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Giese-Davis J, Sisler J, Zhong L, Brandelli Y, McCormick JL, Railton C, Shirt L, Lau H, Hao D, Chobanuk J, Walley B, Joy AA, Taylor A, Carlson L. Alberta CancerBridges development of a care plan evaluation measure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:e59-e72. [PMID: 29507497 DOI: 10.3747/co.25.3766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background No standardized measures specifically assess cancer survivors' and healthcare providers' experience of Survivor Care Plans (scps). We sought to develop two care plan evaluation (cpe) measures, one for survivors (cpe-s) and one for healthcare providers (cpe-p), examine initial psychometric qualities in Alberta, and assess generalizability in Manitoba, Canada. Methods We developed the initial measures using convenience samples of breast (n = 35) and head and neck (n = 18) survivors who received scps at the end of active cancer-centre treatment. After assessing Alberta's scp concordance with Institute of Medicine (iom) recommendations using a published coding scheme, we examined psychometric qualities for the cpe-s and cpe-p. We examined generalizability in Manitoba, Canada, with colorectal survivors discharged to primary care providers for follow-up (n = 75). Results We demonstrated acceptable internal consistency for the cpe-s and cpe-p subscales and total score after eliminating one item per subscale for cpe-s, two for cpe-p, resulting in revised scales with four 7-item and 6-item subscales, respectively. Subscale scores correlated highly indicating that for each measure the total score may be the most reliable and valid. We provide initial cpe-s discriminant, convergent, and predictive validity using the total score. Using the Manitoba sample, initial psychometrics similarly indicated good generalizability across differences in tumour groups, scp, and location. Conclusions We recommend the revised cpe-s and cpe-p for further use and development. Studies documenting the creation and standardization of scp evaluations are few, and we recommend further development of patient experience measures to improve both clinical practice and the specificity of research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Giese-Davis
- Department of Oncology, Division of Psychosocial Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta.,Psychosocial Resources, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta
| | - J Sisler
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba
| | - L Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Division of Psychosocial Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta.,Psychosocial Resources, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Y Brandelli
- Department of Oncology, Division of Psychosocial Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta.,Psychosocial Resources, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta
| | - J L McCormick
- Department of Oncology, Division of Psychosocial Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta.,Psychosocial Resources, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta
| | - C Railton
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, Alberta
| | - L Shirt
- Palliative Consult Service-Calgary Zone Urban, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta
| | - H Lau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Head and Neck Tumour Group, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary
| | - D Hao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Head and Neck Tumour Group, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary
| | - J Chobanuk
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, Alberta
| | - B Walley
- Comprehensive Breast Care Program (cbcp), Community Oncology, Alberta Health Services-Cancer Care, Edmonton, Alberta
| | - A A Joy
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta; and
| | - A Taylor
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, Alberta.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta; and
| | - L Carlson
- Department of Oncology, Division of Psychosocial Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta.,Psychosocial Resources, Tom Baker Cancer Center, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta
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Crockett C, Fairmichael C, Keane J, Sweeney M, Taylor A, Shum L. Radical Bladder Treatment and Outcomes in the Northern Ireland Cancer Centre. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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153
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Dunleavy K, Munro A, Roy K, Hutchinson S, Palmateer N, Knox T, Goldberg D, Hope V, Campbell J, Hamilton E, Liddell D, Penrice G, Taylor A. Spore forming bacteria infections and people who inject drugs: Implications for harm reduction. International Journal of Drug Policy 2018; 53:45-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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154
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155
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Platt L, Minozzi S, Reed J, Vickerman P, Hagan H, French C, Jordan A, Degenhardt L, Hope V, Hutchinson S, Maher L, Palmateer N, Taylor A, Bruneau J, Hickman M. Needle and syringe programmes and opioid substitution therapy for preventing HCV transmission among people who inject drugs: findings from a Cochrane Review and meta-analysis. Addiction 2018; 113:545-563. [PMID: 28891267 PMCID: PMC5836947 DOI: 10.1111/add.14012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To estimate the effects of needle and syringe programmes (NSP) and opioid substitution therapy (OST), alone or in combination, for preventing acquisition of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in people who inject drugs (PWID). METHODS Systematic review and meta-analysis. Bibliographic databases were searched for studies measuring concurrent exposure to current OST (within the last 6 months) and/or NSP and HCV incidence among PWID. High NSP coverage was defined as regular NSP attendance or ≥ 100% coverage (receiving sufficient or greater number of needles and syringes per reported injecting frequency). Studies were assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias in non-randomized studies tool. Random-effects models were used in meta-analysis. RESULTS We identified 28 studies (n = 6279) in North America (13), United Kingdom (five), Europe (four), Australia (five) and China (one). Studies were at moderate (two), serious (17) critical (seven) and non-assessable risk of bias (two). Current OST is associated with 50% [risk ratio (RR) =0.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.40-0.63] reduction in HCV acquisition risk, consistent across region and with low heterogeneity (I2 = 0, P = 0.889). Weaker evidence was found for high NSP coverage (RR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.39-1.61) with high heterogeneity (I2 = 77%, P = 0.002). After stratifying by region, high NSP coverage in Europe was associated with a 56% reduction in HCV acquisition risk (RR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.24-0.80) with low heterogeneity (I2 = 12.3%, P = 0.337), but not in North America (RR = 1.58, I2 = 89.5%, P = < 0.001). Combined OST/NSP is associated with a 74% reduction in HCV acquisition risk (RR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.07-0.89, I2 = 80% P = 0.007). According to Grades of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria, the evidence on OST and combined OST/NSP is low quality, while NSP is very low. CONCLUSIONS Opioid substitution therapy reduces risk of hepatitis C acquisition and is strengthened in combination with needle and syringe programmes (NSP). There is weaker evidence for the impact of needle syringe programmes alone, although stronger evidence that high coverage is associated with reduced risk in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Platt
- Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, Department of Social and Environmental Health ResearchLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK
| | - Silvia Minozzi
- Department of EpidemiologyLazio Regional Health ServiceRomeItaly
| | - Jennifer Reed
- New York University, College of NursingNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Peter Vickerman
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Holly Hagan
- New York University, College of NursingNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Clare French
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Ashly Jordan
- New York University, College of NursingNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Louisa Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research CentreUniversity of New South WalesRandwickAustralia
| | - Vivian Hope
- Public Health InstituteLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK
| | - Sharon Hutchinson
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgow and Health Protection ScotlandGlasgowUK
| | - Lisa Maher
- Kirby InstituteUniversity of New South Wales, SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Norah Palmateer
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgow and Health Protection ScotlandGlasgowUK
| | - Avril Taylor
- School of Social Sciences, University of West of ScotlandPaisleyUK
| | - Julie Bruneau
- Department of Family and Emergency MedicineUniversity of MontrealMontrealCanada
| | - Matthew Hickman
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUK
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156
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Bennett J, Coburn A, Coupe A, Stedman D, Taylor A, Tyler A. Development of a zebrafish model for bitter taste assessment. Int J Pharm 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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157
