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Fan D, Yin W, Gu W, Liu M, Liu J, Wang Z, Shi L. Occurrence, spatial distribution and risk assessment of high concern endocrine-disrupting chemicals in Jiangsu Province, China. Chemosphere 2021; 285:131396. [PMID: 34237498 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have attracted much concern because of the environmental and health risks they pose. Here we used liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry to quantify 10 types of EDCs at 118 sampling sites in Jiangsu Province, China, and then evaluated their respective environmental risk using a conservative risk quotient method. The results show that, in surface water, the targeted nonylphenol (NP), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP), and (2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) were ranked highest, having mean concentrations above 300 ng/L. In comparison, both 4-t-OP and DEHP were also ranked highest, with mean concentrations above 100 ng/g, in the sediment samples. Moreover, the ∑10EDCs concentration in the Huai River Basin was similar to that in the Yangtze River Basin. Notably, Huai'an city had the maximum mean concentration for EDCs in the Huai River Basin, followed by Xuzhou city and Suqian city, while Yangzhou city ranked highest in the Yangtze River Basin. Furthermore, the corresponding risk distribution revealed that (1) NP, bisphenol A (BPA), and 4-t-OP are of medium to high risk in 70%, 100% and 95% of the surface water samples, and likewise in 45%, 88% and 100% of the sediment samples, respectively; the maximum RQ value for NP in surface water samples reached 74.9; (2) DEHP belongs to the high-risk category in all samples (100%), whose maximum RQ reached 54.7. To our best knowledge, this is the first study to report on the occurrence, spatial distribution, and risk assessment of EDCs of high concern in Jiangsu Province, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deling Fan
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
| | - Wei Yin
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
| | - Wen Gu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
| | - Mingqing Liu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
| | - Jining Liu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
| | - Lili Shi
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
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Ladwig PM, Willrich MAV. Ravulizumab: Characterization and quantitation of a new C5 inhibitor using isotype specific affinity purification and high-resolution mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom Adv Clin Lab 2021; 21:10-8. [PMID: 34820672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ravulizumab (RAVUL) is a new complement inhibitor, with a difference of 4 amino acids in the heavy chain from a predecessor compound, eculizumab (ECUL). Objectives First, to utilize mass spectrometry (MS) to characterize RAVUL and verify differences from its predecessor and, second, to validate and implement a lab developed test (LDT) for RAVUL that will allow for quantitative therapeutic monitoring. Methods A time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS) was used to characterize and differentiate the molecular weight differences between RAVUL and ECUL by both digest and reduction experiments. In parallel, an LDT for RAVUL was validated and implemented utilizing IgG4 enrichment with light chain detection and quantitation on a high throughput orbitrap MS platform. Results The TOF-MS platform allowed for the mass difference between RAVUL and ECUL to be verified along with providing a proof of concept for a new intact protein quantitation software. An LDT on an orbitrap MS was validated and implemented using intact light chain quantitation, with the limitation that it cannot differentiate between ECUL and RAVUL. The LDT has an analytical measuring range from 5 to 600 mcg/mL, inter-assay imprecision of ≤13% CV (n = 13) and accuracy with <4% error from expected values (n = 20). Conclusion The TOF-MS is a versatile development platform that can be used to characterize and verify the molecular weight differences between the ECUL and RAVUL heavy chains. Routine laboratory testing for RAVUL was viable using an orbitrap-MS to quantitate using the mass of the intact light chain. These two platforms, combined, provide incomparable value in development of LDTs for the clinical laboratory.
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Key Words
- AMR, analytical measuring range
- C5, complement component 5
- DTT, dithiothreitol
- Da, daltons
- ECUL, eculizumab
- Eculizumab
- Fc, crystallizable fragment
- HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography
- IRB, Institutional Review Board
- IS, internal standard
- Intact light chain
- LC, liquid chromatography
- LDT, lab-developed test
- LLOD, lower limit of detection
- LLOQ, lower limit of quantitation
- LOB, limit of blankMS, mass spectrometry
- MW, molecular weight
- Mass spectrometry
- NHS, normal human serum
- NIVOL, nivolumab
- Orbitrap
- PBS, phosphate buffered saline
- PNH, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
- Q-TOF, quadrupole time-of-flight
- RAVUL, ravulizumab
- Ravulizumab
- Therapeutic monoclonal antibody
- Time of flight
- XIC, extracted ion chromatogram
- aHUS, atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome
- t-mAb, therapeutic monoclonal antibody
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53
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Matey JM, Montalvo G, García-Ruiz C, Zapata F, López-Fernández A, Martínez MA. Prevalence study of drugs and new psychoactive substances in hair of ketamine consumers using a methanolic direct extraction prior to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Forensic Sci Int 2021; 329:111080. [PMID: 34768198 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.111080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have reported the prevalence or incidence about the consumption of new psychoactive substances (NPS). The hair analysis can be useful for this purpose. At the present, ketamine is the most consumed arylcyclohexylamine associated to young consumers and polyconsumption profiles. For this reason, ketamine consumer cases become very interesting to provide information on NPS prevalence. In this work, ten former cases of the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Science (INTCF) of Madrid Department (INTCFM), all of them belonging to defendants accused of crimes against public health and who had been found positive to ketamine, were reassessed. At the first toxicological analysis of those hair samples, a positive consume in ketamine had been determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In this work, the same hair samples were reanalyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry ( UHPLC-HRMS/MS) using an incubation methanolic extraction combined with a single, simpler, non-selective and direct sample pre-treatment. After corroborating the GC-MS results previously obtained for the same samples, the detection of additional NPS using this new methodology evidenced its benefits and opened the possibility to perform a NPS prevalence study. In brief, in those cases with a positive consumption in ketamine, a polyconsumption of other drugs and NPS was found, including different arylcyclohexylamines as deschloroketamine, 3-MeO-PCP and methoxetamine; and cathinones as methylmetcathinone and N-ethyl-pentylone.
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54
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Kline JT, Mullen C, Durbin KR, Oates RN, Huguet R, Syka JEP, Fornelli L. Sequential Ion-Ion Reactions for Enhanced Gas-Phase Sequencing of Large Intact Proteins in a Tribrid Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2021; 32:2334-2345. [PMID: 33900069 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Obtaining extensive sequencing of an intact protein is essential in order to simultaneously determine both the nature and exact localization of chemical and genetic modifications which distinguish different proteoforms arising from the same gene. To effectively achieve such characterization, it is necessary to take advantage of the analytical potential offered by the top-down mass spectrometry approach to protein sequence analysis. However, as a protein increases in size, its gas-phase dissociation produces overlapping, low signal-to-noise fragments. The application of advanced ion dissociation techniques such as electron transfer dissociation (ETD) and ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) can improve the sequencing results compared to slow-heating techniques such as collisional dissociation; nonetheless, even ETD- and UVPD-based approaches have thus far fallen short in their capacity to reliably enable extensive sequencing of proteoforms ≥30 kDa. To overcome this issue, we have applied proton transfer charge reduction (PTCR) to limit signal overlap in tandem mass spectra (MS2) produced by ETD (alone or with supplemental ion activation, EThcD). Compared to conventional MS2 experiments, following ETD/EThcD MS2 with PTCR MS3 prior to m/z analysis of deprotonated product ions in the Orbitrap mass analyzer proved beneficial for the identification of additional large protein fragments (≥10 kDa), thus improving the overall sequencing and in particular the coverage of the central portion of all four analyzed proteins spanning from 29 to 56 kDa. Specifically, PTCR-based data acquisition led to 39% sequence coverage for the 56 kDa glutamate dehydrogenase, which was further increased to 44% by combining fragments obtained via HCD followed by PTCR MS3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake T Kline
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, 730 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Christopher Mullen
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 355 River Oaks Parkway, San Jose, California 95134, United States
| | | | - Ryan N Oates
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, 730 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Romain Huguet
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 355 River Oaks Parkway, San Jose, California 95134, United States
| | - John E P Syka
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, 355 River Oaks Parkway, San Jose, California 95134, United States
| | - Luca Fornelli
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, 730 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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Basso D, Padoan A, D'Incà R, Arrigoni G, Scapellato ML, Contran N, Franchin C, Lorenzon G, Mescoli C, Moz S, Bozzato D, Rugge M, Plebani M. Peptidomic and proteomic analysis of stool for diagnosing IBD and deciphering disease pathogenesis. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 58:968-979. [PMID: 32229654 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2019-1125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background The sensitivities and specificities of C-reactive protein (CRP) and faecal calprotectin (fCal), as recommended for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) diagnosis and monitoring, are low. Our aim was to discover new stool protein/peptide biomarkers for diagnosing IBD. Methods For peptides, MALDI-TOF/MS (m/z 1000-4000) was performed using stools from an exploratory (34 controls; 72 Crohn's disease [CD], 56 ulcerative colitis [UC]) and a validation (28 controls, 27 CD, 15 UC) cohort. For proteins, LTQ-Orbitrap XL MS analysis (6 controls, 5 CD, 5 UC) was performed. Results MALDI-TOF/MS spectra of IBD patients had numerous features, unlike controls. Overall, 426 features (67 control-associated, 359 IBD-associated) were identified. Spectra were classified as control or IBD (absence or presence of IBD-associated features). In the exploratory cohort, the sensitivity and specificity of this classification algorithm were 81% and 97%, respectively. Blind analysis of the validation cohort confirmed 97% specificity, with a lower sensitivity (55%) paralleling active disease frequency. Following binary logistic regression analysis, IBD was independently correlated with MALDI-TOF/MS spectra (p < 0.0001), outperforming fCal measurements (p = 0.029). The IBD-correlated m/z 1810.8 feature was a fragment of APC2, homologous with APC, over-expressed by infiltrating cells lining the surface in UC or the muscularis-mucosae in CD (assessed by immunohistochemistry). IBD-associated over-expressed proteins included immunoglobulins and neutrophil proteins, while those under-expressed comprised proteins of the nucleic acid assembly or those (OLFM4, ENPP7) related to cancer risk. Conclusions Our study provides evidence for the clinical utility of a novel proteomic method for diagnosing IBD and insight on the pathogenic role of APC. Moreover, the newly described IBD-associated proteins might become tools for cancer risk assessment in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Basso
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Padoan
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Renata D'Incà
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences - DISCOG, University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences - BIOMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Proteomic Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Scapellato
- Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Preventive Medicine and Risk Assessment Unit, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicole Contran
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Cinzia Franchin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences - BIOMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Proteomic Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Greta Lorenzon
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences - DISCOG, University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudia Mescoli
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefania Moz
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Dania Bozzato
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Rugge
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Plebani
