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Lee DU, Bhowmick K, Shaik MR, Choi D, Fan GH, Chou H, Bahadur A, Lee KJ, Chou H, Schuster K, Kolachana S, Jung D, Schellhammer S, Karagozian R. The Impact of Gender and Race on Outcomes for Hospitalized Hepatitis A Patients Stratified by Liver Disease Severity. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2025; 15:101479. [PMID: 39268480 PMCID: PMC11387681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is on the rise, with a minority of patients at risk for poor outcomes. This study investigates the prognostic impacts of race and gender on hospital outcomes among admitted HAV-infected patients. Methods Using the National Inpatient Sample from 2012 to 2017, patients admitted with HAV were selected and stratified by gender (male and female) and race (White, Black, Hispanic, Asian-Pacific Islander, Other). Propensity score-matching and statistical analysis were implemented with comparison to the controls ("Female" and "White"). Primary endpoints included mortality, length of stay (LOS), and hospitalization costs, while secondary endpoints consisted of hepatic-related medical complications such as ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, varices, and acute liver failure. Results Females with compensated cirrhosis had increased odds of mortality (aOR 2.59, 95% CI: 1.14-5.91, P = 0.02). Otherwise, no other differences in mortality were detected between genders and races. Females had a shorter hospital LOS (aOR 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96-0.98, P < 0.001), lower adjusted cost ($12,241 vs. $13,510, aOR 0.92, 95% CI: 0.92-0.92, P < 0.001), lower odds of esophageal varices (aOR 0.74, 95% CI: 0.57-0.97, P = 0.03) and hepatic encephalopathy (aOR 0.67, 95% CI: 0.53-0.84, P < 0.001) compared to males. Black patients exhibited higher LOS (aOR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.04-1.08, P < 0.001) and adjusted costs ($13,392 vs $12,592, aOR 1.02, 95% CI: 1.02-1.03, P < 0.001). Hispanic patients exhibited higher rates of esophageal varices (aOR 2.19, 95% CI: 1.28-3.76, P = 0.005) and adjusted costs ($14,202 vs. $12,381, aOR 1.07, 95% CI: 1.07-1.07, P < 0.001), and Asian patients experienced higher adjusted costs ($18,426 vs. $13,137, aOR 1.10, 95% CI: 1.10-1.10, P < 0.001) compared to White patients. Conclusion Various nuanced impacts of gender and race on hospitalization outcomes in HAV infection were observed, with only one subgroup analysis demonstrating a higher rate of mortality. Further research is warranted to better understand these findings and their implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David U Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland, 22 S. Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Kuntal Bhowmick
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, RI 02903, USA
| | - Mohammed R Shaik
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland, 22 S. Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Dabin Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland, 22 S. Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Gregory H Fan
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Washington St, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Hannah Chou
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Washington St, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Aneesh Bahadur
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Washington St, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Ki J Lee
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Washington St, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Harrison Chou
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Washington St, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Kimmy Schuster
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Washington St, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Sindhura Kolachana
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland, 22 S. Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Daniel Jung
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Washington St, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Sophie Schellhammer
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Washington St, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Raffi Karagozian
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Washington St, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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Casella A, Paxon Ndhlovu A, Posner JE, Kawanga L, Chan P, Duffy M, Madevu-Matson C, Musangulule JM. Strengthening person-centered care through quality improvement: a mixed-methods study examining implementation of the Person-Centered Care Assessment Tool in Zambian health facilities. HIV Res Clin Pract 2024; 25:2378585. [PMID: 39037612 DOI: 10.1080/25787489.2024.2378585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Person-centered care (PCC) is considered a fundamental approach to address clients' needs. There is a dearth of data on specific actions that HIV treatment providers identify as priorities to strengthen PCC. OBJECTIVE This study team developed the Person-Centered Care Assessment Tool (PCC-AT), which measures PCC service delivery within HIV treatment settings. The PCC-AT, including subsequent group action planning, was implemented across 29 facilities in Zambia among 173 HIV treatment providers. Mixed-methods study objectives included: (1) identify types of PCC-strengthening activities prioritized based upon low and high PCC-AT scores; (2) identify common themes in PCC implementation challenges and action plan activities by low and high PCC-AT score; and (3) determine differences in priority actions by facility ART clinic volume or geographic type. METHODS The study team conducted thematic analysis of action plan data and cross-tabulation queries to observe patterns across themes, PCC-AT scores, and key study variables. RESULTS The qualitative analysis identified 39 themes across 29 action plans. A higher proportion of rural compared to urban facilities identified actions related to stigma and clients' rights training; accessibility of educational materials and gender-based violence training. A higher proportion of urban and peri-urban compared to rural facilities identified actions related to community-led monitoring. DISCUSSION Findings provide a basis to understand common PCC weaknesses and activities providers perceive as opportunities to strengthen experiences in care. CONCLUSION To effectively support clients across the care continuum, systematic assessment of PCC services, action planning, continuous quality improvement interventions and re-measurements may be an important approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Malia Duffy
- Health Across Humanity, LLC, Boston, MA, USA
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Lv Q, Zhao H. The association of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) with the risk of myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Med 2024; 56:2306192. [PMID: 38253023 PMCID: PMC10810647 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2306192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective While studies have documented how metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) can contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD), whether MASLD is associated with myocardial infarction (MI) remains debateable. Herein, we systematically reviewed published articles and performed a meta-analysis to determine the relationship between MASLD and MI risk.Methods PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM, VIP, and WanFang databases were searched, and the DerSimonian Laird method was used to obtain hazard ratios (HRs) for binary variables to assess the correlation between MASLD and MI risk. Subgroup analyses for the study region, MASLD diagnosis, quality score, study design, and follow-up time were conducted simultaneously for the selected studies retrieved from the time of database establishment to March 2022. All study procedures were independently conducted by two investigators.Results The final analysis included seven articles, including eight prospective and two retrospective cohort studies. The MI risk was higher among MASLD patients than among non-MASLD patients (HR = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.08-1.47, p = 0.003). The results of the subgroup analysis of the study region revealed an association of MASLD with MI risk among Americans and Asians, but not in Europeans. Subgroup analyses of MASLD diagnosis showed that ultrasonography and other (fatty liver index[FLI] and computed tomography [CT)]) diagnostic methods, but not international classification of disease (ICD), increased the risk of MI. Subgroup analysis of the study design demonstrated a stronger relationship between MASLD and MI in retrospective studies but not in prospective studies. Subgroup analysis based on the follow-up duration revealed the association of MASLD with MI risk in cases with < 3 years of follow-up but not with ≥3 years of follow-up.Conclusion MASLD increases the risk of MI, independent of traditional risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Lv
- Department of Electrocardiogram, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Huashan Zhao
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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Luo P, Guo H, Liu B, Zhang Z, Xie Y, Yao J, Li X, Bian J, Zhuang J, Ouyang B, Wu J. Transcriptome analyses reveal key features of mouse seminal vesicle during aging. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2024; 70:249-260. [PMID: 39167124 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2024.2388121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Despite the significant morphological changes that occur in the seminal vesicles with aging, the transcriptomic characteristics remain largely unexplored. To address this, we performed bulk RNA sequencing on seminal vesicle samples from mice aged 3, 13, and 21 months to uncover transcriptomic alterations. Our findings reveal that aged seminal vesicles display cystic dilatation, epithelial hypoplasia, disordered muscle layers, fibrosis, and reduced proliferation capability. A comparison between 3-month-old and 21-month-old mice indicated that leukocyte-mediated immunity and leukocyte migration were the most significantly upregulated biological processes among differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Notably, several DEGs associated with "leukocyte migration," such as Vcam1, Cxcl13, and Ccl8, exhibited an increasing trend in transcriptomic and protein expression at three different time points in the seminal vesicles of mice. Additionally, we identified multiple aging-associated DEGs, including P21 and Tnfrsf1b. Two genes (Cd209f and Ccl8) were consistently upregulated across all six regions of the male reproductive glands (testis, epididymis, and seminal vesicle) in the comparison of bulk RNA datasets from 3-month-old and 21-month-old mice. These analyses highlight an enhanced state of immune and inflammatory response in aged seminal vesicles. This study represents the first exploration of the overall transcriptome landscape of seminal vesicles in a murine model of natural aging, offering new insights into the mechanisms underlying aging-related seminal vesicle dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Luo
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Guo
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baoning Liu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Andrology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yun Xie
- Department of Urology and Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Yao
- Department of Urology and Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangping Li
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Bian
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jintao Zhuang
- Department of Urology, The Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Ouyang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Andrology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Wu
- Department of Andrology, Ganzhou People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou, China
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Tantiworawit A, Kamolsripat T, Piriyakhuntorn P, Rattanathammethee T, Hantrakool S, Chai-Adisaksopha C, Rattarittamrong E, Norasetthada L, Fanhchaksai K, Charoenkwan P. Survival and causes of death in patients with alpha and beta-thalassemia in Northern Thailand. Ann Med 2024; 56:2338246. [PMID: 38604224 PMCID: PMC11011226 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2338246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thalassemia is the most prevalent hereditary anaemia worldwide. Severe forms of thalassemia can lead to reduced life expectancy due to disease-related complications. OBJECTIVES To investigate the survival of thalassemia patients across varying disease severity, causes of death and related clinical factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of thalassemia patients who received medical care at Chiang Mai University Hospital. The analysis focused on survival outcomes, and potential associations between clinical factors and patient survival. RESULTS A total of 789 patients were included in our study cohort. Among them, 38.1% had Hb H disease, 35.4% had Hb E/beta-thalassemia and 26.5% had beta-thalassemia major. Half of the patients (50.1%) required regular transfusions. Sixty-five patients (8.2%) had deceased. The predominant causes of mortality were infection-related (36.9%) and cardiac complications (27.7%). Transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) (adjusted HR 3.68, 95% CI 1.39-9.72, p = 0.008) and a mean serum ferritin level ≥3000 ng/mL (adjusted HR 4.18, 95% CI 2.20-7.92, p < 0.001) were independently associated with poorer survival. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the primary contributors to mortality in patients with thalassemia as infection-related issues and cardiac complications. It also underscores the significant impact of TDT and elevated serum ferritin levels on the survival of thalassemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adisak Tantiworawit
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Thalassemia and Hematology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thansita Kamolsripat
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pokpong Piriyakhuntorn
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thanawat Rattanathammethee
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sasinee Hantrakool
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chatree Chai-Adisaksopha
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Ekarat Rattarittamrong
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Lalita Norasetthada
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kanda Fanhchaksai
- Thalassemia and Hematology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pimlak Charoenkwan
- Thalassemia and Hematology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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6
