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Danti S, Anand S, Azimi B, Milazzo M, Fusco A, Ricci C, Zavagna L, Linari S, Donnarumma G, Lazzeri A, Moroni L, Mota C, Berrettini S. Chitin Nanofibril Application in Tympanic Membrane Scaffolds to Modulate Inflammatory and Immune Response. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091440. [PMID: 34575515 PMCID: PMC8468799 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin nanofibrils (CNs) are an emerging bio-based nanomaterial. Due to nanometric size and high crystallinity, CNs lose the allergenic features of chitin and interestingly acquire anti-inflammatory activity. Here we investigate the possible advantageous use of CNs in tympanic membrane (TM) scaffolds, as they are usually implanted inside highly inflamed tissue environment due to underlying infectious pathologies. In this study, the applications of CNs in TM scaffolds were twofold. A nanocomposite was used, consisting of poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEOT/PBT) copolymer loaded with CN/polyethylene glycol (PEG) pre-composite at 50/50 (w/w %) weight ratio, and electrospun into fiber scaffolds, which were coated by CNs from crustacean or fungal sources via electrospray. The degradation behavior of the scaffolds was investigated during 4 months at 37 °C in an otitis-simulating fluid. In vitro tests were performed using cell types to mimic the eardrum, i.e., human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) for connective, and human dermal keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) for epithelial tissues. HMSCs were able to colonize the scaffolds and produce collagen type I. The inflammatory response of HaCaT cells in contact with the CN-coated scaffolds was investigated, revealing a marked downregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines. CN-coated PEOT/PBT/(CN/PEG 50:50) scaffolds showed a significant indirect antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Danti
- Interuniversity National Consortiums of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy; (B.A.); (M.M.); (A.F.); (C.R.); (L.Z.); (G.D.); (A.L.); (S.B.)
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Shivesh Anand
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Bahareh Azimi
- Interuniversity National Consortiums of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy; (B.A.); (M.M.); (A.F.); (C.R.); (L.Z.); (G.D.); (A.L.); (S.B.)
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Mario Milazzo
- Interuniversity National Consortiums of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy; (B.A.); (M.M.); (A.F.); (C.R.); (L.Z.); (G.D.); (A.L.); (S.B.)
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fusco
- Interuniversity National Consortiums of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy; (B.A.); (M.M.); (A.F.); (C.R.); (L.Z.); (G.D.); (A.L.); (S.B.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Ricci
- Interuniversity National Consortiums of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy; (B.A.); (M.M.); (A.F.); (C.R.); (L.Z.); (G.D.); (A.L.); (S.B.)
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Emergency Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zavagna
- Interuniversity National Consortiums of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy; (B.A.); (M.M.); (A.F.); (C.R.); (L.Z.); (G.D.); (A.L.); (S.B.)
- Linari Engineering s.r.l., 56121 Pisa, Italy;
| | | | - Giovanna Donnarumma
- Interuniversity National Consortiums of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy; (B.A.); (M.M.); (A.F.); (C.R.); (L.Z.); (G.D.); (A.L.); (S.B.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Lazzeri
- Interuniversity National Consortiums of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy; (B.A.); (M.M.); (A.F.); (C.R.); (L.Z.); (G.D.); (A.L.); (S.B.)
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.A.); (L.M.)
| | - Carlos Mota
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.A.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Stefano Berrettini
- Interuniversity National Consortiums of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM), 50121 Firenze, Italy; (B.A.); (M.M.); (A.F.); (C.R.); (L.Z.); (G.D.); (A.L.); (S.B.)
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Emergency Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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102
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Surayot U, Wangtueai S, You S, Palanisamy S, Krusong W, Brennan CS, Barba FJ, Phimolsiripol Y, Seesuriyachan P. Extraction, Structural Characterisation, and Immunomodulatory Properties of Edible Amanitahemibapha subspecies javanica (Corner and Bas) Mucilage Polysaccharide as a Potential of Functional Food. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:683. [PMID: 34575721 PMCID: PMC8468940 DOI: 10.3390/jof7090683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to extract mucilage polysaccharides (MP) from Amanita hemibapha subspecies javanica (Corner and Bas), and further fractionate them using anion-exchange chromatography, yielding two fractions (MPF1 and MPF2). The crude extract, and fractions mainly consisted of carbohydrates (83.5-93.2%) with minor amounts of proteins (5.40-7.20%), and sulphates (1.40-9.30%). Determination of the monosaccharide composition revealed that glucose was the major unit, followed by galactose, mannose, rhamnose, and arabinose. The average molecular weight (MW) of the crude extract and fractions was in the range 104.0-479.4 × 103 g/mol. Interestingly, the crude extract, and fractions did not cause any toxic effect in RAW264.7 cells. However, they stimulated the RAW264.7 cells to release nitric oxide and cytokines through the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways via cell surface TLR4. Structural analysis of the most immunestimulating extract fraction, MPF2, revealed that the main backbone consisted of α-D-(1→6)-glucopyranoside. These results suggest that the MPs derived from A. hemibapha subspecies javanica (Corner and Bas) are potent in enhancing immunity; hence, they can be used as a functional ingredient in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utoomporn Surayot
- College of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiang Mai University, Samut Sakhon 74000, Thailand; (U.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Sutee Wangtueai
- College of Maritime Studies and Management, Chiang Mai University, Samut Sakhon 74000, Thailand; (U.S.); (S.W.)
| | - SangGuan You
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangwon 210-702, Korea; (S.Y.); (S.P.)
- East Coast Life Sciences Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangwon 210-720, Korea
| | - Subramanian Palanisamy
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangwon 210-702, Korea; (S.Y.); (S.P.)
- East Coast Life Sciences Institute, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangwon 210-720, Korea
| | - Warawut Krusong
- Division of Fermentation Technology, Faculty of Food Industry, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand;
| | - Charles S. Brennan
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia;
| | - Francisco J. Barba
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain;
| | - Yuthana Phimolsiripol
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Phisit Seesuriyachan
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
- Cluster of Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Advanced Manufacturing and Management Technology Research Center (AM2Tech), Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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103
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Gomez J, Sharma K, Huho A, Gregory N. A case of shiitake dermatitis in the United States. Oxf Med Case Reports 2021; 2021:omab071. [PMID: 34408892 PMCID: PMC8366069 DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omab071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A 65-year-old male presented to our dermatology clinic with a two-day intensely pruritic rash covering his back. The lesions were predominantly on his chest, upper extremity, and back. He denied any prior history of similar rashes and his past medical history was non-contributory. A detailed exposure history revealed the patient had eaten Shiitake mushrooms for dinner 48 hours previously. Physical examination showed a truncal dominant rash. Close-up examination confirmed the papulovesicular nature of the rash with multiple small vesicles grouped both along the breadth and length of each linear streak on an erythematous background. Biopsies showed spongiosis with micro-vesiculation. Blood work showed a nominal CBC and CRP/ESR and serum IgE. The patient was put on topical steroid and the rash resolved in one week. With increasing mushroom consumption [1], cognizance of this etiology avoids a diagnostic ‘odyssey’ and prevents recurrence of this very characteristic rash.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Gomez
- Upstate Dermatology; Clinical and MOH's services, 1547 Columbia Turnpike, Castleton on Hudson, NY 12033, USA
| | - Krishna Sharma
- Georgetown University, Class of 2024, 3700 O St NW, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Albert Huho
- Upstate Dermatology; Clinical and MOH's services, 1547 Columbia Turnpike, Castleton on Hudson, NY 12033, USA
| | - Neal Gregory
- Upstate Dermatology; Clinical and MOH's services, 1547 Columbia Turnpike, Castleton on Hudson, NY 12033, USA
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104
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Mitra S, Veerana M, Choi EH, Park G. Effects of Pre-Treatment Using Plasma on the Antibacterial Activity of Mushroom Surfaces. Foods 2021; 10:1888. [PMID: 34441665 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma is an efficient tool for preventing post-harvest microbial contamination, many studies have focused on the post-treatment of infected or contaminated foods. In this study, we examined the antimicrobial quality of mushrooms pre-treated with a non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet (NTAPPJ) or plasma-treated water (PTW). The CFU (Colony Forming Unit) number of Escherichia coli inoculated on surfaces of mushrooms pre-treated with NTAPPJ or PTW was significantly reduced (about 60-75% for NTAPPJ and about 35-85% for PTW), and the reduction rate was proportional to the treatment time. Bacterial attachment and viability of the attached bacteria were decreased on NTAPPJ-treated mushroom surfaces. This may be caused by the increased hydrophilicity and oxidizing capacity observed on NTAPPJ-treated mushroom surfaces. In PTW-treated mushrooms, bacterial attachment was not significantly changed, but death and lipid peroxidation of the attached bacteria were significantly increased. Analysis of mushroom quality showed that loss of water content was greater in mushrooms treated with NTAPPJ compared to that in those with no treatment (control) and PTW treatment during storage. Our results suggest that pre-treatment with NTAPPJ or PTW can improve the antibacterial quality of mushroom surfaces by decreasing bacterial attachment (for NTAPPJ) and increasing bacterial lipid peroxidation (for both NTAPPJ and PTW).
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105
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Kim DW, Lee WJ, Gebru YA, Upadhyaya J, Ko SR, Kim YH, Kim MK. Production of Minor Ginsenosides C-K and C-Y from Naturally Occurring Major Ginsenosides Using Crude β-Glucosidase Preparation from Submerged Culture of Fomitella fraxinea. Molecules 2021; 26:4820. [PMID: 34443407 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Minor ginsenosides, such as compounds (C)-K and C-Y, possess relatively better bioactivity than those of naturally occurring major ginsenosides. Therefore, this study focused on the biotransformation of major ginsenosides into minor ginsenosides using crude β-glucosidase preparation isolated from submerged liquid culture of Fomitella fraxinea (FFEP). FFEP was prepared by ammonium sulfate (30–80%) precipitation from submerged culture of F. fraxinea. FFEP was used to prepare minor ginsenosides from protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenoside (PPDG-F) or total ginsenoside fraction (TG-F). In addition, biotransformation of major ginsenosides into minor ginsenosides as affected by reaction time and pH were investigated by TLC and HPLC analyses, and the metabolites were also identified by UPLC/negative-ESI-Q-TOF-MS analysis. FFEP biotransformed ginsenosides Rb1 and Rc into C-K via the following pathways: Rd → F2 → C-K for Rb1 and both Rd → F2→ C-K and C-Mc1 → C-Mc → C-K for Rc, respectively, while C-Y is formed from Rb2 via C-O. FFEP can be applied to produce minor ginsenosides C-K and C-Y from PPDG-F or TG-F. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report the production of C-K and C-Y from major ginsenosides by basidiomycete F. fraxinea.
