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Gong C, Qi Y, Xu Y, Tang X, Liang F, Chen L. Parecoxib improves atherosclerotic plaque stability by suppressing inflammation and inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases production. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111423. [PMID: 33740522 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With the aging population, coronary syndrome is one of the leading causes of mortality. Atherosclerosis is the pathophysiological basis of coronary syndrome, which is caused by plaque rupture and predisposed or aggravated by many perioperative complications. Parecoxib is one of the most widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory perioperative drugs. This study aims to evaluate the potential benefits of parecoxib on atherosclerosis progression. Apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apo E-/-) mice were intraperitoneally injected by parecoxib (par group) or saline (control group) and, meanwhile, were given a western diet for 12 weeks. The aorta and aortic root were examined by oil red O (ORO) staining for atherosclerotic lesions. The expression level of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), was investigated using immunofluorescence and western blot. Macrophage inflammation was investigated by Q-PCR. Parecoxib treatment increased the number of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and amount of collagen, while and decreased the number of macrophages in murine aortic walls. The expression of MMP1, 2, 9, and 13 as well as IL- 1β and IL-6 were also decreased in the par group. However, there was no statistical difference in lipid infiltration between the two groups. Parecoxib could improve plaque stability by suppressing inflammation and inhibiting MMPs production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gong
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yu Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
| | - Xiruo Tang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Feng Liang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lianhua Chen
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China.
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Zhang C, Hu S, Zosky GR, Wei X, Shu S, Wang D, Chai X. Paracoxib Alleviates Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury Through Functional Modulation of Lung-Recruited CD11bloLy6Chi Monocytes. Shock 2021; 55:236-243. [PMID: 32590697 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lung-recruited Ly6Chi monocytes had been shown to be involved in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Our present study aimed to investigate whether the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition modulates the function of lung-recruited Ly6Chi monocytes in a mouse model of VILI. METHODS Mice were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 20 ng) intraperitoneally prior to injurious mechanical ventilation (Vt = 30 mL/kg, PEEP = 0 cmH2O). A subgroup of mice was treated with intravenous parecoxib (30 mg/kg), a COX-2 inhibitor, 1 h prior to ventilation. Control mice received saline and were not ventilated. At the end of the experiment, blood gas analysis was performed and lung tissue was collected for histological assessment. Flow cytometry was employed to quantify the different populations of lung monocytes/macrophages and their function. Isolated Ly6Chi cells were used to measure the intracellular concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) by fluorescent probes, and cytokine production by cytometric bead array. RESULTS Exposure to LPS and injurious ventilation was associated with severe lung histological damage, oxygenation impairment, and pulmonary edema; all of which were largely attenuated following the treatment of parecoxib. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis revealed that parecoxib caused a reduction in the number of the lung-recruited CD11bloLy6Chi monocytes while there was no effect on tissue-resident CD64+ alveolar macrophages. In addition, the production of oxidative stress products (ROS, NO), MHC-II expression, and inflammatory cytokines in response to LPS and VILI in CD11bloLy6Chi monocytes was ameliorated by parecoxib. CONCLUSION Parecoxib-induced alleviation of oxidative stress and inflammation in lung-recruited Ly6Chi monocytes may partly explain the beneficial action of COX-2 inhibition in VILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shanshan Hu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Graeme R Zosky
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shuhua Shu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chai
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Aukema HM. Prostaglandins as potential targets for the treatment of polycystic kidney disease. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2021; 164:102220. [PMID: 33285393 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is characterized by the proliferation of fluid-filled kidney cysts that enlarge over time, causing damage to the surrounding kidney and ultimately resulting in kidney failure. Both increased cell proliferation and fluid secretion are stimulated by increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in PKD kidneys, so many treatments for the disease target cAMP lowering. Prostaglandins (PG) levels are elevated in multiple animal models of PKD and mediate many of their effects by elevating cAMP levels. Inhibiting the production of PG with cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) inhibitors reduces PG levels and reduces disease progression. However, COX inhibitors also block beneficial PG and can cause nephrotoxicity. In an orthologous model of the main form of PKD, PGD2 and PGI2 were the two PG highest in kidneys and most affected by a COX2 inhibitor. Future studies are needed to determine whether specific blockage of PGD2 and/or PGI2 activity would lead to more targeted and effective treatments with fewer undesirable side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold M Aukema
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.
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Kemp Bohan PM, Mankaney G, Vreeland TJ, Chick RC, Hale DF, Cindass JL, Hickerson AT, Ensley DC, Sohn V, Clifton GT, Peoples GE, Burke CA. Chemoprevention in familial adenomatous polyposis: past, present and future. Fam Cancer 2021; 20:23-33. [PMID: 32507936 PMCID: PMC7276278 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-020-00189-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a hereditary colorectal cancer syndrome characterized by colorectal adenomas and a near 100% lifetime risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Prophylactic colectomy, usually by age 40, is the gold-standard therapy to mitigate this risk. However, colectomy is associated with morbidity and fails to prevent extra-colonic disease manifestations, including gastric polyposis, duodenal polyposis and cancer, thyroid cancer, and desmoid disease. Substantial research has investigated chemoprevention medications in an aim to prevent disease progression, postponing the need for colectomy and temporizing the development of extracolonic disease. An ideal chemoprevention agent should have a biologically plausible mechanism of action, be safe and easily tolerated over a prolonged treatment period, and produce a durable and clinically meaningful effect. To date, no chemoprevention agent tested has fulfilled these criteria. New agents targeting novel pathways in FAP are needed. Substantial preclinical literature exists linking the molecular target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway to FAP. A single case report of rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, used as chemoprevention in FAP patients exists, but no formal clinical studies have been conducted. Here, we review the prior literature on chemoprevention in FAP, discuss the rationale for rapamycin in FAP, and outline a proposed clinical trial testing rapamycin as a chemoprevention agent in patients with FAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip M Kemp Bohan
- Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Ft Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA.
| | - Gautam Mankaney
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Timothy J Vreeland
- Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Ft Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Robert C Chick
- Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Ft Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Diane F Hale
- Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Ft Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Jessica L Cindass
- Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Ft Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Annelies T Hickerson
- Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Ft Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | - Daniel C Ensley
- Department of Urology, Brooke Army Medical Center, Ft. Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vance Sohn
- Department of Surgery, Madigan Army Medical Center, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, Tacoma, WA, USA
| | - G Travis Clifton
- Department of Surgery, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Ft Sam Houston, TX, 78234, USA
| | | | - Carol A Burke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Yarla NS, Madka V, Pathuri G, Rao CV. Molecular Targets in Precision Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer: An Update from Pre-Clinical to Clinical Trials. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249609. [PMID: 33348563 PMCID: PMC7765969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. The initiation and progression of CRC is a multi-step process that proceeds via precursor lesions to carcinoma, with each stage characterized by its distinct molecular and tissue microenvironment changes. Precursor lesions of CRC, aberrant crypt foci, and adenoma exhibit drastic changes in genetic, transcriptomic, and proteomic profiles compared to normal tissue. The identification of these changes is essential and provides further validation as an initiator or promoter of CRC and, more so, as lesion-specific druggable molecular targets for the precision chemoprevention of CRC. Mutated/dysregulated signaling (adenomatous polyposis coli, β-catenin, epidermal growth factor receptor, V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), tumor protein53, Akt, etc.), inflammatory (cyclooxygenase-2, microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and other pro-inflammatory mediators), and metabolic/growth factor (fatty acid synthase, β-Hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase, and ornithine decarboxylase) related targets are some of the well-characterized molecular targets in the precision chemoprevention of CRC. In this review, we discuss precursor-lesion specific targets of CRC and the current status of pre-clinical studies regarding clinical interventions and combinations for better efficacy and safety toward future precision clinical chemoprevention. In addition, we provide a brief discussion on the usefulness of secondary precision chemopreventive targets for tertiary precision chemoprevention to improve the disease-free and overall survival of advanced stage CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagendra S. Yarla
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (N.S.Y.); (V.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Venkateshwar Madka
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (N.S.Y.); (V.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Gopal Pathuri
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (N.S.Y.); (V.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Chinthalapally V. Rao
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Drug Development, Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (N.S.Y.); (V.M.); (G.P.)
- VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-405-271-3224; Fax: +1-405-271-3225
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Joshi SN, Murphy EA, Olaniyi P, Bryant RJ. The multiple effects of aspirin in prostate cancer patients. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2020; 26:100267. [PMID: 33360326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2020.100267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Aspirin is a commonly used medication with anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, and it is widely used to reduce the risk of ischaemic heart disease-related events and/or cerebrovascular accidents. However, there is also evidence from epidemiological and interventional studies to suggest that regular aspirin use can reduce the risk of prostate cancer development and progression, and can reduce the risk of disease recurrence following anti-prostate cancer therapy. Aspirin use in African-American men is associated with a reduced incidence of advanced PCa and reduced disease recurrence, and there is evidence from other studies of an association between regular aspirin use and decreased PCa-related mortality. The cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme inhibited by Aspirin and other NSAIDs, and which catalyses prostaglandin synthesis and mediates inflammation, is overexpressed in prostate cancer, therefore inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 may have direct, and indirect, therapeutic effects. This review explores the evidence suggesting that aspirin use can modify prostate cancer biology and disease characteristics, and explores the potential mechanisms underpinning the observed associations between aspirin use and modification of prostate cancer risk. It also summarises the potential for adjuvant aspirin use to combine with other therapeutic approaches such as radical surgery and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Joshi
- Medical Sciences Divisional Office, University of Oxford, Level 3, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - E A Murphy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Olaniyi
- Department of Urology, Ipswich Hospital, East Suffolk and North Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Heath Road, Ipswich IP4 5PD, United Kingdom
| | - R J Bryant
- Department of Urology, Ipswich Hospital, East Suffolk and North Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Heath Road, Ipswich IP4 5PD, United Kingdom; Department of Urology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7LE, United Kingdom.
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Cao Z, Zhou J, Long Z, Li Y, Sun J, Luo Y, Wang W. Targeting nerve growth factor, a new option for treatment of osteoarthritis: a network meta-analysis of comparative efficacy and safety with traditional drugs. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:1051-1070. [PMID: 33293475 PMCID: PMC7835067 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease and leading cause of pain and disability in the elderly population. Most guidelines recommend the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids for the non-operative treatment of OA. Monoclonal nerve growth factor (NGF) antibodies are new drugs with the potential to provide pain relief and functional improvement in OA. We compared the efficacy (pain reduction and functional improvement), and safety of monoclonal NGF antibodies with NSAIDs and opioids in the treatment of OA with a Bayesian network meta-analysis. RESULTS 38 articles, comprising 41 trials and 20489 patients with OA were included. Overall from the network meta-analysis, anti-NGFs were the most effective drugs for pain relief (Standardized Mean Difference or SMD compared with placebo 4.25, 95% CI 2.87 to 5.63, Surface Under the Cumulative RAnking curve or SUCRA=93.7%) and for functional improvement (SMD 4.90, 95% CI 3.46 to 6.33, SUCRA=98.3%). Although anti-NGFs were associated with higher risk of peripheral sensation abnormality (paresthesia and pruritus), they were not associated with higher risk of other AEs (headaches and nausea) or with higher withdrawal rates related to AEs. CONCLUSIONS Monoclonal NGF antibodies provide significantly greater pain relief and functional improvement in OA compared to NSAIDs and opioids. Monoclonal NGF antibodies are not associated with severe AEs. More studies are needed to confirm these findings. METHODS PubMed, CNKI, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant studies (OA treated with anti-NGFs, opioids, selective COX-2 inhibitors or NSAIDs) published between January 1999 to January 2020. Bayesian network and conventional meta-analyses were conducted. Pain relief, functional improvement and AEs were assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqin Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zeling Long
- Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yihan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, University of California, Davis, CA 95817, USA
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingquan Luo
- Department of General Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wanchun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical studies have shown that celecoxib can significantly inhibit the development of tumors, and basic experiments and in vitro experiments also provide a certain basis, but it is not clear how celecoxib inhibits tumor development in detail. METHODS A literature search of all major academic databases was conducted (PubMed, China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), Wan-fang, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), including the main research on the mechanisms of celecoxib on tumors. RESULTS Celecoxib can intervene in tumor development and reduce the formation of drug resistance through multiple molecular mechanisms. CONCLUSION Celecoxib mainly regulates the proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells by inhibiting the cyclooxygenases-2/prostaglandin E2 signal axis and thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κ-gene binding, Akt, signal transducer and activator of transcription and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9. Meanwhile, it was found that celecoxib could promote the apoptosis of tumor cells by enhancing mitochondrial oxidation, activating mitochondrial apoptosis process, promoting endoplasmic reticulum stress process, and autophagy. Celecoxib can also reduce the occurrence of drug resistance by increasing the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs.