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Liu Y, Tong L, Si N, Xing J, Zhang Q, Ma Q, Lv Q. Non-targeted identification of unknown chemical hazardous substances in infant teether toys by gas chromatography- Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 224:112676. [PMID: 34419644 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemical hazardous substances in teethers may migrate into infant's body through oral exposure, resulting in a potential health risk. In recent years, researchers have performed a series of studies for detecting target chemicals in teethers and other toys, but the presence of unknown chemicals has not been systematically investigated yet. This paper reports the non-targeted identification of unknown chemical hazards that may have migrated from teethers to infants based on gas chromatography-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry. In view of the difficulties that may be encountered in the qualitative analysis of substances, several typical cases and the corresponding reliable solutions are given from the perspective of comprehensive score and retention index, isotope-aided qualitative analysis, chemical ionization identification formula, and fragment ion detail comparison for distinguishing isomers. Finally, 28 substances are identified in 10 teether samples. Among them, phenol, N-methylaniline, 1,6-dioxacyclododecane-7,12-dione and cyclohexanone have higher detection rates. This study not only has valuable reference for the identification of unknown substances, but also has positive guiding role in monitoring potential chemical hazards in toys and promoting the safety of products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Liu
- Institute of Industrial and Consumer Product Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Lili Tong
- Tianjin Product Quality Inspection Technology Research Institute, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Nianpeng Si
- Institute of Industrial and Consumer Product Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | | | - Qing Zhang
- Institute of Industrial and Consumer Product Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Institute of Industrial and Consumer Product Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Qing Lv
- Institute of Industrial and Consumer Product Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
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57
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Lizama C, Romero-Parra J, Andrade D, Riveros F, Bórquez J, Ahmed S, Venegas-Salas L, Cabalín C, Simirgiotis MJ. Analysis of Carotenoids in Haloarchaea Species from Atacama Saline Lakes by High Resolution UHPLC-Q- Orbitrap-Mass Spectrometry: Antioxidant Potential and Biological Effect on Cell Viability. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1230. [PMID: 34439478 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Haloarchaea are extreme halophilic microorganisms belonging to the domain Archaea, phylum Euryarchaeota, and are producers of interesting antioxidant carotenoid compounds. In this study, four new strains of Haloarcula sp., isolated from saline lakes of the Atacama Desert, are reported and studied by high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS) for the first time. In addition, determination of the carotenoid pigment profile from the new strains of Haloarcula sp., plus two strains of Halorubrum tebenquichense, and their antioxidant activity by means of several methods is reported. The effect of biomass on cellular viability in skin cell lines was also evaluated by MTT assay. The cholinesterase inhibition capacity of six haloarchaea (Haloarcula sp. ALT-23; Haloarcula sp. TeSe-41; Haloarcula sp. TeSe-51; Haloarcula sp. Te Se-89 and Halorubrum tebenquichense strains TeSe-85 and Te Se-86) is also reported for the first time. AChE inhibition IC50 was 2.96 ± 0.08 μg/mL and BuChE inhibition IC50 was 2.39 ± 0.09 μg/mL for the most active strain, Halorubrum tebenquichense Te Se-85, respectively, which is more active in BuCHe than that of the standard galantamine. Docking calculation showed that carotenoids can exert their inhibitory activity fitting into the enzyme pocket by their halves, in the presence of cholinesterase dimers.
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58
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Huérfano Barco IM, España Amórtegui JC, Guerrero Dallos JA. Development and validation of qualitative screening, quantitative determination and post-targeted pesticide analysis in tropical fruits and vegetables by LC-HRMS. Food Chem 2021; 367:130714. [PMID: 34388632 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The following qualitative screening and quantitative determination of 201 pesticides present a detailed optimization making use of design of experiments (DoE). The post-targeted screening took advantage of an upgradeable database to extend the survey further to perform a standard-free novel quantitation by liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). The fine tuning of instrumental parameters allowed the best method selectivity, sensitivity and reproducibility for the compounds under study. Among the factors considered, the heated electrospray source (HESI), the sample composition and the MS/MS acquisition modes were assessed, including the all-ion fragmentation (AIF) mode and different versions of the variable data independent acquisition (vDIA). The results of the optimization showed that selected HESI conditions, a methanol/water (1:1) sample composition and a vDIA acquisition method increased the signal for most compounds with a remarkable benefit on signal shape and intensity. The method showed adequate analytical performance when assessed in local produce.
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Matey JM, López-Fernández A, García-Ruiz C, Montalvo G, Zapata F, Martínez MA. Identification of 2C-B in Hair by UHPLC-HRMS/MS. A Real Forensic Case. Toxics 2021; 9:170. [PMID: 34357913 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9070170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of drugs of abuse in hair and other biological matrices of forensic interest requires great selectivity and sensitivity. This has been traditionally achieved through target analysis, using one or more analytical methods that include different preanalytical stages, and more complex procedures followed by toxicological laboratories. There is no exception with 2C-series drugs, such as 2C-B, a new psychoactive substance (NPS), which use has emerged and significantly increased, year by year, in the last decades. Continuously new analytical methods are required to selectively detect and identify these new marketed substances at very low concentrations. In this case report, one former case of a polydrug consumer (charged of a crime against public health in Spain) was reanalyzed in hair matrix. In this reanalysis, 2C-B has been positively detected and identified using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS/MS). The most selective analytical UHPLC-HRMS/MS method alongside a universal and simpler pretreatment methodology has opened up more possibilities for the detection of substances of different chemical structure and optimization of different HRMS/MS detection approaches allowing the identification of 2-CB in the hair of a real forensic case.
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60
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Samgina TY, Vasileva ID, Kovalev SV, Trebse P, Torkar G, Surin AK, Zubarev RA, Lebedev AT. Differentiation of Central Slovenian and Moscow populations of Rana temporaria frogs using peptide biomarkers of temporins family. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:5333-5347. [PMID: 34235566 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03506-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Skin secretion represents the only means of defense for the majority of frog species. That phenomenon is based on the fact that the main components of the secretion are peptides demonstrating greatly varying types of bioactivity. They fulfill regulatory functions, fight microorganisms and may be even helpful against predators. These peptides are considered to be rather promising pharmaceuticals of future generation as according to the present knowledge microorganisms are unlikely to develop resistance to them. Mass spectrometry sequencing of these peptides is the most efficient first step of their study providing reliably their primary structures, i.e., amino acids sequence and S-S bond motif. Besides discovering new bioactive peptides, mass spectrometry appears to be an efficient tool of taxonomy studies, allowing for distinguishing not only between closely related species, but also between populations of the same species. Application of several tandem mass spectrometry tools (CID, HCD, ETD, EThcD) available with Orbitrap mass analyzer allowed us to obtain full sequence of about 60 peptides in the secretion of Slovenian population of brown ranid frog Rana temporaria. The problem of sequence inside C-terminal cycle formed by two Cys and differentiation of isomeric Leu and Ile residues was done in top-down mode without any derivatization steps. Besides general biomarkers of Rana temporaria species, Central Slovenian population of Rana temporaria demonstrates six novel temporins and one brevinin 1, which may be treated as biomarkers of that population.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yu Samgina
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - I D Vasileva
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - S V Kovalev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - P Trebse
- University of Ljubljana Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - G Torkar
- Department for Biology, Chemistry and Home Economics, University of Ljubljana Faculty of Education, Kardeljeva ploščad 16, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A K Surin
- Pushchino Branch, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Nauki 6, Pushchino, Moscow, 142290, Russia
| | - R A Zubarev
- Department of Medicinal Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division of Molecular Biometry, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Pharmacological & Technological Chemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119146, Russia
| | - A T Lebedev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
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Suresh V, Mohanty V, Avula K, Ghosh A, Singh B, Reddy RK, Parida D, Suryawanshi AR, Raghav SK, Chattopadhyay S, Prasad P, Swain RK, Dash R, Parida A, Syed GH, Senapati S. Quantitative proteomics of hamster lung tissues infected with SARS-CoV-2 reveal host factors having implication in the disease pathogenesis and severity. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21713. [PMID: 34105201 PMCID: PMC8206718 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100431r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) manifests lung pathology. In this study, efforts were made to check the infectivity of a local SARS‐CoV‐2 isolate in a self‐limiting and non‐lethal hamster model and evaluate the differential expression of lung proteins during acute infection and convalescence. The findings of this study confirm the infectivity of this isolate in vivo. Analysis of clinical parameters and tissue samples show the pathophysiological manifestation of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection similar to that reported earlier in COVID‐19 patients and hamsters infected with other isolates. However, diffuse alveolar damage (DAD), a common histopathological feature of human COVID‐19 was only occasionally noticed. The lung‐associated pathological changes were very prominent on the 4th day post‐infection (dpi), mostly resolved by 14 dpi. Here, we carried out the quantitative proteomic analysis of the lung tissues from SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected hamsters on day 4 and day 14 post‐infection. This resulted in the identification of 1585 proteins of which 68 proteins were significantly altered between both the infected groups. Pathway analysis revealed complement and coagulation cascade, platelet activation, ferroptosis, and focal adhesion as the top enriched pathways. In addition, we also identified altered expression of two pulmonary surfactant‐associated proteins (Sftpd and Sftpb), known for their protective role in lung function. Together, these findings will aid in understanding the mechanism(s) involved in SARS‐CoV‐2 pathogenesis and progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Voddu Suresh
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.,Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | | | - Kiran Avula
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.,Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Arup Ghosh
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.,Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Bharati Singh
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.,Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - Deepti Parida
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.,Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rupesh Dash
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Ajay Parida
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
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Narváez A, Izzo L, Rodríguez-Carrasco Y, Ritieni A. Citrinin Dietary Exposure Assessment Approach through Human Biomonitoring High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry-Based Data. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:6330-6338. [PMID: 34060319 PMCID: PMC9131448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Citrinin (CIT) is a scarcely studied mycotoxin within foodstuffs, so the biomonitoring of this toxin and its metabolite dihydrocitrinone (DH-CIT) in biological samples represents the main alternative to estimate the exposure. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the presence of CIT and DH-CIT in 300 urine samples from Italian individuals in order to assess the exposure. Quantification was performed through an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS)-based methodology. CIT was quantified in 47% of samples (n = 300) up to 4.0 ng/mg Crea (mean = 0.29 ng/mg Crea), whereas DH-CIT was quantified in 21% of samples up to 2.5 ng/mg Crea (mean = 0.39 ng/mg Crea). Considering different age groups, average exposure ranged from 8% to 40% of the provisional tolerable daily intake, whereas four individuals surpassed the limits suggested by the European Food Safety Authority. These results revealed non-negligible exposure levels to CIT, encouraging further investigation in foodstuffs monitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Narváez
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University
of Naples “Federico II”, Via Domenico Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Luana Izzo
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University
of Naples “Federico II”, Via Domenico Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Yelko Rodríguez-Carrasco
- Laboratory
of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, València 46100, Spain
| | - Alberto Ritieni
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University
of Naples “Federico II”, Via Domenico Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
- UNESCO
Chair on Health Education and Sustainable Development, “Federico II” University, Naples 80131, Italy
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63