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Deng H, Xue P, Zhou X, Wang Y, Liu W. CCL4/CCR5 regulates chondrocyte biology and OA progression. Cytokine 2024; 183:156746. [PMID: 39236430 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common musculoskeletal disorder characterized by chondrocyte apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation. This study aimed to investigate the role of CCL4/CCR5 in regulating chondrocyte apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in OA progression. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis was employed to identify CCL4 as the target gene, following which primary chondrocytes were treated with varying concentrations of CCL4. Apoptosis rate of chondrocytes and ROS levels were assessed using flow cytometry. The mechanism by which CCL4 regulated the extracellular matrix was investigated through Western blot and Immunofluorescence analyses. Additionally, maraviroc, a CCR5 inhibitor, was administered to chondrocytes in order to explore the potential signaling pathway of CCL4/CCR5. RESULTS Our study found that CCL4 was predominantly up-regulated among the top 10 hub genes identified in RNA-sequencing analysis. Validation through quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) confirmed elevated CCL4 expression in patients with Hip joint osteoarthritis, knee joint osteoarthritis, and facet joint osteoarthritis. The upregulation of CCL4 was associated with an increase in chondrocyte apoptosis and ROS levels. Mechanistically, CCL4, upon binding to its receptor CCR5, triggered the downstream phosphorylation of P65 in the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. In vitro experiments demonstrated that treatment with maraviroc mitigated chondrocyte apoptosis, reduced intracellular ROS levels, and attenuated extracellular matrix degradation. CONCLUSION The study highlights the critical role of CCL4/CCR5 in modulating chondrocyte apoptosis and ROS levels in OA progression. Targeting this pathway may offer promising therapeutic interventions for mitigating the pathogenic mechanisms associated with OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Pengfei Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China; Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Yuntao Wang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
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Essouma M, Noubiap JJ. Lupus and other autoimmune diseases: Epidemiology in the population of African ancestry and diagnostic and management challenges in Africa. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. GLOBAL 2024; 3:100288. [PMID: 39282618 PMCID: PMC11399606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are prevalent among people of African ancestry living outside Africa. However, the burden of autoimmune diseases in Africa is not well understood. This article provides a global overview of the current burden of autoimmune diseases in individuals of African descent. It also discusses the major factors contributing to autoimmune diseases in this population group, as well as the challenges involved in diagnosing and managing autoimmune diseases in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickael Essouma
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Cameroon
| | - Jean Jacques Noubiap
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif
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8
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Hu W, Luo L, Li M, Xiong X, Huang W, Huang Y, Sun J, Ding H, Yu H. Anti-inflammatory diet reduces risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease among US adults: a nationwide survey. Scand J Gastroenterol 2024; 59:1192-1201. [PMID: 39215699 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2024.2395851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While dietary intervention was an important public health strategy for the prevention and intervention of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), the effect of diet-induced inflammation on MAFLD has not been studied in detail. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the relationship between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and MAFLD. METHODS This study included data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018. MAFLD was diagnosed based on the presence of hepatic steatosis, as determined by transient elastography, along with evidence of either overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or metabolic dysfunction. DII was calculated using 27 dietary components collected through 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire. Weighted logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between DII and MAFLD and its main components in three different models. Subgroup analyses were performed by age, sex, and alcohol use. RESULTS A total of 1991 participants were included, and the MAFLD group had higher DII scores. After adjusting for age, sex, race, physical activity, smoking status, and alcohol use, the highest quartile of DII was associated with increased risk of MAFLD (OR:2.90, 95% CIs: 1.46, 5.75). Overweight/obesity, central obesity, low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high C-reactive protein (CRP) also shared the same characteristics in the main components of MAFLD. Results were consistent across subgroups (age, sex, and alcohol use). CONCLUSIONS A higher DII diet was positively associated with the risk of MAFLD in American adults, particularly as related to overweight/obesity, central obesity, high CRP level, and low HDL-C level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University; State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Dongguan, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Mingzi Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xi Xiong
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yanfang Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jianbo Sun
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Haifeng Ding
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Haibing Yu
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University; State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Dongguan, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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9
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Sharma S, Nayak S, R B, Singh K. Silico-tuberculosis: An updated review. Indian J Tuberc 2024; 71:471-475. [PMID: 39278682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtb.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Silico-Tuberculosis (silico-TB) is a severe combination of tuberculosis and silicosis, caused by occupational exposure to fine crystalline silica dust, which has become a global health concern. This comprehensive review compiles the updated knowledge regarding pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, important diagnostic techniques, treatment aspects, and challenges in understanding silico-TB. The review compiles the disease's history and epidemiology, highlighting a lack of data owing to poor monitoring and healthcare particularly in low- and middle-income countries like India. Further weak safety regulations, lack of preventative measures, and inadequate education increase the rates of silico-TB. The pathophysiology shows how silica particles impair the immune system and stimulate Th2 cells and M2 macrophages, which exacerbate TB, while inhibiting Th1 cells and M1 macrophages, which fight against the disease. Subsequently, it can be difficult to distinguish current TB from pre-existing silicosis. In cases where sputum and X-ray results are negative, chest CT scans may be helpful since radiographic screening identifies TB earlier than sputum assessment. Isoniazid, rifampicin, or both minimize the risk of active tuberculosis in people with silicosis. Consistent anti-tuberculosis drug therapy is recommended for 8-9 months to stop recurrence. The assessment recommends integrating silicosis and TB control initiatives to fight this combined health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India; Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Virology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (RMRIMS), Patna, Bihar, India.
| | - Snehasish Nayak
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Bhavani R
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
| | - Kamal Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India; Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Virology, Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences (RMRIMS), Patna, Bihar, India.
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Montoya-Buelna M, Ramirez-Lopez IG, San Juan-Garcia CA, Garcia-Regalado JJ, Millan-Sanchez MS, de la Cruz-Mosso U, Haramati J, Pereira-Suarez AL, Macias-Barragan J. Contribution of extracellular vesicles to steatosis-related liver disease and their therapeutic potential. World J Hepatol 2024; 16:1211-1228. [DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i9.1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small particles released by many cell types in different tissues, including the liver, and transfer specific cargo molecules from originating cells to receptor cells. This process generally culminates in activation of distant cells and inflammation and progression of certain diseases. The global chronic liver disease (CLD) epidemic is estimated at 1.5 billion patients worldwide. Cirrhosis and liver cancer are the most common risk factors for CLD. However, hepatitis C and B virus infection and obesity are also highly associated with CLD. Nonetheless, the etiology of many CLD pathophysiological, cellular, and molecular events are unclear. Changes in hepatic lipid metabolism can lead to lipotoxicity events that induce EV release. Here, we aimed to present an overview of EV features, from definition to types and biogenesis, with particular focus on the molecules related to steatosis-related liver disease, diagnosis, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Montoya-Buelna
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Inocencia G Ramirez-Lopez
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ameca 46600, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Cesar A San Juan-Garcia
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jose J Garcia-Regalado
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Mariana S Millan-Sanchez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ulises de la Cruz-Mosso
- Red de Inmunonutrición y Genómica Nutricional en las Enfermedades Autoinmunes, Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jesse Haramati
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan 45200, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Ana L Pereira-Suarez
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Jose Macias-Barragan
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ameca 46600, Jalisco, Mexico
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11
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Li X, Argenta PA, Brown K, Honeyfield K, Hunter-Schlichting D, Gruner M, Teoh D, Peres LC, Geller M, Nelson HH, Vogel RI. Associations of cytomegalovirus infection with cancer-related cognitive impairment and peripheral neuropathy in ovarian cancer survivors. Gynecol Oncol 2024; 191:25-30. [PMID: 39332277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2024.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the associations between active CMV infection and patient-reported symptoms of cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) and peripheral neuropathy in ovarian cancer survivors. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study among individuals with a diagnosis of ovarian cancer, primary peritoneal cancer, or fallopian tube cancer from academic and community cancer clinics at any time point after completion of front-line chemotherapy. Participants completed a one-time survey and provided a blood sample. Plasma virus DNA levels were measured using digital PCR, with ≥100 copies/mL of plasma considered active infection (CMV+, EBV+ as a control). We measured symptoms of CRCI and peripheral neuropathy using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Cognitive Function short form 8a and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecologic Oncology Group - Neurotoxicity (FACT/GOG-NTX) subscale measurements, respectively. Symptoms were compared by active CMV infection status in the full group and among the subgroup receiving active treatment using t-tests and linear regression models. RESULTS 152 participants were included. A total of 59 (38.8 %) participants were CMV+. After adjustment for potential confounding variables, individuals who were CMV+ self-reported significantly more symptoms of peripheral neuropathy that those who were CMV- (p = 0.04). In the subgroup of participants currently receiving chemotherapy, individuals who were CMV+ had significantly lower perceived cognitive functioning compared to individuals who were CMV- (p = 0.03); this was not observed in the full cohort. No associations were observed between outcomes and EBV infection. CONCLUSIONS Active CMV infection is common in this survivor population and may be associated with more symptoms of CRCI and neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Li
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Peter A Argenta
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Katherine Brown
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Kate Honeyfield
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Devon Hunter-Schlichting
- Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Morgan Gruner
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Deanna Teoh
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Lauren C Peres
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Melissa Geller
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Heather H Nelson
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America; Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Rachel I Vogel
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America.
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12
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Peng Y, Chen L, Chen X, Lin J, Wei J, Cheng J, Zhou F, Ge L, Zhou R, Ding F, Wang X. NPSR1 promotes chronic colitis through regulating CD4 + T cell effector function in inflammatory bowel disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 142:113252. [PMID: 39332092 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropeptide S receptor 1 (NPSR1) has been implicated in the the onset of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), though its exact mechanism remains unclear. This study investigates the role of NPSR1 in regulating CD4+ T cell effector function in IBD. METHODS Peripheral blood and colonic mucosal biopsies from IBD patients, as well as dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse colitis models, were analyzed to assess the effects of NPSR1 on colitis and CD4+ T cell-mediated immune responses. NPSR1 knockdown was conducted both in vitro and in vivo to elucidate underlying mechanisms. Expression of NPSR1 and CD4+ T cell-related factors was measured using quantitative real-time PCR, immunoblotting, cytometric bead array, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. CD4 + T cell effector functions were evaluated through flow cytometry, EdU incorporation assay, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, and transwell assay. RESULTS NPSR1 expression was elevated in the intestinal tissues from IBD patients. Its downregulation provided protection in DSS-induced mouse colitis models. NPSR1 correlated positively with CD4 + T cell-mediated inflammation, and its knockdown reduced CD4+ T cell-mediated immune responses and inhibited CD4+ T cell differentiation. Additionally, NPSR1 knockdown decreased CD4+ T cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, and enhanced CCL2-induced migration in vitro, while significantly reducing Th1 cell chemotaxis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that NPSR1 promotes chronic colitis by regulating CD4 + T cell effector functions in IBD, offering potential new therapeutic strategies for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Liuqing Ge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China.
