1
|
Inupala S, Uzzaman MR, Pande P, Jagana S, Worku M. Effect of a garlic drench on Galectin gene expression in ovine whole blood. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2344208. [PMID: 38741260 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2344208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Garlic, known for its immune-modulating and antibiotic properties, contains lectins that possess antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects. Galectins (Gals), which bind β-galactosides, play a role in modulating immunity and pathological processes. It is hypothesized that garlic's lectin components interfere with animal lectins. St. Croix sheep, known for their resistance to parasites and adaptability, are influenced by dietary supplements for innate immunity. This study evaluated the impact of garlic drench on Galectin gene expression in St. Croix sheep. Adult non-lactating ewes received either garlic juice concentrate or sterile distilled water for four weeks. Blood samples were collected, and plasma and whole blood cells were separated. Galectin secretion was assessed using a Sheep-specific ELISA, while Galectin gene transcription was analyzed through real-time PCR. Garlic administration upregulated LGALS-3 gene expression and significantly increased total plasma protein concentration. Garlic supplementation also affected Galectin secretion, with Gal-1, Gal-3, and Gal-9 showing differential effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- SreeNavya Inupala
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Md Rasel Uzzaman
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Priyanka Pande
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Sowmya Jagana
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Mulumebet Worku
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ahmadi SS, Bagherzadeh O, Sargazi M, Kalantar F, Najafi MAE, Vahedi MM, Afshari AR, Sahebkar A. Harnessing the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals in neuroblastoma. Biofactors 2024. [PMID: 39189819 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Neuroblastomas are the most common solid tumors outside of the brain that originate from immature neural crest cells, accounting for about 10% of all pediatric malignancies. The treatment for neuroblastomas involves a multimodal schedule, including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. All these modalities are limited by side effects that might be severe, poor prognosis, and a high risk of recurrence. In the quest for additional therapeutic approaches, phytochemicals have attracted attention owing to their reported antitumor properties, safety, and multimechanistic mode of action. Several studies have used plant-derived bioactive compounds such as phenolics and flavonoids, suggesting modulation of biomolecules and signal transduction pathways involved in neuroblastoma. We reviewed the findings of recent preclinical and clinical studies demonstrating the effects of phytochemicals on neuroblastoma, shedding light on their molecular mechanism of action and potential therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Sajad Ahmadi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Khatam-Ol-Anbia Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Bagherzadeh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Khatam-Ol-Anbia Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Sargazi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Alzahra Eye Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Farnaz Kalantar
- Departman of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical sciences, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Elahi Najafi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Vahedi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bentke-Imiolek A, Szlęzak D, Zarzycka M, Wróbel M, Bronowicka-Adamska P. S-Allyl-L-Cysteine Affects Cell Proliferation and Expression of H 2S-Synthetizing Enzymes in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines. Biomolecules 2024; 14:188. [PMID: 38397425 PMCID: PMC10886539 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
S-allyl-L-cysteine (SAC) is a sulfur compound present in fresh garlic. The reference literature describes its anticancer, antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. Breast cancer is infamously known as one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies among women worldwide. Its morbidity and mortality make it reasonable to complete and expand knowledge on this cancer's characteristics. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and its naturally occurring donors are well-known investigation subjects for diverse therapeutic purposes. This study was conducted to investigate the SAC antiproliferative potential and effect on three enzymes involved in H2S metabolism: 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST), cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH), and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS). We chose the in vitro cellular model of human breast adenocarcinomas: MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. The expression of enzymes after 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 h incubation with 2.24 mM, 3.37 mM, and 4.50 mM SAC concentrations was examined. The number of living cells was determined by the MTS assay. Changes in cellular plasma membrane integrity were measured by the LDH test. Expression changes at the protein level were analyzed using Western blot. A significant decrease in viable cells was registered for MCF-7 cells after all incubation times upon 4.50 mM SAC exposure, and after 6 and 24 h only in MDA-MB-231 upon 4.50 mM SAC. In both cell lines, the MPST gene expression significantly increased after the 24 h incubation with 4.50 mM SAC. S-allyl-L-cysteine had opposite effects on changes in CTH and CBS expression in both cell lines. In our research model, we confirmed the antiproliferative potential of SAC and concluded that our studies provided current information about the increase in MPST gene expression mediated by S-allyl-L-cysteine in the adenocarcinoma in vitro cellular model for the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Further investigation of this in vitro model can bring useful information regarding sulfur enzyme metabolism of breast adenocarcinoma and regulating its activity and expression (gene silencing) in anticancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bentke-Imiolek
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Chair of Medical Biochemistry, 7 Kopernika Street, 31-034 Kraków, Poland; (D.S.); (M.Z.); (M.W.); (P.B.-A.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vijayan S, Loganathan C, Sakayanathan P, Thayumanavan P. In silico and in vitro investigation of anticancer effect of newly synthesized nonivamide-s-allyl cysteine ester. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:11511-11525. [PMID: 34344261 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1959404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nonivamide (NOV), less pungent analogue of capsaicin present in various Capsicum species is known for various biological properties. S-allyl cysteine (SAC) abundantly present in aged garlic extract is gaining importance for anticancer property. NOV was esterified with SAC to increase the biological activity. In silico ADME analysis revealed the drug-likeness of NOV-SAC. Molecular docking and dynamics simulation analysis were done to understand the interaction of NOV-SAC with therapeutic target proteins (human estrogen receptor α, tumo protein negative regulator mouse double minute 2, B-cell lymphoma 2 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2) to treat cancer. NOV-SAC interacted with these proteins stably with favorable binding energy which was calculated through MMGBSA method. In line with in silico results, NOV-SAC showed antiproliferative activity against breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). NOV-SAC treatment increased ROS generation, decreased the antioxidant level, arrested cells at G1/S phase, disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential and initiated DNA fragmentation. The expression of p53 is increased by NOV-SAC treatment, in concordance the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was decreased. Altogether, NOV-SAC was synthesized for the first time and it induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells through triggering ROS generation and increasing the expression of p53. The in silico results has been mirrored in in vitro analysis of NOV-SAC against cancer cell line.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Vijayan
- Department of Biochemistry, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chitra Loganathan
- Department of Biochemistry, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cinar A, Altuntas S, Demircan H, Dundar AN, Taner G, Oral RA. Encapsulated black garlic: Comparison with black garlic extract in terms of physicochemical properties, biological activities, production efficiency and storage stability. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
6
|
Colorectal Cancer Chemoprevention by S-Allyl Cysteine–Caffeic Acid Hybrids: In Vitro Biological Activity and In Silico Studies. Sci Pharm 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm90030040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) gives only a small increase in patient survival, since it is often diagnosed at late stages, when the tumor has disseminated to other organs. Moreover, it is common to observe that malignant cells may acquire resistance to conventional chemotherapies through different mechanisms, including reducing drug activation or accumulation (by enhancing efflux), inducing alterations in molecular targets, and inhibiting the DNA damage response, among other strategies. Considering these facts, the discovery of new molecules with therapeutic potential has become an invaluable tool in chemoprevention. In this context, we previously evaluated two hybrids (SAC-CAFA-MET and SAC-CAFA-PENT) that exhibited selective cytotoxicity against SW480 cells, with better results than the conventional chemotherapeutic agent (5-fluorouracil; 5-FU). Here, we investigated the possible mechanisms of these molecules in greater depth, to identify whether they could be valuable therapeutic scaffolds in the search for new molecules with chemopreventive potential for the treatment of CRC. Both compounds reduced ROS formation, which could be related to antioxidant effects. Further evaluations showed that SAC-CAFA-MET induces cell death independent of caspases and the tumor-suppressor protein p53, but probably mediated by the negative regulation of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2. In addition, the lack of activation of caspase-8 and the positive regulation of caspase-3 induced by SAC-CAFA-PENT suggest that this compound acts through an apoptotic mechanism, probably initiated by intrinsic pathways. Furthermore, the downregulation of IL-6 by SAC-CAFA-PENT suggests that it also induces a significant anti-inflammatory process. In addition, docking studies would suggest caspase-3 modulation as the primary mechanism by which SAC-CAFA-PENT elicits apoptosis in SW480human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Meanwhile, density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that both hybrids would produce effects in the modulation of ROS in SW480 cells via the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) pathway. The present work notes that SAC-CAFA-MET and SAC-CAFA-PENT could be potential candidates for further investigations in the search for potential chemopreventive agents.
