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Lee MH, Schedl T. Identification of in vivo mRNA targets of GLD-1, a maxi-KH motif containing protein required for C. elegans germ cell development. Genes Dev 2001; 15:2408-20. [PMID: 11562350 PMCID: PMC312783 DOI: 10.1101/gad.915901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans GLD-1, a KH motif containing RNA-binding protein of the GSG/STAR subfamily, controls diverse aspects of germ line development, suggesting that it may have multiple mRNA targets. We used an immunoprecipitation/subtractive hybridization/cloning strategy to identify 15 mRNAs that are putative targets of GLD-1 binding and regulation. For one target, the rme-2 yolk receptor mRNA, GLD-1 acts as a translational repressor to spatially restrict RME-2 accumulation, and thus yolk uptake, to late-stage oocytes. We found that GLD-1 binds sequences in both 5' coding and the 3' untranslated region of rme-2 mRNA. Initial characterization of the other 14 targets shows that (1) they are coexpressed with GLD-1; (2) they can have mutant/RNA-mediated interference depletion phenotypes indicating functions in germ line development or as maternal products necessary for early embryogenesis; and (3) GLD-1 may coregulate mRNAs corresponding to functionally redundant subsets of genes within two gene families. Thus, a diverse set of genes have come under GLD-1-mediated regulation to achieve normal germ line development. Previous work identified tra-2 as a GLD-1 target for germ line sex determination. Comparisons of GLD-1-mediated translational control of rme-2 and tra-2 suggests that the mechanisms may differ for distinct target mRNA species.
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Abe K, Abe K, Adachi I, Ahn BS, Aihara H, Akatsu M, Alimonti G, Asano Y, Aso T, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Bakich AM, Bartel W, Behari S, Behera PK, Beiline D, Bondar A, Bozek A, Browder TE, Casey BC, Chang P, Chao Y, Cheon BG, Choi SK, Choi Y, Eidelman S, Enari Y, Enomoto R, Fang F, Fujii H, Fukunaga C, Fukushima M, Garmash A, Gordon A, Gotow K, Guo R, Haba J, Hamasaki H, Hanagaki K, Handa F, Hara K, Hara T, Hastings NC, Hayashii H, Hazumi M, Heenan EM, Higuchi I, Higuchi T, Hirano H, Hojo T, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Hsu SC, Huang HC, Igarashi Y, Iijima T, Ikeda H, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Ishino H, Itoh R, Iwai G, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki Y, Jackson DJ, Jalocha P, Jang HK, Jones M, Kagan R, Kakuno H, Kaneko J, Kang JH, Kang JS, Katayama N, Kawai H, Kawai H, Kawasaki T, Kichimi H, Kim DW, Kim H, Kim HJ, Kim H, Kim SK, Kinoshita K, Kobayashi S, Krokovny P, Kulasiri R, Kumar S, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Lee MH, Lee SH, Liventsev D, Lu RS, Marlow D, Matsubara T, Matsumoto S, Matsumoto T, Miyabayashi K, Miyake H, Miyata H, Moloney GR, Mori S, Mori T, Murakami A, Nagamine T, Nagasaka Y, Nakadaira T, Nakano E, Nakao M, Nam JW, Narita S, Neichi K, Nishida S, Nitoh O, Noguchi S, Nozaki T, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Okabe T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Ozaki H, Pakhlov P, Palka H, Park CS, Park CW, Park H, Peak LS, Peters M, Piilonen LE, Rodriguez JL, Root N, Rozanska M, Rybicki K, Ryuko J, Sagawa H, Sakai Y, Sakamoto H, Satapathy M, Satpathy A, Schrenk S, Semenov S, Senyo K, Sevior ME, Shibuya H, Shwartz B, Sidorov V, Singh JB, Stanic S, Sugi A, Sugiyama A, Sumisawa K, Sumiyoshi T, Suzuki JI, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Suzuki SY, Swain SK, Takahashi T, Takasaki F, Takita M, Tamai K, Tamura N, Tanaka J, Tanaka M, Taylor GN, Teramoto Y, Tomoto M, Tomura T, Tovey SN, Trabelsi K, Tsuboyama T, Tsukamoto T, Uehara S, Ueno K, Unno Y, Uno S, Ushiroda Y, Usov Y, Vahsen SE, Varner G, Varvell KE, Wang CC, Wang CH, Wang JG, Wang MZ, Watanabe Y, Won E, Yabsley BD, Yamada Y, Yamaga M, Yamaguchi A, Yamamoto H, Yamashita Y, Yamauchi M, Yanaka S, Yokoyama M, Yoshida K, Yusa Y, Yuta H, Zhang CC, Zhang J, Zhao HW, Zheng Y, Zhilich V, Zontar D. Observation of Cabibbo suppressed B --> D(*)K- decays at Belle. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 87:111801. [PMID: 11531511 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.111801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report observations of the Cabibbo suppressed decays B-->D((*))K- using a 10.4 fb(-1) data sample accumulated at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB e(+)e(-) storage ring. We find that the ratios of Cabibbo suppressed to Cabibbo favored branching fractions are B(B--->D0K-)/B(B--->D0pi(-)) = 0.079+/-0.009+/-0.006, B(B(0)-->D+K-)/B(B(0)-->D+pi(-)) = 0.068+/-0.015+/-0.007, B(B--->D(*0)K-)/B(B--->D(*0)pi(-)) = 0.078+/-0.019+/-0.009, and B(B(0)-->D(*+)K-)/B(B(0)-->D(*+)pi(-)) = 0.074+/-0.015+/-0.006. These are the first observations of the B-->D+K-, D(*0)K-, and D(*+)K- decay processes.
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Abe K, Abe K, Adachi I, Ahn BS, Aihara H, Akatsu M, Alimonti G, Asano Y, Aso T, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Bakich AM, Bartel W, Behari S, Behera PK, Beiline D, Bondar A, Bozek A, Browder TE, Casey BC, Chang P, Chao Y, Chen KF, Cheon BG, Choi SK, Choi Y, Eidelman S, Enari Y, Enomoto R, Fang F, Fujii H, Fukushima M, Garmash A, Gordon A, Gotow K, Guo R, Haba J, Hamasaki H, Hanagaki K, Handa F, Hara K, Hara T, Hastings NC, Hayashii H, Hazumi M, Heenan EM, Higuchi I, Higuchi T, Hirano H, Hojo T, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Hsu SC, Huang HC, Igarashi Y, Iijima T, Ikeda H, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Ishino H, Itoh R, Iwai G, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki Y, Jackson DJ, Jalocha P, Jang HK, Jones M, Kakuno H, Kaneko J, Kang JH, Kang JS, Katayama N, Kawai H, Kawai H, Kawasaki T, Kichimi H, Kim DW, Kim H, Kim HJ, Kim H, Kim SK, Kinoshita K, Kobayashi S, Krokovny P, Kulasiri R, Kumar S, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Lee MH, Lee SH, Liventsev D, Lu RS, Marlow D, Matsubara T, Matsumoto S, Matsumoto T, Mikami Y, Miyabayashi K, Miyake H, Miyata H, Moloney GR, Mori S, Mori T, Murakami A, Nagamine T, Nagasaka Y, Nakadaira T, Nakano E, Nakao M, Nam JW, Narita S, Nishida S, Nitoh O, Noguchi S, Nozaki T, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Okabe T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Ozaki H, Pakhlov P, Palka H, Park CS, Park CW, Park H, Peak LS, Peters M, Piilonen LE, Rodriguez JL, Root N, Rozanska M, Rybicki K, Ryuko J, Sagawa H, Sakai Y, Sakamoto H, Satapathy M, Satpathy A, Schrenk S, Semenov S, Senyo K, Sevior ME, Shibuya H, Shwartz B, Sidorov V, Singh JB, Stanic S, Sugi A, Sugiyama A, Sumisawa K, Sumiyoshi T, Suzuki JI, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Suzuki SY, Swain SK, Tajima H, Takahashi T, Takasaki F, Takita M, Tamai K, Tamura N, Tanaka J, Tanaka M, Taylor GN, Teramoto Y, Tomoto M, Tomura T, Tovey SN, Trabelsi K, Tsuboyama T, Tsukamoto T, Uehara S, Ueno K, Unno Y, Uno S, Ushiroda Y, Usov Y, Vahsen SE, Varner G, Varvell KE, Wang CC, Wang CH, Wang JG, Wang MZ, Watanabe Y, Won E, Yabsley BD, Yamada Y, Yamaga M, Yamaguchi A, Yamamoto H, Yamashita Y, Yamauchi M, Yanaka S, Yokoyama M, Yusa Y, Yuta H, Zhang CC, Zhang J, Zhao HW, Zheng Y, Zhilich V, Zontar D. Measurement of branching fractions for B --> pipi, Kpi, and KK decays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 87:101801. [PMID: 11531472 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.101801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Zhou S, Cao JM, Tebb ZD, Ohara T, Huang HL, Omichi C, Lee MH, Kenknight BH, Chen LS, Fishbein MC, Karagueuzian HS, Chen PS. Modulation of QT interval by cardiac sympathetic nerve sprouting and the mechanisms of ventricular arrhythmia in a canine model of sudden cardiac death. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2001; 12:1068-73. [PMID: 11573698 DOI: 10.1046/j.1540-8167.2001.01068.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We previously reported that there is a high incidence of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in dogs with myocardial infarction (MI), complete AV block (CAVB), and nerve growth factor (NGF) infusion to the left stellate ganglion (LSG). Whether or not QT interval prolongation underlines the mechanism of SCD was unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS We analyzed QT intervals in three groups of dogs. All dogs had CAVB and MI. The LSG group (n = 9) and right stellate ganglion (RSG) group (n = 6) received NGF infusion via the osmotic pumps over a 5-week period to LSG and RSG, respectively. The control group (n = 6) received no NGF. The dogs either died suddenly or were sacrificed within 2 to 3 months after MI. Heart rhythm and QT and RR intervals were monitored using implantable cardioverter defibrillator ECG recordings. There was a time-dependent increase of QTc intervals in the LSG group and a time-dependent decrease of QTc intervals in the RSG group. At the end of NGF infusion, QTc intervals in the LSG group (408 +/- 41 msec) were significantly longer than those in the control (350 +/- 41 msec; P < 0.05) and RSG groups (294 +/- 23 msec; P < 0.01). In the LSG group, 4 of 9 dogs died of SCD. There was no SCD in either the RSG or control group. Immunocytochemical staining showed NGF infusion to LSG and RSG resulted in left and right ventricular sympathetic nerve sprouting and hyperinnervation, respectively. CONCLUSION NGF infusion to the LSG in dogs with MI and CAVB resulted in increased QT interval and incidence of ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, and SCD, whereas NGF infusion to the RSG shortened QT interval and reduced the incidence of ventricular tachycardia. These findings indicate that QT interval prolongation is causally related to the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmia in dogs with nerve sprouting, MI, and CAVB.