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13
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Bademler S, Kılıç B, Üçüncü M, Zirtiloglu A, İlhan B. The Role of Biomarkers in the Early Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer: A Study on CCR5, CCL5, PDGF, and EphA7. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:10651-10661. [PMID: 39329983 PMCID: PMC11430782 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46090632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the use of screening programs, gastric cancer (GC) diagnosis may only be possible at an advanced stage. In this study, we examined the serum levels of C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and EphrinA7 (EphA7) in patients with gastric carcinoma and healthy controls to investigate the significance and usability of these potential biomarkers in the early diagnosis of GC. The study enrolled 69 GC patients and 40 healthy individuals. CCR5, CCL5, PDGF-BB, and EphA7 levels, which have been identified in the carcinogenesis of many cancers, were measured in the blood samples using the ELISA method. CCR5, CCL5, PDGF-BB, and EphA7 were all correlated with GC diagnosis (CCR5, p < 0.001, r = -0.449; CCL5, p = 0.014, r = -0.234; PDGF-BB, p < 0.001, r = -0.700; EPHA7, p < 0.001, r = -0.617). The serum CCR5, EphA7, and especially the PDGF-BB levels of the patients diagnosed with GC were discovered to be significantly higher compared to the healthy controls. PDGF-BB had the highest positive and negative predictive values when evaluated in ROC analysis to determine its diagnostic significance (cut-off value: 59.8 ng/L; AUC: 0.92 (0.87-0.97)). As far as we know, this is the first study to investigate the potential connection between GC and these four biomarkers. The fact that serum CCR5, CCL5, EphA7, and especially PDGF-BB levels in the patient group were significantly higher compared to healthy controls indicates that they can be used with high accuracy in the early diagnosis of GC. In addition, the levels of CCR5, PDGF-BB, and EphA7 can be used as important indicators to predict the biological behavior and prognosis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Süleyman Bademler
- Department of Surgery, Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berkay Kılıç
- Department of Surgery, Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Üçüncü
- Department of Health Science Institute, Istanbul Gelisim University, 34310 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alisan Zirtiloglu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, 34147 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burak İlhan
- Department of Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093 Istanbul, Turkey
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14
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Faienza MF, Farella I, Khalil M, Portincasa P. Converging Pathways between Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) and Diabetes in Children. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9924. [PMID: 39337412 PMCID: PMC11432101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past thirty years, childhood obesity rates have risen significantly worldwide, affecting over 340 million children in affluent nations. This surge is intricately tied to metabolic disorders, notably insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the continually evolving spectrum of metabolic-associated (dysfunction) steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This review underscores the alarming escalation of childhood obesity and delves comprehensively into the evolving and dynamic changes of nomenclature surrounding diverse conditions of hepatic steatosis, from the initial recognition of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to the progressive evolution into MASLD. Moreover, it emphasizes the crucial role of pediatric endocrinologists in thoroughly and accurately investigating MASLD onset in children with T2DM, where each condition influences and exacerbates the progression of the other. This review critically highlights the inadequacies of current screening strategies and diagnosis, stressing the need for a paradigm shift. A proposed solution involves the integration of hepatic magnetic resonance imaging assessment into the diagnostic arsenal for children showing insufficient glycemic control and weight loss post-T2DM diagnosis, thereby complementing conventional liver enzyme testing. This holistic approach aims to significantly enhance diagnostic precision, fostering improved outcomes in this vulnerable high-risk pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Felicia Faienza
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Farella
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (I.F.); (M.K.)
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (I.F.); (M.K.)
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (I.F.); (M.K.)
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15
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Sun YW, Zhao BW, Li HF, Zhang GX. Overview of ferroptosis and pyroptosis in acute liver failure. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:3856-3861. [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i34.3856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In this editorial, we comment on the article by Zhou et al published in a recent issue. We specifically focus on the crucial roles of ferroptosis and pyroptosis in acute liver failure (ALF), a disease with high mortality rates. Ferroptosis is the result of increased intracellular reactive oxygen species due to iron accumulation, glutathione (GSH) depletion, and decreased GSH peroxidase 4 activity, while pyroptosis is a procedural cell death mediated by gasdermin D which initiates a sustained inflammatory process. In this review, we describe the characteristics of ferroptosis and pyroptosis, and discuss the involvement of the two cell death modes in the onset and development of ALF. Furthermore, we summarize several interfering methods from the perspective of ferroptosis and pyroptosis for the alleviation of ALF. These observations might provide new targets and a theoretical basis for the treatment of ALF, which are also crucial for improving the prognosis of patients with ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wen Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bo-Wen Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hai-Fang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guang-Xiao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong Province, China
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16
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Cao Q, Zeng W, Nie J, Ye Y, Chen Y. The protective effects of apelin-13 in HIV-1 tat- induced macrophage infiltration and BBB impairment. Tissue Barriers 2024:2392361. [PMID: 39264117 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2024.2392361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Impairment of the blood - brain barrier (BBB) and subsequent inflammatory responses contribute to the development of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Apelin-13, the most abundant member of the apelin family, acts as the ligand of the angiotensin receptor-like 1 (APJ). However, its pharmacological function in HAND and its underlying mechanism are unknown. In the current study, we report that the presence of HIV-1 Tat reduced the levels of Apelin-13 and APJ in the cortex tissue of mice. Importantly, Apelin-13 preserved BBB integrity against HIV-1 Tat in mice by increasing the expression of the tight junction protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin. Interestingly, increased macrophage infiltration, indicated by elevated CD68-positive staining was observed in the cortex after stimulation with HIV-1, which was mitigated by the administration of Apelin-13. Correspondingly, Apelin-13 reduced the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; (MCP-1). An in vitro two-chamber and two-cell trans-well assay demonstrated that HIV-1 Tat challenge significantly promoted macrophage migration, which was notably attenuated by the introduction of Apelin-13. Accordingly, treatment with Apelin-13 restored the HIV-1 Tat-induced reduction of occludin and ZO-1, while preventing the upregulation of MCP-1 in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMVECs). Our results suggest that Apelin-13 may reduce macrophage infiltration into brain tissues and mitigate BBB dysfunction in patients with HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Cao
- First Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Department of Emergency, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingmin Nie
- First Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongjun Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanchao Chen
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
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17
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Procyk G, Jaworski J, Gąsecka A, Filipiak KJ, Borovac JA. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease - A new indication for sodium-glucose Co-transporter-2 inhibitors. Adv Med Sci 2024; 69:407-415. [PMID: 39260740 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2024.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has been proposed as a new name for the previous non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). There are some differences between MASLD and NAFLD, e.g., diagnostic criteria. MASLD is a hepatic steatosis without harmful alcohol consumption and is caused by metabolic factors. The prevalence of MASLD varies amongst different populations. The change in lifestyle plays a fundamental role in MASLD management, while there is no registered pharmacotherapy in this indication. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been suggested to have a beneficial effect on hepatic steatosis, hence, they have been widely investigated as potential therapeutics in MASLD. In this review, we aimed to thoroughly summarize current evidence from original research about the effects of SGLT2i use on MASLD. Almost all discussed studies advocate using SGLT2i in MASLD because of their beneficial effects. It includes the loss of body weight, which is beneficial per se, and the improvement in hepatic parameters. Most importantly, steatosis reduction has been observed in patients using SGLT2i. We highly recommend further research in this field, which we believe will eventually lead to a new indication for SGLT2i, i.e., MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Procyk
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jakub Jaworski
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Gąsecka
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof J Filipiak
- Institute of Clinical Science, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Hypertension, Angiology and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Josip A Borovac
- Cardiovascular Diseases Department, University Hospital of Split, Split, Croatia
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18
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Wang Y, Zhang W, Liu S, Wang F, Huang Q, Li E, Zhu M, Yu J, Shi J. Diagnostic Value of SAA Levels and Perianal Symptoms in the Complicated Perianal Abscesses Among Mpox-Infected Patients. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:6239-6250. [PMID: 39281777 PMCID: PMC11397184 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s472800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Precise prediction of the occurrence of complicated perianal abscesses (PAs) in monkeypox (mpox)-infected patients is important for therapeutic optimization. This study sought to identify risk factors of complicated PA. Methods A total of 48 patients with mpox infection (PA group, n = 10; non-PA (NPA) group, n = 38) were enrolled in our study, who were hospitalized in Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, China from 29 June to 3 September 2023. The data of demographic characteristics, and clinical symptoms, serum SAA, PCT, CRP, and IL-6 levels were collected by the Electronic Medical Record. The diagnostic values of these biomarkers were assessed using multivariate logistic regression and ROC curve analyses. Results A decrease in serum IL-6, SAA, and CRP levels (all p-value < 0.05), but not PCT, was observed in all mpox-infected patients. A significant positive correlation was also noted between IL-6, SAA, CRP, and PCT levels (all p-value < 0.05). There was a significant increase in IL-6 and SAA levels and the SAA/CRP ratio in serum samples from patients in the PA group. Multivariate logistic regression and ROC curve analyses identified that the combined use of perianal symptoms and SAA was more sensitive than perianal symptoms or SAA alone as predictors of complicated PA. This combination had the highest predictive value for disease progression, with an AUC of 0.920 (p-value < 0.001). Conclusion The combination of perianal symptoms and SAA levels was strongly linked to the occurrence of complicated PA in mpox-infected patients. These findings may inform the early diagnosis of this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Infection, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hepatology and Epidemiology, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Infection, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shourong Liu
- Department of Infection, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Infection, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Infection, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Er Li
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingli Zhu
- Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Department of Infection, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinchuan Shi
- Department of Infection, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Liu E, Zhang Y, Wang JZ. Updates in Alzheimer's disease: from basic research to diagnosis and therapies. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:45. [PMID: 39232848 PMCID: PMC11373277 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00432-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, characterized pathologically by extracellular deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) into senile plaques and intracellular accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) as neurofibrillary tangles. Clinically, AD patients show memory deterioration with varying cognitive dysfunctions. The exact molecular mechanisms underlying AD are still not fully understood, and there are no efficient drugs to stop or reverse the disease progression. In this review, we first provide an update on how the risk factors, including APOE variants, infections and inflammation, contribute to AD; how Aβ and tau become abnormally accumulated and how this accumulation plays a role in AD neurodegeneration. Then we summarize the commonly used experimental models, diagnostic and prediction strategies, and advances in periphery biomarkers from high-risk populations for AD. Finally, we introduce current status of development of disease-modifying drugs, including the newly officially approved Aβ vaccines, as well as novel and promising strategies to target the abnormal pTau. Together, this paper was aimed to update AD research progress from fundamental mechanisms to the clinical diagnosis and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enjie Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Endocrine, Liyuan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, China
| | - Jian-Zhi Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Neurological Disorders, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China.
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Buchynskyi M, Oksenych V, Kamyshna I, Budarna O, Halabitska I, Petakh P, Kamyshnyi O. Genomic insight into COVID-19 severity in MAFLD patients: a single-center prospective cohort study. Front Genet 2024; 15:1460318. [PMID: 39296547 PMCID: PMC11408174 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1460318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes associated with the interferon pathway (IFNAR2 rs2236757), antiviral response (OAS1 rs10774671, OAS3 rs10735079), and viral entry (ACE2 rs2074192) on COVID-19 severity and their association with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (MAFLD). We did not observe a significant association between the investigated SNPs and COVID-19 severity. While the IFNAR2 rs2236757 A allele was correlated with higher creatinine levels upon admission and the G allele was correlated with lower band neutrophils upon discharge, these findings require further investigation. The distribution of OAS gene polymorphisms (rs10774671 and rs10735079) did not differ between MAFLD patients and non-MAFLD patients. Our study population's distribution of ACE2 rs2074192 genotypes and alleles differed from that of the European reference population. Overall, our findings suggest that these specific SNPs may not be major contributors to COVID-19 severity in our patient population, highlighting the potential role of other genetic factors and environmental influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykhailo Buchynskyi
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Valentyn Oksenych
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Iryna Kamyshna
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Olena Budarna
- Department of Neurology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Halabitska
- Department of Therapy and Family Medicine, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Pavlo Petakh
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Kamyshnyi
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
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Abdelhameed F, Kite C, Lagojda L, Dallaway A, Chatha KK, Chaggar SS, Dalamaga M, Kassi E, Kyrou I, Randeva HS. Non-invasive Scores and Serum Biomarkers for Fatty Liver in the Era of Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD): A Comprehensive Review From NAFLD to MAFLD and MASLD. Curr Obes Rep 2024; 13:510-531. [PMID: 38809396 PMCID: PMC11306269 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00574-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly increasing worldwide, making it the leading cause of liver related morbidity and mortality. Currently, liver biopsy is the gold standard for assessing individuals with steatohepatitis and fibrosis. However, its invasiveness, sampling variability, and impracticality for large-scale screening has driven the search for non-invasive methods for early diagnosis and staging. In this review, we comprehensively summarise the evidence on the diagnostic performance and limitations of existing non-invasive serum biomarkers and scores in the diagnosis and evaluation of steatosis, steatohepatitis, and fibrosis. RECENT FINDINGS Several non-invasive serum biomarkers and scores have been developed over the last decade, although none has successfully been able to replace liver biopsy. The introduction of new NAFLD terminology, namely metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and more recently metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), has initiated a debate on the interchangeability of these terminologies. Indeed, there is a need for more research on the variability of the performance of non-invasive serum biomarkers and scores across the diagnostic entities of NAFLD, MAFLD and MASLD. There remains a significant need for finding valid and reliable non-invasive methods for early diagnosis and assessment of steatohepatitis and fibrosis to facilitate prompt risk stratification and management to prevent disease progression and complications. Further exploration of the landscape of MASLD under the newly defined disease subtypes is warranted, with the need for more robust evidence to support the use of commonly used serum scores against the new MASLD criteria and validation of previously developed scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Abdelhameed
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
- Institute for Cardiometabolic Medicine, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Chris Kite
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
- Chester Medical School, University of Chester, Shrewsbury, SY3 8HQ, UK
| | - Lukasz Lagojda
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
- Clinical Evidence-Based Information Service (CEBIS), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Alexander Dallaway
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
- School of Health and Society, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, WV1 1LY, UK
| | - Kamaljit Kaur Chatha
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
- Institute for Cardiometabolic Medicine, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
| | | | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- First Department of Propaupedic and Internal Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kyrou
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK.