Collapse
|
7
|
Mizutani T, Hara R, Takeuchi M, Yamagishi K, Hirao Y, Mori K, Hibi M, Ueda M, Ogawa J. l-Tryptophan-starved cultivation enhances S-allyl-l-cysteine synthesis in various food-related microorganisms. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 86:792-799. [PMID: 35388878 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
S-Allyl-l-cysteine (SAC) has received much interest due to its beneficial effects on human health. To satisfy the increasing demand for SAC, this study aims to develop a valuable culturing method for microbial screening synthesizing SAC from readily available materials. Although tryptophan synthase is a promising enzyme for SAC synthesis, its expression in microorganisms is strictly regulated by environmental l-tryptophan. Thus, we constructed a semisynthetic medium lacking l-tryptophan using casamino acids. This medium successfully enhanced the SAC-synthesizing activity of Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris NBRC 100676. In addition, microorganisms with high SAC-synthesizing activity were screened by the same medium. Food-related Klebsiella pneumoniae K-15 and Pantoea agglomerans P-3 were found to have a significantly increased SAC-synthesizing activity. The SAC-producing process established in this study is shorter in duration than the conventional garlic aging method. Furthermore, this study proposes a promising alternative strategy for producing food-grade SAC by microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taku Mizutani
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Hara
- Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michiki Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yamagishi
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products and Fine Chemicals, AJINOMOTO CO., INC., Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hirao
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products and Fine Chemicals, AJINOMOTO CO., INC., Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenichi Mori
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products and Fine Chemicals, AJINOMOTO CO., INC., Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Makoto Hibi
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama, Japan
| | - Makoto Ueda
- Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Materials Chemistry and Bioengineering, National Institute of Technology, Oyama College, Oyama, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Jun Ogawa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Patiño-Morales CC, Jaime-Cruz R, Sánchez-Gómez C, Corona JC, Hernández-Cruz EY, Kalinova-Jelezova I, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Maldonado PD, Silva-Islas CA, Salazar-García M. Antitumor Effects of Natural Compounds Derived from Allium sativum on Neuroblastoma: An Overview. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010048. [PMID: 35052552 PMCID: PMC8773006 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum) has been used in alternative medicine to treat several diseases, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and hepatic diseases. Several publications have highlighted other features of garlic, including its antibacterial, antioxidative, antihypertensive, and antithrombotic properties. The properties of garlic result from the combination of natural compounds that act synergistically and cause different effects. Some garlic-derived compounds have been studied for the treatment of several types of cancer; however, reports on the effects of garlic on neuroblastoma are scarce. Neuroblastoma is a prevalent childhood tumor for which the search for therapeutic alternatives to improve treatment without affecting the patients’ quality of life continues. Garlic-derived compounds hold potential for the treatment of this type of cancer. A review of articles published to date on some garlic compounds and their effect on neuroblastoma was undertaken to comprehend the possible therapeutic role of these compounds. This review aimed to analyze the impact of some garlic compounds on cells derived from neuroblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos César Patiño-Morales
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana—Cuajimalpa, Mexico City 05348, Mexico;
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Experimental Teratogenesis, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (R.J.-C.); (C.S.-G.)
| | - Ricardo Jaime-Cruz
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Experimental Teratogenesis, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (R.J.-C.); (C.S.-G.)
| | - Concepción Sánchez-Gómez
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Experimental Teratogenesis, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (R.J.-C.); (C.S.-G.)
| | - Juan Carlos Corona
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Estefani Yaquelin Hernández-Cruz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.Y.H.-C.); (I.K.-J.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - Ivia Kalinova-Jelezova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.Y.H.-C.); (I.K.-J.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.Y.H.-C.); (I.K.-J.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - Perla D. Maldonado
- Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (P.D.M.); (C.A.S.-I.)
| | - Carlos Alfredo Silva-Islas
- Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (P.D.M.); (C.A.S.-I.)