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106
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Krah F, Hess J, Hennicke F, Kar R, Bässler C. Transcriptional response of mushrooms to artificial sun exposure. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:10538-10546. [PMID: 34367595 PMCID: PMC8328440 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change causes increased tree mortality leading to canopy loss and thus sun-exposed forest floors. Sun exposure creates extreme temperatures and radiation, with potentially more drastic effects on forest organisms than the current increase in mean temperature. Such conditions might potentially negatively affect the maturation of mushrooms of forest fungi. A failure of reaching maturation would mean no sexual spore release and, thus, entail a loss of genetic diversity. However, we currently have a limited understanding of the quality and quantity of mushroom-specific molecular responses caused by sun exposure. Thus, to understand the short-term responses toward enhanced sun exposure, we exposed mushrooms of the wood-inhabiting forest species Lentinula edodes, while still attached to their mycelium and substrate, to artificial solar light (ca. 30°C and 100,000 lux) for 5, 30, and 60 min. We found significant differentially expressed genes at 30 and 60 min. Eukaryotic Orthologous Groups (KOG) class enrichment pointed to defense mechanisms. The 20 most significant differentially expressed genes showed the expression of heat-shock proteins, an important family of proteins under heat stress. Although preliminary, our results suggest mushroom-specific molecular responses to tolerate enhanced sun exposure as expected under climate change. Whether mushroom-specific molecular responses are able to maintain fungal fitness under opening forest canopies remains to be tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz‐Sebastian Krah
- Conservation BiologyInstitute for Ecology, Evolution and DiversityFaculty of Biological SciencesGoethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Jaqueline Hess
- Department of Soil EcologyUFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Florian Hennicke
- Conservation BiologyInstitute for Ecology, Evolution and DiversityFaculty of Biological SciencesGoethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
- Project Group Genetics and Genomics of FungiChair Evolution of Plants and FungiRuhr‐University Bochum (RUB)BochumGermany
| | - Ritwika Kar
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, Developmental GeneticsUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Claus Bässler
- Conservation BiologyInstitute for Ecology, Evolution and DiversityFaculty of Biological SciencesGoethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt am MainGermany
- Bavarian Forest National ParkGrafenauGermany
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107
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Hossain MS, Barua A, Tanim MAH, Hasan MS, Islam MJ, Hossain MR, Emon NU, Hossen SMM. Ganoderma applanatum mushroom provides new insights into the management of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and hepatic degeneration: A comprehensive analysis. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:4364-4374. [PMID: 34401085 PMCID: PMC8358375 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and hepatoprotective effects of methanol and aqueous extracts of Ganoderma applanatum (MEGA, AEGA) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The antidiabetic study was implemented by the induction of alloxan to the rats. The analysis of the hypolipidemic and liver-protective effects of fungus extracts was studied by estimating the lipid profile and the liver marker enzymes. Besides, in silico screening of the compounds of Ganoderma applanatum has been incorporated thus to check the binding affinity of compounds and enzymes affinity. The Discovery Studio 2020, UCSF Chimera, and PyRx AutoDock Vina have been used to implement the docking analysis. Nine days of oral feeding of MEGA and AEGA of Ganoderma applanatum resulted in a significant (p < .001) reduction in blood glucose, lipid profile, and liver marker enzymes. Besides, Myrocin C scored the highest score in the docking study. The biological and computational approaches suggested the MEGA and AEGA could be a potential source for antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and hepatoprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anik Barua
- Department of Biochemistry and BiotechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology ChittagongChattogramBangladesh
| | | | - Mohammad Sharif Hasan
- Department of PharmacyFaculty of Biological ScienceUniversity of ChittagongChattogramBangladesh
| | - Mohammad Jahedul Islam
- Department of PharmacyFaculty of Biological ScienceUniversity of ChittagongChattogramBangladesh
| | - Md. Rabiul Hossain
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of Science and Technology ChittagongChattogramBangladesh
| | - Nazim Uddin Emon
- Department of PharmacyFaculty of Science and EngineeringInternational Islamic University ChittagongChattogramBangladesh
| | - S M Moazzem Hossen
- Department of PharmacyFaculty of Biological ScienceUniversity of ChittagongChattogramBangladesh
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108
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Yasuma T, Toda M, Kobori H, Tada N, D’Alessandro-Gabazza CN, Gabazza EC. Subcritical Water Extracts from Agaricus blazei Murrill's Mycelium Inhibit the Expression of Immune Checkpoint Molecules and Axl Receptor. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7080590. [PMID: 34436128 PMCID: PMC8397183 DOI: 10.3390/jof7080590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Agaricus blazei Murrill or Himematsutake is an edible and medicinal mushroom. Agaricus blazei Murrill’s fruiting body extracts have anticancer properties, although the mechanism is unknown. Basic or organic solvents, which are hazardous for human health, are generally used to prepare Agaricus blazei Murrill’s extracts. The inhibition of immune checkpoint molecules and Axl receptor is an effective therapy in cancer. This study assessed whether subcritical water extracts of the Agaricus blazei Murrill’s fruiting body or mycelium affect the expression of Axl and immune checkpoint molecules in lung cancer cells. We used A549 cells and mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells in the experiments. We prepared subcritical water extracts from the Agaricus blazei Murrill’s fruiting body or mycelium. The subcritical water extracts from the Agaricus blazei Murrill’s fruiting body or mycelium significantly inhibited the expression of immune checkpoint molecules and Axl compared to saline-treated cells. Additionally, the hot water extract, subcritical water extract, and the hot water extraction residue subcritical water extract from the Agaricus blazei Murrill’s mycelium significantly enhanced the expression of maturation markers in dendritic cells. These observations suggest that the subcritical water extract from Agaricus blazei Murrill’s mycelium is a promising therapeutic tool for stimulating the immune response in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Yasuma
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Mie, Japan; (T.Y.); (M.T.); (C.N.D.-G.)
| | - Masaaki Toda
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Mie, Japan; (T.Y.); (M.T.); (C.N.D.-G.)
| | - Hajime Kobori
- Iwade Research Institute of Mycology Co., Ltd., Tsu 514-0012, Mie, Japan; (H.K.); (N.T.)
| | - Naoto Tada
- Iwade Research Institute of Mycology Co., Ltd., Tsu 514-0012, Mie, Japan; (H.K.); (N.T.)
| | - Corina N. D’Alessandro-Gabazza
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Mie, Japan; (T.Y.); (M.T.); (C.N.D.-G.)
| | - Esteban C. Gabazza
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Mie, Japan; (T.Y.); (M.T.); (C.N.D.-G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-59-231-5037
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Abstract
Marasmius oreades is a basidiomycete fungus that grows in so called "fairy rings," which are circular, underground mycelia common in lawns across temperate areas of the world. Fairy rings can be thought of as natural, long-term evolutionary experiments. As each ring has a common origin and expands radially outwards over many years, different sectors will independently accumulate mutations during growth. The genotype can be followed to the next generation, as mushrooms producing the sexual spores are formed seasonally at the edge of the ring. Here, we present new genomic data from 95 single-spore isolates of the species, which we used to construct a genetic linkage map and an updated version of the genome assembly. The 44-Mb assembly was anchored to 11 linkage groups, producing chromosome-length scaffolds. Gene annotation revealed 13,891 genes, 55% of which contained a pfam domain. The repetitive fraction of the genome was 22%, and dominated by retrotransposons and DNA elements of the KDZ and Plavaka groups. The level of assembly contiguity we present is so far rare in mushroom-forming fungi, and we expect studies of genomics, transposons, phylogenetics, and evolution to be facilitated by the data we present here of the iconic fairy-ring mushroom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Hiltunen
- Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Sweden
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110
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Yamaguchi Y, Hirata Y, Saito T, Kumagai H. Combined Effects of Amino Acids in Garlic and Buna-Shimeji ( Hypsizygus marmoreus) on Suppression of CCl 4-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071491. [PMID: 34199038 PMCID: PMC8306630 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of the garlic-derived amino acid, S-allyl-l-cysteine sulfoxide (ACSO), and ornithine or arginine on CCl4-induced hepatic injury was examined. After investigating the effectiveness of the mixture of ACSO and ornithine or arginine in preventing hepatic injury in vivo, an extract rich in ACSO and ornithine was prepared by converting arginine in garlic to ornithine by arginase from Hypsizygus marmoreus (buna-shimeji), after screening the productivity of ornithine among 12 kinds of mushrooms. Co-administration of ACSO with ornithine or arginine suppressed the increase in aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, and the decrease in glutathione S-transferase and cytochrome p450 2E1 activities after CCl4 injection more effectively than a single administration of ACSO. All extracts prepared from garlic and buna-shimeji with low and high contents of ACSO and arginine or ornithine significantly suppressed CCl4-induced hepatic injury in rats. Considering that ACSO is tasteless, odourless, and enhances taste, and ornithine has a flat or sweet taste and masks bitterness, the extract rich in ACSO and ornithine from garlic and buna-shimeji could be considered a potential antioxidant food material that can be added to many kinds of food to prevent hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi 252-0880, Japan; (Y.Y.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yushi Hirata
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi 252-0880, Japan; (Y.Y.); (Y.H.)
