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Almeida LCA, Lobato VA, Santos MDCV, Moraes ACD, Costa BS. Surgical treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy: comparative results of selective amygdalohippocampectomy versus anterior temporal lobectomy from a referral center in Brazil. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2023; 81:647-655. [PMID: 37494949 PMCID: PMC10658662 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a high prevalence neurological disorder. Surgery has emerged as a promising treatment. OBJECTIVE The objective of this work is to compare the surgical results of anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) versus selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SAH) in a cohort of 132 patients. METHODS We performed a retrospective study of 146 patients operated for TLE from 2008 to 2019. Initially, 13 patients were excluded from the study due to insufficient medical record data or follow-up loss. One patient was excluded from the analysis of the results due to death in the first postoperative week. We used the ILAE scale to classify seizure control after surgery. In patients with left hippocampal sclerosis, SAH was performed and in right temporal lobe epilepsy, ATL was the approach of choice. RESULTS The mean follow-up time after surgery was 57.2 months (12-137). In our data analysis, we found that the group of patients undergoing ATL had a higher prevalence of being completely seizure-free (ILAE I) (57.1% versus 31%) and a higher rate of satisfactory seizure control (88.6% versus 69.3%) p = 0,006, when compared with patients undergoing SAH. CONCLUSION The literature is still controversial about seizure control concerning the technique used due to the lack of a robust methodology. Our data analysis identified the superiority of ATL over SAH in seizure outcomes. ATL may be the best option for adequately controlling seizures with minimal additional morbidity in countries with a cost limitation for extended propaedeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa Alves Lobato
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Belo Horizonte, Departamento de Neurologia e
Neurocirurgia, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Aline Curcio de Moraes
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Belo Horizonte, Departamento de Neurologia e
Neurocirurgia, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Silva Costa
- Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Belo Horizonte, Departamento de Neurologia e
Neurocirurgia, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil.
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2
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Serrien DJ, O'Regan L. Attention and Interhemispheric Communication: Implications for Language Dominance. Neuroscience 2023; 510:21-31. [PMID: 36521590 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dominance of the left hemisphere for language processing is a prominent feature of brain organisation. Whereas structural models clarify the functional asymmetry due to direct access to local language circuits, dynamic models propose functional states of intrahemispheric activation and interhemispheric inhibition that are coupled with attentional processes. Real word settings often require modulations of lateralised neural processing and further express individual heterogeneity. In this research, we tested left- and right-handers, and used a behavioural paradigm with presentation of lateralised cue-target pairs to the same or opposite visual field. We observed that handedness distinctly affected word processing in the left hemisphere following contralateral cueing. Moreover, left-hemispheric dominance strengthened for right-handers vs abolished for left-handers, influencing behavioural efficiency. In combination with eye dominance recordings, these data suggest that attentional biases guided the processing strategies of both groups and in turn their achievements. Therefore, hand and eye dominance are both essential factors with a functional role in directing the communication of visual information between both hemispheres. Overall, the findings underline the importance of interacting hand-eye control systems in contributing to interhemispheric patterns in the context of language processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louise O'Regan
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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3
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Serrien DJ, O'Regan L. The interactive functional biases of manual, language and attention systems. Cogn Res Princ Implic 2022; 7:20. [PMID: 35235075 PMCID: PMC8891409 DOI: 10.1186/s41235-022-00365-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemispheric lateralisation is a fundamental principle of functional brain organisation. We studied two core cognitive functions—language and visuospatial attention—that typically lateralise in opposite cerebral hemispheres. In this work, we tested both left- and right-handed participants on lexical decision-making as well as on symmetry detection by means of a visual half-field paradigm with various target–distractor combinations simultaneously presented to opposite visual fields. Laterality indexes were analysed using a behavioural metrics in single individuals as well as between individuals. We observed that lateralisation of language and visuospatial attention as well as their relationship generally followed a left–right profile, albeit with differences as a function of handedness and target–distractor combination. In particular, right-handed individuals tended towards a typical pattern whereas left-handed individuals demonstrated increased individual variation and atypical organisation. That the atypical variants varied as a function of target–distractor combination and thus interhemispheric communication underlines its dynamic role in characterising lateralisation properties. The data further revealed distinctive relationships between right-handedness and left-hemispheric dominance for language together with right-hemispheric dominance for visuospatial processing. Overall, these findings illustrate the role of broader mechanisms in supporting hemispheric lateralisation of cognition and behaviour, relying on common principles but controlled by internal and external factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louise O'Regan
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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4
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Coffey BJ, Threlkeld ZD, Foulkes AS, Bodien YG, Edlow BL. Reemergence of the language network during recovery from severe traumatic brain injury: A pilot functional MRI study. Brain Inj 2021; 35:1552-1562. [PMID: 34546806 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2021.1972455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that, in patients with acute severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) who recover basic language function, speech-evoked blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI) responses within the canonical language network increase over the first 6 months post-injury. RESEARCH DESIGN We conducted a prospective, longitudinal fMRI pilot study of adults with acute severe TBI admitted to the intensive care unit. We also enrolled age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. METHODS AND PROCEDURES We evaluated BOLD signal in bilateral superior temporal gyrus (STG) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) regions of interest acutely and approximately 6 months post-injury. Given evidence that regions outside the canonical language network contribute to language processing, we also performed exploratory whole-brain analyses. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Of the 16 patients enrolled, eight returned for follow-up fMRI, all of whom recovered basic language function. We observed speech-evoked longitudinal BOLD increases in the left STG, but not in the right STG, right IFG, or left IFG. Whole-brain analysis revealed increases in the right supramarginal and middle temporal gyri but no differences between patients and healthy subjects (n = 16). CONCLUSION This pilot study suggests that, in patients with severe TBI who recover llanguage function, speech-evoked responses in bihemispheric language-processing cortex reemerge by 6 months post-injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Coffey
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Florida Health, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Zachary D Threlkeld
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Andrea S Foulkes
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yelena G Bodien
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brian L Edlow
- Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
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5
