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Zheng J, He J, Li H. FAM19A5 in vascular aging and osteoporosis: Mechanisms and the "calcification paradox". Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102361. [PMID: 38821416 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Aging induces a progressive decline in the vasculature's structure and function. Vascular aging is a determinant factor for vascular ailments in the elderly. FAM19A5, a recently identified adipokine, has demonstrated involvement in multiple vascular aging-related pathologies, including atherosclerosis, cardio-cerebral vascular diseases and cognitive deficits. This review summarizes the current understanding of FAM19A5' role and explores its putative regulatory mechanisms in various aging-related disorders, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and malignancies. Importantly, we provide novel insights into the underlying therapeutic value of FAM19A5 in osteoporosis. Finally, we outline future perspectives on the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of FAM19A5 in vascular aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jieyu He
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huahua Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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2
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Oladele JO, Ojuederie OB, Oladele OT, Ajayi EIO, Olaniyan MD, Atolagbe OS, Okoro OE, Adewale OO, Oyeleke OM. Gastroprotective mechanism of Talinum triangulare on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in Wistar rats via inflammatory, antioxidant, and H +/K +-ATPase inhibition-mediated pathways. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38953232 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2365435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The increase in the incidence of gastric ulcer (GU) has posed major threat on public health. This research aimed to evaluate gastroprotective properties of the aqueous leaf extract of Talium triangulare (AETT) in ethanol-induced gastric ulceration. GU was induced via oral administration of single dose of 5 mLkg-1 of 90% ethanol in rats and protection of 200 mgkg-1 bw of AETT and 20 mgkg-1 bw of omeprazole was investigated for 14 d via oral treatment. Influence of AETT on anti-inflammatory, redox assays, ulcer index (UI), and gastric mucosa histological alterations were evaluated. Significant increase in myeloperoxidase (MPO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels compared to untreated group established gastric inflammation in rats induced by ethanol. Gastric ulcerated group exhibited heightened oxidative stress with concurrent decline in activities of antioxidant enzymes. Ethanol exposure to rats resulted in induction of lipid peroxidation, prominently elevating gastric malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Nevertheless, treatment with AETT or omeprazole exhibited substantial anti-inflammatory effects within gastric mucosa by attenuating expression of markers associated with inflammation. AETT demonstrated reduction in concentrations of MDA and H2O2, thereby alleviating progression of lipid peroxidation cascades. Also, AETT exhibited mitigating effect on ethanol-induced oxidative harm by enhancing the functionality of protective enzymes and elevating glutathione (GSH) concentration. Overall, AETT exhibited enhancements in activities of cytoprotective antioxidant enzymes, mitigated impact of oxidative stress and inflammation, inhibited lipid peroxidation, and decreased UI score. These beneficial effects could be attributed to phytochemicals present in AETT including 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone and Phytol. Outcome of this study established the traditional herbal claims of AETT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnson O Oladele
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Chemical Sciences, Kings University, Ode-Omu, Nigeria
- Phytochemistry and Phytomedicine Research Unit, Royal Scientific Research Institute, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Omena B Ojuederie
- Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kings University, Ode-Omu, Nigeria
| | - Oluwaseun T Oladele
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer I O Ajayi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Monisola D Olaniyan
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Chemical Sciences, Kings University, Ode-Omu, Nigeria
| | | | - Oluwaseyi E Okoro
- Internal Medicine Department, Mandeville Regional Hospital, Manchester, Jamaica
| | - Omowumi O Adewale
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Oyedotun M Oyeleke
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Chemical Sciences, Kings University, Ode-Omu, Nigeria
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Fu J, Chen Y, Huang Z, Wang X. The effect of Bushenhuoxue nutritional decoction in the treatment of overweight patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Pak J Med Sci 2024; 40:1105-1110. [PMID: 38952537 PMCID: PMC11190424 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.40.6.9304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nutrition treatment (Bushenhuoxue nutritional decoction) in overweight patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods Retrospective analysis of 96 overweight patients with PCOS who received treatment in our hospital from October 2020 to June 2022 was done. Among them, 46 patients received routine drug treatment and daily dietary intervention (control group), while 50 patients received additional TCM nutrition support in addition to routine treatment (observation group). Glucose and lipid metabolism indicators and hormone levels were compared between the two groups before and after the treatment. Ovulation rate, pregnancy rate, and adverse reactions were compared between both groups one year after the treatment. Results After treatment, the improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism indicators and hormone levels in the observation group was significantly better than in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the TCM syndrome scores of the two groups were lower than that before treatment (P < 0.001), and the TCM syndrome scores of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.001).Ovulation and pregnancy rates were significantly higher in the observation group compared to the control group at 1-year follow up (P<0.05), and the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Combined with conventional drug treatment, TCM nutrition treatment can significantly improve glucose and lipid metabolism, hormone levels, and TCM syndrome of overweight PCOS patients, increase the ovulation and pregnancy rates, and reduce potential adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaowen Fu
- Jiaowen Fu, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570102, P.R. China
| | - Yingqi Chen
- Yingqi Chen, Department of Chinese medicine prescription, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province 571199, P.R. China
| | - Zongwen Huang
- Zongwen Huang, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570102, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Xiaojing Wang, Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570000, P.R. China
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Hakim Z, Hasan NU, Khan A, Waheed A. Association of Genetic Polymorphism rs 77630697(Gly64Asp) of Multidrug and Toxin Extrusion -1 with glycemic response to metformin in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Pak J Med Sci 2024; 40:1256-1260. [PMID: 38952525 PMCID: PMC11190412 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.40.6.8170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the relationship between Gly64Asp (rs77630697) polymorphism of multidrug and toxin extrusion-1 (MATE-1) and therapeutic response of metformin in Type-2 diabetic patients. Methods A longitudinal study was conducted at Riphah International Hospital, Islamabad from June 2020 to December 2021. Type-2 diabetic patients (n=200) on metformin monotherapy fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled and followed up till three months. Based on change in HbA1c, they were divided into responders and non-responders. DNA was extracted and genotyping was done by TETRA ARMS PCR. Data was entered and association was analyzed by SPSS 22. Results Out of 200 participants, 104 were categorized as responders and 96 as non-responders. The genotype and allelic distribution of rs77630697 was significantly different between responders and non-responders. The variant genotype (GG) was most prevalent among the study population and among responders. After follow up of three months, difference in glycemic response was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05) among three genotypes (GG, GA and AA). The decline in HbA1c was highest in GG genotype with almost two-fold reduction in comparison with GA and AA. Carriers of allele A were significantly associated with impaired response to metformin. Conclusion The variable therapeutic response to metformin in the responders and non-responders may be contributed to rs77630697 isoform variation of MATE-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunera Hakim
- Zunera Hakim, MPhil. Najam ul Hasan, FCPS. Department of Pharmacology, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Najam ul Hasan
- Najam ul Hasan, FCPS. Department of Ophthalmology, PAF Hospital, Shorkot, Pakistan
| | - Asma Khan
- Asma Khan, MPhil. Department of Pharmacology, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Akbar Waheed
- Akbar Waheed, PhD. Department of Pharmacology Islamic International Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Das C, Ghosh G, Rath G, Das D, Kar B, Pradhan D, Rai VK, Rajwar TK, Halder J, Dash P. Chemometric profiling and anti-arthritic activity of aerial parts of Glinus oppositifolius (L.) Aug. DC. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:117991. [PMID: 38460574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Glinus oppositifolius (L.) Aug. DC. belongs to the family Molluginaceae, an annual prostrate herb traditionally used to treat inflammations, arthritis, malarial, wounds, fevers, diarrhoea, cancer, stomach discomfort, jaundice, and intestinal parasites. However, the anti-arthritic activity of the aerial part has still not been reported. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the antioxidant and anti-arthritic activity of G. oppositifolius in Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) induced rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The dried aerial parts of this plant material were defatted with n-hexane and extracted by methanol using a soxhlet apparatus. The in vitro anti-arthritic activity of methanolic extract of G. oppositifolius (MEGO) was evaluated in protein denaturation, membrane stabilization, and inhibition of proteinase assay at 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 μg/ml concentrations. Female Wistar rats were immunized sub-dermally into the right hind paw with 0.1 ml of CFA. Rats were administered with MEGO at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg once daily for fourteen days after arthritis induction. Assessment of arthritis was performed by measuring paw diameter, arthritic index, arthritic score, body weight, organ weight, and hematological and biochemical parameters, followed by the analysis of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin 13 (IL-13) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) and histopathological study. In vivo antioxidant effect was investigated in enzymatic assays. The presence of phytoconstituents was analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), respectively. In silico molecular docking study of the compounds was carried out against COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α using AutoDock 4.2 and BIOVIA-Discovery Studio Visualizer software. RESULTS MEGO's in vitro anti-arthritic activity showed dose-dependent inhibition of protein denaturation, membrane stabilization, and proteinase inhibition, followed by significant in vivo anti-arthritic activity. The rats treated with MEGO showed tremendous potential in managing arthritis-like symptoms by restoring hematological, biochemical, and histological changes in CFA-induced rats. MEGO (200 and 400 mg/kg) showed a significant alleviation in the levels of hyper expressed inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and oxidative stress (SOD, CAT, GSH, and LPO) in CFA-induced rats. Spergulagenin-A as identified by LC-MS analysis, exhibited the highest binding affinity against COX-2 (-8.6), IL-1β (7.2 kcal/mol), IL-6 (-7.4 kcal/mol), and TNF-α (-6.5 kcal/mol). CONCLUSIONS Provided with the comprehensive investigation, methanolic extract of G. oppositifolius against arthritic-like condition is a proof of concept that revalidates its ethnic claim. The presence of Spergulagenin-A might be responsible for the anti-arthritic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Das
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Goutam Rath
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Debajyoti Das
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Biswakanth Kar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Deepak Pradhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Vineet Kumar Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Tushar Kanti Rajwar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Jitu Halder
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Priyanka Dash
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India.
