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Coronado-Montoya S, Abdel-Baki A, Crockford D, Côté J, Dubreucq S, Dyachenko A, Fischer B, Lecomte T, L’Heureux S, Ouellet-Plamondon C, Roy MA, Tibbo P, Villeneuve M, Jutras-Aswad D. Preferences of Young Adults With Psychosis for Cannabis-Focused Harm Reduction Interventions: A Cross-Sectional Study: Préférences des jeunes adultes souffrant de psychose pour les interventions de réduction des méfaits axées sur le cannabis : une étude transversale. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2024; 69:524-535. [PMID: 38571478 PMCID: PMC11168346 DOI: 10.1177/07067437241242395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cannabis use is common in people with early-phase psychosis (EP) and is associated with worse treatment outcomes. Few targeted interventions for cannabis use behaviour in this population exist, most focusing on abstinence, none focusing on harm reduction. Many people with EP will not seek treatment for their cannabis use with current therapeutic options. Understanding preferences for cannabis-focused harm reduction interventions may be key to improving outcomes. This study aimed to determine preferences of young adults with EP who use cannabis for cannabis-focused harm reduction interventions. METHODS Eighty-nine young adults across Canada with EP interested in reducing cannabis-related harms were recruited. An online questionnaire combining conventional survey methodology and two unique discrete choice experiments (DCEs) was administered. One DCE focused on attributes of core harm reduction interventions (DCE 1) and the second on attributes of boosters (DCE 2). We analysed these using mixed ranked-ordered logistic regression models. Preference questions using conventional survey methodology were analysed using summary statistics. RESULTS Preferred characteristics for cannabis-focused harm reduction interventions (DCE 1) were: shorter sessions (60 min vs. 10 min, odds ratio (OR): 0.72; P < 0.001); less frequent sessions (daily vs. monthly, OR: 0.68; P < 0.001); shorter interventions (3 months vs. 1 month, OR: 0.80; P < 0.01); technology-based interventions (vs. in-person, OR: 1.17; P < 0.05). Preferences for post-intervention boosters (DCE 2) included opting into boosters (vs. opting out, OR: 3.53; P < 0.001) and having shorter boosters (3 months vs. 1 month, OR: 0.79; P < 0.01). Nearly half of the participants preferred to reduce cannabis use as a principal intervention goal (vs. using in less harmful ways or avoiding risky situations). CONCLUSIONS Further research is required to see if technology-based harm reduction interventions for cannabis featuring these preferences translate into greater engagement and improved outcomes in EP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Coronado-Montoya
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Amal Abdel-Baki
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - David Crockford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - José Côté
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Simon Dubreucq
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Alina Dyachenko
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Benedikt Fischer
- Centre for Applied Research in Addiction and Mental Health, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada
- Research & Graduate Studies Division, University of the Fraser Valley, Abbotsford, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tania Lecomte
- Department of Psychology, University of Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Sophie L’Heureux
- Clinique Notre-Dame des Victoires, Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Soins et Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Québec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Clairélaine Ouellet-Plamondon
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Marc-André Roy
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Laval University, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche CERVO, Québec, Canada
| | - Philip Tibbo
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Marie Villeneuve
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Didier Jutras-Aswad
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- University Institute on Addictions, Montréal, Canada
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Youssef C. Transformative Learning Theory and Its Application to the Delivery of Community Maintenance Programs for Men Who Have Sexually Offended. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2024; 68:871-891. [PMID: 35611561 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x221099491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Given public perceptions about those who have sexually offended, there tends to be a focus on offence-specific intervention programs in a bid to address re-offending risk. With a significant portion of the literature on sexual offending focused on the development and evaluation of interventions targeting this behavior, there is little that considers community maintenance programs (CMPs) or those programs in the community where those who are released from prison are attempting to reintegrate. Further, there is no known research considering the theoretical underpinnings of or a framework for delivering CMPs. This paper offers Transformative Learning Theory as a potential framework for the delivery of CMPs and offers that adult learning theory needs to be considered in the delivery of offending interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carollyne Youssef
- PsychOrium Forensic & Clinical Psychology Services, Manahan, NSW, Australia
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Pak SHL, Wang MP, Teitelman AM, Wong JYH, Fong DYT, Choi EPH. Nurse-Led Brief Intervention for Enhancing Safe Sex Practice Among Emerging Adults in Hong Kong Using Instant Messaging: Feasibility Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e52695. [PMID: 38506897 PMCID: PMC10993122 DOI: 10.2196/52695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of sexually transmitted infections has been increasing throughout the world. Additionally, substantial changes in emerging adults' attitudes toward sex and the popularization of premarital sex could further affect the diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections. With the high acceptability and effectiveness of instant messaging (IM) interventions for health promotion, there is potential for such interventions to improve condom use knowledge and promote safer sex practice. OBJECTIVE The study evaluates the feasibility of a nurse-led IM intervention to promote safer sex practices in emerging adults. METHODS A 30-minute adaptive IM intervention and a 5-day booster dose of daily messages after 2 weeks through WhatsApp (Meta Platforms, Inc) were conducted with emerging adults in local universities in Hong Kong aged between 18 and 29 years with previous sexual experience. A questionnaire was distributed 1 week after the intervention that measured the consistency in condom use, the change in condom use knowledge and attitudes, and the acceptability of the intervention. The feasibility of the intervention was assessed by Bowen's feasibility framework. RESULTS A total of 20 participants completed the intervention and questionnaire. Results showed (1) high satisfaction level (mean satisfaction score: 9.10/10), (2) high demand of the intervention (retention rate: 95%), (3) smooth implementation of the intervention, (4) high practicality (13/20, 65% of the participants viewed IM to be an effective means of intervention), (5) potential integration of the intervention, and (6) significant mean increase in condom use knowledge and attitudes (mean increase 9.05; t19=3.727; 95% CI 3.97-14.13; P=.001). CONCLUSIONS The IM intervention was feasible, acceptable, and had potential impacts on improving safer sex practices. These findings will support the future development of IM interventions in the arena of sexual health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Hoi Lam Pak
- School of Nursing, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Man Ping Wang
- School of Nursing, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Anne M Teitelman
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- College of Nursing, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Janet Yuen Ha Wong
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Daniel Yee Tak Fong
- School of Nursing, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Edmond Pui Hang Choi
- School of Nursing, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)
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4
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Lorimer B, Kellett S, Giesemann J, Lutz W, Delgadillo J. An investigation of treatment return after psychological therapy for depression and anxiety. Behav Cogn Psychother 2024; 52:149-162. [PMID: 37563726 DOI: 10.1017/s1352465823000322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some patients return for further psychological treatment in routine services, although it is unclear how common this is, as scarce research is available on this topic. AIMS To estimate the treatment return rate and describe the clinical characteristics of patients who return for anxiety and depression treatment. METHOD A large dataset (N=21,029) of routinely collected clinical data (2010-2015) from an English psychological therapy service was analysed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS The return rate for at least one additional treatment episode within 1-5 years was 13.7%. Furthermore, 14.5% of the total sessions provided by the service were delivered to treatment-returning patients. Of those who returned, 58.0% continued to show clinically significant depression and/or anxiety symptoms at the end of their first treatment, while 32.0% had experienced a demonstrable relapse before their second treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study estimates that approximately one in seven patients return to the same service for additional psychological treatment within 1-5 years. Multiple factors may influence the need for additional treatment, and this may have a major impact on service activity. Future research needs to further explore and better determine the characteristics of treatment returners, prioritise enhancement of first treatment recovery, and evaluate relapse prevention interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Lorimer
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, SheffieldS1 2LT, UK
- Present address: Mental Health and Addiction Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Stephen Kellett
- Clinical and Applied Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, SheffieldS1 2LT, UK
- Rotherham Doncaster and South Humber NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Julia Giesemann
- Department of Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lutz
- Department of Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Jaime Delgadillo
- Clinical and Applied Psychology Unit, Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, SheffieldS1 2LT, UK
- Rotherham Doncaster and South Humber NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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5
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Atefi GL, de Vugt ME, van Knippenberg RJM, Levin ME, Verhey FRJ, Bartels SL. The use of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in informal caregivers of people with dementia and other long-term or chronic conditions: A systematic review and conceptual integration. Clin Psychol Rev 2023; 105:102341. [PMID: 37776577 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Informal caregivers are the primary source of support for adults with chronic conditions and disabilities. Empirical research highlights chronic stress and other risks of adverse outcomes of caregiving. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is an emerging evidenced-based practice that shows promise in improving an array of outcomes, theoretically by increasing psychological flexibility as the primary process of change. Research has begun to evaluate ACT among informal caregivers of adult populations, and a systematic review is now needed to summarise this evidence base. Electronic searches from five databases, including PubMed, PsycInfo, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library, yielded an initial 7896 hits, which after screening for inclusion criteria, resulted in 21 clinical trials. Studies were coded to synthesise the feasibility, effectiveness, and quality of evidence. Findings show that ACT was reported to be largely feasible and acceptable. However, the efficacy of ACT was mixed, with a more consistent pattern for informal caregivers of people with dementia. Several methodological quality issues limited the findings. However, theoretical synthesis and preliminary evidence support the promising effect of ACT in subgroups of informal caregivers. Research on the process of change, as well as larger-scale, methodologically rigorous trials, are needed to consolidate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz L Atefi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Centrum Limburg, Maastricht University, Dr. Tanslaan 12, 6229 ET, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Marjolein E de Vugt
