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Jung J, Shin S, Park J, Lee K, Choi HY. Hypotensive and Vasorelaxant Effects of Sanguisorbae Radix Ethanol Extract in Spontaneously Hypertensive and Sprague Dawley Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:4510. [PMID: 37960162 PMCID: PMC10647409 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension requires proper management because of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease and death. For this purpose, functional foods containing tannins have been considered an effective treatment. Sanguisorbae radix (SR) also contains various tannins; however, there have been no studies on its vasorelaxant or antihypertensive effects. In this study, the vasorelaxant effect of the ethanol extract of SR (SRE) was investigated in the thoracic aorta of Sprague Dawley rats. SRE (1, 3, 10, 30, and 100 μg/mL) showed this effect in a dose-dependent manner, and its mechanisms were related to the NO/cGMP pathway and voltage-gated K+ channels. Concentrations of 300 and 1000 μg/mL blocked the influx of extracellular Ca2+ and inhibited vasoconstriction. Moreover, 100 μg/mL of SRE showed a relaxing effect on blood vessels constricted by angiotensin II. The hypotensive effect of SRE was investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) using the tail-cuff method. Blood pressure significantly decreased 4 and 8 h after 1000 mg/kg of SRE administration. Considering these hypotensive effects and the vasorelaxant mechanisms of SRE, our findings suggests that SRE can be used as a functional food to prevent and treat hypertension. Further studies are needed for identifying the active components and determining the optimal dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaesung Jung
- Department of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (J.J.); (S.S.)
| | - Sujin Shin
- Department of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (J.J.); (S.S.)
| | - Junkyu Park
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kyungjin Lee
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Choi
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Franconi F, Capobianco G, Diana G, Lodde V, De Donno A, Idda ML, Montella A, Campesi I. Sex Influence on Autophagy Markers and miRNAs in Basal and Angiotensin II-Treated Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14929. [PMID: 37834376 PMCID: PMC10573886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) display many sex and gender differences, and endothelial dysfunction, angiotensin II (Ang II), and autophagy represent key factors in the autophagic process Therefore, we studied whether Ang II modulates the mentioned processes in a sex-specific way in HUVECs obtained from healthy male and female newborns. In basal HUVECs, the Parkin gene and protein were higher in FHUVECs than in MHUVECs, while the Beclin-1 protein was more expressed in MHUVECs, and no other significant differences were detected. Ang II significantly increases LAMP-1 and p62 protein expression and decreases the expression of Parkin protein in comparison to basal in MHUVECs. In FHUVECs, Ang II significantly increases the expression of Beclin-1 gene and protein, and Parkin gene. The LC3 II/I ratio and LAMP-1 protein were significantly higher in MHUVECs than in FHUVECs, while Parkin protein was significantly more expressed in Ang II-treated FHUVECs than in male cells. Ang II affects the single miRNA levels: miR-126-3p and miR-133a-3p are downregulated and upregulated in MHUVECs and FHUVECs, respectively. MiR-223 is downregulated in MHUVEC and FHUVECs. Finally, miR-29b-3p and miR-133b are not affected by Ang II. Ang II effects and the relationship between miRNAs and organelles-specific autophagy is sex-dependent in HUVECs. This could lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying sex differences in endothelial dysfunction, providing useful indications for innovative biomarkers and personalized therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Franconi
- Laboratory of Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Giampiero Capobianco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Gynecologic and Obstetric Clinic, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.C.); (A.D.D.)
| | - Giuseppe Diana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy (V.L.)
| | - Valeria Lodde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy (V.L.)
| | - Alberto De Donno
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, Gynecologic and Obstetric Clinic, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (G.C.); (A.D.D.)
| | - Maria Laura Idda
- Institute of Genetics and Biomedical Research, National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Andrea Montella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy (V.L.)
| | - Ilaria Campesi
- Laboratory of Gender Medicine, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy (V.L.)
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Gao L, Zhang J, Yang T, Jiang L, Liu X, Wang S, Wang X, Huang Y, Wang H, Zhang M, Gong T, Ma L, Li C, He C, Meng XM, Wu Y. STING/ACSL4 axis-dependent ferroptosis and inflammation promote hypertension-associated chronic kidney disease. Mol Ther 2023; 31:3084-3103. [PMID: 37533255 PMCID: PMC10556226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a primary modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which often induces renal end-organ damage and complicates chronic kidney disease (CKD). In the present study, histological analysis of human kidney samples revealed that hypertension induced mtDNA leakage and promoted the expression of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in renal epithelial cells. We used angiotensin II (AngII)- and 2K1C-treated mouse kidneys to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Abnormal renal mtDNA packing caused by AngII promoted STING-dependent production of inflammatory cytokines, macrophage infiltration, and a fibrogenic response. STING knockout significantly decreased nuclear factor-κB activation and immune cell infiltration, attenuating tubule atrophy and extracellular matrix accumulation in vivo and in vitro. These effects delayed CKD progression. Immunoprecipitation assays and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry showed that STING and ACSL4 were directly combined at the D53 and K412 amino acids of ACSL4. Furthermore, STING induced renal inflammatory response and fibrosis through ACSL4-dependent ferroptosis. Last, inhibition of ACSL4 using small interfering RNA, rosiglitazone, or Fer-1 downregulated AngII-induced mtDNA-STING-dependent renal inflammation. These results suggest that targeting the STING/ACSL4 axis might represent a potential strategy for treating hypertension-associated CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Center for Scientific Research of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Junsheng Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Xueqi Liu
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Center for Scientific Research of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Yuebo Huang
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Huaying Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Mengya Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Tingting Gong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lijuan Ma
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Chao Li
- Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chaoyong He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- Inflammation and Immune-Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Yonggui Wu
- Department of Nephropathy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Center for Scientific Research of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
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Salati NA, Sharma M, Rao NN, Shetty SS, Radhakrishnan RA. Role of osteopontin in oral epithelial dysplasia, oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2023; 27:706-714. [PMID: 38304518 PMCID: PMC10829450 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_492_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory cells and cytokines in the chronically injured mucosa promote fibrosis in the oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) fibrotic milieu. Osteopontin (OPN) is a wound-healing mediator that upregulates the inflammatory response and is involved in the malignancy and fibrosis of multiple organ systems. Objectives We investigated the expression of OPN in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) to determine its role in the malignant transformation and fibrosis of oral tissues. The expression of OPN in OPMDs and OSCCs was compared and correlated, and the role of OPN as a fibrotic mediator in OSF was explained. Study Design A total of 30 cases of normal mucosa and OPMDs (mild dysplasia, severe dysplasia, OSF and OSCCs) were studied by purposive sampling. In these groups, OPN immunoreactivity was examined and correlated with clinical findings. Results In mild dysplasia, OPN expression was restricted to the basal cell layer with moderate staining intensity. In severe dysplasia, it was extremely intense and extended throughout the epithelium. In the OSF, OPN expression was moderate in the perinuclear areas of the basal cell layer. The expression of OPN was very strong in OSCC. A flow diagram explaining the profibrotic role of OPN in OSF has been provided. Conclusion A positive role of OPN in both pathogenesis and malignant transformation of OPMDs and OSCC has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir A. Salati
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dr. Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohit Sharma
- Department of Oral Pathology, SGT Dental College Hospital and Research Institute, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Nirmala N. Rao
- Former Dean, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Smitha S. Shetty
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghu A. Radhakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Bertoldi G, Caputo I, Calò L, Rossitto G. Lymphatic vessels and the renin-angiotensin-system. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H837-H855. [PMID: 37565265 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00023.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The lymphatic system is an integral part of the circulatory system and plays an important role in the fluid homeostasis of the human body. Accumulating evidence has recently suggested the involvement of lymphatic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of cardio-reno-vascular (CRV) disease. However, how the sophisticated contractile machinery of lymphatic vessels is modulated and, possibly impaired in CRV disease, remains largely unknown. In particular, little attention has been paid to the effect of the renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) on lymphatics, despite the high concentration of RAS mediators that these tissue-draining vessels are exposed to and the established role of the RAS in the development of classic microvascular dysfunction and overt CRV disease. We herein review recent studies linking RAS to lymphatic function and/or plasticity and further highlight RAS-specific signaling pathways, previously shown to drive adverse arterial remodeling and CRV organ damage that have potential for direct modulation of the lymphatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Bertoldi
- Emergency and Hypertension Unit, DIMED, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Nephrology Unit, DIMED, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Caputo
- Emergency and Hypertension Unit, DIMED, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Calò
- Nephrology Unit, DIMED, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giacomo Rossitto
- Emergency and Hypertension Unit, DIMED, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Buncha V, Cherezova A, Alexander S, Baranovskaya I, Coleman KA, Cherian-Shaw M, Brands MW, Sullivan JC, O'Connor PM, Mamenko M. Aldosterone Antagonism Is More Effective at Reducing Blood Pressure and Excessive Renal ENaC Activity in AngII-Infused Female Rats Than in Males. Hypertension 2023; 80:2196-2208. [PMID: 37593894 PMCID: PMC10528186 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.21287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AngII (angiotensin II)-dependent hypertension causes comparable elevations of blood pressure (BP), aldosterone levels, and renal ENaC (epithelial Na+ channel) activity in male and female rodents. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonism has a limited antihypertensive effect associated with insufficient suppression of renal ENaC in male rodents with AngII-hypertension. While MR blockade effectively reduces BP in female mice with salt-sensitive and leptin-induced hypertension, MR antagonism has not been studied in female rodents with AngII-hypertension. We hypothesize that overstimulation of renal MR signaling drives redundant ENaC-mediated Na+ reabsorption and BP increase in female rats with AngII-hypertension. METHODS We employ a combination of physiological, pharmacological, biochemical, and biophysical approaches to compare the effect of MR inhibitors on BP and ENaC activity in AngII-infused male and female Sprague Dawley rats. RESULTS MR blockade markedly attenuates AngII-hypertension in female rats but has only a marginal effect in males. Spironolactone increases urinary sodium excretion and urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio in AngII-infused female, but not male, rats. The expression of renal MR and HSD11β2 (11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2) that determines the availability of MR to aldosterone is significantly higher in AngII-infused female rats than in males. ENaC activity is ≈2× lower in spironolactone-treated AngII-infused female rats than in males. Reduced ENaC activity in AngII-infused female rats on spironolactone correlates with increased interaction with ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-2 (neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 4-2), targeting ENaC for degradation. CONCLUSIONS MR-ENaC axis is the primary determinant of excessive renal sodium reabsorption and an attractive antihypertensive target in female rats with AngII-hypertension, but not in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadym Buncha
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University
| | - Alena Cherezova
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University
| | - Sati Alexander
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University
| | - Irina Baranovskaya
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University
| | - Kathleen A Coleman
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University
| | - Mary Cherian-Shaw
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University
| | - Michael W Brands
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University
| | | | - Paul M O'Connor
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University
| | - Mykola Mamenko
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University
