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Beck M, Martinsen B, Birkelund R, Poulsen I. Raising a beautiful swan: a phenomenological-hermeneutic interpretation of health professionals' experiences of participating in a mealtime intervention inspired by Protected Mealtimes. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2017; 12:1360699. [PMID: 28835178 PMCID: PMC5590627 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2017.1360699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The British concept named Protected Mealtimes is known for stopping all non-acute activities and giving health professionals an opportunity to focus on providing patients their meals without being interrupted or disturbed. PM involves a cultural and behavioural change in the clinical setting, since health professionals are asked to adjust their daily routines. This study investigate how health professionals experience participating in a mealtime intervention inspired by the concept of Protected Mealtimes and intend to change mealtime practices. Three focus group interviews was conducted and included a total of 15 interdisciplinary staff members. After transcribing the interviews, the text material was analysed and interpreted in a three-methodological-step process inspired by the French philosopher Paul Ricoeur. In the analysis and interpretation three themes was identified. The themes were: (1) a chance towards a new and better scene; (2) a step towards a more neurologically friendly environment; and (3) a renewed view of the neurological patients. This study concludes that to the health professionals, the intervention was meaningful in several ways because it created structure during mealtimes and emphasized the importance of creating a calm environment for both patients and health professionals. The intervention was described as an eye-opening and well-regarded event in the field of neurological care that facilitated community, and reflections on nursing care and professional identity were expressed.
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Doser K, Poulsen I, Wuensch A, Norup A. Psychological outcome after severe traumatic brain injury in adolescents and young adults: The chronic phase. Brain Inj 2017; 32:64-71. [PMID: 29156990 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2017.1363408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Young individuals surviving severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently experience a wide range of cognitive, emotional and behavioural consequences. This cross-sectional follow-up study investigated psychological outcome of young survivors in the chronic phase, and whether psychological outcome was associated with improvement of functional abilities during sub-acute admission. METHODS Patients, who acquired a severe TBI during adolescence or early adulthood (n = 36) and received early intensive rehabilitation, were contacted for follow-up assessment concerning psychological outcome and completed the Adult Self Report 18-59 (ASR18-59). Demographic data, functional outcomes and severity measures were obtained from the local database. RESULTS The participants had a mean age of 24.1 years (SD = 4.1) at follow-up, and the mean time since injury was 72.1 months (SD = 44.2). Results showed significantly higher scores compared with the normative reference population in relation to the subscales withdrawal/isolation (p = 0.013), attention problems (p = 0.008) and intrusive behaviour (p = 0.046). Pearson correlation analyses showed that young survivors experiencing more functional improvement during inpatient rehabilitation had fewer psychological problems during the chronic phase in the subscales: withdrawal/isolation, rule breaking, intrusive behaviour and total problems. CONCLUSION Young patients reported psychological problems in several areas during the chronic phase of injury, which may hinder complete reintegration and participation in society. Larger functional improvement during sub-acute rehabilitation seemed to be associated with less psychological problems in the chronic phase.
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Jensen PS, Petersen J, Kirketerp-Møller K, Poulsen I, Andersen O. Progression of disease preceding lower extremity amputation in Denmark: a longitudinal registry study of diagnoses, use of medication and healthcare services 14 years prior to amputation. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e016030. [PMID: 29101132 PMCID: PMC5695421 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with non-traumatic lower extremity amputation are characterised by high age, multi-morbidity and polypharmacy and long-term complications of atherosclerosis and diabetes. To ensure early identification of patients at risk of amputation, we need to gain knowledge about the progression of diseases related to lower extremity amputations during the years preceding the amputation. DESIGN A retrospective population-based national registry study. SETTING The study includes data on demographics, diagnoses, surgery, medications and healthcare services from five national registries. Data were retrieved from 14 years before until 1 year after the amputation. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the progression of diseases and use of medication and healthcare services. PARTICIPANTS An unselected cohort of patients (≥50 years; n=2883) subjected to a primary non-traumatic lower extremity amputation in 2010 or 2011 in Denmark. RESULTS The prevalence of atherosclerosis, hypertension and diabetes was 70%, 53% and 49%, respectively. Among patients with atherosclerosis, 42% had not received cholesterol-lowering treatment even though 87% had visited their general practitioner within the last year prior to amputation. Further, 16% were diagnosed with diabetes at the time of the amputation. The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases increased from 22% to 70%, atherosclerosis from 5% to 53% and diabetes from 17% to 35% over the 14 years preceding major amputation. Of all patients, 64% had been in contact with the hospital or outpatient clinics within the last 3 years, and 29% received a prescription of opioids 3 years prior to the amputation. CONCLUSION Among patients with non-traumatic lower extremity amputation, one-third live with undiagnosed and untreated atherosclerosis and one-sixth suffer from undiagnosed diabetes despite continuous contacts to general practitioner and the hospital. This study emphasises a need for enhanced focus, among both hospital clinicians and general practitioners, on the early identification of atherosclerosis and diabetes.
