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Andrade GM, Campos EP, Ruiz-Rosado JDD, Canseco EGM, Lee A, Vasquez-Martinez G. Prostaglandins suppress neutrophil function after sexual intercourse and may promote urinary tract infections. Med Hypotheses 2024; 192:111481. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2024.111481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
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2
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Arto C, Rusu EC, Clavero-Mestres H, Barrientos-Riosalido A, Bertran L, Mahmoudian R, Aguilar C, Riesco D, Chicote JU, Parada D, Martínez S, Sabench F, Richart C, Auguet T. Metabolic profiling of tryptophan pathways: Implications for obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14279. [PMID: 38940215 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The rise in obesity highlights the need for improved therapeutic strategies, particularly in addressing metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We aim to assess the role of tryptophan metabolic pathways in the pathogenesis of obesity and in the different histological stages of MASLD. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used ultra-high performance liquid chromatography to quantify circulating levels of 15 tryptophan-related metabolites from the kynurenine, indole and serotonin pathways. A cohort of 76 subjects was analysed, comprising 18 subjects with normal weight and 58 with morbid obesity, these last being subclassified into normal liver (NL), simple steatosis (SS) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Then, we conducted gene expression analysis of hepatic IDO-1 and kynyrenine-3-monooxygenase (KMO). RESULTS Key findings in obesity revealed a distinct metabolic signature characterized by a higher concentration of different kynurenine-related metabolites, a decrease in indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-propionic acid, and an alteration in the serotonin pathway. Elevated tryptophan levels were associated with MASLD presence (37.659 (32.577-39.823) μM of tryptophan in NL subjects; 41.522 (38.803-45.276) μM in patients with MASLD). Overall, pathway fluxes demonstrated an induction of tryptophan catabolism via the serotonin pathway in SS subjects and into the kynurenine pathway in MASH. We found decreased IDO-1 and KMO hepatic expression in NL compared to SS. CONCLUSIONS We identified a distinctive metabolic signature in obesity marked by changes in tryptophan catabolic pathways, discernible through altered metabolite profiles. We observed stage-specific alterations in tryptophan catabolism fluxes in MASLD, highlighting the potential utility of targeting these pathways in therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Arto
- Servei Medicina Interna, Hospital Sant Pau i Santa Tecla de Tarragona, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Elena Cristina Rusu
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)-Medicina Aplicada (URV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Helena Clavero-Mestres
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)-Medicina Aplicada (URV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Andrea Barrientos-Riosalido
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)-Medicina Aplicada (URV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Laia Bertran
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)-Medicina Aplicada (URV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Razieh Mahmoudian
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)-Medicina Aplicada (URV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carmen Aguilar
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)-Medicina Aplicada (URV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - David Riesco
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)-Medicina Aplicada (URV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
- Servei Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Javier Ugarte Chicote
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)-Medicina Aplicada (URV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
- Servei Anatomia Patològica, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - David Parada
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)-Medicina Aplicada (URV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
- Servei Anatomia Patològica, Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Avinguda Doctor Josep Laporte, Reus, Spain
| | - Salomé Martínez
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)-Medicina Aplicada (URV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
- Servei Anatomia Patològica, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Fàtima Sabench
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)-Medicina Aplicada (URV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Servei de Cirurgia, Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, URV, IISPV, Avinguda Doctor Josep Laporte, Reus, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Richart
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)-Medicina Aplicada (URV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Teresa Auguet
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Grup de Recerca GEMMAIR (AGAUR)-Medicina Aplicada (URV), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain
- Servei Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
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Háznagy MB, Girst G, Vágvölgyi M, Cholke K, Krishnan SR, Gertsch J, Hunyadi A. Semisynthetic Ecdysteroid Cinnamate Esters and tert-Butyl Oxime Ether Derivatives with Trypanocidal Activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:2478-2486. [PMID: 39417525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
The parasite Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease, a neglected tropical disease that affects the lives of millions of indigenous people in Latin America. As medications to treat Chagas disease are limited to the application of benznidazole and nifurtimox, which are not ideal treatments for the chronic stage of the disease, the search for new antichagasic drug candidates is an important need. Ecdysone has previously been shown to interfere with the life cycle of T. cruzi. Here, we report the biological profiling and subsequent semisynthetic structure optimization of 47 ecdysteroids against T. cruzi with the aim of identifying selective trypanocidal ecdysteroids. Two moderately trypanocidal pharmacophores were identified: ecdysteroids containing a 6-tert-butyl oxime ether and a cinnamic ester moiety. These functional groups were combined into the structures of four new semisynthetic ecdysteroids (44-47), among which 44 exerted potent and selective trypanocidal activity (IC50 < 2 μM). Cellular infection assays showed that ecdysteroid 44 potently and efficiently inhibited amastigote replication as determined by trypomastigote release after cellular infection with an IC50 of 2.7 ± 0.1 μM. The compound was similarly potent to benznidazole (IC50 = 3.8 ± 0.7 μM) and more than 5-fold more cytotoxic toward T. cruzi over RAW264.7 host macrophages. Overall, the ecdysteroid cinnamate ester 44 is a novel trypanocidal lead structure that needs to be further characterized in follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márton B Háznagy
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Girst
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Máté Vágvölgyi
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kaushavi Cholke
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sandhya Radha Krishnan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Gertsch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Attila Hunyadi
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Natural Products, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- HUN-REN-SZTE Biologically Active Natural Products Research Group, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Shih-Chuan 1st Rd. 100, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Yang LL, Zhang XK, Cao Y, Shi LY, Xie SY, Yang YJ, Wu SJ, Sun HZ, Tang XJ, Yuan DL, Zhang D, Xu XF, Li Q, Ying XY. PARP1 acetylation at K119 is essential in regulating the progression and proliferation of cervical cancer cells. Med Oncol 2024; 41:273. [PMID: 39400626 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02315-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer, CC, is one of the malignant cancers in women worldwide. Many studies about the genesis and progression of CC have been done at genomic, transcriptional, translational, and epigenetic levels. However, much less is done at post-translational modification (PTM) level. We first used pan-PTM antibodies to compare the pan PTM levels between clinical normal cervical tissues and CC tissues; we then sent the selected samples for label-free identification of acetylation sites. Next, we employed WT or K119A mutant PARP1-EGFP-STREPII plasmid transfection in Hela cells and examined various indexes including colony formation, wound healing, ROS generation, early apoptosis, and immunofluorescence and quantification of proliferation markers (Ki67, PCNA, and p-P53). Last, we examined the levels of multiple important kinases regulating cervical cancer progression. We found that pan-acetylation was the most downregulated in clinical CC samples, whereas the acetylation of PARP1, Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1, was upregulated at K119. Next, we showed that PARP1-WT overexpression significantly suppressed the proliferation and progression in CC cell line Hela, while K119A overexpression didn't show any impact. Finally, PARP1-WT overexpression significantly decreased p-ERK1/2 while didn't affect the phosphorylation levels of other important kinases such as AKT, MTOR, and RPS6. This study discovered a new type of PTM of PARP1 in CC, and showed that PARP1 acetylation at K119 is essential in regulating the proliferation and progression of CC through ERK1/2. Further studies are required to investigate how PARP1 acetylation impact its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjia Garden, Nanjing, 210029, China
- Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 366 Taihu Road, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Xue-Ke Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Cao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjia Garden, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Li-Ya Shi
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai East Hospital Ji'an Hospital, Ji'an, 343006, China
| | - Shi-Ya Xie
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave., Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yan-Jie Yang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave., Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Shao-Jun Wu
- Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 366 Taihu Road, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Hong-Zhan Sun
- Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 366 Taihu Road, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Xue-Jun Tang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjia Garden, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Dong-Lan Yuan
- Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 366 Taihu Road, Taizhou, 225300, China.
| | - Dong Zhang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave., Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Xiao-Feng Xu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, 123 Tianfei Lane, Mochou Road, Nanjing, 210018, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Ying
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjia Garden, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Yin P, Su Z, Shu X, Dong Z, Tian Y. Role of TREM2 in immune and neurological diseases: Structure, function, and implications. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 143:113286. [PMID: 39378652 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (TREM2), a transmembrane receptor initially linked to neurodegenerative diseases, has recently emerged as a key player in conditions such as obesity and cancer. This review explores the structure, function, and mechanisms of TREM2 across these diverse pathological contexts, with a particular focus on its critical roles in immune regulation and neuroprotection. TREM2 primarily modulates cellular activity by binding extracellular ligands, thereby activating downstream signaling pathways and exerting immunomodulatory effects. Additionally, the therapeutic potential of targeting TREM2 is discussed, emphasizing its promise as a future treatment strategy for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yin
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaozheng Shu
- BioRegen Biomedical (Changzhou, Jiangsu) Co., Ltd, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213125, China
| | - Zhifeng Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, 224000, China.
| | - Yu Tian
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Napiórkowska-Baran K, Doligalska A, Drozd M, Czarnowska M, Łaszczych D, Dolina M, Szymczak B, Schmidt O, Bartuzi Z. Management of a Patient with Cardiovascular Disease Should Include Assessment of Primary and Secondary Immunodeficiencies: Part 2-Secondary Immunodeficiencies. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1977. [PMID: 39408157 PMCID: PMC11477378 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12191977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common chronic diseases, generating high social and economic costs. Secondary immunodeficiencies occur more often than primary ones and may result from the co-occurrence of specific diseases, treatment, nutrient deficiencies and non-nutritive bio-active compounds that result from the industrial nutrient practices. OBJECTIVES The aim of this article is to present selected secondary immunodeficiencies and their impact on the cardiovascular system. RESULTS The treatment of a patient with cardiovascular disease should include an assess-ment for immunodeficiencies, because the immune and cardiovascular systems are closely linked. CONCLUSIONS Immune system dysfunctions can significantly affect the course of cardiovascular diseases and their treatment. For this reason, comprehensive care for a patient with cardiovascular disease requires taking into account potential immunodeficiencies, which can have a significant impact on the patient's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Napiórkowska-Baran
- Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Agata Doligalska
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.D.); (M.D.); (M.C.); (D.Ł.); (M.D.); (B.S.); (O.S.)
| | - Magdalena Drozd
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.D.); (M.D.); (M.C.); (D.Ł.); (M.D.); (B.S.); (O.S.)
| | - Marta Czarnowska
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.D.); (M.D.); (M.C.); (D.Ł.); (M.D.); (B.S.); (O.S.)
| | - Dariusz Łaszczych
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.D.); (M.D.); (M.C.); (D.Ł.); (M.D.); (B.S.); (O.S.)
| | - Marcin Dolina
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.D.); (M.D.); (M.C.); (D.Ł.); (M.D.); (B.S.); (O.S.)
| | - Bartłomiej Szymczak
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.D.); (M.D.); (M.C.); (D.Ł.); (M.D.); (B.S.); (O.S.)
| | - Oskar Schmidt
- Student Research Club of Clinical Immunology, Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (A.D.); (M.D.); (M.C.); (D.Ł.); (M.D.); (B.S.); (O.S.)
| | - Zbigniew Bartuzi
- Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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de Alba-Alvarado MC, Cabrera-Bravo M, Zenteno E, Salazar-Schetino PM, Bucio-Torres MI. The Functions of Cytokines in the Cardiac Immunopathogenesis of Chagas Disease. Pathogens 2024; 13:870. [PMID: 39452741 PMCID: PMC11510034 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13100870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease is a complex zoonosis. Clinically, it presents in two distinct phases, acute and chronic. The ability of patients to respond to Trypanosoma cruzi infection depends on the balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses, in which cytokines play a key regulatory role. In this review, we discuss the role of cytokines in regulating the host response and as mediators of cardiac injury by inducing profibrotic alterations. The importance of characterizing cytokine profiles as biomarkers of the evolution of cardiac damage in T.-cruzi-infected individuals is also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Citlalli de Alba-Alvarado
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad México 04510, Mexico; (M.C.-B.); (P.M.S.-S.)
| | - Margarita Cabrera-Bravo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad México 04510, Mexico; (M.C.-B.); (P.M.S.-S.)
| | - Edgar Zenteno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Paz María Salazar-Schetino
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad México 04510, Mexico; (M.C.-B.); (P.M.S.-S.)
| | - Martha Irene Bucio-Torres
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad México 04510, Mexico; (M.C.-B.); (P.M.S.-S.)