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Sial NT, Malik A, Iqbal U, Mehmood MH, Rehman MFU. Novel antiarthritic mechanisms of Azelaic acid against CFA-induced arthritis in rats by modulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines network. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01512-0. [PMID: 38916711 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01512-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
An immunologic system attacking the body's own tissues is a hallmark of autoimmune disorders, which encompass a wide range of unique conditions. Numerous essential biologic functions, including the regulation of the immune system, inflammation, cell division, and tissue repair, are carried out by cytokines. Natural compounds are an effective treatment for autoimmune illnesses by modulation of inflammatory cytokines and infiltration of leukocytes into the inflamed tissue. Here, anti-arthritic study was carried out using oral administration of Azelaic acid (AzA) for 28 days with doses (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg) in Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis model. AzA ameliorated the adjuvant-induced arthritis by decreasing arthritic score, paw volume, improved body-weight alterations and serum levels of PGE2, 5-LOX and anti-ccp. AzA showed significant down regulation of NF-κB, COX-II, TNF-α, IL-17, IL-1β, IL-6, and up regulation of IL4 and IL10. Hemoglobin and RBCs count remarkably increased and ESR, CRP, platelets, WBCs levels markedly reduced in post treatment. In addition, the weakened SOD (superoxide dismutase), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione (GSH) activity and the increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were all reversed by AzA treatment. And showed improved radiographical and histologic alterations in the structure of the joints. Molecular docking studies targeting COX-II, iNOS, TNF-α, 5-LOX, IL4, IL10, IL-6, and IL-17 establish a correlation between theoretical and experimental results. Results showed that AzA inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines (COX-II, TNF-α, 5-LOX, IL-17, NF-κB, IL-1β, and IL-6) and increase anti-inflammatory cytokines, which supported the anti-arthritic and immunomodulatory potential of AzA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeela Tabassum Sial
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
- Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
| | - Urooj Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Malik Hassan Mehmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
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Sun H, Feng Y, Zhang J, Zhang R, Ning F, She Z, Yun L, Meng M. Gastroprotective effects of polysaccharides from purple sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) on an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer via regulating immunity and activating the PI3K/Akt/Rheb/mTOR pathway. Food Funct 2024; 15:6408-6423. [PMID: 38726829 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01071j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the alleviation of an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in mice by apolysaccharide (PSP) from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) and explore the mechanism. The anti-ulcer activity was determined by histopathological evaluation, total gastric acidity, pepsin activity, gastric ulcer index and gastric ulcer inhibition rate. The expression levels of inflammatory factors were detected using ELISA. A special protein meter was used to detect the content of immunoglobulin lgM, immunoglobulin lgG, and complements C3 and C4 in the serum of mice. The expression of CD4+/CD8+ lymphocyte subsets of mice was detected using flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to examine the effect of PSP on the PI3K/Akt/Rheb/mTOR pathway. The results showed that PSP could effectively reduce the total gastric acidity, pepsin activity, and the index and inhibition rate of gastric ulcers. At the same time, PSP could significantly increase the levels of immunoglobulins (lgG and lgM) and complements (C3 and C4). It could also increase the activity of peritoneal macrophages in mice and the expression of CD4+/CD8+ in the spleen. ELISA analysis showed that the contents of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly decreased and the content of IL-10 was significantly increased in the PSP group. The western blot analysis showed that PSP could upregulate the relative protein expressions of MUC5AC, PI3K, p-Akt, Rheb and mTOR. These results indicate that PSP can activate the PI3K/Akt/Rheb/mTOR signaling pathway to improve the immunity of mice and maintain the balance of the immune system, thereby protecting the gastric mucosa and improving stress gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Yinyin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Junhan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Fang Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Ziyi She
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Liyuan Yun
- China-Russia Agricultural Processing Joint Laboratory, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Meng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13th Avenue, Tianjin Economy Technological Development Area, Tianjin 300457, China.
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El-Shitany NA, El-Saidy EA, El-Naggar ME, Sokar SS. Cilostazol protects against gastric ulcers by regulating PPAR-γ, HO-1, PECAM-1, pErk-1, NF-κB, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03176-7. [PMID: 38884677 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03176-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Millions of individuals worldwide, across all age groups, suffer from the widespread health issue of gastric ulcers. In many experiments, cilostazol (Cls), a phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor, was recently shown to have anti-ulcer activity. Notably, Cls increases the expression and transcriptional activity of PPAR-γ in vitro and in vivo. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Cls against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers and clarify the possible underlying mechanisms with an emphasis on the role of PPAR-γ. Male albino rats were treated with ethanol to induce gastric ulcers, or they were pretreated with Cls, omeprazole (Omp), GW9662, or Cls + GW9662 for 14 consecutive days before receiving ethanol. Cls protects against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. Cls treatment significantly reduced ethanol-induced upregulation of the pro-inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and NF-κB), MDA (a marker of lipid peroxidation), and caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 (apoptotic markers). On the other hand, Cls treatment counteracted ethanol-induced downregulation of PPAR-γ, pErk-1, HO-1 and GSH (antioxidant markers), PECAM-1 and NO (healing markers), and Bcl-2 (antiapoptotic marker). However, when combined with GW9662, a potent antagonist of PPAR-γ, Cls loses its effects. In conclusion, these results suggest that PPAR-γ and pErk-1 are essential for Cls's protective effects against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagla A El-Shitany
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Eman A El-Saidy
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Mostafa E El-Naggar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Samia S Sokar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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9
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Arabacı Tamer S, Eskiler GG, Ercan F. Gastroprotective effect of vanillic acid against ethanol-induced gastric injury in rats: involvement of the NF-κB signalling and anti-apoptosis role. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:744. [PMID: 38874632 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09672-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vanillic acid (VA; 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid) is a flavouring agent found in various natural sources such as olives, fruits, and green tea. While VA exhibits numerous pharmacological effects, its potential protective effects against gastric injury warrants further investigation. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to elucidate investigate the gastroprotective properties of VA against ethanol-induced gastric injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Rats were orally administered either saline or VA at different doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day), with omeprazole (20 mg/kg) serving as a positive control, for fourteen consecutive days before ethanol administration. Blood and gastric tissue samples were collected one hour after ethanol administration for biochemical, molecular, and histological analyses. Pre-treatment with VA before ulcer induction alleviated both macroscopic and microscopic damage. It also increased antioxidant glutathione levels and decreased malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase activity, along with reducing inflammatory markers such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Additionally, VA pre-treatment reversed the elevation of Bax mRNA expression and gastric caspase-3 levels induced by gastric damage. It also mitigated the reduction in Bcl-2 mRNA expression. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that VA exerts protective effects against ethanol-induced gastric injury in rats. It achieves this by augmenting gastric antioxidant capacity and mitigating oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Arabacı Tamer
- School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Sakarya University, Korucuk Mah. Konuralp Bulvarı No: 81/1 Korucuk Kampüsü, Adapazarı Sakarya, 54100, Türkiye.
| | - Gamze Güney Eskiler
- School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Türkiye
| | - Feriha Ercan
- School of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University, İstanbul, Türkiye
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Nabil G, Ahmed YH, Ahmed O, Milad SS, Hisham M, Rafat M, Atia M, Shokry AA. Argel's stemmoside C as a novel natural remedy for mice with alcohol-induced gastric ulcer based on its molecular mechanistic pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:117970. [PMID: 38428660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Solenostemma argel is widely distributed in Africa & Asia with traditional usage in alleviating abdominal colic, aches, & cramps. This plant is rich in phytochemicals, which must be explored for its pharmacological effects. PURPOSE Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is the digestion of the digestive tube. PUD not only interferes with food digestion & nutrient absorption, damages one of the largest defensive barriers against pathogenic micro-organisms, but also impedes drug absorption & bioavailability, rendering the oral route, the most convenient way, ineffective. Omeprazole, one of the indispensable cost-effective proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) extensively prescribed to control PUD, is showing growing apprehensions toward multiple drug interactions & side effects. Hence, finding a natural alternative with Omeprazole-like activity & limited side effects is a medical concern. STUDY DESIGN Therefore, we present Stemmoside C as a new gastroprotective phytochemical agent isolated from Solenostemma argel to be tested in upgrading doses against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in mice compared to negative, positive, & reference Omeprazole groups. METHODS We carried out in-depth pharmacological & histopathological studies to determine the possible mechanistic pathway. RESULTS Our results showed that Stemmoside C protected the stomach against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers parallel to Omeprazole. Furthermore, the mechanistic studies revealed that Stemmoside C produced its effect using an orchestrated array of different mechanisms. Stemmoside C stimulates stomach defense by increasing COX-2, PGE-2, NO, & TFF-1 healing factors, IL-10 anti-inflammatory cytokine, & Nrf-2 & HO-1 anti-oxidant pathways. It also suppresses stomach ulceration by inhibiting leucocyte recruitment, especially neutrophils, leading to subsequent inhibition of NF-κBp65, TNF-α, IL-1β, & iNOS pro-inflammatory cytokines & JAK-1/STAT-3 inflammation-induced carcinogenicity cascade in addition to MMP-9 responsible for tissue degradation. CONCLUSION These findings cast light on Stemmoside C's clinical application against gastric ulcer progression, recurrence, & tumorigenicity & concurrently with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Nabil
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Yasmine H Ahmed
- Department of Cytology & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Omaima Ahmed
- Department of Cytology & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Selvia S Milad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hisham
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Rafat
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Atia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Aya A Shokry
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
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11
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Yadav S, Pandey A, Mali SN. From lab to nature: Recent advancements in the journey of gastroprotective agents from medicinal chemistry to phytotherapy. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 272:116436. [PMID: 38704935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Peptic ulcer, affecting 10 % of the global population, results from imbalances in gastric juice pH and diminished mucosal defences. Key underlying factors are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and Helicobacter pylori infection, undermining mucosal resistance. Traditional treatments like proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine-2 (H2) receptor antagonists exhibit drawbacks such as adverse effects, relapses, and drug interactions. This review extensively explores the ethnomedicinal, synthetic and pharmacological facets of various potential peptic ulcer treatments. Rigorous methodologies involving electronic databases, and chemical structure verification via 'PubChem' and 'SciFinder' enhance the review's credibility. The provided information, spanning medicinal insights to intricate pharmacological mechanisms, establishes a robust groundwork for future research and the development of plant-derived or synthetic molecules for peptic ulcers, offering a promising alternative to conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Anima Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Suraj N Mali
- School of Pharmacy, D.Y. Patil University (Deemed to be University), Sector 7, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, 400706, India.