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Loft MI, Martinsen B, Esbensen BA, Mathiesen LL, Iversen HK, Poulsen I. Call for human contact and support: an interview study exploring patients’ experiences with inpatient stroke rehabilitation and their perception of nurses’ and nurse assistants’ roles and functions. Disabil Rehabil 2017; 41:396-404. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1393698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tulek Z, Poulsen I, Gillis K, Jönsson A. Nursing care for stroke patients: A survey of current practice in 11 European countries. J Clin Nurs 2017; 27:684-693. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Loft MI, Poulsen I, Esbensen BA, Iversen HK, Mathiesen LL, Martinsen B. Nurses’ and nurse assistants’ beliefs, attitudes and actions related to role and function in an inpatient stroke rehabilitation unit-A qualitative study. J Clin Nurs 2017; 26:4905-4914. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Beck AM, Kjaersgaard A, Hansen T, Poulsen I. Systematic review and evidence based recommendations on texture modified foods and thickened liquids for adults (above 17 years) with oropharyngeal dysphagia - An updated clinical guideline. Clin Nutr 2017; 37:1980-1991. [PMID: 28939270 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) has significant consequences for both the person with dysphagia and the society. An often-used treatment for OD is the recommendation of the texture of food and liquids. This recommendation seems to be based more on best practice than on evidence from a systematic review of existing scientific evidence. The aim of this paper was to report the result of an up-date of an original national guideline focussing on whether thickened liquids (review question 1) and modified foods (review question 2) are beneficial for adults above 17 years with OD in relation to three critical outcomes (aspiration, pneumonia and death) and seven important outcomes (dehydration, weight loss, mealtime performance, patient preferences, intervention adherence and quality of life). METHODS Three steps were used. First: An updated systematic literature search. Second: An assessment of the quality of the evidence for each review question by means of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Third: Development of clinical recommendations based on the evidence, assessment of the risk benefit ratio, and perceived patient preferences. RESULTS The body of evidence consisted of two RCTs for review question 1 both using nectar thickened liquids or honey-thickened liquids. No evidence was found for two important outcomes, mealtime performance and quality of life. With regard to risk of pneumonia, death, aspiration, dehydration, weight loss and intervention adherence no significant differences were found. The outcome addressing patient preferences, found a non-significant increased dissatisfaction with nectar thickened liquids (RR 1.11; 95% CI 0.95-1.30) and a significant increased dissatisfaction with honey thickened liquids compared to thin liquids/chin down (RR 1.18; 95% CI 1.01-1.37). No evidence was identified for review question 2. CONCLUSIONS Based on the quality of the evidence, assessment of the risk benefit ratio, and perceived patient preferences a weak recommendation against the use of texture modified liquids and good clinical practice pointing for the use of texture modified foods in patients with OD were made.
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Beck M, Poulsen I, Martinsen B, Birkelund R. Longing for homeliness: exploring mealtime experiences of patients suffering from a neurological disease. Scand J Caring Sci 2017; 32:317-325. [DOI: 10.1111/scs.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Madsen K, Hesby S, Poulsen I, Fuglsang S, Graff J, Larsen KB, Kammersgaard LP, Law I, Siebner HR. Comparison of analytical methods of brain [ 18F]FDG-PET after severe traumatic brain injury. J Neurosci Methods 2017; 291:176-181. [PMID: 28811199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of consciousness has been shown to reduce cerebral metabolic rates of glucose (CMRglc) measured by brain [18F]FDG-PET. Measurements of regional metabolic patterns by normalization to global cerebral metabolism or cerebellum may underestimate widespread reductions. NEW METHOD The aim of this study was to compare quantification methods of whole brain glucose metabolism, including whole brain [18F]FDG uptake normalized to uptake in cerebellum, normalized to injected activity, normalized to plasma tracer concentration, and two methods for estimating CMRglc. Six patients suffering from severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and ten healthy controls (HC) underwent a 10min static [18F]FDG-PET scan and venous blood sampling. RESULTS Except from normalizing to cerebellum, all quantification methods found significant lower level of whole brain glucose metabolism of 25-33% in TBI patients compared to HC. In accordance these measurements correlated to level of consciousness. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Our study demonstrates that the analysis method of the [18F]FDG PET data has a substantial impact on the estimated whole brain cerebral glucose metabolism in patients with severe TBI. Importantly, the SUVR method which is often used in a clinical setting was not able to distinguish patients with severe TBI from HC at the whole-brain level. CONCLUSION We recommend supplementing a static [18F]FDG scan with a single venous blood sample in future studies of patients with severe TBI or reduced level of consciousness. This can be used for simple semi-quantitative uptake values by normalizing brain activity uptake to plasma tracer concentration, or quantitative estimates of CMRglc.