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Mahmud MS, Yeasin M, Bidelman GM. Data-driven machine learning models for decoding speech categorization from evoked brain responses. J Neural Eng 2021; 18. [PMID: 33690177 DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.03.234997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective.Categorical perception (CP) of audio is critical to understand how the human brain perceives speech sounds despite widespread variability in acoustic properties. Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics of auditory neural activity that reflects CP for speech (i.e. differentiates phonetic prototypes from ambiguous speech sounds).Approach.We recorded 64-channel electroencephalograms as listeners rapidly classified vowel sounds along an acoustic-phonetic continuum. We used support vector machine classifiers and stability selection to determine when and where in the brain CP was best decoded across space and time via source-level analysis of the event-related potentials.Main results. We found that early (120 ms) whole-brain data decoded speech categories (i.e. prototypical vs. ambiguous tokens) with 95.16% accuracy (area under the curve 95.14%;F1-score 95.00%). Separate analyses on left hemisphere (LH) and right hemisphere (RH) responses showed that LH decoding was more accurate and earlier than RH (89.03% vs. 86.45% accuracy; 140 ms vs. 200 ms). Stability (feature) selection identified 13 regions of interest (ROIs) out of 68 brain regions [including auditory cortex, supramarginal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG)] that showed categorical representation during stimulus encoding (0-260 ms). In contrast, 15 ROIs (including fronto-parietal regions, IFG, motor cortex) were necessary to describe later decision stages (later 300-800 ms) of categorization but these areas were highly associated with the strength of listeners' categorical hearing (i.e. slope of behavioral identification functions).Significance.Our data-driven multivariate models demonstrate that abstract categories emerge surprisingly early (∼120 ms) in the time course of speech processing and are dominated by engagement of a relatively compact fronto-temporal-parietal brain network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sultan Mahmud
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Memphis, 3815 Central Avenue, Memphis, TN 38152, United States of America
- Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Mohammed Yeasin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Memphis, 3815 Central Avenue, Memphis, TN 38152, United States of America
- Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Gavin M Bidelman
- Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States of America
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States of America
- University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Memphis, TN, United States of America
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6
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Mahmud MS, Yeasin M, Bidelman GM. Data-driven machine learning models for decoding speech categorization from evoked brain responses. J Neural Eng 2021; 18:10.1088/1741-2552/abecf0. [PMID: 33690177 PMCID: PMC8738965 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/abecf0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective.Categorical perception (CP) of audio is critical to understand how the human brain perceives speech sounds despite widespread variability in acoustic properties. Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal characteristics of auditory neural activity that reflects CP for speech (i.e. differentiates phonetic prototypes from ambiguous speech sounds).Approach.We recorded 64-channel electroencephalograms as listeners rapidly classified vowel sounds along an acoustic-phonetic continuum. We used support vector machine classifiers and stability selection to determine when and where in the brain CP was best decoded across space and time via source-level analysis of the event-related potentials.Main results. We found that early (120 ms) whole-brain data decoded speech categories (i.e. prototypical vs. ambiguous tokens) with 95.16% accuracy (area under the curve 95.14%;F1-score 95.00%). Separate analyses on left hemisphere (LH) and right hemisphere (RH) responses showed that LH decoding was more accurate and earlier than RH (89.03% vs. 86.45% accuracy; 140 ms vs. 200 ms). Stability (feature) selection identified 13 regions of interest (ROIs) out of 68 brain regions [including auditory cortex, supramarginal gyrus, and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG)] that showed categorical representation during stimulus encoding (0-260 ms). In contrast, 15 ROIs (including fronto-parietal regions, IFG, motor cortex) were necessary to describe later decision stages (later 300-800 ms) of categorization but these areas were highly associated with the strength of listeners' categorical hearing (i.e. slope of behavioral identification functions).Significance.Our data-driven multivariate models demonstrate that abstract categories emerge surprisingly early (∼120 ms) in the time course of speech processing and are dominated by engagement of a relatively compact fronto-temporal-parietal brain network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sultan Mahmud
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Memphis, 3815 Central Avenue, Memphis, TN 38152, United States of America
- Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Mohammed Yeasin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Memphis, 3815 Central Avenue, Memphis, TN 38152, United States of America
- Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Gavin M Bidelman
- Institute for Intelligent Systems, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States of America
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States of America
- University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Memphis, TN, United States of America
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7
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Poirier C, Hamed SB, Garcia-Saldivar P, Kwok SC, Meguerditchian A, Merchant H, Rogers J, Wells S, Fox AS. Beyond MRI: on the scientific value of combining non-human primate neuroimaging with metadata. Neuroimage 2021; 228:117679. [PMID: 33359343 PMCID: PMC7903159 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sharing and pooling large amounts of non-human primate neuroimaging data offer new exciting opportunities to understand the primate brain. The potential of big data in non-human primate neuroimaging could however be tremendously enhanced by combining such neuroimaging data with other types of information. Here we describe metadata that have been identified as particularly valuable by the non-human primate neuroimaging community, including behavioural, genetic, physiological and phylogenetic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colline Poirier
- Biosciences Institute & Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle 6, UK.
| | - Suliann Ben Hamed
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR 5229, Université de Lyon - CNRS, France
| | - Pamela Garcia-Saldivar
- Instituto de Neurobiología, UNAM, Campus Juriquilla. Boulevard Juriquilla No. 3001 Querétaro, Qro. 76230 México
| | - Sze Chai Kwok
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China; NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Adrien Meguerditchian
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Cognitive, UMR7290, Université Aix-Marseille/CNRS, Institut Language, Communication and the Brain 13331 Marseille, France
| | - Hugo Merchant
- Instituto de Neurobiología, UNAM, Campus Juriquilla. Boulevard Juriquilla No. 3001 Querétaro, Qro. 76230 México
| | - Jeffrey Rogers
- Human Genome Sequencing Center and Dept. of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA 77030
| | - Sara Wells
- Centre for Macaques, MRC Harwell Institute, Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew S Fox
- California National Primate Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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8
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Herlin B, Navarro V, Dupont S. The temporal pole: From anatomy to function-A literature appraisal. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 113:101925. [PMID: 33582250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.101925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Historically, the anterior part of the temporal lobe was labelled as a unique structure named Brain Area 38 by Brodmann or Temporopolar Area TG by Von Economo, but its functions were unknown at that time. Later on, a few studies proposed to divide the temporal pole in several different subparts, based on distinct cytoarchitectural structure or connectivity patterns, while a still growing number of studies have associated the temporal pole with many cognitive functions. In this review, we provide an overview of the temporal pole anatomical and histological structure and its various functions. We performed a literature review of articles published prior to September 30, 2020 that included 112 articles. The temporal pole has thereby been associated with several high-level cognitive processes: visual processing for complex objects and face recognition, autobiographic memory, naming and word-object labelling, semantic processing in all modalities, and socio-emotional processing, as demonstrated in healthy subjects and in patients with neurological or psychiatric diseases, especially in the field of neurodegenerative disorders. A good knowledge of those functions and the symptoms associated with temporal pole lesions or dysfunctions is helpful to identify these diseases, whose diagnosis may otherwise be difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Herlin
- APHP Pitie-Salpêtrière-Charles-Foix, Epileptology Unit, Paris, France.
