology for medicine: learning from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:952-968. [PMID: 23994574 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.08.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species, when released under controlled conditions and limited amounts, contribute to cellular proliferation, senescence, and survival by acting as signaling intermediates. In past decades there has been an epidemic diffusion of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that represents the result of the impairment of lipid metabolism, redox imbalance, and insulin resistance in the liver. To date, most studies and reviews have been focused on the molecular mechanisms by which fatty liver progresses to steatohepatitis, but the processes leading toward the development of hepatic steatosis in NAFLD are not fully understood yet. Several nuclear receptors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) α/γ/δ, PPARγ coactivators 1α and 1β, sterol-regulatory element-binding proteins, AMP-activated protein kinase, liver-X-receptors, and farnesoid-X-receptor, play key roles in the regulation of lipid homeostasis during the pathogenesis of NAFLD. These nuclear receptors may act as redox sensors and may modulate various metabolic pathways in response to specific molecules that act as ligands. It is conceivable that a redox-dependent modulation of lipid metabolism, nuclear receptor-mediated, could cause the development of hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance. Thus, this network may represent a potential therapeutic target for the treatment and prevention of hepatic steatosis and its progression to steatohepatitis. This review summarizes the redox-dependent factors that contribute to metabolism alterations in fatty liver with a focus on the redox control of nuclear receptors in normal liver as well as in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Serviddio
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Vendemiale
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Disease Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
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49
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Stanca E, Serviddio G, Bellanti F, Vendemiale G, Siculella L, Giudetti AM. Down-regulation of LPCAT expression increases platelet-activating factor level in cirrhotic rat liver: potential antiinflammatory effect of silybin. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013; 1832:2019-26. [PMID: 23851051 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cholestasis is one of the major causes of liver diseases. A chronic accumulation of toxic bile acids in the liver, which occurs in this condition, can induce fibrosis and cirrhosis. Inflammation is a fundamental component of acute and chronic cholestatic liver injury. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a proinflammatory lipid which may be generated by two independent pathways called the de novo and remodeling pathway being the last responsible for the synthesis of PAF during inflammation. In recent years a key role in PAF remodeling has been attributed to lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT) enzymes. Although the knowledge on their characteristic is growing, the exact mechanism of LPCAT in pathological conditions remains still unknown. Here, we reported that the level of lyso-PAF and PAF significantly increased in the liver of cirrhotic vs. control rats together with a significant decrease in both mRNA abundance and protein level of both LPCAT1 and LPCAT2. Acyltransferase activities of both LPCAT1 and LPCAT2 were parallel decreased in the liver of cirrhotic animals. Interestingly, treatment with silybin strongly decreased the level of both pro-inflammatory lipids and restored the activity and expression of both LPCAT1 and LPCAT2 of cirrhotic liver. Silybin effect was specific for LPCAT1 and LPCAT2 since it did not affect LPCAT3 mRNA abundance of cirrhotic liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Stanca
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
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50
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Serviddio G, Blonda M, Bellanti F, Villani R, Iuliano L, Vendemiale G. Oxysterols and redox signaling in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Free Radic Res 2013; 47:881-93. [PMID: 24000796 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.835048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxysterols are oxidized species of cholesterol coming from exogenous (e.g. dietary) and endogenous (in vivo) sources. They play critical roles in normal physiologic functions such as regulation of cellular cholesterol homeostasis. Most of biological effects are mediated by interaction with nuclear receptor LXRα, highly expressed in the liver as well as in many other tissues. Such interaction participates in the regulation of whole-body cholesterol metabolism, by acting as "lipid sensors". Moreover, it seems that oxysterols are also suspected to play key roles in several pathologies, including cardiovascular and inflammatory disease, cancer, and neurodegeneration. Growing evidence suggests that oxysterols may contribute to liver injury in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The present review focuses on the current status of knowledge on oxysterols' biological role, with an emphasis on LXR signaling and oxysterols' physiopathological relevance in NAFLD, suggesting new pharmacological development that needs to be addressed in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Serviddio
- C.U.R.E. Centre for Liver Diseases Research and Treatment, Institute of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia , Italy
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