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Basri NI, Murthi P, Abd Rahman R. Hydroxychloroquine as an Adjunct Therapy for Diabetes in Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9681. [PMID: 39273629 PMCID: PMC11395545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
This review discusses the pathophysiology of diabetes in pregnancy in relation to the placental function. We review the potential use of hydroxychloroquine in improving pregnancy outcomes affected by diabetes. The review focuses on the mechanism of action of hydroxychloroquine and its potential effects on diabetes. There are several pathways in which hydroxychloroquine mediates its effects: through the inflammasome complex, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, modulatory effects, and antihyperglycemic effects. As a safe drug to be used in pregnancy, it is worth exploring the possible use hydroxychloroquine as an adjunct treatment to the current therapy of diabetes in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Iftida Basri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Padma Murthi
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Rahana Abd Rahman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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Yavuz O, Dincel GC, Yildirim S, El-Ashram S, Al-Olayan E. Impact of apoptosis and oxidative stress on pancreatic beta cell pathophysiology in streptozotocin-induced Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Tissue Cell 2024; 91:102552. [PMID: 39255742 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Hyperglycemia plays a crucial role in the islet cells, especially pancreatic beta cell death in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, a few research have concentrated on the pathophysiology of apoptosis and oxidative stress in T1DM. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of Caspase 3, Caspase 9, 8-OHdG, Glutathione Reductase, endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the pancreatic tissue of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1DM patients and to compare the cellular mechanisms underlying this metabolic disorder. METHODS For this purpose, a total of 20 Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups: Control (C) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM). In the DM group, T1DM was induced by STZ. Rats in the C group were injected intravenously with buffer solution. At the end of the day 20, rats were necropsied and immunohistochemical procedures were applied. RESULTS The immunohistochemical examination revealed, strong positive immunoreactions were observed in the islet cells of the DM groups, particularly when all antibody stains were considered. On the other hand, the C groups showed minimal changes. The difference between the C and DM groups in terms of all antibodies was statistically significant (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS In the present study, it was concluded that apoptosis, oxidative stress and NOS expressions were involved in islet cell destruction in pancreatic tissue in STZ-induced T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Yavuz
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, 35890, Kiraz, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Gungor Cagdas Dincel
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, 18 Jiangwan Street, Foshan, 528231, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, 25240, Türkiye
| | - Saeed El-Ashram
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, 18 Jiangwan Street, Foshan, 528231, Guangdong Province, China; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Ebtesam Al-Olayan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Bar S, Kara M. Linalool exerts antioxidant activity in a rat model of diabetes by increasing catalase activity without antihyperglycemic effect. Exp Ther Med 2024; 28:359. [PMID: 39071903 PMCID: PMC11273359 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder often accompanied by oxidative stress, which contributes to various diabetic complications. Investigating the antioxidant activity of linalool (LIN) is crucial as it may offer a natural therapeutic approach to mitigate oxidative damage in DM. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of LIN in a DM rat model. A total of 40 male Wistar albino rats (age, 8 weeks; weight, 250-300 g) were used. CONTROL and DM groups were administered physiological saline solution by oral gavage for 21 days. In rats in the DM + LIN and LIN groups, 100 mg/kg LIN was administered intragastrically after streptozotocin injection (n=10 per group). In the first (48 h after STZ injection), second (1 week later), third (2 weeks later), and fourth (3 weeks later) blood glucose measurements, a statistically significant increase was found in the blood glucose values of the DM and DM + LIN groups compared with those of the CONTROL group. During the 21-day experimental period, there was no reduction in blood glucose levels of the DM + LIN group. Consequently, no discernible anti-hyperglycemic effect of LIN was observed. Catalase enzyme activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured spectrophotometrically. All assays were conducted according to the protocols provided in the respective kits. The results were analyzed to assess the oxidative status and antioxidant capacity in the experimental groups. Catalase (CAT) activity was decreased in the DM group compared with that in the CONTROL group in both the serum and liver. However, LIN administration restored CAT activity in the DM + LIN group to the level of the CONTROL group. In the liver, the DM + LIN-treated group showed a notable reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels compared with those in the DM group. In conclusion, the present results suggest that the antioxidant properties of LIN may have a regulatory effect on the oxidative status in diabetes-affected systems, potentially offering therapeutic benefits in managing oxidative stress associated with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezer Bar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medicine Faculty of Karabük University, 78000 Karabük, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kara
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medicine Faculty of Karabük University, 78000 Karabük, Turkey
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Hasani M, Abbasi-Oshaghi E, Khomari F, Kiani B, Mirzaei F, Alipourfard I, Khodadadi I, Tayebinia H, Babaei M, Alizadeh-Fanalou S, Bahreini E. Enhanced Insulin Secretion Through Upregulation of Transcription Factors by Hydroalcoholic Extract of Securigera securidaca Seeds in Diabetic Animal Model. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2024; 7:e515. [PMID: 39238175 PMCID: PMC11377490 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM In previous studies, the researchers observed an increase in insulin secretion in STZ-treated diabetic rats following treatment with the hydroalcoholic extract of Securigera securidaca (HESS) seeds. This study focuses on the relationship between the antioxidant properties of HESS with changes in diabetic pancreatic tissue and the gene expression of factors that impact insulin secretion. METHODS In this controlled experimental study, three varying doses of HESS were administered to three groups of diabetic rats induced by STZ. Oxidative stress indicators like total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS) and malondialdehyde were assessed in both pancreatic and liver tissues. Pancreatic histology was studied post-haematoxylin staining. Insulin and FGF21 levels in the blood were measured using the ELISA method. The expression of Nrf2 and FGF21 genes in the pancreas and liver, along with MafA and PDX-1 genes in the pancreas, was quantified using real-time PCR. RESULTS The administration of HESS in varying doses led to a dose-dependent rise in blood insulin levels and a decrease in blood glucose levels and oxidative stress. By reducing oxidative stress, HESS treatment lowered the heightened levels of NRF2 and FGF21 in the liver and pancreas of diabetic rats, improving pancreatic tissue health. As oxidative stress decreased, the expression of MafA and PDX1 genes in the pancreas approached levels seen in healthy rats. CONCLUSION HESS elicits an increase in insulin secretion through the mitigation of oxidative stress and tissue damage, as well as the modulation of gene expression related to the insulin transcription factors PDX-1 and MafA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hasani
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Abbasi-Oshaghi
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khomari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahar Kiani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mirzaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | | | - Iraj Khodadadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Heydar Tayebinia
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Babaei
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Shahin Alizadeh-Fanalou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Elham Bahreini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bayram SŞ, Kızıltan G. The Role of Omega- 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Diabetes Mellitus Management: A Narrative Review. Curr Nutr Rep 2024; 13:527-551. [PMID: 39031306 PMCID: PMC11327211 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00561-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic illnesses characterized by elevated levels of glucose in the bloodstream as a result of abnormalities in the generation or function of insulin. Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) is an essential component of diabetes management. Dietary fats are essential in both the prevention and progression of chronic diseases. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are recognized for their advantageous impact on health. They assist in controlling blood sugar levels and lipid profile in patients with all types of diabetes. Furthermore, they reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events and death linked to DM. RECENT FINDINGS After evaluating the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antilipidemic, and antidiabetic mechanisms of omega-3 fatty acid supplements, as well as the results from randomized controlled studies, it is clear that these supplements have positive effects in both preventing and treating diabetes, as well as preventing and treating complications related to diabetes, specifically cardiovascular diseases. However, current evidence does not support the use of omega-3 supplementation in people with diabetes for the purpose of preventing or treating cardiovascular events. People with all types of diabetes are suggested to include fatty fish and foods high in omega-3 fatty acids in their diet twice a week, as is prescribed for the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sümeyra Şahin Bayram
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Gül Kızıltan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
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Raman APS, Pongpaiboon S, Bhatia R, Lal Dabodhia K, Kumar A, Kumar D, Jain P, Sagar M, Singh P, Kumari K. In silico study on antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of bioactive compounds in Ficus carica L. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:7515-7531. [PMID: 37545143 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2240425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is one of the diagnostic issues in diabetes mellitus and is considered as a complex metabolic condition. It has been one of the most prevalent illnesses of the twenty-first century and still rising at an alarming rate across the globe and expected to impact 693 million individuals by 2045. Therefore, it is mandatory to develop more effective and safer treatments to manage diabetes. One of the ways to manage hyperglycemia is through inhibiting carbohydrate digestion and thereby lowering the glucose formation in the human body. The enzyme salivary amylase and pancreatic amylase is responsible for cleaving α-1,4-glucoside bond. Amylase inhibitors can lower blood glucose in diabetics by slowing digestion. Ficus carica is commonly known for its medicinal properties due to its various phytochemicals. In the present study, 10 phytochemicals present in F. carica compounds named, β-carotene, lutein, cyanidin-3-glucoside, gallic acid, luteolin, catechin, kaempferol, vanillic acid, peonidin-3-glucoside, and quercetin hydrate were taken to study their inhibition potential against pancreatic amylase and salivary amylase through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Further, density functional theory calculations are used to investigate the delocalization of electron density on the molecule as well as study ADME properties of the molecules take. A QSAR model has been developed using the binding energy obtained using molecular docking and thermodynamic parameters from DFT calculations.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siwat Pongpaiboon
- Neerja Modi School, Shipra Path, Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rohit Bhatia
- Ndeavours Research, Mansarovar, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Pallavi Jain
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Modinagar, India
| | - Mansi Sagar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Kamlesh Kumari
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Tiselko AV, Misharina EV, Yarmolinskaya MI, Milyutina YP, Zalozniaia IV, Korenevsky AV. Evaluation of folliculogenesis and oxidative stress parameters in type 1 diabetes mellitus women with different glycemic profiles. Endocrine 2024; 85:1131-1140. [PMID: 38842765 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03805-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite enormous advances in diabetes treatment, women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) still experience delayed menarche, menstrual irregularities, fewer pregnancies, and a higher rate of stillbirths compared to women without the disease. Due to the fact that type 1 DM occurs at a young age, the preservation of reproductive health is one of the most important goals of treatment. AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between different glycemic profiles and changes in the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance and ovarian follicular apparatus in reproductive-age patients with type 1 DM. METHODS We examined 50 reproductive-age (19-38 years) women with type 1 DM with a disease duration of at least ten years. Carbohydrate metabolism was assessed with the continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) concentration measurement. CGM was performed using the FreeStyle Libre flash glucose monitoring system (Abbott Diabetes Care, Witney, UK). In each patient, malondialdehyde level, catalase activity and 3-nitrotyrosine level in the blood serum were determined. To assess the ovarian function, we measured the ovarian volume, the antral follicle count, and the serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. All patients were divided into four groups (glucotypes) based on the CGM results. Group 1 included type 1 DM patients with satisfactory compensation of carbohydrate metabolism; group 2 consisted of patients with frequent hypoglycemic conditions and pathological glucose variability; group 3 included individuals with prolonged hyperglycemic conditions and maximum HbA1c levels; and group 4 comprised patients with the glycemic profile characterized by all the presented types of dysglycemia (intermittent glycemia). RESULTS We revealed a negative correlation between serum catalase activity and time of hypoglycemic conditions in patients with type 1 DM based on the CGM results (rs = -0.47, p < 0.01). In group 4 (intermittent glycemia), patients demonstrated the lowest serum catalase activity and increased serum 3-nitrotyrosine level, while in group 3, women with chronic hyperglycemia (HbA1c 8.4 [8.1; 9.9]%; 68 [65; 85] mmol/mol) had a moderate change in antioxidant defense and oxidative stress parameters. Correlation analysis of ovarian volume, the antral follicle count, and the serum anti-Müllerian hormone level in type 1 DM women with different glycemic profiles established a negative relationship (rs = -0.82, p < 0.05) between the antral follicle count and glucose variability in group 1, a positive relationship (rs = 0.68, p < 0.05) between ovarian volume and glucose variability in group 2, and a positive relationship (rs = 0.88, p < 0.05) between ovarian volume and time of hypoglycemic conditions, which, according to the CGM results, amounted to a critical value of 57.5 [40.0; 82.0]%. CONCLUSIONS The data obtained indicate the relationship between the ovarian volume, serum anti-Müllerian hormone level, the antral follicle count and oxidative stress parameters not only in patients with hyperglycemia, but also in those with hypoglycemic conditions, as well as with pathological glucose variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Tiselko
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - E V Misharina
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M I Yarmolinskaya
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Y P Milyutina
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I V Zalozniaia
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A V Korenevsky
