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Kim HY, Cho BD, Chang WK, Kim DJ, Kim YB, Park CK, Shin HS, Yoo JY. Helicobacter pylori infection and the risk of gastric cancer among the Korean population. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1997; 12:100-3. [PMID: 9083909 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.1997.tb00391.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection has been associated with chronic atrophic gastritis, a precursor of gastric cancer. We conducted a prospective, case-controlled study to investigate whether H. pylori infection increases the risk of gastric cancer in Korean people with a high risk of gastric cancer. We enrolled 160 gastric cancer patients who were confirmed by endoscopic biopsy during 1994 and 160 age-matched control subjects with non-ulcer dyspepsia were compared to document the relationship between H. pylori infection and gastric cancer. The presence of H. pylori infection was determined by the rapid urease test and/or histology by Wright-Giemsa staining. The overall presence of H. pylori infection was 60% in gastric cancer patients and 51.9% in age-matched control subjects (odds ratio 1.39; 95% confidence interval 0.894-2.17; P = 0.143). Carcinomas of cardia, body and antrum were not associated with H. pylori infection (odds ratio 1.43, 1.69 and 1.29, respectively; 95% confidence interval, 0.271-7.52, 0.787-3.62 and 0.689-2.43, respectively; P = 0.178, 0.177 and 0.642, respectively) nor was the intestinal or diffuse type of cancer (odds ratio 1.39 and 1.40, respectively; 95% confidence interval 0.791-2.45 and 0.681-2.87, respectively; P = 0.250 and 0.835, respectively). Gender was not a risk for gastric cancer. In contrast to previous studies, these results do not provide evidence of H. pylori infection for gastric carcinogenesis in Korea.
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427
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Kim DJ, Ahn B, Han BS, Tsuda H. Potential preventive effects of Chelidonium majis L. (Papaveraceae) herb extract on glandular stomach tumor development in rats treated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and hypertonic sodium chloride. Cancer Lett 1997; 112:203-8. [PMID: 9066729 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(96)04571-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The modifying effects of Chelidonium majis L. (Papaveraceae) herb extract (CH), an analgesic traditionally prescribed for gastric and duodenal ulcer patients, on gastric tumor development were studied in rats given N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). Sixty-four male 6-week-old Wistar rats were used. Group 1 rats were initially given MNNG (200 mg/kg b.w.) by gavage at days 0 and 14 as well as saturated sodium chloride solution (S-NaCl, 1 ml per rat) every 3 days during weeks 0-3 (six times), and then placed on basal diet containing 0.1 or 0.2% CH for 16 weeks from week 4. Rats of Group 2 and 3 were treated with MNNG together with S-NaCl or saline (0.9% NaCl, 1 ml per rat), respectively, timed as in Group 1 but without further treatment. All surviving animals were killed at week 20 and histopathologically investigated. In the glandular stomach, the number of preneoplastic pepsinogen 1 altered pyloric glands (PAPGs) in the MNNG + S-NaCl-->CH (0.1%) group (Group 1) was significantly smaller than in the MNNG + S-NaCl group (Group 2) (P < 0.02). The incidences of forestomach neoplastic lesions (papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas) also showed a tendency to decrease with the CH treatment. The results thus indicate that CH exerts inhibitory effects on glandular stomach carcinogenesis in the rat, so that it may have potential as a chemopreventive agent for stomach cancer in man.
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428
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Choi JH, Kim DW, Cho SG, Yoo JH, Jeong DC, Han CW, Shin WS, Min WS, Kim HK, Kim CC, Kim DJ. Pre-emptive ganciclovir treatment can play a role in restoration of hematopoiesis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1997; 19:187-90. [PMID: 9116619 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1700631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We performed pre-emptive ganciclovir therapy on two allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients with myelosuppression associated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigenemia after successful engraftment. During the hypoplastic phase, the nucleated cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood were revealed to be of donor origin by DNA fingerprinting. These two patients had CMV antigen in their peripheral leukocytes. Following the pre-emptive ganciclovir treatment, both of them showed gradual recovery of granulocytes and platelets. They are still alive with stable bone marrow function. From these results, we suppose that infection or reactivation of CMV can suppress bone marrow function after bone marrow transplantation, and the pre-emptive ganciclovir therapy based on the CMV antigenemia may be beneficial if bone marrow function deteriorates after engraftment.
