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Rousis GJ, Martel FA, Bosson JK, Swann WB. Behind the Blackpill: Self-Verification and Identity Fusion Predict Endorsement of Violence Against Women Among Self-Identified Incels. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2024; 50:1531-1545. [PMID: 37070745 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231166481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Incels (involuntary celibates) have advocated for and even enacted violence against women. We explored two mechanisms that may underly incels' actions: identity fusion and self-verification. Study 1 (n = 155) revealed stronger identity fusion (deep alignment) with the ingroup among men active in online incel communities compared to men active in other male-dominated groups. Study 2 (n = 113) showed that feeling self-verified by other incels predicted fusion with incels; fusion, in turn, predicted endorsement of past and future violence toward women. Study 3 (n = 283; preregistered) replicated the indirect effects from Study 2 and extended them by linking fusion to online harassment of women. All indirect effects were particularly strong among self-identified incels high in narcissism. We discuss the synergistic links between self-verification and identity fusion in fostering extreme behaviors and identify directions for future research.
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Saling LL, Phillips JG, Cohen DB. Accuracy-sensitisation promotes the sharing of pro- (but not anti-) vaccine information. Psychol Health 2024; 39:1540-1554. [PMID: 36815337 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2023.2179053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated (i) factors predicting the seeking and sharing of vaccinerelated information, and (ii) the effect of an accuracy-sensitisation prime on sharing intentions. Design:This was a preregistered online survey with 213 participants. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (who were exposed to an accuracy-sensitisation prime) or a control group. DESIGN This was a preregistered online survey with 213 participants. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (who were exposed to an accuracy-sensitisation prime) or a control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Measures included decision-making style, COVID-19 anxiety, and percentages of pro and anti-vaccine friends. We also measured preferences to seek pro or anti-vaccine-related information and sharing intentions with respect to this information. RESULTS Compared with those seeking both pro and anti-vaccine information, participants seeking only pro-vaccine information had lower hypervigilance and buck-passing and higher COVID-19 anxiety. The likelihood of sharing anti-vaccine information was positively predicted by the percentage of one's anti-vaccine friends, the size of one's social network, and conservative political orientation. Conversely, the likelihood of sharing pro-vaccine information was positively predicted by the percentage of one's pro-vaccine friends, and liberal political orientation. Participants sensitised to accuracy were significantly more likely to share provaccine information; however, accuracy-sensitisation had no effect on anti-vaccine information sharing. CONCLUSIONS Individuals who seek anti-vaccine information have a tendency towards disorganised and impulsive decision-making. Accuracy-sensitisation may prime people to internalise a norm promoting truth-sharing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren L Saling
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - James G Phillips
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Daniel B Cohen
- School of Social Work and Arts, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
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Korkut S, Altıntaş M. The Frequency of Health Anxiety, Coronavirus Anxiety and Anxiety Disorder in Patients With Tinnitus During the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Impact of Pandemic on Tinnitus. Clin Otolaryngol 2024; 49:725-732. [PMID: 38940211 DOI: 10.1111/coa.14196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the frequency of anxiety disorder, coronavirus anxiety and health anxiety in tinnitus patients during the pandemic and also, determined the psychophysiological impact of COVID-19 on tinnitus. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary central pandemic hospital from 15 July 2021 to 15 December 2022. In total, 124 patients with tinnitus and 77 healthy controls participated in the study. The sociodemographic data, a set of valid and reliable assessment instruments were used to measure outcomes of anxiety disorder, coronavirus anxiety, health anxiety and severity of tinnitus. RESULTS Patients with tinnitus were found to experience higher levels of coronavirus anxiety, health anxiety and anxiety disorder than controls (p < 0.05). In tinnitus patients, the frequency of coronavirus anxiety was 22.6% and anxiety disorder was 18.5%. Notably, the levels of tinnitus severity were moderate to severe in more than half of the patients (51.6%) and also most of them (81.3%) reported that the severity of tinnitus during the pandemic was higher compared with the pre-pandemic. CONCLUSION Tinnitus patients had high levels of anxiety disorder, coronavirus anxiety and health anxiety. In line with these findings, it was evaluated that there was a relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic with psychological problems and tinnitus. Therefore, the predominance of tinnitus symptoms at presentation should not lead the clinician to neglect the underlying psychopathological problems in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Süleyman Korkut
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Altıntaş
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
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Shemesh R, Chiang M, Paul Chan RV, Orge F, Yam JC, Farzavandi S, Sprunger D, Mezer E, Wygnanski-Jafee T. An international survey on retinopathy of prematurity practice patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic and lessons for future management. Int Ophthalmol 2024; 44:407. [PMID: 39400622 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-024-03290-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) practice patterns during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS A survey on ROP practice patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic was sent to the American Academy of Ophthalmic Executives, the International Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Council members, and to various national societies on May 19, 2020. The survey closed on the 31st of June 2020. RESULTS Two hundred ninety-two ophthalmologists from 41 countries responded to the survey. Most replies originated in Asia (48%) and North America (38%). During the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-COVID-19 period, respondents reported a reduction of 15% in the number of NICU inpatients and 19.8% of the ROP outpatients' follow-up visits. The number of ROP outpatients' follow-up visits and inpatients' exams was significantly greater in North America than in Asia (72.0% versus 37.2% and 87.8% versus 49.6%, respectively, P < 0.001). Only 14% of the ophthalmologists adopted new screening guidelines, and 7.2% reported changing their preferred treatment. In 50% of responders, laser photocoagulation was the preferred treatment. A significantly higher percentage of ophthalmologists reported using telemedicine during the pandemic, 29.8% (n = 85/285), and 15.6% (44/282) prior to the pandemic (χ2 = 15.51, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS During the COVID-19 pandemic, fewer ROP screening and follow-up visits were conducted on premature infants; these findings were especially prominent among physicians in Asia. Telemedicine usage increased during the pandemic. This study highlights the need to maintain screening protocols for ROP during pandemics. The utility of technological measures could enable this, along with adequate prevention of physical contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Shemesh
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Michael Chiang
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
- National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R V Paul Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois, Chicago, USA
| | - Faruk Orge
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jason C Yam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | - Eedy Mezer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruth Rappaport Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tamara Wygnanski-Jafee
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
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Fong TCT, Chang K, Ho RTH, Chio FHN, Yip PSF, Wen M. Psychological responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and situational impact: A network analysis in Hong Kong residents. J Affect Disord 2024; 362:152-160. [PMID: 38945403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has had situational impacts and induced various psychological responses among residents. The present study aims to analyze the network structure of psychological responses to the pandemic and their relationships with situational impact, resilience, and well-being through a network approach. METHODS An online survey recruited 1122 residents (mean age = 32.5 years, 65.4 % female) in Hong Kong from October 2020 to October 2021. The participants completed the Mental Impact and Distress Scale: Psychological Response (MIDc-PR) and other validated measures. Gaussian graphical modeling was conducted in R to identify the central MIDc-PR symptoms and their bridge linkages with situational impact, resilience, and well-being. RESULTS In the MIDc-PR network, the central symptoms were 'Routine' and 'Images' for Anticipation and 'Tense' and 'Lonely' for Modulation, with 12 bridge edges between the two clusters. In the combined network, the MIDc-PR nodes showed 12 bridge edges with situational impact, particularly in the health domain. 'Concerned', 'Sleep', and 'Lonely' showed negative linkages with resilience; 'Unmotivated' and 'Trapped' showed negative linkages with well-being. The network models showed good levels of stability and did not differ significantly in network structure and global strength across gender and age groups. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional study design only allowed undirected associations in the network and could not model the within-subject effects. CONCLUSIONS The study findings contributed to the literature by elucidating the network structure of psychological responses to the pandemic. The central and bridge symptoms have clinical implications as potential targets for future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted C T Fong
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Kay Chang
- Department of Psychology, University of Macao, Taipa, Macau.