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8
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Fiorucci S, Urbani G, Biagioli M, Sepe V, Distrutti E, Zampella A. Bile acids and bile acid activated receptors in the treatment of Covid-19. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 228:115983. [PMID: 38081371 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Since its first outbreak in 2020, the pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the death of almost 7 million people worldwide. Vaccines have been fundamental in disease prevention and to reduce disease severity especially in patients with comorbidities. Nevertheless, treatment of COVID-19 has been proven difficult and several approaches have failed to prevent disease onset or disease progression, particularly in patients with comorbidities. Interrogation of drug data bases has been widely used since the beginning of pandemic to repurpose existing drugs/natural substances for the prevention/treatment of COVID-19. Steroids, including bile acids such as ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) have shown to be promising for their potential in modulating SARS-CoV-2/host interaction. Bile acids have proven to be effective in preventing binding of spike protein with the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme II (ACE2), thus preventing virus uptake by the host cells and inhibiting its replication, as well as in indirectly modulating immune response. Additionally, the two main bile acid activated receptors, GPBAR1 and FXR, have proven effective in modulating the expression of ACE2, suggesting an indirect role for these receptors in regulating SARS-CoV-2 infectiveness and immune response. In this review we have examined how the potential of bile acids and their receptors as anti-COVID-19 therapies and how these biochemical mechanisms translate into clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Fiorucci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Ginevra Urbani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michele Biagioli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Valentina Sepe
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Angela Zampella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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9
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Elvir-Lazo OL, Romero-Navarro AL, White PF. Update on the potential adverse effects of preoperative herbal medication use during the perioperative period. J Clin Anesth 2024; 97:111553. [PMID: 39059275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2024.111553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul F White
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; White Mountain Institute, The Sea Ranch, CA 95497, USA.
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10
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Yadlapati S, Sánchez-Luna SA, Gromski MA, Mulki R. Managing the Bariatric Surgery Patient: Presurgery and Postsurgery Considerations. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2024; 34:627-638. [PMID: 39277295 DOI: 10.1016/j.giec.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has extensive health repercussions, and bariatric surgery remains a viable solution to address this issue. This article focuses on the preoperative and postoperative management strategies required to achieve successful and durable outcomes in bariatric surgery patients. Preoperative assessment includes appropriate patient selection, psychosocial evaluation, nutritional analysis, and behavioral/medical counseling. Postoperative assessment includes immediate perioperative care, diet transition, nutritional needs management, and handling of complications associated with bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujani Yadlapati
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, 550 University Boulevard, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sergio A Sánchez-Luna
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Alabama, Heersink School of Medicine, 1720 university Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Mark A Gromski
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, 550 University Boulevard, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ramzi Mulki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Alabama, Heersink School of Medicine, 1720 university Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Ahmed S, Rafi UM, Senthil Kumar R, Bhat AR, Berredjem M, Niranjan V, C L, Rahiman AK. Theoretical, antioxidant, antidiabetic and in silico molecular docking and pharmacokinetics studies of heteroleptic oxovanadium(IV) complexes of thiosemicarbazone-based ligands and diclofenac. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:8407-8426. [PMID: 37599509 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2246565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
A series of new heteroleptic oxovanadium(IV) complexes with the general formula [VOL1-6(Dcf)] (1-6), where L1-6 = thiosemicarbazone (TSC)-based ligands and Dcf = diclofenac have been synthesized and characterized. The spectral studies along with the density functional theory calculations evidenced the distorted square-pyramidal geometry around oxovanadium(IV) ion through imine nitrogen and thione sulfur atoms of TSC moiety, and two asymmetric carboxylate oxygen atoms of diclofenac drug. The complexes were evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity using 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide radical scavenging assays with respect to the standard antioxidant drugs butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and rutin. The in vitro antidiabetic activity of the complexes was tested with enzymes such as α-amylase, α-glucosidase and glucose-6-phosphatase. The complexes containing methyl substituent showed higher activity than that containing the nitro substituent due to the electron-donating effect of methyl group. The in silico molecular docking studies of the oxovanadium(IV) complexes with α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes showed strong interaction via hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. The dynamic behavior of the proposed complexes was analyzed by molecular dynamics (MDs) simulations, which revealed the stability of docked structures with α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. The in silico physicochemical and pharmacokinetics parameters, such as Lipinski's 'rule of five', Veber's rule and absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) properties predicted non-toxic, non-carcinogenic and safe oral administration of the synthesized complexes.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeer Ahmed
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Ummer Muhammed Rafi
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Raju Senthil Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengodu, India
| | - Ajmal Rashid Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, India
| | - Malika Berredjem
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry LCOA, Synthesis of Biomolecules and Molecular Modelling Group, Badji-Mokhtar-Annaba University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Vidya Niranjan
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
| | - Lavanya C
- Department of Biotechnology, RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
| | - Aziz Kalilur Rahiman
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), University of Madras, Chennai, India
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Abbas A, Almaghrbi H, Giordo R, Zayed H, Pintus G. Pathogenic mechanisms, diagnostic, and therapeutic potential of microvesicles in diabetes and its complications. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 761:110168. [PMID: 39349130 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly microvesicles (MVs), have gained significant attention for their role as mediators of intercellular communication in both physiological and pathological contexts, including diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the emerging roles of MVs in the pathogenesis of diabetes and associated complications such as nephropathy, retinopathy, cardiomyopathy, and neuropathy. MVs, through their cargo of proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and miRNAs, regulate critical processes like inflammation, oxidative stress, immune responses, and tissue remodeling, all of which contribute to the progression of diabetes and its complications. We examine the molecular mechanisms underlying MVs' involvement in these pathological processes and discuss their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic tools, particularly for drug delivery. Despite promising evidence, challenges remain in isolating and characterizing MVs, understanding their molecular mechanisms, and validating them for clinical use. Advanced techniques such as single-cell RNA sequencing and proteomics are required to gain deeper insights. Improved isolation and purification methods are essential for translating MVs into clinical applications, with potential to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Abbas
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Heba Almaghrbi
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Roberta Giordo
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, 505055, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, University City Rd, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates.
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13
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Onuma S, Kawai M. Circadian Regulatory Networks of Glucose Homeostasis and Its Disruption as a Potential Cause of Undernutrition. Endocrinology 2024; 165:bqae126. [PMID: 39276035 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqae126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
The circadian clock system, an evolutionarily conserved mechanism, orchestrates diurnal rhythms in biological activities such as behavior and metabolism, aligning them with the earth's 24-hour light/dark cycle. This synchronization enables organisms to anticipate and adapt to predictable environmental changes, including nutrient availability. However, modern lifestyles characterized by irregular eating and sleeping habits disrupt this synchrony, leading to metabolic disorders such as obesity and metabolic syndrome, evidenced by higher obesity rates among shift workers. Conversely, circadian disturbances are also associated with reduced nutrient absorption and an increased risk of malnutrition in populations such as the critically ill or the elderly. The precise mechanisms of these disturbances in leading to either overnutrition or undernutrition is complex and not yet fully understood. Glucose, a crucial energy source, is closely linked to obesity when consumed excessively and to weight loss when intake is reduced, which suggests that circadian regulation of glucose metabolism is a key factor connecting circadian disturbances with nutritional outcomes. In this review, we describe how the biological clock in various tissues regulates glucose metabolism, with a primary focus on studies utilizing animal models. Additionally, we highlight current clinical evidence supporting the association between circadian disturbance and glucose metabolism, arguing that such disruption could predominantly contribute to undernutrition due to impaired efficient utilization of nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Onuma
- Department of Bone and Mineral Research, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, 594-1101, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kawai
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Endocrinology, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, 594-1101, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Endocrinology, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, 594-1101, Osaka, Japan
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Arteaga-Pazmiño C, Fonseca-Pérez D, Balladares Mazzini M, Galvez-Celi J, Emén Sánchez J, Álvarez-Córdova L. Association between dynapenic obesity phenotypes and physical performance in middle-age and older women living in community. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1480284. [PMID: 39385775 PMCID: PMC11461314 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1480284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dynapenic obesity (DO) is the coexistence of excess adipose tissue/body weight and low muscle strength. This condition is associated with an increased risk of suffering from various chronic diseases and physical deterioration in older people. Aim To analyze the association between DO phenotypes and physical performance in middle-aged women living in the community. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on middle-aged and older women (≥50 years) residing in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Dynapenia was diagnosticated by a handgrip strength (HGS) < 16 kg; obesity was determined based on body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2. Participants were categorized into four groups based on their dynapenia and obesity status: non-dynapenic/non-obesity (ND/NO), obesity/non-dynapenic (O/ND), dynapenic/non-obesity (D/NO) and dynapenic/obesity (D/O). Physical performance was assessed by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Results A total of 171 women were assessed. The median (IQR) age of the sample was 72.0 (17.0) years. Obesity and dynapenia were 35% (n = 60) and 57.8% (n = 99) of the participants, respectively. The prevalence of ND/NO was 25.1% (n = 43), O/ND 17% (n = 29), D/NO 39.8% (n = 68) and DO 18.1% (n = 31). The mean SPPB total score was 6.5 ± 3.2. Participants of D/NO and DO groups presented significantly lower mean SPPB scores (p < 0.001) compared to those of NO/ND and O/ND groups. Conclusion Women with DO and D/NO exhibited significantly lower SPPB scores, indicating poorer physical performance. These findings emphasize the importance of incorporating a comprehensive assessment of muscle strength and obesity in middle-aged and older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Arteaga-Pazmiño
- Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Diana Fonseca-Pérez
- Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | | | - Javier Galvez-Celi
- Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Janet Emén Sánchez
- Carrera de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Ludwig Álvarez-Córdova
- Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador
- Maestría de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Las Américas (UDLA), Quito, Ecuador
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15
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Lysaght J, Conroy MJ. The multifactorial effect of obesity on the effectiveness and outcomes of cancer therapies. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2024:10.1038/s41574-024-01032-5. [PMID: 39313571 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-01032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Epidemiology studies have demonstrated a clear association between obesity and the development of several distinct malignancies, with excessive visceral adiposity being an increasingly prevalent feature in patients with cancer presenting for therapeutic intervention. Clinical trials and meta-analyses have helped to inform effective and safe dosing of traditional systemically administered anticancer agents in adult patients with cancer and obesity, but there remains much debate not only regarding the effect of obesity on the more novel targeted molecular and immune-based therapies, but also about how obesity is best defined and measured clinically. Low muscle mass is associated with poor outcomes in cancer, and body composition studies using biochemical and imaging modalities are helping to fully delineate the importance of both obesity and sarcopenia in clinical outcomes; such studies might also go some way to explaining how obesity can paradoxically be associated with favourable clinical outcomes in certain cancers. As the cancer survivorship period increases and the duration of anticancer treatment lengthens, this Review highlights the challenges facing appropriate treatment selection and emphasizes how a multidisciplinary approach is warranted to manage weight and skeletal muscle loss during and after cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Lysaght