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429
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Strauch B, Ferder M, Lovelle-Allen S, Moore K, Kim DJ, Llena J. Determining the maximal length of a vein conduit used as an interposition graft for nerve regeneration. J Reconstr Microsurg 1996; 12:521-7. [PMID: 8951120 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1006624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Although autogenous veins have been used as nerve conduits (AVNCs) both experimentally and clinically for short nerve gaps up to 3 cm, investigators have not as yet determined the maximal effective length for functional nerve regeneration. In addition, the role of the distal nerve stump on subsequent nerve growth remains unclear. A rabbit peroneal nerve AVNC model was used to study axonal regeneration through nerve gaps of 1 to 6 cm. After allowing ample time for nerve regeneration, clinical, electophysiologic and neurohistologic studies were performed to evaluate nerve growth and functional muscle reinnervation. Comparisons were made with 6-cm conventional nerve grafts. Excellent growth and function were found with AVNCs up to 3 cm in length, with increasing incapacity for regeneration at lengths greater than 3 cm. The distal nerve stump is believed to play a vital role in nerve regrowth.
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430
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Tsuda H, Asamoto M, Iwahori Y, Hori T, Ota T, Baba-Toriyama H, Uehara N, Kim DJ, Krutovskikh VA, Takasuka N, Tsuchiya T, Mutai M, Tatematsu M, Yamasaki H. Decreased connexin32 and a characteristic enzyme phenotype in clofibrate-induced preneoplastic lesions not shared with spontaneously occurring lesions in the rat liver. Carcinogenesis 1996; 17:2441-8. [PMID: 8968061 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/17.11.2441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Two different types of focal preneoplastic lesions, tentatively named Type I and II lesions, were recognized in the liver of rats chronically treated with clofibrate for 104 weeks. Type I lesions were characterized by mostly negative glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity (6 out of 10, 60%) and positive expression of succinate dehydrogenase (10 out of 10, 100%), in addition to the previously documented complete lack of expression of glutathione S-transferase, placental form (GST-P) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT). Furthermore, most importantly, Type I lesions exhibited a clear decrease in immunohistochemically demonstrated connexin32 (Cx32) spot counts on their hepatocyte membranes, similarly to nitrosamine-induced lesions. In contrast, Type II lesions, mostly small in size and positively expressing GST-P and/or GGT and G6PD, similarly to their previously reported nitrosamine-induced counterparts, did not exhibit a significant decrease in Cx32 count. In addition, spontaneously occurring lesions, again sharing the same enzyme phenotype, did not show a decrease in Cx32. The results indicate that: (i) a clear distinction between the two lesions, with Type I being involved in clofibrate-induced tumors and Type II being more likely to be spontaneous in nature; (ii) a decrease in Cx32 is closely linked to lesion development and possibly stage of progression, irrespective of the enzyme phenotype and the applied carcinogen; (iii) the unaltered condition of Cx32 may suggest a slow growing or non-progressive nature.