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Paton DJW, Kumarasinghe MP. NSAID-associated submucosal fibrous nodules of the small intestine revisited. Pathology 2020; 52:717-719. [PMID: 32771210 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David J W Paton
- Western Diagnostic Pathology, Perth, WA, Australia; Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - M Priyanthi Kumarasinghe
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QE2 Medical Centre, Perth, WA, Australia; School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Rojas-Lechuga MJ, Remacha J, González-Sánchez N, Grau JJ, Castillo P, Haag O, Vilaseca I. Juvenile recurrent respiratory papillomatosis treated with combined erlotinib and celecoxib: Initial report. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 137:110194. [PMID: 32658799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a chronic disease caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). RRP is a clinical challenge because of the high recurrence rate, poor surgery response, extension to tracheobronchial tree and because of the risk of malignancy in some cases. There is no consensus on which adjuvant therapy is better for those patients with highly recurrent course. Because papilloma cells overexpress the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), together with an increased expression of COX-2 and prostaglandin E2, the combination of erlotinib and celecoxib seems plausible, and could be proposed for patients with poor response to previous lines of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joan Remacha
- Otorhinolaryngology Department Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Juan José Grau
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain; IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paola Castillo
- Pathology Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain; IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oliver Haag
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Vilaseca
- Otorhinolaryngology Department Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain; IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Akinloye OA, Akinloye DI, Onigbinde SB, Metibemu DS. Phytosterols demonstrate selective inhibition of COX-2: In-vivo and in-silico studies of Nicotiana tabacum. Bioorg Chem 2020; 102:104037. [PMID: 32707278 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) enzyme by Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exposes the gastrointestinal mucosa to peptic injuries. Selective inhibition of COX-2 generates surpassing anti-inflammatory drug candidates with reduced side effects over current NSAIDs. Phytosterols consumption is reported to decrease the risk of cardiovascular problems. Reports on the selective inhibition of COX-2 by phytosterols are scarce. The present study assesses the anti-inflammatory potentials of phytosterols from Nicotiana tabacum (of the family Solanaceae) through selective inhibition of COX-1 and/or COX-2. Virtual High Throughput Screening (vHTS) and Molecular Docking of phytochemicals from Nicotiana tabacum against the catalytic pockets of COX-1 and COX-2 were used to identify the lead bioactive(s) components of the plant. The hit phytosterols were isolated, histopathological examination of the stomach, in-vivo COX-1/COX-2 mRNAs expression patterns in the liver through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions, and enzymes activities of Nicotiana tabacum phytosterol isolates (NTPI) in HCl/ethanol-induced inflammation in Wistar rats were all investigated. Formation of hydrogen bonds favour selective inhibition of COX-2 while hydrophobic interactions favour selective inhibition of COX-1. NTPI demonstrates inhibition of COX-2 by down-regulate the expression of COX-2 mRNA and were ineffective against the expression COX-1 mRNA. NTPI demonstrates hepatoprotective abilities by improving the antioxidant defense system of the liver. Histopathological analyses show NTPI at 50 mg/kg bodyweight regenerates the parietal cells and maintain the gastrointestinal architecture. Drug likeness prediction and ADME toxicity screening show that phytosterols possess good oral bioavailability with no side effects. Phytosterols are selective inhibitors of COX-2, they are hepatoprotective, regenerate parietal cells, and non-toxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adeboye Akinloye
- Department of Biochemistry, Phytomedicine, Phyto-chemistry and Bio-computing Research Laboratory, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - D Ibukun Akinloye
- Department of Biochemistry, Phytomedicine, Phyto-chemistry and Bio-computing Research Laboratory, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - S Bamidele Onigbinde
- Department of Biochemistry, Phytomedicine, Phyto-chemistry and Bio-computing Research Laboratory, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - D Samuel Metibemu
- Department of Biochemistry, Phytomedicine, Phyto-chemistry and Bio-computing Research Laboratory, College of Biosciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been found to be important for fracture-healing in animal models, raising concerns about use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and selective COX-2 inhibitors after fractures. We evaluated associations of NSAIDs, COX-2 inhibitors, and opioids with nonunion after long-bone fracture. METHODS Using private health insurance claims data from Optum's de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart database from January 1, 2000, to September 30, 2015, we identified adults with a single long-bone fracture or commonly paired long-bone fractures who had 1 year of available follow-up data. Using multivariable logistic regression models, we examined associations between NSAID, COX-2-inhibitor, or opioid prescription fills after the fracture and the risk of nonunion within 1 year, defined as a nonunion diagnosis with a procedure to treat the nonunion. RESULTS A nonunion diagnosis with a procedure to treat the nonunion was identified after 2,996 (0.9%) of the 339,864 fracture episodes, with rates varying by fracture site. The risk of that outcome was greater in patients who had filled COX-2-inhibitor prescriptions (adjusted odds ratio = 1.84 [95% confidence interval = 1.38 to 2.46]) or opioid prescriptions (1.69 [1.53 to 1.86]), but not in patients who had filled nonselective-NSAID prescriptions (1.07 [0.93 to 1.23]) after the fracture. Results were similar when the outcome definition was changed to just a nonunion diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS COX-2 inhibitors, but not nonselective NSAIDs, were associated with a greater risk of nonunion after fracture. Opioids were also associated with nonunion risk, although patients filling prescriptions for opioids may have had more severe fractures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage
- Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects
- Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
- Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/administration & dosage
- Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Databases, Factual
- Female
- Fracture Healing/drug effects
- Fractures, Bone/physiopathology
- Fractures, Ununited/chemically induced
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Risk Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. George
- Division of Rheumatology (M.D.G. and J.F.B.), Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (M.D.G., J.F.B., C.E.L., T.A.M., and S.H.), and the Department of Orthopedic Surgery (S.M.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joshua F. Baker
- Division of Rheumatology (M.D.G. and J.F.B.), Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (M.D.G., J.F.B., C.E.L., T.A.M., and S.H.), and the Department of Orthopedic Surgery (S.M.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Charles E. Leonard
- Division of Rheumatology (M.D.G. and J.F.B.), Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (M.D.G., J.F.B., C.E.L., T.A.M., and S.H.), and the Department of Orthopedic Surgery (S.M.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Samir Mehta
- Division of Rheumatology (M.D.G. and J.F.B.), Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (M.D.G., J.F.B., C.E.L., T.A.M., and S.H.), and the Department of Orthopedic Surgery (S.M.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Todd A. Miano
- Division of Rheumatology (M.D.G. and J.F.B.), Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (M.D.G., J.F.B., C.E.L., T.A.M., and S.H.), and the Department of Orthopedic Surgery (S.M.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sean Hennessy
- Division of Rheumatology (M.D.G. and J.F.B.), Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics (M.D.G., J.F.B., C.E.L., T.A.M., and S.H.), and the Department of Orthopedic Surgery (S.M.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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63
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Ibrahim TS, Salem IM, Mostafa SM, El-Sabbagh OI, ElKhamisi MKM, Hegazy L, Elgendy B. Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of novel and selective COX-2 inhibitors based on bumetanide scaffold. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103878. [PMID: 32361486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the design and synthesis of new benzenesulfonamide derivatives as selective COX-2 inhibitors based on bumetanide scaffold. Benzenesulfonamides bearing both the pyrazole 6b and the triazoles 9a, 9c were good inhibitors of COX-2 with IC50 values of 0.32, 0.28 and 0.17 µM, respectively. These benzenesulfonamides 6b, 9a and 9c exhibited a higher selectivity index than the reference drug celecoxib. Molecular modeling study showed that incorporation of bumetanide led to a unique binding mode that is most likely the reason for the observed significant COX-2 selectivity. The anti-inflammatory activity of synthesized compounds revealed that triazoles 9a and 9c demonstrated higher efficacy than celecoxib upon using in vivo carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Most of the prepared compounds possess low ulcerogenic potential when administered orally. Therefore, these compounds have a great potential to be developed as safe therapeutics for inflammation, pain, and other diseases where COX-2 plays important role in their pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek S Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim M Salem
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Suez Canal University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Samia M Mostafa
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Suez Canal University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Osama I El-Sabbagh
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed K M ElKhamisi
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Lamees Hegazy
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bahaa Elgendy
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine and St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt.
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64
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Gonçalves DS, de S Melo SM, Jacomini AP, J V da Silva M, Pianoski KE, Ames FQ, Aguiar RP, Oliveira AF, Volpato H, Bidóia DL, Nakamura CV, Bersani-Amado CA, Back DF, Moura S, Paula FR, Rosa FA. Synthesis of novel 3,5,6-trisubstituted 2-pyridone derivatives and evaluation for their anti-inflammatory activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115549. [PMID: 32503692 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory response is the reaction of living tissue to an injury of a foreign nature, such as infection and irritants, and occurs as part of the body's natural defence response. Compounds capable of inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, especially COX-2, have great potential as anti-inflammatory agents. Herein we present the regioselective synthesis of 49 novel compounds based on the 2-pyridone nucleus. The topical anti-inflammatory activity of seventeen compounds was evaluated in mice by croton oil (CO) induced ear edema assay. Most of the compounds exhibited a high level of in vivo anti-inflammatory activity, reducing ear edema and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The most active compounds (2a and 7a) were inhibitors of COX enzymes. Compound 2a selectively inhibited the COX-2, while 7a was nonselective. Further, the compound 2a showed effective binding at the active site of COX-2 co-crystal by docking molecular study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davana S Gonçalves
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87030-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Samara M de S Melo
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87030-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Andrey P Jacomini
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87030-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Michael J V da Silva
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87030-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Karlos E Pianoski
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87030-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Franciele Q Ames
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87030-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Rafael P Aguiar
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87030-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Alisson Felipe Oliveira
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), 97500-970 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Hélito Volpato
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Danielle L Bidóia
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Celso V Nakamura
- Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Ciomar A Bersani-Amado
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87030-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Davi F Back
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), 97110-970 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Moura
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), 295070-560 Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Fávero R Paula
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), 97500-970 Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda A Rosa
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), 87030-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil.
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65
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So JY, Skrypek N, Yang HH, Merchant AS, Nelson GW, Chen WD, Ishii H, Chen JM, Hu G, Achyut BR, Yoon EC, Han L, Huang C, Cam MC, Zhao K, Lee MP, Yang L. Induction of DNMT3B by PGE2 and IL6 at Distant Metastatic Sites Promotes Epigenetic Modification and Breast Cancer Colonization. Cancer Res 2020; 80:2612-2627. [PMID: 32265226 PMCID: PMC7299749 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Current cancer treatments are largely based on the genetic characterization of primary tumors and are ineffective for metastatic disease. Here we report that DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B) is induced at distant metastatic sites and mediates epigenetic reprogramming of metastatic tumor cells. Multiomics analysis and spontaneous metastatic mouse models revealed that DNMT3B alters multiple pathways including STAT3, NFκB, PI3K/Akt, β-catenin, and Notch signaling, which are critical for cancer cell survival, apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, and colonization. PGE2 and IL6 were identified as critical inflammatory mediators in DNMT3B induction. DNMT3B expression levels positively correlated with human metastatic progression. Targeting IL6 or COX-2 reduced DNMT3B induction and improved chemo or PD1 therapy. We propose a novel mechanism linking the metastatic microenvironment with epigenetic alterations that occur at distant sites. These results caution against the "Achilles heel" in cancer therapies based on primary tumor characterization and suggests targeting DNMT3B induction as new option for treating metastatic disease. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings reveal that DNMT3B epigenetically regulates multiple pro-oncogenic signaling pathways via the inflammatory microenvironment at distant sites, cautioning the clinical approach basing current therapies on genetic characterization of primary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Young So
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nicolas Skrypek
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Howard H Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Anand S Merchant
- Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - George W Nelson
- Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Wei-Dong Chen
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hiroki Ishii
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jennifer M Chen
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gangqing Hu
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bhagelu R Achyut
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Esther C Yoon
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Liying Han
- Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Chuanshu Huang
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, New York
| | - Margaret C Cam
- Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Keji Zhao
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maxwell P Lee
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Li Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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66
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Zheng XJ, Li CS, Cui MY, Song ZW, Bai XQ, Liang CW, Wang HY, Zhang TY. Synthesis, biological evaluation of benzothiazole derivatives bearing a 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety as potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127237. [PMID: 32386981 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Twenty benzothiazole derivatives bearing a 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Among these compounds, 8h and 8l were appeared to have high radical scavenging efficacies as 0.05 ± 0.02 and 0.07 ± 0.03 mmol/L of IC50 values in ABTS+ bioassay, respectively. In anti-inflammatory tests, compound 8h displayed good activity with 57.35% inhibition after intraperitoneal administration, which was more potent than the reference drug (indomethacin). Molecular modeling studies were performed to investigate the binding mode of the representative compound 8h into COX-2 enzyme. In vitro enzyme study implied that compound 8h exerted its anti-inflammatory activity through COX-2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Jing Zheng
- Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin Province 132013, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, PR China
| | - Chun-Shi Li
- The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116000, PR China
| | - Ming-Yue Cui
- The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116000, PR China
| | - Ze-Wen Song
- Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin Province 132013, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, PR China
| | - Xue-Qian Bai
- Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin Province 132013, PR China
| | - Cheng-Wu Liang
- Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin Province 132013, PR China.
| | - Hui-Yan Wang
- Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin Province 132013, PR China.
| | - Tian-Yi Zhang
- Jilin Medical University, Jilin, Jilin Province 132013, PR China.