| | - Rainbow T H Ho
- Centre on Behavioral Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Social Work & Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Floria H N Chio
- Department of Psychology, Trent University, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Paul S F Yip
- HKJC Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Ming Wen
- Department of Sociology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Sociology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.
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Lac A. Drinking to Cope With the COVID-19 Pandemic Mediates Pathways From COVID-19 Anxiety to Alcohol Use and Alcohol Myopia Consequences. J Dual Diagn 2024; 20:327-339. [PMID: 38742669 DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2024.2343372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE People may consume alcohol to cope with the stressors and anxieties of the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study applied the self-medication hypothesis, tension reduction hypothesis, and alcohol myopia theory to understand COVID-19 alcohol coping as a mediator of the pathways from COVID-19 anxiety to alcohol use and alcohol consequences. METHODS Participants (N = 477) were undergraduate college students. The mean age was 22.14 (SD = 5.66) years. Gender distribution included 73% females, 26% males, and 1% transgender. Racial categories included 70% White, 11% Latino, 5% Black, 5% Asian, and 9% multiracial. They completed the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, the COVID-19 Alcohol Coping Scale developed and validated in the present study, measures of drinking frequency and drinking quantity, and the Alcohol Myopia Scale to assess alcohol consequences. RESULTS First, confirmatory factor analysis supported the measurement structure of the COVID-19 Alcohol Coping Scale. Second, a general structural equation model containing only latent factors provided evidence for the following pathways: COVID-19 anxiety to COVID-19 alcohol coping to overall alcohol use to alcohol myopia consequences. Third, a specific structural equation model separated the overall alcohol use factor into two measures of drinking frequency and drinking quantity. Results found that COVID-19 alcohol coping uniquely explained drinking frequency (but not drinking quantity), indicating that the pursuit of alcohol to cope with the pandemic was related to more frequent days of alcohol use but not more concentrated use on drinking days. Tests of indirect effects corroborated the mediational pathways in the explanatory models. CONCLUSIONS The research offers insights into understanding that the risk connections from COVID-19 anxiety to alcohol behavioral outcomes are mediated by alcohol use to cope with the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Lac
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
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Gibbons JA, Lee SA, Harris KD. Red State, Blue State, Purple State; Higher and Increasing Blue COVID-19 Anxiety Rate. Psychol Rep 2024; 127:2183-2202. [PMID: 36541201 PMCID: PMC9790856 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221146705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated COVID-19 Anxiety Scale (CAS) scores for participants from blue states, red states, and purple states across 276 days ranging from April 18, 2020 to January 23, 2021. The CAS scores increased with knowing and caring for an individual with COVID-19, following social distancing guidelines, hours talking and thinking about COVID-19, hypochondria, neuroticism, depression, anxiety, stress, negative PANAS, and time, whereas they decreased with positive PANAS. More importantly, the CAS scores were higher for participants from blue states than for participants from purple states, and the positive relation between CAS scores and time was only significant for participants from blue states. We connected media events that occurred concurrently for high CAS scores overall and for high CAS scores for participants from blue states. The spikes in CAS ratings occurred along with COVID-19 contagion, partisan reactions to protests for slain African Americans (e.g., George Floyd), and the 2020 presidential election.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A. Gibbons
- Department of Psychology, Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - Sherman A. Lee
- Department of Psychology, Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA, USA
| | - Kaylee D. Harris
- Department of Psychology, Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA, USA
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Zhao M, Abdul Kadir NB, Abd Razak MA. The Relationship between Family Functioning, Emotional Intelligence, Loneliness, Social Support, and Depressive Symptoms among Undergraduate Students. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:819. [PMID: 39336034 PMCID: PMC11428799 DOI: 10.3390/bs14090819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The transition from adolescence to college is a significant developmental stage marked by challenges such as high academic pressure, changes in living environments, and social support systems. These challenges can lead to increased rates of depression among college students. This study investigates the relationships between family functioning, emotional intelligence, loneliness, social support, and depressive symptoms in Chinese college students. A cross-sectional design was employed, with data collected via questionnaires from undergraduate students at Xi'an Jiaotong University. Variables such as family functioning, emotional intelligence, loneliness, social support, and depressive symptoms were assessed. Statistical analyses, including correlation and hierarchical regression, were conducted to explore these relationships. The study found a diverse distribution of depressive symptoms among students, with significant gender differences indicating higher depression rates in females. No significant differences were observed across academic disciplines, grades, or between only children and non-only children. Family functioning, emotional intelligence, and social support were negatively correlated with depressive symptoms, while loneliness was positively correlated. Hierarchical regression analysis confirmed that social support significantly moderated the relationship between family functioning and depressive symptoms. Mediation analysis showed that emotional intelligence and loneliness mediated this relationship. The findings highlight the complex interplay between family dynamics, emotional capabilities, social connectedness, and mental health. Enhancing family functioning, emotional intelligence, and social support can effectively reduce depressive symptoms among college students. These results underscore the need for holistic interventions that address multiple aspects of students' social and emotional lives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nor Ba’yah Abdul Kadir
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia; (M.Z.); (M.A.A.R.)