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431
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Haines JL, Ter-Minassian M, Bazyk A, Gusella JF, Kim DJ, Terwedow H, Pericak-Vance MA, Rimmler JB, Haynes CS, Roses AD, Lee A, Shaner B, Menold M, Seboun E, Fitoussi RP, Gartioux C, Reyes C, Ribierre F, Gyapay G, Weissenbach J, Hauser SL, Goodkin DE, Lincoln R, Usuku K, Oksenberg JR. A complete genomic screen for multiple sclerosis underscores a role for the major histocompatability complex. The Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Group. Nat Genet 1996; 13:469-71. [PMID: 8696344 DOI: 10.1038/ng0896-469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 495] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system, is the most common cause of acquired neurological dysfunction arising in the second to fourth decades of life. A genetic component to MS is indicated by an increased relative risk of 20-40 to siblings compared to the general population (lambda s), and an increased concordance rate in monozygotic compared to dizygotic twins. Association and/or linkage studies to candidate genes have produced many reports of significant genetic effects including those for the major histocompatability complex (MHC; particularly the HLA-DR2 allele), immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH), T-cell receptor (TCR) and myelin basic protein (MBP) loci. With the exception of the MHC, however, these results have been difficult to replicate and/or apply beyond isolated populations. We have therefore conducted a two-stage, multi-analytical genomic screen to identify genomic regions potentially harbouring MS susceptibility genes. We genotyped 443 markers and 19 such regions were identified. These included the MHC region on 6p, the only region with a consistently reported genetic effect. However, no single locus generated overwhelming evidence of linkage. Our results suggest that a multifactorial aetiology, including both environmental and multiple genetic factors of moderate effect, is more likely than an aetiology consisting of simple mendelian disease gene(s).
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432
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Messersmith DJ, Kim DJ, Gu J, Dubner R, Iadarola MJ. c-Jun activation of the DYNCRE3 site in the prodynorphin promoter. BRAIN RESEARCH. MOLECULAR BRAIN RESEARCH 1996; 40:15-21. [PMID: 8840008 DOI: 10.1016/0169-328x(96)00029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The DYNCRE3 site in the prodynorphin promoter is similar to both the AP-1 and cAMP-responsive element (CRE) consensus sequences. Because c-Jun is known to bind to both AP-1 and CRE sequences, we evaluated the potential role of this transcription factor at the DYNCRE3 site using transient transfection and gel mobility shift analyses. In PC12 cells, co-transfections of a chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) reporter gene containing the DYNCRE3 site and a c-Jun expression vector resulted in transcriptional activity 9-fold greater than control. Co-transfections with a mutant c-Jun protein lacking the transactivation domain resulted in a concentration-dependent decrease in transcriptional activity. Gel mobility shift analysis demonstrated the formation of a multi-component protein-DNA complex between an oligonucleotide centered on the DYNCRE3 site and nuclear extract from untreated and forskolin-stimulated PC12 cells. The upper band of this complex could be completely supershifted with the addition of a c-Jun specific antibody. These convergent data suggest that c-Jun is involved in transcriptional activation through the DYNCRE3 site.
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433
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Kim DJ, Han BS, Ahn B, Lee KK, Kang JS, Tsuda H. Promotion potential of tamoxifen on hepatocarcinogenesis in female SD or F344 rats initiated with diethylnitrosamine. Cancer Lett 1996; 104:13-9. [PMID: 8640739 DOI: 10.1016/0304-3835(96)04222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The liver promotion potential of tamoxifen (TAM), which has been widely used in the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancers, was investigated using female SD or F344 rat initiated with diethylnitrosamine (DEN). In Experiment 1, 45 newborn female SD rats were administered DEN (100 mg/kg, i.p.) (Groups 1 and 2) or saline (Group 3) 24 h after birth. After weaning at week 3, Groups 1 and 3 were subcutaneously injected with TAM citrate (1 mg/rat per day), suspended in corn oil, in the subscapular region, while Group 2 was given the vehicle alone (s.c.) daily for 9 weeks, and killed at week 12. In Experiment 2, 70 female F344 rats at 7 weeks of age were divided into five groups. All animals were initially given DEN (200 mg/kg i.p.) for initiation. Two weeks later Groups 1-4 were given diets containing 100, 250, 500 ppm TAM, or 500 ppm PB for 6 weeks, respectively, while Group 5 was administered basal diet as a control for the same period. The rats were subjected to two-thirds partial hepatectomy (PH) at week 3 and were killed at week 8. The enhanced development of glutathione S-transferase-placental form (GST-P)-positive liver cell foci after DEN exposure in both newborn SD and adult F344 rat medium-term liver bioassay models (Experiments 1 and 2). This suggests that TAM exerts promotion potential for hepatocarcinogenesis in female rats.
