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Seward R, Redner R. A replication of extended implementation and social interaction during the Step it UP! Game for adults with disabilities. J Appl Behav Anal 2024. [PMID: 38963347 DOI: 10.1002/jaba.1098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of the present experiments was to systematically replicate Step it UP! Game interventions with adults with disabilities. Participants were divided into two competing teams, and the team with the highest step count participated in a prize drawing. Experiment 1 (N = 9) evaluated the efficacy of an extended version of the Step it UP! Game that included additional and longer sessions. Experiment 2 (N = 8) evaluated the addition of contingent experimenter attention during the Step it UP! Game. Baseline, Step it UP! Game, and Step it UP! Game plus interaction sessions were evaluated in a multielement design. The Step it UP! Game was effective with additional and longer sessions, and all participants took more steps during Step it UP! Game sessions. Adding experimenter interaction to the Step it UP! Game did not increase the efficacy of the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Seward
- School of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Ryan Redner
- School of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, USA
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Chandler MC, Ellison OK, McGowan AL, Fenn KM, Pontifex MB. Physical activity and sleep moderate the relationship between stress and screen time in college-aged adults. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:1401-1411. [PMID: 35613432 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2077110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
For undergraduate students, excessive screen time is associated with poorer mental health and greater perceived stress. Objective: The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the potential moderating influence of physical activity and sleep on the relationship between screen time and stress. Participants & Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 513 undergraduate students between Fall 2017 & Spring 2020 were given a questionnaire to assess perceived stress level, physical activity engagement, screen time, and sleep. Results: Stepwise hierarchical regression analyses identified that screen time, sleep, and the three-way interaction between screen time, sleep, and physical activity were associated with stress. Post-hoc decomposition revealed that higher levels of physical activity and sleep both mitigated the relationship between screen time and stress. Conclusions: Findings suggest that modifiable health behaviors such as physical activity and sleep may be important factors for managing the negative effects of screen time on stress in college-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison C Chandler
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Oksana K Ellison
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Amanda L McGowan
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kimberly M Fenn
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Matthew B Pontifex
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Fu M, Zhang L, Zhao X, Lv Z, Tang P. Association between screen time and self-reported balance disorders in middle-aged and older adults: national health and nutrition examination survey. Aging Clin Exp Res 2024; 36:128. [PMID: 38856860 PMCID: PMC11164770 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-024-02778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Balance disorders can give rise to sensations of instability, lightheadedness, vertigo, disequilibrium, or syncope, ultimately leading to grave medical, physical, emotional, and societal ramifications. These conditions are highly prevalent among individuals aged 40 and above. Screen time encompasses activities associated with television viewing, video game playing, and non-work-related computer usage. Prolonged screen exposure may engender a spectrum of health issues and even elevate overall mortality rates. However, the available evidence on the potential link between excessive screen time and balance dysfunction remains limited. AIMS The primary aim of this study was to explore the possible association between prolonged screen exposure and impaired balance function. METHODS This cross-sectional study utilized data from participants who completed a comprehensive questionnaire in the NHANES database between 1999 and 2002, all of whom were aged over 40 and under 85 years. Participants' screen time was categorized into two groups (< 4 h/d and ≥4 h/d) for subsequent data analysis. Logistic regression, combined with propensity score matching (PSM), was employed to investigate the correlation between screen time and balance disorders. RESULTS A total of 5176 participants were enrolled in this study, comprising 2,586 men and 2,590 women, with a prevalence rate of balance disorders at 25.7% (1331/5176). The incidence of balance disorders was found to be significantly higher among individuals who spent 4 hours or more per day on screen time compared to those with less screen time (P<0.001). Multivariate logistic analysis conducted on the unmatched cohort revealed a significant association between screen time and balance disorders, with an odds ratio (OR) 1.8 (95%CI 1.57 ∼ 2.05). These findings remained consistent even after adjusting for confounding factors, yielding an OR 1.43 (95%CI 1.24 ∼ 1.66). Moreover, the association persisted when employing various multivariate analyses such as propensity score matching adjusted model, standardized mortality ratio weighting model and pairwise algorithmic model; all resulting in ORs ranging from 1.38 to 1.43 and p-values < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS After controlling for all covariates, screen time (watching TV, playing video games, and using computers outside of work) was associated with balance dysfunction among middle-aged and older adults. This finding may offer a possible idea for the prevention of dizziness and balance disorders. Nevertheless, additional research is imperative to further validate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Fu
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neuro-electrophysiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
| | - Lingju Zhang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neuro-electrophysiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neuro-electrophysiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Zhijun Lv
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neuro-electrophysiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Pei Tang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neuro-electrophysiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
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Zhou Y, Huang Z, Liu Y, Liu D. The effect of replacing sedentary behavior with different intensities of physical activity on depression and anxiety in Chinese university students: an isotemporal substitution model. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1388. [PMID: 38783202 PMCID: PMC11118727 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18914-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has suggested that engaging in regular physical activity (PA) can help to reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety in university students. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding the impact of reducing sedentary behavior (SB) and increasing light-intensity PA (LPA) on these symptoms. This study aims to address this gap by using isotemporal substitution (IS) models to explore how substituting SB with LPA or moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) affects depression and anxiety symptoms among university students. METHODS The study recruited 318 university students with a mean age of 21.13 years. Accelerometers were used to objectively measure the time spent on SB, LPA, and MVPA, while depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). IS models using multivariable linear regression were employed to estimate the associations between different behaviors and depression and anxiety symptoms when 30 min of one behavior was substituted with another. RESULTS In the single-activity model, less SB (β = 0.321, 95% CI: 0.089, 1.297) and more MVPA (β = -0.142, 95% CI: -1.496, - 0.071) were found to be significantly and negatively associated with depression scores, while less SB (β = 0.343, 95% CI: 0.057, 1.014), LPA (β = 0.132, 95% CI: 0.049, 1.023), and more MVPA (β = -0.077, 95% CI: -1.446, - 0.052) were significantly and negatively correlated with anxiety scores. The IS analysis revealed that substituting 30 min of SB with LPA (β = -0.202, 95% CI: -1.371, - 0.146) or MVPA (β = -0.308, 95% CI: -0.970, - 0.073) was associated with improvements in depressive symptoms. Substituting 30 min of SB with MVPA (β = -0.147, 95% CI: -1.863, - 0.034) was associated with reduced anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSION Replacing 30 min of SB with MVPA may alleviate depression and anxiety symptoms in university students. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of PA interventions on the mental health disorders of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Zhou
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Zan Huang
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Yanjie Liu
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Dongao Liu
- Physical Education Department, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Carbo M, Paap D, van Overbeeke L, Wink F, Bootsma H, Arends S, Spoorenberg A. Higher levels of physical activity are associated with less evasive coping, better physical function and quality of life in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301965. [PMID: 38758932 PMCID: PMC11101074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate daily physical activity (PA) in relation to psychosocial factors, such as anxiety, depression and different types of coping strategies, as well as patient- and disease-related factors in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). METHODS Consecutive outpatients from the Groningen Leeuwarden AxSpA (GLAS) cohort completed the modified Short Questionnaire to assess health-enhancing PA (mSQUASH), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Coping with Rheumatic Stressors (CORS) questionnaires, as well as standardized patient- and disease-related assessments. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses and comparison of lowest and highest PA tertiles were performed to explore associations between the HADS, CORS, patient- and disease-related factors and PA. RESULTS In total, 84 axSpA patients were included; 60% male, mean age 49 (SD ±14) years, median symptom duration 20 (25th-75th percentiles: 12-31) years, mean ASDAS 2.1 (±1.0). Higher PA levels were significantly associated with better scores on patient-reported disease activity (BASDAI), physical function (BASFI) and quality of life (ASQoL). Furthermore, higher levels of PA were associated with less impact of axSpA on wellbeing and lower HADS depression scores. In the multivariable linear regression model, less use of the coping strategy 'decreasing activities' (β: -376.4; p 0.003) and lower BMI (β:-235.5; p: 0.030) were independently associated with higher level of PA. Comparison of patients from the lowest and highest PA tertiles showed results similar to those found in the regression analyses. CONCLUSION In this cohort of axSpA patients, higher levels of daily PA were associated with better patient-reported outcomes and lower depression scores. Additionally, the passive coping strategy "decreasing activities" and lifestyle factor BMI were independently associated with PA. Besides anti-inflammatory treatment, coping strategies and lifestyle should be taken into account in the management of individual axSpA patients. Incorporating these aspects into patient education could increase patient awareness and self-efficacy. In the future, longitudinal studies are needed to better understand the complex relationship between patient-, disease- and psychosocial factors associated with daily PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Carbo
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Davy Paap
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Physical Therapy, Saxion, University of Applied Sciences, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Laura van Overbeeke
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Freke Wink
- Department of Rheumatology, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrika Bootsma
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Arends
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke Spoorenberg
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Denche-Zamorano Á, García-Paniagua R, Pastor-Cisneros R, Pereira-Payo D, Pérez Gómez J. Influence of physical activity level and perceived social support on mental health and psychological distress in women with menopause problems. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024:1-19. [PMID: 38712645 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2024.2347522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Perceived Social Support (PSS) and Physical Activity (PA) could have an important role in reducing psychological distress in women with problems in the menopausal period. The aim was to analyze the associations between a) Self-Perceived Health (SPH), prevalence of self-reported depression and anxiety, and mental health and its subscales, through the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) with b) the Physical Activity Level (PAL) and c) the PSS, through the Duke-UNC-11 functional social support questionnaire in Spanish women with problems in the menopausal period. This document uses data from the Spanish National Health Survey of 2017, focusing on women between 40 and 69 years of age with problems in the menopausal period. Dependency relationships were found between the prevalence of depression and PAL, anxiety and PAL, and SPH with PAL (p < 0.001). Weak inverse correlations were found between PAL and mental health, Coping Success, Self-confidence, and Stress (rho: - 0.214 to - 0.258; p < 0.001). Also, weak and very weak significant inverse correlations were found between PAL and all items of the GHQ-12. Weak inverse correlations were found between PSS scores and mental health, Coping, and Stress (r: -0.201 to - 0.304; p < 0.001). Likewise, weak and very weak inverse correlations, although statistically significant, were found between the PSS scores and the responses to the GHQ-12 items. Very active women with higher PSS have less psychological distress, higher self-esteem, and better prevalence of positive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Denche-Zamorano
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PheSo), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Roberto García-Paniagua
- Health Economy Motricity and Education (HEME), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Raquel Pastor-Cisneros
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PheSo), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Damián Pereira-Payo
- Health Economy Motricity and Education (HEME), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jorge Pérez Gómez
- Health Economy Motricity and Education (HEME), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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Córdoba-Grueso WS, Galaviz KI, Parker MA. Aerobic exercise during adolescence and anxiety disorders in adulthood: A cohort study using Add Health. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301253. [PMID: 38603706 PMCID: PMC11008857 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of anxiety disorders, and mental chronic diseases, has increased over the last decade among adolescents. Since aerobic exercise reduces the risk of chronic diseases and stress symptoms, we aimed to examine the association between aerobic exercise in adolescence and anxiety disorders in adulthood. METHODS Self-reported, publicly available data from 5,114 adolescents who participated in Waves I and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) was analyzed from 1994-2009. We included US-based individuals aged 16 years on average and observed them for 15 years. Weighted Poisson regression models estimated the association between aerobic exercise in Wave I (1994, baseline) and anxiety disorders in Wave IV (2009, adulthood), adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and substance use at baseline. RESULTS Overall, 639/5,114 (weighted 12.96%) individuals experienced anxiety disorders at baseline. Age and sex differed significantly across all exercise groups (p's<0.001). Aerobic exercise did not significantly protect against anxiety disorders in adulthood: compared to adolescents who did not exercise at all, those who exercised 1-2 times/week had 0.85 times the prevalence of anxiety disorders during adulthood (95% CI = 0.65, 1.12; p = 0.25). Those who exercised 3-4 times/week had 0.81 times the prevalence (95% CI = 0.61, 1.08, p = 0.15) and those who exercised 5+ times/week had 0.84 times the prevalence (95% CI = 0.63, 1.13, p = 0.25) than those who did not exercise at all. CONCLUSION Aerobic Exercise in adolescence did not protect against anxiety disorders in adulthood. More evidence is needed on this association, including using homogeneous measures of exercise and repeated measures methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney S. Córdoba-Grueso
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, United States of America
| | - Karla I. Galaviz
- Department of Applied Health Sciences, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, United States of America
| | - Maria A. Parker
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, United States of America