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK.
- Institute for Cardiometabolic Medicine, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK.
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK.
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby, DE22 1GB, UK.
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855, Athens, Greece.
| | - Harpal S Randeva
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK.
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK.
- Institute for Cardiometabolic Medicine, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK.
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Murante D, Hogan DA. Drivers of diversification in fungal pathogen populations. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012430. [PMID: 39264909 PMCID: PMC11392411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
To manage and treat chronic fungal diseases effectively, we require an improved understanding of their complexity. There is an increasing appreciation that chronic infection populations are often heterogeneous due to diversification and drift, even within a single microbial species. Genetically diverse populations can contribute to persistence and resistance to treatment by maintaining cells with different phenotypes capable of thriving in these dynamic environments. In chronic infections, fungal pathogens undergo prolonged challenges that can drive trait selection to convergent adapted states through restricted access to critical nutrients, assault by immune effectors, competition with other species, and antifungal drugs. This review first highlights the various genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that promote diversity in pathogenic fungal populations and provide an additional barrier to assessing the actual heterogeneity of fungal infections. We then review existing studies of evolution and genetic heterogeneity in fungal populations from lung infections associated with the genetic disease cystic fibrosis. We conclude with a discussion of open research questions that, once answered, may aid in diagnosing and treating chronic fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Murante
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Deborah Ann Hogan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
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23
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Fan Z, Shi X, Xu M, Wen H. The Chinese version of Defensive Medicine Scale (DMS): reliability and validity test among physicians. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:462. [PMID: 39217402 PMCID: PMC11365130 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01957-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physicians are inclined to resort to defensive medicine (DM) for self-protection due to the increasing potential risk of medical litigation. DM is globally prevalent and has become an impediment to the development of healthcare. However, there is a lack of validated tools specifically designed to assess DM in China. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of Defensive Medicine Scale (DMS) among clinicians to provide a practicable tool for relevant research. METHODS The present research consists of two phases. In Phase 1, DMS was administered to survey 327 physicians, and the collected data were obtained for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis. Phase 2 applied DMS to survey 323 physicians, from which the data was used for confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability and cross-cohort consistency tests. Moreover, the participants of Phase 2 were required to complete Workplace Well-Being Scale (WWBS), Career Commitment Scale (CCS), Occupational Disidentification Scale (ODS), Intent to Leave Scale (ILS), and Difficult Doctor-Patient Relationship Questionnaire (DDPRQ-10) to test the convergent validity of DMS. RESULTS The Chinese version of DMS consists of 10 items divided into 2 dimensions, Positive Defensive Medicine (PDM) and Negative Defensive Medicine (NDM). The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the two-factor model fitted well (χ2/df = 2.540, RMSEA = 0.069, CFI = 0.981, IFI = 0.981, TLI = 0.971, PNFI = 0.646, PCFI = 0.654, SRMR = 0.044). Furthermore, the total score and the score of each dimension for DMS had a significant negative correlation with WWBS and CCS scores, and a significant positive correlation with ODS, ILS, and DDPRQ-10 scores. The Cronbach's α coefficients for the total DMS and PDM and NDM dimensions were 0.917, 0.935, and 0.842, respectively; the split-half reliability coefficients were 0.922, 0.947, and 0.839, respectively. In addition, DMS showed cross-gender invariance. CONCLUSION The Chinese version of DMS has been demonstrated to be an effective tool to assess defensive medicine among Chinese physicians with good psychometric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Fan
- Department of Psychology, School of Teacher Education, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
- School of Education, Jilin International Studies University, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Shi
- School of Education, Jilin International Studies University, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Minglu Xu
- The Third Affiliated Clinical Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjuan Wen
- School of Health Management, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Amara SS, R Hansen B. Reducing Violence by Patients against Healthcare Workers at Inpatient Psychiatric Hospitals: An Integrative Review. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39208405 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2024.2386419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Violence by patients against healthcare workers is of global concern among both producers and consumers of health care. The US is among the countries with the highest reports of workplace violence, and the majority of the violent incidents occur in healthcare settings. The purpose of this integrative review is to identify, analyze and appraise the best interventions for reducing violence by patients against healthcare workers in adult acute psychiatric hospitals. Additionally, findings from the review inform our recommendations designed to contribute to violence reduction in these settings. We explored the PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL and Cochrane Library databases and launched an integrative review using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model as a framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Fifteen records were included in this review using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Four themes were identified from the review as providing evidence-based interventions to reduce and mitigate violence against healthcare providers in acute psychiatric hospitals. These were staff attributes, patient characteristics, environmental factors, and staff-patient relationships. These factors interact in a dynamic and complex manner in optimizing the nurse-patient relationship to decrease violence by patients against healthcare workers in inpatient psychiatric settings. The implications of this review are that a multifactorial approach is needed in devising effective strategies to reduce violence in psychiatric settings. The strategies should involve all stakeholders including providers, administrators, and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakpa S Amara
- Division of Nursing, Allied Health, Life & Physical Sciences, University of District of Columbia Community College, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bryan R Hansen
- Center for Equity in Aging, Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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25
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Kost GJ, Eng M, Zadran A. Geospatial Point-of-Care Testing Strategies for COVID-19 Resilience in Resource-Poor Settings: Rural Cambodia Field Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e47416. [PMID: 39190459 PMCID: PMC11387922 DOI: 10.2196/47416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Point-of-care testing (POCT) generates intrinsically fast, inherently spatial, and immediately actionable results. Lessons learned in rural Cambodia and California create a framework for planning and mobilizing POCT with telehealth interventions. Timely diagnosis can help communities assess the spread of highly infectious diseases, mitigate outbreaks, and manage risks. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to identify the need for POCT in Cambodian border provinces during peak COVID-19 outbreaks and to quantify geospatial gaps in access to diagnostics during community lockdowns. METHODS Data sources comprised focus groups, interactive learners, webinar participants, online contacts, academic experts, public health experts, and officials who determined diagnostic needs and priorities in rural Cambodia during peak COVID-19 outbreaks. We analyzed geographic distances and transit times to testing in border provinces and assessed a high-risk province, Banteay Meanchey, where people crossed borders daily leading to disease spread. We strategized access to rapid antigen testing and molecular diagnostics in the aforementioned province and applied mobile-testing experience among the impacted population. RESULTS COVID-19 outbreaks were difficult to manage in rural and isolated areas where diagnostics were insufficient to meet needs. The median transit time from border provinces (n=17) to testing sites was 73 (range 1-494) minutes, and in the high-risk Banteay Meanchey Province (n=9 districts), this transit time was 90 (range 10-150) minutes. Within border provinces, maximum versus minimum distances and access times for testing differed significantly (P<.001). Pareto plots revealed geospatial gaps in access to testing for people who are not centrally located. At the time of epidemic peaks in Southeast Asia, mathematical analyses showed that only one available rapid antigen test met the World Health Organization requirement of sensitivity >80%. We observed that in rural Solano and Yolo counties, California, vending machines and public libraries dispensing free COVID-19 test kits 24-7 improved public access to diagnostics. Mobile-testing vans equipped with COVID-19 antigen, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and multiplex influenza A/B testing proved useful for differential diagnosis, public awareness, travel certifications, and telehealth treatment. CONCLUSIONS Rural diagnostic portals implemented in California demonstrated a feasible public health strategy for Cambodia. Automated dispensers and mobile POCT can respond to COVID-19 case surges and enhance preparedness. Point-of-need planning can enhance resilience and assure spatial justice. Public health assets should include higher-quality, lower-cost, readily accessible, and user-friendly POCT, such as self-testing for diagnosis, home molecular tests, distributed border detection for surveillance, and mobile diagnostics vans for quick telehealth treatment. High-risk settings will benefit from the synthesis of geospatially optimized POCT, automated 24-7 test access, and timely diagnosis of asymptomatic and symptomatic patients at points of need now, during new outbreaks, and in future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Joseph Kost
- Point-of-care Testing Center for Teaching and Research (POCT•CTR), School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Muyngim Eng
- University of Phutisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Amanullah Zadran
- Public Health Sciences, POCT•CTR, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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26
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Hsu RK, Brunet L, Lackey PC, Pierone G, Levis B, Fusco JS, Henegar C, Vannappagari V, Clark A, Fusco GP. Immunological and virological response to fostemsavir in routine US clinical care: An OPERA cohort study. HIV Med 2024. [PMID: 39183479 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fostemsavir is a novel attachment inhibitor used with other antiretrovirals in heavily treatment-experienced (HTE) adults with multidrug-resistant HIV-1. Real-world immunological and virological responses were assessed in individuals starting fostemsavir in the OPERA cohort. METHODS Among adults with HIV-1 starting fostemsavir between 2 July 2020 and 1 September 2022, 6-month and 12-month changes in CD4 T-cell count and CD4%, and maintenance/achievement of viral load (VL) <50 copies/mL were described and stratified by baseline VL (suppressed: <50 copies/mL; viraemic: ≥50 copies/mL) and CD4 count (high: ≥350 cells/μL; low: <350 cells/μL). RESULTS Of 182 individuals starting fostemsavir, 64% were viraemic (34% low CD4, 30% high CD4) and 36% were suppressed (16% low CD4, 20% high CD4). The suppressed/low CD4 group had the largest median increases in CD4 count (6-month: 30 cells/μL [interquartile range {IQR} 9-66], 12-month: 66 cells/μL [IQR 17-125]), and CD4% (6-month: 1.0% [IQR -0.3-2.8], 12-month: 1.9% [IQR 1.3-3.9]). Regardless of baseline VL, those with a high baseline CD4 count experienced a greater variability in immunological response than those with low CD4 counts (12-month standard deviation range 172-231 cells/μL vs. 69-90 cells/μL). VL <50 copies/mL was maintained in most suppressed individuals; nearly half of the viraemic/high CD4 group and a third of the viraemic/low CD4 group achieved a VL <50 copies/mL at either timepoint. CONCLUSIONS After 6 or 12 months of fostemsavir use, virological response was low in viraemic individuals, although most suppressed individuals did maintain suppression. While immunological response varied across individuals, virologically suppressed HTE individuals with low CD4 counts may benefit from immunological improvements with fostemsavir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricky K Hsu
- NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
- AIDS Healthcare Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Philip C Lackey