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Conde V, Andreasen SH, Petersen TH, Larsen KB, Madsen K, Andersen KW, Akopian I, Madsen KH, Hansen CP, Poulsen I, Kammersgaard LP, Siebner HR. Alterations in the brain's connectome during recovery from severe traumatic brain injury: protocol for a longitudinal prospective study. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e016286. [PMID: 28615277 PMCID: PMC5541610 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is considered one of the most pervasive causes of disability in people under the age of 45. TBI often results in disorders of consciousness, and clinical assessment of the state of consciousness in these patients is challenging due to the lack of behavioural responsiveness. Functional neuroimaging offers a means to assess these patients without the need for behavioural signs, indicating that brain connectivity plays a major role in consciousness emergence and maintenance. However, little is known regarding how changes in connectivity during recovery from TBI accompany changes in the level of consciousness. Here, we aim to combine cutting-edge neuroimaging techniques to follow changes in brain connectivity in patients recovering from severe TBI. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A multimodal, longitudinal assessment of 30 patients in the subacute stage after severe TBI will be made comprising an MRI session combined with electroencephalography (EEG), a positron emission tomography session and a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) combined with EEG (TMS/EEG) session. A group of 20 healthy participants will be included for comparison. Four sessions for patients and two sessions for healthy participants will be planned. Data analysis techniques will focus on whole-brain, both data-driven and hypothesis-driven, connectivity measures that will be specific to the imaging modality. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The project has received ethical approval by the local ethics committee of the Capital Region of Denmark and by the Danish Data Protection. Results will be published as original research articles in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated in international conferences. None of the measurements will have any direct clinical impact on the patients included in the study but may benefit future patients through a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the recovery process after TBI. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02424656; PRE-RESULTS.
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Beck M, Birkelund R, Poulsen I, Martinsen B. Supporting existential care with protected mealtimes: patients' experiences of a mealtime intervention in a neurological ward. J Adv Nurs 2017; 73:1947-1957. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Graff HJ, Christensen U, Poulsen I, Egerod I. Patient perspectives on navigating the field of traumatic brain injury rehabilitation: a qualitative thematic analysis. Disabil Rehabil 2017; 40:926-934. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1280542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Poulsen I, Vendel Petersen H, Rahm Hallberg I, Schroll M. Lack of nutritional and functional effects of nutritional supervision by nurses: a quasi-experimental study in geriatric patients. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD & NUTRITION 2016. [PMCID: PMC2606983 DOI: 10.1080/17482970701256245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Poulsen I, Hallberg IR, Petersen HV, Schroll M. Response to Letter to the editor by Frode Slinde and Ulla Svantesson. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD & NUTRITION 2016. [PMCID: PMC2606997 DOI: 10.1080/17482970701440211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Poulsen I, Hesselbo B, Pietersen I, Schroll M. Implementation of functional assessment scales in geriatric practice: A feasibility study. Scand J Public Health 2016; 33:292-9. [PMID: 16087492 DOI: 10.1080/14034940510005806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Aim: A study was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of functional assessment scales regarding completion rate and ability to document functional changes in geriatric rehabilitation patients. Methods: Five functional assessment scales were implemented, and used on admission and discharge as part of standard care. Results: Of 2,812 patients, 90 patients (3.2%) had no scales administered, 2,330 patients (82.9%) had between one and six scales administered and 392 (13.9%) had a complete data set (seven scales). The percentage of inpatients who were independent or almost independent in basic ADL functions improved from 30% to 60% during hospitalization; 53% had cognitive impairment, while 19% expressed depressive thoughts or depression on admission. Conclusion: Functional assessment scales were feasible in the clinical routine, gave important information on patients' functional status at baseline, and showed that patients improved their physical function considerably during hospitalization. Interdisciplinary teamwork and management affect the success of the implementation of assessment scales.
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Hart T, Whyte J, Poulsen I, Kristensen KS, Nordenbo AM, Chervoneva I, Vaccaro MJ. How Do Intensity and Duration of Rehabilitation Services Affect Outcomes From Severe Traumatic Brain Injury? A Natural Experiment Comparing Health Care Delivery Systems in 2 Developed Nations. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2016; 97:2045-2053. [PMID: 27497825 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of inpatient and outpatient treatment intensity on functional and emotional well-being outcomes at 1 year after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN Prospective, quasiexperimental study comparing outcomes in a U.S. TBI treatment center with those in a Denmark (DK) center providing significantly greater intensity and duration of rehabilitation. SETTING Inpatient and outpatient TBI rehabilitation. PARTICIPANTS Persons with severe TBI (N=274). INTERVENTIONS Inpatient rehabilitation interventions were counted daily by discipline. Outpatient treatments were estimated per discipline using a structured interview administered to patients, caregivers, or both, at 12 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES FIM, Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended, Disability Rating Scale, Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools-Objective, Perceived Quality of Life, Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey, Brief Symptom Inventory-18-item version. RESULTS Despite identical inclusion criteria, patient severity on admission was greater at the DK site. After adjustment for patient/injury characteristics, there were no site differences in either functional or emotional outcome at 12 months. Significantly more inpatient plus outpatient treatment was administered to DK patients than to those in the U.S. For functional but not emotional treatments, more severely impaired patients received higher doses. One-year outcomes were predicted by admission severity, age, employment, and other baseline characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to expectation, DK patients who received significantly more rehabilitation services during the year after severe TBI did not differ in outcome from their less intensively treated U.S. counterparts, after adjusting for initial severity. The negative association of functional treatment dose with extent of early disability suggests that dose was driven by unmeasured factors reflecting need for services. Improved measures of injury-related factors driving treatment allocation are needed to model the independent effects of treatment on outcomes.