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Velumani K, John A, Shaik MR, Hussain SA, Guru A, Issac PK. Exploring sesquiterpene lactone as a dual therapeutic agent for diabetes and oxidative stress: insights into PI3K/AKT modulation. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:205. [PMID: 39170770 PMCID: PMC11333395 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic mellitus (DM) is characterized by hyperglycaemia and defective macromolecular metabolism, arising from insulin resistance or lack of insulin production. The present study investigates the potential of artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Artemisia annua, to exert anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects through modulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signalling pathway. Our computational analyses demonstrated a high binding affinity of artemisinin with proteins belonging to the PI3K/AKT signalling cascade. α-Amylase and α-glucosidase studies revealed a notable increase in inhibition percentages with artemisinin treatment across concentrations ranging from 10 to 160 µM. A similar significant (p < 0.05) dose-dependent inhibition of free radicals was observed for the in vitro anti-oxidant assays. Further, toxicological profiling of artemisinin in the in vivo zebrafish embryo-larvae model from 4 to 96 h post-fertilization (hpf) did not exhibit any harmful repercussions. In addition, gene expression investigations confirmed artemisinin's potential mechanism in modulating hyperglycaemia and oxidative stress through the regulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Overall, our investigation suggests that artemisinin can be used as a therapeutic intervention for diabetes and oxidative stress, opening up opportunities for future investigation in clinical settings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04050-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadhirmathiyan Velumani
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602 105 India
| | - Arun John
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Department of Computational Biology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602 105 India
| | - Mohammed Rafi Shaik
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh , 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaik Althaf Hussain
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box - 2454, Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Issac
- Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 602 105 India
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Raafat KM, Abdelwahab IA, El-Zahaby SA. Nano-cubosomes of the phyto-active principle in Withania somnifera: LC-MS-NMR, anti-microbial, and insights of the anti-neuropathic and anti-inflammatory mechanism. Fitoterapia 2024; 178:106196. [PMID: 39218231 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Withania somnifera (W. somnifera) has a long history of safety in the amelioration of neuro-active ailments. The current study aims to explore Withania somnifera phyto-active principle anti-microbial, ant-neuropathic, and anti-inflammatory activities, and to modify these activities utilizing nano-cubosomes exploiting their mechanisms of action. Bio-guided fractionation technique was utilized, to identify the most phyto-active compound, using LC-MS-NMR online technique and biological models of diabetes, neuropathy, and inflammation. In-vitro antibacterial activity was also monitored. The HbA1c, in-vivo antioxidant (serum-catalase, TBARS, and GSH), serum insulin, and pro-inflammatory serum cytokines (TNF alpha, IL-six, and IL-ten) levels have been assessed to establish the anti-neuropathic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. The nano-cubosomal formulations (CUB 1-3) were utilized to improve the W. somnifera most active compound efficacy. W. somnifera has shown ten major peaks; coagulin Q (10.2 %), dihydrowithanolide A (2.4 %), dihydrowithaferin D (1.8 %), physagulin D (7.6 %), withanoside V (2.3 %), withanolide A (WDA, 10.3 %), withafrin A (4.9 %), withaferin D (7.7 %), withanone 9 (9.9 %), withanolide D (4.8 %). The bio-guided fractionation technique utilizing LC-MS-NMR technique has proved that withanolide A (WDA) is the most phyto-active compound in W. somnifera. The latter has shown better results than WDA, which might be due to other effective compounds in Ws. However, CUB 3 (WDA nano-cubosomes dispersion) has shown more prominent anti-diabetic, anti-neuropathic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial potentials than Ws and WDA. Thus, CUB 3 modified WDA activity, and improved its efficacy. The normalization of HbA1c levels, increased insulin secretagogue potential, and the amelioration of the oxidative-stress may be the underlying Ws, WDA, and CUB 3 antidiabetic neuropathy mechanism. Moreover, the Ws, WDA, and CUB 1-3 anti-inflammatory mechanism might be due to the amelioration of the pro-inflammatory serum cytokines (decreasing TNF alpha and IL-six levels and increasing IL-ten). Thus, CUB 3 might be a powerful tool in augmenting Withania somnifera activity as an oral drug-delivery system and improving its efficacy against neuropathy and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim M Raafat
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim A Abdelwahab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sally A El-Zahaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, PharmD Program, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), Alexandria, Egypt
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Yu G, Fu X, Mo X, Tan L, Yang S. Multi-target anti-diabetic styrylpyrones from Phellinus igniarius: Inhibition of α-glucosidase, protein glycation, and oxidative stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134854. [PMID: 39168223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Bioactivity screening revealed that the EtOAc extract from the culture broth of Phellinus igniarius SY489 exhibited remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 1.92 μg/mL. Activity- and ultraviolet (UV) profile-guided isolation led to the discovery of four anti-diabetic styrylpyrones (1-4), including two novel compounds, phelignidins A (1) and B (2). Compounds 1 and 2 represent a rare structural type of styrylpyrone dimer, in which one of the pyrone moieties exists in an open-ring state. The absolute configurations of the new compounds 1 and 2, as well as the previously unresolved compound 3, were established. Compounds 1-4 were effective in α-glucosidase inhibition, anti-glycation, and antioxidant assays, surpassing or being comparable to the positive control drugs, with minimal cytotoxicity. Furthermore, studies on α-glucosidase inhibition mechanisms suggested that these compounds interact with α-glucosidase at a single binding site, causing secondary structure unfolding and exerting inhibitory activity via a mixed-type mechanism. These results provide an important basis for developing novel, low-toxicity, multi-target anti-diabetic drugs from edible and medicinal fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihong Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangji Fu
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhua Mo
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Tan
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao International Center on Microbes Utilizing Biogas, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Xue S, Yang L, Xu M, Zhang Y, Liu H. The screening of α-glucosidase inhibitory peptides from β-conglycinin and hypoglycemic mechanism in HepG2 cells and zebrafish larvae. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134678. [PMID: 39137852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Inhibition of carbohydrate digestive enzymes is a key focus across diverse fields, given the prominence of α-glucosidase inhibitors as preferred oral hypoglycaemic drugs for diabetes treatment. β-conglycinin is the most abundant functional protein in soy; however, it is unclear whether the peptides produced after its gastrointestinal digestion exhibit α-glucosidase inhibitory properties. Therefore, we examined the α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of soy peptides. Specifically, β-conglycinin was subjected to simulated gastrointestinal digestion by enzymatically cleaving it into 95 peptides with gastric, pancreatic and chymotrypsin enzymes. Eight soybean peptides were selected based on their predicted activity; absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity score; and molecular docking analysis. The results indicated that hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions play important roles in inhibiting α-glucosidase, with the tripeptide SGR exhibiting the greatest inhibitory effect (IC50 = 10.57 μg/mL). In vitro studies revealed that SGR markedly improved glucose metabolism disorders in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells without affecting cell viability. Animal experiments revealed that SGR significantly improved blood glucose and decreased maltase activity in type 2 diabetic zebrafish larvae, but it did not result in the death of zebrafish larvae. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SGR exerts its anti-diabetic and hypoglycaemic effects by attenuating the expression of several genes, including Slc2a1, Hsp70, Cpt2, Serpinf1, Sfrp2 and Ggt1a. These results suggest that SGR is a potential food-borne bioactive peptide for managing diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China; Grain and Cereal Food Bio-efficient Transformation Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Lina Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China; Grain and Cereal Food Bio-efficient Transformation Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou 121013, China.
| | - Mengnan Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China; Grain and Cereal Food Bio-efficient Transformation Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China; Grain and Cereal Food Bio-efficient Transformation Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou 121013, China
| | - He Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China; Grain and Cereal Food Bio-efficient Transformation Engineering Research Center of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou 121013, China
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Oncu S, Becit-Kizilkaya M, Bilir A, Saritas A, Arikan-Soylemez ES, Koca HB, Firat F, Ugur-Kaplan AB, Yilmaz MA. Anti-Cataract Effect of the Traditional Aqueous Extract of Yerba Mate ( Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.): An In Ovo Perspective. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:994. [PMID: 39202736 PMCID: PMC11355064 DOI: 10.3390/life14080994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The therapeutic effect of different doses of the traditional aqueous extract of dried leaves of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.) was investigated in an experimental cataract model in chicken embryos. METHODS AND RESULTS LC-MS/MS analysis allowed the identification and quantification of 53 metabolites. In the hydrocortisone-induced cataract model, lenses were examined morphologically after treatment and parameters related to oxidative stress (total antioxidant/oxidant status (TAS/TOS), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) were evaluated. Antiproliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and caspase-3 H-scores were determined and crystallin alpha A (CRYAA) gene expression in the lenses was measured by RT-PCR. The degree of cataract decreased in all treatment groups. While there was no significant difference in TAS levels compared to the negative control, TOS, GSH, and MDA levels were dose-dependently regulated. Treatment groups other than the high-dose group regulated the decrease in PCNA and the increase in caspase-3. CRYAA gene expression increased significantly only at the lowest dose. CONCLUSION YM, which is becoming increasingly popular as a traditional tea, showed a therapeutic effect on hydrocortisone-induced cataracts in chicken embryos at relatively low doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyma Oncu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar 03030, Turkey
| | - Merve Becit-Kizilkaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar 03030, Turkey
| | - Abdulkadir Bilir
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar 03030, Turkey
| | - Alperen Saritas
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar 03030, Turkey
| | - Evrim Suna Arikan-Soylemez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar 03030, Turkey
| | - Halit Bugra Koca
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar 03030, Turkey
| | - Fatma Firat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medicine Faculty, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar 03030, Turkey
| | - Afife Busra Ugur-Kaplan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Abdullah Yilmaz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, Diyarbakir 21280, Turkey
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Gholami M, Coleman-Fuller N, Salehirad M, Darbeheshti S, Motaghinejad M. Neuroprotective Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors (Gliflozins) on Diabetes-Induced Neurodegeneration and Neurotoxicity: A Graphical Review. Int J Prev Med 2024; 15:28. [PMID: 39239308 PMCID: PMC11376549 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_5_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic endocrine disorder that negatively affects various body systems, including the nervous system. Diabetes can cause or exacerbate various neurological disorders, and diabetes-induced neurodegeneration can involve several mechanisms such as mitochondrial dysfunction, activation of oxidative stress, neuronal inflammation, and cell death. In recent years, the management of diabetes-induced neurodegeneration has relied on several types of drugs, including sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, also called gliflozins. In addition to exerting powerful effects in reducing blood glucose, gliflozins have strong anti-neuro-inflammatory characteristics that function by inhibiting oxidative stress and cell death in the nervous system in diabetic subjects. This review presents the molecular pathways involved in diabetes-induced neurodegeneration and evaluates the clinical and laboratory studies investigating the neuroprotective effects of gliflozins against diabetes-induced neurodegeneration, with discussion about the contributing roles of diverse molecular pathways, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuro-inflammation, and cell death. Several databases-including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and various publishers, such as Springer, Wiley, and Elsevier-were searched for keywords regarding the neuroprotective effects of gliflozins against diabetes-triggered neurodegenerative events. Additionally, anti-neuro-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-cell death keywords were applied to evaluate potential neuronal protection mechanisms of gliflozins in diabetes subjects. The search period considered valid peer-reviewed studies published from January 2000 to July 2023. The current body of literature suggests that gliflozins can exert neuroprotective effects against diabetes-induced neurodegenerative events and neuronal dysfunction, and these effects are mediated via activation of mitochondrial function and prevention of cell death processes, oxidative stress, and inflammation in neurons affected by diabetes. Gliflozins can confer neuroprotective properties in diabetes-triggered neurodegeneration, and these effects are mediated by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Gholami
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Natalie Coleman-Fuller
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Mahsa Salehirad
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Darbeheshti
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Motaghinejad
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fikry E, Orfali R, Tawfeek N, Perveen S, Ghafar S, El-Domiaty MM, El-Shafae AM. Unveiling the Bioactive Efficacy of Cupressus sempervirens 'Stricta' Essential Oil: Composition, In Vitro Activities, and In Silico Analyses. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1019. [PMID: 39204124 PMCID: PMC11357629 DOI: 10.3390/ph17081019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Prior studies have extensively investigated the essential oil derived from the Mediterranean cypress, Cupressus sempervirens. However, the 'Stricta' variety, known for its ornamental value, has received less attention in terms of its oil composition and potential health benefits. The objective of this research was to comprehensively analyze the chemical components and medicinal properties of the essential oil extracted from C. sempervirens 'Stricta' (CSSLEO) grown in Egypt. Utilizing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the investigation identified 22 compounds within CSSLEO, with α-pinene and δ-3-carene being predominant, accounting for 96.01% of the oil. In vitro assays evaluated CSSLEO's cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines, revealing notable anticancer potential. Additionally, the oil displayed antidiabetic properties by impeding crucial enzymes involved in glucose metabolism. Complementary in silico network pharmacology and molecular docking studies provided insights into the possible interactions between CSSLEO's key compounds and essential proteins and pathways in cancer treatment. The results underscored CSSLEO's intricate composition and its promising applications in cancer prevention and diabetes management. The conclusions drawn from this research underscore the need for further investigation to validate CSSLEO's clinical effectiveness and to gain a deeper understanding of its therapeutic mechanisms, with a view to harnessing its potential in oncology and endocrinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Fikry
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (E.F.); (M.M.E.-D.); (A.M.E.-S.)
| | - Raha Orfali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Collage of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora Tawfeek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (E.F.); (M.M.E.-D.); (A.M.E.-S.)