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Matboli M, Abdelbaky I, Khaled A, Khaled R, Hamady S, Farid LM, Abouelkhair MB, El-Attar NE, Farag Fathallah M, Abd El Hamid MS, Elmakromy GM, Ali M. Machine learning based identification potential feature genes for prediction of drug efficacy in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis animal model. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:266. [PMID: 39182075 PMCID: PMC11344433 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02231-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) results from complex liver conditions involving metabolic, inflammatory, and fibrogenic processes. Despite its burden, there has been a lack of any approved food-and-drug administration therapy up till now. PURPOSE Utilizing machine learning (ML) algorithms, the study aims to identify reliable potential genes to accurately predict the treatment response in the NASH animal model using biochemical and molecular markers retrieved using bioinformatics techniques. METHODS The NASH-induced rat models were administered various microbiome-targeted therapies and herbal drugs for 12 weeks, these drugs resulted in reducing hepatic lipid accumulation, liver inflammation, and histopathological changes. The ML model was trained and tested based on the Histopathological NASH score (HPS); while (0-4) HPS considered Improved NASH and (5-8) considered non-improved, confirmed through rats' liver histopathological examination, incorporates 34 features comprising 20 molecular markers (mRNAs-microRNAs-Long non-coding-RNAs) and 14 biochemical markers that are highly enriched in NASH pathogenesis. Six different ML models were used in the proposed model for the prediction of NASH improvement, with Gradient Boosting demonstrating the highest accuracy of 98% in predicting NASH drug response. FINDINGS Following a gradual reduction in features, the outcomes demonstrated superior performance when employing the Random Forest classifier, yielding an accuracy of 98.4%. The principal selected molecular features included YAP1, LATS1, NF2, SRD5A3-AS1, FOXA2, TEAD2, miR-650, MMP14, ITGB1, and miR-6881-5P, while the biochemical markers comprised triglycerides (TG), ALT, ALP, total bilirubin (T. Bilirubin), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). CONCLUSION This study introduced an ML model incorporating 16 noninvasive features, including molecular and biochemical signatures, which achieved high performance and accuracy in detecting NASH improvement. This model could potentially be used as diagnostic tools and to identify target therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Matboli
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim Abdelbaky
- Artificial Intelligence Department, Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Benha University, Benha City, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman Khaled
- Bioinformatics Group, Center of Informatics Sciences (CIS), School of Information Technology and Computer Sciences, Nile University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Radwa Khaled
- Biotechnology/Biomolecular Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Basic Sciences Department, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Laila M Farid
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Noha E El-Attar
- Information System Department, Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Benha University, Benha City, Egypt
- Faculty of Artificial Intelligence, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, 35712, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Farag Fathallah
- Medical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal S Abd El Hamid
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gena M Elmakromy
- Endocrinology & Diabetes Mellitus Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Egypt
| | - Marwa Ali
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Huang S, Liu M, Zhang H, Song W, Guo W, Feng Y, Ma X, Shi X, Liu J, Liu L, Qi T, Wang Z, Yan B, Shen Y. HIV-MTB Co-Infection Reduces CD4+ T Cells and Affects Granuloma Integrity. Viruses 2024; 16:1335. [PMID: 39205309 PMCID: PMC11360352 DOI: 10.3390/v16081335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Granuloma is a crucial pathological feature of tuberculosis (TB). The relationship between CD4+ T cells in both peripheral blood and granulomatous tissue, and the integrity of granulomas in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-MTB co-infection, remains unexplored. This study collected biopsy specimens from 102 TB patients (53 with HIV-MTB co-infection and 49 only with TB). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed, followed by microscopic examination of the integrity of tuberculous granulomas. Through statistical analysis of peripheral blood CD4+ T cell counts, tissue CD4+ T cell proportion, and the integrity of granulomas, it was observed that HIV infection leads to poor formation of tuberculous granulomas. Peripheral blood CD4+ T cell counts were positively correlated with granuloma integrity, and there was a similar positive correlation between tissue CD4+ T cell proportions and granuloma integrity. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between peripheral blood CD4+ T cell counts and the proportion of CD4+ T cells in granuloma tissues. Therefore, HIV infection could impact the morphology and structure of tuberculous granulomas, with a reduced proportion of both peripheral blood and tissue CD4+ T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyue Huang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (S.H.); (W.S.)
| | - Maoying Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Song
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (S.H.); (W.S.)
| | - Wenjuan Guo
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (S.H.); (W.S.)
| | - Yanling Feng
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (S.H.); (W.S.)
| | - Xin Ma
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (S.H.); (W.S.)
| | - Xia Shi
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (S.H.); (W.S.)
| | - Jianjian Liu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (S.H.); (W.S.)
| | - Li Liu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (S.H.); (W.S.)
| | - Tangkai Qi
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (S.H.); (W.S.)
| | - Zhenyan Wang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (S.H.); (W.S.)
| | - Bo Yan
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (S.H.); (W.S.)
| | - Yinzhong Shen
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; (S.H.); (W.S.)
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29
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Wearne N, Davidson B. HIV-associated kidney disease: the changing spectrum and treatment priorities. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2024:00041552-990000000-00182. [PMID: 39155827 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000001018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review examines the impact of HIV on kidney disease, which remains significant despite advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART). The review is timely due to the shifting epidemiology of kidney disease in people with HIV (PWH), driven by increased ART access, noncommunicable diseases, and region-specific opportunistic infections like tuberculosis. RECENT FINDINGS The literature highlights a decline in HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) and a rise in tubulointerstitial diseases and noncommunicable diseases among PWH. Studies from the United States and South Africa report decreased HIVAN prevalence and increased rates of tubulointerstitial diseases linked to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) toxicity and tuberculosis (TB). Immune complex glomerulonephritis (ICGN) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are also prevalent. SUMMARY The findings underscore the need for improved diagnostic tools for opportunistic infections, management of ART-related complications, and strategies to address noncommunicable diseases in PWH. There is a need to centralize care to address all health needs simultaneously. Future research should focus on APOL1-targeted therapies and the role of SGLT2 inhibitors in CKD. Enhanced transplantation outcomes and the development of guidelines for managing DKD in PWH are critical for advancing clinical practice and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Wearne
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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Sato-Espinoza K, Berrospi D, Diaz-Ferrer J. Case report: liver failure as a debut of autoimmune hepatitis triggered by dengue virus in a pregnant woman. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica 2024; 41:209-213. [PMID: 39166644 PMCID: PMC11300697 DOI: 10.17843/rpmesp.2024.412.13485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a complex condition with unclear origins, involving genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers that lead to immune system dysfunction. We report a case of a pregnant woman from a mosquito-borne disease-endemic area who presented jaundice, abdominal pain, and pruritus, complicated by acute liver failure. Immunological markers showed AIH triggered by dengue virus infection, which was confirmed by a positive IgM test. Treatment with supportive care followed by steroids and azathioprine resulted in favorable outcomes, averting the need for a liver transplant. Although AIH can be triggered by viruses, the role of dengue in its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Regular clinical monitoring is vital for managing AIH, particularly during pregnancy, due to variable immune status and treatment responses. Further research is necessary to understand the link between dengue infection and AIH. Individualized treatment strategies are crucial, especially during pregnancy, in order to ensure favorable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Sato-Espinoza
- Escuela de Medicina. Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Lima, Peru.Universidad Peruana de Ciencias AplicadasEscuela de MedicinaUniversidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC)LimaPeru
| | - Diego Berrospi
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Lima, Peru.Universidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH)LimaPeru
| | - Javier Diaz-Ferrer
- Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru.Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati MartinsLimaPeru
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad San Martín de Porres, Lima, Peru.Universidad de San Martín de PorresFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad San Martín de PorresLimaPeru
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Oguni K, Fukushima S, Hagiya H, Kato A, Suyama A, Iwata T, Miyawaki Y, Ono S, Iio K, Otsuka F. Cryptococcal prostatitis in an immunocompromised patient with tocilizumab and glucocorticoid therapy: A case report. J Infect Chemother 2024:S1341-321X(24)00220-4. [PMID: 39152054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Cryptococcus prostatitis is an uncommon manifestation of cryptococcal infection that occurs mostly in immunocompromised patients. Tocilizumab, an anti-interleukin-6 receptor monoclonal antibody, has been associated with an increased risk of cryptococcal infections. However, there have been no documented cases of cryptococcal prostatitis in patients receiving tocilizumab therapy. We report a case of cryptococcal prostatitis in a 72-year-old man treated with glucocorticoids and tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis and granulomatosis with polyangiitis. The patient presented dysuria and his serum level of prostate-specific antigen was elevated. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a prostate mass, and a prostate biopsy was performed, leading to a pathologic diagnosis of cryptococcal prostatitis. Fungal cultures for blood and urine were negative, while the cryptococcal antigen for both serum and urine showed positive results. There were no particular findings in the pulmonary and central nervous systems. The patient was successfully treated with oral fluconazole (400 mg/day) and was discharged. Although cryptococcal prostatitis is a rare entity, clinicians should note that an immunosuppressed patient may develop such a difficult-to-diagnose disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Oguni
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Fukushima
- Department of Bacteriology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideharu Hagiya
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsuhito Suyama
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takehiro Iwata
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshia Miyawaki
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Sawako Ono
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Koji Iio
- Microbiology Division, Clinical Laboratory, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Fumio Otsuka
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Mak LY, Liu K, Chirapongsathorn S, Yew KC, Tamaki N, Rajaram RB, Panlilio MT, Lui R, Lee HW, Lai JCT, Kulkarni AV, Premkumar M, Lesmana CRA, Hsu YC, Huang DQ. Liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma in the Asia-Pacific region: burden, trends, challenges and future directions. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:10.1038/s41575-024-00967-4. [PMID: 39147893 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00967-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Globally, nearly half of deaths from cirrhosis and chronic liver diseases (CLD) and three-quarters of deaths from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occur in the Asia-Pacific region. Chronic hepatitis B is responsible for the vast majority of liver-related deaths in the region. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common form of CLD, affecting an estimated 30% of the adult population. Compared with people of European descent, people from the Asia-Pacific region carry more genetic variants associated with MASLD and its progression. Alcohol is a fast-growing cause of CLD and HCC in Asia as a result of the rising per-capita consumption of alcohol. Drug-induced liver injury is under-recognized and probably has a high prevalence in this region. The epidemiological and outcome data of acute-on-chronic liver failure are heterogeneous, and non-unified definitions across regions contribute to this heterogeneity. CLDs are severely underdiagnosed, and effective treatments and vaccinations are underutilized. In this Review, we highlight trends in the burden of CLD and HCC in the Asia-Pacific region and discuss the rapidly changing aetiologies of liver disease. We examine the multiple gaps in the care cascade and propose mitigating strategies and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lung-Yi Mak