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67
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Abstract
Presbyopia reduces an individual's ability to perform visual tasks at near distances. It is a global problem, affecting over a billion people worldwide. Contact lenses, glasses, refractive surgery, and intraocular lens surgery are the main modalities in presbyopia treatment, although they all have some disadvantages. Thus, there is an increasing need for effective, easy-to-use, and noninvasive approaches for treating presbyopia while not limiting patients' daily activities. Pharmacological presbyopia treatment as an alternative method has been under investigation in recent years. We reviewed all relevant articles using the keywords "presbyopia," "presbyopia treatment," "pharmacological presbyopia treatment," and "presbyopic corrections" from 2010 to February 9, 2020, and summarized the main results of clinical trials, investigating the drops used for presbyopia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agne Markeviciute
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Reda Zemaitiene
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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68
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Jordan F, Quinn TJ, McGuinness B, Passmore P, Kelly JP, Tudur Smith C, Murphy K, Devane D. Aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the prevention of dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 4:CD011459. [PMID: 32352165 PMCID: PMC7192366 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011459.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia is a worldwide concern. Its global prevalence is increasing. At present, there is no medication licensed to prevent or delay the onset of dementia. Inflammation has been suggested as a key factor in dementia pathogenesis. Therefore, medications with anti-inflammatory properties could be beneficial for dementia prevention. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness and adverse effects of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the primary or secondary prevention of dementia. SEARCH METHODS We searched ALOIS, the specialised register of the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group up to 9 January 2020. ALOIS contains records of clinical trials identified from monthly searches of several major healthcare databases, trial registries and grey literature sources. We ran additional searches across MEDLINE (OvidSP), Embase (OvidSP) and six other databases to ensure that the searches were as comprehensive and up-to-date as possible. We also reviewed citations of reference lists of included studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) comparing aspirin or other NSAIDs with placebo for the primary or secondary prevention of dementia. We included trials with cognitively healthy participants (primary prevention) or participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or cognitive complaints (secondary prevention). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. We rated the strength of evidence for each outcome using the GRADE approach. MAIN RESULTS We included four RCTs with 23,187 participants. Because of the diversity of these trials, we did not combine data to give summary estimates, but presented a narrative description of the evidence. We identified one trial (19,114 participants) comparing low-dose aspirin (100 mg once daily) to placebo. Participants were aged 70 years or older with no history of dementia, cardiovascular disease or physical disability. Interim analysis indicated no significant treatment effect and the trial was terminated slightly early after a median of 4.7 years' follow-up. There was no evidence of a difference in incidence of dementia between aspirin and placebo groups (risk ratio (RR) 0.98, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.15; high-certainty evidence). Participants allocated aspirin had higher rates of major bleeding (RR 1.37, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.60, high-certainty evidence) and slightly higher mortality (RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.28; high-certainty evidence). There was no evidence of a difference in activities of daily living between groups (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.70 to 1.02; high-certainty evidence). We identified three trials comparing non-aspirin NSAIDs to placebo. All three trials were terminated early due to adverse events associated with NSAIDs reported in other trials. One trial (2528 participants) investigated the cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor celecoxib (200 mg twice daily) and the non-selective NSAID naproxen (220 mg twice daily) for preventing dementia in cognitively healthy older adults with a family history of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Median follow-up was 734 days. Combining both NSAID treatment arms, there was no evidence of a difference in the incidence of AD between participants allocated NSAIDs and those allocated placebo (RR 1.91, 95% CI 0.89 to 4.10; moderate-certainty evidence). There was also no evidence of a difference in rates of myocardial infarction (RR 1.21, 95% CI 0.61 to 2.40), stroke (RR 1.82, 95% CI 0.76 to 4.37) or mortality (RR 1.37, 95% CI 0.78 to 2.43) between treatment groups (all moderate-certainty evidence). One trial (88 participants) assessed the effectiveness of celecoxib (200 mg or 400 mg daily) in delaying cognitive decline in participants aged 40 to 81 years with mild age-related memory loss but normal memory performance scores. Mean duration of follow-up was 17.6 months in the celecoxib group and 18.1 months in the placebo group. There was no evidence of a difference between groups in test scores in any of six cognitive domains. Participants allocated celecoxib experienced more gastrointestinal adverse events than those allocated placebo (RR 2.66, 95% CI 1.05 to 6.75; low-certainty evidence). One trial (1457 participants) assessed the effectiveness of the COX-2 inhibitor rofecoxib (25 mg once daily) in delaying or preventing a diagnosis of AD in participants with MCI. Median duration of study participation was 115 weeks in the rofecoxib group and 130 weeks in the placebo group. There was a higher incidence of AD in the rofecoxib than the placebo group (RR 1.32, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.72; moderate-certainty evidence). There was no evidence of a difference between groups in cardiovascular adverse events (RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.68 to 1.66; moderate-certainty evidence) or mortality (RR 1.62, 95% CI 0.85 to 3.05; moderate-certainty evidence). Participants allocated rofecoxib had more upper gastrointestinal adverse events (RR 3.53, 95% CI 1.17 to 10.68; moderate-certainty evidence). Reported annual mean difference scores showed no evidence of a difference between groups in activities of daily living (year 1: no data available; year 2: 0.0, 95% CI -0.1 to 0.2; year 3: 0.1, 95% CI -0.1 to 0.3; year 4: 0.1, 95% CI -0.1 to 0.4; moderate-certainty evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is no evidence to support the use of low-dose aspirin or other NSAIDs of any class (celecoxib, rofecoxib or naproxen) for the prevention of dementia, but there was evidence of harm. Although there were limitations in the available evidence, it seems unlikely that there is any need for further trials of low-dose aspirin for dementia prevention. If future studies of NSAIDs for dementia prevention are planned, they will need to be cognisant of the safety concerns arising from the existing studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fionnuala Jordan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Terry J Quinn
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Peter Passmore
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - John P Kelly
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Kathy Murphy
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Declan Devane
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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69
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute low back pain (LBP) is a common health problem. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are often used in the treatment of LBP, particularly in people with acute LBP. In 2008, a Cochrane Review was published about the efficacy of NSAIDs for LBP (acute, chronic, and sciatica), identifying a small but significant effect in favour of NSAIDs compared to placebo for short-term pain reduction and global improvement in participants with acute LBP. This is an update of the previous review, focusing on acute LBP. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of NSAIDs compared to placebo and other comparison treatments for acute LBP. SEARCH METHODS We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and two trials registers for randomised controlled trials (RCT) to 7 January 2020. We also screened the reference lists from relevant reviews and included studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included RCTs that assessed the use of one or more types of NSAIDs compared to placebo (the main comparison) or alternative treatments for acute LBP in adults (≥ 18 years); conducted in both primary and secondary care settings. We assessed the effects of treatment on pain reduction, disability, global improvement, adverse events, and return to work. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently selected trials to be included in this review, evaluated the risk of bias, and extracted the data. If appropriate, we performed a meta-analysis, using a random-effects model throughout, due to expected variability between studies. We assessed the quality of the evidence using the GRADE approach. We used standard methodological procedures recommended by Cochrane. MAIN RESULTS We included 32 trials, with a total of 5356 participants (age range 16 to 78 years). Follow-up ranged from one day to six months. Studies were conducted across the globe, the majority taking place in Europe and North-America. Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean region were not represented. We considered seven studies at low risk of bias. Performance and attrition were the most common biases. There was often a lack of information on randomisation procedures and allocation concealment (selection bias); studies were prone to selective reporting bias, since most studies did not register their trials. Almost half of the studies were industry-funded. There is moderate quality evidence that NSAIDs are slightly more effective in short-term (≤ 3 weeks) reduction of pain intensity (visual analogue scale (VAS), 0 to 100) than placebo (mean difference (MD) -7.29 (95% confidence interval (CI) -10.98 to -3.61; 4 RCTs, N = 815). There is high quality evidence that NSAIDs are slightly more effective for short-term improvement in disability (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), 0 to 24) than placebo (MD -2.02, 95% CI -2.89 to -1.15; 2 RCTs, N = 471). The magnitude of these effects is small and probably not clinically relevant. There is low quality evidence that NSAIDs are slightly more effective for short-term global improvement than placebo (risk ratio (RR) 1.40, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.75; 5 RCTs, N = 1201), but there was substantial heterogeneity (I² 52%) between studies. There is very low quality evidence of no clear difference in the proportion of participants experiencing adverse events when using NSAIDs compared to placebo (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.18; 6 RCTs, N = 1394). There is very low quality evidence of no clear difference between the proportion of participants who could return to work after seven days between those who used NSAIDs and those who used placebo (RR 1.48, 95% CI 0.98 to 2.23; 1 RCT, N = 266). There is low quality evidence of no clear difference in short-term reduction of pain intensity between those who took selective COX-2 inhibitor NSAIDs compared to non-selective NSAIDs (mean change from baseline -2.60, 95% CI -9.23 to 4.03; 2 RCTs, N = 437). There is moderate quality evidence of conflicting results for short-term disability improvement between groups (2 RCTs, N = 437). Low quality evidence from one trial (N = 333) reported no clear difference between groups in the proportion of participants experiencing global improvement. There is very low quality evidence of no clear difference in the proportion of participants experiencing adverse events between those who took COX-2 inhibitors and non-selective NSAIDs (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.50; 2 RCTs, N = 444). No data were reported for return to work. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS This updated Cochrane Review included 32 trials to evaluate the efficacy of NSAIDs in people with acute LBP. The quality of the evidence ranged from high to very low, thus further research is (very) likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimates of effect, and may change the estimates. NSAIDs seemed slightly more effective than placebo for short-term pain reduction (moderate certainty), disability (high certainty), and global improvement (low certainty), but the magnitude of the effects is small and probably not clinically relevant. There was no clear difference in short-term pain reduction (low certainty) when comparing selective COX-2 inhibitors to non-selective NSAIDs. We found very low evidence of no clear difference in the proportion of participants experiencing adverse events in both the comparison of NSAIDs versus placebo and selective COX-2 inhibitors versus non-selective NSAIDs. We were unable to draw conclusions about adverse events and the safety of NSAIDs for longer-term use, since we only included RCTs with a primary focus on short-term use of NSAIDs and a short follow-up. These are not optimal for answering questions about longer-term or rare adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pepijn DDM Roelofs
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenDepartment of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational MedicineGroningenNetherlands
- Rotterdam University of Applied SciencesResearch Centre Innovations in CareRotterdamNetherlands
| | - Wendy TM Enthoven
- Erasmus Medical CenterDepartment of General PracticeRotterdamNetherlands
| | - Maurits W van Tulder
- VU University AmsterdamDepartment of Health Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life SciencesPO Box 7057Room U454AmsterdamNetherlands1007 MB
- Aarhus University HospitalDepartment of Physiotherapy & Occupational TherapyAarhusDenmark
| | - Bart W Koes
- Erasmus Medical CenterDepartment of General PracticeRotterdamNetherlands
- University of Southern DenmarkCenter for Muscle and HealthOdenseDenmark
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Zappavigna S, Cossu AM, Grimaldi A, Bocchetti M, Ferraro GA, Nicoletti GF, Filosa R, Caraglia M. Anti-Inflammatory Drugs as Anticancer Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072605. [PMID: 32283655 PMCID: PMC7177823 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is strictly associated with cancer and plays a key role in tumor development and progression. Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that inflammation can predispose to tumors, therefore targeting inflammation and the molecules involved in the inflammatory process could represent a good strategy for cancer prevention and therapy. In the past, several clinical studies have demonstrated that many anti-inflammatory agents, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), are able to interfere with the tumor microenvironment by reducing cell migration and increasing apoptosis and chemo-sensitivity. This review focuses on the link between inflammation and cancer by describing the anti-inflammatory agents used in cancer therapy, and their mechanisms of action, emphasizing the use of novel anti-inflammatory agents with significant anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Zappavigna
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.Z.); (A.M.C.); (A.G.); (M.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Alessia Maria Cossu
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.Z.); (A.M.C.); (A.G.); (M.B.); (M.C.)
- Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Anna Grimaldi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.Z.); (A.M.C.); (A.G.); (M.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Marco Bocchetti
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.Z.); (A.M.C.); (A.G.); (M.B.); (M.C.)
- Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Andrea Ferraro
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania, “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Plastic Surgery Unit, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.A.F.); (G.F.N.)
| | - Giovanni Francesco Nicoletti
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania, “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Plastic Surgery Unit, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.A.F.); (G.F.N.)
| | - Rosanna Filosa
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
- Consorzio Sannio Tech-AMP Biotec, 82030 Apollosa, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.Z.); (A.M.C.); (A.G.); (M.B.); (M.C.)
- Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Laboratory of Molecular and Precision Oncology, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
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Wakulik K, Wiatrak B, Szczukowski Ł, Bodetko D, Szandruk-Bender M, Dobosz A, Świątek P, Gąsiorowski K. Effect of Novel Pyrrolo[3,4- d]pyridazinone Derivatives on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2575. [PMID: 32276316 PMCID: PMC7177677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is considered to be one of the potential causes for the development of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we evaluated the effect of four newly synthesized pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone derivatives on the neuron-like PC12 cells under simulated inflammation conditions by preincubation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our novel derivatives are selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors and have similar effects to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We assessed viability (LDH assay), metabolic activity (MTT assay), DNA damage (number of double-strand breaks measured by fast halo assay), and the neuronal features of cells (average neurite length and neurite outgrowth measured spectrofluorimetrically). DCF-DA and Griess assays were also performed, which allowed determining the impact of the tested compounds on the level of oxygen free radicals and nitrites. LPS administration significantly negatively affected the results in all tests performed, and treatment with the tested derivatives in most cases significantly reduced this negative impact. Multiple-criteria decision analysis indicated that overall, the best results were observed for compounds 2a and 2b at a concentration of 10 µM. The new derivatives showed intense activity against free oxygen radicals and nitrites. Reduced reactive oxygen species level also correlated with a decrease in the number of DNA damage. The compounds improved neuronal features, such as neurite length and outgrowth, and they also increased cell viability and mitochondrial activity. Our results suggest that derivatives 2a and 2b may also act additionally on mechanisms other than 3a and 3b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Wakulik
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.W.); (D.B.); (A.D.); (K.G.)
| | - Benita Wiatrak
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.W.); (D.B.); (A.D.); (K.G.)
| | - Łukasz Szczukowski
- Department of Chemistry of Drugs, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (Ł.S.); (P.Ś.)
| | - Dorota Bodetko
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.W.); (D.B.); (A.D.); (K.G.)
| | | | - Agnieszka Dobosz
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.W.); (D.B.); (A.D.); (K.G.)
| | - Piotr Świątek
- Department of Chemistry of Drugs, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (Ł.S.); (P.Ś.)
| | - Kazimierz Gąsiorowski
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.W.); (D.B.); (A.D.); (K.G.)
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Tang H, Xu G, Zheng Q, Cheng Y, Zheng H, Li J, Yin Z, Liang F, Chen J. Treatment for acute flares of gout: A protocol for systematic review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19668. [PMID: 32243400 PMCID: PMC7440275 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current evidence confirms the effectiveness and safety of several drug interventions in the treatment of acute flares of gout, however, the most preferred drugs are still unclear. We, therefore, seek to conduct a network meta-analysis that can systematically compare non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), COXIBs, colchicine, hormones, or IL-1 receptor antagonists, etc. for acute gout based on the latest evidence. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Nine online databases are searched with inception to September 1, 2019; there will be no language restrictions on the included trials. Randomized controlled trials that include patients with acute flares of gout receiving drug therapy versus a control group will be included. The selection of studies, risk of bias assessment and data extraction will be conducted by 2 independent researchers. Bayesian network meta-analysis is applied using the Markov chain Monte Carlo method with Stata or R. The dichotomous data will be presented as risk ratios with 95% CIs and the continuous data will be presented as weighted mean differences or standardized mean differences with 95% CIs. Evidence quality will be evaluated using the GRADE system. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This network meta-analysis will not involve private information from personal or imperil their rights, so, ethical approval is not required. The results of this network meta-analysis may be published in a journal or publicized in concerned conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Tang
- Outpatient department of Sichuan orthopedic hospital
| | - Guixing Xu
- The Acupuncture and Tuina School, The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Qianhua Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- The Acupuncture and Tuina School, The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Hui Zheng
- The Acupuncture and Tuina School, The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Juan Li
- The Acupuncture and Tuina School, The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Zihan Yin
- The Acupuncture and Tuina School, The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Fanrong Liang
- The Acupuncture and Tuina School, The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Jiao Chen
- The Acupuncture and Tuina School, The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Aman RM, Abu Hashim II, Meshali MM. Novel Clove Essential Oil Nanoemulgel Tailored by Taguchi's Model and Scaffold-Based Nanofibers: Phytopharmaceuticals with Promising Potential as Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors in External Inflammation. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:2171-2195. [PMID: 32280213 PMCID: PMC7125334 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s246601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Clove essential oil is a phytochemical possessing a vast array of biological activities. Nevertheless, fabricating nano topical delivery systems targeted to augment the anti-inflammatory activity of the oil has not been investigated so far. Accordingly, in this study, controlled release nanoparticulate systems, namely nanoemulgel and nanofibers (NFs), of the oil were developed to achieve such goal. METHODS The nanoemulsion was incorporated in the hydrogel matrix of mixed biopolymers - chitosan, guar gum and gum acacia - to formulate nanoemulsion-based nanoemulgel. Taguchi's model was adopted to evaluate the effect of independently controlled parameters, namely, the concentration of chitosan (X1), guar gum (X2), and gum acacia (X3) on different dependently measured parameters. Additionally, the nanoemulsion-based NFs were prepared by the electrospinning technique using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer. Extensive in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo evaluations of the aforementioned formulae were conducted. RESULTS Both Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) established the complete dispersion of the nanoemulsion in the polymeric matrices of the prepared nanoemulgel and NFs. The ex vivo skin permeation data of clove essential oil from the prepared formulations showed that NFs can sustain its penetration through the skin comparably with nanoemulgel. Topical treatment with NFs (once application) and nanoemulgel (twice application) evoked a marvelous in vivo anti-inflammatory activity against croton oil-induced mouse skin inflammation model when compared with pure clove essential oil along with relatively higher efficacy of medicated NFs than that of medicated nanoemulgel. Such prominent anti-inflammatory activity was affirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. CONCLUSION These results indicated that nanoemulsion-based nanoemulgel and nanoemulsion-based NFs could be introduced to the phytomedicine field as promising topical delivery systems for effective treatment of inflammatory diseases instead of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that possess adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Mokhtar Aman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura35516, Egypt
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Tudor DV, Bâldea I, Lupu M, Kacso T, Kutasi E, Hopârtean A, Stretea R, Gabriela Filip A. COX-2 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in melanoma. Cancer Biol Med 2020; 17:20-31. [PMID: 32296574 PMCID: PMC7142851 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2019.0339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
With a constantly increasing incidence, cutaneous melanoma has raised the need for a better understanding of its complex microenvironment that may further guide therapeutic options. Melanoma is a model tumor in immuno-oncology. Inflammation represents an important hallmark of cancer capable of inducing and sustaining tumor development. The inflammatory process also orchestrates the adaptative immunosuppression of tumor cells that helps them to evade immune destruction. Besides its role in proliferation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a well-known promoter of immune suppression in melanoma. COX-2 inhibitors are closely involved in this condition. This review attempts to answer two controversial questions: is COX-2 a valuable prognostic factor? Among all COX-2 inhibitors, is celecoxib a suitable adjuvant in melanoma therapy?
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Valentina Tudor
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Cluj-Napoca 400000, Romania
| | - Ioana Bâldea
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Cluj-Napoca 400000, Romania
| | - Mihai Lupu
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Cluj-Napoca 400000, Romania
| | - Teodor Kacso
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Cluj-Napoca 400000, Romania
| | - Eniko Kutasi
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Cluj-Napoca 400000, Romania
| | - Andreea Hopârtean
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Cluj-Napoca 400000, Romania
| | - Roland Stretea
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Cluj-Napoca 400000, Romania
| | - Adriana Gabriela Filip
- Department of Physiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, Cluj-Napoca 400000, Romania
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Jiang M, Deng H, Chen X, Lin Y, Xie X, Bo Z. The efficacy and safety of selective COX-2 inhibitors for postoperative pain management in patients after total knee/hip arthroplasty: a meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res 2020; 15:39. [PMID: 32024535 PMCID: PMC7003344 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-1569-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many selective cyclooxygenase (COX-2) inhibitors are currently used in clinical practice. COX-2 inhibitors have good anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic effects, and gastrointestinal safety. However, the analgesic effects and adverse reactions of COX-2 after total knee/hip arthroplasty (TKA/THA) are not fully known. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of selective COX-2 inhibitors in postoperative pain management in patients receiving TKA/THA. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were retrieved from medical literature databases. Risk ratios (RR) Std mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to analyze the primary and safety endpoints. RESULTS In total, 18 articles (23 trial comparisons) were retrieved comprising 3104 patients. Among them, 1910 patients (61.5%) were randomized to the experimental group whereas 1194 patients (38.5%) were randomized to the control group. The primary endpoints were the patients' VAS score at rest or on ambulation (within 3 days). We found that VAS score in patients that received selective COX-2 inhibitor was significantly lower compared to those of the control group. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis shows that selective COX-2 inhibitor therapy is effective, safe, and reliable in relieving postoperative pain of THA/TKA.
