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Kozak RA, Goneau LW, DeLima C, Varsaneux O, Eshaghi A, Kristjanson E, Olsha R, Safronetz D, Perusini S, Frantz C, Gubbay JB. Presence of Flavivirus Antibodies Does Not Lead to a Greater Number of Symptoms in a Small Cohort of Canadian Travelers Infected with Zika Virus. Viruses 2020; 12:v12020140. [PMID: 31991674 PMCID: PMC7077307 DOI: 10.3390/v12020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus associated with a febrile illness as well as severe complications, including microcephaly and Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Antibody cross-reactivity between flaviviruses has been documented, and in regions where ZIKV is circulating, dengue virus (DENV) is also endemic, leaving the potential that previous exposure to DENV could alter clinical features of ZIKV infection. To investigate this, we performed a retrospective case-control study in which we compared Canadian travellers who had been infected with ZIKV and had serological findings indicating previous DENV or other flavivirus exposure (n = 16) to those without any previous exposure (n = 44). Patient samples were collected between February 2016 and September 2017 and submitted to Public Health Ontario for testing. ZIKV infection was determined using real-time RT-PCR and antibodies against DENV were identified by the plaque-reduction neutralization test. The mean time from symptom onset to sample collection was 5 days for both groups; the magnitude of viremia was not statistically different (Ct values: 35.6 vs. 34.9, p-value = 0.2). Clinical scores were also similar. Our findings indicate that previous DENV or other flavivirus exposure did not result in greater viremia or a higher illness score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Kozak
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Lee W. Goneau
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada; (L.W.G.); (C.D.); (A.E.); (E.K.); (R.O.); (S.P.); (C.F.)
| | - Cedric DeLima
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada; (L.W.G.); (C.D.); (A.E.); (E.K.); (R.O.); (S.P.); (C.F.)
| | | | - AliReza Eshaghi
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada; (L.W.G.); (C.D.); (A.E.); (E.K.); (R.O.); (S.P.); (C.F.)
| | - Erik Kristjanson
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada; (L.W.G.); (C.D.); (A.E.); (E.K.); (R.O.); (S.P.); (C.F.)
| | - Romy Olsha
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada; (L.W.G.); (C.D.); (A.E.); (E.K.); (R.O.); (S.P.); (C.F.)
| | - David Safronetz
- Special Pathogens Program, National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada;
| | - Stephen Perusini
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada; (L.W.G.); (C.D.); (A.E.); (E.K.); (R.O.); (S.P.); (C.F.)
| | - Christine Frantz
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada; (L.W.G.); (C.D.); (A.E.); (E.K.); (R.O.); (S.P.); (C.F.)
| | - Jonathan B. Gubbay
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada; (L.W.G.); (C.D.); (A.E.); (E.K.); (R.O.); (S.P.); (C.F.)
- Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1V2, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-647-792-3170
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Shahid F, Ashfaq UA, Javaid A, Khalid H. Immunoinformatics guided rational design of a next generation multi epitope based peptide (MEBP) vaccine by exploring Zika virus proteome. Infect Genet Evol 2020; 80:104199. [PMID: 31962160 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an RNA virus that has spread through mosquito sting. Currently, no vaccine and antiviral medication available so far against ZIKV. Therefore, it has fostered a study to design MEBP vaccine enabling effective prevention against the ZIKV infection. In this study combination of immuno-informatics and molecular docking approach was used to constitute a MEBP vaccine. The ZIKV proteome was used for prediction of B-cell, T-cell (HTL & CTL) and IFN-γ epitopes. After prediction, highly antigenic and overlapping epitopes have been shortlisted which includes 14 CTL and 11 HTL epitopes that have been linked to the final peptide through AAY and GPGPG linkers respectively. An adjuvant at the N-end of the vaccine was added to improve the immunogenicity of the vaccine through the EAAAK linker. The final construct constitutes 435 amino acids after the addition of linkers and adjuvant. The existence of B-cell and IFN-γ epitopes affirms the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses acquired by the construct. Allergenicity, antigenicity and different physiochemical attributes of the vaccine were evaluated to assure its safety and immunogenicity profile. In fact, the construct was antigenic and non-allergenic. Docking was performed among vaccine and TLR-3 to evaluate the binding affinity and the molecular interaction. Finally, the construct was subjected to In silico cloning to confers the authenticity of its expression efficiency. However, the proposed construct need to be validate experimentally to ensure its safety and immunogenic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Shahid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Anam Javaid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hina Khalid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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103
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Ávila-Pérez G, Nogales A, Park JG, Vasquez DM, Dean DA, Barravecchia M, Perez DR, Almazán F, Martínez-Sobrido L. In vivo rescue of recombinant Zika virus from an infectious cDNA clone and its implications in vaccine development. Sci Rep 2020; 10:512. [PMID: 31949262 PMCID: PMC6965646 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57545-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne member of the Flaviviridae family that has been known to circulate for decades causing mild febrile illness. The more recent ZIKV outbreaks in the Americas and the Caribbean associated with congenital malformations and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults have placed public health officials in high alert and highlight the significant impact of ZIKV on human health. New technologies to study the biology of ZIKV and to develop more effective prevention options are highly desired. In this study we demonstrate that direct delivery in mice of an infectious ZIKV cDNA clone allows the rescue of recombinant (r)ZIKV in vivo. A bacterial artificial chromosome containing the sequence of ZIKV strain Paraiba/2015 under the control of the cytomegalovirus promoter was complexed with a commercial transfection reagent and administrated using different routes in type-I interferon receptor deficient A129 mice. Clinical signs and death associated with ZIKV viremia were observed in mice. The rZIKV recovered from these mice remained fully virulent in a second passage in mice. Interestingly, infectious rZIKV was also recovered after intraperitoneal inoculation of the rZIKV cDNA in the absence of transfection reagent. Further expanding these studies, we demonstrate that a single intraperitoneal inoculation of a cDNA clone encoding an attenuated rZIKV was safe, highly immunogenic, and provided full protection against lethal ZIKV challenge. This novel in vivo reverse genetics method is a potentially suitable delivery platform for the study of wild-type and live-attenuated ZIKV devoid of confounding factors typical associated with in vitro systems. Moreover, our results open the possibility of employing similar in vivo reverse genetic approaches for the generation of other viruses and, therefore, change the way we will use reverse genetics in the future.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- DNA, Complementary/immunology
- DNA, Viral/genetics
- DNA, Viral/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Genetic Vectors/administration & dosage
- Male
- Mice
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/genetics
- Reverse Genetics
- Vaccines, Attenuated/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Attenuated/immunology
- Vero Cells
- Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Viral Vaccines/immunology
- Viremia/genetics
- Viremia/immunology
- Viremia/prevention & control
- Zika Virus/genetics
- Zika Virus/immunology
- Zika Virus Infection/genetics
- Zika Virus Infection/immunology
- Zika Virus Infection/prevention & control
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Affiliation(s)
- Gines Ávila-Pérez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
| | - Aitor Nogales
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
- Center for Animal Health Research, INIA-CISA, 28130, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jun-Gyu Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
| | - Desarey Morales Vasquez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
| | - David A Dean
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
| | - Michael Barravecchia
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
| | - Daniel R Perez
- Department of Population Health, Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, University of Georgia, Georgia, USA
| | - Fernando Almazán
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), 3 Darwin street, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Luis Martínez-Sobrido
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA.
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104
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Abstract
Humoral immunity is an essential component of the protective immune response to flavivirus infection. Typically, primary infection generates a robust neutralizing antibody response that mediates viral control and protection. It is becoming increasingly apparent that secondary infection with a closely related flavivirus strain can result in immunological cross-reactivity; however, the consequences to infection outcome remain controversial. Since its introduction to Brazil in 2015, Zika virus (ZIKV) has caused an epidemic of fetal congenital malformations within the Americas. Because ZIKV is a mosquito-borne flavivirus with a high degree of sequence and structural homology to Dengue virus (DENV), the role of immunological cross-reactivity in ZIKV and DENV infections has become a great concern. In this review, we highlight contemporary findings that implicate a role for flavivirus antibodies in mediating protection, contributing to pathogenesis, and seeding the human placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Zimmerman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Jens Wrammert
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Mehul S Suthar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
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105
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Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted flavivirus that caused a public health emergency in the Americas when an outbreak in Brazil became linked to congenital microcephaly. Understanding how ZIKV could evade the innate immune defenses of the mother, placenta, and fetus has become central to determining how the virus can traffic into the fetal brain. ZIKV, like other flaviviruses, evades host innate immune responses by leveraging viral proteins and other processes that occur during viral replication to allow spread to the placenta. Within the placenta, there are diverse cell types with coreceptors for ZIKV entry, creating an opportunity for the virus to establish a reservoir for replication and infect the fetus. The fetal brain is vulnerable to ZIKV, particularly during the first trimester, when it is beginning a dynamic process, to form highly complex and specialized regions orchestrated by neuroprogenitor cells. In this review, we provide a conceptual framework to understand the different routes for viral trafficking into the fetal brain and the eye, which are most likely to occur early and later in pregnancy. Based on the injury profile in human and nonhuman primates, ZIKV entry into the fetal brain likely occurs across both the blood/cerebrospinal fluid barrier in the choroid plexus and the blood/brain barrier. ZIKV can also enter the eye by trafficking across the blood/retinal barrier. Ultimately, the efficient escape of innate immune defenses by ZIKV is a key factor leading to viral infection. However, the host immune response against ZIKV can lead to injury and perturbations in developmental programs that drive cellular division, migration, and brain growth. The combined effect of innate immune evasion to facilitate viral propagation and the maternal/placental/fetal immune response to control the infection will determine the extent to which ZIKV can injure the fetal brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branden R. Nelson
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
- Address correspondence to: Branden R. Nelson, Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 9 Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101
| | - Justin A. Roby
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - William B. Dobyns
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lakshmi Rajagopal
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael Gale
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Prof. Michael Gale Jr., Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Box 35809, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Kristina M. Adams Waldorf
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Prof. Kristina M. Adams Waldorf, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, 750 Republican Street, Box 358070, Seattle, WA 98109
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106
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Ávila-Pérez G, Nogales A, Park JG, Márquez-Jurado S, Iborra FJ, Almazan F, Martínez-Sobrido L. A natural polymorphism in Zika virus NS2A protein responsible of virulence in mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19968. [PMID: 31882898 PMCID: PMC6934710 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56291-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is currently one of the major concerns in human public health due to its association with neurological disorders. Intensive effort has been implemented for the treatment of ZIKV, however there are not currently approved vaccines or antivirals available to combat ZIKV infection. In this sense, the identification of virulence factors associated with changes in ZIKV virulence could help to develop safe and effective countermeasures to treat ZIKV or to prevent future outbreaks. Here, we have compared the virulence of two related ZIKV strains from the recent outbreak in Brazil (2015), Rio Grande do Norte Natal (RGN) and Paraiba. In spite of both viruses being identified in the same period of time and region, significant differences in virulence and replication were observed using a validated mouse model of ZIKV infection. While ZIKV-RGN has a 50% mouse lethal dose (MLD50) of ~105 focus forming units (FFUs), ZIKV-Paraiba infection resulted in 100% of lethality with less than 10 FFUs. Combining deep-sequencing analysis and our previously described infectious ZIKV-RGN cDNA clone, we identified a natural polymorphism in the non-structural protein 2 A (NS2A) that increase the virulence of ZIKV. Moreover, results demonstrate that the single amino acid alanine to valine substitution at position 117 (A117V) in the NS2A was sufficient to convert the attenuated rZIKV-RGN in a virulent Paraiba-like virus (MLD50 < 10 FFU). The mechanism of action was also evaluated and data indicate that substitution A117V in ZIKV NS2A protein reduces host innate immune responses and viral-induced apoptosis in vitro. Therefore, amino acid substitution A117V in ZIKV NS2A could be used as a genetic risk-assessment marker for future ZIKV outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gines Ávila-Pérez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
| | - Aitor Nogales
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
- Center for Animal Health Research, INIA-CISA, 28130, Valdeolmos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jun-Gyu Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA
| | - Silvia Márquez-Jurado
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Universidad Autonóma de Madrid, 3 Darwin Street, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Iborra
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Universidad Autonóma de Madrid, 3 Darwin Street, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Almazan
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Universidad Autonóma de Madrid, 3 Darwin Street, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Luis Martínez-Sobrido
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, New York, 14642, USA.