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Ryken N, Al-Barri B, Blake W, Taylor A, Tack FMG, Van Ranst E, Bodé S, Boeckx P, Verdoodt A. Rapid and irreversible sorption behavior of 7Be assessed to evaluate its use as a catchment sediment tracer. J Environ Radioact 2018; 182:108-116. [PMID: 29222990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Beryllium-7 (7Be) has been used as a sediment tracer to evaluate soil redistribution rates at hillslopes and as a tool to estimate sediment residence time in river systems. A key assumption for the use of 7Be as a sediment tracer is the rapid and irreversible sorption of 7Be upon contact with the soil particles. However, recent studies have raised questions about the validity of these assumptions. Seven soil types were selected to assess the adsorption rate of 7Be on the soil particles, subsequently an extraction experiment was performed to assess the rate of desorption. Next, different treatments were applied to assess the impact of soil pH, fertilizer, humic acid and organic matter on the adsorption of Be. Finally, the influence of regularly occurring cations present on the soil complex on the adsorption of Be on pure clay minerals was evaluated. The adsorption rate experiment showed a rapid and nearly complete sorption of Be for Luvisols and Cambisols under agriculture. For a temperate climate Stagnosol under forest and two highly weathered tropical Ferralsols sorption of Be was less rapid and less complete. This may result in an incomplete adsorption of 7Be on these three soils when runoff initiates, which could lead to an overestimation of erosion rates and sediment residence time. Additional observations were made during the extraction experiment, showing a significant loss of Be from the forest Stagnosol and a stable binding of Be to the arable soils. Of the different treatments applied, only pH showed to be of influence. Finally, Ca2+ and NH4+ on the soil complex had only a limited effect on the adsorption of Be, while Al3+ in combination with a low pH inhibits the adsorption of Be on the exchange complex of the pure clay minerals. All these findings more rigorously support the use of 7Be as a soil redistribution tracer in arable soils in a temperate climate at a hillslope scale. The use of 7Be in highly weathered Ferralsols or forest rich environments should be limited to avoid overestimations of erosion rates. The spatially extended use of 7Be to evaluate residence times of sediments should be avoided in catchments with rapid changing environmental parameters as they might influence the sorption behavior of 7Be.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ryken
- Department of Soil Management, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - B Al-Barri
- Department of Soil Management, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - W Blake
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Plymouth University, UK
| | - A Taylor
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Plymouth University, UK
| | - F M G Tack
- Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - E Van Ranst
- Department of Geology and Soil Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S Bodé
- Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - P Boeckx
- Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Verdoodt
- Department of Soil Management, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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158
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Costello B, Voskoboinik A, Qadri M, Hare J, La Gerche A, Thompson M, Rudman M, Kistler P, Taylor A. Atrial Stasis Measured by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance 4D Flow Particle Tracing is Present During Sinus Rhythm in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation, and is Associated with Higher Cardio-Embolic Risk. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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159
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Voskoboinik A, Costello B, Kalman E, Prabhu S, Sugumar H, Ling L, Wong G, Nalliah C, Mclellan A, Laerche A G, Taylor A, Kalman J, Kistler P. Regular Alcohol Consumption is Associated with Impaired Atrial Mechanical Function in the Atrial Fibrillation Population: A Prospective Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Study. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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160
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Gutman S, Costello B, Iles L, Ja J, Hare J, Ellims A, Marwick T, Taylor A. Reduction in Mortality from Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators in Non-Ischaemic Cardiomyopathy Patients is Dependent on the Presence of Left Ventricular Scar. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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161
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Bader I, Kaye D, Taylor A, Leet A, Hare J, MacFarlane L, Easton K, Stronebrink R, Bergin P. Home Inotrope Therapy for Heart Failure 2012–2017: The Alfred Hospital Experience. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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162
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Voskoboinik A, Moskovitch J, Plunkett G, Prabhu S, Wong G, Bloom J, Nalliah C, Sugumar H, Parameswaran R, Mclellan A, Ling L, Goh C, Noaman S, Fernando H, Wong M, Taylor A, Kalman J, Kistler P. Hand-Held Paddles More Effective than Adhesive Patches for Cardioversion of Atrial Fibrillation in Obese Patients: Results from the DCR-BMI Multicenter Randomised Controlled Trial. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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163
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Headen TF, Cullen PL, Patel R, Taylor A, Skipper NT. The structures of liquid pyridine and naphthalene: the effects of heteroatoms and core size on aromatic interactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:2704-2715. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06689a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Spatial and orientational structures of liquid naphthalene and pyridine revealed using neutron scattering combined with empirical potential structure refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. F. Headen
- ISIS Neutron Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus
- Didcot
- UK
| | - P. L. Cullen
- University College London, Dept. Physics and Astronomy
- London
- UK
| | - R. Patel
- University College London, Dept. Physics and Astronomy
- London
- UK
| | - A. Taylor
- University College London, Dept. Physics and Astronomy
- London
- UK
| | - N. T. Skipper
- University College London, Dept. Physics and Astronomy
- London
- UK
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164
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Palmateer NE, Goldberg DJ, Munro A, Taylor A, Yeung A, Wallace LA, Mitchell A, Shepherd SJ, Gunson RN, Aitken C, Hutchinson SJ. Association between universal hepatitis B prison vaccination, vaccine uptake and hepatitis B infection among people who inject drugs. Addiction 2018; 113:80-90. [PMID: 28710874 DOI: 10.1111/add.13944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In Scotland, hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination for all prisoners was introduced in 1999; here, we examine the impact of this programme among people who inject drugs (PWID) in the community. This study aimed to compare rates of HBV vaccine uptake before and after implementation of the prison programme and to estimate the determinants of vaccine uptake, the levels of ever/current HBV infection and the associations between vaccine uptake and ever/current HBV infection. DESIGN Data collected via serial cross-sectional surveys were used to compare the proportion who reported being vaccinated over time. For the 2013-14 survey, rates of ever/current HBV infection were calculated and the associations between vaccine uptake and ever/current HBV infection were examined using logistic regression. SETTING Services providing injecting equipment and drug treatment and street sites in Glasgow (1993-2002) and throughout Scotland (2008-14). PARTICIPANTS More than 10 000 PWID in total were recruited in the surveys. MEASUREMENTS Participants completed a questionnaire (all years) to ascertain self-reported vaccine uptake and provided a blood spot (in 2013-14), tested for HBV core antibodies (anti-HBc) and surface antigen (HBsAg). FINDINGS Among recent-onset PWID in Glasgow, vaccine uptake increased from 16% in 1993 to 59% in 2008-14 (P < 0.001). Among all PWID in Scotland, uptake increased further from 71% in 2008-09 to 77% in 2013-14 (P < 0.001) and was associated with incarceration [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.23-3.79]. The prevalence of anti-HBc and HBsAg in Scotland was 2.6 and 0.3%, respectively, among PWID who had commenced injecting in the decade since the programme's introduction. Vaccination was associated with reduced odds of ever (aOR = 0.60, CI = 0.37-0.97) and current (aOR = 0.40, CI = 0.16-0.97) HBV infection. CONCLUSIONS In Scotland, uptake of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination among people who inject drugs (PWID) in the community has increased since the 1999 introduction of universal prison vaccination, and current levels of HBV infection among PWID are low compared with other European countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norah E Palmateer
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.,Blood-borne Viruses and Sexually Transmitted Infections Section, Health Protection Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - David J Goldberg
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.,Blood-borne Viruses and Sexually Transmitted Infections Section, Health Protection Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alison Munro
- School of Media, Culture and Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - Avril Taylor
- School of Media, Culture and Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - Alan Yeung
- Blood-borne Viruses and Sexually Transmitted Infections Section, Health Protection Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lesley A Wallace