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Tülüce D, Kaplan Serin E. The Death Anxiety Experienced by Cardiac Patients in the Covid-19 Pandemic and Its Affecting Factors. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2024; 89:1437-1450. [PMID: 35452277 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221093461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The study was conducted to determine the death anxiety experienced by heart patients and the affecting factors in the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was conducted with 148 patients hospitalized in the cardiology clinic of a university hospital between April and August 2021 in the southeast in Turkey. The data were collected with the personal information form, death anxiety scale, coronavirus anxiety scale and Covid-19 fear scale developed by the researchers. Data analysis was performed by using IBM SPSS Statistics 25. Descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of the data. Correlation and regression analysis were performed to determine the relationship between scales. The mean age of the patients was 64.99+15.56 years and 56.1% were male. 57.4% of them were hospitalized with a diagnosis of coronary artery disease. During the pandemic, it was determined that 74.3% of the patients followed social distance, 71.6% wore masks, 58.8% used disinfectants. The patients had moderate death anxiety, low coronavirus anxiety, and high covid 19 fear. A positive linear correlation was found between anxiety and fear scale and death anxiety total and sub-dimensions. As a result, the fear of COVID-19 may increase the fear of death in individuals with heart disease. Patients who are worried about being infected with Covid 19 during the pandemic process have more fear of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya Tülüce
- Faculty of Health Sciences Nursing Department, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - Emine Kaplan Serin
- Faculty of Health Sciences Nursing Department, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Maria DMS, Padhye N, Ostrosky-Zeichner L, Grimes CZ, Nyamathi A, Lightfoot M, Quadri Y, Paul ME, Jones JT. COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake, Infection Rates, and Seropositivity Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness in the United States. Nurs Res 2024; 73:373-380. [PMID: 38809559 PMCID: PMC11344680 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People experiencing homelessness are at greater risk of exposure and poor health outcomes from COVID-19. However, little data exist on the prevalence and correlates of COVID-19 among homeless populations. To mitigate the spread and severity, uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine is needed. This can be challenging among youth experiencing homelessness who are more likely to be unvaccinated when compared to stably housed youth. OBJECTIVE We conducted this study to determine the prevalence and correlates of COVID-19 among youth experiencing homelessness. METHODS We examined experiences of COVID-19 symptoms, self-report of infection, and rates of COVID-19 antibodies and distinguished between natural and vaccinated immunity among youth experiencing homelessness ( N = 265) recruited in one large metropolitan area in the south. RESULTS Based on self-report, very few participants experienced any symptoms, and 80% had never been diagnosed with COVID-19. Of those with COVID-19 antibodies (68%), the proportion with antibodies resulting from natural infection was 44%. The vaccination rate was 42%. Younger and vaccinated participants and those in shelters were likelier to have COVID-19 antibodies. Black and Hispanic youth were more likely than White youth to have had COVID-19. Those who adopted only one or two prevention behaviors were more likely to acquire a natural infection than those who adopted three or more prevention behaviors. DISCUSSION Youth experiencing homelessness report low vaccination rates, disrupted access to healthcare and social supports, and underlying chronic conditions, which may explain why they face poorer outcomes when infected with COVID-19. Vaccination and risk mitigation strategies to combat the high prevalence of COVID-19 are especially needed for sheltered youth who are at high risk yet are often asymptomatic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane M. Santa Maria
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Cizik School of Nursing, Houston, TX
| | - Nikhil Padhye
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Cizik School of Nursing, Houston, TX
| | - Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Cizik School of Nursing, Houston, TX
| | - Carolyn Z. Grimes
- Laboratory of Mycology Research, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston McGovern Medical School
| | - Adeline Nyamathi
- University of California Irvine Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing, Irvine, CA
| | - Marguerita Lightfoot
- Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health
| | | | - Mary E. Paul
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Jennifer Torres Jones
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Cizik School of Nursing, Houston, TX
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Sugita S, Hata K, Kodaiarasu K, Takamatsu N, Kimura K, Miller C, Gonzalez L, Umemoto I, Murayama K, Nakao T, Kito S, Ito M, Kuga H. Psychological treatments for mental health symptoms associated with COVID-19 infection: A scoping review. PCN REPORTS : PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES 2024; 3:e223. [PMID: 38962000 PMCID: PMC11216928 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this scoping review was to synthesize published studies and ongoing clinical trials of psychological interventions for mental health problems associated with COVID-19 infection. The study protocol was developed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Extension for Scoping Reviews. We conducted systematic searches for studies published or registered between January 2020 and October 2022 using eight scientific databases and clinical trial registries, which identified 40 complete published studies and 53 ongoing clinical trials. We found that most studies were randomized controlled trials (74%) while the remaining used study designs of lower methodological quality. Most studies investigated interventions for acute COVID-19 patients (74%) and others explored post-COVID conditions (PCC) or recovered patients. Cognitive and behavioral therapies were the main intervention approaches (31%), followed by multidisciplinary programs (21%) and mindfulness (17%). The most frequently evaluated outcomes were anxiety (33%), depression (26%), quality of life (13%), and insomnia (10%). No studies on youths, older people, or marginalized communities were found. These findings summarize the burgeoning research on a range of psychological interventions for individuals infected with COVID-19. However, the field is in its infancy and further research to develop an evidence base for targeted care is necessary. The gaps identified in the current study also highlight the need for more research on youths, older people, and members of marginalized communities, and PCC patients. It is important to ascertain interventions and delivery strategies that are not only effective and affordable but also allow high scalability and accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Sugita
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Kotone Hata
- Faculty of Human SciencesWaseda UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Krandhasi Kodaiarasu
- McLean Hospital, Simches Division of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryBelmontMassachusettsUSA
| | - Naoki Takamatsu
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
- Department of NeuropsychiatryThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Kentaro Kimura
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | | | | | - Ikue Umemoto
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Keitaro Murayama
- Department of NeuropsychiatryKyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan
| | - Tomohiro Nakao
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Shinsuke Kito
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center HospitalNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Masaya Ito
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
| | - Hironori Kuga
- National Center for Cognitive Behavior Therapy and ResearchNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan
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Ertekin İ, Görgülü Ö. Covid-19 Anxiety Scale (CAS): A Validity and Reliability Study. Psychiatr Q 2024:10.1007/s11126-024-10088-5. [PMID: 39183221 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-024-10088-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
In this study, our aim was to develop a valid and reliable scale to determine the social anxiety level of people regarding COVID-19. A total of 420 people participated in the research. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to test the validity and reliability of the scale. As a result of the explanatory factor analysis, it was determined that the scale consisted of 22 items and four sub-dimensions. These sub-dimensions were named "negative thinking", "sociability", "fear" and "vaccination". In examination of the fit indices obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis results, it was seen that the four-factor scale structure was high and acceptable. Based on these results, we concluded that the COVID-19 social anxiety scale (CAS) was valid and reliable for examining the level of social anxiety of people during the pandemic periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- İrfan Ertekin
- Department of Business Administration, Faculty of FEAS, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey.
