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Yamada S, Kajita T, Nishimoto M, Horiuchi J, Fujii Y, Sakaguchi K, Hattori K, Tamura H, Kano T, Sakai T, Noro A. Next-Generation Structural Adhesives Composed of Epoxy Resins and Hydrogen-Bonded Styrenic Block Polymer-Based Thermoplastic Elastomers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39303009 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Structural adhesives are currently applied in the assembly of automobiles, aircraft, and buildings. In particular, epoxy adhesives are widely used due to their excellent mechanical strength and durability. However, cured epoxy resins are typically rigid and inflexible; thus, they have low peel and impact strength. In this study, tough cured epoxy adhesives were developed by mixing a liquid epoxy prepolymer (EP) and polystyrene-b-polyisoprene-b-polystyrene (SIS). SIS is a block polymer-based thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) composed of polystyrene (S) soluble in liquid EP and polyisoprene (I) insoluble in liquid EP, where S and I have a glass transition temperature that is higher and lower than room temperature, respectively. In addition, cured adhesives tougher than the cured adhesives containing SIS were prepared by mixing liquid EP and SIS with hydrogen-bonding groups in the I block (h-SIS). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations revealed mixed S/cured EP domains, with a d-spacing of several tens of nanometers, and cured EP domains, with diameters of one hundred to several hundred nanometers, that were macroscopically dispersed in the I or hydrogen-bonded I matrix of the cured adhesive containing SIS or h-SIS. The lap shear, peel, and impact strength of cured neat EP (EP*) were 23 MPa, 45 N/25 mm, and 0.62 kN/m, respectively. Meanwhile, the cured adhesive containing 16.5 wt % SIS exhibited the slightly lower lap shear strength of 17 MPa compared to that of cured EP*, whereas the peel and impact strength of the cured adhesive with SIS were 61 N/25 mm and 7.1 kN/m, respectively, both higher than those of EP*. Furthermore, the lap shear strength of the cured adhesive containing 15.5 wt % h-SIS was 21 MPa, which was similar to that of cured EP*. The cured adhesive with h-SIS also exhibited an excellent peel strength of 97 N/25 mm and an impact strength of 14 kN/m which was 22 times higher than that of cured EP*. Therefore, mixing liquid EP and SIS improved the cured adhesive properties and flexibility of the cured epoxy adhesives compared to the cured adhesive composed of neat EP, and further enhancement of the adhesive properties was achieved by mixing liquid EP and h-SIS with hydrogen-bonding groups instead of mixing with SIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saya Yamada
- Department of Molecular & Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Takato Kajita
- Department of Molecular & Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Mio Nishimoto
- Department of Molecular & Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Junko Horiuchi
- Department of Molecular & Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshirou Fujii
- Chemical Products R&D Department, Engineering Division, Aisin Chemical Co., Ltd., 1141-1 Okawagahara, Fujioka-iino-cho, Toyota, Aichi 470-0492, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Sakaguchi
- Chemical Products R&D Department, Engineering Division, Aisin Chemical Co., Ltd., 1141-1 Okawagahara, Fujioka-iino-cho, Toyota, Aichi 470-0492, Japan
| | - Kazuo Hattori
- Chemical Products R&D Department, Engineering Division, Aisin Chemical Co., Ltd., 1141-1 Okawagahara, Fujioka-iino-cho, Toyota, Aichi 470-0492, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tamura
- Chemical Products R&D Department, Engineering Division, Aisin Chemical Co., Ltd., 1141-1 Okawagahara, Fujioka-iino-cho, Toyota, Aichi 470-0492, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kano
- Chemical Products R&D Department, Engineering Division, Aisin Chemical Co., Ltd., 1141-1 Okawagahara, Fujioka-iino-cho, Toyota, Aichi 470-0492, Japan
| | - Takenobu Sakai
- Promotion Office for Open Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Institute of Materials Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Atsushi Noro
- Department of Molecular & Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Institute of Materials Innovation, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Research Center for Net-Zero Carbon Society, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Patsidis AC, Dimitrakellis P, Gogolides E, Psarras GC. Dielectric Response of ZnO/PMMA Nanocomposites with Atmospheric Pressure Plasma-Modified Surfaces. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:4063. [PMID: 39203241 PMCID: PMC11356202 DOI: 10.3390/ma17164063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
In this work, the effect of etching the surface of polymer matrix nanocomposites with atmospheric pressure plasma targeting to achieve enhanced dielectric properties was investigated. Polymer nanocomposites, with varying reinforcing phase content, were modified by atmospheric-pressure plasma resulting in an increase in the surface filler's concentration. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) matrix nanocomposites reinforced with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were prepared and dielectrically studied as a function of the nanoparticle content and the plasma modified surfaces. The electrical response of the composite systems was studied by means of Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy (BDS) over a wide range of temperatures and frequencies. The dielectric permittivity increased with the embedded phase content and with plasma surface treatment. Energy density followed the same trend as dielectric permittivity, and the plasma-treated nanocomposite with the higher ZnO content exhibited approximately 27% higher energy density compared to the unreinforced matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios C. Patsidis
- Smart Materials & Nanodielectrics Laboratory, Department of Materials Science, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Panagiotis Dimitrakellis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi, 15341 Attiki, Greece; (P.D.); (E.G.)
| | - Evangelos Gogolides
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi, 15341 Attiki, Greece; (P.D.); (E.G.)
| | - Georgios C. Psarras
- Smart Materials & Nanodielectrics Laboratory, Department of Materials Science, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
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Mun H, Diaz Cortes DS, Youn JH, Kyung KU. Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Force Sensor Incorporated into Soft Robotic Gripper for Improved Grasping Stability. Soft Robot 2024; 11:628-638. [PMID: 38557239 DOI: 10.1089/soro.2023.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, soft robotic grippers have emerged as a promising solution for versatile and safe manipulation of objects in various fields. However, precise force control is critical, especially when handling delicate or fragile objects, to avoid excessive grip force application or to prevent object slippage. Herein, we propose a novel three-degree-of-freedom force sensor incorporated within a soft robotic gripper to realize stable grasping with force feedback. The proposed optical sensor employs lightweight and compact optical fibers, thereby allowing for cost-effective fabrication, and a robust sensing system that is immune to electromagnetic fields. By innervating the soft gripper with optical fibers, a durable system is achieved with the fibers functioning as a strengthening layer, thereby eliminating the need for embedding an external stiffening structure for efficient bending actuation. The innovative contact-based light loss sensing mechanism allows for a robust and stable sensing mechanism with low drift (<0.1% over 9000 cycles) that can be applied to soft pneumatic bending grippers. We used the developed sensor-incorporated soft gripper to grasp various objects, including magnetic materials, and achieved slip detection along with grip force feedback without any signal interference. Overall, this study proposes a robust measuring multi-degree-of-freedom force sensor that can be incorporated into grippers for improved grasping stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heeju Mun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - David Santiago Diaz Cortes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Youn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Tangible Interface Creative Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research (ETRI), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Uk Kyung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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4
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Huang X, Ding C, Wang Y, Zhang S, Duan X, Ji H. Dual Dynamic Cross-Linked Epoxy Vitrimers Used for Strong, Detachable, and Reworkable Adhesives. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:38586-38605. [PMID: 38984525 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c08123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Novel reprocessable thermosetting adhesives (RTAs), which combine high adhesive strength, reusability, disassembly, and recyclability features, have attracted increasing attention. However, developing RTAs with a rapidly adhesive rate while ensuring high adhesive strength and self-healing ability is still a significant challenge. Here, we prepared a novel vitrimer called DAx-DTSAy, which can be used as an RTA. First, by adjusting the ratio of rigid and flexible segments, maximum tensile strength reached 35.92 MPa. Second, the combined effect of dynamic hydroxyl ester bonds and dynamic disulfide bonds resulted in a rapid stress relaxation behavior, with a complete relaxation time 13.6 times shorter than a vitrimer only cross-linked with hydroxy ester bonds. This feature endowed its good self-healing and reprocessing capabilities. After self-healing at 180 °C, the maximum healing rate of mechanical properties was 91.8%. After three reprocesses, the maximum recovery rate of tensile strength was 120.2%. Furthermore, the combination of rigid and flexible segments and the synergistic effect of dual dynamic covalent bonds made DAx-DTSAy capable of use as a high-performance RTA. The lap shear strength of a DAx-DTSAy film on stainless steel reached 18.18 MPa after 15 min, with a recovery rate of 91.9% after 5 rebonding cycles. Additionally, DAx-DTSAy can be disassembled in chemical agents and exhibited better insulation properties compared to traditional epoxy resins. DAx-DTSAy can be employed as a novel high-performance adhesive in applications such as electronic devices and transportation, contributing to the development of thermosetting adhesives toward recyclability and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Huang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chen Ding
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yichun Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Songmao Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiuhui Duan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongzeng Ji
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Wu H, Qin J, Hua X, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Zhang J. Self-assembly behavior and adhesive performance of imidazolium cation grafted cellulose nanocrystals in confined space. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 336:122127. [PMID: 38670758 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Confined evaporation-induced self-assembly (C-EISA) is a powerful technique to guide disordered nanoparticles into long-range organized structures. Herein, we investigate the C-EISA behavior of 1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium cation ([VBIm]+) grafted cellulose nanocrystals (CNC-C) in a parallel-plates confined geometry. Interestingly, CNC-C can spontaneously assemble into maze-like patterns with branch dimensions on the micrometer scale and uniformly distributed throughout the confined space, which is completely different from the lamellar self-assembly patterns of unmodified CNCs. Combining in situ observations and microscopic characterization, we speculate that the formation of maze-like patterns originates from the reduction of colloidal stability induced by the grafted imidazolium cations. The electrostatic attraction between CNC-C aggregated bundles and glass substrates acts as anchor points, thereby leading to the unstable motion of the liquid-air menisci during the inward intrusion of air. Due to the physicochemical properties and unique C-EISA behavior, the CNC-C based adhesive can maintain adhesion at temperatures of ca. 200 °C, while rapidly debonding when immersed in water, demonstrating the potential to be used as stimuli-responsive temporary or removable adhesives. Furthermore, the strategy proposed in this work for achieving CNCs patterning is also promising to be extended to other anisotropic rod-shaped nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jinli Qin
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xiangdong Hua
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Zhaolu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Zejun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
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6
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Duan W, Robles UA, Poole‐Warren L, Esrafilzadeh D. Bioelectronic Neural Interfaces: Improving Neuromodulation Through Organic Conductive Coatings. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306275. [PMID: 38115740 PMCID: PMC11251570 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Integration of bioelectronic devices in clinical practice is expanding rapidly, focusing on conditions ranging from sensory to neurological and mental health disorders. While platinum (Pt) electrodes in neuromodulation devices such as cochlear implants and deep brain stimulators have shown promising results, challenges still affect their long-term performance. Key among these are electrode and device longevity in vivo, and formation of encapsulating fibrous tissue. To overcome these challenges, organic conductors with unique chemical and physical properties are being explored. They hold great promise as coatings for neural interfaces, offering more rapid regulatory pathways and clinical implementation than standalone bioelectronics. This study provides a comprehensive review of the potential benefits of organic coatings in neuromodulation electrodes and the challenges that limit their effective integration into existing devices. It discusses issues related to metallic electrode use and introduces physical, electrical, and biological properties of organic coatings applied in neuromodulation. Furthermore, previously reported challenges related to organic coating stability, durability, manufacturing, and biocompatibility are thoroughly reviewed and proposed coating adhesion mechanisms are summarized. Understanding organic coating properties, modifications, and current challenges of organic coatings in clinical and industrial settings is expected to provide valuable insights for their future development and integration into organic bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlu Duan