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MESH Headings
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/trends
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/adverse effects
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/trends
- Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Pain Management/methods
- Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy
- Pain, Postoperative/etiology
- Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/methods
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Jiang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Huachu Deng
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xuxu Chen
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yunni Lin
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyong Xie
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhandong Bo
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Ragab FAEF, Mohammed EI, Abdel Jaleel GA, Selim AAMAER, Nissan YM. Synthesis of Hydroxybenzofuranyl-pyrazolyl and Hydroxyphenyl-pyrazolyl Chalcones and Their Corresponding Pyrazoline Derivatives as COX Inhibitors, Anti-inflammatory and Gastroprotective Agents. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2020; 68:742-752. [PMID: 32741915 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Five new series of hydroxybenzofuranyl-pyrazolyl chalcones 3a,b, hydroxyphenyl-pyrazolyl chalcones 6a-c and their corresponding pyrazolylpyrazolines 4a, d, 7a-c and 8a-f have been synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activity. All the synthesized compounds exhibited dual COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activity with obvious selectivity against COX-2. The pyrazolylpyrazolines 4a-d and 8a-f bearing two vicinal aryl moieties in the pyrazoline nucleus showed more selectivity towards COX-2. Within these two series, derivatives 4c, d and 8d-f bearing the benzenesulfonamide group were the most selective. Compounds 4a-d and 8a-f were further subjected to in vivo anti-inflammatory screening, ulcerogenic liability and showed good anti-inflammatory activity with no ulcerogenic effect. In addition compounds 4c and 8d as examples showed prostaglandin (PG)E2 inhibition % 44.23 and 51.4 respectively, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) inhibition % 33.48 and 41.41 respectively and gastroprotective effect in ethanol induced rodent gastric ulcer model. In addition, to explore the binding mode and selectivity of our compounds, 8d and celecoxib were docked into the active site of COX-1 and COX-2. It was found that compound 8d exhibited a binding pattern and interactions similar to that of celecoxib with COX-2 active site, while bitter manner of interaction than celecoxib to COX-1 active site.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yassin Mohammed Nissan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA)
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Mitryayeva NA, Grebinyk LV, Uzlenkova NE. INFLUENCE OF COMBINED ACTION OF X-RADIATION AND CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 - MELOXIVET INHIBITOR ON VEGF AND PGE-2 CONTENT IN BLOOD OF RAT-TUMOR CARRIERS. Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol 2019; 24:261-269. [PMID: 31841472 DOI: 10.33145/2304-8336-2019-24-261-269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this work was to study the effect of the combined action of X-radiation and the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor on the level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE-2) in blood serum of rat-tumor carriers at irradiation in different doses. MATERIALS AND METHODS 20 tumor-bearing rats of the Wistar population weighing 160-180 g, with transplanted Guerin carcinoma, fractionated irradiation (5 Gy + 5 Gy) and (0.5 Gy + 0.5 Gy) of the tumor growth zone on the RUM- 17 was carried out, with an interval between sessions of 24 hours. The drug «Meloxivet» - a selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 was administered 24 hours before irradiation and 2 hours before the second exposure (0.2 mg per 1 kg body weight). Blood sampling was performed by the method of life-time decapitation after 24 hours after the last fraction of irradiation. The content of VEGF in blood serum was determined by the method of enzyme immunoas- say using standardResults. After fractionated irradiation in a total dose of 1 Gy (0.5 Gy + 0.5 Gy), the level of VEGF was increased by 1.5 times compared with intact control, and in animals that were irradiated in a total dose of 10 Gy (5 Gy + 5 Gy ), the VEGF level was reduced by 1.92 times. That is, there was a difference in the content of VEGF in blood serum of rat tumor carriers, depending on the dose of irradiation: in a total dose of 1 Gy - stimulation of angiogenesis, and in the total dose of 10 Gy - a significant slowdown in this process. In the case of combined exposure to radiation (10 Gy) and the COX-2 inhibitor, meloxivet, the potential decrease in VEGF levels was 3.49 times compared to con- trol and 1.8 times with isolated exposure. At the same time, the level of PGE-2 also decreased with respect to iso- lated exposure by 1.5 times, indicating COX-2 inhibition. With a combined low dose (1 Gy) irradiation and COX-2- meloxivet inhibitor, VEGF levels were reduced by 1.1 times compared to control and 1.7 times relative to isolated exposure. At the same time, the level of PGE-2 also decreased in comparison with isolated radiation in 1,1 times. The obtained results indicate the influence of the combined act of irradiation and meloxivet on the level of VEGF and PGE-2, which causes the antiangiogenic effect.Сonclusions. It has been shown that low doses of ionizing radiation (1 Gy) and high doses (10 Gy) have a different effect on VEGF expression, and thus on angiogenesis processes. The combined effect of ionizing radiation and the COX-2 inhibitor (meloxivet) affects the level of PGE-2, VEGF, ie, the slowing of angiogenesis. In the case of large doses of exposure, this effect is even more expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Mitryayeva
- State Institution «Grigoriev Institute for medical Radiology NAMS of Ukraine», 82 Pushkinska St.,Kharkiv, 61024, Ukraine
| | - L V Grebinyk
- State Institution «Grigoriev Institute for medical Radiology NAMS of Ukraine», 82 Pushkinska St.,Kharkiv, 61024, Ukraine
| | - N E Uzlenkova
- State Institution «Grigoriev Institute for medical Radiology NAMS of Ukraine», 82 Pushkinska St.,Kharkiv, 61024, Ukraine
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Nicolini A, Ferrari P, Morganti R, Carpi A. Treatment of Metastatic or High-Risk Solid Cancer Patients by Targeting the Immune System and/or Tumor Burden: Six Cases Reports. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235986. [PMID: 31795079 PMCID: PMC6929121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This article summarizes the histories of six patients with different solid tumors treated with a new strategy based on tumor burden reduction and immune evasion as potential targets. All six patients were at a high risk of relapse and were likely to have a minimal residual disease following conventional therapy: biochemical recurrence (BCR) following radical prostatectomy (RP) (two prostate cancers patients), removal of distant metastases (one colorectal and one breast cancer), and complete response (CR) of distant metastases to conventional therapy (one breast cancer and one esophageal–gastric junction cancer). Four of the patients, two after RP and BCR, one after removal of a single pulmonary metastasis from breast cancer, and one after CR to chemotherapy of peritoneal metastases and ascites from an esophageal–gastric junction primary cancer, regularly received cycles of a new drug schedule with the aim of inhibiting immune suppression (IT). In these four patients, preliminary laboratory tests of peripheral blood suggested an interleukin (IL)-2/IL-12 mediated stimulation of cellular immune response with a concomitant decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immune suppression. The fifth case was a breast cancer patient with distant metastases in CR, while receiving beta-interferon and interleukin-2 in addition to conventional hormone therapy. To date, all five patients are alive and doing well and they have been unexpectedly disease-free for 201 and 78 months following BCR, 28 months following the removal of a single pulmonary metastases, 32 months following CR to chemotherapy of peritoneal metastases and ascites, and 140 months following diagnosis of multiple bone metastases, respectively. The sixth patient, who had colorectal cancer and multiple synchronous liver metastases and underwent nine surgical interventions for metastatic disease, although not disease-free, is doing well 98 months after primary surgery. Our six cases reports can be interpreted with the hypothesis that immune manipulation and/or a concomitant low tumor burden favored their clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nicolini
- Department of Oncology, Transplantation and New technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Paola Ferrari
- Department of Oncology, Transplantation and New technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Morganti
- Section of Statistics, University Hospital of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Angelo Carpi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
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Hofer M, Hoferová Z, Falk M. Brief Story on Prostaglandins, Inhibitors of their Synthesis, Hematopoiesis, and Acute Radiation Syndrome. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224019. [PMID: 31698831 PMCID: PMC6891503 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandins and inhibitors of their synthesis (cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) were shown to play a significant role in the regulation of hematopoiesis. Partly due to their hematopoiesis-modulating effects, both prostaglandins and COX inhibitors were reported to act positively in radiation-exposed mammalian organisms at various pre- and post-irradiation therapeutical settings. Experimental efforts were targeted at finding pharmacological procedures leading to optimization of therapeutical outcomes by minimizing undesirable side effects of the treatments. Progress in these efforts was obtained after discovery of selective inhibitors of inducible selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. Recent studies have been able to suggest the possibility to find combined therapeutical approaches utilizing joint administration of prostaglandins and inhibitors of their synthesis at optimized timing and dosing of the drugs which could be incorporated into the therapy of patients with acute radiation syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Hofer
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-541-517-171; Fax: +420-541-211-293
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Xiao K, Yu L, Xiao W, Peng H, Bian Y, Wu Z, Weng X. Pain Management Using Perioperative Administration of Parecoxib for Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Pain Physician 2019; 22:575-582. [PMID: 31775404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Controlling postoperative pain and improving outcomes after total hip arthroplasty (THA) remain an important challenge, which affects the functional recovery of the hip. OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of preemptive administration of the selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor parecoxib sodium (PS) after THA. STUDY DESIGN A prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical trial. SETTING An academic medical center. METHODS This randomized double-blind clinical trial compared postoperative analgesia intervention for unilateral primary THA. Patients were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the PS group and the control group. The PS group received 40 mg dose of PS 30 minutes before incision, 12 hours after THA, and every 12 hours for 2 days postoperatively, and the control group received normal saline solution at the same time point. In addition, both groups received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia of morphine. Perioperative visual analog scale (VAS) scores, cumulative morphine consumption, functional recovery, perioperative bleeding risk, and the selected indicators of the inflammatory response were compared between the PS group and the control group. RESULTS From October 2014 to June 2015, 180 patients undergoing unilateral primary THA were screened for this prospective clinical trial. A total of 141 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned into the PS group (n = 69) and the control group (n = 72). Compared with the control group, VAS scores at rest were significantly lower in the PS group at 4, 12, and 24 hours after surgery, and VAS scores during movement were also lower in the PS group at 4, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours after surgery (all P < 0.001). Both the cumulative morphine consumption and its associated nausea and vomiting were reduced in the PS group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.021, respectively). The length of hospitalization in the PS group was shorter than the control group (PS group 5.91 ± 1.15 days, control group 6.41 ± 1.49 days; P = 0.019). The PS group had lower body temperature than the control group at postoperative day (POD) 1 (P = 0.003) and POD 3 (P = 0.001), and the levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in the PS group at POD 3 (P = 0.016) and POD 6 (P = 0.006) were also lower than those in the control group. The concentration of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 were significantly different between the 2 groups (IL-6, P = 0.007; IL-10, P = 0.006) on the first day postoperatively. The PS group was not significantly different from the control group with respect to any outcomes: blood loss, postoperative blood drainage and blood transfusion, and number of days needed to accomplish straight-leg raising and off-bed exercise. LIMITATIONS PS was used only until POD 2, and there was no long-term follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Perioperative administration of PS is an effective addition to a multimodal regimen that alleviates postoperative pain, reduces the cumulative morphine consumption, length of hospitalization, and perioperative inflammatory response, without increasing perioperative bleeding risk. KEY WORDS Parecoxib sodium, multimodal analgesia, total hip arthroplasty, inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingjia Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyuan Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiming Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Bian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Central Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xisheng Weng
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
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Uram Ł, Misiorek M, Pichla M, Filipowicz-Rachwał A, Markowicz J, Wołowiec S, Wałajtys-Rode E. The Effect of Biotinylated PAMAM G3 Dendrimers Conjugated with COX-2 Inhibitor (celecoxib) and PPARγ Agonist (Fmoc-L-Leucine) on Human Normal Fibroblasts, Immortalized Keratinocytes and Glioma Cells in Vitro. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203801. [PMID: 31652556 PMCID: PMC6832538 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant type of central nervous system tumor that is resistant to all currently used forms of therapy. Thus, more effective GBM treatment strategies are being investigated, including combined therapies with drugs that may cross the blood brain barrier (BBB). Another important issue considers the decrease of deleterious side effects of therapy. It has been shown that nanocarrier conjugates with biotin can penetrate BBB. In this study, biotinylated PAMAM G3 dendrimers substituted with the recognized anticancer agents cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor celecoxib and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist Fmoc-L-Leucine (G3-BCL) were tested in vitro on human cell lines with different p53 status: glioblastoma (U-118 MG), normal fibroblasts (BJ) and immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT). G3-BCL penetrated efficiently into the lysosomal and mitochondrial compartments of U-118 MG cells and induced death of U-118 MG cells via apoptosis and inhibited proliferation and migration at low IC50 = 1.25 µM concentration, considerably lower than either drug applied alone. Comparison of the effects of G3-BCL on expression of COX-2 and PPARγ protein and PGE2 production of three different investigated cell line phenotypes revealed that the anti-glioma effect of the conjugate was realized by other mechanisms other than influencing PPAR-γ expression and regardless of p53 cell status, it was dependent on COX-2 protein level and high PGE2 production. Similar G3-BCL cytotoxicity was seen in normal fibroblasts (IC50 = 1.29 µM) and higher resistance in HaCaT cells (IC50 = 4.49 µM). Thus, G3-BCL might be a good candidate for the targeted, local glioma therapy with limited site effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Uram
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańców Warszawy Ave, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Maria Misiorek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańców Warszawy Ave, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Monika Pichla
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańców Warszawy Ave, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Filipowicz-Rachwał
- Department of Cosmetics and Pharmaceutical Products Technology, Rzeszów University of Information Technology and Management, 2 Sucharskiego Str, 35-225 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Joanna Markowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszów University of Technology, 6 Powstańców Warszawy Ave, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Stanisław Wołowiec
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszów, Warzywna 1a, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Wałajtys-Rode
- Department of Drug Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology,75 Koszykowa Str, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