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Walczak M, Suraj-Prażmowska J, Kuś K, Kij A, Groszek G. A preliminary metabolites identification of a novel compound with β-adrenolytic activity. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:1373-1389. [PMID: 34050907 PMCID: PMC8163589 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of main metabolites and assessment of renal excretion of a novel compound with β-adrenolytic activity (2RS)-1-(1H-indol-4-yloxy)-3-((2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)ethyl)amino)propan-2-ol, briefly called (RS)-9 or 2F109, were studied in vivo in rat serum, urine, faeces, liver, intestine, lungs and kidneys, and in vitro in rat liver microsomes. METHODS Structures of the metabolites have been developed by comparing the high-resolution product ion mass spectra of metabolites and the parent compound based on the differences in mass values of main fragments. Quantitative analysis of (RS)-9 was done using a system of liquid chromatography coupled with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer API 2000. Identification studies of predicted metabolites were made by a high-resolution mass spectrometer LTQ XL Orbitrap Discovery and using a Roxy™ system, for online electrochemical mimicry of oxidative metabolism by cytochrome P450s connected to QTRAP 5500. RESULTS For (RS)-9 (m/z 357.2084) phase I metabolites derived from oxidation process: hydroxyl derivatives (m/z 373.2470) and dihydroxyl derivatives (m/z 389.4318), and phase II metabolites: N-methylated compound (m/z 371.1612), O-glucuronide (m/z 533.5118), and sulfate (m/z 437.2350) were identified. CONCLUSION (RS)-9 was extensively metabolised to several phase I and II metabolites, and renal excretion was a minor route in its elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Walczak
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Joanna Suraj-Prażmowska
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Kuś
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kij
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grażyna Groszek
- Department of Industrial and Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 6 Powstancow Warszawy Ave, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
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64
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Liu H, Wang DJ, Wan KX, Zhang J, Yuan ZJ, Yu CW, Yang J, Zou L. Simultaneous quantification of fat-soluble vitamins A, 25-hydroxylvitamin D and vitamin E in plasma from children using liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1177:122795. [PMID: 34098179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K are micronutrients essential for physiological activity, metabolism and growth. Accurate and sensitive analytical methods are needed to support growing research into fat-soluble vitamins and their impact on children's growth and health. Here we report the first method for simultaneous quantification of fat-soluble vitamins A (retinol), 25-hydroxylvitamin D2, 25-hydroxylvitamin D3, and vitamin E (α-tocopherol) using a Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometer in high-resolution, parallel reaction monitoring mode. This method can select desired ions with high efficiency, potentially making it superior to triple-quadrupole mass spectrometers that employ multiple reaction monitoring. The proposed method offers excellent accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity, as demonstrated with plasma samples from healthy children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dong-Juan Wang
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Xing Wan
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Jian Yuan
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Wen Yu
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zou
- Center for Clinical Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, People's Republic of China
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65
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Kaufmann A, Widmer M, Maden K, Butcher P, Walker S. High resolution mass spectrometry-based detection and quantification of β-agonists at relevant trace levels in a variety of animal-based food matrices. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 38:1350-1363. [PMID: 34043490 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.1922759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
β-agonists have been illegally used for growth promoting purposes in animal husbandry, leading to residue concentrations capable of inducing acute toxic reactions among consumers of animal-based food. There is not only a need for detecting β-agonist residues at low concentrations, but also to increase the number of compounds to be monitored. It was therefore the aim of this paper to develop a unified method capable of detecting a wide range of different β-agonists (20 analytes including some metabolites) in a variety of matrices (muscle, liver, plasma, milk and urine). The developed procedure permits the quick processing of samples with limited labour input and consumption of consumables. The method has been validated according to the Commission Decision 98/536/EC. Detection is based on ultrahigh-performance chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Validation was performed on two different instruments (Orbitrap and time of flight). The obtained limit of quantification (0.05 to 0.5 μg/kg and the average recovery of 78% in the most complex matrix (liver) satisfies current regulatory requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Kaufmann
- Official Food Control Authority of the Canton of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mirjam Widmer
- Official Food Control Authority of the Canton of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kathryn Maden
- Official Food Control Authority of the Canton of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Butcher
- Official Food Control Authority of the Canton of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Walker
- Official Food Control Authority of the Canton of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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66
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Xu Y, Li H, Liang J, Ma J, Yang J, Zhao X, Zhao W, Bai W, Zeng X, Dong H. High-throughput quantification of eighteen heterocyclic aromatic amines in roasted and pan-fried meat on the basis of high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole- orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2021; 361:130147. [PMID: 34051597 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Triple quadrupole mass spectrometry has been the main technique for HAAs analysis in recent decade, while it requires extensive optimization of compound-dependent parameters. A novel method based on HPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS was developed firstly for simultaneous determination of eighteen HAAs. Extraction and purification conditions were optimized and the developed method was validated in terms of linearity, accuracy and precision. Results indicated eighteen HAAs and two internal standards could be separated in 12 min using a gradient elution program. The full MS/dd-MS2 scan was adopted for analysis, which indicated favorable recoveries (71.3-114.8%) along with LODs and LOQs in the ranges of 0.02-0.6 and 0.05-2.0 μg/kg, respectively. Internal standards used for calibration could effectively reduce quantification errors produced by matrix effects. The validated method was successfully applied for HAAs analysis in roasted and pan-fried meat and was confirmed to be an alternative method when triple quadrupole mass spectrometry is absent in lab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Special Food, Innovation Research Institute of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Haixia Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Special Food, Innovation Research Institute of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Jian Liang
- Guangzhou Highgoal Biotech Company Limited, Guangzhou 510110, China
| | - Jina Ma
- Guangzhou Highgoal Biotech Company Limited, Guangzhou 510110, China
| | - Juan Yang
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Special Food, Innovation Research Institute of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhao
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Special Food, Innovation Research Institute of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Wenhong Zhao
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Special Food, Innovation Research Institute of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Weidong Bai
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Special Food, Innovation Research Institute of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Xiaofang Zeng
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Special Food, Innovation Research Institute of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.
| | - Hao Dong
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Lingnan Special Food, Innovation Research Institute of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.
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Gallocchio F, Moressa A, Stella R, Rosin R, Basilicata L, Bille L, Toson M, Biancotto G, Lega F, Angeletti R, Binato G. Fast and simultaneous analysis of carbamate pesticides and anticoagulant rodenticides used in suspected cases of animal poisoning. Forensic Sci Int 2021; 323:110810. [PMID: 33971506 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.110810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Carbamate pesticides (CBs) are reported as one of the main causes of intentional or accidental poisoning of animals. Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) form the main class of poisons implicated in analyzed poisoned baits. These two groups of pesticide compounds include multiple substances, and thus, the development of a simple and rapid multiclass/multiresidue analytical method for simultaneous identification of both toxicant classes should be a useful strategy for analytical laboratories to reduce analysis time and cost. The present study aimed to elaborate and validate a rapid method to simultaneously determine 11 CBs and 8 ARs in samples of real matrices (bait, stomach content, and liver) from suspected animal poisoning cases. QuEChERS sample treatment and liquid chromatography coupled to hybrid high resolution mass spectrometry were used. The method resulted in good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.98) for all compounds, recovery was between 70% and 120% for CBs and 40-90% for ARs, and precision was ≤ 20% for all compounds. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of 871 real samples originating from suspected cases of animal poisoning, collected from April 2019 to October 2020. Furthermore, full scan dependent data acquisition allowed qualitative retrospective data analysis of an additional 15 compounds outside the scope of the method to be performed; these compounds could potentially be involved in unresolved poisoning cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Gallocchio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy.
| | - Alessandra Moressa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Roberto Stella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Roberta Rosin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Lara Basilicata
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Laura Bille
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Marica Toson
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Giancarlo Biancotto
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Francesca Lega
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Roberto Angeletti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
| | - Giovanni Binato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro (Padova), Italy
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68
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Moksha L, Halder N, Singh SB, Chawla R, Kumar A, Velpandian T. Pharmacoproteomic analysis of topical dapsone and prednisolone interventions in the aqueous humor of anterior uveitis. Exp Eye Res 2021; 206:108534. [PMID: 33722510 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Uveitis is the inflammation of uveal tract comprising of iris, ciliary body and choroid. Blood ocular barriers maintaining the homeostasis of eye breach during uveitis, leads to high risk for sight-threatening complications. The purpose of this study was to compare the anti-inflammatory activity enabled by two diverse pharmacological agents (prednisolone and dapsone) using their effect on aqueous humor proteome. Wistar rats of either sex (150-200g) were used and randomly divided into various groups. Normal group was injected with 0.1ml normal saline (NS), endotoxin (LPS) (200 μg/0.1ml NS) was injected into endotoxin induced inflammatory groups followed by 0.1% dapsone and 1% prednisolone treatment in endotoxin induced uveitis (EIU) groups, respectively. Aqueocentesis was performed post 24 hour inflammation and samples were subjected for clinical parameter evaluation, cytokine analysis as well as global proteomic analysis using High-resolution mass spectrometer. Following which spectrum analysis, production spectra of peptides were matched against R. Norvegicus Protein Database (Uniport) using Proteome Discoverer (v2.2). Upon clinical evaluation, the anterior segment images post dapsone and prednisolone treatment have shown marked decrease in hyperaemia, miosis and iridial vessels vasodilation in rat eyes as compared to inflammation group. The result of cytokine analysis revealed 0.1% dapsone and prednisolone both significantly decreased the TNF-α levels. HRMS studies analysis expressed 140, 160, 158 and 141 proteins unique to normal, EIU, Dapsone and prednisolone group respectively. To conclude aqueous humor pharmacoproteomic revealed the anti-inflammatory activity of the dapsone comparable to the prednisolone treatment in endotoxin induced uveitis. The topical dapsone may be used as an alternative therapeutic option in treating uveitis without elevating intraocular pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxmi Moksha
- Ocular Pharmacology and Pharmacy Division, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 100029, India
| | - Nabanita Halder
- Ocular Pharmacology and Pharmacy Division, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 100029, India
| | - S Baskar Singh
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 100029, India
| | - Rohan Chawla
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 100029, India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 100029, India
| | - Thirumurthy Velpandian
- Ocular Pharmacology and Pharmacy Division, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 100029, India.
