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Li L, Ma M, Zuo G, Xiao J, Chen J, He X, Song Z. Effect of manganese amino acid complexes on growth performance, meat quality, breast muscle and bone development in broilers. Br Poult Sci 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38994893 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2346640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
1. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of manganese (Mn) amino acid complexes on growth performance, Mn deposition, meat quality, breast muscle and bone development of broilers.2. A total of 504, one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into seven treatments; control diet (CON; basal diet, no extra Mn addition), manganese diet (MnN as Numine®-Mn; CON + 40, 80, 120 or 160 mg Mn/kg), manganese-S group (MnS; CON + 120 mg Mn/kg as MnSO4·H2O), manganese-A diet (MnA as Mn from hydrolysed feather meal; CON + 40 mg Mn/kg as MnA).3. There were no significant differences for average daily gain (ADG) or feed intake (ADFI) among diets during the feed phases (p > 0.05). The FCR in the starter and over the whole period were quadratically affected by dietary MnN dosage and gave the lowest FCR at 80 mg/kg (p < 0.05). The Mn content of thigh muscle, jejunum, heart, pancreas, liver and tibia increased linearly with MnN addition (p < 0.05).4. For meat quality, MnN significantly increased colour (a*), pH45 min and pH24 h, reduced shear force, drip loss and pressure loss of breast muscle (p < 0.05).5. Moreover, MnN significantly upregulated MYOD expression at d 21 and SOD expression at d 42, decreased MuRF1 and Atrogin-1 mRNA level at d 42 in breast muscle. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the regulating effect of MnN on muscle development significantly enriched signalling pathways such as adhesion, ECM-receptor, MAPK, mTOR and AMPK. Furthermore, dietary MnN significantly affected tibia length and growth plate development (p < 0.05) and promoted growth plate chondrocytes by increasing SOX-9, Runx-2, Mef2c, TGF-β, Ihh, Bcl-2 and Beclin1 and decreasing Bax and Caspase-3 (p < 0.05) expression which affect longitudinal tibial development.6. In conclusion, Mn amino acid complexes could improve growth performance, tissue Mn deposition, breast muscle development, meat quality and bone development.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China
- R&D Department, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan, China
| | - M Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China
- R&D Department, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan, China
| | - G Zuo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China
- R&D Department, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan, China
- Technical R&D Department, Beijing Deyuanshun Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - J Xiao
- Technical R&D Department, Hunan Xiang Jia Husbandry Limited by Share Ltd, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - J Chen
- Technical R&D Department, Hunan Xiang Jia Husbandry Limited by Share Ltd, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - X He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China
- R&D Department, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan, China
| | - Z Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China
- R&D Department, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan, China
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2
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Li J, Li K, Zhang Y, Li X, Wang H. Regulation mechanism of endochondral ossification in Rana zhenhaiensis during metamorphosis based on histomorphology and transcriptome analyses. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 52:101286. [PMID: 38996694 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Endochondral ossification plays a crucial role in the limb development of amphibians. This study explored the ossification sequence in the hindlimb of Rana zhenhaiensis tadpoles and the correlation between thyroid hormones (THs) and endochondral ossification via histomorphology and transcriptional analyses. Our results suggest that ossification of the femur and tibiofibula was initiated during the period of high THs activity (metamorphosis climax). In addition, the results of differentially expressed gene analyses in the hindlimb and tail showed that systemic factors, transcription factors, and locally secreted factors interacted with each other during the metamorphosis climax to regulate the occurrence of endochondral ossification. These results will enrich the morphological data of anurans and provide scientific reference for the evolutionary history of vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Li
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Kaiyue Li
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Hongyuan Wang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
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Vaca-González JJ, Culma JJS, Nova LMH, Garzón-Alvarado DA. Anatomy, molecular structures, and hyaluronic acid - Gelatin injectable hydrogels as a therapeutic alternative for hyaline cartilage recovery: A review. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023. [PMID: 37178328 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage damage caused by trauma or osteoarthritis is a common joint disease that can increase the social and economic burden in society. Due to its avascular characteristics, the poor migration ability of chondrocytes, and a low number of progenitor cells, the self-healing ability of cartilage defects has been significantly limited. Hydrogels have been developed into one of the most suitable biomaterials for the regeneration of cartilage because of its characteristics such as high-water absorption, biodegradation, porosity, and biocompatibility similar to natural extracellular matrix. Therefore, the present review article presents a conceptual framework that summarizes the anatomical, molecular structure and biochemical properties of hyaline cartilage located in long bones: articular cartilage and growth plate. Moreover, the importance of preparation and application of hyaluronic acid - gelatin hydrogels for cartilage tissue engineering are included. Hydrogels possess benefits of stimulating the production of Agc1, Col2α1-IIa, and SOX9, molecules important for the synthesis and composition of the extracellular matrix of cartilage. Accordingly, they are believed to be promising biomaterials of therapeutic alternatives to treat cartilage damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jairo Vaca-González
- Escuela de Pregrado, Dirección Académica, Vicerrectoría de Sede, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede de La Paz, Cesar, Colombia
- Biomimetics Laboratory, Biotechnology Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan José Saiz Culma
- Biomimetics Laboratory, Biotechnology Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Diego Alexander Garzón-Alvarado
- Biomimetics Laboratory, Biotechnology Institute, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Numerical Methods and Modeling Research Group (GNUM), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
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Identification of Transcription Factor Networks during Mouse Hindlimb Development. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010028. [PMID: 36611822 PMCID: PMC9818828 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian hindlimb development involves a variety of cells and the regulation of spatiotemporal molecular events, but regulatory networks of transcription factors contributing to hindlimb morphogenesis are not well understood. Here, we identified transcription factor networks during mouse hindlimb morphology establishment through transcriptome analysis. We used four stages of embryonic hindlimb transcription profiles acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE30138), including E10.5, E11.5, E12.5 and E13.5, to construct a gene network using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), and defined seven stage-associated modules. After filtering 7625 hub genes, we further prioritized 555 transcription factors with AnimalTFDB3.0. Gene ontology enrichment showed that transcription factors of different modules were enriched in muscle tissue development, connective tissue development, embryonic organ development, skeletal system morphogenesis, pattern specification process and urogenital system development separately. Six regulatory networks were constructed with key transcription factors, which contribute to the development of different tissues. Knockdown of four transcription factors from regulatory networks, including Sox9, Twist1, Snai2 and Klf4, showed that the expression of limb-development-related genes was also inhibited, which indicated the crucial role of transcription factor networks in hindlimb development.
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Chondrocyte Hypertrophy in Osteoarthritis: Mechanistic Studies and Models for the Identification of New Therapeutic Strategies. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244034. [PMID: 36552796 PMCID: PMC9777397 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage shows limited self-healing ability owing to its low cellularity and avascularity. Untreated cartilage defects display an increased propensity to degenerate, leading to osteoarthritis (OA). During OA progression, articular chondrocytes are subjected to significant alterations in gene expression and phenotype, including a shift towards a hypertrophic-like state (with the expression of collagen type X, matrix metalloproteinases-13, and alkaline phosphatase) analogous to what eventuates during endochondral ossification. Present OA management strategies focus, however, exclusively on cartilage inflammation and degradation. A better understanding of the hypertrophic chondrocyte phenotype in OA might give new insights into its pathogenesis, suggesting potential disease-modifying therapeutic approaches. Recent developments in the field of cellular/molecular biology and tissue engineering proceeded in the direction of contrasting the onset of this hypertrophic phenotype, but knowledge gaps in the cause-effect of these processes are still present. In this review we will highlight the possible advantages and drawbacks of using this approach as a therapeutic strategy while focusing on the experimental models necessary for a better understanding of the phenomenon. Specifically, we will discuss in brief the cellular signaling pathways associated with the onset of a hypertrophic phenotype in chondrocytes during the progression of OA and will analyze in depth the advantages and disadvantages of various models that have been used to mimic it. Afterwards, we will present the strategies developed and proposed to impede chondrocyte hypertrophy and cartilage matrix mineralization/calcification. Finally, we will examine the future perspectives of OA therapeutic strategies.
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Liu ZM, Shen PC, Lu CC, Chou SH, Tien YC. Suramin enhances chondrogenic properties by regulating the p67 phox/PI3K/AKT/SOX9 signalling pathway. Bone Joint Res 2022; 11:723-738. [PMID: 36222195 PMCID: PMC9582866 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.1110.bjr-2022-0013.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is a promising treatment for articular cartilage degeneration and injury; however, it requires a large number of human hyaline chondrocytes, which often undergo dedifferentiation during in vitro expansion. This study aimed to investigate the effect of suramin on chondrocyte differentiation and its underlying mechanism. Methods Porcine chondrocytes were treated with vehicle or various doses of suramin. The expression of collagen, type II, alpha 1 (COL2A1), aggrecan (ACAN); COL1A1; COL10A1; SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9); nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX); interleukin (IL)-1β; tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα); IL-8; and matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP-13) in chondrocytes at both messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels was determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. In addition, the supplementation of suramin to redifferentiation medium for the culture of expanded chondrocytes in 3D pellets was evaluated. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen production were evaluated by biochemical analyses and immunofluorescence, as well as by immunohistochemistry. The expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NOX activity were assessed by luciferase reporter gene assay, immunofluorescence analysis, and flow cytometry. Mutagenesis analysis, Alcian blue staining, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and western blot assay were used to determine whether p67phox was involved in suramin-enhanced chondrocyte phenotype maintenance. Results Suramin enhanced the COL2A1 and ACAN expression and lowered COL1A1 synthesis. Also, in 3D pellet culture GAG and COL2A1 production was significantly higher in pellets consisting of chondrocytes expanded with suramin compared to controls. Surprisingly, suramin also increased ROS generation, which is largely caused by enhanced NOX (p67phox) activity and membrane translocation. Overexpression of p67phox but not p67phoxAD (deleting amino acid (a.a) 199 to 212) mutant, which does not support ROS production in chondrocytes, significantly enhanced chondrocyte phenotype maintenance, SOX9 expression, and AKT (S473) phosphorylation. Knockdown of p67phox with its specific short hairpin (sh) RNA (shRNA) abolished the suramin-induced effects. Moreover, when these cells were treated with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) inhibitor LY294002 or shRNA of AKT1, p67phox-induced COL2A1 and ACAN expression was significantly inhibited. Conclusion Suramin could redifferentiate dedifferentiated chondrocytes dependent on p67phox activation, which is mediated by the PI3K/AKT/SOX9 signalling pathway. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(10):723–738.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Miao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chih Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chang Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medical School, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsiang Chou
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chun Tien
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan,Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medical School, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Yin-Chun Tien. E-mail:
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7
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Kim P, Park J, Lee DJ, Mizuno S, Shinohara M, Hong CP, Jeong Y, Yun R, Park H, Park S, Yang KM, Lee MJ, Jang SP, Kim HY, Lee SJ, Song SU, Park KS, Tanaka M, Ohshima H, Cho JW, Sugiyama F, Takahashi S, Jung HS, Kim SJ. Mast4 determines the cell fate of MSCs for bone and cartilage development. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3960. [PMID: 35803931 PMCID: PMC9270402 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31697-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) differentiation into different lineages is precisely controlled by signaling pathways. Given that protein kinases play a crucial role in signal transduction, here we show that Microtubule Associated Serine/Threonine Kinase Family Member 4 (Mast4) serves as an important mediator of TGF-β and Wnt signal transduction in regulating chondro-osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Suppression of Mast4 by TGF-β1 led to increased Sox9 stability by blocking Mast4-induced Sox9 serine 494 phosphorylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation, ultimately enhancing chondrogenesis of MSCs. On the other hand, Mast4 protein, which stability was enhanced by Wnt-mediated inhibition of GSK-3β and subsequent Smurf1 recruitment, promoted β-catenin nuclear localization and Runx2 activity, increasing osteogenesis of MSCs. Consistently, Mast4-/- mice demonstrated excessive cartilage synthesis, while exhibiting osteoporotic phenotype. Interestingly, Mast4 depletion in MSCs facilitated cartilage formation and regeneration in vivo. Altogether, our findings uncover essential roles of Mast4 in determining the fate of MSC development into cartilage or bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pyunggang Kim
- GILO Institute, GILO Foundation, Seoul, 06668, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam City, 463-400, Kyunggi-do, Korea
| | - Jinah Park
- GILO Institute, GILO Foundation, Seoul, 06668, Korea
- Amoris Bio Inc, Seoul, 06668, Korea
| | - Dong-Joon Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Seiya Mizuno
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shinohara
- Department of Rehabilitation for the Movement Functions, Research Institute, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, Saitama, 359-8555, Japan
| | | | - Yealeen Jeong
- GILO Institute, GILO Foundation, Seoul, 06668, Korea
| | - Rebecca Yun
- GILO Institute, GILO Foundation, Seoul, 06668, Korea
| | - Hyeyeon Park
- GILO Institute, GILO Foundation, Seoul, 06668, Korea
| | - Sujin Park
- GILO Institute, GILO Foundation, Seoul, 06668, Korea
| | | | - Min-Jung Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | | | - Hyun-Yi Kim
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
- NGeneS Inc., Ansan-si, 15495, Korea
| | - Seung-Jun Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Sun U Song
- Research Institute, SCM Lifescience Inc., Incheon, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kyung-Soon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam City, 463-400, Kyunggi-do, Korea
| | - Mikako Tanaka
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
- Division of Dental Laboratory Technology, Meirin College, Niigata, 950-2086, Japan
| | - Hayato Ohshima
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Jin Won Cho
- Department of Systems Biology and Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Fumihiro Sugiyama
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Han-Sung Jung
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Kim
- GILO Institute, GILO Foundation, Seoul, 06668, Korea.