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Safina Ghafar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Collage of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher M. El-Domiaty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (E.F.); (M.M.E.-D.); (A.M.E.-S.)
| | - Azza M. El-Shafae
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (E.F.); (M.M.E.-D.); (A.M.E.-S.)
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Anandika Lestari O, Sri Palupi N, Setiyono A, Kusnandar F, Dewi Yuliana N. LC-MS metabolomics and molecular docking approaches to identify antihyperglycemic and antioxidant compounds from Melastoma malabathricum L. Leaf. Saudi J Biol Sci 2024; 31:104047. [PMID: 38983129 PMCID: PMC11231536 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.104047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The dried leaves of Melastoma malabathricum L., locally named Karamunting or Senduduk, is traditionally consumed in many regions in Indonesia as herbal tea to cure different illnesses, including diabetes. To date, information on the compounds responsible for their antidiabetic activity is still very rare. The study aimed to identify bioactive compounds of M. malabathricum L. leaves using LC-MS based metabolomics and molecular docking approaches. The leaves brewed with different methods were subjected to LC-MS measurements and several bioactivity tests (in vivo and in vitro antihyperglycemic, and in vitro antioxidant). LC-MS data were linked to the activity data using multivariate data analysis. Molecular docking using alpha-glucosidase, alpha-amylase, and insulin receptor as protein targets was used to verify the results and study the interaction between the identified compound and protein targets. As results, isoquercetin and myricitrin were identified as compounds strongly associated with alpha-amylase inhibitors, while rutin and epicatechin were identified as alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Quercitrin, citric acid, quercetin, epicatechin, isoquercitrin, and 7-hydroxycoumarine were strongly correlated with both antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activities. The results of metabolomics were confirmed with molecular docking studies, which showed that some of these compounds acted as competitive inhibitors, while others acted as non-competitive ones. Possible synergism between epicatechin and citric acid in their interaction with IR was detected. Metabolomics combined with molecular docking efficiently identified and confirmed several antihyperglycemic and antioxidant compounds from M. malabathricum L., leaf. This study provides scientific evidence for the traditional use of M. malabathricum L. as an antidiabetic herbal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oke Anandika Lestari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak 78124, Indonesia
| | - Nurheni Sri Palupi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
- Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Agus Setiyono
- Department of Clinic, Reproduction and Pathology, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Feri Kusnandar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
- Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Nancy Dewi Yuliana
- Department of Food Science and Technology, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
- Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
- Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
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16
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Maccarronello AE, Cardullo N, Silva AM, Di Francesco A, Costa PC, Rodrigues F, Muccilli V. Unlocking the nutraceutical potential of Corylus avellana L. shells: microwave-assisted extraction of phytochemicals with antiradical and anti-diabetic properties. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 39072780 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the demand for high-quality natural extracts to be included in nutraceutical formulations has increased sharply. Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) shells (HZS) are underrated agricultural by-products that could be exploited as a source of active ingredients with pro-healthy properties. In the present study, a fully green microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method was established for the first time aiming to recover bioactive constituents from HZS with significant nutraceutical value. Key MAE parameters, including ethanol in water concentration, microwave power, irradiation time and solvent-to-powder ratio, were optimized through response surface methodology utilizing a Box-Behnken design to achieve the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant/antiradical activities in the final extract. RESULTS The optimal MAE conditions (28% v/v ethanol/water, 270 s, 670 W, and 37 mL g-1) yielded an extract with significant scavenging capacity against reactive oxygen species and remarkable inhibitory activity towards both α-amylase (IC50 = 7.73 μg mL-1) and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 49.44 μg mL-1), demonstrating stronger hypoglycaemic properties than the anti-diabetic drug acarbose. Additionally, fluorescence spectroscopy results highlighted the ability of the optimized extract from HZS (OHS-E) to counteract advanced glycation end-product formation throughout the glycation cascade in a dose-dependent manner. Liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry profiling unveiled the presence of fatty acids and phenolic compounds, including lignans, flavonoids, gallic acid derivatives and diarylheptanoids. Lastly, the biocompatibility of OHS-E was attested on HT29-MTX and Caco-2 intestinal cells. CONCLUSION Altogether, these findings encourage the potential application of OHS-E as an effective nutraceutical component against type 2 diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nunzio Cardullo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | | | - Paulo C Costa
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MedTech-Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Vera Muccilli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Wang H, Wang EZR, Feng B, Chakrabarti S. CircRNA_012164/MicroRNA-9-5p axis mediates cardiac fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302772. [PMID: 39042659 PMCID: PMC11265710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs play a part in many chronic diseases and interact with each other to regulate gene expression. MicroRNA-9-5p (miR9) has been thought to be a potential inhibitor of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Here we examined the role of miR9 in regulating cardiac fibrosis in the context of diabetic cardiomyopathy. We further expanded our studies through investigation of a regulatory circularRNA, circRNA_012164, on the action of miR9. We showed at both the in vivo and in vitro level that glucose induced downregulation of miR9 and upregulation of circRNA_012164 resulted in the subsequent upregulation of downstream fibrotic genes. Further, knockdown of circRNA_012164 shows protective effects in cardiac endothelial cells and reverses increased transcription of genes associated with fibrosis and fibroblast proliferation through a regulatory axis with miR9. This study presents a novel regulatory axis involving noncoding RNA that is evidently important in the development of cardiac fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric Zi Rui Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Biao Feng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Subrata Chakrabarti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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18
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Liu Y, Liu H, Liu J, Liu W, Yang Y, Liu Y. Associations Between Dietary Intake of Tomato and Lycopene with All-Cause and Cancer-Specific Mortality in US Adults with Diabetes: Results From a Cohort Study. Nutr Cancer 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39033400 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2024.2380521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the association between dietary intake of tomatoes and lycopene with all-cause and cancer mortality among US adults with diabetes. We hypothesized that a higher intake of tomato and lycopene is related to a reduced risk of all-cause and cancer mortality among adults with diabetes. This prospective study was conducted among 9213 US adults with diabetes using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2016. Data on dietary intake of tomatoes and lycopene were obtained from two 24-h dietary recalls. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models determined the associations between tomato/lycopene intake and mortality. A higher intake of tomatoes and lycopene was significantly associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality (tomato: Q5 vs. Q1: HR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.54-0.86, p = 0.001, p for trend = 0.001; lycopene: Q5 vs. Q1: HR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.64-0.95, p = 0.013, p for trend = 0.006) after adjusting for all covariates. Compared with the lowest quintile of tomato and lycopene intake, the highest quintile was associated with a lower risk of cancer mortality (tomato: HR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.35-0.96, p = 0.035; lycopene: HR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.40-0.98, p = 0.043). Our study demonstrated that dietary intake of tomatoes and lycopene was significantly associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality in US adults with diabetes. High consumption of tomatoes and lycopene was also related to reduced cancer mortality in US adults with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Liu
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Heyin Liu
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinde Liu
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Trandafir AI, Ghemigian A, Ciobica ML, Nistor C, Gurzun MM, Nistor TVI, Petrova E, Carsote M. Diabetes Mellitus in Non-Functioning Adrenal Incidentalomas: Analysis of the Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion (MACS) Impact on Glucose Profile. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1606. [PMID: 39062179 PMCID: PMC11274780 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas (NFAIs) have been placed in relationship with a higher risk of glucose profile anomalies, while the full-blown typical picture of Cushing's syndrome (CS) and associated secondary (glucocorticoid-induced) diabetes mellitus is not explicitly confirmed in this instance. Our objective was to highlight the most recent data concerning the glucose profile, particularly, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in NFAIs with/without mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS). This was a comprehensive review of the literature; the search was conducted according to various combinations of key terms. We included English-published, original studies across a 5-year window of publication time (from January 2020 until 1 April 2024) on PubMed. We excluded case reports, reviews, studies on T1DM or secondary diabetes, and experimental data. We identified 37 studies of various designs (14 retrospective studies as well 13 cross-sectional, 4 cohorts, 3 prospective, and 2 case-control studies) that analysed 17,391 individuals, with a female-to-male ratio of 1.47 (aged between 14 and 96 years). T2DM prevalence in MACS (affecting 10 to 30% of NFAIs) ranged from 12% to 44%. The highest T2DM prevalence in NFAI was 45.2% in one study. MACS versus (non-MACS) NFAIs (n = 16) showed an increased risk of T2DM and even of prediabetes or higher fasting plasma glucose or HbA1c (no unanimous results). T2DM prevalence was analysed in NFAI (N = 1243, female-to-male ratio of 1.11, mean age of 60.42) versus (non-tumour) controls (N = 1548, female-to-male ratio of 0.91, average age of 60.22) amid four studies, and two of them were confirmatory with respect to a higher rate in NFAIs. Four studies included a sub-group of CS compared to NFAI/MACS, and two of them did not confirm an increased rate of glucose profile anomalies in CS versus NFAIs/ACS. The longest period of follow-up with concern to the glycaemic profile was 10.5 years, and one cohort showed a significant increase in the T2DM rate at 17.9% compared to the baseline value of 0.03%. Additionally, inconsistent data from six studies enrolling 1039 individuals that underwent adrenalectomy (N = 674) and conservative management (N = 365) pinpointed the impact of the surgery in NFAIs. The regulation of the glucose metabolism after adrenalectomy versus baseline versus conservative management (n = 3) was improved. To our knowledge, this comprehensive review included one of the largest recent analyses in the field of glucose profile amid the confirmation of MACS/NFAI. In light of the rising incidence of NFAI/AIs due to easier access to imagery scans and endocrine evaluation across the spectrum of modern medicine, it is critical to assess if these patients have an increased frequency of cardio-metabolic disorders that worsen their overall comorbidity and mortality profile, including via the confirmation of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Ioana Trandafir
- PhD Doctoral School of “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (E.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Adina Ghemigian
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (E.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Endocrinology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai-Lucian Ciobica
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Rheumatology, “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Claudiu Nistor
- Department 4-Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Thoracic Surgery II Discipline, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Thoracic Surgery Department, “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria-Magdalena Gurzun
- Cardiology Discipline, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Laboratory of Non-Invasive Cardiovascular Exploration, “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tiberiu Vasile Ioan Nistor
- Medical Biochemistry Discipline, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Eugenia Petrova
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (E.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Endocrinology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mara Carsote
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania; (A.G.); (E.P.); (M.C.)