| | - Özkan Görgülü
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kırsehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
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Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Mondal S, Jana S. Effects of distant biofield energy healing on adults associated with psychological and mental health-related symptoms: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Health Psychol Res 2024; 12:122225. [PMID: 39267816 PMCID: PMC11392496 DOI: 10.52965/001c.122225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, popularity of Biofield energy healing therapy has increased tremendously parallel to conventional therapy. However, due to insufficient scientific studies on biofield therapies, authors planned this clinical trial to examine the safety and effectiveness of biofield therapy in treating symptoms of psychological and mental health and to explore parameters for its effectiveness. Methods One hundred fourteen participants (55 male, 59 female) underwent clinical trials. This trial was randomized, placebo-controlled, three parallel-groups, double-blind, and single-center with subjects who have one or more psychological and mental symptoms. Two sessions of distant (virtual) biofield energy attunement were given on days 0 and 90 for about 5 minutes to the subjects of biofield intervention group (n=39). Besides, control (n=35) and sham control (n=40) group subjects also received kind of treatment in a similar manner to nullify baseline responses. Subjects were assessed by psychological questionnaire scoring using standard scale of assessment and safety parameters. Results Perceived psychological symptoms/scores (fatigue/tiredness, sleep disturbances, stress, cognitive impairment, loss of memory, mental restlessness, emotional trauma, anxiety, depression, confusion, financial crises and dissatisfaction, low libido, motivation, confidence, lack of perception, relationship, and social behaviors, etc.) were significantly (p <.0001) improved in biofield intervention group compared to the naïve control and sham control groups. Besides, biofield intervention did not show any study-related adverse effects in all three groups throughout the trial. Conclusions The distant (virtual) biofield energy healing therapy significantly improved psychological and mental health-related symptoms without affecting safety concerns, and improved overall health and quality of life.
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Jing FF, Zhou J, Ge J, Wang X, Tang M, Zhao S, Cui Y, Bai L, Xia X, Chen Y, Shen D, Chen H, Wen J, Hu L, Lu R. A repeated cross-sectional pilot study of the relationship between perceived a community with shared future for doctor-patient and benefit finding: the mediating role of health self-consciousness and moderating role of anxiety. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:430. [PMID: 39118145 PMCID: PMC11308305 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01910-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since January 8, 2023, China has managed COVID-19 as a Class-B infectious disease, marking the epidemic's transition to a low-level stage. This study analyzes the relationship between the public's perceived a community with shared future for doctor-patient (PCSF), health self-consciousness, benefit finding, and anxiety in this stage. Additionally, it compares changes in these variables across different stages of COVID-19. METHODS Using a repeated cross-sectional design, three surveys were conducted respectively in three different stages of COVID-19 in China. Specifically, the first survey was conducted in Beijing, Dalian, Zhengzhou, Heihe, and Shangrao from November 13 to 20, 2021 in the outbreak stage of COVID-19, yielding 1,252 valid responses out of 1,534 collected questionnaires. The second survey was conducted in Dalian, Zhengzhou, Heihe, Shangrao, and Lanzhou from December 1 to 19, 2021 in the stable stage of COVID-19, with 872 valid responses obtained from 1,075 collected questionnaires. The third survey was conducted in Beijing, Dalian, Zhengzhou, Heihe, Shangrao, Lanzhou, and Chengdu from January 29 to February 4, 2023 in the low epidemic level stage of COVID-19, achieving 2,113 valid responses from the 2,461 questionnaires collected. RESULTS Unlike in the outbreak stage but similar to the stable stage, the public's anxiety, health self-consciousness and benefit finding decreased while PCSF was improved in the low epidemic level stage. Consistent with both the outbreak and stable stage, PCSF, health self-consciousness, benefit finding, and anxiety showed positive correlations in the low epidemic level stage, with health self-consciousness partially mediating the positive impact of PCSF on benefit finding. Unlike in the stable stage but similar to the outbreak stage, anxiety did not moderate the relationship between PCSF and health self-consciousness in the low epidemic level stage. CONCLUSIONS The public's health self-consciousness, benefit finding, and anxiety decreased, while PCSF increased in the low epidemic level stage. Furthermore, PCSF had a greater impact on benefit finding, and anxiety's impact on health self-consciousness was significantly reduced. Across different stages of COVID-19, PCSF directly increased benefit finding and also enhanced benefit finding by improving health self-consciousness. Thus, comprehensive intervention measures are beneficial in the low epidemic level stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenwick Feng Jing
- School of Management, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, 276826, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Reproduction, Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Jiaying Ge
- Department of Reproduction, Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Reproduction, Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Mengjiao Tang
- Changzhou Third People's Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Shenyu Zhao
- Changzhou Third People's Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Yanqiu Cui
- Changzhou Third People's Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Lijing Bai
- Department of Reproduction, Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Xiyang Xia
- Department of Reproduction, Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Reproduction, Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Dan Shen
- Department of Reproduction, Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Haiying Chen
- Changzhou Third People's Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China
| | - Juan Wen
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China.
| | - Lingmin Hu
- Department of Reproduction, Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China.
| | - Renjie Lu
- Changzhou Third People's Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China.