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434
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Nagai T, Kim DJ, Delay RJ, Roper SD. Neuromodulation of transduction and signal processing in the end organs of taste. Chem Senses 1996; 21:353-65. [PMID: 8670715 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/21.3.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical synapses transmit gustatory signals from taste receptor cells to sensory afferent axons. Chemical (and electrical) synapses also provide a lateral pathway for cells within the taste bud to communicate. Lateral synaptic pathways may represent some form of signal processing in the peripheral end organs of taste. Efferent synaptic input may also regulate sensory transduction in taste buds. To date, the synaptic neurotransmitter(s) or neuromodulator(s) released at chemical synapses in taste buds have not been identified unambiguously. This paper summarizes the attempts that have been made over the past 40 years to identify the neuroactive substances acting at taste bud synapses. We review the four traditional criteria for identifying chemical transmitters elsewhere in the nervous system-localization, uptake/degradation, release and physiological actions- and apply these criteria to neuroactive substances in taste buds. The most complete evidence to date implicates serotonin as a neuromodulator of taste transduction in the end organs. However, studies also suggest that adrenergic, cholinergic and peptidergic neurotransmission may be involved in taste buds.
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435
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Bigiani A, Kim DJ, Roper SD. Membrane properties and cell ultrastructure of taste receptor cells in Necturus lingual slices. J Neurophysiol 1996; 75:1944-56. [PMID: 8734593 DOI: 10.1152/jn.1996.75.5.1944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
1. Whole cell patch-clamp recordings and electron micrographs were obtained from cells in Necturus taste buds in lingual slices to study their membrane properties and to correlate these properties with cell ultrastructure. 2. Two different populations of taste receptor cells could be identified: one type possessed voltage-gated Na+ and K+ (noninactivating) currents (group 1 cells); the other type possessed only K+ (inactivating) currents (group 2 cells). 3. The zero-current ("resting") potential (Vo) and whole cell resistance (Ro) of these two types of taste cells differed significantly. For group 1 cells, on average, Vo = -75 mV and Ro = 24.6 G omega, and for group 2 cells, Vo = -49 mV and Ro = 48.9 G omega. The difference in Ro was not explained completely by differences in cell sizes, suggesting that intrinsic membrane properties differed between the populations. 4. Cells injected with biocytin were the electron microscope after tissues were reacted with majority (14 of 16) of cells with voltage-gated Na+ and K+ currents (group 1 cells) were characterized by abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum and dense granular packets in the apical process. These are features of dark cells. All the cells that only possessed K+ currents (group 2 cells) were characterize by well-developed smooth endoplasmic reticulum and an absence granular packets. These features characterize light cells. 5. These findings indicate that there is a good, although not exact, correlation between electrophysiological properties and cell morphotype in Necturus taste bud cells. All dark cells possessed Na+ and K+ currents and thus would be expected to be capable of generating action potentials. Most light cells only possessed outward K+ currents and thus would be incapable of generating action potentials.
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436
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Brioni JD, Kim DJ, O'Neill AB. Nicotine cue: lack of effect of the alpha 7 nicotinic receptor antagonist methyllycaconitine. Eur J Pharmacol 1996; 301:1-5. [PMID: 8773440 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(96)00010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To assess the role of the alpha 7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in the discriminative stimulus properties of (-)-nicotine, this study investigated the ability of the alpha 7 receptor antagonist methyllycaconitine to modulate the nicotine cue. In rats trained to discriminate (-)-nicotine from saline, intraperitoneal injections of methyllycaconitine neither induced nor blocked the nicotine cue. Intracerebroventricular administration of methyllycaconitine, neither potentiated nor blocked the effect of (-)-nicotine. On the other hand, intracerebroventricular injections of mecamylamine blocked the nicotine cue. The available evidence indicate that the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain blocked by methyllycaconitine, those presumably containing alpha 7 subunits, do not participate in the expression of the discriminative stimulus properties of (-)-nicotine.