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Perng GC, Ho TC, Shih HI, Lee CH, Huang PW, Chung CH, Ko NY, Ko WC, Chien YW. Seroprevalence of Zika and Dengue Virus Antibodies among Migrant Workers, Taiwan, 2017. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:814-816. [PMID: 30882327 PMCID: PMC6433042 DOI: 10.3201/eid2504.181449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A serosurvey of 600 workers newly arrived in Taiwan from 4 Southeast Asia countries showed that 18 (3%) were positive for Zika virus IgM; 6 (1%) fulfilled the World Health Organization criteria for laboratory-confirmed recent Zika virus infection. The incidence of Zika virus infection in Southeast Asia might be underestimated.
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108
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Matheus S, Talla C, Labeau B, de Laval F, Briolant S, Berthelot L, Vray M, Rousset D. Performance of 2 Commercial Serologic Tests for Diagnosing Zika Virus Infection. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:1153-1160. [PMID: 31107211 PMCID: PMC6537740 DOI: 10.3201/eid2506.180361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reliable serologic tests are needed for diagnosis and surveillance of Zika virus infection. We evaluated the Euroimmun and Dia.Pro serologic tests for detection of Zika virus IgM and IgG by using a panel of 199 samples from a region endemic for flaviviruses. Kinetics of Zika virus antibodies were monitored from 300 sequential specimens sampled over a period of 10 months after infection. We observed suboptimal performance; sensitivity for Zika virus IgM was low, especially in the Euroimmun assay (49%), whereas IgM could be detected for months with the Dia.pro assay. The specificity of the Zika virus IgG assays was also low, especially that of Dia.Pro (62%); findings were strongly influenced by the epidemiologic context. These results highlight the complexity of serologic diagnosis of Zika virus infection in regions endemic for flaviviruses. Accurate analysis of the performance of assays is required to adapt and interpret algorithms.
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109
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Lin JY, Kuo RL, Huang HI. Activation of type I interferon antiviral response in human neural stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:387. [PMID: 31843025 PMCID: PMC6916114 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1521-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neural stem cells (NSCs) residing in the central nervous system play an important role in neurogenesis. Several viruses can infect these neural progenitors and cause severe neurological diseases. The innate immune responses against the neurotropic viruses in these tissue-specific stem cells remain unclear. METHODS Human NSCs were transfected with viral RNA mimics or infected with neurotropic virus for detecting the expression of antiviral interferons (IFNs) and downstream IFN-stimulated antiviral genes. RESULTS NSCs are able to produce interferon-β (IFN-β) (type I) and λ1 (type III) after transfection with poly(I:C) and that downstream IFN-stimulated antiviral genes, such as ISG56 and MxA, and the viral RNA sensors RIG-I, MDA5, and TLR3, can be expressed in NSCs under poly(I:C) or IFN-β stimulation. In addition, our results show that the pattern recognition receptors RIG-I and MDA5, as well as the endosomal pathogen recognition receptor TLR3, but not TLR7 and TLR8, are involved in the activation of IFN-β transcription in NSCs. Furthermore, NSCs infected with the neurotropic viruses, Zika and Japanese encephalitis viruses, are able to induce RIG-I-mediated IFN-β expression. CONCLUSION Human NSCs have the ability to activate IFN signals against neurotropic viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhao-Yin Lin
- Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Rei-Lin Kuo
- Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-I Huang
- Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
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110
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Zimmerman MG, Bowen JR, McDonald CE, Young E, Baric RS, Pulendran B, Suthar MS. STAT5: a Target of Antagonism by Neurotropic Flaviviruses. J Virol 2019; 93:e00665-19. [PMID: 31534033 PMCID: PMC6854481 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00665-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses are a diverse group of arthropod-borne viruses responsible for numerous significant public health threats; therefore, understanding the interactions between these viruses and the human immune response remains vital. West Nile virus (WNV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) infect human dendritic cells (DCs) and can block antiviral immune responses in DCs. Previously, we used mRNA sequencing and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) to define molecular signatures of antiviral DC responses following activation of innate immune signaling (RIG-I, MDA5, or type I interferon [IFN] signaling) or infection with WNV. Using this approach, we found that several genes involved in T cell cosignaling and antigen processing were not enriched in DCs during WNV infection. Using cis-regulatory sequence analysis, STAT5 was identified as a regulator of DC activation and immune responses downstream of innate immune signaling that was not activated during either WNV or ZIKV infection. Mechanistically, WNV and ZIKV actively blocked STAT5 phosphorylation downstream of RIG-I, IFN-β, and interleukin-4 (IL-4), but not granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), signaling. Unexpectedly, dengue virus serotypes 1 to 4 (DENV1 to DENV4) and the yellow fever 17D vaccine strain (YFV-17D) did not antagonize STAT5 phosphorylation. In contrast to WNV, ZIKV inhibited JAK1 and TYK2 phosphorylation following type I IFN treatment, suggesting divergent mechanisms used by these viruses to inhibit STAT5 activation. Combined, these findings identify STAT5 as a target of antagonism by specific pathogenic flaviviruses to subvert the immune response in infected DCs.IMPORTANCE Flaviviruses are a diverse group of insect-borne viruses responsible for numerous significant public health threats. Previously, we used a computational biology approach to define molecular signatures of antiviral DC responses following activation of innate immune signaling or infection with West Nile virus (WNV). In this work, we identify STAT5 as a regulator of DC activation and antiviral immune responses downstream of innate immune signaling that was not activated during either WNV or Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. WNV and ZIKV actively blocked STAT5 phosphorylation downstream of RIG-I, IFN-β, and IL-4, but not GM-CSF, signaling. However, other related flaviviruses, dengue virus serotypes 1 to 4 and the yellow fever 17D vaccine strain, did not antagonize STAT5 phosphorylation. Mechanistically, WNV and ZIKV showed differential inhibition of Jak kinases upstream of STAT5, suggesting divergent countermeasures to inhibit STAT5 activation. Combined, these findings identify STAT5 as a target of antagonism by specific pathogenic flaviviruses to subvert antiviral immune responses in human DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Zimmerman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James R Bowen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Circe E McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ellen Young
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bali Pulendran
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mehul S Suthar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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111
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Counotte MJ, Althaus CL, Low N, Riou J. Impact of age-specific immunity on the timing and burden of the next Zika virus outbreak. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007978. [PMID: 31877200 PMCID: PMC6948816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2015-2017 epidemics of Zika virus (ZIKV) in the Americas caused widespread infection, followed by protective immunity. The timing and burden of the next Zika virus outbreak remains unclear. We used an agent-based model to simulate the dynamics of age-specific immunity to ZIKV, and predict the future age-specific risk using data from Managua, Nicaragua. We also investigated the potential impact of a ZIKV vaccine. Assuming lifelong immunity, the risk of a ZIKV outbreak will remain low until 2035 and rise above 50% in 2047. The imbalance in age-specific immunity implies that people in the 15-29 age range will be at highest risk of infection during the next ZIKV outbreak, increasing the expected number of congenital abnormalities. ZIKV vaccine development and licensure are urgent to attain the maximum benefit in reducing the population-level risk of infection and the risk of adverse congenital outcomes. This urgency increases if immunity is not lifelong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel J. Counotte
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christian L. Althaus
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Low
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julien Riou
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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112
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Grubor-Bauk B, Wijesundara DK, Masavuli M, Abbink P, Peterson RL, Prow NA, Larocca RA, Mekonnen ZA, Shrestha A, Eyre NS, Beard MR, Gummow J, Carr J, Robertson SA, Hayball JD, Barouch DH, Gowans EJ. NS1 DNA vaccination protects against Zika infection through T cell-mediated immunity in immunocompetent mice. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaax2388. [PMID: 31844662 PMCID: PMC6905874 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax2388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The causal association of Zika virus (ZIKV) with microcephaly, congenital malformations in infants, and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults highlights the need for effective vaccines. Thus far, efforts to develop ZIKV vaccines have focused on the viral envelope. ZIKV NS1 as a vaccine immunogen has not been fully explored, although it can circumvent the risk of antibody-dependent enhancement of ZIKV infection, associated with envelope antibodies. Here, we describe a novel DNA vaccine encoding a secreted ZIKV NS1, that confers rapid protection from systemic ZIKV infection in immunocompetent mice. We identify novel NS1 T cell epitopes in vivo and show that functional NS1-specific T cell responses are critical for protection against ZIKV infection. We demonstrate that vaccine-induced anti-NS1 antibodies fail to confer protection in the absence of a functional T cell response. This highlights the importance of using NS1 as a target for T cell-based ZIKV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Grubor-Bauk
- Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide and Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Corresponding author.
| | - D. K. Wijesundara
- Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide and Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - M. Masavuli
- Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide and Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - P. Abbink
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - R. L. Peterson
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - N. A. Prow
- Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Cancer Research Institute, School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4029, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - R. A. Larocca
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Z. A. Mekonnen
- Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide and Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - A. Shrestha
- Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide and Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - N. S. Eyre
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - M. R. Beard
- Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - J. Gummow
- Gene Silencing and Expression Core Facility, Adelaide Health and Medical Sciences, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - J. Carr
- Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - S. A. Robertson
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - J. D. Hayball
- Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Cancer Research Institute, School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - D. H. Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - E. J. Gowans
- Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide and Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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113
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Tan MJA, Chan KWK, Ng IHW, Kong SYZ, Gwee CP, Watanabe S, Vasudevan SG. The Potential Role of the ZIKV NS5 Nuclear Spherical-Shell Structures in Cell Type-Specific Host Immune Modulation during ZIKV Infection. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121519. [PMID: 31779251 PMCID: PMC6953166 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Zika virus (ZIKV) non-structural protein 5 (NS5) plays multiple viral and cellular roles during infection, with its primary role in virus RNA replication taking place in the cytoplasm. However, immunofluorescence assay studies have detected the presence of ZIKV NS5 in unique spherical shell-like structures in the nuclei of infected cells, suggesting potentially important cellular roles of ZIKV NS5 in the nucleus. Hence ZIKV NS5′s subcellular distribution and localization must be tightly regulated during ZIKV infection. Both ZIKV NS5 expression or ZIKV infection antagonizes type I interferon signaling, and induces a pro-inflammatory transcriptional response in a cell type-specific manner, but the mechanisms involved and the role of nuclear ZIKV NS5 in these cellular functions has not been elucidated. Intriguingly, these cells originate from the brain and placenta, which are also organs that exhibit a pro-inflammatory signature and are known sites of pathogenesis during ZIKV infection in animal models and humans. Here, we discuss the regulation of the subcellular localization of the ZIKV NS5 protein, and its putative role in the induction of an inflammatory response and the occurrence of pathology in specific organs during ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jie Alvin Tan
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Kitti Wing Ki Chan
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Ivan H. W. Ng
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Sean Yao Zu Kong
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Chin Piaw Gwee
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Satoru Watanabe
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Subhash G. Vasudevan
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 4022, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-6516-6718
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114
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Versiani AF, Rocha RP, Mendes TAO, Pereira GC, Coelho dos Reis JGA, Bartholomeu DC, da Fonseca FG. Identification of B-Cell Epitopes with Potential to Serologicaly Discrimnate Dengue from Zika Infections. Viruses 2019; 11:E1079. [PMID: 31752352 PMCID: PMC6893796 DOI: 10.3390/v11111079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is currently one of the most important arbovirus infections worldwide. Early diagnosis is important for disease outcome, particularly for those afflicted with the severe forms of infection. The goal of this work was to identify conserved and polymorphic linear B-cell Dengue virus (DENV) epitopes that could be used for diagnostic purposes. To this end, we aligned the predicted viral proteome of the four DENV serotype and performed in silico B-cell epitope mapping. We developed a script in Perl integrating alignment and prediction information to identify potential serotype-specific epitopes. We excluded epitopes that were similarly present in the yellow fever and zika viruses' proteomes. A total of 15 polymorphic and nine conserved peptides among DENV serotypes were selected. Peptides were spotted on cellulose membranes and tested against sera from rabbits that were monoinfected with each DENV serotype. Although serotype-specific peptides failed to recognize any sera, three conserved peptides were recognized by all anti-dengue sera and were included on an ELISA test employing a well-characterized human sera bank. Of the three peptides, one was able to efficiently identify sera from all four DENV serotypes and to discriminate them from Zika virus positive sera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice F. Versiani
- Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (A.F.V.); (R.P.R.); (J.G.A.C.d.R.)