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Abstract
Absorption of dietary cholesterol from the intestine is an important part of cholesterol homeostasis and represents the first step that allows dietary cholesterol to exert its metabolic effects. Although the role of bile salts in the initial absorption of dietary cholesterol, by the formation of emulsions, is readily appreciated, the recognition that other molecular mechanisms might govern this process is only recently gaining momentum. Not only does the intestine regulate the amount of dietary cholesterol that enters the body; it is very selective with regard to the sterols that are allowed in. The human intestine is responsible for absorbing a significant amount of cholesterol each day. In addition to approximately 0.5 g d(-1) of dietary cholesterol, many other sterols are also present in almost equal abundance in the normal diet. Approximately 0.4 g of plant sterols, such as sitosterol, brassicasterol and avanesterol, are also present. However, the human body seems to allow only cholesterol to enter and remain in the body, with almost negligible amounts of plant sterols being retained. That specific molecular mechanisms are responsible for this behavior is supported by the identification of the genetic defect(s) in a rare disorder, beta-sitosterolemia (MIM 210250), where this process is disrupted. Such studies are now beginning to throw light on sterol absorption and excretion and elucidate the molecular mechanisms that govern these processes.
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Chung IK, Hong SJ, Kim EJ, Cho JY, Kim HS, Park SH, Lee MH, Kim SJ, Shim CS. What is the best method to diagnose Helicobacter infection in bleeding peptic ulcers?: a prospective trial. Korean J Intern Med 2001; 16:147-52. [PMID: 11769572 PMCID: PMC4531724 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2001.16.3.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been debated which diagnostic test should be preferred for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (HP) in patients with peptic ulcer diseases. Several limitations are reported in bleeding peptic ulcers because of intragastric blood and possibility of changed numbers of organisms by medication. This study was designed to find out the best method for diagnosis of HP infection, in aspect of deciding the times of detection and the specific tests in bleeding peptic ulcers. METHODS We prospectively examined histology, rapid urease test (CLO test), urea breath test (13C-UBT) and serology in HP diagnostics in 32 patients with bleeding peptic ulcers to detect HP infection. Each test was performed two times (four methods at first 24 hours and former three methods at 7th day after initial therapeutic endoscopy). We evaluated the sensitivity of each test, compared the two-times results and evaluated the effect of these tests to an outcome of endoscopic hemostasis. RESULTS Diagnostic sensitivities of histology, CLO test, 13C-UBT and serology are 75%, 67.8%, 100% and 100% at first endoscopy, and 71.4%, 78.5%, 89.3% at 7th day endoscopy, respectively. Histologic study and CLO test had diagnostic limitation at emergent first endoscopy contrary to UBT (p < 0.01). Histologic study, CLO test and UBT have limitations at 7th day endoscopy. Only 3 patients (9.4%) rebled with subsequent complete endoscopic hemostasis and all diagnostic tests at initial endoscopy did not influence the outcome of hemostasis. CONCLUSION First day histologic and CLO tests are inadequate methods in detecting HP infection in patients with bleeding peptic ulcers. 7-day histologic, CLO test and UBT have a low sensitivity. First-day UBT can be a standard test to diagnose HP infection in patients with bleeding peptic ulcers.
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Lee JY, Cheon JY, Lee KK, Lee SY, Lee MH. Statistical evaluation of geochemical parameter distribution in a ground water system contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2001; 30:1548-1563. [PMID: 11577860 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2001.3051548x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A shallow-depth ground water area was investigated to identify the dominant processes governing the distribution of hydrocarbon contaminants and hydrogeochemical parameters. The ground water in the study site has been highly contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. A preliminary pump-and-treatment remediation technology was applied for 4 yr at the site. Multivariate analyses were applied to hydrogeochemical data obtained before and after the rainy season. The pump-and-treatment application, indigenous biodegradation, and mixing by precipitation recharge are the major factors or events involved in the distribution of geochemical parameters of the ground water in the study area. Site-specific artificial pavement also played an important role in the evolution of the ground water chemistry. A conventional graphical analysis method (Piper plot) of major ions did not effectively reveal these effects. In this study, we demonstrate the usefulness of multivariate analysis (factor and cluster analyses) using biodegradation indicator parameters, as well as major cations and anions, for the study of the ground water system in the hydrocarbon-contaminated site.
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Abe K, Abe K, Abe R, Adachi I, Ahn BS, Aihara H, Akatsu M, Alimonti G, Asai K, Asai M, Asano Y, Aso T, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Bakich AM, Banas E, Behari S, Behera PK, Beiline D, Bondar A, Bozek A, Browder TE, Casey BC, Chang P, Chao Y, Chen KF, Cheon BG, Chistov R, Choi SK, Choi Y, Dong LY, Dragic J, Drutskoy A, Eidelman S, Eiges V, Enari Y, Enomoto R, Everton CW, Fang F, Fujii H, Fukunaga C, Fukushima M, Gabyshev N, Garmash A, Gershon TJ, Gordon A, Gotow K, Guler H, Guo R, Haba J, Hamasaki H, Hanagaki K, Handa F, Hara K, Hara T, Hastings NC, Hayashii H, Hazumi M, Heenan EM, Higasino Y, Higuchi I, Higuchi T, Hirai T, Hirano H, Hojo T, Hokuue T, Hoshi Y, Hoshina K, Hou SR, Hou WS, Hsu SC, Huang HC, Igarashi Y, Iijima T, Ikeda H, Ikeda K, Inami K, Ishikawa A, Ishino H, Itoh R, Iwai G, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki Y, Jackson DJ, Jalocha P, Jang HK, Jones M, Kagan R, Kakuno H, Kaneko J, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kapusta P, Katayama N, Kawai H, Kawai H, Kawakami Y, Kawamura N, Kawasaki T, Kichimi H, Kim DW, Kim H, Kim HJ, Kim H, Kim SK, Kim TH, Kinoshita K, Kobayashi S, Koishi S, Konishi H, Korotushenko K, Krokovny P, Kulasiri R, Kumar S, Kuniya T, Kurihara E, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lange JS, Leder G, Lee MH, Lee SH, Leonidopoulos C, Lin YS, Liventsev D, Lu RS, MacNaughton J, Marlow D, Matsubara T, Matsui S, Matsumoto S, Matsumoto T, Mikami Y, Misono K, Miyabayashi K, Miyake H, Miyata H, Moffitt LC, Moloney GR, Moorhead GF, Mori S, Mori T, Murakami A, Nagamine T, Nagasaka Y, Nagashima Y, Nakadaira T, Nakamura T, Nakano E, Nakao M, Nakazawa H, Nam JW, Natkaniec Z, Neichi K, Nishida S, Nitoh O, Noguchi S, Nozaki T, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Ohshima Y, Okabe T, Okazaki T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Ozaki H, Pakhlov P, Palka H, Park CS, Park CW, Park H, Peak LS, Peters M, Piilonen LE, Prebys E, Rodriguez JL, Root N, Rozanska M, Rybicki K, Ryuko J, Sagawa H, Sakai Y, Sakamoto H, Satapathy M, Satpathy A, Schrenk S, Semenov S, Senyo K, Settai Y, Sevior ME, Shibuya H, Shwartz B, Sidorov A, Stanic S, Sugi A, Sugiyama A, Sumisawa K, Sumiyoshi T, Suzuki J, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Suzuki SY, Swain SK, Tajima H, Takahashi T, Takasaki F, Takita M, Tamai K, Tamura N, Tanaka J, Tanaka M, Taylor GN, Teramoto Y, Tomoto M, Tomura T, Tovey SN, Trabelsi K, Tsuboyama T, Tsukamoto T, Uehara S, Ueno K, Unno Y, Uno S, Ushiroda Y, Vahsen SE, Varvell KE, Wang CC, Wang CH, Wang JG, Wang MZ, Watanabe Y, Won E, Yabsley BD, Yamada Y, Yamaga M, Yamaguchi A, Yamamoto H, Yamanaka T, Yamashita Y, Yamauchi M, Yanaka S, Yashima J, Yokoyama M, Yoshida K, Yusa Y, Yuta H, Zhang CC, Zhang J, Zhao HW, Zheng Y, Zhilich V, Zontar D. Observation of large CP violation in the neutral B meson system. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 87:091802. [PMID: 11531561 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.87.091802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present a measurement of the standard model CP violation parameter sin2 phi(1) based on a 29.1 fb(-1) data sample collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. One neutral B meson is fully reconstructed as a J/psi K(S), psi(2S)K(S), chi(c1)K(S), eta(c)K(S), J/psi K(L), or J/psi K(*0) decay and the flavor of the accompanying B meson is identified from its decay products. From the asymmetry in the distribution of the time intervals between the two B meson decay points, we determine sin2 phi(1) = 0.99+/-0.14(stat)+/-0.06(syst). We conclude that we have observed CP violation in the neutral B meson system.
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Kim YK, Park HS, Kim HY, Jee YK, Son JW, Bae JM, Lee MH, Cho SH, Min KU, Kim YY. Citrus red mite (Panonychus citri) may be an important allergen in the development of asthma among exposed children. Clin Exp Allergy 2001; 31:582-9. [PMID: 11359426 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01056.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent investigations have demonstrated that spider mites are important allergens in the development of asthma in fruit-cultivating farmers. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitization rate to the citrus red mite (Panonychus citri) in children living in rural areas, and to determine the allergenic cross-reactivity with other mites. METHODS A total of 7254 children (ages 7-15 years) living in rural areas were enrolled, and each subject was evaluated by a questionnaire and a skin prick test. Allergenic cross-reactivity was evaluated by ELISA inhibition tests. RESULTS The most common sensitizing allergens were house dust mites, followed by citrus red mite and cockroach. High serum-specific IgE bindings to the citrus red mite were detected in 21 of 100 randomly selected subjects. The prevalence of asthma was higher among those with positive skin responses to the citrus red mite than with negative skin responses to this mite. ELISA inhibition tests showed that IgE bindings to this mite were minimally inhibited with additions of domestic mites. CONCLUSION Spider mites such as the citrus red mite may be important outdoor allergens among children living in rural areas, and spider mite-derived allergens have unique allergenic determinants compared with domestic mites.