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437
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Wang JM, Kim DJ, Yun YH. Posterior pedicular screw instrumentation and anterior interbody fusion in adult lumbar spondylolysis or grade I spondylolisthesis with segmental instability. JOURNAL OF SPINAL DISORDERS 1996; 9:83-8. [PMID: 8793773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Between 1988 and 1993, we treated 21 adults with symptomatic lumbar spondylolysis by a combined surgery of posterior stabilization and anterior interbody fusion. Our indication for this combined surgery was persistent pain that was unresponsive to conservative measures and segmental instability on flexion-extension roentgenogram. The patients' mean age at the time of surgery was 34 years (range 24-42 years). All patients showed degenerated disks on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging. The mean follow-up period was 30.4 months. The clinical result was excellent or good in 95%, and the radiographic fusion was successful in 95%. Prolonged pain at the donor site was the most common complication, which usually disappeared by 3 months after the operation. We recommend the combined surgery of posterior instrumentation and anterior fusion to stabilize symptomatic adult lumbar spondylolysis.
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438
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Wada S, Kato T, Mutai M, Ozaki K, Yamaguchi S, Kim DJ, Baba-Toriyama H, Asamoto M, Ito N, Tsuda H. Modifying influence of swine-serum-induced liver fibrosis on development of preneoplastic lesions in rat liver. Jpn J Cancer Res 1996; 87:240-6. [PMID: 8613425 PMCID: PMC5921087 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.1996.tb00212.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Modifying effects of fibrosis or a cirrhotic state, caused by treatment with swine serum (SS), on the induction of preneoplastic focal lesions were assessed in a rat medium-term liver bioassay model for the detection of environmental carcinogens, in which the test compound is administered during the promotion phase after initiation with diethylnitrosamine. In experiment I, repeated intraperitoneal administration of SS concomitantly with the hepatopromoting agent deoxycholic acid (DCA) or phenobarbital (PB) resulted in a cirrhotic state and a significant increase in the number or size of preneoplastic glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-positive liver cell foci as compared to the corresponding DCA or PB alone groups. In experiment II, SS was given prior to commencement of the same medium-term bioassay system, in which a known hepatopromoting agent, DCA, 17-alpha-ethynylestradiol, or 2-acetylaminofluorene, was applied. In this case, the liver did not show obvious cirrhotic change and, rather than any enhancement, slight inhibition of promotion occurred. The results indicate that a coexisting, but not a pre-existing, cirrhotic condition acts to increase growth pressure on GST-P+ preneoplastic foci, and suggest that concomitant administration of SS with the promoting agent could be applied to improve the sensitivity of the assay protocol.
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439
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Kim TG, Kim HY, Lee SH, Cho CS, Park SH, Choi HB, Han H, Kim DJ. Systemic lupus erythematosus with nephritis is strongly associated with the TNFB*2 homozygote in the Korean population. Hum Immunol 1996; 46:10-7. [PMID: 9157084 DOI: 10.1016/0198-8859(95)00170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the association of TNFB NcoI polymorphism with SLE in the Korean population, we investigated the frequencies of the TNFB and HLADRB1 alleles in 281 controls and 97 SLE patients, including 56 patients with nephritis and 41 patients without nephritis. The frequency of the TNFB*2 homozygote in SLE was significantly increased over controls (43.3% vs 28.5%, RR = 1.9,p < 0.01). In SLE with nephritis, the TNFB*2 homozygote was more significantly increased (57.1% vs 28.5%, RR = 3.4,p < 0.0001), whereas there was no significant difference between SLE without nephritis and controls. The study of HLA-DRB 1 alleles revealed the increased frequencies of DRB1*02 and *03 (30.9% vs 18.2%, RR = 2.0,p < 0.01; 8.2% vs 2.1%, RR = 4.1,p < 0.05). There was no significantly different distribution of HLA-DRB1 alleles between SLE patients with nephritis and without nephritis. We found positive LD between TNFB*1 and HLA-DR1B1*13, and between TNFB*2 and the particular DRB1 allele: *15, *04, and *07 in controls and/or in SLE patients. After stratification for each HLADRB1 allele, SLE with nephritis showed a higher frequency of TNFB*2 homozygote compared with the corresponding controls in DRB1*15, *08, and *09 positives. Our results suggest that the TNFB*2 homozygote may be a strong susceptibility gene of SLE with nephritis in the Korean population.
