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Markov NS, Ren Z, Senkow KJ, Grant RA, Gao CA, Malsin ES, Sichizya L, Kihshen H, Helmin KA, Jovisic M, Arnold JM, Pérez-Leonor XG, Abdala-Valencia H, Swaminathan S, Nwaezeapu J, Kang M, Rasmussen L, Ozer EA, Lorenzo-Redondo R, Hultquist JF, Simons LM, Rios-Guzman E, Misharin AV, Wunderink RG, Budinger GRS, Singer BD, Morales-Nebreda L. Distinctive evolution of alveolar T cell responses is associated with clinical outcomes in unvaccinated patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1607-1622. [PMID: 39138384 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01914-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
The evolution of T cell molecular signatures in the distal lung of patients with severe pneumonia is understudied. Here, we analyzed T cell subsets in longitudinal bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from 273 patients with severe pneumonia, including unvaccinated patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or with respiratory failure not linked to pneumonia. In patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, activation of interferon signaling pathways, low activation of the NF-κB pathway and preferential targeting of spike and nucleocapsid proteins early after intubation were associated with favorable outcomes, whereas loss of interferon signaling, activation of NF-κB-driven programs and specificity for the ORF1ab complex late in disease were associated with mortality. These results suggest that in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, alveolar T cell interferon responses targeting structural SARS-CoV-2 proteins characterize individuals who recover, whereas responses against nonstructural proteins and activation of NF-κB are associated with poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay S Markov
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ziyou Ren
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karolina J Senkow
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rogan A Grant
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Catherine A Gao
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Malsin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lango Sichizya
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hermon Kihshen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kathryn A Helmin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Milica Jovisic
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jason M Arnold
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xóchitl G Pérez-Leonor
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hiam Abdala-Valencia
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Suchitra Swaminathan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Julu Nwaezeapu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mengjia Kang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Luke Rasmussen
- Division of Health and Biomedical Informatics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Egon A Ozer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Judd F Hultquist
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lacy M Simons
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Estefany Rios-Guzman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alexander V Misharin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Richard G Wunderink
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - G R Scott Budinger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Benjamin D Singer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Luisa Morales-Nebreda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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2
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Carey AE, Weeraratna AT. Entering the TiME machine: How age-related changes in the tumor immune microenvironment impact melanoma progression and therapy response. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 262:108698. [PMID: 39098769 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer in the United States, with its incidence rates rising in older populations. As the immune system undergoes age-related changes, these alterations can significantly influence tumor progression and the effectiveness of cancer treatments. Recent advancements in understanding immune checkpoint molecules have paved the way for the development of innovative immunotherapies targeting solid tumors. However, the aging tumor microenvironment can play a crucial role in modulating the response to these immunotherapeutic approaches. This review seeks to examine the intricate relationship between age-related changes in the immune system and their impact on the efficacy of immunotherapies, particularly in the context of melanoma. By exploring this complex interplay, we hope to elucidate potential strategies to optimize treatment outcomes for older patients with melanoma, and draw parallels to other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis E Carey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashani T Weeraratna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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3
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Zhivaki D, Kennedy SN, Park J, Boriello F, Devant P, Cao A, Bahleda KM, Murphy S, McCabe C, Evavold CL, Chapman KL, Zanoni I, Ashenberg O, Xavier RJ, Kagan JC. Correction of age-associated defects in dendritic cells enables CD4 + T cells to eradicate tumors. Cell 2024; 187:3888-3903.e18. [PMID: 38870946 PMCID: PMC11283364 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Defective host defenses later in life are associated with changes in immune cell activities, suggesting that age-specific considerations are needed in immunotherapy approaches. In this study, we found that PD-1 and CTLA4-based cancer immunotherapies are unable to eradicate tumors in elderly mice. This defect in anti-tumor activity correlated with two known age-associated immune defects: diminished abundance of systemic naive CD8+ T cells and weak migratory activities of dendritic cells (DCs). We identified a vaccine adjuvant, referred to as a DC hyperactivator, which corrects DC migratory defects in the elderly. Vaccines containing tumor antigens and DC hyperactivators induced T helper type 1 (TH1) CD4+ T cells with cytolytic activity that drive anti-tumor immunity in elderly mice. When administered early in life, DC hyperactivators were the only adjuvant identified that elicited anti-tumor CD4+ T cells that persisted into old age. These results raise the possibility of correcting age-associated immune defects through DC manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Zhivaki
- Harvard Medical School and Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie N Kennedy
- Harvard Medical School and Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Josh Park
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Francesco Boriello
- Harvard Medical School and Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pascal Devant
- Harvard Medical School and Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anh Cao
- Harvard Medical School and Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristin M Bahleda
- Harvard Medical School and Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shane Murphy
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cristin McCabe
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Charles L Evavold
- Harvard Medical School and Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kate L Chapman
- Harvard Medical School and Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ivan Zanoni
- Harvard Medical School and Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Orr Ashenberg
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan C Kagan
- Harvard Medical School and Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Headley CA, Gautam S, Olmo-Fontanez A, Garcia-Vilanova A, Dwivedi V, Schami A, Weintraub S, Tsao PS, Torrelles JB, Turner J. Mitochondrial Transplantation Promotes Protective Effector and Memory CD4 + T Cell Response During Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection and Diminishes Exhaustion and Senescence in Elderly CD4 + T cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401077. [PMID: 39039808 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), is a major global health concern, particularly affecting those with weakened immune systems, including the elderly. CD4+ T cell response is crucial for immunity against M.tb, but chronic infections and aging can lead to T cell exhaustion and senescence, worsening TB disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction, prevalent in aging and chronic diseases, disrupts cellular metabolism, increases oxidative stress, and impairs T-cell functions. This study investigates the effect of mitochondrial transplantation (mito-transfer) on CD4+ T cell differentiation and function in aged mouse models and human CD4+ T cells from elderly individuals. Mito-transfer in naïve CD4+ T cells is found to promote protective effector and memory T cell generation during M.tb infection in mice. Additionally, it improves elderly human T cell function by increasing mitochondrial mass and altering cytokine production, thereby reducing markers of exhaustion and senescence. These findings suggest mito-transfer as a novel approach to enhance aged CD4+ T cell functionality, potentially benefiting immune responses in the elderly and chronic TB patients. This has broader implications for diseases where mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to T-cell exhaustion and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colwyn A Headley
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Angelica Olmo-Fontanez
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Varun Dwivedi
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Alyssa Schami
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Susan Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, UT health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Philip S Tsao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Internaltional Center for the Advancement of Research & Education (I•CARE), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Joanne Turner
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
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5
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De Bouver C, Bouziotis J, Wijtvliet VPWM, Ariën KK, Mariën J, Heyndrickx L, Couttenye MM, de Fijter HJW, Mestrez F, Treille S, Mat O, Collart F, Allard SD, Vingerhoets L, Moons P, Abramowicz D, De Winter BY, Pipeleers L, Wissing KM, Ledeganck KJ. Humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in kidney transplant recipients and dialysis patients: IgA and IgG patterns unraveled after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. Virol J 2024; 21:138. [PMID: 38872127 PMCID: PMC11170792 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-024-02410-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection with SARS-CoV-2 in high-risk groups such as kidney transplant and dialysis patients is shown to be associated with a more serious course of the disease. Four years after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, crucial knowledge on the immune responses in these patient groups is still lacking. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the humoral immune response after a SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to vaccination as well as the evolution of immunoglobulins over time. METHODS Kidney transplant recipients, patients on haemodialysis or on peritoneal dialysis and healthy controls were included in this longitudinal multicenter study. SARS-CoV-2 anti-RBD, anti-NP and anti-S1S2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and A (IgA) as well as the neutralizing antibody capacity were measured. RESULTS Kidney transplant recipients had a significantly better humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 after infection (86.4%) than after a two-dose mRNA vaccination (55.8%) while seroconversion was comparable in patients on haemodialysis after infection (95.8%) versus vaccination (89.4%). In individuals without prior COVID-19, the IgG levels after vaccination were significantly lower in kidney transplant recipients when compared to all other groups. However, the IgA titres remained the highest in this patient group at each time point, both after infection and vaccination. A history COVID-19 was associated with higher antibody levels after double-dose vaccination in all patient categories and, while decreasing, titres remained high six months after double-dose vaccination. CONCLUSION Kidney transplant recipients had a more robust humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 following infection compared to a two-dose mRNA vaccination, while patients on haemodialysis exhibited comparable seroconversion rates. Notably, individuals with prior COVID-19 exhibited higher IgG levels in response to vaccination. Hybrid immunity is thus the best possible defence against severe COVID-19 disease and seems also to hold up for these populations. Next, it is not clear whether the higher IgA levels in the kidney transplant recipients is beneficial for neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 or if it is a sign of disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline De Bouver
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jason Bouziotis
- Clinical Trial Center (CTC), CRC Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Veerle P W M Wijtvliet
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Kevin K Ariën
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joachim Mariën
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Leo Heyndrickx
- Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marie M Couttenye
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Hans J W de Fijter
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Fabienne Mestrez
- Department of Nephrology-Dialysis, University Hospital (CHU) Ambroise Paré, Mons, Belgium
| | - Serge Treille
- Department of Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Olivier Mat
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Centre EpiCURA, Ath, Belgium
| | - Frederic Collart
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitaire Brugmann, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sabine D Allard
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Pieter Moons
- Biobank Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Daniel Abramowicz
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Y De Winter
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lissa Pipeleers
- Department of Nephrology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karl Martin Wissing
- Department of Nephrology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kristien J Ledeganck
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and member of the Infla-Med Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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6
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Gill JS, Bansal B, Guo K, Huang F, Singh H, Hur J, Khan N, Mathur R. Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress Regulates FOXP3+ T-Cell Activity and CD4-Mediated Inflammation in Older Adults with Frailty. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6235. [PMID: 38892421 PMCID: PMC11173216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In healthy older adults, the immune system generally preserves its response and contributes to a long, healthy lifespan. However, rapid deterioration in immune regulation can lead to chronic inflammation, termed inflammaging, which accelerates pathological aging and diminishes the quality of life in older adults with frailty. A significant limitation in current aging research is the predominant focus on comparisons between young and older populations, often overlooking the differences between healthy older adults and those experiencing pathological aging. Our study elucidates the intricate immunological dynamics of the CD4/Treg axis in frail older adults compared to comparable age-matched healthy older adults. By utilizing publicly available RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we identified a specific Treg cell subset and transcriptional landscape contributing to the dysregulation of CD4+ T-cell responses. We explored the molecular mechanisms underpinning Treg dysfunction, revealing that Tregs from frail older adults exhibit reduced mitochondrial protein levels, impairing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. This impairment is driven by the TNF/NF-kappa B pathway, leading to cumulative inflammation. Further, we gained a deeper understanding of the CD4/Treg axis by predicting the effects of gene perturbations on cellular signaling networks. Collectively, these findings highlight the age-related relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction in the CD4/Treg axis and its role in accelerating aging and frailty in older adults. Targeting Treg dysfunction offers a critical basis for developing tailored therapeutic strategies aimed at improving the quality of life in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jappreet Singh Gill
- Department of Geriatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (J.S.G.); (B.B.); (H.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58292, USA
| | - Benu Bansal
- Department of Geriatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (J.S.G.); (B.B.); (H.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58292, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (K.G.); (F.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (K.G.); (F.H.); (J.H.)