| | - Marcela Salazar-García
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Experimental Teratogenesis, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (R.J.-C.); (C.S.-G.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bastaki SMA, Ojha S, Kalasz H, Adeghate E. Chemical constituents and medicinal properties of Allium species. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:4301-4321. [PMID: 34420186 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04213-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Allium species, belonging to Alliaceae family, are among the oldest cultivated vegetables used as food. Garlic, onions, leeks and chives, which belong to this family, have been reported to have medicinal properties. The Allium species constituents have been shown to have antibacterial and antioxidant activities, and, in addition, other biological properties. These activities are related to their rich organosulfur compounds. These organosulfur compounds are believed to prevent the development of cancer, cardiovascular, neurological, diabetes, liver diseases as well as allergy and arthritis. There have also been reports on toxicities of these compounds. The major active compounds of Allium species includes, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, diallyl sulfide, dipropyl disulfide, dipropyl trisulfide, 1-propenylpropyl disulfide, allyl methyl disulfide and dimethyl disulfide. The aim of this review is to focus on a variety of experimental and clinical reports on the effectiveness, toxicities and possible mechanisms of actions of the active compounds of garlic, onions, leek and chives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salim M A Bastaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Huba Kalasz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, H-1445 Budapest, Hungary
| | - E Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, UAE
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sarvizadeh M, Hasanpour O, Naderi Ghale-Noie Z, Mollazadeh S, Rezaei M, Pourghadamyari H, Masoud Khooy M, Aschner M, Khan H, Rezaei N, Shojaie L, Mirzaei H. Allicin and Digestive System Cancers: From Chemical Structure to Its Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Oncol 2021; 11:650256. [PMID: 33987085 PMCID: PMC8111078 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.650256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Digestive system cancer tumors are one of the major causes of cancer-related fatalities; the vast majority of them are colorectal or gastric malignancies. Epidemiological evidence confirmed that allium-containing food, such as garlic, reduces the risk of developing malignancies. Among all compounds in garlic, allicin has been most researched, as it contains sulfur and produces many second degradation compounds, such as sulfur dioxide, diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl trisulfide (DATS), and diallyl disulfide (DADS) in the presence of enzymatic reactions in gastric juice. These substances have shown anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, and anticancer efficacy, including gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, leukemia, and skin cancers. Herein, we summarize the therapeutic potential of allicin in the treatment of GI cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahshad Sarvizadeh
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Hasanpour
- School of Paramedicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Samaneh Mollazadeh
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rezaei
- Department of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Pourghadamyari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Department of Medicine, Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Trends in H 2S-Donors Chemistry and Their Effects in Cardiovascular Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030429. [PMID: 33799669 PMCID: PMC8002049 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gasotransmitter recently emerged as an important regulatory mediator of numerous human cell functions in health and in disease. In fact, much evidence has suggested that hydrogen sulfide plays a significant role in many physio-pathological processes, such as inflammation, oxidation, neurophysiology, ion channels regulation, cardiovascular protection, endocrine regulation, and tumor progression. Considering the plethora of physiological effects of this gasotransmitter, the protective role of H2S donors in different disease models has been extensively studied. Based on the growing interest in H2S-releasing compounds and their importance as tools for biological and pharmacological studies, this review is an exploration of currently available H2S donors, classifying them by the H2S-releasing-triggered mechanism and highlighting those potentially useful as promising drugs in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
|
12
|
De Greef D, Barton EM, Sandberg EN, Croley CR, Pumarol J, Wong TL, Das N, Bishayee A. Anticancer potential of garlic and its bioactive constituents: A systematic and comprehensive review. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 73:219-264. [PMID: 33301861 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vegetables of the Allium genus, such as garlic (Allium sativum L.), onions, shallots, leaks, and chives, have been used for many years for food consumption and for medicinal purposes. Historical medical texts have indicated the therapeutic applications of garlic as an antitumor, laxative, diuretic, antibacterial and antifungal agent. Specifically, garlic's antitumor abilities have been traced back 3500 years as a chemotherapeutic agent used in Egypt. Other beneficial effects of garlic consumption include lowering blood pressure, blood cholesterol, sugar and lipids. The processing and aging of garlic result in the production of non-toxic organosulfur by-products. These sulfur-containing compounds, such as allicin, diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, alliin, S-allylcysteine, and S-allylmercaptocysteine, impact various stages of carcinogenesis. The anticancer mechanisms of action of these garlic-derived phytochemicals include altering mitochondrial permeability, inhibiting angiogenesis, enhancing antioxidative and proapoptotic properties, and regulating cell proliferation. All these effects of garlic's sulfur-compounds have been demonstrated in various human cancers. The intent of this literature research is to explore the potential of garlic-derived products and bioactive organosulfur compounds as cancer chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents. This investigation employs criteria for systematic review and critically analyzes published in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. Concerns and limitations that have arisen in past studies regarding standards of measurement, bioavailability, and method of delivery are addressed. Overall, it is hoped that through this systematic and comprehensive review, future researchers can be acquainted with the updated data assembled on anticancer properties of garlic and its phytoconstituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily M Barton
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Elise N Sandberg
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | | | - Joshua Pumarol
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Tin Lok Wong
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Niranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar College, Belonia 799 155, Tripura, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Subramanian MS, Nandagopal MS G, Amin Nordin S, Thilakavathy K, Joseph N. Prevailing Knowledge on the Bioavailability and Biological Activities of Sulphur Compounds from Alliums: A Potential Drug Candidate. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184111. [PMID: 32916777 PMCID: PMC7570905 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allium sativum (garlic) is widely known and is consumed as a natural prophylactic worldwide. It produces more than 200 identified chemical compounds, with more than 20 different kinds of sulfide compounds. The sulfide compounds particularly are proven to contribute to its various biological roles and pharmacological properties such as antimicrobial, antithrombotic, hypoglycemic, antitumour, and hypolipidemic. Therefore, it is often referred as disease-preventive food. Sulphur-containing compounds from A. sativum are derivatives of S-alkenyl-l-cysteine sulfoxides, ajoene molecules, thiosulfinates, sulfides, and S-allylcysteine. This review presents an overview of the water-soluble and oil-soluble sulphur based phytochemical compounds present in garlic, highlighting their mechanism of action in treating various health conditions. However, its role as a therapeutic agent should be extensively studied as it depends on factors such as the effective dosage and the suitable method of preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murugan Sesha Subramanian
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.S.S.); (S.A.N.)
| | - Giri Nandagopal MS
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India;
| | - Syafinaz Amin Nordin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.S.S.); (S.A.N.)
| | - Karuppiah Thilakavathy
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Narcisse Joseph
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.S.S.); (S.A.N.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Effect of S-Allyl -L-Cysteine on MCF-7 Cell Line 3-Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase/Sulfane Sulfur System, Viability and Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21031090. [PMID: 32041330 PMCID: PMC7037078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The S-Allyl-L-cysteine (SAC) component of aged garlic extract (AGE) is proven to have anticancer, antihepatotoxic, neuroprotective and neurotrophic properties. γ-Cystathionase (CTH), cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST) are involved in H2S/sulfane sulfur endogenous formation from L-cysteine. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of SAC on MCF-7 cells survival and apoptosis, which is a widely known approach to reduce the number of cancer cells. An additional goal of this paper was to investigate the effect of SAC on the activity and expression of enzymes involved in H2S production. The experiments were carried out in the human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7. Changes in the cell viability were determined by MTT assay. Cell survival was determined by flow cytometry (FC). Changes in enzymes expression were analyzed using Western blot. After 24 h and 48 h incubation with 2245 µM SAC, induction of late apoptosis was observed. A decrease in cell viability was observed with increasing SAC concentration and incubation time. SAC had no significant cytotoxic effect on the MCF-7 cells upon all analyzed concentrations. CTH, MPST and CBS expression were confirmed in non-treated MCF-7 cells. Significant decrease in MPST activity at 2245 µM SAC after 24 h and 48 h incubation vs. 1000 µM SAC was associated with decrease in sulfane sulfur levels. The presented results show promising SAC effects regarding the deterioration of the MCF-7 cells’ condition in reducing their viability through the downregulation of MPST expression and sulfate sulfur level reduction.