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440
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Kim DJ, Girolami A, James HL. Characterization of recombinant human coagulation factor XFriuli. Thromb Haemost 1996; 75:313-7. [PMID: 8815583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring plasma factor XFriuli (pFXFr) is marginally activated by both the extrinsic and intrinsic coagulation pathways and has impaired catalytic potential. These studies were initiated to obtain confirmation that this molecule is multi-functionally defective due to the substitution of Ser for Pro at position 343 in the catalytic domain. By the Nelson-Long site-directed mutagenesis procedure a construct of cDNA in pRc/CMV was derived for recombinant factor XFriuli (rFXFr) produced in human embryonic (293) kidney cells. The rFXFr was purified and shown to have a molecular size identical to that of normal plasma factor X (pFX) by gel electrophoretic, and amino-terminal sequencing revealed normal processing cleavages. Using recombinant normal plasma factor X (rFXN) as a reference, the post-translational gamma-carboxy-glutamic acid (Gla) and beta-hydroxy aspartic acid (beta-OH-Asp) content of rFXFr was over 85% and close to 100%, respectively, of expected levels. The specific activities of rFXFr in activation and catalytic assays were the same as those of pFXFr. Molecular modeling suggested the involvement of a new H-bond between the side-chains of Ser-343 and Thr-318 as they occur in anti-parallel beta-pleated sheets near the substrate-binding pocket of pFXFr. These results support the conclusion that the observed mutation in pFXFr is responsible for its dysfunctional activation and catalytic potentials, and that it accounts for the moderate bleeding tendency in the homozygous individuals who possess this variant procoagulant.
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441
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Tsuda H, Asamoto M, Baba-Toriyama H, Iwahori Y, Hori T, Kim DJ, Tsuchiya T, Mutai M, Yamasaki H. Clofibrate-induced neoplastic development in the rat liver is associated with decreased connexin 32 expression but not with a co-ordinated shift in expression of marker enzymes. Toxicol Lett 1995; 82-83:693-9. [PMID: 8597128 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4274(95)03587-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Altered enzyme phenotype and expression of connexin 32 (Cx32), a gap junction protein were studied during the development of rat liver tumors induced by the non-genotoxic carcinogen, clofibrate. (1) In contrast to previous findings for nitrosamine-induced lesions, preneoplastic enzyme-altered foci (EAF) and neoplastic nodules (NN) lacked any clear association with degree of altered enzyme expression because of an almost complete negativity for GST-P and GGT. (2) Immunohistochemically demonstrated Cx32 spots on the hepatocyte membranes showed a clear decrease in clofibrate-induced lesions. (3) Naturally occurring EAF demonstrating GST-P and/or GGT positivity did not show a significant decrease of Cx32 counts suggesting a reversible nature. Therefore, the Cx32 decrease appears closely linked to progression of hepatocarcinogenesis irrespective of the enzyme phenotype of neoplastic focal lesions and the carcinogens used for their induction.