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Cha SH, Lee MH, Kim JH, Lee CN, Yoon TK, Cha KY. Fertility outcome after tubal anastomosis by laparoscopy and laparotomy. THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF GYNECOLOGIC LAPAROSCOPISTS 2001; 8:348-52. [PMID: 11509772 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-3804(05)60329-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To evaluate fertility outcome and benefit of laparoscopic tubal anastomosis compared with laparotomy. DESIGN Retrospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING University hospital. PATIENTS Eighty-one women requesting reversal of sterilization. Fertility outcome was analyzed in 76 patients for a minimum of 6 months. INTERVENTION Laparoscopic tubal anastomosis in 37 women and abdominal tubal anastomosis in 44. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS In both groups anastomosis was performed in two layers with four stitches using microsurgical technique. Overall pregnancy rates were 80.5% in the laparoscopy and 80.0% in the laparotomy group. The mean interval from operation to pregnancy was similar in the two groups (p = 0.9). Mean operating time was significantly longer for laparoscopy (201.9 +/- 33.8 min) than for laparotomy (148.7 +/- 32.5 min), including diagnostic laparoscopy. However, mean hospital stay was shorter for laparoscopy than for laparotomy (3.3 +/- 2.0 vs 6.1 +/- 0.6 days, p <0.05). CONCLUSION Laparoscopic tubal anastomosis is less invasive and could be an alternative to laparotomy for reversal of tubal sterilization. Advanced laparoscopic equipment and much experience could enhance the pregnancy rate and reduce operating time.
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Hou WC, Chen HJ, Lin YH, Chen YC, Yang LL, Lee MH. Activity staining of isocitrate lyase after electrophoresis on either native or sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels. Electrophoresis 2001; 22:2653-5. [PMID: 11545388 DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(200108)22:13<2653::aid-elps2653>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Isocitrate was cleaved into succinate and glyoxylate by isocitrate lyase (ICL) in the glyoxylate cycle. We used lactate dehydrogenase as an ancillary enzyme to further metabolize the glyoxylate to glycolate in the presence of NADH. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and 2,6-dichlorophenol-indolphenol (DCPIP) were used in the coupling reactions for detecting ICL activity after electrophoresis on either native or sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gels. This fast and sensitive method can be used in the process of ICL enzyme purification and characterization.
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Kim WS, Kim MM, Choi HJ, Yoon SS, Lee MH, Park K, Park CH, Kang WK. Phase II study of high-dose lovastatin in patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma. Invest New Drugs 2001; 19:81-3. [PMID: 11291836 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006481423298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lovastatin, an inhibitor of mevalonate synthesis, demonstrated in vitro antitumor activity against a variety of human cancer cells, especially in gastric adenocarcinoma cells at pharmacologically achievable concentrations. To determine the antitumor activity of this drug in advanced measurable gastric adenocarcinoma as well as to assess the toxicities and the pharmacokinetic features, we carried out a phase II study of high-dose lovastatin. Patients received lovastatin 35 mg/kg/day for 7 consecutive days, with ubiquinone (60 mg qid p.o.) to prevent rhabdomyolysis. The treatment was repeated every 28 days. From March 1996 to January 1997, 16 patients (median age, 57 years; range, 34-68) were entered into the study, 14 of whom were evaluated for response and toxicity. No patient achieved a response. A total of 28 cycles were administered. The median number of cycles was 2 (range, 1 to 4). Anorexia was the most common toxicity (64%), but decreased oral intake was observed only in 3 cycles. Two patients developed myalgia with elevated muscle enzyme. When used in this dosage and schedule, lovastatin does not appear to be effective for patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Lee MH, Roussel Y, Wilks M, Tabaqchali S. Expression of Helicobacter pylori urease subunit B gene in Lactococcus lactis MG1363 and its use as a vaccine delivery system against H. pylori infection in mice. Vaccine 2001; 19:3927-35. [PMID: 11427267 DOI: 10.1016/s0264-410x(01)00119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of Lactococcus lactis as an antigen delivery vehicle for mucosal immunisation has been proposed. To determine whether L. lactis could effectively deliver Helicobacter pylori antigens to the immune system, a recombinant L. lactis expressing H. pylori urease subunit B (UreB) was constructed. Constitutive expression of UreB by a pTREX1 vector resulted in the intracellular accumulation of UreB to approximately 6.25% of soluble cellular protein. Five different oral regimens were used to vaccinate C57BL/6 mice and the immune response measured. One regimen, which consisted of four weekly doses of 10(10) bacteria, followed after an interval of approximately 4 weeks by three successive daily doses, was able to elicit a systemic antibody response to UreB in the mice, although subsequently, a similar regimen produced a significant antibody response in only one out of six mice. The other three regimes, in which mice were vaccinated with two or three sets of three consecutive daily doses of recombinant bacteria over 30 days, failed to elicit significant anti-UreB serum antibody responses. In three regimens, the immunised mice were then challenged by H. pylori strain SS1 and no protective effect was observed. These findings suggest that any adjuvant effects of L. lactis are unlikely to be sufficient to produce an effective immune response and to protect against H. pylori challenge, when used to deliver a weak immunogen, such as UreB.
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Wang NC, Lee MH, Ohara T, Okuyama Y, Fishbein GA, Lin SF, Karagueuzian HS, Chen PS. Optical mapping of ventricular defibrillation in isolated swine right ventricles: demonstration of a postshock isoelectric window after near-threshold defibrillation shocks. Circulation 2001; 104:227-33. [PMID: 11447091 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.104.2.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Investigators who studied ventricular defibrillation by use of optical mapping techniques failed to observe an initial defibrillation event (isoelectric window or quiescent period) shown by electrode mapping studies. This discrepancy has important implications for the mechanisms of defibrillation. The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate an optical equivalent of an isoelectric window after a near-threshold defibrillation shock. Methods and Results-- We studied 10 isolated, perfused swine right ventricles. Upper limit of vulnerability was determined by shocks on T waves. A 50% probability of successful defibrillation (DFT50) was determined with an up-down algorithm. Immediately after unsuccessful defibrillation shock, new wavefronts were generated. When the shock strength was low, immediate reinitiation of reentry and ventricular fibrillation might occur without a postshock isoelectric window. However, if the shock strength was within 50 V of DFT50 (near-threshold), a synchronized activation occurred, followed by organized repolarization that ended 64+/-18 ms after shock. After a period of quiescence (18+/-24 ms), activation recurred 83+/-33 ms after shock and reinitiated ventricular fibrillation. Similar patterns of activation, including a quiescent period, were observed after shock was applied on the T wave of the paced beat that induced ventricular fibrillation. Upper limit of vulnerability correlated well with DFT50. CONCLUSIONS In isolated swine right ventricles, an optical equivalent of an isoelectric window exists after near-threshold defibrillation shocks. These findings support the idea that a near-threshold defibrillation shock terminates all activation wavefronts but fails to halt ventricular fibrillation because the same shock reinitiates ventricular fibrillation after an isoelectric window.
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Lee MH, Qu Z, Fishbein GA, Lamp ST, Chang EH, Ohara T, Voroshilovsky O, Kil JR, Hamzei AR, Wang NC, Lin SF, Weiss JN, Garfinkel A, Karagueuzian HS, Chen PS. Patterns of wave break during ventricular fibrillation in isolated swine right ventricle. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2001; 281:H253-65. [PMID: 11406492 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.2001.281.1.h253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Several different patterns of wave break have been described by mapping of the tissue surface during fibrillation. However, it is not clear whether these surface patterns are caused by multiple distinct mechanisms or by a single mechanism. To determine the mechanism by which wave breaks are generated during ventricular fibrillation, we conducted optical mapping studies and single cell transmembrane potential recording in six isolated swine right ventricles (RV). Among 763 episodes of wave break (0.75 times x s(-1) x cm(-2)), optical maps showed three patterns: 80% due to a wave front encountering the refractory wave back of another wave, 11.5% due to wave fronts passing perpendicular to each other, and 8.5% due to a new (target) wave arising just beyond the refractory tail of a previous wave. Computer simulations of scroll waves in three-dimensional tissue showed that these surface patterns could be attributed to two fundamental mechanisms: head-tail interactions and filament break. We conclude that during sustained ventricular fibrillation in swine RV, surface patterns of wave break are produced by two fundamental mechanisms: head-tail interaction between waves and filament break.
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216
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Lim TW, Lee MH, Park JG, Cho BK. Classic Kaposi sarcoma presenting as rapidly growing nodules. Cutis 2001; 68:50-2. [PMID: 11480148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Classic Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a sporadic disease that usually affects persons older than 50 years, with a distinct male predominance. Although classic KS has a protracted, indolent course, there appears to be a rare disseminated fulminant type. This report describes a case of classic KS, presenting as a very rapid enlargement and dissemination of skin lesions, without evidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or involvement of other internal organs.
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217
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Lee MH, Hyun DH, Jenner P, Halliwell B. Effect of proteasome inhibition on cellular oxidative damage, antioxidant defences and nitric oxide production. J Neurochem 2001; 78:32-41. [PMID: 11432971 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00416.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin/proteasome pathway plays an essential role in protein turnover in vivo, and contributes to removal of oxidatively damaged proteins. We examined the effects of proteasome inhibition on viability, oxidative damage and antioxidant defences in NT-2 and SK-N-MC cell lines. The selective proteasome inhibitor, lactacystin (1 microM) caused little loss of viability, but led to significant increases in levels of oxidative protein damage (measured as protein carbonyls), ubiquitinated proteins, lipid peroxidation and 3-nitrotyrosine, a biomarker of the attack of reactive nitrogen species (such as peroxynitrite, ONOO(-)) upon proteins. Higher levels (25 microM) of lactacystin did not further increase the levels of carbonyls, lipid peroxidation, 3-nitrotyrosine, or ubiquitinated proteins, but produced increases in the levels of 8-hydroxyguanine (a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage) and falls in levels of GSH. Lactacystin (25 microM) caused loss of viability, apparently by apoptosis, and also increased production of nitric oxide (NO.) (measured as levels of NO2- plus NO3-) by the cells; this was inhibited by N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), which also decreased cell death induced by 25 microM lactacystin and decreased levels of 3-nitrotyrosine. The NO. production appeared to involve nNOS; iNOS or eNOS were not detectable in either cell type. Another proteasome inhibitor, epoxomicin, had similar effects.