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (K.G.); (F.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Geriatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (J.S.G.); (B.B.); (H.S.)
| | - Junguk Hur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (K.G.); (F.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Nadeem Khan
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainsville, FL 32603, USA;
| | - Ramkumar Mathur
- Department of Geriatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (J.S.G.); (B.B.); (H.S.)
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7
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Chen ACY, Jaiswal S, Martinez D, Yerinde C, Ji K, Miranda V, Fung ME, Weiss SA, Zschummel M, Taguchi K, Garris CS, Mempel TR, Hacohen N, Sen DR. The aged tumor microenvironment limits T cell control of cancer. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1033-1045. [PMID: 38745085 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01828-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The etiology and effect of age-related immune dysfunction in cancer is not completely understood. Here we show that limited priming of CD8+ T cells in the aged tumor microenvironment (TME) outweighs cell-intrinsic defects in limiting tumor control. Increased tumor growth in aging is associated with reduced CD8+ T cell infiltration and function. Transfer of T cells from young mice does not restore tumor control in aged mice owing to rapid induction of T cell dysfunction. Cell-extrinsic signals in the aged TME drive a tumor-infiltrating age-associated dysfunctional (TTAD) cell state that is functionally, transcriptionally and epigenetically distinct from canonical T cell exhaustion. Altered natural killer cell-dendritic cell-CD8+ T cell cross-talk in aged tumors impairs T cell priming by conventional type 1 dendritic cells and promotes TTAD cell formation. Aged mice are thereby unable to benefit from therapeutic tumor vaccination. Critically, myeloid-targeted therapy to reinvigorate conventional type 1 dendritic cells can improve tumor control and restore CD8+ T cell immunity in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex C Y Chen
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sneha Jaiswal
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniela Martinez
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cansu Yerinde
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keely Ji
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Velita Miranda
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Megan E Fung
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah A Weiss
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Zschummel
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kazuhiro Taguchi
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher S Garris
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thorsten R Mempel
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Debattama R Sen
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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8
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Zhang W, Sun HS, Wang X, Dumont AS, Liu Q. Cellular senescence, DNA damage, and neuroinflammation in the aging brain. Trends Neurosci 2024; 47:461-474. [PMID: 38729785 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Aging may lead to low-level chronic inflammation that increases the susceptibility to age-related conditions, including memory impairment and progressive loss of brain volume. As brain health is essential to promoting healthspan and lifespan, it is vital to understand age-related changes in the immune system and central nervous system (CNS) that drive normal brain aging. However, the relative importance, mechanistic interrelationships, and hierarchical order of such changes and their impact on normal brain aging remain to be clarified. Here, we synthesize accumulating evidence that age-related DNA damage and cellular senescence in the immune system and CNS contribute to the escalation of neuroinflammation and cognitive decline during normal brain aging. Targeting cellular senescence and immune modulation may provide a logical rationale for developing new treatment options to restore immune homeostasis and counteract age-related brain dysfunction and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Aaron S Dumont
- Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Institute of Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
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9
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Chwa JS, Kim M, Lee Y, Cheng WA, Shin Y, Jumarang J, Bender JM, Pannaraj PS. Detection of SARS-CoV-2-Specific Secretory IgA and Neutralizing Antibodies in the Nasal Secretions of Exposed Seronegative Individuals. Viruses 2024; 16:852. [PMID: 38932145 PMCID: PMC11209246 DOI: 10.3390/v16060852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucosal immunity may contribute to clearing SARS-CoV-2 infection prior to systemic infection, thereby allowing hosts to remain seronegative. We describe the meaningful detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific nasal mucosal antibodies in a group of exposed-household individuals that evaded systemic infection. Between June 2020 and February 2023, nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) and acute and convalescent blood were collected from individuals exposed to a SARS-CoV-2-confirmed household member. Nasal secretory IgA (SIgA) antibodies targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were measured using a modified ELISA. Of the 36 exposed individuals without SARS-CoV-2 detected by the RT-PCR of NPS specimens and seronegative for SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG at enrollment and convalescence, 13 (36.1%) had positive SARS-CoV-2-specific SIgA levels detected in the nasal mucosa at enrollment. These individuals had significantly higher nasal SIgA (median 0.52 AU/mL) compared with never-exposed, never-infected controls (0.001 AU/mL) and infected-family participants (0.0002 AU/mL) during the acute visit, respectively (both p < 0.001). The nasal SARS-CoV-2-specific SIgA decreased rapidly over two weeks in the exposed seronegative individuals compared to a rise in SIgA in infected-family members. The nasal SARS-CoV-2-specific SIgA may have a protective role in preventing systemic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S. Chwa
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA;
| | - Minjun Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; (M.K.); (Y.L.); (W.A.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Yesun Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; (M.K.); (Y.L.); (W.A.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Wesley A. Cheng
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; (M.K.); (Y.L.); (W.A.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Yunho Shin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA;
| | - Jaycee Jumarang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; (M.K.); (Y.L.); (W.A.C.); (J.J.)
| | - Jeffrey M. Bender
- Department of Pediatrics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA;
| | - Pia S. Pannaraj
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; (M.K.); (Y.L.); (W.A.C.); (J.J.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
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10
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Sato Y, Tada M, Goronzy JJ, Weyand CM. Immune checkpoints in autoimmune vasculitis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2024; 38:101943. [PMID: 38599937 PMCID: PMC11366503 DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2024.101943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a prototypic autoimmune disease with a highly selective tissue tropism for medium and large arteries. Extravascular GCA manifests with intense systemic inflammation and polymyalgia rheumatica; vascular GCA results in vessel wall damage and stenosis, causing tissue ischemia. Typical granulomatous infiltrates in affected arteries are composed of CD4+ T cells and hyperactivated macrophages, signifying the involvement of the innate and adaptive immune system. Lesional CD4+ T cells undergo antigen-dependent clonal expansion, but antigen-nonspecific pathways ultimately control the intensity and duration of pathogenic immunity. Patient-derived CD4+ T cells receive strong co-stimulatory signals through the NOTCH1 receptor and the CD28/CD80-CD86 pathway. In parallel, co-inhibitory signals, designed to dampen overshooting T cell immunity, are defective, leaving CD4+ T cells unopposed and capable of supporting long-lasting and inappropriate immune responses. Based on recent data, two inhibitory checkpoints are defective in GCA: the Programmed death-1 (PD-1)/Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) checkpoint and the CD96/CD155 checkpoint, giving rise to the "lost inhibition concept". Subcellular and molecular analysis has demonstrated trapping of the checkpoint ligands in the endoplasmic reticulum, creating PD-L1low CD155low antigen-presenting cells. Uninhibited CD4+ T cells expand, release copious amounts of the cytokine Interleukin (IL)-9, and differentiate into long-lived effector memory cells. These data place GCA and cancer on opposite ends of the co-inhibition spectrum, with cancer patients developing immune paralysis due to excessive inhibitory checkpoints and GCA patients developing autoimmunity due to nonfunctional inhibitory checkpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sato
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Maria Tada
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jorg J Goronzy
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Cornelia M Weyand
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Department of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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11
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Dadgar N, Sherry C, Zimmerman J, Park H, Lewis C, Donnenberg A, Zaidi AH, Fan Y, Xiao K, Bartlett D, Donnenberg V, Wagner PL. Targeting interleukin-6 as a treatment approach for peritoneal carcinomatosis. J Transl Med 2024; 22:402. [PMID: 38689325 PMCID: PMC11061933 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05205-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is a complex manifestation of abdominal cancers, with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Recent work identifying high concentrations of the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and its soluble receptor (sIL-6-Rα) in the peritoneal cavity of patients with PC has highlighted this pathway as an emerging potential therapeutic target. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the potential role of IL-6 in the development and progression of PC. We discuss mechansims by which the IL-6 pathway may contribute to peritoneal tumor dissemination, mesothelial adhesion and invasion, stromal invasion and proliferation, and immune response modulation. Finally, we review the prospects for targeting the IL-6 pathway in the treatment of PC, focusing on common sites of origin, including ovarian, gastric, pancreatic, colorectal and appendiceal cancer, and mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Dadgar
- Translational Hematology & Oncology Research, Enterprise Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Christopher Sherry
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Jenna Zimmerman
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Hyun Park
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Catherine Lewis
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Albert Donnenberg
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Ali H Zaidi
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Yong Fan
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Kunhong Xiao
- Center for Proteomics & Artificial Intelligence, Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - David Bartlett
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA
| | - Vera Donnenberg
- University of Pittsburgh School of MedicineDepartment of Cardiothoracic SurgeryUPMC Hillman Cancer Center Wagner, Patrick; Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Patrick L Wagner
- Allegheny Health Network Cancer Institute, 314 E. North Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15212, USA.
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12
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Bulut O, Temba GS, Koeken VACM, Moorlag SJCFM, de Bree LCJ, Mourits VP, Kullaya VI, Jaeger M, Qi C, Riksen NP, Domínguez-Andrés J, Xu CJ, Joosten LAB, Li Y, de Mast Q, Netea MG. Common and distinct metabolomic markers related to immune aging in Western European and East African populations. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 218:111916. [PMID: 38364983 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
In old age, impaired immunity causes high susceptibility to infections and cancer, higher morbidity and mortality, and poorer vaccination efficiency. Many factors, such as genetics, diet, and lifestyle, impact aging. This study aimed to investigate how immune responses change with age in healthy Dutch and Tanzanian individuals and identify common metabolites associated with an aged immune profile. We performed untargeted metabolomics from plasma to identify age-associated metabolites, and we correlated their concentrations with ex-vivo cytokine production by immune cells, DNA methylation-based epigenetic aging, and telomere length. Innate immune responses were impacted differently by age in Dutch and Tanzanian cohorts. Age-related decline in steroid hormone precursors common in both populations was associated with higher systemic inflammation and lower cytokine responses. Hippurate and 2-phenylacetamide, commonly more abundant in older individuals, were negatively correlated with cytokine responses and telomere length and positively correlated with epigenetic aging. Lastly, we identified several metabolites that might contribute to the stronger decline in innate immunity with age in Tanzanians. The shared metabolomic signatures of the two cohorts suggest common mechanisms of immune aging, revealing metabolites with potential contributions. These findings also reflect genetic or environmental effects on circulating metabolites that modulate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Bulut
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA the Netherlands.
| | - Godfrey S Temba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA the Netherlands; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Valerie A C M Koeken
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA the Netherlands; Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM) & TWINCORE, joint ventures between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Simone J C F M Moorlag
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA the Netherlands
| | - L Charlotte J de Bree
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA the Netherlands
| | - Vera P Mourits
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA the Netherlands
| | - Vesla I Kullaya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Moshi, Tanzania; Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center, Moshi, Tanzania
| | - Martin Jaeger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA the Netherlands
| | - Cancan Qi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA the Netherlands; Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM) & TWINCORE, joint ventures between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Niels P Riksen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA the Netherlands
| | - Jorge Domínguez-Andrés
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA the Netherlands
| | - Cheng-Jian Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA the Netherlands; Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM) & TWINCORE, joint ventures between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA the Netherlands; Department of Medical Genetics, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA the Netherlands; Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Infection Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM) & TWINCORE, joint ventures between the Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Quirijn de Mast
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA the Netherlands
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525GA the Netherlands; Department of Immunology and Metabolism, Life & Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn53115 Germany
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13
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Yu PJ, Zhou M, Liu Y, Du J. Senescent T Cells in Age-Related Diseases. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0219. [PMID: 38502582 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-induced alterations in human immunity are often considered deleterious and are referred to as immunosenescence. The immune system monitors the number of senescent cells in the body, while immunosenescence may represent the initiation of systemic aging. Immune cells, particularly T cells, are the most impacted and involved in age-related immune function deterioration, making older individuals more prone to different age-related diseases. T-cell senescence can impact the effectiveness of immunotherapies that rely on the immune system's function, including vaccines and adoptive T-cell therapies. The research and practice of using senescent T cells as therapeutic targets to intervene in age-related diseases are in their nascent stages. Therefore, in this review, we summarize recent related literature to investigate the characteristics of senescent T cells as well as their formation mechanisms, relationship with various aging-related diseases, and means of intervention. The primary objective of this article is to explore the prospects and possibilities of therapeutically targeting senescent T cells, serving as a valuable resource for the development of immunotherapy and treatment of age-related diseases.