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12
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Huang P, Meng L, Pang J, Huang H, Ma J, He L, Lin X. miR-208a-3p regulated by circUQCRC2 suppresses ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting CELF2-mediated tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, inflammation and ferroptosis. Shock 2024; 61:942-950. [PMID: 38664873 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background : Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent clinical syndrome with persistent kidney dysfunction. Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of AKI. miR-208a-3p overexpression attenuated myocardial I/R injury. This study aims to investigate the role and mechanism of miR-208a-3p in I/R-induced AKI. Methods : AKI models were established using hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-exposed tubule epithelial cell HK-2 and I/R-induced mice. The function and mechanism of miR-208a-3p were investigated by gain- or loss-of-function methods using real-time PCR, CCK-8, flow cytometry, ELISA, western blot, hematoxylin-eosin staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay, detection of Fe 2+ , reactive oxygen species, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine, and luciferase reporter assay. Results : miR-208a-3p expression was suppressed, while the expression of CELF2 and circular RNA ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein 2 (circUQCRC2) was increased in both AKI models. miR-208a-3p upregulation or circUQCRC2 silencing increased the viability, decreased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), reduced apoptosis and contents of Fe 2+ and reactive oxygen species, elevated expression of GPX4 and SLC7A11, and reduced ACSL4 expression in H/R-stimulated HK-2 cells. In addition, miR-208a-3p improved kidney function by alleviating renal injury, apoptosis, inflammation, and ferroptosis in AKI mouse model. CELF2 was a target gene of miR-208a-3p, which was negatively modulated by circUQCRC2. Overexpression of CELF2 blocked the function of miR-208a-3p upregulation or circUQCRC2 silencing on H/R-treated HK-2 cells. Moreover, the effects of circUQCRC2 downregulation on H/R-injured cells were also reversed by miR-208a-3p inhibitor. Conclusions : miR-208a-3p regulated by circUQCRC2 could attenuate I/R-induced AKI by inhibiting CELF2-mediated tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, inflammation and ferroptosis. This study provides potential therapeutic targets for I/R-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Lingzhang Meng
- Center for Systemic Inflammation Research, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Jun Pang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Haiting Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Linlin He
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
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13
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Iqbal U, Malik A, Sial NT, Uttra AM, Rehman MFU, Mehmood MH. Molecular insights of Eucalyptol (1,8-Cineole) as an anti-arthritic agent: in vivo and in silico analysis of IL-17, IL-10, NF-κB, 5-LOX and COX-2. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:1941-1959. [PMID: 38649658 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The monoterpene oxide, Eucalyptol (1,8-Cineole), a primary component of eucalyptus oil, has been evaluated pharmacologically for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. Current research aimed to evaluate Eucalyptol's anti-arthritic potential in a Complete Freund's adjuvant induced arthritis that resembles human rheumatoid arthritis. Polyarthritis developed after 0.1 mL CFA injection into the left hind footpad in rats. Oral administration of Eucalyptol at various doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly reduced paw edema, body weight loss, 5-LOX, PGE2 and Anti-CCP levels. Real-time PCR investigation showed significant downregulation of COX-2, TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-17, IL-6, IL-1β and upregulation of IL-4 and IL-10 in Eucalyptol treated groups. Hemoglobin and RBCs counts significantly increased post-treatment with Eucalyptol while ESR, CRP, WBCs and platelets count significantly decreased. Eucalyptol significantly increased Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase and Glutathione levels compared to CFA-induced arthritic control however, MDA significantly decreased post-treatment. Further, radiographic and histopathological examination of the ankle joints of rodents administered Eucalyptol revealed an improvement in the structure of the joints. Piroxicam was taken as standard. Furthermore, molecular docking findings supported the anti-arthritic efficacy of Eucalyptol exhibited high binding interaction against IL-17, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-10, iNOS NF-κB, 5-LOX, and COX-2. Eucalyptol has reduced the severity of CFA induced arthritis by promoting anti-inflammatory cytokines for example IL-4, IL-10 and by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines such as 5-LOX, COX-2, IL-17, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. Therefore, Eucalyptol might be as a potential therapeutic agent because of its pronounced anti-oxidant and anti-arthritic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urooj Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Malik
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
| | - Nabeela Tabassum Sial
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
- Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ambreen Malik Uttra
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | | | - Malik Hassan Mehmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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14
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Zhang YB, Guo XQ, Wang GG, Pu HB. MicroRNA 98-5p Overexpression Contributes to Delayed Fracture Healing via Targeting BMP-2. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2024; 263:17-25. [PMID: 38267060 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.2024.j005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are related to the regulation of bone metabolism. Delayed fracture healing (DFH) is a common complication after fracture surgery. The study attempted to examine the role of miR-98-5p and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 with the onset of DFH. A total of 140 patients with femoral neck fracture were recruited, including 80 cases with normal fracture healing (NFH) and 60 cases with DFH. MC3T3-E1 cells were induced cell differentiation for cell function experiments. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was carried out to test mRNA levels. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined via CCK-8 and flow cytometry assay. Luciferase reporter assay was done to verify the targeted regulatory relationship of miR-98-5p with BMP-2. In comparison with NFH cases, DFH patients owned high levels of serum miR-98-5p and low concentration of BMP-2, and the levels of the two indexes are significantly negatively correlated. Both miR-98-5p and BMP-2 had the ability to predict DFH, while their combined diagnostic value is the highest. BMP-2 was demonstrated to be the target gene of miR-98-5p. Overexpression of BMP-2 reversed the role of miR-98-5p in MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation. Increased miR-98-5p and decreased BMP-2 serve as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of DFH. MiR-98-5p overexpression inhibits osteoblast proliferation and differentiation via targeting BMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Bin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Fuyang TCM Hospital of Orthopedics Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
| | - Xiu-Quan Guo
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Zhucheng People's Hospital
| | - Gang-Gang Wang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Zhucheng People's Hospital
| | - Hai-Bo Pu
- Department of Orthopaedics, People's Hospital of Chongqing Hechuan
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15
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Zhao P, Hou Y, Yan T, Kang J, Tian Y, Li J, Zeng C, Geng F, Liao Q. Synthesis and biological evaluation of chrysin derivatives containing α-lipoic acid for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Front Chem 2024; 12:1406051. [PMID: 38860236 PMCID: PMC11163049 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1406051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study introduces newly discovered chrysin derivatives that show potential as candidate molecules for treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Compound 4b, among the synthesized compounds, displayed significant inhibitory effects on monocyte adhesion to colon epithelium induced by TNF-α, with an IC50 value of 4.71 μM. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that 4b inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and downregulates the expression of ICAM-1 and MCP-1, key molecules involved in monocyte-epithelial adhesion, as well as the transcriptional activity of NF-κB. In vivo experiments have shown that compound 4b exhibits a dose-dependent inhibition of 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats, thereby validating its effectiveness as a colitis inhibitor in animal models. These results indicate that 4b shows considerable promise as a therapeutic agent for managing IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Zhao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yusen Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Yan
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Kang
- Yunnan Shengke Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kunming, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Guizhou Yunfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xingyi, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Medicinal Animals, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenjuan Zeng
- Guizhou Yunfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xingyi, China
| | - Funeng Geng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Liao
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical American Cockroach, Chengdu, China
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16
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Jabbar Z, Irfan HM, Alamgeer, Ullah A, Mahmoud MH, Batiha GE, Ahsan H, Khan A, Kashtoh H. Trans-Chalcone (1-3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-one) as a Therapeutic Candidate in Joint Inflammation via Reduction of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 in Rodents: An In Vivo Study by RT-PCR and ELISA analysis. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:22123-22135. [PMID: 38799342 PMCID: PMC11112584 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune disorders include vast and distinct illnesses and are characterized by an immune system-mediated attack on the body's own tissues. Because of their ability to impact any portion of the body, their clinical symptoms are incredibly varied. The variations in symptoms are normally linked with the release and activation of vasoactive, chemotactic substances and cytokines. Cytokines perform a multitude of vital biological tasks, such as immune response control, inflammation, proliferation, and tissue repair. The reversal of inflammatory cytokines and leukocyte infiltration into the inflamed tissue by natural compounds provides an effective remedy for autoimmune diseases. Here, the oral administration of trans-chalcone (TC) for 28 days was tested with gradually increasing doses (30, 60, and 120 mg/kg) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-provoked joint tissue stiffness in rats. Paw edema, arthritic index, joint stiffness, thermal and flexion pain, C-reactive protein, and rheumatoid factor (RF) levels were determined to check the tested drug effectiveness in a chronic inflammatory model. Molecular docking studies revealed strong binding affinity with inflammatory cytokines and mediators such as TNF-α, IL-17, COX-2, and iNOS; further, they were quantified at the mRNA level by RT-PCR and ELISA analysis. Oral administration of TC significantly ameliorated paw edema, thymus and spleen indices, joint stiffness, thermal and flexion pain, C-reactive protein, RF, mobility, and stance of the treated animals. This therapeutic effectiveness was linked with a reduction in the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17. The findings of the reported research confirmed the effectiveness of TC in ameliorating joint stiffness and flexion pain by prominently lowering the inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Jabbar
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, 40100 Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz M. Irfan
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, 40100 Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Alamgeer
- Punjab
University College of Pharmacy, University
of the Punjab, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aman Ullah
- Department
of Pharmacy, Saba Medical Centre, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 20316, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed H. Mahmoud
- Department
of Biochemistry, College of science, King
Saud University, 4545 Riyadh, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber E. Batiha
- Department
of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511 AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Haseeb Ahsan
- College
of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, 40100 Sargodha, Pakistan
- Division
of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, School
of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural
and Medical Sciences Research Center, University
of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Hamdy Kashtoh
- Department
of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic
of Korea
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17
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Araruna MEC, Júnior EBA, Serafim CADL, Pessoa MMB, Pessôa MLDS, Alves VP, da Silva MS, Sobral MV, Alves AF, Nunes MKDS, Araújo AA, Batista LM. (-)-Fenchone Prevents Cysteamine-Induced Duodenal Ulcers and Accelerates Healing Promoting Re-Epithelialization of Gastric Ulcers in Rats via Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory Mechanisms. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:641. [PMID: 38794211 PMCID: PMC11124074 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND (-)-Fenchone is a naturally occurring monoterpene found in the essential oils of Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Thuja occidentalis L., and Peumus boldus Molina. Pharmacological studies have reported its antinociceptive, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, and antioxidant activities. METHODS The preventive antiulcer effects of (-)-Fenchone were assessed through oral pretreatment in cysteamine-induced duodenal lesion models. Gastric healing, the underlying mechanisms, and toxicity after repeated doses were evaluated using the acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer rat model with oral treatment administered for 14 days. RESULTS In the cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer model, fenchone (37.5-300 mg/kg) significantly decreased the ulcer area and prevented lesion formation. In the acetic acid-induced ulcer model, fenchone (150 mg/kg) reduced (p < 0.001) ulcerative injury. These effects were associated with increased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin (IL)-10, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). Furthermore, treatment with (-)-Fenchone (150 mg/kg) significantly reduced (p < 0.001) malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB). A 14-day oral toxicity investigation revealed no alterations in heart, liver, spleen, or kidney weight, nor in the biochemical and hematological parameters assessed. (-)-Fenchone protected animals from body weight loss while maintaining feed and water intake. CONCLUSION (-)-Fenchone exhibits low toxicity, prevents duodenal ulcers, and enhances gastric healing activities. Antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties appear to be involved in its therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elaine Cristina Araruna
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58050-585, PB, Brazil; (M.E.C.A.); (E.B.A.J.); (C.A.d.L.S.); (M.M.B.P.); (M.L.d.S.P.); (V.P.A.); (M.S.d.S.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Edvaldo Balbino Alves Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58050-585, PB, Brazil; (M.E.C.A.); (E.B.A.J.); (C.A.d.L.S.); (M.M.B.P.); (M.L.d.S.P.); (V.P.A.); (M.S.d.S.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Catarina Alves de Lima Serafim
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58050-585, PB, Brazil; (M.E.C.A.); (E.B.A.J.); (C.A.d.L.S.); (M.M.B.P.); (M.L.d.S.P.); (V.P.A.); (M.S.d.S.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Matheus Marley Bezerra Pessoa
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58050-585, PB, Brazil; (M.E.C.A.); (E.B.A.J.); (C.A.d.L.S.); (M.M.B.P.); (M.L.d.S.P.); (V.P.A.); (M.S.d.S.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Michelle Liz de Souza Pessôa
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58050-585, PB, Brazil; (M.E.C.A.); (E.B.A.J.); (C.A.d.L.S.); (M.M.B.P.); (M.L.d.S.P.); (V.P.A.); (M.S.d.S.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Vitória Pereira Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58050-585, PB, Brazil; (M.E.C.A.); (E.B.A.J.); (C.A.d.L.S.); (M.M.B.P.); (M.L.d.S.P.); (V.P.A.); (M.S.d.S.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Marcelo Sobral da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58050-585, PB, Brazil; (M.E.C.A.); (E.B.A.J.); (C.A.d.L.S.); (M.M.B.P.); (M.L.d.S.P.); (V.P.A.); (M.S.d.S.); (M.V.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IPeFarM, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil
| | - Marianna Vieira Sobral
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58050-585, PB, Brazil; (M.E.C.A.); (E.B.A.J.); (C.A.d.L.S.); (M.M.B.P.); (M.L.d.S.P.); (V.P.A.); (M.S.d.S.); (M.V.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IPeFarM, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil
| | - Adriano Francisco Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58050-585, PB, Brazil; (M.E.C.A.); (E.B.A.J.); (C.A.d.L.S.); (M.M.B.P.); (M.L.d.S.P.); (V.P.A.); (M.S.d.S.); (M.V.S.)