- Department of Endocrinology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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Mohamed AI, Erukainure OL, Salau VF, Islam MS. Impact of coffee and its bioactive compounds on the risks of type 2 diabetes and its complications: A comprehensive review. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2024; 18:103075. [PMID: 39067326 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee beans have a long history of use as traditional medicine by various indigenous people. Recent focus has been given to the health benefits of coffee beans and its bioactive compounds. Research on the bioactivities, applications, and effects of processing methods on coffee beans' phytochemical composition and activities has been conducted extensively. The current review attempts to provide an update on the biological effects of coffee on type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its comorbidities. METHODS Comprehensive literature search was carried out on peer-reviewed published data on biological activities of coffee on in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological research results published from January 2015 to December 2022, using online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect for our searches. RESULTS The main findings were: firstly, coffee may contribute to the prevention of oxidative stress and T2D-related illnesses such as cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, obesity, and metabolic syndrome; secondly, consuming up to 400 mg/day (1-4 cups per day) of coffee is associated with lower risks of T2D; thirdly, caffeine consumed between 0.5 and 4 h before a meal may inhibit acute metabolic rate; and finally, both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee are associated with reducing the risks of T2D. CONCLUSION Available evidence indicates that long-term consumption of coffee is associated with decreased risk of T2D and its complications as well as decreased body weight. This has been attributed to the consumption of coffee with the abundance of bioactive chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almahi I Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Ochuko L Erukainure
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Department of Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Veronica F Salau
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Department of Pharmacology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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Reamtong O, Waeonukul R, Prangthip P. Assessing the therapeutic potential of long-chain isomaltooligosaccharides in diabetic and hyperlipidemic rats. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:165. [PMID: 39014451 PMCID: PMC11253390 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01374-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global rise in diabetes prevalence necessitates effective treatments. Rats, mimicking physiological changes seen in Type 2 diabetes, serve as valuable models for studying metabolic disorders. Natural health supplements, especially prebiotics, are gaining interest for improving metabolic health. Isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs), classified as functional oligosaccharides and prebiotics, have attracted attention due to their beneficial effects on gut microbiota balance and cholesterol reduction. However, commercial IMOs often contain undesirable sugars, leading to the development of long-chain IMOs with enhanced prebiotic properties. METHODS This study assessed the therapeutic potential of long-chain IMOs derived from Bacillus subtilis strain AP-1 compared to inulin, a widely recognized prebiotic, in addressing hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in rats. RESULTS IMOs treatment effectively reduced blood sugar and triglyceride levels similarly to inulin supplementation. Proteomic analysis revealed changes in hepatic protein profiles, with upregulated pathways including glutathione metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and pentose and glucuronate interconversion, while pathways related to fatty acid and amino acid biosynthesis exhibited downregulation. These results suggest promising therapeutic effects of IMOs treatment on diabetes and hyperlipidemia by influencing key metabolic pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the potential of long-chain IMOs as targeted interventions for metabolic disorders, warranting further investigation into their clinical applicability and mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rattiya Waeonukul
- Excellent Center of Enzyme Technology and Microbial Utilization, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute (PDTI), King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Pattaneeya Prangthip
- Department of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Saei Ghare Naz M, Farhadi-Azar M, Noroozzadeh M, Farahmand M, Ramezani Tehrani F. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Diabetes in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:2149-2160. [PMID: 38553980 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT The co-occurrence of hormonal changes during menopause and the risk of cardio-metabolic disorders has been well studied. OBJECTIVE We explored the association of circulating levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) with diabetes (DM) among postmenopausal women. METHOD In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Epistemonikos, and Cochrane Library up to September 2023. Risk of bias was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Pooled estimates of mean differences in FSH levels were compared between postmenopausal women with and without DM. Correlations between FSH and fasting blood glucose (FBG)/insulin/homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as well as pooled effect sizes with their 95% CIs for risk of DM were calculated. RESULTS In this study, 14 articles, including 7878 postmenopausal women, met eligibility criteria. Most of the included studies had a low/moderate risk of bias. Women with DM had significantly lower FSH levels than those without DM (standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.751 [95% CI, -1.129 to -.372], I2 = 82.46%, n = 1416). The pooled effect size for diabetes was 0.861 (95% CI, 0.740-1.001; I2 = 80.11%). The pooled risk estimate for DM based on the categorical FSH levels (high vs low) was (HR = 0.550; 95% CI, 0.356-0.850, I2 = 0). The significant inverse correlation was found between FSH levels and glycemic parameters: FBG (r= -0.285 [95% CI -0.441 to -0.113]; n = 1229), HOMA-IR (r = -0.241[-0.378 to -0.0924]; n = 1229) and insulin (r = -0.337 [-0.434 to -0.232]; n = 959)]. There were no statistically significant differences between estradiol levels among diabetic and nondiabetic groups; however, the SMD for luteinizing hormone was similar to that reported for FSH. CONCLUSION The available data indicated an indirect association between FSH levels and glucose disturbances among postmenopausal women, notwithstanding heterogeneity among included studies, and the complexity of various influential factors needs to be considered. Further efforts should be made to clarify the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1985717413 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahbanoo Farhadi-Azar
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1985717413 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Noroozzadeh
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1985717413 Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Farahmand
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1985717413 Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1985717413 Tehran, Iran
- The Foundation for Research & Education Excellence, AL, USA
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Franco RR, Franco RM, Justino AB, Borges ALS, Bittar VP, Saito N, Saraiva AL, Júnior NN, Otoni WC, Espindola FS. Phytochemical composition of aerial parts and roots of Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen and anticholinesterase, antioxidant, and antiglycation activities. PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:609-624. [PMID: 38200344 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01916-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The Pfaffia glomerata, a plant popularly called Brazilian ginseng, is widely used in Brazil for the treatment of various pathologies, including those associated with the Central Nervous System. 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), a phytosteroid present in this plant, can promote adaptogenic effects in the organism, providing greater body resistance to stressors. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and the anticholinesterase, antioxidant, and antiglycation effects of extracts and fractions of aerial parts and roots of P. glomerata, also analyzing their possible cytotoxic effects. The fractions were obtained by partitioning methanol extracts from the aerial part and roots of P. glomerata with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water. The samples were initially tested in anticholinesterase, antioxidant, and antiglycation assays, and the most promising samples were submitted for cytotoxicity and chromatographic analyses. Mass spectrometry and chromatography methods revealed that 20E was the main compound in the dichloromethane fractions, there being 35% more 20E in the aerial part (APD) than in the roots (RD). Added to the higher concentration of 20E, the APD fraction also presented more promising results than the RD fraction in anticholinesterase and antioxidant analyses, indicating that their effects may be related to the concentration of 20E. These same fractions showed no hemolytic effects but were cytotoxic in high concentrations. These new findings contribute to scientific information about P. glomerata and open more perspectives for the understanding of its therapeutic properties, allowing the association of biological activity with the presence of 20E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Rodrigues Franco
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre, S/N, Bloco 2E/237, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-319, 38408-100, Brazil
- Departamento de Medicina, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Catalão, Catalão, GO, 75706-881, Brazil
| | - Rafaella Martins Franco
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre, S/N, Bloco 2E/237, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-319, 38408-100, Brazil
| | - Allisson Benatti Justino
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre, S/N, Bloco 2E/237, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-319, 38408-100, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Silva Borges
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre, S/N, Bloco 2E/237, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-319, 38408-100, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Prado Bittar
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre, S/N, Bloco 2E/237, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-319, 38408-100, Brazil
| | - Natieli Saito
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre, S/N, Bloco 2E/237, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-319, 38408-100, Brazil
| | - André Lopes Saraiva
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre, S/N, Bloco 2E/237, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-319, 38408-100, Brazil
| | - Nilson Nicolau Júnior
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre, S/N, Bloco 2E/237, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-319, 38408-100, Brazil
| | - Wagner Campos Otoni
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos/BIOAGRO, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Foued Salmen Espindola
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Rua Acre, S/N, Bloco 2E/237, Uberlândia, MG, CEP 38405-319, 38408-100, Brazil.
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Putra IMWA, Fakhrudin N, Nurrochmad A, Wahyuono S. Antidiabetic effect of combined extract of Coccinia grandis and Blumea balsamifera on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2024; 15:101021. [PMID: 39079440 PMCID: PMC11338941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2024.101021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coccinia grandis and Blumea balsamifera are two medicinal plants that have been known to have good antidiabetic properties. Combining these two plant extracts may generate a greater effect that can increase efficacy and decrease the dose. OBJECTIVE This research investigated the antidiabetic activity of the combination of C. grandis and B. balsamifera leaves extracts on experimental diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The dried leaves of C. grandis and B. balsamifera were powdered and macerated with ethanol 70% (v/v). A diabetic condition in male Wistar albino rats was generated by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) followed by nicotinamide (110 mg/kg). Diabetes-confirmed rats were then given glibenclamide (4.5 mg/kg), C. grandis extract (300 mg/kg), B. balsamifera extract (150 mg/kg), and the combined extracts with a dose ratio of 1:1, 1:3, and 3:1. The treatment was performed for 28 days and fasting blood glucose was tested once a week. The pancreas and liver organs were taken on day 29 for antioxidant, histological, and immunohistochemical assessment. RESULTS Among all the extracts, the combined extract with a ratio of 1:3 showed the greatest glucose lowering effect. This combination also lowered malondialdehyde levels while increasing superoxide dismutase and catalase levels in the pancreas and liver organs. Histological examination showed this combination regenerated the islet of Langerhans. It also increased pancreatic insulin expression in immunohistochemical evaluation. CONCLUSION This study revealed that the combined extracts of C. grandis and B. balsamifera exhibited enhanced antidiabetic activity via ameliorating oxidative stress, regenerating β-cells, and increasing insulin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Made Wisnu Adhi Putra
- Department of Biology, University of Dhyana Pura, Badung, Bali, Indonesia; Doctoral Program in Pharmacy Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nanang Fakhrudin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Arief Nurrochmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Subagus Wahyuono
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Mbah JI, Bwititi PT, Gyawali P, Nwose EU. Changes in Haematological Parameters and Lipid Profiles in Diabetes Mellitus: A Literature Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e64201. [PMID: 39130996 PMCID: PMC11310571 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.64201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose that has sequelae on cellular, haematological, and metabolic parameters, including lipid profile disturbed homeostasis, which manifest in alterations in haematological parameters and lipid profiles. These changes in haematological parameters and lipid profiles have been reported by previous research; however, the pattern of these changes and their correlation have not been elucidated. This review aims to assess these changes and investigate the degree of correlation between haematological parameters and lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The method adopted was a traditional review approach that included a narrative of concepts and a critical assessment of a few selected articles. Findings highlight that haematological parameters and lipid profiles show varied alterations and correlations in T2DM. For instance, statistical significances at p < 0.05 are reported for WBC count (r = -0.75) showing negative correlations (p < 0.001), where RBC count (r = 0.56) showed correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), whereas anaemia (packed cell volume: r = -0.51) and RBC indices (mean corpuscular volume: r = -0.75; mean corpuscular haemoglobin: r = -089) show negative correlations with total cholesterol (TC). The specific haematological parameters, namely, RBC and WBC with differential and platelet counts, as well as indices, showed varied changes and correlation with lipid profiles, namely, HDLC, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TC, and triglyceride, in the six reviewed articles. Diabetes is characterized by changes in haematological parameters and lipid profiles. A better understanding of the negative and positive correlating changes could be utilized in routine evaluation of subjects with prediabetes as well as managing complications in diabetes. Correlation between haematological parameters and lipid profiles over the course of diabetes progression using HbA1c as an index of glucose control is necessary for additional empirical data and updates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovita I Mbah
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, AUS
| | - Phillip T Bwititi
- School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, AUS
| | - Prajwal Gyawali
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, AUS
| | - Ezekiel U Nwose
- Department of Public and Community Health, Novena University, Ogume, NGA
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, AUS