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Wieruszewski PM, Coleman PJ, Levine AR, Davison D, Smischney NJ, Kethireddy S, Guo Y, Hecht J, Mazzeffi MA, Chow JH. Trajectory of PaO 2/FiO 2 Ratio in Shock After Angiotensin II. J Intensive Care Med 2023; 38:939-948. [PMID: 37161301 DOI: 10.1177/08850666231174870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High-dose catecholamines can impair hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and increase shunt fraction. We aimed to determine if Angiotensin II (Ang-2) is associated with improved PaO2/FiO2 and SpO2/FiO2 in patients in shock. METHODS Adult patients at four tertiary care centers and one community hospital in the United States who received Ang-2 from July 2018-September 2020 were included in this retrospective, observational cohort study. PaO2, SpO2, and FiO2 were measured at 13 timepoints during the 48-h before and after Ang-2 initiation. Piecewise linear mixed models of PaO2/FiO2 and SpO2/FiO2 were created to evaluate hourly changes in oxygenation after Ang-2 initiation. The difference in the proportion of patients with PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 mm Hg at the time of Ang-2 initiation and 48 h after was also examined. RESULTS The study included 254 patients. In the 48 h prior to Ang-2 initiation, oxygenation was significantly declining (hourly PaO2/FiO2 change -4.7 mm Hg/hr, 95% CI - 6.0 to -3.5, p < .001; hourly SpO2/FiO2 change -3.1/hr, 95% CI-3.7 to -2.4, p < .001). Ang-2 treatment was associated with significant improvements in PaO2/FiO2 and SpO2/FiO2 in the 48-h after initiation (hourly PaO2/FiO2 change +1.5 mm Hg/hr, 95% CI 0.5-2.5, p = .003; hourly SpO2/FiO2 change +0.9/hr, 95% CI 0.5-1.2, p < .001). The difference in the hourly change in oxygenation before and after Ang-2 initiation was also significant (pinteraction < 0.001 for both PaO2/FiO2 and SpO2/FiO2). This improvement was associated with significantly fewer patients having a PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 mm Hg at 48 h compared to baseline (mean difference -14.9%, 95% CI -25.3% to -4.6%, p = .011). Subgroup analysis found that patients with either a baseline PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 mm Hg or a norepinephrine-equivalent dose requirement >0.2 µg/kg/min had the greatest associations with oxygenation improvement. CONCLUSIONS Ang-2 is associated with improved PaO2/FiO2 and SpO2/FiO2. The mechanisms for this improvement are not entirely clear but may be due to catecholamine-sparing effect or may also be related to improved ventilation-perfusion matching, intrapulmonary shunt, or oxygen delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Wieruszewski
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Patrick J Coleman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrea R Levine
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Danielle Davison
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Nathan J Smischney
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Shravan Kethireddy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yanglin Guo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Jason Hecht
- Department of Pharmacy, St. Joseph Mercy Ann Arbor Hospital, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| | - Michael A Mazzeffi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jonathan H Chow
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
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Hiraide S, Machida T, Takihana S, Ohshita M, Iizuka K. Pressure stress delays cyclooxygenase-2 expression induced by interleukin-1β in cultured human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21008. [PMID: 37876479 PMCID: PMC10590958 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) play an important role in the sequence of events leading to the formation of pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, little is known about the direct effects of high pressure on the function and intercellular signaling pathways of PASMCs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pressure stress that simulates PH on interleukin (IL)-1β- or angiotensin II-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in cultured human PASMCs. Methods Either 20 or 60 mmHg atmospheric pressure was applied to PASMCs by a pressure-loading apparatus. Protein expression and phosphorylation were analyzed by western blotting. mRNA expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results IL-1β-induced COX-2 protein expression peaked at 6 h in non-pressurized cells, whereas COX-2 expression was delayed, peaking at 12 h, in 20 and 60 mmHg pressurized cells. Both pressures also delayed the time to peak COX-2 mRNA expression induced by IL-1β. In addition, pressure stress delayed the time to peak mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation induced by IL-1β. In contrast, angiotensin II-induced transient COX-2 mRNA expression and MAPK phosphorylation were not affected by pressure stress. Conclusion These results suggest that pressure stress delays IL-1β-induced COX-2 expression via the delayed activation of MAPKs in PASMCs, and the effects of pressure stress differ according to the bioactive substance being stimulated. Our results demonstrate that the application of pressure stress to PASMCs directly alters cell function, which may provide a basic insight into our understanding of the pathogenesis of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Hiraide
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Takuji Machida
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Shota Takihana
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Mikoto Ohshita
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
| | - Kenji Iizuka
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
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Coulson TG, Miles LF, Zarbock A, Burrell LM, Patel SK, von Groote T, Pilcher D, Weinberg L, Landoni G, Bellomo R. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system dynamics after targeted blood pressure control using angiotensin II or norepinephrine in cardiac surgery: mechanistic randomised controlled trial. Br J Anaesth 2023; 131:664-672. [PMID: 37481435 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2023.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis in vasoplegia after cardiac surgery remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that, compared with norepinephrine, infusion of angiotensin II titrated to achieve similar mean arterial pressure (MAP) would suppress plasma renin concentration (PRC) while maintaining aldosterone levels. METHODS In a double-blind, randomised controlled trial, subjects received either an infusion of angiotensin II or norepinephrine to maintain MAP 70-80 mm Hg from induction of anaesthesia. We compared PRC, aldosterone, dipeptidyl peptidase-3, and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activity between treatment groups, before surgery, on ICU admission, and 24 h after surgery. RESULTS In 60 patients (11.7% female; mean age 68 yr [11 yr]), norepinephrine increased median PRC at ICU admission (median difference [MD] 46 [inter-quartile range, IQR, 3-88] μU ml-1; P<0.001) but angiotensin II did not (MD -3 [IQR -62 to 35] μU ml-1; P=0.36). Aldosterone levels increased with both. The aldosterone:PRC ratio did not change with norepinephrine (MD -0.01 [IQR -0.14 to 0.03] μU ml-1 per ng dl-1, P=0.76) but increased with angiotensin II (MD 0.05 [IQR 0.004-0.26] μU ml-1 per ng dl-1, P<0.001). The upper quartile of PRC before surgery was associated with higher vasopressor requirements when norepinephrine was used to maintain MAP, but not angiotensin II. Dipeptidyl peptidase-3 levels and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activities were similar at all time points. CONCLUSIONS Angiotensin II suppressed renin release while maintaining aldosterone levels compared with norepinephrine. Higher plasma renin concentration before surgery was associated with greater vasopressor requirement for norepinephrine, but not angiotensin II. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry-ACTRN12621000195853 23/02/2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim G Coulson
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Alfred Health and Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Lachlan F Miles
- Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alex Zarbock
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Munster, Germany
| | - Louise M Burrell
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia; The Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Sheila K Patel
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Thilo von Groote
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Munster, Germany
| | - David Pilcher
- Department of Intensive Care, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Laurence Weinberg
- Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Giovanni Landoni
- Department of Anaesthesia, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Rinaldo Bellomo
- Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Intensive Care, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Intensive Care, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Data Analytics Research and Evaluation Centre, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Zhu J, Li Q, Sun Y, Zhang S, Pan R, Xie Y, Chen J, Shi L, Chen Y, Sun Z, Zhang L. Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor Deficiency Alleviates Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis Through the Protein Kinase B/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase/Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e029631. [PMID: 37721135 PMCID: PMC10547288 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.029631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Background The renin-angiotensin system plays a crucial role in the development of heart failure, and Ang II (angiotensin II) acts as the critical effector of the renin-angiotensin system in regulating cardiac fibrosis. However, the mechanisms of cardiac fibrosis are complex and still not fully understood. IGF1R (insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor) has multiple functions in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis, and low-dose IGF1 treatment is effective in relieving Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis. Here, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of IGF1R in Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis. Methods and Results Using primary mouse cardiac microvascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts, in vitro experiments were performed. Using C57BL/6J mice and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9)-mediated IGF1R heterozygous knockout (Igf1r+/-) mice, cardiac fibrosis mouse models were induced by Ang II for 2 weeks. The expression of IGF1R was examined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot. Mice heart histologic changes were evaluated using Masson and picro sirius red staining. Fibrotic markers and signal molecules indicating the function of the Akt (protein kinase B)/ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase)/nuclear factor-κB pathway were detected using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. RNA sequencing was used to explore IGF1R-mediated target genes in the hearts of mice, and the association of IGF1R and G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 was identified by coimmunoprecipitation. More important, blocking IGF1R signaling significantly suppressed endothelial-mesenchymal transition in primary mouse cardiac microvascular endothelial cells and mice in response to transforming growth factor-β1 or Ang II, respectively. Deficiency or inhibition of IGF1R signaling remarkably attenuated Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis in primary mouse cardiac fibroblasts and mice. We further observed that the patients with heart failure exhibited higher blood levels of IGF1 and IGF1R than healthy individuals. Moreover, Ang II treatment significantly increased cardiac IGF1R in wild type mice but led to a slight downregulation in Igf1r+/- mice. Interestingly, IGF1R deficiency significantly alleviated cardiac fibrosis in Ang II-treated mice. Mechanistically, the phosphorylation level of Akt and ERK was upregulated in Ang II-treated mice, whereas blocking IGF1R signaling in mice inhibited these changes of Akt and ERK phosphorylation. Concurrently, phosphorylated p65 of nuclear factor-κB exhibited similar alterations in the corresponding group of mice. Intriguingly, IGF1R directly interacted with G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 5, and this association decreased ≈50% in Igf1r+/- mice. In addition, Grk5 deletion downregulated expression of the Akt/ERK/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway in primary mouse cardiac fibroblasts. Conclusions IGF1R signaling deficiency alleviates Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis, at least partially through inhibiting endothelial-mesenchymal transition via the Akt/ERK/nuclear factor-κB pathway. Interestingly, G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 associates with IGF1R signaling directly, and it concurrently acts as an IGF1R downstream effector. This study suggests the promising potential of IGF1R as a therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Zhu
- Department of NursingWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Qian Li
- Department of NursingWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of StomatologyWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of NursingWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Ruiyan Pan
- Department of PharmacologyWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Yanguang Xie
- Department of NursingWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Jinyan Chen
- Department of Clinical MedicineWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Lihong Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Yanbo Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated HospitalWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Zhipeng Sun
- Department of PharmacologyWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Lane Zhang
- Department of NursingWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
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Dangudubiyyam SV, Bosse B, Yadav P, Song R, Hofmann A, Mishra JS, Kumar S. Restoring Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor Function Reverses PFOS-Induced Vascular Hyper-Reactivity and Hypertension in Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14180. [PMID: 37762482 PMCID: PMC10531530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) exposure during pregnancy induces hypertension with decreased vasodilatory angiotensin type-2 receptor (AT2R) expression and impaired vascular reactivity and fetal weights. We hypothesized that AT2R activation restores the AT1R/AT2R balance and reverses gestational hypertension by improving vascular mechanisms. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to PFOS through drinking water (50 μg/mL) from gestation day (GD) 4-20. Controls received drinking water with no detectable PFOS. Control and PFOS-exposed rats were treated with AT2R agonist Compound 21 (C21; 0.3 mg/kg/day, SC) from GD 15-20. In PFOS dams, blood pressure was higher, blood flow in the uterine artery was reduced, and C21 reversed these to control levels. C21 mitigated the heightened contraction response to Ang II and enhanced endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in uterine arteries of PFOS dams. The observed vascular effects of C21 were correlated with reduced AT1R levels and increased AT2R and eNOS protein levels. C21 also increased plasma bradykinin production in PFOS dams and attenuated the fetoplacental growth restriction. These data suggest that C21 improves the PFOS-induced maternal vascular dysfunction and blood flow to the fetoplacental unit, providing preclinical evidence to support that AT2R activation may be an important target for preventing or treating PFOS-induced adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Vidya Dangudubiyyam
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
- Endocrinology-Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Bradley Bosse
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA;
| | - Pankaj Yadav
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Ruolin Song
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Alissa Hofmann
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
- Endocrinology-Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Jay S. Mishra
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Sathish Kumar
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (S.V.D.); (P.Y.); (R.S.); (A.H.); (J.S.M.)