- The Graduate School of Biomedical EngineeringUNSWSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | | | - Laura Poole‐Warren
- The Graduate School of Biomedical EngineeringUNSWSydneyNSW2052Australia
- Tyree Foundation Institute of Health EngineeringUNSWSydneyNSW2052Australia
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7
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Xie X, Jiang Y, Yao X, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Huang T, Li R, Chen Y, Li SL, Lan YQ. A solvent-free processed low-temperature tolerant adhesive. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5017. [PMID: 38866776 PMCID: PMC11169673 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49503-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Ultra-low temperature resistant adhesive is highly desired yet scarce for material adhesion for the potential usage in Arctic/Antarctic or outer space exploration. Here we develop a solvent-free processed low-temperature tolerant adhesive with excellent adhesion strength and organic solvent stability, wide tolerable temperature range (i.e. -196 to 55 °C), long-lasting adhesion effect ( > 60 days, -196 °C) that exceeds the classic commercial hot melt adhesives. Furthermore, combine experimental results with theoretical calculations, the strong interaction energy between polyoxometalate and polymer is the main factor for the low-temperature tolerant adhesive, possessing enhanced cohesion strength, suppressed polymer crystallization and volumetric contraction. Notably, manufacturing at scale can be easily achieved by the facile scale-up solvent-free processing, showing much potential towards practical application in Arctic/Antarctic or planetary exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Xie
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
- Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Normal University, Xinzhou, Shanxi, 034000, China
| | - Yulian Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Normal University, Xinzhou, Shanxi, 034000, China
| | - Xiaoman Yao
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Zilin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Normal University, Xinzhou, Shanxi, 034000, China
| | - Taoping Huang
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Runhan Li
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Yifa Chen
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Shun-Li Li
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Ya-Qian Lan
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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8
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Zhang J, Zhou X, Hu Q, Zhou K, Zhang Y, Dong S, Zhao G, Zhang S. Concentration-induced spontaneous polymerization of protic ionic liquids for efficient in situ adhesion. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4265. [PMID: 38769305 PMCID: PMC11106314 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The advancement of contemporary adhesives is often limited by the balancing act between cohesion and interfacial adhesion strength. This study explores an approach to overcome this trade-off by utilizing the spontaneous polymerization of a protic ionic liquid-based monomer obtained through the neutralization of 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid and hydroxylamine. The initiator-free polymerization process is carried out through a gradual increase in monomer concentration in aqueous solutions caused by solvent evaporation upon heating, which results in the in-situ formation of a tough and thin adhesive layer with a highly entangled polymeric network and an intimate interface contact between the adhesive and substrate. The abundance of internal and external non-covalent interactions also contributes to both cohesion and interfacial adhesion. Consequently, the produced protic poly(ionic liquid)s exhibit considerable adhesion strength on a variety of substrates. This method also allows for the creation of advanced adhesive composites with electrical conductivity or visualized sensing functionality by incorporating commercially available fillers into the ionic liquid adhesive. This study provides a strategy for creating high-performance ionic liquid-based adhesives and highlights the importance of in-situ polymerization for constructing adhesive composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Qinyu Hu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Kaijian Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Shengyi Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Gai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Aerospace Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Shiguo Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410004, China.
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9
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Baseggio J, Zverev A, Pinato O, Vico A, Fernandez JE, Singh SK. Container Closure Integrity of a Glass Prefillable Syringe in Deep Frozen Storage Conditions. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:1248-1256. [PMID: 38070774 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Development of novel pharmaceutical drug modalities has created a need for frozen storage and transportation. Accurate and easy assessment of container closure integrity (CCI) in frozen conditions remains a challenge. Thus, container closure systems (CCS) suitable for low temperatures have been primarily restricted to vials despite the growing popularity of prefillable syringes (PFS) for parenteral administration. A new dye ingress test method, suitable for testing at low temperatures, was developed and applied to PFS across a range of deep-frozen temperatures. The method is versatile and can easily be extended to other common CCS formats over a wide range of temperatures including storage on dry ice (-80 °C). This new method was paired with an orthogonal technique, laser-based CO2 headspace gas analysis, to evaluate the CCI of a glass PFS at temperatures from -50 °C to -80 °C. Both test methods showed comparable results and consistent CCI failure below a temperature of -70 °C. The primary mode of failure was the plunger-to-barrel interface, likely attributable to dimensional changes and loss of elasticity. This study demonstrates the temperature dependent CCI behavior of glass PFS and underscores the importance of thorough characterization of package integrity for deep frozen drug products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Baseggio
- EMEA Technology Excellence Center, Stevanato Group, Piombino Dese, Italy
| | - Anton Zverev
- Moderna, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America.
| | - Odra Pinato
- EMEA Technology Excellence Center, Stevanato Group, Piombino Dese, Italy
| | - Anthony Vico
- US Technology Excellence Center, Stevanato Group, Boston, MA, United States of America
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10
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Hartung M, Heim HP. UVC Irradiation as a Surface Treatment of Polycarbonate to Generate Adhesion to Liquid Silicone Rubber in an Overmolding Process. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1141. [PMID: 38675060 PMCID: PMC11053553 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the adhesion properties of polycarbonate (PC) and liquid silicone rubbers (LSR) through surface activation using ultraviolet C (UVC) radiation. While self-adhesive LSRs adhere easily to certain thermoplastic composites such as polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polyamides (PAs), bonding to PC typically requires surface treatment due to the lack of compatible functional groups. Previous methods like plasma or flame treatment have been effective, but the use of UVC radiation for surface activation remains unexplored. Through experiments, it was found that UVC surface activation, particularly with ozone-generating lamps, significantly enhances the peel strength between PC and self-adhesive LSRs. The study evaluates the impact of different irradiation times and lamp configurations on peel resistance, surface energy, and composite stability. Results show that UVC/ozone (wavelengths 254 nm and 185 nm) activation increases peel resistance, with distinct differences observed between LSR types. Additionally, the study examines the stability of UVC activation over time and under various storage conditions, highlighting its effectiveness for up to 36 months at room temperature. Furthermore, the relationship between surface energy and peel strength is analyzed, finding that UVC/ozone activation increases surface energy but does not consistently correlate with improved adhesion. The study concludes with a comparison of UVC/ozone activation to alternative surface treatment methods, emphasizing its advantages such as cost-effectiveness and stability while considering limitations regarding substrate compatibility and occupational safety aspects. Overall, UVC/ozone surface activation presents a promising approach for enhancing adhesion in PC-LSR composite systems and holds potential for applications across various industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hartung
- Institute of Material Engineering, Polymer Engineering, University of Kassel, 34125 Kassel, Germany;
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Nastuta AV, Asandulesa M, Spiridon I, Varganici CD, Huzum R, Mihaila I. Effects of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet on 3D-Printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS). MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1848. [PMID: 38673204 PMCID: PMC11051423 DOI: 10.3390/ma17081848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Polymers are essential in several sectors, yet some applications necessitate surface modification. One practical and eco-friendly option is non-thermal plasma exposure. The present research endeavors to examine the impacts of dielectric barrier discharge atmospheric pressure plasma on the chemical composition and wettability properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene surfaces subject to the action of additive manufacturing. The plasma source was produced by igniting either helium or argon and then adjusted to maximize the operational conditions for exposing polymers. The drop in contact angle and the improvement in wettability after plasma exposure can be due to the increased oxygen-containing groups onto the surface, together with a reduction in carbon content. The research findings indicated that plasma treatment significantly improved the wettability of the polymer surface, with an increase of up to 60% for both working gases, while the polar index increased from 0.01 up to 0.99 after plasma treatment. XPS measurements showed an increase of up to 10% in oxygen groups at the surface of He-plasma-treated samples and up to 13% after Ar-plasma treatment. Significant modifications were observed in the structure that led to a reduction of its roughness by 50% and also caused a leveling effect after plasma treatment. A slight decrease in the glass and melting temperature after plasma treatment was pointed out by differential scanning calorimetry and broadband dielectric spectroscopy. Up to a 15% crystallinity index was determined after plasma treatment, and the 3D printing process was measured through X-ray diffraction. The empirical findings encourage the implementation of atmospheric pressure plasma-based techniques for the environmentally sustainable manipulation of polymers for applications necessitating higher levels of adhesion and specific prerequisites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Vasile Nastuta
- Physics and Biophysics Education Research Laboratory (P&B-EduResLab), Biomedical Science Department, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, M. Kogalniceanu Str., No. 9–13, 700454 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Asandulesa
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Iuliana Spiridon
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | | | - Ramona Huzum
- Integrated Center of Environmental Science Studies in the North-Eastern Development Region (CERNESIM), Department of Exact and Natural Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Blvd. Carol I No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ilarion Mihaila
- Integrated Center of Environmental Science Studies in the North-Eastern Development Region (CERNESIM), Department of Exact and Natural Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Blvd. Carol I No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
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12