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Iahtisham-Ul-Haq, Akram A, Yasmin I, Sharif HR, Nayik GA, Ramniwas S, Siddiqui SA. Compositional profiling and bioefficacy studies of pulses-supplemented isocaloric designer biscuits for recently diagnosed diabetic individuals. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101305. [PMID: 38559441 PMCID: PMC10978483 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study addresses global concerns about diabetes mellitus by exploring a novel approach to manage hyperglycemia through pulses-supplemented designer biscuits. Control and designer biscuits were prepared with varying proportions of wheat flour and pulses (chickpea, mungbean). The pulses-supplemented biscuits exhibited increased protein content and reduced readily available carbohydrates. Selected designer biscuits, with 12.5 % incorporation of chickpea and mungbean pulse flour, demonstrated significantly lower glycemic index (69.17 ± 5.01) and higher satiety index (122.19 ± 8.85) compared to control biscuits. These showed 13 % less glycemic index and 9 % higher satiety index as compared to control biscuits. A four-week bio-efficacy trial involving diabetic subjects consuming these biscuits as a routine snack resulted in an 11.45 % decrease in fasting blood glucose and a 19.15 % reduction in random blood glucose levels. Insulin and HDL levels also significantly improved. The study concludes that these designer biscuits possess a hypoglycemic effect, offering a potential dietary intervention for managing diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iahtisham-Ul-Haq
- Kauser Abdulla Malik School of Life Sciences, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Akram
- Department of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Imperial College of Business Studies (ICBS), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Yasmin
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Chakwal, Chakwal, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Rizwan Sharif
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Gulzar Ahmad Nayik
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Government Degree College Shopian, 192303 Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Seema Ramniwas
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
- Technical University of Munich, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Essigberg 3, 94315 Straubing, Germany
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Prof.-von-Klitzing Str. 7, 49610, Quakenbrück, Germany
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Ojo OA, Oladepo FS, Ogunlakin AD, Ayokunle DI, Odugbemi AI, Babatunde DE, Ojo AB, Ajayi-Odoko OA, Ajiboye BO, Dahunsi SO. Spilanthes filicaulis (Schumach. & Thonn.) C. D Adam leaf extract prevents assault of streptozotocin on liver cells via inhibition of oxidative stress and activation of the NrF2/Keap1, PPARγ, and PTP1B signaling pathways. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306039. [PMID: 38924022 PMCID: PMC11207034 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spilanthes filicaulis (Schumach. & Thonn.) C. D Adam is a shrubby plant of the Asteraceae family that has medicinal benefits for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Spilanthes filicaulis leaf extract in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model and the associated signaling pathways. METHODS A sample of 25 male Wistar rats was randomly assigned to groups I, II, III, IV, and V. Each group included five animals, i.e., control rats, diabetic control rats, diabetic rats treated with metformin, and diabetic rats treated with 150 mg/kg/bw and 300 mg/kg/bw of the methanolic extract of S. filicaulis leaves (MESFL). Treatment was administered for 15 successive days via oral gavage. After 15 days, the rats were evaluated for fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (MDA), hexokinase, and glucose-6-phosphatase activities. Gene expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and the antiapoptotic protein caspase-3 were examined. RESULTS MESFL was administered to diabetic rats, and changes in body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c were restored. Furthermore, in diabetic rats, S. filicaulis significantly reduced the levels of triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and significantly increased HDL. S. filicaulis improved ALT, AST, and ALP enzyme activity in diabetic rats. MDA levels decreased considerably with increasing activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as GST, SOD, CAT and GSH, in diabetic liver rats treated with S. filicaulis. Diabetic rats treated with MESFL and metformin exhibited upregulated mRNA expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) mRNA expression in the liver was downregulated in diabetic rats treated with MESFL and metformin. In addition, MESFL downregulated the mRNA expression of caspase-3 in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION It can be concluded from the data presented in this study that MESFL exerts a protective effect on diabetic rats due to its antidiabetic, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic and antiapoptotic effects and may be considered a treatment for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Biochemistry Programme, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Fiyinfoluwa Stephen Oladepo
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Biochemistry Programme, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Akingbolabo Daniel Ogunlakin
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Biochemistry Programme, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | | | - Adeshina Isaiah Odugbemi
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Biochemistry Programme, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
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Maache S, Laaroussi H, Soulo N, Nouioura G, Boucetta N, Bouslamti M, Saghrouchni H, A Bin Jardan Y, Ibenmoussa S, Bourhia M, Lyoussi B, Elarabi I. The antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antihyperlipidemic effects of the polyphenolic extract from Salvia blancoana subsp. mesatlantica on induced diabetes in rats. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2024; 11:62. [PMID: 38926327 PMCID: PMC11208370 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00769-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, several studies have demonstrated the benefits of medicinal plants in managing type 2 diabetes. In this work, we evaluated the beneficial effects of the polyphenolic extract (PESB) from Salvia blancoana subsp. mesatlantica in the management of hypercaloric-feeding and small-dose alloxan-brought type 2 diabetes in rats. We analyzed the chemical constituents of the extract, including flavones and flavonols content, to understand its biological action. The antioxidant activities were evaluated by total antioxidant action, scavenging effect of the free radical DPPH, and reducing power. The obtained results showed that the value of TFC was estimated at 31.90 ± 0.34 mgEQ/g in the PESB extract. The total antioxidant capacity was estimated at 593.51 ± 4.09 mg (EAA)/g, the value of DPPH IC50 was 7.3 ± 0.00 μg/mL, and the value of EC50 of reducing power was estimated at 6.43 ± 0.01 μg/mL. In total, 14 phenolic compounds were identified and the naringin was the most dominant (63.19%) while the vanillin was the less recorded (0.10%). Serum glucose decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in rats given PESB (100 mg/kg) after four weeks. Glibenclamide (GLB) and PESB reduced HbA1c and increased plasma insulin in diabetic rats, restoring HOMA-β and HOMA-IR levels to near-normal. Additionally, diabetic rats treated with GLB or PESB showed statistically equivalent results to those of non-diabetic rats regarding hepatic enzymes, renal and lipid markers, as well as cardiovascular indices. The weight loss was significantly lower in diabetic rats receiving a dose of PESB (100 mg/kg), and GLB compared to corresponding untreated diabetic rats (p < 0.01). PESB and GLB showed a prominent protective function in the pancreas, liver, and kidney tissues. This investigation demonstrates the capacity of extracts from leaves of S. blancoana subsp. mesatlantica to manage diabetes mellitus due to their richness in a wide range of bioactive compounds. Therefore, more investigations are required to estimate the safety of the plant use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad Maache
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Hassan Laaroussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Najoua Soulo
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Ghizlane Nouioura
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | | | - Mohammed Bouslamti
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Hamza Saghrouchni
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çukurova University, 01250, Balcalı, Adana, Türkiye.
| | - Yousef A Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samir Ibenmoussa
- Laboratory of Therapeutic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montpellier, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Resources Valorization , Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, 80060, Agadir, Morocco
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry, Environment, Nutrition, and Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II, B. P. 5696, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Badiaa Lyoussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Ilham Elarabi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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Majeed A, Baig ZA, Rashid A. Identification and Molecular Simulation of Genetic Variants in ABCA1 Gene Associated with Susceptibility to Dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6796. [PMID: 38928502 PMCID: PMC11203815 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic insights help us to investigate disease pathogenesis and risk. The ABCA1 protein encoded by ABCA1 is involved in transporting cholesterol across the cell membrane. Genetic variations in the ABCA1 gene are well documented; however, their role in the development of diabetic dyslipidemia still needs to be explored. This study aimed to identify the associations of rs757194699 (K1587Q) and rs2066714 (I883M) with dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes and performed molecular simulations. In our case-control study, 330 individuals were divided equally into a diabetic dyslipidemia cases and a healthy controls. Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism were performed to screen selected variants of the ABCA1 gene. Sanger sequencing was also performed to find genetic mutations in exon 5 of the ABCA1 gene. The C allele of rs757194699 was observed at a high frequency in cases compared to controls and followed the overdominant genetic model (p < 0.0001, OR:3.84; CI:1.67-8.82). The frequency of G allele of rs2066714 was significantly higher in cases compared to controls and followed the genetic model of codominant (p< 0.0001, OR: 39.61; CI:9.97-157.32), dominant (p < 0.0001,OR:59.59; CI:15.19-233.81), overdominant (p< 0.0001, OR:9.75; CI:3.16-30.11), and log-additive (p< 0.0001, OR:42.15; CI:11.08-160.40). In silico modeling and docking revealed that rs2066714 and rs757194699 produced deleterious conformational changes in the ABCA1 protein, resulting in alterations in the binding of the apoA1 protein. There were no genetic variations found in exon-5 in Sanger sequencing. The G allele of rs2066714 and C allele of rs757194699 in the ABCA1 gene were found to be risk alleles in the development of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes. These polymorphisms could alter the binding site of ABCA1 with apoA1 thus disturbs the reverse cholesterol transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asifa Majeed
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan; (Z.A.B.); (A.R.)
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Lattibeaudiere KG, Alexander-Lindo RL. Oleic Acid and Succinic Acid: A Potent Nutritional Supplement in Improving Hepatic Glycaemic Control in Type 2 Diabetic Sprague-Dawley Rats. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2024; 2024:5556722. [PMID: 38938594 PMCID: PMC11208809 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5556722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutritional supplements are gaining traction for their effects in mitigating the impacts of various health conditions. In particular, many supplements are being proposed to reduce the impacts of type 2 diabetes (T2D), a metabolic condition that has reached global epidemic proportions. Recently, a supplement of oleic acid (OA) and succinic acid (SA; 1 : 1, w/w) was reported to improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetic (T2D) Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rats through ameliorating insulin release and sensitivity. Here, we investigate the effects of the supplement (OA and SA) on hepatic and pancreatic function in T2D S-D rats. Eighteen (18) S-D rats were rendered diabetic and were divided into three equal groups: diabetic control, diabetic treatment, and diabetic glibenclamide. Another 12 S-D rats were obtained and served as the normal groups. The animals were treated daily with the vehicle, OA and SA (800 mg/kg body weight (bw); 1 : 1), or glibenclamide (10 mg/kg bw) which served as the positive control. The findings indicated that treatment with the supplement resulted in a 35.69 ± 4.22% reduction (p=0.006) in blood glucose levels (BGL). Analysis of hepatic enzymes depicted that the nutritional supplement reduced the activity of the gluconeogenesis enzyme, glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P) while improved the activity of catabolic enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and pyruvate kinase (PK). Furthermore, the supplement attenuated oxidative stress through restoration of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), while reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Finally, the supplement showed no liver or kidney toxicity and improved the size and number of pancreatic islets of Langerhans, indicating its potential application in treating T2D. The study highlighted that a supplement of the two organic acids may be beneficial in reducing the rate of pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it may offer therapeutic value as a dietary or nutritional supplement in the approach against diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemmoy G. Lattibeaudiere
- School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science and Sport, University of Technology, Kingston, Jamaica
- Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Ruby Lisa Alexander-Lindo
- Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
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Deveci E, Tel-Çayan G, Çayan F, Yılmaz Altınok B, Aktaş S. Characterization of Polysaccharide Extracts of Four Edible Mushrooms and Determination of In Vitro Antioxidant, Enzyme Inhibition and Anticancer Activities. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:25887-25901. [PMID: 38911755 PMCID: PMC11191116 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Mushroom polysaccharides are important bioactive compounds derived from mushrooms with various beneficial properties. In this study, the chemical characterization and bioactivities of polysaccharide extracts from four different edible mushrooms, Clavariadelphus truncatus Donk, Craterellus tubaeformis (Fr.) Quél., Hygrophorus pudorinus (Fr.) Fr., and Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer were studied. Glucose (13.24-56.02%), galactose (14.18-64.05%), mannose (2.18-18.13%), fucose (1.21-5.78%), and arabinose (0.04-5.43%) were identified in all polysaccharide extracts by GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) confirmed the presence of characteristic carbohydrate patterns. 1H NMR suggested that all polysaccharide extracts had α- and β-d-mannopyranose, d-glucopyranose, d-galactopyranose, α-l-arabinofuranose, and α-l-fucopyranose residues. Approximate molecular weights of polysaccharide extracts were determined by HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography). The best antioxidant activity was found in M. procera polysaccharide extract in DPPH• (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging (39.03% at 800 μg/mL), CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) (A0.50: 387.50 μg/mL), and PRAP (phosphomolybdenum reducing antioxidant power) (A0.50: 384.08 μg/mL) assays. C. truncatus polysaccharide extract showed the highest antioxidant activity in ABTS•+ scavenging (IC50: 734.09 μg/mL), β-carotene-linoleic acid (IC50: 472.16 μg/mL), and iron chelating (IC50: 180.35 μg/mL) assays. Significant anticancer activity was found in C. truncatus polysaccharide extract on HT-29 (IC50: 46.49 μg/mL) and HepG2 (IC50: 48.50 μg/mL) cell lines and H. pudorinus polysaccharide extract on the HeLa cell line (IC50: 51.64 μg/mL). Also, H. pudorinus polysaccharide extract possessed prominent AChE (acetylcholinesterase) inhibition activity (49.14% at 200 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Deveci
- Chemistry
and Chemical Processing Technology Department, Technical Sciences
Vocational School, Konya Technical University, Konya 42100, Turkey
| | - Gülsen Tel-Çayan
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Muğla Vocational
School, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman
University, Muğla 48000, Turkey
| | - Fatih Çayan
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Muğla Vocational
School, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman
University, Muğla 48000, Turkey
| | - Bahar Yılmaz Altınok
- Department
of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman 70000, Turkey
| | - Sinan Aktaş
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selçuk
University, Konya 42100, Turkey