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Rosted E, Poulsen I, Hendriksen C, Wagner L. The Importance of Risk and Subgroup Analysis of Nonparticipants in a Geriatric Intervention Study. SCIENTIFICA 2016; 2016:2787282. [PMID: 27446634 PMCID: PMC4944059 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2787282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Background. A major concern in intervention studies is the generalizability of the findings due to refusal of intended participants to actually take part. In studies including ill older people the number of those declining to participate may be large and the concern is therefore relevant. Objectives. To compare patients characteristics, rates of acute readmission, and mortality after one and six months among older persons who agreed and those who declined to participate in a randomized controlled trial and to describe subgroups of nonparticipants. Design. Comparative study based on a randomized controlled trial. Setting. University hospital in the Capital Region of Denmark. Participants. Patients ≥70 years discharged home after a short Emergency Department stay. 399 were requested to participate; 271 consented, whereas 128 refused. Results. Refusers were more likely to be readmitted (p < 0.001) or die (p = 0.006). The largest subgroup of refusers described as "too ill" had the highest risk of readmission (OR = 3.00, 95% CI = 1.61-5.47, p = 0.001) and of mortality within six months (OR = 3.50, 95% CI = 1.64-7.49, p = 0.002). However, this seems not to have affected the results of our randomized study. Conclusion. We recommend that intervention studies among older people or other fragile patient groups include analysis of relevant risk and subgroup analyses of refusers.
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Beck M, Martinsen B, Poulsen I, Birkelund R. Mealtimes in a neurological ward: a phenomenological-hermeneutic study. J Clin Nurs 2016; 25:1614-23. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Brødsgaard A, Wagner L, Peitersen B, Sørensen TIA, Poulsen I. Seven- to nine-year-old children's own assessment of health-related quality of life is important in preventing overweight and obesity. J Child Health Care 2016; 20:87-97. [PMID: 25326541 DOI: 10.1177/1367493514551310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to study how, and to what degree, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), as assessed by children and their mothers, was related to overweight and obesity among children aged seven to nine years. Mother-child pairs of 149 non-overweight, 95 overweight and 16 obese children participated. We assessed HRQOL by the children's self-report and parent proxy report module of the PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales. We found that non-overweight children scored HRQOL slightly higher than overweight ones but significantly higher than did obese children. The same pattern was seen for the mothers' proxy HRQOL score and mothers in general scored higher than the children did. The results indicate that mothers in general were not sufficiently aware of how overweight and obesity affect their children's HRQOL. The psychosocial dimension of HRQOL was the most important aspect for the children. Thus, there is a need for information of mothers/parents about the impact of overweight and obesity on children's HRQOL. Such intervention by health professionals may among other interventions help to prevent and reduce overweight and obesity among children and thus help to increase the children's HRQOL throughout their lives.
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Bunkenborg G, Poulsen I, Samuelson K, Ladelund S, Åkeson J. Mandatory early warning scoring—implementation evaluated with a mixed-methods approach. Appl Nurs Res 2016; 29:168-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Norup A, Kristensen KS, Poulsen I, Mortensen EL. Evaluating clinically significant changes in health-related quality of life: A sample of relatives of patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2015; 27:196-215. [PMID: 26299841 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2015.1076484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to investigate change and predictors of change in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in relatives of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) during rehabilitation, and to analyse associations between changes in HRQoL and symptoms of anxiety and depression. The Vitality (VT), Mental Health (MH), Social Function (SF) and the Role Emotional (RE) scales from the Short Form 36, and the anxiety and depression scales from the Symptom Checklist-90 - Revised were used. Of the 62 relatives, 24.6% experienced a reliable improvement on the VT scale, 53.2% on the MH scale, 27.4% on the SF scale and 16.1% on the RE scale. Of the relatives, 24.0% experienced clinically significant change (CSC) on the VT scale, 19.6% on the MH scale, 21.6% on the SF scale, and 19.2% on the RE scale. Relatives' age and higher patient Glasgow Coma Scale score predicted the experience of CSC in RE, and change on the Functional Independence Measure in patients predicted CSC on the MH scale. Improvements in VT as well as MH were associated with improvement in symptoms of anxiety and depression, and improvement in SF was associated with improvement in symptoms of depression. About one-fifth of the sample experienced a CSC on one of the four HRQoL measures. Relatives experiencing CSC tended to be related to patients who showed more improvement during rehabilitation. Improvements in HRQoL were associated with improvements in symptoms of anxiety and depression.
