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Zhang Y, Zhai X, Chai H, Liu K, Ma W, Li S, Zeng J, Yang M, Zhou F, Zheng S, Wu X, Xiang B, Cao J, Eshak ES, Jiang C. Associations of different isomeric forms of serum lycopene with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2024; 94:108-119. [PMID: 36691936 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background: The effect of serum lycopene on the progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their longevity remains a controversial topic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations of different isomeric forms of serum lycopene with CVD and all-cause mortality in the American population. Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a large population survey to investigate public health in the US. We analyzed data from 2003-2006 linked with mortality data obtained in 2015. Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to assess the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality caused by serum lycopene. Results: Among 7452 participants (aged 20-85 years, 46.7% male), 298 died from CVDs among the total 1213 deaths during a median follow-up of 10.7 years. Serum lycopene is a protective factor for all-cause and CVD mortality. In multivariable-adjusted models, the hazard ratio (with 95% confidence intervals) associated with Q4 compared to Q1 of serum total-lycopene, trans-lycopene and cis-lycopene was 0.49 (0.38,0.63), 0.49 (0.39,0.63) and 0.55 (0.43,0.70) for all-cause mortality (Ptrend<0.05), and was 0.53 (0.32,0.96), 0.48 (0.32,0.72) and 0.63 (0.41,0.97) for CVD mortality (Ptrend<0.05). The subgroup analyses showed that different isomeric forms of lycopene showed varied associations with CVD and all-cause mortality based on age, drinking status, history of hypertension and diabetes. Conclusions: Serum lycopene concentration was significantly associated with the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality. Cis-lycopene had a U-shaped relationship with mortality, while trans-lycopene had an inverse relationship with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhai
- Center for Artificial Intelligence Driven Drug Discovery, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, China
| | - Honglin Chai
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Wenzhi Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Shiyang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Surui Zheng
- School of Literature, Law and Economics, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Xia Wu
- School of Literature, Law and Economics, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Bing Xiang
- Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jinhong Cao
- School of Management, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Research Center for the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Province Project of Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences at Universities, Wuhan, China
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt
- Advanced Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Data Science Unit, Public Health Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Can Jiang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Australia
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Yan F, Arafa A, Eshak ES, Shirai K, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Daytime napping and the risk of gastric cancer: the JACC Study. Cancer Causes Control 2024:10.1007/s10552-024-01858-4. [PMID: 38498221 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-024-01858-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Japan and worldwide. Emerging literature has suggested unfavorable health outcomes associated with daytime napping. Herein, we aimed to investigate the association between daytime napping and the risk of gastric cancer among Japanese people. METHODS This prospective cohort study included 49,037 participants, aged 40-79 years, from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study). Participants with positive cancer history and those who reported night or rotational shift work were excluded. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident gastric cancer among daytime nappers. RESULTS Within 650,040 person-years (median = 13.7 years) of follow-up, 1,164 participants developed gastric cancer. Daytime napping was associated with the increased risk of gastric cancer in the multivariable-adjusted model: HR (95% CI) = 1.14 (1.01, 1.29). The excess risk did not significantly differ across sexes, age groups (<65 and ≥65 years), and employment status (employed and unemployed) (p-interactions > 0.40). However, sleep duration modified this effect: HRs (95% CIs) = 1.66 (1.23, 2.23) in sleep duration ≤6 h/night versus 1.06 (0.93, 1.21) in sleep duration >6 h/night (p-interaction = 0.006). CONCLUSION Daytime napping was associated with increased gastric cancer risk, especially among those who reported short sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Yan
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, 102-0071, Japan.
| | - Ahmed Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Advanced Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
- Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.
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Yan F, Eshak ES, Arafa A, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Vitamin K Intake and Risk of Lung Cancer: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. J Epidemiol 2023; 33:536-542. [PMID: 35871570 PMCID: PMC10483107 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20220063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited reports from prospective human studies investigated the possible role of vitamin K in the development of lung cancer although vitamin K's anticarcinogenic activities were verified from several in vitro and in vivo studies. We investigated the associations between total vitamin K intake from food and the development of lung cancer based on this large prospective cohort study. METHODS A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to examine vitamin K intake among 42,166 (16,341 men and 25,825 women) at the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study's baseline (1988-1990). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident lung cancer were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard regression method based on vitamin K consumption quartiles. RESULTS 430 cases (308 males and 122 women) of lung cancer were documented during a total of 564,127 person-years of follow-up (median follow-up, 14.6 years). Vitamin K consumption was shown to be inversely related to lung cancer risk; the multivariable hazard ratio [HR] for the highest versus lowest quartiles was 0.67 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.46-0.96; P for trend = 0.010). This relationship appears to be stronger in males (HR 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40-0.96; P for trend = 0.016) than in females (HR 0.82; 95% CI, 0.42-1.61; P for trend = 0.39) (P for interaction = 0.012), and in ever smokers (HR 0.57; 95% CI, 0.36-0.91; P for trend = 0.006) than in never smokers (HR 0.79; 95% CI, 0.40-1.55; P for trend = 0.37) (P for interaction = 0.30). The individuals' age, body mass index, or alcohol consumption status had no effect on the observed connection. CONCLUSION Vitamin K consumption reduces the risk of lung cancer. More research is needed to clarify the molecular processes behind this connection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Yan
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ehab S. Eshak
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Advanced Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Public Health, School of Health, Calvin University, Michigan, USA
| | - Ahmed Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - the JACC Study Group
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Advanced Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Public Health, School of Health, Calvin University, Michigan, USA
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Tang J, Dong JY, Eshak ES, Cui R, Shirai K, Liu K, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Breakfast Type and Cardiovascular Mortality: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2023; 30:1255-1264. [PMID: 36543187 PMCID: PMC10499662 DOI: 10.5551/jat.63564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Little is known regarding the association between breakfast type and cardiovascular mortality. We examined the associations between breakfast type and risks of mortality from stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), and total cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS A total of 85,319 males and females aged 40 to 79 years who were free from CVD and cancers at baseline were involved in this study. The participants were divided into five groups according to their self-reported breakfast types: Japanese breakfast, Western breakfast, mixed Japanese-Western breakfast, other breakfast, and skipping breakfast groups. All hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models after adjusting for the potential confounding factors. RESULTS During the median 19-year follow-up, we identified CVD deaths of 5,870 subjects. Compared to the Japanese breakfast, the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) of total CVD were 0.64 (0.52-0.79) for mixed Japanese-Western breakfast, 0.90 (0.77-1.04) for Western breakfast, 1.24 (0.95-1.61) for other breakfast, and 1.31 (1.00-1.71) for skipping breakfast. The corresponding HRs (95% CIs) of total stroke were 0.67 (0.49-0.91), 0.83 (0.66-1.05), 1.15 (0.76-1.74), and 1.25 (0.82-1.92), and those of CHD were 0.73 (0.48-1.12), 1.08 (0.81-1.44), 1.09 (0.60-1.98), and 1.77 (1.11-2.83). CONCLUSION Compared to Japanese breakfast, mixed Japanese-Western breakfast may have a protective role in cardiovascular mortality whereas skipping breakfast may harm cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Tang
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jia-Yi Dong
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ehab S. Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Renzhe Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Okanami General Hospital, Mie, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Eshak ES, Baba S, Yatsuya H, Iso H, Hirakawa Y, Mahfouz EM, Chifa C, Sakaniwa R, El-Khateeb AS. Work and Family Conflicts, Depression, and "Ikigai": A Mediation Analysis in a Cross-cultural Study Between Japanese and Egyptian Civil Workers. J Epidemiol 2023; 33:360-366. [PMID: 35153274 PMCID: PMC10257991 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20210338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Total work-family conflicts (TWFCs) could associate with mental health, and having ikigai (a purpose of life) may mediate this association. METHODS In a cross-cultural study of 4,792 Japanese Aichi Workers' Cohort study participants and 3,109 Egyptian civil workers, the Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) questionnaire measured TWFCs and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) 11-item scale measured depression. We used logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of having depression and a high-ikigai across levels of TWFCs (low, moderate, and high), and the PROCESS macro of Hayes to test the mediation effect. RESULTS The prevalence of high TWFCs, depression, and having a high ikigai were 17.9%, 39.4%, and 70.1% in Japanese women, 10.5%, 26.8%, and 70.1% in Japanese men, 23.7%, 58.2%, and 24.7% in Egyptian women, and 19.1%, 38.9%, and 36.9% in Egyptian men, respectively. Compared with participants with low TWFCs, the multivariable ORs of depression in Japanese women and men with high TWFCs were 4.11 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.99-5.65) and 5.42 (95% CI, 4.18-7.02), and those in Egyptian women and men were 4.43 (95% CI, 3.30-5.95) and 4.79 (95% CI, 3.53-6.48), respectively. The respective ORs of having a high-ikigai were 0.46 (95% CI, 0.33-0.64) and 0.40 (95% CI, 0.31-0.52) in Japanese women and men and were 0.34 (95% CI, 0.24-0.48) and 0.28 (95% CI, 0.20-0.39) in Egyptian women and men. No interaction between TWFCs and country was observed for the associations with depression or ikigai. Ikigai mediated (up to 18%) the associations between the TWFCs and depression, especially in Egyptian civil workers. CONCLUSION TWFCs were associated with depression, and having low ikigai mediated these associations in Japanese and Egyptian civil workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Sachiko Baba
- Bioethics and Public Policy, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Yatsuya
- Department of Public Health and Health System, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Yoshihisa Hirakawa
- Department of Public Health and Health System, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University
| | - Eman M Mahfouz
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University
| | - Chiang Chifa
- Department of Public Health and Health System, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University
| | - Ryoto Sakaniwa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