- Medpacto Inc., Seoul, 06668, Korea.
- TheragenEtex Co., Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
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Tao C, Liu J, Li Z, Lai P, Zhang S, Qu J, Tang Y, Liu A, Zou Z, Bai X, Li J. DNMT1 is a negative regulator of osteogenesis. Biol Open 2022; 11:274589. [PMID: 35238333 PMCID: PMC8905718 DOI: 10.1242/bio.058534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The role and underlying mechanisms of DNA methylation in osteogenesis/chondrogenesis remain poorly understood. We here reveal DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), which is responsible for copying DNA methylation onto the newly synthesized DNA strand after DNA replication, is overexpressed in sponge bone of people and mice with senile osteoporosis and required for suppression of osteoblast (OB) differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteoprogenitors. Depletion of DNMT1 results in demethylation at the promoters of key osteogenic genes such as RORA and Fgfr2, and consequent upregulation of their transcription in vitro. Mechanistically, DNMT1 binds exactly to the promoters of these genes and are responsible for their 5-mc methylation. Conversely, simultaneous depletion of RORA or Fgfr2 blunts the effects of DNMT1 silencing on OB differentiation, suggesting RORA or Fgfr2 may be crucial for modulating osteogenic differentiation downstream of DNMT1. Collectively, these results reveal DNMT1 as a key repressor of OB differentiation and bone formation while providing us a new rationale for specific inhibition of DNMT1 as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat age-related bone loss. Summary: DNMT1 is overexpressed in sponge bone of people and mice with senile osteoporosis and required for suppression of osteoblast (OB) differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteoprogenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affliated hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China
| | - Ziqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Pinglin Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiankun Qu
- Department of Surgery, Tan Cheng County Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276100, China
| | - Yujin Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affliated hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China
| | - Anling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhipeng Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Zhang Y, Wang J, Yu C, Xia K, Yang B, Zhang Y, Ying L, Wang C, Huang X, Chen Q, Shen L, Li F, Liang C. Advances in single-cell sequencing and its application to musculoskeletal system research. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13161. [PMID: 34888976 PMCID: PMC8780907 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, single-cell sequencing (SCS) technologies have continued to advance with improved operating procedures and reduced cost, leading to increasing practical adoption among researchers. These emerging technologies have superior abilities to analyse cell heterogeneity at a single-cell level, which have elevated multi-omics research to a higher level. In some fields of research, application of SCS has enabled many valuable discoveries, and musculoskeletal system offers typical examples. This article reviews some major scientific issues and recent advances in musculoskeletal system. In addition, combined with SCS technologies, the research of cell or tissue heterogeneity in limb development and various musculoskeletal system clinical diseases also provides new possibilities for treatment strategies. Finally, this article discusses the challenges and future development potential of SCS and recommends the direction of future applications of SCS to musculoskeletal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Precision and Department of OrthopedicsResearch Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Jingkai Wang
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Precision and Department of OrthopedicsResearch Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Chao Yu
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Precision and Department of OrthopedicsResearch Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Kaishun Xia
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Precision and Department of OrthopedicsResearch Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Biao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Precision and Department of OrthopedicsResearch Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yuang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Precision and Department of OrthopedicsResearch Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Liwei Ying
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Precision and Department of OrthopedicsResearch Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Chenggui Wang
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Precision and Department of OrthopedicsResearch Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xianpeng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Precision and Department of OrthopedicsResearch Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Qixin Chen
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Precision and Department of OrthopedicsResearch Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell BiologyLife Sciences InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Hangzhou Innovation CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Fangcai Li
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Precision and Department of OrthopedicsResearch Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Chengzhen Liang
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryThe Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Precision and Department of OrthopedicsResearch Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
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10
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Cao H, Wang X, Chen M, Liu Y, Cui X, Liang J, Wang Q, Fan Y, Zhang X. Childhood Cartilage ECM Enhances the Chondrogenesis of Endogenous Cells and Subchondral Bone Repair of the Unidirectional Collagen-dECM Scaffolds in Combination with Microfracture. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:57043-57057. [PMID: 34806361 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the formation of mechanically inferior fibrocartilage, microfracture (MF) still remains the gold standard to repair the articular cartilage defects in clinical settings. To date, although many tissue-engineering scaffolds have been developed to enhance the MF outcome, the clinical outcomes remain inconsistent. Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) is among the most promising scaffold for cartilage repair due to its inheritance of the natural cartilage components. However, the impact of dECM from different developmental stages on cellular chondrogenesis and therapeutic effect remains elusive, as the development of native cartilage involves the distinct temporal dependency of the ECM components and various growth factors. Herein, we hypothesized that the immature cartilage dECM at various developmental stages was inherently different, and would consequently impact the chondrogenic potential BMSCs. In this study, we fabricated three different unidirectional collagen-dECM scaffolds sourced from neonatal, childhood, and adolescent rabbit cartilage tissues, and identified the age-dependent biological variations, including DNA, cartilage-specific proteins, and growth factors; along with the mechanical and degradation differences. Consequently, the different local cellular microenvironments provided by these scaffolds led to the distinctive cell morphology, circularity, proliferation, chondrogenic genes expression, and chondrogenesis of BMSCs in vitro, and the different gross morphology, cartilage-specific protein production, and subchondral bone repair when in combination with microfracture in vivo. Together, this work highlights the immature cartilage dECM at different developmental stages that would result in the diversified effects to BMSCs, and childhood cartilage would be considered the optimal dECM source for the further development of dECM-based tissue engineering scaffolds in articular cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfu Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Xiuyu Wang
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Manyu Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Xiaolin Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Otago, Christchurch, 8011, New Zealand
- Department of Bone and Joint, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, China
| | - Jie Liang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Qiguang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Yujiang Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
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11
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Nguyen HTN, Vu NB. A Simple Method to Produce Engineered Cartilage from Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Poly ε-Caprolactone Scaffolds. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021:181-191. [PMID: 34739719 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2021_669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The damaged articular cartilage has limited self-regeneration capacity because of the absence of blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves. Cartilage transplantation is, hence, a popular method used to treat this disease. However, sources of autograft and allogenic cartilage for transplantation are limited. Therefore, this study aims to suggest a simple method to produce engineered cartilage from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) and poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffolds. METHODS ADSCs were isolated and expanded from fat tissues according to published protocols. PCL-porous scaffolds were produced from PCL with 5 × 5 × 0.6 mm3 with 200-400 μ m pore sizes. ADSCs were seeded on the PCL scaffolds at three different densities (104, 105, 106 cells per scaffold). The adherence of ADSCs on the surface of PCL scaffolds was evaluated based on an immunostaining assay to determine the presence of ADSCs. The cell proliferation on PCL scaffolds was determined by MTT assay. The complexity in ADSCs and PCL scaffolds was induced to cartilage using a chondrogenesis medium. The engineered cartilage was characterized by the accumulation of proteoglycan and aggrecan by Safranin O staining assay. Their structures were evaluated using an H-E staining assay. Finally, these engineered cartilage tissues were transplanted into mice to assess cartilage maturation when compared to natural cartilage. RESULTS The results showed that the engineered cartilage tissues could be successfully produced by cultures of ADSCs on poly ε-caprolactone scaffolds in combination with chondrogenesis medium. The suitable density of ADSCs was 106 cells/per scaffold of 5 × 6 × 0.6 mm3 with pore size from 200 to 400 μ m. CONCLUSION The results showed that an in vitro cartilage tissue was created from ADSCs and PCL scaffold. The cartilage tissue exists in the mice for 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hue Thi-Ngoc Nguyen
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Bich Vu
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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12
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Yang J, Tang Z, Liu Y, Luo Z, Xiao Y, Zhang X. Comparison of chondro-inductivity between collagen and hyaluronic acid hydrogel based on chemical/physical microenvironment. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:1941-1952. [PMID: 34062160 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Achieving chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) successfully is crucial for cartilage regeneration. To date, various hydrogels with different chemical microenvironment have been used to modulate chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs, especially collagen and hyaluronic acid hydrogel. However, the chondro-inductive ability of collagen and hyaluronic acid hydrogel has not been evaluated yet and the different chemical and physical microenvironment of these two hydrogels increase the difficulty of comparison. In this study, three different hydrogels based on collagen and hyaluronic acid (self-assembled collagen hydrogel (Col), self-assembled collagen hydrogel cross-linked with genipin (Cgp), and methacrylated hyaluronic acid hydrogel (HA)) were prepared and their chondro-inductive ability on the encapsulated BMSCs was evaluated. Col and Cgp have the same chemical composition and similar microstructure, but are different from HA, while Cgp and HA hydrogels have the same mechanical strength. It was found that chemical and physical microenvironments of the hydrogels combined to influence cell condensation. Thanks to cell condensation was more likely to occur in collagen hydrogels in the early stage, the cartilage-induced ability was in the order of Col > Cgp > HA. However, the severe shrinkage of Col and Cgp resulted in no enough space for cell proliferation within hydrogels in the later stage. In contrast, relatively stable physical microenvironment of HA helped to maintain continuous production of cartilage-related matrix in the later stage. Overall, these results revealed that the chondro-inductive ability of collagen and hyaluronic acid hydrogel with different chemical and physical microenvironment cannot be evaluated by a particular time period. However, it provided important information for optimization and design of the future hydrogels towards successful repair of articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirong Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China; Research Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute Biomedical and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zizhao Tang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhaocong Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China
| | - Yumei Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China
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13
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Cao Y, Cheng P, Sang S, Xiang C, An Y, Wei X, Shen Z, Zhang Y, Li P. Mesenchymal stem cells loaded on 3D-printed gradient poly(ε-caprolactone)/methacrylated alginate composite scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering. Regen Biomater 2021; 8:rbab019. [PMID: 34211731 PMCID: PMC8240606 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbab019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage has limited self-repair ability due to its avascular, alymphatic and aneural features. The combination of three-dimensional (3D) printing and tissue engineering provides an up-and-coming approach to address this issue. Here, we designed and fabricated a tri-layered (superficial layer (SL), middle layer (ML) and deep layer (DL)) stratified scaffold, inspired by the architecture of collagen fibers in native cartilage tissue. The scaffold was composed of 3D printed depth-dependent gradient poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) impregnated with methacrylated alginate (ALMA), and its morphological analysis and mechanical properties were tested. To prove the feasibility of the composite scaffolds for cartilage regeneration, the viability, proliferation, collagen deposition and chondrogenic differentiation of embedded rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in the scaffolds were assessed by Live/dead assay, CCK-8, DNA content, cell morphology, immunofluorescence and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. BMSCs-loaded gradient PCL/ALMA scaffolds showed excellent cell survival, cell proliferation, cell morphology, collagen II deposition and hopeful chondrogenic differentiation compared with three individual-layer scaffolds. Hence, our study demonstrates the potential use of the gradient PCL/ALMA construct for enhanced cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Cao
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, MicroNano System Research Center, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.,College of Information Science and Engineering, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Shengbo Sang
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, MicroNano System Research Center, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Chuan Xiang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaochun Wei
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Zhizhong Shen
- Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education, MicroNano System Research Center, College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yixia Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Pengcui Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