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Elisabetta Maccarronello A, Cardullo N, Margarida Silva A, Di Francesco A, Costa PC, Rodrigues F, Muccilli V. From waste to bioactive compounds: A response surface methodology approach to extract antioxidants from Pistacia vera shells for postprandial hyperglycaemia management. Food Chem 2024; 443:138504. [PMID: 38309024 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Pistacia vera shells, an abundant agricultural by-product, are a rich source of undiscovered bioactive compounds. This study employed a response surface methodology (RSM) approach to optimize the microwave-assisted extraction of antioxidants. The highest total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity were achieved under the optimized extraction conditions (20 % ethanol, 1000 W, 135 s, and solvent-to-solid ratio of 27 mL/g). The resulting extract (OPVS-E) included gallic acid derivatives, hydrolysable tannins, flavonoids, fatty acids, and anacardic acids. Remarkably, OPVS-E displayed potent inhibitory activity against α-amylase (IC50 = 2.05 μg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 41.07 μg/mL), by far more powerful than the anti-diabetic drug acarbose, OPVS-E exhibited a strong antiradical capacity against reactive oxygen species (ROS) without causing toxicity in intestinal cells (HT29-MTX and Caco-2). These findings introduce OPVS-E as a potential novel dual-action nutraceutical ingredient, able to mitigate postprandial hyperglycemia and counteract the ROS overproduction occurring in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nunzio Cardullo
- University of Catania, Department of Chemical Sciences, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Ana Margarida Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Antonella Di Francesco
- University of Catania, Department of Chemical Sciences, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Paulo C Costa
- UCIBIO, Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MedTech-Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Vera Muccilli
- University of Catania, Department of Chemical Sciences, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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Anwar S, Alrumaihi F, Sarwar T, Babiker AY, Khan AA, Prabhu SV, Rahmani AH. Exploring Therapeutic Potential of Catalase: Strategies in Disease Prevention and Management. Biomolecules 2024; 14:697. [PMID: 38927099 PMCID: PMC11201554 DOI: 10.3390/biom14060697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant defense mechanisms play a critical role in mitigating the deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Catalase stands out as a paramount enzymatic antioxidant. It efficiently catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into water and oxygen, a potentially harmful byproduct of cellular metabolism. This reaction detoxifies H2O2 and prevents oxidative damage. Catalase has been extensively studied as a therapeutic antioxidant. Its applications range from direct supplementation in conditions characterized by oxidative stress to gene therapy approaches to enhance endogenous catalase activity. The enzyme's stability, bioavailability, and the specificity of its delivery to target tissues are significant hurdles. Furthermore, studies employing conventional catalase formulations often face issues related to enzyme purity, activity, and longevity in the biological milieu. Addressing these challenges necessitates rigorous scientific inquiry and well-designed clinical trials. Such trials must be underpinned by sound experimental designs, incorporating advanced catalase formulations or novel delivery systems that can overcome existing limitations. Enhancing catalase's stability, specificity, and longevity in vivo could unlock its full therapeutic potential. It is necessary to understand the role of catalase in disease-specific contexts, paving the way for precision antioxidant therapy that could significantly impact the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehwaz Anwar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Mohan Institute of Nursing and Paramedical Sciences, Mohan Group of Institutions, Bareilly 243302, India;
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarique Sarwar
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Yousif Babiker
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sitrarasu Vijaya Prabhu
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Bioinformatics, National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirapalli 620001, India;
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Ali M, Hassan M, Ansari SA, Alkahtani HM, Al-Rasheed LS, Ansari SA. Quercetin and Kaempferol as Multi-Targeting Antidiabetic Agents against Mouse Model of Chemically Induced Type 2 Diabetes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:757. [PMID: 38931424 PMCID: PMC11206732 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes, a multifactorial metabolic disorder, demands the discovery of multi-targeting drugs with minimal side effects. This study investigated the multi-targeting antidiabetic potential of quercetin and kaempferol. The druggability and binding affinities of both compounds towards multiple antidiabetic targets were explored using pharmacokinetic and docking software (AutoDock Vina 1.1.2). Our findings showed that quercetin and kaempferol obey Lipinski's rule of five and exhibit desirable ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism excretion, and toxicity) profiles. Both compounds showed higher binding affinities towards C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-1 (IL-1), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-IV), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), and sodium-glucose co-transporter-1 (SGLT-1) compared to metformin (the positive control). Both quercetin and kaempferol inhibited α-amylase activity (in vitro) up to 20.30 ± 0.49 and 37.43 ± 0.42%, respectively. Their oral supplementation significantly reduced blood glucose levels (p < 0.001), improved lipid profile (p < 0.001), and enhanced total antioxidant status (p < 0.01) in streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA)-induced diabetic mice. Additionally, both compounds significantly inhibited the proliferation of Huh-7 and HepG2 (cancer cells) (p < 0.0001) with no effect on the viability of Vero cell line (non-cancer). In conclusion, quercetin and kaempferol demonstrated higher binding affinities towards multiple targets than metformin. In vitro and in vivo antidiabetic potential along with the anticancer activities of both compounds suggest promise for further development in diabetes management. The combination of both drugs did not show a synergistic effect, possibly due to their same target on the receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;
| | - Mudassir Hassan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;
- Department of Biotechnology, Akhuwat Faisalabad Institute of Research Science and Technology Faisalabad (A-FIRST), Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Siddique Akber Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (H.M.A.); (L.S.A.-R.)
| | - Hamad M. Alkahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (H.M.A.); (L.S.A.-R.)
| | - Lamees S. Al-Rasheed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (H.M.A.); (L.S.A.-R.)
| | - Shoeb Anwar Ansari
- Department of Drug Science, Technology University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy;
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Prasad MK, Victor PS, Ganesh GV, Juttada U, Kumpatla S, Viswanathan V, Ramkumar KM. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Suppresses Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Nephropathy Through Nrf2 Signaling: A Clinical and Experimental Study. J Clin Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38831713 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a severe complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is marked by heightened endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and oxidative stress (OS) due to protein misfolding and free radical generation. We investigated the sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), canagliflozin (Cana), in alleviating ERS and OS in DN patients and THP-1 cells under hyperglycemic condition. A total of 120 subjects were divided into four groups, with 30 subjects in each group: healthy controls, T2DM individuals, DN patients receiving standard treatment, and those treated with Cana. The control group had no history of diabetes, cardiovascular or renal diseases, or other comorbidities. Cana was administered at doses of either 100 or 300 mg per day based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) value of DN individuals, with a mean follow-up of 6 months. Additionally, THP-1 monocytes were exposed to HGM (33.3 mM glucose with a cytokine cocktail of TNF-α and IFN-γ at 50 ng/mL each) to evaluate the relative levels of ERS, OS markers, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), the transcription factor regulating cellular redox, which is downregulated in diabetes. Our results revealed that ERS markers GRP78 and PERK, as well as OS markers TXNIP and p22phox, were elevated in both DN patients and HGM-treated THP-1 monocytes and were reduced by Cana intervention. Furthermore, Cana regulated the phosphorylation of Nrf2, Akt, and EIF2α in HGM-treated monocytes. In conclusion, our findings highlight the role of Cana in activating Nrf2, thereby attenuating ERS and OS to mitigate DN progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali Krishna Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Paul S Victor
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Goutham V Ganesh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Udayama Juttada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Prof. M. Viswanathan's Diabetes Research Center, M.V. Hospital for Diabetes, Royapuram Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Satyavani Kumpatla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Prof. M. Viswanathan's Diabetes Research Center, M.V. Hospital for Diabetes, Royapuram Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Vijay Viswanathan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Prof. M. Viswanathan's Diabetes Research Center, M.V. Hospital for Diabetes, Royapuram Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, India
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Kour N, Bhagat G, Singh S, Bhatti SS, Arora S, Singh B, Bhatia A. Polyphenols mediated attenuation of diabetes associated cardiovascular complications: A comprehensive review. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:73-99. [PMID: 38932901 PMCID: PMC11196529 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01326-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic metabolic disorder that is characterized by increased levels of glucose for prolonged periods of time. Incessant hyperglycemia leads to diabetic complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, and cardiovascular complications such as ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy, stroke, etc. There are many studies that suggest that various polyphenols affect glucose homeostasis and can help to attenuate the complications associated with diabetes. Objective This review focuses on the possible role of various dietary polyphenols in palliating diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications. This review also aims to give an overview of the interrelationship among ROS production (due to diabetes), inflammation, glycoxidative stress, and cardiovascular complications as well as the anti-hyperglycemic effects of dietary polyphenols. Methods Various scientific databases including Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link, and Wiley Online Library were used for searching articles that complied with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results This review lists several polyphenols based on various pre-clinical and clinical studies that have anti-hyperglycemic potential as well as a protective function against cardiovascular complications. Conclusion Several pre-clinical and clinical studies suggest that various dietary polyphenols can be a promising intervention for the attenuation of diabetes-associated cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navdeep Kour
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Gulshan Bhagat
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Simran Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Sandip Singh Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144001 India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Balbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
| | - Astha Bhatia
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005 Punjab India
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Xiong M, Yu C, Ren B, Zhong M, Lu J, Yuan C, Sun Q, Peng Q, Zeng M, Song H. Global trends in oxidative stress in the Retina: A bibliometric analysis of 2013-2023. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31620. [PMID: 38831806 PMCID: PMC11145483 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of many retinal diseases. However, only a few systematic bibliometric studies have been conducted. This study aims to visualize research hotspots and developmental trends in oxidative stress in the retina from 2013 to 2023 by analyzing bibliometric data. Methods We retrieved papers on oxidative stress in the retina published between 2013 and 2023 from the Web of Science Core Collection. The data were visually analyzed using CiteSpace and VOSviewer software. Results The total number of 2100 publications were included in the analysis. An overall increasing trend in the number of publications is observed between 2013 and 2023. Chinese publications were the most contributive, but United States publications were the most influential. Shanghai Jiao Tong University was the most active and prolific institution. Antioxidants was the most productive journal, while Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity were the journals with the most-cited articles. Kaarniranta K, from Finland, was the most productive and influential author. Examination of co-cited references revealed that researchers in the field are primarily focused on investigating the molecular mechanisms, preventive strategies, and utilization of antioxidants to address retinal oxidative damage. Diabetic retinopathy, endothelial growth factor, retinitis pigmentosa, retinal degeneration, antioxidant response, retinal ganglion cells, and genes are the research hotspots in this field. Metabolism, sodium iodate, and system are at the forefront of research in this field. Conclusion Attention toward retinal oxidative stress has increased over the past decade. Current research focuses on the mechanisms of retinal diseases related to oxidative stress and the experimental study of antioxidants in retinal diseases, which may continue to be a trend in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xiong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chang Yu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Baoping Ren
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Meiqi Zhong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chengzhi Yuan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qifang Sun
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qinghua Peng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Meiyan Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Houpan Song
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Abouelwafa E, Zaki A, Sabry OM, El-Shiekh RA, Caprioli G, Abdel-Sattar E. Unveiling the chemical profiling and remarkable modulation of carbohydrate metabolism by costus root, Dolomiaea costus (Falc.) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117911. [PMID: 38355028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dolomiaea costus (Falc.), formerly Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipsch., an ayurvedic medicinal plant, has long been recognized and utilized in diverse indigenous systems of medicine for its multifaceted therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory, carminative, expectorant, antiarthritic, antiseptic, aphrodisiac, anodyne, and antidiabetic effects. AIM OF THE STUDY The potential and underlying mechanisms of D. costus root as an antidiabetic agent were investigated in this study. Additionally, the quantification of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, which dominate the extracts, was of particular interest in order to elucidate their contribution to the observed effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS High-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) was employed to analyze the chemical constituents in D. costus root aqueous extract (DCA) and D. costus root ethanolic extract (DCE). Furthermore, the inhibitory potentials of DCE and its respective fractions as well as DCA against α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase enzymes were assessed. Subsequently, the efficacy of DCA and DCE extracts was evaluated using an established streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic animal model; this involved administering the extracts at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg bwt. and comparing them with a positive control (glibenclamide (Glib.) at 0.6 mg/kg bwt.). After induction of diabetes (except for negative control), all animals received the treatments orally for 21 days consecutively, followed by the collection of rat serum to assess various parameters including, glycemic and lipid profiles, liver and kidney functions, antioxidant activity, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis pathways. RESULTS The results of HPLC-ESI-MS/MS revealed that isochlorogenic acid A (8393.64 μg/g) and chlorogenic acid (6532.65 μg/g) were the predominant compounds in DCE and DCA, respectively. Both extracts exhibited notable antidiabetic properties, as evidenced by their ability to regulate blood glycemic and lipid profiles (glucose, insulin, HBA1C; HDL, TC, TGs), liver enzymes (ALT, ALP, AST), kidney function (urea, creatinine, uric acid), oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA), antioxidant enzymes (CAT, GSH, SOD), as well as glycolysis (glucokinase) and gluconeogenesis (G-6-P, FBP1) pathways. CONCLUSIONS Furthermore, the administration of D. costus extracts significantly mitigated STZ-induced diabetic hyperglycemia. These results can be attributed, at least partially, to the presence of several polyphenolic compounds with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebraheem Abouelwafa