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Lee JY, Cheon JY, Lee KK, Lee SY, Lee MH. Factors affecting the distribution of hydrocarbon contaminants and hydrogeochemical parameters in a shallow sand aquifer. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2001; 50:139-158. [PMID: 11475158 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-7722(01)00101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The distributions of hydrocarbon contaminants and hydrogeochemical parameters were investigated in a shallow sand aquifer highly contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons leaked from solvent storage tanks. For these purposes, a variety of field investigations and studies were performed, which included installation of over 100 groundwater monitoring wells and piezometers at various depths, soil logging and analyses during well and piezometer installation, chemical analysis of groundwater, pump tests, and slug tests. Continuous water level monitoring at three selected wells using automatic data-logger and manual measuring at other wells were also conducted. Based on analyses of the various investigations and tests, a number of factors were identified to explain the distribution of the hydrocarbon contaminants and hydrogeochemical parameters. These factors include indigenous biodegradation, hydrostratigraphy, preliminary pump-and-treat remedy, recharge by rainfall, and subsequent water level fluctuation. The permeable sandy layer, in which the mean water table elevation is maintained, provided a dominant pathway for contaminant transport. The preliminary pump-and-treat action accelerated the movement of the hydrocarbon contaminants and affected the redox evolution pattern. Seasonal recharge by rain, together with indigenous biodegradation, played an important role in the natural attenuation of the petroleum hydrocarbons via mixing/dilution and biodegradation. The water level fluctuations redistributed the hydrocarbon contaminants by partitioning them into the soil and groundwater. The identified factors are not independent but closely inter-correlated.
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Yang HY, Shao R, Hung MC, Lee MH. p27 Kip1 inhibits HER2/neu-mediated cell growth and tumorigenesis. Oncogene 2001; 20:3695-702. [PMID: 11439332 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2000] [Revised: 02/22/2001] [Accepted: 03/15/2001] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
HER2/neu, a receptor tyrosine kinase oncogene, promotes mitogenic growth and transformation of cancer cells. We previously identified that its oncogenic signals down-regulate the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 Kip1, which is defined as a haplo-insufficient tumor suppressor. Here, we applied the human p27 gene as a novel anticancer agent for HER2/neu-overexpressing cells under the control of a tetracycline (tet)-regulated gene expression system. Overexpression of p27 inhibits HER2/neu-activated CDK2 activity, cell proliferation, and transformation. Most significantly for clinical application, p27 expression in HER2/neu-overexpressing cells can be regulated in vivo and reduce the tumor volume in a tumor model. The findings demonstrate the applicability of employing p27 in HER2/neu-associated cancer gene therapy.
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Ha NC, Oh ST, Sung JY, Cha KA, Lee MH, Oh BH. Supramolecular assembly and acid resistance of Helicobacter pylori urease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001; 8:505-9. [PMID: 11373617 DOI: 10.1038/88563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori, an etiologic agent in a variety of gastroduodenal diseases, produces a large amount of urease, which is believed to neutralize gastric acid by producing ammonia for the survival of the bacteria. Up to 30% of the enzyme associates with the surface of intact cells upon lysis of neighboring bacteria. The role of the enzyme at the extracellular location has been a subject of controversy because the purified enzyme is irreversibly inactivated below pH 5. We have determined the crystal structure of H. pylori urease, which has a 1.1 MDa spherical assembly of 12 catalytic units with an outer diameter of approximately 160 A. Under physiologically relevant conditions, the activity of the enzyme remains unaffected down to pH 3. Activity assays under different conditions indicated that the cluster of the 12 active sites on the supramolecular assembly may be critical for the survival of the enzyme at low pH. The structure provides a novel example of a molecular assembly adapted for acid resistance that, together with the low Km value of the enzyme, is likely to enable the organism to inhabit the hostile niche.
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Lee MH, Lin SF, Ohara T, Omichi C, Okuyama Y, Chudin E, Garfinkel A, Weiss JN, Karagueuzian HS, Chen PS. Effects of diacetyl monoxime and cytochalasin D on ventricular fibrillation in swine right ventricles. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2001; 280:H2689-96. [PMID: 11356625 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.2001.280.6.h2689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Whether or not the excitation-contraction (E-C) uncoupler diacetyl monoxime (DAM) and cytochalacin D (Cyto D) alter the ventricular fibrillation (VF) activation patterns is unclear. We recorded single cell action potentials and performed optical mapping in isolated perfused swine right ventricles (RV) at different concentrations of DAM and Cyto D. Increasing the concentration of DAM results in progressively shortened action potential duration (APD) measured to 90% repolarization, reduced the slope of the APD restitition curve, decreased Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy, and reduced the number of VF wave fronts. In all RVs, 15-20 mmol/l DAM converted VF to ventricular tachycardia (VT). The VF could be reinduced after the DAM was washed out. In comparison, Cyto D (10-40 micromol/l) has no effects on APD restitution curve or the dynamics of VF. The effects of DAM on VF are associated with a reduced number of wave fronts and dynamic complexities in VF. These results are compatible with the restitution hypothesis of VF and suggest that DAM may be unsuitable as an E-C uncoupler for optical mapping studies of VF in the swine RVs.
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Hou WC, Chen YC, Chen HJ, Lin YH, Yang LL, Lee MH. Antioxidant activities of trypsin inhibitor, a 33 KDa root storage protein of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam cv. Tainong 57). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2001; 49:2978-2981. [PMID: 11409996 DOI: 10.1021/jf0100705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Trypsin inhibitors (TIs), root storage proteins, were purified from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas[L.] Lam cv. Tainong 57) roots by trypsin affinity column according to the methods of Hou and Lin (Plant Sci. 1997, 126, 11-19 and Plant Sci. 1997, 128, 151-158). A single band of 33 kDa TI was obtained by preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gels. This purified 33 kDa TI had scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. There was positive correlation between scavenging effects against DPPH (2 to 22%) and amounts of 33 kDa TI (1.92 to 46 pmol). The scavenging activities of 33 kDa TI against DPPH were calculated from linear regression to be about one-third of those of glutathione between 5 and 80 pmol. Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometry for hydroxyl radical detection, it was found that 33 kDa TI could capture hydroxyl radical, and the intensities of EPR signal were significantly decreased from 1.5 to 6 pmol of 33 kDa TI compared to those of the controls. It is suggested that 33 kDa TI, one of the sweet potato root storage proteins, may play a role as an antioxidant in roots and may be beneficial to health when it is consumed.
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Lee K, Lee HS, Jang SJ, Park AJ, Lee MH, Song WK, Chong Y. Antimicrobial resistance surveillance of bacteria in 1999 in Korea with a special reference to resistance of enterococci to vancomycin and gram-negative bacilli to third generation cephalosporin, imipenem, and fluoroquinolone. J Korean Med Sci 2001; 16:262-70. [PMID: 11447969 PMCID: PMC3054736 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2001.16.3.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The trend of antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from patients in 30 Korean hospitals in 1999 was analyzed with a particular attention to cefotaxime- or fluoroquinolone-resistant gram-negative bacilli, imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Adequacy of susceptibility testing, and any change in the frequencies of isolated species were also analyzed. The results showed that only 20% and 30% of hospitals tested the piperacillin-tazobactam and cefoxitin susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae, respectively, only 24% of hospitals the piperacillin-tazobactam susceptibility of P. aeruginosa, and 17% of hospitals the fusidic acid susceptibility of staphylococci. Among the isolates 26.3% were glucose-nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli, and 34.7% of Enterococcus were Enterococcus faecium. Slight decline of cefotaxime-resistance rate to 20% was noted in Klebsiella pneumoniae, while fluoroquinolone-resistance rate was 68% in Acinetobacter baumannii. The ceftazidime- and imipenem-resistance rates were 17% and 18%, respectively in P. aeruginosa. The vancomycin-resistance rate of E. faecium rose significantly to 15.1%, but the rates varied significantly depending on hospitals suggesting presence of different degree of selective pressure or nosocomial spread. In conclusion, the prevalence of imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa and the increase of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium were the particularly worrisome phenomena observed in this study.
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Lee MH, Kim YK, Min KU, Lee BJ, Bahn JW, Son JW, Cho SH, Park HS, Koh YY, Kim YY. Differences in sensitization rates to outdoor aeroallergens, especially citrus red mite (Panonychus citri), between urban and rural children. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2001; 86:691-5. [PMID: 11428744 DOI: 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)62300-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent investigation has suggested that citrus red mite (Panonychus citri, CRM) is the most important allergen in citrus-cultivating farmers with asthma and allergic rhinitis. OBJECTIVE A cross-sectional survey was performed to evaluate the prevalence of asthma and chronic rhinitis symptoms and sensitization to common indoor and outdoor aeroallergens, including CRM and Japanese cedar pollen, in rural and urban Korean children. METHODS A total of 2,055 children (1,055 subjects living in rural areas with citrus farms and 1,000 controls in urban areas without citrus farms) were enrolled. They were evaluated by a questionnaire, and by skin prick tests with 13 common indoor and outdoor aeroallergens, including CRM and Japanese cedar pollen. RESULTS The prevalence of wheezing and chronic rhinitis symptoms during the last 12 months was 8.3% and 35.7% in the rural children and 10.5% and 22.4% in the control group. The most common sensitizing allergens in order of decreasing frequency were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (26.6%), Dermatoplagoides farinae (22.7%), CRM (14.2%), cockroach (11.3%), and Japanese cedar pollen (9.7%) among the rural children, but the sensitization rates to CRM and Japanese cedar pollen were 1.3% and 0.2% among the control children, respectively. The prevalence of wheeze during the last 12 months was not different between rural children with sensitization to CRM or Japanese cedar pollen and those without sensitization (5.4% vs 6.1%; 6.9% vs 5.9%). However, the prevalence of chronic rhinitis during the last 12 months was higher among those with sensitization to CRM or to Japanese cedar pollen than among those without sensitization (40.8% vs 34.4%; 51.5% vs 33.5%). CONCLUSIONS CRM is a common sensitizing allergen in rural children, and the sensitization rates to outdoor aeroallergens, especially CRM and Japanese cedar pollen, are very different between children from rural and urban areas in Korea.