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Rehman S, Addas A, Rahman MA, Shahiman MA, Li Z. Sequential mediation analysis of physical activity, healthy diet, BMI, and academic burnout in the Pakistani educational landscape. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7737. [PMID: 38565564 PMCID: PMC10987614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58126-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Research has indicated a negative impact of physical activity on academic burnout among students, however, there is a paucity of evidence about the underlying mechanism of this association in Pakistani students. The present research seeks to investigate the relationship between physical activity and academic burnout by investigating the potential mediating effects of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and body mass index (BMI). A sample of 596 students using a cross-sectional survey design was gathered from two public universities (Riphah International University and Mohammed Ali Jinnah University) in Rawalpindi, Pakistan from June to July 2022. The study participants were asked to fill out the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3, the Learning Burnout Scale, and the Test of Adherence to MD questionnaires. The study employed descriptive, bivariate, and path analysis through regression utilizing the SPSS software version 27. The findings demonstrated a negative correlation between academic burnout and BMI, physical activity, and adherence to the MD. The relationship between physical activity and academic burnout was mediated by BMI. Physical activity and academic burnout were inversely correlated, with adherence to the MD and BMI interacting as sequential mediators. The outcomes of this research have expanded our knowledge of the association between physical activity and academic burnout and have suggested crucial and appropriate strategies for addressing student academic burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Rehman
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Abdullah Addas
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Landscape Architecture Department, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80210, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Anisur Rahman
- Department of Accounting, Data Analytics, Economics and Finance, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Muhammad Ali Shahiman
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Zexuan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
- Mental Health Institute of Central South University, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Antunes R, Rodrigues F, Jacinto M, Amaro N, Matos R, Monteiro D. Exploring the relationship across autonomous motivation, affects, and anxiety among gym practitioners during the second COVID-19 lockdown. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7272. [PMID: 38538823 PMCID: PMC10973380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57878-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study explores the association of autonomous motivation and the relationship of positive and negative affect on anxiety levels among individuals engaged in gym practitioners during the second COVID-19 lockdown. A total of 196 exercisers (29.17 ± 10.77) were enrolled in the present study, of which 112 (57.1%) were women and 84 (42.9%) were men. The survey included sociodemographic data, as well as validated instruments measuring autonomous motivation, positive and negative affect, and anxiety states related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The results revealed a positive association between autonomous motivation and positive affect (β = 0.36, CI 0.12, 0.37; p < 0.001), and a negative association between autonomous motivation and negative affect (β = - 0.17, CI - 0.31, - 0.01; p = 0.03). Moreover positive, and negative affect are negatively (β = - 0.33, CI - 0.43, - 0.24; p < 0.001) and positively (β = 0.72, CI 0.57, 0.82; p < 0.001) associated to anxiety, respectively. Thus, this study appears to emphasize the association of autonomous motivation on affect as a potential buffer against anxiety levels, particularly in a context where practitioners found themselves restricted in their usual gym practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Antunes
- ESECS - Polytechnic University of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Filipe Rodrigues
- ESECS - Polytechnic University of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Miguel Jacinto
- ESECS - Polytechnic University of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Nuno Amaro
- ESECS - Polytechnic University of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rui Matos
- ESECS - Polytechnic University of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Diogo Monteiro
- ESECS - Polytechnic University of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
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Pereira-Payo D, Mendoza-Muñoz M, Denche-Zamorano A, Rubio-de la Osa A, Moreno-Quintanilla M, Pastor-Cisneros R. Physical Activity Is Associated with the Incidence of Depression in United States Adults from the NHANES 2013-18: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:552. [PMID: 38470663 PMCID: PMC10931288 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12050552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The number of depression sufferers is rising globally. In the United States, 8% of adults over 20 years of age suffer from it, making it the most prevalent mental disorder in the country. Some lifestyle habits have been shown to favor or prevent the onset of depression; for instance, physical inactivity is associated with an increased likelihood of suffering depression, whilst multiple benefits have been attributed to performing physical activity (PA). This study aims to test whether there is a dependence between the prevalence of depression and PA, age, gender and educational level. The secondary objective was to identify the differentiating variables for depression and non-depression. This cross-sectional study is based on data from the NHANES 2013-2014, 2015-2016 and 2017-2018 editions. Some of the items in this survey were taken from preexisting questionnaires: the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression screening and the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) for the PA groups. The final sample was formed of 15,574 United States residents over 18 years old. After testing the data normality (p < 0.001), a descriptive analysis and the non-parametric chi-square test was conducted, as well as discriminant analysis. The results showed that there was an association between depression prevalence and PA (p < 0.001) in the general population and for both genders. Inactive participants had the highest prevalence of major depression and other depressive disorders. The discriminant analysis identified PA group (0.527), education level (0.761) and gender (-0.505) as significant variables that differentiate between participants with and without depression. The results of this research confirmed that a dependency relationship between PA group according to the GPAQ and depression prevalence according to the PHQ-9 existed in the United States adult population, and that PA group is a relevant variable to differentiate between depression sufferers and non-sufferers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damián Pereira-Payo
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (D.P.-P.); (M.M.-Q.)
| | - María Mendoza-Muñoz
- Physical and Health Literacy and Health-Related Quality of Life (PHYQoL), Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais 2, 7000-645 Évora, Portugal
| | - Angel Denche-Zamorano
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (A.D.-Z.); (R.P.-C.)
| | | | - Miranda Moreno-Quintanilla
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (D.P.-P.); (M.M.-Q.)
| | - Raquel Pastor-Cisneros
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (A.D.-Z.); (R.P.-C.)
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Doyenart R, Boeira D, Milhomens YP, Oliveira Silva da Silva V, Zilli Réus G, Silveira PCL, da Silva LA. Effects of aquatic high intensity interval training on parameters of functional autonomy, mental health, and oxidative dysfunction in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:826-838. [PMID: 36780534 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2175797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of aquatic exercise on parameters of functional autonomy, mental health, and oxidative dysfunction in elderly patients with DM2. A total of 130 elderly were included in the longitudinal clinical study and were attributed to the non-diabetic group (n = 27) and diabetes the group (n = 22). Both groups participated in 24 sessions of Hydro-HIIT, 48 h before and after Hydro-HIIT, the GDLAM index, depression, and anxiety scores and markers of oxidative dysfunction were quantified. After intervention, GI decreased in both groups (non-diabetes group = -24%; diabetes group = -22%) (p < 0.05), markers of depression (-46%), anxiety (-60%), DCFH-DA (-55%), SOD (+59%), TNF-α (-37%) and IL-1 (-48%) in diabetes group (p < 0.05). The intervention with Hydro-HIIT improves aspects related to functional autonomy, mental health, and exerts consequently, a modulating effect on oxidative stress and inflammatory response in elderly people diagnosed with DM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Doyenart
- Laboratory of Exercise Psychophysiology, Advanced Aquatic Exercise Research Group, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Daniel Boeira
- Laboratory of Exercise Psychophysiology, Advanced Aquatic Exercise Research Group, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Yuri Pinheiro Milhomens
- Laboratory of Exercise Psychophysiology, Advanced Aquatic Exercise Research Group, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Vitória Oliveira Silva da Silva
- Laboratory of Exercise Psychophysiology, Advanced Aquatic Exercise Research Group, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Zilli Réus
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Programme in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
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Le Roy B, Martin-Krumm C, Poupon C, Richieri R, Malbos E, Barthélémy F, Guedj E, Trousselard M. Virtual Exercise in Medicine: A Proof of Concept in a Healthy Population. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e45637. [PMID: 38252484 PMCID: PMC10845022 DOI: 10.2196/45637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Science is beginning to establish the benefits of the use of virtual reality (VR) in health care. This therapeutic approach may be an appropriate complementary treatment for some mental illnesses. It could prevent high levels of morbidity and improve the physical health of patients. For many years, the literature has shown the health benefits of physical exercise. Physical exercise in a VR environment may improve the management of mild to moderate mental health conditions. In this context, we developed a virtual environment combined with an ergocycle (the augmented physical training for isolated and confined environments [APTICE] system). OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the impact of physical exercise in a VR environment. METHODS A total of 14 healthy participants (11 men and 3 women; mean age 43.28, SD 10.60 years) undertook 15 minutes of immersive physical exercise using the system. Measures included mindfulness and immersion disposition, subjective perceptions of sensory information, user experience, and VR experience (ie, psychological state, flow, and presence). RESULTS First, the APTICE system appears to be a useful tool because the user experience is positive (subscales in the AttrakDiff questionnaire: pragmatic quality=0.99; hedonic quality-stimulation=1.90; hedonic quality-identification=0.67; attractiveness=1.58). Second, the system can induce a positive psychological state (negative emotion, P=.06) and an experience of flow and presence (P values ranging from <.001 to .04). Third, individual immersive and mindful disposition plays a role in the VR experience (P values ranging from <.02 to .04). Finally, our findings suggest that there is a link between the subjective perception of sensory information and the VR experience (P values ranging from <.02 to .04). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the device is well accepted with positive psychological and exteroceptive outcomes. Overall, the APTICE system could be a proof of concept to explore the benefits of virtual physical exercise in clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Le Roy
- Unité neurophysiologie du stress, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Adaptation, mesure et évaluation en santé. Approches interdisciplinaires, Metz, France
| | - Charles Martin-Krumm
- Unité neurophysiologie du stress, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Adaptation, mesure et évaluation en santé. Approches interdisciplinaires, Metz, France
- Vulnérabilité, capabilité, rétablissement, Unité religion, culture et société, Ecole des psychologues praticiens, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Poupon
- École nationale supérieure de création industrielle, Paris, France
| | - Raphaëlle Richieri
- Département psychiatrie, Hôpital de la Conception, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Malbos
- Département psychiatrie, Hôpital de la Conception, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Fanny Barthélémy
- Département de médecine nucléaire, Centre européen de recherche en imagerie médicale, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Guedj
- Département de médecine nucléaire, Centre européen de recherche en imagerie médicale, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Marion Trousselard
- Unité neurophysiologie du stress, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Adaptation, mesure et évaluation en santé. Approches interdisciplinaires, Metz, France
- Service de santé des armées, Paris, France
- Réseau ABC des Psychotraumas, Montpellier, France
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Larisch LM, Blom V, Hagströmer M, Ekblom M, Ekblom Ö, Nilsson J, Kallings LV. Improving movement behavior in office workers: effects of two multi-level cluster-RCT interventions on mental health. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:127. [PMID: 38195449 PMCID: PMC10985866 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17647-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously reported on the design and efficacy of two cluster-randomized multi-level workplace interventions, attempting to decrease sedentary behavior (SED) or increase moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among office workers to improve mental health outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate intervention effects on mental health outcomes, i.e., mental wellbeing, depression or anxiety symptoms, and stress immediately after the 6-month intervention period. METHODS Teams of 263 office workers were cluster-randomized to one of two interventions or a waitlist control group. The PA intervention (iPA) focused on increasing MVPA and the SED intervention (iSED) on reducing SED. Both multi-level interventions targeted individual office workers and their social, physical, and organizational work environment, incorporating counseling based on cognitive behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing. Mental health outcomes were assessed using validated questionnaires before and immediately after the intervention. Intervention effects were analyzed using linear mixed effects models. RESULTS Participants were mostly female and highly educated, with a mean age of 42 years and had favorable levels of mental health at baseline. Mental wellbeing improved for the iSED group (β = 8, 95% CI 1 to 15, p = 0.030) but not for the iPA group (β = 6, 95% CI -1 to 12, p = 0.072) compared to the control group. No effects were found for depression or anxiety symptoms or stress. CONCLUSIONS The multi-level interventions improved mental wellbeing among this population of office workers, reaching statistical significance in the iSED group. The size of the effect can be regarded meaningful, considering favorable mental health and high PA level at baseline. Thus, workplace interventions that provide support on multiple levels appear to have potential for improving mental wellbeing, but not reducing ill-health variables, among healthy office workers. More research is needed to understand the mechanisms through which such improvements can be achieved and to identify the most effective intervention components. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN92968402 (27 February 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Marie Larisch
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Victoria Blom
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Maria Hagströmer
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Academic Primary Health Care Centre, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Health Promoting Science, Sophiahemmet University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Ekblom
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Örjan Ekblom
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonna Nilsson
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena V Kallings
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Adzrago D, Sulley S, Ormiston CK, Williams F. Socioeconomic and clinical risk factors associated with moderate intensity physical activity before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Prev Med Rep 2024; 37:102555. [PMID: 38170022 PMCID: PMC10758958 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Although moderate intensity physical activity (MIPA) improves general mental health, morbidity, and mortality, the COVID-19 pandemic may have adversely impacted individuals' ability to engage in MIPA. We examined the extent of socioeconomic factors, body mass index, anxiety/depression, and cancer diagnosis associated with MIPA before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Multivariable logistic regression models were conducted on 4,551 U.S. adults aged 18-64 years using nationally representative samples from the 2019 and 2020 Health Information National Trends Survey datasets. The prevalence of MIPA before the pandemic was higher (77.07%) than during the pandemic (76.21%). Before the COVID-19 pandemic, lower odds of MIPA were observed for individuals with fair/poor health (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.27, 0.63), obesity (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.33, 0.79), anxiety/depression (OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.42, 0.85), or a cancer diagnosis (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.32, 0.98). During the pandemic, lower odds were observed among those with obesity (OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.28, 0.70), anxiety/depression (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.43, 0.86), less than high school education (OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.16, 0.70), or family income of $20,000 - $34,999 (OR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.24, 0.74). There was a decline in MIPA during the pandemic, with certain subgroups, such as individuals of lower socioeconomic and physical and mental health status, less likely to engage in MIPA. This study highlights the need for concerted physical activity educational strategies aimed at improving access to and utilization of MIPA within subgroups to reduce MIPA disparities, particularly among disadvantaged groups during pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Adzrago
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities,National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Saanie Sulley