- Blood-borne Viruses and Sexually Transmitted Infections Section, Health Protection Scotland, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alan Mitchell
- East Renfrewshire Health and Social Care Partnership, Eastwood Health and Care Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - Samantha J Shepherd
- West of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rory N Gunson
- West of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Celia Aitken
- West of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sharon J Hutchinson
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.,Blood-borne Viruses and Sexually Transmitted Infections Section, Health Protection Scotland, Glasgow, UK
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165
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Gilchrist G, Swan D, Shaw A, Keding A, Towers S, Craine N, Munro A, Hughes E, Parrott S, Mdege N, Strang J, Taylor A, Watson J. Preventing blood-borne virus infection in people who inject drugs in the UK: systematic review, stakeholder interviews, psychosocial intervention development and feasibility randomised controlled trial. Health Technol Assess 2017; 21:1-312. [PMID: 29208190 PMCID: PMC5733383 DOI: 10.3310/hta21720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioid substitution therapy and needle exchanges have reduced blood-borne viruses (BBVs) among people who inject drugs (PWID). Some PWID continue to share injecting equipment. OBJECTIVES To develop an evidence-based psychosocial intervention to reduce BBV risk behaviours and increase transmission knowledge among PWID, and conduct a feasibility trial among PWID comparing the intervention with a control. DESIGN A pragmatic, two-armed randomised controlled, open feasibility trial. Service users were Steering Group members and co-developed the intervention. Peer educators co-delivered the intervention in London. SETTING NHS or third-sector drug treatment or needle exchanges in Glasgow, London, Wrexham and York, recruiting January and February 2016. PARTICIPANTS Current PWID, aged ≥ 18 years. INTERVENTIONS A remote, web-based computer randomisation system allocated participants to a three-session, manualised, psychosocial, gender-specific group intervention delivered by trained facilitators and BBV transmission information booklet plus treatment as usual (TAU) (intervention), or information booklet plus TAU (control). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Recruitment, retention and follow-up rates measured feasibility. Feedback questionnaires, focus groups with participants who attended at least one intervention session and facilitators assessed the intervention's acceptability. RESULTS A systematic review of what works to reduce BBV risk behaviours among PWID; in-depth interviews with PWID; and stakeholder and expert consultation informed the intervention. Sessions covered improving injecting technique and good vein care; planning for risky situations; and understanding BBV transmission. Fifty-six per cent (99/176) of eligible PWID were randomised: 52 to the intervention group and 47 to the control group. Only 24% (8/34) of male and 11% (2/18) of female participants attended all three intervention sessions. Overall, 50% (17/34) of men and 33% (6/18) of women randomised to the intervention group and 47% (14/30) of men and 53% (9/17) of women randomised to the control group were followed up 1 month post intervention. Variations were reported by location. The intervention was acceptable to both participants and facilitators. At 1 month post intervention, no increase in injecting in 'risky' sites (e.g. groin, neck) was reported by participants who attended at least one session. PWID who attended at least one session showed a trend towards greater reduction in injecting risk behaviours, a greater increase in withdrawal planning and were more confident about finding a vein. A mean cost of £58.17 per participant was calculated for those attending one session, £148.54 for those attending two sessions and £270.67 for those attending all three sessions, compared with £0.86 in the control group. Treatment costs across the centres vary as a result of the different levels of attendance, as total session costs are divided by attendees to obtain a cost per attendee. The economic analysis suggests that a cost-effectiveness study would be feasible given the response rates and completeness of data. However, we have identified aspects where the service use questionnaire could be abbreviated given the low numbers reported in several care domains. No adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS As only 19% of participants attended all three intervention sessions and 47% were followed up 1 month post intervention, a future definitive randomised controlled trial of the intervention is not feasible. Exposure to information on improving injecting techniques did not encourage riskier injecting practices or injecting frequency, and benefits were reported among attendees. The intervention has the potential to positively influence BBV prevention. Harm reduction services should ensure that the intervention content is routinely delivered to PWID to improve vein care and prevent BBVs. FUTURE WORK The intervention did not meet the complex needs of some PWID, more tailoring may be needed to reach PWID who are more frequent injectors, who are homeless and female. LIMITATIONS Intervention delivery proved more feasible in London than other locations. Non-attendance at the York trial site substantially influenced the results. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN66453696 and PROSPERO 014:CRD42014012969. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 21, No. 72. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Gilchrist
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Davina Swan
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - April Shaw
- School of Media, Culture and Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - Ada Keding
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Sarah Towers
- Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Bangor, UK
| | - Noel Craine
- Public Health Wales, Microbiology, Bangor, UK
| | - Alison Munro
- School of Media, Culture and Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - Elizabeth Hughes
- Centre for Applied Research in Health, School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Steve Parrott
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Noreen Mdege
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - John Strang
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Avril Taylor
- School of Media, Culture and Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - Judith Watson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
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166
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Taylor A, Henderson M, Broom M. Iliac artery balloon catheter use in abnormally invasive placental disease management. Anaesthesia 2017; 72:1422. [PMID: 29047140 DOI: 10.1111/anae.14046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Taylor
- Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland
| | | | - M Broom
- Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland
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167
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Allwardt K, Ahlberg C, Broocks A, Bruno K, Taylor A, Place S, Richards C, Krehbiel C, Calvo-Lorenzo M, DeSilva U, VanOverbeke D, Mateescu R, Goad C, Rolf MM. Technical note: Validation of an automated system for monitoring and restricting water intake in group-housed beef steers. J Anim Sci 2017; 95:4213-4219. [PMID: 28991994 DOI: 10.2527/jas2017.1593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Insentec Roughage Intake Control (RIC) system has been validated for the collection of water intake; however, this system has not been validated for water restriction. The objective of this validation was to evaluate the agreement between direct observations and automated intakes collected by the RIC system under both ad libitum and restricted water conditions. A total of 239 crossbred steers were used in a 3-d validation trial, which assessed intake values generated by the RIC electronic intake monitoring system for both ad libitum water intake ( = 122; BASE) and restricted water intake ( = 117; RES). Direct human observations were collected on 4 Insentec water bins for three 24-h periods and three 12-h periods for BASE and RES, respectively. An intake event was noted by the observer when the electronic identification of the animal was read by the transponder and the gate lowered, and starting and ending bin weights were recorded for each intake event. Data from direct observations across each validation period were compared to automated observations generated from the RIC system. Missing beginning or ending weight values for visual observations occasionally occurred due to the observer being unable to capture the value before the monitor changed when bin activity was high. To estimate the impact of these missing values, analyses denoted as OBS were completed with the incomplete record coded as missing data. These analyses were contrasted with analyses where observations with a single missing beginning or end weight (but not both) were assumed to be identical to that which was recorded by the Insentec system (OBS). Difference in mean total intake across BASE steers was 0.60 ± 2.06 kg OBS (0.54 ± 1.99 kg OBS) greater for system observations than visual observations. The comparison of mean total intake across the 3 RES validation days was 0.53 ± 2.30 kg OBS (0.13 ± 1.83 kg OBS) greater for system observations than direct observations. Day was not a significant source of error in this study ( > 0.05). These results indicate that the system was capable of limiting water of individual animals with reasonable accuracy, although errors are slightly higher during water restriction than during ad libitum access. The Insentec system is a suitable resource for monitoring individual water intake of growing, group-housed steers under ad libitum and restricted water conditions.