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Group, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Melissa J Conroy
- Cancer Immunology Research Group, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute and Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Hernández-Huerta MT, Martínez-Cruz R, Pérez-Campos Mayoral L, Pina-Canseco MDS, Solórzano-Mata CJ, Martínez-Cruz M, Vásquez Martínez IP, Zenteno E, Laguna Barrios LÁ, Matias-Cervantes CA, Pérez-Campos Mayoral E, Pérez-Campos E. Association between O-GlcNAc levels and platelet function in obese insulin-resistant subjects. Glycoconj J 2024:10.1007/s10719-024-10164-9. [PMID: 39300054 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-024-10164-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is an epidemic associated with platelet and vascular disorders. Platelet O-GlcNAcylation has been poorly studied in obese subjects. We aimed to evaluate O-linked N-acetyl-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) levels and platelet activity in obese insulin-resistant (ObIR) subjects. Six healthy and six insulin-resistant obese subjects with a body mass index of 22.6 kg/m2 (SD ± 2.2) and 35.6 kg/m2 (SD ± 3.8), respectively, were included. Flow cytometry was used to measure markers of platelet activity, expression of P-selectin (CD62P antibody), glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (integrins αIIbβ3 binding to PAC-1 antibody), and thrombin stimulation. O-GlcNAc was determined in the platelets of all test subjects by cytofluometry, intracellular calcium, percentage of platelet aggregation, and immunofluorescence microscopy and Western blot were used to assess O-GlcNAc and OGT (O-GlcNAc transferase) in platelets. Platelets from ObIR subjects had on average 221.4 nM intracellular calcium, 81.89% PAC-1, 22.85% CD62P, 57.48% OGT, and 66.62% O-GlcNAc, while platelets from healthy subjects had on average 719.2 nM intracellular calcium, 4.99% PAC-1, 3.17% CD62P, 18.38% OGT, and 23.41% O-GlcNAc. ObIR subjects showed lower platelet aggregation than healthy subjects, 13.83% and 54%, respectively. The results show that ObIR subjects have increased O-GlcNAc, and increased intraplatelet calcium associated with platelet hyperactivity and compared to healthy subjects, suggesting that changes in platelet protein O-GlcNAcylation and platelet activity might serve as a possible prognostic tool for insulin resistance, prediabetes and its progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruth Martínez-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Facultad de Medicina UNAM-UABJO, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, 68020, México
| | - Laura Pérez-Campos Mayoral
- Centro de Investigación Facultad de Medicina UNAM-UABJO, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, 68020, México
| | - María Del Socorro Pina-Canseco
- Centro de Investigación Facultad de Medicina UNAM-UABJO, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, 68020, México
| | - Carlos Josué Solórzano-Mata
- Centro de Investigación Facultad de Medicina UNAM-UABJO, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, 68020, México
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Oaxaca City, 68120, México
| | | | - Itzel Patricia Vásquez Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Facultad de Medicina UNAM-UABJO, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, 68020, México
| | - Edgar Zenteno
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04360, México
| | - Luis Ángel Laguna Barrios
- Centro de Investigación Facultad de Medicina UNAM-UABJO, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, 68020, México
| | | | - Eduardo Pérez-Campos Mayoral
- Centro de Investigación Facultad de Medicina UNAM-UABJO, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma "Benito Juárez" de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, 68020, México
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Campos
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Oaxaca, Oaxaca, 68030, México.
- Laboratorio de Patología Clínica, "Dr. Eduardo Pérez Ortega,", Oaxaca, 68000, México.
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Drożdżyński P, Rutkowska N, Rodziewicz M, Marchut-Mikołajczyk O. Bioactive Compounds Produced by Endophytic Bacteria and Their Plant Hosts-An Insight into the World of Chosen Herbaceous Ruderal Plants in Central Europe. Molecules 2024; 29:4456. [PMID: 39339451 PMCID: PMC11433698 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29184456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The natural environment has been significantly impacted by human activity, urbanization, and industrialization, leading to changes in living organisms and their adaptation to harsh conditions. Species, including plants, adapt to these changes by creating mechanisms and modifications that allow them to survive in harsh environments. Also, endophytes, microorganisms that live inside plants, can support plant growth and defense mechanisms in these conditions by synthesizing antimicrobial secondary metabolites. What is more, endophytes produce bioactive metabolites, including alkaloids, amines, and peptides, which play a crucial role in the relationship between endophytes and their host organisms. Endophytes themselves benefit from this by creating a stable environment for their survival and development. The aim of this review is to gain insight into endophytic bioactive metabolites from chosen synanthropic ruderal plants. Industrial activities release pollutants like heavy metals, by-products, and waste, which challenge living organisms and require adaptation. Synanthropic plants, where endophytes are abundant, are particularly valuable for their bioactive compounds, which are used in agriculture and medicine. This review presents, among others, endophytes of herbaceous ruderal plants from central Europe-Chelidonium majus L., Urtica dioica L., Plantago lanceolata L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Equisetum arvense L., Oenothera biennis L., Silybum marianum L., and Mentha piperita L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Drożdżyński
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537 Lodz, Poland; (N.R.); (M.R.); (O.M.-M.)
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Zhang D, Zeng Y, Sun B, Li W, Liu W, Gao H, Zhu Y, Li H, Chen Q. Inflammatory indices-Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and Systemic Inflammatory Response Index (SIRI)-during Pregnancy and Associations with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:6521-6532. [PMID: 39310897 PMCID: PMC11416769 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s474154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent complication during pregnancy. This study aimed to explore the associations between inflammatory indices during pregnancy and the development of GDM. Methods Data from the Fujian Birth Cohort Study between March 2019 and December 2022 were used. Participants who delivered a live-born singleton were included and categorized into GDM and non-GDM groups. Two inflammatory indices, the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), were calculated for each trimester of pregnancy via hematological parameters from complete blood count tests. The distributions of inflammatory indicators across trimesters were compared between the GDM and non-GDM groups. Additionally, multivariable logistic regression models were employed to investigate the associations between inflammatory indices and the incidence of GDM. Results A total of 17297 participants were included, 21.2% of whom were diagnosed with GDM. In the first trimester, the median SIIs for the GDM and non-GDM groups were 817.7×109/L and 756.9×109/L, respectively, whereas the median SIRIs were 1.6×109/L and 1.5×109/L, respectively. In both groups, the SII increased to its peak in the second trimester before declining, whereas the SIRI progressively increased throughout pregnancy. The SII and SIRI were greater in the GDM group than in the non-GDM group during the first two trimesters but lower in the third trimester. Nonlinear positive associations between first-trimester SII and SIRI levels and GDM were observed, with extreme quartile odds ratios of 1.32 (95% CI: 1.19, 1.48) and 1.39 (95% CI: 1.24, 1.55), respectively. Conclusion The SII and SIRI increased and reached their peak values in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, respectively. Elevated levels of the SII and SIRI in early pregnancy were linked to an increased risk of GDM, suggesting their potential utility as screening tools for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Children’s Hospital (Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center), College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yating Zeng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Children’s Hospital (Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center), College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Sun
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Gao
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yibing Zhu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haibo Li
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Fujian Children’s Hospital (Fujian Branch of Shanghai Children’s Medical Center), College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Vásquez Martínez IP, Pérez-Campos E, Pérez-Campos Mayoral L, Cruz Luis HI, Pina Canseco MDS, Zenteno E, Bazán Salinas IL, Martínez Cruz M, Pérez-Campos Mayoral E, Hernández-Huerta MT. O-GlcNAcylation: Crosstalk between Hemostasis, Inflammation, and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9896. [PMID: 39337387 PMCID: PMC11432004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc, O-GlcNAcylation) is a post-translational modification of serine/threonine residues of proteins. Alterations in O-GlcNAcylation have been implicated in several types of cancer, regulation of tumor progression, inflammation, and thrombosis through its interaction with signaling pathways. We aim to explore the relationship between O-GlcNAcylation and hemostasis, inflammation, and cancer, which could serve as potential prognostic tools or clinical predictions for cancer patients' healthcare and as an approach to combat cancer. We found that cancer is characterized by high glucose demand and consumption, a chronic inflammatory state, a state of hypercoagulability, and platelet hyperaggregability that favors thrombosis; the latter is a major cause of death in these patients. Furthermore, we review transcription factors and pathways associated with O-GlcNAcylation, thrombosis, inflammation, and cancer, such as the PI3K/Akt/c-Myc pathway, the nuclear factor kappa B pathway, and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. We also review infectious agents associated with cancer and chronic inflammation and potential inhibitors of cancer cell development. We conclude that it is necessary to approach both the diagnosis and treatment of cancer as a network in which multiple signaling pathways are integrated, and to search for a combination of potential drugs that regulate this signaling network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzel Patricia Vásquez Martínez
- UNAM-UABJO Faculty of Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University "Benito Juarez" of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Campos
- National Institute of Technology of Mexico, Technological Institute of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68033, Mexico
| | - Laura Pérez-Campos Mayoral
- UNAM-UABJO Faculty of Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University "Benito Juarez" of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico
| | - Holanda Isabel Cruz Luis
- UNAM-UABJO Faculty of Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University "Benito Juarez" of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico
| | - María Del Socorro Pina Canseco
- UNAM-UABJO Faculty of Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University "Benito Juarez" of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico
| | - Edgar Zenteno
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Irma Leticia Bazán Salinas
- UNAM-UABJO Faculty of Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University "Benito Juarez" of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico
| | - Margarito Martínez Cruz
- National Institute of Technology of Mexico, Technological Institute of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68033, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Campos Mayoral
- UNAM-UABJO Faculty of Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University "Benito Juarez" of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico
| | - María Teresa Hernández-Huerta
- National Council of Humanities, Sciences and Technologies (CONAHCYT), Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University "Benito Juarez" of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68120, Mexico
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Fareed A, Ghanem L, Vaid R, Iftikhar Z, Ur Rehman A, Sarwar A, Asif MI. Charting New Territories in Obesity Management- Traditional Techniques to Tirzepatide. Endocr Pract 2024:S1530-891X(24)00670-0. [PMID: 39278353 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2024.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity, a pervasive global health challenge affecting more than 2 billion people, requires comprehensive interventions. Traditional approaches, including lifestyle modification, and diverse drugs targeting a gastrointestinal hormone, including glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 (Liraglutide, Semaglutide, Exenatide, Albiglutide, Dulaglutide, Lixisenatide, Orlistat, Phentermine/Topiramate, Lorcaserin, Sibutramine, and Rimonabant) offer tailored strategies; yet their effectiveness is limited and some drugs were taken off the market. Moreover, various surgical modalities, such as Roux-en-Y Bypass surgery, sleeve gastrectomy, intragastric balloons, biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch, laparoscopic adjustable gastric band, and vagal nerve blockade can be considered but are associated with numerous side effects and require careful monitoring. Consequently, there is a pressing need for novel anti-obesity treatments. METHODS This comprehensive review was based on the available data to discuss the traditional pharmaceutical and surgical therapeutical strategies for obesity, going further to discuss tirzepatide's mode of action, its outcomes for obesity, and the associated side effects. RESULTS In this landscape, tirzepatide, initially designed for type 2 diabetes management, emerges as a potential game-changer. Functioning as a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, it not only addresses control but also introduces a fresh perspective on weight reduction. This review intricately explores tirzepatide's mechanism, dissecting insights from clinical studies and positioning it as a major force in obesity treatment. CONCLUSIONS In the middle of significant shifts in obesity management, tirzepatide presents itself as a promising and cost-effective intervention. Its Food and Drug Administration approval marks a milestone in the realm of obesity therapeutics. Going beyond a recapitulation of findings, the conclusion emphasizes the imperative for ongoing exploration and vigilant safety monitoring in tirzepatide's application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areeba Fareed