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Ferreira T, Campos S, Silva MG, Ribeiro R, Santos S, Almeida J, Pires MJ, Gil da Costa RM, Córdova C, Nogueira A, Neuparth MJ, Medeiros R, Monteiro Bastos MMDS, Gaivão I, Peixoto F, Oliveira MM, Oliveira PA. The Cyclooxigenase-2 Inhibitor Parecoxib Prevents Epidermal Dysplasia in HPV16-Transgenic Mice: Efficacy and Safety Observations. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163902. [PMID: 31405112 PMCID: PMC6720853 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis induced by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) involves inflammatory phenomena, partially mediated by cyclooxigenase-2. In pre-clinical models of HPV-induced cancer, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors have shown significant efficacy, but also considerable toxicity. This study addresses the chemopreventive effect and hepatic toxicity of a specific cyclooxigensase-2 inhibitor, parecoxib, in HPV16-transgenic mice. Forty-three 20 weeks-old female mice were divided into four groups: I (HPV16−/−, n = 10, parecoxib-treated); II (HPV16−/−n = 11, untreated); III (HPV16+/−, n = 11, parecoxib-treated) and IV (HPV16+/−, n = 11, untreated). Parecoxib (5.0 mg/kg once daily) or vehicle was administered intraperitoneally for 22 consecutive days. Skin lesions were classified histologically. Toxicological endpoints included genotoxic parameters, hepatic oxidative stress, transaminases and histology. Parecoxib completely prevented the onset of epidermal dysplasia in HPV16+/− treated animals (0% versus 64% in HPV16+/− untreated, p = 0.027). Parecoxib decreases lipid peroxidation (LPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and increases the GSH:GSSG ratio in HPV16+/− treated animals meaning that oxidative stress is lower. Parecoxib increased genotoxic stress parameters in wild-type and HPV16-transgenic mice, but didn’t modify histological or biochemical hepatic parameters. These results indicate that parecoxib has chemopreventive effects against HPV16-induced lesions while maintaining an acceptable toxicological profile in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Ferreira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Sandra Campos
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Mónica G Silva
- CQVR, Chemistry Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rita Ribeiro
- CQVR, Chemistry Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Susana Santos
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José Almeida
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria João Pires
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rui Miguel Gil da Costa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000 Vila Real, Portugal
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, (LEPABE) Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP), 4000 Porto, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4000 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Córdova
- School of Health Dr. Lopes Dias, IPC, 6000 Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | | | - Maria João Neuparth
- Advanced Polytechnic and University Cooperative (CESPU), Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (IINFACTS), 4585 Gandra, Portugal
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4000 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), 4000 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), 4000 Porto, Portugal
- CEBIMED, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, 4000 Porto, Portugal
- LPCC Research Department, Portuguese League against Cancer (NRNorte), 4000 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Isabel Gaivão
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology and Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Francisco Peixoto
- CQVR, Biology and Environment Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuel Oliveira
- CQVR, Chemistry Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Paula Alexandra Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000 Vila Real, Portugal.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dexketoprofen trometamol is a modified non-selective COX inhibitor with a rapid onset of action that is available as both oral and parenteral formulations. The aim of this narrative review was to assess the efficacy and tolerability/safety of dexketoprofen trometamol in acute pain states using the best available published scientific evidence (randomized controlled clinical trials and systematic reviews/meta-analyses). METHODS Literature retrieval was performed via Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library (from inception up to March 2017) using combinations of the terms "randomized controlled trials", "dexketoprofen", "celecoxib", "etoricoxib", "parecoxib" and "acute pain". RESULTS Single-dose dexketoprofen trometamol provides effective analgesia in the treatment of acute pain, such as postoperative pain (dental and non-dental surgery), renal colic, acute musculoskeletal disorders and dysmenorrhea, and reduces opioid consumption in the postoperative setting. It has a rapid onset of action (within 30 minutes) and is well tolerated during short-term treatment. Direct comparisons with COX-2 inhibitors are lacking; however, the efficacy and tolerability of single-dose dexketoprofen trometamol appears to be consistent with that seen with celecoxib, etoricoxib and parecoxib in the acute pain setting. CONCLUSION In conclusion, dexketoprofen trometamol appears to provide similar analgesic efficacy to COX-2 inhibitors when used to treat acute pain, has a rapid onset of action, is well tolerated, and has an opioid-sparing effect when used as part of a multimodal regimen in the acute pain setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdi Hanna
- a Analgesics and Pain Research (APR) , Beckenham, Kent , UK
| | - Jee Y Moon
- b Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine , Seoul National University Hospital College of Medicine and the Integrated Cancer Management Center, Seoul National University Cancer Hospital , Seoul , Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Parecoxib is a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor widely used as an analgesia technique in perioperative period for its potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. However, litter is known about its effect on postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). The purpose of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to evaluate the effect of parecoxib in the treatment of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. METHODS We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase databases for relevant studies up to October 2017. We selected fixed-effect model for analysis of data heterogeneity. Statistical analyses were performed by using Review Manager Version 5.3 for Windows. RESULTS Four RCTs with 904 patients that underwent surgical operations were included. The meta-analysis demonstrated parecoxib could significantly decrease the incidence of POCD on postoperative day 1, day 3, day 5, and day 7 when compared with control treatment; IL-6 and S100β concentrations were lower up to postoperative day 2. The consumption of morphine, fentanyl and tramadol in parecoxib groups were lower than control groups. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis suggested that the administration of Parecoxib was effective in treating early POCD within 7 days and reducing IL-6 and S100β concentrations within 2 days after operations. Nevertheless, our current study with some limitations such as the small sample size only provided limited quality of evidence, confirmation from further meta-analysis with large-scale, well-designed RCTs is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Huang
- Anesthesia Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Min De Road
| | - Haijun Hu
- Anesthesia Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Min De Road
| | - Yue-Hong Cai
- Ophthalmology Department, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Fuzhou Hua
- Anesthesia Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Min De Road
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85
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Dik B, Coskun D, Bahcivan E, Er A. Doxycycline and meloxicam can treat neuroinflammation by increasing activity of antioxidant enzymes in rat brain. Pak J Pharm Sci 2019; 32:391-396. [PMID: 30852475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the effects of alone or combined usage of doxycycline and meloxicam on brain superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced brain inflammation. Totally 78 rats were divided into 5 groups; Healthy control (n=6), LPS (n=18, 0.05μg/μL/rat, intracranially), LPS+D (n=18, LPS 0.05μg/μL/rat, intracranially and doxycycline 40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), LPS+M (n=18, LPS 0.05 μg/μL/rat, intracranially and meloxicam 2 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), LPS+Combination (n=18, LPS 0.05 μg/μL/rat, intracranially and simultaneously both drug combination) groups. Animals were euthanized at 1, 3 and 6 hours following injections and the brains were removed. Brain SOD, CAT, MDA and MMP-9 levels were determined by ELISA reader. Parameters of LPS groups generally different from Healthy control group. When compared to LPS group, increased SOD level of LPS+D at 3 hours and CAT levels of LPS+M and LPS+D groups were determined (P<0.05) at 3 and 6 hours, respectively. In addition, all treatments statistically significantly (P<0.05) decreased MMP-9 levels at 6 hours. In conclusion, doxycycline and meloxicam may show antioxidant effect via increasing antioxidant enzyme production in the brain; however combined usage of drugs may show more beneficial effect for neuroinflammation. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Dik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Devran Coskun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Emre Bahcivan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Er
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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Bavaresco DV, Colonetti T, Grande AJ, Colom F, Valvassori SS, Quevedo J, da Rosa MI. Efficacy of Celecoxib Adjunct Treatment on Bipolar Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2019; 18:19-28. [PMID: 30398124 DOI: 10.2174/1871527317666181105162347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by mood disturbances. The pathophysiology of BD is still poorly understood. In the last years, research studies focused on the role of inflammation in BD. OBJECTIVE Performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the potential effect of the cyclo- oxygenases (Cox)-2 inhibitor Celecoxib adjunct treatment in BD through randomized controlled trials (RCT). METHODS A search on the electronic databases was proceeded, on MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Biomed Central, Web of Science, IBECS, LILACS, PsycINFO, Congress Abstracts, and Grey literature (Google Scholar and the British Library) for studies published from January 1990 to February 2018. A search strategy was developed using the terms: "Bipolar disorder" or "Bipolar mania" or "Bipolar depression" or "Bipolar mixed" or "Bipolar euthymic" and "Celecoxib" or "Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors" or "Cox-2 inhibitors" as text words and Medical Subject Headings (i.e., MeSH and EMTREE) and searched. The therapeutic effects of adjunctive treatment with Celecoxib were analyzed. The meta-analysis was performed including the results of the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) at the end of RCT. RESULTS Three primary studies were included in the systematic review, with a total of 121 patients. The meta-analysis showed a significant effect on the YMRS scores from patients with BD who used Celecoxib adjuvant treatment in comparison to placebo. CONCLUSION The systematic review suggests that adjuvant treatment with Celecoxib improves the response of major treatments in patients with BD when compared with adjuvant placebo treatment. Systematic Review Registration Number: The review protocol was registered at PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42017067635); in June 06 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela V Bavaresco
- Translational Biomedicine Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, Brazil
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Tamy Colonetti
- Translational Biomedicine Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Antônio J Grande
- Laboratorio de Evidencias em Saude, Mestrado Profissional Ensino em Saude, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil
| | - Francesc Colom
- Mental Health Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar-CIBERSAM, Barcelona-Catalonia, Barcelona, Brazil
| | - Samira S Valvassori
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, Brazil
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
- Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, United States
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Maria I da Rosa
- Translational Biomedicine Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciuma, SC, Brazil
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Jaén RI, Prieto P, Casado M, Martín-Sanz P, Boscá L. Post-translational modifications of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 in colorectal cancer: An update. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:5454-5461. [PMID: 30622375 PMCID: PMC6319129 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i48.5454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The biosynthesis of prostanoids is involved in both physiological and pathological processes. The expression of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2; also known as COX-2) has been traditionally associated to the onset of several pathologies, from inflammation to cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and oncologic events. For this reason, the search of selective PTGS2 inhibitors has been a focus for therapeutic interventions. In addition to the classic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, selective and specific PTGS2 inhibitors, termed coxibs, have been generated and widely used. PTGS2 activity is less restrictive in terms of substrate specificity than the homeostatic counterpart PTGS1, and it accounts for the elevated prostanoid synthesis that accompanies several pathologies. The main regulation of PTGS2 occurs at the transcription level. In addition to this, the stability of the mRNA is finely regulated through the interaction with several cytoplasmic elements, ranging from specific microRNAs to proteins that control mRNA degradation. Moreover, the protein has been recognized to be the substrate for several post-translational modifications that affect both the enzyme activity and the targeting for degradation via proteasomal and non-proteasomal mechanisms. Among these modifications, phosphorylation, glycosylation and covalent modifications by reactive lipidic intermediates and by free radicals associated to the pro-inflammatory condition appear to be the main changes. Identification of these post-translational modifications is relevant to better understand the role of PTGS2 in several pathologies and to establish a correct analysis of the potential function of this protein in diseases progress. Finally, these modifications can be used as biomarkers to establish correlations with other parameters, including the immunomodulation dependent on molecular pathological epidemiology determinants, which may provide a better frame for potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael I Jaén
- Department of Metabolism and Physiopathology of Inflammatory Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Patricia Prieto
- Department of Metabolism and Physiopathology of Inflammatory Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Marta Casado
- Department of Biomedicine, Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia (CSIC), Valencia 46010, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, y Hepáticas y Digestivas, ISCIII, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Paloma Martín-Sanz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, y Hepáticas y Digestivas, ISCIII, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Unidad Asociada IIBM-ULPGC, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35001, Spain
| | - Lisardo Boscá
- Department of Metabolism and Physiopathology of Inflammatory Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, y Hepáticas y Digestivas, ISCIII, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Unidad Asociada IIBM-ULPGC, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35001, Spain
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Sadegh M, Sakhaie MH. Carvacrol mitigates proconvulsive effects of lipopolysaccharide, possibly through the hippocampal cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:2045-2050. [PMID: 30229386 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0314-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Systemic injection of LPS changes neuronal excitability and increase susceptibility for convulsions. Carvacrol exerts neuroprotective and antiepileptic effects in animal models. Herein, we investigated the anticonvulsive effect of carvacrol on LPS induced seizure severity and possible involvement of the hippocampal COX-1 and -2 activities in this effect. Adult male wistar rats were used. LPS was injected (400 μg/kg; i.p.) four hours before the PTZ (80 mg/kg; i.p.) injection. Carvacrol was injected (100 mg/kg; i.p.) immediately after the LPS injection. Following the PTZ injection, behavioral seizures were observed for 30 min. Latency and duration for each stage were recorded for analysis. Rats divided into seven groups: (1) PTZ, (2) LPS + PTZ, (3) carvacrol + PTZ, (4) LPS + carvacrol + PTZ, (5) LPS, (6) carvacrol, (7) intact. At the end of the experimental procedure the hippocampus of all animals were extracted to measure COX- 1 and 2 levels using the ELISA. LPS injection four hours before the PTZ injection were significantly reduced latency to seizure stages 3-5 and increased duration of the stage 5 in compare with PTZ group (p < 0.05). Carvacrol significantly reduced these effects of LPS on seizure susceptibility (p < 0.05). However, injection of carvacrol alone before the PTZ injection did not significantly affect seizure indexes in compare with PTZ group. Additionally, LPS significantly increased hippocampal level COX-2 but not COX-1 (p < 0.01) and carvacrol significantly attenuates this effect of LPS (p < 0.001). Carvacrol prevents the proconvulsant effect of LPS possibly through the inhibition of the COX-2 increased activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sadegh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, 3848176941, Iran.