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Li Q, He P, Wang H, Xu Z, Zhan X, Liu Q, Zhang Q. Enhanced adhesive and mechanically robust silicone-based coating with excellent marine anti-fouling and anti-corrosion performances. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303096. [PMID: 38140811 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is widely used in marine antifouling coatings due to its low surface energy property. However, certain drawbacks of PDMS coatings such as poor surface adhesion, weak mechanical properties, and inadequate static antifouling performance have hindered its practical applications. Herein, condensation polymerization is utilized to prepare PDMS-based polythiamine ester (PTUBAF) coatings that consist of PDMS, polytetrahydrofuran (PTMG), 2, 3, 5, 6-tetrafluoro-1, 4-benzenedimethanol (TBD) as the main chains and isobornyl acrylate(IBA) as the antifouling group. The surface adhesion to the substrate is enhanced due to the hydrogen bond between the coated carbamate group and the hydroxyl group on the surface of the substrate. Mechanical properties of PTUBAF are significantly improved due to the benzene ring and six-membered ring biphase hard structure. The strong synergistic effect of bactericidal groups and low surface energy surface endows the PTUBAF coating with outstanding antifouling performance. Due to the low surface energy surface, the PTUBAF coatings are also found to possess excellent anti-corrosion. Furthermore, since the PTUBAF coatings exhibit a visible light transmittance of 91 %, they can applied as protective films for smartphones. The proposed method has the potential to boost the production and practical applications of silicone-based coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Chemicals Technology, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Peng He
- Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Ziqi Xu
- Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhan
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Chemicals Technology, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Quan Liu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Chemicals Technology, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center of Advanced Chemicals Technology, Quzhou, 324000, China
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13
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Parkerson ZJ, Prozorovska L, Vasuta MP, Oddo TD, Jennings GK. Simultaneous Spin Coating and Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization for the Rapid Synthesis of Polymer Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:16754-16766. [PMID: 38517314 PMCID: PMC10995903 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
We report a highly controlled technique for the synthesis of polymer films atop a substrate by combining spin coating with ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), herein termed spin coating ROMP (scROMP). The scROMP approach combines polymer synthesis and deposition into one process, fabricating films of up to 36 cm2 in under 3 min with orders-of-magnitude reduction in solvent usage. This method can convert numerous norbornene-type molecules into homopolymers and random copolymers as uniform films on both porous and nonporous substrates. Film thickness can be varied from a few hundred nanometers to a few tens of micrometers based on spin speed and monomer concentration. The resulting polymers possess high MW (>100 kDa) and low polydispersity (PDI) (<1.2) values that are similar to ROMP polymers made in solution. We also devise a model to investigate the balance between convective monomer spin-off and polymer growth from the surface, which allows the determination of critical kinetic parameters for scROMP. Finally, translation of scROMP to porous supports enables the synthesis of thin film composite membranes that demonstrate the ability to dehydrate ethanol by pervaporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zane J. Parkerson
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Liudmyla Prozorovska
- Interdisciplinary
Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Matthew P. Vasuta
- Interdisciplinary
Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Tyler D. Oddo
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - G. Kane Jennings
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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14
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Jia B, Zhang B, Li J, Qin J, Huang Y, Huang M, Ming Y, Jiang J, Chen R, Xiao Y, Du J. Emerging polymeric materials for treatment of oral diseases: design strategy towards a unique oral environment. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3273-3301. [PMID: 38507263 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01039b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Oral diseases are prevalent but challenging diseases owing to the highly movable and wet, microbial and inflammatory environment. Polymeric materials are regarded as one of the most promising biomaterials due to their good compatibility, facile preparation, and flexible design to obtain multifunctionality. Therefore, a variety of strategies have been employed to develop materials with improved therapeutic efficacy by overcoming physicobiological barriers in oral diseases. In this review, we summarize the design strategies of polymeric biomaterials for the treatment of oral diseases. First, we present the unique oral environment including highly movable and wet, microbial and inflammatory environment, which hinders the effective treatment of oral diseases. Second, a series of strategies for designing polymeric materials towards such a unique oral environment are highlighted. For example, multifunctional polymeric materials are armed with wet-adhesive, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory functions through advanced chemistry and nanotechnology to effectively treat oral diseases. These are achieved by designing wet-adhesive polymers modified with hydroxy, amine, quinone, and aldehyde groups to provide strong wet-adhesion through hydrogen and covalent bonding, and electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, by developing antimicrobial polymers including cationic polymers, antimicrobial peptides, and antibiotic-conjugated polymers, and by synthesizing anti-inflammatory polymers with phenolic hydroxy and cysteine groups that function as immunomodulators and electron donors to reactive oxygen species to reduce inflammation. Third, various delivery systems with strong wet-adhesion and enhanced mucosa and biofilm penetration capabilities, such as nanoparticles, hydrogels, patches, and microneedles, are constructed for delivery of antibiotics, immunomodulators, and antioxidants to achieve therapeutic efficacy. Finally, we provide insights into challenges and future development of polymeric materials for oral diseases with promise for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Jinlong Qin
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Yisheng Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingshu Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Ming
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingjing Jiang
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Yufen Xiao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
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15
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Primc G, Mozetič M. Surface Modification of Polymers by Plasma Treatment for Appropriate Adhesion of Coatings. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1494. [PMID: 38612009 PMCID: PMC11012850 DOI: 10.3390/ma17071494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
In this study, recent advances in tailoring the surface properties of polymers for the optimization of the adhesion of various coatings by non-equilibrium gaseous plasma are reviewed, and important findings are stressed. Different authors have used various experimental setups and reported results that scatter significantly and are sometimes contradictory. The correlations between the processing parameters and the adhesion are drawn, and discrepancies are explained. Many authors have explained improved adhesion with the adjustment of the surface free energy or wettability of the polymer substrate and the surface tension of liquids used for the deposition of thin films. The adhesion force between the polymer substrate and the coating does not always follow the evolution of the surface wettability, which is explained by several effects, including the aging effects due to the hydrophobic recovery and the formation of an interlayer rich in loosely bonded low molecular weight fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miran Mozetič
- Department of Surface Engineering, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
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16
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Slapnik J, Lorber R, Pulko I, Huskić M, Črešnar KP. Overprinting of TPU onto PA6 Substrates: The Influences of the Interfacial Area, Surface Roughness and Processing Parameters on the Adhesion between Components. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:650. [PMID: 38475333 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The hybridisation of injection moulding (IM) and additive manufacturing (AM) offers the opportunity to combine the high productivity of IM and the high flexibility of AM into a single process. IM parts can be overprinted through fused filament fabrication (FFF) to allow for the customisation of parts or to add new functionalities. However, the right material pair must be chosen, and processing parameters must be optimised to achieve suitable adhesion between the components. The present study dealt with the investigation of the influence of the interfacial area, substrate surface roughness and overprinting processing parameters on the adhesion between the polyamide 6 (PA6) substrate and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) rib overprinted via FFF. PA6 substrates were produced through the IM of plates into a mould with different textures to obtain substrates with three different surface roughnesses. The ribs with varied interfacial areas were overprinted onto produced substrates using a desktop FFF 3D printer. To study the effect of overprinting processing parameters, the ribs were overprinted under varying printing and substrate temperatures and printing speeds according to the Box-Behnken design of experiments (DoE). The chemical composition and thermal properties of used materials were determined via attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The surface properties of prepared substrates were studied via digital optical microscopy (OM), through surface roughness measurements using a confocal microscope, through contact angle (CA) measurements and through the determination of free surface energy (SFE). The adhesion between the components was determined by evaluating the tear-off strength using a universal testing machine (UTM). With an increasing interfacial area, the tear-off strength decreased, while substrate surface roughness had no statistically significant effect. Overprinting parameters influenced the tear-off strength in the order of printing speed > printing temperature > substrate temperature. High values of tear-off strength were found for the lowest printing speed, while there were no important differences found between the middle and upper values. With increasing printing and substrate temperatures, the tear-off strength increased linearly. The highest value of tear-off strength (0.84 MPa) was observed at a printing temperature, substrate temperature and printing speed of 250 °C, 80 °C and 2 mm/s, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janez Slapnik
- Faculty of Polymer Technology, Ozare 19, 2380 Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia
| | - Rebeka Lorber
- Faculty of Polymer Technology, Ozare 19, 2380 Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia
| | - Irena Pulko
- Faculty of Polymer Technology, Ozare 19, 2380 Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia
| | - Miroslav Huskić
- Faculty of Polymer Technology, Ozare 19, 2380 Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia
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17
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Fleischer M, Kelar Tučeková Z, Galmiz O, Baťková E, Plšek T, Kolářová T, Kováčik D, Kelar J. Plasma Treatment of Large-Area Polymer Substrates for the Enhanced Adhesion of UV-Digital Printing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:426. [PMID: 38470757 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
UV-digital printing belongs to the commonly used method for custom large-area substrate decoration. Despite low surface energy and adhesion, transparent polymer materials, such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polycarbonate (PC), represent an ideal substrate for such purposes. The diffuse coplanar surface barrier discharge (DCSBD) in a novel compact configuration was used for substrate activation to improve ink adhesion to the polymer surface. This industrially applicable version of DCSBD was prepared, tested, and successfully implemented for the UV-digital printing process. Furthermore, wettability and surface free energy measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force, and scanning electron microscopy evaluated the surface chemistry and morphology changes. The changes in the adhesion of the surface and of ink were analyzed by a peel-force and a crosscut test, respectively. A short plasma treatment (1-5 s) enhanced the substrate's properties of PMMA and PC while providing the pre-treatment suitable for further in-line UV-digital printing. Furthermore, we did not observe damage of or significant change in roughness affecting the substrate's initial transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Fleischer
- Department of Plasma Physics and Technology, CEPLANT-R&D Centre for Plasma and Nanotechnology Surface Modifications, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zlata Kelar Tučeková
- Department of Plasma Physics and Technology, CEPLANT-R&D Centre for Plasma and Nanotechnology Surface Modifications, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Oleksandr Galmiz
- Department of Plasma Physics and Technology, CEPLANT-R&D Centre for Plasma and Nanotechnology Surface Modifications, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Baťková
- Department of Plasma Physics and Technology, CEPLANT-R&D Centre for Plasma and Nanotechnology Surface Modifications, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Plšek
- Department of Plasma Physics and Technology, CEPLANT-R&D Centre for Plasma and Nanotechnology Surface Modifications, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tatiana Kolářová
- Department of Plasma Physics and Technology, CEPLANT-R&D Centre for Plasma and Nanotechnology Surface Modifications, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dušan Kováčik
- Department of Plasma Physics and Technology, CEPLANT-R&D Centre for Plasma and Nanotechnology Surface Modifications, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Kelar