- National Healthy Start Association, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cameron K. Ormiston
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities,National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Faustine Williams
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities,National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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15
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Dang K, Ritvo P, Katz J, Gratzer D, Knyahnytska Y, Ortiz A, Walters C, Attia M, Gonzalez-Torres C, Lustig A, Daskalakis Z. The Role of Daily Steps in the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial of a 6-Month Internet-Based, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention for Youth. Interact J Med Res 2023; 12:e46419. [PMID: 38064262 PMCID: PMC10746981 DOI: 10.2196/46419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current evidence supports physical activity (PA) as an adjunctive treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). Few studies, however, have examined the relationship between objectively measured PA and MDD treatment outcomes using prospective data. OBJECTIVE This study is a secondary analysis of data from a 24-week internet-based, mindfulness-based cognitive behavioral therapy program for MDD. The purpose of this analysis was twofold: (1) to examine average daily step counts in relation to MDD symptom improvement, and whether pain moderated this relationship; and (2) to examine whether changes in step activity (ie, step trajectories) during treatment were associated with baseline symptoms and symptom improvement. METHODS Patients from the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health were part of a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of internet-based, mindfulness-based cognitive behavioral therapy for young adults (aged 18-30 years old) with MDD. Data from 20 participants who had completed the intervention were analyzed. PA, in the form of objectively measured steps, was measured using the Fitbit-HR Charge 2 (Fitbit Inc), and self-reported depression severity was measured with the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Linear regression analysis was used to test PA's relationship with depression improvement and the moderating effect of pain severity and pain interference. Growth curve and multivariable regression models were used to test longitudinal associations. RESULTS Participants walked an average of 8269 steps per day, and each additional +1000-step difference between participants was significantly associated with a 2.66-point greater improvement (reduction) in BDI-II, controlling for anxiety, pain interference, and adherence to Fitbit monitoring (P=.02). Pain severity appeared to moderate (reduce) the positive effect of average daily steps on BDI-II improvement (P=.03). Higher baseline depression and anxiety symptoms predicted less positive step trajectories throughout treatment (Ps≤.001), and more positive step trajectories early in the trial predicted greater MDD improvement at the end of the trial (Ps<.04). However, step trajectories across the full duration of the trial did not significantly predict MDD improvement (Ps=.40). CONCLUSIONS This study used objective measurements to demonstrate positive associations between PA and depression improvement in the context of cognitive behavioral treatment. Pain appeared to moderate this relationship, and baseline symptoms of anxiety and depression predicted PA trajectories. The findings inform future interventions for major depression. Future research with larger samples should consider additional moderators of PA-related treatment success and the extent to which outcomes are related to PA change in multimodal interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials.gov NCT03406052; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03406052. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/11591.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Dang
- School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul Ritvo
- School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joel Katz
- School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Gratzer
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yuliya Knyahnytska
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Abigail Ortiz
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Mohamed Attia
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christina Gonzalez-Torres
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Lustig
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zafiris Daskalakis
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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16
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Larisch LM, Kallings LV, Thedin Jakobsson B, Blom V. "It depends on the boss" - a qualitative study of multi-level interventions aiming at office workers' movement behaviour and mental health. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2023; 18:2258564. [PMID: 37731364 PMCID: PMC10515662 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2258564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This embedded qualitative study explored the acceptability, feasibility, and fidelity of two multi-level RCT interventions among office workers, aiming at improving movement behaviour to enhance mental health and cognition. The interventions addressed the organizational, environmental, and individual level. METHODS Semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with 38 stakeholders after completion of the interventions. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS The interventions were well appreciated, and office workers attributed improvements in movement behaviour and wellbeing to the interventions. Especially the cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) based counselling and free gym access were appreciated, feasible and delivered as planned. Participants described existing workplace norms as barriers to more activity, particularly for reducing sitting. Support from managers and team support were considered crucial components. However, delivering these components was difficult. CONCLUSIONS The findings support the design of the multi-level interventions for changing movement behaviour. Results highlight the potential of CBT for this target group and the importance of manager and team support. Desired effects of similar multi-level interventions, including CBT, might be achieved in future studies that carefully address the issues with feasibility and acceptability and the resulting low fidelity of some intervention components that were identified in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Marie Larisch
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Physical Activity and Health, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena V. Kallings
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Physical Activity and Health, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Britta Thedin Jakobsson
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Physical Activity and Health, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Movement, Culture and Society, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Victoria Blom
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Physical Activity and Health, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Division of Insurance Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
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Smith L, López Sánchez GF, Shin JI, Kostev K, Underwood BR, Oh H, Soysal P, Veronese N, Schuch F, Tully MA, Koyanagi A. Food insecurity and subjective cognitive complaints among adults aged ≥ 65 years from low- and middle-income countries. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:3217-3226. [PMID: 37550594 PMCID: PMC10611875 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03226-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To date, no study has investigated the association between food insecurity and subjective cognitive complaints (SCC). Thus, the aims of the present study were to examine this association among older adults in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and to identify the potential mediators in this association, given the importance of SCC in dementia risk among older people, and the projected particularly large increase in dementia in this setting. METHODS Cross-sectional, community-based, nationally representative data from the World Health Organization (WHO) Study on global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE) collected between 2007 and 2010 were analyzed. Two questions on subjective memory and learning complaints in the past 30 days were used to create a SCC scale ranging from 0 (No SCC) to 100 (worse SCC). Past 12 month food insecurity was assessed with two questions on frequency of eating less and hunger due to lack of food. Multivariable linear regression and mediation (Karlson-Holm-Breen method) analyses were conducted to assess associations. RESULTS Data on 14,585 individuals aged ≥ 65 years [mean (SD) age 72.6 (11.5) years; 55.0% females] were analyzed. Severe food insecurity (vs. no food insecurity) was associated with 9.16 (95% CI = 6.95-11.37) points higher mean SCC score. Sleep/energy (mediated% 37.9%; P < 0.001), perceived stress (37.2%; P = 0.001), and depression (13.7%; P = 0.008) partially explained the association between severe food insecurity and SCC. CONCLUSION Food insecurity was associated with SCC among older adults in LMICs. Future studies should assess whether addressing food insecurity among older adults in LMICs can improve cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Smith
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Guillermo F López Sánchez
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Severance Underwood Meta-research Center, Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Benjamin R Underwood
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust and Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pinar Soysal
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Section, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Felipe Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile
| | - Mark A Tully
- School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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Vidyasagaran AL, McDaid D, Faisal MR, Nasir M, Muliyala KP, Thekkumkara S, Wright J, Huque R, Benkalkar S, Siddiqi N. Prevalence of mental disorders in South Asia: A systematic review of reviews. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2023; 10:e78. [PMID: 38161740 PMCID: PMC10755414 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2023.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Mental disorders are increasing in South Asia (SA), but their epidemiological burden is under-researched. We carried out a systematic umbrella review to estimate the prevalence of mental disorders and intentional self-harm in the region. Multiple databases were searched and systematic reviews reporting the prevalence of at least one mental disorder from countries in SA were included. Review data were narratively synthesised; primary studies of common mental disorders (CMDs) among adults were identified from a selected subset of reviews and pooled. We included 124 reviews. The majority (n = 65) reported on mood disorders, followed by anxiety disorders (n = 45). High prevalence of mental disorders and intentional self-harm was found in general adult and vulnerable populations. Two reviews met our pre-defined criteria for identifying primary studies of CMDs. Meta-analysis of 25 primary studies showed a pooled prevalence of 16.0% (95% CI = 11.0-22.0%, I 2 = 99.9%) for depression, 12.0% (5.0-21.0%, I 2 = 99.9%) for anxiety, and 14.0% (10.0-19.0, I 2 = 99.9%) for both among the general adult population; pooled estimates varied by country and assessment tool used. Overall, reviews suggest high prevalence for mental disorders in SA, but evidence is limited on conditions other than CMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David McDaid
- Care Policy and Evaluation Centre, Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | | | - Muhammad Nasir
- Department of Economics, Institute of Business Administration (IBA), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Krishna P. Muliyala
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Judy Wright
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - Najma Siddiqi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, UK
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Pereira-Payo D, Denche-Zamorano Á, Mayordomo-Pinilla N, Franco-García JM, Castillo-Paredes A, Garcia-Gordillo MA, Rojo-Ramos J, Barrios-Fernández S. Higher physical activity level and perceived social support is associated with less psychological distress in people with anxiety. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16000. [PMID: 37933255 PMCID: PMC10625759 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anxiety is one of the most prevalent mental illnesses in first world societies, generating discomfort in the people who suffer from it, and high expenses and economic losses in the society. The physical activity (PA) performed, together with the perceived social support (PSS) by people with anxiety could be related to the psychological distress of people with anxiety. Objectives To study the relationships between mental health and its dimensions, through Golberg's General Health Questionnaire (GHQ12), and the level of PA (PAL) and the PSS in the Spanish adult population with anxiety. Hypothesis A higher PAL, and a higher PSS, is related to a lower psychological distress in this population. Design and Methodology This study included 1,661 adults with anxiety, residents in Spain. It was a cross-sectional study with data obtained from the Spanish National Health Survey. A Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied to examine the data distribution of the variables. The median and interquartile range were used to characterize the sample for continuous variables, and absolute and relative frequencies were used for categorical variables. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to examine the differences between sexes. Dependence between PAL and sex was studied using the chi-square statistic. A Krustal-Wallis test was used to evaluate the existence of differences in the baseline medians on the GHQ-12, according to PAL level. Finally, the correlations between mental health and its dimensions with PAL and the Duke-UNC-11 scores were analysed, obtaining Spearman's rho and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results Moderate inverse correlations were found between the GHQ-12 and: PAL (rho: -0.219); PSS (r: -0.347). PAL and PSS presented moderate inverse correlations with successful coping (rho: -0.206 and r: -0.325), self-esteem (rho: -0.222 and r: -0.333) and stress (rho: -0.158 and r: -0.288). Conclusions Greater PAL and social support are associated with reduced psychological distress in people with anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damián Pereira-Payo
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain
| | - Ángel Denche-Zamorano
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain
| | - Noelia Mayordomo-Pinilla
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Franco-García
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain
| | - Antonio Castillo-Paredes
- Grupo AFySE, Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Las Americas, Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Jorge Rojo-Ramos
- Physical Activity for Education, Performance and Health, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain
| | - Sabina Barrios-Fernández
- Occupation, Participation, Sustainability and Quality of Life (Ability Research Group), Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain
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Albrahim T, Alangry R, Alotaibi R, Almandil L, Alburikan S. Effects of Regular Exercise and Intermittent Fasting on Neurotransmitters, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Cortex of Ovariectomized Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:4270. [PMID: 37836554 PMCID: PMC10574130 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A collection of metabolic disorders and neurodegenerative diseases linked to oxidative stress and neuroinflammation frequently affect postmenopausal women or estrogen deprivation. Recent research has focused on alternative therapies that can enhance these women's quality of life. This study set out to investigate the effects of physical exercise (EX) and intermittent fasting (IF) on oxidants/antioxidants, inflammatory cytokines, neurotransmitters, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the cortex of rats. Additionally, it sought to assess the response to oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the brains of rats following ovariectomy (OVX) and the potential mechanisms of these interventions. Fifty female rats were divided into one of the following groups 30 days after bilateral OVX: Control, OVX, OVX + EX, OVX + IF, and OVX + EX + IF groups. The rats in the Control and OVX groups continued their normal activities and had unrestricted access to food and water, but the rats in the OVX + EX and OVX + EX + IF groups had a 4-week treadmill training program, and the rats in the OXV + IF and OVX + EX + IF groups fasted for 13 h each day. The rats were killed, the cerebral cortex was taken, tissue homogenates were created, and various parameters were estimated using these homogenates. The results show that ovariectomized rats had decreased levels of neurotransmitters (DA, NE, and SE), acetylcholinesterase, brain GSH (glutathione), SOD (superoxide dismutase), catalase, GPx (glutathione peroxidase), and TAC (total antioxidant capacity), as well as elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, Cox-2). While ovariectomy-induced declines in neurotransmitters, enzymatic and nonenzymatic molecules, neuroinflammation, and oxidative brain damage were considerably mitigated and prevented by treadmill exercise and intermittent fasting, BDNF was significantly increased. These results suggest that ovariectomy can impair rat neuronal function and regular treadmill exercise and intermittent fasting seem to protect against ovariectomy-induced neuronal impairment through the inhibition of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation and increased BDNF levels in the brain cortex. However, combining regular exercise and intermittent fasting did not provide additional benefits compared to either treatment alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarfa Albrahim
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Nutrition, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.); (R.A.); (L.A.); (S.A.)