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ken Liu
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rashid Lui
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Anand V Kulkarni
- Department of Hepatology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Madhumita Premkumar
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Yao Chun Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Daniel Q Huang
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
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Yesildag AY, Turan Kurtaran A, Sevim F. Assessing workplace well-being in healthcare: The violence-prevention climate and its relationship with workplace happiness. Int Nurs Rev 2024. [PMID: 39140147 DOI: 10.1111/inr.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
AIM To identify the relationship between the violence-prevention climate and workplace happiness in hospitals. The secondary objective is to adapt a valid and reliable scale to a different culture in healthcare settings. BACKGROUND Healthcare settings are not immune to the harmful effects of violence, which can exacerbate existing challenges such as staff shortages. In the midst of these challenges, organizational efforts to ensure the safety of health workers are critical. These efforts can contribute positively to workers' happiness or well-being. METHOD Using a cross-sectional design with 400 healthcare professionals from five hospitals in Trabzon, Turkey, data collection involved the Violence-Prevention Climate Scale and Workplace Happiness Scale. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test the Turkish validity and reliability of the scale, and the consistency coefficient was calculated. RESULTS The findings revealed that, on average, employees exhibited high levels of violence-prevention climate (x ¯ ${{\bar{\rm x}}}$ = 4.22) and moderate levels of workplace happiness (x ¯ ${{\bar{\rm x}}}$ = 3.70). Subsequently, correlation analysis unveiled a statistically significant association between the dimensions of violence-prevention climate and workplace happiness (p < 0.05, r = 0.392). It was observed that those who experienced violence and did not feel safe in the workplace had lower levels of happiness. DISCUSSION The instances of healthcare workers being exposed to violence identified in the study largely align with previous theories related to both individual and organizational effects. CONCLUSION Violence-prevention climate affects the safety and workplace happiness of workers. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND/OR HEALTH POLICY Employees expect their managers to seriously consider all reports of violence. In this context, creating a violence-prevention climate would be a good start. According to WHO 2030 targets, in an environment where there is a significant shortage of healthcare personnel, especially nurses, ensuring that existing employees work in a safer and happier environment will make a positive contribution to healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Y Yesildag
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Health Management Department, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
- Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayten Turan Kurtaran
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Health Management Department, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ferit Sevim
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Health Management Department, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
- Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Xiao Y, Du N, Chen TT, Cheng HF. High time to stop workplace violence against health professionals in the context of COVID-19. Fam Pract 2024; 41:393-394. [PMID: 36271839 PMCID: PMC9620320 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmac120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- Psychosomatic Medical Center, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Psychosomatic Medical Center, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Na Du
- Psychosomatic Medical Center, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting-ting Chen
- Nursing School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao-fei Cheng
- Psychosomatic Medical Center, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
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Tanaka A, Harada K. Acute presentation of autoimmune hepatitis -from acute hepatitis to ALF and ACLF. Hepatol Int 2024:10.1007/s12072-024-10714-1. [PMID: 39127981 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-024-10714-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Acute presentation of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) occurs in 22-43% of all AIH cases, and is not a rare condition. Rather than constituting a single disease entity, it represents a clinical spectrum characterized by considerable variability in severity and the presence of preexisting chronic AIH. This spectrum ranges from acute AIH and acute severe AIH to AIH presenting as acute liver failure (ALF) or as acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), contingent upon factors such as coagulopathy, hepatic encephalopathy, and underlying liver disease. Diagnosing acute presentation of AIH can be particularly challenging due to the frequent absence of classical serologic signatures such as autoantibodies and elevated IgG levels. Histopathological examination remains essential for diagnosis, typically necessitating percutaneous or transjugular liver biopsy. Corticosteroids (CS) are recommended for the management of acute AIH and acute severe AIH with coagulopathy. However, the therapeutic response to CS should be meticulously monitored. If a poor response is anticipated, liver transplantation (LT) should be promptly considered. For AIH presenting as ALF with encephalopathy or ACLF with advanced underlying liver disease, LT is generally advised. Nonetheless, there is potential for a trial of CS therapy in cases of ALF with low MELD scores or ACLF without encephalopathy. This review provides an overview of the latest findings concerning the definition, diagnosis, and management of acute presentation of AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1, Kaga, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
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Sun T, Liu J, Yuan H, Li X, Yan H. Construction of a risk prediction model for lung infection after chemotherapy in lung cancer patients based on the machine learning algorithm. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1403392. [PMID: 39184040 PMCID: PMC11341396 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1403392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this study was to create and validate a machine learning (ML)-based model for predicting the likelihood of lung infections following chemotherapy in patients with lung cancer. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on a cohort of 502 lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Data on age, Body Mass Index (BMI), underlying disease, chemotherapy cycle, number of hospitalizations, and various blood test results were collected from medical records. We used the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) to handle unbalanced data. Feature screening was performed using the Boruta algorithm and The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO). Subsequently, six ML algorithms, namely Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB), Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) were employed to train and develop an ML model using a 10-fold cross-validation methodology. The model's performance was evaluated through various metrics, including the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, calibration curve, decision curves, clinical impact curve, and confusion matrix. In addition, model interpretation was performed by the Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) analysis to clarify the importance of each feature of the model and its decision basis. Finally, we constructed nomograms to make the predictive model results more readable. Results The integration of Boruta and LASSO methodologies identified Gender, Smoke, Drink, Chemotherapy cycles, pleural effusion (PE), Neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLR), Neutrophil-monocyte count ratio (NMR), Lymphocytes (LYM) and Neutrophil (NEUT) as significant predictors. The LR model demonstrated superior performance compared to alternative ML algorithms, achieving an accuracy of 81.80%, a sensitivity of 81.1%, a specificity of 82.5%, an F1 score of 81.6%, and an AUC of 0.888(95%CI(0.863-0.911)). Furthermore, the SHAP method identified Chemotherapy cycles and Smoke as the primary decision factors influencing the ML model's predictions. Finally, this study successfully constructed interactive nomograms and dynamic nomograms. Conclusion The ML algorithm, combining demographic and clinical factors, accurately predicted post-chemotherapy lung infections in cancer patients. The LR model performed well, potentially improving early detection and treatment in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Sun
- Department of Hematology and Oncology Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Houqin Yuan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
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Bohórquez JA, Jagannath C, Xu H, Wang X, Yi G. T Cell Responses during Human Immunodeficiency Virus/ Mycobacterium tuberculosis Coinfection. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:901. [PMID: 39204027 PMCID: PMC11358969 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12080901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Coinfection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a significant public health concern. Individuals infected with Mtb who acquire HIV are approximately 16 times more likely to develop active tuberculosis. T cells play an important role as both targets for HIV infection and mediators of the immune response against both pathogens. This review aims to synthesize the current literature and provide insights into the effects of HIV/Mtb coinfection on T cell populations and their contributions to immunity. Evidence from multiple in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrates that T helper responses are severely compromised during coinfection, leading to impaired cytotoxic responses. Moreover, HIV's targeting of Mtb-specific cells, including those within granulomas, offers an explanation for the severe progression of the disease. Herein, we discuss the patterns of differentiation, exhaustion, and transcriptomic changes in T cells during coinfection, as well as the metabolic adaptations that are necessary for T cell maintenance and functionality. This review highlights the interconnectedness of the immune response and the pathogenesis of HIV/Mtb coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Alejandro Bohórquez
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA;
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
| | - Chinnaswamy Jagannath
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Center for Infectious Diseases and Translational Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Huanbin Xu
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70112, USA; (H.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70112, USA; (H.X.); (X.W.)
| | - Guohua Yi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA;
- Center for Biomedical Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas at Tyler School of Medicine, Tyler, TX 75708, USA
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Gu S, Maurya S, Lona A, Borrega-Roman L, Salanga C, Gonzalez DJ, Kufareva I, Handel TM. Ligand-Dependent Mechanisms of CC Chemokine Receptor 5 (CCR5) Trafficking Revealed by APEX2 Proximity Labeling Proteomics. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.01.565224. [PMID: 37961097 PMCID: PMC10635066 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.01.565224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) promotes inflammatory responses by driving cell migration and scavenging chemokine to shape directional chemokine gradients. A CCR5 inhibitor has been approved for blocking HIV entry into cells. However, targeting CCR5 for the treatment of other diseases has had limited success, likely because of the complexity of CCR5 pharmacology and biology. CCR5 is activated by natural and engineered chemokines that elicit distinct signaling and trafficking responses, including receptor sequestration inside the cell. Intracellular sequestration may be therapeutically exploitable as a strategy for receptor inhibition, but the mechanisms by which different ligands promote receptor retention in the cell versus presence on the cell membrane are poorly understood. We employed live cell ascorbic acid peroxidase (APEX2) proximity labeling and quantitative mass spectrometry proteomics for unbiased discovery of temporally resolved protein neighborhoods of CCR5 following stimulation with its endogenous agonist, CCL5, and two CCL5 variants that promote intracellular retention of the receptor. Along with targeted pharmacological assays, the data reveal distinct ligand-dependent CCR5 trafficking patterns with temporal and spatial resolution. All three chemokines internalize CCR5 via β-arrestin-dependent, clathrin-mediated endocytosis but to different extents, with different kinetics and varying dependencies on GPCR kinase subtypes. The agonists differ in their ability to target the receptor to lysosomes for degradation, as well as to the Golgi compartment and the trans-Golgi network, and these trafficking patterns translate into distinct levels of ligand scavenging. The results provide insight into the cellular mechanisms behind CCR5 intracellular sequestration and suggest how trafficking can be exploited for the development of functional antagonists of CCR5. Significance Statement CCR5 plays a crucial role in the immune system and is important in numerous physiological and pathological processes such as inflammation, cancer and transmission of HIV. It responds to different ligands with distinct signaling and trafficking behaviors; notably some ligands induce retention of the receptor inside the cell. Using time-resolved proximity labeling proteomics and targeted pharmacological experiments, this study reveals the cellular basis for receptor sequestration that can be exploited as a therapeutic strategy for inhibiting CCR5 function.