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58050-585, PB, Brazil; (A.F.A.); (M.K.d.S.N.)
| | - Mayara Karla dos Santos Nunes
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58050-585, PB, Brazil; (A.F.A.); (M.K.d.S.N.)
| | - Aurigena Antunes Araújo
- Department of Morphology, Histology and Basic Pathology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil;
| | - Leônia Maria Batista
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), João Pessoa 58050-585, PB, Brazil; (M.E.C.A.); (E.B.A.J.); (C.A.d.L.S.); (M.M.B.P.); (M.L.d.S.P.); (V.P.A.); (M.S.d.S.); (M.V.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IPeFarM, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-970, PB, Brazil
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Kim EJ, Park H, Kim EY, Kim DK, Jung HS, Sohn Y. Ursodeoxycholic acid alleviates atopic dermatitis-associated inflammatory responses in HaCaT and RBL-2H3 cells and DNCB/DFE-treated mice. Life Sci 2024; 344:122560. [PMID: 38490296 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a hydrophilic dihydroxy bile acid used for cholestatic liver disease and exhibits antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, its potential effects on atopic dermatitis (AD) have not been elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of UDCA in inhibiting the inflammatory response and alleviating lesions in AD-like mice. MAIN METHODS To investigate the efficacy of UDCA in AD-like inflammatory responses, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)- and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)-stimulated HaCaT cells and anti-dinitrophenyl immunoglobulin E (DNP-IgE)- and human serum albumin (HSA)-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells were used to investigate the levels of inflammatory factors and their mechanisms. AD-like lesions were induced by applying DNCB/DFE to mice. The effect of UDCA administration in AD-like mice was analyzed by assessing organ weight, serum IgE and inflammatory cytokine levels, and histopathological changes using immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining. KEY FINDINGS In HaCaT cells, UDCA significantly diminished TARC, MDC, MCP-1, and IL-6 expression by inhibiting the phosphorylation of nuclear NF-κB and cytoplasmic IκB, and also increased the levels of skin barrier protein. In RBL-2H3 cells, UDCA reduced β-hexosaminidase and IL-4 levels. In AD-like mice, UDCA suppressed organ hypertrophy, ear edema, SCORAD index, DFE-specific IgE levels, inflammatory cytokine levels, skin hypertrophy, mast cell invasion, skin barrier loss, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin-positive areas. SIGNIFICANCE UDCA suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines by keratinocytes and mast cells. It also alleviated atopy by suppressing symptoms without organ toxicity in AD-like mice. UDCA may be an effective and safe treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eom Ji Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoyeon Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Kyung Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Sang Jung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngjoo Sohn
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Mazhar MU, Naz S, Zulfiqar T, Khan JZ, Ghazanfar S, Tipu MK. Immunostimulant, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective potential of Bacillus subtilis (NMCC-path-14) in comparison to dexamethasone in alleviating CFA-induced arthritis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3275-3299. [PMID: 37930392 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02814-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
To investigate and compare efficacy as well as safety of Bacillus subtilis and dexamethasone (Dexa) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis, we used glucocorticoid monotherapy (Dexa 5 mg/kg/day) and B. subtilis (1 × 108 CFU/animal/day p.o) as pre-treatment and concurrent treatment for a duration of 35 days. Specific emphasis was on chronic aspect of this study since long-term use of Dexa is known to produce undesirable side effects. Treatment with Dexa significantly attenuated the arthritic symptoms but produced severe side effects like weight loss, increased mortality, immunosuppression, and altered histology of liver, kidney, and spleen. Oxidative stress was also elevated by Dexa in these organs which contributed to the damage. Treatment with B. subtilis improved symptoms of arthritis without producing any deleterious side effects as seen with Dexa therapy. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) profile revealed decreased expression of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) expression by B. subtilis and Dexa treatment in ankle joint of arthritic mice. Radiological scores were also improved by both treatments. This study concludes that B. subtilis could be an effective alternative for treating arthritis than Dexa since it does not produce life-threatening side effects on prolong treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usama Mazhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Naz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Zulfiqar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jehan Zeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shakira Ghazanfar
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid Tipu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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20
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Ding H, Wang Y, Gao Y, Ye F, Yao K, Cao L, Liu Z, Wang G, Zhang J. Duloxetine protected indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal injury by increasing serotonin-dependent RANTES expression and activating PI3K-AKT-VEGF pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 486:116950. [PMID: 38701902 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Antidepressant duloxetine has been shown protective effect on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer, which was escorted by inflammation in the gastric mucosa. Cytokines are the principal mediators of inflammation. Thus, by screening the differential expression of cytokines in the gastric mucosa using cytokine array at 3 h after indomethacin exposure, when the gastric ulcer began to format, we found that indomethacin increased cytokines which promoted inflammation responses, whereas duloxetine decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines increased by indomethacin and increased RANTES expression. RANTES was consistently increased by pretreated with both 5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg duloxetine at 3 h and 6 h after indomethacin exposure in male rats. Selective blockade of RANTES-CCR5 axis by a functional antagonist Met-RANTES or a CCR5 antagonist maraviroc suppressed the protection of duloxetine. Considering the pharmacologic action of duloxetine on reuptake of monoamine neurotransmitters, we examined the serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine and dopamine contents in the blood and discovered 20 mg/kg duloxetine increased 5-HT levels in platelet-poor plasma, while treatment with 5-HT promoted expression of RANTES in the gastric mucosa and alleviated the indomethacin-induced gastric injury. Furthermore, duloxetine activated PI3K-AKT-VEGF signaling pathway, which was regulated by RANTES-CCR5, and selective inhibitor of VEGF receptor axitinib blocked the prophylactic effect of duloxetine. Furthermore, duloxetine also protected gastric mucosa from indomethacin in female rats, and RANTES was increased by duloxetine after 6 h after indomethacin exposure too. Together, our results identified the role of cytokines, particularly RANTES, and the underlying mechanisms in gastroprotective effect of duloxetine against indomethacin, which advanced our understanding in inflammatory modulation by monoamine-based antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwan Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yinge Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Fan Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Kaiyun Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Linyu Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zixin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guibin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China; State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, China; State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Beijing, China.
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21
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Gong H, Zhao N, Zhu C, Luo L, Liu S. Treatment of gastric ulcer, traditional Chinese medicine may be a better choice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117793. [PMID: 38278376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gastric ulcer (GU) is the injury of the gastric mucosa caused by the stimulation of various pathogenic factors penetrating the deep mucosal muscle layer. An increasing number of studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is highly effective in treating GU due to its multitarget, multilevel, and multi-pathway effects. AIM OF THE STUDY To review the latest research progress in the treatment of GU by TCM, including clinical and experimental studies, focusing on the target and mechanism of action of drugs and providing a theoretical basis for the treatment of GU by natural herbs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases (PubMed, Elsevier, Springer, Web of Science, and CNKI) were searched using the keywords "gastric ulcer", "gastric mucosal lesion", "TCM" and or paired with "peptic ulcer" and "natural drugs" for studies published in the last fifteen years until 2023. RESULTS TCM, including single components of natural products, Chinese patent medicines (CPM), and TCM decoction, is expected to treat GU by regulating various mechanisms, such as redox balance, inflammatory factors, angiogenesis, gastric mucosal protective factors, intestinal flora, apoptosis, and autophagy. CONCLUSIONS We discussed and summarized the mechanism of TCM in the treatment of GU, which provided a sufficient basis for TCM treatment of GU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Gong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Conglei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fuyang People's Hospital, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Lin Luo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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22
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Tariq S, Tariq S, Baig M, Valjevac A. Editorial: Osteoporosis and adipokines: the potential for future treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1405412. [PMID: 38660520 PMCID: PMC11039904 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1405412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Tariq
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical and Dental College, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sundus Tariq
- Department of Physiology, International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amina Valjevac
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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23
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Kashyap B, Khan A, Kapoor DN. Eugenol-Loaded Transethosomal Gel for Improved Skin Delivery and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:72. [PMID: 38575745 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02785-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a skin condition characterized by lichenification (thickening and increased skin marking), eczematous lesions, dry skin, itching, and pruritus. Eugenol is an aromatic polyphenolic compound that has attracted the attention of researchers due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer properties. The primary goal of the present study was to develop and evaluate eugenol-loaded transethosomes for the treatment of AD. Eugenol-loaded transethosomes were formulated using the ethanol injection method and subsequently subjected to particle size analysis, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, deformability index, and HRTEM analysis. Transethosomal gel was prepared by direct-dispersion method by using Carbopol 940®. Results showed transethosomes to be lipid bilayer structures with acceptable size, and high entrapment efficiency. Transethosomal formulation showed shear-thinning behavior. Eugenol-loaded transethosomal gel was significantly able to enhance the retention of the drug in the skin. Transethosomal gel was significantly able to reduce Ear thickness, DLC, TLC, and IL-6 levels in mice model of AD. These results indicate that the eugenol-loaded transethosomal gel could be a promising carrier for the topical administration of eugenol for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Kashyap
- Department of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh, Solan, India, 173229
| | - Azhar Khan
- Department of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh, Solan, India, 173229
| | - Deepak N Kapoor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India, 173229.