| | - Takeshi Saito
- ACERA Co., Ltd., 156 Nishitakahashi-machi, Kofu-shi 400-0826, Japan;
| | - Hitomi Kumagai
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa-shi 252-0880, Japan; (Y.Y.); (Y.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-466-3946
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111
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Aoki S, Aboshi T, Onodera T, Kimura KI, Arai D, Iizuka Y, Murayama T. Omphaloprenol A: a new bioactive polyisoprenepolyol isolated from the mycelium of poisonous mushroom Omphalotus japonicus. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:1364-1370. [PMID: 33851984 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Mushrooms of the Omphalotus genus are known to be rich in secondary metabolites. In the quest for new bioactive compounds, we analyzed the compounds isolated from the mycelium of the poisonous mushroom Omphalotus japonicus. As a result, a new polyisoprenepolyol, which was named omphaloprenol A, was identified, along with known substances such as hypsiziprenol A10 and A11, illudin S, and ergosterol. The chemical structure of omphaloprenol A was elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopies and mass spectrometry, and its bioactivity was investigated. Omphaloprenol A showed growth promoting activity against the root of lettuce seeds and cytotoxicity against HL60 cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the isolation of a polyisoprenepolyol compound from Omphalotaceae mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoki Aoki
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Takako Aboshi
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Takumu Onodera
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Graduate Course in Biological Chemistry and Food Science, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Kimura
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Graduate Course in Biological Chemistry and Food Science, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
| | - Daisuke Arai
- Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Iizuka
- Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Murayama
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
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112
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Zhou GF, Yang L, Zhang SH, Wang Y, Yang Y, Xu R, Zhao X, Nie D, Shan J, Cui CB, Li CW. Surfactin isoforms isolated from a mushroom derived Bacillus halotolerans DMG-7-2. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:5222-5227. [PMID: 33977824 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1926457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A new iso-C14 [Val2, Val7] surfactin isoform (1) together with eight known ones (2-9), was isolated from the culture of a mushroom derived bacterium, Bacillus halotolerans DMG-7-2. The structures of them were mainly elucidated by NMR and MS data, and the NMR data of 5 also was reported for the first time. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by Marfey's analysis (for amino acid residues) and the 13C NMR calculation of the two plausible epimers of 1 (for fatty acid). Compounds 1-9 showed moderate cytotoxicity against two human cancer cell lines (A549, MCF-7) and mice microglial BV2 cells, the IC50 values ranged from 8.91 to 33.00 µM, and the IC50 values of the positive control 5-FU were 99.94, 71.49 and 0.12 µM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Feng Zhou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Bin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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113
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Kangale LJ, Levasseur A, Raoult D, Ghigo E, Fournier PE. Draft genome of Metabacillus niabensis strain 4T19 T isolated from cotton-waste composts for mushroom cultivation. New Microbes New Infect 2021; 42:100894. [PMID: 34150213 PMCID: PMC8192859 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2021.100894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we present the draft genome sequence of Metabacillus niabensis strain 4T19T (= CSUR Q2603 T = DSM 17723 = JCM 16399 = KACC 11279), that is a new Metabacillus species isolated from cotton-waste composts. The genome sequence from Metabacillus niabensis strain 4T19T was assembled into 462 contigs for a total size of 4,987,608 bp with a G + C content of 35.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Kangale
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée-Infection, Marseille, France
| | - A Levasseur
- IHU-Méditerranée-Infection, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
| | - D Raoult
- IHU-Méditerranée-Infection, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.,Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - E Ghigo
- IHU-Méditerranée-Infection, Marseille, France.,Techno-Jouvence, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - P-E Fournier
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France.,IHU-Méditerranée-Infection, Marseille, France
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114
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Coles PS, Mazin M, Nogin G. The Association Between Mushroom Sciarid Flies, Cultural Techniques, and Green Mold Disease Incidence on Commercial Mushroom Farms. J Econ Entomol 2021; 114:555-559. [PMID: 33511397 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many growers on mushroom farms producing white and brown varieties of Agaricus bisporus have noticed a potential association between sciarid fly (Lycoriella ingenua) pest populations and green mold (Trichoderma aggressivum) disease expression, and suspect that in addition to other preventative measures, controlling flies may be important to controlling green mold spread. In this study, we examined the association between L. ingenua populations and green mold disease incidence in commercial mushroom farms. In addition, we studied how relevant variables related to farming practices and farm characteristics may affect fly and disease incidence. Our data show that L. ingenua and green mold incidence are associated and that preventative measures such as sanitation and new technologies to reduce human-substrate contact are correlated with reduced green mold incidence. In addition, data indicated farm characteristics such as the proximity to neighboring farms as well as an organic mushroom growing regime are associated with fly incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip S Coles
- College of Business, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA
- Division of Engineering, Business and Computing, Berks College, The Pennsylvania State University, Tulpehocken Road, Reading, PA
| | | | - Galina Nogin
- Department of Statistical Science, Cornell University, Malott Hall, Ithaca, NY
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115
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Hu L, Bi J, Jin X, Qiu Y, Sman RGMV. Study on the Rehydration Quality Improvement of shiitake Mushroom by Combined Drying Methods. Foods 2021; 10:769. [PMID: 33916865 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of study is to improve the rehydration quality of dried shiitake mushrooms for their instant food manufacturers and fast restaurants. Serial combined drying methods were investigated to achieve this objective: either instant controlled pressure drop drying (DIC) or freeze drying (FD) was used as the treatments for microstructure improvement, and they were applied either before or after an additional drying step at low (35 °C) or high (65 °C) temperatures. Dried mushrooms were assessed for quality indicators like relative volume, rehydration rate, dry matter loss and sensory scores. Microstructure properties were inferred to understand the physical mechanisms of quality changes. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to cluster treatments and to identify combinations of drying techniques, rendering improved quality. Consequently, it was shown that DIC treatment before hot air drying at 35 °C was shown to be the most promising combined drying method to enhance the rehydration quality, leading to a high volume recovery ratio, low dry matter loss after rehydration, and high rehydration rates. This good performance could be explained by the retention of pore interconnectivity resulting from the slight expansion of porous structure during DIC and the retention of cell membrane integrity.
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116
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Viceconte FR, Diaz ML, Soresi DS, Lencinas IB, Carrera A, Prat MI, Gurovic MSV. Ganoderma sessile is a fast polysaccharide producer among Ganoderma species. Mycologia 2021; 113:513-524. [PMID: 33764859 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2020.1870255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The selection of fast-growing and high-yield-producing strains is required to satisfy the market demand on fungal food supplements. To that aim, three strains deposited in our collection as G. lucidum and G. oregonense were screened for polysaccharide production and biomass yield. Ganoderma strains deposited as G. lucidum were identified as G. sessile and G. lingzhi by nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) and translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) phylogenies. The identity of G. oregonense was confirmed by molecular phylogeny and biogeography. Additionally, mycelial antagonism confirmed species differentiation, and strains were further distinguished by morphology and protein profiles. Biomass and polysaccharide yields of G. sessile were clearly different from those of G. lingzhi and G. oregonense in both liquid culture and solid-state fermentation. The maximum polysaccharide yield (4.52 ± 0.83 g L-1) for G. sessile was obtained from submerged cultures at day 9. G. sessile also achieved the highest linear growth in lignocellulosic solid substrates. Consequently, basidiomata were successfully obtained by solid-state fermentation in polypropylene bags, whereas G. lingzhi and G. oregonense mushrooms were not produced in artificial solid substrates. G. sessile, a species frequently collected in America, showed to be a promising polysaccharide producer for the manufacture of dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima R Viceconte
- Centro de Recursos Renovables de la Zona Semiárida (CERZOS), Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET, Camino La Carrindanga Km7, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina L Diaz
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Calle 526, 1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela S Soresi
- Centro de Recursos Renovables de la Zona Semiárida (CERZOS), Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET, Camino La Carrindanga Km7, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ileana B Lencinas
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR), Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET, San Juan 670, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Carrera
- Centro de Recursos Renovables de la Zona Semiárida (CERZOS), Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET, Camino La Carrindanga Km7, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Andrés 612, B8001 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - María Inés Prat
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR), Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET, San Juan 670, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Soledad Vela Gurovic
- Centro de Recursos Renovables de la Zona Semiárida (CERZOS), Universidad Nacional del Sur-CONICET, Camino La Carrindanga Km7, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, B8000 Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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117
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Ba DM, Ssentongo P, Beelman RB, Muscat J, Gao X, Richie JP. Higher Mushroom Consumption Is Associated with Lower Risk of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1691-1704. [PMID: 33724299 PMCID: PMC8483951 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms are rich in bioactive compounds. The potential health benefits associated with mushroom intake have gained recent research attention. We thus conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between mushroom intake and risk of cancer at any site. We searched MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library to identify relevant studies on mushroom intake and cancer published from 1 January, 1966, up to 31 October, 2020. Observational studies (n = 17) with RRs, HRs, or ORs and 95% CIs of cancer risk for ≥2 categories of mushroom intake were eligible for the present study. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted. Higher mushroom consumption was associated with lower risk of total cancer (pooled RR for the highest compared with the lowest consumption groups: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.78; n = 17). Higher mushroom consumption was also associated with lower risk of breast cancer (pooled RR for the highest compared with the lowest consumption groups: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.81; n = 10) and nonbreast cancer (pooled RR for the highest compared with the lowest consumption groups: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.66, 0.97; n = 13). When site-specific cancers were examined, a significant association with mushroom consumption was only observed with breast cancer; this could be due to the small number of studies that were conducted with other cancers. There was evidence of a significant nonlinear dose-response association between mushroom consumption and the risk of total cancer (P-nonlinearity = 0.001; n = 7). Limitations included the potential for recall and selection bias in case-control designs, which comprised 11 out of the 17 studies included in this meta-analysis, and the large variation in the adjustment factors used in the final models from each study. The association between higher mushroom consumption and lower risk of cancer, particularly breast cancer, may indicate a potential protective role for mushrooms in the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djibril M Ba
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Paddy Ssentongo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Robert B Beelman
- Center for Plant and Mushroom Foods for Health, Department of Food Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Joshua Muscat
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
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118
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Zhang SH, Yang J, Ma H, Yang Y, Zhou GF, Zhao X, Xu R, Nie D, Zhang GG, Shan JJ, Cui CB, Li CW. Longibramides A-E, Peptaibols Isolated from a Mushroom Derived Fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum Rifai DMG-3-1-1. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100128. [PMID: 33709565 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Five new peptaibols, longibramides A-E (1-5) with 11 amino acid residues, were isolated from a fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum Rifai DMG-3-1-1, which was isolated from a mushroom Clitocybe nebularis (Batsch) P. Kumm collected from coniferous forest in the subboreal area of northeast China. The structures of longibramides A-E were determined by their spectroscopic data (NMR and MS-MS spectra), their absolute configurations were determined by X-ray diffractions and Marfey's analyses. The X-ray diffractions of longibramides A, B, and the similar CD spectra of A-E showed that they all had α-helix conformations. Longibramides B and E showed moderate cytotoxicities against BV2 and MCF-7 cells and also showed some inhibitory effects against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA T144. L-trans-Hyp was not commonly found in natural peptaibols, which was the 6th or 10th amino acid residue in longibramides C-E. The X-ray diffractions of longibramides A and B afforded the accuracy conformations of their secondary structures, which maybe help to interpret the structure-activity relationships of the family of peptaibols in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hua Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Jiewei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Hao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Xue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Rui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Dan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Gang Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Bin Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, P. R. China
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119
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Llauradó Maury G, Morris-Quevedo HJ, Heykers A, Lanckacker E, Cappoen D, Delputte P, Vanden Berghe W, Salgueiro Z, Cos P. Differential Induction Pattern Towards Classically Activated Macrophages in Response to an Immunomodulatory Extract from Pleurotus ostreatus Mycelium. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:206. [PMID: 33799778 DOI: 10.3390/jof7030206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom preparations have been investigated because of their ability to modulate the immune function. However, there is still no consensus regarding the activation and polarizing effect on macrophages by Pleurotus-derived bioproducts. This study examined the immune-activating effect of a mycelium-derived P. ostreatus aqueous extract (HW-Pm) on macrophage functions, by means of the determination of nitric oxide (NO) production, the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), Arginase-1 and FIZZ and the cytokine levels. The phagocytic activity and the activation of NF-κB in U937 reporter cells were also investigated. No cytotoxicity was observed in macrophages treated with HW-Pm (IC50 > 1024 μg/mL) by the resazurin test. HW-Pm induced high levels of NO production and iNOS expression in macrophages. In contrast, HW-Pm did not induce Arginase-1 and FIZZ mRNA expressions. The mushroom extract increased TNF-α and IL-6 production and the phagocytic function in murine macrophages. It also stimulated the activation of the NF-κB promoter. The P. ostreatus mycelium extract has a potential application as a natural immune-enhancing agent, by targeting macrophage activation towards the classically activated subset and stimulating macrophage-mediated innate immune responses.