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14
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Nedunchezian S, Banerjee P, Lee CY, Lee SS, Lin CW, Wu CW, Wu SC, Chang JK, Wang CK. Generating adipose stem cell-laden hyaluronic acid-based scaffolds using 3D bioprinting via the double crosslinked strategy for chondrogenesis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 124:112072. [PMID: 33947564 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bioprinting of most cell-laden hydrogel scaffolds with the required structural integrity, mechanical modulus, cell adhesion, cell compatibility, and chondrogenic differentiation are still significant issues that affect the application of bioinks in cartilage tissue engineering. This study focuses on constructing printable bioinks by combining adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), hyaluronic acid (HA)-based hydrogels and analyzing their ability to induce chondrogenesis using 3D bioprinting technology. First, biotinylated hyaluronic acid was synthesized via an adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) linker with amide bond formation to form HA-biotin (HAB). Both HAB and the as-received streptavidin were mixed to form a partially cross-linked HA-biotin-streptavidin (HBS) hydrogel through noncovalent bonding. After that, the partially cross-linked HBS hydrogel was mixed with sodium alginate and subsequently printed to form the HBSA hydrogel 3D scaffolds using a bioprinter. Finally, the 3D scaffolds of the HBSA (HBS + alginate) hydrogel were submerged into CaCl2 solution to achieve a stable 3D HBSAC (HBSA + Ca2+) hydrogel scaffold through ion transfer crosslinking. The physical-chemical characteristics of the hybrid bioink compositions have been evaluated to determine the desired 3D bioprinting structure. Cytotoxicity and chondrogenic differentiation were also assessed to confirm that the double cross-linked HBSAC hydrogel scaffold was useful for chondrogenic formation. The results showed that partially crosslinking the biotinylated HA-based hydrogel with streptavidin has a significant effect on printability and structural integrity. Morphological analysis of a suitable 3D printed HBSAC hydrogel scaffold showed visible pores with the desired shape and geometry. We have concluded that the HBSAC hydrogel possesses a favorable biocompatibility profile. The HBSAC hydrogel can also secrete significantly higher amounts of chondrogenic marker genes at day 5 and sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAGs) from days 7 to 14 compared to the HA hydrogel, as determined via quantitative real-time PCR assay and Alcian blue staining and the DMMB assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swathi Nedunchezian
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Parikshit Banerjee
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yun Lee
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Ph.D Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Su-Shin Lee
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Orthopedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wei Lin
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wei Wu
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Orthopedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Cheng Wu
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Orthopedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Je-Ken Chang
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Orthopedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Wang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Ph.D Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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15
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Xiong X, Liu L, Xu F, Wu X, Yin Z, Dong Y, Qian P. Feprazone Ameliorates TNF-α-Induced Loss of Aggrecan via Inhibition of the SOX-4/ADAMTS-5 Signaling Pathway. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:7638-7645. [PMID: 33778274 PMCID: PMC7992146 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Background: Arthritis is a cartilage degenerative disease that is mainly induced by the degradation of the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), which is found to be regulated by the expression level of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMT-5), an enzyme degrading Aggrecans in the ECM. Feprazone is a classic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with promising efficacy in arthritis. The present study aims to investigate the protective effect of Feprazone on the degraded Aggrecan in the human chondrocytes induced with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and to clarify the underlying mechanism. Methods: To investigate the effect of Feprazone, the CHON-001 chondrocytes were stimulated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL) in the presence or absence of Feprazone (3, 6 μM) for 24 h. Mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated using the Rhodamine 123 assay. The gene expressions of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and ADAMTS-5 in the treated chondrocytes were detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the protein levels of these targets were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SOX-4 was knocked down by transfecting the siRNA into the chondrocytes. Western blot analysis was utilized to evaluate the expression levels of SOX-4, Aggrecan, and protein kinase C (PKCα). Results: First, the reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and secretion of proinflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-8, and MCP-1) induced by TNF-α were significantly reversed by treatment with Feprazone. Second, the expression of Aggrecan was significantly decreased by stimulation with TNF-α via upregulation of ADAMTS-5 but was dramatically reversed by the introduction of Feprazone. Third, we found that TNF-α elevated the expression of ADAMTS-5 by upregulating SOX-4, which was observed to be related to the activation of PKCα. Lastly, the elevated expression of SOX-4 induced by TNF-α was significantly reversed by Feprazone. Conclusions: Feprazone might ameliorate TNF-α-induced loss of Aggrecan via the inhibition of the SOX-4/ADAMTS-5 signaling pathway.
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16
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Zhen G, Guo Q, Li Y, Wu C, Zhu S, Wang R, Guo XE, Kim BC, Huang J, Hu Y, Dan Y, Wan M, Ha T, An S, Cao X. Mechanical stress determines the configuration of TGFβ activation in articular cartilage. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1706. [PMID: 33731712 PMCID: PMC7969741 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21948-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Our incomplete understanding of osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis has significantly hindered the development of disease-modifying therapy. The functional relationship between subchondral bone (SB) and articular cartilage (AC) is unclear. Here, we found that the changes of SB architecture altered the distribution of mechanical stress on AC. Importantly, the latter is well aligned with the pattern of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) activity in AC, which is essential in the regulation of AC homeostasis. Specifically, TGFβ activity is concentrated in the areas of AC with high mechanical stress. A high level of TGFβ disrupts the cartilage homeostasis and impairs the metabolic activity of chondrocytes. Mechanical stress stimulates talin-centered cytoskeletal reorganization and the consequent increase of cell contractile forces and cell stiffness of chondrocytes, which triggers αV integrin–mediated TGFβ activation. Knockout of αV integrin in chondrocytes reversed the alteration of TGFβ activation and subsequent metabolic abnormalities in AC and attenuated cartilage degeneration in an OA mouse model. Thus, SB structure determines the patterns of mechanical stress and the configuration of TGFβ activation in AC, which subsequently regulates chondrocyte metabolism and AC homeostasis. The functional relationship between subchondral bone and articular cartilage is unclear. Here, the authors show that transforming growth factor-beta propagates the mechanical impact of subchondral bone on articular cartilage through αV integrin–talin mechanical transduction system in chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehua Zhen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qiaoyue Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chuanlong Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shouan Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ruomei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - X Edward Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Byoung Choul Kim
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jessie Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Yizhong Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yang Dan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mei Wan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Taekjip Ha
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven An
- Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.,Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Ye C, Chen J, Qu Y, Liu H, Yan J, Lu Y, Yang Z, Wang F, Li P. Naringin and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells repair articular cartilage defects in rabbit knees through the transforming growth factor-β superfamily signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:59. [PMID: 32952649 PMCID: PMC7485297 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the effect of a combination of naringin and rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on the repair of cartilage defects in rabbit knee joints and to assess possible involvement of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway in this process. After establishing an articular cartilage defect model in rabbit knees, 20 New Zealand rabbits were divided into a sham operation group (Sham), a model group (Mod), a naringin treatment group (Nar), a BMSC group (BMSCs) and a naringin + BMSC group (Nar/BMSCs). At 12 weeks after treatment, the cartilage was evaluated using the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS)'s macroscopic evaluation of cartilage repair scale, the ICRS's visual histological assessment scale, the Modified O'Driscoll grading system, histological staining (hematoxylin and eosin staining, toluidine blue staining and safranin O staining) and immunohistochemical staining (type-II collagen, TGF-β3 and SOX-9 immunostaining). Using the above grading systems to quantify the extent of repair, histological quantification and macro quantification of joint tissue repair showed that the Nar/BMSCs group displayed repair after treatment in comparison to the untreated Mod group. Among the injury model groups (Mod, Nar, BMSCs and Nar/BMSCs), the Nar/BMSCs group displayed the highest degree of morphological repair. The results of histological and immunohistochemical staining of the repaired region of the joint defect indicated that the BMSCs had a satisfactory effect on the repair of the joint structure but had a poor effect on the repair of cartilage quality. The Nar/BMSCs group displayed satisfactory therapeutic effects on both repair of the joint structure and cartilage quality. The expression level of type-II collagen was high in the Nar/BMSCs group. Additionally, staining of TGF-β3 and SOX-9 in the Nar/BMSCs group was the strongest compared with that of any other group in the present study. Naringin and/BMSCs together demonstrated a more efficient repair effect on articular cartilage defects in rabbit knees than the use of either treatment alone in terms of joint structure and cartilage quality. One potential mechanism of naringin action may be through activation and continuous regulation of the TGF-β superfamily signaling pathway, which can promote BMSCs to differentiate into chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ye
- Orthopedics Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Preventative Treatment of Disease Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yi Qu
- Orthopedics Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Hang Liu
- Orthopedics Department, Huguosi Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Junxing Yan
- Orthopedics Department, Tongzhou District Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Beijing 101100, P.R. China
| | - Yingdong Lu
- Pathology Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Yang
- SATCM Key Laboratory of Renowned Physician and Classical Formula, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Fengxian Wang
- Orthopedics Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Pengyang Li
- Orthopedics Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
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18
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Feng Q, Gao H, Wen H, Huang H, Li Q, Liang M, Liu Y, Dong H, Cao X. Engineering the cellular mechanical microenvironment to regulate stem cell chondrogenesis: Insights from a microgel model. Acta Biomater 2020; 113:393-406. [PMID: 32629189 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Biophysical cues (especially mechanical cues) embedded in cellular microenvironments show a critical impact on stem cell fate. Despite the capability of traditional hydrogels to mimic the feature of extracellular matrix (ECM) and tune their physicochemical properties via diverse approaches, their relatively large size not only induces biased results, but also hinders high-throughput screening and analysis. In this paper, a microgel model is proposed to recapitulate the role of 3D mechanical microenvironment on stem cell behaviors especially chondrogenesis in vitro. The small diameter of microgels brings the high surface area to volume ratio and then the enlarged diffusion area and shortened diffusion distance of soluble molecules, leading to uniform distribution of nutrients and negligible biochemical gradient inside microgels. To construct ECM-like microenvironment with tunable mechanical strength, three gelatin/hyaluronic acid hybrid microgels with low, medium and high crosslinking densities, i.e., Gel-HA(L), Gel-HA(M) and Gel-HA(H), are fabricated in microfluidic devices by Michael addition reaction between thiolated gelatin (Gel-SH) and ethylsulfated hyaluronic acid (HA-VS) with different substitution degrees of vinyl sulfone groups. Our results show that mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) proliferation, distribution and chondrogenesis are all closely dependent on mechanical microenvironments in microgels. Noteworthily, BMSCs show a clear trend of differentiating into hyaline cartilage in Gel-HA(L) and fibrocartilage in Gel-HA(M) and Gel-HA(H). Whole transcriptome RNA sequencing reveals that mechanical microenvironment of microgels affects BMSC differentiation via TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway and Integrin/YAP/TAZ signaling pathway. We believe this microgel model provides a new way to further explore the interaction between cells and 3D microenvironment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In recent years, hydrogels have been frequently used to construct 3D microenvironment for cells. However, their relatively large size not only brings biased experimental results, but also limits high-throughput screening and analysis. Herein we propose a gelatin/hyaluronic acid microgel model to explore the effects of 3D cellular mechanical microenvironment (biophysical cues) on BMSC behaviors especially chondrogenesis, which can minimize the interference of biochemical gradients. Our results reveal that BMSC differentiation into either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage can be regulated via tailoring the mechanical properties of microgels. Whole transcriptome RNA sequencing proves that "TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway", "Hippo signaling pathway" and "Integrins/YAP/ TAZ signaling pathway" are activated or inhibited in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Feng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR), Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huichang Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR), Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongji Wen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR), Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hanhao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR), Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qingtao Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR), Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Minhua Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR), Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR), Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hua Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR), Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P R China.