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69
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Rajski Ł, Petromelidou S, Díaz-Galiano FJ, Ferrer C, Fernández-Alba AR. Improving the simultaneous target and non-target analysis LC-amenable pesticide residues using high speed Orbitrap mass spectrometry with combined multiple acquisition modes. Talanta 2021; 228:122241. [PMID: 33773743 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) for the simultaneous target and non-target analysis of pesticide residues in food control is a subject that has been studied over the last decade. However, proving its efficacy compared to the more established triple quadrupole mass spectrometers (QQQ-MS2) is challenging. Various HRMS platforms have been evaluated, seemingly showing this approach not to be as effective as QQQ-MS2 for quantitative analysis, especially in routine food testing laboratories. The two main reasons are (i) the lower sensitivity especially in the case of the fragment ions produced and (ii) the lack of familiarity and an understanding of the most appropriate combination of HRMS acquisition modes to use. In fact, the number of different acquisition modes can appear as a puzzle to inexperienced users. This work was therefore focused on obtaining experimental data to gain a better understanding of the extended acquisition capabilities of a new Q-Orbitrap platform. Experimental data were obtained for 244 pesticides and their degradation products in commodities of varying matrix complexity (tomato, onion, avocado, and orange) using various combinations of acquisition modes. The best results for targeted analysis were obtained with a combination of full scan (FS), all-ions fragmentation (AIF) and target MS2 (tMS2) modes, and for non-target analysis using full scan (FS) and data-dependent MS2 (ddMS2) modes. All these acquisition modes (FS, AIF, tMS2, and ddMS2) could be applied simultaneously with cycle times ≤ 1 s. The tMS2 especially, proved to be a very powerful approach to increase sensitivity for MS2 fragments and identification rates. Overall, the results for the various pesticide-commodity combinations were fully satisfactory in terms of limit of quantitation (LOQ) repeatability and identification when considered against the SANTE EU Guideline criteria. In addition, the screening capabilities were evaluated for a non-target survey with the use of spectral libraries, the presence of non-target compounds was detected, thus proving the efficacy of the proposed approach. Another issue often overlooked is the optimization of use of spectral libraries, but in our experiments the compounds present in these libraries were not blindly sought in the screening analyses. To minimize the potential for false positives detects in our study, the extractability of the compounds present in the libraries, was also taken into account. The extractability of compounds using a QuEChERS acetonitrile procedure was estimated based on the physicochemical properties of target compounds. By removing compounds that will not be extracted, reduces the occurrences of false detects, reducing the time required for data processing and thus improving the efficiency of the overall screening workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Rajski
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3). Ctra, Sacramento s/n. La Cañada de San Urbano 04120-Almería, Spain
| | - Styliani Petromelidou
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GR-541 24, Greece
| | - Francisco José Díaz-Galiano
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3). Ctra, Sacramento s/n. La Cañada de San Urbano 04120-Almería, Spain
| | - Carmen Ferrer
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3). Ctra, Sacramento s/n. La Cañada de San Urbano 04120-Almería, Spain
| | - Amadeo Rodríguez Fernández-Alba
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, University of Almería, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3). Ctra, Sacramento s/n. La Cañada de San Urbano 04120-Almería, Spain.
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70
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Zhou Y, Tan Z, Xue P, Wang Y, Li X, Guan F. High-throughput, in-depth and estimated absolute quantification of plasma proteome using data-independent acquisition/mass spectrometry ("HIAP-DIA"). Proteomics 2021; 21:e2000264. [PMID: 33460299 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202000264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry-based plasma proteomics has been demonstrated to be a useful tool capable of quantifying hundreds of proteins in a single LC-MS/MS experiment, for biomarker discovery or elucidation of disease mechanisms. We developed a novel data-independent acquisition (DIA)/MS-based workflow for high-throughput, in-depth and estimated absolute quantification of plasma proteins (termed HIAP-DIA), without depleting high-abundant proteins, in a single-shot experiment. In HIAP-DIA workflow, we generated an ultra-deep cumulative undepleted and depleted spectral library which contained 55,157 peptides and 5,328 proteins, optimized column length (50 cm) and gradient (90 min) of liquid chromatography instrumentation, optimized 50 DIA segments with average isolation window 17 Th, and selected reference proteins for estimated absolute quantification of all plasma proteins. A total of 606 proteins were quantified in triplicate, and 427 proteins were quantified with CV <20% in plasma proteome. R-squared value of overlapped 208 endogenous PQ500 estimated protein amounts from HIAP-DIA and absolute quantification with internal standards was 0.82, indicating high quantification accuracy of HIAP-DIA. As a pilot study, the HIAP-DIA approach described here was applied to a myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) disease cohort. We achieved absolute quantification of 789 plasma proteins in 22 clinical plasma samples, spanning less than six orders of magnitude with quantification limit 10-20 ng/mL, and discovered 95 differentially expressed proteins providing insights into MDS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zengqi Tan
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Xue
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Guan
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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Müller MA, Kompauer M, Strupat K, Heiles S, Spengler B. Implementation of a High-Repetition-Rate Laser in an AP-SMALDI MSI System for Enhanced Measurement Performance. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2021; 32:465-472. [PMID: 33370109 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging is a promising tool in the life sciences for obtaining spatial and chemical information from complex biological samples. State-of-the-art setups combine high mass resolution and high mass accuracy with high lateral resolution, offering untargeted insights into biochemical processes on the single-cell length scale. Despite recent technological breakthroughs, the sensitivity and acquisition speed of many setups are often in competition with achievable pixel resolutions below 25 μm. New measurement modes were developed by implementing a high-repetition-rate laser into an AP-SMALDI10 ion source, coupled to an orbital trapping mass spectrometer. These new MSI modes allow for a modular use of the new setup. We demonstrate that the system allows single cell features to be visualized in mouse brain tissue sections at a pixel resolution of 5 μm and an imaging speed of 18 pixels/s. Furthermore, the analytical sensitivity was improved in another measurement mode by applying multiple pulses of a highly focused laser beam over larger square pixels ≥25 μm edge length, increasing ion signal intensities up to 20-fold on tissue and decreasing the limit of detection by 1 order of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max A Müller
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Mario Kompauer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Strupat
- Thermo Fisher Scientific (Bremen) GmbH, 28199 Bremen, Germany
| | - Sven Heiles
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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72
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Phapale P, Palmer A, Gathungu RM, Kale D, Brügger B, Alexandrov T. Public LC- Orbitrap Tandem Mass Spectral Library for Metabolite Identification. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:2089-2097. [PMID: 33529026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based untargeted metabolomics studies require high-quality spectral libraries for reliable metabolite identification. We have constructed EMBL-MCF (European Molecular Biology Laboratory-Metabolomics Core Facility), an open LC-MS/MS spectral library that currently contains over 1600 fragmentation spectra from 435 authentic standards of endogenous metabolites and lipids. The unique features of the library include the presence of chromatographic profiles acquired with different LC-MS methods and coverage of different adduct ions. The library covers many biologically important metabolites with some unique metabolites and lipids as compared with other public libraries. The EMBL-MCF spectral library is created and shared using an in-house-developed web application at https://curatr.mcf.embl.de/. The library is freely available online and also integrated with other mass spectral repositories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Phapale
- Metabolomics Core Facility, EMBL, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Andrew Palmer
- Metabolomics Core Facility, EMBL, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | | | - Dipali Kale
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Britta Brügger
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center (BZH), Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Theodore Alexandrov
- Metabolomics Core Facility, EMBL, Heidelberg 69117, Germany.,Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg 69117, Germany.,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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73
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Mohamed MK, Takyi-Williams J, Baudot B, Grobler A. Development and validation of a LC-HRMS method for the quantification of cannabinoids and their metabolites in human plasma. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 159:105705. [PMID: 33434601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The resurgence of Cannabis therapeutic discoveries have led to the need for sensitive and selective analytical methods for the detection of cannabinoids and their metabolites in biological matrices. High resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) enables good sensitivity and provides more selectivity due to its accurate mass measurement of the targeted compounds. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a sensitive liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method for the quantitative analysis of cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol (CBN), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and its major metabolites 11-Hydroxy-Δ9-THC and 11-Nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-THC in human plasma. The method utilized a simple liquid-liquid extraction of the cannabinoids from plasma samples followed by an isocratic chromatographic separation and detection by ESI-HRMS Q-Exactive plus platform. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.2 ng/ mL for the targeted cannabinoids and its metabolites with sample volume of 0.5 mL plasma. The method was linear from 0.2 to 100.0 ng/mL with an average correlation coefficient of >0.995 using weighted (1/x) linear least-squares regression. No significant carry-over was noticed for all analytes and the extraction recovery ranged from 60.4 % to 85.4 %. Dilution results indicated no influence on the accuracy of analysis. The method's intra-day and inter-day precision (CV %) ranged from 2.90 to 10.80 % and accuracy within -0.9 to 7.0 from nominal. Matrix effect ranged from 1.1 % to 49.8 %. The analytes were stable in the autosampler for 6 and 12 h, respectively. This method was sensitive and can be applicable to cannabinoids pharmacokinetics study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Takyi-Williams
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform (PCDDP), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
| | | | - Anne Grobler
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform (PCDDP), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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74
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Chen SY, Fang M, Lin YT, Tsai CF, Cheng HF, Wang DY. Elucidation of two new corticosteroids, betamethasone dibutyrate and betamethasone tributyrate. Steroids 2021; 165:108739. [PMID: 33075400 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Corticosteroids were used normally as anti-inflammatory drugs. However, in some area certain corticosteroids might be illegally used as growth promoting agent in feed, and as prohibited doping substances in game and sport for human or/and animal performance-enhancing. Synthesized structural similar corticosteroids were popular in black market because they can pass routine drug screening. In this study two new artificial synthesized corticosteroids were found in claimed hydrolyzed wheat product. Liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS, Orbitrap) was applied to separate and elucidate the corticosteroids in the sample. Two unknown peaks with optical spectra similar to corticosteroids were first screened out at the beginning, and then their accurate molecular weight (M + H+) m/z 533.29059 and m/z 603.33289 were detected by HRMS. Element formulas of unknowns were calculated by the accurate mass and isotopes abundance. Structures were proposed by their fragment ions at high energy collision dissociation (HCD, 10 eV) and compared with candidate standard compounds. The two unknowns shared similar molecular skeleton with steroid core structure and presented man made fluorine element in their molecule. As the results, the unknowns in the sample were artificial synthesized, and the sample product was not a real food. The detected corticosteroids were also synthesized as reference compounds for conformation. Two new corticosteroids named betamethasone dibutyrate and betamethasone tributyrate were found and first time reported in this work. The legality of structural similar/modified corticosteroids were blurry and their safety were unverified. The confirmed identifications of two new found corticosteroids, and their mass spectra were provided in this paper for the reference of drug detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Yu Chen