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, Brazil
| | - Raissa Prado Rocha
- Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (A.F.V.); (R.P.R.); (J.G.A.C.d.R.)
| | - Tiago A. O. Mendes
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Genômica de Parasitos, Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (T.A.O.M.); (D.C.B.)
| | | | - Jordana Graziella A. Coelho dos Reis
- Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (A.F.V.); (R.P.R.); (J.G.A.C.d.R.)
| | - Daniella C. Bartholomeu
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Genômica de Parasitos, Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (T.A.O.M.); (D.C.B.)
| | - Flávio G. da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil; (A.F.V.); (R.P.R.); (J.G.A.C.d.R.)
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115
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Metz SW, Thomas A, Brackbill A, Forsberg J, Miley MJ, Lopez CA, Lazear HM, Tian S, de Silva AM. Oligomeric state of the ZIKV E protein defines protective immune responses. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4606. [PMID: 31601808 PMCID: PMC6787251 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12677-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The current leading Zika vaccine candidates in clinical testing are based on live or killed virus platforms, which have safety issues, especially in pregnant women. Zika subunit vaccines, however, have shown poor performance in preclinical studies, most likely because the antigens tested do not display critical quaternary structure epitopes present on Zika E protein homodimers that cover the surface of the virus. Here, we produce stable recombinant E protein homodimers that are recognized by strongly neutralizing Zika specific monoclonal antibodies. In mice, the dimeric antigen stimulate strongly neutralizing antibodies that target epitopes that are similar to epitopes recognized by human antibodies following natural Zika virus infection. The monomer antigen stimulates low levels of E-domain III targeting neutralizing antibodies. In a Zika challenge model, only E dimer antigen stimulates protective antibodies, not the monomer. These results highlight the importance of mimicking the highly structured flavivirus surface when designing subunit vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan W Metz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Ashlie Thomas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alex Brackbill
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - John Forsberg
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michael J Miley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cesar A Lopez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Helen M Lazear
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Shaomin Tian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Aravinda M de Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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116
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Riedl W, Acharya D, Lee JH, Liu G, Serman T, Chiang C, Chan YK, Diamond MS, Gack MU. Zika Virus NS3 Mimics a Cellular 14-3-3-Binding Motif to Antagonize RIG-I- and MDA5-Mediated Innate Immunity. Cell Host Microbe 2019; 26:493-503.e6. [PMID: 31600501 PMCID: PMC6922055 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
14-3-3 protein family members facilitate the translocation of RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) to organelles that mediate downstream RLR signaling, leading to interferon production. 14-3-3ϵ promotes the cytosolic-to-mitochondrial translocation of RIG-I, while 14-3-3η facilitates MDA5 translocation to mitochondria. We show that the NS3 protein of Zika virus (ZIKV) antagonizes antiviral gene induction by RIG-I and MDA5 by binding to and sequestering the scaffold proteins 14-3-3ϵ and 14-3-3η. 14-3-3-binding is mediated by a negatively charged RLDP motif in NS3 that is conserved in ZIKV strains of African and Asian lineages and is similar to the one found in dengue and West Nile viruses. ZIKV NS3 is sufficient to inhibit the RLR-14-3-3ϵ/η interaction and to suppress antiviral signaling. Mutational perturbation of 14-3-3ϵ/η binding in a recombinant ZIKV leads to enhanced innate immune responses and impaired growth kinetics. Our study provides molecular understanding of immune evasion functions of ZIKV, which may guide vaccine and anti-flaviviral therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Riedl
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Dhiraj Acharya
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jung-Hyun Lee
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Guanqun Liu
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Taryn Serman
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Cindy Chiang
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ying Kai Chan
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Michaela U Gack
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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117
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Robbiani DF, Olsen PC, Costa F, Wang Q, Oliveira TY, Nery N, Aromolaran A, do Rosário MS, Sacramento GA, Cruz JS, Khouri R, Wunder EA, Mattos A, de Paula Freitas B, Sarno M, Archanjo G, Daltro D, Carvalho GBS, Pimentel K, de Siqueira IC, de Almeida JRM, Henriques DF, Lima JA, Vasconcelos PFC, Schaefer-Babajew D, Azzopardi SA, Bozzacco L, Gazumyan A, Belfort R, Alcântara AP, Carvalho G, Moreira L, Araujo K, Reis MG, Keesler RI, Coffey LL, Tisoncik-Go J, Gale M, Rajagopal L, Adams Waldorf KM, Dudley DM, Simmons HA, Mejia A, O'Connor DH, Steinbach RJ, Haese N, Smith J, Lewis A, Colgin L, Roberts V, Frias A, Kelleher M, Hirsch A, Streblow DN, Rice CM, MacDonald MR, de Almeida ARP, Van Rompay KKA, Ko AI, Nussenzweig MC. Risk of Zika microcephaly correlates with features of maternal antibodies. J Exp Med 2019; 216:2302-2315. [PMID: 31413072 PMCID: PMC6781003 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20191061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy causes congenital abnormalities, including microcephaly. However, rates vary widely, and the contributing risk factors remain unclear. We examined the serum antibody response to ZIKV and other flaviviruses in Brazilian women giving birth during the 2015-2016 outbreak. Infected pregnancies with intermediate or higher ZIKV antibody enhancement titers were at increased risk to give birth to microcephalic infants compared with those with lower titers (P < 0.0001). Similarly, analysis of ZIKV-infected pregnant macaques revealed that fetal brain damage was more frequent in mothers with higher enhancement titers. Thus, features of the maternal antibodies are associated with and may contribute to the genesis of ZIKV-associated microcephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide F Robbiani
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Priscilla C Olsen
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Federico Costa
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
- Faculdade de Medicina and Instituto da Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Qiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Thiago Y Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Nivison Nery
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Adeolu Aromolaran
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
| | - Mateus S do Rosário
- Hospital Geral Roberto Santos, Secretária da Saúde do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Jaqueline S Cruz
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Khouri
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Elsio A Wunder
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
| | - Adriana Mattos
- Hospital Geral Roberto Santos, Secretária da Saúde do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bruno de Paula Freitas
- Hospital Geral Roberto Santos, Secretária da Saúde do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manoel Sarno
- Faculdade de Medicina and Instituto da Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Gracinda Archanjo
- Hospital Geral Roberto Santos, Secretária da Saúde do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Dina Daltro
- Hospital Geral Roberto Santos, Secretária da Saúde do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Gustavo B S Carvalho
- Hospital Geral Roberto Santos, Secretária da Saúde do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Kleber Pimentel
- Hospital Geral Roberto Santos, Secretária da Saúde do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - João R M de Almeida
- Faculdade de Medicina and Instituto da Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana A Lima
- Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ministério da Saúde Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Stephanie A Azzopardi
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Leonia Bozzacco
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Anna Gazumyan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mitermayer G Reis
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
- Faculdade de Medicina and Instituto da Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Rebekah I Keesler
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Lark L Coffey
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Jennifer Tisoncik-Go
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Michael Gale
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Lakshmi Rajagopal
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA
| | - Kristina M Adams Waldorf
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Dawn M Dudley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Heather A Simmons
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Andres Mejia
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - David H O'Connor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Rosemary J Steinbach
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR
| | - Nicole Haese
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Jessica Smith
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Anne Lewis
- Pathology Services Unit, Division of Comparative Medicine, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR
| | - Lois Colgin
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR
| | - Victoria Roberts
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR
| | - Antonio Frias
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Meredith Kelleher
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR
| | - Alec Hirsch
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Daniel N Streblow
- Division of Pathobiology and Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Charles M Rice
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Margaret R MacDonald
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Antonio R P de Almeida
- Faculdade de Medicina and Instituto da Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Koen K A Van Rompay
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Albert I Ko
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT
| | - Michel C Nussenzweig
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
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118
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Ximenes RADA, Miranda-Filho DDB, Brickley EB, Montarroyos UR, Martelli CMT, de Araújo TVB, Rodrigues LC, de Albuquerque MDFPM, de Souza WV, Castanha PMDS, França RFO, Dhália R, Marques ETA. Zika virus infection in pregnancy: Establishing a case definition for clinical research on pregnant women with rash in an active transmission setting. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007763. [PMID: 31589611 PMCID: PMC6797234 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Defining cases of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is a critical challenge for epidemiological research. Due to ZIKV’s overlapping clinical features and potential immunologic cross-reactivity with other flaviviruses and the current lack of an optimal ZIKV-specific diagnostic assay, varying approaches for identifying ZIKV infections have been employed to date. This paper presents the laboratory results and diagnostic criteria developed by the Microcephaly Epidemic Research Group for defining cases of maternal ZIKV infection in a cohort of pregnant women with rash (N = 694) recruited during the declining 2015–2017 epidemic in northeast Brazil. For this investigation, we tested maternal sera for ZIKV by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG3 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), and Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT50). Overall, 23.8% of participants tested positive by qRT-PCR during pregnancy (range of detection: 0–72 days after rash onset). However, the inter-assay concordance was lower than expected. Among women with qRT-PCR-confirmed ZIKV and further testing, only 10.1% had positive IgM tests within 90 days of rash, and only 48.5% had ZIKV-specific PRNT50 titers ≥20 within 1 year of rash. Given the complexity of these data, we convened a panel of experts to propose an algorithm for identifying ZIKV infections in pregnancy based on all available lines of evidence. When the diagnostic algorithm was applied to the cohort, 26.9% of participants were classified as having robust evidence of a ZIKV infection during pregnancy, 4.0% as having moderate evidence, 13.3% as having limited evidence of a ZIKV infection but with uncertain timing, and 19.5% as having evidence of an unspecified flavivirus infection before or during pregnancy. Our findings suggest that integrating longitudinal data from nucleic acid and serologic testing may enhance diagnostic sensitivity and underscore the need for an on-going dialogue regarding the optimization of strategies for defining cases of ZIKV in research. On February 1, 2016, the World Health Organization declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern following a “cluster of microcephaly cases and other neurological disorders in Brazil” and highlighted the “urgent need” for coordinated international efforts to investigate the relationship between maternal Zika virus (ZIKV) infections and microcephaly. Due to the lack of a standard algorithm, resultant epidemiological investigations have utilized different strategies for defining cases of ZIKV infections in pregnancy. Here, we report the experience of the Microcephaly Epidemic Research Group in Pernambuco, Brazil, in evaluating 694 pregnant women presenting with rash (i.e., a common sign of ZIKV infection) during the 2015–2017 Latin American outbreak. Integrating time-sensitive data from both nucleic acid amplification testing and serologic assays, a panel of experts developed an evidence-graded set of criteria for identifying cases of maternal infection. When applied to the cohort, nearly one-third of the participants were categorized as having robust or moderate evidence of being infected with ZIKV in pregnancy. The classifications described in this investigation will enable scientists to investigate maternal ZIKV infection and estimate the absolute and relative risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The results also underscore the importance of on-going efforts to develop robust diagnostic assays for ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Arraes de Alencar Ximenes
- Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Elizabeth B. Brickley
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Laura C. Rodrigues
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Priscila Mayrelle da Silva Castanha
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, PE, Brasil
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | | | - Rafael Dhália
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Ernesto T. A. Marques
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, PE, Brasil
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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119
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Beachboard DC, Park M, Vijayan M, Snider DL, Fernando DJ, Williams GD, Stanley S, McFadden MJ, Horner SM. The small GTPase RAB1B promotes antiviral innate immunity by interacting with TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3). J Biol Chem 2019; 294:14231-14240. [PMID: 31375559 PMCID: PMC6768648 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune detection of viral nucleic acids during viral infection activates a signaling cascade that induces type I and type III IFNs as well as other cytokines, to generate an antiviral response. This signaling is initiated by pattern recognition receptors, such as the RNA helicase retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), that sense viral RNA. These sensors then interact with the adaptor protein mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), which recruits additional signaling proteins, including TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) and TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), to form a signaling complex that activates IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) for transcriptional induction of type I IFNs. Here, using several immunological and biochemical approaches in multiple human cell types, we show that the GTPase-trafficking protein RAB1B up-regulates RIG-I pathway signaling and thereby promotes IFN-β induction and the antiviral response. We observed that RAB1B overexpression increases RIG-I-mediated signaling to IFN-β and that RAB1B deletion reduces signaling of this pathway. Additionally, loss of RAB1B dampened the antiviral response, indicated by enhanced Zika virus infection of cells depleted of RAB1B. Importantly, we identified the mechanism of RAB1B action in the antiviral response, finding that it forms a protein complex with TRAF3 to facilitate the interaction of TRAF3 with mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein. We conclude that RAB1B regulates TRAF3 and promotes the formation of innate immune signaling complexes in response to nucleic acid sensing during RNA virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dia C Beachboard
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Moonhee Park
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Madhuvanthi Vijayan
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Daltry L Snider
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Dillon J Fernando
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Graham D Williams
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Sydney Stanley
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Michael J McFadden
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Stacy M Horner
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
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120
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Pérez-Guzmán EX, Pantoja P, Serrano-Collazo C, Hassert MA, Ortiz-Rosa A, Rodríguez IV, Giavedoni L, Hodara V, Parodi L, Cruz L, Arana T, White LJ, Martínez MI, Weiskopf D, Brien JD, de Silva A, Pinto AK, Sariol CA. Time elapsed between Zika and dengue virus infections affects antibody and T cell responses. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4316. [PMID: 31541110 PMCID: PMC6754404 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12295-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) are co-endemic in many parts of the world, but the impact of ZIKV infection on subsequent DENV infection is not well understood. Here we show in rhesus macaques that the time elapsed after ZIKV infection affects the immune response to DENV infection. We show that previous ZIKV exposure increases the magnitude of the antibody and T cell responses against DENV. The time interval between ZIKV and subsequent DENV infection further affects the immune response. A mid-convalescent period of 10 months after ZIKV infection results in higher and more durable antibody and T cell responses to DENV infection than a short period of 2 months. In contrast, previous ZIKV infection does not affect DENV viremia or pro-inflammatory status. Collectively, we find no evidence of a detrimental effect of ZIKV immunity in a subsequent DENV infection. This supports the implementation of ZIKV vaccines that could also boost immunity against future DENV epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick X Pérez-Guzmán
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
- Takeda Vaccines Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Petraleigh Pantoja
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, Caribbean Primate Research Center and Animal Resources Center, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Crisanta Serrano-Collazo
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Mariah A Hassert
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alexandra Ortiz-Rosa
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico-Río Piedras Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Idia V Rodríguez
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, Caribbean Primate Research Center and Animal Resources Center, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Luis Giavedoni
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Vida Hodara
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Laura Parodi
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Lorna Cruz
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, Caribbean Primate Research Center and Animal Resources Center, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Teresa Arana
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, Caribbean Primate Research Center and Animal Resources Center, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Laura J White
- Departments of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Melween I Martínez
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, Caribbean Primate Research Center and Animal Resources Center, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Daniela Weiskopf
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - James D Brien
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aravinda de Silva
- Departments of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Amelia K Pinto
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carlos A Sariol
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA.
- Unit of Comparative Medicine, Caribbean Primate Research Center and Animal Resources Center, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, 00936, PR, USA.
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121
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Sornjai W, Ramphan S, Wikan N, Auewarakul P, Smith DR. High correlation between Zika virus NS1 antibodies and neutralizing antibodies in selected serum samples from normal healthy Thais. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13498. [PMID: 31534148 PMCID: PMC6751300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49569-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the widespread presence of the mosquito transmitted Zika virus (ZIKV) over much of Southeast Asia, the number of reported cases remains low. One possibility is that residents in Southeast Asia are immunologically protected, although the nature of any such protection remains unclear. This study sought to investigate the presence of antibodies directed to ZIKV NS1 protein in a selected sub-set of samples from a well characterized cohort of serum samples from normal, healthy Thais that had been previously characterized for the presence of neutralizing antibodies to ZIKV, DENV 1-4, and JEV. Because of similarities in molecular weight between the flavivirus E and NS1 proteins, an immunoblot system was established in which the NS1 antigen was not denatured, allowing detection of the dimer form of NS1, distinctly clear from the migration position of the E and NS1 monomer proteins. The results showed that antibodies to ZIKV NS1 protein were only detected in samples with ZIKV neutralizing antibodies (27/30 samples), and no sample (0/30) with a ZIKV plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT)90 < 20 showed evidence of anti-ZIKV NS1 antibodies. The high correlation between the presence of ZIKV NS1 antibodies and ZIKV PRNT suggests that immunological protection against ZIKV infection in Thailand arises from prior exposure to ZIKV, and not through cross neutralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wannapa Sornjai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - Suwipa Ramphan
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - Nitwara Wikan
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - Prasert Auewarakul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Duncan R Smith
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand.
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122
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Mascini M, Dikici E, Robles Mañueco M, Perez-Erviti JA, Deo SK, Compagnone D, Wang J, Pingarrón JM, Daunert S. Computationally Designed Peptides for Zika Virus Detection: An Incremental Construction Approach. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090498. [PMID: 31533374 PMCID: PMC6770336 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, and in contrast to current production of anti-Zika virus antibodies, we propose a semi-combinatorial virtual strategy to select short peptides as biomimetic antibodies/binding agents for the detection of intact Zika virus (ZIKV) particles. The virtual approach was based on generating different docking cycles of tetra, penta, hexa, and heptapeptide libraries by maximizing the discrimination between the amino acid motif in the ZIKV and dengue virus (DENV) envelope protein glycosylation site. Eight peptides, two for each length (tetra, penta, hexa, and heptapeptide) were then synthesized and tested vs. intact ZIKV particles by using a direct enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). As a reference, we employed a well-established anti-ZIKV antibody, the antibody 4G2. Three peptide-based assays had good detection limits with dynamic range starting from 105 copies/mL of intact ZIKV particles; this was one order magnitude lower than the other peptides or antibodies. These three peptides showed slight cross-reactivity against the three serotypes of DENV (DENV-1, -2, and -3) at a concentration of 106 copies/mL of intact virus particles, but the discrimination between the DENV and ZIKV was lost when the coating concentration was increased to 107 copies/mL of the virus. The sensitivity of the peptides was tested in the presence of two biological matrices, serum and urine diluted 1:10 and 1:1, respectively. The detection limits decreased about one order of magnitude for ZIKV detection in serum or urine, albeit still having for two of the three peptides tested a distinct analytical signal starting from 106 copies/mL, the concentration of ZIKV in acute infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Mascini
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Emre Dikici
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
- Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Marta Robles Mañueco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Julio A Perez-Erviti
- Center for Protein Studies, Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, Havana 10400, Cuba.
| | - Sapna K Deo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
- Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Dario Compagnone
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - José M Pingarrón
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sylvia Daunert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
- Dr. JT Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
- University of Miami Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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Maness NJ, Schouest B, Singapuri A, Dennis M, Gilbert MH, Bohm RP, Schiro F, Aye PP, Baker K, Van Rompay KKA, Lackner AA, Bonaldo MC, Blair RV, Permar SR, Coffey LL, Panganiban AT, Magnani D. Postnatal Zika virus infection of nonhuman primate infants born to mothers infected with homologous Brazilian Zika virus. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12802. [PMID: 31488856 PMCID: PMC6728326 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49209-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent data in a nonhuman primate model showed that infants postnatally infected with Zika virus (ZIKV) were acutely susceptible to high viremia and neurological damage, suggesting the window of vulnerability extends beyond gestation. In this pilot study, we addressed the susceptibility of two infant rhesus macaques born healthy to dams infected with Zika virus during pregnancy. Passively acquired neutralizing antibody titers dropped below detection limits between 2 and 3 months of age, while binding antibodies remained detectable until viral infection at 5 months. Acute serum viremia was comparatively lower than adults infected with the same Brazilian isolate of ZIKV (n = 11 pregnant females, 4 males, and 4 non-pregnant females). Virus was never detected in cerebrospinal fluid nor in neural tissues at necropsy two weeks after infection. However, viral RNA was detected in lymph nodes, confirming some tissue dissemination. Though protection was not absolute and our study lacks an important comparison with postnatally infected infants born to naïve dams, our data suggest infants born healthy to infected mothers may harbor a modest but important level of protection from postnatally acquired ZIKV for several months after birth, an encouraging result given the potentially severe infection outcomes of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Maness
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA.