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Centrum Limburg, Maastricht University, Dr. Tanslaan 12, 6229 ET, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalia J M van Knippenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Centrum Limburg, Maastricht University, Dr. Tanslaan 12, 6229 ET, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael E Levin
- Department of Psychology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Frans R J Verhey
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Centrum Limburg, Maastricht University, Dr. Tanslaan 12, 6229 ET, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Laureen Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Centrum Limburg, Maastricht University, Dr. Tanslaan 12, 6229 ET, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
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Kisigo GA, Mgeta F, Mcharo O, Okello E, Wajanga B, Kalokola F, Mtui G, Sundararajan R, Peck RN. Peer Counselor Intervention for Reducing Mortality and/or Hospitalization in Adults With Hypertensive Urgency in Tanzania: A Pilot Study. Am J Hypertens 2023; 36:446-454. [PMID: 37086189 PMCID: PMC10345467 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpad037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, people with hypertensive urgency experience high rates of hospitalization and death due to medication non-adherence. Interventions to improve medication adherence and health outcomes after hypertensive urgency are urgently needed. METHODS This prospective cohort assessed the effect of a peer counselor intervention-named Rafiki mwenye msaada-on the 1-year incidence of hospitalization and/or death among adults with hypertensive urgency in Mwanza, Tanzania. We enrolled 50 patients who presented with hypertensive urgency to 2 hospitals in Mwanza, Tanzania. All 50 patients received a Rafiki mwenye msaada an individual-level, time-limited case management intervention. Rafiki mwenye msaada aims to empower adult patients with hypertensive urgency to manage their high blood pressure. It consists of 5 sessions delivered over 3 months by a peer counselor. Outcomes were compared to historical controls. RESULTS Of the 50 patients (median age, 61 years), 34 (68%) were female, and 19 (38%) were overweight. In comparison to the historical controls, the intervention cohort had a significantly lower proportion of patients with a secondary level of education (22% vs. 35%) and health insurance (40% vs. 87%). Nonetheless, the 1-year cumulative incidence of hospitalization and/or death was 18% in the intervention cohort vs. 35% in the control cohort (adjusted Hazard Ratio, 0.48, 95% CI 0.24-0.97; P = 0.041). Compared to historical controls, intervention participants maintained higher rates of medication use and clinic attendance at both 3- and 6-months but not at 12 months. Of intervention participants who survived and remained in follow-up, >90% reported good medication adherence at all follow-up time points. CONCLUSION Our findings support the hypothesis that a peer counselor intervention may improve health outcomes among adults living with hypertensive urgency. A randomized clinical trial is needed to evaluate the intervention's effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey A Kisigo
- Center for Global Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Mwanza, Tanzania
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Frank Mgeta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Onike Mcharo
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Elialilia Okello
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Bahati Wajanga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Fredrick Kalokola
- Department of Internal Medicine, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Graham Mtui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sekou Touré Referral Regional Hospital, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Radhika Sundararajan
- Center for Global Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert N Peck
- Center for Global Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Mwanza, Tanzania
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
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7
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Birri NL, Carnahan CR, Schmidt C, Williamson P. A Personal Narrative Intervention for Adults With Autism and Intellectual Disability. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2023; 128:21-35. [PMID: 36548373 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-128.1.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to the unique social cognitive profiles of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with and without intellectual disability (ID) sharing coherent and complex personal narratives can be challenging. To address these challenges research has focused on teaching macrostructure components using visual supports and repeated opportunities to practice. Despite success by young children with ASD and ID, the application of this instruction for adults with ASD with and without ID is still largely unknown. An ABAB single case withdrawal design was used to determine the effects of a personal narrative intervention to teach macrostructure within participant-generated personal narratives. Results indicate all participants demonstrated more coherent and complex personal narratives with the intervention. The results and implications for practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Birri
- Nicole L. Birri, University of Illinois- Urbana Champaign
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8
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Ha L, Wakefield CE, Mizrahi D, Diaz C, Cohn RJ, Signorelli C, Yacef K, Simar D. A Digital Educational Intervention With Wearable Activity Trackers to Support Health Behaviors Among Childhood Cancer Survivors: Pilot Feasibility and Acceptability Study. JMIR Cancer 2022; 8:e38367. [PMID: 35976683 PMCID: PMC9434388 DOI: 10.2196/38367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood cancer survivors are at increased risk of cardiometabolic complications that are exacerbated by poor health behaviors. Critically, many survivors do not meet physical activity guidelines. Objective The primary aim was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of iBounce, a digital health intervention for educating and engaging survivors in physical activity. Our secondary aims were to assess the change in survivors’ physical activity levels and behaviors, aerobic fitness, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after participating in the iBounce program. Methods We recruited survivors aged 8 to 13 years who were ≥12 months post cancer treatment completion. The app-based program involved 10 educational modules, goal setting, and home-based physical activities monitored using an activity tracker. We assessed objective physical activity levels and behaviors using cluster analysis, aerobic fitness, and HRQoL at baseline and after the intervention (week 12). Parents were trained to reassess aerobic fitness at home at follow-up (week 24). Results In total, 30 participants opted in, of whom 27 (90%) completed baseline assessments, and 23 (77%) commenced iBounce. Our opt-in rate was 59% (30/51), and most (19/23, 83%) of the survivors completed the intervention. More than half (13/23, 57%) of the survivors completed all 10 modules (median 10, IQR 4-10). We achieved a high retention rate (19/27, 70%) and activity tracker compliance (15/19, 79%), and there were no intervention-related adverse events. Survivors reported high satisfaction with iBounce (median enjoyment score 75%; ease-of-use score 86%), but lower satisfaction with the activity tracker (median enjoyment score 60%). Parents reported the program activities to be acceptable (median score 70%), and their overall satisfaction was 60%, potentially because of technological difficulties that resulted in the program becoming disjointed. We did not observe any significant changes in physical activity levels or HRQoL at week 12. Our subgroup analysis for changes in physical activity behaviors in participants (n=11) revealed five cluster groups: most active, active, moderately active, occasionally active, and least active. Of these 11 survivors, 3 (27%) moved to a more active cluster group, highlighting their engagement in more frequent and sustained bouts of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; 6 (56%) stayed in the same cluster; and 2 (18%) moved to a less active cluster. The survivors’ mean aerobic fitness percentiles increased after completing iBounce (change +17, 95% CI 1.7-32.1; P=.03) but not at follow-up (P=.39). Conclusions We demonstrated iBounce to be feasible for delivery and acceptable among survivors, despite some technical difficulties. The distance-delivered format provides an opportunity to engage survivors in physical activity at home and may address barriers to care, particularly for regional or remote families. We will use these pilot findings to evaluate an updated version of iBounce. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12621000259842; https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=ACTRN12621000259842
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Ha
- School of Health Sciences, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Claire E Wakefield
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - David Mizrahi
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Claudio Diaz
- School of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard J Cohn
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christina Signorelli
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia.,School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kalina Yacef
- School of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - David Simar
- School of Health Sciences, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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9
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Lappalainen P, Pakkala I, Lappalainen R, Nikander R. Supported Web-Based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Older Family Caregivers (CareACT) Compared to Usual Care. Clin Gerontol 2022; 45:939-955. [PMID: 33856279 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2021.1912239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of the present study was to investigate whether an acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)-based web-intervention (Group 1, CareACT), or a standardized rehabilitation in a rehabilitation center (Group 2) was effective in enhancing the psychological well-being of family caregivers aged 60 and over compared to support provided by voluntary caregiver associations (Group 3). METHODS Altogether, 149 family caregivers participated in this quasi-experimental study. Primary outcome measure was depression. Secondary outcomes included anxiety, sense of coherence, quality of life, psychological flexibility, experiential avoidance, and thought suppression. The questionnaires were administered at baseline, and four, and 10 months post-measurement. We investigated differences in the changes between the groups using Mplus modeling techniques. RESULTS Regarding the main outcome of depression, the results suggest that the CareACT intervention was superior to standardized rehabilitation and to the support given by caregiver associations at four months, both showing a medium-sized difference between the groups. However, the change from four to 10 months post-intervention was not significantly different between these groups (d = 0.32-0.36). Thought suppression showed a significantly different change between the three groups from baseline to four months and to 10 months post-measurement (p = .038). CONCLUSIONS Web-based ACT may have beneficial effects on depressive symptoms and thought suppression in older caregivers. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Web-based ACT could be a feasible alternative to institutional rehabilitation and support provided by voluntary caregiver associations. Web-based ACT responds flexibly to the needs of caregivers and provides them an opportunity for learning new skills to promote well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Päivi Lappalainen