| | - Vincent Navarro
- APHP Pitie-Salpêtrière-Charles-Foix, Epileptology Unit, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, UPMC, Paris, France; APHP Pitie-Salpêtrière-Charles-Foix, Neurophysiology Unit, Paris, France; Brain and Spine Institute (INSERM UMRS1127, CNRS UMR7225, UPMC), Paris, France
| | - Sophie Dupont
- APHP Pitie-Salpêtrière-Charles-Foix, Epileptology Unit, Paris, France; Sorbonne University, UPMC, Paris, France; Brain and Spine Institute (INSERM UMRS1127, CNRS UMR7225, UPMC), Paris, France; APHP Pitie-Salpêtrière-Charles-Foix, Rehabilitation Unit, Paris, France
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9
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Effect of corpus callosum agenesis on the language network in children and adolescents. Brain Struct Funct 2021; 226:701-713. [PMID: 33496825 PMCID: PMC7981296 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02203-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study is interested in the role of the corpus callosum in the development of the language network. We, therefore, investigated language abilities and the language network using task-based fMRI in three cases of complete agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC), three cases of partial ACC and six controls. Although the children with complete ACC revealed impaired functions in specific language domains, no child with partial ACC showed a test score below average. As a group, ACC children performed significantly worse than healthy controls in verbal fluency and naming. Furthermore, whole-brain ROI-to-ROI connectivity analyses revealed reduced intrahemispheric and right intrahemispheric functional connectivity in ACC patients as compared to controls. In addition, stronger functional connectivity between left and right temporal areas was associated with better language abilities in the ACC group. In healthy controls, no association between language abilities and connectivity was found. Our results show that ACC is associated not only with less interhemispheric, but also with less right intrahemispheric language network connectivity in line with reduced verbal abilities. The present study, thus, supports the excitatory role of the corpus callosum in functional language network connectivity and language abilities.
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10
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Thiede A, Glerean E, Kujala T, Parkkonen L. Atypical MEG inter-subject correlation during listening to continuous natural speech in dyslexia. Neuroimage 2020; 216:116799. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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11
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Krüger MT, Hu A, Honey CR. Deep Brain Stimulation for Spasmodic Dysphonia: A Blinded Comparison of Unilateral and Bilateral Stimulation in Two Patients. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 2020; 98:200-205. [PMID: 32316007 DOI: 10.1159/000507058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising new therapy for patients with spasmodic dysphonia (SD). The preliminary results from our randomized controlled trial showed good clinical effects with unilateral left thalamic stimulation in 6 right- handed patients. This suggests that the pathological process underpinning SD may have a "hemisphere dominant" pathway. We describe 2 patients with concurrent essential tremor and SD who had previously undergone bilateral thalamic DBS for their limb tremor. Both patients experienced an unanticipated improvement of their SD symptoms. One patient was right-handed, and the other was mixed left-handed. To investigate the amount of SD improvement following DBS therapy in each hemisphere, 4 different settings were tested: both sides on, left side on, right side on, and both sides off. Both patients most improved following bilateral stimulation. There was, however, a powerful unilateral benefit in both patients with only a small additional benefit from bilateral stimulation. The right-handed patient improved most with left-hemisphere stimulation whereas the mixed left-handed patient improved most with right hemisphere stimulation. There was some discrepancy between the two tests applied in the second patient reflecting the known difficulties to evaluate vocal symptom improvement in SD. We discuss the possible correlation of handedness and speech hemisphere dominance as well as the need for more reliable tests to measure SD severity. Ultimately, we recommend a bilateral approach for future studies, using a patient perception test as the primary outcome and functional imaging to further investigate the correlation of handedness and the amount of hemisphere dominance in SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie T Krüger
- Division of Neurosurgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, .,Department of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland, .,Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,
| | - Amanda Hu
- Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher R Honey
- Division of Neurosurgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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12
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Wiberg A, Ng M, Al Omran Y, Alfaro-Almagro F, McCarthy P, Marchini J, Bennett DL, Smith S, Douaud G, Furniss D. Handedness, language areas and neuropsychiatric diseases: insights from brain imaging and genetics. Brain 2019; 142:2938-2947. [PMID: 31504236 PMCID: PMC6763735 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ninety per cent of the human population has been right-handed since the Paleolithic, yet the brain signature and genetic basis of handedness remain poorly characterized. Here, we correlated brain imaging phenotypes from ∼9000 UK Biobank participants with handedness, and with loci found significantly associated with handedness after we performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in ∼400 000 of these participants. Our imaging-handedness analysis revealed an increase in functional connectivity between left and right language networks in left-handers. GWAS of handedness uncovered four significant loci (rs199512, rs45608532, rs13017199, and rs3094128), three of which are in-or expression quantitative trait loci of-genes encoding proteins involved in brain development and patterning. These included microtubule-related MAP2 and MAPT, as well as WNT3 and MICB, all implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and schizophrenia. In particular, with rs199512, we identified a common genetic influence on handedness, psychiatric phenotypes, Parkinson's disease, and the integrity of white matter tracts connecting the same language-related regions identified in the handedness-imaging analysis. This study has identified in the general population genome-wide significant loci for human handedness in, and expression quantitative trait loci of, genes associated with brain development, microtubules and patterning. We suggest that these genetic variants contribute to neurodevelopmental lateralization of brain organization, which in turn influences both the handedness phenotype and the predisposition to develop certain neurological and psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Wiberg
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael Ng
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yasser Al Omran
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fidel Alfaro-Almagro
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul McCarthy
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - David L Bennett
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen Smith
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gwenaëlle Douaud
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dominic Furniss
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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One size fits all does not apply to brain lateralisation: Comment on "Phenotypes in hemispheric functional segregation? Perspectives and challenges" by Guy Vingerhoets. Phys Life Rev 2019; 30:30-33. [PMID: 31377201 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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O'Regan L, Serrien DJ. Individual Differences and Hemispheric Asymmetries for Language and Spatial Attention. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:380. [PMID: 30337864 PMCID: PMC6180149 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Language and spatial processing are cognitive functions that are asymmetrically distributed across both cerebral hemispheres. In the present study, we compare left- and right-handers on word comprehension using a divided visual field paradigm and spatial attention using a landmark task. We investigate hemispheric asymmetries by assessing the participants' behavioral metrics; response accuracy, reaction time and their laterality index. The data showed that right-handers benefitted more from left-hemispheric lateralization for language comprehension and right-hemispheric lateralization for spatial attention than left-handers. Furthermore, left-handers demonstrated a more variable distribution across both hemispheres, supporting a less focal profile of functional brain organization. Taken together, the results underline that handedness distinctively modulates hemispheric processing and behavioral performance during verbal and nonverbal tasks. In particular, typical lateralization is most prevalent for right-handers whereas atypical lateralization is more evident for left-handers. These insights contribute to the understanding of individual variation of brain asymmetries and the mechanisms related to changes in cerebral dominance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise O'Regan
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah J Serrien