| | - Blake Schouest
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Training Program, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Anil Singapuri
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Maria Dennis
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Margaret H Gilbert
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Rudolf P Bohm
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Faith Schiro
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Pyone P Aye
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Kate Baker
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Koen K A Van Rompay
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Andrew A Lackner
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Myrna C Bonaldo
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Robert V Blair
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Sallie R Permar
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lark L Coffey
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Antonito T Panganiban
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Diogo Magnani
- MassBiologics of the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Denis J, Attoumani S, Gravier P, Tenebray B, Garnier A, Briolant S, de Laval F, Chastres V, Grard G, Leparc-Goffart I, Coutard B, Badaut C. High specificity and sensitivity of Zika EDIII-based ELISA diagnosis highlighted by a large human reference panel. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007747. [PMID: 31539394 PMCID: PMC6774568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zika virus (ZIKV) and Dengue virus (DENV) are often co-endemic. The high protein-sequence homology of flaviviruses renders IgG induced by and directed against them highly cross-reactive against their antigen(s), as observed on a large set of sera, leading to poorly reliable sero-diagnosis. METHODS We selected Domain III of the ZIKV Envelope (ZEDIII) sequence, which is virus specific. This recombinant domain was expressed and purified for the specific detection of ZEDIII-induced IgG by ELISA from ZIKV-RT-PCR-positive, ZIKV-IgM-positive, flavivirus-positive but ZIKV-negative, or flavivirus-negative sera. We also assessed the reactivity of ZEDIII-specific human antibodies against EDIII of DENV serotype 4 (D4EDIII) as a specific control. Sera from ZEDIII-immunized mice were also tested. RESULTS Cross-reactivity of IgG from 5,600 sera against total inactivated DENV or ZIKV was high (71.0% [69.1; 72.2]), whereas the specificity and sensitivity calculated using a representative cohort (242 sera) reached 90% [84.0; 95.8] and 92% [84.5; 99.5], respectively, using a ZEDIII-based ELISA. Moreover, purified human IgG against D2EDIII or D4EDIII did not bind to ZEDIII and we observed no D4EDIII reactivity with ZIKV-induced mouse polyclonal IgGs. CONCLUSIONS We developed a ZEDIII-based ELISA that can discriminate between past or current DENV and ZIKV infections, allowing the detection of a serological scar from other flaviviruses. This could be used to confirm exposure of pregnant women or to follow the spread of an endemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Denis
- Unité de Biothérapies anti-Infectieuses et Immunité, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 1 place du Général Valérie André BP73, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
- Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Unité d’Arbovirologie HIA Laveran, Marseille, France
| | - Sarah Attoumani
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, AFMB UMR 7257, Aix Marseille Université/CNRS – Case 932 163, Avenue de Luminy Marseille, France
- Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ – IRD 190 – Inserm 1207 – IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Gravier
- Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Unité d’Arbovirologie HIA Laveran, Marseille, France
- Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ – IRD 190 – Inserm 1207 – IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Tenebray
- Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Unité d’Arbovirologie HIA Laveran, Marseille, France
- Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ – IRD 190 – Inserm 1207 – IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France
| | - Annabelle Garnier
- Unité de Biothérapies anti-Infectieuses et Immunité, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 1 place du Général Valérie André BP73, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
| | - Sébastien Briolant
- Unité de Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, UMR vecteurs – Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), IHU – Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Franck de Laval
- Service de Santé des Armées, Centre d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Public des Armées, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, SESSTIM, Science Economique & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, Marseille, France
| | - Véronique Chastres
- Unité Perception, Département Neuroscience et Sciences Cognitives, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 1 place du Général Valérie André BP73, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Gilda Grard
- Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Unité d’Arbovirologie HIA Laveran, Marseille, France
- Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ – IRD 190 – Inserm 1207 – IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Leparc-Goffart
- Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Unité d’Arbovirologie HIA Laveran, Marseille, France
- Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ – IRD 190 – Inserm 1207 – IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Coutard
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, AFMB UMR 7257, Aix Marseille Université/CNRS – Case 932 163, Avenue de Luminy Marseille, France
- Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ – IRD 190 – Inserm 1207 – IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France
| | - Cyril Badaut
- Unité de Biothérapies anti-Infectieuses et Immunité, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 1 place du Général Valérie André BP73, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
- Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Unité d’Arbovirologie HIA Laveran, Marseille, France
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125
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Schwarz ER, Pozor MA, Pu R, Barr KL, Beachboard SE, MacLachlan NJ, Prakoso D, Long MT. Experimental Infection of Pregnant Female Sheep with Zika Virus During Early Gestation. Viruses 2019; 11:v11090795. [PMID: 31470560 PMCID: PMC6784126 DOI: 10.3390/v11090795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a vertically and sexually transmissible virus resulting in severe congenital malformation. The goal of this study was to develop an ovine model of ZIKV infection. Between 28–35 days gestation (DG), four pregnant animals were infected with two doses of 6 × 106 PFU of ZIKV; four control animals received PBS. Animals were evaluated for 45 days (D) post-infection (PI) and necropsies were performed. Viral RNA was detected in infected ewe peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) during the first week PI; however, all fluids and tissues were negative upon culture. Anti-ZIKV IgM (1:400) and neutralizing antibodies were detected in all infected animals. Clinical disease, virus, or ZIKV antibodies were not detected in control ewes. After two weeks PI, fetal loss occurred in two infected animals, and at necropsy, three infected animals had placental petechiation and ecchymosis and one had hydramnion. Fetal morphometrics revealed smaller cranial circumference to crown-rump length ratios (p < 0.001) and relative brain weights (p = 0.038) in fetuses of infected animals compared with control fetuses. Immunophenotyping indicated an increase in B cells (p = 0.012) in infected sheep. Additionally, in vitro experiments using both adult and fetal cell lines demonstrated that ovine cells are highly permissive to ZIKV infection. In conclusion, ZIKV infection of pregnant sheep results in a change in fetal growth and gestational outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika R Schwarz
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Malgorzata A Pozor
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ruiyu Pu
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Kelli L Barr
- Department of Biology, Colleges of Arts and Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Sarah E Beachboard
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - N James MacLachlan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Dhani Prakoso
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Maureen T Long
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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126
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Carletti T, Zakaria MK, Faoro V, Reale L, Kazungu Y, Licastro D, Marcello A. Viral priming of cell intrinsic innate antiviral signaling by the unfolded protein response. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3889. [PMID: 31467282 PMCID: PMC6715738 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11663-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate response to a pathogen is critical in determining the outcome of the infection. However, the interplay of different cellular responses that are activated following viral infection and their contribution to innate antiviral signalling has not been clearly established. This work shows that flaviviruses, including Dengue, Zika, West Nile and Tick-borne encephalitis viruses, activate the unfolded protein response before transcription of interferon regulatory factor 3 induced genes. Infection in conditions of unfolded protein response priming leads to early activation of innate antiviral responses and cell intrinsic inhibition of viral replication, which is interferon regulatory factor 3 dependent. These results demonstrate that the unfolded protein response is not only a physiological reaction of the cell to viral infection, but also synergizes with pattern recognition sensing to mount a potent antiviral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tea Carletti
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Mohammad Khalid Zakaria
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey, GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Faoro
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Laura Reale
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Yvette Kazungu
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro Marcello
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy.
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127
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Abstract
CD4 and CD8 T cells are an important part of the host's capacity to defend itself against viral infections. During flavivirus infections, T cells have been implicated in both protective and pathogenic responses. Given the recent emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) as a prominent global health threat, the question remains as to how T cells contribute to anti-ZIKV immunity. Furthermore, high homology between ZIKV and other, co-circulating flaviviruses opens the possibility of positive or negative effects of cross-reactivity due to pre-existing immunity. In this review, we will discuss the CD4 and CD8 T cell responses to ZIKV, and the lessons we have learned from both mouse and human infections. In addition, we will consider the possibility of whether T cells, in the context of flavivirus-naïve and flavivirus-immune subjects, play a role in promoting ZIKV pathogenesis during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Pardy
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Martin J Richer
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada.
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128
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Garber C, Soung A, Vollmer LL, Kanmogne M, Last A, Brown J, Klein RS. T cells promote microglia-mediated synaptic elimination and cognitive dysfunction during recovery from neuropathogenic flaviviruses. Nat Neurosci 2019; 22:1276-1288. [PMID: 31235930 PMCID: PMC6822175 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0427-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
T cells clear virus from the CNS and dynamically regulate brain functions, including spatial learning, through cytokine signaling. Here we determined whether hippocampal T cells that persist after recovery from infection with West Nile virus (WNV) or Zika virus (ZIKV) impact hippocampal-dependent learning and memory. Using newly established models of viral encephalitis recovery in adult animals, we show that in mice that have recovered from WNV or ZIKV infection, T cell-derived interferon-γ (IFN-γ) signaling in microglia underlies spatial-learning defects via virus-target-specific mechanisms. Following recovery from WNV infection, mice showed presynaptic termini elimination with lack of repair, while for ZIKV, mice showed extensive neuronal apoptosis with loss of postsynaptic termini. Accordingly, animals deficient in CD8+ T cells or IFN-γ signaling in microglia demonstrated protection against synapse elimination following WNV infection and decreased neuronal apoptosis with synapse recovery following ZIKV infection. Thus, T cell signaling to microglia drives post-infectious cognitive sequelae that are associated with emerging neurotropic flaviviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charise Garber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Allison Soung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lauren L Vollmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marlene Kanmogne
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aisling Last
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jasmine Brown
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robyn S Klein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
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129
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Bozza FA, Moreira-Soto A, Rockstroh A, Fischer C, Nascimento AD, Calheiros AS, Drosten C, Bozza PT, Souza TML, Ulbert S, Drexler JF. Differential Shedding and Antibody Kinetics of Zika and Chikungunya Viruses, Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:311-315. [PMID: 30666934 PMCID: PMC6346451 DOI: 10.3201/eid2502.180166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In seroconversion panels obtained from patients from Brazil, diagnostic testing for Zika virus infection was improved by combining multiple antibody isotypes, techniques, and antigens, but sensitivity remained suboptimal. In contrast, chikungunya virus diagnostic testing was unambiguous. Recurrent recent arbovirus infections suggested by serologic data and unspecific symptoms highlight the need for exhaustive virologic testing.
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130
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Griffin I, Martin SW, Fischer M, Chambers TV, Kosoy O, Falise A, Ponomareva O, Gillis LD, Blackmore C, Jean R. Zika Virus IgM Detection and Neutralizing Antibody Profiles 12-19 Months after Illness Onset. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:299-303. [PMID: 30666931 PMCID: PMC6346474 DOI: 10.3201/eid2502.181286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Data on the duration of detectable Zika virus–specific IgM in infected persons are limited. Neutralizing antibody cross-reactivity occurs between Zika virus and related flaviviruses, but the degree to which this confounds diagnosis is uncertain. We tested serum specimens collected 12–19 months after illness onset from patients with confirmed Zika virus disease for Zika virus IgM and Zika virus and dengue virus neutralizing antibodies. Among 62 participants, 45 (73%) had detectable Zika virus IgM and 12 (19%) had an equivocal result. Although all patients tested had Zika virus neutralizing antibodies, 39 (63%) also had neutralizing antibodies against dengue virus; of those, 12 (19%) had <4-fold difference between Zika virus and dengue virus titers, and 5 (8%) had dengue virus titer >4-fold higher than Zika virus titer. Prolonged detection of IgM and neutralizing antibody cross-reactivity make it difficult to determine the timing of Zika virus infection and differentiate between related flaviviruses.