- Department of Plasma Physics and Technology, CEPLANT-R&D Centre for Plasma and Nanotechnology Surface Modifications, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
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18
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Asadian M, Tomasina C, Onyshchenko Y, Chan KV, Norouzi M, Zonderland J, Camarero-Espinosa S, Morent R, De Geyter N, Moroni L. The role of plasma-induced surface chemistry on polycaprolactone nanofibers to direct chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:210-230. [PMID: 37706337 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) are extensively being utilized for cartilage regeneration owing to their excellent differentiation potential and availability. However, controlled differentiation of BMSCs towards cartilaginous phenotypes to heal full-thickness cartilage defects remains challenging. This study investigates how different surface properties induced by either coating deposition or biomolecules immobilization onto nanofibers (NFs) could affect BMSCs chondro-inductive behavior. Accordingly, electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) NFs were exposed to two surface modification strategies based on medium-pressure plasma technology. The first strategy is plasma polymerization, in which cyclopropylamine (CPA) or acrylic acid (AcAc) monomers were plasma polymerized to obtain amine- or carboxylic acid-rich NFs, respectively. The second strategy uses a combination of CPA plasma polymerization and a post-chemical technique to immobilize chondroitin sulfate (CS) onto the NFs. These modifications could affect surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and chemical composition while preserving the NFs' nano-morphology. The results of long-term BMSCs culture in both basic and chondrogenic media proved that the surface modifications modulated BMSCs chondrogenic differentiation. Indeed, the incorporation of polar groups by different modification strategies had a positive impact on the cell proliferation rate, production of the glycosaminoglycan matrix, and expression of extracellular matrix proteins (collagen I and collagen II). The chondro-inductive behavior of the samples was highly dependent on the nature of the introduced polar functional groups. Among all samples, carboxylic acid-rich NFs promoted chondrogenesis by higher expression of aggrecan, Sox9, and collagen II with downregulation of hypertrophic markers. Hence, this approach showed an intrinsic potential to have a non-hypertrophic chondrogenic cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Asadian
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Prometheus Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Department of Materials Science, KU Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Clarissa Tomasina
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Yuliia Onyshchenko
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ke Vin Chan
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mohammad Norouzi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jip Zonderland
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Camarero-Espinosa
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Euskadi Pl. 5, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Rino Morent
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathalie De Geyter
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration Department, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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19
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Nastuta AV, Asandulesa M, Doroftei F, Dascalu IA, Varganici CD, Tiron V, Topala I. Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet Exposure of Polylactic Acid Surfaces for Better Adhesion: Plasma Parameters towards Polymer Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:240. [PMID: 38257039 PMCID: PMC11154260 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Polymers play a crucial role in multiple industries; however, surface modification is necessary for certain applications. Exposure to non-thermal plasma provides a viable and environmentally beneficial option. Fused deposition molding utilizes biodegradable polylactic acid, although it encounters constraints in biomedical applications as a result of inadequate mechanical characteristics. This study investigates the effects of atmospheric pressure plasma generated by a dielectric barrier discharge system using helium and/or argon on the modification of polylactic acid surfaces, changes in their wettability properties, and alterations in their chemical composition. The plasma source was ignited in either He or Ar and was tailored to fit the best operational conditions for polymer exposure. The results demonstrated the enhanced wettability of the polymer surface following plasma treatment (up to 40% in He and 20% in Ar), with a marginal variation observed among treatments utilizing different gases. The plasma treatments also caused changes in the surface topography, morphology, roughness, and hydrophilicity. Plasma exposure also resulted in observable modifications in the dielectric characteristics, phase transition, and structure. The experimental findings endorse the utilization of plasma technologies at normal air pressure for environmentally friendly processing of polymer materials, specifically for applications that necessitate enhanced adhesion and have carefully selected prerequisites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Vasile Nastuta
- Physics and Biophysics Education Research Laboratory (P&B-EduResLab), Biomedical Science Department, Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, M. Kogalniceanu Str., No. 9–13, 700454 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Asandulesa
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (M.A.); (F.D.); (I.-A.D.); (C.-D.V.)
| | - Florica Doroftei
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (M.A.); (F.D.); (I.-A.D.); (C.-D.V.)
| | - Ioan-Andrei Dascalu
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (M.A.); (F.D.); (I.-A.D.); (C.-D.V.)
| | - Cristian-Dragos Varganici
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Gr. Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (M.A.); (F.D.); (I.-A.D.); (C.-D.V.)
| | - Vasile Tiron
- Research Center on Advanced Materials and Technologies (RAMTECH), Department of Exact and Natural Sciences, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Blvd. Carol I No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Ionut Topala
- Iasi Plasma Advanced Research Center (IPARC), Faculty of Physics, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Blvd. Carol I No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
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20
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Sheng S, Fang Z, Yang H, Fang H. Simultaneously Suppressing the Coffee Ring Effect of Solutes with Different Sizes. J Phys Chem B 2023. [PMID: 38049382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c04973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Suppressing the coffee ring effect (CRE), which improves the uniformity of deposition, has attracted great attention. Usually, a realistic system contains solutes of various sizes. Large particles preferentially settle onto the substrate under gravity, separated from small particles even when CRE is suppressed, which generates nonuniformity in another way. This hinders small particles from filling the gaps at the deposition-substrate interface, leaving a frail deposition. Here, the CRE of polydispersed solutes is simultaneously suppressed, and a more uniform deposition is achieved by suspending the drop together with adding trace amounts of cations. The gaps tend to be filled, which makes the deposition bind more tightly. Analysis shows that gravity coordinates with the interactions that mediate the attraction between particles and the substrate, resulting in the coinstantaneous adsorption of all particles. This work adds another dimension to the suppression of CRE, improving the uniformity of deposition in complex systems and paving the way for the development of techniques in diverse manufacturing industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Sheng
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhening Fang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Haijun Yang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
- Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Haiping Fang
- School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Division of Interfacial Water and Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China
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21
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Giusti R, Lucchetta G. Cohesive Zone Modeling of the Interface Fracture in Full-Thermoplastic Hybrid Composites for Lightweight Application. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4459. [PMID: 38006183 PMCID: PMC10674973 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing demand for lightweight and high-performance materials in the automotive and aerospace industries, full-thermoplastic hybrid composites have emerged as a pivotal solution, offering enhanced mechanical properties and design flexibility. This work aims to numerically model the fracture strength in full-thermoplastic hybrid composites made by forming and overmolding organosheets. The mode I fracture was investigated by modeling the behavior of T-joint specimens under a tensile test following the cohesive zone modeling (CZM) approach. The sample was designed to replicate the connection between the laminate and the overmolded part. Double cantilever beam (DCB) specimens were manufactured with organosheets and tested to mode I opening to determine the interlaminar fracture toughness. The fracture toughness out of the mode I test with DCB specimens was used to define the CZM parameters that describe the traction-separation law. Later, due to the particular geometry of the T-join specimens that under tensile load work close to pure mode I, the cohesive parameters were determined by inverse analysis, i.e., calibrating the theoretical models to match experimental results. The fracture resistance T-joint specimens appeared dependent on the fiber-bridging phenomenon during the delamination. In particular, the presence of fiber-bridging visible from the experimental results has been replicated by virtual analyses, and it is observed that it leads to a higher energy value before the interface's complete breakage. Moreover, a correspondence between the mode I fracture toughness of the DCB specimen and T-joint specimens was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanni Lucchetta
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Via Venezia 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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22
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Miura T, Funada M, Shimoi Y, Morita H. Simulation Study of the Effect of Nanoporous Surfaces on the Adhesion Properties of Cross-Linked Polymer Networks. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:8496-8508. [PMID: 37733722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c03310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the effect of surface nanopores on the adhesion behavior between cross-linked polymer networks and metal substrates by molecular dynamics simulations. By increasing the cross-linking ratio of the polymer network, the fracture behavior in tensile mode changed from cohesive failure to interfacial failure. In the case of polymers without cross-links, the breaking strengths were almost the same for systems with flat and porous metal substrates. Conversely, in the case of cross-linked polymer networks, the tensile behavior for the porous metal substrates depended on the cross-linking ratio and structure of the polymer chains. For polymer networks consisting of long polymer chains, the force curves in extension mode before the yield points were almost the same for the systems regardless of the surface roughness caused by nanopores. Meanwhile, for highly cross-linked resin networks consisting of short rigid molecules, the yielding strength of the porous metal surfaces showed slightly higher values than that of the flat metal surfaces. The simulation results revealed that the adhesion behavior between cross-linked polymer networks and rough metal surfaces is related not only to the interfacial area but also to the detailed networking topology of the polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Miura
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Maki Funada
- Innovative Structural Materials Association (ISMA), AIST Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shimoi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Morita
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
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23
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Didangelou P, Dionysopoulos D, Papadopoulos C, Strakas D, Mourouzis P, Tolidis K. Evaluation of repair bond strength of a dental CAD/CAM resin composite after surface treatment with two Er,Cr:YSGG laser protocols following artificial aging. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 146:106101. [PMID: 37659166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.106101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of two Er,Cr:YSGG laser surface treatments on the repair bond strength of a dental CAD/CAM resin composite (Brilliant Crios) after artificial aging. Twenty-four resin-based CAD/CAM blocks were cut and 48 rectangular slabs (3 x 12 x 14 mm) were prepared. Preliminary SEM observations indicated the most favorable laser settings regarding surface modification of the tested restorative material. The CAD/CAM specimens were then divided into 4 groups (n=12) based on their surface pretreatment: no treatment, air abraded with 50-μm Al2O3 particles, and laser irradiated with two different protocols using Er,Cr:YSGG laser with average power 3.5 and 4.5 W, pulse repetition rate 35 and 50 Hz, and pulse energy 100 and 90 mJ, respectively. After surface treatments each group followed a bonding protocol with silane and a flowable resin composite was used to prepare 48 microrods. Half of the microrods of each group were subjected on shear bond strength (SBS) test (chisel-shaped blade, load cell of 500 N, crosshead speed of 1 mm/min) after 24 h, while the other half underwent artificial aging (15,000 cycles, 5-55 °C) and then SBS test. The debonded specimens were examined under an optical microscope to determine the failure mode. All specimens were also evaluated using SEM to assess the surface topography after the treatments. The results showed that SBS significantly decreased after thermocycling in all the experimental groups (p<0.05). Control group presented much lower SBS values than the other groups after both 24 h and thermocycling (p<0.05). The highest values of SBS exhibited air-abrasion group (p<0.05), followed by the two laser groups, which did not differ to each other (p>0.05). The results of the current study indicated that Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation can be an alternative treatment for repairing the tested resin-based CAD/CAM restorative material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlina Didangelou