- The Gerocenter Foundation for Research and Development, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Inka Pakkala
- The Gerocenter Foundation for Research and Development, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Raimo Lappalainen
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Riku Nikander
- The Gerocenter Foundation for Research and Development, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Department of Research & Education, Central Hospital of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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10
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Peynenburg V, Hadjistavropoulos H, Thiessen D, Titov N, Dear B. A Randomized Factorial Trial of Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Post-Secondary Students: Examining Motivational Interviewing and Booster Lessons (Preprint). J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e40637. [PMID: 36069785 PMCID: PMC9494224 DOI: 10.2196/40637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) can improve access to mental health care for students, although high attrition rates are concerning and little is known about long-term outcomes. Motivational interviewing (MI) exercises and booster lessons can improve engagement and outcomes in face-to-face cognitive behavioral therapy. Objective This study aimed to examine the use of pretreatment MI exercises and booster lessons in ICBT for postsecondary students. Methods In this factorial trial (factor 1: web-based MI before treatment; factor 2: self-guided booster lesson 1 month after treatment), 308 clients were randomized to 1 of 4 treatment conditions, with 277 (89.9%) clients starting treatment. All clients received a 5-week transdiagnostic ICBT course (the UniWellbeing course). Primary outcomes included changes in depression, anxiety, and perceived academic functioning from before treatment to after treatment and at the 1-month and 3-month follow-ups. Results Overall, 54% (150/277) of students completed treatment and reported large improvements in symptoms of depression and anxiety and small improvements in academic functioning after treatment, which were maintained at the 1-month and 3-month follow-ups. Pretreatment MI did not contribute to better treatment completion or engagement, although small between-group effects favored MI for reductions in depression (Cohen d=0.23) and anxiety (Cohen d=0.25) after treatment. Only 30.9% (43/139) of students randomized to one of the booster conditions accessed the booster. Overall, no main effects were found for the booster. Subanalyses revealed that clients who accessed the booster had larger decreases in depressive symptoms (Cohen d=0.31) at the 3-month follow-up. No interactions were found between MI and the booster. Conclusions Rather than offering MI before treatment, clients may experience more benefits from MI exercises later in ICBT when motivation wanes. The low uptake of the self-guided booster limited our conclusions regarding its effectiveness. Future research should examine offering a booster for a longer duration after treatment, with therapist support and a longer follow-up period. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04264585; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04264585
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Thiessen
- Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Nickolai Titov
- eCentre Clinic, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Blake Dear
- eCentre Clinic, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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Transdiagnostic internet-delivered therapy among post-secondary students: exploring student use and preferences for booster lessons post-treatment. COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPIST 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/s1754470x22000265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) is effective for treating anxiety and depression among post-secondary students, although outcomes are modest. Booster lessons have been proposed for maintaining and improving outcomes but have not been investigated following ICBT for students. This study used a mixed-methods approach to examine student (N = 146) use of a self-guided booster lesson offered 1 month after a 5-week ICBT course, whereby the booster lesson provided a review of ICBT skills and suggestions for maintaining motivation and problem solving. A survey about the booster was administered shortly after the booster to understand student preferences for the booster lessons, reasons for completing/not completing the booster, and satisfaction with the booster. Approximately one-third of students (n = 47) utilized the booster lesson. Completing a greater number of lessons during the main ICBT course was associated with uptake of the booster. The booster survey was completed by 20 of the 47 (∼43%) students who completed the booster lesson and 42 of the 99 who did not (∼42%). Students varied in perceptions of the ideal timing of the booster (1–2 weeks to 3–6 months) and approximately 60% expressed preference for completing the booster independently. Among non-completers of the booster, academic-related time constraints were the primary barrier to booster completion. Among those who completed the booster, the booster lesson was perceived as worthwhile, satisfaction was high, and the length was perceived as appropriate. Future research should examine if flexible delivery of booster lessons in terms of timelines and therapist support would increase booster uptake.
Key learning aims
As a result of reading this paper, readers should:
(1)
Understand the uptake of a self-guided booster lesson in internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) among post-secondary students.
(2)
Understand students’ preferences for the content, timing, and therapist support for booster lessons.
(3)
Understand the need for alternative delivery methods of booster lessons to reach students who might benefit the most from a booster.
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12
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Dutta O, Tan-Ho G, Low XC, Tan THB, Ganapathy S, Car J, Ho RMH, Miao CY, Ho AHY. Acceptability and feasibility of a pilot randomized controlled trial of Narrative e-Writing Intervention (NeW-I) for parent-caregivers of children with chronic life-threatening illnesses in Singapore. Palliat Care 2022; 21:59. [PMID: 35488270 PMCID: PMC9052453 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-022-00945-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Narrative e-Writing Intervention (NeW-I) is a novel psycho-socio-spiritual intervention which aims to bridge gaps in paediatric palliative care by providing anticipatory grief support to parent-caregivers who are looking after their child with a chronic life-threatening illness in Singapore. This is done via a therapist-facilitated smartphone app that focuses on strengths and meaning derived from parents’ caregiving journey. NeW-I is empirically informed by an international systematic review and a Singapore-based qualitative inquiry on the lived experience of parental bereavement and supported by anticipatory grief interventions literature for improving the holistic well-being for parent-caregivers of seriously ill children. NeW-I is implemented in Singapore as an open-label two-armed randomized controlled trial comprising an intervention and control group. Methods This study examined the acceptability (via analysis of participants’ post-intervention qualitative feedback and responses to a post-intervention evaluation survey) and feasibility (via records and memos of therapists’ experience of delivering the intervention) of NeW-I among 26 intervention participants drawn from the larger trial. Results Framework analysis of participants’ post-intervention feedback revealed four themes, namely: (i) Meaningful opportunity for reflection, (ii) Congruity with parent-caregivers’ needs, (iii) Compatibility of online narrative writing and (iv) Sustainability and enhancement recommendations. The post-intervention evaluation survey showed that participants were overall satisfied with their NeW-I experience with a large number of participants acknowledging that NeW-I had improved their spiritual well-being, hopefulness about the future and perception of social support that was available to them, as well as lessened their feelings of sadness and depression, caregiver burden and fear and anxiety about their child’s illness. The research team found it feasible to deliver the intervention in the current setting. Conclusion NeW-I is an innovative e-health tool that could immeasurably value-add to paediatric palliative care services for Asian families in Singapore and around the world. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT03684382, Verified: September 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oindrila Dutta
- School of Social Sciences; School of Computer Science and Engineering; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Geraldine Tan-Ho
- School of Social Sciences; School of Computer Science and Engineering; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Toh Hsiang Benny Tan
- School of Social Sciences; School of Computer Science and Engineering; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Josip Car
- School of Social Sciences; School of Computer Science and Engineering; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ringo Moon-Ho Ho
- School of Social Sciences; School of Computer Science and Engineering; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chun Yan Miao
- School of Social Sciences; School of Computer Science and Engineering; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andy Hau Yan Ho
- School of Social Sciences; School of Computer Science and Engineering; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. .,Palliative Care Centre for Excellence in Research and Education, Singapore, Singapore.
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13
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Hadjistavropoulos H, Peynenburg V, Thiessen D, Nugent M, Karin E, Dear B, Titov N. A randomized factorial trial of internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy: An 8-week program with or without extended support and booster lesson. Internet Interv 2022; 27:100499. [PMID: 35198410 PMCID: PMC8844810 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2022.100499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
While internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (ICBT) is effective, some patients suggest extended support post-treatment could improve care. In this randomized factorial trial, we examined the benefits of an 8-week therapist-assisted ICBT program offered with or without an optional 4-week extension of support (Factor 1) and with or without an optional booster lesson (Factor 2). Patients screened for ICBT for depression and/or anxiety were randomly assigned to the conditions (N = 434) and we examined the use of the extension and booster, differences between those who did or did not use extension or booster, and the impact of the extension or booster on outcomes, engagement, and satisfaction at 26-weeks post-enrollment. Therapists recorded time and observations with offering support during the extension and booster. In the extension group, 54.4% (n = 56) requested the extension, while in the booster group 50.9% (n = 56) accessed the booster, and in the combined group, 41.6% (n = 47) requested the extension and 51.3% (n = 58) accessed the booster. Those who requested the extension were older, and more likely to report medication and mental health service use and severe mental health-related disability at pre-treatment; they also reported putting less effort into ICBT and finding skills more difficult. The booster was more often used among those with lower symptom severity, and those who put more effort into and had more positive experiences with ICBT. As expected, those assigned to extension sent more messages to their therapist, and those assigned to booster logged in more often. Therapists also took more time to deliver ICBT with an extension (>18 min) or booster (>13 min) compared to the 8-week program, and perceived extension and booster as beneficial for some, but not all patients. Treatment satisfaction was high across conditions, and effect sizes were large from pre-treatment to 26-week follow-up on most measures. No significant group differences were found in this study. Lack of group differences, however, could reflect low use of the extension and booster. Results provide helpful information about the demand for extensions and boosters, and provide directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- H.D. Hadjistavropoulos
- 3737 Wascana Parkway, Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada,Corresponding author.