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Cha BJ, Lee ED, Kim WB, Chung SJ, Lee MH, Shim CK. Enhanced skin permeation of a new capsaicin derivative (DA-5018) from a binary vehicle system composed of isopropyl myristate and ethoxydiglycol. Arch Pharm Res 2001; 24:224-8. [PMID: 11440082 DOI: 10.1007/bf02978262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
DA-5018, a recently synthesized capsaicin analog, appears to possess potent analgesic activity when administered topically. The objective of this study is to test the feasibility of the topical administration of this compound. Specifically, our goal was to identify vehicle system that permit a reasonable transdermal permeation of the compound in mice. Among the vehicles examined, isopropyl myristate (IPM) showed the largest in vitro permeability across the intact skin (83.6 +/- 5.42 microl/cm2/h). However, due to the limited solubility of DA-5018 in IPM (0.53 mg/ml), the maximal flux from the IPM medium remained at only 44.3 +/- 2.87 microg/cm2/hr. In order to increase the flux, addition of better solvents for DA-5018 was attempted, under the assumption that flux is the result of both solubility and permeability. Ethoxydiglycol (EG) and oleic acid (OA) were selected as examples of good solvents. The addition of EG or OA to IPM at a 1:1 volume ratio resulted in a comparable increase in the solubility of the compound (i.e., to 61.1 and 50.2 mg/ml for EG and OA, respectively). However, the addition of EG at a 1:1 volume ratio, for example, increased the flux 6.3 fold (i.e., 279 microg/cm2/hr), while OA, at a 1:1 volume ratio, decreased the flux 5 fold (i.e., 9.26 microg/cm2/hr). The mechanism of this discrepancy between EG and OA was investigated by measuring the permeabilty of DA-5018 across the stratum corneum-removed skin of the mouse, under the hypothesis that the viable skin layer may serve as a barrier for the permeation of lipophilic substances such as DA 5018. The permeability of DA-5018, from the medium of EG or OA, across the viable skin differed greatly for EG (0.41 microl/cm2/hr) and OA (0.086 microl/cm2/hr), suggesting that a higher permeability across the viable skin layer is needed for the second solvents. The maximum flux across the intact skin was achieved for DA-5018 when EG was added to IPM at a 1:1 volume ratio. Thus, the use of a binary system appears to be the bes approach for realizing the transdermal delivery of DA-5018 at a reasonable rate.
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Kang SN, Lee MH, Kim KM, Cho D, Kim TS. Induction of human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell differentiation into monocytes by silibinin: involvement of protein kinase C 1 1Abbreviations: 1,25-(OH)2D3, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; mAb, monoclonal antibody; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; NBT, nitroblue tetrazolium; and PKC, protein kinase C. Biochem Pharmacol 2001; 61:1487-95. [PMID: 11377378 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(01)00626-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The effect of silibinin, an active component of Silybum marianum, on cellular differentiation was investigated in the human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell culture system. Treatment of HL-60 cells with silibinin inhibited cellular proliferation and induced cellular differentiation in a dose-dependent manner. Cytofluorometric analysis and morphologic studies indicated that silibinin induced differentiation of HL-60 cells predominantly into monocytes. Importantly, strongly synergistic induction of differentiation into monocytes was observed when silibinin was combined with 5 nM 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25-(OH)(2)D(3)], a well-known differentiation inducer of HL-60 cells into the monocytic lineage. Silibinin enhanced protein kinase C (PKC) activity and increased protein levels of both PKCalpha and PKCbeta in 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3)-treated HL-60 cells. PKC and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitors significantly inhibited HL-60 cell differentiation induced by silibinin alone or in combination with 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3), indicating that PKC and ERK may be involved in silibinin-induced HL-60 cell differentiation.
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Ma YC, Nagler J, Lee MH, Cabrera IN. Impact of music therapy on the communication skills of toddlers with pervasive developmental disorder. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001; 930:445-7. [PMID: 11458864 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05766.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Park SY, Kim JW, Kim YM, Kim JM, Lee MH, Lee BY, Han JY, Kim MY, Yang JH, Ryu HM. Frequencies of fetal chromosomal abnormalities at prenatal diagnosis: 10 years experiences in a single institution. J Korean Med Sci 2001; 16:290-3. [PMID: 11410688 PMCID: PMC3054745 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2001.16.3.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We present frequencies of fetal chromosomal abnormalities in 4,907 prenatal cytogenetic examinations at Samsung Cheil Hospital from 1988 to 1997 for 10 yr duration. Prenatal karyotypes were undertaken in 3,913 amniotic fluid samples, 800 chorionic villi samples, and 194 percutaneous umbilical blood samples. The frequency of fetal abnormal karyotypes was 3.1% (150 cases). Numerical chromosome abnormalities were 87 cases (1.8%) and structural aberrations of chromosomes were 63 cases (1.3%). In the numerical chromosomal abnormalities, the frequency of trisomy 21 was by far the highest (36 cases), followed by trisomy 18 in 22 cases and sex chromosome aneuploidies in 19 cases. In the structural chromosomal aberrations, 5 cases had the inversions in chromosome 2, 7, 17, and Y. Chromosomal deletions in 6 cases and additions in 4 cases were analysed. Of the remaining 47 translocation in abnormal fetuses, reciprocal translocation was in 26 cases and Robertsonian translocation in 21 cases. Among them, 41 cases were balanced translocation and 6 were unbalanced. Thirty five cases of translocation were inherited from one of the parents. Four had de novo chromosome rearrangements, and 8 cases were unknown.
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Choo KS, Kim IW, Jung JK, Suh YG, Chung SJ, Lee MH, Shim CK. Simultaneous determination of loxoprofen and its diastereomeric alcohol metabolites in human plasma and urine by a simple HPLC-UV detection method. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2001; 25:639-50. [PMID: 11377045 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(00)00583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A simple, reliable HPLC-UV detection method was developed for the simultaneous determination of loxoprofen and its metabolites (i.e. trans- and cis-alcohol metabolites), in human plasma and urine samples. The method involves the addition of a ketoprofen (internal standard) solution in methanol, zinc sulfate solution and acetonitrile to plasma and urine samples, followed by centrifugation. An aliquot of the supernatant was evaporated to dryness, and the residue reconstituted in a mobile phase (acetonitrile:water=35:65 v/v, pH 3.0). An aliquot of the solution was then directly injected into the HPLC system. Separations were performed on octadecylsilica column (250x4.5 mm, 5 microm) with a guard column (3.2x1.5 cm, 7 microm) at ambient temperature. Loxoprofen and the metabolites in the eluent were monitored at 220 nm (a.u.f.s. 0.005). Coefficients of variations (CV%) and recoveries for loxoprofen and its metabolites were below 10 and over 96%, respectively, in the 200 approximately 15000 ng ml(-1) range for plasma and 500 approximately 50000 ng ml(-1) range for urine. Calibration curves for all the compounds in the plasma and urine were linear over the above-mentioned concentration ranges with a common correlation coefficient of 0.999. The detection limit of the present method was 100 ng for all the compounds. These results indicate that the present method is very simple and readily applicable to routine bioavailability studies of these compounds with an acceptable sensitivity.
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Newman LA, Sahin AA, Cunningham JE, Bondy ML, Mirza NQ, Vlastos GS, Whitman GJ, Brown H, Buchholz TA, Lee MH, Singletary SE. A case-control study of unilateral and bilateral breast carcinoma patients. Cancer 2001; 91:1845-53. [PMID: 11346865 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(20010515)91:10<1845::aid-cncr1205>3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with unilateral breast carcinoma are at increased risk for developing contralateral disease. The clinical significance of bilateral breast carcinoma has not been fully defined, and the subset of patients who may benefit from medical or surgical risk-reduction intervention has not yet been characterized. The purpose of this study was to evaluate risk factors and outcomes for bilateral breast carcinoma. METHODS A subject group of 70 bilateral breast carcinoma patients (62% metachronous) was matched by age and survival interval with a control group of 70 unilateral breast carcinoma patients. Median follow-up was 103 months. RESULTS Eighty-two percent of the unilateral patients and 80% of the bilateral patients had Stage I or II disease at diagnosis. Median age at presentation was 53 years. In the bilateral group, the contralateral cancer was diagnosed at the same or earlier stage than the first cancer in 87% of cases. Bilateral patients were significantly more likely to have multicentric disease and to have a positive family history for breast carcinoma compared with the unilateral group. There were no significant differences regarding history of exogenous hormone exposure, lobular histology, hormone-receptor status, or HER-2/neu expression. Five-year disease-free survival was 94% for the unilateral breast carcinoma patients and 91% for the bilateral breast carcinoma patients (P = 0.16). CONCLUSIONS Survival for patients with bilateral breast carcinoma is similar to that of patients with unilateral disease; however, prophylactic risk-reduction intervention for the contralateral breast should be considered in patients who have multicentric unilateral disease or a positive family history for breast carcinoma.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Breast Neoplasms/mortality
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/mortality
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/mortality
- Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology
- Carcinoma, Lobular/mortality
- Carcinoma, Lobular/pathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neoplasm Staging
- Prognosis
- Risk Factors
- Survival Rate
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Lee HS, Chong W, Han SK, Lee MH, Ryu PD. Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors inhibits GABAergic transmission in the rat subfornical organ. Neuroscience 2001; 102:401-11. [PMID: 11166126 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(00)00490-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate is known to increase neuronal excitability in the subfornical organ, a circumventricular organ devoid of the blood-brain barrier. To understand the synaptic mechanism of neuronal excitation by glutamate in this nucleus, we examined the effects of glutamate on GABAergic spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents recorded from subfornical organ neurons in the rat brain slice. The baseline frequency, amplitude and decay time-constant of such spontaneous synaptic currents were 5.60 Hz, 119 pA and 17.3 ms, respectively. Glutamate (10-1000 microM) selectively inhibited the frequency of spontaneous GABAergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents (half-maximal effective concentration=47 microM) with little effects on their amplitudes and decay time constants. The inhibitory effect of glutamate on the frequency of spontaneous GABAergic postsynaptic currents was not blocked by tetrodotoxin (1 microM), or by the antagonists of ionotropic glutamate receptors. In contrast, such inhibitory effect of glutamate was mimicked by general or group II selective metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists such as DCGIV (2S,1'R,2'R,3'R)-2-(2',3'-dicarboxycyclopropyl)glycine (half-maximal effective concentration=112 nM), but not by the agonists for group I or group III metabotropic glutamate receptors. Under current clamp mode, glutamate reduced the frequencies of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic potentials and action potentials in subfornical organ neurons. Our data indicate that glutamate decreases the frequency of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents by acting on the group II metabotropic glutamate receptors on axonal terminals in the subfornical organ. From these results we suggest that the glutamate-induced modulation of tonic GABAergic inhibitory synaptic activity can influence the excitability of subfornical organ neurons.
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Chey WY, Jin HO, Lee MH, Sun SW, Lee KY. Colonic motility abnormality in patients with irritable bowel syndrome exhibiting abdominal pain and diarrhea. Am J Gastroenterol 2001; 96:1499-506. [PMID: 11374689 DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.03804.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although colon dysmotility is recognized as a pathophysiological factor in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), it has not been characterized. We have investigated motility patterns in IBS patients with abdominal pain and frequent defecation or diarrhea and in healthy volunteers. METHODS A recording catheter that had six polyvinyl tubes with infusion ports was placed in the transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon under fluoroscopy. After 2-h basal recordings, motility responses to cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) and a meal were studied for 3 h. The motility index (MI) and number of high amplitude propagating contractions (HAPCs) in 10 IBS patients were compared with those of 10 controls. HAPCs were correlated with abdominal pain, and colon transit time using radio-opaque markers was determined. Using human colon muscle strips, the effect of CCK-8 on muscle contractions was also studied. RESULTS The MI and mean number and peak amplitude of HAPCs in IBS patients were significantly greater than in controls. These abnormalities paralleled markedly shortened colonic transit time. Abdominal pain coincided with >90% of HAPCs. Dose-dependent muscle contraction by CCK-8 was profoundly suppressed both by loxiglumide and atropine. CONCLUSIONS The dysmotility in this subset of IBS patients was characterized by significantly increased occurrences of powerful HAPCs that paralleled rapid colon transit and were accompanied by abdominal pain. Thus, it is suggested that this powerful contraction is one of the causes of abdominal pain. The action of CCK-8 seems to be mediated via the colon enteric nervous system.