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Dionysopoulos
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Constantinos Papadopoulos
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Strakas
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Petros Mourouzis
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kosmas Tolidis
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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24
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Liu Z, Lu Z, Zhang C, Lang H, Zhai X. Experiments on the Capillary Force of a Clam-Shell Droplet on Fibers by 3-D Model Reconstruction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:11520-11528. [PMID: 37561397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The capillary force is critical to the moving and breaking of droplets on fibers. This study brings forward a 3-D model reconstruction method for a clam-shell droplet on fibers and obtains the capillary force by the surface integral of Laplace pressure on the whole droplet. The capillary force results are verified by the droplet gravity and axial drag force, respectively. Moreover, the tensile tangential stresses are analyzed to illustrate the top limits of Laplace pressure against droplet breaking or sliding on the fiber. The experiment shows that the capillary force obtained by the 3-D model accurately describes the vertical and tangential forces of the clam-shell droplet on the fiber. Sharp shrinking of the cross-section on the droplet's upper part results in an exponential increase in tensile and tangential stresses, which makes the droplet break or move on the fiber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zezhao Lu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Chengwei Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Heng Lang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xin Zhai
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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25
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Luo J, Liu J, Xia H, Ao X, Yin H, Guo L. Surface Treatments for Enhancing the Bonding Strength of Aluminum Alloy Joints. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5674. [PMID: 37629965 PMCID: PMC10456362 DOI: 10.3390/ma16165674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum alloy adhesive bonding joint widely appears in many industrial products. Improving the mechanical performances of aluminum alloy bonding joints has been attracting much effort. To acquire more excellent bonding strength, this paper focused on the effects of different surface treatments, including laser ablation and milling superposed by phosphoric acid anodizing (PAA). The treated surfaces were characterized by roughness and contact angle, and the effects of the geometric parameters of microstructures on wettability, failure mode, and shear strength were examined. The results indicate that those surfaces where the spacing is smaller than the diameter present a hydrophilic property and the corresponding specimens are mainly subject to cohesive failure, and vice versa. Additionally, laser ablation with a properly designed dimple pattern can greatly improve the bonding strength, and the maximum average shear strength of specimens with a thickness of 50 μm reaches 32.82 MPa, which is an increase of 28.15% compared with the original milling specimen. Moreover, fabricating groove or grid patterns on the surfaces and applying PAA treatment can also significantly enhance the bonding strength, reaching up to 36.28 MPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Luo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (J.L.); (J.L.); (X.A.)
| | - Jianhua Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (J.L.); (J.L.); (X.A.)
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Tangshan 063015, China
| | - Huanxiong Xia
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (J.L.); (J.L.); (X.A.)
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Tangshan 063015, China
| | - Xiaohui Ao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (J.L.); (J.L.); (X.A.)
- Tangshan Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Tangshan 063015, China
| | - Haojie Yin
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (J.L.); (J.L.); (X.A.)
| | - Lei Guo
- Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing 100142, China
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26
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Jyske T, Liimatainen J, Tienaho J, Brännström H, Aoki D, Kuroda K, Reshamwala D, Kunnas S, Halmemies E, Nakayama E, Kilpeläinen P, Ora A, Kaseva J, Hellström J, Marjomäki VS, Karonen M, Fukushima K. Inspired by nature: Fiber networks functionalized with tannic acid and condensed tannin-rich extracts of Norway spruce bark show antimicrobial efficacy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1171908. [PMID: 37152647 PMCID: PMC10154533 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1171908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrated the antibacterial and antiviral potential of condensed tannins and tannic acid when incorporated into fiber networks tested for functional material purposes. Condensed tannins were extracted from industrial bark of Norway spruce by using pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE), followed by purification of extracts by using XADHP7 treatment to obtain sugar-free extract. The chemical composition of the extracts was analyzed by using HPLC, GC‒MS and UHPLC after thiolytic degradation. The test matrices, i.e., lignocellulosic handsheets, were produced and impregnated with tannin-rich extracts, and tannic acid was used as a commercial reference. The antibacterial and antiviral efficacy of the handsheets were analyzed by using bioluminescent bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus RN4220+pAT19 and Escherichia coli K12+pCGLS11) and Enterovirus coxsackievirus B3. Potential bonding of the tannin-rich extract and tannic acid within the fiber matrices was studied by using FTIR-ATR spectroscopy. The deposition characteristics (distribution and accumulation patterns) of tannin compounds and extracts within fiber networks were measured and visualized by direct chemical mapping using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and digital microscopy. Our results demonstrated for the first time, how tannin-rich extracts obtained from spruce bark side streams with green chemistry possess antiviral and antibacterial properties when immobilized into fiber matrices to create substitutes for plastic hygienic products, personal protection materials such as surgical face masks, or food packaging materials to prolong the shelf life of foodstuffs and prevent the spread of infections. However, more research is needed to further develop this proof-of-concept to ensure stable chemical bonding in product prototypes with specific chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuula Jyske
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Liimatainen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenni Tienaho
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Brännström
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Teknologiakatu 7, Kokkola, Finland
| | - Dan Aoki
- Department of Forest and Environmental Resources Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsushi Kuroda
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Dhanik Reshamwala
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Susan Kunnas
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Ounasjoentie 6, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Eelis Halmemies
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Eiko Nakayama
- Department of Environmental Science Design, Showa Women’s University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Petri Kilpeläinen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ari Ora
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janne Kaseva
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Myllytie 1, Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Jarkko Hellström
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Myllytie 1, Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Varpu S. Marjomäki
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Maarit Karonen
- Natural Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kazuhiko Fukushima
- Department of Forest and Environmental Resources Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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27
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Yang L, Wang Z, Wang H, Jin B, Meng C, Chen X, Li R, Wang H, Xin M, Zhao Z, Guo S, Wu J, Cheng H. Self-Healing, Reconfigurable, Thermal-Switching, Transformative Electronics for Health Monitoring. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2207742. [PMID: 36719993 PMCID: PMC10391699 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soft, deformable electronic devices provide the means to monitor physiological information and health conditions for disease diagnostics. However, their practical utility is limited due to the lack of intrinsical thermal switching for mechanically transformative adaptability and self-healing capability against mechanical damages. Here, the design concepts, materials and physics, manufacturing approaches, and application opportunities of self-healing, reconfigurable, thermal-switching device platforms based on hyperbranched polymers and biphasic liquid metal are reported. The former provides excellent self-healing performance and unique tunable stiffness and adhesion regulated by temperature for the on-skin switch, whereas the latter results in liquid metal circuits with extreme stretchability (>900%) and high conductivity (3.40 × 104 S cm-1 ), as well as simple recycling capability. Triggered by the increased temperature from the skin surface, a multifunctional device platform can conveniently conform and strongly adhere to the hierarchically textured skin surface for non-invasive, continuous, comfortable health monitoring. Additionally, the self-healing and adhesive characteristics allow multiple multifunctional circuit components to assemble and completely wrap on 3D curvilinear surfaces. Together, the design, manufacturing, and proof-of-concept demonstration of the self-healing, transformative, and self-assembled electronics open up new opportunities for robust soft deformable devices, smart robotics, prosthetics, and Internet-of-Things, and human-machine interfaces on irregular surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Biqiang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chuizhou Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Xue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics and Neuroengineering of Hebei Province, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Runze Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics and Neuroengineering of Hebei Province, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - He Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Mingyang Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Zeshang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Shijie Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Human-Robot Interaction, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Jinrong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Huanyu Cheng
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA
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28
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Hubmann M, Groten J, Pletz M, Grießer T, Plevová K, Nemitz W, Stadlober B. Influence of Injection Molding Parameters on the Peel Strength between Plasma-Treated Fluoropolymer Films and Polycarbonate. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061568. [PMID: 36987347 PMCID: PMC10056261 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Light guiding is used to direct light from an emitting source to a different location. It is frequently realized through a clad-core structure with a difference in the refractive index of the materials. This paper explores the possibility of combining a fluoropolymer (THV) film of low refractive index, serving as a cladding layer, with a polycarbonate (PC) core, via injection molding. Pristine THV lacks adherence to the PC. However, when treated with O2 plasma prior to overmolding, bonding can be established that was quantified in peel tests. The effect of this surface treatment was further investigated by adjusting the plasma treatment duration and time to overmolding. Furthermore, parameter studies comprising the four molding parameters, namely packing pressure, injection speed, melt temperature, and mold temperature, were performed. Numerical injection molding simulations assessed the prevailing temperatures at the PC-THV boundary. Consequently, the temperature-time integral could be calculated and linked with the measured peel strengths by fitting a proportionality constant. While the plasma treatment duration showed minor influence, the activation diminished with time, halving the measured peel loads within 24 h. The adhesion was experimentally found to increase with a lower packing pressure, faster injection speed, and higher melt and mold temperature. Those same molding relations influencing the peel loads were also found with the temperature-time integral when scaled by the proportionality constant in the simulations (R2=85%). Apparently, adhesion is added by molding settings which promote higher interface temperatures that prevail for longer. Hereby, the faster injection speed increases the melt temperature through shear heating. A higher packing pressure, in contrast, presumably increases the heat transfer at the PC-THV interface, accelerating the cooling. The measured peel loads were 0.3-1.6 N/mm for plasma-treated samples and nearly zero for pristine THV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hubmann