- Endocrinology-Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA;
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Daiuto SA, de Carvalho RP, do Vale B, Dsouki NA, Giannocco G, Cafarchio EM, Aronsson P, Sato MA. Angiotensinergic and GABAergic transmission in the medial preoptic area: role in urinary bladder and cardiovascular control in female rats. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1224505. [PMID: 37772054 PMCID: PMC10524595 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1224505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The medial preoptic area (mPOA) participates in thermoregulatory control and blood pressure modulation as shown by studies with electrical stimulation of this area or cobalt chloride injection, a non-selective synapse inhibitor. This study aimed to investigate whether angiotensin II (Ang II) and GABA could act or not in the mPOA to mediate the cardiovascular and micturition control pathways. Methods: Female Wistar rats were submitted to stereotaxic surgery for implantation of a guide cannula into the mPOA 7 days prior to the experiments. Afterwards, the animals were isoflurane- anesthetized and submitted to the catheterization of the femoral artery and vein and urinary bladder cannulation for mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and intravesical pressure (IP) recordings, respectively. After the baseline MAP, HR, and IP recordings for 15 min, Ang II (0.1 nM, 1 μL), losartan (AT-1 receptor antagonist, 100 nM, 1 μL), GABA (50 mM, 1 μL) or saline (1 μL) were injected into the mPOA, and the variables were measured for additional 30 min. In a different group of rats, the AT-1 receptor, angiotensin II converting enzyme (ACE), and GABAa receptor gene expression was evaluated in mPOA samples by qPCR. The data are as mean ± SEM and submitted to One-way ANOVA (Tukey posttest) or paired Student t-test (P <0.05). Results: The injection of Ang II into the mPOA evoked a significant hypotension (-37±10 mmHg, n = 6, p = 0.024) and bradycardia (-47 ± 20 bpm, p = 0.030) compared to saline (+1 ± 1 mmHg and +6 ± 2 bpm, n = 6). A significant increase in IP was observed after Ang II injection into the mPOA (+72.25 ± 17.91%, p = 0.015 vs. -1.80 ± 2.98%, n = 6, saline). No significant changes were observed in MAP, HR and IP after the losartan injection in the mPOA compared to saline injection. Injection of GABA into the mPOA evoked a significant fall in MAP and HR (-68 ± 2 mmHg, n = 6, p < 0.0001 and -115 ± 14 bpm, n = 6, p = 0.0002 vs. -1 ± 1 mmHg and +4 ± 2 bpm, n = 6, saline), but no significant changes were observed in IP. The AT-1 receptor, ACE and GABAa receptor mRNA expression was observed in all mPOA samples. Discussion: Therefore, in female rats, Ang II mediated transmission in the mPOA is involved in the cardiovascular regulation and in the control of central micturition pathways. A phasic control dependent on AT-1 receptors in the mPOA seems to be involved in the regulation of those cardiovascular and intravesical 3 parameters. In contrast, GABAergic transmission in the mPOA participates in the pathways of cardiovascular control in anesthetized female rats, nevertheless, this neurotransmission is not involved in the micturition control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio A. Daiuto
- Department Morphology and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Centro Universitario FMABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo P. de Carvalho
- Department Morphology and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Centro Universitario FMABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
| | - Bárbara do Vale
- Department Morphology and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Centro Universitario FMABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
| | - Nuha A. Dsouki
- Department Morphology and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Centro Universitario FMABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
| | - Gisele Giannocco
- Department Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M. Cafarchio
- Department Morphology and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Centro Universitario FMABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
| | - Patrik Aronsson
- Department Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Monica A. Sato
- Department Morphology and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Centro Universitario FMABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
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Li JC, Jia J, Dong L, Hu ZJ, Huang XR, Wang HL, Wang L, Yang SJ, Lan HY. Angiotensin II mediates hypertensive cardiac fibrosis via an Erbb4-IR-dependent mechanism. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2023; 33:180-190. [PMID: 37449045 PMCID: PMC10336735 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/Smad3 plays a vital role in hypertensive cardiac fibrosis. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Erbb4-IR is a novel Smad3-dependent lncRNA that mediates kidney fibrosis. However, the role of Erbb4-IR in hypertensive heart disease remains unexplored and was investigated in the present study by ultrasound-microbubble-mediated silencing of cardiac Erbb4-IR in hypertensive mice induced by angiotensin II. We found that chronic angiotensin II infusion induced hypertension and upregulated cardiac Erbb4-IR, which was associated with cardiac dysfunction, including a decrease in left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) and LV fractional shortening (LVFS) and an increase in LV mass. Knockdown of cardiac Erbb4-IR by Erbb4-IR short hairpin RNA (shRNA) gene transfer effectively improved the angiotensin II-induced deterioration of cardiac function, although blood pressure was not altered. Furthermore, silencing cardiac Erbb4-IR also inhibited angiotensin II-induced progressive cardiac fibrosis, as evidenced by reduced collagen I and III, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and fibronectin accumulation. Mechanistically, improved hypertensive cardiac injury by specifically silencing cardiac Erbb4-IR was associated with increased myocardial Smad7 and miR-29b, revealing that Erbb4-IR may target Smad7 and miR-29b to mediate angiotensin II-induced hypertensive cardiac fibrosis. In conclusion, Erbb4-IR is pathogenic in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac remodeling, and targeting Erbb4-IR may be a novel therapy for hypertensive cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Chun Li
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The TCM Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian Jia
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The TCM Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Dong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, The TCM Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhong-Jing Hu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, The TCM Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Huang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Hong-Lian Wang
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The TCM Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The TCM Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Si-Jin Yang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base, The TCM Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Research Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The TCM Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
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Ababei DC, Bild V, Macadan I, Vasincu A, Rusu RN, Blaj M, Stanciu GD, Lefter RM, Bild W. Therapeutic Implications of Renin-Angiotensin System Modulators in Alzheimer's Dementia. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2290. [PMID: 37765259 PMCID: PMC10538010 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) has attracted considerable interest beyond its traditional cardiovascular role due to emerging data indicating its potential involvement in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's dementia (AD). This review investigates the therapeutic implications of RAS modulators, specifically focusing on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and renin inhibitors in AD. ACEIs, commonly used for hypertension, show promise in AD by reducing angiotensin (Ang) II levels. This reduction is significant as Ang II contributes to neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation, all implicated in AD pathogenesis. ARBs, known for vasodilation, exhibit neuroprotection by blocking Ang II receptors, improving cerebral blood flow and cognitive decline in AD models. Renin inhibitors offer a novel approach by targeting the initial RAS step, displaying anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects that mitigate AD degeneration. Preclinical studies demonstrate RAS regulation's favorable impact on neuroinflammation, neuronal damage, cognitive function, and Aβ metabolism. Clinical trials on RAS modulators in AD are limited, but with promising results, ARBs being more effective that ACEIs in reducing cognitive decline. The varied roles of ACEIs, ARBs, and renin inhibitors in RAS modulation present a promising avenue for AD therapeutic intervention, requiring further research to potentially transform AD treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela-Carmen Ababei
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.-C.A.); (A.V.); (R.-N.R.)
| | - Veronica Bild
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.-C.A.); (A.V.); (R.-N.R.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, Iasi Branch, 8 Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (R.-M.L.); (W.B.)
| | - Ioana Macadan
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.-C.A.); (A.V.); (R.-N.R.)
| | - Alexandru Vasincu
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.-C.A.); (A.V.); (R.-N.R.)
| | - Răzvan-Nicolae Rusu
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.-C.A.); (A.V.); (R.-N.R.)
| | - Mihaela Blaj
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Gabriela Dumitrița Stanciu
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Radu-Marian Lefter
- Center of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, Iasi Branch, 8 Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (R.-M.L.); (W.B.)
| | - Walther Bild
- Center of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, Iasi Branch, 8 Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania; (R.-M.L.); (W.B.)
- Department of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Beuse A, Deissler HL, Hollborn M, Unterlauft JD, Busch C, Rehak M. Different responses of the MIO‑M1 Mueller cell line to angiotensin II under hyperglycemic or hypoxic conditions. Biomed Rep 2023; 19:62. [PMID: 37614982 PMCID: PMC10442740 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) are expressed by various retinal tissues including Mueller glial cells. As the RAAS is hypothesized to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diseases that threaten vision, such as diabetic macular edema or retinal vein occlusion, the possible changes induced by exposure of the human cell line MIO-M1, an established model of Mueller cells, to angiotensin II or aldosterone for 6 h under hypoxic and/or hyperglycemic conditions were investigated. The mRNA expression levels of the members of the RAAS were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, and the secretion of cytokines was assessed by ELISA. Under hyperglycemic conditions, the mRNA expression levels of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensin II receptors, AT1 and AT2, and the receptor of angiotensin (1-7) MAS1 were significantly higher after exposure to angiotensin II, and the expression of ACE2, AT2, and IL-6 (a marker of inflammation) was significantly increased after treatment with aldosterone; the expression of the other targets investigated remained unchanged. Significantly more IL-6 was secreted by MIO-M1 cells exposed to hyperglycemia and angiotensin. When cells were cultured in a hypoxic environment, additional treatment with aldosterone significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of ACE, but significantly more ACE2 mRNA was expressed in the presence of angiotensin II. Under hypoxic plus hyperglycemic conditions, significantly less ACE but more AT2 was expressed after treatment with angiotensin II, which also led to strongly elevated expression of IL-6. The mRNA expression levels of the angiogenic growth factor VEGF-A and secretion of the encoded protein were notably increased under hypoxic and hypoxic plus hyperglycemic conditions, irrespective of additional treatment with angiotensin II or aldosterone. These findings suggest that angiotensin II induces a pro-inflammatory response in MIO-M1 cells under hyperglycemic conditions despite activation of the counteracting ACE2/MAS1 signaling cascade. However, hypoxia results in an increased expression of angiogenic VEGF-A by these cells, which is not altered by angiotensin II or aldosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansgar Beuse
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heidrun L. Deissler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Margrit Hollborn
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Darius Unterlauft
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Catharina Busch
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matus Rehak
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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Kubota H, Kunisawa K, Wulaer B, Hasegawa M, Kurahashi H, Sakata T, Tezuka H, Kugita M, Nagao S, Nagai T, Furuyashiki T, Narumiya S, Saito K, Nabeshima T, Mouri A. High salt induces cognitive impairment via the interaction of the angiotensin II-AT 1 and prostaglandin E2-EP 1 systems. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:2393-2411. [PMID: 37076133 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE High salt (HS) intake has been associated with hypertension and cognitive impairment. It is well known that the angiotensin II (Ang II)-AT1 receptor and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-EP1 receptor systems are involved in hypertension and neurotoxicity. However, the involvement of these systems in HS-mediated hypertension and emotional and cognitive impairments remains unclear. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mice were loaded with HS solution (2% NaCl drinking water) for 12 weeks, and blood pressure was monitored. Subsequently, effects of HS intake on emotional and cognitive function and tau phosphorylation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HIP) were investigated. The involvement of Ang II-AT1 and PGE2-EP1 systems in HS-induced hypertension and neuronal and behavioural impairments was examined by treatment with losartan, an AT1 receptor blocker (ARB), or EP1 gene knockout. KEY RESULTS We demonstrate that hypertension and impaired social behaviour and object recognition memory following HS intake may be associated with tau hyperphosphorylation, decreased phosphorylation of Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) expression in the PFC and HIP of mice. These changes were blocked by pharmacological treatment with losartan or EP1 receptor gene knockout. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings suggest that the interaction of Ang II-AT1 receptor and PGE2-EP1 receptor systems could be novel therapeutic targets for hypertension-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisayoshi Kubota
- Department of Regulatory Science for Evaluation & Development of Pharmaceuticals & Devices, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Science, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kunisawa
- Department of Regulatory Science for Evaluation & Development of Pharmaceuticals & Devices, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Science, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Bolati Wulaer
- Laboratory of Health and Medical Science Innovation (HMSI), Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Science, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masaya Hasegawa
- Department of Regulatory Science for Evaluation & Development of Pharmaceuticals & Devices, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Science, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kurahashi
- Department of Regulatory Science for Evaluation & Development of Pharmaceuticals & Devices, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Science, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Sakata
- Department of Regulatory Science for Evaluation & Development of Pharmaceuticals & Devices, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Science, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tezuka
- Department of Cellular Function Analysis, Research Promotion and Support Headquarters, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masanori Kugita
- Education and Research Facility of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Center for Research Promotion and Support, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shizuko Nagao
- Education and Research Facility of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Center for Research Promotion and Support, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taku Nagai
- Division of Behavioral Neuropharmacology International Center for Brain Science (ICBS), Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Furuyashiki
- Division of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Saito
- Laboratory of Health and Medical Science Innovation (HMSI), Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Science, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Science, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
- Japanese Drug Organization of Appropriate Use and Research, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nabeshima
- Laboratory of Health and Medical Science Innovation (HMSI), Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Science, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
- Japanese Drug Organization of Appropriate Use and Research, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akihiro Mouri
- Department of Regulatory Science for Evaluation & Development of Pharmaceuticals & Devices, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Science, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