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Zhang D, Wang Q, Bai F. Bidirectional relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: insights from a comprehensive meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1410543. [PMID: 39161913 PMCID: PMC11332609 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1410543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represent significant concerns in global health. However, the precise relationship between H. pylori and NAFLD remains a subject of ongoing debate. This study endeavors to elucidate the association between H. pylori infection and the susceptibility to NAFLD. Furthermore, we aim to investigate the interplay among H. pylori infection, NAFLD, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods We conducted an extensive search of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases spanning from inception to January 2024. Our examination focused on rigorous studies investigating the correlation between H. pylori infection and NAFLD. Utilizing a random-effects model, we computed the pooled odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Additionally, we assessed statistical heterogeneity, performed sensitivity analyses, and scrutinized the potential for publication bias. Results Thirty-four studies involving 175,575 individuals were included in our meta-analysis. Among these, 14 studies (involving 94,950 patients) demonstrated a higher incidence of NAFLD in H. pylori infection-positive individuals compared to H. pylori infection-negative individuals [RR = 1.17, 95% CI (1.10, 1.24), Z = 4.897, P < 0.001]. Seventeen studies (involving 74,928 patients) indicated a higher positive rate of H. pylori infection in patients with NAFLD compared to those without NAFLD [RR = 1.13, 95% CI (1.02, 1.24), Z = 2.395, P = 0.017]. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings, and funnel plot analysis revealed no significant publication bias. Furthermore, we observed associations between H. pylori infection or NAFLD and various metabolic factors, including body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, lipids, liver function, and kidney function. Conclusion Our meta-analysis presents evidence supporting a reciprocal relationship between H. pylori infection and the susceptibility to NAFLD. Nevertheless, additional investigations are warranted to bolster this correlation and unravel the underlying mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daya Zhang
- Graduate School, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Graduate School, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Feihu Bai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- The Gastroenterology Clinical Medical Center of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
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Iqbal J, Shafique MA, Mustafa MS, Covell MM, Fatima A, Saboor HA, Nadeem A, Iqbal A, Iqbal MF, Rangwala BS, Hafeez MH, Bowers CA. Neurosurgical Malpractice Litigation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World Neurosurg 2024; 188:55-67. [PMID: 38685351 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.04.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurosurgery has 1 of the highest risks for medical malpractice claims. We reviewed the factors associated with neurosurgical malpractice claims and litigation in the United States and reported the outcomes through a systematic review of the literature. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the literature according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines using the Medline, Embase, Cochrane, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. We sought to identify pertinent studies containing information about medical malpractice claims and outcomes involving neurosurgeons in the United States. RESULTS We identified 15 retrospective studies spanning from 2002 to 2023 that reviewed over 7890 malpractice claims involving practicing neurosurgeons in the United States. Disparities were evident in neurosurgical litigation, with 474 cases linked to brain-related surgeries and a larger proportion, 1926 cases, tied to spine surgeries. The most commonly filed claims were intraprocedural errors (37.4%), delayed diagnoses (32.1%), and failure to treat (28.8%). Less frequently filed claims included misdiagnosis or choice of incorrect procedure (18.4%), occurrence of death (17.3%), test misinterpretation (14.4%), failure to appropriately refer patients for evaluation/treatment (14.3%), unnecessary surgical procedures (13.3%), and lack of informed consent (8.3%). The defendant was favored in 44.3% of claims, while in 31.3% of lawsuits were dropped, 17.7% of verdicts favored the plaintiff, and 16.6% reached an out of court settlement. Only 3.5% of lawsuits found both parties liable. CONCLUSION Neurosurgery is a high-risk specialty with 1 of the highest rates of malpractice claims. Spine claims had a significantly higher rate of filed malpractice claims, while cranial malpractice claims were associated with higher litigation compensation. Predictably, spinal cord injuries play a crucial role in predicting litigation. Importantly, nonsurgical treatments are also a common source of liability in neurosurgical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Iqbal
- Department of Neurosurgery, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | | | | | - Michael M Covell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine Washington, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Afia Fatima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Abdus Saboor
- Department of Neurosurgery, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Nadeem
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ather Iqbal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - Christian A Bowers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bowers Neurosurgical Frailty and Outcomes Data Science Lab, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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Zhang H, Targher G, Byrne CD, Kim SU, Wong VWS, Valenti L, Glickman M, Ponce J, Mantzoros CS, Crespo J, Gronbaek H, Yang W, Eslam M, Wong RJ, Machado MV, Yu ML, Ghanem OM, Okanoue T, Liu JF, Lee YH, Xu XY, Pan Q, Sui M, Lonardo A, Yilmaz Y, Zhu LY, Moreno C, Miele L, Lupsor-Platon M, Zhao L, LaMasters TL, Gish RG, Zhang H, Nedelcu M, Chan WK, Xia MF, Bril F, Shi JP, Datz C, Romeo S, Sun J, Liu D, Sookoian S, Mao YM, Méndez-Sánchez N, Wang XY, Pyrsopoulos NT, Fan JG, Fouad Y, Sun DQ, Giannini C, Chai J, Xia ZF, Jun DW, Li GJ, Treeprasertsuk S, Li YX, Cheung TT, Zhang F, Goh GBB, Furuhashi M, Seto WK, Huang H, Di Sessa A, Li QH, Cholongitas E, Zhang L, Silveira TR, Sebastiani G, Adams LA, Chen W, Qi X, Rankovic I, De Ledinghen V, Lv WJ, Hamaguchi M, Kassir R, Müller-Wieland D, Romero-Gomez M, Xu Y, Xu YC, Chen SY, Kermansaravi M, Kuchay MS, Lefere S, Parmar C, Lip GYH, Liu CJ, Åberg F, Lau G, George J, Sarin SK, Zhou JY, Zheng MH. A global survey on the use of the international classification of diseases codes for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. Hepatol Int 2024; 18:1178-1201. [PMID: 38878111 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-024-10702-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the implementation of the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) and the publication of the metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) nomenclature in 2020, it is important to establish consensus for the coding of MAFLD in ICD-11. This will inform subsequent revisions of ICD-11. METHODS Using the Qualtrics XM and WJX platforms, questionnaires were sent online to MAFLD-ICD-11 coding collaborators, authors of papers, and relevant association members. RESULTS A total of 890 international experts in various fields from 61 countries responded to the survey. We also achieved full coverage of provincial-level administrative regions in China. 77.1% of respondents agreed that MAFLD should be represented in ICD-11 by updating NAFLD, with no significant regional differences (77.3% in Asia and 76.6% in non-Asia, p = 0.819). Over 80% of respondents agreed or somewhat agreed with the need to assign specific codes for progressive stages of MAFLD (i.e. steatohepatitis) (92.2%), MAFLD combined with comorbidities (84.1%), or MAFLD subtypes (i.e., lean, overweight/obese, and diabetic) (86.1%). CONCLUSIONS This global survey by a collaborative panel of clinical, coding, health management and policy experts, indicates agreement that MAFLD should be coded in ICD-11. The data serves as a foundation for corresponding adjustments in the ICD-11 revision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai Zhang
- Department of Medical Record, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Giovanni Targher
- Metabolic Diseases Research Unit, IRCCS Sacro Cuore - Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar di Valpolicella, Italy
| | - Christopher D Byrne
- Southampton National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton and University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Seung Up Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Vincent Wai-Sun Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Luca Valenti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Precision Medicine, Biological Resource Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Myer Glickman
- Health Analysis and Pandemic Insight Division, Office for National Statistics, London, UK
| | - Jaime Ponce
- Department Bariatric Surgery, CHI Memorial Hospital, Chattanooga, TN, USA
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Boston VA Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Javier Crespo
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Clinical and Traslational Research in Digestive Diseases, Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Santander, Spain
| | - Henning Gronbaek
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Wah Yang
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mohammed Eslam
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert J Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, USA
| | | | - Ming-Lung Yu
- School of Medicine and Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Center of Hepatitis Research, College of Medicine and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Omar M Ghanem
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Takeshi Okanoue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Jun-Feng Liu
- Department of Medical Records, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xiao-Yuan Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuwei Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Meili Sui
- Department of Medical Records Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Amedeo Lonardo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena (-2023), Modena, Italy
| | - Yusuf Yilmaz
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Li-Yong Zhu
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Christophe Moreno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and Digestive Oncology, C.U.B. Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luca Miele
- Department of Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Lupsor-Platon
- Medical Imaging Department, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology "Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | | | - Robert G Gish
- Medical Director, Hepatitis B Foundation, Doylestown, PA, USA
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Marius Nedelcu
- Department of Bariatric Surgery, ELSAN, Clinique Bouchard, Marseille, France
| | - Wah Kheong Chan
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ming-Feng Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fernando Bril
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jun-Ping Shi
- Department of Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Christian Datz
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Oberndorf, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Stefano Romeo
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Cardiology Department, Sahlgrenska Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Medical Record Statistics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Silvia Sookoian
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Faculty of Health Science, Maimónides University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, Translational Health Research Center (CENITRES), Maimónides University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Yi-Min Mao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Shanghai Research Center of Fatty Liver Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Nahum Méndez-Sánchez
- Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- Child Healthcare Center and Child Nutrition Center, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jian-Gao Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yasser Fouad
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endemic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University Hospitals, Minya, Egypt
| | - Dan-Qin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China
- Department of Nephrology, Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Cosimo Giannini
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Jin Chai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ze-Feng Xia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Guo-Jing Li
- Department of Medical Record, West China Hospital Affiliated to Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Ying-Xu Li
- Department of Bariatric Metabolic Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Qujing, Qujing, China
| | - Tan To Cheung
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital and the University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Faming Zhang
- Department of Microbiota Medicine and Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - George Boon-Bee Goh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Wai-Kay Seto
- Department of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anna Di Sessa
- Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Qing-Hong Li
- Department of Medical Record, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Evangelos Cholongitas
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, General Hospital of Athens "Laiko", Athens, Greece
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Paediatrics, the Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Themis Reverbel Silveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Pediatria, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Giada Sebastiani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Leon A Adams
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Health Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Qi
- Center of Portal Hypertension, Department of Radiology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ivan Rankovic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Exeter, Exeter, England, UK
| | - Victor De Ledinghen
- Hepatology Unit, University Hospital, CHU Bordeaux, Pessac, and INSERM 1312, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Wen-Jie Lv
- Department of Medical Record, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Masahide Hamaguchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Radwan Kassir
- Department of Bariatric Surgery, The View Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Manuel Romero-Gomez
- UCM Digestive Diseases, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (HUVR/CSIC/US), University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Medical Record, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi-Cong Xu
- Department of Medical Record, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Yao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mohammad Kermansaravi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Minimally Invasive and Bariatric Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shafi Kuchay
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medanta the Medicity Hospital, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Sander Lefere
- Hepatology Research Unit, Department Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chetan Parmar
- Department of General Surgery, Whittington Hospital, London, UK
- University College London, London, UK
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Danish Center for Health Services Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Chun-Jen Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, China
| | - Fredrik Åberg
- Transplantation and Liver Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - George Lau
- Humanity and Health Clinical Trial Center, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shiv Kumar Sarin
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplant, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jing-Ya Zhou
- Department of Medical Records, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
- Collaborating Center for the WHO Family of International Classifications, Beijing, China.
- National Center for Quality Control of Medical Records, Beijing, China.
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- MAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Sallam M. Bibliometric top ten healthcare-related ChatGPT publications in the first ChatGPT anniversary. NARRA J 2024; 4:e917. [PMID: 39280327 PMCID: PMC11391998 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i2.917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Since its public release on November 30, 2022, ChatGPT has shown promising potential in diverse healthcare applications despite ethical challenges, privacy issues, and possible biases. The aim of this study was to identify and assess the most influential publications in the field of ChatGPT utility in healthcare using bibliometric analysis. The study employed an advanced search on three databases, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, to identify ChatGPT-related records in healthcare education, research, and practice between November 27 and 30, 2023. The ranking was based on the retrieved citation count in each database. The additional alternative metrics that were evaluated included (1) Semantic Scholar highly influential citations, (2) PlumX captures, (3) PlumX mentions, (4) PlumX social media and (5) Altmetric Attention Scores (AASs). A total of 22 unique records published in 17 different scientific journals from 14 different publishers were identified in the three databases. Only two publications were in the top 10 list across the three databases. Variable publication types were identified, with the most common being editorial/commentary publications (n=8/22, 36.4%). Nine of the 22 records had corresponding authors affiliated with institutions in the United States (40.9%). The range of citation count varied per database, with the highest range identified in Google Scholar (1019-121), followed by Scopus (242-88), and Web of Science (171-23). Google Scholar citations were correlated significantly with the following metrics: Semantic Scholar highly influential citations (Spearman's correlation coefficient ρ=0.840, p<0.001), PlumX captures (ρ=0.831, p<0.001), PlumX mentions (ρ=0.609, p=0.004), and AASs (ρ=0.542, p=0.009). In conclusion, despite several acknowledged limitations, this study showed the evolving landscape of ChatGPT utility in healthcare. There is an urgent need for collaborative initiatives by all stakeholders involved to establish guidelines for ethical, transparent, and responsible use of ChatGPT in healthcare. The study revealed the correlation between citations and alternative metrics, highlighting its usefulness as a supplement to gauge the impact of publications, even in a rapidly growing research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Sallam
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Oppong B, Amponsah GM, Gyabaah S, Nicholas MK, Boateng S, Ameyaw PA, Asamoah DO, Nkum BC. Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Findings and Their Clinical Correlates in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis in Northern Ghana. Cureus 2024; 16:e67725. [PMID: 39318930 PMCID: PMC11421874 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.67725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and study aim Liver cirrhosis causes portal hypertension that leads to dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract, which may result in complications including upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding. This study sought to determine the prevalence and the clinical correlates of these UGI abnormalities in patients with liver cirrhosis receiving care at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana. Patients and methods One hundred and forty-five participants with liver cirrhosis were consecutively sampled and clinically evaluated for symptoms and signs of liver cirrhosis and then underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Results The mean age of the respondents was 46.50 ± 12.14 years, with the majority being males (106, 73.10%) and in Child-Pugh class C (111, 76.55%). Fatigue (128, 88.28%) and ascites (127, 87.59%) were the most common symptoms and signs, respectively. Fatigue, itch, and ascites were significantly correlated with the severity of liver cirrhosis, with an adjusted odd ratio (AOR) (confidence interval (CI)) of 3.56 (1.11-11.47), p-value of 0.03, 4.35 (1.34-14.18), p-value of 0.02 and 22.50 (4.88-103.77), p-value < 0.01, respectively. Esophageal varices were the most common UGI endoscopic findings, occurring in 102 (70.34%) patients, and correlated with the severity of liver cirrhosis, AOR (CI) of 5.19 (1.70-15.87), p-value of 0.01. Other common findings included gastritis in 71 (48.97%), portal hypertensive gastropathy in 67 (46.2%), duodenitis in 49 (33.79%), and peptic ulcer in 46 (31.72%). Conclusions Fatigue, ascites, and esophageal varices were the most common symptoms, signs, and EGD findings, respectively. Fatigue, itch, ascites, esophageal varices, duodenitis, and gastric antral vascular ectasia correlate with the severity of liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bright Oppong
- Internal Medicine/Gastroenterolgy, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, GHA
- Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, GHA
| | - Gordon M Amponsah
- Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, GHA
- Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, GHA
| | - Solomon Gyabaah
- Internal Medicine, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, GHA
| | | | - Sarpong Boateng
- Internal Medicine, Bridgeport Hospital/Yale New Haven Health, Bridgeport, USA
| | - Prince A Ameyaw
- Internal Medicine, Bridgeport Hospital/Yale New Haven Health, Bridgeport, USA
| | | | - Bernard C Nkum
- Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, GHA
- Medicine, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, GHA
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Hofmann-Preiß K. [Occupational interstitial lung diseases]. RADIOLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 64:636-642. [PMID: 39012478 PMCID: PMC11286622 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-024-01342-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
A variety of workplace exposures (organic or inorganic dusts as well as gases, fumes, or vapors) can cause diffuse interstitial lung disease. The latency period until onset of the disease can exceed 30 years. The disease course varies greatly and depends on the quantity of the inhaled substance and its fibrogenic effect. Pulmonary high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) patterns do not differ significantly from those of interstitial lung diseases (ILD) of other etiologies. Therefore, without knowledge of the occupational history, work-related ILDs are often classified as idiopathic. In addition, there is increasing evidence in the recent literature that high exposure to silica dust can trigger autoimmune diseases (also involving the lungs). For this reason, a qualified occupational history is now an indispensable part of the interdisciplinary diagnosis of ILDs.