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Lim LH, Idris Z, Reza F, Wan Hassan WMN, Mukmin LA, Abdullah JM. Language Mapping in Awake Surgery: Report of Two Cases with Review of Language Networks. Asian J Neurosurg 2018; 13:507-513. [PMID: 29682074 PMCID: PMC5898145 DOI: 10.4103/ajns.ajns_176_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of language in communication plays a crucial role in human development and function. In patients who have a surgical lesion at the functional language areas, surgery should be intricately planned to avoid incurring further morbidity. This normally requires extensive functional and anatomical mappings of the brain to identify regions that are involved in language processing and production. In our case report, regions of the brain that are important for language functions were studied before surgery by employing (a) extraoperative methods such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, transmagnetic stimulation, and magnetoencephalography; (b) during the surgery by utilizing intraoperative awake surgical methods such as an intraoperative electrical stimulation; and (c) a two-stage surgery, in which electrical stimulation and first mapping are made thoroughly in the ward before second remapping during surgery. The extraoperative methods before surgery can guide the neurosurgeon to localize the functional language regions and tracts preoperatively. This will be confirmed using single-stage intraoperative electrical brain stimulation during surgery or a two-stage electrical brain stimulation before and during surgery. Here, we describe two cases in whom one has a superficial lesion and another a deep-seated lesion at language-related regions, in which language mapping was done to preserve its function. Additional review on the neuroanatomy of language regions, language network, and its impairment was also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Hooi Lim
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zamzuri Idris
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Center for Neuroscience Service and Research, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Faruque Reza
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Mohd Nazaruddin Wan Hassan
- Department of Anaesthesia, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Laila Abd Mukmin
- Department of Anaesthesia, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Jafri Malin Abdullah
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Center for Neuroscience Service and Research, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Uomini NT, Ruck L. Manual laterality and cognition through evolution: An archeological perspective. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2018; 238:295-323. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Hodgson JC, Hudson JM. Speech lateralization and motor control. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2018; 238:145-178. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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The zero effect: voxel-based lesion symptom mapping of number transcoding errors following stroke. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9242. [PMID: 28835619 PMCID: PMC5569065 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08728-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Zero represents a special case in our numerical system because it is not represented on a semantic level. Former research has shown that this can lead to specific impairments when transcoding numerals from dictation to written digits. Even though, number processing is considered to be dominated by the left hemisphere, studies have indicated that both left as well as right hemispheric stroke patients commit errors when transcoding numerals including zeros. Here, for the first time, a large sample of subacute stroke patients (N = 667) was assessed without being preselected based on the location of their lesion, or a specific impairment in transcoding zero. The results show that specific errors in transcoding zeros were common (prevalence = 14.2%) and a voxel-based lesion symptom mapping analysis (n = 153) revealed these to be related to lesions in and around the right putamen. In line with former research, the present study argues that the widespread brain network for number processing also includes subcortical regions, like the putamen with connections to the insular cortex. These play a crucial role in auditory perception as well as attention. If these areas are lesioned, number processing tasks with higher attentional and working memory loads, like transcoding zeros, can be impaired.
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Dole M, Méary D, Pascalis O. Modifications of Visual Field Asymmetries for Face Categorization in Early Deaf Adults: A Study With Chimeric Faces. Front Psychol 2017; 8:30. [PMID: 28163692 PMCID: PMC5247456 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Right hemisphere lateralization for face processing is well documented in typical populations. At the behavioral level, this right hemisphere bias is often related to a left visual field (LVF) bias. A conventional mean to study this phenomenon consists of using chimeric faces that are composed of the left and right parts of two faces. In this paradigm, participants generally use the left part of the chimeric face, mostly processed through the right optic tract, to determine its identity, gender or age. To assess the impact of early auditory deprivation on face processing abilities, we tested the LVF bias in a group of early deaf participants and hearing controls. In two experiments, deaf and hearing participants performed a gender categorization task with chimeric and normal average faces. Over the two experiments the results confirmed the presence of a LVF bias in participants, which was less frequent in deaf participants. This result suggested modifications of hemispheric lateralization for face processing in deaf participants. In Experiment 2 we also recorded eye movements to examine whether the LVF bias could be related to face scanning behavior. In this second study, participants performed a similar task while we recorded eye movements using an eye tracking system. Using areas of interest analysis we observed that the proportion of fixations on the mouth relatively to the other areas was increased in deaf participants in comparison with the hearing group. This was associated with a decrease of the proportion of fixations on the eyes. In addition these measures were correlated to the LVF bias suggesting a relationship between the LVF bias and the patterns of facial exploration. Taken together, these results suggest that early auditory deprivation results in plasticity phenomenon affecting the perception of static faces through modifications of hemispheric lateralization and of gaze behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Dole
- Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition, CNRS UMR 5105, Université Grenoble-AlpesGrenoble, France; Gipsa-Lab, Département Parole et Cognition, CNRS UMR 5216, Université Grenoble-AlpesGrenoble, France
| | - David Méary
- Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition, CNRS UMR 5105, Université Grenoble-Alpes Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Pascalis
- Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition, CNRS UMR 5105, Université Grenoble-Alpes Grenoble, France
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Pseudoneglect in line bisection judgement is associated with a modulation of right hemispheric spatial attention dominance in right-handers. Neuropsychologia 2017; 94:75-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Multi-factorial modulation of hemispheric specialization and plasticity for language in healthy and pathological conditions: A review. Cortex 2017; 86:314-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
The left hemisphere is usually predominant in manual skills and language, suggesting a link between hand dominance and language. Studies of autism spectrum disorder show atypical handedness; however, few have examined language-handedness associations. Handedness, assessed by task performance, and standardized receptive and expressive language tests were completed in 110 autism spectrum disorder children (96 boys; M age = 8.3 years, SD = 3.8) and 45 typically developing children (37 boys; M age = 8.6 years, SD = 4.3), 3 to 17 years of age. The autism spectrum disorder group had a lower handedness score (was less strongly lateralized) than the control group. In the autism spectrum disorder group, there was a small effect of handedness on language; right-handers had better language than non-right-handers. Results suggest poorer language prognosis may be associated with left- or mixed-handedness in autism spectrum disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey A Knaus
- Department of Neurology, Brain and Behavior Program at Children's Hospital, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jodi Kamps
- Department of Psychology, Children's Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Anne L Foundas
- Department of Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
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Elmer S, Kühnis J. Functional Connectivity in the Left Dorsal Stream Facilitates Simultaneous Language Translation: An EEG Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:60. [PMID: 26924976 PMCID: PMC4759282 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical speech processing is dependent on the mutual interdependence of two distinctive processing streams supporting sound-to-meaning (i.e., ventral stream) and sound-to-articulation (i.e., dorsal stream) mapping. Here, we compared the strengths of intracranial functional connectivity between two main hubs of the dorsal stream, namely the left auditory-related cortex (ARC) and Broca’s region, in a sample of simultaneous interpreters (SIs) and multilingual control subjects while the participants performed a mixed and unmixed auditory semantic decision task. Under normal listening conditions such kind of tasks are known to initiate a spread of activation along the ventral stream. However, due to extensive and specific training, here we predicted that SIs will more strongly recruit the dorsal pathway in order to pre-activate the speech codes of the corresponding translation. In line with this reasoning, EEG results demonstrate increased left-hemispheric theta phase synchronization in SLI compared to multilingual control participants during early task-related processing stages. In addition, within the SI group functional connectivity strength in the left dorsal pathway was positively related to the cumulative number of training hours across lifespan, and inversely correlated with the age of training commencement. Hence, we propose that the alignment of neuronal oscillations between brain regions involved in “hearing” and “speaking” results from an intertwining of training, sensitive period, and predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Elmer
- Auditory Research Group Zurich (ARGZ), Division Neuropsychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürg Kühnis
- Auditory Research Group Zurich (ARGZ), Division Neuropsychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland
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25