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Dadkhah A, Fatemi F, Rasooli A, Mohammadi Malayeri MR, Torabi F. Assessing the effect of Mentha longifolia essential oils on COX-2 expression in animal model of sepsis induced by caecal ligation and puncture. Pharm Biol 2018; 56:495-504. [PMID: 31070531 PMCID: PMC6282450 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1510972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Mentha longifolia L. (Lamiaceae), a traditional Iranian plant, possesses antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. OBJECTIVE We investigated the potential protective effects of M. longifolia essential oils (E.Os) on caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) induced liver injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Wistar Albino rats (n = 50) were grouped as follows: (1) a laparotomy group (LAP); (2) a CLP group (CLP); (3) the treatment groups received orally the E.Os (50 and 100 mg/kg b.w) and indomethacin (2 mg/kg b.w) for 2 weeks. The oxidative stress parameters, liver enzymes and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) level were measured in liver and plasma tissues. The liver was also harvested for the real time PCR of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) expression following histopathological examinations. RESULTS The results indicated that the CLP operation significantly increased lipid peroxidation (LP) [1.79-fold], myeloperoxidase (MPO) [2.76-fold], PGE2 [1.56-fold] besides plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) [2.4-fold] and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities [2.22-fold], while, markedly reduced glutathione (GSH) [0.63-fold] and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) levels [0.63-fold]. Even COX2 expression significantly increased in the CLP group as compared to the LAP group. Treatments of rats with the E.Os could return all the hepatic and plasma biomarkers to the normal levels. These results were further confirmed by pathological examination on liver indicating that E.Os could successfully improve the CLP-induced liver injuries. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that E.Os is able to protect liver injuries against sepsis via modulating the oxidative stress parameters concomitant with the suppression of inflammatory reactions such as PGE2 and COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Dadkhah
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Faezeh Fatemi
- Materials and Nuclear Fuel Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Rasooli
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Payame-e-Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Torabi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
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Peng HM, Wang LC, Wang W, Tang QH, Qian WW, Lin J, Jin J, Feng B, Yin XH, Weng XS, Zhou YX. Preemptive Analgesia with Parecoxib in Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Pain Physician 2018; 21:483-488. [PMID: 30282392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a well-accepted surgical treatment for terminal hip diseases. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of preemptive analgesia with parecoxib in patients undergoing primary unilateral THA. STUDY DESIGN A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. SETTING This study was conducted at Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Beijing Jishuitan Hospital in Beijing, China. METHODS A total of 94 patients scheduled for primary unilateral THA in 2 centers (Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Beijing Jishuitan Hospital) were randomly assigned to receive 40 mg parecoxib (n = 48) or 0.9% normal saline solution (n = 46) 30 minutes before incision. All patients received standardized intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) postoperatively. Preoperative baseline data, surgery-related conditions, postoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score, cumulative narcotic consumption of PCA, and complications were compared between the parecoxib group and the placebo group. RESULTS There were no significant differences in postoperative VAS pain score, cumulative narcotic consumption of PCA, proportion of analgesic remedy, and complications between the 2 groups. LIMITATIONS Only a single dose of parecoxib was used without including a dose-dependent control group. CONCLUSION A single dose of parecoxib 30 minutes before incision did not provide effective preemptive analgesia for the management of postoperative pain after primary unilateral THA. The possible effect of preemptive analgesia with parecoxib needs further investigation. KEY WORDS Total hip arthroplasty, pain, parecoxib, COX-2 selective inhibitor, preemptive analgesia, clinical trial, patient-controlled analgesia, analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ming Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Long-Chao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Heng Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Wei Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xing-Hua Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Sheng Weng
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
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Zhu XT, Chen L, Lin JH. Selective COX-2 inhibitor versus non-selective COX-2 inhibitor for the prevention of heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11649. [PMID: 30075549 PMCID: PMC6081155 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has equally efficacy with non-selective NSAIDs in preventing heterotopic ossification (HO) after total hip arthroplasty (THA) was controversial. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy and safety of selective NSAID versus non-selective NSAIDs for the prevention of HO after THA. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Google Search Engine, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases was searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were comparing selective NSAID versus non-selective NSAIDs for preventing HO after THA. The primary outcomes were overall HO incidence, Brooker classification HO incidence, gastrointestinal side effects, the occurrence of excessive bleeding and discontinuation caused by gastrointestinal side effects (DGSE). Data were analyzed using Stata 12.0. RESULTS A total of 8 RCTs involving 1636 patients were included in the meta-analysis. There was no significant difference between the nonselective NSAIDs group and the selective NSAIDs group in the overall incidence of HO (relative risk, RR = 0.91, 95% confidence intervals, CI 0.78-1.06, P = .203), Brooker I HO (RR = 1.02, 95% CI 0.85-1.23, P = .794), Brooker II HO (RR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.66-1.52, P = .996). Brooker III HO (RR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.37-2.62, P = .971). And the occurrence of excessive bleeding (RR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.24-1.92, P = .458). The selective NSAIDs group was associated with a significant decrease in gastrointestinal side effects (RR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.18-0.71, P = .004) and discontinuation caused by gastrointestinal side effects compared with the nonselective NSAIDs group (RR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.11-0.66, P = .004). CONCLUSION The available evidence indicates selective NSAIDs were as effective as non-selective NSAIDs in preventing HO after THA. And selective NSAIDs were associated with less gastrointestinal side effects than non-selective NSAIDs. Considering the limitation of current meta-analysis, more RCTs need to identify the optimal NSAIDs drug for HO after THA.
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Abstract
RATIONALE Multiple diaphyseal sclerosis (MDS), known as Ribbing disease, is a rare congenital bone disease resulting from autosomal recessive inheritance. The case study involved a 22-year-old female patient who had been diagnosed with chronic sclerosing osteomyelitis due to lack of knowledge about MDS. Previous studies reported rarely on this condition. PATIENT CONCERNS A 22-year-old female with MDS was analyzed. DIAGNOSES MDS is characterized radiographically by a fusiform widening of the diaphyseal portion of the long bones, which is caused by a thickening of the cortex with obstruction of the medullary cavity. The pathologies are observed utilizing diagnostic imagery and are often difficult to identify. INTERVENTION The patient was following a suggested regimen of oral celecoxib capsules at 200 mg/day for 6 days. OUTCOMES The patient's diagnosis was revised to the rare condition of Ribbing disease by reviewing the clinical history and distinctive radiography images and because the symptoms were alleviated by celecoxib capsule. We also present a review of the literature on the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MDS based on clinical and imaging features. LESSONS MDS is rare and may often be initially misdiagnosed as another type of sclerosing bone dysplasia, thus, it is important to be aware of the existence of MDS. Once MDS is suspected, differential diagnosis should be performed to exclude other sclerosing bone dysplasias, taking into account clinical history, distinctive radiographic appearance, distribution, and laboratory and histopathologic findings. Laboratory evaluation and pathologic findings are nonspecific but assist in excluding other diagnoses. More evidence is needed to illustrate the effectiveness of medical or surgical treatments for patients with MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangting Cai
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Haixiong Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Feng Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | | | - Shuncong Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Omar YM, Abdu-Allah HHM, Abdel-Moty SG. Synthesis, biological evaluation and docking study of 1,3,4-thiadiazole-thiazolidinone hybrids as anti-inflammatory agents with dual inhibition of COX-2 and 15-LOX. Bioorg Chem 2018; 80:461-471. [PMID: 29986191 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Selective inhibition of both cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 15-lipooxygenase (15-LOX) may provide good strategy for alleviation of inflammatory disorders while minimizing side effects associated with current anti-inflammatory drugs. The present study describes the synthesis, full characterization and biological evaluation of a series of thiadiazole-thiazolidinone hybrids bearing 5-alk/arylidene as dual inhibitors of these enzymes. Our design was based on merging pharmacophores that exhibit portent anti-inflammatory activities in one molecular frame. 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine (3) was efficiently synthesized, chloroacetylated and cyclized to give the key 4-thiazolidinone (5). Knovenagel condensation of 5 with different aldehydes afforded the final compounds 6a-m, 7, 8 and 9. These compounds were subjected to in vitro COX-1/COX-2, 15-LOX inhibition assays. Compounds (6a, 6f, 6i, 6l, 6m and 9) with promising potency (IC50 = 70-100 nM) and selectivity index (SI = 220-55) were further tested for in vivo anti-inflammatory activity and effect on gastric mucosa. The most promising compound (6l) inhibits COX-2 enzyme at a nanomolar concentration (IC50 = 70 nM, SI = 220) with simultaneous inhibition of 15-LOX (IC50 = 11 µM). These results are comparable to the potency and selectivity of the standard drugs of both enzymes; celecoxib (COX-2 IC50 = 49 nM, SI = 308) and zileuton (15-LOX IC50 = 15 µM) in one construct. Interestingly three compounds (6a, 6l and 9) exhibited equivalent to or even higher than that of celecoxib in vivo anti-inflammatory activity at 3 h interval with good GIT safety profile. Molecular docking study conferred binding sites of these compounds on COX-2 and 15-LOX. Such type of compounds would represent valuable leads for further investigation and derivatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser M Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Hajjaj H M Abdu-Allah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
| | - Samia G Abdel-Moty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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Ma WJ, Wang X, Yan WT, Zhou ZG, Pan ZZ, Chen G, Zhang RX. Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1/cyclooxygenase 2 expression prediction for adverse prognosis in colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:2181-2190. [PMID: 29853736 PMCID: PMC5974580 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i20.2181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1/cyclooxygenase 2 (IDO1/COX2) expression as an independent prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.
METHODS We retrospectively studied the medical records of 95 patients who received surgical resection from August 2008 to January 2010. All patients were randomly assigned to adjuvant treatment with or without celecoxib groups after surgery. We performed standard immunohistochemistry to assess the expression levels of IDO1/COX2 and evaluated the correlation of IDO1/COX2 with clinicopathological factors and overall survival (OS) outcomes.
RESULTS The expression of nuclear IDO1 was significantly correlated with body mass index (P < 0.001), and IDO1 expression displayed no association with sex, age, tumor differentiation, T stage, N stage, carcinoembryonic antigen, cancer antigen 19-9, CD3+ and CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, and COX2. In univariate analysis, we found that nuclear IDO1 (P = 0.039), nuclear/cytoplasmic IDO1 [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.044, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.871-4.798, P = 0.039], nuclear IDO1/COX2 (HR = 3.048, 95%CI: 0.868-10.7, P = 0.0049) and cytoplasmic IDO1/COX2 (HR = 2.109, 95%CI: 0.976-4.558, P = 0.022) all yielded significantly poor OS outcomes. Nuclear IDO1 (P = 0.041), nuclear/cytoplasmic IDO1 (HR = 3.023, 95%CI: 0.585-15.61, P = 0.041) and cytoplasmic IDO1/COX2 (HR = 2.740, 95%CI: 0.764-9.831, P = 0.038) have significantly poor OS outcomes for the CRC celecoxib subgroup. In our multivariate Cox model, high coexpression of cytoplasmic IDO1/COX2 was found to be an independent predictor of poor outcome in CRC (HR = 2.218, 95%CI: 1.011-4.48, P = 0.047) and celecoxib subgroup patients (HR = 3.210, 95%CI: 1.074-9.590, P = 0.037).