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24
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Wafaey AA, El-Hawary SS, Abdelhameed MF, El Raey MA, Abdelrahman SS, Ali AM, Kirollos FN. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using ethanolic extract of Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) kunth. Ex. Walp., stem: Characterizations and their gastroprotective effect on ethanol-induced gastritis in rats. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107225. [PMID: 38402797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The study presents a significant advancement in drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy through the successful synthesis of Gliricidia sepium(Jacq.) Kunth. ex. Walp., stem zinc oxide nanoparticles(GSS ZnONPs). The phenolic compounds present in Gliricidia sepium stem (GSS) particularly vanillic acid, apegnin-7-O-glucoside, syringic acid, and p-coumaric acid which were identified by HPLC. These compounds shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. GSS ZnONPs demonstrate pronounced gastroprotective effects against ethanol-induced gastritis, evidenced by the reduction in gastric lesions and mucosal injury upon its treatment. Histopathological evaluation and immunohistochemical analysis of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression further validate these results, revealing the amelioration of ethanol-induced gastritis and improved gastric tissue condition due to their treatment. Noteworthy is the dose-dependent response of GSS ZnONPs, showcasing their efficacy even at lower doses against ethanol-induced gastritis which is confirmed by different biomarkers. These findings have substantial implications for mitigating dosage-related adverse effects while preserving therapeutic benefits, offering a more favorable treatment approach. This study aims to investigate the potential gastroprotective activity of GSS ZnONPs against gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya A Wafaey
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El -Aini, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Seham S El-Hawary
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El -Aini, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Abdelhameed
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El Raey
- Phytochemistry & Plant Systematic Department, National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622 , Egypt
| | - Sahar S Abdelrahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Alaa M Ali
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Farid N Kirollos
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El -Aini, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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25
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Rehman S, Ishtiaq S, Khalil-Ur-Rehman M, Kamran SH. Ameliorative effects of Atriplex crassifolia (C.A.Mey) on pain and inflammation through modulation of inflammatory biomarkers and GC-MS-based metabolite profiling. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:1187-1201. [PMID: 38367124 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01430-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Atriplex crassifolia (A. crassifolia) is a locally occurring member of Chenopodiaceae family that has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of joint pain and inflammation. The present study was focused to determine the analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential of the plant. n-hexane (ACNH) and methanol (ACM) extracts of A. crassifolia were evaluated for in vitro anti-inflammatory potential using protein denaturation inhibition assay. In vivo anti-inflammatory potential was determined by oral administration of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg/day of extracts against carrageenan and formalin-induced paw edema models. Inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α, IL-10, IL-1β, NF-kB, IL-4, and IL-6 were estimated in blood samples of animals subjected to formalin model of inflammation. Analgesic activity was determined using acetic acid-induced writhing and tail flick assay model. Phytochemical profiling was done by GC-mass spectrophotometer. The results of in vitro anti-inflammatory activity revealed that both ACNH and ACM displayed eminent inhibition of protein denaturation in concentration-dependent manner. In acute in vivo carrageenan-induced paw edema model, both extracts reduced inflammation at 5th and 6th hour of study (p < 0.05). A. crassifolia extracts exhibited significant inhibition against formalin-induced inflammation with maximum effect at 1000 mg/kg. ACNH and ACM significantly augmented the inflammatory mediators (p < 0.05). Levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and NF-kB were reduced, while those of IL-4 and IL-10 were upregulated. ACNH displayed maximum analgesic effect at 1000 mg/kg, while ACM showed potent activity at 500 and 1000 mg/kg. The extracts restored the CBC, TLC and CRP toward normal. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of compounds like n-hexadecanoic acid, Phytol, (9E,11E)-octadecadienoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester, 1-hexacosene, vitamin E, campesterol, stigmasterol, gamma sitosterol in both extracts. These compounds have been reported to suppress inflammation by inhibiting inflammatory cytokines. The current study concludes that A. crassifolia possesses significant anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential owing to the presence of phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rehman
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saiqa Ishtiaq
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | | | - Sairah Hafeez Kamran
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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26
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Zhang Z, Jing Y, Zhang A, Liu J, Yang H, Lou X, Xu L, Liu M, Zhang Y, Gu J. Long non-coding RNA-NONMMMUT004552.2 regulates the unloading-induced bone loss through the miRNA-15b-5p/Syne1 in mice. NPJ Microgravity 2024; 10:37. [PMID: 38521778 PMCID: PMC10960867 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00382-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise-induced mechanical loading can increase bone strength whilst mechanical unloading enhances bone-loss. Here, we investigated the role of lncRNA NONMMUT004552.2 in unloading-induced bone-loss. Knockout of lncRNA NONMMUT004552.2 in hindlimb-unloaded mice caused an increase in the bone formation and osteoblast activity. The silencing of lncRNA NONMMUT004552.2 also decreased the osteoblast apoptosis and expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3, increased Bcl-2 protein expression in MC3T3-E1 cells. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that NONMMUT004552.2 functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to facilitate the protein expression of spectrin repeat containing, nuclear envelope 1 (Syne1) by competitively binding miR-15b-5p and subsequently inhibits the osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in the microgravity unloading environment. These data highlight the importance of the lncRNA NONMMUT004552.2/miR-15b-5p/Syne1 axis for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Department of Medical Engineering, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yu Jing
- Department of Haematology, The Fifth Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Ang Zhang
- Department of Hematology, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - JiShan Liu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Heming Yang
- Department of General Surgery, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaotong Lou
- Department of Research, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Liyan Xu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Min Liu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yikun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jianwen Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, 100101, China.
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27
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Parham N, Rahimi K, Ghotbeddin Z, Tabandeh MR. Fish oil ameliorates ethanol-induced gastric injury in rat by modulating gene related to apoptosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6193. [PMID: 38486044 PMCID: PMC10940715 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56647-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric ulcers are a type of digestive disease that can severely affect a person's quality of life. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of fish oil on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats, with the purpose of providing more comprehensive information on the topic. The study looked at various factors such as gastric ulcer index, and nitric oxide (NO) levels in stomach tissue. To investigate apoptosis, the mRNA levels of Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase 3 were analyzed. The results showed that fish oil can reduce gastric acidity and the gastric ulcer index in cases of ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. It was found that fish oil can increase NO levels and improve the anti-apoptotic system by increasing the expression of Bcl-2 while decreasing the expression of Bax and Caspase 3. In general, the study demonstrates that fish oil can protect the stomach from ethanol-induced damage by reducing the apoptosis pathway via nitric oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoo Parham
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kaveh Rahimi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Ghotbeddin
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
- Stem Cells and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Tabandeh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
- Stem Cells and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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28
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Wang F, Shang Y. Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing 2, a potential target of D-tryptophan in asthma treatment, regulates T helper cell type 1/2 balance. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111581. [PMID: 38310765 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease. D-tryptophan (D-TRP) can inhibit allergic airway inflammation and T helper cell type 2 (Th2) immune response. RNA-sequencing results have indicated that radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing 2 (RSAD2) might be a potential molecular target of D-TRP in asthma treatment. Herein, we established a mouse model of asthma using ovalbumin (OVA) via intraperitoneal injection and inhalational challenge. Gain- and loss-of-function studies of RSAD2 were performed in mice following the intratracheal delivery of lentiviral vectors (3 × 106 TU/mL). Naïve CD-4+ T cells were isolated from the spleen and used to explore the effects of RSAD2 on Th2 cell differentiation. RSAD2 expression was higher in the asthma group than in the control group. RSAD2 knockdown alleviated inflammatory cell infiltration and reduced the number of goblet cells. Low RSAD2 expression decreased the levels of IgE, IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP, and it reduced the number of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. RSAD2 silencing suppressed Th2-related cytokine levels (such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) and increased Th1-related cytokine levels (such as IFN-γ). Additionally, RSAD2 knockdown inhibited the phosphorylation of JAK1, JAK3, and STAT6, and downregulated GATA-3 expression. RSAD2 overexpression increased inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus secretion in the lung tissues of mice pretreated with D-TRP. D-TRP pretreatment reduced OVA-specific IgE content and IL-4 and IL-5 levels, and it increased the IFN-γ levels; however, RSAD2 overexpression reversed these effects. In conclusion, RSAD2 knockdown can mitigate OVA-induced asthma by regulating the Th2 immune response via JAK/STAT6 pathway inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yunxiao Shang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
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Patil JD, Fredericks S. The role of adipokines in osteoporosis management: a mini review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1336543. [PMID: 38516409 PMCID: PMC10956128 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1336543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of osteoporosis has been on the rise globally. With ageing populations, research has sought therapeutic solutions in novel areas. One such area is that of the adipokines. Current literature points to an important role for these chemical mediators in relation to bone metabolism. Well-established adipokines have been broadly reported upon. These include adiponectin and leptin. However, other novel adipokines such as visfatin, nesfatin-1, meteorin-like protein (Metrnl), apelin and lipocalin-2 are starting to be addressed pre-clinically and clinically. Adipokines hold pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties that influence the pathophysiology of various bone diseases. Omentin-1 and vaspin, two novel adipokines, share cardioprotective effects and play essential roles in bone metabolism. Studies have reported bone-protective effects of omentin-1, whilst others report negative associations between omentin-1 and bone mineral density. Lipocalin-2 is linked to poor bone microarchitecture in mice and is even suggested to mediate osteoporosis development from prolonged disuse. Nesfatin-1, an anorexigenic adipokine, has been known to preserve bone density. Animal studies have demonstrated that nesfatin-1 treatment limits bone loss and increases bone strength, suggesting exogenous use as a potential treatment for osteopenic disorders. Pre-clinical studies have shown adipokine apelin to have a role in bone metabolism, mediated by the enhancement of osteoblast genesis and the inhibition of programmed cell death. Although many investigations have reported conflicting findings, sufficient literature supports the notion that adipokines have a significant influence on the metabolism of bone. This review aims at highlighting the role of novel adipokines in osteoporosis while also discussing their potential for treating osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salim Fredericks
- The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland – Medical University of Bahrain, Al Sayh, Bahrain
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30