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Arafa A, Eshak ES, Shirai K, Muraki I, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Daytime napping and risk of liver cancer: A large population-based prospective cohort study. Ann Hepatol 2023; 28:100877. [PMID: 36423862 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Liver cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Japan and worldwide. Daytime napping is a common behavior, especially among older adults, that was related in previous research to unfavorable health conditions. Herein, we investigated the association between daytime napping and liver cancer risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective cohort study, data from 51,185 participants aged 40-79 years and registered in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study) were analyzed. Incident cases of liver cancer were diagnosed using cancer registries, hospital records, and death certificates. Daytime napping was assessed using the JACC baseline self-administered questionnaire. We used the Cox regression to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident liver cancer among participants in the age categories of the 40s, 50s, 60s, and 70s who reported daytime napping compared with their counterparts who did not. RESULTS Within 669,734 person-years of follow-up, 341 participants developed liver cancer. Daytime napping was associated with a higher risk of liver cancer among participants who were in their 60s and 70s of age after adjusting for sex: HRs (95% CIs) 1.88 (1.35-2.61) and 1.96 (1.18-3.26), lifestyle and medical history: 1.76 (1.27-2.47) and 1.82 (1.07-3.09), and history of liver diseases: 1.66 (1.18-2.34) and 1.72 (1.01-2.94), respectively. No associations were detected among participants from the 40s and 50s age groups. CONCLUSIONS Daytime napping was associated with a higher risk of liver cancer among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt; Advanced Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan; Public Health, School of Health, Calvin University, Michigan, USA
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Isao Muraki
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
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Xiao X, Yu X, Zhu H, Zhai X, Li S, Ma W, Ouyang M, Liu K, Eshak ES, Cao J. Arm Circumference, Arm-to-Waist Ratio in Relation to Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040961. [PMID: 36839318 PMCID: PMC9959583 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Among patients with diabetes mellitus, limited studies have investigated the relationship between anthropometric parameters and cardiovascular disease (CVD), with all-cause mortality. We examined the associations of arm circumference (AC), arm-to-waist ratio (AC/WC), and CVD, with all-cause mortality among patients with diabetes. This is a cohort study of 5497 diabetic individuals aged 20 or over who were recruited in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2014. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the associations between AC, AC/WC, and CVD, with all-cause mortality. We also conducted stratified analyses and explored the possible non-linear relation by restricted cubic splines. During a median follow-up of 7.2 years, there were 271 and 1093 cases of CVD and all-cause death. The multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (Cis) of CVD mortality in Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups compared with Q1 group were 0.37 (0.22, 0.62), 0.24 (0.12, 0.48), 0.18 (0.07, 0.46) for AC, and 0.18 (0.07, 0.46), 0.34 (0.20, 0.60), 0.28 (0.15, 0.53) for AC/WC. Similar results were observed in the analysis for all-cause mortality risk. AC and AC/WC were both inversely associated with CVD and all-cause mortality among individuals with diabetes. It is important to pay attention to these anthropometric parameters of diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Xiao
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xinyi Yu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Huiping Zhu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhai
- Center for Artificial Intelligence Driven Drug Discovery, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau SAR, China
| | - Shiyang Li
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wenzhi Ma
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Meishou Ouyang
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ehab S. Eshak
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61511, Egypt
- Advanced Clinical Epidemiology, Medical data Science Unit, Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Osaka University, Suita-shi 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
- Public Health, School of Health, Calvin University, Grand Rapids, MI 49546, USA
| | - Jinhong Cao
- School of Management, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
- Research Center for the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Province Project of Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences at Universities, Wuhan 430065, China
- Correspondence:
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Zhang Y, Zhai X, Liu K, Ma W, Li S, Zeng J, Yang M, Zhou F, Xiang B, Cao J, Eshak ES. Association of Beta-2 Microglobulin with Stroke and All-Cause Mortality in Adults Aged ≥40 in U.S.: NHANES III. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023. [DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2402043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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Kato A, Okada C, Eshak ES, Iso H, Tamakoshi A. Association between dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of colorectal cancer in the Japanese population: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. Cancer Med 2023; 12:4690-4700. [PMID: 35946494 PMCID: PMC9972092 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies of the dietary intake of specific n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and anatomical subsite-specific colorectal cancer (CRC) are limited. We examined the prospective associations of total n-3 PUFA, marine-derived n-3 PUFA [combined eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)], and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) as plant-derived n-3 PUFA with the risk of CRC by subsite in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. METHODS The participants completed a self-administered food frequency questionnaire and had no prior history of CRC. Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the associations between n-3 PUFAs intake and CRC risk overall and by anatomical subsite. RESULTS During the median 13.8-year follow-up period, 699 of the 42,536 participants aged 40-79 years developed incident CRC. An inverse association was found between dietary ALA intake and the risk of distal colon cancer; the multivariable hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the highest quartiles (Q4) were 0.41 (0.21-0.81; p trend = 0.01) compared with the lowest quartiles (Q1). Marine n-3 PUFA intake was not associated with CRC risk in the overall or anatomical subsite-specific analyses. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that higher ALA intake may be beneficial for lowering the risk of distal colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Kato
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chika Okada
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Huang N, Wang F, Li S, Zhai X, Ma W, Liu K, Sheerah HA, Cao J, Eshak ES. Associations of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid intakes with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes: Result from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2008. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1031168. [PMID: 36698925 PMCID: PMC9868810 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1031168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The evidence on eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake status and long-term mortality among people with diabetes is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between EPA and DHA intakes with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in adults with diabetes. Methods This study included 2,991 adults with diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2008. Death outcomes were ascertained by linkage to the database records through 31 December 2015. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients with diabetes. Results Among 2,991 patients with diabetes, the mean age was 61.9 years (55.2% males). During the mean follow-up duration of 9.4 years, a total of 1,091 deaths were documented, of which 273 were due to CVD, including 227 CHD deaths. EPA and DHA intakes were associated with lower mortality risks, especially that of CVD. After adjusting for demographic, major lifestyle factors, overall dietary intake patterns, and history of hypertension and dyslipidemia, the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) of mortality risk comparing Q4 to Q1 of EPA intake were 0.55 (0.33-0.92; P-trend = 0.019) for CHD, 0.55 (0.36-0.83; P-trend = 0.005) for CVD, and 0.91 (0.70-1.18; P-trend = 0.264) for all-cause. The respective HRs (95% CIs) comparing Q4 to Q1 of DHA were 0.60 (0.37-0.98; P-trend = 0.051) for CHD, 0.58 (0.38-0.89; P-trend = 0.014) for CVD, and 0.92 (0.72-1.18; P-trend = 0.481) for all-cause. In subgroup analysis, we found that the association trends of EPA and DHA intakes with death risk remained robust among patients with diabetes, especially among those who are old, female, those with higher BMI, and dyslipidemia patients with CVD and CHD. Discussion In the USA, higher EPA and DHA intakes were associated with a lower risk of CHD and CVD mortality in patients with diabetes. Our study supports the benefits of adequate EPA and DHA intakes in promoting the health of patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Huang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China,Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyang Li
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobing Zhai
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Center for Artificial Intelligence Driven Drug Discovery, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao, Macau SAR, China
| | - Wenzhi Ma
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haytham A. Sheerah
- Health Promotion and Health Education Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Health Promotion Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jinhong Cao
- School of Management, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,Research Center for the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei Province Project of Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences at Universities, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Jinhong Cao,
| | - Ehab S. Eshak
- Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minya, Egypt,Advanced Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Data Science Unit, Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan,Public Health, School of Health, Calvin University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
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11
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Sari GN, Baba S, Eshak ES, Iso H. Short sleep duration at night in 2.5-year-old children is associated with childhood obesity at age 5.5 years: The Japanese children cohort study. Obes Res Clin Pract 2022; 16:457-463. [PMID: 36273990 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity in children contributes to higher risks of various chronic diseases in adulthood and the prevalence has increased worldwide including Japan. OBJECTIVES This study aims to examine the association between sleep duration at night in children aged 2.5 years and the subsequent risk of obesity at age 5.5 years. METHODS This study is embedded in the Longitudinal Survey on Babies Born in the 21st Century, which recruited families who had a child born in Japan in 2001. The multivariable logistic regression models were applied to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) of childhood obesity at 5.5 years, defined as percentage of overweight (POW) ≥ 20 % and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 95th percentile of this study population according to sleep duration at night collected at 2.5 years child age. RESULTS Among 25,378 children, 2.6 % and 3.7 % were obese at age 5.5 years defined by POW and BMI respectively. Compared with night sleep duration > 11 h/d, shorter sleep durations in 2.5 years-old children were associated with higher risk of obesity at 5.5 years; the multivariable ORs (95 %CI) were 1.05 (0.81-1.35), 1.23 (0.93-1.62) and 1.54 (1.04-2.31) for sleep duration 10, 9 and ≤ 8 h/d, respectively; p-trend = 0.03. The observed association differed according to the children (child's sex, napping habits, and children frequently play at park), and family characteristics (mother's age at delivery and mother's level of education). CONCLUSION Short night sleep duration among girls aged 2.5 years was associated with risk of obesity at age 5.5 years, suggesting the importance of sufficient sleep duration at night for the prevention of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita Nirmala Sari
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Polytechnic of Health Ministry of Health Jakarta III, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Sachiko Baba