- Division of Research and Analysis, Taiwan Food and Drug Administration, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mingchih Fang
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Tze Lin
- Division of Research and Analysis, Taiwan Food and Drug Administration, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Fen Tsai
- Southern Center for Regional Administration, Taiwan Food and Drug Administration, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hwei-Fang Cheng
- Division of Research and Analysis, Taiwan Food and Drug Administration, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Der-Yuan Wang
- Division of Research and Analysis, Taiwan Food and Drug Administration, Taipei, Taiwan
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75
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Szabó D, Schlosser G, Vékey K, Drahos L, Révész Á. Collision energies on QTof and Orbitrap instruments: How to make proteomics measurements comparable? J Mass Spectrom 2021; 56:e4693. [PMID: 33277714 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Quadrupole time-of-flight (QTof) collision-induced dissociation (CID) and Orbitrap higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD) are the most commonly used fragmentation techniques in mass spectrometry-based proteomics workflows. The information content of the MS/MS spectra is first and foremost determined by the applied collision energy. How can we set up the two instrument types to achieve maximum transferability? To answer this question, we compared MS/MS spectra obtained on a Bruker QTof CID and a Thermo Q-Exactive Focus Orbitrap HCD instrument as a function of collision energy using the similarity index. Results show that with a few eV lower collision energy setting on HCD (Orbitrap-specific CID) than on QTof CID, nearly identical MS/MS spectra can be obtained for leucine enkephalin pentapeptide standard, for selected +2 and +3 enolase tryptic peptides and for a large number of peptides in a HeLa protein digest. The Bruker QTof was able to produce colder ions, which may be significant to study inherently labile compounds. Further, we examined energy dependence of peptide identification confidence, as characterized by Mascot scores, on the HeLa peptides. In line with earlier QTof results, this dependence shows one or two maxima (unimodal or bimodal behavior) on Orbitrap. The fraction of bimodal peptides is lower on Orbitrap. Optimal energies as a function of m/z show a similar linear trend on both instruments, which suggests that with appropriate collision energy adjustment, matching conditions for proteomics can be achieved. Data have been deposited in the MassIVE repository (MSV000086434).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Szabó
- MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2., Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
- Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Science, Institute of Chemistry, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Gitta Schlosser
- MTA-ELTE Lendület Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Science, Institute of Chemistry, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Károly Vékey
- MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2., Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - László Drahos
- MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2., Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Révész
- MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2., Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
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76
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Silva ACR, da Silva CC, Garrett R, Rezende CM. Comprehensive lipid analysis of green Arabica coffee beans by LC-HRMS/MS. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109727. [PMID: 33233296 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lipids play an important role in coffee bean development, coffee brew and in the effects of coffee on human health. They account for around 17% of the dry bean weight and encompass different classes and subclasses, mostly triacylglycerols (TAG) and a minor quantity of phospholipids (PL) and βN-alkanoyl-5-hydroxytryptamides (C-5HT). To comprehensive profile these different lipids, it is important to evaluate extraction methods that provide high lipid coverage and to analyze the lipids in high-resolution techniques. In this work, liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) was employed to comprehensive profile lipids from green Arabica coffee beans and to evaluate the extraction efficiency and lipid coverage of three methods: Bligh-Dyer (BD), Folch (FO), and Matyash (MA). The MA method yielded the greatest number of annotated compounds (131 lipids) compared to the other methods. In the positive electrospray ionization (ESI) mode, the main difference among extraction methods was observed for TAG and diacylglycerols, whereas for the negative ESI it was observed differences for phosphatidylinositol (PI), lysophosphatidylinositol and phosphatidic acid (p < 0.05). The analysis of coffees from different maturation stages and/or post-harvest processes were also performed using the MA method. Immature beans were discriminated from mature and overripe beans by its lower levels of C-5HT, PI, phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine. These results can help to better understand the coffee lipid composition and its association with coffee quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina R Silva
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, Aroma Analysis Laboratory, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory (LabMeta-LADETEC), 21941-598 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carol Cristine da Silva
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory (LabMeta-LADETEC), 21941-598 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael Garrett
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory (LabMeta-LADETEC), 21941-598 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Claudia M Rezende
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Chemistry, Aroma Analysis Laboratory, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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77
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Donno D, Mellano MG, Gamba G, Riondato I, Beccaro GL. Analytical Strategies for Fingerprinting of Antioxidants, Nutritional Substances, and Bioactive Compounds in Foodstuffs Based on High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: An Overview. Foods 2020; 9:foods9121734. [PMID: 33255692 PMCID: PMC7760506 DOI: 10.3390/foods9121734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
New technology development and globalisation have led to extreme changes in the agri-food sector in recent years that need an important food supply chain characterisation from plant materials to commercial productions. Many analytical strategies are commonly utilised in the agri-food industry, often using complementary technologies with different purposes. Chromatography on-line coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) is one of the most selective and sensitive analytical methodologies. The purpose of this overview is to present the most recent MS-based techniques applied to food analysis. An entire section is dedicated to the recent applications of high-resolution MS. Covered topics include liquid (LC)– and gas chromatography (GC)–MS analysis of natural bioactive substances, including carbohydrates, flavonoids and related compounds, lipids, phenolic compounds, vitamins, and other different molecules in foodstuffs from the perspectives of food composition, food authenticity and food adulteration. The results represent an important contribution to the utilisation of GC–MS and LC–MS in the field of natural bioactive compound identification and quantification.
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78
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Ishii Y, Kurisu F, Kasuga I, Furumai H. Competition for growth substrates in river water between Escherichia coli and indigenous bacteria illustrated by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Lett Appl Microbiol 2020; 72:133-140. [PMID: 32671859 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli normally cannot grow in the environment. One environmental stress that prevents E. coli growth may be the competition for growth substrates with co-existing micro-organisms. In this study, the growth substrates of E. coli were screened by high-resolution mass spectrometry and compared with those of indigenous bacteria in river water. In an incubation experiment, E. coli multiplied in sterilized river water, but did not multiply when indigenous micro-organisms were present in the water. By analysing dissolved organic matter in the river water before and after E. coli growth, 35 compounds were identified as putative growth substrates of E. coli. Among them, 33 compounds were also identified as putative growth substrates of indigenous bacteria. These results indicate that E. coli and indigenous bacteria compete for organic substrates in river water, which could suppress the growth of E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ishii
- Department of Urban Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - F Kurisu
- Research Center for Water Environment Technology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - I Kasuga
- Department of Urban Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Master Program of Environmental Engineering, Vietnam Japan University, Nam Tu Liem, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - H Furumai
- Research Center for Water Environment Technology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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79
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Kalmar JG, Butler KE, Baker ES, Muddiman DC. Enhanced protocol for quantitative N-linked glycomics analysis using Individuality Normalization when Labeling with Isotopic Glycan Hydrazide Tags (INLIGHT)™. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:7569-7579. [PMID: 32844281 PMCID: PMC7541788 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02892-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of N-linked glycans using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS) presents significant challenges, particularly owing to their hydrophilic nature. To address these difficulties, a variety of derivatization methods have been developed to facilitate improved ionization and detection sensitivity. One such method, the Individuality Normalization when Labeling with Isotopic Glycan Hydrazide Tags (INLIGHT)™ strategy for labeling glycans, has previously been utilized in the analysis of N- and O-linked glycans in biological samples. To assess the maximum sensitivity and separability of the INLIGHT™ preparation and analysis pipeline, several critical steps were investigated. First, recombinant and nonrecombinant sources of PNGase F were compared to assess variations in the released glycans. Second, modifications in the INLIGHT™ derivatization step were evaluated including temperature optimization, solvent composition changes, reaction condition length and tag concentration. Optimization of the modified method resulted in 20-100 times greater peak areas for the detected N-linked glycans in fetuin and horseradish peroxidase compared with the standard method. Furthermore, the identification of low-abundance glycans, such as (Fuc)1(Gal)2(GlcNAc)4(Man)3(NeuAc)1 and (Gal)3(GlcNAc)5(Man)3(NeuAc)3, was possible. Finally, the optimal LC setup for the INLIGHT™ derivatized N-linked glycan analyses was found to be a C18 reverse-phase (RP) column with mobile phases typical of RPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn Gowen Kalmar
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Karen E Butler
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Erin S Baker
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - David C Muddiman
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
- Molecular Education, Technology, and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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80
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Xi Y, Tu A, Muddiman DC. Lipidomic profiling of single mammalian cells by infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (IR-MALDESI). Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:8211-8222. [PMID: 32989513 PMCID: PMC7606626 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02961-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