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442
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Kim JB, Kim DJ, Huh S, Cho SY. A human case of invasive fascioliasis associated with liver abscess. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 1995; 33:395-8. [PMID: 8591020 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.1995.33.4.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A 56 year-old Korean housewife/farmer/goat keeper suffered from right upper quadrant pain and fever with chills. In the abdominal sonogram and computerized tomography, multiple, 2-3 cm, irregular shaped cavities were observed in the right lobe of liver. A liver biopsy revealed extensive central necrosis with Characot-Leyden crystals surrounded by palisading histiocytes, eosinophil-rich inflammatory infiltration. Worm was not observed. However, the serologic test for Fasciola-specific IgG antibody by micro-ELISA was positive. Prior antibody levels did not differ and eosinophilia persisted 6 and 16 months after praziquantel treatment although the cavitary lesions in the liver disappeared 6 months after the treatment. Reported herein is a human case of invasive fascioliasis diagnosed clinically by a combination of radiological, histopathological and serological studies.
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443
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Kauffman EJ, Gestl EE, Kim DJ, Walker C, Hite JM, Yan G, Rogan PK, Johnson SL, Cheng KC. Microsatellite-centromere mapping in the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Genomics 1995; 30:337-41. [PMID: 8586435 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1995.9869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Ten (CA)n microsatellite simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, 1, 2, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 26, and 29, were used to show high chiasma interference and to determine centromere-marker map distances in the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Of these, SSR 12 exhibited no recombinant tetratypes among 175 half-tetrad embryos, placing this marker within 1 cM of the centromere of Linkage Group XVII. Fractions of heterozygous half-tetrads for the remaining nine markers ranged from 0.64 to 0.89. Of these, six recombinant fractions were more than 0.67 (P < 0.05), indicating strong chiasma interference during female meiosis in the zebrafish. Consistent with previous mapping data, SSRs 2 and 20 of Linkage Group VI were tightly linked. Half-tetrad analysis will allow the mapping of the remaining centromeres and may be useful in the mapping of new genes and mutations in the zebrafish.
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444
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James HL, Kim DJ, Zheng DQ, Girolami A. Prothrombin Molise I: documentation of a second incidence of replacement of a critical Arg near the active site. Thromb Res 1995; 80:363-6. [PMID: 8585050 DOI: 10.1016/0049-3848(95)00188-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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445
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446
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Yoo JH, Shin WS, Kim YR, Kang MW, Kim DW, Hahn CW, Park CW, Kim CC, Kim DJ. Esophageal aspergillosis in a patient with acute leukemia. Leukemia 1995; 9:1599-600. [PMID: 7658731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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447
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Kim DJ, Yoshida I. Magnetic-field effect on sound propagation as a probe of electronic structure and electron interaction in an itinerant-electron ferromagnet. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 52:6588-6595. [PMID: 9981888 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.52.6588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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448
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Kim HY, Lee SH, Yang HI, Park SH, Cho CS, Kim TG, Han H, Kim DJ. TNFB gene polymorphism in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in Korean. Korean J Intern Med 1995; 10:130-6. [PMID: 7495771 PMCID: PMC4532044 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.1995.10.2.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To elucidate the gene frequency of TNFB Ncol polymorphism and its association with HLA class II antigen in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) in Korea. METHODS We investigated the gene frequency of the TNFB alleles using DNA obtained from peripheral mononuclar cells in 141 healthy controls and in 58 patients with SLE. The polymorphisms of TNFB gene (735 bp) were studied by Ncol PCR-RELP. A portion of TNFB gene(735 bp) was amplified by PCR and its products were digested with Ncol restriction enzyme. The digested samples of amplified DNA were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. TNFB*1 and TNFB*2 alleles were identified according to polymorphic fragments on Ncol restriction site in the first intron of the TNFB gene. The generic types of HLA-DRBI were also determined by PCR with sequence specific primers(SSP) using genomic DNA from the same subjects. RESULTS The genotypic frequency of TNFB*2 homozygote was significantly increased in patients with SLE compared with controls(RR = 2.36, P = 0.011). The frequency of HLA-DRBI*15 was also significantly increased in patients (RR = 2.27, P = 0.029). However, the increased frequency of TNFB*2 homozygote was apparently increased in nephritis group (RR = 2.79, P = 0.035), whereas the significance of TNFB*2 homozygote was weakend in non-nephritis group. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that genetic predisposition of TNFB*2 homozygote is another risk factor in Korean SLE, especially in DR2 negative patients. In addition, TNFB*2 homozygote could have a tendency for the development of nephritis in patients with SLE.