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Sanai N, Berger MS. Techniques in the Resection of Gliomas. Neurooncol Pract 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/nop/npv048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Gao Q, Wang J, Yu C, Chen H. Effect of handedness on brain activity patterns and effective connectivity network during the semantic task of Chinese characters. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18262. [PMID: 26666706 PMCID: PMC4678893 DOI: 10.1038/srep18262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing efforts have been denoted to elucidating the effective connectivity (EC) among brain regions recruited by certain language task; however, it remains unclear the impact of handedness on the EC network underlying language processing. In particularly, this has not been investigated in Chinese language, which shows several differences from alphabetic language. This study thereby explored the functional activity patterns and the EC network during a Chinese semantic task based on functional MRI data of healthy left handers (LH) and right handers (RH). We found that RH presented a left lateralized activity pattern in cerebral cortex and a right lateralized pattern in cerebellum; while LH were less lateralized than RH in both cerebral and cerebellar areas. The conditional Granger causality method in deconvolved BOLD level further demonstrated more interhemispheric directional connections in LH than RH group, suggesting better bihemispheric coordination and increased interhemispheric communication in LH. Furthermore, we found significantly increased EC from right middle occipital gyrus to bilateral insula (INS) while decreased EC from left INS to left precentral gyrus in LH group comparing to RH group, implying that handedness may differentiate the causal relationship of information processing in integration of visual-spatial analysis and semantic word retrieval of Chinese characters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Gao
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Junping Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Chunshui Yu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Huafu Chen
- Key laboratory for Neuroinformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
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Hawkins S. Situational influences on rhythmicity in speech, music, and their interaction. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2015; 369:20130398. [PMID: 25385776 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain processes underlying the production and perception of rhythm indicate considerable flexibility in how physical signals are interpreted. This paper explores how that flexibility might play out in rhythmicity in speech and music. There is much in common across the two domains, but there are also significant differences. Interpretations are explored that reconcile some of the differences, particularly with respect to how functional properties modify the rhythmicity of speech, within limits imposed by its structural constraints. Functional and structural differences mean that music is typically more rhythmic than speech, and that speech will be more rhythmic when the emotions are more strongly engaged, or intended to be engaged. The influence of rhythmicity on attention is acknowledged, and it is suggested that local increases in rhythmicity occur at times when attention is required to coordinate joint action, whether in talking or music-making. Evidence is presented which suggests that while these short phases of heightened rhythmical behaviour are crucial to the success of transitions in communicative interaction, their modality is immaterial: they all function to enhance precise temporal prediction and hence tightly coordinated joint action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hawkins
- Centre for Music and Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Petit L, Zago L, Mellet E, Jobard G, Crivello F, Joliot M, Mazoyer B, Tzourio‐Mazoyer N. Strong rightward lateralization of the dorsal attentional network in left-handers with right sighting-eye: an evolutionary advantage. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:1151-64. [PMID: 25409934 PMCID: PMC6869826 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemispheric lateralization for spatial attention and its relationships with manual preference strength and eye preference were studied in a sample of 293 healthy individuals balanced for manual preference. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to map this large sample while performing visually guided saccadic eye movements. This activated a bilateral distributed cortico-subcortical network in which dorsal and ventral attentional/saccadic pathways elicited rightward asymmetrical activation depending on manual preference strength and sighting eye. While the ventral pathway showed a strong rightward asymmetry irrespective of both manual preference strength and eye preference, the dorsal frontoparietal network showed a robust rightward asymmetry in strongly left-handers, even more pronounced in left-handed subjects with a right sighting-eye. Our findings brings support to the hypothesis that the origin of the rightward hemispheric dominance for spatial attention may have a manipulo-spatial origin neither perceptual nor motor per se but rather reflecting a mechanism by which a spatial context is mapped onto the perceptual and motor activities, including the exploration of the spatial environment with eyes and hands. Within this context, strongly left-handers with a right sighting-eye may benefit from the advantage of having the same right hemispheric control of their dominant hand and visuospatial attention processing. We suggest that this phenomenon explains why left-handed right sighting-eye athletes can outperform their competitors in sporting duels and that the prehistoric and historical constancy of the left-handers ratio over the general population may relate in part on the hemispheric specialization of spatial attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Petit
- Université BordeauxGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CNRSGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CEAGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
| | - Laure Zago
- Université BordeauxGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CNRSGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CEAGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
| | - Emmanuel Mellet
- Université BordeauxGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CNRSGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CEAGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
| | - Gaël Jobard
- Université BordeauxGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CNRSGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CEAGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
| | - Fabrice Crivello
- Université BordeauxGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CNRSGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CEAGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
| | - Marc Joliot
- Université BordeauxGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CNRSGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CEAGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
| | - Bernard Mazoyer
- Université BordeauxGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CNRSGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CEAGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
| | - Nathalie Tzourio‐Mazoyer
- Université BordeauxGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CNRSGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
- CEAGINUMR5296BordeauxFrance
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Royer C, Delcroix N, Leroux E, Alary M, Razafimandimby A, Brazo P, Delamillieure P, Dollfus S. Functional and structural brain asymmetries in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. Schizophr Res 2015; 161:210-4. [PMID: 25476118 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Revised: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare the functional and gray matter asymmetries in patients with schizophrenia (SZ), patients with bipolar disorders (BD), and healthy controls (HCs) to test whether decreased leftward functional hemispheric lateralization and gray matter volume asymmetry could mark the boundary between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. METHODS A total of 31 right-handed SZ and 20 right-handed BD underwent a session of functional MRI with a speech listening paradigm. Participants were matched with HCs for gender, age, and education. Functional laterality indices (FLI) and gray matter volume asymmetry indices (GVAI) were computed from the individual functional language network. Correlations between the FLI and GVAI indices were also examined. RESULTS SZ exhibited significantly decreased leftward functional hemispheric lateralization whereas BD did not. The GVAIs did not differ significantly between SZ and HCs or between BD and HCs. There were positive correlations between GVAIs and FLIs in all groups. CONCLUSIONS Loss of laterality for language comprehension with retention of gray matter volume asymmetry indicates that gray matter loss alone will not account for the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Impaired leftward functional hemispheric lateralization for language but not gray matter volume asymmetry can be considered a biomarker of SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Royer
- CNRS, UMR 6301 ISTCT, ISTS Team, GIP CYCERON, Bd Henri Becquerel, BP5229, F-14074 Cedex Caen, France
| | - Nicolas Delcroix
- CNRS, UMS 3408, GIP CYCERON, Bd Henri Becquerel, BP5229, F-14074 Cedex Caen, France
| | - Elise Leroux
- CNRS, UMR 6301 ISTCT, ISTS Team, GIP CYCERON, Bd Henri Becquerel, BP5229, F-14074 Cedex Caen, France; CHU de Caen, Service de Psychiatrie, Centre Esquirol, Caen, F-14000, France
| | - Mathieu Alary
- CNRS, UMR 6301 ISTCT, ISTS Team, GIP CYCERON, Bd Henri Becquerel, BP5229, F-14074 Cedex Caen, France
| | - Annick Razafimandimby
- CNRS, UMR 6301 ISTCT, ISTS Team, GIP CYCERON, Bd Henri Becquerel, BP5229, F-14074 Cedex Caen, France; Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, IBFA, Caen, F-14000, France
| | - Perrine Brazo
- CNRS, UMR 6301 ISTCT, ISTS Team, GIP CYCERON, Bd Henri Becquerel, BP5229, F-14074 Cedex Caen, France; CHU de Caen, Service de Psychiatrie, Centre Esquirol, Caen, F-14000, France; Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UFR de médecine (Medical School), Caen, F-14000, France
| | - Pascal Delamillieure
- CNRS, UMR 6301 ISTCT, ISTS Team, GIP CYCERON, Bd Henri Becquerel, BP5229, F-14074 Cedex Caen, France; CHU de Caen, Service de Psychiatrie, Centre Esquirol, Caen, F-14000, France; Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UFR de médecine (Medical School), Caen, F-14000, France
| | - Sonia Dollfus
- CNRS, UMR 6301 ISTCT, ISTS Team, GIP CYCERON, Bd Henri Becquerel, BP5229, F-14074 Cedex Caen, France; CHU de Caen, Service de Psychiatrie, Centre Esquirol, Caen, F-14000, France; Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, UFR de médecine (Medical School), Caen, F-14000, France.