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120
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Quintero-Cabello KP, Lugo-Flores MA, Rivera-Palafox P, Silva-Espinoza BA, González-Aguilar GA, Esqueda M, Gaitán-Hernández R, Ayala-Zavala JF. Antioxidant Properties and Industrial Uses of Edible Polyporales. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7030196. [PMID: 33803280 PMCID: PMC7998620 DOI: 10.3390/jof7030196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The content of antioxidant compounds varies within fungal species, and the Polyporales order has been recognized for this property. Numerous antioxidant compounds have been identified in Polyporales fungi, including phenolic compounds, β-glucans, ergosterol, ergothioneine, vitamin C, and tocopherols. Each compound contributes differently to the antioxidant potential of fungi. Besides the health benefits for rural communities caused by fungi consumption, their antioxidant composition attracts the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries’ interest. In this context, the present review compiles, analyzes, and discusses the bioactive composition of edible fungi of the Polyporales order and its contribution to total antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen P. Quintero-Cabello
- Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazaran Rosas, No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora CP. 83304, Mexico; (K.P.Q.-C.); (M.A.L.-F.); (P.R.-P.); (B.A.S.-E.); (G.A.G.-A.); (M.E.)
| | - Marco A. Lugo-Flores
- Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazaran Rosas, No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora CP. 83304, Mexico; (K.P.Q.-C.); (M.A.L.-F.); (P.R.-P.); (B.A.S.-E.); (G.A.G.-A.); (M.E.)
| | - Patricia Rivera-Palafox
- Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazaran Rosas, No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora CP. 83304, Mexico; (K.P.Q.-C.); (M.A.L.-F.); (P.R.-P.); (B.A.S.-E.); (G.A.G.-A.); (M.E.)
| | - Brenda A. Silva-Espinoza
- Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazaran Rosas, No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora CP. 83304, Mexico; (K.P.Q.-C.); (M.A.L.-F.); (P.R.-P.); (B.A.S.-E.); (G.A.G.-A.); (M.E.)
| | - Gustavo A. González-Aguilar
- Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazaran Rosas, No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora CP. 83304, Mexico; (K.P.Q.-C.); (M.A.L.-F.); (P.R.-P.); (B.A.S.-E.); (G.A.G.-A.); (M.E.)
| | - Martín Esqueda
- Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazaran Rosas, No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora CP. 83304, Mexico; (K.P.Q.-C.); (M.A.L.-F.); (P.R.-P.); (B.A.S.-E.); (G.A.G.-A.); (M.E.)
| | - Rigoberto Gaitán-Hernández
- Instituto de Ecologia, A.C., Carretera Antigua a Coatepec, No. 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz CP. 91073, Mexico;
| | - J. Fernando Ayala-Zavala
- Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, A.C., Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazaran Rosas, No. 46, Col. La Victoria, Hermosillo, Sonora CP. 83304, Mexico; (K.P.Q.-C.); (M.A.L.-F.); (P.R.-P.); (B.A.S.-E.); (G.A.G.-A.); (M.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-(662)289-2400; Fax: +52-(662)280-0422
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Patel DK, Dutta SD, Ganguly K, Cho SJ, Lim KT. Mushroom-Derived Bioactive Molecules as Immunotherapeutic Agents: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051359. [PMID: 33806285 PMCID: PMC7961999 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms with enhanced medicinal properties focus on finding such compounds that could modulate the human body's immune systems. Mushrooms have antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiviral, hepatoprotective, antitumor, and immunomodulatory properties due to the presence of various bioactive components. β-glucans are the major constituent of the mushroom cell wall and play a significant role in their biological activity. This review described the techniques used in the extraction of the active ingredients from the mushroom. We highlighted the structure of the bioactive polysaccharides present in the mushrooms. Therapeutic applications of different mushrooms were also described. It is interesting to note that mushrooms have the potential sources of many bioactive products that can regulate immunity. Thus, the development of functional medicinal food based on the mushroom is vital for human welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K. Patel
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (D.K.P.); (S.D.D.); (K.G.)
| | - Sayan Deb Dutta
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (D.K.P.); (S.D.D.); (K.G.)
| | - Keya Ganguly
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (D.K.P.); (S.D.D.); (K.G.)
| | - Seong-Jun Cho
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (D.K.P.); (S.D.D.); (K.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-033-250-6491
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Seo DJ, Choi C. Antiviral Bioactive Compounds of Mushrooms and Their Antiviral Mechanisms: A Review. Viruses 2021; 13:350. [PMID: 33672228 PMCID: PMC7926341 DOI: 10.3390/v13020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms are used in their natural form as a food supplement and food additive. In addition, several bioactive compounds beneficial for human health have been derived from mushrooms. Among them, polysaccharides, carbohydrate-binding protein, peptides, proteins, enzymes, polyphenols, triterpenes, triterpenoids, and several other compounds exert antiviral activity against DNA and RNA viruses. Their antiviral targets were mostly virus entry, viral genome replication, viral proteins, and cellular proteins and influenced immune modulation, which was evaluated through pre-, simultaneous-, co-, and post-treatment in vitro and in vivo studies. In particular, they treated and relieved the viral diseases caused by herpes simplex virus, influenza virus, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Some mushroom compounds that act against HIV, influenza A virus, and hepatitis C virus showed antiviral effects comparable to those of antiviral drugs. Therefore, bioactive compounds from mushrooms could be candidates for treating viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Joo Seo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Health and Welfare and Education, Gwangju University 277 Hyodeok-ro, Nam-gu, Gwangju 61743, Korea;
| | - Changsun Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodongdaero, Daeduck-myun, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea
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123
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Han Y, Tang X, Zhang Y, Hu X, Ren LJ. The current status of biotechnological production and the application of a novel antioxidant ergothioneine. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 41:580-593. [PMID: 33550854 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1869692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ergothioneine is a sulfur-containing histidine derivative, that possessesexcellent antioxidant activity and has been used in the food and cosmetics industries. It plays a significant role in anti-aging and the prevention of various diseases. This review will briefly introduce the functions and applications of ergothioneine, elaborate the biosynthetic pathways of ergothioneine and describe several strategies to increase the production of ergothioneine. Then the efficient extraction and detection methods of ergothioneine will be presented. Finally, several proposals are put forward to increase the yield of ergothioneine, and the development prospects of ergothioneine will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Han
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuyang Tang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechao Hu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu TianKai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu-Jing Ren
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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124
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Aramabašić Jovanović J, Mihailović M, Uskoković A, Grdović N, Dinić S, Vidaković M. The Effects of Major Mushroom Bioactive Compounds on Mechanisms That Control Blood Glucose Level. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:58. [PMID: 33467194 PMCID: PMC7830770 DOI: 10.3390/jof7010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a life-threatening multifactorial metabolic disorder characterized by high level of glucose in the blood. Diabetes and its chronic complications have a significant impact on human life, health systems, and countries' economies. Currently, there are many commercial hypoglycemic drugs that are effective in controlling hyperglycemia but with several serious side-effects and without a sufficient capacity to significantly alter the course of diabetic complications. Over many centuries mushrooms and their bioactive compounds have been used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, especially polysaccharides and terpenoids derived from various mushroom species. This review summarizes the effects of these main mushroom secondary metabolites on diabetes and underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for lowering blood glucose. In vivo and in vitro data revealed that treatment with mushroom polysaccharides displayed an anti-hyperglycemic effect by inhibiting glucose absorption efficacy, enhancing pancreatic β-cell mass, and increasing insulin-signaling pathways. Mushroom terpenoids act as inhibitors of α-glucosidase and as insulin sensitizers through activation of PPARγ in order to reduce hyperglycemia in animal models of diabetes. In conclusion, mushroom polysaccharides and terpenoids can effectively ameliorate hyperglycemia by various mechanisms and can be used as supportive candidates for prevention and control of diabetes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Aramabašić Jovanović
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.M.); (A.U.); (N.G.); (S.D.); (M.V.)