- Polymer Processing, Department of Polymer Engineering and Science, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Jonas Groten
- Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Franz-Pichler Str. 30, 8160 Weiz, Austria
| | - Martin Pletz
- Designing Plastics and Composite Materials, Department of Polymer Engineering and Science, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Thomas Grießer
- Chemistry of Polymeric Materials, Department of Polymer Engineering and Science, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Kateřina Plevová
- Materials Science and Testing of Polymers, Department of Polymer Engineering and Science, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Nemitz
- Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Franz-Pichler Str. 30, 8160 Weiz, Austria
| | - Barbara Stadlober
- Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Franz-Pichler Str. 30, 8160 Weiz, Austria
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29
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Aizawa M, Akiyama H, Yamamoto T, Matsuzawa Y. Photo-and Heat-Induced Dismantlable Adhesion Interfaces Prepared by Layer-by-Layer Deposition. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:2771-2778. [PMID: 36749649 PMCID: PMC9948544 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of a dismantlable adhesion technology that allows switching between bonding and debonding states using external stimuli is important for realizing renewable and sustainable material cycles. Controlling the adhesion interface is an effective approach to manipulate the adhesion strength; however, research on dismantlable systems focusing on the interface has not been proceeded. Recently, we demonstrated a novel dismantlable system based on a stimuli-responsive molecular layer comprising cleavable anthracene dimers, which strengthen the initial adhesive force by forming chemical bonds between the substrate and adhesive and can be dismantled when required via stimulation-induced bond breaking. Here, we evaluate the use of the anthracene-based molecular layer with different components for verifying its versatility in the adhesive/dismantling system. The formation of the cleavable molecular layer by the stacking of relevant molecules enabled its usage with two types of adhesives, an epoxy adhesive and a silane-modified polymer adhesive. The initial adhesive strengths were improved in both types of molecular layers by creating chemical bonds at the adhesion interfaces. Light irradiation or heating stimuli for 1 min reduced the peel strength by up to 65%, and dismantling occurred in the cleavable photodimer layer. This study expands the versatile applicability of the molecular layer-based dismantling system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Aizawa
- Research
Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
- Laboratory
for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-12, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
- Department
of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo
Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- PRESTO,
JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Akiyama
- Nanomaterials
Research Institute, National Institute of
Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamamoto
- Research
Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yoko Matsuzawa
- Research
Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
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30
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Rodríguez MDP, Vázquez‐Vélez E, Galván‐Hernández A, Martinez H, Torres A. Surface modification of the Nylon 6,6 and wasted glass fiber‐Nylon 6.6 coatings using atmospheric plasma treatment. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María del Pilar Rodríguez
- Instituto de Ciencias Físicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuernavaca Morelos México
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería (FCQeI) UAEMor Cuernavaca Mexico
| | - Edna Vázquez‐Vélez
- Instituto de Ciencias Físicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuernavaca Morelos México
| | - Arturo Galván‐Hernández
- Instituto de Ciencias Físicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuernavaca Morelos México
| | - Horacio Martinez
- Instituto de Ciencias Físicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Cuernavaca Morelos México
| | - Alvaro Torres
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería (FCQeI) UAEMor Cuernavaca Mexico
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31
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An Adhesion Improvement of Low-Density Polyethylene to Aluminum through Modification with Functionalized Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040916. [PMID: 36850200 PMCID: PMC9960869 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
An interfacial adhesion improvement between low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and aluminum (Al) foil is an important challenge in designing multilayered packaging (TetraPak packaging type) due to insufficient inherent adhesion between both untreated materials. Therefore, extra adhesive layers are often used. The hydrophobic character of LDPE is responsible for poor adhesion to Al and can result in delamination. This study deals with the comparative study of the bulk modification of LDPE with various commercially available adhesive promoters with different chemical compositions to increase LDPE's adhesive characteristics and ensure good adhesion in LDPE/Al laminates. A copolymer of ethylene and methacrylic acid; a terpolymer of ethylene, maleic anhydride, and acrylic ester; or maleated polyethylene (PE) were used as adhesive promoters, and their effect on adhesion improvement of LDPE to Al was investigated. The best adhesion improvement was observed in LDPE-modified samples with maleated PE, while 0.1 wt.% additive content significantly increased peel resistance (from zero to 105 N/m). An additional increase in additive content (0.5 wt.%) in LDPE led to stronger adhesion forces than the cohesion forces in Al foil. Adding 0.5 wt.% of maleated PE into LDPE improved the LDPE/Al laminates' adhesion and can be applied in multilayered lamination applications.
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Suganuma Y, Elliott JA. Effect of Varying Stiffness and Functionalization on the Interfacial Failure Behavior of Isotactic Polypropylene on Hydroxylated γ-Al 2O 3 by MD Simulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:6133-6141. [PMID: 36661301 PMCID: PMC9906630 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c19593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on polymer-metal joints consisting of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) or iPP grafted with maleic anhydride (iPP-g-MA) and hydroxylated γ-Al2O3, which is a model for an oxidized aluminum surface, and investigates the contributions of the Young's moduli of iPP and iPP-g-MA and chemical functionality (MA groups) in iPP-g-MA to the interfacial failure behaviors using the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method. First, our calculations demonstrated that the tensile strength observed in interfacial failures of the joints increases as Young's modulus of the polymer in the joints increases. This is because a higher stiffness makes it harder for a void to form within the polymer matrix under the applied tensile strain and to reach the interface. Second, in iPP-g-MA-γ-Al2O3 joints, MA groups work more effectively to improve the interfacial strength as the Young's modulus of the polymer in the joints increases. For iPP-g-MA with a lower Young's modulus, the polymer molecules are pulled off the surface in a peel mode with increasing normal strain due to their greater flexibility. This results in a gradual removal of the MA groups and thus reduces their contribution. Meanwhile, for a higher Young's modulus, iPP-g-MA molecules at the interface are removed in a tensile mode because of their increased stiffness. This leads to more MA groups required to be detached from the surface at the same time to cause interfacial failure, thus increasing the contributions of the MA groups.
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Electrically Detaching Behavior and Mechanism of Ionic Conductive Adhesives. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-023-2913-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Yari MR, Zakerhamidi MS, Ghomi H. Plasma immobilization of azobenzene dye on polyamide 6 polymer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:983. [PMID: 36653399 PMCID: PMC9849228 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma treatment of polymeric materials is a cost-effective and efficient technique to modify the surface and change the constituent unit configuration. This research investigates the effects of argon DC glow discharge plasma on pure and DR1 dye-loaded polyamide 6 polymer films and stabilization of dye on the surface. Plasma breaks some bonds and activates the surface through creating reactive structures such as free radical sites on the surface and increases tertiary amides on the surface of polymer. Besides, this process alters surface topographical characteristics and conformation of azobenzene dye which are effective on the durability of the dye on the surface. Plasma causes interactions of the dye with the polymer and immobilizes the dye on the polymer. On the other hand, these interactions lead to changes in the dye's optical and geometric isomeric activity and stability. This work studies the chemical and morphological changes of polyamide 6 by plasma with AFM and spectroscopic methods. Furthermore, the aging of nylon 6 films loaded with DR1 dye is measured, and the conformational changes of the dye are investigated. Plasma stabilizes the dye on the polymer surface through making changes of chemical and physical properties on the surface components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Yari
- grid.412502.00000 0001 0686 4748Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Zakerhamidi
- grid.412831.d0000 0001 1172 3536Faculty of Physics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran ,grid.412831.d0000 0001 1172 3536Research Institute for Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran ,grid.412831.d0000 0001 1172 3536Photonics Center of Excellence, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghomi
- grid.412502.00000 0001 0686 4748Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Togo H, Terada K, Ujitsugu A, Hirose Y, Takeuchi H, Kusunoki M. Fabrication Scaffold with High Dimensional Control for Spheroids with Undifferentiated iPS Cell Properties. Cells 2023; 12:278. [PMID: 36672213 PMCID: PMC9857117 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Spheroids are expected to aid the establishment of an in vitro-based cell culture system that can realistically reproduce cellular dynamics in vivo. We developed a fluoropolymer scaffold with an extracellular matrix (ECM) dot array and confirmed the possibility of mass-producing spheroids with uniform dimensions. Controlling the quality of ECM dots is important as it ensures spheroid uniformity, but issues such as pattern deviation and ECM drying persist in the conventional microstamping method. In this study, these problems were overcome via ECM dot printing using a resin mask with dot-patterned holes. For dot diameters of φ 300 μm, 400 μm, and 600 μm, the average spheroid diameters of human iPS cells (hiPSCs) were φ 260.8 μm, 292.4 μm, and 330.7 μm, respectively. The standard deviation when each average was normalized to 100 was 14.1%. A high throughput of 89.9% for colony formation rate to the number of dots and 89.3% for spheroid collection rate was achieved. The cells proliferated on ECM dots, and the colonies could be naturally detached from the scaffold without the use of enzymes, so there was almost no stimulation of the cells. Thus, the undifferentiated nature of hiPSCs was maintained until day 4. Therefore, this method is expected to be useful in drug discovery and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetaka Togo
- Graduate School of Biology-Oriented-Science and Technology, Kindai University, 930 Nishimitani, Kinokawa 649-6493, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kento Terada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Mie, Japan
| | - Akira Ujitsugu
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented-Science and Technology, Kindai University, 930 Nishimitani, Kinokawa 649-6493, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yudai Hirose
- Graduate School of Biology-Oriented-Science and Technology, Kindai University, 930 Nishimitani, Kinokawa 649-6493, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takeuchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Mie, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kusunoki
- Graduate School of Biology-Oriented-Science and Technology, Kindai University, 930 Nishimitani, Kinokawa 649-6493, Wakayama, Japan
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented-Science and Technology, Kindai University, 930 Nishimitani, Kinokawa 649-6493, Wakayama, Japan
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Ciferri A. Molecular recognition at interfaces. Adhesion, wetting and bond scrambling. Front Chem 2022; 10:1088613. [PMID: 36590277 PMCID: PMC9799255 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1088613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The quantitative description of the supramolecular interaction occurring at the adhesion surfaces of different polymers has enabled elaborate dissections of contributions to cohesive and surface energies. An alternative analysis is proposed here based on solubility parameters and binding constants that traditionally describe the weakest and relatively larger association energies in polymer blends. The article emphasizes a feature of supramolecular polymers that has not received adequate consideration: The dynamic bond scrambling that allows a most efficient molecular recognition over significant areas of synthetic and biological surfaces.