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Lee HJ, Lee MH, Ryu PD, Lee H, Cho MH. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for screening the plasma residues of tetracycline antibiotics in pigs. J Vet Med Sci 2001; 63:553-6. [PMID: 11411502 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.63.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The recommended therapeutic doses of three kinds of tetracyclines, oxytetracycline (OTC, withdrawal period, 10 days), chlortetracycline (CTC, withdrawal period, 5 days) and tetracycline (TC, withdrawal period, 5 days), were each administered to a group of 15 pigs. Blood was sampled before drug administration and during the withdrawal period. The concentration of tetracyclines in plasma, determined by semi-quantitative ELISA, was compared with that of internal standard (10 ppb as oxytetracycline). The absorbance ratio of internal standard to sample (B/Bs) was employed as an index to determine the tissue residues in pigs. All 45 plasma samples from nontreated pigs showed negative in the residue of any of three tetracycline antibiotics. OTC was detected in plasma of pigs treated until the 8th day, CTC until the 4th day, and TC was detected until the 3rd day of its withdrawal period. The present study showed that the semi-quantitative ELISA easily be adopted in predicting tissue residues for tetracycline antibiotics in live pigs.
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Valderrábano M, Lee MH, Ohara T, Lai AC, Fishbein MC, Lin SF, Karagueuzian HS, Chen PS. Dynamics of intramural and transmural reentry during ventricular fibrillation in isolated swine ventricles. Circ Res 2001; 88:839-48. [PMID: 11325877 DOI: 10.1161/hh0801.089259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The intramural dynamics of ventricular fibrillation (VF) remain poorly understood. Recent investigations have suggested that stable intramural reentry may underlie the mechanisms of VF. We performed optical mapping studies of VF in isolated swine right ventricles (RVs) and left ventricles (LVs). Nine RV walls were cut obliquely in their distal edge exposing the transmural surface. Six LV wedge preparations were also studied. Results showed that intramural reentry was present. In RV, 28 of 44 VF episodes showed reentry; 15% of the activation pathways were reentrant. Except for 4 episodes, reentry was transmural, involving subendocardial structures as the papillary muscle (PM) or trabeculae. In LV, reentry was observed in 27 of 27 VF episodes; 23% of the activations were part of reentrant pathways (P<0.05 compared with RV). All LV reentrant pathways were truly intramural (confined to the wall) and were frequently located at the PM insertion. In both ventricles, reentry was spatially and temporally unstable. Histological studies showed abrupt changes in fiber orientation at sites of reentry and wave splitting. Connexin 40 immunostaining demonstrated intramyocardial Purkinje fibers at sites of reentry in the PM root and around endocardial trabeculae. Our results confirm that reentry is frequent-but unstable-in the myocardial wall during VF. In RV, reentry is mostly transmural and requires participation of subendocardial structures. The LV has a greater incidence of reentry and is intramural. Anisotropic anatomic structures played key roles in the generation of wave splitting and in the maintenance of reentry.
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Lin CL, Won RM, Luh JJ, Lee MH, Kuo TS, Ru CT. A radio controller using speech for the blind. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 2001; 28:429-33. [PMID: 11108210 DOI: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.v28.i34.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This article describes a low-cost, portable real-time DSP-based speech controller system to provide radio interface control command applications for the blind. The system recognizes spoken Mandarin Chinese words on a DSP chip (TMS320C31) using a hidden Markov model. The function of the radio set, which includes a tuner, tape, and compact disc, were evaluated under both noisy and noiseless environments. Four subjects took part in the experiment and achieved 83 and 90% mean recognition rates under noisy and noiseless conditions, respectively. In addition, because this system is based on a DSP chip, it can easily be programmed to execute speaker-independent algorithms.
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Kang WK, Park C, Yoon HL, Kim WS, Yoon SS, Lee MH, Park K, Kim K, Jeong HS, Kim JA, Nam SJ, Yang JH, Son YI, Baek CH, Han J, Ree HJ, Lee ES, Kim SH, Kim DW, Ahn YC, Huh SJ, Choe YH, Lee JH, Park MH, Kong GS, Park EY, Kang YK, Bang YJ, Paik NS, Lee SN, Kim SH, Kim S, Robbins PD, Tahara H, Lotze MT, Park CH. Interleukin 12 gene therapy of cancer by peritumoral injection of transduced autologous fibroblasts: outcome of a phase I study. Hum Gene Ther 2001; 12:671-84. [PMID: 11426466 DOI: 10.1089/104303401300057388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A phase I dose-escalation clinical trial of peritumoral injections of interleukin 12 (IL-12)-transduced autologous fibroblasts was performed in patients with disseminated cancer for whom effective treatment does not exist. The goals of this study were to assess the safety and toxicities as well as the efficacy, and ancillarily the immunomodulatory effects, of peritumoral IL-12 gene transfer. Primary dermal fibroblasts cultured from the patients were transduced with retroviral vector carrying human IL-12 genes (p35 and p40) as well as the neomycin phosphotransferase gene (TFG-hIL-12-Neo). Patients received four injections at intervals of 7 days. Nine patients were enrolled in this dose-escalation study, with secreted IL-12 doses ranging from 300 ng/24 hr for the first three patients to 1000, 3000, and 5000 ng/24 hr for two patients in each subsequent dosage level. Although a definite statement cannot be made, there appears to be perturbation of systemic immunity. Also, the locoregional effects mediated by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and CD8+ T cells were observed with tumor regression. Treatment-related adverse events were limited to mild to moderate pain at the injection site; clinically significant toxicities were not encountered. Transient but clear reductions of tumor sizes were observed at the injected sites in four of nine cases, and at noninjected distant sites in one melanoma patient. Hemorrhagic necrosis of tumors was observed in two melanoma patients. These data indicate that gene therapy by peritumoral injection of IL-12-producing autologous fibroblasts is feasible, and promising in patients with advanced cancer.
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Abe K, Abe K, Adachi I, Ahn BS, Aihara H, Akatsu M, Alimonti G, Aoki K, Asai K, Asai M, Asano Y, Aso T, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Bakich AM, Banas E, Behari S, Behera PK, Beiline D, Bondar A, Bozek A, Browder TE, Casey BC, Chang P, Chao Y, Cheon BG, Choi SK, Choi Y, Doi Y, Dragic J, Eidelman S, Enari Y, Enomoto R, Everton CW, Fang F, Fujii H, Fujita Y, Fukunaga C, Fukushima M, Garmash A, Gordon A, Gotow K, Guler H, Guo R, Haba J, Haji T, Hamasaki H, Hanagaki K, Handa F, Hara K, Hara T, Hastings NC, Hayashi K, Hayashii H, Hazumi M, Heenan EM, Higuchi I, Higuchi T, Hirai T, Hirano H, Hojo T, Hoshi Y, Hou WS, Hsu SC, Huang HC, Huang YC, Ichizawa S, Igarashi Y, Iijima T, Ikeda H, Ikeda K, Inami K, Inoue Y, Ishikawa A, Ishino H, Itoh R, Iwai G, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki Y, Jackson DJ, Jalocha P, Jang HK, Jones M, Kagan R, Kakuno H, Kaneko J, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kapusta P, Kasami K, Katayama N, Kawai H, Kawai M, Kawamura N, Kawasaki T, Kichimi H, Kim DW, Kim H, Kim HJ, Kim H, Kim SK, Kinoshita K, Kobayashi S, Koike S, Koishi S, Konishi H, Korotushenko K, Krokovny P, Kulasiri R, Kumar S, Kuniya T, Kurihara E, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lee MH, Lee SH, Leonidopoulos C, Li HB, Lu RS, Makida Y, Manabe A, Marlow D, Matsubara T, Matsuda T, Matsui S, Matsumoto S, Matsumoto T, Miyabayashi K, Miyake H, Miyata H, Moffitt LC, Mohapatra A, Moloney GR, Moorhead GF, Mori S, Mori T, Murakami A, Nagamine T, Nagasaka Y, Nagashima Y, Nakadaira T, Nakano E, Nakao M, Nakazawa H, Nam JW, Narita S, Natkaniec Z, Neichi K, Nishida S, Nitoh O, Noguchi S, Nozaki T, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Ohshima Y, Okabe T, Okazaki T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Ozaki H, Pakhlov P, Palka H, Park CS, Park CW, Park H, Peak LS, Peters M, Piilonen LE, Prebys E, Raaf J, Rodriguez JL, Root N, Rozanska M, Rybicki K, Ryuko J, Sagawa H, Sakai Y, Sakamoto H, Sakaue H, Satapathy M, Sato N, Satpathy A, Schrenk S, Semenov S, Sevior ME, Shibuya H, Shwartz B, Sidorov A, Sidorov V, Stanic S, Sugi A, Sugiyama A, Sumisawa K, Sumiyoshi T, Suzuki J, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Suzuki SY, Swain SK, Tajima H, Takahashi T, Takasaki F, Takita M, Tamai K, Tamura N, Tanaka J, Tanaka M, Tanaka Y, Taylor GN, Teramoto Y, Tomoto M, Tomura T, Tovey SN, Trabelsi K, Tsuboyama T, Tsujita Y, Tsukamoto T, Tsukamoto T, Uehara S, Ueno K, Ujiie N, Unno Y, Uno S, Ushiroda Y, Usov Y, Vahsen SE, Varner G, Varvell KE, Wang CC, Wang CH, Wang MZ, Wang TJ, Watanabe Y, Won E, Yabsley BD, Yamada Y, Yamaga M, Yamaguchi A, Yamaguchi H, Yamaoka H, Yamaoka Y, Yamashita Y, Yamauchi M, Yanaka S, Yokoyama M, Yoshida K, Yusa Y, Yuta H, Zhang CC, Zhao HW, Zheng Y, Zhilich V, Zontar D. Measurement of B(0)(d)-B_(0)(d) mixing rate from the time evolution of dilepton events at the upsilon(4S). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:3228-3232. [PMID: 11327938 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.3228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report a determination of the B(0)(d)-&B_(0)(d) mixing parameter Deltam(d) based on the time evolution of dilepton yields in Upsilon(4S) decays. The measurement is based on a 5.9 fb(-1) data sample collected by the Belle detector at KEKB. The proper-time difference distributions for same-sign and opposite-sign dilepton events are simultaneously fitted to an expression containing Deltam(d) as a free parameter. Using both muons and electrons, we obtain Deltam(d) = 0.463+/-0.008 (stat)+/-0.016 (syst) ps(-1). This is the first determination of Deltam(d) from time evolution measurements at the Upsilon(4S). We also place limits on possible CPT violations.