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131
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Strange DP, Jiyarom B, Pourhabibi Zarandi N, Xie X, Baker C, Sadri-Ardekani H, Shi PY, Verma S. Axl Promotes Zika Virus Entry and Modulates the Antiviral State of Human Sertoli Cells. mBio 2019; 10:e01372-19. [PMID: 31311882 PMCID: PMC6635530 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01372-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is unique among mosquito-borne flaviviruses in its ability to be sexually transmitted. Persistent ZIKV infection in the testes, which are immune privileged organs, long after peripheral clearance suggests involvement of immunosuppressive pathways; however, the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined. We recently demonstrated that ZIKV infects human Sertoli cells (SC), the major cell type of the seminiferous epithelium responsible for maintaining the immune privileged compartment of seminiferous tubules. Recent reports have identified the TAM (Tyro3, Axl, Mer) receptor tyrosine kinase Axl as an entry receptor and/or immune modulator for ZIKV in a cell type-specific manner. Interestingly, the seminiferous epithelium exhibits high basal expression of the Axl receptor where it is involved in clearance of apoptotic germ cells and immunosuppression. Here, we show that Axl was highly expressed in SC compared to Leydig cells (LC) that correlated with robust ZIKV infection of SC, but not LC. Further, neutralization of Axl receptor and its ligand Gas6 strongly attenuated virus entry in SC. However, inhibition of Axl kinase did not affect ZIKV entry but instead led to decreased protein levels of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and SOCS3, increased expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), and reduced ZIKV replication. Similarly, treatment of multicellular human testicular organoids with an Axl kinase inhibitor attenuated ZIKV replication and increased ISG expression. Together, our data demonstrate that Axl promotes ZIKV entry and negatively regulates the antiviral state of SC to augment ZIKV infection of the testes and provides new insights into testis antiviral immunity and ZIKV persistence.IMPORTANCE Recent Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreaks have identified sexual transmission as a new route of disease spread not reported for other flaviviruses. ZIKV crosses the blood-testis barrier and establishes infection in seminiferous tubules, the site for spermatozoa development. Currently, there are no therapies to treat ZIKV infection, and the immune mechanisms underlying testicular persistence are unclear. We found that multiple human testicular cell types, except Leydig cells, support ZIKV infection. Axl receptor, which plays a pivotal role in maintaining the immunosuppressive milieu of the testis, is highly expressed in Sertoli cells and augments ZIKV infection by promoting virus entry and negatively regulating the antiviral state. By using testicular organoids, we further describe the antiviral role of Axl inhibition. The significance of our research lies in defining cross talk between Axl and type I interferon signaling as an essential mechanism of immune control that can inform therapeutic efforts to clear ZIKV from the testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Strange
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Boonyanudh Jiyarom
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Nima Pourhabibi Zarandi
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xuping Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Coleman Baker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Hooman Sadri-Ardekani
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Urology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pei-Yong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Saguna Verma
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
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132
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Shim BS, Kwon YC, Ricciardi MJ, Stone M, Otsuka Y, Berri F, Kwal JM, Magnani DM, Jackson CB, Richard AS, Norris P, Busch M, Curry CL, Farzan M, Watkins D, Choe H. Zika Virus-Immune Plasmas from Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Individuals Enhance Zika Pathogenesis in Adult and Pregnant Mice. mBio 2019; 10:e00758-19. [PMID: 31266863 PMCID: PMC6606798 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00758-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Preexisting immunity against dengue virus or West Nile virus was previously reported to mediate antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in a mouse model. We show here that ZIKV-immune plasma samples from both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals mediated ZIKV ADE of infection in vitro and in mice. In a lethal infection model with a viral inoculum 10 times higher, both ADE and protection were observed, depending on the amount of infused immune plasma. In a vertical-transmission model, ZIKV-immune plasma infused to timed pregnant mice increased fetal demise and decreased the body weight of surviving fetuses. Depletion of IgG from an immune plasma abolished ADE of infection, and the presence of purified IgG alone mediated ADE of infection. Higher viral loads and proinflammatory cytokines were detected in mice treated with ZIKV-immune plasma samples compared to those receiving control plasma. Together, these data show that passive immunization with homotypic ZIKV antibodies, depending on the concentration, could either worsen or limit a subsequent ZIKV infection.IMPORTANCE Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of virus infection is common to many viruses and is problematic when plasma antibody levels decline to subneutralizing concentrations. ADE of infection is especially important among flaviviruses, many of which are the cause of global health problems. Recently, human plasma samples immune to heterologous flaviviruses were shown to promote Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. Here we showed in immunocompromised mouse models that homologous immune plasma samples protect mice from subsequent infection at high antibody concentrations but that they mediate ADE of infection and increase ZIKV pathogenesis in adult mice and fetal demise during pregnancy at low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Shik Shim
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Young-Chan Kwon
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Michael J Ricciardi
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Mars Stone
- Viral Reference Laboratory and Repository Core, Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yuka Otsuka
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Fatma Berri
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Jaclyn M Kwal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Diogo M Magnani
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Cody B Jackson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Audrey S Richard
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - Philip Norris
- Viral Reference Laboratory and Repository Core, Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Laboratory Medicine and Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael Busch
- Viral Reference Laboratory and Repository Core, Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Laboratory Medicine and Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Christine L Curry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Michael Farzan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
| | - David Watkins
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Hyeryun Choe
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida, USA
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133
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Hastings AK, Uraki R, Gaitsch H, Dhaliwal K, Stanley S, Sproch H, Williamson E, MacNeil T, Marin-Lopez A, Hwang J, Wang Y, Grover JR, Fikrig E. Aedes aegypti NeSt1 Protein Enhances Zika Virus Pathogenesis by Activating Neutrophils. J Virol 2019; 93:e00395-19. [PMID: 30971475 PMCID: PMC6580965 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00395-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Saliva from the mosquito vector of flaviviruses is capable of changing the local immune environment, leading to an increase in flavivirus-susceptible cells at the infected bite site. In addition, an antibody response to specific salivary gland (SG) components changes the pathogenesis of flaviviruses in human populations. To investigate whether antigenic SG proteins are capable of enhancing infection with Zika virus (ZIKV), a reemerging flavivirus primarily transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, we screened for antigenic SG proteins using a yeast display library and demonstrate that a previously undescribed SG protein we term neutrophil stimulating factor 1 (NeSt1) activates primary mouse neutrophils ex vivo Passive immunization against NeSt1 decreases pro-interleukin-1β and CXCL2 expression, prevents macrophages from infiltrating the bite site, protects susceptible IFNAR-/- IFNGR-/- (AG129) mice from early ZIKV replication, and ameliorates virus-induced pathogenesis. These findings indicate that NeSt1 stimulates neutrophils at the mosquito bite site to change the immune microenvironment, allowing a higher level of early viral replication and enhancing ZIKV pathogenesis.IMPORTANCE When a Zika virus-infected mosquito bites a person, mosquito saliva is injected into the skin along with the virus. Molecules in this saliva can make virus infection more severe by changing the immune system to make the skin a better place for the virus to replicate. We identified a molecule that activates immune cells, called neutrophils, to recruit other immune cells, called macrophages, that the virus can infect. We named this molecule neutrophil-stimulating factor 1 (NeSt1). When we used antibodies to block NeSt1 in mice and then allowed Zika virus-infected mosquitoes to feed on these mice, they survived much better than mice that do not have antibodies against NeSt1. These findings give us more information about how mosquito saliva enhances virus infection, and it is possible that a vaccine against NeSt1 might protect people against severe Zika virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K Hastings
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ryuta Uraki
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hallie Gaitsch
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Khushwant Dhaliwal
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sydney Stanley
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hannah Sproch
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Eric Williamson
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Tyler MacNeil
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alejandro Marin-Lopez
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jesse Hwang
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jonathan R Grover
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Erol Fikrig
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
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134
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Lima TM, Souza MO, Castilho LR. Purification of flavivirus VLPs by a two-step chomatographic process. Vaccine 2019; 37:7061-7069. [PMID: 31201056 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Flaviviruses are enveloped viruses with positive-sense, single-stranded RNA, which are most commonly transmitted by infected mosquitoes. Zika virus (ZIKV) and yellow fever virus (YFV) are flaviviruses that have caused significant outbreaks in the last few years. Since there is no approved vaccine against ZIKV, and since the existing YF attenuated vaccine presents disadvantages related to limited supply and to rare, but fatal adverse effects, there is an urgent need for new vaccines to control these diseases. Virus-like particles (VLPs) represent a recombinant platform to produce safe and immunogenic vaccines. Thus, based on our experience of expressing in recombinant mammalian cells VLPs of most flaviviruses circulating in the Americas, this work focused on the evaluation of chromatographic purification processes for zika and yellow-fever VLPs. The clarified cell culture supernatant was processed by a membrane-based anion-exchange chromatography and then a multimodal chromatographic step. With this process, it was possible to obtain the purified VLPs with a yield (including the clarification step) of 66.4% for zika and 68.1% for yellow fever. DNA clearance was in the range of 99.8-99.9%, providing VLP preparations that meet the WHO limit for this critical contaminant. Correct size and morphology of the purified VLPs were confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The promising results obtained for both zika and yellow fever VLPs indicate that this process could be potentially applied also to VLPs of other flaviviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Túlio M Lima
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), COPPE, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, Av. Horácio Macedo, 2030 sl. G115, 21941-598, Cidade Universitária, Brazil; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), EQ, EPQB Graduate Program, Av. Horácio Macedo, 2030 sl. E206, 21941-598, Cidade Universitária, Brazil
| | - Matheus O Souza
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), COPPE, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, Av. Horácio Macedo, 2030 sl. G115, 21941-598, Cidade Universitária, Brazil
| | - Leda R Castilho
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), COPPE, Cell Culture Engineering Laboratory, Av. Horácio Macedo, 2030 sl. G115, 21941-598, Cidade Universitária, Brazil.
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135
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Ravichandran S, Hahn M, Belaunzarán-Zamudio PF, Ramos-Castañeda J, Nájera-Cancino G, Caballero-Sosa S, Navarro-Fuentes KR, Ruiz-Palacios G, Golding H, Beigel JH, Khurana S. Differential human antibody repertoires following Zika infection and the implications for serodiagnostics and disease outcome. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1943. [PMID: 31028263 PMCID: PMC6486612 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09914-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in Americas led to extensive efforts to develop vaccines and ZIKV-specific diagnostics. In the current study, we use whole genome phage display library spanning the entire ZIKV genome (ZIKV-GFPDL) for in-depth immune profiling of IgG and IgM antibody repertoires in serum and urine longitudinal samples from individuals acutely infected with ZIKV. We observe a very diverse IgM immune repertoire encompassing the entire ZIKV polyprotein on day 0 in both serum and urine. ZIKV-specific IgG antibodies increase 10-fold between day 0 and day 7 in serum, but not in urine; these are highly focused on prM/E, NS1 and NS2B. Differential antibody affinity maturation is observed against ZIKV structural E protein compared with nonstructural protein NS1. Serum antibody affinity to ZIKV-E protein inversely correlates with ZIKV disease symptoms. Our study provides insight into unlinked evolution of immune response to ZIKV infection and identified unique targets for ZIKV serodiagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Ravichandran
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), FDA, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Megan Hahn
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), FDA, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Pablo F Belaunzarán-Zamudio
- Departamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | | | | | - Sandra Caballero-Sosa
- Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Tapachula, 30740, Chiapas, Mexico
| | | | - Guillermo Ruiz-Palacios
- Comisión Coordinadora de los Institutos Nacionales de Salud y Hospitales de Alta Especialidad, Ministry of Health, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
| | - Hana Golding
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), FDA, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - John H Beigel
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21701, USA
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Surender Khurana
- Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER), FDA, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA.
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136
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Langerak T, Mumtaz N, Tolk VI, van Gorp ECM, Martina BE, Rockx B, Koopmans MPG. The possible role of cross-reactive dengue virus antibodies in Zika virus pathogenesis. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007640. [PMID: 30998804 PMCID: PMC6472811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) has been known for decades to circulate in Africa and Asia. However, major complications of a ZIKV infection have recently become apparent for reasons that are still not fully elucidated. One of the hypotheses for the seemingly increased pathogenicity of ZIKV is that cross-reactive dengue antibodies can enhance a ZIKV infection through the principle of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). Recently, ADE in ZIKV infection has been studied, but conclusive evidence for the clinical importance of this principle in a ZIKV infection is lacking. Conversely, the widespread circulation of ZIKV in dengue virus (DENV)-endemic regions raises new questions about the potential contribution of ZIKV antibodies to DENV ADE. In this review, we summarize the results of the evidence to date and elaborate on other possible detrimental effects of cross-reactive flavivirus antibodies, both for ZIKV infection and the risk of ZIKV-related congenital anomalies, DENV infection, and dengue hemorrhagic fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Langerak
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Noreen Mumtaz
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vera I. Tolk
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric C. M. van Gorp
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Byron E. Martina
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Barry Rockx
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marion P. G. Koopmans
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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137
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Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy is associated with microcephaly and other birth defects, collectively termed Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS). During the epidemic in 2015-16, ZIKV spread through the Americas and quickly joined the list of other known teratogenic pathogens, TORCH. Multiple ZIKV vaccines have been developed for protection of pregnant women and women of childbearing age. However, ZIKV infection incidence has since waned substantially, and adverse birth outcomes are rare outcomes of infection. Studying a vaccine's protective efficacy against CZS in a large phase III clinical trial may be infeasible in such times of low incidence. Should trials be initiated, researchers may resort to alternative clinical endpoints. In this study, we simulate a variety of vaccine clinical trial scenarios to evaluate the feasibility of the CZS endpoint in vaccine studies and compare CZS to other potential outcomes: ZIKV infection detected through weekly, biweekly, or monthly testing and laboratory-confirmed, symptomatic Zika Virus Disease. We compare the sample size required for 80% statistical power to detect vaccine efficacy and trial duration for each scenario. Our results show the feasibility of CZS clinical endpoints depends on the timing of simulated clinical trials in the course of a seasonal epidemic, due to CZS risk varying with trimester of infection. This result highlights additional considerations needed when designing vaccine efficacy trials of protection against teratogenic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Mercaldo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - Steven E Bellan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; South African Center for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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138
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O'Donnell KL, Meberg B, Schiltz J, Nilles ML, Bradley DS. Zika Virus-Specific IgY Results Are Therapeutic Following a Lethal Zika Virus Challenge without Inducing Antibody-Dependent Enhancement. Viruses 2019; 11:E301. [PMID: 30917523 PMCID: PMC6466411 DOI: 10.3390/v11030301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a newly emerged pathogen in the Western hemisphere. It was declared a global health emergency by the World Health Organization in 2016. There have been 223,477 confirmed cases, including 3720 congenital syndrome cases since 2015. ZIKV infection symptoms range from asymptomatic to Gullain⁻Barré syndrome and extensive neuropathology in infected fetuses. Passive and active vaccines have been unsuccessful in the protection from or the treatment of flaviviral infections due to antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). ADE causes an increased viral load due to an increased monocyte opsonization by non-neutralizing, low-avidity antibodies from a previous dengue virus (DENV) infection or from a previous exposure to ZIKV. We have previously demonstrated that polyclonal avian IgY generated against whole-killed DENV-2 ameliorates DENV infection in mice while not inducing ADE. This is likely due to the inability of the Fc portion of IgY to bind to mammalian Fc receptors. We have shown here that ZIKV oligoclonal IgY is able to neutralize the virus in vitro and in IFNAR-/- mice. The concentration of ZIKV-specific IgY yielding 50% neutralization (NT50) was 25 µg/mL. The exposure of the ZIKV, prior to culture with ZIKV-specific IgY or 4G2 flavivirus-enveloped IgG, demonstrated that the ZIKV-specific IgY does not induce ADE. ZIKV IgY was protective in vivo when administered following a lethal ZIKV challenge in 3-week-old IFNAR-/- mice. We propose polyclonal ZIKV-specific IgY may provide a viable passive immunotherapy for a ZIKV infection without inducing ADE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle L O'Donnell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA.
| | - Bernadette Meberg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA.
| | - James Schiltz
- Avianax, LLC, Grand Forks, North Dakota, ND 58202, USA.
| | - Matthew L Nilles
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA.
| | - David S Bradley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA.