To better understand cell-to-cell heterogeneity, advanced analytical tools are in a growing demand for elucidating chemical compositions of each cell within a population. However, the progress of single-cell chemical analysis has been restrained by the limitations of small cell volumes and minute cellular concentrations. Here, we present a rapid and sensitive method for investigating the lipid profiles of isolated single cells using infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (IR-MALDESI-MS). In this work, HeLa cells were dispersed onto a glass slide, and the cellular contents were ionized by IR-MALDESI and measured using a Q-Exactive HF-X mass spectrometer. Importantly, this approach does not require extraction and/or enrichment of analytes prior to MS analysis. Using this approach, 45 distinct lipid species, predominantly phospholipids, were detected and putatively annotated from the single HeLa cells. The proof-of-concept study demonstrates the feasibility and efficacy of IR-MALDESI-MS for rapid lipidomic profiling of single cells, which provides an important basis for future work on differentiation between normal and diseased cells at various developmental states, which can offer new insights into cellular metabolic pathways and pathological processes. Although not yet accomplished, we believe this approach can be readily used as an assessment tool to compare the number of identified species during source evolution and method optimization (intra-laboratory), and also disclose the complementary nature of different direct analytical approaches for the coverage of different types of endogenous analytes (inter-laboratory).Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xi
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Anqi Tu
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - David C Muddiman
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
- Molecular Education, Technology and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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81
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Cai X, Ge W, Yi X, Sun R, Zhu J, Lu C, Sun P, Zhu T, Ruan G, Yuan C, Liang S, Lyu M, Huang S, Zhu Y, Guo T. PulseDIA: Data-Independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry Using Multi-Injection Pulsed Gas-Phase Fractionation. J Proteome Res 2020; 20:279-288. [PMID: 32975123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The performance of data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry (MS) depends on the separation efficiency of peptide precursors. In Orbitrap-based mass spectrometers, separation efficiency of peptide precursors is limited by the relatively slow scanning rate compared to time of flight (TOF)-based MS. Here, we present PulseDIA, a multi-injection gas-phase fractionation (GPF) strategy for enhanced DIA-MS. This is achieved by equally dividing the conventional DIA analysis covering the entire mass range into multiple injections for DIA analyses with complementary windows. Using mouse liver digests, the PulseDIA method identified up to 50% more peptides and 29% more protein groups than that by conventional DIA with the same length of effective gradient time. Compared to conventional multi-injection GPF, PusleDIA exhibited higher flexibility and identified up to 18% more peptides and 8% more protein groups using two injections. The gain of peptides per effective time unit was the highest in PulseDIA compared to conventional DIA and GPF. We further applied the PulseDIA method to profile the proteome of 18 human tissue samples (benign and malignant) from nine cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients. PulseDIA identified 7796 protein groups in these CCA samples, with a 14% increase of protein group identification compared to the conventional DIA method. The missing value for protein matrix dropped by 7% using PulseDIA compared to DIA. A total of 681 significantly altered proteins were detected in CCA samples using PulseDIA, including several dysregulated proteins, which were absent in the conventional DIA analysis. Taken together, we present PulseDIA as an enhanced DIA-MS method with improved sensitivity and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cai
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weigang Ge
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Yi
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Cong Lu
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Tiansheng Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guan Ruan
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunhui Yuan
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengge Lyu
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiang Huang
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tiannan Guo
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
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Wright Muelas M, Roberts I, Mughal F, O'Hagan S, Day PJ, Kell DB. An untargeted metabolomics strategy to measure differences in metabolite uptake and excretion by mammalian cell lines. Metabolomics 2020; 16:107. [PMID: 33026554 PMCID: PMC7541387 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01725-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is widely but erroneously believed that drugs get into cells by passing through the phospholipid bilayer portion of the plasma and other membranes. Much evidence shows, however, that this is not the case, and that drugs cross biomembranes by hitchhiking on transporters for other natural molecules to which these drugs are structurally similar. Untargeted metabolomics can provide a method for determining the differential uptake of such metabolites. OBJECTIVES Blood serum contains many thousands of molecules and provides a convenient source of biologically relevant metabolites. Our objective was to detect and identify metabolites present in serum, but to also establish a method capable of measure their uptake and secretion by different cell lines. METHODS We develop an untargeted LC-MS/MS method to detect a broad range of compounds present in human serum. We apply this to the analysis of the time course of the uptake and secretion of metabolites in serum by several human cell lines, by analysing changes in the serum that represents the extracellular phase (the 'exometabolome' or metabolic footprint). RESULTS Our method measures some 4000-5000 metabolic features in both positive and negative electrospray ionisation modes. We show that the metabolic footprints of different cell lines differ greatly from each other. CONCLUSION Our new, 15-min untargeted metabolome method allows for the robust and convenient measurement of differences in the uptake of serum compounds by cell lines following incubation in serum. This will enable future research to study these differences in multiple cell lines that will relate this to transporter expression, thereby advancing our knowledge of transporter substrates, both natural and xenobiotic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Wright Muelas
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Ivayla Roberts
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Farah Mughal
- School of Chemistry, The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131, Princess St, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
- The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131, Princess St, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | - Steve O'Hagan
- The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131, Princess St, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Philip J Day
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Building 220, Chemitorvet, Kgs Lyngby, 2000, Denmark
| | - Douglas B Kell
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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83
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Bubis JA, Gorshkov V, Billing AM, Kjeldsen F. HUMOS: How to Understand My Orbitrap Spectrum?-An Interactive Web-Based Tool to Teach the Basics of Mass-Spectrometry-Based Proteomics. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:3910-3918. [PMID: 32813527 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Orbitrap mass analyzer can provide high mass accuracy and throughput, which has significantly improved proteome research and made this type of instrumentation one of the most frequently applied in proteomics. The efficient use of Orbitrap mass spectrometers requires training. Students in the field of proteomics can benefit from a deeper understanding of the Orbitrap technology to comprehend mass spectral interpretation, troubleshooting, and judgment of experimental settings. Unfortunately, the cost of high-end mass spectrometers limits the implementation of this type of equipment in educational laboratories. Guided by these concerns, we developed an eLearning web application called HUMOS aimed to help teach Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Although a typical proteomics experiment includes the use of several different technologies, such as liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and bioinformatics, the learning objectives of HUMOS are focused on mass spectrometry. HUMOS models a mass spectrum of a peptide mixture, allowing us to investigate the influence of mass spectral acquisition parameters. By changing the parameters and observing the differences, students can learn more about the mass spectral resolution, duty cycle, throughput of the analysis, ion accumulation, and spectral dynamic range and get familiar with advanced spectral acquisition methods, such as BoxCar. HUMOS is an open-source software published under the Apache license; the live installation is available at http://humos.bmb.sdu.dk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Bubis
- V. L. Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Vladimir Gorshkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Anja M Billing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Frank Kjeldsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
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84
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Guo Y, Chi H, Liu X, Sun X, Wang Y, Liu S. Rapid characterization of Schisandra species by using direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 192:113648. [PMID: 33010499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Direct analysis in real time ionization source coupled with quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry (DART-Q-Orbitrap MS) was applied to analyze the Schisandra chinensis (S. chinensis) and Schisandra sphenanthera (S. sphenanthera) samples. The experimental condition including the ionization gas and gas temperature were optimized to obtain the best performance. The DART-MS analysis was operated using helium at 250 °C. The partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was conducted based on the DART-MS data to explore the differences between S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera samples. The clear separation between groups was observed in the PLS-DA score plot, indicating the chemome diversity of these two samples. Then 8 compounds that contribute most to the sample classification were selected and annotated, and the intensity change tendency of these compounds was similar to that obtained by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Besides, these two species can also be discriminated by examining the existence of the compound anwulignan at m/z 328.1656 in this study. Our results show that DART-MS is a powerful analytical tool with the merit of rapid analysis speed, easy to handle, low consumption of organic solvent, and has the great potential for rapid detection and discrimination of S. chinensis and S. sphenanthera. It is expected that the established method could provide a rapid, reliable method for the quality assessment of Schisandra species, and expand this method to the analysis of other herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Guo
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Hongyue Chi
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Xiaokang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Xiuli Sun
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China.
| | - Shuying Liu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
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85
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Kalmar JG, Oh Y, Dean RA, Muddiman DC. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Wild Type and Mutant Lacking an SCF E3 Ligase F-Box Protein in Magnaporthe oryzae. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:3761-3768. [PMID: 32692924 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) is a pathogenic, filamentous fungus that is a primary cause of rice blast disease. The M. oryzae protein MGG_13065, SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex F-box protein, has been identified as playing a crucial role in the infection process, specifically, as part of the ubiquitin mediated proteolysis pathway. Proteins targeted by MGG_13065 E3 ligase are first phosphorylated and then ubiquitinated by E3 ligase. In this study, we used a label-free quantitative global proteomics technique to probe the role of ubiquitination and phosphorylation in the mechanism of how E3 ligase regulates change in virulence of M. oryzae. To do this, we compared the WT M. oryzae 70-15 strain with a gene knock out (E3 ligase KO) strain. After applying a ≥ 5 normalized spectral count cutoff, a total of 4432 unique proteins were identified comprised of 4360 and 4372 in the WT and E3 ligase KO samples, respectively. Eighty proteins drastically increased in abundance, while 65 proteins decreased in abundance in the E3 ligase KO strain. Proteins (59) were identified only in the WT strain; 13 of these proteins had both phosphorylation and ubiquitination post-translational modifications. Proteins (71) were revealed to be only in the E3 ligase KO strain; 23 of the proteins have both phosphorylation and ubiquitination post-translational modifications. Several of these proteins were associated with key biological processes. These data greatly assist in the selection of future genes for functional studies and enable mechanistic insight related to virulence.