Collapse
|
15
|
Agbana YL, Ni Y, Zhou M, Zhang Q, Kassegne K, Karou SD, Kuang Y, Zhu Y. Garlic-derived bioactive compound S-allylcysteine inhibits cancer progression through diverse molecular mechanisms. Nutr Res 2020; 73:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
16
|
Green synthesized selenium nanoparticle as carrier and potent delivering agent of s-allyl glutathione: Anticancer effect against hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2) through induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
17
|
Natural Hydrogen Sulfide Donors from Allium sp. as a Nutraceutical Approach in Type 2 Diabetes Prevention and Therapy. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071581. [PMID: 31336965 PMCID: PMC6682899 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a socially relevant chronic disease with high prevalence worldwide. DM may lead to several vascular, macrovascular, and microvascular complications (cerebrovascular, coronary artery, and peripheral arterial diseases, retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy), often accelerating the progression of atherosclerosis. Dietary therapy is generally considered to be the first step in the treatment of diabetic patients. Among the current therapeutic options, such as insulin therapy and hypoglycemic drugs, in recent years, attention has been shifting to the effects and properties-that are still not completely known-of medicinal plants as valid and inexpensive therapeutic supports with limited side effects. In this review, we report the relevant effects of medicinal plants and nutraceuticals in diabetes. In particular, we paid attention to the organosulfur compounds (OSCs) present in plant extracts that due to their antioxidant, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects, can contribute as cardioprotective agents in type 2 DM. OSCs derived from garlic (Allium sp.), due to their properties, can represent a valuable support to the diet in type 2 DM, as outlined in this manuscript based on both in vitro and in vivo studies. Moreover, a relevant characteristic of garlic OSCs is their ability to produce the gasotransmitter H2S, and many of their effects can be explained by this property. Indeed, in recent years, several studies have demonstrated the relevant effects of endogenous and exogenous H2S in human DM, including by in vitro and in vivo experiments and clinical trials; therefore, here, we summarize the effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms of H2S and natural H2S donors.
Collapse
|
18
|
Miraghajani M, Rafie N, Hajianfar H, Larijani B, Azadbakht L. Aged Garlic and Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int J Prev Med 2018; 9:84. [PMID: 30487964 PMCID: PMC6212616 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_437_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, which increases health-care costs. It has been reported that some dietary components such as aged garlic, one of the garlic preparations with no strong odor and harsh irritating taste, exhibits anticancer effects. This review summarizes the potential beneficial effects of aged garlic on cancer incidences as well as prevention and improvement of factors related to malignancy. Electronic databases, including MEDLINE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched. All study designs which were focused on cancer incidence, or indices related to malignancy as outcomes in human, animal, and human cells studies, and aged garlic and its ingredients as exposures were reviewed in accordance to the items for systematic reviews (PRISMA) guidelines. Initially, 304 articles were identified. Then, 25 articles which met the inclusion criteria were selected. Based on the evaluation, overall quality score of human studies was well. Although there were inconsistent evidence from human studies, results of the animal and laboratory results were mostly consistent. The overall findings may suggest that intakes of aged garlic are inversely associated with cancer. In this regard, the studies have shortcomings. Therefore, more precise investigations will be necessary to decide whether aged garlic consumption is recommendable as a part of cancer prevention or control programs. However, due to anticancer properties of aged garlic, its consumption along with healthy diet may have beneficial effects on cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Miraghajani
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,The Early Life Research Unit, Division of Child Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nahid Rafie
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Hajianfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Isfahan, Iran.,Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Effects of dietary Allium hookeri root on growth performance and antioxidant activity in young broiler chickens. Res Vet Sci 2018; 118:345-350. [PMID: 29635171 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of Allium hookeri (AH) root in two forms, powdered AH root and fermented powdered AH root, to demonstrate its value as an antibiotic alternative feed additive for broiler chickens. A total of 125 male Ross-708 broiler chickens were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 25 birds/group) and fed standard diets supplemented with root or fermented root of AH at two different levels (1% or 5%). Control birds were provided with non-supplemented basal diets. Body weights was measured at days 14 and 21 of age. To monitor antioxidant activities, heme oxygenase (HMOX), aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase (AFAR), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and catalase (CAT) enzyme levels were quantified by real-time PCR in the jejunums 21-day-old birds. Also, serum levels of SOD, CAT, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured using commercial kits. The results showed greater body weight gains at day 14 in chickens fed diets supplemented with 1% AH root, as compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Up-regulated transcript levels of AFAR, HMOX1, and CAT were observed in the jejunum of chickens fed diets supplemented with AH. The serum levels SOD and CAT were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in groups treated with AH, whereas MDA levels were decreased in groups fed diets supplemented with AH, as compared to the control group. These results indicated that an optimum level of dietary AH supplementation to young broiler chickens influences growth and improves antioxidant activities.
Collapse
|
20
|
Ciocci M, Iorio E, Carotenuto F, Khashoggi HA, Nanni F, Melino S. H2S-releasing nanoemulsions: a new formulation to inhibit tumor cells proliferation and improve tissue repair. Oncotarget 2018; 7:84338-84358. [PMID: 27741519 PMCID: PMC5356665 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The improvement of solubility and/or dissolution rate of poorly soluble natural compounds is an ideal strategy to make them optimal candidates as new potential drugs. Accordingly, the allyl sulfur compounds and omega-3 fatty acids are natural hydrophobic compounds that exhibit two important combined properties: cardiovascular protection and antitumor activity. Here, we have synthesized and characterized a novel formulation of diallyl disulfide (DADS) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) as protein-nanoemulsions (BAD-NEs), using ultrasounds. BAD-NEs are stable over time at room temperature and show antioxidant and radical scavenging property. These NEs are also optimal H2S slow-release donors and show a significant anti-proliferative effect on different human cancer cell lines: MCF-7 breast cancer and HuT 78 T-cell lymphoma cells. BAD-NEs are able to regulate the ERK1/2 pathway, inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. We have also investigated their effect on cell proliferation of human adult stem/progenitor cells. Interestingly, BAD-NEs are able to improve the Lin- Sca1+ human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPC) proliferation. This stem cell growth stimulation is combined with the expression and activation of proteins involved in tissue-repair, such as P-AKT, α-sma and connexin 43. Altogether, our results suggest that these antioxidant nanoemulsions might have potential application in selective cancer therapy and for promoting the muscle tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ciocci
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Egidio Iorio
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Felicia Carotenuto
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Haneen A Khashoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Nanni
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Melino
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lee Y, Lee SH, Gadde UD, Oh ST, Lee SJ, Lillehoj HS. Dietary Allium hookeri reduces inflammatory response and increases expression of intestinal tight junction proteins in LPS-induced young broiler chicken. Res Vet Sci 2017; 112:149-155. [PMID: 28391057 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We undertook a study to assess the effects of Allium hookeri (AH)
root and fermented root on inflammation and intestinal integrity of
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged broiler chickens. Birds were assigned
to six groups (n = 25 birds/treatment) and fed with basal diets
(CON) or basal diets supplemented with AH root or fermented root at
two concentrations (1 or 5%). At 7 d of age, five groups (n= 125) in
each dietary treatment were injected with LPS (1 mg/kg body weight),
and the remaining 25 birds were injected with sterile phosphate-buffered
saline (PBS) as a negative control. LPS challenge significantly
reduced average body weight gain at 24 h post-injection compared with
PBS control. Fermented root supplementation increased average body
weight gain by 1% compared with the LPS-challenged control. Serum α-
1-AGP levels, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor superfamily
member 15 (TNFSF15), and LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor-α
factor (LITAF) transcript levels were significantly higher in the small
intestine in LPS-injected chickens. However α-1-AGP levels were reduced
by AH root or fermented root (1 and 5%) supplementation and
IL-1β, IL-8, and LITAF were also down-regulated by root and fermented
root (1 and 5%) supplementation. The reduced expression of tight
junction proteins (junctional adhesion molecule 2 (JAM2) and occludin)
and intestinal mucin 2 (MUC2) by LPS challenge was reversed
by root or fermented root (1 and 5%) supplementation. These findings