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction (NERC-TRR), Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P R China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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19
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Huang Y, Seitz D, Chevalier Y, Müller PE, Jansson V, Klar RM. Synergistic interaction of hTGF-β 3 with hBMP-6 promotes articular cartilage formation in chitosan scaffolds with hADSCs: implications for regenerative medicine. BMC Biotechnol 2020; 20:48. [PMID: 32854680 PMCID: PMC7457281 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-020-00641-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human TGF-β3 has been used in many studies to induce genes coding for typical cartilage matrix components and accelerate chondrogenic differentiation, making it the standard constituent in most cultivation media used for the assessment of chondrogenesis associated with various stem cell types on carrier matrices. However, in vivo data suggests that TGF-β3 and its other isoforms also induce endochondral and intramembranous osteogenesis in non-primate species to other mammals. Based on previously demonstrated improved articular cartilage induction by a using hTGF-β3 and hBMP-6 together on hADSC cultures and the interaction of TGF- β with matrix in vivo, the present study investigates the interaction of a chitosan scaffold as polyanionic polysaccharide with both growth factors. The study analyzes the difference between chondrogenic differentiation that leads to stable hyaline cartilage and the endochondral ossification route that ends in hypertrophy by extending the usual panel of investigated gene expression and stringent employment of quantitative PCR. Results By assessing the viability, proliferation, matrix formation and gene expression patterns it is shown that hTGF-β3 + hBMP-6 promotes improved hyaline articular cartilage formation in a chitosan scaffold in which ACAN with Col2A1 and not Col1A1 nor Col10A1 where highly expressed both at a transcriptional and translational level. Inversely, hTGF-β3 alone tended towards endochondral bone formation showing according protein and gene expression patterns. Conclusion These findings demonstrate that clinical therapies should consider using hTGF-β3 + hBMP-6 in articular cartilage regeneration therapies as the synergistic interaction of these morphogens seems to ensure and maintain proper hyaline articular cartilage matrix formation counteracting degeneration to fibrous tissue or ossification. These effects are produced by interaction of the growth factors with the polysaccharide matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijiang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Seitz
- BioMed Center Innovation gGmbh, 95448, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Yan Chevalier
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter E Müller
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Volkmar Jansson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland M Klar
- Department of Orthopaedics, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospital of Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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20
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Laguette MJN, Barrow K, Firfirey F, Dlamini S, Saunders CJ, Dandara C, Gamieldien J, Collins M, September AV. Exploring new genetic variants within COL5A1 intron 4-exon 5 region and TGF-β family with risk of anterior cruciate ligament ruptures. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:1856-1865. [PMID: 31922278 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Variants within genes encoding structural and regulatory elements of ligaments have been associated with musculoskeletal soft tissue injury risk. The role of intron 4-exon 5 variants within the α1 chain of type V collagen (COL5A1) gene and genes of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family, TGFBR3 and TGFBI, was investigated on the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures. A case-control genetic association study was performed on 210 control (CON) and 249 participants with surgically diagnosed ruptures (ACL), of which 147 reported a noncontact mechanism of injury (NON). Whole-exome sequencing data were used to prioritize variants of potential functional relevance. Genotyping for COL5A1 (rs3922912 G>A, rs4841926 C>T, and rs3124299 C>T), TGFBR3 (rs1805113 G>A and rs1805117 T>C), and TGFBI (rs1442 G>C) was performed using Taqman SNP genotyping assays. Significant overrepresentation of the G allele of TGFBR3 rs1805113 was observed in CON vs ACL (P = .014) and NON groups (P = .021). Similar results were obtained in a female with the G allele (CON vs ACL: P = .029; CON vs NON: P = .016). The TGFBI rs1442 CC genotype was overrepresented in the female ACL vs CON (P = .013). Associations of inferred allele combinations were observed in line with the above results. COL5A1 intron 4-exon 5 genomic interval was not associated with the risk of ACL ruptures. Instead, this novel study is the first to use this approach to identify variants within the TGF-β signaling pathway to be implicated in the risk of ACL ruptures. A genetic susceptibility interval was identified to be explored in the context of extracellular matrix remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Jessica N Laguette
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS) Collaborative Centre of Sports Medicine, ESSM, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Research Centre for Health Through Physical Activity and Sport, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kelly Barrow
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Firzana Firfirey
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS) Collaborative Centre of Sports Medicine, ESSM, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Research Centre for Health Through Physical Activity and Sport, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Senanile Dlamini
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS) Collaborative Centre of Sports Medicine, ESSM, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Research Centre for Health Through Physical Activity and Sport, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Colleen J Saunders
- South African National Bioinformatics Institute/MRC Unit for Bioinformatics Capacity, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, Bellville, South Africa.,Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Collet Dandara
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Junaid Gamieldien
- South African National Bioinformatics Institute/MRC Unit for Bioinformatics Capacity, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Malcolm Collins
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS) Collaborative Centre of Sports Medicine, ESSM, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Research Centre for Health Through Physical Activity and Sport, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alison V September
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine (ESSM), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS) Collaborative Centre of Sports Medicine, ESSM, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Research Centre for Health Through Physical Activity and Sport, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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21
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Hou W, Zhang D, Feng X, Zhou Y. Low magnitude high frequency vibration promotes chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells with involvement of β-catenin signaling pathway. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 118:104860. [PMID: 32791354 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are well known to have the capability to form bone and cartilage, and chondrogenesis derived from MSCs is reported to be affected by mechanical stimuli. This research aimed to study the effects of low magnitude high frequency (LMHF) vibration on the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) which were cultured with chondrogenic medium, and to investigate the role of β-catenin cascade in this process. METHODS Rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) were isolated and randomized into vibration and static cultures. The effect of vibration on BMSCs proliferation, differentiation and chondrogenic potential was assessed at the protein level. RESULTS LMHFV did not affect the proliferation of BMSCs. However, this was accompanied by increased markers of chondrogenesis. The protein expression of chondrocyte-specific markers of Aggrecan, Sox9, and BMP7 were upregulated and Collagen X was decreased by LMHF vibration introduced at the chondrogenic differentiation in vitro. Specifically, thicker blue-stained particles were observed in Alcian Blue staining and the level of glycosaminoglycan were significantly increased respectively in the vibration culture group by 56.5 % and 93.6 % on the 7th and 14th day. The expression and nuclear translocation of β-catenin were activated in a significant manner. And inhibition of GSK-3β activity with Licl rearranged and intensified the cytoskeleton affected by vibration stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that LMHF mechanical vibration promotes BMSCs chondrogenic differentiation and implies β-catenin signal acts as an essential mediator in the mechano-biochemical transduction and subsequent transcriptional regulation in the process of chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Hou
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Denghui Zhang
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Feng
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Yi Zhou
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
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22
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Yang J, Xiao Y, Tang Z, Luo Z, Li D, Wang Q, Zhang X. The negatively charged microenvironment of collagen hydrogels regulates the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:4680-4693. [PMID: 32391834 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00172d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into functional chondrocytes is crucial for successful cartilage tissue engineering. Since the extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment can regulate the behaviours of BMSCs and guide their differentiation, it is important to simulate the natural cartilage ECM to induce the chondrogenesis of BMSCs. As the most abundant protein in the ECM, collagen hydrogels were found to provide a structural and chemical microenvironment for natural cartilage, and regulate the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. However, as the negatively charged ECM microenvironment is crucial for chondrogenesis and homeostasis within cells in cartilage tissue, the electrical properties of collagen hydrogels need to be further optimized. In this study, three collagen hydrogels with different electrical properties were fabricated using methacrylic anhydride (MA) and succinic anhydride (SA) modification. The collagen hydrogels had a similar composition, storage modulus and integral triple helix structure of collagen, but their different negatively charged microenvironments significantly impacted the hydrophilicity, protein diffusion and binding, and consequently influenced BMSC adhesion and spreading on the surface of the hydrogels. Moreover, the BMSCs encapsulated in the collagen hydrogels also demonstrated improved sGAG secretion and chondrogenic and integrin gene expression with the increased negative charge in vitro. Similar results were also observed in subcutaneous implantation in vivo, where higher secretions of sGAG, SOX9 and collagen type II proteins were found in the collagen hydrogels with higher negative charge. Together, our results demonstrated that more negative charges introduced into the collagen hydrogel microenvironment would enhance the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro and in vivo. This revealed that the electrical properties are an important consideration in designing future collagen hydrogels for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirong Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China.