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21
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Wang M, Chen H, Yang F, Xu X, Li J. Effects of digital psychotherapy for depression and anxiety: A systematic review and bayesian network meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 338:569-580. [PMID: 37392941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of digital psychotherapies for depression and anxiety. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analyses (NMA) to make comparisons of digital psychotherapies. METHODS A bayesian NMA was conducted in this study. The databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and CINAL were searched for all eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from Jan 1, 2012 to Oct 1, 2022. We used the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of bias tool for quality assessment. The primary outcomes were set as a standardized mean difference model in efficacy to describe continuous outcomes. We used STATA and WinBUGS to conduct a bayesian network meta-analysis of all interventions based on a random-effects model. This study was registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42022374558. RESULTS From the retrieved 16,750 publications, we included 72 RCTs (13,096 participants) with the overall medium quality and above. In terms of depression scale, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) was more effective than TAU (SMDs 0.53) and NT (SMDs 0.98). In terms of anxiety scale, CBT (SMDs 0.68; SMDs 0.72) and exercise therapy (ERT) (SMDs 1.01; SMDs 1.05) were more effective than TAU and NT. LIMITATIONS Uneven quality of literature, simple network, and subjective judgment. CONCLUSION Based on NMA results, we suggest that CBT, which is the most commonly used digital technology, should be preferred among digital psychotherapy for relieving depression and anxiety symptoms. Digital exercise therapy is an effective strategy to relieve some anxiety problems in the context of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Haoran Chen
- Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Fengchun Yang
- Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Institute of Medical Information/Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100020, China.
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22
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Anwar A, Yadav UN, Huda MN, Das S, Rosenbaum S, Ali ARMM, Mondal PK, Rizwan AAM, Hossain SFA, Das Shuvo S, Mistry SK. Anxiety and Stress Related to COVID-19 Among the Community Dwelling Older Adults Residing in the Largest Refugee Camp of the World. Community Ment Health J 2023; 59:1181-1192. [PMID: 36879112 PMCID: PMC9988202 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-023-01101-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
The current cross-sectional study was conducted among 864 older adults aged ≥ 60 years residing in Rohingya refugee camp through face-to-face interviews during November-December 2021. COVID-19-related anxiety was measured using the five-point Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) and perceived stress using the 10-point Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The linear regression model identified the factors associated with COVID-19-related anxiety and perceived stress. The prevalence of COVID-19-related anxiety and perceived stress was 68% and 93%, respectively. The average COVID-19-related anxiety score expected to be significantly higher among those who were physically inactive, concerned about COVID-19, had a close friend/family member diagnosed with COVID-19, and had some difficulty in getting food and routine medical care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the average perceived stress score was expected to be significantly higher among those without partners, who were feeling overwhelmed by COVID-19, and who experienced COVID-19-related anxiety during the pandemic. The findings suggest providing immediate psychosocial support to older Rohingya adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsana Anwar
- Health and Nutrition, Social Assistance &Amp; Rehabilitation for the Physically Vulnerable (SARPV), SARPV Complex, Link Road, Cox's Bazar, 4700, Bangladesh
| | - Uday Narayan Yadav
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Md Nazmul Huda
- School of Medicine, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
- ARCED Foundation, 13/1, Pallabi, Mirpur-12, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sukanta Das
- Department of Statistics, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Probal Kumar Mondal
- Health and Nutrition, Social Assistance &Amp; Rehabilitation for the Physically Vulnerable (SARPV), SARPV Complex, Link Road, Cox's Bazar, 4700, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Ansar Md Rizwan
- Health and Nutrition, Social Assistance &Amp; Rehabilitation for the Physically Vulnerable (SARPV), SARPV Complex, Link Road, Cox's Bazar, 4700, Bangladesh
| | | | - Suvasish Das Shuvo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Sabuj Kanti Mistry
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
- ARCED Foundation, 13/1, Pallabi, Mirpur-12, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
- Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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23
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Fan X, Menhas R, Laar RA. Repercussions of Pandemic and Preventive Measures on General Well-Being, Psychological Health, Physical Fitness, and Health Behavior: Mediating Role of Coping Behavior. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:2437-2454. [PMID: 37426386 PMCID: PMC10327915 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s405273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pandemic prevention measures increased physical inactivity due to travel restrictions that led to negative physical fitness, health behavior, psychological health, and general well-being. The mediating role of coping behavior must be identified before developing interventional strategies for this pandemic. Objective The study investigates the mediating role of coping behavior to mitigate the Coronavirus disease impact on physical fitness, health behavior, psychological health, and general well-being. Methods A web-based survey was used under convenience sampling to collect the primary data. Smart-PLS 3.0 was used to analyze the collected data. Results All 14 direct correlations (H1-H14) were correct, and coping behavior's mediating impact was shown to be statistically significant (H9a- H14d). Conclusion Our study findings indicate that mediating role of coping behavior in mitigating the pandemic impacts was statistically significant. It is concluded that coping behavior is a healthy adaptation to protecting the barrier against COVID-19 adverse effects on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fan
- College of Physical Education, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rashid Menhas
- Research Center of Sports Social Sciences, College of Physical Education and Sports, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rizwan Ahmed Laar
- College of Physical Education, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, People’s Republic of China
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24
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Szuhany KL, Steinberg MH, McLaughlin NCR, Mancebo MC, Brown RA, Greenberg BD, Simon NM, Abrantes AM. Predictors of Long-Term Exercise Engagement in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: The Role of Physical Activity Enjoyment. Behav Ther 2023; 54:610-622. [PMID: 37330252 PMCID: PMC10279973 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Most U.S. adults, even more so those with psychiatric conditions like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), do not engage in the recommended amount of physical activity (PA), despite the wide array of physical and mental health benefits associated with exercise. Therefore, it is essential to identify mechanistic factors that drive long-term exercise engagement so they can be targeted. Using the science of behavior change (SOBC) framework, this study examined potential predictors of long-term exercise engagement as a first step towards identifying modifiable mechanisms, in individuals with OCD, such as PA enjoyment, positive or negative affect, and behavioral activation. Fifty-six low-active patients (mean age = 38.8 ± 13.0, 64% female) with a primary diagnosis of OCD were randomized to either aerobic exercise (AE; n = 28) or health education (HE; n = 28), and completed measures of exercise engagement, PA enjoyment, behavioral activation, and positive and negative affect at baseline, postintervention, and 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. Significant predictors of long-term exercise engagement up to 6-months postintervention were baseline PA (Estimate = 0.29, 95%CI [0.09, 0.49], p = .005) and higher baseline PA enjoyment (Estimate = 1.09, 95%CI [0.30, 1.89], p = .008). Change in PA enjoyment from baseline to postintervention was greater in AE vs. HE, t(44) = -2.06, p = .046, d = -0.61, but endpoint PA enjoyment did not predict follow-up exercise engagement above and beyond baseline PA enjoyment. Other hypothesized potential mechanisms (baseline affect or behavioral activation) did not significantly predict exercise engagement. Results suggest that PA enjoyment may be an important modifiable target mechanism for intervention, even prior to a formal exercise intervention. Next steps aligned with the SOBC framework are discussed, including examining intervention strategies to target PA enjoyment, particularly among individuals with OCD or other psychiatric conditions, who may benefit most from long-term exercise engagement's effects on physical and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicole C R McLaughlin
- Alpert Medical School-Brown University; COBRE Center for Neuromodulation, Butler Hospital
| | | | | | - Benjamin D Greenberg
- Alpert Medical School-Brown University; COBRE Center for Neuromodulation, Butler Hospital; RR&D Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology VA Providence Healthcare System
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25
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Teckchandani T, Krakauer RL, Andrews KL, Neary JP, Nisbet J, Shields RE, Maguire KQ, Jamshidi L, Afifi TO, Lix LM, Sauer-Zavala S, Asmundson GJG, Krätzig GP, Carleton RN. Prophylactic relationship between mental health disorder symptoms and physical activity of Royal Canadian Mounted Police Cadets during the cadet training program. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1145184. [PMID: 37260953 PMCID: PMC10229095 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1145184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Royal Canadian Mounted Police report experiencing extremely frequent potentially psychologically traumatic events (PPTE). In a recent study, approximately half of participating RCMP screened positive for one or more mental disorders, which is approximately five times the diagnostic proportion for the general Canadian population. Increased reporting of mental health symptoms been linked to PPTE exposures. Programs promoting physical activity may be useful interventions to supplement or pair with mental health interventions, providing anxiolytic, antidepressant, and stress-buffering effects. The current study was designed to assess the relationship between physical activity behaviors and reported mental health disorder symptoms of cadets during the Royal Mounted Canadian Police (RCMP) Cadet Training Program (CTP). The current study also examined the relationship between exercise and mental health disorder symptoms of cadets during the CTP. Methods The study included data from 394 cadets (76.1% male). An analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a series of t-tests were used to assess several differences across sociodemographic groups. Bivariate Spearman's Rank correlations were performed between the average number of active calories burned per day, as recorded by Apple Watches, and changes in self-reported mental health disorder symptoms (i.e., Generalized Anxiety Disorder [GAD], Major Depressive Disorder [MDD], Posttraumatic Stress Disorder [PTSD], Social Anxiety Disorder [SAD]. Alcohol Use Disorders [AUD], Panic Disorder [PD]) from pre-training (starting the CTP) to pre-deployment (completing the CTP) 26 weeks later. Results There were statistically significant correlations between physical activity and self-reported mental health disorder symptom scores during CTP. Cadets who performed more physical activity from pre-training to pre-deployment had statistically significantly greater decreases in symptoms of GAD (ρ = -0.472, p < 0.001), MDD (ρ = -0.307, p < 0.001), PTSD (ρ = -0.343, p < 0.001), and AUD (ρ = -0.085, p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant relationship between physical activity and changes in PD symptoms (ρ = -0.037, p > 0.05). There were also no statistically significant relationships between pre-CTP mental health disorder symptom scores and the volume of physical activity performed during CTP. Conclusion There was evidence of a significant relationship between reductions in mental health disorder symptom scores and physical activity during the 26-week CTP. The results highlight the role that exercise can play as an important tool for reducing mental health disorder symptoms, considering there was no relationship between pre-CTP baseline mental health scores and physical activity performed during CTP. Further research is needed to understand differences in physical activity behaviours among cadets and serving RCMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Teckchandani
- Canadian Institute for Public Safety Research and Treatment-Institut Canadien de recherche et de traitement en sécurité publique (CIPSRT-ICRTSP), University of Regina/Université de Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Rachel L. Krakauer
- Anxiety and Illness Behaviours Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Katie L. Andrews
- Canadian Institute for Public Safety Research and Treatment-Institut Canadien de recherche et de traitement en sécurité publique (CIPSRT-ICRTSP), University of Regina/Université de Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - J. Patrick Neary
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Jolan Nisbet
- Canadian Institute for Public Safety Research and Treatment-Institut Canadien de recherche et de traitement en sécurité publique (CIPSRT-ICRTSP), University of Regina/Université de Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Robyn E. Shields
- Canadian Institute for Public Safety Research and Treatment-Institut Canadien de recherche et de traitement en sécurité publique (CIPSRT-ICRTSP), University of Regina/Université de Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Kirby Q. Maguire
- Canadian Institute for Public Safety Research and Treatment-Institut Canadien de recherche et de traitement en sécurité publique (CIPSRT-ICRTSP), University of Regina/Université de Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Laleh Jamshidi
- Canadian Institute for Public Safety Research and Treatment-Institut Canadien de recherche et de traitement en sécurité publique (CIPSRT-ICRTSP), University of Regina/Université de Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Tracie O. Afifi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Lisa M. Lix
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Gordon J. G. Asmundson
- Anxiety and Illness Behaviours Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | | | - R. Nicholas Carleton
- Canadian Institute for Public Safety Research and Treatment-Institut Canadien de recherche et de traitement en sécurité publique (CIPSRT-ICRTSP), University of Regina/Université de Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
- Anxiety and Illness Behaviours Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
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26