- Center for International Relations, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Division of Community Health & Research, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt; Public Health, School of Health, Calvin University, Michigan, USA
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
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12
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Tang J, Liu K, Eshak ES, Cui R, Sakaniwa R, Imano H, Dong JY, Iso H. Association between Serum Uric Acid and Impaired Endothelial Function: The Circulatory Risk in Communities Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2022; 29:1534-1546. [PMID: 34853212 PMCID: PMC9529376 DOI: 10.5551/jat.63199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Higher serum uric acid (UA) may impair endothelial function. However, population-based evidence examining the association between serum UA levels and endothelial function remains to be limited. Thus, in this study, we aimed to investigate this in the general population. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 1000 participants (496 males and 504 females), aged 30-79 years, free from a history of gout, have undergone both serum UA and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) measurements. Participants were divided into four groups based on serum UA quartiles. Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for low FMD according to the serum UA levels. RESULTS In total, 203 participants (138 males and 65 females) with %FMD ≤ 5.0% were identified to have endothelial dysfunction. The multivariable OR of low FMD for highest quartiles vs. lowest quartiles was 2.39 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32-4.34), while OR per 1-standard deviation (SD) increment was 1.28 (95% CI: 1.04-1.56). The positive association was noted to be more evident in females (OR per 1-SD increment: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.08-1.96) than in males and confined to individuals not using antihypertensive medications. The ORs per 1-SD increment were 1.01 (95% CI: 0.68-1.50) among individuals using antihypertensive medications and 1.43 (95% CI: 1.12-1.81) among individuals not using antihypertensive medications. CONCLUSION Higher serum UA was positively associated with the prevalence of endothelial dysfunction in samples of the general Japanese population and that positive association was confined to individuals not using antihypertensive medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Tang
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan,Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Renzhe Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Okanami General Hospital, Mie, Japan
| | - Ryoto Sakaniwa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hironori Imano
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jia-Yi Dong
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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13
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Eshak ES, Okada C, Kimura T, Baba S, Ikehara S, Iso H, For The Jecs Group. Low Periconceptional Dietary Intakes among Japanese Women: The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS). J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2022; 68:260-269. [PMID: 36047097 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.68.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy is usually associated with dietary imbalances. We aim to assess the changes in Japanese women's diet and nutritional adequacy before and during pregnancy. In the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), we recruited a large cohort of pregnant women (>100,000) from 15 Japanese communities. We assessed their diet before and during pregnancy by a food frequency questionnaire. The before and during pregnancy intakes of energy, macronutrients, and micronutrients were lower than the recommended level for Japanese women by 1% to 49%. The dietary intakes of pregnant women were lower than their intakes before pregnancy, except for milk, dairy products, and calcium. The daily during pregnancy intake of energy, carbohydrate, fat, protein, folic acid, and iron decreased by 85 kcal, 11.6 g, 2.3 g, 2.8 g, 20 μg, and 0.5 mg than the before pregnancy intake. Pregnant women's declined food and nutrients intakes were moderately correlated to their dietary intakes before pregnancy; the correlation coefficient ranged between 0.47 and 0.67. The inter-individual variability was greater than the intra-individual variability of the dietary intakes. Almost half of the pregnant women remained in the same intake quartile for all nutrients and food groups as before pregnancy. Yet, approximately 10% of pregnant women changed their pregnancy intake by ≥50% (≥2 quartiles up or down) compared to before pregnancy. In conclusion, the study identified low periconceptional dietary intakes among Japanese pregnant women. The low dietary intake of essential nutrients, such as folate, requires revising the Japanese national periconceptional dietary and supplementation guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab S Eshak
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University.,Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Chika Okada
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Takashi Kimura
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University School of Medicine
| | - Sachiko Baba
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine.,Biomedical Ethics and Public Policy, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Satoyo Ikehara
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine.,Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba
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14
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Abstract
We explored the association between dietary manganese intake and the risk of liver cancer in 14,517 men and 21,583 women who participated in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Cancer Risk Assessment. We assessed dietary manganese intake using a food frequency questionnaire and incident liver cancer by reviewing cancer registries. According to manganese intake, we estimated the liver cancer risk by Cox regression analyses. During the 513,657 person-year follow-ups within a median of 17.9 years of 36,100 participants, there were 239 incident cases of liver cancer. The multivariable hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]; P-trend) for liver cancer risk in the highest vs. the lowest quintiles of dietary manganese intake was 0.56 (0.32-0.99; 0.04) in men and 1.16 (0.56-2.40; 0.79) in women; P-interaction = 0.06. The history of liver disease modified the observed association in men (P-interaction = 0.02), in which the multivariable HR (95%CI) of liver cancer risk comparing the highest vs. lowest quintiles of dietary manganese intake was 0.32 (0.14-0.74) in Japanese men without a history of liver disease, while it was 1.54 (0.62-3.79) in men with a history of liver disease. In conclusion, a higher dietary manganese intake was associated with a lower risk of liver cancer in men without a history of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Kasai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.,Advanced Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Data Science, Public Health, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Medicine, Kita, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Institute of Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Yang Y, Yamagishi K, Kihara T, Cui R, Eshak ES, Muraki I, Shirai K, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Smoking Cessation and Mortality from Aortic Dissection and Aneurysm: Findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2022; 30:348-363. [PMID: 35718450 PMCID: PMC10067343 DOI: 10.5551/jat.63258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Active cigarette smoking was intensively reported to increase the risk of aortic mortality while research on the association between smoking cessation and aortic mortality remains scarce. This study aimed to reconfirm the associations of exposure to cigarettes and smoking cessation associated with aortic mortality in a large Japanese population. METHODS In the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study, 91,141 residents (57±10 years; men, 43%) who were free of stroke, coronary heart disease, and cancer were followed up from 1989-90 until 2009 during which 110 deaths from aortic dissection and 112 deaths from aneurysm were identified. Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate multivariable hazard ratios (95%CI) for total and specific aortic mortality. RESULTS Compared to never smoking, HRs for total aortic mortality were 2.39 (1.40-4.08) for <20, 3.57 (2.19-5.83)for 20-39, and 3.92 (2.37-6.48) for ≥ 40 pack-years exposure. Compared to current smoking, HRs for total aortic mortality were 0.42 (0.18-0.97) for 10-15 years, 0.27 (0.11-0.66) for >15 years of cessation, and 0.24 (0.13-0.44) for never smoking. Similar inverse dose-response pattern was observed between smoking cessation duration and risk of mortality from aortic aneurysm (p for trend=0.001), but the association with aortic dissection mortality did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoking was associated with an increased risk of aortic mortality while smoking cessation was so with a reduced risk among the Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Yang
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba
| | - Tomomi Kihara
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba
| | - Renzhe Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Okanami General Hospital
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University.,Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University
| | - Isao Muraki
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
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16
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Abdelrehim MG, Eshak ES, Kamal NN. The mediating role of work-family conflicts in the association between work ability and depression among Egyptian civil workers. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022:6601992. [PMID: 35660929 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdac061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work ability and work-family conflicts (total-WFCs) were associated with the risk of depression among the working population. METHODS We recruited 3104 Egyptian civil workers between October 2019 and January 2020. The Work Ability Index (WAI), Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression (CES-D) and Midlife Development in the United States questionnaires were used to collect the data. Following Baron and Kenny criteria, the mediation effect of total-WFCs on the association between WAI and CES-D scores was tested by multivariable linear regression models. RESULTS Findings revealed a high prevalence of depressive symptoms (CES-D score ≥ 16) among Egyptian civil servants (43.4%). There were negative relationships between WAI score and both CES-D score (B = -0.70, P < 0.001) and total-WFCs score (B = -0.22, P < 0.001). Moreover, WAI score was still significantly associated with CES-D score after controlling for total-WFCs score (B = -0.40, P < 0.001) that suggests partial mediation. We estimated that ~44%, 38% and 20% of the total effect of work ability on the risk of depressive symptoms were mediated by total-WFCs, family-to-work conflict and work-to-family conflict, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Interventions aiming for mitigation total-WFCs can help improve employees' mental health and reduce the risk of impaired work ability-related depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Abdelrehim
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - E S Eshak
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt.,Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - N N Kamal
- Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt.,Medical Biotechnology Department, Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo 12573, Egypt
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17
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Yan F, Eshak ES, Shirai K, Dong JY, Muraki I, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Soy Intake and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Among Japanese Men and Women: JACC Study. Front Nutr 2022; 8:813742. [PMID: 35083266 PMCID: PMC8784605 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.813742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The evidence on the protective effects of soy foods against type 2 diabetes has been inconsistent. We thought to examine the association between the dietary intakes of soy and the risk of diabetes in a prospective study encompassing 21,925 healthy Japanese men and women aged 40–79 years. A validated self-administered food frequency questionnaire determined the intakes of soy, and their associations with risk of type 2 diabetes were evaluated by the logistic regression analysis. During the 5-year follow-up period, we observed 593 new cases of type 2 diabetes (302 in men and 291 in women). There was no association between dietary intakes of soy foods and the risk of type 2 diabetes among men. Whereas among women, higher tofu intake was inversely associated with risk of type 2 diabetes; the multivariable odds ratios (ORs) of type 2 diabetes were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.69–1.21) for 3–4 times per week and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.49–0.94) for almost daily (p-trend = 0.03) in reference to those consuming tofu less than 3 times per week. Intakes of boiled beans and miso soup were not associated with the risk in both genders. The inverse association tended to be more evident among overweight women and postmenopaused women. In conclusion, the frequency of tofu intake was inversely associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Yan