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14
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Ruiz-Fernández I, Sánchez-Díaz R, Ortega-Sollero E, Martín P. Update on the role of T cells in cognitive impairment. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:799-815. [PMID: 37559406 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) has long been considered an immune-privileged site, with minimal interaction between immune cells, particularly of the adaptive immune system. Previously, the presence of immune cells in this organ was primarily linked to events involving disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or inflammation. However, current research has shown that immune cells are found patrolling CNS under homeostatic conditions. Specifically, T cells of the adaptive immune system are able to cross the BBB and are associated with ageing and cognitive impairment. In addition, T-cell infiltration has been observed in pathological conditions, where inflammation correlates with poor prognosis. Despite ongoing research, the role of this population in the ageing brain under both physiological and pathological conditions is not yet fully understood. In this review, we provide an overview of the interactions between T cells and other immune and CNS parenchymal cells, and examine the molecular mechanisms by which these interactions may contribute to normal brain function and the scenarios in which disruption of these connections lead to cognitive impairment. A comprehensive understanding of the role of T cells in the ageing brain and the underlying molecular pathways under normal conditions could pave the way for new research to better understand brain disorders. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue From Alzheimer's Disease to Vascular Dementia: Different Roads Leading to Cognitive Decline. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.6/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Díaz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Pilar Martín
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Madrid, Spain
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15
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Durand A, Bonilla N, Level T, Ginestet Z, Lombès A, Guichard V, Germain M, Jacques S, Letourneur F, Do Cruzeiro M, Marchiol C, Renault G, Le Gall M, Charvet C, Le Bon A, Martin B, Auffray C, Lucas B. Type 1 interferons and Foxo1 down-regulation play a key role in age-related T-cell exhaustion in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1718. [PMID: 38409097 PMCID: PMC10897180 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45984-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Foxo family transcription factors are critically involved in multiple processes, such as metabolism, quiescence, cell survival and cell differentiation. Although continuous, high activity of Foxo transcription factors extends the life span of some species, the involvement of Foxo proteins in mammalian aging remains to be determined. Here, we show that Foxo1 is down-regulated with age in mouse T cells. This down-regulation of Foxo1 in T cells may contribute to the disruption of naive T-cell homeostasis with age, leading to an increase in the number of memory T cells. Foxo1 down-regulation is also associated with the up-regulation of co-inhibitory receptors by memory T cells and exhaustion in aged mice. Using adoptive transfer experiments, we show that the age-dependent down-regulation of Foxo1 in T cells is mediated by T-cell-extrinsic cues, including type 1 interferons. Taken together, our data suggest that type 1 interferon-induced Foxo1 down-regulation is likely to contribute significantly to T-cell dysfunction in aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Durand
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Nelly Bonilla
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Théo Level
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Zoé Ginestet
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Amélie Lombès
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Guichard
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Germain
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Jacques
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Franck Letourneur
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Marcio Do Cruzeiro
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Carmen Marchiol
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Renault
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Morgane Le Gall
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Céline Charvet
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Illkirch, France
- CNRS UMR7104, Illkirch, France
- INSERM U1258, Illkirch, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Agnès Le Bon
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Martin
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Auffray
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Lucas
- Université Paris-Cité, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR8104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1016, 75014, Paris, France.
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16
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Kapse B, Budev MM, Singer JP, Greenland JR. Immune aging: biological mechanisms, clinical symptoms, and management in lung transplant recipients. FRONTIERS IN TRANSPLANTATION 2024; 3:1356948. [PMID: 38993782 PMCID: PMC11235310 DOI: 10.3389/frtra.2024.1356948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
While chronologic age can be precisely defined, clinical manifestations of advanced age occur in different ways and at different rates across individuals. The observed phenotype of advanced age likely reflects a superposition of several biological aging mechanisms which have gained increasing attention as the world contends with an aging population. Even within the immune system, there are multiple age-associated biological mechanisms at play, including telomere dysfunction, epigenetic dysregulation, immune senescence programs, and mitochondrial dysfunction. These biological mechanisms have associated clinical syndromes, such as telomere dysfunction leading to short telomere syndrome (STS), and optimal patient management may require recognition of biologically based aging syndromes. Within the clinical context of lung transplantation, select immune aging mechanisms are particularly pronounced. Indeed, STS is increasingly recognized as an indication for lung transplantation. At the same time, common aging phenotypes may be evoked by the stress of transplantation because lung allografts face a potent immune response, necessitating higher levels of immune suppression and associated toxicities, relative to other solid organs. Age-associated conditions exacerbated by lung transplant include bone marrow suppression, herpes viral infections, liver cirrhosis, hypogammaglobulinemia, frailty, and cancer risk. This review aims to dissect the molecular mechanisms of immune aging and describe their clinical manifestations in the context of lung transplantation. While these mechanisms are more likely to manifest in the context of lung transplantation, this mechanism-based approach to clinical syndromes of immune aging has broad relevance to geriatric medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Kapse
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Marie M. Budev
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Jonathan P. Singer
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - John R. Greenland
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, Medicine, San Francisco, CA, United States
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17
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Shimi G, Sohouli MH, Ghorbani A, Shakery A, Zand H. The interplay between obesity, immunosenescence, and insulin resistance. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:13. [PMID: 38317257 PMCID: PMC10840211 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-024-00414-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Obesity, which is the accumulation of fat in adipose tissue, has adverse impacts on human health. Obesity-related metabolic dysregulation has similarities to the metabolic alterations observed in aging. It has been shown that the adipocytes of obese individuals undergo cellular aging, known as senescence. Senescence can be transmitted to other normal cells through a series of chemical factors referred to as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Most of these factors are pro-inflammatory compounds. The immune system removes these senescent T-cells, but immunosenescence, which is the senescence of immune cells, disrupts the clearance of senescent T-cells. Immunosenescence occurs as a result of aging or indirectly through transmission from senescent tissues. The significant occurrence of senescence in obesity is expected to cause immunosenescence and impairs the immune response to resolve inflammation. The sustained and chronic inflammation disrupts insulin's metabolic actions in metabolic tissues. Therefore, this review focuses on the role of senescent adipocyte cells in obesity-associated immunosenescence and subsequent metabolic dysregulation. Moreover, the article suggests novel therapeutic approaches to improve metabolic syndrome by targeting senescent T-cells or using senotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Shimi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1981619573, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Sohouli
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1981619573, Iran
| | - Arman Ghorbani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1981619573, Iran
| | - Azam Shakery
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1981619573, Iran
| | - Hamid Zand
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1981619573, Iran.
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18
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Headley CA, Gautam S, Olmo-Fontanez A, Garcia-Vilanova A, Dwivedi V, Schami A, Weintraub S, Tsao PS, Torrelles JB, Turner J. Mitochondrial Transplantation promotes protective effector and memory CD4 + T cell response during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and diminishes exhaustion and senescence in elderly CD4 + T cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.24.577036. [PMID: 38328206 PMCID: PMC10849707 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.24.577036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), remains a significant health concern worldwide, especially in populations with weakened or compromised immune systems, such as the elderly. Proper adaptive immune function, particularly a CD4+ T cell response, is central to host immunity against M.tb. Chronic infections, such as M.tb, as well as aging promote T cell exhaustion and senescence, which can impair immune control and promote progression to TB disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to T cell dysfunction, both in aging and chronic infections and diseases. Mitochondrial perturbations can disrupt cellular metabolism, enhance oxidative stress, and impair T-cell signaling and effector functions. This study examined the impact of mitochondrial transplantation (mito-transfer) on CD4+ T cell differentiation and function using aged mouse models and human CD4+ T cells from elderly individuals. Our study revealed that mito-transfer in naïve CD4+ T cells promoted the generation of protective effector and memory CD4+ T cells during M.tb infection in mice. Further, mito-transfer enhanced the function of elderly human T cells by increasing their mitochondrial mass and modulating cytokine production, which in turn reduced exhaustion and senescence cell markers. Our results suggest that mito-transfer could be a novel strategy to reestablish aged CD4+ T cell function, potentially improving immune responses in the elderly and chronic TB patients, with a broader implication for other diseases where mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to T cell exhaustion and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colwyn A. Headley
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Angelica Olmo-Fontanez
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Varun Dwivedi
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Alyssa Schami
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Susan Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, UT health San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Philip S. Tsao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Internaltional Center for the Advancement of Research & Education (I•CARE), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Joanne Turner
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
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19
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Zaccai S, Nemirovsky A, Lerner L, Alfahel L, Eremenko E, Israelson A, Monsonego A. CD4 T-cell aging exacerbates neuroinflammation in a late-onset mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:17. [PMID: 38212835 PMCID: PMC10782641 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-03007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Accumulating evidence suggests that ALS is not solely a neuronal cell- or brain tissue-autonomous disease and that neuroinflammation plays a key role in disease progression. Furthermore, whereas both CD4 and CD8 T cells were observed in spinal cords of ALS patients and in mouse models of the disease, their role in the neuroinflammatory process, especially considering their functional changes with age, is not fully explored. In this study, we revealed the structure of the CD4 T-cell compartment during disease progression of early-onset SOD1G93A and late-onset SOD1G37R mouse models of ALS. We show age-related changes in the CD4 T-cell subset organization between these mutant SOD1 mouse models towards increased frequency of effector T cells in spleens of SOD1G37R mice and robust infiltration of CD4 T cells expressing activation markers and the checkpoint molecule PD1 into the spinal cord. The frequency of infiltrating CD4 T cells correlated with the frequency of infiltrating CD8 T cells which displayed a more exhausted phenotype. Moreover, RNA-Seq and immunohistochemistry analyses of spinal cords from SOD1G37R mice with early clinical symptoms demonstrated immunological trajectories reminiscent of a neurotoxic inflammatory response which involved proinflammatory T cells and antigen presentation related pathways. Overall, our findings suggest that age-related changes of the CD4 T cell landscape is indicative of a chronic inflammatory response, which aggravates the disease process and can be therapeutically targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shir Zaccai
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences and The School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Anna Nemirovsky
- The Shraga Segal Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and The School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Livnat Lerner
- The Shraga Segal Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and The School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Leenor Alfahel
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences and The School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ekaterina Eremenko
- The Shraga Segal Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and The School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Adrian Israelson
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences and The School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Alon Monsonego
- The Shraga Segal Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences and The School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel.