demonstrate that dietary AH root and fermented root influence antiinflammatory
activity and tight junction protein expression in LPS-induced
chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youngsub Lee
- Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Sung-Hyen Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Department Administration, 166, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Isoe-Myeon, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea
| | - Ujvala Deepthi Gadde
- Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Sung-Taek Oh
- Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Sung-Jin Lee
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, South Korea
| | - Hyun S Lillehoj
- Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Study on the interaction of bioactive compound S-allyl cysteine from garlic with serum albumin. J Food Drug Anal 2016; 25:385-390. [PMID: 28911681 PMCID: PMC9332522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Multispectroscopic techniques were used to investigate the interaction of S-allyl cysteine (SAC) from garlic with human serum albumin (HSA). UV–Vis absorption measurements prove the formation of the HSA–SAC complex. An analysis of fluorescence spectra revealed that in the presence of SAC, the quenching mechanism of HSA is considered static. The quenching rate constant Kq, KSV, and the binding constant KA were estimated. According to the Van’t Hoff equation, the thermodynamic parameters enthalpy change (ΔH) and entropy change (ΔS) were calculated to be −1.00 × 105 J/mol and −255 J/mol/K, respectively. These indicate that hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces are the major forces between SAC and HSA. The changes in the secondary structure of HSA, which was induced by SAC, were determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Energy transfer was confirmed and the distance between donor and acceptor was calculated to be 2.83 nm.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abdi SAH, Najmi AK, Raisuddin S. Cyclophosphamide-induced Down-Regulation of Uroplakin II in the Mouse Urinary Bladder Epithelium is Prevented by S-Allyl Cysteine. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 119:598-603. [PMID: 27234646 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The alkylating anticancer drug, cyclophosphamide (CP), induces a number of toxic effects including haemorrhagic cystitis (HC) in the urinary bladder. Uroplakins are unique urinary transmembrane proteins of urothelium, which may become potential targets of CP metabolites and reactive free radicals. Natural compounds, especially those rich in thiols, have shown protective effects against CP-induced HC. In this study, we studied the modulatory effect of the thiol-rich compound S-allyl cysteine (SAC) on the mRNA level of uroplakin II by real-time polymerase chain reaction and expression of uroplakin II protein by immunoblotting. SAC (150 mg/kg) showed significant (p < 0.001) protective effects against CP (200 mg/kg)-induced alteration in mRNA level and protein expression of uroplakin II. SAC also protected animals from CP-induced HC as assessed by gross morphological examination of urinary bladder. When compared with mercaptoethane sulphonic acid (mesna) (40 mg/kg), a known thiol-rich drug used in clinical application, SAC was found to be more efficacious in affording protection in urinary bladder tissues. Role of uroplakins in CP-induced urinary bladder toxicity has not been well investigated. This study demonstrated that uroplakins may be the potential target of toxic metabolites of CP and natural compounds such as SAC have the capacity to modulate their expression leading to reduced toxicity burden on the urinary bladder epithelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Aliul Hasan Abdi
- Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India.,Department of Pharmacology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India.,Faculty of Interdisciplinary Sciences and Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Sheikh Raisuddin
- Department of Medical Elementology & Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Qu Z, Mossine VV, Cui J, Sun GY, Gu Z. Protective Effects of AGE and Its Components on Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration. Neuromolecular Med 2016; 18:474-82. [PMID: 27263111 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-016-8410-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum) is used for culinary and medicinal purposes in diverse cultures worldwide. When fresh garlic is soaked in aqueous ethanol under ambient environment over 4 months or longer, the majority of irritating taste and odor is eliminated and the antioxidant profile in the resulting aged garlic extract (AGE) changes significantly. Recently, AGE and its components have been demonstrated to exert neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and cerebral ischemia. Because of its health supporting potential, there is increasing interest in understanding the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and the underlying mechanisms for its protective effects in heath and disease. There is evidence for AGE to exert its action on distinct signaling pathways associated with oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, although the primary molecular mechanisms remain unclear. By utilizing quantitative proteomic approaches, we demonstrated that AGE and two of its major ingredients, S-allyl-L-cysteine and N (α)-(1-deoxy-D-fructos-1-yl)-L-arginine, can attenuate neuroinflammatory responses in microglial cells through modulation of Nrf2-mediated signaling as well as other oxidative stress-related pathways. These experimental data provide information for the molecular targets of AGE and its components to mitigate neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation and show a promising potential of these compounds as dietary supplements for health maintenance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Qu
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, M263 Medical Science Building, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Valeri V Mossine
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Jiankun Cui
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, M263 Medical Science Building, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Harry S. Truman Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Grace Y Sun
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, M263 Medical Science Building, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Zezong Gu
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri School of Medicine, M263 Medical Science Building, One Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA. .,Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA. .,Harry S. Truman Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cho O, Hwang HS, Lee BS, Oh YT, Kim CH, Chun M. Met inactivation by S-allylcysteine suppresses the migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal cancer cells induced by hepatocyte growth factor. Radiat Oncol J 2015; 33:328-36. [PMID: 26756033 PMCID: PMC4707216 DOI: 10.3857/roj.2015.33.4.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Past studies have reported that S-allylcysteine (SAC) inhibits the migration and invasion of cancer cells through the restoration of E-cadherin, the reduction of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and Slug protein expression, and inhibition of the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, evidence is emerging that shows that ROS induced by radiation could increase Met activation. Following on these reports of SAC and Met, we investigated whether SAC could suppress Met activation. Materials and Methods Wound healing, invasion, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT), soft agar colony forming, western blotting, and gelatin zymography assays were performed in the human nasopharyngeal cancer cell lines HNE1 and HONE1 treated with SAC (0, 10, 20, or 40 mM) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Results This study showed that SAC could suppress the migration and invasion of HNE1 and HONE1 cell lines by inhibiting p-Met. An increase of migration and invasion induced by HGF and its decrease in a dose dependent manner by SAC in wound healing and invasion assays was observed. The reduction of p-Met by SAC was positively correlated with p-focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK) and p-extracellular related kinase (p-ERK in both cell lines). SAC reduced Slug, MMP2, and MMP9 involved in migration and invasion with the inhibition of Met-FAK signaling. Conclusion These results suggest that SAC inhibited not only Met activation but also the downstream FAK, Slug, and MMP expression. Finally, SAC may be a potent anticancer compound for nasopharyngeal cancer treated with radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oyeon Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hye-Sook Hwang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Bok-Soon Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young-Taek Oh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Mison Chun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Antioxidant and hypolipidemic potential of aged garlic extract and its constituent, s-allyl cysteine, in rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:328545. [PMID: 25918544 PMCID: PMC4397029 DOI: 10.1155/2015/328545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Aged garlic extract (AGE) is one of the unique preparations standardized with 100% bioavailable active ingredients found in the bloodstream. The current research was aimed at exploring the role of AGE and its chief active constituent, s-allyl cysteine (SAC) as antioxidant and hypolipidemic agent in rats. At the end of treatment of AGE and SAC, separated serum and freshly prepared liver tissue homogenate were analyzed for biochemical enzymes and biomarkers to evaluate and compare potencies of investigational agents. Both AGE and SAC significantly declined elevated levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, ALP, AST, ALT, malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity, total glutathione and oxidised glutathione in serum and inclined superoxide dismutase, catalase, ferric reducing/antioxidant power, and total sulfhydryl values in liver tissue with reduction in thiobarbituric acid reactive species. The protective effects were superior with AGE compared with SAC indicating potential implication of other active constituents apart from SAC in AGE for combating hyperlipidemic stress.