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Koga H, Yokoyama S, Motomiya K, Yokoyama K, Takahashi H. Adhesive Cu–Ag core-shell nanowires on polymer-coated glass substrates for fabricating transparent conductive films with durability against spin coating. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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38
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Ritsema van Eck G, Kiens EM, Veldscholte LB, Brió Pérez M, de Beer S. Vapor Swelling of Polymer Brushes Compared to Nongrafted Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:13763-13770. [PMID: 36331903 PMCID: PMC9671043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Polymer brushes, coatings of polymers covalently end-grafted to a surface, have been proposed as a more stable alternative to traditional physisorbed coatings. However, when such coatings are applied in settings such as vapor sensing and gas separation technologies, their responsiveness to solvent vapors becomes an important consideration. It can be anticipated that the end-anchoring in polymer brushes reduces the translational entropy of the polymers and instead introduces an entropic penalty against stretching when vapor is absorbed. Therefore, swelling can be expected to be diminished in brushes compared to nongrafted films. Here, we study the effect of the anchoring-constraint on vapor sorption in polymer coatings using coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations as well as humidity-controlled ellipsometry on chemically identical polymer brushes and nongrafted films. We find a qualitative agreement between simulations and experiments, with both indicating that brushes certainly swell less than physisorbed films, although this effect is minor for common grafting densities. Our results imply that polymer brushes indeed hold great potential for the intended applications.
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Yu H, Feng Y, Chen C, Zhang H, Peng L, Qin M, Feng W. Highly Thermally Conductive Adhesion Elastomer Enhanced by Vertically Aligned Folded Graphene. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201331. [PMID: 36251921 PMCID: PMC9685443 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Heat and stress transfer at an interface are crucial for the contact-based tactile sensing to measure the temperature, morphology, and modulus. However, fabricating a smart sensing material that combines high thermal conductivity, elasticity, and good adhesion is challenging. In this study, a composite is fabricated using a directional template of vertically aligned folded graphene (VAFG) and a copolymer matrix of poly-2-[[(butylamino)carbonyl]oxy]ethyl ester and polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl-end-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (poly(PBAx-ran-PDMS)). With optimized chemical cross-linking and supermolecular interactions, the poly(PBA-ran-PDMS)/VAFG exhibits high thermal conductivity (15.49 W m-1 K-1 ), an high elastic deformation, and an interfacial adhesion of up to 6500 N m-1 . Poly(PBA-ran-PDMS)/VAFG is highly sensitive to temperature and pressure and demonstrates a self-learning capacity for manipulator applications. The smart manipulator can distinguish and selectively capture unknown materials in the dark. Thermally conductive, elastic, and adhesive poly(PBA-ran-PDMS)/VAFG can be developed into core materials in intelligent soft robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huitao Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300350P. R. China
| | - Yiyu Feng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300350P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and MoldMinistry of EducationZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450002P. R. China
| | - Can Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300350P. R. China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300350P. R. China
| | - Lianqiang Peng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300350P. R. China
| | - Mengmeng Qin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300350P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300350P. R. China
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Glow discharge plasma stabilization of azo dye on PMMA polymer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18358. [PMID: 36319721 PMCID: PMC9626643 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21855-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of argon gas glow discharge plasma on the surface of DR1 dye-loaded PMMA polymer films are examined in this work. Plasma immobilizes the dye on the surface of polymer without using stabilizers. Argon plasma activates the surface through breaking some bonds and generation of radical sites. It affects the acrylate groups of PMMA leading to covalent bonds between dye and surface of polymer. In addition, plasma treatment and contact with ambient air may result in the creation of new polar components, such as carbonyl and carboxyl compounds and links that enhance the dye attachment to the polymer matrix. Besides, the dye adsorption on the polymer film is impacted by changes in surface topography. Furthermore, plasma modifies the dye conformation, which affects the adherence of the dye to the polymer surface through bringing the dye to the higher energy state. The chemical and topographical modification of dye-loaded PMMA films by plasma are investigated by spectroscopic and AFM methods. Furthermore, aging process was used to confirm dye retention on the polymer film after plasma modification as opposed to dye-loaded polymer film that was left untreated as a reference sample. Finally, investigated method suggests a novel and very affordable technique for fabrication of poly(MMA-co-DR1) copolymer in the form of a homogeneous surface layer.
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Sánchez-Balderas G, Velázquez JDH, Pérez E. Dependence of the Liquid Polarity in the Wetting of Rough Surface: An Effective Surface Tension Approach. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:12804-12812. [PMID: 36250725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Liquid and surface polarities play an important role in wetting phenomena, and this should still be true if the surface is rough. We analyze the wetting of high-polar and low-polar liquids on rough low-polar surfaces made of polystyrene. The experimental results are analyzed by the surface tension components (STC) and the equation-of-state (EQS) approaches. Both approaches predicted a clear increase of the contact angle (CA) with the surface roughness for high-polar liquids, but they failed for low-polar liquids: STC calculations produce the wrong tendency in the total solid surface energy, and EQS is not able to fit the data for these liquids. These results show that low-polar liquids show little dependence on the roughness of a low-polar surface, while high-polar liquids are very sensitive to it. As a consequence, the calculated CAs are close to experimental values only for the high-polar liquids, while there are great differences for low-polarity liquids. Both STC and EQS approaches are able to describe the apparent CAs on polystyrene rough surfaces by using effective surface and interfacial tensions, but their effectiveness is limited to high-polarity liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sánchez-Balderas
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Álvaro Obregón 64, 78000San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - J D Hernández Velázquez
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Álvaro Obregón 64, 78000San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Elías Pérez
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Álvaro Obregón 64, 78000San Luis Potosí, Mexico
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Bakr M, Hubmann M, Bossuyt F, Vanfleteren J. A Study on Over-Molded Copper-Based Flexible Electronic Circuits. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1751. [PMID: 36296104 PMCID: PMC9611355 DOI: 10.3390/mi13101751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Over-molding has been proposed in recent years as an integrated functional flexible circuit board in a plastic part. This method uses the conventional process for film insert technology. Over-molding has attracted significant attention across many industries due to its potential to deliver different electrical functions in a variety of different part geometries, especially in automotive interiors and home appliances. While it has great application potential, manufacturing challenges continue throughout foil fabrication and injection molding. This raises challenges for designers and researchers responsible for maintaining the reliability of such electronic flexible circuits. Therefore, the purpose of this research paper is to improve some of the over-molding process parameters. On 0805 and 1206 over-molded zero-ohm resistors, electrical, mechanical, and failure characterization was performed. Those components were mounted in parallel, perpendicular, and 45° angled arrangements on two different polymer substrates, polyimide (PI) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using lead-free solder, low-melt solder, and conductive adhesive paste. Moreover, as an over-molding material, polycarbonate (PC) with medium viscosity was used. The effect of using different mold shapes (corner mold, 2 mm flat mold, and 3 mm flat mold) and injection molding process parameters (injection speeds and melt temperature) was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Bakr
- Center for Microsystems Technology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martin Hubmann
- Department of Polymer Engineering and Science, Polymer Processing, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Frederick Bossuyt
- Center for Microsystems Technology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Vanfleteren
- Center for Microsystems Technology, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
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43
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Si Z, Wu H, Qin P, Van der Bruggen B. Polydimethylsiloxane based membranes for biofuels pervaporation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Study on βTCP/P(3HB) Scaffolds-Physicochemical Properties and Biological Performance in Low Oxygen Concentration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911587. [PMID: 36232889 PMCID: PMC9569667 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for new materials for bone regenerative purposes is still ongoing. Therefore, we present a series of newly constructed composites based on β tricalcium phosphate (βTCP) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) bacteria-derived biopolymer (P(3HB)) in the form of 3D scaffolds with different pore sizes. To improve the polymer attachment to the βTCP surface, the etching of ceramic sinters, using citric acid, was applied. As expected, pre-treatment led to the increase in surface roughness and the creation of micropores facilitating polymer adhesion. In this way, the durability and compressive strength of the ceramic-polymer scaffolds were enhanced. It was confirmed that P(3HB) degrades to 3-hydroxybutyric acid, which broadens applications of developed materials in bone tissue engineering as this compound can potentially nourish surrounding tissues and reduce osteoporosis. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, it is one of the first studies where the impact of βTCP/P(3HB) scaffolds on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), cultured in lowered (5%) oxygen concentration, was assessed. It was decided to use a 5% oxygen concentration in the culture to mimic the conditions that would be found in damaged bone in a living organism during regeneration. Scaffolds enabled cell migration and sufficient flow of the culture medium, ensuring high cell viability. Furthermore, in composites with etched βTCP, the MSCs adhesion was facilitated by hydrophilic ceramic protrusions which reduced hydrophobicity. The developed materials are potential candidates for bone tissue regeneration. Nevertheless, to confirm this hypothesis, in vivo studies should be performed.