| | - V. Peynenburg
- 3737 Wascana Parkway, Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - D.L. Thiessen
- 3737 Wascana Parkway, Department of Mathematics & Statistics, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - M. Nugent
- 3737 Wascana Parkway, Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - E. Karin
- eCentreClinic, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - B.F. Dear
- eCentreClinic, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - N. Titov
- MindSpot Clinic, Australian Hearing Hub Building, eCentreClinic, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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Flannery MK, Coyne AF, Carlson EJ, Haaga DAF. Extended follow-up of a comprehensive behavioral (ComB) treatment sample during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord 2022; 32:100706. [PMID: 34956828 PMCID: PMC8683380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2021.100706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study provides the longest follow-up yet for comprehensive behavioral (ComB) treatment of trichotillomania (TTM) (M = 24.59 months after pre-treatment and 15.92 months after the last follow-up point in a recent clinical trial (Carlson et al., 2021), which had shown ComB to be significantly more efficacious than minimal attention at post-treatment). This study also examined changes in TTM severity from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants (N = 23) completed a survey assessing current TTM symptoms, the impact of the pandemic on their coping with TTM, and their experience with ComB treatment. Self-reported symptom severity at this follow-up evaluation fell between the scores obtained at the clinical trial's pre-treatment assessment and at its last follow-up before the pandemic and did not significantly differ from either time point. Most participants (73%) reported some change in their TTM management since onset of the pandemic, with changes to their environment/routine (61%) and in anxiety (32%) being the most common. Pandemic-related changes were associated with variable outcomes, improving symptoms and management for some while worsening them for others. Use of strategies from ComB had declined since the most recent follow-up, but more than half (55%) of participants reported that strategies from ComB remained useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan K Flannery
- Department of Psychology, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20016-8062, USA
| | - Allison F Coyne
- Department of Psychology, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20016-8062, USA
| | - Emily J Carlson
- Department of Psychology, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20016-8062, USA
| | - David A F Haaga
- Department of Psychology, American University, 4400 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20016-8062, USA
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15
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Touyz LM, Cohen J, Garnett SP, Grech AM, Gohil P, Cohn RJ, Wakefield CE. Acceptability and feasibility of a parent-targeted dietary intervention in young survivors of childhood cancer: "Reboot". Pediatr Blood Cancer 2020; 67:e28533. [PMID: 32649015 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assess the acceptability and feasibility of delivering Reboot, a telephone dietary intervention to parents of pediatric cancer survivors. The research question asks whether tailored dietary support is acceptable and feasible to deliver to parents of young cancer survivors who have recently completed cancer treatment? PROCEDURE Pre-post study. Nineteen parents of pediatric cancer survivors (aged 2-13 years) in remission, who had received cancer treatment at a tertiary children's hospital, less than 5 years prior to the intervention. Participants received four weekly 45-min telephone sessions led by a psychologist or dietitian and one postintervention booster session 6 weeks later. Sessions addressed strategies to increase children's vegetable and fruit intake. RESULTS Of the 19 parents who started the intervention, 14 completed all sessions within 8 weeks and 12 completed the booster session within 10 weeks. The mean session duration was 47 min. All participants reported that Reboot increased their confidence and knowledge about promoting healthy eating habits to their child. CONCLUSIONS Reboot is an acceptable intervention in young cancer survivors aimed at increasing vegetable and fruit intake after cancer treatment. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS The results from the Reboot pilot provides preliminary evidence that a targeted intervention to improve the diets of childhood cancer survivors may be feasible with future modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Touyz
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer Cohen
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah P Garnett
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Allison M Grech
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paayal Gohil
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard J Cohn
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claire E Wakefield
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
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16
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Sibitz I, Amering M, Gössler R, Unger A, Katschnig H. One-year outcome of low-intensity booster sessions versus care as usual in psychosis patients after a short-term psychoeducational intervention. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 22:203-10. [PMID: 17182222 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2006.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2006] [Revised: 08/21/2006] [Accepted: 09/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveIn this study we aimed to evaluate long-term effects of a community-based, quality of life oriented psychoeducational intervention for schizophrenia with and without booster sessions.MethodOne hundred and three outpatients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder completed a 9-week psychoeducational programme. At the end of the programme groups were block-randomised to either an extension programme comprising monthly booster sessions for a further nine months (booster condition) or routine clinical care with no further group meetings (non-booster condition). Outcome measures were applied before and after the seminar and at 6 and 12 months.ResultsPositive effects were observed after the short-term 9-week programme with regard to symptoms, knowledge about the illness, illness concept, control convictions and quality of life. These effects were retained over the 12-month period in both conditions. The only relevant difference between the booster and the non-booster conditions concerned external control convictions.ConclusionOverall this 9-week programme has shown encouraging effects still present at 12 months after baseline independent of booster or non-booster conditions. Further studies are needed to explore whether a subgroup of patients, those with impaired neurocognitive and social functioning, can benefit significantly from booster sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Sibitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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17
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Reeder K, Park AL, Chorpita BF. Turning Back to Treatment: The Effect of Attendance and Symptom Outcomes on Subsequent Service Use. ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY IN MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2020; 47:641-647. [PMID: 32170492 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-020-01032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study explored whether post-treatment symptom severity moderated the association between session attendance during an initial treatment episode and subsequent mental health service use. Data on attendance, symptom severity, and service use were gathered from an effectiveness trial testing a modular treatment for youth anxiety, depression, disruptive behavior, and traumatic stress. Multilevel logistic regression analyses showed a significant interaction between attendance and post-treatment symptom severity on subsequent service use, such that attendance significantly predicted subsequent service use when post-treatment symptom severity was in the normal range. Implications regarding the influence of treatment engagement on future help-seeking are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendal Reeder
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0812, USA.
- Child and Adolescent Services Research Center, San Diego, CA, 92123, USA.
| | - Alayna L Park
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
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18
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Roth RA, Suldo SM, Ferron JM. Improving Middle School Students' Subjective Well-Being: Efficacy of a Multicomponent Positive Psychology Intervention Targeting Small Groups of Youth. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/02796015.2017.12087610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Effects of Church-Based Parent-Child Abstinence-Only Interventions on Adolescents' Sexual Behaviors. J Adolesc Health 2020; 66:107-114. [PMID: 31630923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of faith-based and nonfaith-based parent-child abstinence-only interventions in reducing sexual risk behavior among young African American adolescents. METHODS Randomized controlled trial recruiting 613 African American parent-adolescent dyads from urban African American Baptist churches and randomizing them to one of three parent-child interventions: faith-based abstinence-only intervention emphasizing delaying or reducing sexual intercourse drawing on Biblical scriptures; nonfaith-based abstinence-only emphasizing intervention delaying or reducing sexual intercourse without referencing scriptures; or attention-matched control intervention targeting health issues unrelated to sexual behavior. Primary outcome was the self-reported frequency of condomless sexual intercourse in the past 3 months assessed periodically through 18 months postintervention. Secondary outcomes were frequency of sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners, consistent condom use and, among sexually inexperienced adolescents, sexual debut. RESULTS Generalized estimating equations analyses revealed that nonfaith-based abstinence-only intervention reduced the frequency of condomless sexual intercourse, frequency of sexual intercourse, and number of sexual partners compared with the attention-matched control intervention, whereas faith-based abstinence-only intervention did not. Neither intervention affected consistent condom use or sexual debut. CONCLUSIONS Parent-child abstinence-only interventions can reduce condomless sexual intercourse among young African American adolescents in church settings. Linking the abstinence message to Biblical scriptures may not be efficacious.
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Touyz LM, Wakefield CE, Grech AM, Quinn VF, Costa DSJ, Zhang FF, Cohn RJ, Sajeev M, Cohen J. Parent-targeted home-based interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable intake in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2019; 76:154-173. [PMID: 29319789 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nux066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Parent interventions delivered in the home represent a valuable approach to improving children's diets. Objective This review aims to examine the effectiveness of parent-targeted in-home interventions in increasing fruit and vegetable intake in children. Data Sources Five electronic databases were searched: MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Study Selection Randomized and nonrandomized trials conducted in children aged 2 to 12 years and published in English from 2000 to 2016 were eligible. Data Extraction Eighteen publications were reviewed, and 12 randomized trials were analyzed. Studies were pooled on the basis of outcome measure and type of intervention, resulting in 3 separate meta-analyses. Results Nutrition education interventions resulted in a small but significant increase in fruit intake (Hedges' g = 0.112; P = 0.028). Taste exposure interventions led to a significant increase in vegetable intake, with a moderate effect (Hedges' g = 0.438; P < 0.001). Interventions involving daily or weekly sessions reported positive outcomes more frequently than those using monthly sessions. Conclusions Future interventions should incorporate regular taste exposure to maximize increases in vegetable intake in children. This is particularly important because fewer children meet national recommendations for vegetable intake than for fruit intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Touyz
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claire E Wakefield
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Allison M Grech
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Veronica F Quinn
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel S J Costa
- Pain Management Research Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fang Fang Zhang
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Richard J Cohn
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mona Sajeev
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jennifer Cohen
- Discipline of Pediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Nguyen LH, Tran BX, Rocha LEC, Nguyen HLT, Yang C, Latkin CA, Thorson A, Strömdahl S. A Systematic Review of eHealth Interventions Addressing HIV/STI Prevention Among Men Who Have Sex With Men. AIDS Behav 2019; 23:2253-2272. [PMID: 31401741 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-019-02626-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A systematic review was conducted to summarize and appraise the eHealth interventions addressing HIV/STI prevention among men who have sex with men (MSM), and characterize features of successful eHealth interventions. Fifty-five articles (17 pilots and 38 full efficacy trials) were included with the predominance of web-based interventions in the United States-based settings. Intervention modalities include web-based, short message service (SMS)/text messges/email reminder, online video-based, computer-assisted, multimedia-based, social network, live chat and chat room, virtual simulation intervention, and smartphone applications. Forty-nine eHealth interventions achieved a short-term behaviour change among participants. Four studies were conducted with 12-month follow-ups; and only one of them could maintain the behaviour change over this longer time period which could be due to the lack of booster interventions. Our study suggests that eHealth interventions can achieve short term behaviour change among MSM, however limited interventions could maintain behaviour change over 12 months. Further eHealth intervention strategies to promote HIV prevention among MSM should be conducted and rigorously evaluated.