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23
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Generation of a Quantitative Luciferase Reporter for Sox9 SUMOylation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041274. [PMID: 32070068 PMCID: PMC7072981 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sox9 is a master transcription factor for chondrogenesis, which is essential for chondrocyte proliferation, differentiation, and maintenance. Sox9 activity is regulated by multiple layers, including post-translational modifications, such as SUMOylation. A detection method for visualizing the SUMOylation in live cells is required to fully understand the role of Sox9 SUMOylation. In this study, we generated a quantitative reporter for Sox9 SUMOylation that is based on the NanoBiT system. The simultaneous expression of Sox9 and SUMO1 constructs that are conjugated with NanoBiT fragments in HEK293T cells induced luciferase activity in SUMOylation target residue of Sox9-dependent manner. Furthermore, the reporter signal could be detected from both cell lysates and live cells. The signal level of our reporter responded to the co-expression of SUMOylation or deSUMOylation enzymes by several fold, showing dynamic potency of the reporter. The reporter was active in multiple cell types, including ATDC5 cells, which have chondrogenic potential. Finally, using this reporter, we revealed a extracellular signal conditions that can increase the amount of SUMOylated Sox9. In summary, we generated a novel reporter that was capable of quantitatively visualizing the Sox9-SUMOylation level in live cells. This reporter will be useful for understanding the dynamism of Sox9 regulation during chondrogenesis.
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24
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Mellor LF, Nordberg RC, Huebner P, Mohiti-Asli M, Taylor MA, Efird W, Oxford JT, Spang JT, Shirwaiker RA, Loboa EG. Investigation of multiphasic 3D-bioplotted scaffolds for site-specific chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells for osteochondral tissue engineering applications. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:2017-2030. [PMID: 31880408 PMCID: PMC7217039 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that limits mobility of the affected joint due to the degradation of articular cartilage and subchondral bone. The limited regenerative capacity of cartilage presents significant challenges when attempting to repair or reverse the effects of cartilage degradation. Tissue engineered medical products are a promising alternative to treat osteochondral degeneration due to their potential to integrate into the patient's existing tissue. The goal of this study was to create a scaffold that would induce site-specific osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC) to generate a full osteochondral implant. Scaffolds were fabricated using 3D-bioplotting of biodegradable polycraprolactone (PCL) with either β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) or decellularized bovine cartilage extracellular matrix (dECM) to drive site-specific hASC osteogenesis and chondrogenesis, respectively. PCL-dECM scaffolds demonstrated elevated matrix deposition and organization in scaffolds seeded with hASC as well as a reduction in collagen I gene expression. 3D-bioplotted PCL scaffolds with 20% TCP demonstrated elevated calcium deposition, endogenous alkaline phosphatase activity, and osteopontin gene expression. Osteochondral scaffolds comprised of hASC-seeded 3D-bioplotted PCL-TCP, electrospun PCL, and 3D-bioplotted PCL-dECM phases were evaluated and demonstrated site-specific osteochondral tissue characteristics. This technique holds great promise as cartilage morbidity is minimized since autologous cartilage harvest is not required, tissue rejection is minimized via use of an abundant and accessible source of autologous stem cells, and biofabrication techniques allow for a precise, customizable methodology to rapidly produce the scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana F Mellor
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Rachel C Nordberg
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Pedro Huebner
- Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Mahsa Mohiti-Asli
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Michael A Taylor
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - William Efird
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Julia T Oxford
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho
| | - Jeffrey T Spang
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Rohan A Shirwaiker
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Elizabeth G Loboa
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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25
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Ju Y, Ren X, Zhao S. Distal C-terminus of Ca v 1.2 is indispensable for the chondrogenic differentiation of rat dental pulp stem cells. Cell Biol Int 2019; 44:512-523. [PMID: 31631478 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The α1 subunit (Cav1.2) of the L-type calcium channel (LTCC), which is presently existing in both excitatory cells and non-excitatory cells, is involved in the differentiation and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), MSCs derived from dental pulp, exhibit multipotent characteristics similar to those of MSCs. The aim of the present study was to examine the contribution of Cav1.2 and its distal C-terminus (DCT) to the commitment of rat DPSCs (rDPSCs) toward chondrocytes and adipocytes in vitro. The expression of Cav1.2 was obviously elevated in chondrogenic differentiation but did not differ significantly in adipogenic differentiation. The chondrogenic differentiation but not adipogenic of rDPSCs was inhibited by either blocking LTCC using nimodipine or knockdown of Cav1.2 via short hairpin RNA (shRNA). Overexpression of DCT rescued the inhibition by Cav1.2-shRNA during chondrogenic differentiation, indicating that DCT is essential for the chondrogenic differentiation of rDPSCs. However, the protein level of DCT decreased after chondrogenic differentiation in wild-type cells, and overexpression of DCT in rDPSCs inhibited the phenotype. These data suggest that DCT is indispensable for chondrogenic differentiation of rDPSCs but that superfluous DCT inhibits this process. Through the analysis of differentially expressed genes using RNA-seq data, we speculated that the regulation of DCT might be mediated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular-regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathways, or Chondromodulin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Ju
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Xudong Ren
- Department of Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
| | - Shouliang Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, P.R. China
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26
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Induction of Articular Chondrogenesis by Chitosan/Hyaluronic-Acid-Based Biomimetic Matrices Using Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184487. [PMID: 31514329 PMCID: PMC6770472 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage repair using tissue engineering is the most advanced clinical application in regenerative medicine, yet available solutions remain unsuccessful in reconstructing native cartilage in its proprietary form and function. Previous investigations have suggested that the combination of specific bioactive elements combined with a natural polymer could generate carrier matrices that enhance activities of seeded stem cells and possibly induce the desired matrix formation. The present study sought to clarify this by assessing whether a chitosan-hyaluronic-acid-based biomimetic matrix in conjunction with adipose-derived stem cells could support articular hyaline cartilage formation in relation to a standard chitosan-based construct. By assessing cellular development, matrix formation, and key gene/protein expressions during in vitro cultivation utilizing quantitative gene and immunofluorescent assays, results showed that chitosan with hyaluronic acid provides a suitable environment that supports stem cell differentiation towards cartilage matrix producing chondrocytes. However, on the molecular gene expression level, it has become apparent that, without combinations of morphogens, in the chondrogenic medium, hyaluronic acid with chitosan has a very limited capacity to stimulate and maintain stem cells in an articular chondrogenic state, suggesting that cocktails of various growth factors are one of the key features to regenerate articular cartilage, clinically.
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27
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Li YY, Lam KL, Chen AD, Zhang W, Chan BP. Collagen microencapsulation recapitulates mesenchymal condensation and potentiates chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells – A matrix-driven in vitro model of early skeletogenesis. Biomaterials 2019; 213:119210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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28
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Eyal S, Kult S, Rubin S, Krief S, Felsenthal N, Pineault KM, Leshkowitz D, Salame TM, Addadi Y, Wellik DM, Zelzer E. Bone morphology is regulated modularly by global and regional genetic programs. Development 2019; 146:dev.167882. [PMID: 31221640 DOI: 10.1242/dev.167882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Bone protrusions provide stable anchoring sites for ligaments and tendons and define the unique morphology of each long bone. Despite their importance, the mechanism by which superstructures are patterned is unknown. Here, we identify components of the genetic program that control the patterning of Sox9 +/Scx + superstructure progenitors in mouse and show that this program includes both global and regional regulatory modules. Using light-sheet fluorescence microscopy combined with genetic lineage labeling, we mapped the broad contribution of the Sox9 +/Scx + progenitors to the formation of bone superstructures. Then, by combining literature-based evidence, comparative transcriptomic analysis and genetic mouse models, we identified Gli3 as a global regulator of superstructure patterning, whereas Pbx1, Pbx2, Hoxa11 and Hoxd11 act as proximal and distal regulators, respectively. Moreover, by demonstrating a dose-dependent pattern regulation in Gli3 and Pbx1 compound mutations, we show that the global and regional regulatory modules work in a coordinated manner. Collectively, our results provide strong evidence for genetic regulation of superstructure patterning, which further supports the notion that long bone development is a modular process.This article has an associated 'The people behind the papers' interview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shai Eyal
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Molecular Genetics, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Shiri Kult
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Molecular Genetics, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Sarah Rubin
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Molecular Genetics, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Sharon Krief
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Molecular Genetics, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Neta Felsenthal
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Molecular Genetics, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Kyriel M Pineault
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Cell & Regenerative Biology, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Dena Leshkowitz
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Tomer-Meir Salame
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yoseph Addadi
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Deneen M Wellik
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Cell & Regenerative Biology, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Elazar Zelzer
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Molecular Genetics, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Albooshoke SN, Bakhtiarizadeh MR. Divergent gene expression through PI3K/akt signalling pathway cause different models of hypertrophy growth in chicken. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2019.1634498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. N. Albooshoke
- Department of Animal Science, Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources, Research and Education Center, AREEO, Ahwaz, Iran
| | - M. R. Bakhtiarizadeh
- Department of Animal Science, College of Aburaihan, Iran University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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30
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Yang J, Li Y, Liu Y, Li D, Zhang L, Wang Q, Xiao Y, Zhang X. Influence of hydrogel network microstructures on mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Acta Biomater 2019; 91:159-172. [PMID: 31055122 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels, which provide three-dimensional (3D) niches for encapsulating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), are becoming a promising tissue engineering solution for chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. However, it remains a challenge to design a hydrogel material for effective chondrogenesis of BMSCs because of the complexity of cartilage ECM and cell-matrix interactions. Thus far, various studies have shown the physical-chemical cues of hydrogel materials to impact BMSCs chondrogenesis, but the design of the 3D network microstructure of the hydrogel to induce BMSCs chondrogenesis is still far from optimized. In this study, we successfully prepared two types of collagen hydrogels, namely, the fibrous network and porous network, with the same chemical composition and similar mechanical strength but with two distinct network microstructures. The two different network microstructures significantly influenced mass transfer, protein adsorption, degradability, and contraction of the collagen hydrogels. Moreover, the cells presented distinct proliferation and morphology in the two hydrogels, which consequently modulated chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs derived from rat. Collagen hydrogels with a fibrous network promoted more chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs without additional growth factors in vitro and subcutaneous implantation in vivo than those with a porous network. Moreover, fibrous network resulted in less ECM calcification than porous network. However, the fibrous network could not prevent hypertrophy of the chondrogenic cells induced by BMSCs. Overall, these results revealed that the 3D network microstructure of a hydrogel was a key design parameter for the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Hydrogels had been used to induce the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in cartilage tissue engineering, but the key design parameters remain unoptimized. This was mainly due to the different material properties including composition, strength, and microstructure, which would interplay with each other and result in difficulties to investigate the effects for one factor. In this study, we fabricated two collagen hydrogels with the same chemical composition and mechanical strength, but two distinct network microstructures. The effects of the two network microstructures on the chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs were investigated by in vitro and in vivo assays. The results highlight the effects of network microstructures and provide important information about optimizing the design of future hydrogels in cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirong Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanqi Li