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20
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Markov NS, Ren Z, Senkow KJ, Grant RA, Gao CA, Malsin ES, Sichizya L, Kihshen H, Helmin KA, Jovisic M, Arnold JM, Pérez-Leonor XG, Abdala-Valencia H, Swaminathan S, Nwaezeapu J, Kang M, Rasmussen L, Ozer EA, Lorenzo-Redondo R, Hultquist JF, Simons LM, Rios-Guzman E, Misharin AV, Wunderink RG, Budinger GS, Singer BD, Morales-Nebreda L. A distinctive evolution of alveolar T cell responses is associated with clinical outcomes in unvaccinated patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.13.571479. [PMID: 38168346 PMCID: PMC10760069 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.13.571479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Pathogen clearance and resolution of inflammation in patients with pneumonia require an effective local T cell response. Nevertheless, local T cell activation may drive lung injury, particularly during prolonged episodes of respiratory failure characteristic of severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. While T cell responses in the peripheral blood are well described, the evolution of T cell phenotypes and molecular signatures in the distal lung of patients with severe pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 or other pathogens is understudied. Accordingly, we serially obtained 432 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from 273 patients with severe pneumonia and respiratory failure, including 74 unvaccinated patients with COVID-19, and performed flow cytometry, transcriptional, and T cell receptor profiling on sorted CD8+ and CD4+ T cell subsets. In patients with COVID-19 but not pneumonia secondary to other pathogens, we found that early and persistent enrichment in CD8+ and CD4+ T cell subsets correlated with survival to hospital discharge. Activation of interferon signaling pathways early after intubation for COVID-19 was associated with favorable outcomes, while activation of NF-κB-driven programs late in disease was associated with poor outcomes. Patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia whose alveolar T cells preferentially targeted the Spike and Nucleocapsid proteins tended to experience more favorable outcomes than patients whose T cells predominantly targeted the ORF1ab polyprotein complex. These results suggest that in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, alveolar T cell interferon responses targeting structural SARS-CoV-2 proteins characterize patients who recover, yet these responses progress to NF-κB activation against non-structural proteins in patients who go on to experience poor clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay S. Markov
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Ziyou Ren
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Karolina J. Senkow
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Rogan A. Grant
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Catherine A. Gao
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Elizabeth S. Malsin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Lango Sichizya
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Hermon Kihshen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Kathryn A. Helmin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Milica Jovisic
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Jason M. Arnold
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | | | - Hiam Abdala-Valencia
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Suchitra Swaminathan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Julu Nwaezeapu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Mengjia Kang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Luke Rasmussen
- Division of Health and Biomedical Informatics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Egon A. Ozer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Judd F. Hultquist
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Lacy M. Simons
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Estefany Rios-Guzman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Center for Pathogen Genomics and Microbial Evolution, Institute for Global Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Alexander V. Misharin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Richard G. Wunderink
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - G.R. Scott Budinger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Benjamin D. Singer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Luisa Morales-Nebreda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
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21
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Yang J, Liu HC, Zhang JQ, Zou JY, Zhang X, Chen WM, Gu Y, Hong H. The effect of metformin on senescence of T lymphocytes. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:73. [PMID: 38087369 PMCID: PMC10714529 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00394-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunosenescence occurs as people age, leading to an increased incidence of age-related diseases. The number of senescent T cells also rises with age. T cell senescence and immune response dysfunction can result in a decline in immune function, especially in anti-tumor immune responses. Metformin has been shown to have various beneficial effects on health, such as lowering blood sugar levels, reducing the risk of cancer development, and slowing down the aging process. However, the immunomodulatory effects of metformin on senescent T cells still need to be investigated. METHODS PBMCs isolation from different age population (n = 88); Flow Cytometry is applied to determine the phenotypic characterization of senescent T lymphocytes; intracellular staining is applied to determine the function of senescent T cells; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is employed to test the telomerase concentration. The RNA-seq analysis of gene expression associated with T cell senescence. RESULTS The middle-aged group had the highest proportion of senescent T cells. We found that metformin could decrease the number of CD8 + senescent T cells. Metformin affects the secretion of SASP, inhibiting the secretion of IFN-γ in CD8 + senescent T cells. Furthermore, metformin treatment restrained the production of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 in lymphocytes. Metformin had minimal effects on Granzyme B secretion in senescent T cells, but it promoted the production of TNF-α in senescent T cells. Additionally, metformin increased the concentration of telomerase and the frequency of undifferentiated T cells. The results of RNA-seq showed that metformin promoted the expression of genes related to stemness and telomerase activity, while inhibiting the expression of DNA damage-associated genes. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal that metformin could inhibit T cell senescence in terms of cell number, effector function, telomerase content and gene expression in middle-aged individuals, which may serve as a promising approach for preventing age-related diseases in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhong Shan Two Road, Guang Zhou, 510000, Guang Dong, China
| | - Hai-Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Sun Yat-Sen University, Ministry of Education, The Institute of Immunology of Zhong Shan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.74 Zhong Shan Two Road, Guang Zhou, Guang Dong, 510000, China
| | - Jian-Qing Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhong Shan Two Road, Guang Zhou, 510000, Guang Dong, China
| | - Jian-Yong Zou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhong Shan Two Road, Guang Zhou, 510000, Guang Dong, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhong Shan Two Road, Guang Zhou, 510000, Guang Dong, China
| | - Wo-Ming Chen
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yan Jiang West Road, Guang Zhou, 510120, China
| | - Yong Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No.58 Zhong Shan Two Road, Guang Zhou, 510000, Guang Dong, China.
| | - Hai Hong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Sun Yat-Sen University, Ministry of Education, The Institute of Immunology of Zhong Shan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.74 Zhong Shan Two Road, Guang Zhou, Guang Dong, 510000, China.
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22
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Fu Z, Xu H, Yue L, Zheng W, Pan L, Gao F, Liu X. Immunosenescence and cancer: Opportunities and challenges. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36045. [PMID: 38013358 PMCID: PMC10681516 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As individuals age, cancer becomes increasingly common. This continually rising risk can be attributed to various interconnected factors that influence the body's susceptibility to cancer. Among these factors, the accumulation of senescent cells in tissues and the subsequent decline in immune cell function and proliferative potential are collectively referred to as immunosenescence. Reduced T-cell production, changes in secretory phenotypes, increased glycolysis, and the generation of reactive oxygen species are characteristics of immunosenescence that contribute to cancer susceptibility. In the tumor microenvironment, senescent immune cells may promote the growth and spread of tumors through multiple pathways, thereby affecting the effectiveness of immunotherapy. In recent years, immunosenescence has gained increasing attention due to its critical role in tumor development. However, our understanding of how immunosenescence specifically impacts cancer immunotherapy remains limited, primarily due to the underrepresentation of elderly patients in clinical trials. Furthermore, there are several age-related intervention methods, including metformin and rapamycin, which involve genetic and pharmaceutical approaches. This article aims to elucidate the defining characteristics of immunosenescence and its impact on malignant tumors and immunotherapy. We particularly focus on the future directions of cancer treatment, exploring the complex interplay between immunosenescence, cancer, and potential interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Fu
- Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Hailong Xu
- Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Lanping Yue
- Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Linkang Pan
- Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Fangyi Gao
- Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xingshan Liu
- Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, Shandong, China
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23
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Ylescupidez A, Bahnson HT, O'Rourke C, Lord S, Speake C, Greenbaum CJ. A standardized metric to enhance clinical trial design and outcome interpretation in type 1 diabetes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7214. [PMID: 37940642 PMCID: PMC10632453 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42581-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of a standardized outcome metric enhances clinical trial interpretation and cross-trial comparison. If a disease course is predictable, comparing modeled predictions with outcome data affords the precision and confidence needed to accelerate precision medicine. We demonstrate this approach in type 1 diabetes (T1D) trials aiming to preserve endogenous insulin secretion measured by C-peptide. C-peptide is predictable given an individual's age and baseline value; quantitative response (QR) adjusts for these variables and represents the difference between the observed and predicted outcome. Validated across 13 trials, the QR metric reduces each trial's variance and increases statistical power. As smaller studies are especially subject to random sampling variability, using QR as the outcome introduces alternative interpretations of previous clinical trial results. QR can provide model-based estimates that quantify whether individuals or groups did better or worse than expected. QR also provides a purer metric to associate with biomarker measurements. Using data from more than 1300 participants, we demonstrate the value of QR in advancing disease-modifying therapy in T1D. QR applies to any disease where outcome is predictable by pre-specified baseline covariates, rendering it useful for defining responders to therapy, comparing therapeutic efficacy, and understanding causal pathways in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Ylescupidez
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Henry T Bahnson
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Colin O'Rourke
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sandra Lord
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cate Speake
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Carla J Greenbaum
- Center for Interventional Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Zhu L, Tang Z, Hu R, Gu M, Yang Y. Ageing and Inflammation: What Happens in Periodontium? Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1274. [PMID: 38002398 PMCID: PMC10669535 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with a high incidence and severity in the elderly population, making it a significant public health concern. Ageing is a primary risk factor for the development of periodontitis, exacerbating alveolar bone loss and leading to tooth loss in the geriatric population. Despite extensive research, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between ageing and periodontitis remain elusive. Understanding the intricate mechanisms that connect ageing and inflammation may help reveal new therapeutic targets and provide valuable options to tackle the challenges encountered by the rapidly expanding global ageing population. In this review, we highlight the latest scientific breakthroughs in the pathways by which inflammaging mediates the decline in periodontal function and triggers the onset of periodontitis. We also provide a comprehensive overview of the latest findings and discuss potential avenues for future research in this critical area of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yanqi Yang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (L.Z.); (Z.T.); (R.H.); (M.G.)