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Li M, Chen H, Wang J, Liu F, Wang Y, Lu F, Yu C, Chen H. Increased cortical thickness and altered functional connectivity of the right superior temporal gyrus in left-handers. Neuropsychologia 2014; 67:27-34. [PMID: 25438031 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Altered structure in the temporal cortex has been implicated in the variable language laterality of left-handers (LH). The neuroanatomy of language lateralization and the corresponding synchronous functional connectivity (FC) in handedness cohorts are not, however, fully understood. We used structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to investigate the effect of altered cortical thickness on FC in LH and right-handers (RH). Whole-brain cortical thickness was calculated and compared between the LH and RH. We observed increased cortical thickness in the right superior temporal gyrus (STG) in the LH. A further FC analysis was conducted between the right STG and the remaining voxels in the brain. Compared with RH, the LH showed significantly higher FC in the left STG, right occipital cortex, and lower FC in the left inferior frontal gyrus and supramarginal gyrus. Our findings suggest that LH have atypical connectivity in the language network, with an enhanced role of the STG, findings which provide novel insights into the structural and functional substrates underlying the atypical language development of left-handed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Li
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Heng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Junping Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Fengmei Lu
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Chunshui Yu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Huafu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
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Elmer S, Hänggi J, Jäncke L. Interhemispheric transcallosal connectivity between the left and right planum temporale predicts musicianship, performance in temporal speech processing, and functional specialization. Brain Struct Funct 2014; 221:331-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-014-0910-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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32
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Spatial distribution and longitudinal development of deep cortical sulcal landmarks in infants. Neuroimage 2014; 100:206-18. [PMID: 24945660 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulcal pits, the locally deepest points in sulci of the highly convoluted and variable cerebral cortex, are found to be spatially consistent across human adult individuals. It is suggested that sulcal pits are genetically controlled and have close relationships with functional areas. To date, the existing imaging studies of sulcal pits are mainly focused on adult brains, yet little is known about the spatial distribution and temporal development of sulcal pits in the first 2 years of life, which is the most dynamic and critical period of postnatal brain development. Studying sulcal pits during this period would greatly enrich our limited understandings of the origins and developmental trajectories of sulcal pits, and would also provide important insights into many neurodevelopmental disorders associated with abnormal cortical foldings. In this paper, by using surface-based morphometry, for the first time, we systemically investigated the spatial distribution and temporal development of sulcal pits in major cortical sulci from 73 healthy infants, each with three longitudinal 3T MR scans at term birth, 1 year, and 2 years of age. Our results suggest that the spatially consistent distributions of sulcal pits in major sulci across individuals have already existed at term birth and this spatial distribution pattern keeps relatively stable in the first 2 years of life, despite that the cerebral cortex expands dramatically and the sulcal depth increases considerably during this period. Specially, the depth of sulcal pits increases regionally heterogeneously, with more rapid growth in the high-order association cortex, including the prefrontal and temporal cortices, than the sensorimotor cortex in the first 2 years of life. Meanwhile, our results also suggest that there exist hemispheric asymmetries of the spatial distributions of sulcal pits in several cortical regions, such as the central, superior temporal and postcentral sulci, consistently from birth to 2 years of age, which likely has close relationships with the lateralization of brain functions of these regions. This study provides detailed insights into the spatial distribution and temporal development of deep sulcal landmarks in infants.