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139
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Andrade P, Gimblet-Ochieng C, Modirian F, Collins M, Cárdenas M, Katzelnick LC, Montoya M, Michlmayr D, Kuan G, Balmaseda A, Coloma J, de Silva AM, Harris E. Impact of pre-existing dengue immunity on human antibody and memory B cell responses to Zika. Nat Commun 2019; 10:938. [PMID: 30808875 PMCID: PMC6391383 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08845-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about enduring memory B cell (MBC) responses to Zika virus (ZIKV) and their relationship with circulating antibodies. Here we comprehensively assess MBC frequency and specificity alongside serum binding and neutralizing antibody responses to ZIKV ~2 weeks and ~8 months postinfection in 31 pediatric subjects with 0, 1 or >1 prior infections with the related dengue virus (DENV). ZIKV infection elicits a robust type-specific MBC response, and the majority of late convalescent anti-ZIKV serum neutralizing activity is attributable to ZIKV-specific antibodies. The number of prior DENV infections does not influence type-specific or cross-reactive MBC responses, although ZIKV has the highest cross-reactivity with DENV3. DENV cross-reactive MBCs expanded by ZIKV infection decline in number and proportion by late convalescence. Finally, ZIKV induces greater cross-reactivity in the MBC pool than in serum antibodies. Our data suggest immunity to DENV only modestly shapes breadth and magnitude of enduring ZIKV antibody responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Andrade
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3370, USA
- Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, EC170157, Ecuador
| | - Ciara Gimblet-Ochieng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7292, USA
| | - Faraz Modirian
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3370, USA
| | - Matthew Collins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7292, USA
- Hope Clinic of the Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Decatur, GA, 30030, USA
| | - Maritza Cárdenas
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3370, USA
| | - Leah C Katzelnick
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3370, USA
| | - Magelda Montoya
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3370, USA
| | - Daniela Michlmayr
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3370, USA
| | - Guillermina Kuan
- Centro de Salud Sócrates Flores Vivas, Ministry of Health, Managua, 12014, Nicaragua
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, 14007, Nicaragua
| | - Angel Balmaseda
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, 14007, Nicaragua
- Laboratorio Nacional de Virología, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministry of Health, Managua, 16064, Nicaragua
| | - Josefina Coloma
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3370, USA
| | - Aravinda M de Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7292, USA
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3370, USA.
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140
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Amaro F, Sánchez-Seco MP, Vázquez A, Alves MJ, Zé-Zé L, Luz MT, Minguito T, De La Fuente J, De Ory F. The Application and Interpretation of IgG Avidity and IgA ELISA Tests to Characterize Zika Virus Infections. Viruses 2019; 11:v11020179. [PMID: 30791664 PMCID: PMC6409741 DOI: 10.3390/v11020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the absence of viremia, the diagnostics of Zika virus (ZIKV) infections must rely on serological techniques. In order to improve the serological diagnosis of ZIKV, ZIKV-IgA and ZIKV-IgG avidity assays were evaluated. Forty patients returning from ZIKV endemic areas, with confirmed or suspected ZIKV infections were studied. Samples were classified as early acute, acute and late acute according to the number of days post illness onset. Low avidity IgG was only detected at acute and late acute stages and IgA mostly at the early acute and acute stages. The date of sampling provides useful information and can help to choose the best technique to use at a determined moment in time and to interpret low avidity IgG and IgA results, improving the serological diagnosis of ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Amaro
- European Programme for Public Health Microbiology Training (EUPHEM), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), 17165 Solna, Sweden.
- National Centre for Microbiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain.
| | - María P Sánchez-Seco
- National Centre for Microbiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain.
- Virored-Network for Emerging Viruses, 22767 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Ana Vázquez
- National Centre for Microbiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain.
- Virored-Network for Emerging Viruses, 22767 Hamburg, Germany.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria J Alves
- Virored-Network for Emerging Viruses, 22767 Hamburg, Germany.
- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research 2965-575 Águas de Moura, Portugal.
| | - Líbia Zé-Zé
- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research 2965-575 Águas de Moura, Portugal.
| | - Maria T Luz
- National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Centre for Vectors and Infectious Diseases Research 2965-575 Águas de Moura, Portugal.
| | - Teodora Minguito
- National Centre for Microbiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain.
| | - Jesús De La Fuente
- National Centre for Microbiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain.
| | - Fernando De Ory
- National Centre for Microbiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28220 Majadahonda, Spain.
- Virored-Network for Emerging Viruses, 22767 Hamburg, Germany.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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141
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Rodriguez-Barraquer I, Costa F, Nascimento EJM, Nery N, Castanha PMS, Sacramento GA, Cruz J, Carvalho M, De Olivera D, Hagan JE, Adhikarla H, Wunder EA, Coêlho DF, Azar SR, Rossi SL, Vasilakis N, Weaver SC, Ribeiro GS, Balmaseda A, Harris E, Nogueira ML, Reis MG, Marques ETA, Cummings DAT, Ko AI. Impact of preexisting dengue immunity on Zika virus emergence in a dengue endemic region. Science 2019; 363:607-610. [PMID: 30733412 PMCID: PMC8221194 DOI: 10.1126/science.aav6618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The clinical outcomes associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) in the Americas have been well documented, but other aspects of the pandemic, such as attack rates and risk factors, are poorly understood. We prospectively followed a cohort of 1453 urban residents in Salvador, Brazil, and, using an assay that measured immunoglobulin G3 (IgG3) responses against ZIKV NS1 antigen, we estimated that 73% of individuals were infected during the 2015 outbreak. Attack rates were spatially heterogeneous, varying by a factor of 3 within a community spanning 0.17 square kilometers. Preexisting high antibody titers to dengue virus were associated with reduced risk of ZIKV infection and symptoms. The landscape of ZIKV immunity that now exists may affect the risk for future transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico Costa
- Instituto da Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Eduardo J M Nascimento
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nivison Nery
- Instituto da Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Priscila M S Castanha
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Jaqueline Cruz
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Mayara Carvalho
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Daiana De Olivera
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - José E Hagan
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Haritha Adhikarla
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Elsio A Wunder
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Danilo F Coêlho
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50740-540, Brazil
| | - Sasha R Azar
- Institute for Translational Science, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Shannan L Rossi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Nikos Vasilakis
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Scott C Weaver
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Guilherme S Ribeiro
- Instituto da Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Angel Balmaseda
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
- Laboratorio Nacional de Virología, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Maurício L Nogueira
- Faculdade de Medicina de São Jose do Rio Preto, São Jose do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mitermayer G Reis
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ernesto T A Marques
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Derek A T Cummings
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Albert I Ko
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/MS, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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142
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Rathore APS, Saron WAA, Lim T, Jahan N, St. John AL. Maternal immunity and antibodies to dengue virus promote infection and Zika virus-induced microcephaly in fetuses. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaav3208. [PMID: 30820456 PMCID: PMC6392794 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav3208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), an emergent flaviviral pathogen, has been linked to microcephaly in neonates. Although the risk is greatest during the first trimester of pregnancy in humans, timing alone cannot explain why maternal ZIKV infection leads to severe microcephaly in some fetuses, but not others. The antigenic similarities between ZIKV and dengue virus (DENV), combined with high levels of DENV immunity among ZIKV target populations in recent outbreaks, suggest that anti-DENV maternal antibodies could promote ZIKV-induced microcephaly. We demonstrated maternal-to-fetal ZIKV transmission, fetal infection, and disproportionate microcephaly in immunocompetent mice. We show that DENV-specific antibodies in ZIKV-infected pregnant mice enhance vertical ZIKV transmission and result in a severe microcephaly-like syndrome, which was dependent on the neonatal Fc receptor, FcRN. This novel immune-mediated mechanism of vertical transmission of viral infection is of special concern because ZIKV epidemic regions are also endemic to DENV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhay P. S. Rathore
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wilfried A. A. Saron
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ting Lim
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nusrat Jahan
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ashley L. St. John
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke–National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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143
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Maucourant C, Petitdemange C, Yssel H, Vieillard V. Control of Acute Arboviral Infection by Natural Killer Cells. Viruses 2019; 11:v11020131. [PMID: 30709036 PMCID: PMC6410043 DOI: 10.3390/v11020131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent explosive pandemic of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) followed by Zika (ZIKV) virus infections occurring throughout many countries represents the most unexpected arrival of arthropod-borne viral diseases in the past 20 years. Transmitted through the bite of Aedes mosquitoes, the clinical picture associated with these acute arbovirus infections, including Dengue (DENV), CHIKV and ZIKV, ranges from classical febrile illness to life-threatening disease. Whereas ZIKV and CHIKV-mediated infections have previously been recognized as relatively benign diseases, in contrast to Dengue fever, recent epidemic events have brought waves of increased morbidity and mortality leading to a serious public health problem. Although the host immune response plays a crucial role in controlling infections, it may also promote viral spread and immunopathology. Here, we review recent developments in our understanding of the immune response, with an emphasis on the early antiviral immune response mediated by natural killer cells and emphasize their Janus-faced effects in the control of arbovirus infection and pathogenesis. Improving our understanding knowledge on of the mechanisms that control viral infection is crucial in the current race against the globalization of arbovirus epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Maucourant
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm U1135, CNRS ERL8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Caroline Petitdemange
- Institut Gustave Roussy, CNRS UMR9196, Unité Physiologie et Pathologie Moléculaires des Rétrovirus Endogènes et Infectieux, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Hans Yssel
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm U1135, CNRS ERL8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Vincent Vieillard
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm U1135, CNRS ERL8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 75013 Paris, France.