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Platt L, Minozzi S, Reed J, Vickerman P, Hagan H, French C, Jordan A, Degenhardt L, Hope V, Hutchinson S, Maher L, Palmateer N, Taylor A, Bruneau J, Hickman M. Needle syringe programmes and opioid substitution therapy for preventing hepatitis C transmission in people who inject drugs. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017; 9:CD012021. [PMID: 28922449 PMCID: PMC5621373 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012021.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Needle syringe programmes and opioid substitution therapy for preventing hepatitis C transmission in people who inject drugsNeedle syringe programmes (NSP) and opioid substitution therapy (OST) are the primary interventions to reduce hepatitis C (HCV) transmission in people who inject drugs. There is good evidence for the effectiveness of NSP and OST in reducing injecting risk behaviour and increasing evidence for the effectiveness of OST and NSP in reducing HIV acquisition risk, but the evidence on the effectiveness of NSP and OST for preventing HCV acquisition is weak. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of needle syringe programmes and opioid substitution therapy, alone or in combination, for preventing acquisition of HCV in people who inject drugs. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Drug and Alcohol Register, CENTRAL, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE), the Health Technology Assessment Database (HTA), the NHS Economic Evaluation Database (NHSEED), MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Global Health, CINAHL, and the Web of Science up to 16 November 2015. We updated this search in March 2017, but we have not incorporated these results into the review yet. Where observational studies did not report any outcome measure, we asked authors to provide unpublished data. We searched publications of key international agencies and conference abstracts. We reviewed reference lists of all included articles and topic-related systematic reviews for eligible papers. SELECTION CRITERIA We included prospective and retrospective cohort studies, cross-sectional surveys, case-control studies and randomised controlled trials that measured exposure to NSP and/or OST against no intervention or a reduced exposure and reported HCV incidence as an outcome in people who inject drugs. We defined interventions as current OST (within previous 6 months), lifetime use of OST and high NSP coverage (regular attendance at an NSP or all injections covered by a new needle/syringe) or low NSP coverage (irregular attendance at an NSP or less than 100% of injections covered by a new needle/syringe) compared with no intervention or reduced exposure. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We followed the standard Cochrane methodological procedures incorporating new methods for classifying risk of bias for observational studies. We described study methods against the following 'Risk of bias' domains: confounding, selection bias, measurement of interventions, departures from intervention, missing data, measurement of outcomes, selection of reported results; and we assigned a judgment (low, moderate, serious, critical, unclear) for each criterion. MAIN RESULTS We identified 28 studies (21 published, 7 unpublished): 13 from North America, 5 from the UK, 4 from continental Europe, 5 from Australia and 1 from China, comprising 1817 incident HCV infections and 8806.95 person-years of follow-up. HCV incidence ranged from 0.09 cases to 42 cases per 100 person-years across the studies. We judged only two studies to be at moderate overall risk of bias, while 17 were at serious risk and 7 were at critical risk; for two unpublished datasets there was insufficient information to assess bias. As none of the intervention effects were generated from RCT evidence, we typically categorised quality as low. We found evidence that current OST reduces the risk of HCV acquisition by 50% (risk ratio (RR) 0.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.40 to 0.63, I2 = 0%, 12 studies across all regions, N = 6361), but the quality of the evidence was low. The intervention effect remained significant in sensitivity analyses that excluded unpublished datasets and papers judged to be at critical risk of bias. We found evidence of differential impact by proportion of female participants in the sample, but not geographical region of study, the main drug used, or history of homelessness or imprisonment among study samples.Overall, we found very low-quality evidence that high NSP coverage did not reduce risk of HCV acquisition (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.39 to 1.61) with high heterogeneity (I2 = 77%) based on five studies from North America and Europe involving 3530 participants. After stratification by region, high NSP coverage in Europe was associated with a 76% reduction in HCV acquisition risk (RR 0.24, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.62) with less heterogeneity (I2 =0%). We found low-quality evidence of the impact of combined high coverage of NSP and OST, from three studies involving 3241 participants, resulting in a 74% reduction in the risk of HCV acquisition (RR 0.26 95% CI 0.07 to 0.89). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS OST is associated with a reduction in the risk of HCV acquisition, which is strengthened in studies that assess the combination of OST and NSP. There was greater heterogeneity between studies and weaker evidence for the impact of NSP on HCV acquisition. High NSP coverage was associated with a reduction in the risk of HCV acquisition in studies in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Platt
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineDepartment of Social and Environmental Health Research15 ‐ 17 Tavistock PlaceLondonUKWC1H 9SH
| | - Silvia Minozzi
- Lazio Regional Health ServiceDepartment of EpidemiologyVia Cristoforo Colombo, 112RomeItaly00154
| | | | - Peter Vickerman
- University of BristolSchool of Social and Community MedicineBristolUK
| | - Holly Hagan
- New York University College of NursingNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Clare French
- University of BristolSchool of Social and Community MedicineBristolUK
| | - Ashly Jordan
- New York University College of NursingNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Louisa Degenhardt
- UNSWNational Drug and Alcohol Research CentreBuilding R322‐32 King StreetRandwickNSWAustralia2031
| | - Vivian Hope
- Liverpool John Moores UniversityPublic Health InstituteLiverpoolUKL3 2ET
| | | | - Lisa Maher
- Kirby Institute, University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia
| | | | | | - Julie Bruneau
- University of MontrealDepartment of Family and Emergency MedicineMontrealCanada
| | - Matthew Hickman
- University of BristolSchool of Social and Community MedicineBristolUK
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Parsa C, Taylor A. How to explain “flat” electroretinograms when patients with Leber's congenital amaurosis aren't blind. Acta Ophthalmol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.03335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Parsa
- Quinze-Vingts National Eye Hospital/UPMC-Sorbonne Universités; Ophthalmology; Paris France
| | - A. Taylor
- Université Libre de Bruxelles-Erasme Hospital; Ophthalmology; Brussels Belgium
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170
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Platt L, Sweeney S, Ward Z, Guinness L, Hickman M, Hope V, Hutchinson S, Maher L, Iversen J, Craine N, Taylor A, Munro A, Parry J, Smith J, Vickerman P. Assessing the impact and cost-effectiveness of needle and syringe provision and opioid substitution therapy on hepatitis C transmission among people who inject drugs in the UK: an analysis of pooled data sets and economic modelling. Public Health Res 2017. [DOI: 10.3310/phr05050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
There is limited evidence of the impact of needle and syringe programmes (NSPs) and opioid substitution therapy (OST) on hepatitis C virus (HCV) incidence among people who inject drugs (PWID), nor have there been any economic evaluations.
Objective(s)
To measure (1) the impact of NSP and OST, (2) changes in the extent of provision of both interventions, and (3) costs and cost-effectiveness of NSPs on HCV infection transmission.
Design
We conducted (1) a systematic review; (2) an analysis of existing data sets, including collating costs of NSPs; and (3) a dynamic deterministic model to estimate the impact of differing OST/NSP intervention coverage levels for reducing HCV infection prevalence, incidence and disease burden, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios to measure the cost-effectiveness of current NSP provision versus no provision.
Setting
Cost-effectiveness analysis and impact modelling in three UK sites. The pooled analysis drew on data from the UK and Australia. The review was international.
Participants
PWID.
Interventions
NSP coverage (proportion of injections covered by clean needles) and OST.
Outcome
New cases of HCV infection.
Results
The review suggested that OST reduced the risk of HCV infection acquisition by 50% [rate ratio (RR) 0.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.40 to 0.63]. Weaker evidence was found in areas of high (≥ 100%) NSP coverage (RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.38 to 1.54) internationally. There was moderate evidence for combined high coverage of NSPs and OST (RR 0.29, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.65). The pooled analysis showed that combined high coverage of NSPs and OST reduced the risk of HCV infection acquisition by 29–71% compared with those on minimal harm reduction (no OST, ≤ 100% NSP coverage). NSPs are likely to be cost-effective and are cost-saving in some settings. The impact modelling suggest that removing OST (current coverage 81%) and NSPs (coverage 54%) in one site would increase HCV infection incidence by 329% [95% credible interval (CrI) 110% to 953%] in 2031 and at least double (132% increase; 95% CrI 51% to 306%) the number of new infections over 15 years. Increasing NSP coverage to 80% has the largest impact in the site with the lowest current NSP coverage (35%), resulting in a 27% (95% CrI 7% to 43%) decrease in new infections and 41% (95% CrI 11% to 72%) decrease in incidence by 2031 compared with 2016. Addressing homelessness and reducing the harm associated with the injection of crack cocaine could avert approximately 60% of HCV infections over the next 15 years.