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Odgaard L, Poulsen I, Kammersgaard LP, Johnsen SP, Nielsen JF. Surviving severe traumatic brain injury in Denmark: incidence and predictors of highly specialized rehabilitation. Clin Epidemiol 2015; 7:225-34. [PMID: 25848317 PMCID: PMC4374648 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s78141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify all hospitalized patients surviving severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Denmark and to compare these patients to TBI patients admitted to highly specialized rehabilitation (HS-rehabilitation). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients surviving severe TBI were identified from The Danish National Patient Registry and The Danish Head Trauma Database. Overall incidence rates of surviving severe TBI and incidence rates of admission to HS-rehabilitation after severe TBI were estimated and compared. Patient-related predictors of no admission to HS-rehabilitation among patients surviving severe TBI were identified using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS The average incidence rate of surviving severe TBI was 2.3 per 100,000 person years. Incidence rates of HS-rehabilitation were generally stable around 2.0 per 100,000 person years. Overall, 84% of all patients surviving severe TBI were admitted to HS-rehabilitation. Female sex, older age, and non-working status pre-injury were independent predictors of no HS-rehabilitation among patients surviving severe TBI. CONCLUSION The incidence rate of hospitalized patients surviving severe TBI was stable in Denmark and the majority of the patients were admitted to HS-rehabilitation. However, potential inequity in access to HS-rehabilitation may still be present despite a health care system based on equal access for all citizens.
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Baumgarten M, Poulsen I. Patients' experiences of being mechanically ventilated in an ICU: a qualitative metasynthesis. Scand J Caring Sci 2014; 29:205-14. [DOI: 10.1111/scs.12177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Hart T, Kozlowski AJ, Whyte J, Poulsen I, Kristensen K, Nordenbo A, Heinemann AW. Functional Recovery After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: An Individual Growth Curve Approach. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014; 95:2103-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Brødsgaard A, Wagner L, Poulsen I. Childhood Overweight Dependence on Mother-Child Relationship. Health Psychol Res 2014; 2:1583. [PMID: 26973939 PMCID: PMC4768551 DOI: 10.4081/hpr.2014.1583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The causes of childhood overweight are numerous and inter-related. The mother-child relationship is of great significance for the child's health. Previous studies have found patterns of dysfunctional interaction in families with obese children. Therefore, development of childhood overweight could be due to the mother-child relationship. The aim of this study was to investigate how, and to what degree, the mother-child relationship, assessed by the mothers, was related to overweight among children aged seven to nine years. The study was a cross sectional case-controlled one. It included 111 overweight and 149 non-overweight seven to nine year old children and their mothers. Weight status was determined according to the International Obesity Task Force reference for children Body Mass Index, age and gender adjusted. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to categorize the mother-child relationship as: complementary, asymmetrical, symmetrical or symbiotic prototypes. There was no difference in mother-child relationships - characterized by the prototypes - between the overweight and non-overweight mother-child pairs. Therefore, we conclude that the mother-child relationship has no bearing on the child's weight status according to the prototypes. It is suggested that it is more the culture, or the universal phenomenon of expressing love through food, than the mother-child relationship, which influences the development of childhood overweight, or that the mothers are not capable of assess the true attachment style between themselves and their children.
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Norup A, Kristensen KS, Poulsen I, Nielsen CL, Mortensen EL. Clinically significant changes in the emotional condition of relatives of patients with severe traumatic brain injury during sub-acute rehabilitation. J Rehabil Med 2013; 45:820-6. [PMID: 24002320 DOI: 10.2340/16501977-1190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate clinically significant change in the emotional condition of relatives of patients with severe traumatic brain injury during sub-acute rehabilitation. METHODS Participants were 62 pairs of relatives and patients. Relatives completed the anxiety and depression scales from the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R) when the patients were admitted to sub-acute rehabilitation and at discharge. Improvement in emotional condition was investigated using the following criteria: (i) statistically reliable improvement; and (ii) clinically significant change (CSC). RESULTS At admission, 53.2% and 58.1% of relatives had scores above cut-off values on the anxiety and depression scales, respectively. On the anxiety scale 69.7% of these experienced a reliable improvement according to the Reliable Change Index (RCI) and 45.5% also obtained CSC, as their end-point was below the cut-off value. On the depression scale the corresponding figures were 44.4% and 41.7%, respectively. When comparing relatives with and without CSC, we found that CSC in symptoms of anxiety was associated with significantly better functional improvement during rehabilitation and a shorter period of post-traumatic amnesia in the patients. CONCLUSION Of the relatives who reported scores above cut-off values on the anxiety and depression scales at patient's admission, approximately 40% experienced CSC in anxiety and depression during the patient's rehabilitation. Relatives of patients experiencing improvement during inpatient rehabilitation are more likely to experience CSC in anxiety.