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Huang F, Tang YL, Zhao M, Wang Y, Pan M, Wang Y, Qian Q. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Adult ADHD: A Randomized Clinical Trial in China. J Atten Disord 2019; 23:1035-1046. [PMID: 28866911 DOI: 10.1177/1087054717725874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective for adult ADHD, and booster sessions may improve long-term outcome. This study was designed to investigate the effects of group CBT and its booster sessions for Chinese adult patients with ADHD. METHOD There were CBT only group ( n = 43), CBT +booster group ( n = 43), and control group with patients on the waiting list ( n = 22). The primary outcome was the score of the ADHD-Rating Scale (ADHD-RS). Secondary outcomes included emotion, executive function (EF), impulsivity, self-esteem, and life quality at 12th and 24th week. RESULTS At 12th week, the score of ADHD-RS, EF, and impulsivity showed significant improvement in CBT +booster group comparing with control group. At 24th week, differences between CBT only group and CBT +booster group were not significant. CONCLUSION CBT was effective for Chinese adult patients with ADHD. Booster sessions do not appear to provide additional benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Huang
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health(Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Lang Tang
- 3 Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,4 Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Mengjie Zhao
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health(Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yanfei Wang
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health(Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Meirong Pan
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health(Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health(Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Qiujin Qian
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,2 Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health(Peking University), Beijing, China
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Behavioral interventions promoting HIV serostatus disclosure to sex partners among HIV-positive men who have sex with men: a systematic review. Int J Public Health 2019; 64:985-998. [PMID: 31250027 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-019-01275-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review aimed to identify intervention components which were effective to promote disclosure of HIV status among men have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV, particularly from a theoretical perspective. METHODS A systematic review was performed through searching electronic databases, HIV-related conferences websites, and registered ongoing randomized controlled trials. Studies were included if they reported intervention evaluation results related to HIV disclosure and published before December 31, 2017. Two independent reviewers collected studies and extracted data. RESULTS Eight studies met the inclusion criteria and were summarized. Interventions appeared effective in promoting HIV disclosure to their sex partners among MSM living with HIV if they were theory based (e.g., consequence theory and social cognitive theory). Key elements of effective interventions consisted of increasing disclosure self-efficacy, highlighting disclosure benefits, assisting risk assessment, developing disclosure strategy, and using messages under social influence. CONCLUSIONS Findings of this review imply that future interventions are more likely to succeed if they apply consequence theory, social cognitive theory, and trans-theoretical model of behavior change and include multiple key intervention components.
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Owen J, Rhoades GK, Stanley SM, Markman HJ, Allen ES. Treatment-as-Usual for Couples: Trajectories Before and After Beginning Couple Therapy. FAMILY PROCESS 2019; 58:273-286. [PMID: 30306547 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Couple therapy has been shown to be a meaningful way to improve couples' relationships. However, less information is known about couples' functioning prior to entering treatment in community settings, as well as how their relationship functioning changes from initiating therapy onward. This study examined 87 couples who began community-based couple therapy during a longitudinal study of couples in the military. The couples were assessed six times over the course of 3 years, including time points before and after starting couple therapy. Using an interrupted-time series design, we examined trajectories across the start of couple therapy in relationship satisfaction, divorce proneness, and negative communication. The results demonstrated that couples' relationship satisfaction was declining and both divorce proneness and negative communication were increasing prior to entering couple therapy. After starting couple therapy, couples' functioning on all three variables leveled off but did not show further change, but previous experience in relationship education moderated these effects. Specifically, those who were assigned to the relationship education program (vs. control) demonstrated greater reductions in divorce proneness and greater increases marital satisfaction after starting therapy; however, they also started more distressed.
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25
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Serovich JM, Laschober TC, Brown MJ, Kimberly JA. Evaluation of HIV Disclosure Behavior Following a Randomized Controlled Disclosure Intervention for Men Who Have Sex with Men Living with HIV. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2018; 47:2051-2059. [PMID: 29143157 PMCID: PMC5953765 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-017-1055-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Preventing the transmission of HIV, especially among high-risk populations, is a U.S. public health priority. Interventions aimed at easing the burden of HIV disclosure to casual sexual partners among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV are essential in this endeavor. This randomized controlled study evaluated differences in disclosure behavior between a disclosure intervention (DI) and attention control case management (ACCM) group for MSM living with HIV (N = 315) and determinants (self-efficacy, outcome expectancy) of disclosure. Mixed-effects models results showed no significant differences in disclosure behavior between the DI and ACCM groups. Further, disclosure behavior changed in a curvilinear manner over 12 months and benefited from a booster session. Both disclosure self-efficacy and outcome expectancy predicted disclosure behavior. Interventions targeting HIV disclosure among MSM living with HIV should focus on improving perceptions of disclosure self-efficacy and outcome expectancy and include a booster session to facilitate HIV disclosure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianne M Serovich
- College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, 13301 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MHC 1110, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
| | - Tanja C Laschober
- College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, 13301 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MHC 1110, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Monique J Brown
- College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, 13301 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MHC 1110, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Judy A Kimberly
- College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, 13301 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MHC 1110, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
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Braitman AL, Lau-Barraco C. Personalized Boosters After a Computerized Intervention Targeting College Drinking: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:1735-1747. [PMID: 29995326 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Problematic drinking among emerging adult college students is extensive. Computer-delivered interventions (CDIs) have strong appeal because they can be quickly delivered to large numbers of students. Although they are efficacious in the short term, CDIs are not as efficacious as in-person interventions longer term. This study examined the utility of emailed boosters containing personalized feedback after a CDI to enhance and extend reductions among emerging adult college drinkers. Sex and age were explored as potential moderators. METHODS Participants were 537 college students (67.4% female) aged 18 to 24 years (M age = 19.65, SD = 1.67) who consumed at least 1 alcoholic drink in the past 2 weeks. They were randomly assigned to CDI-only, CDI + booster email, or an assessment-only control condition, and were assessed up to 9 months postintervention. A booster email with personalized feedback was sent to the CDI + booster email group 2 weeks after completion of the CDI. RESULTS Moderation findings for age revealed that the booster may be an effective means to strengthen and extend intervention effects for emerging adults who are of legal drinking age. However, effects were negligible for underage drinkers. Although the booster effect for the overall sample demonstrated a trend in the expected direction, it failed to reach significance. Booster effects were not significantly moderated by sex. Intervention effects were not moderated by either age or sex. CONCLUSIONS The present investigation contributes to a limited body of research on boosters to augment main intervention effects in college drinkers. Our study demonstrated that a brief CDI plus a simple email booster with personalized feedback resulted in significant reductions in drinking outcomes for emerging adults of legal drinking age. Efforts to further develop and refine intervention booster strategies represent a promising future direction to minimize harmful drinking among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby L Braitman
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia.,Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Cathy Lau-Barraco
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia.,Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, Virginia
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Fitzpatrick M, Nedeljkovic M, Abbott JA, Kyrios M, Moulding R. "Blended" therapy: The development and pilot evaluation of an internet-facilitated cognitive behavioral intervention to supplement face-to-face therapy for hoarding disorder. Internet Interv 2018; 12:16-25. [PMID: 30135765 PMCID: PMC6096324 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixed findings regarding the long-term efficacy of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for the treatment of hoarding has led to the investigation of novel treatment approaches. "Blended" therapy, a combination of face-to-face (f2f) and online therapy, is a form of therapy that enables longer exposure to therapy in a cost-effective and accessible format. Blended therapy holds many benefits, including increased access to content, lower time commitment for clinicians, and lower costs. The aim of the present study was to develop and evaluate a "blended" treatment program for hoarding disorder (HoPE), involving 12-weeks of face-to-face group therapy, and an 8 week online therapist assisted program. A sample of 12 participants with hoarding symptomology were recruited from the Melbourne Metropolitan area, and were involved in one of two conditions; 12 weeks group therapy +8 weeks online therapy (bCBT) or 12 weeks group therapy +8 weeks waitlist +8 weeks online therapy. Questionnaires were completed at all time points. The 8-week online component consists of 8 CBT-based modules, addressing psychoeducation, goal setting, motivation, relapse prevention and other key components. No significant differences were found over time between the bCBT group and waitlist control group, however trends suggested continued improvement in overall hoarding scores for the bCBT group, when compared to the waitlist control group. There were significant differences in scores from pre-treatment to 28 weeks, suggesting that all participants who were involved in the online intervention showed continued improvement from pre-treatment to post-treatment. This study highlights the potential benefit of novel formats of treatment. Future research into the efficacy of blended therapy would prove beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Fitzpatrick
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Arts, Health and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Maja Nedeljkovic
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jo-Anne Abbott
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Arts, Health and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael Kyrios
- School of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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Touyz L, Cohen J, Wakefield C, Grech A, Garnett S, Gohil P, Cohn R. Design and Rationale for a Parent-Led Intervention to Increase Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Young Childhood Cancer Survivors (Reboot): Protocol for a Pilot Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2018; 7:e129. [PMID: 29769170 PMCID: PMC5976864 DOI: 10.2196/resprot.9252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor dietary habits are common among childhood cancer survivors, despite increasing their risk of cardio metabolic complications after cancer treatment. Here, we describe the design and rationale for a pilot telephone-based, parent-led intervention aimed at increasing fruit and vegetable intake in young cancer survivors (Reboot). OBJECTIVE This pilot study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of delivering evidence-based telephone support to parents of childhood cancer survivors. A secondary aim includes assessing the effect of Reboot on improving childhood cancer survivors' dietary quality by increasing child fruit and vegetable intake and variety and its contribution to overall nutrient intake. METHODS We aim to recruit parents of 15 young cancer survivors aged 2 to 12 years who have completed cancer treatment less than five years ago. The intervention comprises of 4 weekly 45-minute telephone sessions led by a health professional and one booster session 6 weeks later. Sessions address the effects of cancer treatment on children's diets, recommended fruit and vegetable intake for children, and evidence-based strategies to promote the consumption of fruit and vegetables as well as to manage fussy eating. RESULTS Reboot is based on an existing, evidence-based parent nutrition intervention and modified for childhood cancer survivors following extensive collaboration with experts in the field. Primary outcomes of feasibility and acceptability will be measured by the number of participants who complete all five sessions, average session length (minutes), length between sessions (days) and parent Likert ratings of the usefulness and impact of the intervention collected after the booster session. Of the 15 participants we aim to recruit, 3 have completed the intervention, 1 declined to participate, 11 are actively completing the intervention and 2 participants are providing written consent. The remaining 3 participants will be recruited via telephone follow-up calls. The intervention is due to be completed by July 2018. CONCLUSIONS Reboot aims to support healthy dietary behaviors in childhood cancer survivors who are at increased risk of developing serious cardiometabolic complications after their cancer treatment. Results will inform the development and implementation of future evidence-based dietary interventions delivered to childhood cancer survivors, particularly those living in rural and remote areas. REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER RR1-10.2196/9252.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Touyz