- Japanese Drug Organization of Appropriate Use and Research, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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Bode M, Diemer JN, Luu TV, Ehnert N, Teigeler T, Wiech T, Lindenmeyer MT, Herrnstadt GR, Bülow J, Huber TB, Tomas NM, Wenzel UO. Complement component C3 as a new target to lower albuminuria in hypertensive kidney disease. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:2412-2435. [PMID: 37076314 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Complement activation may drive hypertension through its effects on immunity and tissue integrity. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We examined expression of C3, the central protein of the complement cascade, in hypertension. KEY RESULTS Increased C3 expression was found in kidney biopsies and micro-dissected glomeruli of patients with hypertensive nephropathy. Renal single cell RNA sequence data from normotensive and hypertensive patients confirmed expression of C3 in different cellular compartments of the kidney. In angiotensin II (Ang II) induced hypertension renal C3 expression was up-regulated. C3-/- mice revealed a significant lower albuminuria in the early phase of hypertension. However, no difference was found for blood pressure, renal injury (histology, glomerular filtration rate, inflammation) and cardiac injury (fibrosis, weight, gene expression) between C3-/- and wildtype mice after Ang II infusion. Also, in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) salt hypertension, a significantly lower albuminuria was found in the first weeks of hypertension in C3 deficient mice but no significant difference in renal and cardiac injury. Down-regulation of C3 by C3 targeting GalNAc (n-acetylgalactosamine) small interfering RNA (siRNA) conjugate decreased C3 in the liver by 96% and lowered albuminuria in the early phase but showed no effect on blood pressure and end-organ damage. Inhibition of complement C5 by siRNA showed no effect on albuminuria. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Increased C3 expression is found in the kidneys of hypertensive mice and men. Genetic and therapeutic knockdown of C3 improved albuminuria in the early phase of hypertension but did not ameliorate arterial blood pressure nor renal and cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Bode
- III. Department of Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Niklas Diemer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - The Vinh Luu
- III. Department of Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nikolas Ehnert
- III. Department of Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Teresa Teigeler
- III. Department of Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wiech
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute for Pathology, Section Nephropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maja T Lindenmeyer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Georg R Herrnstadt
- III. Department of Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Bülow
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola M Tomas
- III. Department of Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich O Wenzel
- III. Department of Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Tezel O, Hutson TK, Gist KM, Chima RS, Goldstein SL, Stanski NL. Utilization of Synthetic Human Angiotensin II for Catecholamine-Resistant Vasodilatory Shock in Critically Ill Children: A Single-Center Retrospective Case Series. Crit Care Explor 2023; 5:e0978. [PMID: 37711646 PMCID: PMC10499081 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000000978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe our institutional experience utilizing adjunctive synthetic angiotensin II in critically ill children with catecholamine-resistant vasodilatory shock (CRVS). DESIGN Single-center, retrospective case series. SETTING PICU and cardiac ICU (CICU) at a large, quaternary children's hospital in the United States. PATIENTS Twenty-three pediatric patients with CRVS who were prescribed synthetic angiotensin II at the discretion of bedside clinicians from January 2018 to April 2023. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Twenty-three patients (20 in PICU, 3 in CICU) with a median age of 10.4 years (interquartile range [IQR] 1.5-18.5) received angiotensin II over the study period, 70% of whom died. At the time of angiotensin II initiation, 17 patients (74%) were receiving one or more forms of extracorporeal therapy, and median Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction-2 Score-2 in the prior 24 hours was 9 (IQR 7-11). The median time between initiation of the first vasoactive agent and angiotensin II was 127 hours (IQR 13-289), and the median total norepinephrine equivalent (NED) at initiation was 0.65 μg/kg/min (IQR 0.36-0.78). The median duration of therapy was 27 hours (IQR 4-68), and at each timepoint assessed, patients had median improvement in NED and mean arterial pressure (MAP) with treatment. Survivors initiated angiotensin II nearly 3 days earlier in vasoactive course (91.5 hr vs 161 hr, p = 0.23), and had both greater reduction in NED (-75% [IQR -96 to -50] vs +2.1% [IQR -55 to 33], p = 0.008) and greater increase in MAP (+15 mm Hg [IQR 10-27] vs -1.5 mm Hg [IQR -27 to 18], p = 0.052) at angiotensin II discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate reduction in NED and improved MAP following initiation of angiotensin II in critically ill children with CRVS. Further prospective work is needed to examine optimal timing of angiotensin II initiation, appropriate patient selection, and safety in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oguzhan Tezel
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tamara K Hutson
- Division of Pharmacy, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Katja M Gist
- Division of Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Ranjit S Chima
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Stuart L Goldstein
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Natalja L Stanski
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
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Barhoumi T, Mansour FA, Jalouli M, Alamri HS, Ali R, Harrath AH, Aljumaa M, Boudjelal M. Angiotensin II modulates THP-1-like macrophage phenotype and inflammatory signatures via angiotensin II type 1 receptor. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1129704. [PMID: 37692050 PMCID: PMC10485254 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1129704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a major component of the renin-angiotensin or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which is the main element found to be involved in cardiopathology. Recently, long-term metabolomics studies have linked high levels of angiotensin plasma to inflammatory conditions such as coronary heart disease, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Monocyte/macrophage cellular function and phenotype orchestrate the inflammatory response in various pathological conditions, most notably cardiometabolic disease. An activation of the Ang II system is usually associated with inflammation and cardiovascular disease; however, the direct effect on monocyte/macrophages has still not been well elucidated. Herein, we have evaluated the cellular effects of Ang II on THP-1-derived macrophages. Ang II stimulated the expression of markers involved in monocyte/macrophage cell differentiation (e.g., CD116), as well as adhesion, cell-cell interaction, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis (CD15, CD44, CD33, and CD49F). Yet, Ang II increased the expression of proinflammatory markers (HLA-DR, TNF-α, CD64, CD11c, and CD38) and decreased CD206 (mannose receptor), an M2 marker. Moreover, Ang II induced cytosolic calcium overload, increased reactive oxygen species, and arrested cells in the G1 phase. Most of these effects were induced via the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R). Collectively, our results provide new evidence in support of the effect of Ang II in inflammation associated with cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tlili Barhoumi
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms (MRCFP), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), NGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah A. Mansour
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms (MRCFP), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), NGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maroua Jalouli
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan S. Alamri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences/King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Ali
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms (MRCFP), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), NGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Aljumaa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Boudjelal
- Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms (MRCFP), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), NGHA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Schreier B, Stern C, Rabe S, Mildenberger S, Gekle M. Assessment of the Role of Endothelial and Vascular Smooth Muscle EGFR for Acute Blood Pressure Effects of Angiotensin II and Adrenergic Stimulation in Obese Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2241. [PMID: 37626737 PMCID: PMC10452314 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Obesity is associated with hypertension because of endocrine dysregulation of the adrenergic and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important signaling hub in the cardiovascular system. In this study, we investigate the role of smooth muscle cell (VSMC) and endothelial cell (EC) EGFRs for blood pressure homeostasis and acute vascular reactivity in vivo. (2) Methods: Mice with deletion of the EGFR in the respective cell type received either a high-fat (HFD) or standard-fat diet (SFD) for 18 weeks. Intravascular blood pressure was measured via a Millar catheter in anesthetized animals upon vehicle load, angiotensin II (AII) and phenylephrine (PE) stimulation. (3) Results: We confirmed that deletion of the EGFR in VSMCs leads to reduced blood pressure and a most probably compensatory heart rate increase. EC-EGFR and VSMC-EGFR had only a minor impact on volume-load-induced blood pressure changes in lean as well as in obese wild-type animals. Regarding vasoactive substances, EC-EGFR seems to have no importance for angiotensin II action and counteracting HFD-induced prolonged blood pressure increase upon PE stimulation. VSMC-EGFR supports the blood pressure response to adrenergic and angiotensin II stimulation in lean animals. The responsiveness to AII and alpha-adrenergic stimulation was similar in lean and obese animals despite the known enhanced activity of the RAAS and the sympathetic nervous system under a high-fat diet. (4) Conclusions: We demonstrate that EGFRs in VSMCs and to a lesser extent in ECs modulate short-term vascular reactivity to AII, catecholamines and volume load in lean and obese animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Schreier
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle, Germany
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71
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Zhou M, Song T, Li W, Huang M, Zheng L, Zhao M. Identification and Screening of Potential ACE2 Activating Peptides from Soybean Protein Isolate Hydrolysate against Ang II-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:11957-11969. [PMID: 37501259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a counterregulator against ACE by converting angiotensin II (Ang II) to Ang-(1-7), and its down-regulation leads to endothelial dysfunction in the vascular system. In the present study, we investigated the effects of soybean protein isolate hydrolysate (SPIH) on Ang II-induced endothelial dysfunction with its underlying mechanisms via ACE2 activation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We further screened potential ACE2 activating peptides by peptidomics analysis combined with bioinformatics tools. Results showed that SPIH remarkably attenuated Ang II-induced cell migration from 129 to 92%, decreased the ROS level from 2.22-fold to 1.45-fold, and increased NO concentration from 31.4 ± 0.7 to 43.7 ± 0.1 μM in HUVECs. However, these beneficial effects were reversed by ACE2 inhibitor MLN-4760 to a certain extent, indicating the modulation of ACE2. Further results revealed that SPIH (1 mg/mL) significantly increased the expression and activity of ACE2 and two novel ACE2 activating peptides with different mechanisms were explored from SPIH. IVPQ and IAVPT (50 μM) enhanced ACE2 activity, and only IVPQ (50 μM) increased ACE2 protein expression in HUVECs. These findings furthered our understanding of the antihypertensive mechanism of SPIH mediating the ACE2 activation on vascular endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzhi Zhou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Tianyuan Song
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310018, P.R. China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Mingtao Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe, Henan 462300, P.R. China
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72
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Peltekian L, Gasparini S, Fazan FS, Karthik S, Iverson G, Resch JM, Geerling JC. Sodium appetite and thirst do not require angiotensinogen production in astrocytes or hepatocytes. J Physiol 2023; 601:3499-3532. [PMID: 37291801 DOI: 10.1113/jp283169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to its renal and cardiovascular functions, angiotensin signalling is thought to be responsible for the increases in salt and water intake caused by hypovolaemia. However, it remains unclear whether these behaviours require angiotensin production in the brain or liver. Here, we use in situ hybridization to identify tissue-specific expression of the genes required for producing angiotensin peptides, and then use conditional genetic deletion of the angiotensinogen gene (Agt) to test whether production in the brain or liver is necessary for sodium appetite and thirst. In the mouse brain, we identified expression of Agt (the precursor for all angiotensin peptides) in a large subset of astrocytes. We also identified Ren1 and Ace (encoding enzymes required to produce angiotensin II) expression in the choroid plexus, and Ren1 expression in neurons within the nucleus ambiguus compact formation. In the liver, we confirmed that Agt is widely expressed in hepatocytes. We next tested whether thirst and sodium appetite require angiotensinogen production in astrocytes or hepatocytes. Despite virtually eliminating expression in the brain, deleting astrocytic Agt did not reduce thirst or sodium appetite. Despite markedly reducing angiotensinogen in the blood, eliminating Agt from hepatocytes did not reduce thirst or sodium appetite, and in fact, these mice consumed the largest amounts of salt and water after sodium deprivation. Deleting Agt from both astrocytes and hepatocytes also did not prevent thirst or sodium appetite. Our findings suggest that angiotensin signalling is not required for sodium appetite or thirst and highlight the need to identify alternative signalling mechanisms. KEY POINTS: Angiotensin signalling is thought to be responsible for the increased thirst and sodium appetite caused by hypovolaemia, producing elevated water and sodium intake. Specific cells in separate brain regions express the three genes needed to produce angiotensin peptides, but brain-specific deletion of the angiotensinogen gene (Agt), which encodes the lone precursor for all angiotensin peptides, did not reduce thirst or sodium appetite. Double-deletion of Agt from brain and liver also did not reduce thirst or sodium appetite. Liver-specific deletion of Agt reduced circulating angiotensinogen levels without reducing thirst or sodium appetite. Instead, these angiotensin-deficient mice exhibited an enhanced sodium appetite. Because the physiological mechanisms controlling thirst and sodium appetite continued functioning without angiotensin production in the brain and liver, understanding these mechanisms requires a renewed search for the hypovolaemic signals necessary for activating each behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lila Peltekian
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jon M Resch
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Joel C Geerling
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Muscella A, Resta L, Cossa LG, Marsigliante S. Immunolocalization of the AT-1R Ang II Receptor in Human Kidney Cancer. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1181. [PMID: 37627246 PMCID: PMC10452411 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate AT1-R expression in normal and cancerous human kidneys, how these expressions are modified, and AT1-R functionality. AT-1R mRNA expression, determined by real-time PCR, was detected in all samples. AT-1R mRNA increased in well-differentiated cancer (G1, p < 0.01) and decreased 2.9-fold in undifferentiated cancer (G4, p < 0.001) compared with normal kidney tissues. Immunocytochemistry analysis showed that the AT-1R was expressed in the normal tubular epithelium. The glomerulus was also immunoreactive, and as expected, the smooth muscle cells of the vessel walls also expressed the receptor. A total of 35 out of 42 tumors were AT-1R positive, with the cell tumors showing varying numbers of immunoreactive cells, which were stained in a diffuse cytoplasmic and membranous pattern. Computer-assisted counting of the stained tumor cells showed that the number of AT-1R-positive cells increased in the well-differentiated cancers. The functionality of AT-1R was assessed in primary cultures of kidney epithelial cells obtained from three G3 kidney cancer tissues and corresponding histologically proven non-malignant tissue adjacent to the tumor. Indeed, Ang II stimulated, in a dose-dependent manner, the 24 h proliferation of normal kidney cells and cancer cells in the primary culture and phosphorylated extracellular regulated kinases 1 and 2. In conclusion, Ang II may be involved in the growth or function of neoplastic kidney tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Muscella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Università del Salento, Via Provinciale per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy (S.M.)
| | - Leonardo Resta
- Anatomia Patologica, Università di Bari, Piazza Umberto I, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Luca Giulio Cossa
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Università del Salento, Via Provinciale per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy (S.M.)
| | - Santo Marsigliante
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Università del Salento, Via Provinciale per Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy (S.M.)