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Cui Y, Man S, Tao J, Liu Y, Ma L, Guo L, Huang L, Liu C, Gao W. The lipid droplet in cancer: From being a tumor-supporting hallmark to clinical therapy. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14087. [PMID: 38247395 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abnormal lipid metabolism, one of the hallmarks in cancer, has gradually emerged as a novel target for cancer treatment. As organelles that store and release excess lipids, lipid droplets (LDs) resemble "gears" and facilitate cancer development in the body. AIM This review discusses the life cycle of LDs, the relationship between abnormal LDs and cancer hallmarks, and the application of LDs in theragnostic and clinical contexts to provide a contemporary understanding of the role of LDs in cancer. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and SPORTDiscus. Retrieve and summarize clinical trials of drugs that target proteins associated with LD formation using the Clinical Trials website. Create a schematic diagram of lipid droplets in the tumor microenvironment using Adobe Illustrator. CONCLUSION As one of the top ten hallmarks of cancer, abnormal lipid metabolism caused by excessive generation of LDs interrelates with other hallmarks. The crosstalk between excessive LDs and intracellular free fatty acids (FFAs) promotes an inflammatory environment that supports tumor growth. Moreover, LDs contribute to cancer metastasis and cell death resistance in vivo. Statins, as HMGCR inhibitors, are promising to be the pioneering commercially available anti-cancer drugs that target LD formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiejing Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Release Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Co and Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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31
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Salem MB, Saleh AM, Seif El-Din SH, Samir S, Hammam OA, El-Lakkany NM. Molecular docking, characterization, ADME/toxicity prediction, and anti-ulcer activity of new quercetin derivatives on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 484:116880. [PMID: 38447874 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Gastric ulcer (GU) is a serious upper gastrointestinal tract disorder that affects people worldwide. The drugs now available for GU treatment have a high rate of relapses and drug interactions, as well as mild to severe side effects. As a result, new natural therapeutic medications for treating GU with fewer negative side effects are desperately needed. Because of quercetin's (QCT) diverse pharmacological effects and unique structural features, we decided to semi-synthesize new QCT derivatives and test them for antiulcer activity. Docking assays were performed on the synthesized compounds to determine their affinity for TLR-4/MD-2, MyD88/TIR, and NF-κB domains, an important inflammatory pathway involved in GU development and progression. Mice were given oral famotidine (40 mg/kg/day), QCT, QCT pentamethyl (QPM), or QCT pentaacetyl (QPA) (50 mg/kg/day) for 5 days before GU induction by a single intraperitoneal injection of indomethacin (INDO; 18 mg/kg). QPM and QPA have a stronger binding affinity for TLR-4/MD-2, MyD88/TIR and NF-κB domains than QCT. In comparison, they demonstrated the greatest reduction in ulcer score and index, gastric MDA and nitric oxide (NO) contents, MyD88 and NF-κB expressions, and gastric TLR-4 immunostaining. They also enhanced the levels of GSH, CAT, COX-1, and COX-2 in the gastric mucosa, as well as HO-1 and Nrf2 expression, with histological regression in gastric mucosal lesions, with QPA-treated mice demonstrating the best GU healing. QPA is safe against all of the target organs and adverse pathways studied, with good ADME properties. However, further in vitro experiments are necessary to demonstrate the inhibitory effects of QPM and QPA on the protein targets of interest. In addition, preclinical research on its bioavailability and safety is essential before clinical management can be undertaken. Overall, the new QPA derivative could one day serve as the basis for a new class of potential antiulcer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha B Salem
- Pharmacology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Abdulrahman M Saleh
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Safia Samir
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Olfat A Hammam
- Pathology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
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Eltahir HM. Gastroprotective Effect of Quercus infectoria Olivier Galls on Ethanol-Induced Gastritis in Rats. Cureus 2024; 16:e56459. [PMID: 38638752 PMCID: PMC11024737 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the common inflammatory disorders that substantially affects the stomach and its mucosa is gastritis. It can be induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antibiotics, alcohol, Helicobacter pylori infection, and stress. These factors affect cellular regeneration, mucus production, and bicarbonate secretion, resulting finally in inflammation and ulceration. Ethanol-induced gastritis is one of the commonly used models for studying the pathology of gastritis and investigating the effect of drugs in managing the disease. Several drugs, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), are available to control and correct the pathological signs of gastritis; however, the side effects of such drugs represent an obstacle to their applications in many cases. Quercus infectoria (QI) Olivier galls are formed as a pathological response to wasp insults to the tree. They are rich in several bioactive molecules, e.g., gallotannins that have been shown to be effective in several inflammatory conditions due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of QI gall extract (QIGE) in treating ethanol-induced gastritis in rats. To test this, 20 adult male Swiss rats were divided into four groups: healthy control, ethanol-treated (80% in water, 5 ml/kg, per oral gavage), ethanol + omeprazole (20 mg/kg, per oral gavage), and ethanol + QIGE (300 mg/kg, per oral gavage). QIGE was administered for seven days before ethanol administration, which took place three hours after the last QIGE dose. Three hours after ethanol intake, animals were euthanized, gastric content was collected, and stomach tissue was examined for macroscopic changes and then fixed to be further utilized for histological assessment by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), and Masson's trichrome staining. Ethanol treatment significantly decreased gastric pH and increased gastric acidity compared to healthy control. It also induced clear morphological and histological damage and ulceration, depleted mucus on the gastric epithelium, and induced edema and collagen deposition in gastric submucosa. The QIGE treatment ameliorated the changes in gastric pH and total acidity. It also protected stomach tissue from ethanol-induced ulceration, histopathological changes, edema, and collagen deposition. The protective effects of QIGE were comparable to those of omeprazole. In conclusion, QI gall extract possesses a promising gastroprotective effect against ethanol-induced gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Eltahir
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (Biochemistry Division), Taibah University, Medina, SAU
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Hussain M, Liu G. Eosinophilic Asthma: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Horizons. Cells 2024; 13:384. [PMID: 38474348 PMCID: PMC10931088 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a prevalent chronic non-communicable disease, affecting approximately 300 million people worldwide. It is characterized by significant airway inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, obstruction, and remodeling. Eosinophilic asthma, a subtype of asthma, involves the accumulation of eosinophils in the airways. These eosinophils release mediators and cytokines, contributing to severe airway inflammation and tissue damage. Emerging evidence suggests that targeting eosinophils could reduce airway remodeling and slow the progression of asthma. To achieve this, it is essential to understand the immunopathology of asthma, identify specific eosinophil-associated biomarkers, and categorize patients more accurately based on the clinical characteristics (phenotypes) and underlying pathobiological mechanisms (endotypes). This review delves into the role of eosinophils in exacerbating severe asthma, exploring various phenotypes and endotypes, as well as biomarkers. It also examines the current and emerging biological agents that target eosinophils in eosinophilic asthma. By focusing on these aspects, both researchers and clinicians can advance the development of targeted therapies to combat eosinophilic pathology in severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musaddique Hussain
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Gang Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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34
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Hassan SS, Aly SA, Al-Sulami AI, Albohy SAH, Salem MF, Nasr GM, Abdalla EM. Synthesis, characterization, PXRD studies, and theoretical calculation of the effect of gamma irradiation and antimicrobial studies on novel Pd(II), Cu(II), and Cu(I) complexes. Front Chem 2024; 12:1357330. [PMID: 38410818 PMCID: PMC10894937 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1357330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study is to synthesize and characterize of a new three complexes of Pd (II), Cu (II), and Cu (I) metal ions with novel ligand ((Z)-2-(phenylamino)-N'-(thiophen-2-ylmethylene)acetohydrazide) H2LB. The structural composition of new compounds was assessed using several analytical techniques including FT-IR, 1H-NMR, electronic spectra, powder X-ray diffraction, and thermal behavior analysis. The Gaussian09 program employed the Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach to optimize the geometry of all synthesized compounds, therefore obtaining the most favorable structures and crucial parameters. An investigation was conducted to examine the impact of γ-irradiation on ligands and complexes. Before and after γ-irradiation, the antimicrobial efficiency was investigated for the activity of ligands and their chelates. The Cu(I) complex demonstrated enhanced antibacterial activity after irradiation, as well as other standard medications such as ampicillin and gentamicin. Similarly, the Cu(I) complex exhibited superior activity against antifungal species relative to the standard drug Nystatin. The docking investigation utilized the target location of the topoisomerase enzyme (2xct) chain A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa S. Hassan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Samar A. Aly
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt
| | - Ahlam I. Al-Sulami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salwa A. H. Albohy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F. Salem
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt
| | - Ghada M. Nasr
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt
| | - Ehab M. Abdalla
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharga, Egypt
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Dai L, Liu B, Lin J, Jiang Y, Li Y, Yao Z, Shen S, Jiang Y, Duan Y, Li J. Long-acting anti-inflammatory injectable DEX-Gel with sustained release and self-healing properties regulates T H1/T H2 immune balance for minimally invasive treatment of allergic rhinitis. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:51. [PMID: 38321547 PMCID: PMC10845556 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02306-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent immune-related allergic disease, and corticosteroid nasal sprays serve as the primary treatment for this patient population. However, their short duration of efficacy and frequent administration pose challenges, leading to drug wastage and potential adverse effects. To overcome these limitations, we devised a novel approach to formulate DEX-Gel by incorporating dexamethasone (DEX) into a blend of Pluronic F127, stearic acid (SA), and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) to achieve sustained-release treatment for AR. RESULTS Following endoscopic injection into the nasal mucosa of AR rats, DEX-Gel exhibited sustained release over a 14-day period. In vivo trials employing various assays, such as flow cytometry (FC), demonstrated that DEX-Gel not only effectively managed allergic symptoms but also significantly downregulated helper T-cells (TH) 2 and TH2-type inflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukins 4, 5, and 13). Additionally, the TH1/TH2 cell ratio was increased. CONCLUSION This innovative long-acting anti-inflammatory sustained-release therapy addresses the TH1/TH2 immune imbalance, offering a promising and valuable approach for the treatment of AR and other inflammatory nasal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Dai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiangtao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yongquan Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhuowei Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Silin Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yiming Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yourong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Jiping Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Taheri Mirghaed M, Ghasemian SO, Mousavi Nasab SF, Rahimi K. Effects of fish oil on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats: inflammatory responses and oxidative stress. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:819-825. [PMID: 38333309 PMCID: PMC10849447 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of peptic ulcers is increasing due to lifestyle changes and harmful diets. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fish oil (FO) on gastric ulcers induced by ethanol in rats. Methods The pharmacological efficacy of FO with doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg investigated using the gastric ulcer index, the acidity of gastric secretions, pro-inflammatory cytokine assessment, and oxidative stress examination. Results Ethanol-induced gastric ulcer improves with FO 5 or 10 mg/kg pretreatment (P<0.05). FO did have acid-neutralizing activity. FO also increased the levels of glutathione and catalase and decreased the malondialdehyde levels (P<0.05). Moreover, FO reduced the levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) interleukin-6 (IL-6), through downregulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) (P<0.05). Pretreatment with FO attenuates ethanol-induced gastric ulceration. Conclusion The observed effects may be due to the role of FO in regulating gastric secretions, changes in the expression of NF-κB, and changes in the levels of oxidative stress factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kaveh Rahimi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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37