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25
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Sitnikova SI, Walker JA, Prickett LB, Morrow M, Valge-Archer VE, Robinson MJ, Wilkinson RW, Dovedi SJ. Age-induced changes in anti-tumor immunity alter the tumor immune infiltrate and impact response to immuno-oncology treatments. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1258291. [PMID: 37920465 PMCID: PMC10618668 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1258291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Immuno-oncology (IO) research relies heavily on murine syngeneic tumor models. However, whilst the average age for a cancer diagnosis is 60 years or older, for practical purposes the majority of preclinical studies are conducted in young mice, despite the fact that ageing has been shown to have a significant impact on the immune response. Methods Using aged (60-72 weeks old) mice bearing CT26 tumors, we investigated the impact of ageing on tumor growth as well as the immune composition of the tumor and peripheral lymphoid organs. Results We found many differences in the immune cell composition of both the tumor and tumor-draining lymph node between aged and young mice, such as a reduction in the naïve T cell population and a decreased intratumoral CD8/Treg ratio in aged animals. We hypothesized that these differences may contribute to impaired anti-cancer immune responses in aged mice and therefore assessed the anti-tumor efficacy of different IO therapies in aged mice, including both co-stimulation (using an anti-OX40 antibody) and immune checkpoint blockade (using anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies). Whilst aged mice retained the capacity to generate anti-tumor immune responses, these were significantly attenuated when compared to the responses observed in young mice. Discussion These differences highlight the importance of age-related immunological changes in assessing and refining the translational insights gained from preclinical mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura B. Prickett
- Early Oncology Bioscience, Research & Development (R&D), AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, United States
| | - Michelle Morrow
- Early Oncology Discovery, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Simon J. Dovedi
- Early Oncology Discovery, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Mika J, Yoshida K, Kusunoki Y, Candéias SM, Polanska J. Sex- and age-specific aspects of human peripheral T-cell dynamics. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224304. [PMID: 37901211 PMCID: PMC10613070 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The diversity of the antigenic T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire clonally expressed on T lymphocytes is a key element of the adaptive immune system protective functions. A decline in diversity in the older adults is associated with health deterioration. This diversity is generated by the rearrangement of TRB genes coding for TCR chains during lymphocyte differentiation in the thymus, but is essentially maintained by peripheral T lymphocytes proliferation for most of life. Deep sequencing of rearranged TRB genes from blood cells allows the monitoring of peripheral T cell repertoire dynamics. We analysed two aspects of rearranged TRB diversity, related to T lymphocyte proliferation and to the distribution of the T cell clone size, in a collection of repertoires obtained from 1 to 74 years-old donors. Results Our results show that peripheral T lymphocytes expansion differs according to the recombination status of their TRB loci. Their proliferation rate changes with age, with different patterns in men and women. T cell clone size becomes more heterogeneous with time, and, in adults, is always more even in women. Importantly, a longitudinal analysis of TRB repertoires obtained at ten years intervals from individual men and women confirms the findings of this cross-sectional study. Conclusions Peripheral T lymphocyte proliferation partially depends on their thymic developmental history. The rate of proliferation of T cells differing in their TRB rearrangement status is different in men and women before the age of 18 years old, but similar thereafter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Mika
- Department of Data Science and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Kengo Yoshida
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kusunoki
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Serge M. Candéias
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble (IRIG), Laboratory of Chemistry and Biology of Metals (LCBM), Grenoble, France
| | - Joanna Polanska
- Department of Data Science and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
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Khadri L, Ziraksaz MH, Barekzai AB, Ghauri B. T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 202:183-217. [PMID: 38237986 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
This chapter provides a comprehensive analysis of T cell responses in COVID-19, focusing on T cell differentiation, specificity, and functional characteristics during SARS-CoV-2 infection. The differentiation of T cells in COVID-19 is explored, highlighting the key factors that influence T cell fate and effector functions. The immunology of the spike protein, a critical component of SARS-CoV-2, is discussed in detail, emphasizing its role in driving T-cell responses. The cellular immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 during acute infection are examined, including the specificity, phenotype, and functional attributes of SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses. Furthermore, the chapter explores T-cell cross-recognition against other human coronaviruses (HCoVs) and the mechanisms of immune regulation mediated by spike proteins. This includes the induction of regulation through the innate immune system, the activation of self-spike protein-cross-reactive regulatory T cells, and the impact of self-tolerance on the regulation of spike proteins. The chapter investigates T cell responses to self-spike proteins and their implications in disease. The role of spike proteins as immunological targets in the context of COVID-19 is examined, shedding light on potential therapeutic interventions and clinical trials in autoimmune diseases. In conclusion, this chapter provides a comprehensive understanding of T cell responses in COVID-19, highlighting their differentiation, immune regulation, and clinical implications. This knowledge contributes to the development of targeted immunotherapies, vaccine strategies, and diagnostic approaches for COVID-19 and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laiqha Khadri
- Department of Biotechnology, Immune Inspired, Bangalore.
| | | | | | - Baber Ghauri
- Department of Biotechnology, Immune Inspired, Bangalore
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Jeyalan V, Austin D, Loh SX, Wangsaputra VK, Spyridopoulos I. Fractalkine/CX 3CR1 in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Potential Future Target for Immunomodulatory Therapy? Cells 2023; 12:2377. [PMID: 37830591 PMCID: PMC10571889 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a cardiac condition with structural and functional impairment, where either the left ventricle or both ventricular chambers are enlarged, coinciding with reduced systolic pump function (reduced ejection fraction, rEF). The prevalence of DCM is more than 1:250 individuals, and mortality largely due to heart failure in two-third of cases, and sudden cardiac death in one-third of patients. Damage to the myocardium, whether from a genetic or environmental cause such as viruses, triggers inflammation and recruits immune cells to the heart to repair the myocardium. Examination of myocardial biopsy tissue often reveals an inflammatory cell infiltrate, T lymphocyte (T cell) infiltration, or other activated immune cells. Despite medical therapy, adverse outcomes for DCM remain. The evidence base and existing literature suggest that upregulation of CX3CR1, migration of immune cells, together with cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity is associated with worse outcomes in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. We hypothesise that this potentially occurs through cardiac inflammation and fibrosis, resulting in adverse remodelling. Immune modulators to target this pathway may potentially improve outcomes above and beyond current guideline-recommended therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Visvesh Jeyalan
- Academic Cardiovascular Unit, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, UK; (V.J.); (D.A.)
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK;
| | - David Austin
- Academic Cardiovascular Unit, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, UK; (V.J.); (D.A.)
- Population Health Science Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Shu Xian Loh
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK;
| | - Vincent Kharisma Wangsaputra
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK;
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Central Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Ioakim Spyridopoulos
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK;
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK;
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Paciorek M, Bieńkowski C, Kowalska JD, Skrzat-Klapaczyńska A, Bednarska A, Krogulec D, Cholewińska G, Kowalski J, Podlasin R, Ropelewska-Łącka K, Wasilewski P, Boros PW, Martusiewicz-Boros MM, Pulik P, Pihowicz A, Horban A. Hospital Admission Factors Independently Affecting the Risk of Mortality of COVID-19 Patients. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6264. [PMID: 37834907 PMCID: PMC10573469 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 is a disease characterized by high in-hospital mortality, which seems to be dependent on many predisposing factors. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical symptoms, abnormalities in the results of laboratory tests, and coexisting chronic diseases that independently affected the risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed the records of patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized from 6 March 2020 to 30 November 2021. RESULTS Out of the entire group of 2138 patients who were analyzed, 12.82% died during hospitalization. In-hospital mortality was independently associated with older age (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.20-1.97); lower arterial blood oxygen saturation (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92-0.99); the presence of a neoplasm (OR 4.45, 95% CI 2.01-9.62), a stomach ulcer (OR 3.35, 95% CI 0.94-11.31), and dementia (OR 3.40, 95% CI 1.36-8.26); a higher score on the SOFA scale (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.52-1.99); higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.05-1.12); higher N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT pro BNP) (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.11); and lower total bilirubin in blood concentration (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.90-0.99). CONCLUSIONS We found that low oxygen saturation, old age, and the coexistence of cancer, gastric ulcers, and dementia syndrome were variables that independently increased mortality during hospitalization due to COVID-19. Moreover, we found that decreased platelet count and bilirubin concentration and increased levels of LDH and NT-proBNP were laboratory test results that independently indicated a higher risk of mortality. We also confirmed the usefulness of the SOFA scale in predicting treatment results. The ability to identify mortality risk factors on admission to hospital will facilitate both adjusting the intensity of treatment and the monitoring of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Paciorek
- Department of Adults’ Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-001 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (J.D.K.); (A.S.-K.); (A.B.); (D.K.); (A.H.)
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; (G.C.); (J.K.); (R.P.); (K.R.-Ł.); (P.W.); (P.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Carlo Bieńkowski
- Department of Adults’ Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-001 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (J.D.K.); (A.S.-K.); (A.B.); (D.K.); (A.H.)
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; (G.C.); (J.K.); (R.P.); (K.R.-Ł.); (P.W.); (P.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Justyna Dominika Kowalska
- Department of Adults’ Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-001 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (J.D.K.); (A.S.-K.); (A.B.); (D.K.); (A.H.)
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; (G.C.); (J.K.); (R.P.); (K.R.-Ł.); (P.W.); (P.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Agata Skrzat-Klapaczyńska
- Department of Adults’ Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-001 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (J.D.K.); (A.S.-K.); (A.B.); (D.K.); (A.H.)
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; (G.C.); (J.K.); (R.P.); (K.R.-Ł.); (P.W.); (P.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Agnieszka Bednarska
- Department of Adults’ Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-001 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (J.D.K.); (A.S.-K.); (A.B.); (D.K.); (A.H.)
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; (G.C.); (J.K.); (R.P.); (K.R.-Ł.); (P.W.); (P.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Dominika Krogulec
- Department of Adults’ Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-001 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (J.D.K.); (A.S.-K.); (A.B.); (D.K.); (A.H.)
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; (G.C.); (J.K.); (R.P.); (K.R.-Ł.); (P.W.); (P.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Grażyna Cholewińska
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; (G.C.); (J.K.); (R.P.); (K.R.-Ł.); (P.W.); (P.P.); (A.P.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Kowalski
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; (G.C.); (J.K.); (R.P.); (K.R.-Ł.); (P.W.); (P.P.); (A.P.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Regina Podlasin
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; (G.C.); (J.K.); (R.P.); (K.R.-Ł.); (P.W.); (P.P.); (A.P.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ropelewska-Łącka
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; (G.C.); (J.K.); (R.P.); (K.R.-Ł.); (P.W.); (P.P.); (A.P.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Wasilewski
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; (G.C.); (J.K.); (R.P.); (K.R.-Ł.); (P.W.); (P.P.); (A.P.)
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr W. Boros
- Lung Pathophysiology Department, National TB & Lung Diseases Research Institute, 01-138 Warsaw, Poland;
| | | | - Piotr Pulik
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; (G.C.); (J.K.); (R.P.); (K.R.-Ł.); (P.W.); (P.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrzej Pihowicz
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; (G.C.); (J.K.); (R.P.); (K.R.-Ł.); (P.W.); (P.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrzej Horban
- Department of Adults’ Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-001 Warsaw, Poland; (M.P.); (J.D.K.); (A.S.-K.); (A.B.); (D.K.); (A.H.)
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland; (G.C.); (J.K.); (R.P.); (K.R.-Ł.); (P.W.); (P.P.); (A.P.)