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74
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Batista JPT, Faria AOVD, Ribeiro TFS, Simões E Silva AC. The Role of Renin-Angiotensin System in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: A Narrative Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1598. [PMID: 37511973 PMCID: PMC10381689 DOI: 10.3390/life13071598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy refers to myocardial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes, but without the traditional cardiovascular risk factors or overt clinical atherosclerosis and valvular disease. The activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, maladaptive immune responses, imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics, impaired myocyte autophagy, increased myocyte apoptosis, and fibrosis contribute to diabetic cardiomyopathy. This review summarizes the studies that address the link between cardiomyopathy and the RAS in humans and presents proposed pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this association. The RAS plays an important role in the development and progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy. The over-activation of the classical RAS axis in diabetes leads to the increased production of angiotensin (Ang) II, angiotensin type 1 receptor activation, and aldosterone release, contributing to increased oxidative stress, fibrosis, and cardiac remodeling. In contrast, Ang-(1-7) suppresses oxidative stress, inhibits tissue fibrosis, and prevents extensive cardiac remodeling. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers improve heart functioning and reduce the occurrence of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Experimental studies also show beneficial effects for Ang-(1-7) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 infusion in improving heart functioning and tissue injury. Further research is necessary to fully understand the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy and to translate experimental findings into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro Thimotheo Batista
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - André Oliveira Vilela de Faria
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Thomas Felipe Silva Ribeiro
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Simões E Silva
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
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Colin M, Delaitre C, Foulquier S, Dupuis F. The AT 1/AT 2 Receptor Equilibrium Is a Cornerstone of the Regulation of the Renin Angiotensin System beyond the Cardiovascular System. Molecules 2023; 28:5481. [PMID: 37513355 PMCID: PMC10383525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The AT1 receptor has mainly been associated with the pathological effects of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) (e.g., hypertension, heart and kidney diseases), and constitutes a major therapeutic target. In contrast, the AT2 receptor is presented as the protective arm of this RAS, and its targeting via specific agonists is mainly used to counteract the effects of the AT1 receptor. The discovery of a local RAS has highlighted the importance of the balance between AT1/AT2 receptors at the tissue level. Disruption of this balance is suggested to be detrimental. The fine tuning of this balance is not limited to the regulation of the level of expression of these two receptors. Other mechanisms still largely unexplored, such as S-nitrosation of the AT1 receptor, homo- and heterodimerization, and the use of AT1 receptor-biased agonists, may significantly contribute to and/or interfere with the settings of this AT1/AT2 equilibrium. This review will detail, through several examples (the brain, wound healing, and the cellular cycle), the importance of the functional balance between AT1 and AT2 receptors, and how new molecular pharmacological approaches may act on its regulation to open up new therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Colin
- CITHEFOR, Université de Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, MHeNS-School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sébastien Foulquier
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, MHeNS-School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- CARIM-School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Cojocaru E, Cojocaru C, Vlad CE, Eva L. Role of the Renin-Angiotensin System in Long COVID's Cardiovascular Injuries. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2004. [PMID: 37509643 PMCID: PMC10377338 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is one of the biggest challenges of cardiovascular medicine. The significance of the RAS in the chronic progression of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its consequences is one of the topics that are currently being mostly discussed. SARS-CoV-2 undermines the balance between beneficial and harmful RAS pathways. The level of soluble ACE2 and membrane-bound ACE2 are both upregulated by the endocytosis of the SARS-CoV-2/ACE2 complex and the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-converting enzyme (ADAM17)-induced cleavage. Through the link between RAS and the processes of proliferation, the processes of fibrous remodelling of the myocardium are initiated from the acute phase of the disease, continuing into the long COVID stage. In the long term, RAS dysfunction may cause an impairment of its beneficial effects leading to thromboembolic processes and a reduction in perfusion of target organs. The main aspects of ACE2-a key pathogenic role in COVID-19 as well as the mechanisms of RAS involvement in COVID cardiovascular injuries are studied. Therapeutic directions that can be currently anticipated in relation to the various pathogenic pathways of progression of cardiovascular damage in patients with longCOVID have also been outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cojocaru
- Morpho-Functional Sciences II Department, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristian Cojocaru
- Medical III Department, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristiana-Elena Vlad
- Medical II Department, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- "Dr. C. I. Parhon" Clinical Hospital, 700503 Iasi, Romania
| | - Lucian Eva
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Apollonia" University of Iasi, 700511 Iasi, Romania
- "Prof. Dr. Nicolae Oblu" Clinic Emergency Hospital, 700309 Iasi, Romania
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Rodrigues AF, Todiras M, Qadri F, Alenina N, Bader M. Angiotensin deficient FVB/N mice are normotensive. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:1843-1861. [PMID: 36740662 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE All previous rodent models lacking the peptide hormone angiotensin II (Ang II) were hypotensive. A mixed background strain with global deletion of the angiotensinogen gene was backcrossed to the FVB/N background (Agt-KO), a strain preferred for transgenic generation. Surprisingly, the resulting line turned out to be normotensive. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the unique blood pressure regulation of FVB/N mice without angiotensin peptides. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Acute and chronic recordings of blood pressure (BP) in freely-moving adult mice were performed to establish baseline BP. The pressure responses to sympatholytic and sympathomimetic as well as a nitric oxide inhibitor and donor compounds were used to quantify the neurogenic tone and endothelial function. The role of the renal nerves on baseline BP maintenance was tested by renal denervation. Finally, further phenotyping was done by gene expression analysis, histology and measurement of metabolites in plasma, urine and tissues. KEY RESULTS Baseline BP in adult FVB/N Agt-KO was unexpectedly unaltered. As compensatory mechanisms Agt-KO presented an increased sympathetic nerve activity and reduced endothelial nitric oxide production. However, FVB/N Agt-KO exhibited the renal morphological and physiological alterations previously found in mice lacking the production of Ang II including polyuria and hydronephrosis. The hypotensive effect of bilateral renal denervation was blunted in Agt-KO compared to wildtype FVB/N mice. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS We describe a germline Agt-KO line that challenges all previous knowledge on BP regulation in mice with deletion of the classical RAS. This line may represent a model of drug-resistant hypertension because it lacks hypotension.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Felipe Rodrigues
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mihail Todiras
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Nicolae Testemițanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Fatimunnisa Qadri
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Natalia Alenina
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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78
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Ali F, Wang D, Cheng Y, Wu M, Saleem MZ, Wei L, Xie Y, Yan M, Chu J, Yang Y, Shen A, Peng J. Quercetin attenuates angiotensin II-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and p53 pathway activation in vitro and in vivo. Biofactors 2023; 49:956-970. [PMID: 37296538 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is an essential flavonoid mostly found in herbal plants, fruits, and vegetables, which exhibits anti-hypertension properties. However, its pharmacological impact on angiotensin II (Ang II) induced the increase of blood pressure along with in-depth mechanism needs further exploration. The present study pointed out the anti-hypertensive role of quercetin and its comprehensive fundamental mechanisms. Our data showed that quercetin treatment substantially reduced the increase in blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, and aortic thickness of abdominal aorta in Ang II-infused C57BL/6 mice. RNA sequencing revealed that quercetin treatment reversed 464 differentially expressed transcripts in the abdominal aorta of Ang II-infused mice. Moreover, overlapping KEGG-enriched signaling pathways identified multiple common pathways between the comparison of Ang II versus control and Ang II + quercetin versus Ang II. Likewise, these pathways included cell cycle as well as p53 pathways. Transcriptome was further validated by immunohistochemistry, indicating that quercetin treatment significantly decreased the Ang II-induced expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin-dependent kinase-4 (CDK4), and cyclin D1, while increased protein expression of p53, and p21 in abdominal aortic tissues of mice. In vitro, quercetin treatment meaningfully decreased the cell viability, arrested cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, and up-regulated the p53 and p21 proteins expression, as well as down-regulated the protein expression of cell cycle-related markers, for example, CDK4, cyclin D1 in Ang II stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). This study addresses pharmacologic and mechanistic perspectives of quercetin against Ang-II-induced vascular injury and the increase of blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farman Ali
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Di Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Meizhu Wu
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Muhammad Zubair Saleem
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Center for Innovation and Transformation of Science and Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Mengchao Yan
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jiangfeng Chu
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Center for Innovation and Transformation of Science and Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Aling Shen
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Center for Innovation and Transformation of Science and Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Clinical Research Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Addison ML, Ranasinghe P, Webb DJ. Emerging insights and future prospects for therapeutic application of siRNA targeting angiotensinogen in hypertension. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2023; 16:1025-1033. [PMID: 37897397 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2023.2277330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypertension is the main global risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Despite this, less than half of treated hypertensive patients are controlled. One reason for this is nonadherence, a major unmet need in hypertension pharmacotherapy. Small interfering RNA (small interfering ribonucleic acid) therapies inhibit protein translation, and, when linked to N-acetylgalactosamine, allow liver-specific targeting, and durability over several months. Targeted knockdown of hepatic angiotensinogen, the source of all angiotensins, offers a precision medicine approach. AREAS COVERED This article describes the molecular basis for durability over months and the 24-h tonic target inhibition observed after one administration. We present an analysis of the published phase I trials using zilebesiran, a siRNA targeting hepatic angiotensinogen, which reduces blood pressure (BP) by up to 20 mmHg, lasting 24 weeks. Finally, we examine data evaluating reversibility of angiotensinogen knockdown and its relevance to the future clinical utility of zilebesiran. EXPERT OPINION Further studies should assess safety, efficacy, and outcomes in larger, more broadly representative groups. An advantage of zilebesiran is the potential for bi-annual dosing, thereby reducing nonadherence and improving control rates. It may also reduce nighttime BP due to 24-h tonic control. The provision of adherence assessment services will maximize the clinical value of zilebesiran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisande L Addison
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Priyanga Ranasinghe
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - David J Webb
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Kamhieh-Milz J, Chen L, Goettsch C, Pfefferkorn AM, Hofmann A, Brunssen C, Müller G, Walther T, Ashraf MI, Moll G, Morawietz H, Witowski J, Catar R. Ang II Promotes ET-1 Production by Regulating NOX2 Activity Through Transcription Factor Oct-1. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023. [PMID: 37381986 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that superoxide ions produced by NOX (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases) mediate vascular effects of Ang II (angiotensin II) evoked by atherogenic diets. Here, we analyzed the mechanism by which NOX2 contributes to Ang II-induced ET-1 (endothelin 1) production in human microvascular endothelial cells. METHODS The effects of high-fat diet were compared between WT (wild type) and Nox2 (mouse NOX2 gene)-deficient mice. ET-1 production and NOX2 expression by human microvascular endothelial cells in vitro were analyzed by ELISA, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, promoter deletions, RNA interference, and pharmacological inhibition. Production of superoxide anions was visualized by fluorescent cell labeling. RESULTS Feeding mice high-fat diet for 10 weeks increased cardiac expression and plasma levels of Ang II and ET-1 in WT but not in Nox2-deficient animals. Exposure of human microvascular endothelial cells to Ang II resulted in increased ET-1 production, which could be blocked by silencing NOX2 (human NOX2 gene). Ang II promoted NOX2 expression through induction of the Oct-1 (human/mouse octamer binding transcription factor 1 protein) and activation of the NOX2 promoter region containing Oct-1-binding sites. Stimulation of NOX2 expression by Ang II was associated with increased production of superoxide anions. Inhibition of Oct-1 by small interfering RNA reduced Ang II-induced NOX2 expression and superoxide anion production, and neutralization of superoxide by SOD (superoxide dismutase) abolished Ang II-stimulated ET1 (human ET-1 gene) promoter activity, ET1 mRNA expression, and ET-1 release. CONCLUSIONS Ang II may promote ET-1 production in the endothelium in response to atherogenic diets through a mechanism that involves the transcription factor Oct-1 and the increased formation of superoxide anions by NOX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Kamhieh-Milz
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. (J.K.-M.)
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. (L.C., G. Moll, R.C.)
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China (L.C.)
| | - Claudia Goettsch
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany. (C.G., A.H., C.B., G. Müller, H.M.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I-Cardiology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (C.G.)
| | - Anna Maria Pfefferkorn
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. (A.M.P., M.I.A.)
| | - Anja Hofmann
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany. (C.G., A.H., C.B., G. Müller, H.M.)
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany. (A.H.)
| | - Coy Brunssen
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany. (C.G., A.H., C.B., G. Müller, H.M.)
| | - Gregor Müller
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany. (C.G., A.H., C.B., G. Müller, H.M.)
| | - Thomas Walther
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine and School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Ireland (T.W.)
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany (T.W.)
| | - Muhammad Imtiaz Ashraf
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. (A.M.P., M.I.A.)
| | - Guido Moll
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. (L.C., G. Moll, R.C.)
| | - Henning Morawietz
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany. (C.G., A.H., C.B., G. Müller, H.M.)
| | - Janusz Witowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland (J.W.)
| | - Rusan Catar
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. (L.C., G. Moll, R.C.)
- Berlin Institute of Health, Germany (R.C.)