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Animal Health Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Omar M Sabry
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Riham A El-Shiekh
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Giovanni Caprioli
- Pharmacy Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Essam Abdel-Sattar
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Aryal D, Joshi S, Thapa NK, Chaudhary P, Basaula S, Joshi U, Bhandari D, Rogers HM, Bhattarai S, Sharma KR, Regmi BP, Parajuli N. Dietary phenolic compounds as promising therapeutic agents for diabetes and its complications: A comprehensive review. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3025-3045. [PMID: 38726403 PMCID: PMC11077226 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the middle of an ever-changing landscape of diabetes care, precision medicine, and lifestyle therapies are becoming increasingly important. Dietary polyphenols are like hidden allies found in our everyday meals. These biomolecules, found commonly in fruits, vegetables, and various plant-based sources, hold revolutionary potential within their molecular structure in the way we approach diabetes and its intimidating consequences. There are currently numerous types of diabetes medications, but they are not appropriate for all patients due to limitations in dosages, side effects, drug resistance, a lack of efficacy, and ethnicity. Currently, there has been increased interest in practicing herbal remedies to manage diabetes and its related complications. This article aims to summarize the potential of dietary polyphenols as a foundation in the treatment of diabetes and its associated consequences. We found that most polyphenols inhibit enzymes linked to diabetes. This review outlines the potential benefits of selected molecules, including kaempferol, catechins, rosmarinic acid, apigenin, chlorogenic acid, and caffeic acid, in managing diabetes mellitus as these compounds have exhibited promising results in in vitro, in vivo, in silico, and some preclinical trials study. This encompassing exploration reveals the multifaceted impact of polyphenols not only in mitigating diabetes but also in addressing associated conditions like inflammation, obesity, and even cancer. Their mechanisms involve antioxidant functions, immune modulation, and proinflammatory enzyme regulation. Furthermore, these molecules exhibit anti-tumor activities, influence cellular pathways, and activate AMPK pathways, offering a less toxic, cost-effective, and sustainable approach to addressing diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipa Aryal
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Soniya Joshi
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Nabin Kumar Thapa
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Pratiksha Chaudhary
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Sirjana Basaula
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Usha Joshi
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Damodar Bhandari
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Hannah M. Rogers
- Department of ChemistryFlorida Agricultural and Mechanical UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA
| | | | - Khaga Raj Sharma
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
| | - Bishnu P. Regmi
- Department of ChemistryFlorida Agricultural and Mechanical UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA
| | - Niranjan Parajuli
- Biological Chemistry Lab, Central Department of ChemistryTribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal
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Rivas-Garcia L, Quintana-Navarro GM, Alcala-Díaz JF, Torres-Peña JD, Arenas-de Larriva AP, Rangel-Zuñiga OA, López-Moreno A, Malagon MM, Katsiki N, Perez-Martinez P, Lopez-Miranda J, Delgado-Lista J. Association between Diet Quality and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: Findings from the CORDIOPREV Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:1249. [PMID: 38674939 PMCID: PMC11053861 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is growing in Western countries. Nutritional interventions that promote high-quality dietary patterns could help reverse this trend. We aimed to evaluate whether changes in Nutrient-Rich Food Index 9.3 (NRF9.3) were related to the risk of developing T2DM in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). The study was carried out in the context of two healthy dietary interventions (a Mediterranean and a low-fat diet). For this purpose, we evaluated all the patients in the CORDIOPREV study without T2DM at baseline. Data were obtained during the first 5 years of dietary intervention. The score was calculated using the Food Frequency Questionnaires at baseline and after 1 year of intervention. After 5 years of follow-up, 106 patients developed T2DM (incident-T2DM), while 316 subjects did not (non-T2DM). Total NRF9.3 score and changes during the first year of intervention were compared between incident-T2DM and non-T2DM. Incident-T2DM showed less improvement in NRF9.3 than non-T2DM (p = 0.010). In the multi-adjusted Cox proportional hazard study, patients with greater improvement in NRF9.3 had over 50% less risk of developing T2DM compared with the lowest tertile (HR 2.10, 95%, CI = 1.12-3.56). In conclusion, improved diet quality in terms of nutrient density after the dietary intervention was associated with a lower risk of T2DM in patients with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Rivas-Garcia
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Gracia M. Quintana-Navarro
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan F. Alcala-Díaz
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jose D. Torres-Peña
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio P. Arenas-de Larriva
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Oriol Alberto Rangel-Zuñiga
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro López-Moreno
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria M. Malagon
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus
| | - Pablo Perez-Martinez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jose Lopez-Miranda
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Javier Delgado-Lista
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
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Yang Z, Zhang L, Liu J, Li D. Litchi Pericarp Extract Treats Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Regulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Response, and Energy Metabolism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:495. [PMID: 38671942 PMCID: PMC11047702 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Litchi pericarp is rich in polyphenols, and demonstrates significant biological activity. This study assessed the therapeutic effects of litchi pericarp extract (LPE) on type 2 diabetes mellitus in db/db mice. The results showed that LPE ameliorated symptoms of glucose metabolism disorder, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and insulin resistance in db/db mice. The mechanistic studies indicated that LPE activates adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and suppresses the protein expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), thereby reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis. Additionally, LPE facilitates the translocation of nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) into the cell nucleus, initiating the transcription of antioxidant factors superoxide dismutase (SOD) and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), which alleviate oxidative stress and reduce oxidative damage. Furthermore, LPE blocks nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) nuclear translocation and subsequent inflammatory response initiation, thereby reducing inflammation. These findings indicate that LPE addresses type 2 diabetes mellitus by activating the AMPK energy metabolic pathway and regulating the Nrf2 oxidative stress and NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Li Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jinlei Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Dianpeng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, China; (L.Z.); (J.L.)
- Engineering Research Center of Innovative Traditional Chinese, Zhuang and Yao Materia Medica, Ministry of Education, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
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Asghari KM, Saleh P, Salekzamani Y, Dolatkhah N, Aghamohammadzadeh N, Hashemian M. The effect of curcumin and high-content eicosapentaenoic acid supplementations in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a double-blinded randomized clinical trial. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:14. [PMID: 38589346 PMCID: PMC11001914 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00274-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The present study investigated the effect of curcumin and eicosapentaenoic acid, as one the main components of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, on anthropometric, glucose homeostasis, and gene expression markers of cardio-metabolic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. SUBJECTS/METHODS This clinical trial was conducted at the Endocrinology Clinic of Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz. It aimed to determine the impact of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA), Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA), and curcumin supplements on various health indicators in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) from 2021.02.01 to 2022.02.01. The study was a randomized double-blinded clinical trial and conducted over 12 weeks with 100 participants randomly divided into four groups. Stratified randomization was used to assign participants to two months of supplementation based on sex and Body Mass Index (BMI). The study comprised four groups: Group 1 received 2 capsules of 500 mg EPA and 200 mg DHA, along with 1 nano-curcumin placebo; Group 2 received 1 capsule of 80 mg nano-curcumin and 2 omega 3 Fatty Acids placebos; Group 3 received 2 capsules of 500 mg EPA and 200 mg DHA, and 1 capsule of 80 mg nano-curcumin; Group 4, the control, received 2 omega 3 Fatty Acids placebos and 1 nano-curcumin placebo. RESULTS After twelve weeks of taking EPA + Nano-curcumin supplements, the patients experienced a statistically significant reduction in insulin levels in their blood [MD: -1.44 (-2.70, -0.17)]. This decrease was significantly greater than the changes observed in the placebo group [MD: -0.63 (-1.97, 0.69)]. The EPA + Nano-curcumin group also showed a significant decrease in High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) levels compared to the placebo group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the EPA + Nano-curcumin group had a significant increase in Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) levels compared to the placebo group (p < 0.01). However, there were no significant differences in Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index, Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI), or Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) levels between the four groups (all p > 0.05). There were significant differences between the Nano-curcumin and EPA groups [MD: -17.02 (-32.99, -1.05)], and between the Nano-curcumin and control groups [MD: -20.76 (-36.73, -4.79)] in terms of lowering the serum cholesterol level. The difference in Triglycerides (TG) serum levels between the EPA + Nano-curcumin and placebo groups were not statistically significant (p = 0.093). The Nano-curcumin group showed significant decreases in Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) levels compared to the EPA group [MD: -20.12 (-36.90, -3.34)] and the control group [MD: -20.79 (-37.57, -4.01)]. There was a near-to-significant difference in High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) serum levels between the EPA + Nano-curcumin and EPA groups (p = 0.056). Finally, there were significant differences in the decrease of serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) levels between the EPA and Nano-curcumin groups [MD: -127.50 (-247.91, -7.09)], the EPA and placebo groups [MD: 126.25 (5.83, 246.66)], the EPA + Nano-curcumin and Nano-curcumin groups [MD: -122.76 (-243.17, -2.35)], and the EPA + Nano- curcumin and placebo groups [MD: 121.50 (1.09, 241.92)]. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study suggest that 12-week supplementation with EPA and Nano-curcumin may positively impact inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic parameters in patients with diabetes. The supplementation of EPA and Nano-curcumin may be a potential intervention to manage diabetes and reduce the risk of complications associated with diabetes. However, further research is needed to validate the study's findings and establish the long-term effects of EPA and Nano-curcumin supplementation in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Motlagh Asghari
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parviz Saleh
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Salekzamani
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Dolatkhah
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Maryam Hashemian
- Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, Utica University, Utica, NY, USA
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Abdillah R, Maulina M, Rahmatika A, Suharti N, Armenia A. Roselle Calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Ethyl Acetate Fraction Lowering Malondialdehyde and TNF-α and Reducing Hypercoagulability in Diabetic Model. Pharmacology 2024; 109:243-252. [PMID: 38583417 DOI: 10.1159/000538362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traditionally and empirically, Hibiscus sabdariffa L. has been used in treating diabetes mellitus due to its antioxidant activity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of administering the ethyl acetate fraction of hibiscus calyxes (EAFHCs) on malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels, bleeding time, and platelet count in male white rats induced with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. METHOD Thirty-six Wistar Kyoto rats were induced with intraperitoneal streptozotocin at 55 mg/kg BW and stabilized for 5 days to obtain diabetic conditions. Diabetic animals were divided into four groups; the diabetic group was given vehicle, the glibenclamide group was given 0.45 mg/kg BW of glibenclamide, and two groups were administered the EAFHCs at doses of 100 mg/kg BW and 200 mg/kg BW for 5 days. Subsequently, the MDA, TNF-α, bleeding time and platelet count levels were examined on days 1, 3, and 5, respectively. All data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). RESULTS EAFHC significantly reduced MDA and TNF-α levels (p < 0.05). Additionally, this fraction appeared to shorten bleeding time and decrease platelet count in diabetic rats. Administration of the EAFHC for 5 days effectively lowered MDA and TNF-α levels significantly, decreased platelet counts and prolonged coagulation (p < 0.05) in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that EAFHC effectively reduces MDA and TNF-α levels and reduces the risk of hypercoagulability in diabetic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmad Abdillah
- Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia,
| | - Milla Maulina
- Undergraduate Pharmacy Study Program Faculty of Pharmacy Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Afni Rahmatika
- Undergraduate Pharmacy Study Program Faculty of Pharmacy Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Netty Suharti
- Departement of Pharmaceutical Biology and Natural Product, Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
| | - Armenia Armenia
- Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
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Mantadaki AE, Linardakis M, Vafeiadi M, Anastasiou F, Tsatsakis A, Symvoulakis EK. The Impact of Three-Month Quercetin Intake on Quality of Life and Anxiety in Patients With Type II Diabetes Mellitus: An Early Data Analysis From a Randomized Controlled Trial. Cureus 2024; 16:e58219. [PMID: 38745810 PMCID: PMC11091546 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a high-prevalence, major chronic metabolic disease demanding effective interventions. Quercetin, a phytochemical with potential health benefits, has garnered interest for its therapeutic properties. AIM This study was designed to capture the early efficacy and clinical safety aspects following quercetin administration in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS The main study involved a randomized allocation procedure to assign non-insulin-treated patients attending the 4th Health Unit of Heraklion to intervention and control groups based on age and sex. The intervention group (n=50) received 500 mg of quercetin daily for 12 + (8 free intervals) + 12 weeks, alongside their usual treatment, while the control group (n=50) did not. After randomization, for the intermediary 12-week follow-up, data from 38 patients (intervention: 20; control: 18) were analyzed in this report. All subjects provided informed consent for the collection of anthropometric measurements, vital signs, daily habits data, and PiKo-6 spirometric readings. Additionally, participants responded to the Short Anxiety Screening Test (SAST) and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaires. RESULTS Thirty-eight participants were included (60% men and 40% women in the intervention group; 38.9% men and 61.1% women in the control group). In the treatment arm, Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1) measured with PiKo-6 showed a Δ%- change for the intervention arm: +6.8%, control: -0.2% (p=0.059), systolic blood pressure; intervention: -7.4%, control: -3.7% (p=0.117), waist circumference; intervention: -1.5% control: -0.7% (p=0.455) and night-time sleep; intervention: +5.3%, control: +1.4% (p=0.926) were favourably influenced. The treatment group exhibited significant enhancements in both anxiety levels assessed by the anxiety symptoms scale (SAST-10, p=0.026) and quality of life evaluated by the SF-36 (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Positive evidence is emerging for a pleiotropic effect of quercetin intake in patients with T2DM, specifically in terms of anxiety reduction and amelioration of life quality, in just 12 weeks of administration and without adverse effects, indicating clinical safety and underscoring its potential for integration in T2DM supportive care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manolis Linardakis