Limitations
Findings are limited by the misclassification of NSP coverage and the simplified intervention definition that fails to capture the integrated services that address other social and health needs as part of this.
Conclusions
There is moderate evidence of the effectiveness of OST and NSPs, especially in combination, on HCV infection acquisition risk. Policies to ensure that NSPs can be accessed alongside OST are needed. NSPs are cost-saving in some sites and cost-effective in others. NSPs and OST are likely to prevent considerable rates of HCV infection in the UK. Increasing NSP coverage will have most impact in settings with low coverage. Scaling up other interventions such as HCV infection treatment are needed to decrease epidemics to low levels in higher prevalence settings.
Future work
To understand the mechanisms through which NSPs and OST achieve their effect and the optimum contexts to support implementation.
Funding
The National Institute for Health Research Public Health Research programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Platt
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Sedona Sweeney
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Zoe Ward
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lorna Guinness
- Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Matthew Hickman
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Vivian Hope
- Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Sharon Hutchinson
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lisa Maher
- Viral Hepatitis Epidemiology and Prevention Program, Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jenny Iversen
- Viral Hepatitis Epidemiology and Prevention Program, Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Noel Craine
- Health Protection Division, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Avril Taylor
- School of Media Society and Culture, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - Alison Munro
- School of Social Science, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - John Parry
- Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - Josie Smith
- Health Protection Division, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Peter Vickerman
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Allwardt K, Ahlberg C, Broocks A, Bruno K, Taylor A, Place S, Richards C, Krehbiel C, Calvo-Lorenzo M, DeSilva U, VanOverbeke D, Mateescu R, Goad C, Rolf MM. Technical note: Validation of an automated system for monitoring and restricting water intake in group-housed beef steers1,2. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2017.1593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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172
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Stone J, Martin NK, Hickman M, Hutchinson SJ, Aspinall E, Taylor A, Munro A, Dunleavy K, Peters E, Bramley P, Hayes PC, Goldberg DJ, Vickerman P. Modelling the impact of incarceration and prison-based hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment on HCV transmission among people who inject drugs in Scotland. Addiction 2017; 112:1302-1314. [PMID: 28257600 PMCID: PMC5461206 DOI: 10.1111/add.13783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS People who inject drugs (PWID) experience high incarceration rates, and previous incarceration is associated with elevated hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission risk. In Scotland, national survey data indicate lower HCV incidence in prison than the community (4.3 versus 7.3 per 100 person-years), but a 2.3-fold elevated transmission risk among recently released (< 6 months) PWID. We evaluated the contribution of incarceration to HCV transmission among PWID and the impact of prison-related prevention interventions, including scaling-up direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in prison. DESIGN Dynamic mathematical modelling of incarceration and HCV transmission, using approximate Bayesian computation for model calibration. SETTING Scotland, UK. PARTICIPANTS A simulated population of PWID. MEASUREMENTS Population-attributable fraction (PAF) of incarceration to HCV transmission among PWID. Decrease in HCV incidence and chronic prevalence due to current levels of prison opiate substitution therapy (OST; 57% coverage) and HCV treatment, as well as scaling-up DAAs in prison and/or preventing the elevated risk associated with prison release. FINDINGS Incarceration contributes 27.7% [PAF; 95% credible interval (CrI) -3.1 to 51.1%] of HCV transmission among PWID in Scotland. During the next 15 years, current HCV treatment rates (10.4/6.8 per 1000 incarcerated/community PWID annually), with existing prison OST, could reduce incidence and chronic prevalence among all PWID by a relative 10.7% (95% CrI = 8.4-13.3%) and 9.7% (95% CrI = 7.7-12.1%), respectively. Conversely, without prison OST, HCV incidence and chronic prevalence would decrease by 3.1% (95% CrI = -28.5 to 18.0%) and 4.7% (95% CrI = -11.3 to 14.5%). Additionally, preventing the heightened risk among recently released PWID could reduce incidence and chronic prevalence by 45.0% (95% CrI = 19.7-57.5%) and 33.3% (95% CrI = 15.6-43.6%) or scaling-up prison HCV treatments to 80% of chronic PWID prison entrants with sufficient sentences (>16 weeks) could reduce incidence and prevalence by 45.6% (95% CrI = 38.0-51.3%) and 45.5% (95% CrI = 39.3-51.0%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Incarceration and the elevated transmission risk following prison release can contribute significantly to hepatitis C virus transmission among people who inject drugs. Scaling-up hepatitis C virus treatment in prison can provide important prevention benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Stone
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of Bristol, BristolUK
| | - Natasha K. Martin
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of Bristol, BristolUK,Division of Global Public HealthUniversity of California San DiegoSan DiegoCAUSA
| | - Matthew Hickman
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of Bristol, BristolUK
| | - Sharon J. Hutchinson
- School of Health and Life SciencesGlasgow Caledonian University, GlasgowUK,Health Protection ScotlandGlasgowUK
| | - Esther Aspinall
- School of Health and Life SciencesGlasgow Caledonian University, GlasgowUK,Health Protection ScotlandGlasgowUK
| | - Avril Taylor
- School of Media, Culture and SocietyUniversity of the West of Scotland, PaisleyUK
| | - Alison Munro
- School of Media, Culture and SocietyUniversity of the West of Scotland, PaisleyUK
| | - Karen Dunleavy
- School of Media, Culture and SocietyUniversity of the West of Scotland, PaisleyUK
| | | | - Peter Bramley
- NHS Forth Valley Viral Hepatitis Service, StirlingUK
| | - Peter C. Hayes
- Division of Health SciencesRoyal Infirmary Edinburgh, EdinburghUK
| | - David J. Goldberg
- School of Health and Life SciencesGlasgow Caledonian University, GlasgowUK,Health Protection ScotlandGlasgowUK
| | - Peter Vickerman
- School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of Bristol, BristolUK
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173
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Shi Z, Riley M, Taylor A, Page A. Chilli consumption and the incidence of overweight and obesity in a Chinese adult population. Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2017.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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174
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Affiliation(s)
- A Taylor
- Trauma and Orthopaedics Department, Royal United Hospital Bath, Bath, UK
| | - G Giddins
- Trauma and Orthopaedics Department, Royal United Hospital Bath, Bath, UK
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175
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Taylor A, Frost F, Ledson M, Spencer-Clegg E, Sapina-Vivo R, Walshaw M. 185 Doxycycline vs. chloramphenicol for use in exacerbations of CF. J Cyst Fibros 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(17)30549-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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176
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Affiliation(s)
- P. R. Okamoto
- Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - A. T. Santhanam
- Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - H. Wiedersich
- Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - A. Taylor
- Argonne National Laboratory, Materials Science Division, Argonne, Illinois 60439
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177
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Kong V, Taylor A, Craig T, Chung P, Rosewall T. PV-0460: Comparison of 3 Image-guided Adaptive Strategies for Bladder Radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)30901-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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178
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Llewelyn M, Taylor A. PV-0134: Isotoxic stereotactic radiotherapy for central pelvic recurrence in gynecological cancer. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)30577-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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179
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Bernstein D, Taylor A, Nill S, Oelfke U. EP-1715: Differences in delineation uncertainty using MR images only vs CT-MR in recurrent gynaecological GTV. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)32247-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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180
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Taylor A, He X, Wang A, Morla A. Quantification of 11- nor -9-carboxy-THC and panel of 22 drugs in hair using a hybrid triple quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer (QTRAP). Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2017.03.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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181
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Tkachenko O, Taylor A, Basner M, Dinges D. 0191 IMPACT OF CHRONIC PARTIAL SLEEP RESTRICTION ON SLEEPING PATTERNS BEYOND THE LABORATORY. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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182
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Muelenaer P, Hall R, Kelly P, Kochersberger K, Muelenaer A, Powell J, Talbot P, Taylor A. TEAM Malawi (Technology-Education-Advocacy-Medicine Malawi): A
Multidisciplinary Global Health Experience. Ann Glob Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aogh.2017.03.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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183
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Fernquest S, Arnold C, Palmer A, Broomfield J, Denton J, Taylor A, Glyn-Jones S. Osseous impingement occurs early in flexion in cam-type femoroacetabular impingement. Bone Joint J 2017; 99-B:41-48. [DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.99b4.bjj-2016-1274.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Aims The aim of this study was to examine the real time in vivo kinematics of the hip in patients with cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Patients and Methods A total of 50 patients (83 hips) underwent 4D dynamic CT scanning of the hip, producing real time osseous models of the pelvis and femur being moved through flexion, adduction, and internal rotation. The location and size of the cam deformity and its relationship to the angle of flexion of the hip and pelvic tilt, and the position of impingement were recorded. Results In these patients with cam-type FAI, there was significant correlation between the alpha angle and flexion to the point of impingement (mean 41.36°; 14.32° to 57.95°) (R = -0.5815 and p = < 0.001). Patients with a large cam deformity (alpha angle > 78°) had significantly less flexion to the point of impingement (mean 36.30°; 14.32° to 55.18°) than patients with a small cam deformity (alpha angle 60° to 78°) (mean 45.34°; 27.25° to 57.95°) (p = < 0.001). Conclusion This study has shown that cam-type impingement can occur early in flexion (40°), particularly in patients with large anterior deformities. These patients risk chondrolabral damage during routine activities such as walking, and going up stairs. These findings offer important insights into the cause of the symptoms, the mechanisms of screening and the forms of treatment available for these patients. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B(4 Supple B):41–8.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Fernquest
- University of Oxford, Botnar
Research Centre, Old Road, Oxford, OX3
7LD, UK
| | - C. Arnold
- University of Oxford, Botnar
Research Centre, Old Road, Oxford, OX3
7LD, UK
| | - A. Palmer
- University of Oxford, Botnar
Research Centre, Old Road, Oxford, OX3
7LD, UK
| | - J. Broomfield
- University of Oxford, Botnar
Research Centre, Old Road, Oxford, OX3
7LD, UK
| | - J. Denton
- The Manor Hospital, Nuffield
Health, Oxford, Beech
Road, OX3 7RP, UK
| | - A. Taylor
- University of Oxford, Botnar
Research Centre, Old Road, Oxford, OX3
7LD, UK
| | - S. Glyn-Jones
- University of Oxford, Botnar
Research Centre, Old Road, Oxford, OX3
7LD, UK
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184
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Gilchrist G, Swan D, Shaw A, Keding A, Towers S, Craine N, Munro A, Hughes E, Parrott S, Strang J, Taylor A, Watson J. The acceptability and feasibility of a brief psychosocial intervention to reduce blood-borne virus risk behaviours among people who inject drugs: a randomised control feasibility trial of a psychosocial intervention (the PROTECT study) versus treatment as usual. Harm Reduct J 2017; 14:14. [PMID: 28320406 PMCID: PMC5359828 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-017-0142-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While opiate substitution therapy and injecting equipment provision (IEP) have reduced blood-borne viruses (BBV) among people who inject drugs (PWID), some PWID continue to share injecting equipment and acquire BBV. Psychosocial interventions that address risk behaviours could reduce BBV transmission among PWID. METHODS A pragmatic, two-armed randomised controlled, open feasibility study of PWID attending drug treatment or IEP in four UK regions. Ninety-nine PWID were randomly allocated to receive a three-session manualised psychosocial group intervention and BBV transmission information booklet plus treatment as usual (TAU) (n = 52) or information booklet plus TAU (n = 47). The intervention was developed from evidence-based literature, qualitative interviews with PWID, key stakeholder consultations, and expert opinion. Recruitment rates, retention in treatment, follow-up completion rates and health economic data completion measured feasibility. RESULTS Fifty-six percent (99/176) of eligible PWID were recruited. More participants attended at least one intervention session in London (10/16; 63%) and North Wales (7/13; 54%) than in Glasgow (3/12; 25%) and York (0/11). Participants who attended no sessions (n = 32) compared to those attending at least one (n = 20) session were more likely to be homeless (56 vs 25%, p = 0.044), injected drugs for a greater number of days (median 25 vs 6.5, p = 0.019) and used a greater number of needles from an IEP in the last month (median 31 vs 20, p = 0.056). No adverse events were reported. 45.5% (45/99) were followed up 1 month post-intervention. Feedback forms confirmed that the intervention was acceptable to both intervention facilitators and participants who attended it. Follow-up attendance was associated with fewer days of injecting in the last month (median 14 vs 27, p = 0.030) and fewer injections of cocaine (13 vs 30%, p = 0.063). Analysis of the questionnaires identified several service use questionnaire categories that could be excluded from the assessment battery in a full-randomised controlled trial. CONCLUSIONS Findings should be interpreted with caution due to small sample sizes. A future definitive RCT of the psychosocial intervention is not feasible. The complex needs of some PWID may have limited their engagement in the intervention. More flexible delivery methods may have greater reach. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN66453696.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Gilchrist
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Addictions Sciences Building, 4 Windsor Walk, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8BB, England, UK.