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Bunkenborg G, Samuelson K, Poulsen I, Ladelund S, Åkeson J. Lower incidence of unexpected in-hospital death after interprofessional implementation of a bedside track-and-trigger system. Resuscitation 2013; 85:424-30. [PMID: 24321322 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2013.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In-hospital patients may suffer unexpected death because of suboptimal monitoring. Early recognition of deviating physiological parameters may enable staff to prevent unexpected in-hospital death. The aim of this study was to evaluate short- and long-term effects of systematic interprofessional use of early warning scoring, structured observation charts, and clinical algorithms for bedside action. METHODS A prospective non-randomized controlled study of unexpected in-hospital death before and after implementation of a clinical intervention in a medical and surgical ward setting at an urban Danish university hospital. Information was obtained over three four-month study periods - a pre-interventional one in 2009 (1st March-30th June), and two postinterventional ones in 2010 (1st September-31st December) and 2011 (1st March-30th June). The incidence of unexpected patient death, the primary study outcome, was calculated as the rate of unexpected patient mortality based on in-hospital risk time. RESULT The adjusted unexpected patient mortality rate was significantly lower during the second postinterventional study period than before the intervention, 17 versus 61 per 100 adjusted patient years (P=0.013), corresponding to a rate ratio of 0.271 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.097-0.762). A tendency to reduced unexpected mortality was found during the first postinterventional study period (25 versus 61 per 100 adjusted patient years, P=0.053; rate ratio 0.404, CI 0.161-1.012). CONCLUSION Clinical intervention comprising systematic monitoring practice, early warning scoring, an observation chart, and an algorithm for bedside management, implemented by interprofessional teaching, training, and optimization of communication and collaboration, may significantly reduce unexpected in-hospital mortality.
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Brødsgaard A, Wagner L, Peitersen B, Poulsen I. Action competence obstacles to managing childhood overweight: in-depth interviews with mothers of 7- to 9-year-old children. J Pediatr Nurs 2013; 28:453-63. [PMID: 23531468 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2013.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This qualitative phenomenological study interviewed seven mothers to overweight children and six mothers to non-overweight children aged 7 to 9 years old about their views and experiences with preventing and managing overweight in their children. The essence was that the mothers felt responsible for their children's habits, including those leading to overweight. They also felt that competent and had the opportunity to take preventive measures against child overweight but they did not always have the energy to do so. Even resourceful mothers required support from nurses and health professionals. Our results contribute to better understanding how to approach, motivate and support mothers to draw on their own competencies to benefit their children's weight and health.
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Wolffbrandt MM, Poulsen I, Engberg AW, Hornnes N. Occurrence and severity of agitated behavior after severe traumatic brain injury. Rehabil Nurs 2013; 38:133-41. [PMID: 23658127 DOI: 10.1002/rnj.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the occurrence and severity of agitation in patients after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), to identify predictors of agitation and to study interrater reliability for a translated version of the Agitated Behavior Scale (ABS). DESIGN Prospective observational study. From November 1, 2006, through October 2007, 46 consecutive patients with TBI were included in the early rehabilitation phase following neurosurgical intervention. Agitated behavior was assessed by the ABS, which was implemented in clinical practice. Logistic regression analysis identified predictors of agitated behavior and Intra Class Correlation was used to analyze reliability. FINDINGS Agitated behavior occurred in 41% of patients, of whom one third exhibited severely agitated behavior. The interrater reliability between three nurses was good to excellent. CONCLUSIONS Using ABS as a tool in care of patients with agitated behavior may be effective through working as a common language. CLINICAL RELEVANCE We recommend the use of ABS as a routine assessment in early rehabilitation of patients with TBI.
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Sommer J, Norup A, Poulsen I, Morgensen J. Cognitive activity limitations one year post-trauma in patients admitted to sub-acute rehabilitation after severe traumatic brain injury. J Rehabil Med 2013; 45:778-84. [DOI: 10.2340/16501977-1208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Bunkenborg G, Samuelson K, Akeson J, Poulsen I. Impact of professionalism in nursing on in-hospital bedside monitoring practice. J Adv Nurs 2012; 69:1466-77. [PMID: 22924865 DOI: 10.1111/jan.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This article reports a study exploring nursing practice of monitoring in-hospital patients including intra- and interprofessional communication and collaboration. BACKGROUND Sub-optimal care in general in-hospital wards may lead to admission for intensive care, cardiac arrest, or sudden death. Reasons may include infrequent measurements of vital parameters, insufficient knowledge of their predictive values, and/or sub-optimal use of Medical Emergency Teams. This study was designed to improve understanding of nursing practice and to identify changes required to support nursing staff in improving standards of clinical monitoring practice and patient safety in general in-hospital wards. DESIGN The study was designed as a qualitative descriptive clinical study, based on method triangulation including structured individual observations and semi-structured individual interviews. METHODS In the spring of 2009, structured observations and semi-structured interviews of 13 nurses were carried out at a university hospital in Copenhagen, Denmark. The observational notes and interview transcriptions were analysed using content analysis. RESULTS One theme (Professionalism influences nursing monitoring practice) and two sub-themes (Knowledge and skills and Involvement in clinical practice through reflections) were identified. Three categories (Decision-making, Sharing of knowledge, and Intra- and interprofessional interaction) were found to be associated with the theme, the sub-themes, and with each other. CONCLUSION Clinical monitoring practice varies considerably between nurses with different individual levels of professionalism. Future initiatives to improve patient safety by further developing professionalism among nurses need to embrace individual and organizational attributes to strengthen their practice of in-hospital patient monitoring and management.