- Department of Medicine, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Laura Ghanem
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Rayyan Vaid
- Department of Medicine, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zoha Iftikhar
- Department of Medicine, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Adeel Ur Rehman
- Department of Medicine, United Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Sarwar
- Department of Medicine, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Asif
- Department of Medicine, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
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21
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Azizi M, Mokhtari Z, Tavana S, Bemani P, Heidari Z, Ghazavi R, Rezaei M. A Comprehensive Study on the Prognostic Value and Clinicopathological Significance of Different Immune Checkpoints in Patients With Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH 2024; 101:100760. [PMID: 39434898 PMCID: PMC11492099 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2024.100760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/23/2024]
Abstract
Background The prognostic significance of immune checkpoint expression in the tumor microenvironment has been widely investigated in colorectal cancers. However, the results of these studies are inconsistent and limited to some immune checkpoints. Objective The study aimed to investigate the correlation between different immune checkpoint expression and clinicopathological features and prognostic parameters. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature in PubMed, Web of Science-Core Collection, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane databases to summarize the association between various immune checkpoints expression on both tumor cells and immune cells with clinicopathological features and prognostic parameters in patients with colorectal cancer. Results One hundred four studies incorporating 22,939 patients were included in our meta-analysis. Our results showed that among the B7 family, the high expression of B7H3, B7H4, PD-1, and PD-L1 on tumor cells and tumor tissue was significantly associated with higher T stage, advanced tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) stage, presence of vascular invasion, and lymphatic invasion. In addition, patients with high expression of B7H3, B7H4, PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 were associated with shorter overall survival. High expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in immune cells correlated with the absence of lymph node metastasis, lower TNM stage, early T stage, poor overall survival, and disease-free survival, respectively. Moreover, we found significant positive correlations between CD70 and Galectin-3 expression with advanced T stage. HLA-II overexpression was correlated with the absence of lymph node metastasis (odds ratio = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.11-0.38, P < 0.001) and early TNM stage (odds ratio = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.26-0.47, P < 0.001). Conclusions Overexpression of B7H3, B7H4, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, CD70, and Galectin-3 on tumors is significantly associated with unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics and poor prognostic factors. Hence, these immune checkpoints can serve as predictive biomarkers for prognosis and the clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer because this is essential to identify patients suitable for anticancer therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Azizi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Mokhtari
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shirin Tavana
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Peyman Bemani
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Heidari
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Ghazavi
- Department of Knowledge and Information Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Gurgel AMC, Batista AL, Cavalcanti DMLDP, Magalhães A, Zantut-Wittmann DE. Sarcosine, Trigonelline and Phenylalanine as Urinary Metabolites Related to Visceral Fat in Overweight and Obesity. Metabolites 2024; 14:491. [PMID: 39330498 PMCID: PMC11434364 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14090491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to analyze the urinary metabolome profile of patients with obesity and overweight and relate it to different obesity profiles. This is a prospective, cross-sectional study in which patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m were selected. Anthropometric data were assessed by physical examination and body composition was obtained by bioimpedance (basal metabolic rate, body fat percentile, skeletal muscle mass, gross fat mass and visceral fat). Urine was collected for metabolomic analysis. Patients were classified according to abdominal circumference measurements between 81 and 93, 94 and 104, and >104 cm; visceral fat up to 16 kilos and less than; and fat percentiles of <36%, 36-46% and >46%. Spectral alignment of urinary metabolite signals and bioinformatic analysis were carried out to select the metabolites that stood out. NMR spectrometry was used to detect and quantify the main urinary metabolites and to compare the groups. Seventy-five patients were included, with a mean age of 38.3 years, and 72% females. The urinary metabolomic profile showed no differences in BMI, abdominal circumference and percentage of body fat. Higher concentrations of trigonelline (p = 0.0488), sarcosine (p = 0.0350) and phenylalanine (p = 0.0488) were associated with patients with visceral fat over 16 kg. The cutoff points obtained by the ROC curves were able to accurately differentiate between patients according to the amount of visceral fat: sarcosine 0.043 mg/mL; trigonelline 0.068 mg/mL and phenylalanine 0.204 mg/mL. In conclusion, higher visceral fat was associated with urinary levels of metabolites such as sarcosine, related to insulin resistance; trigonelline, related to muscle mass and strength; and phenylalanine, related to glucose metabolism and abdominal fat. Trigonelline, sarcosine and phenylalanine play significant roles in regulating energy balance and metabolic pathways essential for controlling obesity. Our findings could represent an interesting option for the non-invasive estimation of visceral fat through biomarkers related to alterations in metabolic pathways involved in the pathophysiology of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Maria Cavalcante Gurgel
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Medical Course at the Federal University of the Semi-Arid, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil; (A.M.C.G.); (A.L.B.); (D.M.L.d.P.C.)
| | - Aline Lidiane Batista
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Medical Course at the Federal University of the Semi-Arid, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil; (A.M.C.G.); (A.L.B.); (D.M.L.d.P.C.)
| | - Diogo Manuel Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Medical Course at the Federal University of the Semi-Arid, Mossoró 59625-900, RN, Brazil; (A.M.C.G.); (A.L.B.); (D.M.L.d.P.C.)
| | - Alviclér Magalhães
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil;
| | - Denise Engelbrecht Zantut-Wittmann
- Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil
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Moreira MJ, Pintado M, Almeida JMMMD. Are Aptamer-Based Biosensors the Future of the Detection of the Human Gut Microbiome?-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:423. [PMID: 39329798 PMCID: PMC11430143 DOI: 10.3390/bios14090423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome is shaped early in life by dietary and lifestyle factors. Specific compounds in the gut affect the growth of different bacterial species and the production of beneficial or harmful byproducts. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been linked to various diseases resulting from the presence of harmful bacteria and their byproducts. Existing methods for detecting microbial species, such as microscopic observation and molecular biological techniques, are costly, labor-intensive, and require skilled personnel. Biosensors, which integrate a recognition element, transducer, amplifier, signal processor, and display unit, can convert biological events into electronic signals. This review provides a comprehensive and systematic survey of scientific publications from 2018 to June 2024, obtained from ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Scopus databases. The aim was to evaluate the current state-of-the-art and identify knowledge gaps in the application of aptamer biosensors for the determination of gut microbiota. A total of 13 eligible publications were categorized based on the type of study: those using microbial bioreceptors (category 1) and those using aptamer bioreceptors (category 2) for the determination of gut microbiota. Point-of-care biosensors are being developed to monitor changes in metabolites that may lead to disease. They are well-suited for use in the healthcare system and offer an excellent alternative to traditional methods. Aptamers are gaining attention due to their stability, specificity, scalability, reproducibility, low production cost, and low immunogenicity. While there is limited research on using aptamers to detect human gut microbiota, they show promise for providing accurate, robust, and cost-effective diagnostic methods for monitoring the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Moreira
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (M.J.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Manuela Pintado
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal; (M.J.M.); (M.P.)
| | - José M. M. M. De Almeida
- INESC TEC—Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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24
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Eustes AS, Ahmed A, Swamy J, Patil G, Jensen M, Wilson KM, Kudchadkar S, Wahab A, Perepu U, Miller FJ, Lentz SR, Dayal S. Extracellular histones: a unifying mechanism driving platelet-dependent extracellular vesicle release and thrombus formation in COVID-19. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:2514-2530. [PMID: 38815756 PMCID: PMC11343660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 can cause profound inflammation and coagulopathy, and while many mechanisms have been proposed, there is no known common pathway leading to a prothrombotic state. OBJECTIVES From the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, elevated levels of extracellular histones have been found in plasma of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. We hypothesized that platelet activation triggered by extracellular histones might represent a unifying mechanism leading to increased thrombin generation and thrombosis. METHODS We utilized blood samples collected from an early clinical trial of hospitalized COVID-19 patients (NCT04360824) and recruited healthy subjects as controls. Using plasma samples, we measured the procoagulant and prothrombotic potential of circulating extracellular histones and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Platelet prothrombotic activity was assessed via thrombin generation potential and platelet thrombus growth. Circulating EVs were assessed for thrombin generation potential in vitro in plasma and enhancement of thrombotic susceptibility in vivo in mice. RESULTS Compared with controls, COVID-19 patients had elevated plasma levels of citrullinated histone H3, cell-free DNA, nucleosomes, and EVs. Plasma from COVID-19 patients promoted platelet activation, platelet-dependent thrombin generation, thrombus growth under venous shear stress, and release of platelet-derived EVs. These prothrombotic effects of COVID-19 plasma were inhibited by an RNA aptamer that neutralizes both free and DNA-bound histones. EVs isolated from COVID-19 plasma enhanced thrombin generation in vitro and potentiated venous thrombosis in mice in vivo. CONCLUSION We conclude that extracellular histones and procoagulant EVs drive the prothrombotic state in COVID-19 and that histone-targeted therapy may prove beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia S Eustes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Azaj Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jagadish Swamy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Gokul Patil
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Melissa Jensen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Katina M Wilson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Shibani Kudchadkar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Abdul Wahab
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Usha Perepu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Francis J Miller
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and VA Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Steven R Lentz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Sanjana Dayal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Iowa City VA Healthcare System, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
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Mukherjee P, Dutta J, Roy M, Thakur TK, Mitra A. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial secondary metabolites in augmenting heavy metal(loid) phytoremediation: An integrated green in situ ecorestorative technology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:55851-55894. [PMID: 39251536 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34706-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
In recent times, increased geogenic and human-centric activities have caused significant heavy metal(loid) (HM) contamination of soil, adversely impacting environmental, plant, and human health. Phytoremediation is an evolving, cost-effective, environment-friendly, in situ technology that employs indigenous/exotic plant species as natural purifiers to remove toxic HM(s) from deteriorated ambient soil. Interestingly, the plant's rhizomicrobiome is pivotal in promoting overall plant nutrition, health, and phytoremediation. Certain secondary metabolites produced by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) directly participate in HM bioremediation through chelation/mobilization/sequestration/bioadsorption/bioaccumulation, thus altering metal(loid) bioavailability for their uptake, accumulation, and translocation by plants. Moreover, the metallotolerance of the PGPR and the host plant is another critical factor for the successful phytoremediation of metal(loid)-polluted soil. Among the phytotechniques available for HM remediation, phytoextraction/phytoaccumulation (HM mobilization, uptake, and accumulation within the different plant tissues) and phytosequestration/phytostabilization (HM immobilization within the soil) have gained momentum in recent years. Natural metal(loid)-hyperaccumulating plants have the potential to assimilate increased levels of metal(loid)s, and several such species have already been identified as potential candidates for HM phytoremediation. Furthermore, the development of transgenic rhizobacterial and/or plant strains with enhanced environmental adaptability and metal(loid) uptake ability using genetic engineering might open new avenues in PGPR-assisted phytoremediation technologies. With the use of the Geographic Information System (GIS) for identifying metal(loid)-impacted lands and an appropriate combination of normal/transgenic (hyper)accumulator plant(s) and rhizobacterial inoculant(s), it is possible to develop efficient integrated phytobial remediation strategies in boosting the clean-up process over vast regions of HM-contaminated sites and eventually restore ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Mukherjee
- Department of Oceanography, Techno India University, West Bengal, EM 4/1 Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India.