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Li F, Ye Q, Chen M, Zhang J, Xue L, Wang J, Wu S, Zeng H, Gu Q, Zhang Y, Wei X, Ding Y, Wu Q. Multiplex PCR for the Identification of Pathogenic Listeria in Flammulina velutipes Plant Based on Novel Specific Targets Revealed by Pan-Genome Analysis. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:634255. [PMID: 33519795 PMCID: PMC7843925 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.634255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria spp. is an important foodborne disease agent, often found in the fresh mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) and its production environment. The aim of this study was to develop multiplex PCR for rapid identification of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria ivanovii, and nonpathogenic Listeria in F. velutipes plants. Pan-genome analysis was first used to identify five novel Listeria-specific targets: one for the Listeria genus, one for L. monocytogenes, and three for L. ivanovii. Primers for the novel targets were highly specific in individual reactions. The detection limits were 103-104 CFU/mL, meeting the requirements of molecular detection. A mPCR assay for the identification of pathogenic Listeria, with primers targeting the novel genes specific for Listeria genus (LMOSLCC2755_0944), L. monocytogenes (LMOSLCC2755_0090), and L. ivanovii (queT_1) was then designed. The assay specificity was robustly verified by analyzing nonpathogenic Listeria and non-Listeria spp. strains. The determined detection limits were 2.0 × 103 CFU/mL for L. monocytogenes and 3.4 × 103 CFU/mL for L. ivanovii, for pure culture analysis. Further, the assay detected 7.6 × 104 to 7.6 × 100 CFU/10 g of pathogenic Listeria spiked into F. velutipes samples following 4-12 h enrichment. The assay feasibility was evaluated by comparing with a traditional culture-based method, by analyzing 129 samples collected from different F. velutipes plants. The prevalence of Listeria spp. and L. monocytogenes was 58.1% and 41.1%, respectively. The calculated κ factors for Listeria spp., L. monocytogenes, and L. ivanovii were 0.97, 0.97, and 1, respectively. The results of the novel mPCR assay were highly consistent with those of the culture-based method. The new assay thus will allow rapid, specific, and accurate detection and monitoring of pathogenic Listeria in food and its production environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qihui Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youxiong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianhu Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Kaur K, Bindra P, Mondal S, Li WP, Sharma S, Sahu BK, Naidu BS, Yeh CS, Gautam UK, Shanmugam V. Upconversion Nanodevice-Assisted Healthy Molecular Photocorrection. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:291-298. [PMID: 33356144 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mushrooms are rich in ergosterol, a precursor of ergocalciferol, which is a type of vitamin D2. The conversion of ergosterol to ergocalciferol takes place in the presence of UV radiation by the cleavage of the "B-ring" in the ergosterol. As the UV radiation cannot penetrate deep into the tissue, only minimal increase occurs in sunlight. In this study, upconversion nanoparticles with the property to convert deep-penetrating near-infrared radiation to UV radiation have been cast into a disk to use sunlight and emit UV radiation for vitamin D conversion. An engineered upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) disk with maximum particles and limited clusters demonstrates ∼2.5 times enhanced vitamin D2 conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamaljit Kaur
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Pulkit Bindra
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjit Mondal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Wei-Peng Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Sandeep Sharma
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Bandana Kumari Sahu
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Boddu S Naidu
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Chen-Sheng Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ujjal K Gautam
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Mohali, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Vijayakumar Shanmugam
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali 160062, Punjab, India
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127
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Suzuki T. Genetic sequence analysis and characterization of bioactive compounds in mushroom-forming fungi. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:8-12. [PMID: 33577662 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbaa067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Mushroom-forming fungi produce unique bioactive compounds that have potential applications as medicines, supplements, and agrochemicals. Thus, it is necessary to clarify the biosynthetic pathways of these compounds using genome and transcriptome analyses. This review introduces some of our research on bioactive compounds isolated from mushrooms, as well as genetic analysis with next-generation sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Suzuki
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
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128
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The etiology of ground glass-like inclusions is heterogenous and the pathology has been described in various conditions including HBV infection, Lafora's disease, fibrinogen storage disease, type IV glycogenosis, and alcohol reversion therapy. Similar ground glass-like inclusions are also associated with immunosuppressed conditions and multiple medications, for which the clinical significance is still unclear. Additional cases, some with previously unreported unique etiologies, and their follow-up were described in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven cases were examined between 2008 and 2019 for this study. The clinical data and histologic slides were reviewed. All of the cases were negative for Hepatitis B virus. None of the patients declared alcohol intake or a history of epilepsy. RESULTS Liver histology showed mild lobular inflammation in most of the cases (72%). Ground glass-like hepatocytes were distributed in the patchy-panlobular, periportal, and centrizonal pattern at 55%, 27%, and 18%, respectively. Clinical history revealed medication use in nine (82%) patients including NSAIDs, steroids, and chemotherapy. Ground glass-like inclusions were related to herbal toxicity in two of the patients. Liver function tests were elevated in all of the cases. Follow-up data revealed four patients with malignancy who died of their cancer. Seven patients showed resolution of elevated liver enzymes with a median follow-up period of 37 months (range 7-132 months). CONCLUSIONS Medication is the most relevant etiology for the development of these inclusions. Ground glass-like inclusions may also seen in herbal toxicity. Transplantation was not an etiologic factor in our patients. Most of the patients displayed an indolent course with resolution of the elevated transaminases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Deniz
- Department of Pathology, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
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129
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Zajac IT, Barnes M, Cavuoto P, Wittert G, Noakes M. The Effects of Vitamin D-Enriched Mushrooms and Vitamin D3 on Cognitive Performance and Mood in Healthy Elderly Adults: A Randomised, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3847. [PMID: 33339304 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite abundant cross-sectional evidence that low vitamin D status is associated with risk of cognitive decline in ageing, interventional evidence for benefits of vitamin D supplementation is lacking. This study was a 6 month randomised, double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial of the effects of vitamin D3 (D3), enhanced vitamin D2 in a mushroom matrix (D2M), standard mushroom (SM) and placebo (PL) on cognition and mood in n = 436 healthy older male (49%) and female volunteers aged ≥ 60 years. Primary end points were change in serum vitamin D metabolites (25-OH-D, 25-OH-D2 and 25-OH-D3), cognitive performance, and mood over 24 weeks. Levels of total 25-OH-D and 25-OH-D3 were maintained in the D3 arm but decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in the remaining arms (D2M, SM and PL). Analysis also revealed differential changes in these metabolites depending on total vitamin D status at baseline. There were no significant effects of treatment on any of the measures of cognitive function or mood. Overall, the results show that daily supplementation of ~600 IU of vitamin D3 was sufficient to maintain 25-OH-D throughout winter months, but in contrast to existing cross-sectional studies there was no support for benefit of vitamin D supplementation for mood or cognition in healthy elderly people.
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130
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Sommer K, Krauß S, Vetter W. Differentiation of European and Chinese Truffle ( Tuber sp.) Species by Means of Sterol Fingerprints. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:14393-14401. [PMID: 33138362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand of valuable truffles (Tuber sp.) has prompted new areas of naturally growing truffles entering the market. Hence, the identification of valueless Tuber species is an important task to prevent food fraud. Here, we show that sterol patterns are suited to differentiate five Tuber species (Tuber magnatum, Tuber melanosporum, Tuber aestivum, Tuber albidum, and Tuber indicum varieties) from each other. Next to the known main sterols of Tuber, ergosterol and brassicasterol, occurrence of minor sterols in differing shares resulted in characteristic fingerprints in the five Tuber species, irrespective of the country of origin. A total of 27 sterols were evaluated, and we proposed assignment criteria of main sterol relations as well as eight distinct biomarkers within the minor compounds for the differentiation of European and Chinese truffles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Sommer
- Institute of Food Chemistry (170b), University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 28, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Stephanie Krauß
- Institute of Food Chemistry (170b), University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 28, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Walter Vetter
- Institute of Food Chemistry (170b), University of Hohenheim, Garbenstraße 28, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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Hussain A, Ghosh S, Roy K, Nath S, Sarkar B, Dutta A, Maji P, Basu S, Paul S, Dey S, Chakraborty K, Raychaudhury B, Acharya K, Ganguly J, Pal C. A mushroom derived 'carbohydrate-fraction' reinstates host-immunity and protects from Leishmania donovani infection. Parasite Immunol 2020; 43:e12806. [PMID: 33131110 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The anti-leishmanial effect of the 'carbohydrate-fraction', isolated from an edible mushroom Astraeus hygrometricus, was evaluated against Leishmania donovani infection both in vitro and in vivo. Ahf-Car induced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase 2 (iNOS2) and pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-12, with subsequent downregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokines as TGF-β and IL-10, in vitro and in vivo along with a remarkable increase in the expressions of IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-γ and IRFs, IRF-7 and IRF-8 in vivo. Ahf-Car also reduced the parasite burden in the spleen and liver dose-dependently with a simultaneous proliferation of Ly6C+ cells in the bone marrow of Leishmania-infected experimental animals. It also increased the monocyte population dose-dependently and the expression of the myeloid transcription factor PU.1, in vivo, which presumably signifies the expansion of protective macrophages. Thus, Ahf-Car might be a potent anti-leishmanial lead with unique and effective adjuvant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aabid Hussain
- Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, India
| | - Sanhita Ghosh
- Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, India
| | - Kamalika Roy
- Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, India
| | - Supriya Nath
- Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, India
| | - Biswajyoti Sarkar
- Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, India
| | - Aritri Dutta
- Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, India
| | - Priyankar Maji
- Department of Chemistry, The Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India
| | - Shibani Basu
- Department of Chemistry, The Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India
| | - Sharmistha Paul
- Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, India
| | - Somaditya Dey
- Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, India
| | | | | | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Jhuma Ganguly
- Department of Chemistry, The Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, India
| | - Chiranjib Pal
- Cellular Immunology and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, India
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Kondyli E, Pappa EC, Kremmyda A, Arapoglou D, Metafa M, Eliopoulos C, Israilides C. Manufacture of Reduced Fat White-Brined Cheese with the Addition of β-Glucans Biobased Polysaccharides as Textural Properties Improvements. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112647. [PMID: 33182804 PMCID: PMC7696168 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Glucan, isolated from the mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, at a concentration of 0.4%, was used in the manufacture of reduced-fat white-brined cheese from sheep milk. Control reduced-fat cheese was also produced from the same milk without the addition of β-glucan. The resultant cheeses were examined for their physicochemical characteristics, color and textural properties, and level of proteolysis and lipolysis. Furthermore, cheeses were evaluated organoleptically. In general, there were no statistical differences in the physicochemical characteristics and proteolysis levels found between both cheeses. The addition of β-glucan improved textural properties, and the cheeses received favorable grades for all the organoleptic characteristics. There were no flavor defects (such as a bitter taste) described by the panellists in this study. Generally, the addition of β-glucan did not significantly affect total free fatty acid content; however, at 180 days of ripening and storage, cheeses with the addition of β-glucan had a higher (p < 0.05) content than cheeses without β-glucan. The major fatty acids were acetic acid and capric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymia Kondyli
- Dairy Research Department, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, Katsikas, 45221 Ioannina, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-265-109-4780
| | - Eleni C. Pappa
- Dairy Research Department, Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, Katsikas, 45221 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Alexandra Kremmyda
- Division of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK;
| | - Dimitris Arapoglou
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-DEMETER, 1 S.Venizelou, 14123 Lycovrysi, Greece; (D.A.); (M.M.); (C.E.); (C.I.)
| | - Maria Metafa
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-DEMETER, 1 S.Venizelou, 14123 Lycovrysi, Greece; (D.A.); (M.M.); (C.E.); (C.I.)
| | - Christos Eliopoulos
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-DEMETER, 1 S.Venizelou, 14123 Lycovrysi, Greece; (D.A.); (M.M.); (C.E.); (C.I.)
| | - Cleanthes Israilides
- Institute of Technology of Agricultural Products, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-DEMETER, 1 S.Venizelou, 14123 Lycovrysi, Greece; (D.A.); (M.M.); (C.E.); (C.I.)