CONCLUSION Our results showed that cytoplasmic IDO1/COX2 coexpression could be used as an independent poor predictor for OS in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wen-Ting Yan
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhong-Guo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Gong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rong-Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China
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Martinez JA, Yang J, Wertheim BC, Roe DJ, Schriewer A, Lance P, Alberts DS, Hammock BD, Thompson PA. Celecoxib use and circulating oxylipins in a colon polyp prevention trial. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196398. [PMID: 29698447 PMCID: PMC5919576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs that inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and the metabolism of arachidonic acid (ARA) to prostaglandin E2 are potent anti-inflammatory agents used widely in the treatment of joint and muscle pain. Despite their benefits, daily use of these drugs has been associated with hypertension, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal toxicities. It is now recognized that ARA is metabolized to a number of bioactive oxygenated lipids (oxylipins) by cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. Currently, the contribution of individual variability in ARA metabolism in response to the COX-2 inhibitors and potential adverse effects remains poorly understood. Using patient samples from the randomized, placebo-controlled phase III selenium/celecoxib (Sel/Cel) trial for the prevention of colorectal adenomatous polyps, we analyzed plasma concentrations of 74 oxylipins in a subset of participants who received celecoxib (n = 90) or placebo (n = 95). We assessed the effect of celecoxib (with and without low dose aspirin) on circulating oxylipins and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Individual CYP450- and LOX- but not COX-derived metabolites were higher with celecoxib than placebo (P<0.05) and differences were greater among non-aspirin users. LOX derived 5- and 8-HETE were elevated with celecoxib and positively associated with systolic blood pressure (P = 0.011 and P = 0.019 respectively). 20-HETE, a prohypertensive androgen-sensitive CYP450 metabolite was higher with celecoxib absent aspirin and was positively associated with SBP in men (P = 0.040) but not women. Independent of celecoxib or aspirin, LOX derived metabolites from ARA were strongly associated with SBP including 5- and 8-HETE. These findings support oxylipins, particularly the ARA LOX-derived, in blood pressure control and indicate that pharmacologic inhibition of COX-2 has effects on LOX and CYP450 ARA metabolism that contribute to hypertension in some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Martinez
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Betsy C. Wertheim
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Denise J. Roe
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, United States of America
| | - Alexander Schriewer
- Department of Entomology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Peter Lance
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - David S. Alberts
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Patricia A. Thompson
- Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
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Steurer J. [Not Available]. Praxis (Bern 1994) 2018; 107:469-470. [PMID: 29642790 DOI: 10.1024/1661-8157/a002956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Johann Steurer
- 1 Horten-Zentrum für praxisorientierte Forschung und Wissenstransfer, Universitätsspital Zürich
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97
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Kale OE, Oyesola TO, Raji FS. Celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, offers chemoprevention against reproductive and neurobehavioural abnormalities induced by atrazine in male Wistar rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 58:84-97. [PMID: 29306822 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The cyclooxygenase-2/prostanoid pathway (COX-2) serves as a potential therapeutic target in various pathological conditions. Thus, the modulatory effect of celecoxib (CXB), a COX-2 inhibitor, in atrazine-induced toxicity was investigated. Five groups (n = 6 rats per group) of adult male Wistar rats received corn oil (2 ml/kg), atrazine (ATZ, 300 mg/kg) and CXB (5.7 mg/kg) respectively and their combinations via the oral route. Results obtained showed reduced (p < 0.05) sperm motility (25.8%) and counts (27.6%), testosterone (29.9%), luteinizing (33%) and follicle stimulating hormones (78.7%) plus elevated total cholesterol (112.3%), triglyceride (115.7%), malondialdehyde levels respectively in ATZ-treated rats. Similarly, ATZ administration causes reduced locomotion (33.6%), spontaneous motor activity (46.6%) and catalepsy effects (157.3%) respectively. However, CXB divided doses moderately reverse reproductive abnormalities, modulate neurobehavioural deficits and slightly preserved COX-2 elevation following ATZ intoxication. Furthermore, histopathology of testis shows improvement in treated rats. Overall, our data suggest chemopreventive actions via pharmacological inhibition of COX-2 activity during ATZ toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- O E Kale
- Department of Pharmacology, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr.) School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, PMB, 21244 Ikeja, Nigeria.
| | - T O Oyesola
- Department of Physiology, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr.) School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, PMB, 21244 Ikeja, Nigeria
| | - F S Raji
- Department of Physiology, Benjamin S. Carson (Snr.) School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, PMB, 21244 Ikeja, Nigeria
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98
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Grabosch SM, Shariff OM, Helm CW. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents to induce regression and prevent the progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 2:CD004121. [PMID: 29431861 PMCID: PMC6483561 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd004121.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in 2014, Issue 4. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) precedes the development of invasive carcinoma of the cervix. Current treatment of CIN is quite effective, but there is morbidity for the patient related to pain, bleeding, infection, cervical stenosis and premature birth in a subsequent pregnancy. Effective treatment with medications, rather than surgery, would be beneficial. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs), including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, to induce regression and prevent the progression of CIN. SEARCH METHODS Previously, we searched the Cochrane Gynaecological Cancer Group Trials Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (2013, Issue 11), MEDLINE (November, 2013) and Embase (November week 48, 2013). An updated search was performed in August 2017 for CENTRAL (2017, Issue 8), MEDLINE (July, week 3, 2017) and Embase (July week 31, 2017). Trial registries and journals were also searched as part of the update. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or controlled trials of NSAIDs in the treatment of CIN. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Three review authors independently abstracted data and assessed risks of bias in accordance with Cochrane methodology. Outcome data were pooled using fixed-effect meta-analyses. MAIN RESULTS In three RCTs, 171 women over the age of 18 years were randomised to receive celecoxib 400 mg daily for 14 to 18 weeks versus placebo (one study, 130 participants), celecoxib 200 mg twice daily by mouth for six months versus placebo (one study, 25 participants), or rofecoxib 25 mg once daily by mouth for three months versus placebo (one study, 16 participants). The study with rofecoxib was discontinued when the medicine was withdrawn from the market in 2004. The trials ran from June 2005 to April 2012, June 2002 to October 2003, and May to October 2004, respectively. We have chosen to include the data from the rofecoxib study as outcomes may be similar when other such NSAIDs are utilised.Partial or complete regression of CIN 2 or CIN 3 occurred in 31 out of 70 (44%) in the treatment arms and 19 of 62 (31%) in the placebo arms (risk ratio (RR) 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.93 to 2.27; P value 0.10), three studies, 132 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Complete regression of CIN 2 or CIN 3 occurred in 15 of 62 (24%) of those receiving celecoxib versus 10 of 54 (19%) of those receiving placebo (RR 1.31, 95% CI 0.65 to 2.67; P value 0.45, two studies, 116 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Partial regression of CIN 2 or CIN 3 occurred in 14 of 62 (23%) of those receiving celecoxib versus 8 of 54 (15%) of those receiving placebo (RR 1.56, 95% CI 0.72 to 3.4; P value 0.26), two studies, 116 participants; moderate-certainty evidence).Progression to a higher grade of CIN, but not to invasive cancer, occurred in one of 12 (8%) of those receiving celecoxib and two of 13 (15%) receiving placebo (RR 0.54, 95% CI 0.05 to 5.24; P value 0.60, one study, 25 participants; very low-certainty evidence). Two studies reported no cases of progression to invasive cancer within the timeframe of the study. No toxicity was reported in the two original articles. The trial added in this update had one Grade 3 gastrointestinal adverse effect in the treatment arm, but otherwise had similar Grade 1 to 2 side effects between treatment and placebo groups. Although the studies were well-conducted and randomised, some risk of bias was detected in all studies. Furthermore, the duration of the studies was short, which may mask identifying progression to cancer.The addition of the trial in this update quadrupled the number of patients in the original review and was a well-designed multicentre trial thus, increasing the overall certainty of evidence from very low to moderate for this review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There are currently no convincing data to support a benefit for NSAIDs in the treatment of CIN. With the addition of this new, larger randomised trial we would rate this as overall moderate-certainty evidence by the GRADE criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Grabosch
- Magee‐Womens Hospital of UPMCDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences300 Halket StPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA15213
| | - Osman M Shariff
- University of Louisville School of Medicine3646 Warner AveLouisvilleKentuckyUSA40207
| | - C. William Helm
- Princess Alexandra Wing, Royal Cornwall HospitalGynaecological OncologyTuroCornwallUKTR1 3LJ
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Scheda A, Finjap JK, Tuettenberg J, Brockmann MA, Hochhaus A, Hofheinz R, Lohr F, Wenz F. Efficacy of Different Regimens of Adjuvant Radiochemotherapy for Treatment of Glioblastoma. Tumori 2018; 93:31-6. [PMID: 17455869 DOI: 10.1177/030089160709300107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aims and background We retrospectively analyzed the impact of different adjuvant chemotherapy regimens in a group of patients treated for glioblastoma compared to patients receiving only postoperative radiotherapy. Material and methods Eighty-six consecutive patients underwent radiotherapy between January 2000 and December 2003: 52 patients received radiotherapy alone, 17 patients radiochemotherapy with low-dose temozolomide (20 mg/m2) + cyclooxygenase-2-inhibitors (200 mg), 6 patients radiochemotherapy with high-dose temozolomide (50 mg/m2). Eleven patients, with unfavorable prognostic factors, were treated with imatinib and 55/2.5 Gy. Results The groups treated with high- and low-dose temozolomide showed the longest overall survival (median, 21 months and 17 months, respectively). Median overall survival was 9 months for radiation alone and 4 months for the imatinibtreated group. The same positive trend of temozolomide on prolonged overall survival was confirmed when only patients submitted to maximally radical resection or patients with KPS >70 were considered. Differences in progression-free survival were not statistically significant. Conclusions Patients treated with adjuvant temozolomide either inside or outside of study protocols had survival times similar to other reports or randomized studies. The absence of a significant influence of temozolomide on progression-free survival could depend on the unavoidable drawbacks and biases of retrospective investigations or on the definition of relapse used. The unsatisfactory results of radiotherapy plus imatinib may have been due to a high prevalence of unfavorable prognostic factors in the respective patients. The ongoing controlled trial will further define the efficacy of adjuvant/concomitant imatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Scheda
- Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Radioonkologie, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Germany.
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White PB, Ramkumar PN, Meftah M, Ghazi N, Ranawat AS, Ranawat CS. Incidence of Heterotopic Ossification Following a Multimodal Pain Protocol in Total Hip Arthroplasty With the Posterior Approach. Orthopedics 2018; 41:e92-e97. [PMID: 29120007 DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20171102-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Heterotopic ossification (HO) is prevalent after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors have reduced the incidence of HO; however, to the authors' knowledge, no studies have reported the incidence and severity of HO with a pain protocol highlighted by celecoxib in the pre- and postoperative period with a posterolateral approach. Between October 2014 and October 2015, a retrospective study was conducted of 687 consecutive primary THAs with minimum 1-year follow-up performed between January 2009 and December 2013. All patients underwent a posterolateral THA with a multimodal pain protocol consisting of preoperative celecoxib; local steroid infiltration intraoperatively; postoperative celecoxib, dexamethasone, and ketorolac; and aspirin or warfarin thromboprophylaxis. For all patients, pre- and postoperative radiographs were examined and classified for HO using the Brooker classification. Interobserver reliability was calculated for both incidence of HO and Brooker classification. Overall, HO was present around 98 (14.3%) THAs. The incidence of Brooker I, II, and III HO was 38 (5.5%), 47 (6.8%), and 12 (1.7%), respectively. No patients required surgical excision or had radiographic evidence of Brooker IV HO. Multivariate logistic regression identified male sex and hypertrophic osteoarthritis as significant risk factors. The use of aspirin for thromboprophylaxis significantly reduced the incidence of HO. This study found the overall incidence of HO when using celecoxib during a posterior THA to be 14.3%, which is similar to what others have reported with the direct lateral approach and with other COX-2 inhibitors for a posterior approach. Risk factors include male sex and preoperative hypertrophic osteoarthritis. [Orthopedics. 2018; 41(1):e92-e97.].
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/methods
- Aspirin/therapeutic use
- Celecoxib/therapeutic use
- Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Female
- Humans
- Incidence
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Ossification, Heterotopic/diagnostic imaging
- Ossification, Heterotopic/epidemiology
- Ossification, Heterotopic/etiology
- Ossification, Heterotopic/prevention & control
- Osteoarthritis, Hip/complications
- Osteoarthritis, Hip/epidemiology
- Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control
- Radiography
- Reproducibility of Results
- Retrospective Studies
- Risk Factors
- Sex Factors
- United States/epidemiology
- Young Adult
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