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Zomerdijk N, Jongenelis MI, Collins B, Turner J, Short CE, Smith A, Huntley K. Factors associated with changes in healthy lifestyle behaviors among hematological cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1081397. [PMID: 36968693 PMCID: PMC10033534 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1081397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThere is a paucity of research examining the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the healthy lifestyle behaviors of hematological cancer patients. We examined changes in healthy lifestyle behaviors since the pandemic and identified factors associated with these changes among members of this high-risk population.MethodsHematological cancer patients (n = 394) completed a self-report online survey from July to August 2020. The survey assessed pandemic-related changes in exercise, alcohol consumption, and consumption of fruit, vegetables, and wholegrains. Information relating to several demographic, clinical, and psychological factors was also collected. Factors associated with changes in healthy lifestyle behaviors were analyzed using logistic regression.ResultsJust 14% of patients surveyed reported exercising more during the pandemic (39% exercised less). Only a quarter (24%) improved their diet, while nearly half (45%) reported eating less fruit, vegetables, and wholegrains. Just over a quarter (28%) consumed less alcohol (17% consumed more alcohol). Fear of contracting COVID-19 and psychological distress were significantly associated with reduced exercise. Younger age was significantly associated with both increased alcohol consumption and increased exercise. Being a woman was significantly associated with unfavorable changes in diet and being married was significantly associated with decreased alcohol consumption.ConclusionA substantial proportion of hematological cancer patients reported unfavorable changes in healthy lifestyle behaviors during the pandemic. Results highlight the importance of supporting healthy lifestyle practices among this particularly vulnerable group to ensure health is optimized while undergoing treatment and when in remission, particularly during crisis times like the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke Zomerdijk
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre Alliance, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Nienke Zomerdijk,
| | - Michelle I. Jongenelis
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Behaviour Change, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ben Collins
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jane Turner
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Camille E. Short
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Behaviour Change, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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27
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de Santana EES, Neves LM, de Souza KC, Mendes TB, Rossi FE, da Silva AA, de Oliveira R, Perilhão MS, Roschel H, Gil S. Physically Inactive Undergraduate Students Exhibit More Symptoms of Anxiety, Depression, and Poor Quality of Life than Physically Active Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4494. [PMID: 36901511 PMCID: PMC10001626 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends at least 150 min of moderate or vigorous activity (MVPA) per week for health benefits. However, meeting WHO guidelines for physical activity has been shown to be a great challenge for general populations and it may be even more difficult for undergraduate students due to elevated academic demand, thus negatively affecting general health status. Thus, this study investigated whether undergraduate students meeting WHO guidelines for physical activity show greater scores for symptoms of anxiety, depression, and poor quality of life than their counterparts not meeting guideline recommendations. Additionally, symptoms of anxiety, depression, and poor quality of life among academic areas were compared. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. The participants were recruited through messaging apps or institutional e-mail. The participants filled out an online consent form, questionnaires to assess demographic and academic characteristics, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Beck depression and anxiety inventory, and the short-form 36-item health survey questionnaire. The participants were classified as physically active (MVPA > 150 min/week) or inactive (MVPA < 150 min/week) according to WHO Guidelines. RESULTS A total of 371 individuals were included in the analysis. Physically inactive students demonstrated higher scores of depression (17.96 vs. 14.62; 95% CI: -5.81 to -0.86; p = 0.0083) than physically active ones. SF-36 analyses revealed that physically inactive students had lower values in mental (45.68 vs. 52.77; 95% CI: 2.10 to 12.06; p = 0.0054) and physical (59.37 vs. 67.14; 95% CI: 3.24 to 12.30; p = 0.0015) domains compared with physically active ones. As for SF-36 subscales, physically inactive students showed lower scores in function capacity (70.45 vs. 79.70; 95% CI: 4.27 to 14.49; p = 0.0003), mental health (45.57 vs. 55.60; 95% CI: 5.28 to 14.76; p < 0.0001), social aspects (48.91 vs. 57.69; 95%CI: 3.47 to 14.08; p = 0.0012), vitality (42.19 vs. 50.61; 95% CI: 3.47 to 13.35; p = 0.0009), pain (61.85 vs. 68.00; 95% CI: 1.27 to 11.02; p = 0.0135), and general health status (53.82 vs. 63.81; 95% CI: 5.21 to 14.75; p < 0.0001) than their physically active peers. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that undergraduate students who do not meet WHO guidelines for physical activity display higher scores of anxiety, depression, and poor quality of life in comparison with their counterparts meeting physical activity guidelines. Collectively, these data suggest the need for academic institutions and policy makers to monitor and promote in-campus interventions to encourage physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas Melo Neves
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University, Sao Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
- Bipolar Disorder Program (PROMAN), Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Karla Cardoso de Souza
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University, Sao Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Tassia Barcelos Mendes
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University, Sao Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Eduardo Rossi
- Immunometabolism of Skeletal Muscle and Exercise Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Ariana Aline da Silva
- Programa de Atividades Esportivas Extensivas à Comunidade—PAEC, Santo Amaro University, São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Rosemeire de Oliveira
- Programa de Atividades Esportivas Extensivas à Comunidade—PAEC, Santo Amaro University, São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Mauro Sergio Perilhão
- Programa de Atividades Esportivas Extensivas à Comunidade—PAEC, Santo Amaro University, São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Roschel
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, School of Medicine FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Saulo Gil
- Programa de Atividades Esportivas Extensivas à Comunidade—PAEC, Santo Amaro University, São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University, Sao Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, School of Medicine FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
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28
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Mason JE, Asmundson GJG. Cognitive behavioural techniques reduce exercise anxiety and improve adherence to a resistance training program for people with anxiety-related disorders: A randomized controlled trial. J Anxiety Disord 2023; 95:102693. [PMID: 36905851 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Exercise is a cost-efficient alternative to other interventions for anxiety-related disorders (ARDs; e.g., psychotherapy, pharmaceutical) that is also associated with health benefits. Several exercise modalities, including resistance training (RT), have demonstrated efficacy at reducing symptoms of ARDs; however, there are challenges associated with effectively implementing such protocols, most notably, exercise avoidance or early discontinuation. Researchers have identified exercise anxiety as a contributor to exercise avoidance for people with ARDs. Exercise-based interventions for people with ARDs may need to include strategies for helping these individuals cope with exercise anxiety to facilitate long-term exercise engagement; however, research in this area is lacking. The primary purpose of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to examine the effects of combining cognitive behavioural techniques (CBT) with a RT program on changes in exercise anxiety, exercise frequency, disorder-specific anxiety symptoms, and physical activity for people with ARDs. A secondary purpose was to explore group differences in exercise motivation and exercise self-efficacy across time. A total of 59 physically inactive individuals with ARDs were randomized into either RT + CBT, RT, or waitlist (WL). Primary measures were assessed at baseline, weekly during the 4-week active phase, and at 1-week, 1-month, and 3-month follow-ups. Findings indicate both RT and RT + CBT can reduce exercise anxiety; however, the addition of CBT techniques may help facilitate improvements in exercise self-efficacy, reductions in disorder-specific anxiety, and increases in long-term exercise behaviour and vigorous physical activity. These techniques may be useful for researchers and clinicians alike in supporting individuals with ARDs interested in using exercise to cope with elevated anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Mason
- Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Canada
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Demnitz-King H, Saba L, Lau Y, Munns L, Zabihi S, Schlosser M, Del-Pino-Casado R, Orgeta V, Marchant NL. Association between anxiety symptoms and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in cognitively healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychosom Res 2023; 166:111159. [PMID: 36709611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anxiety has been identified as both a risk factor and prodromal symptom for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias, however, the underlying neurobiological correlates remain unknown. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the association between anxiety symptoms and two defining markers of AD neuropathology: amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau. METHODS Systematic literature searches were conducted across 5 databases. Studies investigating the relationship between anxiety and AD neuropathology (i.e., Aβ and/or tau) in cognitively healthy adults were eligible. Where possible, effect sizes were combined across studies, for Aβ and tau separately, using random-effects meta-analyses. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess whether results differed according to anxiety type (i.e., state and trait) and biomarker assessment modality (i.e., positron emission tomography and cerebrospinal fluid). RESULTS Twenty-seven studies reporting data from 14 unique cohorts met eligibility criteria. Random-effects meta-analyses revealed no associations between self-reported anxiety symptoms and either Aβ (13 studies, Fisher's z = 0.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.01-0.05, p = 0.194) or tau (4 studies, Fisher's z = 0.04, 95% CI -0.02-0.09, p = 0.235). Results remained unchanged across sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS In cognitively healthy adults, meta-analytic syntheses revealed no associations between anxiety symptoms and either Aβ or tau. There is a critical need, however, for larger studies with follow-up periods to examine the effect of anxiety symptom onset, severity, and chronicity on AD neuropathology. Additionally, further research investigating other potential neurobiological correlates is crucial to advance scientific understanding of the relationship between anxiety and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Saba
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yolanda Lau
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lydia Munns
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Sedigheh Zabihi
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Schlosser
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Vasiliki Orgeta
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie L Marchant
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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30
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Brierley MEE, Albertella L, Christensen E, Rotaru K, Jacka FN, Segrave RA, Richardson KE, Lee RS, Kayayan E, Hughes S, Yücel M, Fontenelle LF. Lifestyle risk factors for obsessive-compulsive symptoms and related phenomena: What should lifestyle interventions target? Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2023; 57:379-390. [PMID: 35362326 DOI: 10.1177/00048674221085923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Understanding the impact of lifestyle on mental illness symptoms is important for informing psycho-education and developing interventions which target mental and physical comorbidities. Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders can have a significant impact on health-related quality of life and physical health. However, our understanding of the impact of lifestyle on obsessive-compulsive symptoms and broader compulsive and impulsive problematic repetitive behaviours is limited. AIMS We investigated whether lifestyle factors predicted change in obsessive-compulsive symptoms and problematic repetitive behaviours in a general population sample over a 3-month period. METHODS Eight hundred thirty-five participants completed an online questionnaire battery assessing lifestyle and mental health. Of these, 538 participants completed the same battery 3 months later. We conducted negative binomial regressions to analyse the association of lifestyle factors at baseline with future (1) obsessive-compulsive symptoms, (2) compulsive problematic repetitive behaviours and (3) impulsive problematic repetitive behaviours, adjusting for baseline obsessive-compulsive symptoms and problematic repetitive behaviours. RESULTS Lower vegetable (p = 0.020) and oily fish (p = 0.040) intake and lower moderate intensity physical activity (p = 0.008) predicted higher obsessive-compulsive symptoms at follow-up. Higher intake of high-fat foods (p < 0.001) predicted higher compulsive problematic repetitive behaviours at follow-up. No lifestyle factors significantly predicted impulsive problematic repetitive behaviours at follow-up. CONCLUSION Our results speak to the potential importance of lifestyle quality screening, education and lifestyle interventions (e.g. an anti-inflammatory diet) for individuals experiencing compulsivity-related behaviours and/or symptoms. Further research into potential mechanisms of action will allow for more targeted approaches to lifestyle interventions for transdiagnostic compulsive behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Ellen E Brierley
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Lucy Albertella
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Erynn Christensen
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Kristian Rotaru
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Monash Business School, Monash University, Caulfield, VIC, Australia
| | - Felice N Jacka
- Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Food and Mood Centre, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Rebecca A Segrave
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Karyn E Richardson
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Rico Sc Lee
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Edouard Kayayan
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Sam Hughes
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Murat Yücel
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Leonardo F Fontenelle
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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31
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Jacob L, Smith L, Kostev K, Oh H, Gyasi RM, López Sánchez GF, Song TJ, Tully MA, Haro JM, Yon DK, Shin JI, Koyanagi A. Food insecurity and insomnia-related symptoms among adults from low- and middle-income countries. J Sleep Res 2023:e13852. [PMID: 36808652 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the relationship between food insecurity and sleep problems in low- and middle-income countries, while the mediators of this association are largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated the association between food insecurity and insomnia-related symptoms in six low- and middle-income countries (i.e., China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia, South Africa), and the potential mediators of this relationship. Cross-sectional, nationally representative data from the Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (2007-2010) were analysed. Past 12-month food insecurity was assessed with two questions on the frequency of eating less, and on hunger owing to a lack of food. Insomnia-related symptoms referred to severe or extreme sleep problems in the past 30 days. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analysis were conducted. Data on 42,489 adults aged ≥18 years were analysed (mean [standard deviation] age 43.8 [14.4] years; 50.1% females). The prevalence of any food insecurity and insomnia-related symptoms was 11.9% and 4.4%, respectively. After adjustment, compared with no food insecurity, moderate (odds ratio = 1.53, 95% confidence interval = 1.11-2.10) and severe food insecurity (odds ratio = 2.35, 95% confidence interval = 1.56-3.55) were significantly associated with insomnia-related symptoms. Anxiety, perceived stress, and depression mediated 27.7%, 13.5%, and 12.5% of the relationship between any food insecurity and insomnia-related symptoms, respectively (total percentage = 43.3%). Food insecurity was positively associated with insomnia-related symptoms in adults from six low- and middle-income countries. Anxiety, perceived stress, and depression explained a substantial proportion of this relationship. Addressing food insecurity itself or the identified potential mediators among people with food insecurity may lead to a reduction in sleep problems among adults in low- and middle-income countries, pending confirmation with longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Jacob