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449
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Kim DJ, Thompson AR, Nash DR, James HL. Factors XWenatchee I and II: compound heterozygosity involving two variant proteins. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1995; 1271:327-34. [PMID: 7605799 DOI: 10.1016/0925-4439(95)00051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Variant factor X in an individual with a mild bleeding tendency was suspected based on deficient procoagulant activity (10-20% of normal) and antigen (30-35% of normal) levels of plasma factor X. Heteroduplex analysis of factor X gene exons indicated heterozygosity for mutations in both exons 6 and 4, confirmed by direct sequencing of the amplified exons. Substitution of C by T at nucleotide position 13,984 (Arg-139 to Cys) was found in the factor X gene exon 6 of the propositus. This mutation creates a BsmI site and the patient tested heterozygous for the BsmI cleavage involved, as did one of his two daughters. In addition, exon 4 was found to have the normal A and a novel C (Asn-57 to Thr) at nucleotide position 9338. The exon 4 mutation creates a BsaJI site, detectable after amplification mismatch to remove an existing BsaJI site. Both the patient and the second of his two daughters were heterozygous for this cleavage. The two variant proteins are called factors XWenatchee I (Arg-139 to Cys) and II (Asn-57 to Thr). A mixed variant isolate derived from the plasma of the propositus exhibited heavy/light chains of normal size, as well as an apparent single-chain molecule not dissociable by reducing agent. A single-chain molecule would be predicted for form I, if the mutation blocks processing cleavages that normally remove a tripeptide interposed between the heavy and light chains. A Western blot of partially purified factor X from the daughter who inherited the form I defect revealed a component migrating the same as the putative single-chain species. Based upon the factor X activity vs. antigen ratios for the propositus and both daughters, both forms I and II are probably dysfunctional molecules.
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450
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Brioni JD, Kim DJ, Brodie MS, Decker MW, Arneric SP. ABT-418: discriminative stimulus properties and effect on ventral tegmental cell activity. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1995; 119:368-75. [PMID: 7480515 DOI: 10.1007/bf02245851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have established that ABT-418 [(S)-3-methyl-5-(1 methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)isoxazole hydrochloride] is a novel neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) ligand with cognitive enhancing and anxiolytic-like activity 3- to 10-fold more potent than (-)-nicotine in rodents. A series of experiments was conducted to determine the discriminative stimulus properties of ABT-418 in comparison with (-)-nicotine, and to determine the relative potencies of these compounds on ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons. While rats were able to discriminate (-)-nicotine 1.9 mumol/kg in 39 days, they were not able to discriminate 1.9 or 6.2 mumol/kg ABT-418 from a saline solution during 50 days of training. In rats trained to discriminate 1.9 mumol/kg (-)-nicotine, a reduced generalization was induced by ABT-418 at 1.9 and 6.2 mumol/kg, an effect completely blocked by the cholinergic channel blocker mecamylamine (15 mumol/kg, IP). However, in extensively trained rats, intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injections of ABT-418 induced 78-82% generalization at the 6.2 mumol/kg dose. The predominant metabolites of (-)-nicotine and ABT-418 (continine and A-87770, respectively) were devoid of any effect in nicotine-trained rats. The reduced potency of ABT-418 in nicotine-trained rats is consistent with the electrophysiological findings showing that ABT-418 is 3-fold less potent than (-)-nicotine in activating dopamine-containing neurons in the VTA area.
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