| | - Davina Swan
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Addictions Sciences Building, 4 Windsor Walk, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8BB, England, UK
| | - April Shaw
- School of Media, Culture & Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley Campus, High Street, Paisley, PA1 2BE, Scotland, UK
| | - Ada Keding
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, England, UK
| | - Sarah Towers
- Betsi Cadwaladr University Hospital Trust, 10 Grove Road, Wrexham, LL11 1DY, Wales, UK
| | - Noel Craine
- Public Health Wales, Microbiology Department, Ysbyty Gwynedd, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2PW, Wales, UK
| | - Alison Munro
- School of Media, Culture & Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley Campus, High Street, Paisley, PA1 2BE, Scotland, UK
| | - Elizabeth Hughes
- School of Health and Human Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, HD1 3DH, England, UK
| | - Steve Parrott
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, England, UK
| | - John Strang
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Addictions Sciences Building, 4 Windsor Walk, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8BB, England, UK
| | - Avril Taylor
- School of Media, Culture & Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley Campus, High Street, Paisley, PA1 2BE, Scotland, UK
| | - Judith Watson
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, England, UK
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185
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Bird SM, McAuley A, Munro A, Hutchinson SJ, Taylor A. Prison-based prescriptions aid Scotland's National Naloxone Programme. Lancet 2017; 389:1005-1006. [PMID: 28290986 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(17)30656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheila M Bird
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Strathclyde University, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Andrew McAuley
- Health Protection Scotland, Glasgow, UK; Institute for Applied Health Research, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alison Munro
- School of Media, Culture and Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - Sharon J Hutchinson
- Health Protection Scotland, Glasgow, UK; Institute for Applied Health Research, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Avril Taylor
- School of Media, Culture and Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
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186
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Granbichler CA, Oberaigner W, Kuchukhidze G, Ndayisaba JP, Ndayisaba A, Taylor A, Bauer G, Luef G, Trinka E. Decrease in mortality of adult epilepsy patients since 1980: lessons learned from a hospital-based cohort. Eur J Neurol 2017; 24:667-672. [PMID: 28239917 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Data on mortality in patients with epilepsy have been available since the 1800s. They consistently show a 2-3-fold increase compared to the general population. Despite major advances in diagnostic tools and treatment options, there is no evidence for a decrease in premature deaths. The temporal trend of mortality in a hospital-based epilepsy cohort over three decades was assessed. METHODS A hospital-based incidence cohort was recruited from a specialized epilepsy outpatient clinic at Innsbruck Medical University between 1980 and 2007, divided by decade into three cohorts and followed for 5 years after initial epilepsy diagnosis. Deaths and their primary causes were determined using probabilistic record linkage with the Austrian death registry. Age-, sex- and period-adjusted standardized mortality rates (SMRs) were computed in relation to the general population of the same area and grouped according to time of diagnosis. RESULTS In all, 122 deaths in 4549.9 person-years (1954.5 women, 2595.2 men) were identified. The overall SMR was 2.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.8-2.6] and decreased from 3.0 (95% CI 2.1-4.3) in 1980-1989, to 2.7 (95% CI 2.0-3.5) in 1990-1999 and to 1.4 (95% CI 1.0-2.0) in 2000-2007. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates a decrease in mortality in newly diagnosed epilepsy patients over the last three decades. This may be due to advances in diagnosis and treatment over the past three decades, including early identification of drug resistance, introduction of new anti-epileptic drugs and establishment of a comprehensive epilepsy surgery programme in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Granbichler
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - W Oberaigner
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology, TILAK, Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Public Health and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT - University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | - G Kuchukhidze
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - J-P Ndayisaba
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - A Ndayisaba
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - A Taylor
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - G Bauer
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - G Luef
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - E Trinka
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.,Department of Public Health and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT - University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall in Tirol, Austria
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187
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Goldberg D, Cameron S, Sharp G, Burns S, Scott G, Molyneaux P, Scoular A, Downie A, Taylor A. Hepatitis C virus among genitourinary clinic attenders in Scotland: unlinked anonymous testing. Int J STD AIDS 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/095646240101200104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Our objective is to gauge the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies among a population at risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and, thus, the efficiency with which the virus is transmitted sexually. The investigators undertook an unlinked anonymous HCV antibody testing study of residual syphilis serology specimens taken from attenders of genitourinary clinics in Glasgow, Edinburgh and Aberdeen during 1996/97. The results were linked to non-identifying risk information. Anti-HCV prevalences among non-injecting heterosexual men and women, and non-injecting homosexual/bisexual males ranged between 0 and 1.2%; the only exception to this was a 7.7% (4/52) prevalence among homosexual/bisexual males in Aberdeen. The overall anti-HCV prevalence for homosexual/bisexual males was 0.6% (4/668), for heterosexual males 0.8% (32/4135), for heterosexual females 0.3% (10/3035) and for injecting drug users 49% (72/148). Only 3 (all female) of the 46 non-injectors who were antibody positive were non-UK nationals or had lived abroad. HCV antibody positive injectors were less likely to have an acute STI and more likely to know their HCV status than non-injectors; no differences in these parameters were found between positive and negative non-injectors on anonymous HCV antibody testing. Our findings are in keeping with the prevailing view that HCV can be acquired through sexual intercourse but, for most people, the probability of this occurring is extremely low. Interventions to prevent the spread of HCV should be targeted mainly at injecting drug user (IDU) populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Goldberg
- Scottish Centre for Infection and Environmental Health, Glasgow
| | - S Cameron
- Regional Virus Laboratory, Gartnavel General Hospital, Glasgow
| | - G Sharp
- Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow
| | - S Burns
- Regional Virus Laboratory, City Hospital, Edinburgh
| | - G Scott
- Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh
| | - P Molyneaux
- University Department of Bacteriology, Foresterhill, Aberdeen
| | - A Scoular
- Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow
| | - A Downie
- Department of Genitourinary Medicine, Royal Hospital, Aberdeen, UK
| | - A Taylor
- Scottish Centre for Infection and Environmental Health, Glasgow
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188
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Bertran EA, Berlie HD, Taylor A, Divine G, Jaber LA. Diagnostic performance of HbA 1c for diabetes in Arab vs. European populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabet Med 2017; 34:156-166. [PMID: 26996656 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine differences in the performance of HbA1c for diagnosing diabetes in Arabs compared with Europeans. METHODS The PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library databases were searched for records published between 1998 and 2015. Estimates of sensitivity, specificity and log diagnostic odds ratios for an HbA1c cut-point of 48 mmol/mol (6.5%) were compared between Arabs and Europeans, using a bivariate linear mixed-model approach. For studies reporting multiple cut-points, population-specific summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves were constructed. In addition, sensitivity, specificity and Youden Index were estimated for strata defined by HbA1c cut-point and population type. Database searches yielded 1912 unique records; 618 full-text articles were reviewed. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria; hand-searching yielded three additional eligible studies. Three Arab (N = 2880) and 16 European populations (N = 49 127) were included in the analysis. RESULTS Summary sensitivity and specificity for a HbA1c cut-point of 48 mmol/mol (6.5%) in both populations were 42% (33-51%), and 97% (95-98%). There was no difference in area under SROC curves between Arab and European populations (0.844 vs. 0.847; P = 0.867), suggesting no difference in HbA1c diagnostic accuracy between populations. Multiple cut-point summary estimates stratified by population suggest that Arabs have lower sensitivity and higher specificity at a HbA1c cut-point of 44 mmol/mol (6.2%) compared with European populations. Estimates also suggest similar test performance at cut-points of 44 mmol/mol (6.2%) and 48 mmol/mol (6.5%) for Arabs. CONCLUSIONS Given the low sensitivity of HbA1c in the high-risk Arab American population, we recommend a combination of glucose-based and HbA1c testing to ensure an accurate and timely diagnosis of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Bertran
- Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wayne State University, Detroit
| | - H D Berlie
- Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wayne State University, Detroit
| | - A Taylor