| | - Joystu Dutta
- Department of Environmental Science, University Teaching Department, Sant Gahira Guru University, Ambikapur, 497001, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Madhumita Roy
- Department of Microbiology, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Road, Scheme VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Thakur
- Department of Environmental Science, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, 484886, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit Mitra
- Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, 35 B. C. Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
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Aydin A, Goktas Aydin S. A Case-Control Study of the Correlation Between Blood Parameters and Obesity. Cureus 2024; 16:e69809. [PMID: 39429354 PMCID: PMC11491136 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.69809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has become a global health crisis in adults, and is linked to conditions like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. This study explored associations between body mass index (BMI) and laboratory parameters in healthy individuals to identify risk factors and guide targeted interventions in Turkey. It was found that screening and lifestyle changes can help prevent and manage obesity-related health issues. METHODS This retrospective case-control study analyzed 2153 adult participants using medical records between 2021 and 2024. The study included those with good overall health; those under 18 years of age or had organ failure, chronic metabolic disorders, obesity complications, or were on multiple obesity-related medications were excluded. Data collected included demographic details, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), BMI, and laboratory findings. Statistical analyses, including Pearson and Spearman correlations, Mann-Whitney U test and t test, and receiver operating characteristic analysis, were performed using SPSS 24.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). RESULTS The study, comprising 1016 men and 1137 women, revealed that 31.8% of adults were obese. Gender disparities were evident, with a higher prevalence of obesity observed in women: 76.5%, 68.8%, and 45.3% for classes 1, 2, and 3, respectively, compared to corresponding rates of 23.5%, 31.2%, and 54.7% in men. BMI significantly correlated with WHR. Despite the disparity between BMI and WHR between men and women, positive correlations were found between BMI and age (r=0.4) and serum uric acid (SUA) levels (r=0.5). The Mann-Whitney U test also demonstrated a significant association between BMI and fasting plasma glucose level, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid, platelet count, and lymphocyte count (all p values<0.005). Despite the poor correlation with BMI, SUA levels emerged as a potential obesity predictor, with a 4.1 mg/dl cutoff value, exhibiting 50% sensitivity and 34% specificity (p<0.001; area under the curve, or AUC, 0.67; 95% CI 0.65-0.70). There was no significant link between BMI and aspartate aminotransferase, hemoglobin, mean platelet volume, neutrophil and lymphocyte count, vitamin D, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and free thyroxine 4 levels. CONCLUSION This study found significant associations between BMI and laboratory parameters, including serum uric acid, fasting glucose, LDL, triglycerides, and ALT. WHR was also closely linked to BMI, with notable gender differences in body composition. These significant findings underscore the complex nature of obesity and highlight the importance of gender-specific considerations and biomarkers in research and management strategies that are crucial for understanding and addressing this global health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Aydin
- Internal Medicine, Medipol University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Sabin Goktas Aydin
- Medical Oncology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
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Liang Y, Quan X, Gu R, Meng Z, Gan H, Wu Z, Sun Y, Pan H, Han P, Liu S, Dou G. Repurposing existing drugs for the treatment ofCOVID-19/SARS-CoV-2: A review of pharmacological effects and mechanism of action. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35988. [PMID: 39247343 PMCID: PMC11379597 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Following the coronavirus disease-2019 outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there is an ongoing need to seek drugs that target COVID-19. First off, novel drugs have a long development cycle, high investment cost, and are high risk. Second, novel drugs must be evaluated for activity, efficacy, safety, and metabolic performance, contributing to the development cycle, investment cost, and risk. We searched the Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register (including PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP, and medRxiv), Web of Science (Science Citation Index, Emerging Citation Index), and WHO COVID-19 Coronaviral Disease Global Literature to identify completed and ongoing studies as of February 20, 2024. We evaluated the pharmacological effects, in vivo and in vitro data of the 16 candidates in the paper. The difficulty of studying these candidates in clinical trials involving COVID-19 patients, dosage of repurposed drugs, etc. is discussed in detail. Ultimately, Metformin is more suitable for prophylactic administration or mildly ill patients; the combination of Oseltamivir, Tamoxifen, and Dexamethasone is suitable for moderately and severely ill patients; and more clinical trials are needed for Azvudine, Ribavirin, Colchicine, and Cepharanthine to demonstrate efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Liang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Quan
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
- Scientific Experimental Center of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Ruolan Gu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyun Meng
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Gan
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuona Wu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yunbo Sun
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Huajie Pan
- General Internal Medicine Department, Jingnan Medical District, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Han
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shuchen Liu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guifang Dou
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
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28
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Tang W, Gao Y, Hong S, Wang S. GFPT1 accelerates immune escape in breast cancer by modifying PD-L1 via O-glycosylation. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:1071. [PMID: 39210323 PMCID: PMC11363670 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12811-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune escape is one of the causes of poor prognosis in breast cancer (BC). Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 (GFPT1) is the first speed-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) and is essential for the progression of BC. Nevertheless, the mechanism of the influence of GFPT1 in BC immune escape is not clear. METHODS First, the level of GFPT1 in BC was analyzed by starbase, and GFPT1 expression in BC tissues was measured by qRT-PCR, western blot and IHC. Then, the O-GlcNAc levels were detected by western blot. Thereafter, Co-IP was applied to examine the relationship between GFPT1 and PD-L1. At last, a mouse model was constructed for validation in vivo. RESULTS Firstly, we discovered that GFPT1 was obviously strengthened in BC. Knockdown or introduction of GFPT1 correspondingly degraded and elevated O-GlcNAc levels in cells. Further researches revealed that there was a reciprocal relationship between GFPT1 and PD-L1. Mechanistically, we disclosed that GFPT1 enhanced PD-L1 protein stability through O-glycosylation. More interestingly, GFPT1 accelerated BC cell immune escape via upregulation of O-glycosylation-modified PD-L1. In vivo, silencing of GFPT1 attenuated immune escape of BC cells by reducing PD-L1 levels. CONCLUSION GFPT1 promoted BC progression and immune escape via O-glycosylation-modified PD-L1. GFPT1 may be a potential target for BC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifang Tang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 107, East Huanhu Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 107, East Huanhu Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Shikai Hong
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 107, East Huanhu Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Shengying Wang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 107, East Huanhu Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
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29
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Bustin SA. RT-qPCR Testing and Performance Metrics in the COVID-19 Era. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9326. [PMID: 39273275 PMCID: PMC11394961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the crucial role of diagnostic testing in managing infectious diseases, particularly through the use of reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) tests. RT-qPCR has been pivotal in detecting and quantifying viral RNA, enabling the identification and management of SARS-CoV-2 infections. However, despite its widespread use, there remains a notable gap in understanding fundamental diagnostic metrics such as sensitivity and specificity among many scientists and healthcare practitioners. This gap is not merely academic; it has profound implications for interpreting test results, making public health decisions, and affecting patient outcomes. This review aims to clarify the distinctions between laboratory- and field-based metrics in the context of RT-qPCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 and summarise the global efforts that led to the development and optimisation of these tests during the pandemic. It is intended to enhance the understanding of these fundamental concepts among scientists and healthcare professionals who may not be familiar with the nuances of diagnostic test evaluation. Such knowledge is crucial for accurately interpreting test results, making informed public health decisions, and ultimately managing infectious disease outbreaks more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A Bustin
- Medical Technology Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford CM1 1SQ, UK
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Feddema JJ, Fernald KDS, Keijser BJF, Kieboom J, van de Burgwal LHM. Commercial Opportunity or Addressing Unmet Needs-Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) as the Future of Rapid Diagnostic Testing? Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1845. [PMID: 39272630 PMCID: PMC11394392 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14171845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) technology is emerging as a rapid pathogen testing method, potentially challenging the RT-PCR "gold standard". Despite recent advancements, LAMP's widespread adoption remains limited. This study provides a comprehensive market overview and assesses future growth prospects to aid stakeholders in strategic decision-making and policy formulation. Using a dataset of 1134 LAMP patent documents, we analyzed lifecycle and geographic distribution, applicant profiles, CPC code classifications, and patent claims. Additionally, we examined clinical developments from 21 curated clinical trials, focusing on trends, geographic engagement, sponsor types, and the conditions and pathogens investigated. Our analysis highlights LAMP's potential as a promising rapid pathogen testing alternative, especially in resource-limited areas. It also reveals a gap between clinical research, which targets bacterial and parasitic diseases like malaria, leishmaniasis, and tuberculosis, and basic research and commercial efforts that prioritize viral diseases such as SARS-CoV-2 and influenza. European stakeholders emphasize the societal impact of addressing unmet needs in resource-limited areas, while American and Asian organizations focus more on research, innovation, and commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle J Feddema
- Athena Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kenneth D S Fernald
- Athena Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J F Keijser
- TNO Healthy Living and Work, Microbiology and Systems Biology, Sylviusweg 71, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper Kieboom
- TNO Healthy Living and Work, Microbiology and Systems Biology, Sylviusweg 71, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Linda H M van de Burgwal
- Athena Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Maier C, Egger L, Köck A, Reichmann K. A Review of Gas Sensors for CO 2 Based on Copper Oxides and Their Derivatives. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:5469. [PMID: 39275379 PMCID: PMC11487424 DOI: 10.3390/s24175469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024]
Abstract
Buildings worldwide are becoming more thermally insulated, and air circulation is being reduced to a minimum. As a result, measuring indoor air quality is important to prevent harmful concentrations of various gases that can lead to safety risks and health problems. To measure such gases, it is necessary to produce low-cost and low-power-consuming sensors. Researchers have been focusing on semiconducting metal oxide (SMOx) gas sensors that can be combined with intelligent technologies such as smart homes, smart phones or smart watches to enable gas sensing anywhere and at any time. As a type of SMOx, p-type gas sensors are promising candidates and have attracted more interest in recent years due to their excellent electrical properties and stability. This review paper gives a short overview of the main development of sensors based on copper oxides and their composites, highlighting their potential for detecting CO2 and the factors influencing their performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Maier
- Materials Center Leoben Forschung GmbH, Roseggerstrasse 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (L.E.); (A.K.)
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, TU Graz, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Larissa Egger
- Materials Center Leoben Forschung GmbH, Roseggerstrasse 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (L.E.); (A.K.)
| | - Anton Köck
- Materials Center Leoben Forschung GmbH, Roseggerstrasse 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (L.E.); (A.K.)
| | - Klaus Reichmann
- Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, TU Graz, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria;
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Garg R, Prasad D. Enhanced pyrophosphate detection: Utilizing oPD-derived carbon dots and Fe 3+ interactions in a paper strip biosensor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 739:150577. [PMID: 39181072 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
The development of portable, cost-effective, and straightforward DNA biosensors holds immense importance in various fields, including healthcare, environmental monitoring, and food safety. This study contributes to the objective by introducing an innovative approach for synthesizing carbon dots (Cdots) with high quantum yield (QY) and remarkable selectivity for Fe3+ ions. Utilizing o-phenylenediamine as a precursor, the study achieved a straightforward and environmentally friendly synthesis method, enabling the efficient detachment of metal ions from the Cdot surface upon introducing pyrophosphate (PPi). The presence of surface hydroxyl and amino groups facilitated specific Fe3+ recognition. Employing D-optimal response surface methodology, the study optimized Cdot synthesis parameters, identifying temperature and heating time as critical factors influencing QY. Statistical analysis confirmed the model's reliability, predicting maximum QY of 48.8 % with minimal deviation from experimental results. Characterization studies revealed the amorphous nature of Cdots through HR-TEM, XRD, and FTIR analysis. Furthermore, the proposed LAMP/PPi biosensing technique demonstrated higher sensitivity, specificity, and repeatability, with negligible interference from common anions and efficacy across varying pH levels. The limit of detection (LOD) of 0.079 (±0.01) μM and the detection range of 0.1 μM-2 mM underscore the biosensor's practical utility. This study highlights a promising direction for developing paper-based LAMP/PPi biosensors with potential diagnostics and environmental monitoring applications. Significantly, the biosensing technique is applicable to any DNA amplification method generating pyrophosphate (PPi) as a by-product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Garg
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Dinesh Prasad
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Jharkhand, 835215, India.