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Heilig M, Kraus E, Hochrein T, Bastian M. Charakterisierung und Qualitätssicherung von Oberflächenvorbehandlungen auf Kunststoffbauteilen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202200073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Heilig
- SKZ – Das Kunststoff-Zentrum Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 22 97076 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Eduard Kraus
- SKZ – Das Kunststoff-Zentrum Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 22 97076 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Thomas Hochrein
- SKZ – Das Kunststoff-Zentrum Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 22 97076 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Martin Bastian
- SKZ – Das Kunststoff-Zentrum Friedrich-Bergius-Ring 22 97076 Würzburg Deutschland
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46
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Dabees S, Mirzaei S, Kaspar P, Holcman V, Sobola D. Characterization and Evaluation of Engineered Coating Techniques for Different Cutting Tools-Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:5633. [PMID: 36013769 PMCID: PMC9415707 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Coatings are now frequently used on cutting tool inserts in the metal production sector due to their better wear resistance and heat barrier effect. Protective hard coatings with a thickness of a few micrometers are created on cutting tools using physical or chemical vapor deposition (PVD, CVD) to increase their application performance. Different coating materials are utilized for a wide range of cutting applications, generally in bi-or multilayer stacks, and typically belong to the material classes of nitrides, carbides, carbonitrides, borides, boronitrides, or oxides. The current study examines typical hard coatings deposited by PVD and CVD in the corresponding material classes. The present state of research is reviewed, and pioneering work on this subject as well as recent results leading to the construction of complete "synthesis-structure-property-application performance" correlations of the different coatings are examined. When compared to uncoated tools, tool coatings prevent direct contact between the workpiece and the tool substrate, altering cutting temperature and machining performance. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of cutting-zone temperatures on multilayer coating characteristics during the metal-cutting process. Simplified summary and comparisons of various coating types on cutting tools based on distinct deposition procedures. Furthermore, existing and prospective issues for the hard coating community are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Dabees
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Saeed Mirzaei
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Fraunhofer IWS, DE-01277 Dresden, Germany
| | - Pavel Kaspar
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2848/8, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Holcman
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2848/8, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dinara Sobola
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2848/8, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Academy of Sciences ČR, Institute of Physics of Materials, Žižkova 22, 616 62 Brno, Czech Republic
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Synthetic growth by self-lubricated photopolymerization and extrusion inspired by plants and fungi. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2201776119. [PMID: 35943987 PMCID: PMC9388119 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2201776119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth in nature often couples material generation and actuation, offering an intriguing paradigm for the marriage of materials science and robotics. Inspired by the growth of plants and fungi, a new approach for synthetic materials growth was developed based on simultaneous self-lubricated photopolymerization and extrusion. This strategy enables a new continuous method for light-based fabrication of profiled parts not possible with state-of-the-art three-dimensional (3D) printing or other methods. We exploit this materials growth paradigm to produce a soft robot capable of rapid continuous growth, thereby addressing major limitations of growing soft robots that stem from limited extensibility, lack of permanent structure, and inability to negotiate torturous paths, demonstrating the potential of growth to provide new capabilities in manufacturing and soft robotics. Many natural organisms, such as fungal hyphae and plant roots, grow at their tips, enabling the generation of complex bodies composed of natural materials as well as dexterous movement and exploration. Tip growth presents an exemplary process by which materials synthesis and actuation are coupled, providing a blueprint for how growth could be realized in a synthetic system. Herein, we identify three underlying principles essential to tip-based growth of biological organisms: a fluid pressure driving force, localized polymerization for generating structure, and fluid-mediated transport of constituent materials. In this work, these evolved features inspire a synthetic materials growth process called extrusion by self-lubricated interface photopolymerization (E-SLIP), which can continuously fabricate solid profiled polymer parts with tunable mechanical properties from liquid precursors. To demonstrate the utility of E-SLIP, we create a tip-growing soft robot, outline its fundamental governing principles, and highlight its capabilities for growth at speeds up to 12 cm/min and lengths up to 1.5 m. This growing soft robot is capable of executing a range of tasks, including exploration, burrowing, and traversing tortuous paths, which highlight the potential for synthetic growth as a platform for on-demand manufacturing of infrastructure, exploration, and sensing in a variety of environments.
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Wilson O, Borrelli DJ, Magenau AJD. Simple and Rapid Adhesion of Commodity Polymer Substrates under Ambient Conditions Using Complexed Alkylboranes. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:28636-28645. [PMID: 35990443 PMCID: PMC9387130 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Adhesives are ubiquitous in manufacturing spanning nearly all sectors from healthcare and photovoltaics to aerospace and electronics. Yet many commercial polymers remain challenging to adhere, necessitating either pretreatment, mechanical fastening, or adhesive processes that involve specialized equipment, high temperature/vacuum, and long cure times. Thus, rapid-cure adhesives for polymers that can set under ambient conditions using simple procedures are desirous because they offer cost savings, faster production, and greater design freedom to producers. Herein, we report a powerful adhesive platform that bonds a wide scope of commodity polymers via (hydrogen) atom transfer and free-radical (graft) polymerization initiated with a trialkylborane-ligand complex and isocyanate decomplexing agent. The developed adhesive formulation is air-stable, bulk, and operates in air at room temperature using a high-glass-transition temperature polyacrylate, i.e., poly(isobornyl acrylate). The alkylborane-initiated bonding process is rapid (∼30 min), requires minimal surface preparation (cleaning and mild roughening), and successfully bonds seven diverse substrates including polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, nylon, polymethylmethacrylate, and polyvinylchloride. This contribution uniquely investigates the process-property relationships for the adhesive formulation, lap-shear performance, mechanism of failure, and a reactive additive for enhancing the adhesive's glass-transition temperature to ∼120 °C (polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane or POSS) to widen its operation temperature. We envision that the reported alkylborane-initiated adhesion platform could hold promise in the automotive, aerospace, and marine sectors as means for rapid manufacturing and structural adhesion.
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Rudawska A, Miturska-Barańska I, Doluk E, Olewnik-Kruszkowska E. Assessment of Surface Treatment Degree of Steel Sheets in the Bonding Process. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15155158. [PMID: 35897588 PMCID: PMC9331830 DOI: 10.3390/ma15155158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the paper is to determine the influence of the surface treatment on the adhesive properties of steel sheet surfaces and the strength of the adhesive joints of steel sheets. The paper also aims to assess the degree of steel sheets’ surface treatment in the bonding process. Due to the many methods of surface treatment and types of materials, the assessment of the surface treatment method is extremely important in adhesive processes. Two variants of the surface treatment were used: without a paint coating and with a paint coating, divided into two groups (without degreasing and with degreasing). Additionally, in the case of the analysis of the steel samples without the paint coating, mechanical treatment was applied. Two-component epoxy adhesive, prepared on the basis of bisphenol A and a polyamide curing agent, was used to prepare the single-lap adhesive joints of the steel sheets. The tests determined: (i) the adhesive properties of the steel sheets’ surface based on the measurement of the contact angle of polar and apolar liquids (including wettability, work of adhesion, and surface free energy), (ii) surface roughness parameters (PN EN ISO 4287), and (iii) mechanical properties (load capacity and shear strength) of the steel sheets’ adhesive joints (EN DIN 1465). Contact angle measurements of the steel sheet surfaces showed that the polar liquid better reflects the obtained strength results of the analyzed adhesive joints than the apolar liquid. Furthermore, better wettability of the surface of steel sheets with both polar and apolar liquids was obtained for samples whose surface was subjected to degreasing. It can also be concluded that the wettability of the surface can be used as one of the indicators of the degree of the surface treatment for the bonding process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rudawska
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36 St., 20-618 Lublin, Poland; (I.M.-B.); (E.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-53-84-232
| | - Izabela Miturska-Barańska
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36 St., 20-618 Lublin, Poland; (I.M.-B.); (E.D.)
| | - Elżbieta Doluk
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36 St., 20-618 Lublin, Poland; (I.M.-B.); (E.D.)
| | - Ewa Olewnik-Kruszkowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarin 7 St., 87-200 Toruń, Poland;
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Gomez-Maldonado D, Reynolds AM, Burnett DJ, Babu RJ, Waters MN, Peresin MS. Delignified wood aerogels as scaffolds coated with an oriented chitosan-cyclodextrin co-polymer for removal of microcystin-LR. RSC Adv 2022; 12:20330-20339. [PMID: 35919592 PMCID: PMC9278526 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03556a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano-porous aerogels are an advantageous approach to produce low-density materials with high surface area, particularly when using biobased materials. Frequently, most biobased aerogels are synthesized through a bottom-up approach, which requires high energy inputs to break and rebuild the raw materials, and for elimination of water. To curb this, this work focused on generating aerogels by a top-down approach through the delignification of a wood substrate while eliminating water by solvent exchange. To diversify the surface chemistry for use in water treatment, the delignified wood-nanowood-was coated with a chitosan-cyclodextrin co-polymer and tested in the capture of microcystin-LR. The generated nanowood structure had 75% porosity after coating, with up to 339% water swelling and an adsorption capacity of 0.12 mg g-1 of the microcystin. This top-down technique enables the generation of low-cost aerogels by reducing steps, using a biobased self-assembled coating with hydrophobic active sites, and avoiding costly energetic input.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gomez-Maldonado
- Forest Products Development Center, College of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, Auburn University Auburn AL 36849 USA
| | - Autumn Marie Reynolds
- Forest Products Development Center, College of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, Auburn University Auburn AL 36849 USA
| | | | | | - Matthew N Waters
- Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University Auburn AL 36849 USA
| | - Maria S Peresin
- Forest Products Development Center, College of Forestry, Wildlife and Environment, Auburn University Auburn AL 36849 USA
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