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86
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Yan XT, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Li GH, Feng XS. Technical Overview of Orbitrap High Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to the Detection of Small Molecules in Food (Update Since 2012). Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 52:593-626. [PMID: 32880479 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1815168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Food safety and quality issues are becoming increasingly important and attract much attention, requiring the development of better analytical platforms. For example, high-resolution (especially Orbitrap) mass spectrometry simultaneously offers versatile functions such as targeted/non-targeted screening while providing qualitative and quantitative information on an almost unlimited number of analytes to facilitate routine analysis and even allows for official surveillance in the food field. This review covers the current state of Orbitrap mass spectrometry (OMS) usage in food analysis based on research reported in 2012-2019, particularly highlighting the technical aspects of OMS application and the achievement of OMS-based screening and quantitative analysis in the food field. The gained insights enhance our understanding of state-of-the-art high-resolution mass spectrometry and highlight the challenges and directions of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ting Yan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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87
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Nagornov KO, Kozhinov AN, Gasilova N, Menin L, Tsybin YO. Transient-Mediated Simulations of FTMS Isotopic Distributions and Mass Spectra to Guide Experiment Design and Data Analysis. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2020; 31:1927-1942. [PMID: 32816459 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS) applications require accurate analysis of extremely complex mixtures of species in wide mass and charge state ranges. To optimize the related FTMS data analysis accuracy, parameters for data acquisition and the allied data processing should be selected rationally, and their influence on the data analysis outcome is to be understood. To facilitate this selection process and to guide the experiment design and data processing workflows, we implemented the underlying algorithms in a software tool with a graphical user interface, FTMS Isotopic Simulator. This tool computes FTMS data via time-domain data (transient) simulations for user-defined molecular species of interest and FTMS instruments, including diverse Orbitrap FTMS models, followed by user-specified FT processing steps. Herein, we describe implementation and benchmarking of this tool for analysis of a wide range of compounds as well as compare simulated and experimentally generated FTMS data. In particular, we discuss the use of this simulation tool for narrowband, broadband, and low- and high-resolution analysis of small molecules, peptides, and proteins, up to the level of their isotopic fine structures. By demonstrating the allied FT processing artifacts, we raise awareness of a proper selection of FT processing parameters for modern applications of FTMS, including intact mass analysis of proteoforms and top-down proteomics. Overall, the described transient-mediated approach to simulate FTMS data has proven useful for supporting contemporary FTMS applications. We also find its utility in fundamental FTMS studies and creating didactic materials for FTMS teaching.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anton N Kozhinov
- Spectroswiss, EPFL Innovation Park, Building I, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Natalia Gasilova
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laure Menin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yury O Tsybin
- Spectroswiss, EPFL Innovation Park, Building I, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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88
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Flores C, Caixach J. High Levels of Anabaenopeptins Detected in a Cyanobacteria Bloom from N.E. Spanish Sau-Susqueda-El Pasteral Reservoirs System by LC-HRMS. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12090541. [PMID: 32842578 PMCID: PMC7551688 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12090541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance of a bloom of cyanobacteria in the Sau-Susqueda-El Pasteral system (River Ter, NE Spain) in the autumn of 2015 has been the most recent episode of extensive bloom detected in Catalonia. This system is devoted mainly to urban supply, regulation of the river, irrigation and production of hydroelectric energy. In fact, it is one of the main supply systems for the metropolitan area of cities such as Barcelona and Girona. An assessment and management plan was implemented in order to minimize the risk associated to cyanobacteria. The reservoir was confined and periodic sampling was carried out. Low and high toxicity was detected by cell bioassays with human cell lines. Additionally, analysis studies were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS). A microcystin target analysis and suspect screening of microcystins, nodularins, cylindrosperpmopsin and related cyanobacterial peptides by LC–HRMS were applied. The results for the analysis of microcystins were negative (<0.3 μg/L) in all the surface samples. Only traces of microcystin-LR, -RR and -dmRR were detected by LC–HRMS in a few ng/L from both fractions, aqueous and sestonic. In contrast, different anabaenopeptins and oscillamide Y at unusually high concentrations (µg-mg/L) were observed. To our knowledge, no previous studies have detected these bioactive peptides at such high levels. The reliable identification of these cyanobacterial peptides was achieved by HRMS. Although recently these peptides are detected frequently worldwide, these bioactive compounds have received little attention. Therefore, more studies on these substances are recommended, especially on their toxicity, health risk and presence in water resources.
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89
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Balasubramaniam V, June Chelyn L, Vimala S, Mohd Fairulnizal MN, Brownlee IA, Amin I. Carotenoid composition and antioxidant potential of Eucheuma denticulatum, Sargassum polycystum and Caulerpa lentillifera. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04654. [PMID: 32817893 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three species of Malaysian edible seaweed (Eucheuma denticulatum, Sargassum polycystum and Caulerpa lentillifera) were analyzed for their carotenoid composition using a combination of high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS), while the antioxidant capacities were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. The HPTLC analysis exhibited a distinct carotenoid pattern among the three seaweed groups. The UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis showed fucoxanthin as the major carotenoid present in S. polycystum while lutein and zeaxanthin in E. denticulatum. For C. lentillifera, β-carotene and canthaxanthin were the major carotenoids. Some of the carotenoids, such as rubixanthin, dinoxanthin, diatoxanthin and antheraxanthin, were also tentatively detected in E. denticulatum and S. polycystum. For antioxidant activity, S. polycystum (20 %) and E. denticulatum (1128 μmol TE/g) showed the highest activity in the DPPH and ORAC assays, respectively. The findings suggest the three edible varieties of seaweeds may provide a good dietary source with a potential to reduce antioxidative stress.
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90
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Matos A, Domínguez-Pérez D, Almeida D, Agüero-Chapin G, Campos A, Osório H, Vasconcelos V, Antunes A. Shotgun Proteomics of Ascidians Tunic Gives New Insights on Host-Microbe Interactions by Revealing Diverse Antimicrobial Peptides. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E362. [PMID: 32668814 DOI: 10.3390/md18070362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascidians are marine invertebrates associated with diverse microbial communities, embedded in their tunic, conferring special ecological and biotechnological relevance to these model organisms used in evolutionary and developmental studies. Next-generation sequencing tools have increased the knowledge of ascidians’ associated organisms and their products, but proteomic studies are still scarce. Hence, we explored the tunic of three ascidian species using a shotgun proteomics approach. Proteins extracted from the tunic of Ciona sp., Molgula sp., and Microcosmus sp. were processed using a nano LC-MS/MS system (Ultimate 3000 liquid chromatography system coupled to a Q-Exactive Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer). Raw data was searched against UniProtKB – the Universal Protein Resource Knowledgebase (Bacteria and Metazoa section) using Proteome Discoverer software. The resulting proteins were merged with a non-redundant Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) database and analysed with MaxQuant freeware. Overall, 337 metazoan and 106 bacterial proteins were identified being mainly involved in basal metabolism, cytoskeletal and catalytic functions. 37 AMPs were identified, most of them attributed to eukaryotic origin apart from bacteriocins. These results and the presence of “Biosynthesis of antibiotics” as one of the most highlighted pathways revealed the tunic as a very active tissue in terms of bioactive compounds production, giving insights on the interactions between host and associated organisms. Although the present work constitutes an exploratory study, the approach employed revealed high potential for high-throughput characterization and biodiscovery of the ascidians’ tunic and its microbiome.
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91
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Xian Y, Liang M, Wu Y, Wang B, Hou X, Dong H, Wang L. Fluorine and nitrogen functionalized magnetic graphene as a novel adsorbent for extraction of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances from water and functional beverages followed by HPLC- Orbitrap HRMS determination. Sci Total Environ 2020; 723:138103. [PMID: 32224403 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Most of the reported magnetic adsorbents are difficult to absorb multi-class of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), especially the short-chain PFASs. In this work, a novel fluorine and nitrogen functionalized magnetic graphene (G-NH-FBC/Fe2O3) was first synthesized and characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The as-prepared G-NH-FBC/Fe2O3 was utilized as adsorbents for the magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of 19 PFASs from water and functional beverages and showed excellent adsorption capacity probably due to the hydrophobic interaction. Under the optimal pretreatment and instrumental conditions, a selective and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-Orbitrap HRMS) method was developed for the determination of PFASs. Results indicated that the proposed method had favorable linearity (R2 ≥ 0.994) within a wide range of concentrations. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for the developed method ranged from 3 ng/L to 15 ng/L and 10 ng/L to 49 ng/L, respectively. Finally, the method was successfully applied to determine PFASs in drinking water, river water, tap water, factory drainage and functional beverages with recoveries ranging from 71.9% to 117.6% and relative standard deviation of <10%. The prepared G-NH-FBC/Fe2O3 was easy to recycle and could be reused for five times without significant decrease in extraction recoveries of PFASs. These results demonstrated that this novel magnetic G-NH-FBC/Fe2O3 could efficiently enrich PFASs and the proposed method is reliable and robust for the determination of PFASs in water and beverage samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Xian
- Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou City Research Center of Risk Dynamic Detection and Early Warning for Food Safety, Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Food Safety, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, China
| | - Ming Liang
- Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou City Research Center of Risk Dynamic Detection and Early Warning for Food Safety, Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Food Safety, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, China
| | - Yuluan Wu
- Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou City Research Center of Risk Dynamic Detection and Early Warning for Food Safety, Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Food Safety, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou City Research Center of Risk Dynamic Detection and Early Warning for Food Safety, Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Food Safety, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, China
| | - Xiangchang Hou
- Guangzhou Quality Supervision and Testing Institute, Guangzhou City Research Center of Risk Dynamic Detection and Early Warning for Food Safety, Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Food Safety, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, China
| | - Hao Dong
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China.
| | - Liya Wang
- Guangdong Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou 510435, China
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92
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Dabrowski R, Ripa R, Latza C, Annibal A, Antebi A. Optimization of mass spectrometry settings for steroidomic analysis in young and old killifish. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:4089-4099. [PMID: 32333075 PMCID: PMC7320053 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02640-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Steroids are essential structural components of cell membranes that organize lipid rafts and modulate membrane fluidity. They can also act as signalling molecules that work through nuclear and G protein–coupled receptors to impact health and disease. Notably, changes in steroid levels have been implicated in metabolic, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, but how alterations in the steroid pool affect ageing is less well understood. One of the major challenges in steroidomic analysis is the ability to simultaneously detect and distinguish various steroids due to low in vivo concentrations and naturally occurring stereoisomers. Here, we established such a method to study the mass spectrometry behaviour of nine sterols/steroids and related molecules (cholesterol precursors: squalene, lanosterol; sterol metabolites; 7 Dehydrocholesterol, 24, 25 and 27 Hydroxycholesterol; and steroids: progesterone, testosterone, and corticosterone) during ageing in the African turquoise killifish, a new model for studying vertebrate longevity. We find that levels of all tested steroids change significantly with age in multiple tissues, suggesting that specific steroids could be used as biomarkers of ageing. These findings pave the way for use of Nothobranchius furzeri as a novel model organism to unravel the role of sterols/steroids in ageing and age-related diseases. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahel Dabrowski
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9 b, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roberto Ripa
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9 b, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Latza
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9 b, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrea Annibal
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9 b, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Adam Antebi
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 9 b, 50931, Cologne, Germany. .,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Josef-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
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Lewis A, Guéguen C. Molecular characterization of water extractable Euglena gracilis cellular material composition using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:4143-53. [PMID: 32306068 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02650-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) and high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry (HRMS) were used to separate and characterize cellular fractions of the dark- and light-grown Euglena gracilis cellular material. Biological replicates analyzed by HRMS shared 21-73% of commonly detected m/z values. Greater variability in shared features was found in light-grown cellular fractions (p < 0.05), likely due to small variations in growth stage. Significant differences in molecular composition were observed between AF4 cellular fractions, with dark cell fractions showing a propensity towards carbohydrate-like and tannin-like compounds, and higher double-bond equivalent (DBE) and modified aromatic index (AImod) were associated with light-grown cell fractions. Fractionation and high-resolution mass spectrometry aided characterization demonstrated the power of the AF4 to selectively cater to certain compounds/cellular entities with distinct compositional classes and double-bond equivalents and aromaticity index characteristics. Graphical abstract.