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Guadalupe T, Willems RM, Zwiers MP, Arias Vasquez A, Hoogman M, Hagoort P, Fernandez G, Buitelaar J, Franke B, Fisher SE, Francks C. Differences in cerebral cortical anatomy of left- and right-handers. Front Psychol 2014; 5:261. [PMID: 24734025 PMCID: PMC3975119 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The left and right sides of the human brain are specialized for different kinds of information processing, and much of our cognition is lateralized to an extent toward one side or the other. Handedness is a reflection of nervous system lateralization. Roughly ten percent of people are mixed- or left-handed, and they show an elevated rate of reductions or reversals of some cerebral functional asymmetries compared to right-handers. Brain anatomical correlates of left-handedness have also been suggested. However, the relationships of left-handedness to brain structure and function remain far from clear. We carried out a comprehensive analysis of cortical surface area differences between 106 left-handed subjects and 1960 right-handed subjects, measured using an automated method of regional parcellation (FreeSurfer, Destrieux atlas). This is the largest study sample that has so far been used in relation to this issue. No individual cortical region showed an association with left-handedness that survived statistical correction for multiple testing, although there was a nominally significant association with the surface area of a previously implicated region: the left precentral sulcus. Identifying brain structural correlates of handedness may prove useful for genetic studies of cerebral asymmetries, as well as providing new avenues for the study of relations between handedness, cerebral lateralization and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulio Guadalupe
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Nijmegen, Netherlands ; International Max Planck Research School for Language Sciences Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Roel M Willems
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen, Netherlands ; Neurobiology of Language Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marcel P Zwiers
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Arias Vasquez
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands ; Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands ; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Martine Hoogman
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Nijmegen, Netherlands ; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Peter Hagoort
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen, Netherlands ; Neurobiology of Language Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Guillen Fernandez
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen, Netherlands ; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jan Buitelaar
- Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands ; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands ; Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands ; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Nijmegen, Netherlands ; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Clyde Francks
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Nijmegen, Netherlands ; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Heschl’s gyrification pattern is related to speech-listening hemispheric lateralization: FMRI investigation in 281 healthy volunteers. Brain Struct Funct 2014; 220:1585-99. [PMID: 24638878 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-014-0746-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Alary M, Delcroix N, Leroux E, Razafimandimby A, Brazo P, Delamillieure P, Dollfus S. Functional hemispheric lateralization for language in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2013; 149:42-7. [PMID: 23830545 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is widely reported that patients with schizophrenia exhibit decreased hemispheric lateralization. However, no study has evaluated relationships between the hemispheric anatomical and functional asymmetry in language areas. The present study aimed to determine whether decreased leftward hemispheric lateralization could be related to asymmetry of the grey matter volume in patients with schizophrenia. This investigation was the first to use a functional index of laterality to analyze the global functional network specifically involved in the language task. METHODS Twenty-seven right-handed patients with schizophrenia and 54 right-handed control subjects underwent a session of a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a speech listening paradigm. Functional laterality indices (FLI) were calculated (Wilke, M. and Lidzba, K., 2007. LI-tool: a new toolbox to assess lateralization in functional MR-data. J Neurosci Methods. 163, 128-136). The indices of asymmetry in the volume of grey matter (GVAIs) were computed from the functional language network. RESULTS Patients with schizophrenia exhibited significantly decreased leftward hemispheric lateralization. There was a positive correlation between GVAIs and FLIs in healthy subjects, while no such correlation was seen in patients with schizophrenia. DISCUSSION This study reports for the first time a significant relationship between the anatomical and functional asymmetry in healthy subjects, but not in patients with schizophrenia. While decreased leftward functional lateralization for language was observed in patients with schizophrenia compared to the control group, this functional abnormality was not related to asymmetry in the volume of grey matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Alary
- CNRS, UMR 6301, ISTS team. GIP CYCERON, F-14074 Caen, France
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Green KMJ, Julyan PJ, Hastings DL, Ramsden RT. Cortical activations in sequential bilateral cochlear implant users. Cochlear Implants Int 2013; 12:3-9. [DOI: 10.1179/146701010x486507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In recent years, the safety and efficacy of neurosurgical intervention has rapidly improved for brain tumor patients. Technological advances, combined with refined intraoperative techniques, now enable well tolerated surgical access to any region of the human brain. For patients with gliomas, these improvements have redefined the clinical possibilities, and here we review several emerging operative strategies that are essential for next-generation neurosurgical oncologists and major brain tumor centers. RECENT FINDINGS The value of glioma extent of resection remains controversial, but review of the modern literature reveals important opportunities for early neurosurgical intervention. Although microsurgical resection must be balanced by the risk of neurological compromise, improvements in intraoperative stimulation techniques now enable resection of highly eloquent tumors with minimal morbidity. Additionally, the emergence of fluorescence-guided surgery as a new operative paradigm provides a unique opportunity to resect tumors to the margins of microscopic infiltration. SUMMARY Neurosurgical intervention remains the first step in effective glioma management. With intraoperative mapping techniques, aggressive microsurgical resection can be safely pursued even when tumors occupy essential functional pathways. With the development of tumor-specific fluorophores, such as 5-aminolevulinic acid, real-time microscopic visualization of tumor infiltration can be surgically targeted prior to adjuvant therapy.
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Evolutionary origins of human handedness: evaluating contrasting hypotheses. Anim Cogn 2013; 16:531-42. [PMID: 23546932 PMCID: PMC3684717 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-013-0626-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Variation in methods and measures, resulting in past dispute over the existence of population handedness in nonhuman great apes, has impeded progress into the origins of human right-handedness and how it relates to the human hallmark of language. Pooling evidence from behavioral studies, neuroimaging and neuroanatomy, we evaluate data on manual and cerebral laterality in humans and other apes engaged in a range of manipulative tasks and in gestural communication. A simplistic human/animal partition is no longer tenable, and we review four (nonexclusive) possible drivers for the origin of population-level right-handedness: skilled manipulative activity, as in tool use; communicative gestures; organizational complexity of action, in particular hierarchical structure; and the role of intentionality in goal-directed action. Fully testing these hypotheses will require developmental and evolutionary evidence as well as modern neuroimaging data.
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Hwang JH, Chen JC, Yang WS, Liu TC. Waist circumference is associated with pitch pattern sequence score in older male adults. Int J Audiol 2012; 51:920-5. [PMID: 23072653 DOI: 10.3109/14992027.2012.721933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While obesity may increase the risk for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, the relationship between waist circumference (WC) and central auditory dysfunction is unknown. We aimed to investigate the relationship of WC and pitch pattern sequence (PPS) score in adults. DESIGN The association of WC with PPS score was analysed. STUDY SAMPLE Volunteer helpers at a community hospital, 391 adults ≥40 years, with normal or symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss were randomly selected. RESULTS After adjusting for age, gender, pure-tone average, systemic diseases, and habits, WC was significantly negatively associated with PPS. In a subgroup analysis by gender and age, the PPS score was negatively associated with WC only for males who were older than 55 years old, but not for males who were younger than 55 years old or females in either age group. Meanwhile, central obesity showed positive association with abnormal PPS recognition ability (PPS score < 90%) of borderline significance only for males who were older than 55 years old, but not for males who were younger than 55 years old or females in both age groups. CONCLUSIONS WC or central obesity is an independent risk factor for poor central auditory function, especially in older male subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juen-Haur Hwang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Buddhist Dalin Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
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Travers BG, Adluru N, Ennis C, Tromp DPM, Destiche D, Doran S, Bigler ED, Lange N, Lainhart JE, Alexander AL. Diffusion tensor imaging in autism spectrum disorder: a review. Autism Res 2012; 5:289-313. [PMID: 22786754 PMCID: PMC3474893 DOI: 10.1002/aur.1243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
White matter tracts of the brain allow neurons and neuronal networks to communicate and function with high efficiency. The aim of this review is to briefly introduce diffusion tensor imaging methods that examine white matter tracts and then to give an overview of the studies that have investigated white matter integrity in the brains of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). From the 48 studies we reviewed, persons with ASD tended to have decreased fractional anisotropy and increased mean diffusivity in white matter tracts spanning many regions of the brain but most consistently in regions such as the corpus callosum, cingulum, and aspects of the temporal lobe. This decrease in fractional anisotropy was often accompanied by increased radial diffusivity. Additionally, the review suggests possible atypical lateralization in some white matter tracts of the brain and a possible atypical developmental trajectory of white matter microstructure in persons with ASD. Clinical implications and future research directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany G Travers
- Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA.