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhao Y, Pacheco A, Xian M. Medicinal Chemistry: Insights into the Development of Novel H2S Donors. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2015; 230:365-388. [PMID: 26162844 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18144-8_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was traditionally considered as a toxic gas. However, recent studies have demonstrated H2S is an endogenously generated gaseous signaling molecule (gasotransmitter) with importance on par with that of two other well-known endogenous gasotransmitters, nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Although H2S's exact mechanisms of action are still under investigation, the production of endogenous H2S and the exogenous administration of H2S have been demonstrated to elicit a wide range of physiological responses including modulation of blood pressure and protection of ischemia reperfusion injury, exertion of anti-inflammatory effects, and reduction of metabolic rate. These results strongly suggest that modulation of H2S levels could have potential therapeutic values. In this regard, synthetic H2S-releasing agents (i.e., H2S donors) are not only important research tools, but also potential therapeutic agents. This chapter summarizes the knowledge of currently available H2S donors. Their preparation, H2S releasing mechanisms, and biological applications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Park JY, Yoon KY. Comparison of the Nutrient Composition and Quality of the Root of Allium hookeri Grown in Korea and Myanmar. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.9721/kjfst.2014.46.5.544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
29
|
4-[2-Allylsulfanyl-1-(carboxymethyl-carbamoyl)-ethylcarbamoyl]-2-amino-butyric acid: evaluation as topoisomerase inhibitor using in vitro assay and molecular docking study. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1263-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
30
|
You BJ, Wu YC, Lee CL, Lee HZ. Non-homologous end joining pathway is the major route of protection against 4β-hydroxywithanolide E-induced DNA damage in MCF-7 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 65:205-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
31
|
You BR, Kim E, Jang JY, Choi HJ, Kim HJ. Quality characteristics of kimchi with Allium hookeri root powder added. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.11002/kjfp.2013.20.6.863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
32
|
|
33
|
Kim CH, Lee MA, Kim TW, Jang JY, Kim HJ. Anti-inflammatory Effect of Allium hookeri Root Methanol Extract in LPS-induced RAW264.7 Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2012.41.11.1645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
34
|
Bae SE, Cho SY, Won YD, Lee SH, Park HJ. A comparative study of the different analytical methods for analysis of S-allyl cysteine in black garlic by HPLC. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2011.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
35
|
Ng KTP, Guo DY, Cheng Q, Geng W, Ling CC, Li CX, Liu XB, Ma YY, Lo CM, Poon RTP, Fan ST, Man K. A garlic derivative, S-allylcysteine (SAC), suppresses proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31655. [PMID: 22389672 PMCID: PMC3289621 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is highly malignant and metastatic. Currently, there is no effective chemotherapy for patients with advanced HCC leading to an urgent need to seek for novel therapeutic options. We aimed to investigate the effect of a garlic derivative, S-allylcysteine (SAC), on the proliferation and metastasis of HCC. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A series of in vitro experiments including MTT, colony-forming, wound-healing, invasion, apoptosis and cell cycle assays were performed to examine the anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects of SAC on a metastatic HCC cell line MHCC97L. The therapeutic values of SAC single and combined with cisplatin treatments were examined in an in vivo orthotopic xenograft liver tumor model. The result showed that the proliferation rate and colony-forming abilities of MHCC97L cells were suppressed by SAC together with significant suppression of the expressions of proliferation markers, Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Moreover, SAC hindered the migration and invasion of MHCC97L cells corresponding with up-regulation of E-cadherin and down-regulation of VEGF. Furthermore, SAC significantly induced apoptosis and necrosis of MHCC97L cells through suppressing Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 as well as activating caspase-3 and caspase-9. In addition, SAC could significantly induce the S phase arrest of MHCC97L cells together with down-regulation of cdc25c, cdc2 and cyclin B1. In vivo xenograft liver tumor model demonstrated that SAC single or combined with cisplatin treatment inhibited the progression and metastasis of HCC tumor. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Our data demonstrate the anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects of SAC on HCC cells and suggest that SAC may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T. P. Ng
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions (SAR)
| | - Dong Yong Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions (SAR)
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University, Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions (SAR)
| | - Wei Geng
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions (SAR)
| | - Chang Chun Ling
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions (SAR)
| | - Chang Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions (SAR)
| | - Xiao Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions (SAR)
| | - Yuen Yuen Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions (SAR)
| | - Chung Mau Lo
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions (SAR)
| | - Ronnie T. P. Poon
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions (SAR)
| | - Sheung Tat Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions (SAR)
| | - Kwan Man
- State Key Laboratory for Liver Research, Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Regions (SAR)
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zaid H, Silbermann M, Ben-Arye E, Saad B. Greco-arab and islamic herbal-derived anticancer modalities: from tradition to molecular mechanisms. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2011; 2012:349040. [PMID: 22203868 PMCID: PMC3235667 DOI: 10.1155/2012/349040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of cancer is increasing in the developed countries and even more so in developing countries parallel to the increase in life expectancy. In recent years, clinicians and researchers advocate the need to include supportive and palliative care since the establishment of the diagnosis and throughout the duration of treatment, with the goal of improving patients' quality of life. This patient-centered approach in supportive care is also shared by various traditional and complementary medicine approaches. Traditional Arab-Islamic medicine offers a variety of therapeutic modalities that include herbal, nutritional, and spiritual approaches. Physicians and scholars, such as Avicenna (980-1037), Rhazes (965-915), Al Zahrawi (936-1013), and Ibn al Nafis (1218-1288) referred to cancer etiology in various medicinal texts and suggested both preventive and therapeutic remedies to alleviate suffering. This review presents research data related to the anticancer activities of herbs used in Arab-Islamic medicine and allude to their potential role in improving the quality of life of cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Zaid
- Qasemi Research Center, Al-Qasemi Academy, P.O. Box 124, Baqa El-Gharbia 30100, Israel
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Arab American University Jenin, P.O. Box 240, Jenin, Palestine
| | - Michael Silbermann
- Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Middle East Cancer Consortium, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eran Ben-Arye
- Integrative Oncology Program, The Oncology Service, Lin Medical Center, Clalit Health Services, Western Galilee District, Haifa, Israel
- Complementary and Traditional Medicine Unit, Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel and Clalit Health Services, Western Galilee District, Haifa, Israel
| | - Bashar Saad
- Qasemi Research Center, Al-Qasemi Academy, P.O. Box 124, Baqa El-Gharbia 30100, Israel
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Arab American University Jenin, P.O. Box 240, Jenin, Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lee HS, Yang ST, Ryu BH. Effects of Aged Black Garlic Extract on Lipid Improvement in Rats Fed with High Fat-Cholesterol Diet. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.5352/jls.2011.21.6.884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
38
|