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Castoldi G, Carletti R, Ippolito S, Colzani M, Pelucchi S, Zerbini G, Perseghin G, Zatti G, di Gioia CRT. Cardioprotective Effects of Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition in Angiotensin II-Dependent Hypertension Are Mediated by the Local Reduction of Sympathetic Activity and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10710. [PMID: 37445888 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardioprotective effects of sodium glucose cotrasponter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors seem to be independent from the effects on glycemic control, through little-known mechanisms. In this study, we investigate whether the cardioprotective effects of empagliflozin, a SGLT2 inhibitor, may be associated with myocardial sympathetic activity and inflammatory cell infiltration in an experimental model of angiotensin II-dependent hypertension. Angiotensin II (Ang II), Ang II plus Empagliflozin, physiological saline, or physiological saline plus empagliflozin were administered to Sprague Dawley rats for two weeks. Blood pressure was measured by plethysmographic method. Myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis were analysed by histomorphometry, and inflammatory cell infiltration and tyrosine hydroxylase expression, implemented as a marker of sympathetic activity, were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Ang II increased blood pressure, myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammatory infiltrates and tyrosine hydroxylase expression, as compared to the control group. Empagliflozin administration prevented the development of myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammatory infiltrates and tyrosine hydroxylase overexpression in Ang II-treated rats, without affecting blood glucose and the Ang II-dependent increase in blood pressure. These data demonstrate that the cardioprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibition in Ang II-dependent hypertension may result from the myocardial reduction of sympathetic activity and inflammation and are independent of the modulation of blood pressure and blood glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Castoldi
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Raffaella Carletti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale e di Precisione, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Ippolito
- Laboratorio Analisi Chimico Cliniche, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Colzani
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Sara Pelucchi
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Zerbini
- Unita' Complicanze del Diabete, IRCCS Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Gianluca Perseghin
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Riabilitazione, Policlinico di Monza, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zatti
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
- Clinica Ortopedica, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Cira R T di Gioia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Oncologiche e Anatomopatologiche, Istituto di Anatomia Patologica, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Riascos-Bernal DF, Ressa G, Korrapati A, Sibinga NES. The FAT1 Cadherin Drives Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration. Cells 2023; 12:1621. [PMID: 37371091 PMCID: PMC10297709 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are normally quiescent and non-migratory, regulating the contraction and relaxation of blood vessels to control the vascular tone. In response to arterial injury, these cells become active; they proliferate, secrete matrix proteins, and migrate, and thereby contribute importantly to the progression of several cardiovascular diseases. VSMC migration specifically supports atherosclerosis, restenosis after catheter-based intervention, transplant vasculopathy, and vascular remodeling during the formation of aneurysms. The atypical cadherin FAT1 is expressed robustly in activated VSMCs and promotes their migration. A positive role of FAT1 in the migration of other cell types, including neurons, fibroblasts, podocytes, and astrocyte progenitors, has also been described. In cancer biology, however, the effect of FAT1 on migration depends on the cancer type or context, as FAT1 either suppresses or enhances cancer cell migration and invasion. With this review, we describe what is known about FAT1's effects on cell migration as well as the factors that influence FAT1-dependent migration. In VSMCs, these factors include angiotensin II, which activates FAT1 expression and cell migration, and proteins of the Atrophin family: Atrophin-1 and the short isoform of Atrophin-2, which promote VSMC migration, and the long isoform of Atrophin-2, which exerts negative effects on FAT1-dependent VSMC migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario F. Riascos-Bernal
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (G.R.); (A.K.)
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Gaia Ressa
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (G.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Anish Korrapati
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (G.R.); (A.K.)
| | - Nicholas E. S. Sibinga
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology) and Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (G.R.); (A.K.)
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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Panthiya L, Tocharus J, Chaichompoo W, Suksamrarn A, Tocharus C. Hexahydrocurcumin mitigates angiotensin II-induced proliferation, migration, and inflammation in vascular smooth muscle cells. EXCLI J 2023; 22:466-481. [PMID: 37534221 PMCID: PMC10391613 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play vital roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and hypertension. It has been proposed and verified that hexahydrocurcumin (HHC), a metabolite form of curcumin, has cardiovascular protective effects. This study examined the effect of HHC on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced proliferation, migration, and inflammation in rat aortic VSMCs and explored the molecular mechanisms related to the processes. The results showed that HHC significantly suppressed Ang II-induced proliferation, migration, and inflammation in VSMCs. HHC inhibited Ang II-induction of the increase in cyclin D1 and decrease in p21 expression in VSMCs. Moreover, HHC attenuated the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP9) in Ang II-induced VSMCs. The proliferation, migration, inflammation, and ROS production were also inhibited by GKT137831 (NADPH oxidase, NOX1/4 inhibitor) and the combination of HHC and GKT137831. In addition, HHC restored the Ang-II inhibited expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). These findings indicate that HHC may play a protective role in Ang II-promoted proliferation, migration, and inflammation by suppressing NADPH oxidase mediated ROS generation and elevating PPAR-γ and PGC-1α expression. See also Figure 1(Fig. 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luckika Panthiya
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Jiraporn Tocharus
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Waraluck Chaichompoo
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence of Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence of Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Chainarong Tocharus
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Functional Food Research Center for Well-Being, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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84
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Figueiredo Galvao HB, Dinh QN, Thomas JM, Wassef F, Diep H, Bobik A, Sobey CG, Drummond GR, Vinh A. Proteasome inhibition reduces plasma cell and antibody secretion, but not angiotensin II-induced hypertension. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1184982. [PMID: 37332591 PMCID: PMC10272792 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1184982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Depletion of mature B cells affords protection against experimental hypertension. However, whether B cell-mediated hypertension is dependent on differentiation into antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) remains unclear. Using the proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, the present study tested the effect of ASC reduction on angiotensin II-induced hypertension. Methods Male C57BL6/J mice were infused with angiotensin II (0.7 mg/kg/day; s.c.) for 28 days via osmotic minipump to induce hypertension. Normotensive control mice received saline infusion. Bortezomib (750 μg/kg) or vehicle (0.1% DMSO) was administered (i.v.) 3 days prior to minipump implantation, and twice weekly thereafter. Systolic blood pressure was measured weekly using tail-cuff plethysmography. Spleen and bone marrow B1 (CD19+B220-), B2 (B220+CD19+) and ASCs (CD138hiSca-1+Blimp-1+) were enumerated by flow cytometry. Serum immunoglobulins were quantified using a bead-based immunoassay. Results Bortezomib treatment reduced splenic ASCs by ∼68% and ∼64% compared to vehicle treatment in normotensive (2.00 ± 0.30 vs. 0.64 ± 0.15 × 105 cells; n = 10-11) and hypertensive mice (0.52 ± 0.11 vs. 0.14 ± 0.02 × 105 cells; n = 9-11), respectively. Bone marrow ASCs were also reduced by bortezomib in both normotensive (4.75 ± 1.53 vs. 1.71 ± 0.41 × 103 cells; n = 9-11) and hypertensive mice (4.12 ± 0.82 vs. 0.89 ± 0.18 × 103 cells; n = 9-11). Consistent with ASC reductions, bortezomib reduced serum IgM and IgG2a in all mice. Despite these reductions in ASCs and antibody levels, bortezomib did not affect angiotensin II-induced hypertension over 28 days (vehicle: 182 ± 4 mmHg vs. bortezomib: 177 ± 7 mmHg; n = 9-11). Conclusion Reductions in ASCs and circulating IgG2a and IgM did not ameliorate experimental hypertension, suggesting other immunoglobulin isotypes or B cell effector functions may promote angiotensin II-induced hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hericka Bruna Figueiredo Galvao
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Quynh Nhu Dinh
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jordyn M. Thomas
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Flavia Wassef
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Henry Diep
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alex Bobik
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Prahran, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher G. Sobey
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Prahran, Australia
| | - Grant R. Drummond
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Prahran, Australia
| | - Antony Vinh
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Zhao SS, Lyu H, Zeng C, Lei G, Wei J, Mackie SL. Angiotensin receptor blockade is associated with increased risk of giant cell arteritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:2203-2210. [PMID: 36255257 PMCID: PMC10234186 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Angiotensin II is implicated in GCA pathology. We examined whether the use of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) is associated with GCA risk compared with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) or other antihypertensives. METHODS We performed a matched cohort study including adults who were initiators of antihypertensives in UK primary care data between 1995 and 2019. Treatment-naïve individuals without prior GCA or PMR were categorized into three groups-ARB initiators, ACEi initiators, or other antihypertensive initiators (beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics or alpha-adrenoceptor blockers)-and followed for up to 5 years. Incident GCA was defined using validated Read codes, with age of onset ≥50 years and two or more glucocorticoid prescriptions. Inverse probability-weighted Cox models were used to model outcome risk, adjusting for lifestyle parameters, comorbidities and comedications. RESULTS Among >1 million new starters of antihypertensives (81 780 ARBs, 422 940 ACEis and 873 066 other antihypertensives), the incidence rate of GCA per 10 000 patient-years was 2.73 (95% CI 2.12, 3.50) in the ARB group, 1.76 (95% CI 1.25, 2.39) in the ACEi group and 1.90 (95% CI 1.37, 2.56) in the other antihypertensives group. The hazard of GCA was higher in ARB initiators [hazard ratio (HR) 1.55; 95% CI 1.16, 2.06] than initiators of ACEis, but similar between initiators of other antihypertensives and ACEis (HR 1.08; 95% CI 0.87, 1.35). CONCLUSIONS Initiation of ARBs is associated with a higher risk of GCA compared with ACEis or other antihypertensives. Mechanistic studies of angiotensin receptor biology will provide further clarity for our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sizheng Steven Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis, Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Science, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Houchen Lyu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Methodology, National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha, China
| | - Guanghua Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury, Changsha, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sarah L Mackie
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Zang X, Zhao Z, Chen K, Song W, Ma J, Fu H, Wang X, Zhao Y. SHP-1 alleviates atrial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation by modulating STAT3 activation. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:979-990. [PMID: 37226737 PMCID: PMC10525403 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231165717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) has a well-established role in myocardial infarction, yet its involvement in atrial fibrosis and atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been elucidated. As cardiac arrhythmias caused by AF are a major global health concern, we investigated whether SHP-1 modulates AF development. The degree of atrial fibrosis was examined using Masson's trichrome staining, and SHP-1 expression in the human atrium was assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and western blotting (WB). We also examined SHP-1 expression in cardiac tissue from an AF mouse model, as well as in angiotensin II (Ang II)-treated mouse atrial myocytes and fibroblasts. We found that SHP-1 expression was reduced with the aggravation of atrial fibrosis in clinical samples of patients with AF. SHP-1 was also downregulated in the heart tissue of AF mice and Ang II-treated myocytes and fibroblasts, compared with that in the control groups. Next, we demonstrated that SHP-1 overexpression alleviated AF severity in mice by injecting a lentiviral vector into the pericardial space. In Ang II-treated myocytes and fibroblasts, we observed excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (SMAD2) pathway activation, all of which were counteracted by the overexpression of SHP-1. Our WB data showed that STAT3 activation was inversely correlated with SHP-1 expression in samples from patients with AF, AF mice, and Ang II-treated cells. Furthermore, administration of colivelin, a STAT3 agonist, in SHP-1-overexpressing, Ang II-treated myocytes and fibroblasts resulted in higher levels of ECM deposition, ROS generation, and TGF-β1/SMAD2 activation. These findings indicate that SHP-1 regulates AF fibrosis progression by modulating STAT3 activation and is thus a potential treatment target for atrial fibrosis and AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobiao Zang
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
| | - Zhihan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
| | - Weifeng Song
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
| | - Jifang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
| | - Haixia Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
| | - Xianqing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
| | - Yonghui Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou 451460, China
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Gutsol AA, Hale TM, Thibodeau JF, Holterman CE, Nasrallah R, Correa JWN, Touyz RM, Kennedy CRJ, Burger D, Hébert RL, Burns KD. Comparative Analysis of Hypertensive Tubulopathy in Animal Models of Hypertension and Its Relevance to Human Pathology. Toxicol Pathol 2023; 51:160-175. [PMID: 37632371 DOI: 10.1177/01926233231191128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of hypertensive tubulopathy for more than fifty animal models of hypertension in experimental pathology employs criteria that do not correspond to lesional descriptors for tubular lesions in clinical pathology. We provide a critical appraisal of experimental hypertension with the same approach used to estimate hypertensive renal tubulopathy in humans. Four models with different pathogenesis of hypertension were analyzed-chronic angiotensin (Ang) II-infused and renin-overexpressing (TTRhRen) mice, spontaneously hypertensive (SHR), and Goldblatt two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) rats. Mouse models, SHR, and the nonclipped kidney in 2K1C rats had no regular signs of hypertensive tubulopathy. Histopathology in animals was mild and limited to variations in the volume density of tubular lumen and epithelium, interstitial space, and interstitial collagen. Affected kidneys in animals demonstrated lesion values that are significantly different compared with healthy controls but correspond to mild damage if compared with hypertensive humans. The most substantial human-like hypertensive tubulopathy was detected in the clipped kidney of 2K1C rats. For the first time, our study demonstrated the regular presence of chronic progressive nephropathy (CPN) in relatively young mice and rats with induced hypertension. Because CPN may confound the assessment of rodent models of hypertension, proliferative markers should be used to verify nonhypertensive tubulopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex A Gutsol