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Li W, Chen H, Tang J. Interplay between Bile Acids and Intestinal Microbiota: Regulatory Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential for Infections. Pathogens 2024; 13:702. [PMID: 39204302 PMCID: PMC11356816 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13080702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Bile acids (BAs) play a crucial role in the human body's defense against infections caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses. BAs counteract infections not only through interactions with intestinal bacteria exhibiting bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity but they also directly combat infections. Building upon our research group's previous discoveries highlighting the role of BAs in combating infections, we have initiated an in-depth investigation into the interactions between BAs and intestinal microbiota. Leveraging the existing literature, we offer a comprehensive analysis of the relationships between BAs and 16 key microbiota. This investigation encompasses bacteria (e.g., Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), Bacteroides, Clostridium scindens (C. scindens), Streptococcus thermophilus, Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum), and lactic acid bacteria), fungi (e.g., Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Saccharomyces boulardii), and viruses (e.g., coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus, and norovirus). Our research found that Bacteroides, C. scindens, Streptococcus thermophilus, Saccharomyces boulardii, C. butyricum, and lactic acid bacteria can regulate the metabolism and function of BSHs and 7α-dehydroxylase. BSHs and 7α-dehydroxylase play crucial roles in the conversion of primary bile acid (PBA) to secondary bile acid (SBA). It is important to note that PBAs generally promote infections, while SBAs often exhibit distinct anti-infection roles. In the antimicrobial action of BAs, SBAs demonstrate antagonistic properties against a wide range of microbiota, with the exception of norovirus. Given the intricate interplay between BAs and intestinal microbiota, and their regulatory effects on infections, we assert that BAs hold significant potential as a novel approach for preventing and treating microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Ruili Road, Shanghai 200240, China;
| | - Jianguo Tang
- Department of Trauma-Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, 128 Ruili Road, Shanghai 200240, China;
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Ismail HY, Farouq AA, Rabah AB, Muhammad AB, Aliyu RU, Baki AS, Allamin IA, Bukar UA. Phytoremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil using Vigna Unguiculata and associated rhizosphere bacteria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39154233 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2024.2389559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Persistent crude oil contamination poses a significant environmental challenge. In this study, the efficacy of Vigna unguiculata (L.) and associated rhizospheric microorganisms in remediating crude oil-contaminated soil within a microcosm setting was investigated. A randomized block design was employed, and soil samples were subjected to varying degrees of contamination: 0% (UR), 2.5% (CR2), 5.0% (CR5), 7.5% (CR7), and 10.0% (CR10) w/w crude oil. The investigation aimed to assess the potential of Vigna unguiculata (L.) in mitigating crude oil contamination across these defined contamination gradients. The plant growth and crude oil removal were monitored concurrently post-emergence. Plant emergence and growth were significantly affected due to contamination, especially among plants in CR5 and CR10. The bacterial population was higher in the rhizosphere, and the treatments with lower hydrocarbon contamination. It was shown that plant density encouraged the growth of bacterial communities. Significant reduction in soil TPH was observed in CR2 (76.61%) and CR7 (65.88%). There was a strong correlation between plant growth and oil-utilizing bacterial population (r2 = 0.966) and plant growth and hydrocarbon reduction (r2 = 0.956), signifying the role of plant-bacterial synergy. Saturate fractions (C30 - C32) were significantly degraded to lower molecular weight compounds (C11 - C14). Except in CR5 and CR10, the remediation within the cowpea rhizosphere was effective even at regulatory standards. Understanding the rhizosphere ecological dynamics would further highlight the role the bacteria played; hence, it is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmad Ali Farouq
- Department of Microbiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | | | - Aminu Bayawa Muhammad
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Rabiu Umar Aliyu
- Department of Biochemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Aliyu Sarki Baki
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | | | - Usman Ali Bukar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria
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Li P, Zhang H, Yang Z, Li Y, Huang M, Yang L, Zhang X. Rapid fluorescent nucleic acid sensing with ultra-thin gold nanosheets. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1317:342872. [PMID: 39030016 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescently labeled DNA oligonucleotides and gold nanospheres have been frequently utilized in biosensors, providing efficient nucleic acid detection. Nevertheless, the restricted loading capacity of gold nanospheres undermines overall sensitivity. In this study, we employed four-atom-thick ultrathin gold nanosheets (AuNSs), utilizing a "pre-mix model" for rapid target nucleic acid detection. In this approach, fluorescently labeled DNA probes were pre-incubated with the target nucleic acid, followed by the addition of AuNSs for probe adsorption and fluorescence quenching. With the developed method, we efficiently and rapidly detected the SARS-CoV-2 N gene sequence within 30 min, involving a brief 15-min target pre-incubation and a subsequent 15-min adsorption of free probes and fluorescence quenching by AuNSs. This method exhibited heightened sensitivity compared to gold nanospheres, boasting a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.808 nM. Furthermore, exceptional recovery was achieved in simulated biological samples. The study introduces an effective strategy for nucleic acid sensing characterized by rapidity, heightened sensitivity, ease of operation, and robustness. These findings encourage further development of rapid biomarker sensing methods employing 2D nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Huiyang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Yiling Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Manli Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lingzhi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xueji Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Guangdong, 518055, China
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Deng L, Zhang A, Wang A, Zhang H, Wang T, Song W, Yue H. Wheat domestication alters root metabolic functions to drive the assembly of endophytic bacteria. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39137160 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
The domestication process progressively differentiated wild relatives from modern cultivars, thus impacting plant-associated microorganisms. Endophytic bacterial communities play vital roles in plant growth, development, and health, which contribute to the crop's sustainable development. However, how plant domestication impacts endophytic bacterial communities and relevant root exudates in wheat remains unclear. First, we have observed that the domestication process increased the root endophytic microbial community diversity of wheat while decreasing functional diversity. Second, domestication decreased the endophytic bacterial co-occurrence network stability, and it did significantly alter the abundances of core microorganisms or potential probiotics. Third, untargeted LC-MS metabolomics revealed that domestication significantly altered the metabolite profiles, and the abundances of various root exudates released were significantly correlated with keystone taxa including the Chryseobacterium, Massilia, and Lechevalieria. Moreover, we found that root exudates, especially L-tyrosine promote the growth of plant-beneficial bacteria, such as Chryseobacterium. Additionally, with L-tyrosine and Chryseobacterium colonized in the roots, the growth of wild wheat's roots was significantly promoted, while no notable effect could be found in the domesticated cultivars. Overall, this study suggested that wild wheat as a key germplasm material, and its native endophytic microbes may serve as a resource for engineering crop microbiomes to improve the morphological and physiological traits of crops in widely distributed poor soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Deng
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ali Zhang
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Anze Wang
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Weining Song
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Hong Yue
- College of Agronomy, National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Reytor-González C, Parise-Vasco JM, González N, Simancas-Racines A, Zambrano-Villacres R, Zambrano AK, Simancas-Racines D. Obesity and periodontitis: a comprehensive review of their interconnected pathophysiology and clinical implications. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1440216. [PMID: 39171112 PMCID: PMC11335523 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1440216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and periodontitis are significant health problems with a complex bidirectional relationship. Excess body fat is linked to systemic diseases and can lead to persistent inflammation, potentially harming periodontal health. Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of teeth, poses substantial health risks. Both conditions share pathological processes such as inflammation and oxidative stress, which aggravate health status and make treatment more challenging. Understanding this interaction is crucial for developing effective management strategies for both diseases. This study explores the multifaceted aspects of obesity and periodontitis and their reciprocal relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Reytor-González
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Juan Marcos Parise-Vasco
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Natali González
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad UTE, Santo Domingo, Ecuador
| | - Alison Simancas-Racines
- Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi, Latacunga, Ecuador
| | | | - Ana Karina Zambrano
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Daniel Simancas-Racines
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
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Saglam E, Karagedik H, Dinc M, Oke D, Gun Atak P, Karadeniz B, Burul G, Gormus Degrigo U. Can Bone Morphogenetic Protein 1 (BMP1) Be a Potential Biomarker of Obesity? Cureus 2024; 16:e67025. [PMID: 39280566 PMCID: PMC11402472 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.67025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity has long been a severe threat to public health as an epidemic, and studies on its pathogenesis and treatment have been ongoing. Our study aims to compare the serum levels of bone morphogenetic protein 1 (BMP1), neuregulin 4 (NRG4), and apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5) in obese and non-obese individuals and investigate their association with obesity. Methodology Our study included a total of 111 participants, of whom 46 were obese (body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2), aged 18-65 years, and had no comorbidities, and 65 were non-obese (BMI = 18.5-29.9 kg/m2) without any additional disease. For all participants, BMP1, NRG4, and ApoA5 levels were determined and compared with clinical and biochemical parameters. Results Overall, 60.4% (n = 67) of the participants were female and 39.6% (n = 44) were male. In terms of the BMI scores, 58.6% (n = 65) had a BMI <30 kg/m2 and 41.4% (n = 46) had a BMI ≥30 kg/m2. Both, the BMI and the gender groups did not differ significantly in terms of age (p = 0.093 and p = 0.795, respectively). The weight, fat-free mass, mineral quantity, protein quantity, fluid weight, and fluid ratio values of the male participants were significantly higher than females (p = 0.011, p = 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.001, and p = 0.001, respectively). The aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratios and the triglyceride/glucose (TG/Glu) ratios were found to be significantly higher in males than in females (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). The respective BMP1 (15.88 vs. 13.35), AST/ALT (1.36 vs. 1.04) and TG/Glu ratios (1.47 vs. 1.29) were significantly higher, while the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) was lower in obese individuals than in non-obese individuals (0.32 vs. 0.34). NRG4 and ApoA5 values were similar between the two groups. BMP1, QUICKI values, and AST/ALT ratios proved to be statistically significant in obesity through the univariable logistic regression analysis (β = 1.066, p = 0.048; β = 0.0001, p = 0.001, and β = 3.707, p = 0.003, respectively). On multiple logistic regression analysis, QUICKI values (β = 0.001, p = 0.001) had a negative and significant effect on obesity, and the AST/ALT ratios (β = 2.803, p = 0.033) had a positive and significant effect on obesity. Conclusions Our study indicates that detecting an important link between BMP1 in obese patients will help elucidate the pathogenesis of obesity and come up with a potential therapeutic candidate. BMP1 levels, along with AST/ALT and TG/Glu ratios, were significantly higher in obese patients. BMP1 levels were also an independent significant predictor of obesity together with AST/ALT ratio and QUICKI in this study, suggesting that it may exhibit a metabolic deterioration in obese individuals. However, the results cannot absolutely tell whether it supported deterioration or was a component of the repair mechanism. Althoughit is generally known from recent studies that BMP1 plays a role in osteogenesis, some encouraging results were obtained in our study indicating that BMP1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity. It is expected that our results will not only promote the elucidation of the pathogenesis of obesity, but also provide a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Saglam
- Internal Medicine, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Hande Karagedik
- Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute for Experimental Medicine, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Mustafa Dinc
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kirklareli Training and Research Hospital, Kirklareli, TUR
| | - Deniz Oke
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Gaziosmanpasa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
| | | | - Burcak Karadeniz
- Rheumatology, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Gokhan Burul
- Internal Medicine, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
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Tian H, Liu Q, Yu X, Cao Y, Huang X. Damage-associated molecular patterns in viral infection: potential therapeutic targets. Crit Rev Microbiol 2024:1-18. [PMID: 39091137 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2024.2384885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Frequent viral infections leading to infectious disease outbreaks have become a significant global health concern. Fully elucidating the molecular mechanisms of the immune response against viral infections is crucial for epidemic prevention and control. The innate immune response, the host's primary defense against viral infection, plays a pivotal role and has become a breakthrough in research mechanisms. A component of the innate immune system, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are involved in inducing inflammatory responses to viral infections. Numerous DAMPs are released from virally infected cells, activating downstream signaling pathways via internal and external receptors on immune cells. This activation triggers immune responses and helps regulate viral host invasion. This review examines the immune regulatory mechanisms of various DAMPs, such as the S100 protein family, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and heat shock proteins, in various viral infections to provide a theoretical basis for designing novel antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaomin Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Medical Experimental Teaching Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanli Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaotian Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Li Y, Wang K, Liu W, Zhang Y. The potential emerging role of piRNA/PIWI complex in virus infection. Virus Genes 2024; 60:333-346. [PMID: 38833149 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-024-02078-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
P-element-induced wimpy testis-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), a class of small noncoding RNAs with about 24-32 nucleotides, often interact with PIWI proteins to form a piRNA/PIWI complex that could influence spermiogenesis, transposon silencing, epigenetic regulation, etc. PIWI proteins have a highly conserved function in a variety of species and are usually expressed in germ cells. However, increasing evidence has revealed the important role of the piRNA/PIWI complex in the occurrence and prognosis of various human diseases and suggests its potential application in the diagnosis and treatment of related diseases, becoming a prominent marker for these human diseases. Recent studies have confirmed that piRNA/PIWI complexes or piRNAs are abnormally expressed in some viral infections, effecting disease progression and viral replication. In this study, we reviewed the association between the piRNA/PIWI complex and several human disease-associated viruses, including human papillomavirus, human immunodeficiency virus, human rhinovirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, respiratory syncytial virus, and herpes simplex virus type 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zibo Central Hospital, 54 Gongqingtuan Road, Zibo, 255036, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zibo Central Hospital, 54 Gongqingtuan Road, Zibo, 255036, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zibo Central Hospital, 54 Gongqingtuan Road, Zibo, 255036, China.