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Yanbo Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiguang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yumei Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 61004, Sichuan, China
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31
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Gupta P, Hall GN, Geris L, Luyten FP, Papantoniou I. Human Platelet Lysate Improves Bone Forming Potential of Human Progenitor Cells Expanded in Microcarrier-Based Dynamic Culture. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:810-821. [PMID: 31038850 PMCID: PMC6646698 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Xenogeneic‐free media are required for translating advanced therapeutic medicinal products to the clinics. In addition, process efficiency is crucial for ensuring cost efficiency, especially when considering large‐scale production of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Human platelet lysate (HPL) has been increasingly adopted as an alternative for fetal bovine serum (FBS) for MSCs. However, its therapeutic and regenerative potential in vivo is largely unexplored. Herein, we compare the effects of FBS and HPL supplementation for a scalable, microcarrier‐based dynamic expansion of human periosteum‐derived cells (hPDCs) while assessing their bone forming capacity by subcutaneous implantation in small animal model. We observed that HPL resulted in faster cell proliferation with a total fold increase of 5.2 ± 0.61 in comparison to 2.7 ± 02.22‐fold in FBS. Cell viability and trilineage differentiation capability were maintained by HPL, although a suppression of adipogenic differentiation potential was observed. Differences in mRNA expression profiles were also observed between the two on several markers. When implanted, we observed a significant difference between the bone forming capacity of cells expanded in FBS and HPL, with HPL supplementation resulting in almost three times more mineralized tissue within calcium phosphate scaffolds. FBS‐expanded cells resulted in a fibrous tissue structure, whereas HPL resulted in mineralized tissue formation, which can be classified as newly formed bone, verified by μCT and histological analysis. We also observed the presence of blood vessels in our explants. In conclusion, we suggest that replacing FBS with HPL in bioreactor‐based expansion of hPDCs is an optimal solution that increases expansion efficiency along with promoting bone forming capacity of these cells. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:810&821
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gupta
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gabriella Nilsson Hall
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Geris
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Biomechanics Research Unit, GIGA-R In Silico Medicine, Université de Liege, Liège, Belgium.,Biomechanics Section, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank P Luyten
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ioannis Papantoniou
- Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Asmussen N, Lin Z, McClure MJ, Schwartz Z, Boyan BD. Regulation of extracellular matrix vesicles via rapid responses to steroid hormones during endochondral bone formation. Steroids 2019; 142:43-47. [PMID: 29233620 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Endochondral bone formation is a precise and highly ordered process whose exact regulatory framework is still being elucidated. Multiple regulatory pathways are known to be involved. In some cases, regulation impacts gene expression, resulting in changes in chondrocyte phenotypic expression and extracellular matrix synthesis. Rapid regulatory mechanisms are also involved, resulting in release of enzymes, factors and micro RNAs stored in extracellular matrisomes called matrix vesicles. Vitamin D metabolites modulate endochondral development via both genomic and rapid membrane-associated signaling pathways. 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1α,25(OH)2D3] acts through the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and a membrane associated receptor, protein disulfide isomerase A3 (PDIA3). 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24R,25(OH)2D3] affects primarily chondrocytes in the resting zone (RC) of the growth plate, whereas 1α,25(OH)2D3 affects cells in the prehypertrophic and upper hypertrophic cell zones (GC). This includes genomically directing the cells to produce matrix vesicles with zone specific characteristics. In addition, vitamin D metabolites produced by the cells interact directly with the matrix vesicle membrane via rapid signal transduction pathways, modulating their activity in the matrix. The matrix vesicle payload is able to rapidly impact the extracellular matrix via matrix processing enzymes as well as providing a feedback mechanism to the cells themselves via the contained micro RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Asmussen
- School of Integrative Life Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Zhao Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Michael J McClure
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Zvi Schwartz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; Department of Periodontics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Barbara D Boyan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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Sarem M, Otto O, Tanaka S, Shastri VP. Cell number in mesenchymal stem cell aggregates dictates cell stiffness and chondrogenesis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:10. [PMID: 30630531 PMCID: PMC6329065 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) chondrogenic differentiation has been thoroughly investigated, the rudiments for enhancing chondrogenesis have remained largely dependent on external cues. Focus to date has been on extrinsic variables such as soluble signals, culture conditions (bioreactors), and mechanical stimulation. However, the role of intrinsic mechanisms of MSC programming-based mechanobiology remains to be explored. Since aggregation of MSCs, a prerequisite for chondrogenesis, generates tension within the cell agglomerate, we inquired if the initial number of cells forming the aggregate (aggregate cell number (ACN)) can impact chondrogenesis. Methods Aggregates of varying ACN were formed using well-established centrifugation approach. Progression of chondrogenic differentiation in the aggregates was assessed over 3 weeks in presence and absence of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1). Mechanical properties of the cells were characterized using high-throughput real-time deformability cytometry (RT-DC), and gene expression was analyzed using Affymetrix gene array. Expression of molecular markers linked to chondrogenesis was assessed using western blot and immunofluorescence. Results Reducing ACN from 500 k to 70 k lead to activation and acceleration of the chondrogenic differentiation, independent of soluble chondro-inductive factors, which involves changes to β-catenin-dependent TCF/LEF transcriptional activity and expression of anti-apoptotic protein survivin. RT-DC analysis revealed that stiffness and size of cells within aggregates are modulated by ACN. A direct correlation between progression of chondrogenesis and emergence of stiffer cell phenotype was found. Affymetrix gene array analysis revealed a downregulation of genes associated with lipid synthesis and regulation, which could account for observed changes in cell stiffness. Immunofluorescence and western blot analysis revealed that increasing ACN upregulates the expression of lipid raft protein caveolin-1, a β-catenin binding partner, and downregulates the expression of N-cadherin. As a demonstration of the relevance of these findings in MSC-based strategies for skeletal repair, it is shown that implanting aggregates within collagenous matrix not only decreases the necessity for high cell numbers but also leads to marked improvement in the quality of the deposited tissue. Conclusions This study presents a simple and donor-independent strategy to enhance the efficiency of MSC chondrogenic differentiation and identifies changes in cell mechanics coincident with MSC chondrogenesis with potential translational applications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-1103-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Sarem
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier Str.31, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Helmholtz Virtual Institute on Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine, Kantstr. 55, 14513, Teltow, Germany
| | - Oliver Otto
- Centre for Innovation Competence - Humoral Immune Response in Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42-44, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Simon Tanaka
- Computational Biology Group, D-BSSE, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - V Prasad Shastri
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier Str.31, 79104, Freiburg, Germany. .,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany. .,Helmholtz Virtual Institute on Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine, Kantstr. 55, 14513, Teltow, Germany.
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34
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Jiang X, Liu J, Liu Q, Lu Z, Zheng L, Zhao J, Zhang X. Therapy for cartilage defects: functional ectopic cartilage constructed by cartilage-simulating collagen, chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid (CCH) hybrid hydrogel with allogeneic chondrocytes. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:1616-1626. [PMID: 29737330 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00354h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To regenerate functional cartilage-mimicking ectopic cartilage as a source for the restoration of cartilage defects, we used a previously synthesized three-phase collagen, chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid (CCH) hydrogel for the encapsulation of allogeneic chondrocytes with a diffusion chamber system that was buried subcutaneously in the host for 4 weeks and then implanted into a cartilage defect. METHODS The CCH hydrogel was prepared and seeded with allogeneic chondrocytes from new-born rabbits, prior to being enveloped in a diffusion chamber that prevents cell ingrowth and vascular invasion of the host, as described previously. A collagen hydrogel (C) was used as the control. The diffusion chamber was embedded subcutaneously in an adult rabbit. 4 weeks later, the regenerated tissue was harvested from the diffusion chamber and then further used for cartilage repair in the same host. To evaluate the regenerated tissue, cell viability assay using calcein-acetoxymethyl (calcein-AM)/propidium iodide (PI) staining, biochemical analysis by examination of total DNA and GAG content, gene expression detection using RT-PCR for Col 1a1, Col 2a1, Acan, and Sox9, biomechanical detection and histological evaluation were implemented. RESULTS Analysis of the cell activity and biochemical evaluation in vitro showed that cell proliferation, GAG secretion and gene/protein expression of cartilage specific markers were much higher in the CCH group than those in the C group. The CCH constructed ectopic cartilage tissue in vivo showed the typical characteristics of hyaline cartilage with higher expression of cartilage matrix markers compared with the C groups, as evidenced by morphological and histological findings as well as RT-PCR analysis. Furthermore, ectopic cartilage from CCH successfully facilitated the cartilage restoration, with higher morphological and histological scores and greater mechanical strength than that from C. CONCLUSION The three-phase CCH hydrogel, which is closer to natural cartilage matrix and is stiffer than collagen, may replace collagen as the "gold standard" for cartilage tissue engineering. This study may provide a new insight for cartilage repair using ectopic cartilage reconstructed from functional materials and allogeneic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfang Jiang
- The College of Stomatology of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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35
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Su P, Tian Y, Yang C, Ma X, Wang X, Pei J, Qian A. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration during Bone Formation and Bone Diseases Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082343. [PMID: 30096908 PMCID: PMC6121650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During bone modeling, remodeling, and bone fracture repair, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into chondrocyte or osteoblast to comply bone formation and regeneration. As multipotent stem cells, MSCs were used to treat bone diseases during the past several decades. However, most of these implications just focused on promoting MSC differentiation. Furthermore, cell migration is also a key issue for bone formation and bone diseases treatment. Abnormal MSC migration could cause different kinds of bone diseases, including osteoporosis. Additionally, for bone disease treatment, the migration of endogenous or exogenous MSCs to bone injury sites is required. Recently, researchers have paid more and more attention to two critical points. One is how to apply MSC migration to bone disease therapy. The other is how to enhance MSC migration to improve the therapeutic efficacy of bone diseases. Some considerable outcomes showed that enhancing MSC migration might be a novel trick for reversing bone loss and other bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, fracture, and osteoarthritis (OA). Although plenty of challenges need to be conquered, application of endogenous and exogenous MSC migration and developing different strategies to improve therapeutic efficacy through enhancing MSC migration to target tissue might be the trend in the future for bone disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Su
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Chaofei Yang
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Xue Wang
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Jiawei Pei
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Airong Qian
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
- NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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Guéro S. Developmental biology of the upper limb. HAND SURGERY & REHABILITATION 2018; 37:265-274. [PMID: 30041930 DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This article aims to provide hand surgeons with current knowledge on the developmental biology of the upper limb. It will review positioning, limb bud emergence and formation of the apical ectodermal ridge. The development of the limb bud is analyzed in its three axes: proximal-distal, anteroposterior and dorsoventral. The signaling center and primary morphogens that initiate and stimulate the development of each axis will be described. For the proximal-distal axis, the apical ectodermal ridge stimulates the production of FGFs in the underlying distal mesoderm. The anteroposterior (or radio-ulnar) differentiation is a function of the zone of polarizing activity via the small Sonic hedgehog protein, which diffuses in a decreasing concentration gradient from the ulnar to the radial side of the bud. This gradient is essential to digit identity and numbers. For the dorsoventral differentiation, the signaling center is the dorsal ectoderm, which secretes WNT7A. Limb segmentation is described in three parts (arm, forearm and hand) along with the formation of the digital rays until finger separation. An example of congenital anomalies is provided for each step. To keep the length of this lecture within reason, the embryogenesis of nerves, blood vessels, muscles and tendons will not be discussed. On the other hand, the singularity of the thumb relative to the other fingers will be described. With a better understanding of developmental biology, surgeons should have better insight into congenital anomalies of the upper limb. This approach is the basis for the new OMT classification used by the IFFSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Guéro
- Institut de la Main, Clinique Bizet, 22, rue Georges-Bizet, 75116 Paris, France; Hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
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Huang BJ, Brown WE, Keown T, Hu JC, Athanasiou KA. Overcoming Challenges in Engineering Large, Scaffold-Free Neocartilage with Functional Properties. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1652-1662. [PMID: 29766751 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although numerous cartilage engineering methods have been described, few report generation of constructs greater than 4 cm2, which is the typical lesion size considered for cell-based therapies. Furthermore, current cell-based therapies only target focal lesions, while treatment of large nonisolated lesions remains an area of great demand. The objective of this study was to scale up fabrication of self-assembled neocartilage from standard sizes of 0.2 cm2 to greater than 8 cm2. Passaged sheep articular chondrocytes were self-assembled into 5 or 25-mm-diameter scaffoldless neocartilage constructs. The 25-mm-diameter constructs grew up to 9.3 cm2 (areal scale-up of 23) and possessed properties similar to those of the 5-mm-diameter constructs; unfortunately, these large constructs were deformed and are unusable as a potential implant. A novel neocartilage fabrication strategy-employing mechanical confinement, a minute deadweight, and chemical stimulation (cytochalasin D, TGF-β1, chondroitinase-ABC, and lysyl oxidase-like 2 protein)-was found to successfully generate large (25-mm diameter) constructs with flat, homogeneous morphologies. Chemical stimulation increased collagen content and tensile Young's modulus 140% and 240% in the 25-mm-diameter constructs and 30% and 70% in the 5-mm-diameter constructs, respectively. This study not only demonstrated that exceedingly large self-assembled neocartilage can be generated with the appropriate combination of mechanical and chemical stimuli but also that its properties were maintained or even enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Huang
- 1 Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung, Taiwan .,2 Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University , Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wendy E Brown
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine , Irvine, California
| | - Thomas Keown
- 4 School of Medicine, University of California Irvine , Irvine, California
| | - Jerry C Hu
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine , Irvine, California
| | - Kyriacos A Athanasiou
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine , Irvine, California
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Vega SL, Kwon MY, Song KH, Wang C, Mauck RL, Han L, Burdick JA. Combinatorial hydrogels with biochemical gradients for screening 3D cellular microenvironments. Nat Commun 2018; 9:614. [PMID: 29426836 PMCID: PMC5807520 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03021-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
3D microenvironmental parameters control cell behavior, but can be challenging to investigate over a wide range of conditions. Here, a combinatorial hydrogel platform is developed that uses light-mediated thiol-norbornene chemistry to encapsulate cells within hydrogels with biochemical gradients made by spatially varied light exposure. Specifically, mesenchymal stem cells are photoencapsulated in norbornene-modified hyaluronic acid hydrogels functionalized with gradients (0-5 mM) of peptides that mimic cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions, either as single or orthogonal gradients. Chondrogenesis varied spatially in these hydrogels based on the local biochemical formulation, as indicated by Sox9 and aggrecan expression levels. From 100 combinations investigated, discrete hydrogels are formulated and early gene expression and long-term cartilage-specific matrix production are assayed and found to be consistent with screening predictions. This platform is a scalable, high-throughput technique that enables the screening of the effects of multiple biochemical signals on 3D cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián L Vega
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mi Y Kwon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kwang Hoon Song
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Robert L Mauck
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lin Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jason A Burdick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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39
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Wu SC, Chen CH, Wang JY, Lin YS, Chang JK, Ho ML. Hyaluronan size alters chondrogenesis of adipose-derived stem cells via the CD44/ERK/SOX-9 pathway. Acta Biomater 2018; 66:224-237. [PMID: 29128538 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a natural linear polymer that is one of the main types of extracellular matrix during the early stage of chondrogenesis. We found that the chondrogenesis of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) can be initiated and promoted by the application of HA to mimic the chondrogenic niche. The aim of this study is to investigate the optimal HA molecular weight (Mw) for chondrogenesis of ADSCs and the detailed mechanism. In this study, we investigated the relationships among HA Mw, CD44 clustering, and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/SOX-9 pathway during chondrogenesis of ADSCs. Human ADSCs (hADSCs) and rabbit ADSCs (rADSCs) were isolated and expanded. Chondrogenesis was induced in rADSCs by culturing cells in HA-coated wells (HA Mw: 80 kDa, 600 kDa and 2000 kDa) and evaluated by examining cell aggregation, chondrogenic gene expression (collagen type II and aggrecan) and sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) deposition in vitro. Cartilaginous tissue formation in vivo was confirmed by implanting HA/rADSCs into joint cavities. CD44 clustering, ERK phosphorylation, SOX-9 expression and SOX-9 phosphorylation in cultured hADSCs were further evaluated. Isolated and expanded rADSCs showed multilineage potential and anchorage-independent growth properties. Cell aggregation, chondrogenic gene expression, and sGAG deposition increased with increasing HA Mw in rADSCs. The 2000 kDa HA had the most pronounced chondrogenic effect on rADSCs in vitro, and implanted 2000 kDa HA/rADSCs exhibited marked cartilaginous tissue formation in vivo. CD44 clustering and cell aggregation of hADSCs were enhanced by an increase in HA Mw. In addition, higher HA Mws further enhanced CD44 clustering, ERK phosphorylation, and SOX-9 expression and phosphorylation in hADSCs. Inhibiting CD44 clustering in hADSCs reduced HA-induced chondrogenic gene expression. Inhibiting ERK phosphorylation also simultaneously attenuated HA-induced SOX-9 expression and phosphorylation and chondrogenic gene expression in hADSCs. Our results indicate that HA initiates ADSC chondrogenesis and that higher Mw HAs exhibit stronger effects, with 2000 kDa HA having the strongest effect. These effects may be mediated through increased CD44 clustering and the ERK/SOX-9 signaling pathway. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE HA-based biomaterials have been studied in stem cell-based articular cartilage tissue engineering. However, little is known about the optimal HA size for stem cell chondrogenesis and the mechanism of how HA size modulates stem cell chondrogenesis. Accordingly, we used HAs with various Mws (80-2000 kDa) as culture substrates and tested their chondrogenic effect on ADSCs. Our results demonstrated that HAs with a Mw of 2000 kDa showed the optimal effect for chondrogenesis of ADSCs. Moreover, we found that HA size can regulate ADSC chondrogenesis via the CD44/ERK/SOX-9 pathway. This finding provides new information regarding the biochemical control of chondrogenesis by HA substrates that may add value to the development of HA-based biomaterials for articular cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Cheng Wu
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hwan Chen
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jyun-Ya Wang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Lin
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Je-Ken Chang
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Adult Reconstruction Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Ling Ho
- Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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40
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Mendes LF, Tam WL, Chai YC, Geris L, Luyten FP, Roberts SJ. Combinatorial Analysis of Growth Factors Reveals the Contribution of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins to Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Periosteal Cells. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2017; 22:473-86. [PMID: 27018617 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2015.0436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful application of cell-based strategies in cartilage and bone tissue engineering has been hampered by the lack of robust protocols to efficiently differentiate mesenchymal stem cells into the chondrogenic lineage. The development of chemically defined culture media supplemented with growth factors (GFs) has been proposed as a way to overcome this limitation. In this work, we applied a fractional design of experiment (DoE) strategy to screen the effect of multiple GFs (BMP2, BMP6, GDF5, TGF-β1, and FGF2) on chondrogenic differentiation of human periosteum-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPDCs) in vitro. In a micromass culture (μMass) system, BMP2 had a positive effect on glycosaminoglycan deposition at day 7 (p < 0.001), which in combination with BMP6 synergistically enhanced cartilage-like tissue formation that displayed in vitro mineralization capacity at day 14 (p < 0.001). Gene expression of μMasses cultured for 7 days with a medium formulation supplemented with 100 ng/mL of BMP2 and BMP6 and a low concentration of GDF5, TGF-β1, and FGF2 showed increased expression of Sox9 (1.7-fold) and the matrix molecules aggrecan (7-fold increase) and COL2A1 (40-fold increase) compared to nonstimulated control μMasses. The DoE analysis indicated that in GF combinations, BMP2 was the strongest effector for chondrogenic differentiation of hPDCs. When transplanted ectopically in nude mice, the in vitro-differentiated μMasses showed maintenance of the cartilaginous phenotype after 4 weeks in vivo. This study indicates the power of using the DoE approach for the creation of new medium formulations for skeletal tissue engineering approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Filipe Mendes
- 1 Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center , Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium .,2 Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wai Long Tam
- 1 Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center , Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium .,2 Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yoke Chin Chai
- 1 Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center , Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium .,2 Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Geris
- 2 Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Leuven, Belgium .,3 Biomechanics Research Unit, University of Liege , Liege, Belgium .,4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics Section, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Frank P Luyten
- 1 Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center , Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium .,2 Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Scott J Roberts
- 1 Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center , Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium .,2 Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven , Leuven, Belgium .,5 Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London , The Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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41
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Barter MJ, Gomez R, Hyatt S, Cheung K, Skelton AJ, Xu Y, Clark IM, Young DA. The long non-coding RNA ROCR contributes to SOX9 expression and chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Development 2017; 144:4510-4521. [PMID: 29084806 PMCID: PMC5769619 DOI: 10.1242/dev.152504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are expressed in a highly tissue-specific manner and function in various aspects of cell biology, often as key regulators of gene expression. In this study, we established a role for lncRNAs in chondrocyte differentiation. Using RNA sequencing we identified a human articular chondrocyte repertoire of lncRNAs from normal hip cartilage donated by neck of femur fracture patients. Of particular interest are lncRNAs upstream of the master chondrocyte transcription factor SOX9 locus. SOX9 is an HMG-box transcription factor that plays an essential role in chondrocyte development by directing the expression of chondrocyte-specific genes. Two of these lncRNAs are upregulated during chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Depletion of one of these lncRNAs, LOC102723505, which we termed ROCR (regulator of chondrogenesis RNA), by RNA interference disrupted MSC chondrogenesis, concomitant with reduced cartilage-specific gene expression and incomplete matrix component production, indicating an important role in chondrocyte biology. Specifically, SOX9 induction was significantly ablated in the absence of ROCR, and overexpression of SOX9 rescued the differentiation of MSCs into chondrocytes. Our work sheds further light on chondrocyte-specific SOX9 expression and highlights a novel method of chondrocyte gene regulation involving a lncRNA. Summary: This study identified a chondrocyte repertoire of lncRNAs and discovered that ROCR (regulator of chondrogenesis RNA) is important for MSC chondrogenesis and cartilage gene expression by promoting the expression of SOX9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt J Barter
- Skeletal Research Group, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Rodolfo Gomez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Travesia choupana s/n, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain
| | - Sam Hyatt
- Institute of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Kat Cheung