- Department of Social Medicine, Public Health, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.,Advanced Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Data Science, Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Department of Social Medicine, Public Health, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jia-Yi Dong
- Department of Social Medicine, Public Health, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Isao Muraki
- Department of Social Medicine, Public Health, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Department of Social Medicine, Public Health, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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18
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Eshak ES, Noda H, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Walking time, sports activity, job type, and body posture during work in relation to incident colorectal cancer: the JACC prospective cohort study. Cancer Causes Control 2022; 33:473-481. [PMID: 35048204 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-021-01542-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE An inverse association between physical activity and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been suggested. We aimed to assess the specific and combined effects of leisure-time and occupational physical activities on CRC risk among Japanese adults. METHODS Using Cox proportional hazard models, we tested whether walking time, sports activity, body posture during work, and job type-or the combination of these variables-were associated with CRC incidence in a prospective cohort of 26,897 Japanese adults aged 40-79 years. RESULTS During a median 17-year follow-up (1990-2009) period, we ascertained 423 incident cases of CRC (267 colon and 156 rectum cancer). Time spent walking suggested a dose-response inverse relationship with CRC risk (p-trend = 0.051). Manual labor was associated with lower CRC risk when compared to office work with HRs (95% CIs) of 0.74 (0.56-0.97) for CRC and 0.68 (0.48-0.96) for colon cancer. Compared to sitting, moving during work tended to be inversely associated with rectal cancer risk, especially after censoring early incident cases within 3 years after baseline; HR (95% CI) = 0.63 (0.40-0.99). Combining walking and job type suggested mutual and synergistic benefits on the risk of colon cancer (p-interaction = 0.03). Compared to office workers walking < 1 h/day, the HR (95% CI) of colon cancer was 0.48 (0.23-0.98), 0.61 (0.42-0.89), and 0.59 (0.41-0.87) in office workers walking ≥ 1 h/day, non-office workers walking < 1 h/day, and non-office workers walking ≥ 1 h/day, respectively. CONCLUSION The time spent walking, job type, and posture during work were independently associated with the reduced incident CRC risk among Japanese men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab S Eshak
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Main Road, Shalaby land, Minia, 61519, Egypt. .,Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Noda
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-15 Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
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19
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Meishuo O, Eshak ES, Muraki I, Cui R, Shirai K, Iso H, Tamakoshi A. Association between Dietary Manganese Intake and Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in Japanese Population: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2022; 29:1432-1447. [PMID: 35082202 PMCID: PMC9529386 DOI: 10.5551/jat.63195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ouyang Meishuo
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Ehab S. Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Isao Muraki
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Renzhe Cui
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University
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20
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Arafa A, Eshak ES, Shirai K, Muraki I, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Dairy intake and the risk of esophageal cancer: the JACC Study. J Epidemiol 2022; 32:298-300. [PMID: 35315367 PMCID: PMC9086308 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20220037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ehab S. Eshak
- Advanced Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Data Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Isao Muraki
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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21
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Gao Q, Eshak ES, Muraki I, Shirai K, Yamagishi K, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. The apparent inverse association between dietary carotene intake and risk of cardiovascular mortality disappeared after adjustment for other cardioprotective dietary intakes: The Japan collaborative cohort study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:3064-3075. [PMID: 34629253 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE An effect of dietary carotenes on risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is uncertain. We aimed to investigate whether the association between dietary carotenes intake and risk of CVD mortality will persist after controlling for the intakes of potential cardioprotective dietary factors that correlate with dietary alpha- and/or beta-carotenes. METHODS AND RESULTS We followed up a total of 58,646 Japanese between 1988 and 1990 and 2009. We used a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to determine the dietary intakes of carotenes, and estimated the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CVD mortality in relation to carotene intake by the proportional hazard regression developed by David Cox. During 965,970 person-years of follow-up (median 19.3 years), we identified 3388 total CVD deaths. After adjusting for demographic and lifestyle factors, dietary intakes of alpha-carotene were significantly associated with the reduced risk of mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD); adjusted HR (95% CI) in the highest versus lowest quintiles of intake was 0.75 (0.58-0.96; P-trend = 0.02) and dietary intakes of beta-carotene were significantly associated with the reduced risk of mortality from CVD, CHD, and other CVD; adjusted HRs (95% CIs) were 0.88 (0.79-0.98; P-trend = 0.04), 0.78 (0.61-0.99; P-trend = 0.01), and 0.81 (0.67-0.98; P-trend = 0.04), respectively. However, after further adjusting for the dietary intakes of potassium, calcium, vitamins C, E, or K, these associations disappeared. CONCLUSIONS -Dietary alpha- and beta-carotene intakes were not associated with risk of CVD mortality after controlling for intakes of other potential cardioprotective nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Gao
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita Shi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita Shi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Shalaby land, Minia, 61511, Egypt
| | - Isao Muraki
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita Shi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita Shi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita Shi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
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22
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Cao J, Eshak ES, Liu K, Arafa A, Sheerah HA, Yu C. Age-period-cohort analysis of stroke mortality attributable to high systolic blood pressure in China and Japan. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19083. [PMID: 34580315 PMCID: PMC8476589 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98072-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a principal cause of mortality in China and Japan. High systolic blood pressure (SBP) was considered a chief risk factor for stroke mortality. Herein, we evaluated temporal trends of high SBP-attributable stroke mortality in China and Japan between 1990 and 2017. Data on stroke mortality were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD 2017). Using the age-period-cohort method, we computed overall net drifts, local drifts, longitudinal age curves, and cohort/period rate ratios (RRs) for high SBP-attributable stroke mortality. The age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) displayed decreasing trends for high SBP-attributable stroke mortality. The annual net drift values were - 1.4% and - 3.5% in Chinese men and women versus - 3.1% and - 4.9% in Japanese men and women. The local drift values in both countries were < 0 among all age groups but were lower in women than in men. The longitudinal age curves showed a greater high SBP-attributable stroke mortality in men than in women across all age groups. Similar decreasing patterns were shown in the period and cohort RRs in both sexes with women having a quicker decline than men. In China and Japan, the ASMRs, as well as the period and cohort RRs of high SBP-attributable stroke mortality, decreased between 1990 and 2017 in both sexes and across all age groups. Yet, the prevalence of high SBP remained worrisome in both countries. Thus, SBP control should be encouraged to prevent stroke mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 Donghu Rd, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Department of Public Health, Community and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keyang Liu
- Department of Public Health, Community and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ahmed Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Haytham A Sheerah
- Department of Public Health, Community and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Chuanhua Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, 185 Donghu Rd, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
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23
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Tang J, Dong JY, Eshak ES, Cui R, Shirai K, Liu K, Sakaniwa R, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Supper Timing and Cardiovascular Mortality: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103389. [PMID: 34684390 PMCID: PMC8541292 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence on the role of supper timing in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is limited. In this study, we examined the associations between supper timing and risks of mortality from stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), and total CVD. A total of 28,625 males and 43,213 females, aged 40 to 79 years, free from CVD and cancers at baseline were involved in this study. Participants were divided into three groups: the early supper group (before 8:00 p.m.), the irregular supper group (time irregular), and the late supper group (after 8:00 p.m.). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for stroke, CHD, and total CVD according to the supper time groups. During the 19-year follow-up, we identified 4706 deaths from total CVD. Compared with the early supper group, the multivariable HR of hemorrhagic stroke mortality for the irregular supper group was 1.44 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.97). There was no significant association between supper timing and the risk of mortality from other types of stroke, CHD, and CVD. We found that adopting an irregular supper timing compared with having dinner before 8:00 p.m. was associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Tang
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi 565-0871, Japan; (J.T.); (E.S.E.); (K.S.); (K.L.); (R.S.)
| | - Jia-Yi Dong
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi 565-0871, Japan; (J.T.); (E.S.E.); (K.S.); (K.L.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: (J.-Y.D.); (H.I.); Tel.: +81-6-6879-3911 (J.-Y.D. & H.I.); Fax: +81-6-6879-3919 (J.-Y.D. & H.I.)
| | - Ehab S. Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi 565-0871, Japan; (J.T.); (E.S.E.); (K.S.); (K.L.); (R.S.)
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Renzhe Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Okanami General Hospital, 1734 Uenokuwachi, Iga-shi 518-0842, Japan;
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi 565-0871, Japan; (J.T.); (E.S.E.); (K.S.); (K.L.); (R.S.)
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi 565-0871, Japan; (J.T.); (E.S.E.); (K.S.); (K.L.); (R.S.)
| | - Ryoto Sakaniwa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi 565-0871, Japan; (J.T.); (E.S.E.); (K.S.); (K.L.); (R.S.)
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15 Jo Nishi 7 Chome, Sapporo-shi 060-8638, Japan;
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi 565-0871, Japan; (J.T.); (E.S.E.); (K.S.); (K.L.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: (J.-Y.D.); (H.I.); Tel.: +81-6-6879-3911 (J.-Y.D. & H.I.); Fax: +81-6-6879-3919 (J.-Y.D. & H.I.)