- Department of Social Medicine, Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, GRC
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, GRC
| | - Foteini Anastasiou
- Department of Social Medicine, Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, GRC
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Morphology, Laboratory of Toxicology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, GRC
| | - Emmanouil K Symvoulakis
- Department of Social Medicine, Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, GRC
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Zhang Y, Zhai X, Chai H, Liu K, Ma W, Li S, Zeng J, Yang M, Zhou F, Zheng S, Wu X, Xiang B, Cao J, Eshak ES, Jiang C. Associations of different isomeric forms of serum lycopene with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2024; 94:108-119. [PMID: 36691936 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background: The effect of serum lycopene on the progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their longevity remains a controversial topic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations of different isomeric forms of serum lycopene with CVD and all-cause mortality in the American population. Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a large population survey to investigate public health in the US. We analyzed data from 2003-2006 linked with mortality data obtained in 2015. Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to assess the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality caused by serum lycopene. Results: Among 7452 participants (aged 20-85 years, 46.7% male), 298 died from CVDs among the total 1213 deaths during a median follow-up of 10.7 years. Serum lycopene is a protective factor for all-cause and CVD mortality. In multivariable-adjusted models, the hazard ratio (with 95% confidence intervals) associated with Q4 compared to Q1 of serum total-lycopene, trans-lycopene and cis-lycopene was 0.49 (0.38,0.63), 0.49 (0.39,0.63) and 0.55 (0.43,0.70) for all-cause mortality (Ptrend<0.05), and was 0.53 (0.32,0.96), 0.48 (0.32,0.72) and 0.63 (0.41,0.97) for CVD mortality (Ptrend<0.05). The subgroup analyses showed that different isomeric forms of lycopene showed varied associations with CVD and all-cause mortality based on age, drinking status, history of hypertension and diabetes. Conclusions: Serum lycopene concentration was significantly associated with the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality. Cis-lycopene had a U-shaped relationship with mortality, while trans-lycopene had an inverse relationship with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhai
- Center for Artificial Intelligence Driven Drug Discovery, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, China
| | - Honglin Chai
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Wenzhi Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Shiyang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Surui Zheng
- School of Literature, Law and Economics, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xia Wu
- School of Literature, Law and Economics, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Bing Xiang
- Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jinhong Cao
- School of Management, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Research Center for the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Province Project of Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences at Universities, Wuhan, China
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt
- Advanced Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Data Science Unit, Public Health Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Can Jiang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Australia
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Mustafa YF. Harmful Free Radicals in Aging: A Narrative Review of Their Detrimental Effects on Health. Indian J Clin Biochem 2024; 39:154-167. [PMID: 38577147 PMCID: PMC10987461 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The production of harmful free radicals (H-FRs), especially those with oxygen or nitrogen atoms, depends on both internal and environmental causes. The negative effects of H-FRs are greatly alleviated by antioxidant protection. The harmful impact of oxidative stress, or OS, is brought on by a disparity between the defense mechanisms of the body and the creation of H-FRs. Aging is characterized by a slow decline in tissue and organ competence. Age-mediated pathologies start as an aberrant accumulation of H-FRs, which inhibit cells' capacity to divide, repair, and operate, based on the OS theorem of aging. The natural outcome of this situation is apoptosis. These conditions may include skeletal muscle dysfunction, cancer, cardiovascular, chronic hepatitis, chronic renal, and chronic pulmonary disorders. Given the substantial role that OS plays in the progression of many of these illnesses, antioxidant-based therapy may have a favorable impact on how these diseases progress. To ascertain the true efficacy of this therapy strategy, more research is necessary. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the literature on this challenging issue that is attracting interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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Singhal B, Chauhan S, Soni N, Gurjar V, Joshi V, Kaur P, Ratre P, Kumari R, Mishra PK. Modulatory Effects of Vitamin D: A Possible Approach to Mitigate Air Pollution Related Pregnancy Complications. J Reprod Infertil 2024; 25:79-101. [PMID: 39157803 PMCID: PMC11327426 DOI: 10.18502/jri.v25i2.16004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Approximately 99% of people on the planet breathe air that exceeds the World Health Organization's permitted threshold for pollution. South Asia is home to the world's most polluted cities. Population-based studies have suggested that women's reproductive health outcomes are worsening due to air pollution. Preeclampsia, miscarriage, gestational diabetes, high blood pressure, and unfavorable birth outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, or even stillbirth are all linked to exposure to air pollution during pregnancy. It is estimated that 0.61 million deaths in India alone were related to indoor air pollution. Females frequently cook in the household using solid fuel as a primary combustion source. Women in the regions with the highest population density are disproportionately affected by high levels of poor-quality indoor air. Recently, it has been proposed that air pollution has a distinct role in the onset of vitamin D deficiency. Numerous studies have explored associations between low vitamin D level and various female reproductive health conditions since the discovery of the vitamin D receptor. It is worthy to note that some of these reproductive health conditions positively correlate with the severity of air pollution. In this study, the evidence has been synthesized on vitamin D's protective properties and dietary and pharmaceutical interventions have been discussed to show their beneficial effects in decreasing the long-term negative impacts of air pollution on women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nikita Soni
- - Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology (EBGMB), ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
| | - Vikas Gurjar
- - Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology (EBGMB), ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
| | - Vibhor Joshi
- - Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology (EBGMB), ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
| | - Prasan Kaur
- - Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology (EBGMB), ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
| | - Pooja Ratre
- - Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology (EBGMB), ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
| | - Roshani Kumari
- - Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology (EBGMB), ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
- - Division of Environmental Biotechnology, Genetics & Molecular Biology (EBGMB), ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health (NIREH), Bhopal, India
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Lahlou RA, Carvalho F, Pereira MJ, Lopes J, Silva LR. Overview of Ethnobotanical-Pharmacological Studies Carried Out on Medicinal Plants from the Serra da Estrela Natural Park: Focus on Their Antidiabetic Potential. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:454. [PMID: 38675115 PMCID: PMC11054966 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The Serra da Estrela Natural Park (NPSE) in Portugal stands out as a well-preserved region abundant in medicinal plants, particularly known for their pharmaceutical applications in diabetes prevention and treatment. This comprehensive review explores these plants' botanical diversity, traditional uses, pharmacological applications, and chemical composition. The NPSE boast a rich diversity with 138 medicinal plants across 55 families identified as traditionally and pharmacologically used against diabetes globally. Notably, the Asteraceae and Lamiaceae families are prevalent in antidiabetic applications. In vitro studies have revealed their significant inhibition of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, and certain plant co-products regulate genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and insulin secretion. In vivo trials have demonstrated antidiabetic effects, including glycaemia regulation, insulin secretion, antioxidant activity, and lipid profile modulation. Medicinal plants in NPSE exhibit various activities beyond antidiabetic, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-cancer, and more. Chemical analyses have identified over fifty compounds like phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and polysaccharides responsible for their efficacy against diabetes. These findings underscore the potential of NPSE medicinal plants as antidiabetic candidates, urging further research to develop effective plant-based antidiabetic drugs, beverages, and supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhia Aitfella Lahlou
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (R.A.L.); (F.C.)
| | - Filomena Carvalho
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (R.A.L.); (F.C.)
| | - Maria João Pereira
- CERENA/DER, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - João Lopes
- iMed.ULisboa, Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, University of Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Luís R. Silva
- SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal; (R.A.L.); (F.C.)
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- CERES, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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M I, Prethipa R, Kumar S L, Eswaramoorthy R, Kumar Vadivel J. Evaluation of Salivary Butylated Hydroxytoluene and Ascorbic Acid Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Cureus 2024; 16:e56590. [PMID: 38646241 PMCID: PMC11031368 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health concern associated with systemic as well as oral complications. The preventive antioxidants found in saliva naturally reduce the damaging effects of reactive oxygen molecules. Any disruption to the regular functioning of these antioxidants may lead to oxidative stress, which could boost an individual's vulnerability to oral diseases. Diabetes patients are vulnerable to various dental complications, such as oral mucosal disorders, dental caries, dry mouth, and periodontal disease. AIM This study aimed to assess the salivary butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and ascorbic acid (AA) levels in patients with controlled and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study included samples from patients aged 45-65. Group I consisted of 20 controlled diabetic patients, and Group II consisted of 20 uncontrolled diabetic patients. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected from both groups, and laboratory analysis was done. Salivary BHT and AA levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and spectrophotometric assay. RESULTS Salivary butylated hydroxytoluene levels were found to be higher in the uncontrolled diabetic group than in the controlled diabetic group, and salivary AA levels were found to be higher in the controlled diabetic group than in the uncontrolled diabetic group. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) values of butylated hydroxytoluene among controlled and uncontrolled diabetic patients were 2.98 ± 0.12 and 2.99 ± 0.11 absorbance units, respectively. The mean ± SD value of AA in the controlled group was found to be 2.99 ± 0.15 absorbance units, and the mean ± SD value of AA in the uncontrolled group was 2.64 ± 0.96 absorbance units. However, it has been found that there is no statistically significant difference between salivary BHT and AA levels among controlled and uncontrolled diabetics, with p-values of 0.867 and 0.419, respectively. CONCLUSION Values of salivary biochemical markers were distinctly different between controlled and uncontrolled diabetic groups. However, to establish a definite role of salivary BHT and AA levels as biomarkers in managing and monitoring type 2 diabetes, future studies are required, even though the trends exhibit possible alterations in biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Induja M
- Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND
| | - Roland Prethipa
- Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND
| | - Lokesh Kumar S
- Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, IND
| | - Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy
- Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND
| | - Jayanth Kumar Vadivel
- Oral Medicine, Radiology, and Special Care Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IND
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50
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Szałabska-Rąpała K, Zych M, Borymska W, Londzin P, Dudek S, Kaczmarczyk-Żebrowska I. Beneficial effect of honokiol and magnolol on polyol pathway and oxidative stress parameters in the testes of diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116265. [PMID: 38364735 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In diabetes hyperglycemia, excessive production of free radicals and present oxidative stress lead to many complications in the body, including male reproductive system disorders. To prevent the development of diabetic complications in the testes resulting from them, it seems beneficial to include compounds considered as natural antioxidants. Honokiol and magnolol are neolignans obtained from magnolia bark, which possess proven antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of honokiol and magnolol on the parameters of oxidative stress, polyol pathway and glycation products in the testes as well as on selected biochemical parameters in the blood serum of rats with type 2 diabetes. The study was conducted on mature male Wistar rats with high fat diet and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes. Neolignans-treated rats received honokiol or magnolol orally at the doses of 5 or 25 mg/kg, respectively, for 4 weeks. Parameters related to glucose and lipid homeostasis, basic serological parameters and sex hormones level in the serum as well as polyol pathway parameters, antioxidant enzyme activity, endogenous antioxidants level, sumaric parameters for oxidative stress and oxidative damage in the testes were estimated. Oral administration of honokiol and magnolol turned out to be beneficial in combating the effects of oxidative stess in the testes, but showed no favorable effects on serum biochemical parameters. Additionally, magnolol compared to honokiol revealed more advantageous impact indicating the reversal of the effects of diabetic complications in the male reproductive system and counteracted oxidative stress damages and polyol pathway disorders in the testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Szałabska-Rąpała
- Doctoral School of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, Sosnowiec 41-200, Poland.
| | - Maria Zych
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, Sosnowiec 41-200, Poland
| | - Weronika Borymska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, Sosnowiec 41-200, Poland
| | - Piotr Londzin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, Sosnowiec 41-200, Poland
| | - Sławomir Dudek
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, Sosnowiec 41-200, Poland
| | - Ilona Kaczmarczyk-Żebrowska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Jagiellońska 4, Sosnowiec 41-200, Poland
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