- Skeletal Research Group, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Andrew J Skelton
- Skeletal Research Group, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Yaobo Xu
- Skeletal Research Group, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ian M Clark
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - David A Young
- Skeletal Research Group, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
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42
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Song Z, Lian X, Wang Y, Xiang Y, Li G. KLF15 regulates in vitro chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells by targeting SOX9. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 493:1082-1088. [PMID: 28923246 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells residing in the bone marrow. MSCs have the potential to differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and other types of cells. However, the mechanism underlying MSC differentiation is still not fully understood. Here we aimed to investigate the function of the Kruppel-like factor (KLF) transcriptional factor family in regulating chondrogenic differentiation from human MSCs. Among the KLF family members, KLF15 was activated during different models of chondrogenic differentiation in a time-dependent manner. Lentivirus-mediated knockdown of KLF15 in MSCs repressed chondrogenic differentiation whereas KLF15 overexpression facilitated chondrogenic differentiation. KLF15 promoted the chondrogenic differentiation of human MSCs by activating the expression of SOX9, which is critically involved in KLF15 function during chondrogenic differentiation. Our mechanism study demonstrated that KLF15 bound the promoter of SOX9 and promoted the activation of the SOX9 promoter. Taken together, our findings show that KLF15 promotes chondrogenic differentiation of human MSCs by activating SOX9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyue Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Xiaolei Lian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yong Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Guangheng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
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43
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Asahara H, Inui M, Lotz MK. Tendons and Ligaments: Connecting Developmental Biology to Musculoskeletal Disease Pathogenesis. J Bone Miner Res 2017; 32:1773-1782. [PMID: 28621492 PMCID: PMC5585011 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Tendons and ligaments provide connections between muscle and bone or bone and bone to enable locomotion. Damage to tendons and ligaments caused by acute or chronic injury or associated with aging and arthritis is a prevalent cause of disability. Improvements in approaches for the treatment of these conditions depend on a better understanding of tendon and ligament development, cell biology, and pathophysiology. This review focuses on recent advances in the discovery of transcription factors that control ligament and tendon cell differentiation, how cell and extracellular matrix homeostasis are altered in disease, and how this new insight can lead to novel therapeutic approaches. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Asahara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masafumi Inui
- Laboratory of Animal Regeneration Systemology, Department of Life Science, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kanagawa, 214-8571
| | - Martin K. Lotz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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44
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Cao Z, Dou C, Dong S. Curcumin Inhibits Chondrocyte Hypertrophy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells through IHH and Notch Signaling Pathways. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2017; 65:762-767. [PMID: 28768930 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c17-00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Using tissue engineering technique to repair cartilage damage caused by osteoarthritis is a promising strategy. However, the regenerated tissue usually is fibrous cartilage, which has poor mechanical characteristics compared to hyaline cartilage. Chondrocyte hypertrophy plays an important role in this process. Thus, it is very important to find out a suitable way to maintain the phenotype of chondrocytes and inhibit chondrocyte hypertrophy. Curcumin deriving from turmeric was reported with anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor pharmacological effects. However, the role of curcumin in metabolism of chondrocytes, especially in the chondrocyte hypertrophy remains unclear. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in cartilage tissue engineering as seed cells. So we investigated the effect of curcumin on chondrogenesis and chondrocyte hypertrophy in MSCs through examination of cell viability, glycosaminoglycan synthesis and specific gene expression. We found curcumin had no effect on expression of chondrogenic markers including Sox9 and Col2a1 while hypertrophic markers including Runx2 and Col10a1 were down-regulated. Further exploration showed that curcumin inhibited chondrocyte hypertrophy through Indian hedgehog homolog (IHH) and Notch signalings. Our results indicated curcumin was a potential agent in modulating cartilage homeostasis and maintaining chondrocyte phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cao
- Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University.,Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University
| | - Ce Dou
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, School of Biomedical Engineering, Third Military Medical University
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45
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Thakurta SG, Sahu N, Miller A, Budhiraja G, Akert L, Viljoen H, Subramanian A. Long-term culture of human mesenchymal stem cell-seeded constructs under ultrasound stimulation: evaluation of chondrogenesis. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/2/5/055016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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46
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López-Ruiz E, Jiménez G, García MÁ, Antich C, Boulaiz H, Marchal JA, Perán M. Polymers, scaffolds and bioactive molecules with therapeutic properties in osteochondral pathologies: what’s new? Expert Opin Ther Pat 2016; 26:877-90. [DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2016.1203903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena López-Ruiz
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Gema Jiménez
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María Ángel García
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Antich
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Houria Boulaiz
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospitals of Granada-University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Macarena Perán
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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47
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Evaluation of β1-integrin expression on chondrogenically differentiating human adipose-derived stem cells using atomic force microscopy. Biointerphases 2016; 11:021005. [PMID: 27106564 DOI: 10.1116/1.4947049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of β1-integrin on human adipose-derived stem cells, differentiating toward a chondrogenic lineage, is hypothesized to decrease when cells are grown under in vivo-like environments due to sufficient extracellular matrix (ECM) buildup in the engineered tissues. The opposite is true when cells are grown in static cultures such as in pellet or micromass. To probe β1-integrin distribution on cellular surfaces, atomic force microscopy cantilevers modified with anti-β1-integrin antibodies were used. Specific antibody-antigen adhesion forces were identified and indicated the locations of β1-integrins on cells. ECM properties were assessed by estimating the Young's modulus of the matrix. Specific single antibody-antigen interactions averaged 78 ± 10 pN with multiple bindings occurring at approximate multiples of 78 pN. The author's results show that upregulated β1-integrin expression coincided with a less robust ECM as assessed by mechanical properties of tissues. In micromass and pellet cultures, transforming growth factor β3(TGF-β3) elicited a decrease in Young's modulus by 3.7- and 4.4-fold while eliciting an increase in β1-integrin count by 1.1- and 1.3-fold, respectively. β1-integrin counts on cells grown in the presence of TGF-β3 with oscillating hydrostatic pressure decreased by a 1.1-fold while the Young's modulus increased by a 1.9-fold. Collectively, our results suggest that cells in insufficiently robust ECM express more integrin perhaps to facilitate cell-ECM adhesion and compensate for a looser less robust ECM.
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48
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Ma Y, Li J, Yao Y, Wei D, Wang R, Wu Q. A controlled double-duration inducible gene expression system for cartilage tissue engineering. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26617. [PMID: 27222430 PMCID: PMC4879534 DOI: 10.1038/srep26617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage engineering that combines competent seeding cells and a compatible scaffold is increasingly gaining popularity and is potentially useful for the treatment of various bone and cartilage diseases. Intensive efforts have been made by researchers to improve the viability and functionality of seeding cells of engineered constructs that are implanted into damaged cartilage. Here, we designed an integrative system combining gene engineering and the controlled-release concept to solve the problems of both seeding cell viability and functionality through precisely regulating the anti-apoptotic gene bcl-2 in the short-term and the chondrogenic master regulator Sox9 in the long-term. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that our system enhances the cell viability and chondrogenic effects of the engineered scaffold after introduction of the system while restricting anti-apoptotic gene expression to only the early stage, thereby preventing potential oncogenic and overdose effects. Our system was designed to be modular and can also be readily adapted to other tissue engineering applications with minor modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Center for Synthetic &System Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Junxiang Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Center for Synthetic &System Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Center for Synthetic &System Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Daixu Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Center for Synthetic &System Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Center for Synthetic &System Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Center for Synthetic &System Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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49
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Diederichs S, Gabler J, Autenrieth J, Kynast KL, Merle C, Walles H, Utikal J, Richter W. Differential Regulation of SOX9 Protein During Chondrogenesis of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Versus Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Shortcoming for Cartilage Formation. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:598-609. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Solvig Diederichs
- Research Center for Experimental Orthopedics, Orthopedic University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jessica Gabler
- Research Center for Experimental Orthopedics, Orthopedic University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Autenrieth
- Research Center for Experimental Orthopedics, Orthopedic University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina L. Kynast
- Research Center for Experimental Orthopedics, Orthopedic University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Merle
- Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Orthopedic University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heike Walles
- Department Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Translational Center Würzburg ‘Regenerative Therapies in Oncology and Musculoskeletal Diseases’–Würzburg Branch, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Utikal
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wiltrud Richter
- Research Center for Experimental Orthopedics, Orthopedic University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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50
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Ashraf S, Cha BH, Kim JS, Ahn J, Han I, Park H, Lee SH. Regulation of senescence associated signaling mechanisms in chondrocytes for cartilage tissue regeneration. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:196-205. [PMID: 26190795 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adult articular chondrocytes undergo slow senescence and dedifferentiation during in vitro expansion, restricting successful cartilage regeneration. A complete understanding of the molecular signaling pathways involved in the senescence and dedifferentiation of chondrocytes is essential in order to better characterize chondrocytes for cartilage tissue engineering applications. During expansion, cell fate is determined by the change in expression of various genes in response to aspects of the microenvironment, including oxidative stress, mechanical stress, and unsuitable culture conditions. Rapid senescence or dedifferentiation not only results in the loss of the chondrocytic phenotype but also enhances production of inflammatory mediators and matrix-degrading enzymes. This review focuses on the two groups of genes that play direct and indirect roles in the induction of senescence and dedifferentiation. Numerous degenerative signaling pathways associated with these genes have been reported. Upregulation of the genes interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), p53, p16, p21, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is responsible for the direct induction of senescence, whereas downregulation of the genes transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 9 (SOX9), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), indirectly induces senescence. In senescent and dedifferentiated chondrocytes, it was found that TGF-β, BMP-2, SOX9, and IGF-1 are downregulated, while the levels of IL-1β, p53, p16, p21, and p38 MAPK are upregulated followed by inhibition of the normal molecular functioning of the chondrocytes. This review helps to elucidate the underlying mechanism in degenerative cartilage disease, which may help to improve cartilage tissue regeneration techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ashraf
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - B-H Cha
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - J-S Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - J Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - I Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA University, CHA Bundang Medical Center, 59, Yatap-ro Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Kyeunggi-do, 463-712, South Korea.
| | - H Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - S-H Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea.
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