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24
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Baba S, Ikehara S, Eshak ES, Ueda K, Kimura T, Iso H. Association between mode of delivery and postpartum depression: The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS): a prospective cohort study. J Epidemiol 2021; 33:209-216. [PMID: 34334503 PMCID: PMC10043157 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20210117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postpartum depression (PPD) has been associated with adverse health outcomes including maternal suicide. Mode of delivery has been suggested to be a risk factor for PPD, but no large cohort study has examined the association between mode of delivery and PPD. We aimed to examine the association between mode of delivery and risks of PPD at 1 and 6 months after childbirth. METHODS In a nationwide study of 89,954 mothers with a live singleton birth, we examined the association between mode of delivery and risks of PPD. PPD was measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (≥13) at 1 and 6 months after childbirth. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of PPD were calculated using multivariable logistic regression analyses after adjustment of antenatal physical, socioeconomic, and mental factors. RESULTS Among 89,954 women, 3.7% and 2.8% had PPD at 1 and 6 months after childbirth, respectively. Compared with unassisted vaginal delivery, cesarean section (CS) was marginally associated with PPD at 1 month, but not at 6 months; adjusted ORs were 1.10 (95% CI, 1.00-1.21) and 1.01 (95% CI, 0.90-1.13), respectively. The association with PPD at 1 month was evident in women with antenatal psychological distress: adjusted OR was 1.15 (95% CI, 1.03-1.28). The observed associations were attenuated after adjusting for infant feeding method. CONCLUSIONS Women who had antenatal psychological distress and underwent CS delivery may be regarded as a target for monitoring PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Baba
- Bioethics and Public Policy, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Satoyo Ikehara
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine.,Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University
| | | | - Tadashi Kimura
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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25
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Zhai X, Zeng J, Eshak ES, Zhang Y, Yang M, Di L, Xiang B, Cao J. The Influencing Factors of Sleep Quality Among Chinese Junior and Senior High School Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Trop Pediatr 2021; 67:6332028. [PMID: 34329443 PMCID: PMC8385850 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmab069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, its terrible infectiousness has caused great panic, anxiety and poor sleep quality to the vulnerable adolescent populations. METHODS This cross-sectional online survey recruited 10 569 Chinese junior and senior high school adolescents during 31 January to 9 February 2020. Basic socio-demographic information, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Fear of negative evaluation (FNE) were included in the survey. The χ2 and logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors correlated with poor sleep quality. RESULTS The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 18.6% in the Chinese adolescent population. The average score of PSQI was 3.39 (SD = 2.64), which was significantly correlated with scores for anxiety (r = 0.50, p < 0.01), and FNE (r = 0.36, p < 0.01). Adjusted logistic regression indicated that gender (females) and education (senior high school) were associated with poor sleep quality, while living in Hubei Province and time spent on the COVID-19 information were inversely associated with poor sleep quality. Having a family member or friend infected/suspected and spending time on electronics were associated with higher odds of having poor sleep quality. Adolescents with anxiety were 8 times, and those with FNE were three times more likely than ones without anxiety or FNE to have poor sleep quality. In addition, the number of meals, exercise time and diet quality were also significantly associated with sleep quality. (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Poor sleep quality was common during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chinese adolescents. Understanding several factors associated with the poor sleep quality will offer some important insights into determining potential interventions to improve sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Zhai
- Child and Adolescent Health, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Child and Adolescent Health, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Main road Shalabyland, 61519, Minia, Egypt,Advanced Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Data Science Unit, Public Health Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, 565-0871 Osaka, Japan
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Child and Adolescent Health, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Child and Adolescent Health, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lihua Di
- Child and Adolescent Health, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Xiang
- Child and Adolescent Health, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Research Center for Health Promotion in Women, Youth and Children, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Correspondence: Bing Xiang, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No. 2, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China. Fax: +86 27 68893661. E-mail ; Jinhong Cao, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, No. 185 Donghu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China. Tel: +86 27 68759299. Fax: +86 27 68759299. E-mail
| | - Jinhong Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China,Correspondence: Bing Xiang, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No. 2, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, China. Fax: +86 27 68893661. E-mail ; Jinhong Cao, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, No. 185 Donghu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China. Tel: +86 27 68759299. Fax: +86 27 68759299. E-mail
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26
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Arafa A, Eshak ES, Shirai K, Cadar D, Iso H, Tsuji T, Kanamori S, Kondo K. Impact of various intensities and frequencies of non-occupational physical activity on the risk of dementia among physically independent older adults: the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. Public Health 2021; 196:204-210. [PMID: 34274694 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association between different intensities and frequencies of non-occupational physical activity (PA) and the risk of dementia among Japanese older adults. STUDY DESIGN This was a prospective cohort study. METHODS A total of 2194 participants aged ≥65 years from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study were followed up between 2010 and 2016. The standardised dementia scale of the long-term care insurance system was used to identify incident dementia, whereas non-occupational PA (<2 or ≥2 times/week on each intensity: light, moderate and vigorous) was assessed using a questionnaire. Cox regression was used to compute the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident dementia. RESULTS After adjustment for sociodemographic and medical characteristics, the following frequencies and intensities of non-occupational PA, compared with no non-occupational PA at all, were associated with a reduced risk of dementia: light PA ≥2 times/week (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.38-0.97), moderate PA <2 times/week (HR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.28-0.76), moderate PA ≥2 times/week (HR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.36-0.91), vigorous PA <2 times/week (HR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.21-0.74) and vigorous PA ≥2 times/week (HR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.15-0.57). In the sex-specific analysis, moderate PA <2 times/week and vigorous PA ≥2 times/week were associated with a reduced risk of dementia in men, whereas light and moderate PA ≥2 times/week and all frequencies of vigorous PA were associated with a reduced risk of dementia in women. CONCLUSIONS Practicing non-occupational PA was associated with a reduced risk of dementia among Japanese older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - E S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - K Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - D Cadar
- Department of Behavioral Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - H Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - T Tsuji
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Kanamori
- Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
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Wang X, Arafa A, Liu K, Eshak ES, Hu Y, Dong JY. Combined healthy lifestyle and depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis of observational studies. J Affect Disord 2021; 289:144-150. [PMID: 33979724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To systematically summarize the association between combined lifestyle (at least three factors, including but not limited to smoking, drinking, physical activity, body mass index, diet) and depressive symptoms by a meta-analysis in general populations. METHODS Multiple electronic databases were searched for observational studies investigating combined lifestyle factors and depressive symptoms published before September 2020. Pooled risk estimates were calculated using random-effects models. Publication bias was conducted using the Egger's and Begg's tests. RESULTS A total of 12 studies with 185,899 participants were included. The pooled OR of depressive symptoms in meta-analysis of 7 cross-sectional studies was 0.53 (0.39, 0.72), I2 = 83.6%, P for heterogeneity <0.001 and the pooled RR was 0.33 (0.12, 0.89), I2 = 95.3%, P for heterogeneity <0.001 in meta-analysis of 5 cohort studies for people with the highest versus lowest score of heathy lifestyles. In sensitivity analyses, the heterogeneity was significantly reduced in cross-sectional studies (pooled OR = 0.74 [0.65, 0.85], I2 = 21.7%, P for heterogeneity = 0.27) and cohort studies (pooled RR = 0.53 [0.38, 0.74], I2 = 15.2%, P for heterogeneity = 0.32). The publication bias corrected by "trim-and-fill" analysis yielded unchanged results. LIMITATIONS Limitations included residual confounding in original studies, heterogeneity between studies, and potential publication bias in the analysis of cross-sectional studies. CONCLUSION The healthy lifestyle was associated with a reduced risk of depressive symptoms. Adherence to overall healthy lifestyles is essential for the primary prevention of depression in general populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ahmed Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minya, Egypt
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Medical Informatics Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Yi Dong
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan.
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28
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Li Y, Cui R, Liu K, Eshak ES, Cui M, Dong J, Imano H, Muraki I, Kiyama M, Kitamura A, Okada T, Yamagishi K, Umesawa M, Ohira T, Iso H. Relationship between Endothelial Dysfunction and Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease: The Circulatory Risk in Communities Study (CIRCS). J Atheroscler Thromb 2021; 28:622-629. [PMID: 32879150 PMCID: PMC8219532 DOI: 10.5551/jat.56424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a higher burden of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than the general population. Endothelial dysfunction has been suggested to play a role in both glomerular filtration rate loss and cardiovascular damage. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and the prevalence of CKD in the general Japanese population. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1042 men and women aged 30-81 years in two communities under the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study between 2013 and 2017. Endothelial function was evaluated by percent change of brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (%FMD) before and after the cuff inflation. RESULTS Among the total 1042 participants, there were 62 cases of CKD (~6%). The multivariable odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) of CKD according to quartiles of %FMD were 2.02 (0.68-5.99), 3.56 (1.27-9.94), and 3.14 (1.10-8.93) for the third to lowest quartile compared with the highest %FMD quartile; p for trend=0.02. The respective multivariable ORs (95% CIs) of CKD in subjects without antihypertensive medication use (39 cases among 886 subjects) were 1.83 (0.46-7.33), 3.41 (0.92-12.61), and 4.60 (1.22-17.31); p for trend=0.01, and that for one-point decrement in %FMD was 1.16 (1.00-1.35); p for interaction with the status of antihypertensive medication use was 0.12. CONCLUSIONS Our cross-sectional study suggested the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and the higher prevalence of CKD in the general Japanese population.