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Yamashita S, Seino T, Inobe M, Jutanom M, Matsumoto S, Kinoshita M. Polar Lipid Fraction from Golden Oyster Mushrooms (Pleurotus citrinopileatus) Suppresses Colon Injuries from Inflammatory Stresses in vivo and in vitro. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:751-757. [PMID: 32612025 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The rising incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in East Asian countries has necessitated the implementation of preventive methods in the form of dietary supplementation and changes in dietary habits. We have previously reported that dietary golden oyster mushroom (Pleurotus citrinopileatus) ethanol extract (GOMEE) suppresses intestinal inflammation in mouse models of IBD induced by dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS). Here, we investigated the components of GOMEE that exert suppressive effects on colon inflammation in vivo and in vitro. The total lipid fraction was extracted from GOMEE, and the polar and neutral lipid fractions were subsequently separated via solvent fractionation. Mice were assigned to dietary groups-control, 1% total lipid, 1% polar lipid, or 1% neutral lipid diet-and fed the respective diets for one week; mice were administered 1.5% DSS in drinking water ad libitum for 20 days. Dietary supplementation with the total or polar lipid fraction alleviated DSS-induced chorionic crypt injury as determined by morphological observation, while dietary supplementation with the neutral lipid fraction did not produce such effects. In the in vitro study, using differentiated Caco-2 cells as the colon model, treatment with the total or polar lipid fraction suppressed cell decrease by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis whereas treatment with the neutral lipid fraction did not. Moreover, accumulation of glucosylceramide (GlcCer), a fungal sphingolipid, was observed in the intestinal cells after treatment with polar lipid fraction. These results suggest that the active components of GOMEE that suppress colon inflammation are polar lipids, especially GlcCer. The structure of mushroom GlcCer differs from that of the plant counterpart and is therefore expected to exert different food functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Yamashita
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Takuya Seino
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Miho Inobe
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Mirinthorn Jutanom
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | | | - Mikio Kinoshita
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
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134
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Sang H, Xie Y, Su X, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Liu K, Wang J. Mushroom Bulgaria inquinans Modulates Host Immunological Response and Gut Microbiota in Mice. Front Nutr 2020; 7:144. [PMID: 33134305 PMCID: PMC7578393 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine the prebiotic impact of Mushroom Bulgaria inquinans (BI) on the host immune response and gut microbiota. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a diet supplemented with 0, 1, or 2% BI for 4 wks. Compared to mice fed with a control diet (0% BI), mice fed with 1 or 2% BI had an increase of T cell proliferation from the spleen, but such change was not found between 1 and 2% BI treated mice. Also, BI at 2% increased the production of IL-2 of splenocytes stimulated with T-cell mitogens, but BI at 1 and 2% did not affect productions of other splenic-T cell cytokines including IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ. Interestingly, BI at 1 or 2% inhibited T cell proliferation of mesenteric lymph node (mLN) but this effect was not found between 1 and 2% BI treated mice. Furthermore, BI inhibited the production of IL-2 in anti-CD3/CD28-stimulated T cells from mLN in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, BI at 2%, not 1% inhibited the production of IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ of mLN. Since BI at 2% produced a more significant effect on the immune response, we further used BI at 2% to evaluate the effect of BI on gut microbiota. Of note, BI reduced the diversity of gut microbiota and resulted in an increase of Faecalibaculum and Parabacteroides abundance and the decrease of Allobaculum, Candidatus_Saccharimonas, and Rikenella abundance at the genus level. Finally, the correlation was observed between specific bacteria genera and the productions of T-cell cytokines from mesenteric lymphocytes: Rikenella and Candidatus_Saccharimonas correlated positively with IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ; Bacteroides and Parabacteroides correlated negatively with IL-2 and IL-4; Faecalibaculum correlated negatively with IFN-γ and IL-4 and Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium correlated negatively with IFN-γ. The specific role of each intestinal microbiota observed is still unclear, but BI might exert a prebiotic effect on gut microbiota by increasing the abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria (Faecalibaculum). This is helpful for further demonstrating the healthy-promotion mechanism of B. inquinans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhen Sang
- Institute of Infection and Immunity and Translational Medical Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yu Xie
- Institute of Infection and Immunity and Translational Medical Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China.,School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xing Su
- Department of Respiration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- Institute of Infection and Immunity and Translational Medical Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yijie Zhang
- Institute of Infection and Immunity and Translational Medical Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Kun Liu
- College of Biology Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Junpeng Wang
- Institute of Infection and Immunity and Translational Medical Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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135
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Abstract
The production of macrofungi (mushrooms) as well as their economic value have been steadily increasing globally. The use of functional foods, dietary supplements, and traditional medicines derived from macrofungi is increasing as they have numerous health benefits as well as abundant nutrients. Macrofungi are diverse with complex and highly varied growth conditions and bioactive constituents, most macrofungal resources have not yet been fully explored and applicated, leading to an urgent need for appropriate strategies to address the problem. Increasing attention has been paid to the macrofungal cultivation and application, in particular, potential prebiotics. Herein, the present review comprehensively summarizes recent progress in the cultivation, newly identified bioactive constituents, and their effects on gut microbiota as well as the potential ways in which they affect human health. Moreover, the macrofungal food development is discussed to improve food nutritional value and change the quality characteristics of food. Finally, the review addresses consumer safety concerns and the prospective genetic manipulation of macrofungi. We hope that this review can provide a comprehensive research reference for ensuring the safety and efficacy, along with maximizing the value and profitability of macrofungi production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Lu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanghang Lou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjin Hu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengjie Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qihe Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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136
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Abstract
Morchella conica Pers. is a highly-prized mushroom for its edible and medical values. In this study, we determined the complete mitochondrial genome of M. conica combining both PacBio and Illumina sequencing technologies. The complete mitochondrial genome is 280,763 bp in length with a GC content of 39.88%. We identified a total of 14 core conserved protein-coding genes, 127 non-conserved open reading frames (ncORFs) and 30 tRNA genes in the M. conica mitogenome. However, no large or small rRNA subunits (rnl or rns) were identified in this mitogenome. In addition, we detected two mitochondrial RNase P (rnpB) genes and one ribosomal protein genes (rps3). Phylogenetic analysis was performed among M. conica and 18 other representative fungi from Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Mucoromycota. Our results showed that M. conica was most closely related to M. importuna. The availability of the M. conica mitochondrial genome will form the basis of genetic breeding program and enhance our understanding of the evolution of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Institution of Genomics and Bioinformatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- Institution of Genomics and Bioinformatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Zhi Gao
- Institution of Genomics and Bioinformatics, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Germplasm Bank of Wild Species in Southwestern China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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137
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Okolo KO, Orisakwe OE. In vitro antioxidants and hepatoprotective effects of Pleurotus tuber-regium on carbon tetrachloride-treated rats. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 32:67-78. [PMID: 32833668 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study has characterized the phytoconstituents and evaluated the in vitro antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Pleurotus tuber-regium induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). In vitro antioxidant assay of ethanol extract of P. tuber-regium and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses to identify the phytoconstituents were carried out. Methods Sixty rats were divided into six groups of 10 animals in each group and treated as follows for 13 weeks. Group I (control) received 3 mL/kg olive oil intraperitoneal twice weekly in addition to feed and water ad libitum. Group II received CCl4 3 mL/kg twice weekly. Groups III, IV and V received 100, 200 and 500 mg/kg wild edible P. tuber-regium mixed with feed by ingestion daily in addition to 3 mL/kg CCl4 twice weekly, respectively. Group VI received 500 mg P. tuber-regium daily. Liver and body weights were recorded. Liver function tests, oxidative stress biomarkers, bilirubin, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol were assayed. Histopathology of the liver was carried out. The gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis yielded 10 antioxidants. Results CCl4 increased the levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin and malondialdehyde from 24±1.778 iu/L, 53±3.7 iu/L, 257±19 iu/L, 0.45±0.03 mg/dL and 1.90±0.42 μmol/L in the control group to 48±2.5 iu/L, 81±2.10 iu/L, 495±38 iu/L, 1.20±0.09 mg/dL and 14.0±2.6 μmol/L in the treated group, respectively. Conclusions P. tuber-regium prevented the necrosis, edema and vein congestion observed in the CCl4-only group. P. tuber-regium is effective in protecting the liver against CCl4-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth O Okolo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Madonna University, Port Harcourt, Elele Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Orish E Orisakwe
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.,African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323, Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
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138
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Jutanom M, Higaki C, Yamashita S, Nakagawa K, Matsumoto S, Kinoshita M. Effects of Sphingolipid Fractions from Golden Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus citrinopileatus) on Apoptosis Induced by Inflammatory Stress in an Intestinal Tract in vitro Model. J Oleo Sci 2020; 69:1087-1093. [PMID: 32788522 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess20105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that the polar lipid fraction from the golden oyster mushroom, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, suppresses colon injuries which result from apoptosis induced by inflammatory stresses in vivo and in vitro (Yamashita et al., J. Oleo Sci., 69, 751-757 (2020)). Here, we investigated the use of lipid classes in mushroom polar lipid fraction in alleviating colon injury using differentiated Caco-2 cells as an intestinal tract model. The mushroom polar lipid fraction was separated into four fractions using silica thin layer chromatography. Each mushroom polar lipid fraction suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced decreases in the viability of intestinal cells, and the effects of sphingolipid fractions were significantly stronger than those of fraction that did not contain sphingolipids. Addition of sphingolipid fractions suppressed the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (e.g., death receptors and caspases) in the LPS-treated cells. Mushroom polar lipids, especially sphingolipids suppress intestinal apoptosis induced by inflammatory stress, and highly polar sphingolipids may exert stronger suppressive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirinthorn Jutanom
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine.,Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
| | - Chisato Higaki
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Shinji Yamashita
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
| | - Kiyotaka Nakagawa
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
| | | | - Mikio Kinoshita
- Department of Life and Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
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139
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Gallotti F, Lavelli V. The Effect of UV Irradiation on Vitamin D 2 Content and Antioxidant and Antiglycation Activities of Mushrooms. Foods 2020; 9:foods9081087. [PMID: 32784944 PMCID: PMC7464819 DOI: 10.3390/foods9081087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushroom irradiation has been considered a sustainable process to generate high amounts of vitamin D2 due to the role of this vitamin for human health and of the global concerns regarding its deficient or inadequate intake. Mushrooms are also receiving increasing interest due to their nutritional and medicinal properties. However, there is still a knowledge gap regarding the effect of UV irradiation on mushroom bioactive compounds. In this study, two of the most cultivated mushroom species worldwide, Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus, were irradiated with UV-B, and the effect of processing was investigated on the contents of vitamin D2 as well as on antioxidant and antiglycation activities. UV irradiation increased vitamin D2 up to 57 µg/g d.w, which is an adequate level for the fortification of a number of target foods. UV irradiation decreased the antioxidant activity when measured by the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6 trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl radical assay and the ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power assay, but did not decrease the mushroom’s ability to inhibit glycation of a target protein. These results open up a new area of investigation aimed at selecting mushroom species with high nutraceutical benefits for irradiation in order to maintain their potential properties to inhibit oxidative and glycation processes responsible for human diseases.