- Changzhou Institute for Advanced Study of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China.
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Ju J, Han K, Kim J, Kwon Y. Lessons for Future Vaccination Policies: COVID-19 Vaccination Intention in People With and Without Chronic Diseases. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2024; 18:288-295. [PMID: 39098485 DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2024.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study compared COVID-19 vaccination intentions in those with and without chronic diseases (CDs and non-CDs) in South Korea. We hypothesized that the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination intentions would differ between CDs and non-CDs in South Korea. METHODS Using survey data collected through a Korean online panel in June 2021, we conducted a cross-sectional secondary data analysis. Of the 2292 participants, 411 had at least one chronic disease. To construct a comparable dataset, we selected non-CDs via a 1:1 case-control matching for age and gender. We then utilized a multivariable binary logistic regression model to explore the factors contributing to COVID-19 vaccination intentions in CDs and non-CDs. RESULTS All told, over 75% of participants in both groups indicated that they intended to vaccinate against COVID-19. In both groups, those who mistrusted general vaccine benefits reported significantly lower COVID-19 vaccination intentions. Regarding factors associated with vaccination intentions, CDs identified anxiety regarding coronavirus and exposure to COVID-19 vaccination promotions at the community level, while non-CDs highlighted hesitancy regarding vaccines and confidence in government/health services. CONCLUSION Improving vaccination acceptance will require the development and implementation of tailored approaches for CDs and non-CDs and efforts to minimize general vaccine mistrust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Ju
- Chung-Ang University Graduate School Department of Nursing, 84 Heukseok-ro Dongjak-gu, South Korea.
| | - Kihye Han
- Chung-Ang University College of Nursing, 84 Heukseok-ro Dongjak-gu, South Korea.
| | - Jieun Kim
- Chung-Ang University College of Nursing, 84 Heukseok-ro Dongjak-gu, South Korea.
| | - Yunhyung Kwon
- Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 187, Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, South Korea.
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16
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Hayes A, Courey L, Kells M, Hyndman D, Dempsey M, Murphy M. Caregivers of individuals with borderline personality disorder: The relationship between leading caregiver interventions and psychological distress/positive mental well-being. FAMILY PROCESS 2024. [PMID: 39091082 DOI: 10.1111/famp.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Burden and psychological distress are higher in informal caregivers (ICs) of people with severe emotional and behavior dysregulation who have been given a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD) compared with non-caregivers. The current cross-sectional study examines the difference in outcomes of ICs of people with BPD who have received the intervention Family Connections (FC) and who also led interventions for other caregivers (caregiver-leaders) compared with those who have attended FC but not led caregiver interventions (non-leader-FC participants). The sample for this research is from a larger study (Hayes et al., 2023, Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation, 10, 31). Data for 347 participants who self-reported receiving FC and completed the McLean Screening Instrument for BPD-Carer Version, the Brief COPE, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Kessler Psychological Distress scale, the WHO-5 Well-being Index, and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale were analyzed. The results found that being a caregiver-leader was associated with higher positive mental well-being and lower psychological distress compared with non-leader-FC participants. Being a caregiver-leader was also associated with significantly greater use of the coping strategy of positive reframing and lower use of behavioral disengagement and self-blame than non-leader-FC participants. The study provides preliminary evidence that for those who have received FC, becoming an intervention leader is associated with better outcomes than caregivers who do not become leaders and provides support for caregiver-led rollout of FC across services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife Hayes
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Mental Health Services, Cork Kerry Community Healthcare, Health Service Executive, Cork, Ireland
| | - Lynn Courey
- The Sashbear Foundation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary Kells
- Mental Health Services, Cork Kerry Community Healthcare, Health Service Executive, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Maria Dempsey
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mike Murphy
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Kiyak S, Türkben Polat H. The Relationship Between Death Anxiety and COVID-19 Fear and Anxiety in Women With Breast Cancer. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2024; 89:1128-1141. [PMID: 35441560 PMCID: PMC9024088 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221086056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
This study determined the relationship between death anxiety and COVID-19 related fear and anxiety in women with breast cancer. This is a descriptive correlation-seeking study. The research included 140 women with breast cancer who visit the day treatment unit of the oncology department of a state university hospital. Personal Information Form, Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), and Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) were used to collect data. A significant difference was found between the DAS score and body mass index (p = .019) and between FCV-19S score and COVID-19 vaccination status (p = .007). As the fear of COVID-19 and coronavirus anxiety of women with breast cancer increase, death anxiety also increases. In conclusion, death anxiety should be taken into consideration for this patient group while maintaining the continuity of care for these patients now and in future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Kiyak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Seydisehir Kamil Akkanat Faculty of Health Sciences, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Hilal Türkben Polat
- Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Seydisehir Kamil Akkanat Faculty of Health Sciences, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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Ye G, Zhu Y, Bao W, Zhou H, Lai J, Zhang Y, Xie J, Ma Q, Luo Z, Ma S, Guo Y, Zhang X, Zhang M, Niu X. The Long COVID Symptoms and Severity Score: Development, Validation, and Application. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2024; 27:1085-1091. [PMID: 38641060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2024.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary focus of this research is the proposition of a methodological framework for the clinical application of the long COVID symptoms and severity score (LC-SSS). This tool is not just a self-reported assessment instrument developed and validated but serves as a standardized, quantifiable means to monitor the diverse and persistent symptoms frequently observed in individuals with long COVID. METHODS A 3-stage process was used to develop, validate, and establish scoring standards for the LC-SSS. Validation measures included correlations with other patient-reported measures, confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's α for internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. Scoring standards were determined using K-means clustering, with comparative assessments made against hierarchical clustering and the Gaussian Mixture Model. RESULTS The LC-SSS showed correlations with EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level (rs = -0.55), EuroQol visual analog scale (rs = -0.368), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (rs = 0.538), Beck Anxiety Inventory (rs = 0.689), and Insomnia Severity Index (rs = 0.516), confirming its construct validity. Structural validity was good with a comparative fit index of 0.969, with Cronbach's α of 0.93 indicating excellent internal consistency. Test-retest reliability was also satisfactory (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.732). K-means clustering identified 3 distinct severity categories in individuals living with long COVID, providing a basis for personalized treatment strategies. CONCLUSIONS The LC-SSS provides a robust and valid tool for assessing long COVID. The severity categories established via K-means clustering demonstrate significant variation in symptom severity, informing personalized treatment and improving care quality for patients with long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengchen Ye