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Arafa A, Lee HH, Eshak ES, Shirai K, Liu K, Li J, Anni NS, Shim SY, Kim HC, Iso H. Modifiable Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Korea and Japan. Korean Circ J 2021; 51:643-655. [PMID: 34227266 PMCID: PMC8326218 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2021.0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and a major contributor to disability worldwide. Since the majority of cardiovascular events are preventable, identification of modifiable CVD risk factors and implementation of primordial prevention strategies should be a public health priority. In this aspect, the American Heart Association declared a strategic goal to reduce total CVD mortality in the US by 20% within 10 years via eliminating 7 major CVD risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, cigarette smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, and poor-quality diet) in 2010, and their strategy has been achieving. However, the applicability of similar metrics to prevent CVD among East Asians requires an in-depth investigation of the modifiable CVD risk factors based on national and regional evidence-based findings. Herein, this review article aims to discuss several modifiable risk factors for CVDs, using epidemiological evidence from cohort studies and nationally representative data of 2 East Asian countries: Korea and Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Hyeok Hee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minya, Egypt
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | | | - Sun Young Shim
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
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Arafa A, Wang X, Dong JY, Eshak ES. Does multiple sclerosis increase the risk of preeclampsia? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Hypertens Pregnancy 2021; 40:180-185. [PMID: 33999737 DOI: 10.1080/10641955.2021.1921792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: We investigated, via systematic review and meta-analysis, whether multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with the risk of preeclampsia (PE).Methods: From the eligible studies, we pooled odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) of PE for pregnant women with MS compared with pregnant women without it using the fixed-effects model. The I2 measured heterogeneity between studies.Results: Eight eligible studies (9 cohorts) were included. Pregnant women with MS had no excess risk of PE compared with pregnant women without MS (pooled OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.89, 1.09; I2 = 0.00%).Conclusion: MS is not associated with PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Xiaowen Wang
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jia-Yi Dong
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minya, Egypt
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Mubarik S, Liu X, Eshak ES, Liu K, Liu Q, Wang F, Shi F, Wen H, Bai J, Yu C, Cao J. The Association of Hypertension With the Severity of and Mortality From the COVID-19 in the Early Stage of the Epidemic in Wuhan, China: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:623608. [PMID: 34055822 PMCID: PMC8149896 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.623608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hypertension may affect the prognosis of COVID-19 illness. We analyzed the epidemiological and clinical characteristics associated with the disease severity and mortality in hypertensive vs. non-hypertensive deceased COVID-19 patients. Methods: We included all the deceased patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to >200 health facilities in Wuhan between December 1 and February 24, 2020. The median survival time in COVID-19 patients with and without hypertension, the association of hypertension with the disease severity, and the risk factors associated with the COVID-19 mortality stratified by the hypertension status were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, logistic regression, and Cox proportional regression, respectively before and after the propensity score-matching (PS) for age and sex. Results: The prevalence of hypertension in the studied 1,833 COVID-19 patients was 40.5%. Patients with hypertension were more likely to have severe COVID-19 illness than patients without hypertension; the PS-matched multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) was 2.44 (1.77–3.08). Moreover, the median survival time in the hypertension group was 3–5 days shorter than the non-hypertension group. There was a 2-fold increased risk of COVID-19 mortality in the hypertension group compared with the non-hypertension group; the PS-matched multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 2.04 (1.61–2.72), and the significant increased risk of COVID-19 mortality in the moderate vs. mild COVID-19 illness was confined to patients with hypertension. Additionally, the history and the number of underlying chronic diseases, occupation, and residential location showed stronger associations with the COVID-19 mortality among patients with hypertension than patients without hypertension. Conclusion: Hypertension was associated with the severity and mortality of COVID-19 illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Mubarik
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan.,Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita-shi, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoyu Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianjun Bai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuanhua Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinhong Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Wang X, Qin LQ, Arafa A, Eshak ES, Hu Y, Dong JY. Smoking cessation, weight gain, cardiovascular risk, and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis. Nicotine Tob Res 2021; 23:1987-1994. [PMID: 33876246 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntab076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Quitting smoking usually results in weight gain, rising the concern that weight gain after smoking cessation may attenuate the benefits of smoking quitting on cardiovascular health. We aimed to examine the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among smoking quitters compared with smokers, stratified by post-cessation weight change. METHODS We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for eligible studies published before September 2020. Cohort studies examining the relative risk (RR) of CVD among smoking quitters stratified by post-cessation weight change, with smokers being treated as the reference, were included. Two investigators extracted the key characteristics of each included study using a standard electronic form. RESULTS We identified 9 studies for this meta-analysis. Compared with smokers, the pooled RRs (95% confidence interval) of CVD among quitters with weight gain and among those without were 0.74 [0.66, 0.83]) and 0.86 [0.80, 0.92]), with no evidence of heterogeneity between studies being observed. Moreover, the associations appeared to be significantly stronger among quitters with weight gain than those without, particularly in the analysis of coronary heart disease and stroke (pooled RRs = 0.65 [0.59, 0.71] vs. 0.79 [0.71, 0.88] for coronary heart disease and 0.67 [0.62, 0.73] vs. 0.76 [0.72, 0.81] for stroke, respectively; P for interaction < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Smoking cessation was associated with a significantly lower risk of CVD and all-cause mortality, regardless of post-cessation weight gain. A greater risk reduction among quitters with weight gain than those without merits further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Li-Qiang Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ahmed Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minya, Egypt
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Medical Informatics Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Yi Dong
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Arafa A, Eshak ES, Shirai K, Iso H, Kondo K. Engaging in musical activities and the risk of dementia in older adults: A longitudinal study from the Japan gerontological evaluation study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21:451-457. [PMID: 33825305 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Leisure cognitive activities are suggested to reduce the risk of dementia. Herein, we aimed to investigate the prospective association between engaging in different musical activities and the risk of dementia among Japanese older adults. METHODS Longitudinal data of 52 601 participants aged ≥65 years from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study were analyzed. Musical activities in the form of playing a musical instrument, practicing karaoke and choir or folk singing were assessed using a questionnaire, while dementia was diagnosed using the standardized dementia scale of the long-term care insurance system. The Cox regression was used to obtain the hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident dementia according to engagement in musical activities. RESULTS Compared with engaging in no musical activities at all, the hazard ratios engaging in one and more than one musical activity, after 5.8 years of a median follow-up period, were 0.94 (95% CI 0.82-1.07) and 0.59 (95% CI 0.32-1.10) in men versus 0.79 (95% CI 0.69-0.90) and 0.89 (95% CI 0.63-1.26) in women, respectively. Playing a musical instrument and practicing karaoke, compared with no musical activities at all, were associated with a faintly decreased risk of dementia in men and a significantly decreased risk of dementia in women; hazard ratios 0.70 (95% CI 0.45-1.02) and 0.90 (95% CI 0.79, 1.04) in men versus 0.75 (95% CI 0.58-0.98) and 0.77 (95% CI 0.68-0.89) in women, respectively. CONCLUSION Engaging in musical activities, especially playing a musical instrument and practicing karaoke, was associated with a reduced risk of dementia among Japanese older women. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 451-457.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical Sciences, Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Gerontological Evaluation, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
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Wang F, Cao J, Yu Y, Ding J, Eshak ES, Liu K, Mubarik S, Shi F, Wen H, Zeng Z, Bai J, Yu C. Corrigendum to: Epidemiological characteristics of patients with severe COVID-19 infection in Wuhan, China: evidence from a retrospective, observational study. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 50:700. [PMID: 33537778 PMCID: PMC7928827 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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35
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Wang F, Cao J, Yu Y, Ding J, Eshak ES, Liu K, Mubarik S, Shi F, Wen H, Zeng Z, Bai J, Yu C. Epidemiological characteristics of patients with severe COVID-19 infection in Wuhan, China: evidence from a retrospective observational study. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 49:1940-1950. [PMID: 33150437 PMCID: PMC7665537 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The new coronavirus (COVID-19) rapidly resulted in a pandemic. We report the characteristics of patients with severe or critical severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in Wuhan city, China, and the risk factors related to infection severity and death. METHODS We extracted the demographic and clinical data of 7283 patients with severe COVID-19 infection from designated Wuhan hospitals as of 25 February 2020. Factors associated with COVID-19 critical illness and mortality were analysed using logistic- and Cox-regression analyses. RESULTS We studied 6269 patients with severe COVID-19 illness and 1014 critically ill patients. The median (IQR) age was 64 (53-71) years; 51.2% were male, 38.9% were retirees and 7.4% had self-reported histories of chronic disease. Up to the end of the study, 1180 patients (16.2%) recovered and were discharged, 649 (8.9%) died and the remainder were still receiving treatment. The number of daily confirmed critical cases peaked between 23 January and 1 February 2020. Patients with advanced age [odds ratio (OR), 1.03; 95% confidence intervals (CIs), 1.03-1.04], male sex (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.33-1.86) and pre-existing diabetes (OR, 2.11), hypertension (OR, 2.72), cardiovascular disease (OR, 2.15) or respiratory disease (OR, 3.50) were more likely to be critically ill. Compared with those who recovered and were discharged, patients who died were older [hazard ratio (HR), 1.04; 95% CI, 1.03-1.05], more likely to be male (HR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.44-2.11) and more likely to have hypertension (HR, 5.58), cardiovascular disease (HR, 1.83) or diabetes (HR, 1.67). CONCLUSION Advanced age, male sex and a history of chronic disease were associated with COVID-19 critical illness and death. Identifying these risk factors could help in the clinical monitoring of susceptible populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinhong Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Yu
- School of Public Health and Management, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jianbo Ding
- YEBIO Bioengineering Co., Ltd. of Qingdao, Qingdao, China
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Sumaira Mubarik
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoyu Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zixin Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianjun Bai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuanhua Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Global Health Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Arafa A, Eshak ES, Iso H, Shirai K, Muraki I, Sawada N, Tsugane S. Urinary Stones and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke: the Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2020; 27:1208-1215. [PMID: 32507830 PMCID: PMC7803838 DOI: 10.5551/jat.54775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Evidence is lacking about whether urinary stones are associated with the subsequent risk of cardiovascular diseases. Herein, we investigated the association between history of urinary stones and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke among middle-aged Japanese. Methods: This cohort study included 89,037 Japanese men and women (45–74 years) registered in the Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident CHD and stroke among Japanese adults with a self-reported history of urinary stones compared with those without it. The following covariates were included in the regression models: age, sex, area, body mass index, and histories of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking habit, alcohol intake, and physical activity. Results: In total, 1.31% of Japanese adults reported a positive history of urinary stones. Throughout a median follow-up period of 12 years, 1.16% of Japanese adults developed CHD, and 4.96% developed stroke. No associations were detected between history of urinary stones and the risk of CHD (HR 1.04; 95% CI: 0.64–1.67), stroke (HR 0.92; 95% CI: 0.71–1.20), or total CVD (HR 0.95; 95% CI: 0.75–1.19). Younger urinary stone formers (45–59 years) tended to have a higher, though statistically insignificant, risk of CHD than older urinary stone formers (60–74 years): [(HR 1.15; 95% CI: 0.61–2.15) versus (HR 0.83; 95% CI: 0.40–1.76)], respectively. Conclusion: The history of urinary stones was shown to be not associated with the risk of CVD among Japanese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Isao Muraki
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center
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Li Y, Eshak ES, Cui R, Shirai K, Liu K, Iso H, Ikehara S, Tamakoshi A, Ukawa S. Television Viewing Time and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer Mortality among Japanese Population: The JACC Study. Cancer Res Treat 2020; 53:497-505. [PMID: 33138348 PMCID: PMC8053872 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2020.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sedentary behavior attributes to the increased risk of some cancers and all-cause mortality. The evidence is limited for the association between television (TV) viewing time, a major sedentary behavior, and risk of colorectal cancer death. We aimed to examine this association in Japanese population. Materials and Methods A prospective cohort study encompassed of 90,834 men and women aged 40-79 years with no prior history of colorectal cancer who completed a self-administered food frequency questionnaire, and provided their TV viewing information. The participants were followed-up from 1988-1990 to the end of 2009. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by the Cox proportional hazard regression for risk of colorectal cancer mortality according to TV viewing time. RESULTS During the median 19.1-year follow-up period, we documented 749 (385 men and 364 women) colorectal cancer deaths. The multivariable-adjusted HRs for mortality from colorectal cancer were 1.11 (0.88-1.41) for 1.5 to < 3 hr/day, 1.14 (0.91-1.42) for 3 to < 4.5 hr/day and 1.33 (1.02-1.73) for ≥ 4.5 hr/day in comparison to < 1.5 hr/day TV watching; p-trend=0.038, and that for 1-hour increment in TV viewing time was 1.06 (1.01-1.11). Moreover, the multivariable-adjusted HR (95%CI) of colon cancer for 1-hour increment in TV viewing time was 1.07 (1.02-1.13). Age, body mass index, and level of leisure-physical activity did not show significant effect modifications on the observed associations. CONCLUSION TV viewing time is associated with the increased risk of colorectal cancer mortality among Japanese population, more specifically colon rather than rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Renzhe Cui
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoyo Ikehara
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Ukawa
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Research Unit of Advanced Interdisciplinary Care Science, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
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Eshak ES, Muraki I, Imano H, Yamagishi K, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Manganese intake from foods and beverages is associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. Maturitas 2020; 143:127-131. [PMID: 33308618 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of manganese, only one recent Chinese study has investigated the association between dietary manganese intake and type 2 diabetes. METHODS We recruited 19,862 Japanese men and women in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. The participants completed a food frequency questionnaire at the baseline survey (1988 = 1990) and a diabetes history at both baseline and 5-year surveys. We calculated the odds ratios (95 % CIs) of the 5-year cumulative incidence of self-reported physician-diagnosed type 2 diabetes according to quartiles of dietary manganese intake. RESULTS Within the 5-year period, we confirmed 530 new cases of type 2 diabetes (263 in men and 267 in women) with a 5-year cumulative incidence of 2.7 % (3.6 % in men and 2.1 % in women). Higher manganese intake was inversely associated with the women's but not the men's cumulative risk of type 2 diabetes over the 5-year period. In a full model adjusted for the participants' characteristics, diabetes risk factors and a wide range of dietary variables, the multivariable odds ratios (95 %CIs) of type 2 diabetes across the increasing quartiles of manganese intake (Q1 to Q4) were 1.00, 0.97 (0.65, 1.43), 1.04 (0.67, 1.61) and 1.10 (0.64, 1.92), p-trend = 0.66 among men and 1.00, 0.74 (0.51, 1.06), 0.62 (0.41, 0.94) and 0.53 (0.31, 0.88), p-trend = 0.01 among women. The association was observed mainly for those with low iron intake in women, particularly premenopausal women. CONCLUSION Strong inverse associations between dietary manganese intake and risk of type 2 diabetes were observed in women but not men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita Shi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Shalaby land, Minia, 61511, Egypt.