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Dirgahayu P, Ilyas MF, Rahma AA, Hanifa SN, Wijayanto MA, Triniputri WY, Lukas GA, Wiyono N, Sari Y, Mashuri YA. Recent update on cerebral sparganosis: A bibliometric analysis and scientific mapping. NARRA J 2024; 4:e982. [PMID: 39280299 PMCID: PMC11394178 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i2.982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Human sparganosis, a parasitic infection prevalent in Asia, can progress to cerebral sparganosis, a severe condition with significant neurological symptoms. Diagnosis and treatment are challenging due to its clinical similarity to other infections, highlighting the need for improved detection and management strategies. The aim of this study was to observe research trends, key contributors, gaps in the existing knowledge, diagnosis challenges, effective treatment options, and prevention strategies, providing recommendations for future research directions and clinical practice improvements on cerebral sparganosis. A bibliometric analysis was conducted by extracting 139 documents from the Scopus database in June 2024. The retrieved data were analyzed using the R package's Bibliometrix (Biblioshiny) and VOSviewer. Spanning 97 different sources, the research exhibited an annual growth rate of 2.5%. Annual scientific production revealed fluctuating research activity with peaks in 2010 and 2011 and notable citation peaks in 1996 and 2005, indicating pivotal studies that significantly influenced subsequent research. Early studies focused on diagnosis and specific parasites, while recent studies (2010-2024) have increasingly addressed clinical outcomes, treatment strategies, and advanced diagnostic techniques. Trends revealed a shift towards clinical and diagnostic advancements, with recent emphasis on diagnostic imaging, immunoassays, and the relationship between cerebral sparganosis and brain tumors. In conclusion, the studies on cerebral sparganosis underscore the potential for enhancing clinical practice by improving diagnostic accuracy, informing treatment decisions, and implementing targeted screening efforts based on epidemiology and risk factors. Recommendation to further study needs to notify the cerebral sparganosis in high-risk countries with similar socioeconomic and cultural characteristics to endemic regions, including Indonesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramasari Dirgahayu
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
- Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Muhana F Ilyas
- Medical Profession Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Annisa A Rahma
- Medical Profession Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Shafira N Hanifa
- Medical Profession Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Matthew A Wijayanto
- Medical Profession Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Winastari Y Triniputri
- Medical Profession Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Graciella A Lukas
- Medical Profession Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nanang Wiyono
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yulia Sari
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yusuf A Mashuri
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
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Reasoner KC, Fiske CT, Yu J, Thomson DB, Staub MB. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ankle Arthritis and Subsequent Immune-Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome. Am J Med 2024:S0002-9343(24)00479-0. [PMID: 39074676 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn C Reasoner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn.
| | - Christina T Fiske
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn
| | - James Yu
- Tennessee Orthopaedic Alliance, Nashville
| | | | - Milner B Staub
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn; Infectious Diseases Section, Veteran Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville
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Yikilmaz I, Surucu L, Maslakci A, Dalmis AB, Toros E. Exploring the Relationship between Surface Acting, Job Stress, and Emotional Exhaustion in Health Professionals: The Moderating Role of LMX. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:637. [PMID: 39199033 PMCID: PMC11351417 DOI: 10.3390/bs14080637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapid organizational changes due to technological advancements, high-efficiency expectations, and uncertainties, particularly in healthcare, have led to a global stress epidemic among em-ployees. This has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and evolving workplace practices. Surface acting, or the suppression and faking of emotions, significantly contributes to this stress and burnout, impacting not only individual healthcare professionals but also healthcare systems' overall effectiveness and sustainability. Providing adequate resources in high-demand work environments is, thus, essential to mitigate these negative experiences. Leader-member exchange (LMX) can play a pivotal role in understanding and addressing the needs and expectations of healthcare professionals. Drawing on Conservation of Resources (COR), Job Demands-Resources (JD-R), Social Exchange theories, and Grandey's Emotional Regulation Model, this study analyzed data from a convenience sample of 350 healthcare professionals. The results reveal that surface acting intensifies healthcare professionals' experiences of job stress and emotional exhaustion. Notably, the study empirically demonstrated that high levels of LMX in healthcare professionals' relationships with their leaders can mitigate the impact of surface acting on job stress and emotional exhaustion. These findings offer valuable insights for managers and policymakers, highlighting the importance of LMX in maintaining sustainable management practices in complex and stressful healthcare organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Yikilmaz
- Department of Management and Organization, Faculty of Business Administration, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41380, Turkey
| | - Lutfi Surucu
- Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics, Administrative, and Social Sciences, Bahçeşehir Cyprus University, Mersin 10, Nicosia 99010, Turkey; (L.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Ahmet Maslakci
- Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics, Administrative, and Social Sciences, Bahçeşehir Cyprus University, Mersin 10, Nicosia 99010, Turkey; (L.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Alper Bahadir Dalmis
- Department of Management and Organization, Aeronautical Vocational School of Higher Education, University of Turkish Aeronautical Association, Ankara 06790, Turkey;
| | - Emete Toros
- Faculty of Business Administration and Social Sciences, University of Kyrenia, Mersin 10, Kyrenia 99320, Turkey;
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Uribe-Carvajal R, Pelcastre-Villafuerte BE, Díaz-Castro L, Gómez-Dantés H. [Opportunities and challenges in vaccination implementation against COVID-19: A systematic review]. Aten Primaria 2024; 56:103047. [PMID: 39024921 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2024.103047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the experiences regarding the implementation of COVID-19 vaccination strategies, emphasizing the opportunities and challenges identified during its implementation. DESIGN A systematic review of the literature published between 2020 and 2022. DATA SOURCES The study was conducted across four databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scielo, and Lilacs. SELECTION OF STUDIES Publications selection followed the PRISMA methodology (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis). DATA EXTRACTION A database was created where key elements of the selected study were identified and recorded, such as results, discussion, and conclusions. In addition, analysis categories were created such as: stages of the implementation plan, challenges identified and opportunity areas. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS 292 publications were found, of which 25 were selected for analysis. Of these, 64% came from high-income countries and 32% from upper-middle-income countries. According to the stages of the implementation plan, 20% of the studies focused on regulations, planning and coordination; 28% in prioritization of the population to be vaccinated; 16% in acceptance, demand, and risk communication; and 16% in administration and information systems. Reflection on the response to the pandemic invites us to consider various aspects, such as the organization and function of health systems, the importance of collaborative work, efforts to achieve equity, communication strategies, as well as ethical dilemmas when seeking preserve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Uribe-Carvajal
- Centro de Investigación en Evaluación y Encuestas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | | | - Lina Díaz-Castro
- Dirección de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Héctor Gómez-Dantés
- Centro de Investigación en Sistemas de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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Alisi A, McCaughan G, Grønbæk H. Role of gut microbiota and immune cells in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: clinical impact. Hepatol Int 2024:10.1007/s12072-024-10674-6. [PMID: 38995341 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-024-10674-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
In 2020, a revised definition of fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction (MAFLD) was proposed to replace non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD). Liver steatosis and at least one of the three metabolic risk factors, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, or signs of metabolic dysregulation, are used to diagnose MAFLD. MAFLD, similarly to NAFLD, is characterized by a spectrum of disease ranging from simple steatosis to advanced metabolic steatohepatitis with or without fibrosis, and may progress to cirrhosis and liver cancer, including increased risk of other critical extrahepatic diseases. Even though the pathophysiology of MAFLD and potential therapeutic targets have been explored in great detail, there is yet no Food and Drug Administration approved treatment. Recently, gut microbiome-derived products (e.g., endotoxins and metabolites) involved in intestinal barrier disruption, systemic inflammation, and modification of intrahepatic immunity have been associated with MAFLD development and progression. Therefore, different strategies could be adopted to modify the gut microbiome to improve outcomes in early and progressive MAFLD. Here, we provide an overview of mechanisms that may link the gut microbiome and immune response during the onset of liver steatosis and progression to steatohepatitis and fibrosis in patients with MAFLD. Finally, gut microbiota-based approaches are discussed as potential personalized treatments against MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Alisi
- Research Unit of Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesu' Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Geoffrey McCaughan
- A.W Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Center, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Henning Grønbæk
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital and Clinical Institute, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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50
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Adolph TE, Meyer M, Jukic A, Tilg H. Heavy arch: from inflammatory bowel diseases to metabolic disorders. Gut 2024; 73:1376-1387. [PMID: 38777571 PMCID: PMC11287632 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2024-331914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have captured the globe during Westernisation of lifestyle and related dietary habits over the last decades. Both disease entities are characterised by complex and heterogeneous clinical spectra linked to distinct symptoms and organ systems which, on a first glimpse, do not have many commonalities in clinical practice. However, experimental studies indicate a common backbone of inflammatory mechanisms in metabolic diseases and gut inflammation, and emerging clinical evidence suggests an intricate interplay between metabolic disorders and IBD. OBJECTIVE We depict parallels of IBD and metabolic diseases, easily overlooked in clinical routine. DESIGN We provide an overview of the recent literature and discuss implications of metabolic morbidity in patients with IBD for researchers, clinicians and healthcare providers. CONCLUSION The Western lifestyle and diet and related gut microbial perturbation serve as a fuel for metabolic inflammation in and beyond the gut. Metabolic disorders and the metabolic syndrome increasingly affect patients with IBD, with an expected negative impact for both disease entities and risk for complications. This concept implies that tackling the obesity pandemic exerts beneficial effects beyond metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timon E Adolph
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Moritz Meyer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Almina Jukic
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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