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Lariboisière-Fernand Widal Hospital, AP-HP, University Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance, and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Razak M Gyasi
- Aging and Development Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Guillermo F López Sánchez
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Tae-Jin Song
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mark A Tully
- School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry, UK
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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Deslippe AL, Soanes A, Bouchaud CC, Beckenstein H, Slim M, Plourde H, Cohen TR. Barriers and facilitators to diet, physical activity and lifestyle behavior intervention adherence: a qualitative systematic review of the literature. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:14. [PMID: 36782207 PMCID: PMC9925368 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01424-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consuming a balanced diet and regular activity have health benefits. However, many adults have a difficult time adhering to diet and activity recommendations, especially in lifestyle interventions. Adherence to recommendations could be improved if common facilitators and barriers are accounted for in intervention design. The aim of this systematic review was to understand perceived barriers and facilitators to lifestyle (diet and/or activity) intervention guidelines. METHODS This review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Studies included relied on qualitative methods to explore the barriers and facilitators healthy adults ([Formula: see text] 18 years) experienced in lifestyle interventions. Google Scholar, Cochrane Reviews, Medline, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched from January 2005 to October 2021. Main themes from each paper were thematically analyzed and reported as a barrier or facilitator to adherence at the individual, environment or intervention level using inductively derived themes. Study quality was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. RESULTS Thirty-five papers were included. Of these, 46% were conducted in North America and the majority had more female participants (86% in mixed-sex studies, 26% females only). Similar themes emerged across all three levels as facilitators and barriers. At the individual level, attitudes, concern for health and physical changes. At the environmental level, social support, social accountability, changeable and unchangeable aspects of the community. Finally, delivery and design and content at the intervention level. An additional facilitator at the intervention level included fostering self-regulation through Behavior Change Taxonomies (BCT). CONCLUSIONS Lifestyle interventions that foster self-regulatory skills, opportunities for social engagement and personalization of goals may improve behaviour adherence. This can be achieved through inclusion of BCT, tapering off of intervention supports, identification of meaningful goals and anticipated barriers with participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysha L. Deslippe
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Food, Nutrition and Health, the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada ,grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788Healthy Starts, British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Alexandra Soanes
- grid.143640.40000 0004 1936 9465School of Exercise Science, Physical & Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Celeste C. Bouchaud
- grid.410319.e0000 0004 1936 8630PERFORM Research Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Hailee Beckenstein
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - May Slim
- grid.410319.e0000 0004 1936 8630PERFORM Research Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Hugues Plourde
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Tamara R. Cohen
- grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Food, Nutrition and Health, the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada ,grid.414137.40000 0001 0684 7788Healthy Starts, British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada ,grid.410319.e0000 0004 1936 8630PERFORM Research Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
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Li Y, Hou T, Cheng M, Miao Y, Yeerjang Y, Sheng CS, Xue K, Wu C, Zhang S, Yan Q, Pei J, Yang Q, Tian J, Xu W, Shi Y. Anxiety prevalence and its association with physical activity in patients with non-communicable diseases during COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:317. [PMID: 36782166 PMCID: PMC9924212 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14369-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic may have created great psychological stress among vulnerable populations. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and explore the association between physical activities (PA) and anxiety risk in people with non-communicable diseases during the period of COVID-19 lockdown. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional telephone survey from February 25 to April 20, 2020, the period of COVID-19 lockdown in Shanghai. Up to 8000 patients with type 2 diabetes and/or hypertension were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling. PA level was measured based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire using Metabolic Equivalent for Task scores, while symptoms of anxiety were assessed by the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the associations of type and level of PA with the risk of anxiety. RESULTS Of a total 4877 eligible patients, 2602 (53.4%) reported with anxiety, and 2463 (50.5%), 123 (2.5%) and 16 (0.3%) reported with mild, moderate, and severe anxiety. The prevalence of anxiety was higher in the females, the elders, non-smokers, non-drinkers, and patients with diabetes, and the associations of anxiety with sex, age, smoking, drinking and diagnosis of diabetes were significant. A significant negative association was observed for housework activities (OR 0.53, 95%CI: [0.45, 0.63], p < 0.001) and trip activities (OR 0.55, 95%CI: [0.48, 0.63], p < 0.001) with anxiety, but no significant was found for exercise activities (OR 1.06, 95%CI: [0.94, 1.20], p = 0.321). Compared with patients with a low PA level, those with a moderate (OR 0.53, 95%CI: [0.44, 0.64], p < 0.001) or a high PA level (OR 0.51, 95%CI: [0.43, 0.51], p < 0.001) had a lower prevalence of anxiety. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates a higher prevalence of anxiety in patients with hypertension, diabetes, or both during the COVID-19 lockdown. The negative associations of housework and trip activities with anxiety highlight the potential benefit of PA among patients with non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyun Li
- grid.430328.eShanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianzhichao Hou
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minna Cheng
- grid.430328.eShanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Miao
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yeerzati Yeerjang
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment (National Health Commission), School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-sheng Sheng
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Center for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials and Center for Vascular Evaluation, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Xue
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cui Wu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Baoshan District, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- grid.430328.eShanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinghua Yan
- grid.430328.eShanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Pei
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment (National Health Commission), School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinping Yang
- grid.430328.eShanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyan Tian
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Wanghong Xu
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment (National Health Commission), School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan Shi
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Brizzolari A, Bosco G, Vezzoli A, Dellanoce C, Barassi A, Paganini M, Cialoni D, Mrakic-Sposta S. Seasonal Oxy-Inflammation and Hydration Status in Non-Elite Freeskiing Racer: A Pilot Study by Non-Invasive Analytic Method. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3157. [PMID: 36833850 PMCID: PMC9960265 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Freeskiing is performed in an extreme environment, with significant physical effort that can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and dehydration. This study aimed to investigate the evolution of the oxy-inflammation and hydration status during a freeskiing training season with non-invasive methods. Eight trained freeskiers were investigated during a season training: T0 (beginning), T1-T3 (training sessions), and T4 (after the end). Urine and saliva were collected at T0, before (A) and after (B) T1-T3, and at T4. ROS, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nitric oxide (NO) derivatives, neopterin, and electrolyte balance changes were investigated. We found significant increases in ROS generation (T1A-B +71%; T2A-B +65%; T3A-B +49%; p < 0.05-0.01) and IL-6 (T2A-B +112%; T3A-B +133%; p < 0.01). We did not observe significant variation of TAC and NOx after training sessions. Furthermore, ROS and IL-6 showed statistically significant differences between T0 and T4 (ROS +48%, IL-6 +86%; p < 0.05). Freeskiing induced an increase in ROS production, which can be contained by antioxidant defense activation, and in IL-6, as a consequence of physical activity and skeletal muscular contraction. We did not find deep changes in electrolytes balance, likely because all freeskiers were well-trained and very experienced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Brizzolari
- Environmental Physiology and Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- DAN Europe Research Division, 64026 Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy
| | - Gerardo Bosco
- Environmental Physiology and Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vezzoli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (IFC-CNR), Piazza dell’Ospedale Maggiore, 3, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Dellanoce
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (IFC-CNR), Piazza dell’Ospedale Maggiore, 3, 20162 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Barassi
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Paganini
- Environmental Physiology and Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Danilo Cialoni
- Environmental Physiology and Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- DAN Europe Research Division, 64026 Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy
| | - Simona Mrakic-Sposta
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (IFC-CNR), Piazza dell’Ospedale Maggiore, 3, 20162 Milan, Italy
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Zeitoun T, Plante A, Sabiston CM, Dieudé M, Doré I. The Association between Change in Lifestyle Behaviors and Mental Health Indicators in Immunosuppressed Individuals during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2099. [PMID: 36767466 PMCID: PMC9916248 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Little is known on how changes in lifestyle behaviors affect mental health among immunosuppressed individuals who observed stricter physical and social distancing measures due to higher risk of complications during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines the association between changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary time (ST) and sleep duration following COVID-19 outbreak on mental health indicators of immunosuppressed individuals and their relatives. Participants (n = 132) completed an online questionnaire between May and August 2020. Linear regressions were conducted to assess the associations between an increase or decrease in lifestyle behaviors and mental health indicators. Individuals with decreased MVPA and increased ST experienced higher distress, anxiety and depressive symptoms. Those who reported an increase or decrease in sleep had higher levels of stress, distress and depressive symptoms. Decreases in sleep was associated with higher anxiety symptoms. Lifestyle behaviors in the context of a stressful life event such as the COVID-19 pandemic may impact mental health indicators of immunosuppressed individuals and their relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Zeitoun
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | | | - Catherine M. Sabiston
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada
| | - Mélanie Dieudé
- CHUM Research Centre, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Canadian Donation and Transplant Research Program (CDTRP), Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Héma-Québec, Montréal, QC H4R 2W7, Canada
| | - Isabelle Doré
- CHUM Research Centre, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
- Canadian Donation and Transplant Research Program (CDTRP), Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- School of Kinesiology and Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
- Social and Preventive Medicine Department, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada
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Plaza-Ccuno JNR, Vasquez Puri C, Calizaya-Milla YE, Morales-García WC, Huancahuire-Vega S, Soriano-Moreno AN, Saintila J. Physical Inactivity is Associated with Job Burnout in Health Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2023; 16:725-733. [PMID: 37091916 PMCID: PMC10120824 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s393311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The pandemic has drastically impacted lifestyles, including the frequency, duration, and intensity of physical activity, which, in turn, leads to negative effects on job burnout among healthcare workers. Objective This study evaluated the association between the level of physical activity and job burnout in a sample of health professionals during health emergency. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 300 workers working in a public hospital, located in the city of Rioja, Department of San Martin, Peru, were considered. Data were collected through an online and face-to-face survey. Job burnout was assessed using a validated questionnaire adapted to the Peruvian population and physical activity was assessed based on a single item. Crude and adjusted linear regression models were created to assess the association between the frequency of physical activity performed weekly and the level of job burnout. Results In the crude models, it was observed that participants who performed physical activity 1-2 times, 3-4 times, or more than 4 times per week had, respectively, 6.29 (95% CI, 11.00-1.59), 14.28 (95% CI, 21.70-6.85), and 14.95 (95% CI, 25.17-4.72) lower job burnout points compared to those who never performed physical activity. In the model adjusted for confounding variables, the association of this result was maintained, showing a dose-response effect. Conclusion These findings suggest the need for the implementation of health education programs that include physical activity to minimize the negative effects of job burnout and ensure better medical care by health professionals for the benefit of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wilter C Morales-García