| | - Isao Muraki
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita Shi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hironori Imano
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita Shi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita 15 Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita Shi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
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Abstract
Background Spanking can cause adverse psychological development and biological functional changes in children. However, spanking is widely used by parents in Japan. This study explored the risk factors for family member’s spanking of 3.5-year-old children using nationwide population data in Japan. Methods Surveys were administered to family members in Japan who had a child in 2001 (first cohort) or in 2010 (second cohort), and the data when their child was 0.5, 1.5, and 3.5 years old were used. We used multivariate binary and ordinal logistic regression analyses to examine the associations between risk factors and spanking children at 3.5 years of age, which was subcategorized into frequencies of never, sometimes, and always spanking, presented with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Among 70,450 families, 62.8% and 7.9% sometimes and always spanked their children, respectively. Children in the second cohort were spanked less frequently compared with those in the first cohort, and fathers who responded to the questionnaire spanked children less frequently than mothers who responded. Identified associated factors for spanking were male child, presence of siblings of the child, not living in a two-parent household, not living in a three-generation household, younger parents, parents with lower education, no outside work or unstable work, and lower family income. Conclusions We found a high prevalence of spanking and its associated factors. Approaching those with lower socioeconomic factors and promoting fathers’ involvement in parenting may be important public health strategies for reducing and preventing spanking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Baba
- Bioethics and Public Policy, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Yui Yamaoka
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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Eshak ES, Okada C, Baba S, Kimura T, Ikehara S, Sato T, Shirai K, Iso H. Maternal total energy, macronutrient and vitamin intakes during pregnancy associated with the offspring's birth size in the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Br J Nutr 2020; 124:558-566. [PMID: 32312335 PMCID: PMC7525098 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520001397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Maternal diet during pregnancy can influence fetal growth; however, the available evidence is controversial. We aimed to assess whether maternal diet of Japanese women in mid-pregnancy can affect their offspring's birth size via collection of questionnaire and medical record data. The studied sample was a large cohort of paired mothers and their singleton offspring (n 78 793) from fifteen areas all over Japan who participated in the Japan Environment and Children's Study. The mid-pregnancy intakes of total energy, macronutrients and vitamins were lower than the recommended intakes for pregnant Japanese women. Maternal total energy intake was positively associated with the offspring's birth weight; there was a 10-g mean difference in the offspring's birth weight of mothers in the lowest (3026 g) v. highest (3036 g) quartiles of energy intake. Carbohydrate intake was positively associated with the offspring's birth length (mean difference of 0·7 cm) and inversely associated with the ponderal index (mean difference of 0·8 g/cm3). Offspring of mothers in the highest v. lowest quartiles of total dietary fibre intake were on average 9 g heavier and had 0·3 cm longer birth length and 0·2 cm longer head circumference. The highest in reference to lowest intake quartile of vitamin C was associated with 13 g and 0·7 cm mean differences in the offspring's birth weight and length, respectively. Several other associations were evident for maternal intakes of vitamins and the offspring's birth size. In conclusion, maternal dietary intakes of energy, dietary fibre, carbohydrate and vitamins during pregnancy were associated with the offspring's birth size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab S. Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia61511, Egypt
| | - Chika Okada
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Sachiko Baba
- Bioethics and Public Policy, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Takashi Kimura
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo060-8638, Japan
| | - Satoyo Ikehara
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Takuyo Sato
- Department of Maternal and Child Health Research, Division of Community Health and Research, Osaka Woman’s and Children’s Hospital, Osaka594-1101, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka565-0871, Japan
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Arafa
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ehab S. Eshak
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Entisar Abu Salem
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Abeer Mohamed
- Department of Maternal and Newborn Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Omaima Mahmoud
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Abstract
Background Limited epidemiological evidence has suggested a positive relationship between night shift work and the risk of cancer. Herein, we investigated the prospective association between different forms of work schedule and the risk of numerous cancers and all-cause cancer among Japanese men and women. Methods This cohort study included 45,390 working men and women aged 40–79 years and registered in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study). The Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident cancer among those who reported engagement in night work and rotating shift work for their longest occupations compared with day work. Results Within a median follow-up duration of 14.2 years, 2,283 (9.4%) men and 1,309 (4.5%) women developed cancer. Among men, rotating shift work was significantly associated with increased risk of esophageal cancer (HR 2.47; 95% CI, 1.42–4.31) and decreased risk of liver cancer (HR 0.54; 95% CI, 0.30–0.98). Also, rotating shift work tended to be associated with the increased risk of prostate cancer (HR 1.42; 95% CI, 0.95–2.12). Night work and rotating shift work were not related to the risk of all-cause cancer in either sex. Conclusion Rotating shift work might contribute to the increased risk of esophageal cancer and prostate cancer and the decreased risk of liver cancer among Japanese men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Isao Muraki
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University
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43
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Okada C, Kubota Y, Eshak ES, Cui R, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Weight Change and Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2020; 28:25-33. [PMID: 32378530 PMCID: PMC7875144 DOI: 10.5551/jat.54114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the association between weight change and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in a Japanese population. Methods: We used the data of a population-based prospective cohort study that was conducted from 1988 to 1990 in 45 areas throughout Japan. Among a total of 69,681 men and women aged 40–79 with no history of CVD or cancer at baseline, the association between weight change from 20 years of age to baseline and CVD-related mortality was evaluated. Results: During a median follow-up period of 19.1 years, we observed 4,274 deaths from total CVD. After adjusting for age, sex, and other potential confounding factors, compared with participants with a weight change of < 2.5 kg (stable weight), participants with a greater weight change (either loss or gain) had an increased risk of mortality from total CVD (U-shaped association). The hazard ratios for the total CVD risk in participants with a weight loss and a weight gain of ≥ 12.5 kg were 1.50 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30–1.72) and 1.21 (95% CI, 1.07–1.36), respectively. The associations between weight change and risk of mortality from ischemic heart disease or stroke showed similar trends. The risk of intracerebral hemorrhage was associated with weight loss only. Weight change was not associated with mortality from subarachnoid hemorrhage. Conclusions: Weight loss or gain could be a risk factor for mortality from total or ischemic CVD, while weight loss could be a risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Okada
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine.,Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition
| | - Yasuhiko Kubota
- Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Renzhe Cui
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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Cao J, Eshak ES, Liu K, Yang J, Gero K, Liu Z, Yu C. An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Stroke Mortality Attributable to Low Physical Activity in China and Japan: Data from the GBD Study 1990-2016. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6525. [PMID: 32300134 PMCID: PMC7162896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63307-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the first and fourth leading cause of death in China and Japan, respectively. Physical inactivity was suggested to be one of the most important risk factors for stroke mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to assess long-term trends in stroke mortality attributable to low physical activity (LPA) in China and Japan during the period 1990–2016. Mortality data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 (GBD 2016) and were analyzed with an age-period-cohort method. The age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) showed declining trends for LPA-attributable stroke mortality. The overall net drift per year was −1.3% for Chinese men, −2.9% for Chinese women, −3.9% for Japanese men, and −5.6% for Japanese women. In both countries, the local drift values were below zero in all age groups. The longitudinal age curves of LPA-attributable stroke mortality were higher in men than in women in all age groups. The period and cohort rate ratios showed similar downward patterns for both sexes, with a faster decline for women than for men. However, the physically active population is still small in both countries. Therefore, policymakers should further promote physical activity as one of the most recommended effective strategies in stroke prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Department of Public Health, Community and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Krisztina Gero
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | | | - Chuanhua Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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45
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Ukai T, Iso H, Yamagishi K, Saito I, Kokubo Y, Yatsuya H, Muraki I, Eshak ES, Sawada N, Tsugane S. Habitual tub bathing and risks of incident coronary heart disease and stroke. Heart 2020; 106:732-737. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2019-315752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveTub bathing is considered to have a preventive effect against cardiovascular disease (CVD) by improving haemodynamic function. However, no prospective studies have investigated the long-term effects of tub bathing with regard to CVD risk.MethodsA total of 30 076 participants aged 40–59 years with no history of CVD or cancer were followed up from 1990 to 2009. Participants were classified by bathing frequency: zero to two times/week, three to four times/week and almost every day. The HRs of incident CVD were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models after adjusting for traditional CVD risk factors and selected dietary factors.ResultsDuring 538 373 person-years of follow-up, we documented a total of 2097 incident cases of CVD, comprising 328 coronary heart diseases (CHDs) (275 myocardial infarctions and 53 sudden cardiac deaths) and 1769 strokes (991 cerebral infarctions, 510 intracerebral haemorrhages, 255 subarachnoid haemorrhages and 13 unclassified strokes). The multivariable HRs (95% CIs) for almost daily or every day versus zero to two times/week were 0.72 (0.62 to 0.84, trend p<0.001) for total CVD; 0.65 (0.45 to 0.94, trend p=0.065) for CHD; 0.74 (0.62 to 0.87, trend p=0.005) for total stroke; 0.77 (0.62 to 0.97, trend p=0.467) for cerebral infarction; and 0.54 (0.40 to 0.73, trend p<0.001) for intracerebral haemorrhage. No associations were observed between tub bathing frequency and risk of sudden cardiac death or subarachnoid haemorrhage.ConclusionThe frequency of tub bathing was inversely associated with the risk of CVD among middle-aged Japanese.