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Sanai N, Berger MS. Recent Surgical Management of Gliomas. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 746:12-25. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-3146-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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Beratis IN, Rabavilas AD, Papadimitriou GN, Papageorgiou C. Eysenck’s model of personality and psychopathological components in right- and left-handers. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2010.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Somers M, Neggers SF, Diederen KM, Boks MP, Kahn RS, Sommer IE. The Measurement of Language Lateralization with Functional Transcranial Doppler and Functional MRI: A Critical Evaluation. Front Hum Neurosci 2011; 5:31. [PMID: 21483761 PMCID: PMC3069547 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2011.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral language lateralization can be assessed in several ways. In healthy subjects, functional MRI (fMRI) during performance of a language task has evolved to be the most frequently applied method. Functional transcranial Doppler (fTCD) may provide a valid alternative, but has been used rarely. Both techniques have their own strengths and weaknesses and as a result may be applied in different fields of research. Until now, only one relatively small study (n = 13) investigated the correlation between lateralization indices (LIs) measured by fTCD and fMRI and showed a remarkably high correlation. To further evaluate the correlation between LIs measured with fTCD and fMRI, we compared LIs of 22 healthy subjects (12 left- and 10 right-handed) using the same word generation paradigm for the fTCD as for the fMRI experiment. LIs measured with fTCD were highly but imperfectly correlated with LIs measured with fMRI (Spearman's rho = 0.75, p < 0.001). The imperfectness of the correlation can partially be explained by methodological restrictions of fMRI as well as fTCD. Our results suggest that fTCD can be a valid alternative for fMRI to measure lateralization, particularly when costs or mobility are important factors in the study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metten Somers
- Department of Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht, Netherlands
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Razafimandimby A, Tzourio-Mazoyer N, Mazoyer B, Maïza O, Dollfus S. Language lateralization in left-handed patients with schizophrenia. Neuropsychologia 2011; 49:313-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2009] [Revised: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond A. Mar
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto M3J 1P3 Canada;
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46
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Action relations facilitate the identification of briefly-presented objects. Atten Percept Psychophys 2010; 73:597-612. [DOI: 10.3758/s13414-010-0043-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Left hemisphere lateralization for language in right-handers is controlled in part by familial sinistrality, manual preference strength, and head size. J Neurosci 2010; 30:13314-8. [PMID: 20926657 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2593-10.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of familial sinistrality (FS+; presence of left-handedness in one's close relatives), manual preference strength (MPS), and head size on the hemispheric lateralization of language in right-handers. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to map 49 individuals while listening to a story in their mother tongue. We found that individuals who had both the FS+ trait and weak MPS had no left hemisphere dominance for this lexicosyntactic task, whereas others showed a leftward functional asymmetry. In addition, the smaller the brain size, the smaller the leftward asymmetry for language, independent of FS and MPS. None of these effects were observed when the same subjects performed a spatial attention task that elicited right hemispheric functional asymmetry. These results demonstrate that the left hemisphere dominance for language in right-handers is a variable controlled, in part, by a number of specific factors, including FS, MPS, and head size.
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Poststroke aphasia recovery assessed with functional magnetic resonance imaging and a picture identification task. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2010; 20:336-45. [PMID: 20719532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2010.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke patients often display deficits in language function, such as correctly naming objects. Our aim was to evaluate the reliability and the patterns of poststroke language recovery using a picture identification task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at 4 T. Four healthy subjects and 4 subjects with left middle cerebral artery stroke with chronic (>1 year) aphasia were enrolled in the study. In each subject, 10 fMRI scans were performed over a 10-week period using a picture-identification task. The active condition involved presenting subject with a panel of 4 figures (eg, drawings of 4 animals) every 6 seconds and asking the subject to indicate which figure matched the written name in the center. The control condition was a same/different judgment task with pairs of geometric figures (squares, octagons, or combination) presented every 6 seconds. Thirty-second active/control blocks were repeated 5 times each, and responses were recorded. The stoke subjects and controls had similar demographic characteristics, including age (46 vs 53 years), personal handedness (Edinburg Handedness Inventory, 89 vs 95), familial handedness (93 vs 95), and years of education (14.3 vs 14.8). For the active condition, the controls performed better than the stroke subjects (97.7% vs 89.1%; P < .001); the 2 groups performed similarly for the control condition (99.5% vs 98.8%; P = .23). On fMRI, the controls exhibited bilateral, L > R positive blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) activations in frontal and temporal language areas and symmetric retrosplenial and posterior cingulate areas and symmetric negative BOLD activations in bilateral frontotemporal language networks. In contrast, the stroke subjects exhibited positive BOLD activations predominantly in peristroke areas and negative BOLD activations in the unaffected (right) hemisphere. Both groups displayed high activation reliability (as measured by the intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]) in the left frontal and temporal language areas, although in the stroke subjects the ICC in the frontal regions was spread over a much larger peristroke area. This study documents the utility of the picture-identification task for poststroke language recovery evaluation. Our data suggest that adult stroke patients use functional peristroke areas to perform language functions.
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Sörqvist P, Marsh JE, Jahncke H. Hemispheric asymmetries in auditory distraction. Brain Cogn 2010; 74:79-87. [PMID: 20688422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2010.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2010] [Revised: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 06/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Serial-verbal short-term memory is impaired by irrelevant sound, particularly when the sound changes acoustically (the changing-state effect). In contrast, short-term recall of semantic information is impaired only by the semanticity of irrelevant speech, particularly when it is semantically related to the target memory items (the between-sequence semantic similarity effect). Previous research indicates that the changing-state effect is larger when the sound is presented to the left ear in comparison to the right ear, the left ear disadvantage. In this paper, we report a novel finding whereby the between-sequence semantic similarity effect is larger when the irrelevant speech is presented to the right ear in comparison to the left ear, but this right ear disadvantage is found only when meaning is the basis of recall (Experiments 1 and 3), not when order is the basis of recall (Experiment 2). Our results complement previous research on hemispheric asymmetry effects in cross-modal auditory distraction by demonstrating a role for the left hemisphere in semantic auditory distraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Sörqvist
- Department of Building, Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.
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Sanai N, Berger MS. Intraoperative stimulation techniques for functional pathway preservation and glioma resection. Neurosurg Focus 2010; 28:E1. [PMID: 20121436 DOI: 10.3171/2009.12.focus09266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although a primary tenet of neurosurgical oncology is that survival can improve with greater tumor resection, this principle must be tempered by the potential for functional loss following a radical removal. Preoperative planning with functional and physiological imaging paradigms, combined with intraoperative strategies such as cortical and subcortical stimulation mapping, can effectively reduce the risks associated with operating in eloquent territory. In addition to identifying critical motor pathways, these techniques can be adapted to identify language function reliably. The authors review the technical nuances of intraoperative mapping for low- and high-grade gliomas, demonstrating their efficacy in optimizing resection even in patients with negative mapping data. Collectively, these surgical strategies represent the cornerstone for operating on gliomas in and around functional pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Sanai
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.
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