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Wani K, Kumar B, Al-Daghri NM, Sabico S. Trends and characteristics of the metabolically healthy obese phenotype in an Arab population. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1371359. [PMID: 39145170 PMCID: PMC11322095 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1371359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) phenotype represents a complex and distinctive trait, the trends and characteristics of which remain unknown in the Saudi Arabian adult population. The present study aims to fill that gap. A combined total of 10,220 Saudi adults from 2 independent cohorts [2008-2019, N = 7,896 (2,903 males and 4,993 females), and 2021-2023, N = 2,324 (830 males and 1,494 females)] aged 19-70 years old was screened, of whom 9,631 (3,428 males and 6,203 females) were included. Anthropometric data were measured, and fasting blood samples were collected to assess glucose, lipids, adipocytokines and inflammatory markers using routine methods and commercially available assays. Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2. Screening for MHO was done using the empiric definition proposed by Zembic and colleagues and the by the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATPIII). Of the 3,949 (41.0%) participants with obesity, 33.4% (95% confidence interval, CI, 32-35) were considered MHO using the empiric definition, and 32.8% (95% CI, 31-34) using NCEP-ATPIII. The overall age and gender adjusted prevalence of MHO in the Saudi adult population was 31.6% (95% CI, 30-33) and 30.1% (29-31) by the two definitions, respectively. Females had a higher age-adjusted prevalence of MHO than males (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.1-1.4, p = 0.009) as per the ATPIII criteria. MHO prevalence substantially increased over time from 2008 to 2023 (p < 0.001) for both definitions. Circulating leptin levels and insulin resistance were significantly higher in the MUO group than the MHO group independent of the definition used, suggesting the presence of a more severe form of leptin resistance in the MUO group which may explain the worse cardiometabolic profile as compared to the MHO group. In summary, the study highlights the first time the characteristics and trends of the MHO phenotype among Saudi Arabian adults. The pluripotent effects of leptin and its resistance may be central to MHO's progression, or lack thereof, to the MUO phenotype, and this needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiser Wani
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Balvir Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaun Sabico
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Shi L, Ren F, Xin S, Sun Q, Li DN, Li K, Wang Y. Prevalence of burnout among military personnel in the plateau region of China: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1897. [PMID: 39014372 PMCID: PMC11251340 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19340-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The geographical environment and military activities in the plateau area pose potential work-related stressors for military personnel, leading to burnout which is an external manifestation of internal energy exhaustion caused by stress. Without countermeasures, this can result in serious military problems. This study aims to examine the association between burnout and occupational stressors among military personnel stationed in the plateau area of China. MATERIAL AND METHODS A stratified randomized cluster sampling survey was conducted among 2026 military personnel from 6 different troops stationed in the plateau area of China. The Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey(MBI-GS in Chinese) was administered from March 2022 to December 2023, and data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. RESULTS A total of 2026 military personnel participated in the survey. The mean overall burnout score was 3.37 ± 0.73, with emotional exhaustion at 2.69 ± 0.89, depersonalization at 3.58 ± 0.92, and professional achievement at 3.81 ± 0.85 levels respectively reported by participants on average scale scores ranging from zero to six. Severe level of burnout was reported by 43.2% of participants while medium level of burnout was reported by 54 .3%. Age, education level, length of military service, and household income were identified as important factors influencing burnout. CONCLUSION This study highlights a relatively high prevalence of burnout among military personnel stationed in plateau areas necessitating attention towards their occupational health particularly focusing on working hours and economic aspects so as to formulate effective policies and implement intervention measures that strengthen career development for soldiers deployed in such regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Department of Medical Research, The Ninth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Fei Ren
- Department of Medical Research, The Ninth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Shen Xin
- Department of Medical Research, The Ninth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qin Sun
- Department of Medical Research, The Ninth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Dan-Ni Li
- Department of Medical Research, The Ninth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Medical Research, The Ninth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Medical Research, The Ninth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Chen P, Hu T, Zheng Z, Garfield RE, Yang J. The cervicovaginal metabolome in women with favorable induction cervix and those unfavorable for induction when delivering at term. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34166. [PMID: 39071700 PMCID: PMC11279265 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical ripening is crucial for induction. However, its influencing factors, mechanistic understanding, and effective risk stratification are still challenging. Recent research suggested that microorganisms and their metabolites in vaginal spaces correlate to preterm birth. However, it remains unclear whether the cervicovaginal metabolome is related to the natural physiological process of cervical maturation. Objective We aimed to analyze the cervicovaginal metabolome in women with favorable induction cervix and those unfavorable for induction when delivering at term. Study design Cervicovaginal swabs were collected between 40 and 41 weeks gestation from the following 2 different groups of patients: Ripe group (n = 25) which was favorable for the induction cervix and Unripe group which was unfavorable for the induction cervix (n = 25). Samples were tested using untargeted metabolomics analysis and analyzed by a bioinformatics platform. The correlation analysis between the metabolome and the previously acquired microbiome was also performed. Results A total of 629 metabolites were identified in cervicovaginal fluid. The cervicovaginal metabolome was significantly different between the women with the ripe cervix and those with the unripe cervix, especially within each stratum of the same CST. Metabolites within the amino acid, carbohydrate, and dipeptide pathways may play a role in this distinction. Thirty-four metabolites were significantly upregulated, and the remaining fourteen were significantly downregulated in the Unripe group with an unripe cervix unfavorable for induction. Statistical modeling identified Arachidonic Acid and Nicotinate associated with the risk of cervical maturation disorder (AUC 0.87) in negative ion mode. A combination of Choline and d-Mannose identified a risk of cervical maturation disorder (AUC 0.80) in positive ion mode, improved by Lactobacillus relative abundance (AUC 0.89). Conclusion These data suggested that the cervicovaginal space was metabolically active during pregnancy and significantly altered among the women with the mature and immature cervix. Combining the genera-level phylotypes and metabolites could build better cervix maturity prediction models. By using cervicovaginal fluid samples, we demonstrated the potential of multi-data type integration for developing composite models toward understanding the contribution of the vaginal environment to the remodeling of cervix during term pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and Diseases, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Bioland, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, China
| | - Robert E. Garfield
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jinying Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College (Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
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Iervolino S, Scarano P, Madera JR, Franco C, Tartaglia M, Stilo R, Sciarrillo R, Canzoniero LMT, Moreno M, Guarino C. Vitis vinifera L. cv. Falanghina Seed Extracts: Antioxidant Effect of Bioactive Compounds on HepG2 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:834. [PMID: 39061902 PMCID: PMC11273723 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitis vinifera L. is a natural source of bioactive compounds that is already used for cosmeceutical and nutraceutical approaches. However, their phytochemical and antioxidant properties, although studied, have not been fully explored. We aimed to characterize V. vinifera L. cv. Falanghina seed extracts in different polarity solvents (hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and a mixture of acetone-water) for their phytochemical contents, including the total phenolic compound content (TPC), free radical scavenging capacities, and antioxidant ability on HepG2 cells. We directly profiled the functional quality of V. vinifera seed extracts against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells, focusing on mitochondrial functions. The content of bioactive compounds was characterized by LC-MS. To assess the cytocompatibility of the extracts, a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was conducted. Results showed that extraction with ethyl acetate (18.12 mg GAE·g-1) and ethanol solvents (18.07 mg GAE·g-1), through Soxhlet, and with an acetone-water mixture (14.17 mg GAE·g-1), through maceration, yielded extracts rich in (poly)phenols, with good scavenging and antioxidant activity (98.32 I% for ethanol solvents and 96.31 I% for acetone-water mixture). The antioxidant effect of polyphenols is at least partially due to their capacity to maintain mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy, which elevates mitochondrial efficiency, resulting in diminished ROS production, hence re-establishing the mitochondrial quality control. These findings highlight the valorization of Vitis by-products to improve food functional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Iervolino
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Pierpaolo Scarano
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Via F. de Sanctis, snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (J.R.M.); (C.F.); (M.T.); (R.S.); (R.S.); (L.M.T.C.); (M.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Jessica Raffaella Madera
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Via F. de Sanctis, snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (J.R.M.); (C.F.); (M.T.); (R.S.); (R.S.); (L.M.T.C.); (M.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Cristina Franco
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Via F. de Sanctis, snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (J.R.M.); (C.F.); (M.T.); (R.S.); (R.S.); (L.M.T.C.); (M.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Maria Tartaglia
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Via F. de Sanctis, snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (J.R.M.); (C.F.); (M.T.); (R.S.); (R.S.); (L.M.T.C.); (M.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Romania Stilo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Via F. de Sanctis, snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (J.R.M.); (C.F.); (M.T.); (R.S.); (R.S.); (L.M.T.C.); (M.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Rosaria Sciarrillo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Via F. de Sanctis, snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (J.R.M.); (C.F.); (M.T.); (R.S.); (R.S.); (L.M.T.C.); (M.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Lorella Maria Teresa Canzoniero
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Via F. de Sanctis, snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (J.R.M.); (C.F.); (M.T.); (R.S.); (R.S.); (L.M.T.C.); (M.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Maria Moreno
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Via F. de Sanctis, snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (J.R.M.); (C.F.); (M.T.); (R.S.); (R.S.); (L.M.T.C.); (M.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Carmine Guarino
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Via F. de Sanctis, snc, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (J.R.M.); (C.F.); (M.T.); (R.S.); (R.S.); (L.M.T.C.); (M.M.); (C.G.)