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Nazar N, Mehmood MH, Siddique R, Faisal MN. Assessment of antiarthritic potential of Asparagus dumosus using formaldehyde and CFA-induced arthritic models in rats via modulation of oxidative stress biomarkers and mRNA expression of IL-1b, IL-6, RANKL, OPG, TNF-α and COX-2. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:825-847. [PMID: 38057565 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01391-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants play a pivotal role in the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases including arthritis. Despite the traditional use of Asparagus dumosus in arthritis, it has not been studied yet for its effectiveness in arthritis. This study was aimed to explore the antiarthritic potential of A. dumosus in formaldehyde and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritic rats. Body weight, arthritic index, hepatic oxidative stress, hematological, biochemical and inflammatory markers were assessed using ELISA, whilst qRT-PCR studies were carried out for the mRNA expression of IL-1b, IL-6, RANKL, OPG, TNF-α and COX-2 genes. GCMS and HPLC analysis were performed to identify the secondary metabolites of A. dumosus. From day 8 to 28 post-administration of formaldehyde and CFA, oral administration of A. dumosus (600, 300 and 150 mg/kg) showed a noteworthy improvement (p < 0.001) in the body weights, immune organ weights, serum levels of rheumatoid (RA) factor, C-reactive protein, TNF-α and IL-6 levels in arthritic rats similar to the effect of piroxicam and methotrexate. Subsequently, the administration of A. dumosus to formaldehyde and CFA-challenged rats, caused a marked decrease (p < 0.001) in the mRNA expression of IL-1b, IL-6, OPG, RANKL, TNF-α and COX-2 genes in treated rats. Likewise, when assessed for antioxidant potential, A. dumosus produced a pronounced (p < 0.001) reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, whilst a dose-dependent (p < 0.001) increase in catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities was recorded. GCMS profiling of A. dumosus presented benzaldehyde, 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-, 1-decanol and undecane as plant compositions, whereas HPLC fingerprinting displayed quercetin, benzaldehyde, 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-, gallic acid and cinnamic acid as plants constituents. These results depict that A. dumosus possesses anti-arthritic effect mediated possibly through attenuation of arthritic indices, chronic inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers along with down-regulation in the mRNA expression of arthritic candid genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimra Nazar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Malik Hassan Mehmood
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Rida Siddique
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Faisal
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Fatima T, Abrar H, Jahan N, Shamim S, Ahmed N, Ali AB, Begum I, Ahmed W. Molecular marker identification, antioxidant, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory responsiveness of malonic acid capped silver nanoparticle. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1319613. [PMID: 38357362 PMCID: PMC10864560 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1319613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Nano-sized silver has drawn a great deal of attention in the field of health sciences owing to its remarkable therapeutic applications. Interestingly, the method applied to synthesize nanoparticles and the choice of reagents considerably influence their therapeutic potential and toxicities. Current research has explored the toxicity, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant responses of the malonic acid-capped silver nanoparticles (MA-AgNPs (C) by using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent at low temperatures by employing both in vitro and in vivo approaches. Furthermore, it has highlighted the synergistic effect of these novel compounds with conventional anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents. Acute and sub-acute toxicity analysis performed following OECD guidelines showed that the studied MA-AgNPs (C) are safer, and prominent toxic signs have not been detected at the highest studied dose of 2,000 mg/kg. Cytotoxicity evaluation through brine shrimp lethality revealed 20% lethality at the highest concentration of 169.8 μg/mL. Significantly, positive anti-inflammatory and analgesic responses alone as well as synergism with the standard were identified through in vitro as well as in vivo methods which were more potent at a lower dose (200 mg/kg). Notably synergistic outcomes were more pronounced than individual ones, indicating their prominent effect as a feasible drug delivery system. IL-6 and TNF-α assessment in excised paw tissue through RTPCR technique further supported their anti-inflammatory potential. DPPH assay revealed eminent in vitro antioxidant activity which was further corroborated by in vivo antioxidant assessment through evaluation of SOD in excised paw tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehrim Fatima
- Department of Pharmacology, Dow College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hina Abrar
- Department of Pharmacology, Dow College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Noor Jahan
- Department of Pharmacology, Dow College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sana Shamim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dow College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nazia Ahmed
- Dow Research Institute of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Asma Basharat Ali
- Department of Anatomy, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Begum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Ahmed
- School of Public Health, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
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Yang S, Liu G, Xia X, Gan D, Xiang S, Xiang M. α-Mangostin suppresses ethanol-induced gastric ulceration by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathways and gut microbiota. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24339. [PMID: 38304797 PMCID: PMC10831614 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
α-Mangostin is a natural xanthone derivative isolated from Camellia atrophy (CA), commonly known as Lichuan black tea (LBT). The present study investigated the ameliorating effect and mechanism of α-mangostin on alcoholic gastric ulcers (GU) in rats. In vivo, α-mangostin relieved pathological symptoms. Moreover, α-mangostin regulated the activation of the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)/caspase-1 pathways. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were significantly decreased and IL-10 were increased, the microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3)-II/LC3-I ratio was increased, p62 protein expression was decreased, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) protein expression was down-regulated. The relevant mechanisms were validated using GSE-1 and RAW264.7 cells in an in vitro model. Furthermore, α-mangostin increased Ligilactobacillus and Muribaculum abundance as well as propionic acid and butyric acid contents. Therefore, α-mangostin possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and remodels intestinal flora dysbiosis through mechanisms that may involve regulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway. It also increases propionic acid and butyric acid contents. This study provides novel evidence regarding the use of α-mangostin for treating GU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suqin Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Xiankun Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Dali Gan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shijian Xiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Renmin Hosipital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Meixian Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
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Kumatia EK, Baffour PK, Bolah P. Antiarthritic and Antioxidant Activities of Antrocaryon micraster Seed Extract and Its Fractions. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 2024:8838626. [PMID: 38313833 PMCID: PMC10838207 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8838626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an incurable debilitating disease which attacks the joints and impairs quality of life. Antrocaryon micraster is used to treat RA in African traditional medicine. However, its antiarthritic activity has not been pharmacologically studied. This study, therefore, reports the antiarthritic and antioxidant activities of A. micraster seed extract and its fractions. The seed extract (ASE) was produced by Soxhlet extraction and partitioned into petroleum ether (ASEP), ethyl acetate (ASEE), and aqueous (ASEA) fractions. The total polyphenolic content, DPPH antioxidant activity, and in vitro arthritic activity using the protein denaturation assay were evaluated for ASE and its fractions. The arthritic activity of the crude extract (ASE) and its most effective fraction (ASEA), in the in vitro assay, were then evaluated against CFA-induced arthritis in rats. The polyphenolic constituent of ASE was estimated to be 13.00 ± 0.00 mg/100 mg of GAE. ASEA contained the highest quantity of polyphenolic constituents (10.76 ± 0.00 mg/100 mg of GAE) among the fractions of the extract. ASE and ASEA produced profound antioxidant activity (IC50 = 20.17 ± 1.291 and 19.35 ± 0.865, respectively) which were similar to that of ascorbic acid (IC50 = 17.35 ± 0.500) in the DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Furthermore, in vitro antiarthritic activity of ASEA was 13.63 and 5.75 times higher than the antiarthritic activity of the crude extract and diclofenac sodium, respectively. In the CFA-induced arthritis assay, both ASE and ASEA significantly (P < 0.001) inhibited cachexia, paw edema, infiltration of inflammatory cells, pannus formation, and synovium damage. These results indicate that A. micraster seed extract and its fractions possessed significant antiarthritic activity via inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation, protein denaturation, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and synovium injury due to its constituents such as polyphenols and phytosterols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Kofi Kumatia
- Department of Phytochemistry, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong, Akuapem, Ghana
- Department of Quality Management, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong, Akuapem, Ghana
| | - Prince Kyei Baffour
- Department of Phytochemistry, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong, Akuapem, Ghana
| | - Peter Bolah
- Department of Phytochemistry, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong, Akuapem, Ghana
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Alishba, Ahmed U, Taha M, Khan NA, Salar U, Khan KM, Anwar A, Siddiqui R. Potential anti-amoebic effects of synthetic 1,4-benzothiazine derivatives against Acanthamoeba castellanii. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23258. [PMID: 38205285 PMCID: PMC10776951 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A rare but lethal central nervous system disease known as granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) and potentially blinding Acanthamoeba keratitis are diseases caused by free-living Acanthamoeba. Currently, no therapeutic agent can completely eradicate or prevent GAE. Synthetic compounds are a likely source of bioactive compounds for developing new drugs. This study synthesized seventeen 1,4-benzothiazine derivatives (I -XVII) by a base-catalyzed one-pot reaction of 2-amino thiophenol with substituted bromo acetophenones. Different spectroscopic techniques, such as EI-MS, 1H-, and 13C NMR (only for the new compounds), were used for the structural characterization and conformation of compounds. These compounds were assessed for the first time against Acanthamoeba castellanii. All compounds showed anti-amoebic potential in vitro against A. castellanii, reducing its ability to encyst and excyst at 100 μM. Compounds IX, X, and XVI showed the most potent activities among all derivatives and significantly reduced the viability to 5.3 × 104 (p < 0.0003), 2 × 105 (p < 0.006), and 2.4 × 105 (p < 0.002) cells/mL, respectively. The cytotoxicity profile revealed that these molecules showed lower to moderate cytotoxicity, i.e., 36 %, 2 %, and 21 %, respectively, against human keratinocytes in vitro. These results indicate that 1,4-benzothiazines showed potent in vitro activity against trophozoites and cysts of A. castellanii. Hence, these 1,4-benzothiazine derivatives should be considered to develop new potential therapeutic agents against Acanthamoeba infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alishba
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ahmed
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Taha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Uzma Salar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Pakistan Academy of Sciences, 3-Constitution Avenue G-5/2, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayaz Anwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Shakerinasab N, Mottaghipisheh J, Eftekhari M, Sadeghi H, Bazarganipour F, Abbasi R, Doustimotlagh AH, Iriti M. The hydroalcoholic extract of Nasturtium officinale reduces oxidative stress markers and increases total antioxidant capacity in patients with asthma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116862. [PMID: 37437789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Asthma is a common chronic disease characterized by inflammation of the airways. One of the most devastating consequences of this inflammatory process is the production of reactive oxygen species responsible for oxidative stress. Nasturtium officinale commonly known as watercress has traditionally been applied in Iranian folk medicine to treat respiratory disorders and diseases mainly bronchitis and asthma. In accordance with these ethnopharmacological reports, through our previous in vivo experiment, we have confirmed significant effect of its hydroalcoholic extract in reducing lung inflammation and oxidative stress in an ovalbumin-induced asthmatic rat model. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of N. officinale hydroalcoholic extract (NOE) in patients with asthma, in order to confirm our findings of the previous performed in vivo study. MATERIAL AND METHODS The NOE capsules (500 mg) were treated twice daily for 4 weeks as a supplementary treatment in a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial in asthmatics. The primary outcome was Asthma Control Test score. The blood samples were taken at the beginning and end of the study. Then, the level of inflammatory markers, oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzyme activity were measured. RESULTS Treatment with NOE for one month caused a reduction in the levels of MDA, PCO and NO metabolite markers compared to the placebo group. In addition, FRAP levels as an indicator of total antioxidant capacity in the intervention group was significantly increased at the end of the treatment period compared to pre-treatment values. CONCLUSION Findings demonstrated that NOE may have a therapeutic effect on asthma by improving oxidative stress. However, more studies are required to support these results. Moreover, bio-assay guided fractionation and isolation approach can be conducted to identify major bioactive compound/s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Shakerinasab
- Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
| | - Javad Mottaghipisheh
- Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Mahdieh Eftekhari
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Hossein Sadeghi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Bazarganipour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
| | - Reza Abbasi
- Department of Pediatrics, Yasuj University of Medical Science, Yasuj, Iran.