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jennifer Cohen
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Claire Wakefield
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Allison Grech
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarah Garnett
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paayal Gohil
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard Cohn
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Kids Cancer Centre, School of Women's and Chidlren's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Smith G, Chandler M, Locke DE, Fields J, Phatak V, Crook J, Hanna S, Lunde A, Morris M, Graff-Radford M, Hughes CA, Lepore S, Cuc A, Caselli M, Hurst D, Wethe J, Francone A, Eilertsen J, Lucas P, Hoffman Snyder C, Kuang L, Becker M, Dean P, Diehl N, Lofquist M, Vanderhook S, Myles D, Cochran D. Behavioral Interventions to Prevent or Delay Dementia: Protocol for a Randomized Comparative Effectiveness Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2017; 6:e223. [PMID: 29180344 PMCID: PMC5725623 DOI: 10.2196/resprot.8103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, people at risk for dementia and their caregivers are confronted with confusing choices about what behavioral interventions are most effective. Objective The objective of this study is to determine which empirically supported behavioral interventions most impact the outcomes highly valued by patients with mild cognitive impairment and their partners. Methods This protocol describes a comparative effectiveness trial targeting 300 participants with mild cognitive impairment and their study partners. The trial is being conducted at the Mayo Clinic campuses in Arizona, Florida, Minnesota, and the University of Washington in Seattle. The study examines the contribution of five behavioral interventions (yoga, memory compensation training, computerized cognitive training, support groups, and wellness education) on primary outcomes of participant and partner quality of life and self-efficacy. In this unique 10-day multicomponent intervention, groups of couples were randomized to have one of the five interventions withheld while receiving the other four. Although the longitudinal follow-up is still under way, enrollment results are available and reported. Results In total, 272 couples have been enrolled in the trial and follow-up visits continue. Outcomes will be assessed at the end-of-intervention and 6-, 12-, and 18-month follow-ups. We anticipate reporting on our primary and secondary outcomes across time points in the next 2 years. Conclusions This paper describes the protocol for a randomized comparative effectiveness study of behavioral interventions to prevent or delay dementia. We describe of the rationale, design, power analysis, and analysis plan. Also because enrollment is complete and we are in follow-up phases of the study, we have included enrollment data from the trial. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02265757; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ctsshow/ NCT02265757 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6ueRfwSYv)
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn Smith
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Melanie Chandler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Dona Ec Locke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Julie Fields
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Minnesota, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Vaishali Phatak
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Julia Crook
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Sherrie Hanna
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Minnesota, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Angela Lunde
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Minnesota, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Miranda Morris
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Michelle Graff-Radford
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Christine A Hughes
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Minnesota, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Susan Lepore
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Minnesota, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Andrea Cuc
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Maria Caselli
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Duane Hurst
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Jennifer Wethe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Andrea Francone
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Jeanne Eilertsen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Pauline Lucas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | | | - LeeAnn Kuang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | | | | | - Nancy Diehl
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Marvin Lofquist
- Patient and Partner Advisory Group, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | | | - Diana Myles
- Patient and Partner Advisory Group, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Denise Cochran
- Patient and Partner Advisory Group, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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Roth RA, Suldo SM, Ferron JM. Improving Middle School Students' Subjective Well-Being: Efficacy of a Multicomponent Positive Psychology Intervention Targeting Small Groups of Youth. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2017. [DOI: 10.17105/10.17105/spr46-1.21-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Pishva R. Becoming Therapeutic Agents: A Grounded Theory of Mothers' Process When Implementing Cognitive Behavioural Therapy at Home with an Anxious Child. Clin Psychol Psychother 2016; 24:766-784. [PMID: 27687013 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The premise of parent-centred programmes for parents of anxious children is to educate and train caregivers in the sustainable implementation of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) in the home. The existing operationalization of parent involvement, however, does not address the systemic, parent or child factors that could influence this process. The qualitative approach of grounded theory was employed to examine patterns of action and interaction involved in the complex process of carrying out CBT with one's child in one's home. A grounded theory goes beyond the description of a process, offering an explanatory theory that brings taken-for-granted meanings and processes to the surface. The theory that emerged from the analysis suggests that CBT implementation by mothers of anxious children is characterized by the evolution of mothers' perception of their child and mothers' perception of their role as well as a shift from reacting with emotion to responding pragmatically to the child. Changes occur as mothers recognize the crisis, make links between the treatment rationale, child's symptoms and their own parenting strategies, integrate tenets of CBT for anxiety and eventually focus on sustaining therapeutic gains through natural life transitions. The theory widens our understanding of mothers' role, therapeutic engagement, process, and decision-making. The theory also generates new hypotheses regarding parent involvement in the treatment of paediatric anxiety disorders and proposes novel research avenues that aim to maximize the benefits of parental involvement in the treatment of paediatric anxiety disorders. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. KEY PRACTITIONER MESSAGE Mothers of anxious youth who take part in parent-centred programmes experience a shift in their perception of the child and of their role. Parental strategy after CBT implementation shifts from emotional empathy to cognitive empathy. Mothers experience significant challenges and require additional support in prevention of relapse and knowledge translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Pishva
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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32
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Braitman AL, Henson JM. Personalized boosters for a computerized intervention targeting college drinking: The influence of protective behavioral strategies. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2016; 64:509-519. [PMID: 27148633 PMCID: PMC5022288 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2016.1185725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Computerized interventions are cost-effective and can quickly deliver individual feedback to many students. However, in-person interventions are more efficacious. The current study sought to improve the efficacy of a popular online intervention via e-mailed boosters with personalized feedback. PARTICIPANTS Participants were 213 student drinkers at a southeastern public university, ages 18-24. METHODS Students were randomized into (1) intervention only, or (2) intervention plus booster. Alcohol consumption and related problems were assessed at baseline, 2 weeks post, and 4 weeks post. RESULTS Boosters yielded reductions in drinking, but not alcohol-related problems. Boosters were associated with significant reductions for drinking frequency, heavy drinking days, peak drinks, and associated blood alcohol concentration (BAC). Protective behavioral strategies (PBS) moderated this effect, with significant reductions for students low in PBS, but not students already highly engaged in PBS use. CONCLUSIONS Easy dissemination and low cost make e-mailed boosters a very efficient way to promote student health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby L Braitman
- a Department of Psychology , Old Dominion University , Norfolk , Virginia , USA
| | - James M Henson
- a Department of Psychology , Old Dominion University , Norfolk , Virginia , USA
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Rusby JC, Jones LB, Crowley R, Smolkowski K. An Efficacy Trial of Carescapes: Home-Based Child-Care Practices and Children's Social Outcomes. Child Dev 2016; 87:1291-310. [PMID: 27174665 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study reported findings from a longitudinal randomized controlled trial of Carescapes, a professional development program for home-based child-care providers in promoting children's social competence. Participants included 134 child-care providers and 310 children, ages 3-5 years, in Oregon. The Carescapes intervention group made significant improvements in observed caregiver responsiveness and monitoring, and showed decreased caregiver-reported child problem behavior and improved parent-reported peer relationships compared to the control group. Increased caregiver-reported cooperation skills were found for the intervention group at follow-up. No differences in condition were found for kindergarten teacher-reported social-behavioral, classroom, and academic skills. Moderation effects on children's behavior and peer relations were found for child age and exposure to the intervention child care.
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Heber E, Lehr D, Ebert DD, Berking M, Riper H. Web-Based and Mobile Stress Management Intervention for Employees: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2016; 18:e21. [PMID: 26818683 PMCID: PMC4749847 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.5112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Work-related stress is highly prevalent among employees and is associated with adverse mental health consequences. Web-based interventions offer the opportunity to deliver effective solutions on a large scale; however, the evidence is limited and the results conflicting. Objective This randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of guided Web- and mobile-based stress management training for employees. Methods A total of 264 employees with elevated symptoms of stress (Perceived Stress Scale-10, PSS-10≥22) were recruited from the general working population and randomly assigned to an Internet-based stress management intervention (iSMI) or waitlist control group. The intervention (GET.ON Stress) was based on Lazarus’s transactional model of stress, consisted of seven sessions, and applied both well-established problem solving and more recently developed emotion regulation strategies. Participants also had the opportunity to request automatic text messages on their mobile phone along with the iSMI. Participants received written feedback on every completed session from an e-coach. The primary outcome was perceived stress (PSS-10). Web-based self-report assessments for both groups were scheduled at baseline, 7 weeks, and 6 months. At 12 months, an extended follow-up was carried out for the iSMI group only. Results An intention-to-treat analysis of covariance revealed significantly large effect differences between iSMI and waitlist control groups for perceived stress at posttest (F1,261=58.08, P<.001; Cohen’s d=0.83) and at the 6-month follow-up (F1,261=80.17, P<.001; Cohen’s d=1.02). The effects in the iSMI group were maintained at 12-month follow-up. Conclusions This Web- and mobile-based intervention has proven effective in reducing stress in employees in the long term. Internet-based stress management interventions should be further pursued as a valuable alternative to face-to-face interventions. Trial Registration German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS): 00004749; http://drks-neu.uniklinik-freiburg.de/ drks_web/setLocale_EN.do (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6e8rl98nl)
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Heber
- Leuphana University Lueneburg, Division of Online Health Training, Innovation Incubator, Lueneburg, Germany.