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94
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Ng B, Quinete N, Gardinali PR. Assessing accuracy, precision and selectivity using quality controls for non-targeted analysis. Sci Total Environ 2020; 713:136568. [PMID: 31955085 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The benchmarks to assess reproducibility are not well defined for non-target analysis. Parameters to evaluate analytical performance, such as accuracy, precision and selectivity, are well defined for target analysis, but remain elusive for non-target screening analysis. In this study, quality control (QC) guidelines are proposed to assure reliable data in non-target screening methodologies using a simple set of standards. Workflow reproducibility was assessed using an in-house QC mixture containing selected compounds with a wide range of polarity that can be detected either by electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive or negative mode. The analysis was performed by online solid phase extraction (SPE) liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Data processing was done by a commercially available software, Compound Discoverer v. 3.0 using an environmental working template, which searched a multitude of databases, including Chemspider, EPA Toxcast, MzCloud among others. We have specifically evaluated method specificity, precision, accuracy and reproducibility in terms of peak area and retention time variability, true positive identification rate, intraday (within days) and interday (consecutive days) variations and the use of QC samples to reduce false positives. The method showed a satisfactory accuracy with an identification rate of ≥70% for most of the QC compounds. Precision estimated based on peak area relative standard deviation (RSD) ranged between 30 and 50% for most of the compounds. Data normalization to a single internal standard did not improve peak area variability. Retention time precision showed great repeatability and reproducibility (RSD ≤ 5%). In addition, a simple model of RT vs log Kow was designed based on our QC mixtures to efficiently reduced false positives by an average of 49.1%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Ng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Natalia Quinete
- Southeast Environmental Research Center (SERC), Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States of America; Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America.
| | - Piero R Gardinali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States of America; Southeast Environmental Research Center (SERC), Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States of America
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95
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Folberth J, Begemann K, Jöhren O, Schwaninger M, Othman A. MS 2 and LC libraries for untargeted metabolomics: Enhancing method development and identification confidence. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1145:122105. [PMID: 32305706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
As part of the "omics" technologies in the life sciences, metabolomics is becoming increasingly important. In untargeted metabolomics, unambiguous metabolite identification and the inevitable coverage bias that comes with the selection of analytical conditions present major challenges. Reliable compound annotation is essential for translating metabolomics data into meaningful biological information. Here, we developed a fast and transferable method for generating in-house MS2 libraries to improve metabolite identification. Using the new method we established an in-house MS2 library that includes over 4,000 fragmentation spectra of 506 standard compounds for 6 different normalized collision energies (NCEs). Additionally, we generated a comprehensive liquid chromatography (LC) library by testing 57 different LC-MS conditions for 294 compounds. We used the library information to develop an untargeted metabolomics screen with maximum coverage of the metabolome that was successfully tested in a study of 360 human serum samples. The current work demonstrates a workflow for LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics, with enhanced metabolite identification confidence and the possibility to select suitable analysis conditions according to the specific research interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julica Folberth
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kimberly Begemann
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Olaf Jöhren
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Bioanalytic Core Facility, Center for Brain Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Alaa Othman
- Bioanalytic Core Facility, Center for Brain Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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96
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Mannino G, Di Stefano V, Lauria A, Pitonzo R, Gentile C. Vaccinium macrocarpon (Cranberry)-Based Dietary Supplements: Variation in Mass Uniformity, Proanthocyanidin Dosage and Anthocyanin Profile Demonstrates Quality Control Standard Needed. Nutrients 2020; 12:E992. [PMID: 32260055 PMCID: PMC7230672 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccinium macrocarpon (syn. American Cranberry) is employed in dietary supplements (DS) with the aim to improve urinary tract well-being. This property is linked to the antiadhesion-activity of proanthocyanidins (PACs) against uropathogenic-bacteria. However, the current European legislation has been criticized for being weak and ineffective. Indeed, recent scientific works report mislabeled, contaminated, and adulterated supplements containing dangerous or unknown compounds, or sold at toxic doses. In this work, we analysed 24 DS that claim to contain cranberry, and to have a specific dosage of PACs. Our tests included the control of the good manufacturing practice according to the European Pharmacopoeia, and the verification of the claimed dosage of PACs. Moreover, in order to confirm the real presence of cranberry in DS, chemical fingerprinting via HPLC-UV/Vis-MS/MS was employed. Our results showed that 17 DS did not comply with the uniformity test of dosage forms, and only five contained cranberry. Finally, 16 DS claimed an incorrect amount of PACs. These data suggest that several cranberry-based DS are present in the European market with insufficient quality controls. Considering that often DS are self-prescribed by consumer relying on their claim, the data obtained in this work should encourage more controls and stricter rules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Mannino
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Innovation Centre, Plant Physiology Unit, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/A, 10135 Turin, Italy;
| | - Vita Di Stefano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (A.L.); (C.G.)
| | - Antonino Lauria
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (A.L.); (C.G.)
| | - Rosa Pitonzo
- Advanced Technologies Network Center (ATeN Center), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 18, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Carla Gentile
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (A.L.); (C.G.)
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97
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Jadhav GP, Prathipati PK, Chauhan H. Surface plasmon resonance, Orbitrap mass spectrometry and Raman advancements: exciting new techniques in drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 15:739-743. [PMID: 32228102 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1745771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gopal P Jadhav
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Creighton University , Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | - Harsh Chauhan
- Department of Pharmacy Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University , Omaha, NS, USA
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98
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Jost U, Habedank F. Two-dimensional hydrophilic interaction and reversed phase liquid chromatography easily extracted pesticides and polar pesticides multi-residue method--A concept. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1621:461040. [PMID: 32204883 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We offer a concept for the simultaneous determination of QuEChERS amenable and highly polar pesticides using two-dimensional liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (ESI) and polarity switching. First results proved feasibility to determine glyphosate, AMPA, ethephon, glufosinate, MPPA, fosetyl-Al, N-acetyl-glufosinate, N-acetyl-glyphosate and N-acetyl-AMPA including fragments, next to 325 QuEChERS amenable pesticides. We plan to investigate an efficient extraction procedure by either diluting with water or acetonitrile extraction in mini scale without the need for additional clean-up steps. After completion of all experiments, the method will be validated and expanded for further pesticides and organic contaminants. Therefore, we present a concept for a Two-dimensional HILIC Reversed phase Easily Extracted Pesticides and Polar Pesticides (THREEP or 3P(+)) multi-residue method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Jost
- State Office for Agriculture, Food Safety and Fisheries Rostock, Thierfelderstraße 18, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Friederike Habedank
- State Office for Agriculture, Food Safety and Fisheries Rostock, Thierfelderstraße 18, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.
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99
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Wang Y, Tian Z. New Energy Setup Strategy for Intact N-Glycopeptides Characterization Using Higher-Energy Collisional Dissociation. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2020; 31:651-657. [PMID: 31967800 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With the optional setting of multiple stepped collisional energies (NCEs), higher-energy collisional dissociation (HCD) as available on Orbitrap instruments is a widely adopted dissociation method for intact N-glycopeptides characterization, where peptide backbones and N-glycan moieties are selectively fragmented at high and low NCEs, respectively. Initially, a dependent setting of a central value plus minus a variation is available to the users to set up NCEs, and the combination of 30 ± 10% to give the energies 20%/30%/40% has been mostly adopted in the literature. With the recent availability of an independent NCEs setup, we found that the combination of 20%/30%/30% is better than 20%/30%/40%; in the analysis of complex intact N-glycopeptides enriched from gastric cancer tissues, total IDs with spectrum-level FDR ≤ 1%, site-specific IDs with site-determining fragment ions, and structure-specific IDs with structure-diagnostic fragment ions were increased by 42% (4,767 → 6,746), 57% (599 → 942), and 97% (1771 → 3495), respectively. This finding will benefit all the coming N-glycoproteomics studies using HCD as the dissociation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- School of Chemical Science & Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhixin Tian
- School of Chemical Science & Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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100
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Meng D, Fan DL, Gu W, Wang Z, Chen YJ, Bu HZ, Liu JN. Development of an integral strategy for non-target and target analysis of site-specific potential contaminants in surface water: A case study of Dianshan Lake, China. Chemosphere 2020; 243:125367. [PMID: 31760290 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Surface water contains a large number of potential pollutants and their transformation products, which cannot be discovered by normal target analysis alone. To detect site-specific and unknown contaminants in the environment, we established an integral analytical strategy based on liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) combined with data processing using specific software (Compound Discoverer 3.0). In this case study of Dianshan Lake, 95 potential contaminants were tentatively identified and ranked by the scoring system. Then, the 95 compounds were categorized into 4 subgroups: pesticides, drugs, plastic additives and surfactants. To determine the sources and distribution of those pollutants, 4 heat maps were developed based on the sum of peak areas of respective categories. In addition, 19 substances with high exposure risk among the 95 compounds tentatively identified were confirmed and quantified. In the present study, the analytical strategy with non-target screening followed by target analysis demonstrated that pesticides and plastic additives are the two dominant types of contaminants in Dianshan Lake. High accuracy and high-resolution data combined with integrated software provided abundant information for the identification of a wide range of potential contaminants in the environment. This approach can be a useful tool for the simple and rapid screening and tentative detection of site-specific contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Meng
- Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210042, China; Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences of the Ministry of Ecology and Environmental, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - De-Ling Fan
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences of the Ministry of Ecology and Environmental, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Wen Gu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences of the Ministry of Ecology and Environmental, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences of the Ministry of Ecology and Environmental, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | | | | | - Ji-Ning Liu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences of the Ministry of Ecology and Environmental, Nanjing, 210042, China.
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