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Lee MH, Park H, Shim G, Lee J, Koo HS. Regulation of gene expression, cellular localization, and in vivo function of Caenorhabditis elegans DNA topoisomerase I. Genes Cells 2001; 6:303-12. [PMID: 11318873 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2443.2001.00423.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA topoisomerase I is dispensable in yeast, but is essential during the embryogenesis of Drosophila and mouse. In order to determine functions of the enzyme in the development of Caenorhabditis elegans, phenotypes resulting from the deficiency were observed and correlated with the expression of the gene. RESULTS The transcriptional regulation of the C. elegans DNA topoisomerase I gene was investigated by mRNA localization and reporter gene expression in C. elegans. The mRNA was expressed in the gonad and in the early embryos, followed by a rapid decrease in its level during the late embryonic stage. A reporter gene expression induced by the 5'-upstream DNA sequence appeared at the comma stage of embryos, continued through the L1 larval stage, and began to decrease gradually afterwards. The DNA topoisomerase I protein was immuno-localized in the nuclei of meiotic gonad cells and interphase embryonic cells, and unexpectedly in centrosomes of mitotic embryonic cells. Double-stranded RNA interference of DNA topoisomerase I gene expression resulted in pleiotropic phenotypes showing abnormal gonadogenesis, oocyte development and embryogenesis. CONCLUSION These phenotypes, along with expressional regulations, demonstrate that DNA topoisomerase I plays important roles in rapidly growing germ cells and embryonic cells.
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Kwak HI, Bae MO, Lee MH, Lee YS, Lee BJ, Kang KS, Chae CH, Sung HJ, Shin JS, Kim JH, Mar WC, Sheen YY, Cho MH. Effects of nonylphenol, bisphenol A, and their mixture on the viviparous swordtail fish (Xiphophorus helleri). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2001; 20:787-795. [PMID: 11345455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A number of fish species have been used for studies on endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). However, despite the widespread use of oviparous fish, relatively little attention has been given to viviparous species. This study investigated the effects of EDCs in a viviparous fish and examined the possible usefulness of the fish as an alternative model for the studies on EDCs. Swordtails (Xiphophorus helleri) were exposed to nonylphenol (NP), bisphenol A (BPA), and their mixture. Both short-term (3-d) and relatively long-term (60-d) exposures were carried out using adult male and 30-d-old juvenile fish, respectively. Following the short-term exposure, both NP and BPA caused vitellogenin mRNA expression. Flow cytometric analysis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase assay on the testes of treated fish indicated reproductive damage. Histopathological analysis found degenerative and necrotic cells in seminiferous tubules following the exposure to 100 ppb NP. The testes with lesions were also associated with highly suppressed spermatogenesis. Following the long-term exposure, both NP and BPA exposures significantly affected the growth of swordtails. In all cases, the results showed that the mixture was always more potent than a single chemical and that swordtail fish can be a useful model for the study of endocrine disruptors.
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Su NW, Lee MH. Purification and characterization of a novel salt-tolerant protease from Aspergillus sp. FC-10, a soy sauce koji mold. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2001; 26:253-8. [PMID: 11464276 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jim.7000129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2000] [Accepted: 11/30/2000] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A novel salt-tolerant protease produced by Aspergillus sp. FC-10 was purified to homogeneity through anion-exchange chromatography, preparative isoelectric-focusing electrophoresis, and gel filtration chromatography, with an overall recovery of 12.7%. This protease demonstrated an optimum pH range of 7.0-9.0 for activity, with a stable pH range of 5.0-9.0. The optimum process temperature at pH 7.0 was 65 degrees C. The enzyme has a molecular mass of 28 kDa and was deduced as a monomer with an isoelectric point of 3.75. Enzyme activity was strongly inhibited by 5 mM of HgCl(2) and FeCl(3), and significantly inhibited by 5 mM of CuSO(4), FeSO(4), and MnCl(2). The activity of this purified protease was inhibited by Na(2).EDTA; however, leupeptin, pepstatin A, PMSF, and E-64 did not affect the activity. Based on the N-terminal amino acid sequence and amino acid composition, this purified protease should be classified as a member of the deuterolysin family.
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Su NW, Lee MH. Screening and characterization of koji molds producing saline-tolerant protease. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2001; 26:230-4. [PMID: 11464272 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jim.7000118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2000] [Accepted: 01/25/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Three mold strains isolated from soil in the Taipei area of Taiwan were compared with a commercial strain of Aspergillus oryzae for their proteolytic activities in an 18% NaCl aqueous solution system. Among these strains, the one subsequently identified and designated as Aspergillus sp. FC-10 produced protease with superior saline tolerance. In aflatoxin tests, this strain did not generate detectable aflatoxin after growing on steamed grain polished rice substrate for 24 days. Two types of extracellular proteases were preliminary fractionated by column chromatography on DEAE Sepharose CL-6B. Proteolytic activity of the nonadsorbed protease (P-I) was reduced to 9.4% in the 18% NaCl solution compared to its original activity determined in the buffer solution. However, the adsorbed protease (P-II) was particularly salt tolerant and stable, with 50% proteolytic activity retained throughout the 6-h stability test in 18% NaCl solution.
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Schneider JS, Lee MH, Anderson DW, Zuck L, Lidsky TI. Enriched environment during development is protective against lead-induced neurotoxicity. Brain Res 2001; 896:48-55. [PMID: 11277972 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(00)03249-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It is known that children of lower socioeconomic status have a disproportionately higher risk of being exposed to lead and have a more negative outcome from that exposure than children who are raised under more fortunate circumstances. Yet, little is known about how environmental factors may influence the injurious effects on the brain of a neurotoxin such as lead. The present study used an animal model of lead poisoning to examine the extent to which different environmental milieus may modify the effects of lead on the developing brain. Young rats were raised in either enriched or impoverished environments and drank either distilled water or water with lead. Lead-exposed rats raised in the impoverished environment had spatial learning deficits and significantly decreased neurotrophic factor gene expression in the hippocampus. In contrast, the animals raised in the enriched environment were significantly protected against the behavioral and neurochemical toxicity of lead. These results demonstrate that impoverished environment may accentuate while enriched environment may ameliorate neurobehavioral and neurochemical toxicity from developmental lead exposure.
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Abashian A, Abe K, Abe K, Adachi I, Ahn BS, Aihara H, Akatsu M, Alimonti G, Aoki K, Asai K, Asai M, Asano Y, Aso T, Aulchenko V, Aushev T, Bakich AM, Banas E, Behari S, Behera PK, Beiline D, Bondar A, Bozek A, Browder TE, Casey BC, Chang P, Chao Y, Cheon BG, Choi SK, Choi Y, Doi Y, Dragic J, Drutskoy A, Eidelman S, Enari Y, Enomoto R, Everton CW, Fang F, Fujii H, Fujimoto K, Fujita Y, Fukunaga C, Fukushima M, Garmash A, Gordon A, Gotow K, Guler H, Guo R, Haba J, Haji T, Hamasaki H, Hanagaki K, Handa F, Hara K, Hara T, Haruyama T, Hastings NC, Hayashi K, Hayashii H, Hazumi M, Heenan EM, Higashi Y, Higashino Y, Higuchi I, Higuchi T, Hirai T, Hirano H, Hirose M, Hojo T, Hoshi Y, Hoshina K, Hou WS, Hsu SC, Huang HC, Huang YC, Ichizawa S, Igarashi Y, Iijima T, Ikeda H, Ikeda K, Inami K, Inoue Y, Ishikawa A, Ishino H, Itoh R, Iwai G, Iwai M, Iwamoto M, Iwasaki H, Iwasaki Y, Jackson DJ, Jalocha P, Jang HK, Jones M, Kagan R, Kakuno H, Kaneko J, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kapusta P, Kasami K, Katayama N, Kawai H, Kawai H, Kawai M, Kawamura N, Kawasaki T, Kichimi H, Kim DW, Kim H, Kim HJ, Kim H, Kim SK, Kinoshita K, Kobayashi S, Koike S, Koishi S, Kondo Y, Konishi H, Korotushenko K, Krokovny P, Kulasiri R, Kumar S, Kuniya T, Kurihara E, Kuzmin A, Kwon YJ, Lee MH, Lee SH, Leonidopoulos C, Li HB, Lu RS, Makida Y, Manabe A, Marlow D, Matsubara T, Matsuda T, Matsui S, Matsumoto S, Matsumoto T, Mikami Y, Misono K, Miyabayashi K, Miyake H, Miyata H, Moffitt LC, Mohapatra A, Moloney GR, Moorhead GF, Morgan N, Mori S, Mori T, Murakami A, Nagamine T, Nagasaka Y, Nagashima Y, Nakadaira T, Nakamura T, Nakano E, Nakao M, Nakazawa H, Nam JW, Narita S, Natkaniec Z, Neichi K, Nishida S, Nitoh O, Noguchi S, Nozaki T, Ogawa S, Ohshima T, Ohshima Y, Okabe T, Okazaki T, Okuno S, Olsen SL, Ostrowicz W, Ozaki H, Pakhlov P, Palka H, Park CS, Park CW, Park H, Peak LS, Peters M, Piilonen LE, Prebys E, Rodriguez JL, Root N, Rozanska M, Rybicki K, Ryuko J, Sagawa H, Saitoh S, Sakai Y, Sakamoto H, Sakaue H, Satapathy M, Sato N, Satpathy A, Schrenk S, Semenov S, Settai Y, Sevior ME, Shibuya H, Shwartz B, Sidorov A, Sidorov V, Singh JB, Stanic S, Sugi A, Sugiyama A, Sumisawa K, Sumiyoshi T, Suzuki J, Suzuki J, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Suzuki SY, Swain SK, Tajima H, Takahashi T, Takasaki F, Takita M, Tamai K, Tamura N, Tanaka J, Tanaka M, Tanaka Y, Taylor GN, Teramoto Y, Tomoto M, Tomura T, Tovey SN, Trabelsi K, Tsuboyama T, Tsujita Y, Tsukamoto T, Tsukamoto T, Uehara S, Ueno K, Ujiie N, Unno Y, Uno S, Ushiroda Y, Usov Y, Vahsen SE, Varner G, Varvell KE, Wang CC, Wang CH, Wang MZ, Wang TJ, Watanabe Y, Won E, Yabsley BD, Yamada Y, Yamaga M, Yamaguchi A, Yamaguchi H, Yamamoto H, Yamanaka T, Yamaoka H, Yamaoka Y, Yamashita Y, Yamauchi M, Yanaka S, Yokoyama M, Yoshida K, Yusa Y, Yuta H, Zhang CC, Zhao HW, Zhang J, Zheng Y, Zhilich V, Zontar D. Measurement of the CP violation parameter sin2 phi(1) in B(0)(d) meson decays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:2509-2514. [PMID: 11289969 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.2509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present a measurement of the standard model CP violation parameter sin2 phi(1) (also known as sin2beta) based on a 10.5 fb(-1) data sample collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e(+)e(-) collider. One neutral B meson is reconstructed in the J/psiK(S), psi(2S)K(S), chi(c1)K(S), eta(c)K(S), J/psiK(L), or J/psipi(0) CP-eigenstate decay channel and the flavor of the accompanying B meson is identified from its charged particle decay products. From the asymmetry in the distribution of the time interval between the two B-meson decay points, we determine sin2 phi(1) = 0.58(+0.32)(-0.34)(stat)+0.09-0.10(syst).