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Caine EA, Scheaffer SM, Arora N, Zaitsev K, Artyomov MN, Coyne CB, Moley KH, Diamond MS. Interferon lambda protects the female reproductive tract against Zika virus infection. Nat Commun 2019; 10:280. [PMID: 30655513 PMCID: PMC6336786 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07993-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Zika virus (ZIKV) can be transmitted sexually and cause congenital birth defects, immune control mechanisms in the female reproductive tract (FRT) are not well characterized. Here we show that treatment of primary human vaginal and cervical epithelial cells with interferon (IFN)-α/β or IFN-λ induces host defense transcriptional signatures and inhibits ZIKV infection. We also assess the effects of IFNs on intravaginal infection of the FRT using ovariectomized mice treated with reproductive hormones. We find that mice receiving estradiol are protected against intravaginal ZIKV infection, independently of IFN-α/β or IFN-λ signaling. In contrast, mice lacking IFN-λ signaling sustain greater FRT infection when progesterone is administered. Exogenous IFN-λ treatment confers an antiviral effect when mice receive both estradiol and progesterone, but not progesterone alone. Our results identify a hormonal stage-dependent role for IFN-λ in controlling ZIKV infection in the FRT and suggest a path for minimizing sexual transmission of ZIKV in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Caine
- Departments of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Suzanne M Scheaffer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nitin Arora
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
- The Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Konstantin Zaitsev
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Computer Technologies Department, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Maxim N Artyomov
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Carolyn B Coyne
- Departments of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
- The Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, Children's Hospital, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
| | - Kelle H Moley
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Departments of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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145
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Daniels BP, Kofman SB, Smith JR, Norris GT, Snyder AG, Kolb JP, Gao X, Locasale JW, Martinez J, Gale M, Loo YM, Oberst A. The Nucleotide Sensor ZBP1 and Kinase RIPK3 Induce the Enzyme IRG1 to Promote an Antiviral Metabolic State in Neurons. Immunity 2019; 50:64-76.e4. [PMID: 30635240 PMCID: PMC6342485 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As long-lived post-mitotic cells, neurons employ unique strategies to resist pathogen infection while preserving cellular function. Here, using a murine model of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection, we identified an innate immune pathway that restricts ZIKV replication in neurons and is required for survival upon ZIKV infection of the central nervous system (CNS). We found that neuronal ZIKV infection activated the nucleotide sensor ZBP1 and the kinases RIPK1 and RIPK3, core components of virus-induced necroptotic cell death signaling. However, activation of this pathway in ZIKV-infected neurons did not induce cell death. Rather, RIPK signaling restricted viral replication by altering cellular metabolism via upregulation of the enzyme IRG1 and production of the metabolite itaconate. Itaconate inhibited the activity of succinate dehydrogenase, generating a metabolic state in neurons that suppresses replication of viral genomes. These findings demonstrate an immunometabolic mechanism of viral restriction during neuroinvasive infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Daniels
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Sigal B Kofman
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Julian R Smith
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Geoffrey T Norris
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Annelise G Snyder
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Joseph P Kolb
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27703, USA
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jennifer Martinez
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27703, USA
| | - Michael Gale
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Yueh-Ming Loo
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Andrew Oberst
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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146
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Elong Ngono A, Young MP, Bunz M, Xu Z, Hattakam S, Vizcarra E, Regla-Nava JA, Tang WW, Yamabhai M, Wen J, Shresta S. CD4+ T cells promote humoral immunity and viral control during Zika virus infection. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007474. [PMID: 30677097 PMCID: PMC6345435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several Zika virus (ZIKV) vaccines designed to elicit protective antibody (Ab) responses are currently under rapid development, but the underlying mechanisms that control the magnitude and quality of the Ab response remain unclear. Here, we investigated the CD4+ T cell response to primary intravenous and intravaginal infection with ZIKV. Using the LysMCre+Ifnar1fl/fl (myeloid type I IFN receptor-deficient) C57BL/6 mouse models, we identified six I-Ab-restricted ZIKV epitopes that stimulated CD4+ T cells with a predominantly cytotoxic Th1 phenotype in mice primed with ZIKV. Intravenous and intravaginal infection with ZIKV effectively induced follicular helper and regulatory CD4+ T cells. Treatment of mice with a CD4+ T cell-depleting Ab reduced the plasma cell, germinal center B cell, and IgG responses to ZIKV without affecting the CD8+ T cell response. CD4+ T cells were required to protect mice from a lethal dose of ZIKV after infection intravaginally, but not intravenously. However, adoptive transfer and peptide immunization experiments showed a role for memory CD4+ T cells in ZIKV clearance in mice challenged intravenously. These results demonstrate that CD4+ T cells are required mainly for the generation of a ZIKV-specific humoral response but not for an efficient CD8+ T cell response. Thus, CD4+ T cells could be important mediators of protection against ZIKV, depending on the infection or vaccination context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Elong Ngono
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Matthew P Young
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Maximilian Bunz
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
- Institute of Arboviruses, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sararat Hattakam
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Edward Vizcarra
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Jose Angel Regla-Nava
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - William W Tang
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Montarop Yamabhai
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Jinsheng Wen
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
- Institute of Arboviruses, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sujan Shresta
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
- Institute of Arboviruses, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
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147
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Simonin Y, Erkilic N, Damodar K, Clé M, Desmetz C, Bolloré K, Taleb M, Torriano S, Barthelemy J, Dubois G, Lajoix AD, Foulongne V, Tuaillon E, Van de Perre P, Kalatzis V, Salinas S. Zika virus induces strong inflammatory responses and impairs homeostasis and function of the human retinal pigment epithelium. EBioMedicine 2019; 39:315-331. [PMID: 30579862 PMCID: PMC6354710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zika virus (ZIKV) has recently re-emerged as a pathogenic agent with epidemic capacities as was well illustrated in South America. Because of the extent of this health crisis, a number of more serious symptoms have become associated with ZIKV infection than what was initially described. In particular, neuronal and ocular disorders have been characterized, both in infants and in adults. Notably, the macula and the retina can be strongly affected by ZIKV, possibly by a direct effect of the virus. This is supported by the detection of replicative and infectious virus in lachrimal fluid in human patients and mouse models. METHODS Here, we used an innovative, state-of-the-art iPSC-derived human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) model to study ZIKV retinal impairment. FINDINGS We showed that the human RPE is highly susceptible to ZIKV infection and that a ZIKV African strain was more virulent and led to a more potent epithelium disruption and stronger anti-viral response than an Asian strain, suggesting lineage differences. Moreover, ZIKV infection led to impaired membrane dynamics involved in endocytosis, organelle biogenesis and potentially secretion, key mechanisms of RPE homeostasis and function. INTERPRETATION Taken together, our results suggest that ZIKV has a highly efficient ocular tropism, which creates a strong inflammatory environment that could have acute or chronic adverse effects. FUND: This work was funded by Retina France, REACTing and La Région Languedoc-Roussillon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Simonin
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nejla Erkilic
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Krishna Damodar
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marion Clé
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Caroline Desmetz
- BioCommunication en CardioMétabolique, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Bolloré
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mehdi Taleb
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Simona Torriano
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jonathan Barthelemy
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Grégor Dubois
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Dominique Lajoix
- BioCommunication en CardioMétabolique, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Foulongne
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections. INSERM, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections. INSERM, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections. INSERM, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Vasiliki Kalatzis
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Sara Salinas
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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148
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Carlin AF, Wen J, Vizcarra EA, McCauley M, Chaillon A, Akrami K, Kim C, Ngono AE, Lara-Marquez ML, Smith DM, Glass CK, Schooley RT, Benner C, Shresta S. A longitudinal systems immunologic investigation of acute Zika virus infection in an individual infected while traveling to Caracas, Venezuela. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0007053. [PMID: 30596671 PMCID: PMC6329527 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus linked to devastating neurologic diseases. Immune responses to flaviviruses may be pathogenic or protective. Our understanding of human immune responses to ZIKV in vivo remains limited. Therefore, we performed a longitudinal molecular and phenotypic characterization of innate and adaptive immune responses during an acute ZIKV infection. We found that innate immune transcriptional and genomic responses were both cell type- and time-dependent. While interferon stimulated gene induction was common to all innate immune cells, the upregulation of important inflammatory cytokine genes was primarily limited to monocyte subsets. Additionally, genomic analysis revealed substantial chromatin remodeling at sites containing cell-type specific transcription factor binding motifs that may explain the observed changes in gene expression. In this dengue virus-experienced individual, adaptive immune responses were rapidly mobilized with T cell transcriptional activity and ZIKV neutralizing antibody responses peaking 6 days after the onset of symptoms. Collectively this study characterizes the development and resolution of an in vivo human immune response to acute ZIKV infection in an individual with pre-existing flavivirus immunity. Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging flaviviral infection that causes significant clinical disease. It is estimated that approximately one half of the world’s population is at risk for ZIKV infection. There are only a limited number of studies describing the human immune response to ZIKV infection. Carlin et al. combined conventional and genomic approaches to longitudinally analyze the innate and adaptive immune responses to acute ZIKV infection and its resolution in a person who was infected while traveling in Venezuela during the 2016 ZIKV epidemic year. Genome-wide sequencing in individual cell types revealed that although many populations respond to interferon stimulation, only specific cell populations within peripheral blood mononuclear cells upregulate important inflammatory cytokine gene expression. Additionally, analysis of open chromatin using ATAC-seq suggests that chromatin remodeling at sites containing cell-type specific transcription factor binding motifs may help us understand changes in gene expression. Consistent with previous reports, this individual with prior exposure to dengue virus (DENV), rapidly developed neutralizing anti-ZIKV responses that were cross-reactive with multiple DENV serotypes. Collectively this study combines traditional and genomic approaches to characterize the cell-type specific development of an in vivo human immune response to acute ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron F. Carlin
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AFC); (SS)
| | - Jinsheng Wen
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Edward A. Vizcarra
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Melanie McCauley
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Antoine Chaillon
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Kevan Akrami
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Cheryl Kim
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Annie Elong Ngono
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Maria Luz Lara-Marquez
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Davey M. Smith
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher K. Glass
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Robert T. Schooley
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Christopher Benner
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Sujan Shresta
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AFC); (SS)
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149
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Kunamneni A, Ye C, Bradfute SB, Durvasula R. Ribosome display for the rapid generation of high-affinity Zika-neutralizing single-chain antibodies. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205743. [PMID: 30444865 PMCID: PMC6239285 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging pathogen with no approved therapeutics and only limited diagnostics available. To address this gap, six mouse single-chain antibodies (scFvs) to ZIKV envelope (E) protein were isolated rapidly and efficiently from a ribosome-displayed antibody library constructed from the spleens of five immunized mice. Methodology/Results In this report, we have generated a panel of mouse scFvs to ZIKV E protein using ribosome display. The six scFvs demonstrated no cross-reactivity with DENV2 NGC envelope protein, suggesting specificity for ZIKV E protein. These scFvs showed differences in their affinity: two (scFv45-3, scFv63-1) of them were dominant after four rounds of panning, and showed higher affinity (an apparent Kd values from 19 to 27 nM) than the other four (scFv5-1, scFv7-2, scFv38-1, and scFv51-2). All six scFvs showed ZIKV-neutralizing activity in the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) assay and their neutralizing activity was positively correlated with their affinities. Conclusions/Significance The scFvs (45–3 and 63–1) with highest affinity may have dual utility as diagnostics capable of recognizing ZIKV E subtypes and may be further developed to treat ZIKV infection. Our approach has the added advantage of generating Fc receptor-deficient antibodies, minimizing concern of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adinarayana Kunamneni
- Center for Global Health, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Chunyan Ye
- Center for Global Health, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Steven B. Bradfute
- Center for Global Health, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Ravi Durvasula
- Center for Global Health, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Chicago, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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150
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Medina LO, To A, Lieberman MM, Wong TAS, Namekar M, Nakano E, Andersen H, Yalley-Ogunro J, Greenhouse J, Higgs S, Huang YJS, Vanlandingham DL, Horton JS, Clements DE, Lehrer AT. A Recombinant Subunit Based Zika Virus Vaccine Is Efficacious in Non-human Primates. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2464. [PMID: 30467501 PMCID: PMC6236113 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika Virus (ZIKV), a virus with no severe clinical symptoms or sequelae previously associated with human infection, became a public health threat following an epidemic in French Polynesia 2013-2014 that resulted in neurological complications associated with infection. Although no treatment currently exists, several vaccines using different platforms are in clinical development. These include nucleic acid vaccines based on the prM-E protein from the virus and purified formalin-inactivated ZIKV vaccines (ZPIV) which are in Phase 1/2 clinical trials. Using a recombinant subunit platform consisting of antigens produced in Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells, we have previously shown seroconversion and protection against viremia in an immunocompetent mouse model. Here we demonstrate the efficacy of our recombinant subunits in a non-human primate (NHP) viremia model. High neutralizing antibody titers were seen in all protected macaques and passive transfer demonstrated that plasma from these NHPs was sufficient to protect against viremia in mice subsequently infected with ZIKV. Taken together our data demonstrate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the recombinant subunit vaccine candidate in NHPs as well as highlight the importance of neutralizing antibodies in protection against ZIKV infection and their potential implication as a correlate of protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana O Medina
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Albert To
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Michael M Lieberman
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Teri Ann S Wong
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Madhuri Namekar
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Eileen Nakano
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | | | | | | | - Stephen Higgs
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Biosecurity Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Yan-Jang S Huang
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Biosecurity Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Dana L Vanlandingham
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Biosecurity Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | | | | | - Axel T Lehrer
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
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