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Salomon Huancahuire-Vega
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Anderson N Soriano-Moreno
- Clinical and Epidemiological Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
- Correspondence: Anderson N Soriano-Moreno, Clinical and Epidemiological Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Union, Lima, Peru, Email
| | - Jacksaint Saintila
- School of Medicine, Señor de Sipán University, Chiclayo, Perú
- Jacksaint Saintila, School of Medicine, Señor de Sipán University, Km 5, Carretera a Pimentel, Chiclayo, Lambayeque, 14001, Perú, Email
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Hosak L, Hosakova K, Malekirad M, Kamaradova Koncelikova D, Zapletalova J, Latalova K. Environmental Factors in the Etiology of Mental Disorders in the Czech Republic. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:349-359. [PMID: 36785848 PMCID: PMC9922064 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s379811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both genetic and environmental factors are important in etiology of mental disorders. Calculating polyenviromic risk/protective scores provides an updated perspective in research on the environmental causes of psychiatric disorders. We aimed to compare environmental risk and protective factors in patients with psychosis or a mood disorder (PSYCH+MOOD) and those with an anxiety disorder (ANX). METHODS We administered the internationally accepted questionnaire from the EUropean Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) study, enriched with mood and anxiety disorder-relevant measures, to patients at two large university hospitals in the Czech Republic. RESULTS Ninety-four PSYCH+MOOD patients (average age 42.5 years; 46 males) and 52 ANX patients (average age 47.2 years; 17 males) participated. Neither polyenviromic risk score nor polyenviromic protective score differed significantly between PSYCH+MOOD and ANX groups (p = 0.149; p = 0.466, respectively). CONCLUSION Scientific validity of the polyenviromic risk/protective score construct must still be demonstrated in large psychiatric samples, ideally in prospective studies. Nevertheless, researchers have already started to investigate environmental factors in the etiology of mental disorders in their complexity, similarly to polygenic risk scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Hosak
- Department of Psychiatry, Charles University, School of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Hosakova
- Department of Psychiatry, Charles University, School of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Mohammad Malekirad
- Department of Psychiatry, Charles University, School of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Kamaradova Koncelikova
- Department of Psychiatry, Palacky University Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Zapletalova
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Palacky University Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Klara Latalova
- Department of Psychiatry, Palacky University Olomouc, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and University Hospital, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Seward R, Redner R. Step it UP! Game increases steps of adults with disabilities. J Appl Behav Anal 2023; 56:231-240. [PMID: 36493389 DOI: 10.1002/jaba.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Engaging in regular physical activity has been shown to decrease the risk of health conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, and high blood pressure. Several studies have shown that physical activity is lower among individuals with neuro-atypical developmental and intellectual disabilities as compared to neurotypical individuals. The current study evaluated the effects of the Step it UP! Game on the mean number of steps taken per minute with adults with disabilities. Participants were divided into 2 competing teams, and the team with the highest step count at the end of each session participated in a prize drawing. The Step it UP! Game was compared to baseline conditions using a multielement design. Mean step count increased from 24.35 steps per minute during baseline to 54.76 steps per minute during the intervention. All 10 participants took more steps during the Step it UP! Game.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Seward
- School of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, Southern Illinois University
| | - Ryan Redner
- School of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, Southern Illinois University
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Liu Y, Chen L, Zhou H, Guan H, Feng Y, Yangji B, Liu Q, Liu X, Xia J, Li J, Zhao X. Does awareness of diabetic status increase risk of depressive or anxious symptoms? Findings from the China Multi-Ethnic cohort (CMEC) study. J Affect Disord 2023; 320:218-229. [PMID: 36191641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION People with diabetes mellitus (DM) have increased risk of depressive symptoms (DS) or anxious symptoms (AS). This study explores whether awareness of DM will contribute to prevalence of DS or AS. METHODS The baseline data including 81,717 adults from Southwest China was analyzed. DS and AS were assessed using PHQ-2 and GAD-2. Exposures were defined as 1) having self-reported physician diagnosis of diabetes (self-reported DM), 2) no prior diagnosis of diabetes but meeting diagnostic criteria (newly diagnosed DM), 3) having self-reported physician diagnosis or meeting criteria of non-diabetic diseases (non-diabetic patients), 4) healthy participants. Generalized linear mixed models were used to assess impact of presence and awareness of DM on DS or AS, adjusting for regional and individual related factors. RESULTS The prevalence of DS in self-reported DM, newly diagnosed DM, non-diabetic patient and healthy participants was 7.08 %, 4.30 %, 5.37 % and 3.17 %. The prevalence of AS was 7.80 %, 5.77 %, 6.37 % and 3.91 %. After adjusting for related factors, compared with healthy participants, self-reported DM and non-diabetic patients were associated with DS [AORDS, self-reported = 1.443(1.218,1.710), AORDS, nondiabetic patients = 1.265(1.143,1.400)], while the association between newly diagnosed DM and DS was not statistically significant. The associations between self-reported DM, newly diagnosed DM, non-diabetic patients and AS were all statistically significant. LIMITATIONS DS and AS were assessed through self-report and may suffer recall or information bias. CONCLUSIONS The association between awareness of diabetes and DS/AS suggests to pay attention to distinguish between self-reported and newly diagnosed DM and screening for DS and AS in diabetic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liling Chen
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Hanwen Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Han Guan
- School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuemei Feng
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Baima Yangji
- School of Medicine, Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China
| | - Qiaolan Liu
- Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinjie Xia
- Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingzhong Li
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xing Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Rodríguez-Romo G, Acebes-Sánchez J, García-Merino S, Garrido-Muñoz M, Blanco-García C, Diez-Vega I. Physical Activity and Mental Health in Undergraduate Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:195. [PMID: 36612516 PMCID: PMC9819335 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Most research support positive relationships between physical activity and mental health. However, possible moderating variables of these relationships have also been identified, such as age, gender, level of physical activity, and the scope of physical activity. This study aimed to analyze the relationships between physical activity and mental health levels in undergraduate students, assessing whether these associations can change depending on the level of physical activity (low, medium, or high) and the setting (occupational, commuting, or leisure time physical activity) in which it was performed. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample comprised 847 undergraduate students. Physical activity and mental health were measured by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQv2) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). We found relationships between students' physical activity level and their mental health status. The higher the total physical activity, the better their mental health scores. High levels of commuting and leisure time physical activity is also associated with better mental health, while only moderate levels of occupational physical activity are associated with better mental health status. Regarding the possible associations between physical activity and vulnerability to mental health problems, with the fully adjusted regression model, leisure time and occupational physical activity remain protective of a poor state of mental health. Leisure time physical activity, performed at a high level, and moderate occupational physical activity seems to be the best combination of physical activity to reduce students' vulnerability to potential mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Rodríguez-Romo
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Acebes-Sánchez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia García-Merino
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria (UFV), 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Garrido-Muñoz
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecilia Blanco-García
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Diez-Vega
- Departamento de Enfermería y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de León, 24007 León, Spain
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Antunes R, Monteiro D, Silva C, Filipe D, Cordeiro F, Frontini R. Motivation and anxiety during the second COVID-19 lockdown in gym exercisers: The mediating role of affects and satisfaction with life. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-11. [PMID: 36468169 PMCID: PMC9684858 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03908-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the association between motivation (self-determined and non-self-determined motivation), positive and negative affect, life satisfaction and state-anxiety in a sample of gym exercisers, during the 2nd COVID-19 lockdown in Portugal. Also, we aimed to analyze the possible mediating role of positive and negative affect and life satisfaction in the relationship between motivation and levels of state-anxiety. A total of 201 gym participants (30.42 ± 11.22) were enrolled in the present study, of which 116 (57.7%) were women and 85 (42.3%) were men. The survey included sociodemographic data as well as the subsequently validated instruments: the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. The results revealed a positive association between state-anxiety and negative affect (r = .69), controlled motivation (r = .33), and autonomous motivation (r = .25). Still, state-anxiety was negatively associated with positive affect (r = -.40) and with satisfaction with life (r = -.43),. In addition, the results of mediation analysis, revealed inconsistent mediation of positive affect and life satisfaction in the relationship between autonomous motivation and state-anxiety. However, a total mediation was observed through negative affect and life satisfaction in the relationship between controlled motivation and anxiety since the indirect effect (β = .27) is higher than the direct effect (β = .06). Overall, the results reinforce that positive affect and satisfaction with life could act as a possible buffer against state-anxiety in gym exercisers and, thus, should be considered in future interventions and studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Antunes
- CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - D. Monteiro
- CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - C. Silva
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - D. Filipe
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - F. Cordeiro
- ESECS, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
| | - R. Frontini
- CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
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Kajtna T, Vučković V. Effect of decrease of physical activity on depression and anxiety after the COVID-19 lockdown: A survey study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:961798. [PMID: 36467209 PMCID: PMC9714622 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.961798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We focused on changes in the amount of physical activity (PA) and depression and anxiety symptoms in people, who were previously regularly physically active, as they were all members of fitness centers at time of lockdown because of COVID-19. Materials and methods We sampled 150 fitness center members, tested individually in facilities of fitness centers. Depression and anxiety were measured with subscales of Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) and PA was measured with global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ). Results We found that depression (t = -1.97; p < 0.05) and anxiety (t = -2.66; p < 0.05) was more present in female participants than male participants, single participants experienced more depression (t = 2.04; p < 0.05) than participants in relationship, unemployed participants experienced more depression (F = 3,24; p < 0.05) and anxiety (F = 5,32; p < 0.01) than employed participants and participants with lower levels of education experienced higher levels of affective depression (F = 3,42; p < 0.05) and physiological anxiety (F = 3,72; p < 0.05) than participants with higher levels of education. Finally, we found that mental health can be influenced by changes in amount of movement-both anxiety (p < 0.05) and depression (p < 0.05) (in whole and its specific dimensions) increased for male participants when there is less strenuous work-related activity, less walking, or cycling to work and when they would spend more time each day sitting. For female participants, affective depression (t = 3.78; p < 0.01) and anxiety (t = 3.23; p < 0.01) increased with increased sitting time. Ex-competitive athletes are particularly immune to anxiety (t = -2.18; p < 0.05) and depression (t = -2.09; p < 0.05). Discussion As in some previous studies, our results show that because of lockdown, the most endangered groups for mood disorders are women, singles, unemployed and students, uneducated people and those, who had less PA, and more sitting time. Additionally, those who had some sport competitive history are less endangered for depression and anxiety. Conclusion Isolation has great impact on mental health, the most effective solution to stress relief and anxiety is physical exercise, which was limited or non-existent in the time of pandemic. Ex-professional athletes are especially immune to anxiety and depression in events such as COVID-19 lockdown. For future studies we recommend focusing on likelihood of increased depression and anxiety levels in individuals, who were physically active before the isolation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Kajtna
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Curtiss JE, Pinaire M, Fulford D, McNally RJ, Hofmann SG. Temporal and contemporaneous network structures of affect and physical activity in emotional disorders. J Affect Disord 2022; 315:139-147. [PMID: 35907480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High negative affect, low positive affect, and limited physical activity figure prominently in psychopathology, but little is known about the interrelatedness of affect and physical activity in emotional disorders. METHODS We combined ecological momentary assessment data with a network approach to examine the dynamic relations among positive affect, negative affect, and smartphone-based estimates of physical activity in 34 participants with anxiety and depressive disorders over a 2-week period. RESULTS In the contemporaneous networks, the positive affect nodes exhibited greater overall strength centrality than negative affect nodes. The temporal networks indicated that the negative affect node 'sadness' exhibited the greatest out-strength centrality. Furthermore, physical activity was unconnected to the affect nodes in either the temporal or contemporaneous networks. CONCLUSIONS Whereas positive affect plays a greater role in the contemporaneous experience of emotions, negative affect contributes more so to future affective states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua E Curtiss
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States of America.