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Ducharme F, Lachance L, Lévesque L, Zarit SH, Kergoat MJ. Maintaining the potential of a psycho-educational program: efficacy of a booster session after an intervention offered family caregivers at disclosure of a relative's dementia diagnosis. Aging Ment Health 2015; 19:207-16. [PMID: 24943996 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2014.922527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Booster sessions as a means of maintaining the benefits of psycho-educational programs have received little attention in caregiving research. Caregivers were offered a booster session following participation in a program entitled Learning to Become a Family Caregiver (LBFC) intended to facilitate transition to the caregiver role after diagnostic disclosure of dementia in a relative. The 90-minute booster session served to review program content and afforded the opportunity to discuss and practice learned skills. This study sought to test the efficacy of the booster session in maintaining or recovering program effects at six months post-program. METHOD Participants in the program were randomly assigned to a group that received the booster session (n = 31) or a group that did not (n = 29). A third control group was also formed, which continued to receive only the usual care provided in memory clinics. Eligible participants - French-speaking primary caregivers of a relative diagnosed with Alzheimer's in the past nine months - were recruited in memory clinics in Quebec (Canada). Participants were blindly assessed before randomization and six months after the booster session on outcomes associated with a healthy role transition. RESULTS Prediction analyses revealed one significant positive effect of the booster session: emergence of preparedness to provide care. Moreover, with or without the booster session, the program continued to have a positive effect on psychological distress and contributed to the emergence of self-efficacy in dealing with caregiving situations. The booster session had no significant effect on knowledge of services, planning for future care needs, use of reframing as a coping strategy, perceived informal support, and family conflicts. CONCLUSION The limited effect observed is discussed in terms of the booster session's content and intensity. Recommendations are made for designing future research on the effect of booster sessions, including the importance of including a placebo booster group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Ducharme
- a Faculté des sciences infirmières , Université de Montréal , and Holder of the Desjardins Research Chair in Nursing Care for Seniors and Their Families, Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal , Montréal (Qc) , Canada
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Huang F, Qian Q, Wang Y. Cognitive behavioral therapy for adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2015; 16:161. [PMID: 25873090 PMCID: PMC4399752 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-015-0686-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a mental disorder beginning in childhood, and about half of patients have symptoms lasting into adulthood. Adult ADHD causes various impairments of emotional, self-esteem, and executive function and life quality aspects. Furthermore, adverse outcomes include academic and occupational failures, traffic accidents and substance abuse, which would be a family and social burden. A combination of medication and psychotherapy is recommended as the treatment for adult ADHD, and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been validated mostly with evidence-based researches. However, there has been a lack of randomized controlled trials of CBT for patients in China. Moreover, booster sessions of CBT for other disorders have proven effective in reducing recurrence and improving long-term outcomes, which has not been investigated for adult ADHD. This study will testify to the effect of CBT and explore the efficacy of subsequent booster sessions on adult ADHD. METHODS/DESIGN It is a three-armed randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of 12 weeks of CBT based on the published and validated manual and its booster sessions. The 12 weeks of CBT will be conducted weekly and will end at the 12th week, and then the booster sessions will be conducted monthly and end at the 24th week. There are three randomized groups, including a CBT with booster sessions group, a CBT group and a waiting group. Participants are outpatients of the Peking University Sixth Hospital who are diagnosed as having adult ADHD. The Primary efficacy endpoints are the scores of ADHD core symptoms at 12 and 24 weeks. Secondary endpoints include emotion, executive function, self-esteem, life quality and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data at different time points, and the change within every group will also be analyzed. DISCUSSION This is the first study to explore the efficacy of booster sessions of CBT in adult ADHD as far as we know. The results might increase proof of efficacy of CBT for adult ADHD in China, and the results showing efficacy of the booster sessions would also benefit our clinical practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials: NCT02062411, date of registration: 12 February 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Huang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), No. 51, Hua Yuan Bei Lu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, No. 51, Hua Yuan Bei Lu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Qiujin Qian
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), No. 51, Hua Yuan Bei Lu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, No. 51, Hua Yuan Bei Lu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), No. 51, Hua Yuan Bei Lu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Peking University, No. 51, Hua Yuan Bei Lu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Andersson E, Steneby S, Karlsson K, Ljótsson B, Hedman E, Enander J, Kaldo V, Andersson G, Lindefors N, Rück C. Long-term efficacy of Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder with or without booster: a randomized controlled trial. Psychol Med 2014; 44:2877-2887. [PMID: 25066102 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291714000543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As relapse after completed cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is common, many treatment protocols include booster programs to improve the long-term effects. However, the effects of booster programs are not well studied. In this study, we investigated the long-term efficacy of Internet-based CBT (ICBT) with therapist support for OCD with or without an Internet-based booster program. METHOD A total of 101 participants were included in the long-term follow-up analysis of ICBT. Of these, 93 were randomized to a booster program or no booster program. Outcome assessments were collected at 4, 7, 12 and 24 months after receiving ICBT. RESULTS The entire sample had sustained long-term effects from pre-treatment to all follow-up assessments, with large within-group effect sizes (Cohen's d = 1.58-2.09). The booster group had a significant mean reduction in OCD symptoms compared to the control condition from booster baseline (4 months) to 7 months, but not at 12 or 24 months. Participants in the booster group improved significantly in terms of general functioning at 7, 12 and 24 months, and had fewer relapses. Kaplan-Meier analysis also indicated a significantly slower relapse rate in the booster group. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that ICBT has sustained long-term effects and that adding an Internet-based booster program can further improve long-term outcome and prevent relapse for some OCD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Andersson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry,Karolinska Institutet,Stockholm,Sweden
| | - S Steneby
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry,Karolinska Institutet,Stockholm,Sweden
| | - K Karlsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry,Karolinska Institutet,Stockholm,Sweden
| | - B Ljótsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychology,Karolinska Institutet,Stockholm,Sweden
| | - E Hedman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychology,Karolinska Institutet,Stockholm,Sweden
| | - J Enander
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry,Karolinska Institutet,Stockholm,Sweden
| | - V Kaldo
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry,Karolinska Institutet,Stockholm,Sweden
| | - G Andersson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry,Karolinska Institutet,Stockholm,Sweden
| | - N Lindefors
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry,Karolinska Institutet,Stockholm,Sweden
| | - C Rück
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Psychiatry,Karolinska Institutet,Stockholm,Sweden
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Pitts M, Donohue B, Schubert KN, Chow GM, Loughran T, Gavrilova Y. A Systematic Case Examination of The Optimum Performance Program in Sports in a Combat Sport Athlete. Clin Case Stud 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1534650114548312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The integration of athletics into higher education enriches the experience of student-athletes, and the advantages are both immediate and lifelong. However, it is well-documented that athletes experience unique stressors, and a deficiency exists of evidence-supported programs to concurrently promote goal achievement in mental health and sport performance. Therefore, this case examination reviews efficacious implementation of The Optimum Performance Program in Sports (TOPPS) in a collegiate combat sport athlete evidencing alcohol dependence and concurrent elevations in mental health symptoms. An AB experimental design with follow-up assessments was utilized to determine the influence of intervention on the participant’s substance use, mental health, HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk behavior (i.e., unsafe sexual practices), relationships, and factors identified to interfere with sport performance. Unique to existing campus counseling programs, TOPPS incorporated significant other support to assist in goal accomplishment. The intervention program included innovative components that were built upon evidence-supported Family Behavior Therapy protocols, including Cultural Enlightenment, Dynamic Goals and Rewards, Performance Planning, Environmental Control, Self-Control, Reciprocity Awareness, and Positive Request. Intervention components were evaluated to be reliably implemented. The participant reported substantial improvements in mental health and reduced substance use from baseline to post-intervention assessment, and these improvements were sustained at 1- and 3-month follow-up assessments. Future directions in performance programming with student-athletes are discussed in light of the results including the incorporation of significant others in the intervention plan.
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Psychoeducational Interventions for Family Caregivers of Seniors across Their Life Trajectory: An Evidence-Based Research Program to Inform Clinical Practice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/316203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Family caregivers of the elderly are growing in number and the care they are called upon to deliver in industrialized countries is becoming increasingly demanding and complex. Empirical research shows that the caregiving situation can have a significant impact on the health of these caregivers often on account of stress, physical and psychological exhaustion, and a sense of being overwhelmed. In this context, the quality of life of these caregivers depends in large part on professional educational and support interventions. The purpose of this paper is to present three innovative psychoeducational intervention programs developed and empirically tested by the research team of the Université de Montréal’s (Québec, Canada) Chair in Nursing Care for Seniors and Their Families over the past fifteen years. These interventions have been developed together with family caregivers experiencing different stressful situations across their care trajectory. The results of evaluative studies of these programs provide evidence to inform professional clinical practice. Future directions for caregiving research are discussed.