- Henry Ford Health System, Department of Public Health Sciences, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - G Divine
- Henry Ford Health System, Department of Public Health Sciences, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - L A Jaber
- Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wayne State University, Detroit
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189
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Grammatopoulos G, Alvand A, Martin H, Whitwell D, Taylor A, Gibbons CLMH. Five-year outcome of proximal femoral endoprosthetic arthroplasty for non-tumour indications. Bone Joint J 2017; 98-B:1463-1470. [PMID: 27803221 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.98b11.bjj-2016-0244.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A possible solution for the management of proximal femoral bone loss is a modular femoral endoprosthesis (EPR). Although the outcome of EPRs in tumour surgery has been well described, the outcome of their use in revision hip surgery has received less attention. The aim of this study was to describe the outcome of using EPR for non-neoplastic indications. METHODS A retrospective review of 79 patients who underwent 80 EPRs for non-neoplastic indications was performed, including the rates of complication and survival and the mean Oxford Hip Scores (OHS), at a mean of five years post-operatively. The mean age at the time of surgery was 69 years (28 to 93) and the mean number of previous operations on the hip was 2.4 (0 to 17). The most common indications for EPR implantation were periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) (n = 40), periprosthetic fracture (n = 12) and failed osteosynthesis of a proximal femoral fracture or complex trauma (n = 11). RESULTS Salvage was achieved in all patients. A total of 25 patients (25 EPRs, 31.6%) had a complication, the most common being infection (n = 9) and dislocation (n = 3). Further surgery was required for 18 EPRs (22%), nine of which were revision procedures. The five year survival of the EPR was 87% (95%CI: 76% to 98%). The mean OHS was 28 (4 to 48). Inferior survival and outcomes were seen in EPRs which were performed for the treatment of infection. However, the eradication of infection was achieved in 33 of the 40 (82.5%) which were undertaken for this indication. CONCLUSION We recommend the continued use of proximal femoral EPRs for non-neoplastic indications, including PJI. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1463-70.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Grammatopoulos
- Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Windmill Road, Headington, OX3 7LD, Oxford, UK
| | - A Alvand
- University of Oxford , Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Windmill Road, Headington, OX3 7LD, Oxford, UK
| | - H Martin
- Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Windmill Road, Headington, OX3 7LD, Oxford, UK
| | - D Whitwell
- Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Windmill Road, Headington, OX3 7LD, Oxford, UK
| | - A Taylor
- Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Windmill Road, Headington, OX3 7LD, Oxford, UK
| | - C L M H Gibbons
- Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Windmill Road, Headington, OX3 7LD, Oxford, UK
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190
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Prabhu S, Costello B, Voskoboinik A, Mclellan A, Peck K, Pathik B, Nalliah C, Wong G, Azzopardi S, Lee G, Gutman S, Mariani J, Ling L, Taylor A, Kalman J, Kistler P. Ventricular Fibrosis Improves Following AF Ablation in Patients with Persistent AF and Heart Failure. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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191
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Taylor A, McLeod G. Preparing to Pass the FRCA . C. Whymark. Br J Anaesth 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aew394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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192
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Prabhu S, McLellan A, Voskoboinik A, Peck K, Pathik B, Nalliah C, Wong G, Mariani J, Lee G, Ling L, Taylor A, Kalman J, Kistler P. Pulmonary Vein Activity in Systolic Heart Failure and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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193
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Verganti S, Berlato D, Blackwood L, Amores-Fuster I, Polton GA, Elders R, Doyle R, Taylor A, Murphy S. Use of Oncept melanoma vaccine in 69 canine oral malignant melanomas in the UK. J Small Anim Pract 2017; 58:10-16. [PMID: 28094857 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral malignant melanomas carry a poor-to-guarded prognosis because of their local invasiveness and high metastatic propensity. The Oncept melanoma vaccine is licensed to treat dogs with stage II or III locally-controlled oral malignant melanoma and this retrospective study aimed to assess survival of affected dogs treated with the vaccine in the UK. MATERIAL AND METHODS Medical records of dogs with histopathologically-confirmed oral malignant melanoma that received the vaccine as part of their treatment were evaluated. Survival analyses for potential prognostic factors were performed. RESULTS Sixty-nine dogs were included; 56 dogs, staged I to III, and with previous locoregional therapy, had a median survival time of 455 days (95% CI: 324 to 586 days). Based on Kaplan-Meier survival analysis with associated log-rank testing, no significant prognostic factors were identified for this population. Of the 13 patients with macroscopic disease treated with vaccine alone or in combination therapy, eight showed clinical response. Three patients with stage IV oral malignant melanoma survived 171, 178 and 288 days from diagnosis. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Patients treated with the melanoma vaccine in our study had survival times similar to their counterparts receiving the vaccine in the USA. There were observed responses in patients with macroscopic disease and so the vaccine could be considered as palliative treatment in dogs with stage IV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Verganti
- Animal Health Trust, Kentford, Newmarket CB8 7UU
| | - D Berlato
- Animal Health Trust, Kentford, Newmarket CB8 7UU
| | - L Blackwood
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside L3 5DA
| | - I Amores-Fuster
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside L3 5DA
| | - G A Polton
- North Downs Specialist Referrals, Bletchingley, Redhill RH1 4QP
| | - R Elders
- Animal Health Trust, Kentford, Newmarket CB8 7UU
| | - R Doyle
- Davies Veterinary Specialists, Higham Gobion, Hitchin SG5 3HR
| | - A Taylor
- The Royal Veterinary College, Kings Cross, London NW1 0TU
| | - S Murphy
- Animal Health Trust, Kentford, Newmarket CB8 7UU
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194
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Voskoboinik A, Kalman E, Costello B, La Gerche A, Springer F, Prabhu S, Wong G, Nalliah C, Taylor A, Kistler P. Modest Alcohol Consumption is Associated with Atrial Myopathy: A Prospective MRI-Based Study. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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195
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Prabhu S, Voskoboinik A, Mclellan A, Peck K, Nalliah C, Wong G, Azzopardi S, Lee G, Mariani J, Ling L, Taylor A, Kalman J, Kistler P. A Comparison of the Electrophysiologic and Electroanatomic Characteristics Between the Right and Left Atrium in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Is the Right Atrium a Window into the Left? Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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196
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Prabhu S, Kalla M, Voskoboinik A, Mclellan A, Peck K, Pathik B, Nalliah C, Wong G, Azzopardi S, Lee G, Mariani J, Ling L, Taylor A, Kalman J, Kistler P. Rapid Pulmonary Vein Firing Does Not Predict AF Ablation Outcome in Persistent AF. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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197
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Costello B, Qadri M, Price B, Rudman M, Thompson M, Hurley J, La Gerche A, Hare J, Taylor A. The Ventricular Residence Time Distribution Derived from 4D Flow Particle tracing–A Novel Marker of Myocardial Dysfunction. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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198
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Fang L, Ellims A, Beale A, Taylor A, Murphy A, Dart A. Relationships Between Systemic Inflammation and Myocardial Fibrosis, Diastolic Dysfunction, and Cardiac Hypertrophy in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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199
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Prabhu S, Voskoboinik A, Mclellan A, Peck K, Pathik B, Nalliah C, Wong G, Azzopardi S, Lee G, Mariani J, Ling L, Taylor A, Kalman J, Kistler P. Systolic Heart Failure is Associated with More Advanced Bi-Atrial Substrate Independent of AF Duration in Persistent AF. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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200
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Chan FY, Soong B, Taylor A, Bornick P, Allen M, Cincotta R, Quintero R. Fetal endoscopic telesurgery using an Internet Protocol connection: Clinical and technical challenges. J Telemed Telecare 2016; 9 Suppl 2:S12-4. [PMID: 14728749 DOI: 10.1258/135763303322596138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, fetoscopic laser surgery to seal the placental anastomoses that cause severe twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome has been available in only a few centres worldwide. The technique typically takes a long time to learn. We have used a dedicated Internet Protocol (IP) connection for tele-education to assist the introduction of fetoscopic laser surgery to Australia. During the implementation of the international telemedicine link, there were multiple clinical and technical problems, which were eventually overcome. The quality of images and of video-sequences was comparable to that supported by an ISDN connection. Pictures of live surgery performed by an expert in Florida, USA, were transmitted and viewed by a novice team in Brisbane, Australia. The Australian team has performed 19 fetoscopic laser operations to date. Preliminary results are comparable to those from centres that have performed over 100 procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Y Chan
- Mater Centre for Maternal Fetal Medicine, Mater Mothers' Hospital, South Brisbane, Brisbane, Australia.
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