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Arafa A, Eshak ES. Medical waste handling and hepatitis B virus infection: A meta-analysis. Am J Infect Control 2020; 48:316-319. [PMID: 31521422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant occupational hazard in health care settings and represents a public health concern. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between medical waste handling and HBV infection by conducting a meta-analysis of available evidence. METHODS Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) of the included studies were calculated, using the random-effects model, for medical waste handlers versus non-medical waste handlers. Publication bias was detected using the regression test for funnel plot asymmetry, and quality assessment was conducted according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS Nine cross-sectional studies, published between 1992 and 2018, were included. Medical waste handling was associated with higher odds of HBV infection compared to non-medical waste handling (pooled OR = 2.88; 95% CI, 1.40-5.93; I2 = 61.36%; P value for heterogeneity = .008). Subgroup analysis showed higher odds of HBV infection in studies conducted in Africa (pooled OR = 3.61; 95% CI, 1.19-11.00). Most studies were of poor to fair quality; yet, little evidence of publication bias was detected (P value for publication bias = .983). No single study showed a substantial impact on the pooled results. CONCLUSIONS The present meta-analysis supports the suggestion that medical waste handling is associated with HBV infection. This association was shown to be more obvious in African health care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Arafa
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
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47
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Arafa A, Eshak ES, Iso H. Oxalates, urinary stones and risk of cardiovascular diseases. Med Hypotheses 2020; 137:109570. [PMID: 31972450 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Increased level of oxalates in urine and plasma can be attributed to endogenous overproduction, increased ingestion or excessive intestinal absorption. When a supersaturation status is reached, oxalates combine with calcium and crystallize to form 80% of the urinary stones. Several cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease and stroke are thought to be associated with the formation of urinary stones via sharing the same pathogenesis and/or risk factors. This review investigated the evidence linking oxalates/urinary stones to cardiovascular diseases. Eventually, two theories can explain the possible association between urinary stones and cardiovascular diseases: the theory of common origin and the theory of common risk factors. While the first theory is based on the common vascular pathophysiology of urinary stones and cardiac events, the later suggests that metabolic syndrome traits increase the risk of urinary stones and cardiovascular diseases independently. A few cohort studies showed a higher risk of coronary heart disease and stroke among people with history of urinary stones than people without it while other cohort studies did not. These studies had different definitions for cardiovascular diseases, used various methods to assess urinary stones, and some of them did not control for potential confounders. When they were pooled together in meta-analyses, a significant heterogeneity across studies was observed. In conclusion, although there is some evidence indicating that urinary stones could increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases, a substantial causal relationship cannot be settled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Arafa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
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48
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption is a potential risk factor for gastric cancer. However, findings from cohort studies that examined the relationship between alcohol consumption and gastric cancer risk among Japanese population are not conclusive. METHODS A total of 54,682 Japanese men and women participating in the Japan Collaborative Cohort study completed a questionnaire, including alcohol consumption information. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS After a median 13.4-year follow-up, we documented 801 men and 466 women incident cases of gastric cancer. Alcohol consumption was associated with increased risk of gastric cancer among men (HRs in ex-drinkers and current alcohol consumption of <23 g, 23-<46 g, 46-<69 g, and ≥69 g/d categories versus never drinkers were 1.82; 95% CI, 1.38-2.42, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.10-1.80, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.17-1.85, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.48-2.38, and 1.85; 95% CI, 1.35-2.53, respectively, and that for 10 g increment of alcohol consumption after excluding ex-drinkers was 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04-1.10). The association in men was observed for cardia and non-cardia gastric cancer (HRs in the highest alcohol consumption category versus never drinkers were 9.96; 95% CI, 2.22-44.67 for cardia cancer and 2.40; 95% CI, 1.64-3.52 for non-cardia cancer). However, no such trend was observed in women. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol consumption is associated with increased risk of gastric cancer among Japanese men, regardless of anatomical subsite of the cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine.,Department of Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - J Y Dong
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
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Abstract
Background and Purpose- The aim of this study is to assess the long-term trends in stroke mortality attributable to high sodium intake in China and Japan during the period 1990 to 2016. Methods- The mortality data were obtained from the GBD study (Global Burden of Disease) 2016 and were analyzed using an age-period-cohort method. Results- The age-standardized mortality rates showed declining trends for high sodium intake-related stroke mortality. The overall net drifts per year were -3.1% for Chinese men and -5.0% for Chinese women; and -4.6% for Japanese men and -5.7% for Japanese women. The local drift values were below zero in all age groups for both sexes in both countries, and all local drift values of female participants were below their counterparts of male participants. The longitudinal age curves of high sodium intake-attributable stroke mortality increased rapidly for both sexes in China, whereas those of Japanese were slowly rising. The period and cohort rate ratios were found to have similar downward patterns for both sexes in both countries, with a quicker decline for women than for men (significantly with P<0.05 for all). Conclusions- The age-standardized mortality rates, the period effect and the cohort effect of stroke mortality attributable to high sodium intake in China and Japan have been declining in both sexes and all age groups from 1990 to 2016. Consequently, sodium-reduction strategies are of low cost and effective for the prevention of stroke. It is necessary to educate the nation with the correct knowledge on healthy diet and techniques to reduce salt consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Cao
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, China (J.C. and C.Y.)
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Department of Public Health, Community and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt (E.S.E).,Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan (E.S.E., K.L.)
| | - Keyang Liu
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan (E.S.E., K.L.)
| | - Krisztina Gero
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA (K.G.)
| | | | - Chuanhua Yu
- From the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, China (J.C. and C.Y.)
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50
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Maruyama K, S. Eshak E, Kinuta M, Nagao M, Cui R, Imano H, Ohira T, Iso H. Association between vitamin B group supplementation with changes in % flow-mediated dilatation and plasma homocysteine levels: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2019; 64:243-249. [PMID: 31138959 PMCID: PMC6529698 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.17-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There is limited evidence examining the association between B vitamin supplementation and improved endothelial function via lowering plasma homocysteine levels. This study investigated whether low-dose B vitamin supplementation improves endothelial dysfunction in Japanese adults with one or more components of metabolic syndrome. A randomized, controlled, crossover trial, without a washout period or blinding of subjects, was conducted from May-September, 2010. The subjects were 127 Japanese men and women aged 40-65 years who had at least one component of metabolic syndrome without medication. Participants took a supplement drink for two months but were divided into early intervention or later intervention groups. The flow-mediated dilatation, plasma homocysteine level, serum B-vitamins, and vitamin C levels were measured. A significant increase in serum B vitamins and vitamin C levels, and a reduction in plasma homocysteine levels were observed. The mean serum homocysteine level pre- and post-intervention was 9.8 and 8.2 µmol/L in the early intervention group and 10.8 and 7.4 µmol/L in the later intervention group (p<0.01). However, no significant changes in flow-mediated dilatation was found. Low-dose multivitamin supplementation including B vitamins is associated with a significant reduction in plasma homocysteine levels among patients with one or more components of metabolic syndrome. This study was registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) centre, and has the identifier UMIN000004436.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koutatsu Maruyama
- Laboratory of Community Health and Nutrition, Special Course of Food and Health Science, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
| | - Ehab S. Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Minia University, Main Road, Shalabyland, Minia 61111, Egypt
| | - Minako Kinuta
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masanori Nagao
- Department of Public Health, Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine, 880 Kita-kobayashi, Mibu, Shimotsuga-gun, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
| | - Renzhe Cui
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hironori Imano
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ohira
- Department of Epidemiology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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