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Working Memory Training and Transfer: Theoretical and Practical Considerations. SPRINGER PROCEEDINGS IN MATHEMATICS & STATISTICS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-07755-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Gearing RE, Schwalbe CSJ, Lee R, Hoagwood KE. The effectiveness of booster sessions in CBT treatment for child and adolescent mood and anxiety disorders. Depress Anxiety 2013; 30:800-8. [PMID: 23596102 DOI: 10.1002/da.22118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the effects of booster sessions in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for children and adolescents with mood or anxiety disorders, whereas controlling for youth demographics (e.g., gender, age), primary diagnosis, and intervention characteristics (e.g., treatment modality, number of sessions). METHODS Electronic databases were searched for CBT interventions for youth with mood and anxiety disorders. Fifty-three (k = 53) studies investigating 1,937 youth met criteria for inclusion. Booster sessions were examined using two case-controlled effect sizes: pre-post and pre-follow-up (6 months) effect sizes and employing weighted least squares (WLSs) regressions. RESULTS Meta-analyses found pre-post studies with booster sessions had a larger effect size r = .58 (k = 15; 95% CI = 0.52-0.65; P < .01) than those without booster sessions r = .45 (k = 38; 95% CI = 0.41-0.49; P < .001). In the WLS regression analyses, controlling for demographic factors, primary diagnosis, and intervention characteristics, studies with booster sessions showed larger pre-post effect sizes than those without booster sessions (B = 0.13, P < .10). Similarly, pre-follow-up studies with booster sessions showed a larger effect size r = .64 (k = 10; 95% CI = 0.57-0.70; P < .10) than those without booster sessions r = .48 (k = 20; 95% CI = 0.42-0.53; P < .01). Also, in the WLS regression analyses, pre-follow-up studies showed larger effect sizes than those without booster sessions (B = 0.08, P < .01) after accounting for all control variables. CONCLUSIONS Result suggests that CBT interventions with booster sessions are more effective and the effect is more sustainable for youth managing mood or anxiety disorders than CBT interventions without booster sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin E Gearing
- Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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Rusby JC, Jones LB, Crowley R, Smolkowski K, Arthun C. Predictors of Home-Based Child Care Providers’ Participation in Professional Development Workshops and Coaching. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10566-013-9209-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jaeggi SM, Buschkuehl M, Jonides J, Shah P. Short- and long-term benefits of cognitive training. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:10081-6. [PMID: 21670271 PMCID: PMC3121868 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1103228108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 411] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Does cognitive training work? There are numerous commercial training interventions claiming to improve general mental capacity; however, the scientific evidence for such claims is sparse. Nevertheless, there is accumulating evidence that certain cognitive interventions are effective. Here we provide evidence for the effectiveness of cognitive (often called "brain") training. However, we demonstrate that there are important individual differences that determine training and transfer. We trained elementary and middle school children by means of a videogame-like working memory task. We found that only children who considerably improved on the training task showed a performance increase on untrained fluid intelligence tasks. This improvement was larger than the improvement of a control group who trained on a knowledge-based task that did not engage working memory; further, this differential pattern remained intact even after a 3-mo hiatus from training. We conclude that cognitive training can be effective and long-lasting, but that there are limiting factors that must be considered to evaluate the effects of this training, one of which is individual differences in training performance. We propose that future research should not investigate whether cognitive training works, but rather should determine what training regimens and what training conditions result in the best transfer effects, investigate the underlying neural and cognitive mechanisms, and finally, investigate for whom cognitive training is most useful.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John Jonides
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1043
| | - Priti Shah
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1043
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DOUGALL ANGELALIEGEY, SWANSON JEFFREYN, GRIMM JESSICAR, JENNEY COLINT, FRAME MARKC. Tempering the Decline in College Student Physical Activity Using Informational Interventions: Moderating Effects of Stress and Stage of Change. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-9861.2011.00064.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Souvignier E, Trenk-Hinterberger I. Implementation eines Programms zur Förderung selbstregulierten Lesens. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PADAGOGISCHE PSYCHOLOGIE 2010. [DOI: 10.1024/1010-0652/a000017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es zu prüfen, ob die langfristige Wirksamkeit eines in den regulären Unterricht implementierten Programms zur Anleitung zum selbstregulierten Lesen durch einen ergänzenden Auffrischungsbaustein gesteigert werden kann. An der Untersuchung nahmen 27 Klassen der 5. Jahrgangsstufe teil (n = 779). Das Unterrichtsprogramm wurde im regulären Deutschunterricht während des ersten Schulhalbjahres in 22 Klassen durchgeführt, von denen in zehn Klassen (n = 288) im zweiten Schulhalbjahr auch die Auffrischungseinheit unterrichtet wurde. In fünf Kontrollklassen (n = 139) fand regulärer Deutschunterricht statt. Die Lernzuwächse im Hinblick auf das Lesestrategiewissen und das Leseverständnis fielen in beiden Untersuchungsgruppen signifikant höher aus als in den Kontrollklassen. Eine langfristige Überlegenheit gegenüber der Kontrollgruppe lag allerdings nur in der Gruppe vor, die auch den Auffrischungsbaustein absolviert hatte. Hier fielen die Follow-up-Effekte sogar noch höher aus als die kurzfristigen Effekte unmittelbar nach Abschluss des Programms. Auffrischungsstunden stellen mithin einen aussichtsreichen Ansatz dar, um die Implementation von Unterrichtsprogrammen nachhaltig zu unterstützen.
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Tolan PH, Gorman-Smith D, Henry D, Schoeny M. The benefits of booster interventions: evidence from a family-focused prevention program. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2010; 10:287-97. [PMID: 19513845 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-009-0139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Booster effects have been reported in few prevention and treatment studies. However, as noted by Eyberg et al. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 5, 544-554 (1998), there has been no adequate random-assignment test of booster effects to address the basic question of whether boosters increase effects over initial intervention. The present study addresses this question by randomly assigning 196 families to a booster intervention (SAFEChildren II) and comparing effects 1 year after that intervention with families who had been assigned to the initial intervention only (SAFEChildren I). Both interventions were based in a developmental-ecological framework emphasizing family management of child-rearing and related challenges within an inner-city social ecology. The booster led to a relative improvement in child aggression and concentration in school for the overall sample, with additional benefit for high-risk groups in academic achievement, behavior, and family organization. The study also suggests need for more careful study of processes related to booster effects in prevention, including comparison of competing models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick H Tolan
- Institute of Juvenile Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Assessing the impact of an emotion regulation booster program for elementary school-aged children. J Prim Prev 2009; 30:569-86. [PMID: 19672715 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-009-0188-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether children who participated in a booster program 3 years after completing an emotion regulation program show a greater increase between pretest and post-test in the development of emotion regulation skills than children in a comparison group. A booster program was implemented as a pilot project with seven children ages 12-14. The contrast group consisted of eight children ages 10-14. Results of the study showed that the booster group had significant increases on 4 of 10 outcome measures: emotional awareness, emotional expressiveness, number of identified body cues, and number of identified calming activities. The contrast group showed no significant pretest post-test changes on the outcomes measured. EDITORS' STRATEGIC IMPLICATIONS: Replication will be required with a larger sample size, but the emotion regulation results presented are encouraging. Program developers and evaluators will benefit from the authors' discussion of the importance and role of booster programs.
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Serovich JM, Reed S, Grafsky EL, Andrist D. An intervention to assist men who have sex with men disclose their serostatus to casual sex partners: results from a pilot study. AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR AIDS EDUCATION 2009; 21:207-219. [PMID: 19519236 PMCID: PMC2746097 DOI: 10.1521/aeap.2009.21.3.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This article reports pilot data from a newly developed disclosure intervention and associated measures specifically tailored for disclosure to casual sexual partners. Treatment consisted of a four-session, theoretically driven intervention focusing on the costs and benefits of disclosure. Using a randomized control, crossover design 77 men were randomized into one of three conditions (wait-list control, facilitator only, and computer and facilitator). Results of the study suggest that facilitated administration of the pilot intervention was effective in reducing mean scores on the HIV disclosure behavior and attitude scales and that these reductions were both statistically and practically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianne M Serovich
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Rusby JC, Smolkowski K, Marquez B, Taylor TK. A Small-Scale Randomized Efficacy Trial of Carescapes: Enhancing Children's Social Development in Child Care Homes. EARLY CHILDHOOD RESEARCH QUARTERLY 2008; 23:527-546. [PMID: 19802343 PMCID: PMC2658595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecresq.2008.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The quality of the child care environment and caregiver practices can potentially have significant, lasting impact on children's social development. This study involves the development and a small-scale efficacy trial of the Carescapes program, a video-based training program that focuses on promoting positive social development in young children attending family child care. Fifty-seven caregivers who provided child care in their homes were randomly assigned to immediate intervention or waitlist control groups. Random coefficients analyses showed significant increased use of effective behavior management practices and decreased overall children's problem behavior for the intervention group. A mediation model demonstrated that increases in effective behavior management practices were associated with decreases in problem behavior. A medium intervention effect was found for caregiver's monitoring and a small effect for use of positive attention. These effects declined 5 months following the intervention. Implications for future efficacy and effectiveness studies in family child care settings that involve strategies to facilitate maintenance are discussed.
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