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Hendy A, Alsharkaw SS, El-Nagger NS, Hendy A, Sayed S, Nashwan AJ. Outcome of creating clustering nursing care and healing environment on premature infants' behavioural outcomes. BMJ Paediatr Open 2024; 8:e002716. [PMID: 38977353 PMCID: PMC11340664 DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2024-002716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
We conducted a quasi-experimental study in two neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) from January to July 2021, focusing on the effects of clustering nursing care and creating a healing environment on premature infants' behavioural outcomes. The study included 106 infants, with 53 in both the study and control groups. Significant improvements were observed in organisation state/sleep and responsiveness/interaction domains in the study group, along with shorter hospital stays and greater weight gain on discharge. These findings highlight the positive impact of targeted interventions on premature infants' developmental outcomes, emphasising the need for comprehensive care strategies in NICU settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz Hendy
- Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing، Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sabah Saad Alsharkaw
- Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
- Pediatric nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Hendy
- Department of Computational Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Salwa Sayed
- Master degree of pediatric Nursing, Clinical instructor in technical health institute, General Authority for Health Insurance, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdulqadir J Nashwan
- Nursing & Midwifery Research Department (NMRD), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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Chen D, Wang S, Yang W, Lu H, Ren Q. Obesity, abdominal obesity, metabolic obesity phenotypes, and Helicobacter pylori infection: results from NHANES 1999-2000. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:676. [PMID: 38971751 PMCID: PMC11227695 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies on the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and obesity have reported conflicting results. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate the association of obesity, abdominal obesity, and metabolic obesity phenotypes with H. pylori infection. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 1568 participants aged 20 to 85 was conducted using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycle 1999-2000. Logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the association of general obesity as defined by body mass index (BMI), abdominal obesity as defined by waist circumference (WC) and waist-height ratio (WHtR), and metabolic obesity phenotypes with H. pylori seropositivity. Subgroup analyses stratified by age were conducted to explore age-specific differences in this association. RESULTS After grouping individuals according to their WHtR, the prevalence rate of WHtR ≥ 0.5 in H. pylori-seropositive participants was significantly higher than that in H. pylori-seronegative participants (79.75 vs. 68.39, P < 0.001). The prevalence of H. pylori seropositivity in non-abdominal obesity and abdominal obesity defined by WHtR was 24.97% and 31.80%, respectively (P < 0.001). In the subgroup analysis, the adjusted association between abdominal obesity, as defined by the WHtR, and H. pylori seropositivity was significant in subjects aged < 50 years (OR = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.24-4.01; P = 0.01) but not in subjects aged ≥ 50 years (OR = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.35-1.99; P = 0.66). Subjects older than 50 years old had an OR (95% CI) for metabolically healthy obesity of 0.04 (0.01-0.35) compared with the control group. H. pylori seropositivity was consistently not associated with obesity as defined by BMI. CONCLUSIONS Abdominal obesity, as defined by the WHtR, was associated with H. pylori infection in subjects aged ≤ 50 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shiling Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wei Yang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hong Lu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qian Ren
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou, China.
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Yu W, Chen J, Jin S, Fan X, Cai X. Identification and Validation of Glycosylation-Related Genes in Obesity and MASH: Insights from Human Liver Samples and a High-Fat Diet Mouse Model. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2024; 17:363-381. [PMID: 38983907 PMCID: PMC11232960 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s463608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is reaching epidemic proportions in the developed world. The biosynthesis and degradation of human glycoproteins take place at the highest level in the liver. However, the association between glycosylation and the factors affecting obesity and metabolism-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is still unclear. Materials and Methods Gene expression data of liver samples from obese patients were retrieved from GSE83452 and GSE89632 databases. Difference analysis and machine learning were used to identify hub genes involved in glycosylation and associated with the response of weight loss treatment. A total of 7 glycosylation-related hub genes were identified and then subjected to correlation analysis, immune cells infiltration analysis and ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis. We also evaluated the potential function of 7 hub genes in obesity patients. MASH mice were used to validate the glycosylation-related hub genes. Results A total of 25 overlapped glycosylation-related genes were identified by DEGs analysis. ACER2, STX17, ARF5, GPC4, ENTPD5, NANP, and DPY19L2 were identified as hub genes. Among these hub genes, ACER2, STX17, ARF5, and ENTPD5 were also differential expressed in MASH patients. ENTPD5 showed increased transcription in obese MASH mice. Conclusion The current study identified seven glycosylation-related genes, ACER2, STX17, ARF5, GPC4, ENTPD5, NANP, and DPY19L2, that might play key roles in the development of obesity. ENTPD5 might play a key role in the development of MASH. These findings provide fresh perspectives for expanding the investigation of obesity and MASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jionghuang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengxi Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Zong M, Zhao A, Han W, Chen Y, Weng T, Li S, Tang L, Wu J. Sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity and the clinical outcome of the older inpatients with COVID-19 infection: a prospective observational study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:578. [PMID: 38965468 PMCID: PMC11223396 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05177-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the impact of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity (SO) on the clinical outcome in older patients with COVID-19 infection and chronic disease. METHODS We prospectively collected data from patients admitted to Huadong Hospital for COVID-19 infection between November 1, 2022, and January 31, 2023. These patients were included from a previously established comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) cohort. We collected information on their pre-admission condition regarding sarcopenia, SO, and malnutrition, as well as their medical treatment. The primary endpoint was the incidence of intubation, while secondary endpoints included in-hospital mortality rates. We then utilized Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival curves and the log-rank tests to compare the clinical outcomes related to intubation or death, assessing the impact of sarcopenia and SO on patient clinical outcomes. RESULTS A total of 113 patients (age 89.6 ± 7.0 years) were included in the study. Among them, 51 patients had sarcopenia and 39 had SO prior to hospitalization. Intubation was required for 6 patients without sarcopenia (9.7%) and for 18 sarcopenia patients (35.3%), with 16 of these being SO patients (41%). Mortality occurred in 2 patients without sarcopenia (3.3%) and in 13 sarcopenia patients (25.5%), of which 11 were SO patients (28%). Upon further analysis, patients with SO exhibited significantly elevated risks for both intubation (Hazard Ratio [HR] 7.43, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.26-43.90, P < 0.001) and mortality (HR 6.54, 95% CI 1.09-39.38, P < 0.001) after adjusting for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of sarcopenia or SO was high among senior inpatients, and both conditions were found to have a significant negative impact on the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection. Therefore, it is essential to regularly assess and intervene in these conditions at the earliest stage possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zong
- Department of Clinical nutrition, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anda Zhao
- Department of Clinical nutrition, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijia Han
- Department of Clinical nutrition, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqiu Chen
- Department of Clinical nutrition, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingwen Weng
- Department of Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shijie Li
- Department of Clinical nutrition, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Tang
- Department of Clinical nutrition, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Clinical nutrition, Huadong Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Olgun AB, Yüksel D, Yardımcı F. The Effect of a Light-Dark Cycle on Premature Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Randomized Controlled Study. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 77:e343-e349. [PMID: 38724313 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate potential differences in discharge time, feeding methods and amounts, daily weight gain, vital signs, pain, and comfort levels among preterm infants born at 28-32 weeks' gestation who were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit during long-term follow-up while implementing a light-dark cycle. DESIGN AND METHODS This is a randomized controlled study conducted with the support of a day-night cycle in premature infants born at 28-32 weeks' gestation and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of a teaching and research hospital affiliated with the Ministry of Health. The study compared the follow-up results from hospitalization to discharge over a period of 8 weeks. RESULTS 50% of premature infants admitted to the unit are multiple pregnancies. There was no significant difference in discharge weight, comfort level, pain level, vital signs of the infants included in the study (p > 0.05). The optimal development of infant feeding patterns was examinedand it was observed that the study group had significantly improved before the control group in terms of the time to switch to full enteral feeding and oral feeding (p < 0,05). The daily weight gain of the babies was examined, it was seen that the weight gain was higher in the study group compared to the control group (p < 0,05). The mean duration of hospitalization was compared, it was seen that the babies in the study group were discharged significantly earlier (p < 0,05). CONCLUSION The study compared the long-term outcomes of premature babies hospitalized in neonatal intensive care and babies exposed to a light-dark cycle and regularly monitored in standard care. The results showed that the babies in the study group had higher daily weight gain and were discharged earlier than the control group. There were also no statistically significant differences in comfort and pain scores, vital signs or oxygen saturation between the study and control groups. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS A light-dark cycle was found to be a feasible and promising intervention for infants at 28-32 weeks' gestation. It was a nurse-led management of care that could be integrated into the usual care of 28-32-week-old babies in neonatal units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Betül Olgun
- Dr. Behcet Uz Pediatric Diseases and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Didem Yüksel
- Assistant Professor, Atılım University Faculty of Health, Department of Nursing, Child Health and Diseases Nursing, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Figen Yardımcı
- Associate Professor, Ege University, Faculty of Nursing, Department of Child Health and Diseases Nursing, Izmir, Turkey.
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Iperi C, Fernández-Ochoa Á, Pers JO, Barturen G, Alarcón-Riquelme M, Quirantes-Piné R, Borrás-Linares I, Segura-Carretero A, Cornec D, Bordron A, Jamin C. Integration of multi-omics analysis reveals metabolic alterations of B lymphocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Immunol 2024; 264:110243. [PMID: 38735509 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To link changes in the B-cell transcriptome from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with those in their macroenvironment, including cellular and fluidic components. METHODS Analysis was performed on 363 patients and 508 controls, encompassing transcriptomics, metabolomics, and clinical data. B-cell and whole-blood transcriptomes were analysed using DESeq and GSEA. Plasma and urine metabolomics peak changes were quantified and annotated using Ceu Mass Mediator database. Common sources of variation were identified using MOFA integration analysis. RESULTS Cellular macroenvironment was enriched in cytokines, stress responses, lipidic synthesis/mobility pathways and nucleotide degradation. B cells shared these pathways, except nucleotide degradation diverted to nucleotide salvage pathway, and distinct glycosylation, LPA receptors and Schlafen proteins. CONCLUSIONS B cells showed metabolic changes shared with their macroenvironment and unique changes directly or indirectly induced by IFN-α signalling. This study underscores the importance of understanding the interplay between B cells and their macroenvironment in SLE pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guillermo Barturen
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Marta Alarcón-Riquelme
- GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Granada, Spain; Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rosa Quirantes-Piné
- Research and Development of Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Divi Cornec
- LBAI, UMR1227, Univ Brest, Inserm, Brest, France
| | - Anne Bordron
- LBAI, UMR1227, Univ Brest, Inserm, Brest, France
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