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Harper EI, Weeraratna AT. A Wrinkle in TIME: How Changes in the Aging ECM Drive the Remodeling of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1973-1981. [PMID: 37671471 PMCID: PMC10654931 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-0505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY Cancer is an age-related disease, with the majority of patients receiving their diagnosis after the age of 60 and most mortality from cancer occurring after this age. The tumor microenvironment changes drastically with age, which in turn affects cancer progression and treatment efficacy. Age-related changes to individual components of the microenvironment have received well-deserved attention over the past few decades, but the effects of aging at the interface of two or more microenvironmental components have been vastly understudied. In this perspective, we discuss the relationship between the aging extracellular matrix and the aging immune system, how they affect the tumor microenvironment, and how these multidisciplinary studies may open avenues for new therapeutics. Cancer is a disease of aging. With a rapidly aging population, we need to better understand the age-related changes that drive tumor progression, ranging from secreted changes to biophysical and immune changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth I. Harper
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Ashani T. Weeraratna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1650 Orleans Street, Room 485, Baltimore, MD 21205
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Jovisic M, Mambetsariev N, Singer BD, Morales-Nebreda L. Differential roles of regulatory T cells in acute respiratory infections. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170505. [PMID: 37463441 PMCID: PMC10348770 DOI: 10.1172/jci170505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory infections trigger an inflammatory immune response with the goal of pathogen clearance; however, overexuberant inflammation causes tissue damage and impairs pulmonary function. CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) interact with cells of both the innate and the adaptive immune system to limit acute pulmonary inflammation and promote its resolution. Tregs also provide tissue protection and coordinate lung tissue repair, facilitating a return to homeostatic pulmonary function. Here, we review Treg-mediated modulation of the host response to respiratory pathogens, focusing on mechanisms underlying how Tregs promote resolution of inflammation and repair of acute lung injury. We also discuss potential strategies to harness and optimize Tregs as a cellular therapy for patients with severe acute respiratory infection and discuss open questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Jovisic
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science
| | | | - Benjamin D. Singer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, and
- Simpson Querrey Institute for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Luisa Morales-Nebreda
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
- Simpson Querrey Lung Institute for Translational Science
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Wang M, Jiang R, Mohanty S, Meng H, Shaw AC, Kleinstein SH. High-throughput single-cell profiling of B cell responses following inactivated influenza vaccination in young and older adults. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:9250-9274. [PMID: 37367734 PMCID: PMC10564424 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal influenza contributes to a substantial disease burden, resulting in approximately 10 million hospital visits and 50 thousand deaths in a typical year in the United States. 70 - 85% of the mortality occurs in people over the age of 65. Influenza vaccination is the best protection against the virus, but it is less effective for the elderly, which may be in part due to differences in the quantity or type of B cells induced by vaccination. To investigate this possibility, we sorted pre- and post-vaccination peripheral blood B cells from three young and three older adults with strong antibody responses to the inactivated influenza vaccine and employed single-cell technology to simultaneously profile the gene expression and the B cell receptor (BCR) of the B cells. Prior to vaccination, we observed a higher somatic hypermutation frequency and a higher abundance of activated B cells in older adults than in young adults. Following vaccination, young adults mounted a more clonal response than older adults. The expanded clones included a mix of plasmablasts, activated B cells, and resting memory B cells in both age groups, with a decreased proportion of plasmablasts in older adults. Differential abundance analysis identified additional vaccine-responsive cells that were not part of expanded clones, especially in older adults. We observed broadly consistent gene expression changes in vaccine-responsive plasmablasts and greater heterogeneity among activated B cells between age groups. These quantitative and qualitative differences in the B cells provide insights into age-related changes in influenza vaccination response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Ruoyi Jiang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Subhasis Mohanty
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Hailong Meng
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Albert C. Shaw
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Steven H. Kleinstein
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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von Gerichten J, West AL, Irvine NA, Miles EA, Calder PC, Lillycrop KA, Burdge GC, Fielding BA. Oxylipin secretion by human CD3 + T lymphocytes in vitro is modified by the exogenous essential fatty acid ratio and life stage. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1206733. [PMID: 37388745 PMCID: PMC10300345 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune function changes across the life stages; for example, senior adults exhibit a tendency towards a weaker cell-mediated immune response and a stronger inflammatory response than younger adults. This might be partly mediated by changes in oxylipin synthesis across the life course. Oxylipins are oxidation products of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that modulate immune function and inflammation. A number of PUFAs are precursors to oxylipins, including the essential fatty acids (EFAs) linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA). LA and ALA are also substrates for synthesis of longer chain PUFAs. Studies with stable isotopes have shown that the relative amounts of LA and ALA can influence their partitioning by T lymphocytes between conversion to longer chain PUFAs and to oxylipins. It is not known whether the relative availability of EFA substrates influences the overall pattern of oxylipin secretion by human T cells or if this changes across the life stages. To address this, the oxylipin profile was determined in supernatants from resting and mitogen activated human CD3+ T cell cultures incubated in medium containing an EFA ratio of either 5:1 or 8:1 (LA : ALA). Furthermore, oxylipin profiles in supernatants of T cells from three life stages, namely fetal (derived from umbilical cord blood), adults and seniors, treated with the 5:1 EFA ratio were determined. The extracellular oxylipin profiles were affected more by the EFA ratio than mitogen stimulation such that n-3 PUFA-derived oxylipin concentrations were higher with the 5:1 EFA ratio than the 8:1 ratio, possibly due to PUFA precursor competition for lipoxygenases. 47 oxylipin species were measured in all cell culture supernatants. Extracellular oxylipin concentrations were generally higher for fetal T cells than for T cells from adult and senior donors, although the composition of oxylipins was similar across the life stages. The contribution of oxylipins towards an immunological phenotype might be due to the capacity of T cells to synthesize oxylipins rather than the nature of the oxylipins produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna von Gerichten
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Annette L. West
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola A. Irvine
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth A. Miles
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Philip C. Calder
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Karen A. Lillycrop
- Centre for Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Graham C. Burdge
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, Hampshire, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara A. Fielding
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
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Iriki H, Mukai M, Asahina Y, Kubo Y, Ito H, Amagai M, Takahashi H. Attenuation of OX40 signaling suppression by age disrupts peripheral deletion of CD4 + T cells specific for the epidermal autoantigen desmoglein 3. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:26. [PMID: 37308897 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Various autoimmune responses increase with age, but the underlying mechanism is not clear. In this study, we used CD4+ T cells expressing a transgenic T cell receptor specific for desmoglein 3 (Dsg3), which is the target antigen of the autoimmune bullous disease pemphigus vulgaris, to examine how peripheral immunological tolerance against pathogenic autoreactive CD4+ T cells changes with age. Dsg3-specific T cells were deleted within 14 days after adoptive transfer into young mice (8 weeks old), while they escaped deletion when transferred into older mice over 42 weeks old. Dsg3-specific T cells produced higher levels of the proinflammatory cytokine IFN-γ in aged mice than in young mice. In addition, the expression levels of both OX40 and Birc5, which are important for cell survival in T cell clonal proliferation, were higher in aged than in young mice. The dysfunction in suppressing proinflammatory cytokine secretion and Birc5 upregulation in Dsg3-specific autoreactive T cells may reflect an aspect of the preliminary steps in autoimmune disease development in the aged population. Understanding this mechanism may lead to better risk evaluation of autoimmune disease development and to onset prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisato Iriki
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Miho Mukai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Asahina
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoko Kubo
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masayuki Amagai
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
- Laboratory for Skin Homeostasis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-Cho, Tsurumi-Ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hayato Takahashi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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Vavilova JD, Ustiuzhanina MO, Boyko AA, Streltsova MA, Kust SA, Kanevskiy LM, Iskhakov RN, Sapozhnikov AM, Gubernatorova EO, Drutskaya MS, Bychinin MV, Novikova ON, Sotnikova AG, Yusubalieva GM, Baklaushev VP, Kovalenko EI. Alterations in the CD56 - and CD56 + T Cell Subsets during COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109047. [PMID: 37240393 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of the antiviral immune response largely depends on the activation of cytotoxic T cells. The heterogeneous group of functionally active T cells expressing the CD56 molecule (NKT-like cells), that combines the properties of T lymphocytes and NK cells, is poorly studied in COVID-19. This work aimed to analyze the activation and differentiation of both circulating NKT-like cells and CD56- T cells during COVID-19 among intensive care unit (ICU) patients, moderate severity (MS) patients, and convalescents. A decreased proportion of CD56+ T cells was found in ICU patients with fatal outcome. Severe COVID-19 was accompanied by a decrease in the proportion of CD8+ T cells, mainly due to the CD56- cell death, and a redistribution of the NKT-like cell subset composition with a predominance of more differentiated cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. The differentiation process was accompanied by an increase in the proportions of KIR2DL2/3+ and NKp30+ cells in the CD56+ T cell subset of COVID-19 patients and convalescents. Decreased percentages of NKG2D+ and NKG2A+ cells and increased PD-1 and HLA-DR expression levels were found in both CD56- and CD56+ T cells, and can be considered as indicators of COVID-19 progression. In the CD56- T cell fraction, increased CD16 levels were observed in MS patients and in ICU patients with lethal outcome, suggesting a negative role for CD56-CD16+ T cells in COVID-19. Overall, our findings suggest an antiviral role of CD56+ T cells in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia D Vavilova
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria O Ustiuzhanina
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna A Boyko
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A Streltsova
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sofya A Kust
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Leonid M Kanevskiy
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Rustam N Iskhakov
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander M Sapozhnikov
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina O Gubernatorova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina S Drutskaya
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Division of Immunobiology and Biomedicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius, Krasnodarsky Krai, 354349 Sochi, Russia
| | - Mikhail V Bychinin
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies FMBA of Russia, 115682 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana N Novikova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies FMBA of Russia, 115682 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna G Sotnikova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies FMBA of Russia, 115682 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gaukhar M Yusubalieva
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies FMBA of Russia, 115682 Moscow, Russia
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir P Baklaushev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies FMBA of Russia, 115682 Moscow, Russia
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena I Kovalenko
- Shemyakin & Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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36
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Boßlau TK, Wasserfurth P, Reichel T, Weyh C, Palmowski J, Nebl J, Joisten N, Belen S, Schenk A, Hahn A, Zimmer P, Krüger K. 12-week combined strength and endurance exercise attenuates CD8 + T-cell differentiation and affects the kynurenine pathway in the elderly: a randomized controlled trial. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:19. [PMID: 37161540 PMCID: PMC10169370 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00347-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related accumulation of highly differentiated CD8+ effector memory re-expressing CD45RA (EMRA) T-cells and disruption of the kynurenine (KYN) pathway are associated with chronic inflammation and the development of insulin resistance. In this study the aim was to investigate the effects of 12-week combined strength and endurance exercise on CD8+ T-cell differentiation and KYN pathway metabolites. Ninety-six elderly subjects (f/m, aged 50-70) were randomized to a control (CON) or exercise (EX) group. The EX group completed combined strength and endurance training twice weekly for one hour each time at an intensity of 60% of the one-repetition maximum for strength exercises and a perceived exertion of 15/20 for endurance exercises. The EX group was also randomly subdivided into two groups with or without a concomitant balanced diet intervention in order to examine additional effects besides exercise alone. Before and after the intervention phase, the proportions of CD8+ T-cell subsets and levels of KYN pathway metabolites in peripheral blood were determined. RESULTS The CD8+ EMRA T-cell subsets increased in the CON group but remained almost unchanged in the EX group (p = .02). Plasma levels of kynurenic acid (KA) increased in the EX group and decreased in the CON group (p = .03). Concomitant nutritional intervention resulted in lower levels of quinolinic acid (QA) compared with exercise alone (p = .03). Overall, there was a slight increase in the QA/KA ratio in the CON group, whereas it decreased in the EX group (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS Combined strength and endurance training seems to be a suitable approach to attenuate CD8+ T-cell differentiation in the elderly and to redirect the KYN pathway towards KA. The clinical relevance of these effects needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Konstantin Boßlau