| | - Megan Pinaire
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, United States of America
| | - Daniel Fulford
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, United States of America; College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, United States of America
| | - Richard J McNally
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, United States of America
| | - Stefan G Hofmann
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, United States of America; Department of Clinical Psychology, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany
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Shiri R, Väänänen A, Mattila-Holappa P, Kauppi K, Borg P. The Effect of Healthy Lifestyle Changes on Work Ability and Mental Health Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13206. [PMID: 36293787 PMCID: PMC9603567 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effects of lifestyle interventions on the prevention of a decline in work ability and mental health are not well known. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to examine the effects of healthy lifestyle changes on work ability, sleep, and mental health. METHODS Workers aged 18-65 years, who were free from cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and malignant diseases, and did not use medication for obesity or lipids were included (N = 319). Based on their cholesterol balance, participants were classified into medium-risk and high-risk groups and were randomized into four arms: group lifestyle coaching (N = 107), individual lifestyle coaching (N = 53), the control group for group coaching (N = 106), and the control group for individual coaching (N = 53). The intervention groups received eight sessions of mostly remote coaching for 8 weeks about healthy diet, physical activity, other lifestyle habits, and sources/management of stress and sleep problems, and the control groups received no intervention. In individual coaching, the coach focused more on individual problem solving and the possibilities for motivation and change. The intention-to-treat principle was applied, and missing data on the outcomes were imputed using multiple imputation. RESULTS After the completion of the intervention, the risk of depressive symptoms was lower by 53% (95% CI 1-77%) in participants who received individual lifestyle coaching compared with the control group. The intervention had no beneficial effects on anxiety, work ability, sleep duration, or daily stress. In subgroup analyses, group lifestyle coaching had beneficial effects on depressive symptoms and work ability in participants with less tight schedules or less stretching work, whereas individual lifestyle coaching lowered the risk of depressive symptoms in those with fewer overlapping jobs, less tight schedules, or less stretching work. CONCLUSION Short but intensive remote lifestyle coaching can reduce depressive symptoms and improve work ability, and time-related resources at work may improve mental health in the context of individual lifestyle intervention. However, further randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahman Shiri
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Työterveyslaitos, P.O. Box 40, FI-00032 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ari Väänänen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Työterveyslaitos, P.O. Box 40, FI-00032 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pauliina Mattila-Holappa
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Työterveyslaitos, P.O. Box 40, FI-00032 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Patrik Borg
- Aisti Health Ltd., FI-00120 Helsinki, Finland
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Zou J. An Empirical Analysis of the Effects of Physical Exercise on Adolescent Mental Health and Its Mediating Mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2022:2482884. [PMID: 36246463 PMCID: PMC9568337 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2482884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The use of physical exercise for the purpose of maintaining adolescents' mental health is an important topic of psychological research. However, there is no unified conclusion on the effect of physical exercise time on the level of mental health. This paper investigates the causal effect of physical activity on adolescent mental health using a multilayer linear modeling approach and a Bootstrap method to test for possible mediating effects. The results of the study showed that there was a nonlinear inverted U-shaped relationship between physical activity time and adolescent mental health, with a threshold value of 105 min, and the results of the mediating effect analysis showed that self-assessment of health, self-confidence, academic stress, peer relationships, and positive peer behaviour were important mediating mechanisms between physical activity and mental health. The results of the mediation effect analysis showed that physical exercise was an important mediating mechanism between self-assessment, confidence, academic stress, peer relationship, and positive peer behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Zou
- School of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116029 Liaoning, China
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46
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Lee D. Investigation of gender differences in multivariate associations between physical activity and psychological distress. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:2220-2229. [PMID: 33296292 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1846049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ObjectiveThe study examined gender differences in the relationship between physical activity (PA) and psychological distress in college students. Participants: The participants were recruited at a university in the U.S. (91 subjects) and another university in South Korea (164 subjects) in November 2016. Methods: The subjects participated in an online survey. Results: PA had a significant association with a decrease of Psychological Distress only in women (β = -.27). Moreover, Social Support for PA (β = -.11) and PA Self-Efficacy (β = -.08) had an indirect effect on Psychological Distress only in Women. Conclusions: Only women showed a significant association between PA and psychological distress. PA Self-Efficacy and Social Support for PA were indirectly associated with Psychological Distress only in women. Moreover, women could be motivated to be physically active by both Social Support for PA and PA Self-Efficacy, whereas men could be motivated to exercise by PA Self-Efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohyun Lee
- Department of Kinesiology and Recreation Administration, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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47
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Wen X, Zhu F, Yuan Z, Mao Z. Relationship between physical activity, screen-related sedentary behaviors and anxiety among adolescents in less developed areas of China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30848. [PMID: 36181048 PMCID: PMC9524945 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the association between physical activity, screen-related sedentary behaviors, and anxiety. The current study used latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify homogenous subtypes of anxiety among adolescents in less-developed areas of China. Data were aggregated from 6 schools in the less-developed areas of China in September 2018. In total, 900 students were evaluated using the 100-item Mental Health Test (MHT) and Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) questionnaire. The LPA was conducted to explore the potential classification of anxiety, which makes full use of all the sample data and explore heterogeneous classifications within groups. Logistic regression was used for the multifactor analysis. A P value <.05 was considered statistically significant. The entropy value suggested that the model with 3 latent profile was the best choice. There were 223 adolescents in the severe anxiety group, accounting for 24.78%. Logistics regression analysis of anxiety revealed that the risk of severe anxiety in boys was lower (odds ratio [OR] = 0.317, P < .001) than in girls. Students had a significantly lower probability of suffering from severe anxiety in using cellphones or computers ≤ 2 hours/day than those used cellphones or computers>2 hours/day (OR = 0.391, P = .004). Decreasing screen-related sedentary behaviors should be a target of community and school-based interventions, because high screen-related sedentary behaviors were associated with higher odds of anxiety among adolescents in less developed area of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Wen
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Fuying Zhu
- School of Nursing, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Zhaokang Yuan
- School of Public Health, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Zongfu Mao
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
- Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
- * Correspondence: Zongfu Mao, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China (e-mail: )
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Congsheng L, Kayani S, Khalid A. An empirical study of physical activity and sports affecting mental health of university students. Front Psychol 2022; 13:917503. [PMID: 36118484 PMCID: PMC9478583 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.917503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) and sports are extremely essential elements for physical and mental health among adolescents. Around 30% of 16 years old and above in Malaysia have mental health issues. For this purpose, 512 university students from Malaysia were surveyed through social media, with 74% response rate. Structural equation model partial least square (SEM-PLS) was used to examine the effect of PA and sports on mental health. The results revealed that both PA (b = 0.402, p < 0.001) and sports (b = 0.330, p < 0.001) significantly predict mental health among university students. The model explained 35.8% variance in mental health. The study suggests that PA and sports activity need to be promoted among university students to control prevailing mental health issues in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Congsheng
- School of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Haian Senior School of Jiangsu Province, Nantong, China
| | - Sumaira Kayani
- Department of Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Sumaira Kayani,
| | - Amna Khalid
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Amna Khalid,
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Associations between Psychological Distress, Perceived Social Support and Physical Activity Level in Spanish Adults with Depression. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10091620. [PMID: 36141232 PMCID: PMC9498425 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Perceived social support (PSS) and physical activity (PA) could help to reduce psychological distress in people with depression. This study aims to analyse the associations between (a) mental health and its dimensions through the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), (b) the PA level (PAL), and c) the PSS in the Spanish adult population with psychological distress. This cross-sectional study is based on Spanish National Health Survey 2017 data, including 1670 adults with depression. A descriptive analysis was performed. Differences in medians between sexes were analysed using the Mann–Whitney U test. The Chi-square test was used to assess the independence between sex and PAL. The Kruskal–Wallis’ test was performed to analyse possible baseline differences between PAL and continuous variables derived from the GHQ-12. Finally, a correlation study was conducted between the generated variables and the GHQ-12 items, together with the PAL and the Duke-UNC-11, using Spearman’s rho correlation coefficients. Weak inverse correlations were found between the GHQ-12 and PAL (rho: −0.214); and PSS (r: −0.286). PAL and PSS showed weak inverse correlations with successful coping (rho: −0.216 and r: −0.265), self-esteem (rho: −0.209 and r: −0.283), and stress (rho: −0.130 and r: −0.232). Thus, higher PAL and SSP is associated with lower psychological distress.
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Theuring S, van Loon W, Hommes F, Bethke N, Mall MA, Kurth T, Seybold J, Mockenhaupt FP. Psychosocial Wellbeing of Schoolchildren during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Berlin, Germany, June 2020 to March 2021. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191610103. [PMID: 36011738 PMCID: PMC9407732 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions have affected the wellbeing of schoolchildren worldwide, but the extent and duration of specific problems are still not completely understood. We aimed to describe students’ psychosocial and behavioral parameters and associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in Berlin, Germany. Our longitudinal study included 384 students from 24 randomly selected Berlin primary and secondary schools, assessing psychosocial wellbeing at four time points between June 2020 and March 2021. We analyzed temporal changes in the proportions of anxiety, fear of infection, reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL), physical activity and social contacts, as well as sociodemographic and economic factors associated with anxiety, fear of infection and HRQoL. During the observation period, the presence of anxiety symptoms increased from 26.2% (96/367) to 34.6% (62/179), and fear of infection from 28.6% (108/377) to 40.6% (73/180). The proportion of children with limited social contacts (<1/week) increased from 16.4% (61/373) to 23.5% (42/179). Low physical activity (<3 times sports/week) was consistent over time. Low HRQoL was observed among 44% (77/174) of children. Factors associated with anxiety were female sex, increasing age, secondary school attendance, lower household income, and the presence of adults with anxiety symptoms in the student´s household. Fear of infection and low HRQoL were associated with anxiety. A substantial proportion of schoolchildren experienced unfavorable psychosocial conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020/2021. Students from households with limited social and financial resilience require special attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Theuring
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-30-450-565767
| | - Welmoed van Loon
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Hommes
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Norma Bethke
- Medical Directorate, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus A. Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Kurth
- Institute of Public Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Seybold
- Medical Directorate, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank P. Mockenhaupt
- Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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