| | - Amir Hossein Doustimotlagh
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Pradana AD, Kristin E, Nugrahaningsih DAA, Nugroho AK, Pinzon RT. Influence of Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 1 ( SLC22A1) Gene Polymorphism on Metformin Pharmacokinetics and HbA1c Levels: A Systematic Review. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e070823219470. [PMID: 37550919 DOI: 10.2174/1573399820666230807145202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 1 (SLC22A1, also known as OCT1) protein has a vital role in the metabolism of metformin, a first-line anti-diabetes medication. Genetic poly-morphism in SLC22A1 influences individual response to metformin. OBJECTIVE This review aims to compile the current knowledge about the effects of SLC22A1 genetic polymorphism on metformin pharmacokinetics and HbA1c levels. METHODS We followed the PRISMA 2020 standards to conduct a systematic review. We searched the publications for all appropriate evidence on the effects of SLC22A1 genetic polymorphism on metformin pharmacokinetics and HbA1c from January 2002 to December 2022. RESULTS Initial database searches identified 7,171 relevant studies. We reviewed 155 titles and abstracts after deleting duplicates. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 studies remained. CONCLUSION Three studies found that rs12208357, rs34059508, and G465R had a considerable impact (p < 0.05) on metformin pharmacokinetics, resulting in increased metformin plasma (Cmax), a higher active amount of drug in the blood (AUC), and lower volume of distribution (Vd) (p<0.05). SLC22A1 polymorphisms with effects on HbA1c include rs628031 (four of seven studies), rs622342 (four of six studies), rs594709 (one study), rs2297374, and rs1867351 (one of two studies), rs34130495 (one study), and rs11212617 (one study) (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Pradana
- Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta 55584, Indonesia
- Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - E Kristin
- Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - D A A Nugrahaningsih
- Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - A K Nugroho
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - R T Pinzon
- Medical Faculty, Duta Wacana Christian University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Ammar RB, Khalifa A, Alamer SA, Hussain SG, Hafez AM, Rajendran P. Investigation of the potential anti-urolithiatic activity of Alhagi maurorum (Boiss.) grown wild in Al-Ahsa (Eastern Province), Saudi Arabia. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e259100. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.259100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The potential of Alhagi maurorum (Boiss.) aqueous extract (AME), used in traditional medicine for treatment or prevention of urolithiasis, to dissolve calcium oxalate stones in vitro was evaluated. In order to determine the litholytic potential of the extract, Calcium oxalate urinary stones were incubated during 12 weeks under continuous shaking in the presence of AME, Rowanix or NaCl 9 g/mL solution were used as controls. After the incubation period, the residual weight of the treated calculi was determined and the rate of dissolution was calculated. The medium pH variation was measured and changes in the calcium oxalate crystals at the stone surface were assessed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed a significant dissolution effect for the extract on the kidney calculi during the experimentation period. At the end of the experiment, the percentages of calculi weight decrease were 41.23, 4.97 and 55.67% for the extract, NaCl solution and Rowanix, respectively. Gas Chromatography analysis revealed mainly the presence of the following phyto-compounds: Cyclopropenone, 2,3-diphenyl; 1-Nonadecanol; methyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside; cis-9-Hexadecenal. These compounds unarguably play crucial roles in the health care system especially in cancer treatment and many other diseases including urolithiasis. The urinary stone dissolution, independent of medium pH, could be attributed to formation of complexes between the phytochemical compounds in the extract and the calculi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebai Ben Ammar
- King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia; Center of Biotechnology, Tunisia
| | - Ashraf Khalifa
- King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia; Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | | | | | - Aly M. Hafez
- King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia; University of Siegen, Germany
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Tiwari G, Gupta M, Devhare LD, Tiwari R. Therapeutic and Phytochemical Properties of Thymoquinone Derived from Nigella sativa. Curr Drug Res Rev 2024; 16:145-156. [PMID: 37605475 DOI: 10.2174/2589977515666230811092410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nigella sativa (N. sativa), commonly known as black seed or black cumin, belongs to the family Ranunculaceae. It contains several phytoconstituents, Thymoquinone (TQ), thymol, thymohydroquinone, carvacrol, and dithymoquinone. TQ is the main phytoconstituent present in N. sativa that is used as an herbal compound, and it is widely used as an antihypertensive, liver tonic, diuretic, digestive, anti-diarrheal, appetite stimulant, analgesic, and antibacterial agent, and in skin disorders. OBJECTIVE The study focused on collecting data on the therapeutic or pharmacological activities of TQ present in N. sativa seed. METHODS Antidiabetic, anticancer, immunomodulator, analgesic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hepato-protective, renal protective, and antioxidant properties of TQ have been studied by various scientists. CONCLUSION TQ seems to have a variety of consequences on how infected cells behave at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, PSIT-Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Kanpur - Agra - Delhi, NH2, Bhauti, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 209305, India
| | - Monisha Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, PSIT-Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Kanpur - Agra - Delhi, NH2, Bhauti, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 209305, India
| | - Lalchand D Devhare
- School of Pharmacy, G H Raisoni University, Saikheda, Chhindwara, Maharashtra, 480337, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, PSIT-Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Kanpur - Agra - Delhi, NH2, Bhauti, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 209305, India
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Morsi AA, Shawky LM, Shawky TM, Bahr MH, Alnasr MTA, El Bana E. Targeting NF-κB/COX-2 signaling by soyasaponin I alleviates diclofenac-induced gastric ulceration in male albino rats. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3927. [PMID: 38269501 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Gastric ulceration is a prevalent worldwide clinical presentation due to altered gastric defense mechanisms. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are one of the common causes of gastric ulcers mediated by the release of inflammatory mediators. The study aimed to investigate the potential protective effect of soyasaponin I (soya) against diclofenac (DIC)-induced gastric ulcer in rats and to highlight the underlying mechanisms. The experiment was conducted on 40 male Wistar albino rats, equally distributed into five groups: control, DIC-induced ulcer (9 mg/kg/d, orally, twice daily for 3 days), ulcer/soya-, ulcer/ranitidine-, and ulcer/soya/selective nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor (JSH-23)-treated groups. The doses of soya, ranitidine, and JSH were 20, 25, and 5 mg/kg/d, respectively, given orally. Gastric specimens were prepared for gene and histological study and for biochemical analysis of gastric prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), oxidative markers, and inflammatory cytokines. The gastric samples were formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, and subjected to hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), PAS staining, and immunohistochemical assay for identification of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and proliferation marker (Ki67) expressions. The findings revealed decreased gastric PGE2 and altered inflammatory and oxidative markers in the ulcer model group. The H&E staining showed mucosal injury characterized by mucosal surface defects and inflammatory cell infiltrations. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry demonstrated an upregulation of NF-κB and COX-2 expression at gene/protein levels; meanwhile, Ki67 downregulation. The soya-treated group showed maintained biochemical, histological, and PCR findings comparable to the ranitidine-treated group. The JSH-23-treated group still showed partial gastric protection with biochemical and immunohistochemical changes. Soyasaponin I ameliorated DIC-induced gastric ulcers by targeting the COX-2 activity through modulation of NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Morsi
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Lamiaa M Shawky
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Tamer M Shawky
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Vision Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed H Bahr
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Vision Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Eman El Bana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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Sharma A, Goel A, Lin Z. Analysis of anti-rheumatic activity of Nyctanthes arbor-tristis via in vivo and pharmacovigilance approaches. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1307799. [PMID: 38116080 PMCID: PMC10728290 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1307799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immune-mediated disease associated with chronic inflammation of numerous joints. Nyctanthes arbor-tristis (NAT) is a traditional remedy for RA, a chronic inflammatory disorder. Aim: The current project aims to demonstrate the role of the NAT extracts in sub-acute toxicity, pharmacovigilance, and anti-rheumatic biomarkers. Method: Hydroethanolic extract (1:1) of plant leaves was prepared by using the reflux method. The safety of the dose was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats, and the anti-inflammatory effects of NAT on RA symptoms, including paw volumes, body weight, arthritic index, withdrawal latency, hematology and serological test, radiology, and histopathology, were evaluated in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)-induced arthritis Sprague-Dawley rat models. The inflammatory (TNF-α and COX-2) and anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10) were analyzed in control and experimental groups. Result: The study showed that 500 mg/kg BW NAT leaf extract was found to be least toxic without showing any subacute toxicity symptoms. The pharmacovigilance study highlighted the potential side effects of NAT, such as drowsiness, sedation, and lethargy, at high dosages. Treatment with the plant extract mitigated paw edema, restored the immune organ and body weights, and ameliorated the level of blood parameters such as hemoglobin, red blood cells, platelets, white blood cells, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), C-reactive proteins, and rheumatoid factor. Treatment with the plant extracts also reduced the level of cyclooxygenase 2 and TNF-α and increased the level of IL-10 in the serum of arthritic rats dose-dependently. Radiographic analysis of the ankle joint showed an improvement in the hind legs. Histological examination of the ankle joints revealed that the plant extract treatment decreased pannus formation, inflammation, and synovial hyperplasia in arthritic animals. Conclusion: NAT 500 mg/kg could serve as a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anjana Goel
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Zhijian Lin
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Saleem U, Chauhdary Z, Bakhtawar Z, Alqahtani J, Farrukh M, Alsharif I, Baokbah TAS, Shah MA, Blundell R, Panichayupakaranant P. Curcuminoids-enriched extract and its cyclodextrin inclusion complexes ameliorates arthritis in complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritic mice via modulation of inflammatory biomarkers and suppression of oxidative stress markers. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:3047-3062. [PMID: 37955785 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01370-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Curcuma longa extract and its marker curcuminoids have potential use in inflammatory conditions. However, curcuminoids solubility and bioavailability are major hindrances to their bioactivity. The current study investigated green extraction-based curcuminoids-enriched extract (CRE) prepared from C. longa and its cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, i.e., binary inclusion complexes (BC) and ternary inclusion complexes (TC), in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced mice for their comparative anti-arthritic efficacy. CRE, BC, and TC (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) with the standard drug diclofenac sodium (13.5 mg/kg) were orally administered to mice for 4 weeks. Variations in body weight, hematological and biochemical parameters, along with gene expression analysis of arthritis biomarkers, were studied in animals. The histopathological analysis and radiographic examination of joints were also performed. CRE, BC and TC treatment significantly restored the arthritic index, histopathology and body weight changes. The concentration of C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor and other liver function parameters were significantly recovered by curcuminoids formulations. The pro-inflammatory cytokines (NF-κB, COX-2, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) gene expression was considerably (p < 0.001) downregulated, while on the other side, the anti-inflammatory genes IL-4 and IL-10 were upregulated by the use of CRE and its complexes. The concentration of antioxidant enzymes was considerably (P < 0.001) recovered by CRE, BC and TC with marked decrease in lipid peroxidation, erosion of bone, inflammation of joints and pannus formation in comparison to arthritic control animals. Therefore, it is concluded that green CRE and its cyclodextrin formulations with enhanced solubility could be considered as an applicable therapeutic choice to treat chronic polyarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Zunera Chauhdary
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zunaira Bakhtawar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jawaher Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, 11495, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Farrukh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ifat Alsharif
- Department of Biology, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, 21955, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tourki A S Baokbah
- Department of Medical Emergency Services, College of Health Sciences-AlQunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand.
| | - Renald Blundell
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta
| | - Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand.
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellence Centre, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, 90112, Thailand.
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49
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Santibanez JF, Echeverria C, Millan C, Simon F. Transforming growth factor-beta superfamily regulates mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation: A microRNA linking. Acta Histochem 2023; 125:152096. [PMID: 37813068 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The ability to differentiate into cells of different lineages, such as bone cells, is the principal value of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which can be used with the final aim of regenerating damaged tissue. Due to its potential use and importance in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, several questions have been raised regarding the molecular mechanisms of MSC differentiation. As one of the crucial mediators in organism development, the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily directs MSCs' commitment to selecting differentiation pathways. This review aims to give an overview of the current knowledge on the mechanisms of the TGF-β superfamily in MSCs bone differentiation, with additional insight into the mutual regulation of microRNAs and TGF-β in osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Santibanez
- Group for Molecular Oncology, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 4, POB 102, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia; Integrative Center for Biology and Applied Chemistry (CIBQA), Bernardo O'Higgins University, General Gana 1780, Santiago 8370854, Chile.
| | - Cesar Echeverria
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Nanomedicine, and Genomic, Faculty of Medicine, University of Atacama, Copiapó 1532502, Chile
| | - Carola Millan
- Department of Sciences, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Adolfo Ibáñez University, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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50
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Javed E, Khan HM, Shahzad Q, Shahzad Y, Yasin H, Ul-Haq Z, Manzoor M, Ghori MU, Alanazi AM, Khan AA. Phytochemical characterization and anti-arthritic potential of Croton bonplandianus leaves extract: In-vivo and in-silico approach. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101860. [PMID: 38192284 PMCID: PMC10772243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Croton bonplandianus, a natural source traditionally used for treating various illnesses, including rheumatoid arthritis, was evaluated in this study. The effects of ethanolic extracts (CBEE) and aqueous fractions (CBAF) of C. bonplandianus leaves on arthritis-induced inflammation were studied using an albino rat model of inflammation induced by Freund's complete adjuvant. Eight test groups (n = 5 per group) and one vehicle control were used to evaluate the antiarthritic effects of different doses of CBEE and CBAF (125 mg.kg-1, 250 mg.kg-1, and 500 mg.kg-1) on days 5, 10, 15, and 20 compared to arthritic and vehicle controls. Arthritis severity was assessed using macroscopic arthritis grading, histological analysis, body weights, and paw thickness. CBEE and CBAF were found to reduce the prevalence of arthritis, increase body weight, and decrease paw inflammation compared to the vehicle control group by the 23rd day. In addition, they showed no effect on biochemical parameters, but a significant difference (p < 0.05) in hematological parameters compared to the arthritic control group. The study identified Hentriacontane compound as a potential contributor to the anti-inflammatory effect of C. bonplandianus, as it showed the lowest dock score for IL-1β and IL-6. Palmitoylethanol amide was identified as a potential contributor to the anti-inflammatory effect of TNF-α. Gene expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α was down-regulated significantly (p < 0.05) in a dose-dependent manner in all treatment groups compared to the arthritic control group. In conclusion, this study validated the anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory properties of CBEE and CBAF in a time and dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erum Javed
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceuticals & Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Majeed Khan
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceuticals & Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Qumar Shahzad
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceuticals & Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Yasser Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, Besut 22200, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Hina Yasin
- Department of pharmacognosy, Dow college of Pharmacy, Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha campus, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Mobina Manzoor
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | | | - Amer M. Alanazi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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