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140
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Chua ET, Shekh AY, Eltanahy E, Thomas-Hall SR, Schenk PM. Effective Harvesting of Nannochloropsis Microalgae Using Mushroom Chitosan: A Pilot-Scale Study. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:771. [PMID: 32766222 PMCID: PMC7381157 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
For efficient downstream processing, harvesting remains as one of the challenges in producing Nannochloropsis biomass, a microalga with high-value omega-3 oils. Flocculation is an effective, low-energy, low-cost method to harvest microalgae. Chitosan has been shown to be an effective food-grade flocculant; however, commercial chitosan is sourced from crustaceans, which has disadvantages including concerns over heavy-metal contamination. Thus, this study tests the flocculation potential of mushroom chitosan. Our results indicate a 13% yield of chitosan from mushroom. The identity of the prepared chitosan was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, results show that mushroom chitosan can be an alternative flocculant with >95% flocculation efficiency when tested in 100-mL jar and 200-L vertical column photobioreactor. Applications in a 2000-L raceway pond demonstrated that thorough mixing of mushroom chitosan with the algal culture is required to achieve efficient flocculation. With proper mixing, mushroom chitosan can be used to produce food-grade Nannochloropsis biomass suitable for the production of vegan omega-3 oils as a fish oil alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis T Chua
- Algae Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ajam Y Shekh
- Algae Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India
| | - Eladl Eltanahy
- Algae Laboratory, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Skye R Thomas-Hall
- Algae Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Peer M Schenk
- Algae Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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141
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Chun S, Chambers E 4th, Han I. Development of a Sensory Flavor Lexicon for Mushrooms and Subsequent Characterization of Fresh and Dried Mushrooms. Foods 2020; 9:E980. [PMID: 32718026 DOI: 10.3390/foods9080980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms are a nutritious versatile ingredient in many food products. They are low in calories and have various potential medicinal properties as well. Surprisingly, little research on their descriptive sensory properties has been conducted. The objectives of this study were to a) establish a descriptive sensory flavor lexicon for the evaluation of fresh, dried, and powdered mushrooms and 2) use that lexicon to compare a selection of different mushrooms of various species and in fresh dried and powdered forms. A lexicon for describing mushroom was developed using a consensus profile method. A highly trained, descriptive sensory panel identified, defined, and referenced 27 flavor attributes for commercially available mushroom samples prepared as “meat” and broth. Attributes could be grouped in categories such as musty (dusty/papery, earthy/humus, earthy/damp, earthy/potato, fermented, leather (new), leather (old), mold/cheesy, moldy/damp, mushroomy), and other attributes such as fishy, shell fish, woody, nutty, brown, green, cardboard, burnt/ashy, potato, umami, protein (vegetable), yeasty, bitter, salty, sweet aromatics, sour, and astringent. Samples were then tested in three replications and mean values were compared statistically. In addition, principal component analysis was used to understand the characteristics of mushrooms evaluated. Dried mushrooms showed bitter, burnt, musty/dusty, astringent, old leather, and fresh mushroom characteristics and fresh mushroom showed umami, sweet, earthy/potato, earthy/damp, yeasty, and fermented. Mushrooms were grouped and differentiated in similar ways regardless of whether they were tested as broth or “meat”. Mushroom growers, product developers, chefs and other culinary professionals, sensory scientists, researchers, the food industry, and ultimately consumers will benefit from this lexicon describing a wide variety of mushroom flavor properties.
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142
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Perduca M, Destefanis L, Bovi M, Galliano M, Munari F, Assfalg M, Ferrari F, Monaco HL, Capaldi S. Structure and properties of the oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) lectin. Glycobiology 2020; 30:550-562. [PMID: 31985778 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleurotus ostreatus Lectin (POL) is a 353 amino acid chain lectin that can be purified from the fruiting bodies of the very well-known and widely diffused edible oyster mushrooms (P. ostreatus). The lectin has been partially characterized by different groups and, although it was crystallized about 20 years ago, its 3D structure and the details of its interactions with carbohydrates are still unknown. This paper reports the 3D structure and ligand-binding properties of POL. We have determined the X-ray structure of the apo-protein purified from the fruiting bodies of the mushroom and that of the recombinant protein in complex with melibiose to a resolution of about 2 Å. The lectin is a homodimer in which the two polypeptide chains are linked by a disulfide bridge. A POL monomer is composed of two highly homologous β-jellyroll domains each of which containing a calcium-dependent carbohydrate-binding site. A high degree of sequence similarity is observed between the two carbohydrate-binding modules present in each monomer. The structure of the lectin in complex with melibiose reveals that a POL dimer has four calcium-dependent carbohydrate-binding sites. The interaction with sugars in solution has been characterized by isothermal titration calorimetry and saturation transfer difference NMR and it sheds new light on the molecular determinants of POL specificity. The lectin exhibits in vitro antiproliferative effects against human cancer cell lines and presents structural similarity with the prototype member of the CBM67 family, the noncatalytic domain of Streptomyces avermitilis α-rhamnosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Perduca
- Biocrystallography and Nanostructure Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Destefanis
- Biocrystallography and Nanostructure Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Bovi
- Biocrystallography and Nanostructure Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Monica Galliano
- Department of Molecular Medicine via Taramelli 3b, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Munari
- Biomolecular NMR Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Michael Assfalg
- Biomolecular NMR Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Fabio Ferrari
- Department of Molecular Medicine via Taramelli 3b, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Hugo L Monaco
- Biocrystallography and Nanostructure Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Capaldi
- Biocrystallography and Nanostructure Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
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143
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Jagadeesh R, Babu G, Lakshmanan H, Oh OMJ, Jang JKY, Kong KWS, Raaman N. Bioactive Sterol Derivatives Isolated from the Pleurotus djamor var. Roseus Induced Apoptosis in Cancer Cell Lines. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2020; 18:124-134. [PMID: 32660409 DOI: 10.2174/1871525718666200303123557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study is to isolate and characterize the bioactive compounds from Pleurotus djamor against human breast cancer (MDA-MD-231) and mouse T cell lymphoma (EL4) cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sequential fractionization and column chromatography methods were involved in compound isolation. The structures of the isolated compound were determined by NMR, GC/MS, and X-ray crystallography studies. RESULTS The isolated compounds 1- 4 [D-mannitol (C1), ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol (C2), 5,8- epidioxy-ergosta-6-22-dien-3β-ol (C3), and palmitic acid (C4)] are white crystal and amorphous powder in nature. All these compounds were isolated from this mushroom for the first time. In vitro lipid peroxidation activities of isolated compounds were determined by ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method. The sterol derivatives C2 and C3 compounds displayed strong antioxidant activity and were not significantly different (p<0.05) to α-tocopherol. This finding elaborates on the isolation of a cytotoxic compound C2 and C3 from P. djamor via a rapid elution method. CONCLUSION The compound C3 has exhibited better cytotoxic activity against MDA-MD-231 and EL4 cells. The present finding and data might provide new insights into the possible therapeutic and pharmaceutical use for the design of anti-cancer drugs from this edible mushroom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman Jagadeesh
- Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong, Republic of Korea,Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai- 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gajandran Babu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang-550014, China,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang-550014, China
| | - Hariprasath Lakshmanan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai- 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India,Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, India
| | - Oh Min-Ji Oh
- Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Kab-Yeul Jang
- Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Kong Won-Sik Kong
- Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Nanjian Raaman
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai- 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India
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144
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Ghosh SK, Sanyal T, Bera T. Anticancer Activity of Solvent Extracts of Hexogonia glabra against Cervical Cancer Cell Lines. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1977-1986. [PMID: 32711423 PMCID: PMC7573405 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.7.1977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: In this study, we aimed to harness some solvent extracts of one wild mushroom Hexagonia glabra and test their anti-cancer activity against cervical human cell lines, namelyHeLa, SiHa, and CaSki. Methods: It includes cell morphological study by microscope, nuclear morphology by DAPI staining under fluorescence microscopy, apoptosis assay by fluorescence technique, anti-proliferation by MTT assay and expression of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes by Western blotting and cell cycle analysis was done. Results: The selected cervical cancer cells were treated separately with 150 µg/mL of three extracts, namely of ethanolic (EE), ethyl acetate (EAE), and water extract (WE) and exhibited features like round, shrink and dead. All extracts caused apoptosis in cell lines and EE had the highest effect in this regard. The percentages of apoptotic cells in HeLa, SiHa and CaSki, at the same concentration of EE were 79.23, 75.42, and 76.36% respectively. Cytotoxicity assay showed that all three extracts (50 – 250 μg/mL) were potent for inhibition of cell growth of three cell lines and again EE had the highest effect. The percentages of cell growth inhibition in HeLa, SiHa, and CaSki cells treated with EE at 24 h at 50 µg/mL were 45.79±4.11, 41.66±4.03, and 36.72±2.67, while they were 74.23±7.45, 62.31±5.97, and 54.23±5.04 at 150 µg/mL concentration. At 250 µg/mL concentration, the percentages of cell growth inhibition were 94.25 ±8.11, 90.02 ±8.67, and 85.43±6.21, respectively. The expression of apoptotic gene (Caspase 3, 9) and tumor guard gene (p53), as their proteins in Western blotting increased . However, anti-apoptotic BcL2 gene of all cell lines was decreased following treatment with extracts. In addition, the cell cycle analysis (CaSki cell) showed that treatment (EE) arrested at G2/M check point cell cycle. Conclusion: All extracts of this mushroom were active in arresting growth of three cell lines and EE had the highest effect, indicating that this mushroom can be a valuable source of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapan Kumar Ghosh
- Molecular Mycopathology Lab, Cancer Research Unit, PG Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College (Autonomous), Rahara, Kolkata 700118, India
| | - Tapojyoti Sanyal
- Molecular Mycopathology Lab, Cancer Research Unit, PG Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College (Autonomous), Rahara, Kolkata 700118, India
| | - Tanmay Bera