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yanan Zhu
- Medical Imaging Centre, Ankang Central Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi Province, China; School of Medicine, Ankang University, Ankang, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wenrui Bao
- School of Future Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Heping Zhou
- Medical Imaging Centre, Ankang Central Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jiandong Lai
- Medical Imaging Centre, Ankang Central Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Juanping Xie
- School of Medicine, Ankang University, Ankang, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Qingbo Ma
- Master of Biomedical Engineering (Research-oriented), Ankang Vocational and Technical College, Ankang, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhaoyao Luo
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shaohui Ma
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yichu Guo
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xuanting Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Xuan Niu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
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19
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Jug B, Sedlar Kobe N, Stojinic D, Lainscak M, Farkas J. Cardiac rehabilitation patient perspectives during COVID-19 pandemic: quantitative and qualitative study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1373684. [PMID: 39139755 PMCID: PMC11319166 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1373684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to quantitatively assess stress, anxiety and obsessive thinking related to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and qualitatively appraise perceptions in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing cardiac rehabilitation (CR) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We used mixed-methods design in patients referred for CR in 2 centres which delivered uninterrupted service during COVID-19 pandemic. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS), COVID-19 Stress Scale (CSS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and in-person interviews (combination of a priori questions and probing) were used to evaluate patient experience and perceptions with COVID-19 and the healthcare services during pandemic. Results In total, 109 patients (mean age 59 ± 10, 20% women) were included in quantitative part and in 30 of them we conducted the in-person interviews. About a quarter of patients met HADS threshold for anxiety and depression while CAS and OCS results demonstrated extremely low possibility of coronavirus related dysfunctional thinking (3%) and anxiety (2%). The CSS indicated the most prevalent concerns were related to COVID-19 vaccines safety (60%) and fear of getting infected (60%). During interviews, patients perceived the CR as well as health care providers as safe, trustworthy and with enough support to avoid or manage COVID-19 related health risks. Conclusions Overall, patients reported AMI affected their lives more than the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 related stress and anxiety were relatively low and mostly related to general views of infectious disease. CR was perceived safe and trustworthy in terms of primary disease and COVID-19. Lay summary This mixed-method study included 109 patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent cardiac rehabilitation during the COVID-19 and focused on their experience and perceptions with COVID-19 and the healthcare services during pandemic.-Patients reported acute myocardial infarction affected their lives more than the COVID-19 pandemic.-The COVID-19 related concerns were mostly related to general views of infectious disease (vaccine safety, fear of getting infected) whilst cardiac rehabilitation was perceived safe and trustworthy environment during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borut Jug
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Mitja Lainscak
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- General Hospital Murska Sobota, Murska Sobota, Slovenia
| | - Jerneja Farkas
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- General Hospital Murska Sobota, Murska Sobota, Slovenia
- National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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20
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Sabandüzen H, Kavaklı Ö. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the training on "Home care of COVID-19 positive/suspicious patients" given to nursing students: A quasi-experimental study. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2024; 13:250. [PMID: 39309990 PMCID: PMC11414848 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1574_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to evaluate the effects of education on home care of infected or suspected COVID-19 patients on the levels of knowledge, anxiety, and awareness of nursing students in Turkey. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study is in quasi-experimental design. A sample of 158 volunteer students studying nursing at a private university in Turkey was formed. Data were collected using, descriptive information form, "Coronavirus Anxiety Scale," "COVID-19 Awareness Scale," and the "Knowledge of COVID-19 Home Care Test." Pre-test was performed before the participants received education. Post-test was performed seven days after the intervention. SPSS version 25.0 was used for data analysis. "TREND checklist" was used for quasi-experimental/non-randomized evaluations to report the findings of the study. RESULTS Anxiety levels decreased and the levels of awareness and knowledge on COVID-19 increased after receiving education on home care of infected or suspected COVID-19 patients (p < 0.001), indicating the effectiveness of the education. Education on home care of infected or suspected COVID-19 patients was an effective method to reduce anxiety and increase knowledge and awareness in nursing students. CONCLUSIONS To contribute to community health, home care training can be given to nursing students, other people receiving home care, or providing home care to COVID-19 patients, infected or suspected COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hande Sabandüzen
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Öznur Kavaklı
- Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Gulhane Faculty of Nursing, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