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Paulina Wasserfurth
- Department of Exercise, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University Munich, Connollystraße 32, 80809, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Reichel
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christopher Weyh
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jana Palmowski
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394, Giessen, Germany
| | - Josefine Nebl
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hanover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30159, Hannover, Germany
| | - Niklas Joisten
- Division of Performance and Health, Institute for Sport and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 3, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sergen Belen
- Division of Performance and Health, Institute for Sport and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 3, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Alexander Schenk
- Division of Performance and Health, Institute for Sport and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 3, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hanover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30159, Hannover, Germany
| | - Philipp Zimmer
- Division of Performance and Health, Institute for Sport and Sport Science, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 3, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Karsten Krüger
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Institute of Sports Science, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394, Giessen, Germany
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37
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Jin J, Mu Y, Zhang H, Sturmlechner I, Wang C, Jadhav RR, Xia Q, Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ. CISH impairs lysosomal function in activated T cells resulting in mitochondrial DNA release and inflammaging. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:600-616. [PMID: 37118554 PMCID: PMC10388378 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00399-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Chronic systemic inflammation is one of the hallmarks of the aging immune system. Here we show that activated T cells from older adults contribute to inflammaging by releasing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into their environment due to an increased expression of the cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CISH). CISH targets ATP6V1A, an essential component of the proton pump V-ATPase, for proteasomal degradation, thereby impairing lysosomal function. Impaired lysosomal activity caused intracellular accumulation of multivesicular bodies and amphisomes and the export of their cargos, including mtDNA. CISH silencing in T cells from older adults restored lysosomal activity and prevented amphisomal release. In antigen-specific responses in vivo, CISH-deficient CD4+ T cells released less mtDNA and induced fewer inflammatory cytokines. Attenuating CISH expression may present a promising strategy to reduce inflammation in an immune response of older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jin
- Multiscale Research Institute for Complex Systems, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Yunmei Mu
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Chenyao Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rohit R Jadhav
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Qiong Xia
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Cornelia M Weyand
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jorg J Goronzy
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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38
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Fang Y, Doyle MF, Chen J, Mez J, Satizabal CL, Alosco ML, Qiu WQ, Lunetta KL, Murabito JM. Circulating immune cell phenotypes are associated with age, sex, CMV, and smoking status in the Framingham Heart Study offspring participants. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:3939-3966. [PMID: 37116193 PMCID: PMC10258017 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the composition of circulating immune cells with aging and the underlying biologic mechanisms driving aging may provide molecular targets to slow the aging process and reduce age-related disease. Utilizing cryopreserved cells from 996 Framingham Heart Study (FHS) Offspring Cohort participants aged 40 and older (mean 62 years, 48% female), we report on 116 immune cell phenotypes including monocytes, T-, B-, and NK cells and their subtypes, across age groups, sex, cytomegalovirus (CMV) exposure groups, smoking and other cardiovascular risk factors. The major cellular differences with CMV exposure were higher Granzyme B+ cells, effector cells, and effector-memory re-expressing CD45RA (TEMRA) cells for both CD4+ and CD8+. Older age was associated with lower CD3+ T cells, lower naïve cells and naïve/memory ratios for CD4+ and CD8+. We identified many immune cell differences by sex, with males showing lower naïve cells and higher effector and effector memory cells. Current smokers showed lower pro-inflammatory CD8 cells, higher CD8 regulatory type cells and altered B cell subsets. No significant associations were seen with BMI and other cardiovascular risk factors. Our cross-sectional observations of immune cell phenotypes provide a reference to further the understanding of the complexity of immune cells in blood, an easily accessible tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Margaret F. Doyle
- University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Jiachen Chen
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jesse Mez
- Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Claudia L. Satizabal
- Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Michael L. Alosco
- Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Wei Qiao Qiu
- Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Kathryn L. Lunetta
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Joanne M. Murabito
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Boston Medical Center, Department of Adult Primary Care, Boston, MA 02119, USA
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39
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Anczuków O, Airhart S, Chuang JH, Coussens LM, Kuchel GA, Korstanje R, Li S, Lucido AL, McAllister SS, Politi K, Polyak K, Ratliff T, Ren G, Trowbridge JJ, Ucar D, Palucka K. Challenges and opportunities for modeling aging and cancer. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:641-645. [PMID: 37001528 PMCID: PMC10185379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Age is among the main risk factors for cancer, and any cancer study in adults is faced with an aging tissue and organism. Yet, pre-clinical studies are carried out using young mice and are not able to address the impact of aging and associated comorbidities on disease biology and treatment outcomes. Here, we discuss the limitations of current mouse cancer models and suggest strategies for developing novel models to address these major gaps in knowledge and experimental approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Anczuków
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.
| | - Susie Airhart
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Chuang
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Lisa M Coussens
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - George A Kuchel
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ron Korstanje
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | - Sheng Li
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Anna Lisa Lucido
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sandra S McAllister
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katerina Politi
- Departments of Pathology, and Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kornelia Polyak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; The Ludwig Center at Harvard, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Timothy Ratliff
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Gary Ren
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
| | | | - Duygu Ucar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Karolina Palucka
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.
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Thomas AL, Wayman JA, Almanan M, Bejjani AT, Miraldi ER, Chougnet CA, Hildeman DA. Elevated CD153 Expression on Aged T Follicular Helper Cells is Vital for B cell Responses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.17.533214. [PMID: 36993647 PMCID: PMC10055293 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.17.533214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Our recent data showed that an aberrant IL-10-producing T follicular helper population (Tfh10) accumulates dramatically with age and is associated with age-related declines in vaccine responsiveness. Through single cell gene expression and chromatin accessibility analysis of IL-10+ and IL-10- memory CD4+ T cells from young and aged mice, we identified increased expression of CD153 on aged Tfh and Tfh10 cells. Mechanistically, we linked inflammaging (increased IL-6 levels) to elevated CD153 expression of Tfh cells through c-Maf. Surprisingly, blockade of CD153 in aged mice significantly reduced their vaccine-driven antibody response, which was associated with decreased expression of ICOS on antigen-specific Tfh cells. Combined, these data show that an IL-6/c-Maf/CD153 circuit is critical for maintaining ICOS expression. Thus, although overall Tfh-mediated B cell responses are reduced in the context of vaccines and aging, our data suggest that elevated expression of CD153 on Tfh cells potentiates the remaining Tfh function in aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa L Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Division of Immunobiology of Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Joseph A Wayman
- Division of Immunobiology of Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Maha Almanan
- Division of Immunobiology of Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Anthony T Bejjani
- Division of Immunobiology of Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Emily R Miraldi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Division of Immunobiology of Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Claire A Chougnet
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Division of Immunobiology of Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - David A Hildeman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Division of Immunobiology of Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Immunology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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41
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Wayman JA, Thomas A, Bejjani A, Katko A, Almanan M, Godarova A, Korinfskaya S, Cazares TA, Yukawa M, Kottyan LC, Barski A, Chougnet CA, Hildeman DA, Miraldi ER. An atlas of gene regulatory networks for memory CD4 + T cells in youth and old age. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.07.531590. [PMID: 36945549 PMCID: PMC10028906 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.07.531590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Aging profoundly affects immune-system function, promoting susceptibility to pathogens, cancers and chronic inflammation. We previously identified a population of IL-10-producing, T follicular helper-like cells (" Tfh10 "), linked to suppressed vaccine responses in aged mice. Here, we integrate single-cell ( sc )RNA-seq, scATAC-seq and genome-scale modeling to characterize Tfh10 - and the full CD4 + memory T cell ( CD4 + TM ) compartment - in young and old mice. We identified 13 CD4 + TM populations, which we validated through cross-comparison to prior scRNA-seq studies. We built gene regulatory networks ( GRNs ) that predict transcription-factor control of gene expression in each T-cell population and how these circuits change with age. Through integration with pan-cell aging atlases, we identified intercellular-signaling networks driving age-dependent changes in CD4 + TM. Our atlas of finely resolved CD4 + TM subsets, GRNs and cell-cell communication networks is a comprehensive resource of predicted regulatory mechanisms operative in memory T cells, presenting new opportunities to improve immune responses in the elderly.
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42
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Yan J, Wang J, Ding L, Liu S, Zhan Y, Lu J, Li Z, Gu L, Li P, Zhu M, Gao Y, Gong X, Ban H, Cai H, Mou S. Adaptive immune dysfunction in patients with COVID-19 and impaired kidney function during the omicron surge. Clin Immunol 2023; 248:109271. [PMID: 36806705 PMCID: PMC9938757 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the characteristics of lymphocyte subsets and the association with patient outcomes in COVID-19 with and without impaired kidney function. METHODS Lymphocyte subsets were compared in COVID-19 patients with or without kidney dysfunction. The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality or intensive care unit admission. Secondary outcomes included duration of viral shedding, length of hospital stay, and acute kidney injury. RESULTS Lymphocyte subset cell counts demonstrated the lowest in patients with severe/critical COVID-19 and kidney dysfunction. Among all lymphocyte subset parameters, Th cell count was the most significant indicator for outcomes. ROC of the combined model of Th cell count and eGFR presented better predictive value than that of the other parameters. Th cell count <394.5 cells/μl and eGFR <87.5 ml/min/1·73m2 were independently associated with poor outcomes. The propensity score matching analysis revealed consistent results. CONCLUSIONS Reduced Th cell count and eGFR may be applied as promising predictive indicators for identifying COVID-19 patients with high risk and poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Yan
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China; Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jieying Wang
- Clinical Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Shang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yaping Zhan
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jiayue Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhenyuan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Leyi Gu
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Mingli Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - XingRong Gong
- Department of medical administration, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Haiqun Ban
- Infection management office, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Hong Cai
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Shan Mou
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China; Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China.