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Miller MA, Nguyen VQ, Lee MH, Kosinski M, Schedl T, Caprioli RM, Greenstein D. A sperm cytoskeletal protein that signals oocyte meiotic maturation and ovulation. Science 2001; 291:2144-7. [PMID: 11251118 DOI: 10.1126/science.1057586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans oocytes, like those of most animals, arrest during meiotic prophase. Sperm promote the resumption of meiosis (maturation) and contraction of smooth muscle-like gonadal sheath cells, which are required for ovulation. We show that the major sperm cytoskeletal protein (MSP) is a bipartite signal for oocyte maturation and sheath contraction. MSP also functions in sperm locomotion, playing a role analogous to actin. Thus, during evolution, MSP has acquired extracellular signaling and intracellular cytoskeletal functions for reproduction. Proteins with MSP-like domains are found in plants, fungi, and other animals, suggesting that related signaling functions may exist in other phyla.
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Ohara T, Ohara K, Cao JM, Lee MH, Fishbein MC, Mandel WJ, Chen PS, Karagueuzian HS. Increased wave break during ventricular fibrillation in the epicardial border zone of hearts with healed myocardial infarction. Circulation 2001; 103:1465-72. [PMID: 11245654 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.103.10.1465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The action potential duration (APD) restitution hypothesis of wave break during ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the epicardial border zone (EBZ) of hearts with chronic myocardial infarction is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS VF was induced by rapid pacing, and the EBZ with the two adjoining sites (right ventricle and lateral left ventricle) were sequentially mapped in random order in 7 open-chest anesthetized dogs 6 to 8 weeks after left anterior descending artery occlusion and in 4 control dogs. At each site, 3 seconds of VF was mapped with 477 bipolar electrodes 1.6 mm apart. The number of wave fronts and approximate entropy were significantly (P:<0.01) higher in the EBZ than all other sites in both groups independent of the rate of invasion of new wave fronts and epicardial breakthroughs. The higher wavelet density in the EBZ was caused by increased (P:<0.01) incidence of spontaneous wave breaks. There was no difference between the two groups in either reentry period (80 episodes) or VF cycle length. Reentry in the EBZ had a smaller core perimeter, slower rotational speed, and a small or no excitable gap (P:<0.01), often causing termination after one rotation. The dynamic monophasic action potential duration restitution curve in the EBZ had longer (P:<0.01) diastolic intervals, over which the slope was >1. Connexin43-positive staining was significantly (P:<0.01) and selectively reduced in the EBZ. CONCLUSIONS A selective increase in wave break and alteration of reentry occur in the EBZ during VF in hearts with healed myocardial infarction. Increased wave break in the EBZ is compatible with the action potential duration restitution hypothesis.
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Cha SW, Lee HJ, Cho MH, Lee MH, Koh WS, Han S, Kim J, Lee E, Nam D, Jeong TC. Role of corticosterone in ethyl carbamate-induced immunosuppression in female BALB/c mice. Toxicol Lett 2001; 119:173-81. [PMID: 11246170 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(00)00306-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that the antibody response to the T-cell-dependent antigen, sheep red blood cells (SRBCs), was suppressed by ethyl carbamate in female BALB/c mice. At the same doses, ethyl carbamate decreased in the numbers of splenic macrophages, B cells, total T cells, CD4(+) T cells and CD8(+) T cells. In addition, the serum level of corticosterone was increased dose-dependently. To investigate the possible role of corticosterone in ethyl carbamate-induced immunosuppression, the antibody response to SRBCs and the subpopulation changes of splenocytes and thymocytes were determined in naive, sham-operated and adrenalectomized (ADX) female BALB/c mice. When the mice were treated intraperitoneally with 400 mg/kg ethyl carbamate, the antibody response was significantly suppressed by ethyl carbamate in naive and sham-operated mice in accompanying the decrease in spleen and thymus weights and/or the increase in the level of serum corticosterone. Meanwhile, the antibody response was not suppressed by ethyl carbamate in the ADX mice. The splenic numbers of total cells, macrophages, B and T cells, and CD4(+) cells were decreased by ethyl carbamate in naive and sham-operated mice. Meanwhile, each cell number was comparable with control in the ADX mice. The flow cytometric analyses on thymocytes did not show obvious differences as seen in the spleen. Finally, when the ADX mice were treated intraperitoneally with 25 mg/kg corticosterone, the antibody response was significantly suppressed. Taken together, our present results suggested that corticosterone might be, at least partially, responsible for ethyl carbamate-induced immunosuppression in female BALB/c mice.
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Zhou BP, Liao Y, Xia W, Spohn B, Lee MH, Hung MC. Cytoplasmic localization of p21Cip1/WAF1 by Akt-induced phosphorylation in HER-2/neu-overexpressing cells. Nat Cell Biol 2001; 3:245-52. [PMID: 11231573 DOI: 10.1038/35060032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 802] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Amplification or overexpression of HER-2/neu in cancer cells confers resistance to apoptosis and promotes cell growth. The cellular localization of p21Cip1/WAF1 has been proposed to be critical either in promoting cell survival or in inhibiting cell growth. Here we show that HER-2/neu-mediated cell growth requires the activation of Akt, which associates with p21Cip1/WAF1 and phosphorylates it at threonine 145, resulting in cytoplasmic localization of p21Cip1/WAF1. Furthermore, blocking the Akt pathway with a dominant-negative Akt mutant restores the nuclear localization and cell-growth-inhibiting activity of p21Cip1/WAF1. Our results indicate that HER-2/neu induces cytoplasmic localization of p21Cip1/WAF1 through activation of Akt to promote cell growth, which may have implications for the oncogenic activity of HER-2/neu and Akt.
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Lee MH, Choi HY, Sung YA, Lee JK. High signal intensity of the posterior pituitary gland on T1-weighted MR images. Correlation with plasma vasopressin concentration to water deprivation. Acta Radiol 2001; 42:129-34. [PMID: 11259937 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0455.2001.042002129.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of water deprivation on the signal intensity of the posterior pituitary gland on T1-weighted MR images and correlate the signal intensity with the plasma vasopressin concentration. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifteen rabbits were studied: Group 1 (n=10) was deprived of water for 9 days and Group 2 (n=5) was replenished water for 7 days after 7-day water deprivation. MR imaging and plasma vasopressin measurement by radioimmunoassay were made before and after water deprivation and replenishment. Sequential changes of the signal intensity ratio of the posterior lobe to the pons and plasma vasopressin concentration were correlated. RESULTS Before water deprivation, the hyperintense posterior lobe was demonstrated in all rabbits. During water deprivation, the signal intensity ratio decreased and vasopressin concentration increased gradually. On the contrary, the signal intensity ratio increased and vasopressin concentration decreased with water replenishment. The signal intensity ratio correlated well with the plasma vasopressin concentration (p<0.05). CONCLUSION There was a negative, linear correlation between the signal intensity ratio of the posterior pituitary gland on T1-weighted MR images and plasma vasopressin concentration to water deprivation. The results support that the high signal intensity of the posterior pituitary gland on T1-weighted MR images is attributed to the normal content of vasopressin-neurosecretory granules.
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Newman L, Xia W, Yang HY, Sahin A, Bondy M, Lukmanji F, Hung MC, Lee MH. Correlation of p27 protein expression with HER-2/neu expression in breast cancer. Mol Carcinog 2001; 30:169-75. [PMID: 11301477 DOI: 10.1002/mc.1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Strong expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2)/neu in breast cancer has been associated with poor prognosis. Reduced expression of p27(Kip1), a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, correlates with poor clinical outcome in breast cancer. In this study, we provide a correlation between these two important prognostic markers in patients with breast cancer. Breast tumor screening using immunohistochemistry indicated that downregulation of p27 correlated with HER-2/neu overexpression in studying 11 normal breast tissues and 51 primary breast carcinomas. We found HER-2/neu protein overexpression in 20 (41%) of 49 breast cancers and low p27 protein expression in 47 (92%) of 51 breast cancers. All 20 (100%) of the tumors that overexpressed HER-2/neu had low levels of p27 protein product; this correlation was statistically significant (P = 0.035). Decreasing p27 expression correlated with increasing HER-2/neu activity. Our results suggest that one function of the HER-2/neu product is to downregulate p27 expression in breast cancer. This study may be significant in selecting patients for HER-2/neu antibody therapy in the future. Mol. Carcinog. 30:169--175, 2001.
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Moroz A, Lee MH, Clark J. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy with hidradenitis suppurativa exacerbation: a case report. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2001; 82:412-4. [PMID: 11245766 DOI: 10.1053/apmr.2001.18229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) or complex regional pain syndrome type 1, is characterized by spontaneous pain or allodynia and hyperalgesia disproportionate to the inciting event, multiperipheral nerve involvement, edema, vasomotor or sudomotor change, and possible loss of function. It has been described in relation to various insults, including a number of infectious and inflammatory conditions. We report a case of a patient who developed RSD 1 week after an exacerbation of hidradenitis suppurativa, a rare chronic inflammatory disease of apocrine sweat glands. The patient responded well to a combination of range-of-motion exercises, thermal modalities, and oral steroids. Hidradenitis suppurativa should be considered when searching for an etiology of new onset RSD.
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