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Siena LM, Mussetto I, Renzi E, Baccolini V, Migliara G, Sciurti A, Covelli A, De Vito C, Marzuillo C, Villari P, Massimi A. Decline in academic performance and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey among Sapienza University of Rome students. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1408191. [PMID: 39086808 PMCID: PMC11288869 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1408191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges to the education system, leading to changes in student academic performance and mental health. The aim of this study was to evaluate variables relating to changes in academic performance and mental health during the pandemic. Methods We carried out a cross-sectional study from 28 February 2022 to 13 April 2022, during the free SARS-CoV-2 screening campaign offered by Sapienza University of Rome. A structured questionnaire was constructed to explore the decline in academic performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), a validated self-reporting mental health screener of dysfunctional anxiety associated with the coronavirus crisis, was used. Results A sample of 1,134 students was enrolled. A total of 25.4% of the participants reported a decline in academic performance. In addition, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale scores revealed that 133 (11.5%) students had a dysfunctional anxiety problem due to COVID-19. A multivariable logistic regression model showed that being a senior student (aOR: 0.70 95% CI: 0.52-0.96) and having good financial status (aOR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.47-0.88) decrease the likelihood of a decline in academic performance, while not being Italian (aOR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.29-3.48), having felt the need for psychological support (aOR: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.87-3.55) and being enrolled in a science/technology faculty (aOR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.27-2.57) were more likely to result in a decline in academic performance. Conclusion Our results show that the pandemic has affected academic performance. The COVID-19 emergency highlighted the importance of considering mental health and economic status in policymaking to effectively support students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Maria Siena
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Mussetto
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Erika Renzi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Baccolini
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Migliara
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences, Health and Health Professions, Link Campus University, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Sciurti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Covelli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado De Vito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Marzuillo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Villari
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Azzurra Massimi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Özmete E, Pak M, Duru S. Predictors of COVID-Related stress in a community sample in Turkey: a cross-sectional study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38961682 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2375350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The distinctive mental health features associated with COVID-19 have gained importance as the psychological effects of the pandemic on the community become more visible. This study aims to assess the COVID-related stress status and associated factors in the community sample of Turkey. The sample of this cross-sectional study is composed of 2.065 people between the ages of 18-90. Data were collected through an online survey prepared by Google.docs between October-December, 2020. Mild to moderate stress was found in the community with the most common symptoms of the fear of contamination and danger. Some variables, such as being female and the severity of COVID-19 illness, were associated with higher COVID-related stress. Vulnerable groups associated with high stress should be monitored during the pandemic. The findings of this study will guide the practices of professionals working in the field of public health, healthcare, or mental health in possible future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Özmete
- Department of Social Work, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melike Pak
- Department of Social Work, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Serdarhan Duru
- Department of Social Work, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Muchira JM, Mogos MF, Park C, Logan J, Piano MR. A Mother-Child Dyadic Approach to Evaluating Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Young Children: A Feasibility Study. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2024; 39:307-317. [PMID: 36066587 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular (CV) risk factors can be transmitted from mothers to their children. However, it is challenging to measure and identify subclinical CV risk in young children using traditional CV risk methods and metrics. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of recruiting mother-child dyads and measuring arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity, augmentation index/pressure), blood pressure (BP), BP circadian pattern, specifically nocturnal BP dipping, and CV health metrics in mothers and in children aged 1 to 5 years. METHODS All BP and arterial stiffness measures were obtained using the noninvasive automated oscillometric Mobil-O-Graph device. Also measured were blood cholesterol level; glucose level; body mass index (BMI); and smoking, diet, and physical activity history. Descriptive statistics were used for assessing recruitment feasibility and Pearson correlations for mother-child associations. RESULTS Thirty-five mother-child dyads completed the protocol. Recruitment reach was 89% and retention rate was 80%. Mothers were 34.3 ± 5.4 years old with a mean systolic BP (SBP) of 114.6 ± 9.5 mm Hg and BMI of 26.0 ± 6.5. Children were 3 ± 1.4 years old with a mean SBP of 103.3 ± 9.4 mm Hg and BMI z -scores of -0.3 ± 1.5. Arterial stiffness parameters were within normal ranges for mothers and children. Twenty-three percent of mothers did not exhibit nocturnal dipping (<10% decrease between day and nighttime SBP). Maternal SBP was positively correlated with child BMI z -scores ( r = 0.42, P = .022) as well as mother-child augmentation pressure ( r = 0.51, P = .010). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support using a mother-child approach and novel noninvasive approaches to assess and target CV risk in mothers and their young children.
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Schonfeld IS, Prytherch T, Cropley M, Verkuilen J, Bianchi R. Measurement invariance of the Pandemic Anxiety Inventory in different demographic groups. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:353. [PMID: 38886835 PMCID: PMC11181577 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01829-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Pandemic Anxiety Inventory (PAI) was developed in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Its content allows it to assess anxiety in connection to any pandemic. Previous research has demonstrated the instrument's reliability and validity. An important question for clinicians and researchers, however, remains open: Does the PAI have similar meaning for members of different demographic groups? The finding of measurement invariance would allow clinicians and researchers to comparatively assess pandemic-related anxiety across demographic groups, including favored and disfavored groups. METHODS We conducted a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis to assess the measurement invariance of the PAI using data obtained from a sample of 379 residents of the United Kingdom. RESULTS The PAI demonstrated invariance across genders, age groups, individuals who are married or in a relationship and those who are not, as well as individuals with higher and lower incomes. In an ancillary analysis, we found invariance across subsamples of Whites and Nonwhites, although we note that the Nonwhite group was small (n = 60) and heterogeneous. The findings of a supplemental MIMIC analysis were consistent with the above. CONCLUSIONS The PAI shows measurement invariance across a variety of demographic groups. Our findings suggest that the instrument can be meaningfully employed to compare pandemic-related anxiety across these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irvin Sam Schonfeld
- Dept. of Psychology, The City College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York City, USA.
- The Program in Educational Psychology, the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York City, USA.