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Taben M Hale
- The University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Chris R J Kennedy
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dylan Burger
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard L Hébert
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevin D Burns
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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88
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Pereira ED, Zenatti AA, Menani JV, De Luca LA, Andrade CAF. Inhibition of salty taste and sodium appetite by estrogens in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1163568. [PMID: 37284542 PMCID: PMC10240049 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1163568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen has a well-known effect of reducing salt intake in rats. This mini review focuses on recent findings regarding the interaction of estradiol with brain angiotensin II to control increased sodium palatability that occurs as a result of sodium appetite in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
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89
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Nemoto W, Yamagata R, Nakagawasai O, Tan-No K. Angiotensin-Related Peptides and Their Role in Pain Regulation. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:biology12050755. [PMID: 37237567 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin (Ang)-generating system has been confirmed to play an important role in the regulation of fluid balance and blood pressure and is essential for the maintenance of biological functions. Ang-related peptides and their receptors are found throughout the body and exhibit diverse physiological effects. Accordingly, elucidating novel physiological roles of Ang-generating system has attracted considerable research attention worldwide. Ang-generating system consists of the classical Ang-converting enzyme (ACE)/Ang II/AT1 or AT2 receptor axis and the ACE2/Ang (1-7)/MAS1 receptor axis, which negatively regulates AT1 receptor-mediated responses. These Ang system components are expressed in various tissues and organs, forming a local Ang-generating system. Recent findings indicate that changes in the expression of Ang system components under pathological conditions are involved in the development of neuropathy, inflammation, and their associated pain. Here, we summarized the effects of changes in the Ang system on pain transmission in various organs and tissues involved in pain development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Nemoto
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Ryota Yamagata
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Osamu Nakagawasai
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Koichi Tan-No
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
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90
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Kozlakidis Z, Shi P, Abarbanel G, Klein C, Sfera A. Recent Developments in Protein Lactylation in PTSD and CVD: Novel Strategies and Targets. BioTech (Basel) 2023; 12:38. [PMID: 37218755 PMCID: PMC10204439 DOI: 10.3390/biotech12020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In 1938, Corneille Heymans received the Nobel Prize in physiology for discovering that oxygen sensing in the aortic arch and carotid sinus was mediated by the nervous system. The genetics of this process remained unclear until 1991 when Gregg Semenza while studying erythropoietin, came upon hypoxia-inducible factor 1, for which he obtained the Nobel Prize in 2019. The same year, Yingming Zhao found protein lactylation, a posttranslational modification that can alter the function of hypoxia-inducible factor 1, the master regulator of cellular senescence, a pathology implicated in both post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The genetic correlation between PTSD and CVD has been demonstrated by many studies, of which the most recent one utilizes large-scale genetics to estimate the risk factors for these conditions. This study focuses on the role of hypertension and dysfunctional interleukin 7 in PTSD and CVD, the former caused by stress-induced sympathetic arousal and elevated angiotensin II, while the latter links stress to premature endothelial cell senescence and early vascular aging. This review summarizes the recent developments and highlights several novel PTSD and CVD pharmacological targets. They include lactylation of histone and non-histone proteins, along with the related biomolecular actors such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, erythropoietin, acid-sensing ion channels, basigin, and Interleukin 7, as well as strategies to delay premature cellular senescence by telomere lengthening and resetting the epigenetic clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisis Kozlakidis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization (IARC/WHO), 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Patricia Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Ganna Abarbanel
- Patton State Hospital, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | | | - Adonis Sfera
- Patton State Hospital, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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91
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Nishimura H, Jin D, Kinoshita I, Taniuchi M, Higashino M, Terada T, Takai S, Kawata R. Increased Chymase-Positive Mast Cells in High-Grade Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098267. [PMID: 37175975 PMCID: PMC10179695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
It has long been known that high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) has a poor prognosis, but the detailed molecular and biological mechanisms underlying this are not fully understood. In the present study, the pattern of chymase-positive mast cells, as well as chymase gene expression, in high-grade MEC was compared to that of low-grade and intermediate-grade MEC by using 44 resected tumor samples of MEC of the parotid gland. Chymase expression, as well as chymase-positive mast cells, was found to be markedly increased in high-grade MEC. Significant increases in PCNA-positive cells and VEGF gene expression, as well as lymphangiogenesis, were also confirmed in high-grade MEC. Chymase substrates, such as the latent transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) 1 and pro-matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, were also detected immunohistologically in high-grade MEC. These findings suggested that the increased chymase activity may increase proliferative activity, as well as metastasis in the malignant condition, and the inhibition of chymase may be a strategy to improve the poor prognosis of high-grade MEC of the parotid gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Nishimura
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki-City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
| | - Denan Jin
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki-City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ichita Kinoshita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki-City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masataka Taniuchi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki-City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaaki Higashino
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki-City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Terada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki-City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Takai
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki-City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryo Kawata
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki-City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
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Swiderski J, Gadanec LK, Apostolopoulos V, Moore GJ, Kelaidonis K, Matsoukas JM, Zulli A. Role of Angiotensin II in Cardiovascular Diseases: Introducing Bisartans as a Novel Therapy for Coronavirus 2019. Biomolecules 2023; 13:787. [PMID: 37238657 PMCID: PMC10216788 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main contributors to global morbidity and mortality. Major pathogenic phenotypes of CVDs include the development of endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and hyper-inflammatory responses. These phenotypes have been found to overlap with the pathophysiological complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). CVDs have been identified as major risk factors for severe and fatal COVID-19 states. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is an important regulatory system in cardiovascular homeostasis. However, its dysregulation is observed in CVDs, where upregulation of angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) signaling via angiotensin II (AngII) leads to the AngII-dependent pathogenic development of CVDs. Additionally, the interaction between the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 leads to the downregulation of the latter, resulting in the dysregulation of the RAS. This dysregulation favors AngII/AT1R toxic signaling pathways, providing a mechanical link between cardiovascular pathology and COVID-19. Therefore, inhibiting AngII/AT1R signaling through angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) has been indicated as a promising therapeutic approach to the treatment of COVID-19. Herein, we review the role of AngII in CVDs and its upregulation in COVID-19. We also provide a future direction for the potential implication of a novel class of ARBs called bisartans, which are speculated to contain multifunctional targeting towards COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Swiderski
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; (J.S.); (L.K.G.); (V.A.)
| | - Laura Kate Gadanec
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; (J.S.); (L.K.G.); (V.A.)
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; (J.S.); (L.K.G.); (V.A.)
- Immunology Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - Graham J. Moore
- Pepmetics Incorporated, 772 Murphy Place, Victoria, BC V8Y 3H4, Canada;
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | | | - John M. Matsoukas
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; (J.S.); (L.K.G.); (V.A.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- NewDrug PC, Patras Science Park, 26500 Patras, Greece;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia; (J.S.); (L.K.G.); (V.A.)
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Tao Y, Yazdizadeh Shotorbani P, Inman D, Das-Earl P, Ma R. Store-operated Ca 2+ entry inhibition ameliorates high glucose and ANG II-induced podocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial damage. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 324:F494-F504. [PMID: 36995925 PMCID: PMC10151057 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00297.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia and increased activity of the renal angiotensin II (ANG II) system are two primary pathogenic stimuli for the onset and progression of podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is an important mechanism that helps maintain cell Ca2+ homeostasis in both excitable and nonexcitable cells. Our previous study demonstrated that high glucose (HG) enhanced podocyte SOCE (1). It is also known that ANG II activates SOCE by releasing endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+. However, the role of SOCE in stress-induced podocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction remains unclear. The present study was aimed to determine whether enhanced SOCE mediated HG- and ANG II-induced podocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial damage. In kidneys of mice with diabetic nephropathy, the number of podocytes was significantly reduced. In cultured human podocytes, both HG and ANG II treatment induced podocyte apoptosis, which was significantly blunted by an SOCE inhibitor, BTP2. Seahorse analysis showed that podocyte oxidative phosphorylation in response to HG and ANG II was impaired. This impairment was significantly alleviated by BTP2. The SOCE inhibitor, but not a transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 6 inhibitor, significantly blunted the damage of podocyte mitochondrial respiration induced by ANG II treatment. Furthermore, BTP2 reversed impaired mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production and enhanced mitochondrial superoxide generation induced by HG treatment. Finally, BTP2 prevented the overwhelming Ca2+ uptake in HG-treated podocytes. Taken together, our results suggest that enhanced SOCE mediated HG- and ANG II-induced podocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial injury.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study tested the hypothesis that overwhelming store-operated Ca2+ entry is a novel mechanism contributing to high glucose- and angiotensin II-induced podocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tao
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Parisa Yazdizadeh Shotorbani
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Denise Inman
- The North Texas Eye Research Institute and Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Paromita Das-Earl
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
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94
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Ramirez LA, Mohamed R, Marin T, Brands MW, Snyder E, Sullivan JC. Perinatal intermittent hypoxia increases early susceptibility to ANG II-induced hypertension in adult male but not in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 324:F483-F493. [PMID: 36951371 PMCID: PMC10151053 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00308.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal, perinatal, and adulthood exposure to chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) increases blood pressure in rodents. Males exposed to chronic IH have higher blood pressure versus females. However, it is unknown if this same-sex difference exists with acute perinatal IH. We tested the hypothesis that acute perinatal IH increases baseline blood pressure and enhances sensitivity to angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced hypertension in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Male and female pups were randomized to control (room air) or IH (10 min of ∼10% O2 for 3 times/day) for the first 8 days of life. IH decreased oxygen saturation, as confirmed via a pulse oximeter. Pups were weaned at postnatal day 21. Blood pressure was measured via telemetry beginning at 14 wk of age and analyzed separately into light and dark phases to assess circadian rhythm. Osmotic minipumps to deliver ANG II were implanted at 15 wk of age. Perinatal IH exposure did not alter baseline blood pressure. One week of ANG II treatment increased blood pressure in light and dark periods in males exposed to IH versus control; there was no effect in females. Blood pressure among the groups was comparable following 2 wk of ANG II infusion. Perinatal IH did not change the circadian rhythm. Following ANG II treatment, indexes of renal injury were measured. Perinatal IH did not alter kidney size, structure, nephron number, or creatinine clearance. These data indicate that acute perinatal IH enhances early ANG II-induced hypertension in males, independent of nephron loss or decreases in body weight or kidney function.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The impact of acute intermittent hypoxia (IH) in early life on blood pressure in adulthood is unknown. This study used a new model exposing female and male rat pups to acute IH in the first 8 days of life, without exposing the dam. Although baseline blood pressure was not altered in adulthood, IH increased susceptibility to angiotensin II hypertension only in males, supporting increased susceptibility of males exposed to IH to a second cardiovascular stressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A Ramirez
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Riyaz Mohamed
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Terri Marin
- Department of Nursing Science, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Michael W Brands
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Elizabeth Snyder
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Jennifer C Sullivan
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
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95