Kunthavai Nachiyar R, Subramanian P, Tamilselvam K, Manivasagam T. Influence of S-allyl cysteine on biochemical circadian rhythms in young and aged rats. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2010.491246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
39
|
Li K, Wang H, Cheng L, Wang M, Zhu R, Wang SL. Characterization of transient species produced from laser flash photolysis of a new cardioprotective drug: S-propargyl-cysteine. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2011.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
40
|
Spera MBM, Quintão FA, Ferraresi DKD, Lustri WR, Magalhães A, Formiga ALB, Corbi PP. Palladium(II) complex with S-allyl-L-cysteine: new solid-state NMR spectroscopic measurements, molecular modeling and antibacterial assays. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 78:313-318. [PMID: 21050807 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2010.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Revised: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 10/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance studies, molecular modeling and antibacterial assays of the palladium(II) complex with S-allyl-L-cysteine (deoxyalliin) are presented. Studies based on solid and solution 13C and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy confirmed that the palladium(II) complex preserved the same structural arrangement in both states, with no modifications on coordination sphere when dissolved in water. Density functional theory (DFT) studies stated that the trans isomer is the most stable one. Antibacterial activities of S-allyl-L-cysteine and its palladium(II) complex were evaluated by antibiogram assays using the disc diffusion method. The palladium(II) complex showed an effective antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative) bacterial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelle B M Spera
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas-UNICAMP, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, s/n, CP 6154, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Asdaq SM, Inamdar MN. Potential of garlic and its active constituent, S-allyl cysteine, as antihypertensive and cardioprotective in presence of captopril. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 17:1016-1026. [PMID: 20739164 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Revised: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of fresh garlic homogenate (FGH) and its bioactive sulphur compound S-allyl cysteine sulphoxide (SACS) in potentiating antihypertensive and cardioprotective activities of captopril in rats. SACS was extracted from the fresh garlic using ion exchange resins with yield of 890 mg/kg garlic. The dose of SACS was calculated based on the amount of SACS extracted from 125 to 250 mg of FGH. Albino rats weighing 150-200 g were fed with 10% fructose in fluid for 3 weeks for induction of hypertension and subsequently administered FGH (125 and 250 mg/kg, p.o.) or SACS (0.111 and 0.222 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for the next 3 weeks in their respective groups. In CAP alone and interactive groups (GH+CAP; SACS+CAP), captopril 30 mg/kg was given during sixth week of 10% fructose in fluid. At the end of drug treatment, animals were given isoproterenol 175 mg/kg subcutaneously for two consecutive days. Additionally, varying concentrations of SACS (4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 ng), CAP (1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 ng) and their combination (4:1) were checked for fall in blood pressure in hypertensive rats (10% fructose in fluid without pretreatment) as well as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibiting activity using guinea pig ileum. An isobolographic analysis was used to characterise the interaction between SACS and CAP for fall in blood pressure and ACE inhibiting evaluations. Administration of captopril, low and high doses of FGH (125, 250 mg/kg), either alone or together showed fall in fluid intake and body weight. The combined therapy of FGH 250 mg/kg and CAP was more effective in reducing systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose. The SOD and catalase activities in heart tissue were significantly elevated in groups treated with FGH, SACS, CAP, FGH+CAP and SACS+CAP. Further, combined therapy of FGH 250 mg/kg and CAP caused significant fall in LDH and CK-MB activities in serum and elevation in heart tissue homogenate. SACS in low dose was less effective than low dose of FGH; similarly, high dose of FGH was more efficacious than high dose of SACS. Corroborating with this, combined therapy of garlic (250 mg/kg) with CAP demonstrated higher synergistic action than combination of SACS (0.222 mg/kg) with CAP suggesting the role of additional bioactive constituents apart from SACS, responsible for therapeutic efficacy of garlic. Moreover, combination of SACS and CAP exerted super-additive (synergistic) interaction with respect to fall in blood pressure and ACE inhibition. This study may represent an advertence on concomitant use of garlic or its bioactive constituent, SACS, with captopril.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Asdaq
- Department of Phaarmacology, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Varthur Hobli, Chikkabellandur Village, Carmalaram Post, Bangalore 560035, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Allyl sulfur compounds and cellular detoxification system: effects and perspectives in cancer therapy. Amino Acids 2010; 41:103-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-010-0522-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2009] [Accepted: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
43
|
Omar SH, Al-Wabel NA. Organosulfur compounds and possible mechanism of garlic in cancer. Saudi Pharm J 2009; 18:51-8. [PMID: 23960721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2009.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2009] [Accepted: 12/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum), a member of the family Liliaceae, contains an abundance of chemical compounds that have been shown to possess beneficial effects to protect against several diseases, including cancer. Evidence supports the protective effects of garlic in stomach, colorectal, breast cancer in humans. The protective effects appear to be related to the presence of organosulfur compounds, predominantly allyl derivatives, which also have been shown to inhibit carcinogenesis in forestomach, esophagus, colon, mammary gland and lung of experimental animals. The exact mechanisms of the cancer-preventive effects are not clear, although several hypotheses have been proposed. Organosulfur compounds modulate the activity of several metabolizing enzymes that activate (cytochrome P450s) or detoxify (glutathione S-transferases) carcinogens and inhibit the formation of DNA adducts in several target tissues. Antiproliferative activity has been described in several tumor cell lines, which is possibly mediated by induction of apoptosis and alterations of the cell cycle. Organosulfur compounds in garlic are thus possible cancer-preventive agents. Clinical trials will be required to define the effective dose that has no toxicity in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S H Omar
- College of Pharmacy, Al-Qassim University, P.O. Box 31922, Buraidah 51418, Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
S-propargyl-cysteine protects both adult rat hearts and neonatal cardiomyocytes from ischemia/hypoxia injury: the contribution of the hydrogen sulfide-mediated pathway. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2009; 54:139-46. [PMID: 19546814 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e3181ac8e12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we determined the cardioprotective effects of S-propargyl-cysteine (SPRC), a structural analog of S-allylcysteine (SAC), using in vivo models of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and in vitro hypoxic cardiomyocytes models. MI was created in rats by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. Plasma enzymes levels and cystathionine-gamma-lyase (CSE) activities were determined. Primary cultures of newborn rats' cardiomyocytes were injured by hypoxia for 6 h. Cell viabilities were measured with the thiazolyl blue assay. RT-PCR and western blot analysis revealed the expression of CSE in both models. The protective effects of SPRC were associated with an observed reduction in infarct size (20.8 +/- 2.4% vs. 36.0 +/- 1.3%), decreased plasma enzymes levels and reduced malondialdehyde levels when compared to the MI vehicle group (P < 0.05); cardiac function was also improved. SPRC increased CSE activity and plasma H2S concentration by 1.6-fold and 1.3-fold, respectively, in MI rats. Decreased cell viability (64.5 +/- 5.4%) in hypoxic cardiomyocytes could be rescued with use of SPRC (81.0 +/- 3.1%). Similarly, mRNA and protein expression of CSE were upregulated in the SPRC group. Treatment with the CSE inhibitor propargylglycine abolished the protective effects of SPRC. Our study provides novel evidence that SPRC is protective in myocardial infarctions via a H2S-related pathway.