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Rosted E, Wagner L, Hendriksen C, Poulsen I. Geriatric nursing assessment and intervention in an emergency department: a pilot study. Int J Older People Nurs 2012; 7:141-51. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-3743.2012.00323.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Schou L, Høstrup H, Lyngsø EE, Larsen S, Poulsen I. Validation of a new assessment tool for qualitative research articles. J Adv Nurs 2011; 68:2086-94. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05898.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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84
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Norup A, Kristensen KS, Siert L, Poulsen I, Mortensen EL. Neuropsychological support to relatives of patients with severe traumatic brain injury in the sub-acute phase. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2011; 21:306-21. [PMID: 21452099 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2011.558766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have reported emotional distress in relatives of patients with brain injury, but few studies have investigated neuropsychological interventions for relatives. The present study assessed the amount of neuropsychological support as well as the actual number of sessions with a neuropsychologist during rehabilitation in a sub-acute unit. The study also examined whether the amount of support was related to the condition of the patient or the relative at admission. The sample consisted of 26 patients and their closest relative, and measures included demographic variables as well as characteristics related to the patient: Glasgow Coma Scale, Injury Severity Score, Early Functional Abilities, Functional Independence Measure, Rancho Los Amigos; and to the relative: symptoms of anxiety and depression (SCL-90-R), quality of life (SF-36) and amount and number of sessions of neuropsychological support. On average, the relatives received about 18 units of 15 minutes and had six sessions with a neuropsychologist during hospitalisation. A total of 38% participated in group sessions. Relatives' symptoms of anxiety at admission were associated with the number of sessions as well as the amount of support, indicating that relatives with more symptoms of anxiety received more support during the hospitalisation.
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Brødsgaard A, Wagner L, Peitersen B, Poulsen I, Sørensen TIA. Child overweight--mothers' competence to take action. Obes Facts 2011; 4:305-11. [PMID: 21921654 PMCID: PMC6444469 DOI: 10.1159/000331013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated mothers' possession and display of action competence to counteract or prevent overweight and eventual obesity in their children. Action competence is defined as a personal resource where the most important aspect is the individual's wish to take action and to believe in its benefit. It unfolds within the room for action as experienced by the individual due to action obstacles and action potentials. METHODS In a case-control study, mothers of 111 overweight children (MOC) were compared with mothers of 149 non-overweight children (MNC). They underwent a semistructured interview about action competence, lifestyle, and their 7- to 9-year-old children. RESULTS Compared to MNC, MOC considered it more important to change habits, both for themselves (p = 0.003) and their children (p < 0.001). MOC were more motivated to change habits (p < 0.001), assessed their action competence to be higher (p < 0.001), and felt to a greater extent that they supported their children to achieve an appropriate weight (p < 0.001) compared with MNC. No difference was found between MOC and MNC in the assessment of their own room for action and their children's room for action. CONCLUSION Self-assessed room for action was not limited for either MOC or MNC, and MOC even assessed their action competence to be greater.
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Brødsgaard A, Wagner L, Peitersen B, Poulsen I, Sørensen TIA. Maternal and child awareness and expectations of child overweight. Obes Facts 2011; 4:297-304. [PMID: 21921653 PMCID: PMC6444686 DOI: 10.1159/000331012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated mothers' and children's assessments of body weight and their expectations about perceived body size in relation to overweight of the children. METHODS We performed a case-control study of 111 cases of overweight children and 149 controls of non-overweight children (mean age 8.1 years) and their mothers. All were examined and interviewed about their assessment of body weight and their perception of a normal, attractive and acceptable body size. RESULTS Case children were less able than control children to correctly assess their own body weight (p < 0.001), as were mothers of overweight children (MOC) to assess their children's body weight (p < 0.001). The majority of mothers from both groups wished their children to have a normal body size, but 18% of MOC wished their children to have an overweight body size (p < 0.013). The majority of case children, control children and mothers found a normal body size for boys and girls to be the most attractive and socially acceptable, but more MOC found overweight among boys to be the most attractive (p = 0.006). CONCLUSION Overweight children and their mothers show increased uncertainty in the assessment of overweight and obesity, but the perception of a normal, attractive and socially acceptable body size is not distorted.