- Molecular Mycopathology Lab, Cancer Research Unit, PG Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College (Autonomous), Rahara, Kolkata 700118, India
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145
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Sun L, Niu Z. A mushroom diet reduced the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension and macrosomia: a randomized clinical trial. Food Nutr Res 2020; 64:4451. [PMID: 32577117 PMCID: PMC7286351 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v64.4451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is a disease characterized by high blood pressure detected after 20 weeks of pregnancy, affecting approximately 10% of pregnant women worldwide. Effective strategies are imperatively needed to prevent and treat PIH. Methods Subjects were required to consume 100 g mushroom daily from pre-pregnancy to the 20th week of gestation. The gestational hypertension and related primary and secondary outcomes of the mushroom diet (MD) group and placebo group were investigated to compare the intervention of a MD on the PIH and preeclampsia-associated maternal and child health conditions. Results A total of 582 and 580 subjects belonging to the MD group and placebo group were included for the analysis, respectively. Compared to the placebo, the MD significantly reduced the incidence of gestational hypertension (P = 0.023), preeclampsia (P = 0.014), gestational weight gain (P = 0.017), excessive gestational weight gain (P = 0.032) and gestational diabetes (P = 0.047). Stratified analysis showed that the MD lowered the risk of PIH for overweighed women (P = 0.036), along with the percentage of macrosomia (P = 0.007). Conclusion An MD could serve as a preventative strategy for lowering the risk of PIH and could control newborn birthweight while reducing comorbidities including gestational weight gain, diabetes etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Sun
- Department of Obstertrics, Liaocheng People Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Zhanjie Niu
- Department of Obstertrics, Liaocheng People Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
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146
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Nowakowski P, Naliwajko SK, Markiewicz‐Żukowska R, Borawska MH, Socha K. The two faces of Coprinus comatus-Functional properties and potential hazards. Phytother Res 2020; 34:2932-2944. [PMID: 32462723 PMCID: PMC7754439 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Mushrooms have been used for centuries not only as food but also in traditional medicine as a source of components with pro‐health activity. One of them is Coprinus comatus (O.F.Müll.) Pers. also called shaggy mane, chicken drumstick mushroom, or lawyer's wig. In Asian countries, C. comatus (CC) is approved as edible mushroom and often cultivated for consumption, whereas in many other countries, although it is widespread, it is unrecognized and not used. In this review, for the first time, we discussed about the composition related to functional properties as well as the potential risks associated with consumption of CC by reviewing scientific literature. The information has been collected in order to get to know this species thoroughly. Various studies show many of the physiological activities, such as antioxidant, anticancer, antiandrogenic, hepatoprotective, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antibacterial, antifungal, antinematode, and antiviral. Besides positive physiological properties, CC has also negative features, for example, skin reactions in patients with dermatitis and atopic predisposition, risk of confusion with poisonous mushrooms, quick autolysis after collection, and contamination of toxic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Nowakowski
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory MedicineMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Sylwia K. Naliwajko
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory MedicineMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Renata Markiewicz‐Żukowska
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory MedicineMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Maria H. Borawska
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory MedicineMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
| | - Katarzyna Socha
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory MedicineMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
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147
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Bekiaris G, Tagkouli D, Koutrotsios G, Kalogeropoulos N, Zervakis GI. Pleurotus Mushrooms Content in Glucans and Ergosterol Assessed by ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis. Foods 2020; 9:foods9040535. [PMID: 32344549 PMCID: PMC7230552 DOI: 10.3390/foods9040535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was used to monitor the infrared absorption spectra of 79 mushroom samples from 29 Pleurotus ostreatus, P. eryngii and P. nebrodensis strains cultivated on wheat straw, grape marc and/or by-products of the olive industry. The spectroscopic analysis provided a chemical insight into the mushrooms examined, while qualitative and quantitative differences in regions related to proteins, phenolic compounds and polysaccharides were revealed among the species and substrates studied. Moreover, by using advanced chemometrics, correlations of the recorded mushrooms’ spectra versus their content in glucans and ergosterol, commonly determined through traditional analytical techniques, allowed the development of models predicting such contents with a good predictive power (R2: 0.80–0.84) and accuracy (low root mean square error, low relative error and representative to the predicted compounds spectral regions used for the calibrations). Findings indicate that FTIR spectroscopy could be exploited as a potential process analytical technology tool in the mushroom industry to characterize mushrooms and to assess their content in bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Bekiaris
- Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (G.B.); (G.K.)
| | - Dimitra Tagkouli
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17676 Athens, Greece; (D.T.); (N.K.)
| | - Georgios Koutrotsios
- Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (G.B.); (G.K.)
| | - Nick Kalogeropoulos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17676 Athens, Greece; (D.T.); (N.K.)
| | - Georgios I. Zervakis
- Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece; (G.B.); (G.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-529-4341
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148
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Younas S, Liu C, Qu H, Mao Y, Liu W, Wei L, Yan L, Zheng L. Multispectral imaging for predicting the water status in mushroom during hot-air dehydration. J Food Sci 2020; 85:903-909. [PMID: 32147837 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In-depth understanding of the shifting of water status during dehydration is crucial for obtaining better quality of dried food. In this work, we report a nondestructive method to measure the water status in hot-air dried mushroom via multispectral imaging (MSI) technology combined with chemometric methods. The low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) measurements were performed as reference. During drying process, the moisture content changed dramatically with notable migration and conversion of different water phases. Partial least squares (PLS), back propagation neural network (BPNN), and least squares-support vector machine (LS-SVM) models were applied to develop quantitative models. Among all, BPNN model showed considerably better performance of prediction with coefficient of determination R2 c = 0.9829, R2 p = 0.9639. The results demonstrated that MSI technology combined with chemometric methods is an impressive approach for determination of the water status in hot-air dried mushrooms, which would facilitate infield of food processing by providing applicable and appropriate platform. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Experimental investigation of different water status during food processing. Assessment of the potential of multispectral imaging to predict water status. Usage of novel measurement method for food processors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Younas
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Changhong Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Hao Qu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yu Mao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Intelligent Control and Compute Vision Lab, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Liyang Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Ling Yan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.,Research Laboratory of Agricultural Environment and Food Safety, Anhui Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System, Hefei, 230009, China
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149
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Zhang J, Tan Y, Feng L, Ni Z, Wang J, Cai Z. [Determination of thiram, propineb and metiram in mushroom by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2020; 49:267-271. [PMID: 32290944 DOI: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2020.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a method for determination of thiram, propineb and metiram in mushroom samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). METHODS Insoluble heavy metal salts were converted into water-soluble sodium salts by alkaline buffer with strong chelating agents. Dithiocarbamates can be converted into different methyl ester compounds with ion pair methylation. The GC separation was performed on a DB-5 MS capillary column(30 m×0. 25 mm, 0. 25 μm). The pesticides were detected by GC-MS with selective ion monitoring(SIM) and quantified by external standard of working curve method. Methodsological verification was carried out based on optimized sample pretreatment and GC-MS condition. RESULTS The concentrations of dithiocarbamates exhibited a good linear relationship with GC-MS within a certain range. The limits of detection of thiram, propineb and metiram were 0. 01, 0. 05 and 0. 05 mg/kg, respectively. Furthermore, the average recoveries were from 76. 98% to 93. 52%, and the maximum relative standard deviation was 11. 54%(n=6). CONCLUSION This method is simple, sensitive, accurate and reliable. All the indices meet the requirements of pesticide residue detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Ying Tan
- Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Liang Feng
- Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Zhunan Ni
- Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Junlin Wang
- Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Zengxuan Cai
- Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
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150
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Jiang X, Meng W, Li L, Meng Z, Wang D. Adjuvant Therapy With Mushroom Polysaccharides for Diabetic Complications. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:168. [PMID: 32180724 PMCID: PMC7059129 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic complications seriously endanger the health of most diabetic patients around the world. Most chemical hypoglycemic agents have adverse effects and are unable to improve the progression of diabetic complications. In recent years, a number of medicinal herbs have become increasingly popular for the treatment of diabetic complications due to their relative safety. Polysaccharides extracted from medicinal herbs with multiple pharmacological activities and low toxicity have been reported to be useful in the treatment of diabetic complications. Methods Primary studies with keywords including polysaccharide and diabetic complications were retrieved from the Web of Science and NCBI databases and were read and analyzed. Results Mushroom polysaccharides were proven to have positive effects on diabetic complications. Conclusions We studied the effects of mushroom polysaccharides on hyperglycemia and as adjuvant therapies for diabetic complications and summarized the applications and limitations of mushroom polysaccharides to better understand their application for the treatment of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Jiang
- Department of Translational Medicine Research Institute, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weiqi Meng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lanzhou Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhaoli Meng
- Department of Translational Medicine Research Institute, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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