Collapse
|
45
|
Magendiramani V, Umesalma S, Kalayarasan S, Nagendraprabhu P, Arunkumar J, Sudhandiran G. S-allylcysteine attenuates renal injury by altering the expressions of iNOS and matrix metallo proteinase-2 during cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats. J Appl Toxicol 2009; 29:522-30. [PMID: 19391111 DOI: 10.1002/jat.1437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cyclosporine A (CsA) is the first choice immunosuppressant used for the prevention of allograft rejection in solid organ transplantation and immune-mediated diseases. Reactive oxygen species-induced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation are implicated in the pathophysiology of CsA-induced renal injury. In this work, we have studied the effect of a garlic-derived compound, S-allylcysteine (SAC) on CsA-induced nephrotoxicity. CsA-induced nephrotoxicity was assessed in terms of increased activities of serum marker enzymes and levels of kidney markers. CsA administration induced significant elevation in lipid peroxidation along with abnormal levels of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants in the kidneys of the rats. SAC administration improved renal function by bringing about a significant decrease in peroxidative levels and increase in antioxidant status. Elevated expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) due to CsA administration were reduced by SAC treatment. An increase in the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) was evident in CsA-induced groups of rats, which was moderately reduced in SAC treated rats. An increase in the levels of serum constituent's urea, uric acid and creatinine was observed in the CsA-induced rats, which was reduced upon treatment with SAC. These results indicate that SAC has a protective action against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity which is also supported by histopathological studies. A comparative study of the antioxidant vitamin C and SAC is more valuable to assess the efficacy of the drug that can be used for the treatment of nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
|
46
|
Corbi PP, Andrade FC, Massabni AC, Heinrich TA, Souza PPC, Costa-Neto CM. Lithium thiazolidine-4-carboxylate: synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and preliminary in vitro cytotoxic studies in human HeLa cells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2008; 71:929-931. [PMID: 18353709 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2008.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2007] [Revised: 02/01/2008] [Accepted: 02/05/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A new water-soluble lithium salt of thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid was synthesized and characterized by chemical and spectroscopic techniques. Elemental and mass spectrometric (ESI-MS) analyses of the solid compound fit to the composition LiC(4)H(6)NSO(2). (1)H, (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), [(1)H-(15)N] NMR and infrared (IR) analyses permitted to elucidate the structure of the compound. Biological activity was evaluated by cytotoxic analysis using HeLa cells. Determination of cell death was assessed using a tetrazolium salt colorimetric assay, which reflects the cells viability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro P Corbi
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Centro Universitário de Araraquara-UNIARA, Associação São Bento de Ensino, Rua Voluntários da Pátria 1309, CEP 14801-320, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Padmanabhan M, Rajadurai M, Prince PSM. Preventive Effect of S-Allylcysteine on Membrane-Bound Enzymes and Glycoproteins in Normal and Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2008; 103:507-13. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2008.00244.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
48
|
Bhatia K, Ahmad F, Rashid H, Raisuddin S. Protective effect of S-allylcysteine against cyclophosphamide-induced bladder hemorrhagic cystitis in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:3368-74. [PMID: 18786597 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2008] [Revised: 07/05/2008] [Accepted: 08/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
S-Allylcysteine (SAC), an organosulfur compound of aged garlic extract (AGE) regulates the thiol status of the cell and scavenges free radicals. Depletion of thiols along with free radical generation has been implicated in cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced urotoxicity. We studied modulatory effect of SAC on CP-induced urotoxicity in mice focusing on hemorrhagic cystitis (HC). SAC (150 and 300 mg kg(-1)) was administered in CP treated animals (200 mg kg(-1)) and bladder was observed for histological and biochemical changes. CP treatment caused a marked increase in the lumen exudates, edema, vasodilation and HC in lamina propia in the bladder. These changes were accompanied by increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO), and decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) and activities of antioxidant enzymes. SAC not only showed protection in tissue histology but also improved the decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes. SAC treatment also reduced LPO and increased GSH levels. Although SAC treatment did not ensure full recovery, the marked improvement in histology and antioxidants of bladder suggests that it has a significant modulatory effect on CP-induced urotoxicity. Since decrease in antioxidant level is the major cause of CP urotoxicity, the protective effect of SAC deserves its further exploration involving laboratory and clinical investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Bhatia
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Hamdard University, New Delhi 110 062, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Chuah SC, Moore PK, Zhu YZ. S-allylcysteine mediates cardioprotection in an acute myocardial infarction rat model via a hydrogen sulfide-mediated pathway. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007; 293:H2693-701. [PMID: 17766469 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00853.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
S-allylcysteine (SAC) is an organosulfur-containing compound derived from garlic. Studies have shown that garlic is beneficial in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to elucidate if SAC is responsible for this cardioprotection using acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rat models. In addition, we hypothesized that SAC may mediate cardioprotection via a hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S)-related pathway. Rats were pretreated with saline, SAC (50 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)), SAC + propagylglycine (PAG; 50 mg + 10 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) or PAG (10 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) for 7 days before AMI induction and killed 48 h after. Our results showed that SAC significantly lowered mortality (12.5% vs. 33.3%, P < 0.05) and reduced infarct size. SAC + PAG- and PAG-treated rats had larger infarct sizes than controls (60.9 +/- 0.01 and 62.0 +/- 0.03%, respectively, vs. 50.0 +/- 0.03%; P < 0.05). Pretreatment with SAC did not affect BP, but BP was significantly elevated in SAC + PAG and PAG-treated groups (P < 0.05). In addition, plasma H(2)S levels and left ventricular cystathionine-gamma-lyase (CSE) activities were analyzed to investigate the involvement of H(2)S. CSE is the enzyme responsible for H(2)S production in the heart. SAC increased left ventricular CSE activity in AMI rats (2.75 +/- 0.34 vs. 1.23 +/- 0.16 micromol x g protein(-1) x h(-1); P < 0.01). SAC + PAG-treated rats had significantly lower CSE activity compared with the SAC-treated group (1.22 +/- 0.27 vs. 2.75 +/- 0.34 micromol x g protein(-1) x h(-1); P < 0.05). Similarly, SAC-treated rats had higher plasma H(2)S concentration compared with controls and the SAC + PAG-treated group. Protein expression studies revealed that SAC upregulated CSE expression (1.1-fold of control; P < 0.05), whereas SAC + PAG and PAG downregulated its expression (0.88-fold of control in both groups; P < 0.005). In conclusion, our study provides novel evidence that SAC is protective in myocardial infarction via an H(2)S-related pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Chet Chuah
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Effects of garlic and black grape extracts on the activity of adenosine deaminase from cancerous and noncancerous human urinary bladder tissues. Med Chem Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-007-9027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|