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Ahmad S, Wright KN, VonCannon JL, Ferrario CM, Ola MS, Choudhary M, Malek G, Gustafson JR, Sappington RM. Internalization of Angiotensin-(1-12) in Adult Retinal Pigment Epithelial-19 Cells. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2023; 39:290-299. [PMID: 36944130 PMCID: PMC10178934 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2022.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Angiotensin-(1-12) [Ang-(1-12)] serves as a primary substrate to generate angiotensin II (Ang II) by angiotensin-converting enzyme and/or chymase suggests it may be an unrecognized source of Ang II-mediated microvascular complication in hypertension-mediated retinopathy. We investigated Ang-(1-12) expression and internalization in adult retinal pigment epithelial-19 (ARPE-19) cultured cells. We performed the internalization of Ang-(1-12) in ARPE-19 cells in the presence of a highly specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) developed against the C-terminal end of the Ang-(1-12) sequence. Methods: All experiments were performed in confluent ARPE-19 cells (passage 28-35). We employed high-performance liquid chromatography to purify radiolabeled, 125I-Ang-(1-12) and immuno-neutralization with Ang-(1-12) mAb to demonstrate Ang-(1-12)'s internalization in ARPE-19 cells. Internalization was also demonstrated by immunofluorescence (IF) method. Results: These procedures revealed internalization of an intact 125I-Ang-(1-12) in ARPE-19 cells. A significant reduction (∼53%, P < 0.0001) in 125I-Ang-(1-12) internalization was detected in APRE-19 cells in the presence of the mAb. IF staining experiments further confirms internalization of Ang-(1-12) into the cells from the extracellular culture medium. No endogenous expression was detected in the ARPE-19 cells. An increased intensity of IF staining was detected in cells exposed to 1.0 μM Ang-(1-12) compared with 0.1 μM. Furthermore, we found hydrolysis of Ang-(1-12) into Ang II by ARPE-19 cells' plasma membranes. Conclusions: Intact Ang-(1-12) peptide is internalized from the extracellular spaces in ARPE-19 cells and metabolized into Ang II. The finding that a selective mAb blocks cellular internalization of Ang-(1-12) suggests alternate therapeutic approaches to prevent/reduce the RPE cells Ang II burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarfaraz Ahmad
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kendra N. Wright
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jessica L. VonCannon
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carlos M. Ferrario
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mohammad S. Ola
- Department of Biochemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mayur Choudhary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Goldis Malek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jenna R. Gustafson
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rebecca M. Sappington
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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96
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Suzuki J, Kaji K, Nishimura N, Kubo T, Tomooka F, Shibamoto A, Iwai S, Tsuji Y, Fujinaga Y, Kitagawa K, Namisaki T, Akahane T, Yoshiji H. A Combination of an Angiotensin II Receptor and a Neprilysin Inhibitor Attenuates Liver Fibrosis by Preventing Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051295. [PMID: 37238965 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system has gained attention due to its role as a mediator of liver fibrosis and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Meanwhile, the natriuretic peptide (NP) system, including atrial NP (ANP) and C-type NP (CNP), is a counter-regulatory hormone regulated by neprilysin. Although the combination of an angiotensin receptor and a neprilysin inhibitor (sacubitril/valsartan: SAC/VAL) has shown clinical efficacy in patients with heart failure, its potential effects on hepatic fibrosis have not been clarified. This study assessed the effects of SAC/VAL in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced murine liver fibrosis as well as the in vitro phenotypes of HSCs. Treatment with SAC and VAL markedly attenuated CCl4-induced liver fibrosis while reducing α-SMA+-HSC expansion and decreasing hepatic hydroxyproline and mRNA levels of pro-fibrogenic markers. Treatment with SAC increased plasma ANP and CNP levels in CCl4-treated mice, and ANP effectively suppressed cell proliferation and TGF-β-stimulated MMP2 and TIMP2 expression in LX-2 cells by activating guanylate cyclase-A/cGMP/protein kinase G signaling. Meanwhile, CNP did not affect the pro-fibrogenic activity of LX-2 cells. Moreover, VAL directly inhibited angiotensin II (AT-II)-stimulated cell proliferation and the expression of TIMP1 and CTGF through the blockade of the AT-II type 1 receptor/protein kinase C pathway. Collectively, SAC/VAL may be a novel therapeutic treatment for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kaji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Norihisa Nishimura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kubo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Fumimasa Tomooka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Akihiko Shibamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Yuki Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Yukihisa Fujinaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Koh Kitagawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Tadashi Namisaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Takemi Akahane
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoshiji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan
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97
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Zhang Q, Shen Y, Niloy SI, O'Rourke ST, Sun C. Chronic Effects of Apelin on Cardiovascular Regulation and Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040600. [PMID: 37111357 PMCID: PMC10145143 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Apelin, by stimulation of APJ receptors, induces transient blood pressure (BP) reduction and positive inotropic effects. APJ receptors share high homology with the Ang II type 1 receptor; thus, apelin was proposed to play a protective role in cardiovascular disease by antagonizing the actions of Ang II. In this regard, apelin and apelin-mimetics are currently being studied in clinical trials. However, the chronic effect of apelin in cardiovascular regulation has not been fully investigated. In the current study, blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded using a telemetry implantation approach in conscious rats, before and during chronic subcutaneous infusion of apelin-13, using osmotic minipumps. At the end of the recording, the cardiac myocyte morphology was examined using H&E staining, and cardiac fibrosis was evaluated by Sirius Red in each group of rats. The results demonstrated that the chronic infusion of apelin-13 did not change either BP or HR. However, under the same condition, the chronic infusion of Ang II induced significant BP elevation, cardiac hypertrophy, and fibrosis. Co-administration of apelin-13 did not significantly alter the Ang II-induced elevation in BP, changes in cardiac morphology, and fibrosis. Taken together, our experiments showed an unexpected result indicating that the chronic administration of apelin-13 did not alter basal BP, nor did it change Ang II-induced hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. The findings suggest that an APJ receptor biased agonist could be a better therapeutic alternative for treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - Yue Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - Sayeman Islam Niloy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - Stephen T O'Rourke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - Chengwen Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
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98
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Althammer F, Roy RK, Kirchner MK, Campos-Lira E, Whitley KE, Davis S, Montanez J, Ferreira-Neto HC, Danh J, Feresin R, Biancardi VC, Zafar U, Parent MB, Stern JE. Angiotensin II-Mediated Neuroinflammation in the Hippocampus Contributes to Neuronal Deficits and Cognitive Impairment in Heart Failure Rats. Hypertension 2023; 80:1258-1273. [PMID: 37035922 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.21070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is a debilitating disease affecting >64 million people worldwide. In addition to impaired cardiovascular performance and associated systemic complications, most patients with HF suffer from depression and substantial cognitive decline. Although neuroinflammation and brain hypoperfusion occur in humans and rodents with HF, the underlying neuronal substrates, mechanisms, and their relative contribution to cognitive deficits in HF remains unknown. METHODS To address this critical gap in our knowledge, we used a well-established HF rat model that mimics clinical outcomes observed in the human population, along with a multidisciplinary approach combining behavioral, electrophysiological, neuroanatomical, molecular and systemic physiological approaches. RESULTS Our studies support neuroinflammation, hypoperfusion/hypoxia, and neuronal deficits in the hippocampus of HF rats, which correlated with the progression and severity of the disease. An increased expression of AT1aRs (Ang [angiotensin] II receptor type 1a) in hippocampal microglia preceded the onset of neuroinflammation. Importantly, blockade of AT1Rs with a clinically used therapeutic drug (Losartan), and delivered in a clinically relevant manner, efficiently reversed neuroinflammatory end points (but not hypoxia ones), resulting in turn in improved cognitive performance in HF rats. Finally, we show than circulating Ang II can leak and access the hippocampal parenchyma in HF rats, constituting a possible source of Ang II initiating the neuroinflammatory signaling cascade in HF. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we identified a neuronal substrate (hippocampus), a mechanism (Ang II-driven neuroinflammation) and a potential neuroprotective therapeutic target (AT1aRs) for the treatment of cognitive deficits in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Althammer
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Disease, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (F.A., R.K.R., M.K.K., E.C.-L., J.M., H.C.F.-N., U.Z., M.B.P., J.E.S.)
- Now with Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Heidelberg (F.A.)
| | - Ranjan K Roy
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Disease, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (F.A., R.K.R., M.K.K., E.C.-L., J.M., H.C.F.-N., U.Z., M.B.P., J.E.S.)
| | - Matthew K Kirchner
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Disease, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (F.A., R.K.R., M.K.K., E.C.-L., J.M., H.C.F.-N., U.Z., M.B.P., J.E.S.)
| | - Elba Campos-Lira
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Disease, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (F.A., R.K.R., M.K.K., E.C.-L., J.M., H.C.F.-N., U.Z., M.B.P., J.E.S.)
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (E.C.-L., K.E.W., S.D., U.Z., M.B.P., J.E.S.)
| | - Kathryn E Whitley
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (E.C.-L., K.E.W., S.D., U.Z., M.B.P., J.E.S.)
| | - Steven Davis
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (E.C.-L., K.E.W., S.D., U.Z., M.B.P., J.E.S.)
| | - Juliana Montanez
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Disease, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (F.A., R.K.R., M.K.K., E.C.-L., J.M., H.C.F.-N., U.Z., M.B.P., J.E.S.)
| | - Hildebrando Candido Ferreira-Neto
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Disease, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (F.A., R.K.R., M.K.K., E.C.-L., J.M., H.C.F.-N., U.Z., M.B.P., J.E.S.)
| | - Jessica Danh
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (J.D., R.F.)
| | - Rafaela Feresin
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (J.D., R.F.)
| | | | - Usama Zafar
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Disease, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (F.A., R.K.R., M.K.K., E.C.-L., J.M., H.C.F.-N., U.Z., M.B.P., J.E.S.)
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (E.C.-L., K.E.W., S.D., U.Z., M.B.P., J.E.S.)
| | - Marise B Parent
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Disease, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (F.A., R.K.R., M.K.K., E.C.-L., J.M., H.C.F.-N., U.Z., M.B.P., J.E.S.)
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (E.C.-L., K.E.W., S.D., U.Z., M.B.P., J.E.S.)
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (M.B.P.)
| | - Javier E Stern
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Disease, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (F.A., R.K.R., M.K.K., E.C.-L., J.M., H.C.F.-N., U.Z., M.B.P., J.E.S.)
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta. (E.C.-L., K.E.W., S.D., U.Z., M.B.P., J.E.S.)
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99
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Duangrat R, Parichatikanond W, Mangmool S. Dual Blockade of TGF-β Receptor and Endothelin Receptor Synergistically Inhibits Angiotensin II-Induced Myofibroblast Differentiation: Role of AT 1R/G αq-Mediated TGF-β1 and ET-1 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086972. [PMID: 37108136 PMCID: PMC10138810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II) upregulates transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in various types of cells, and all of them act as profibrotic mediators. However, the signal transduction of angiotensin II receptor (ATR) for upregulation of TGF-β1 and ET-1, and their effectors that play an essential role in myofibroblast differentiation, are not fully understood. Therefore, we investigated the ATR networking with TGF-β1 and ET-1 and identified the signal transduction of these mediators by measuring the mRNA expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen I using qRT-PCR. Myofibroblast phenotypes were monitored by α-SMA and stress fiber formation with fluorescence microscopy. Our findings suggested that Ang II induced collagen I and α-SMA synthesis and stress fiber formation through the AT1R/Gαq axis in adult human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs). Following AT1R stimulation, Gαq protein, not Gβγ subunit, was required for upregulation of TGF-β1 and ET-1. Moreover, dual inhibition of TGF-β and ET-1 signaling completely inhibited Ang II-induced myofibroblast differentiation. The AT1R/Gαq cascade transduced signals to TGF-β1, which in turn upregulated ET-1 via the Smad- and ERK1/2-dependent pathways. ET-1 consecutively bound to and activated endothelin receptor type A (ETAR), leading to increases in collagen I and α-SMA synthesis and stress fiber formation. Remarkably, dual blockade of TGF-β receptor and ETR exhibited the restorative effects to reverse the myofibroblast phenotype induced by Ang II. Collectively, TGF-β1 and ET-1 are major effectors of AT1R/Gαq cascade, and therefore, negative regulation of TGF-β and ET-1 signaling represents a targeted therapeutic strategy for the prevention and restoration of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratchanee Duangrat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Warisara Parichatikanond
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Centre of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing (BSHA), Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Supachoke Mangmool
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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100
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Guo X, Cai D, Dong K, Li C, Xu Z, Chen SY. DOCK2 (Dedicator of Cytokinesis 2) Deficiency Attenuates Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:e210-e217. [PMID: 37021575 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially lethal disease that lacks pharmacological treatment. Degradation of extracellular matrix proteins, especially elastin laminae, is the hallmark for AAA development. DOCK2 (dedicator of cytokinesis 2) has shown proinflammatory effects in several inflammatory diseases and acts as a novel mediator for vascular remodeling. However, the role of DOCK2 in AAA formation remains unknown. METHODS Ang II (angiotensin II) infusion of ApoE-/- (apolipoprotein E deficient) mouse and topical elastase-induced AAA combined with DOCK2-/- (DOCK2 knockout) mouse models were used to study DOCK2 function in AAA formation/dissection. The relevance of DOCK2 to human AAA was examined using human aneurysm specimens. Elastin fragmentation in AAA lesion was observed by elastin staining. Elastin-degrading enzyme MMP (matrix metalloproteinase) activity was measured by in situ zymography. RESULTS DOCK2 was robustly upregulated in AAA lesion of Ang II-infused ApoE-/- mice, elastase-treated mice, as well as human AAA lesions. DOCK2-/- significantly attenuated the Ang II-induced AAA formation/dissection or rupture in mice along with reduction of MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and MMP expression and activity. Accordingly, the elastin fragmentation observed in ApoE-/- mouse aorta infused with Ang II and elastase-treated aorta was significantly attenuated by DOCK2 deficiency. Moreover, DOCK2-/- decreased the prevalence and severity of aneurysm formation, as well as the elastin degradation observed in the topical elastase model. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that DOCK2 is a novel regulator for AAA formation. DOCK2 regulates AAA development by promoting MCP-1 and MMP2 expression to incite vascular inflammation and elastin degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Guo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (X.G.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens (X.G., K.D., C.L., Z.X., S.-Y.C.)
| | - Dunpeng Cai
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia. (D.C., S.-Y.C.)
| | - Kun Dong
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens (X.G., K.D., C.L., Z.X., S.-Y.C.)
- Now with NIH Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD (K.D.)
| | - Chenxiao Li
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens (X.G., K.D., C.L., Z.X., S.-Y.C.)
| | - Zaiyan Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens (X.G., K.D., C.L., Z.X., S.-Y.C.)
- Now with College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, China (Z.X.)
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia. (D.C., S.-Y.C.)
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia. (S.-Y.C.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens (X.G., K.D., C.L., Z.X., S.-Y.C.)
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