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Holm S, Schönberger M, Poulsen I, Caetano C. Patients' and relatives' experience of difficulties following severe traumatic brain injury: The sub-acute stage. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2009; 19:444-60. [DOI: 10.1080/09602010802296402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lindhardt T, Hallberg IR, Poulsen I. Nurses’ experience of collaboration with relatives of frail elderly patients in acute hospital wards: A qualitative study. Int J Nurs Stud 2008; 45:668-81. [PMID: 17362957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2007.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2006] [Revised: 01/18/2007] [Accepted: 01/21/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frail elderly people admitted to hospital often receive help from relatives in managing their daily lives. These relatives are likely to continue to feel responsible after admission, and to hold valuable knowledge, which may contribute to decision-making related to care and treatment. OBJECTIVE To illuminate nurses' experience of collaboration with relatives of frail elderly patients in acute hospital wards, and of the barriers and promoters for collaboration. DESIGN AND SETTING The design was descriptive. Three acute units in a large Danish university hospital participated. PARTICIPANTS Six registered nurses and two auxiliary nurses in charge of discharge planning for the patients were included. METHOD Open interviews using an interview guide. Manifest and latent content analysis was applied. RESULT The main theme Encountering relatives-to be caught between ideals and practice reflected the nurses' two sets of conflicting attitudes towards collaboration with relatives, one in accordance with professional nursing values, the other reflecting the values of every day practice. The dual attitudes were reflected in two themes The coincidental encounter-the collaboration and Relatives-a demanding resource, which appeared in the text along with a number of sub-themes. Ideally, collaboration was considered important and described as a planned process, but in practice encounters with relatives were coincidental. Relatives were ideally considered a resource but also experienced as demanding, and nurses sometimes even avoided them. The nurses seemed unaware of the conflict of values, and their response pattern of escape-avoidance and labelling of relatives as difficult may be an indication of counter transference as a reaction to moral conflict. Macro level factors, such as organisational and societal values, and micro level factors, such as organisation of care, nurse's competence and communication skills, seemingly governed nurses' collaboration with relatives. CONCLUSION Although the nurses could be seen as mere victims of conflicting values, there appeared to be potential for improving collaboration practice within the restrictions of macro level factors by interventions at the micro level.
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Poulsen I, Hallberg IR, Petersen HV, Schroll M. Response to Letter to the editor by Frode Slinde and Ulla Svantesson. Food Nutr Res 2007. [DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v51i2.1617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Maribo T, Lauritsen JM, Waehrens E, Poulsen I, Hesselbo B. [Barthel Index for evaluation of function: a Danish consensus on its use]. Ugeskr Laeger 2006; 168:2790-2. [PMID: 16942697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The Barthel Index is widely used in the evaluation of function. In Denmark at least three versions are used without a consensus of their specific formulation. The term ''Modified Barthel Index'' is used for several versions. A Barthel Index score without version has no meaning since a maximum score in one version indicates very poor function in another. This paper describes the proper usage of the Barthel Index and suggests the terminology ''Barthel-20'' and ''Barthel-100'' for the recommended versions published by Collin et al and Shah et al. The number after ''Barthel-'' indicates the maximum score.
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Costa JC, Hesselbo B, Poulsen I, Nørregard JC, Schroll M, Kirchhoff M. [The significance of cataract surgery and balance function of the elderly]. Ugeskr Laeger 2006; 168:1124-8. [PMID: 16545218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Injuries and other consequences of falls are serious for the individual patient and costly for society. Reduced acuity of vision is common among elderly people, and falls are frequent. The relationship between instability and falls as well as the association between reduced vision and falls has been recognized, but it has not as yet been examined whether cataract surgery improves balance in elderly people and thereby promotes fall prevention.
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Poulsen I, Rahm Hallberg I, Schroll M. Nutritional status and associated factors on geriatric admission. J Nutr Health Aging 2006; 10:84-90. [PMID: 16554938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The proportion of elderly patients who are undernourished is high and undernutrition has serious health implications. No consensus exists regarding nutritional screening measurements suitable for elderly patients. There is a need to identify risk factors for undernutrition in elderly patients to enable prevention and treatment. AIM To identify clinically identifiable risk factors for undernutrition in geriatric patients on admission. METHODS Newly admitted patients (n=196, mean age 83.7 years) were examined for nutritional risk factors by the nursing staff. Analyses of variance and multiple regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for undernutrition. RESULTS Undernutrition was present in 41% of the patients using a Body Mass Index cut-off < 22 (kg/m2) as definition of undernutrition. Poor appetite, oral cavity problems, constipation and nausea or vomiting were frequent problems; the patients also used a high number of medical preparations, including preparations that induced nausea. No help with cooking before admission, poor appetite, oral cavity problems and high age were all significantly associated with undernutrition. CONCLUSION To improve nursing care and to prevent undernutrition, it is recommended to routinely examine the patient's mouth and teeth on admission and to assess patients not only for their physical condition (appetite, oral health and nutritional status), but also for their living conditions e.g. help with cooking.
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Giersing U, Poulsen I. [Psychological aspects of nutritional therapy]. Ugeskr Laeger 2001; 163:3235-6. [PMID: 11421194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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Poulsen I, Rosendal M. [Lacking involvement]. SYGEPLEJERSKEN 1993; 93:21. [PMID: 8211744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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95
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Poulsen I. [Nurses and indwelling catheters]. Ugeskr Laeger 1991; 153:2243-4. [PMID: 1882480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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