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Rodríguez IJ, Bernal-Estévez DA, Llano-León M, Bonilla CE, Parra-López CA. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy modulates exhaustion of T cells in breast cancer patients. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280851. [PMID: 36763585 PMCID: PMC9916600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. It has been observed that the incidence of breast cancer increases linearly with age after 45, which suggest a link between cancer, aging, and senescence. A growing body of evidence indicates that the immunosuppressive tumor network in breast cancer patients can lead to T-cell exhaustion and senescence. Cytotoxic chemotherapy is a common treatment for many cancers, and it is hypothesized that its efficacy may be related to immune activation. However, the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on T-cell dysfunction in breast cancer patients are not fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the expression of exhaustion and senescence markers in T cells in women with breast cancer. Our results showed that T cells from breast cancer patients have a reduced ability to respond to stimulation in-vitro and an increased expression of senescence and exhaustion-associated markers, such as TIM-3, LAG3, and CD57. Furthermore, we found that neoadjuvant chemotherapy has an immunomodulatory effect and reduces the expression of exhaustion markers. Our observations of the immune phenotype of T cells during neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment highlight its ability to stimulate the immune system against cancer. Therefore, monitoring the response of T cells during chemotherapy may enable early prediction of clinical response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivon Johanna Rodríguez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Inmunología y Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Departamento de Movimiento Corporal Humano, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - David A. Bernal-Estévez
- Immunology and Clinical Oncology Research Group (GIIOC), Fundación Salud de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Manuela Llano-León
- Departamento de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Inmunología y Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Carlos Alberto Parra-López
- Departamento de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Inmunología y Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- * E-mail:
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Almeida JS, Casanova JM, Santos-Rosa M, Tarazona R, Solana R, Rodrigues-Santos P. Natural Killer T-like Cells: Immunobiology and Role in Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032743. [PMID: 36769064 PMCID: PMC9917533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
CD56+ T cells are generally recognized as a distinct population of T cells and are categorized as NKT-like cells. Although our understanding of NKT-like cells is far from satisfactory, it has been shown that aging and a number of disease situations have impacted these cells. To construct an overview of what is currently known, we reviewed the literature on human NKT-like cells. NKT-like cells are highly differentiated T cells with "CD1d-independent" antigen recognition and MHC-unrestricted cell killing. The genesis of NKT-like cells is unclear; however, it is proposed that the acquisition of innate characteristics by T cells could represent a remodeling process leading to successful aging. Additionally, it has been shown that NKT-like cells may play a significant role in several pathological conditions, making it necessary to comprehend whether these cells might function as prognostic markers. The quantification and characterization of these cells might serve as a cutting-edge indicator of individual immune health. Additionally, exploring the mechanisms that can control their killing activity in different contexts may therefore result in innovative therapeutic alternatives in a wide range of disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jani-Sofia Almeida
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Immunology and Oncology, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Manuel Casanova
- Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- University Clinic of Orthopedics, Orthopedics Service, Tumor Unit of the Locomotor Apparatus (UTAL), Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Center (CHUC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel Santos-Rosa
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Tarazona
- Immunology Unit, Department of Physiology, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Rafael Solana
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Immunology Unit, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Paulo Rodrigues-Santos
- Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Immunology and Oncology, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center of Investigation in Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Role of T Cells in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Focus on Immunometabolism Dysfunctions. Inflammation 2023; 46:88-102. [PMID: 36215002 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01751-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Evidence demonstrated that metabolic-associated T cell abnormalities could be detected in the early stage of RA development. In this context, molecular evaluations have revealed changes in metabolic pathways, leading to the aggressive phenotype of RA T cells. A growing list of genes is downregulated or upregulated in RA T cells, and most of these genes with abnormal expression fall into the category of metabolic pathways. It has been shown that RA T cells shunt glucose towards the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), which is associated with a high level of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and intermediate molecules. An increased level of NADPH inhibits ATM activation and thereby increases the proliferation capabilities of the RA T cells. Defects in the DNA repair nuclease MRE11A cause failures in repairing mitochondrial DNA, resulting in inhibiting the fatty acid oxidation pathway and further elevated cytoplasmic lipid droplets. Accumulated lipid droplets employ to generate lipid membranes for the cell building program and are also used to form the front-end membrane ruffles that are accomplices with invasive phenotypes of RA T cells. Metabolic pathway involvement in RA pathogenesis expands the pathogenic concept of the disease beyond the common view of autoimmunity triggered by autoantigen recognition. Increased knowledge about metabolic pathways' implications in RA pathogenesis paves the way to understand better the environment/gene interactions and host/microbiota interactions and introduce potential therapeutic approaches. This review summarized emerging data about the roles of T cells in RA pathogenesis with a focus on immunometabolism dysfunctions and how these metabolic alterations can affect the disease process.
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Kashiwagi Y, Suzuki S, Takahashi R, Yamanaka G, Hirai Y, Kawashima H. Association of the Mannose-Binding Lectin 2 BB Genotype with COVID-19-Related Mortality. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020382. [PMID: 36836739 PMCID: PMC9961194 DOI: 10.3390/life13020382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is crucial in first-line immune defenses. There are still many unknown factors regarding the mechanisms causing variability in the clinical course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In Japan, there have been few reports to date regarding the association between MBL and COVID-19. It has been demonstrated that the MBL2 gene B variant at codon 54 (rs1800450) is associated with variabilities in the clinical course of COVID-19. We aimed to investigate how the level of serum MBL and the codon 54 variant of MBL (rs1800450) affect the disease severity of COVID-19. A total of 59 patients from the fourth wave and 49 patients from the fifth wave in Japan were analyzed based on serum MBL levels using ELISA and the genotype of MBL2 codon 54 using PCR reaction. There was no significant association between serum MBL levels and age. MBL2 genotype was independent of age, there was no significant difference in different COVID-19 severities, MBL genotypes, and serum MBL levels. Binary logistic regression analysis to identify predisposing factors for severe COVID-19 symptoms demonstrated that patients with the BB genotype had a higher risk of death from COVID-19. Our results quantitatively demonstrated that the BB genotype might be a factor associated with death from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyo Kashiwagi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-3342-6111; Fax: +81-3-3344-0643
| | - Shinji Suzuki
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Ryo Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Gaku Yamanaka
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yuji Hirai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kawashima
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
- Kohsei Chuo General Hospital, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
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47
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Autophagy of naïve CD4 + T cells in aging - the role of body adiposity and physical fitness. Expert Rev Mol Med 2023; 25:e9. [PMID: 36655333 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Life expectancy has increased exponentially in the last century accompanied by disability, poor quality of life, and all-cause mortality in older age due to the high prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity in older people. Biologically, the aging process reduces the cell's metabolic and functional efficiency, and disrupts the cell's anabolic and catabolic homeostasis, predisposing older people to many dysfunctional conditions such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and diabetes. In the immune system, aging also alters cells' metabolic and functional efficiency, a process known as 'immunosenescence', where cells become more broadly inflammatory and their functionality is altered. Notably, autophagy, the conserved and important cellular process that maintains the cell's efficiency and functional homeostasis may protect the immune system from age-associated dysfunctional changes by regulating cell death in activated CD4+ T cells. This regulatory process increases the delivery of the dysfunctional cytoplasmic material to lysosomal degradation while increasing cytokine production, proliferation, and differentiation of CD4+ T cell-mediated immune responses. Poor proliferation and diminished responsiveness to cytokines appear to be ubiquitous features of aged T cells and may explain the delayed peak in T cell expansion and cytotoxic activity commonly observed in the 'immunosenescence' phenotype in the elderly. On the other hand, physical exercise stimulates the expression of crucial nutrient sensors and inhibits the mechanistic target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling cascade which increases autophagic activity in cells. Therefore, in this perspective review, we will first contextualize the overall view of the autophagy process and then, we will discuss how body adiposity and physical fitness may counteract autophagy in naïve CD4+ T cells in aging.
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Semelka CT, DeWitt ME, Blevins MW, Holbrook BC, Sanders JW, Alexander-Miller MA. Frailty impacts immune responses to Moderna COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in older adults. Immun Ageing 2023; 20:4. [PMID: 36650551 PMCID: PMC9843107 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-023-00327-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune responses to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines have not been well characterized in frail older adults. We postulated that frailty is associated with impaired antibody and cellular mRNA vaccine responses. METHODS We followed older adults in a retirement facility with longitudinal clinical and serological samples from the first Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine dose starting in February 2021 through their 3rd (booster) vaccine dose. Outcomes were antibody titers, antibody avidity, and AIM+ T cell function and phenotype. Statistical analysis used linear regression with clustered error for antibody titers over multiple timepoints with clinical predictors including, age, sex, prior infection status, and clinical frailty scale (CFS) score. T cell function analysis used linear regression models with clinical predictors and cellular memory phenotype variables. RESULTS Participants (n = 15) had median age of 90 years and mild, moderate, or severe frailty scores (n = 3, 7, or 5 respectively). Over the study time course, anti-spike antibody titers were 10-fold higher in individuals with lower frailty status (p = 0.001 and p = 0.005, unadjusted and adjusted for prior COVID-19 infection). Following the booster, titers to spike protein improved regardless of COVID-19 infection or degree of frailty (p = 0.82 and p = 0.29, respectively). Antibody avidity significantly declined over 6 months in all participants following 2 vaccine doses (p < 0.001), which was further impaired with higher frailty (p = 0.001). Notably, avidity increased to peak levels after the booster (p < 0.001). Overall antibody response was inversely correlated with a phenotype of immune-senescent T cells, CD8 + CD28- TEMRA cells (p = 0.036, adjusted for COVID-19 infection). Furthermore, there was increased detection of CD8 + CD28- TEMRA cells in individuals with greater frailty (p = 0.056, adjusted for COVID-19). CONCLUSIONS We evaluated the immune responses to the Moderna COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in frail older adults in a retirement community. A higher degree of frailty was associated with diminished antibody quantity and quality. However, a booster vaccine dose at 6 months overcame these effects. Frailty was associated with an increased immune-senescence phenotype that may contribute to the observed changes in the vaccine response. While the strength of our conclusions was limited by a small cohort, these results are important for guiding further investigation of vaccine responses in frail older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles T Semelka
- Section on Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA.
| | - Michael E DeWitt
- Section on Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Maria W Blevins
- Section on Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Beth C Holbrook
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - John W Sanders
- Section on Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Martha A Alexander-Miller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
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Zhang H, Jadhav RR, Cao W, Goronzy IN, Zhao TV, Jin J, Ohtsuki S, Hu Z, Morales J, Greenleaf WJ, Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ. Aging-associated HELIOS deficiency in naive CD4 + T cells alters chromatin remodeling and promotes effector cell responses. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:96-109. [PMID: 36510022 PMCID: PMC10118794 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immune aging combines cellular defects in adaptive immunity with the activation of pathways causing a low-inflammatory state. Here we examined the influence of age on the kinetic changes in the epigenomic and transcriptional landscape induced by T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation in naive CD4+ T cells. Despite attenuated TCR signaling in older adults, TCR activation accelerated remodeling of the epigenome and induced transcription factor networks favoring effector cell differentiation. We identified increased phosphorylation of STAT5, at least in part due to aberrant IL-2 receptor and lower HELIOS expression, as upstream regulators. Human HELIOS-deficient, naive CD4+ T cells, when transferred into human-synovium-mouse chimeras, infiltrated tissues more efficiently. Inhibition of IL-2 or STAT5 activity in T cell responses of older adults restored the epigenetic response pattern to the one seen in young adults. In summary, reduced HELIOS expression in non-regulatory naive CD4+ T cells in older adults directs T cell fate decisions toward inflammatory effector cells that infiltrate tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rohit R Jadhav
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wenqiang Cao
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Isabel N Goronzy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Tuantuan V Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jun Jin
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shozo Ohtsuki
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zhaolan Hu
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jose Morales
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Cornelia M Weyand
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jörg J Goronzy
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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50
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Weinmann AS. Tipping the balance in CD4 + T cells. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:8-9. [PMID: 36596891 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01389-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy S Weinmann
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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