| | - Tasmyn Prytherch
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - Mark Cropley
- Dept. of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - Jay Verkuilen
- The Program in Educational Psychology, the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York City, USA
| | - Renzo Bianchi
- Dept. of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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Kılınç E, Çiçek B. COVID again? Health workers' burnout and turnover intentions: possible impacts of coronavirus-induced anxiety and first-level servant leaders. Leadersh Health Serv (Bradf Engl) 2024; ahead-of-print. [PMID: 38860850 DOI: 10.1108/lhs-10-2023-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Building on social exchange and leader-member exchange theories, this paper aims to propose a model of the impact of coronavirus-induced anxiety on health-care professionals' burnout and turnover intention through the mediation role of servant leadership. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH This model was examined by adopting partial least square-based structural equation modeling using data collected from 271 health professionals (doctors, nurses, midwives and analysts) from Turkey. FINDINGS The findings of the research illustrate that coronavirus-induced anxiety is positively associated with burnout and turnover intention. Furthermore, servant leadership mediates the relationship between coronavirus-induced anxiety, burnout and turnover intention. Yet, according to factor loadings, the mediating role of servant leadership is not strong (β : 0.035 and 0.053, respectively). RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS First, this study targeted the health-care professionals from Turkey. Therefore, this population may not be able to provide general information on the topic. Thus, this study suggests that the subject be addressed in other populations as well. Second, the data were self-reported by the participants. Although common method bias and social desirability bias were not an issue in this study, it should be known that the results are based on the subjective judgments of the participants. Third, this study was limited to investigating the mediating role of servant leadership only. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS This study gives much beneficial information to both administrators and organizations by mirroring highly stressed workers' inside throughout statistically results. Hence, it is assumed that the findings will help leaders to cope with several difficult situations, especially in crisis moments. As the chaotic circumstances occurred, achieving organizational goals became more and more difficult. To do this, some leaders play critical roles for members like servant leaders by contributing uniquely spiritual dimensions. SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS Struggling with the COVID-19 pandemic has aggravated the health-care professionals' existing mental health and has loaded more agitation on them. According to Mozes (2021), suicide cases among nurses have doubled the number of women in the general population. Thus, leaders should do something to lower those ratios. This study points out that servant leaders could break down those unwanted issues by decreasing burnout and turnover intention rates of health workers. Barbuto and Wheeler (2006) highlighted this situation by creating a dimension called "The Natural Desire to Serve Others." ORIGINALITY/VALUE To the best of the authors' knowledge, to date, this study is the first to examine the mediating role of servant leadership in the effect of coronavirus-induced anxiety on burnout and turnover intention. Furthermore, this research reveals that servant leadership may play a role in avoiding burnout and turnover intention in the health sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erman Kılınç
- Department of Rail Systems Management, Ulukışla Vocational School, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Berat Çiçek
- Department of Aviation Management, Malatya Turgut Özal University, Malatya, Turkey
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Forte FDS, Vieira NFC, Farias SF, Campelo ILB, Castro M, Yousafzai AK, Vieira-Meyer APGF. Quality of life and associated factors for community health workers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in northeastern Brazil. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13312. [PMID: 38858430 PMCID: PMC11164982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63828-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the quality of life (QoL) and associated factors of community health workers (CHWs) in different urban settings as a contributor to the preparedness of Brazilian primary care for future sanitary emergencies. The sample included 1935 CHWs from 4 state capitals and 4 inland municipalities in northeastern Brazil. Information was collected on QoL (WHOQOL-BREF), work routines, sociodemographics, direct and indirect exposure to violence, general self-efficacy, social support (MSPSS), mental health (SRQ-20) and coronavirus anxiety. The data were subjected to multiple linear regression analysis (α = 5%). In the state capitals, the factors associated with loss of QoL were poor mental health, lack of training, uncertainty about occupational biosafety, and lack of adaptation of services to tend to patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Among the inland municipalities, the main factors were coronavirus anxiety, poor mental health, lack of adaptation of services, lack of training, and lack of personal protective equipment (PPE). A high MSPSS (family and friends) score and self-efficacy had positive impacts on QoL in both urban settings. Our results highlight the need for investment in permanent education, PPE, social support, and mental health care for CHWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franklin Delano Soares Forte
- Departamento de Clínica e Odontologia Social, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus Universitário I, Castelo Branco I, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Zip-code 58051-900, Brazil.
| | - Neiva Francenely Cunha Vieira
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Odontologia e Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Alexandre Baraúna 1115, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, Ceará, Zip-code 60430-160, Brazil
| | - Sidney Feitoza Farias
- Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães - Fiocruz Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Zip-code 50670-420, Brazil
| | | | - Marcia Castro
- Department of Global Health and Population Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Aisha Khizar Yousafzai
- Department of Global Health and Population Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Anya Pimentel Gomes Fernandes Vieira-Meyer
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Ceará, R. São José, s/n, Eusébio, Ceará, Zip-code 61760-000, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Christus, R. João Adolfo Gurgel, 133 - Cocó, Fortaleza, Ceará, zip code 60190-180, Brazil
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Hong JC, Wu TF, Tsai WL. The Motivation for COVID-19 Vaccination and Preventive Behavior. JOURNAL OF PREVENTION (2022) 2024:10.1007/s10935-024-00787-x. [PMID: 38839737 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-024-00787-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19, a viral infection that emerged in late 2019, induces a severe acute respiratory syndrome marked by significant clinical symptoms, and the potential for progressive respiratory failure and death. People facing the threat of COVID-19 not only feared being infected, but were also worried about the side-effects of vaccination. This conflict affected their epidemic prevention behavior. To understand this issue, the present study explored whether infection anxiety affected the psychological avoidance or approach to getting vaccinated and the intention to take epidemic prevention measures. The study implemented a cross-sectional, web-based survey. We created questionnaires using Surveycake, an online e-form questionnaire platform. We used the snowball sampling method via a social media app to recruit participants. If individuals were willing to participate in the research, we emailed the e-form questionnaire link to them to collect data. After questionnaire collection, 288 questionnaires were returned, and 277 valid questionnaires were obtained for structural equation modeling analysis. According to the statistical results, it was found that infection anxiety was positively related to avoidance-avoidance conflict, and the power of infection anxiety on avoidance conflict was 23.0%. Infection anxiety was negatively related to approach-approach conflict regarding vaccination, and the power of infection anxiety on approach-approach conflict was 22.0%. Approach-approach conflict regarding vaccination was negatively related to prevention behavior, while avoidance-avoidance conflict regarding vaccination was positively related to prevention behavior. The two conflicts explained 12.5% of the total variance in prevention behavior. The study results highlight the long-term importance of achieving vaccine goals in order to prepare for future health emergencies similar to the recent COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon-Chao Hong
- Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Fang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Section 1, Heping E. D, Taipei City, 106, Taiwan.
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Maizel JL, Haller MJ, Maahs DM, Addala A, Lal RA, Filipp SL, Gurka MJ, Westen S, Dixon BN, Figg L, Hechavarria M, Malden KG, Walker AF. COVID-19 impacts and inequities among underserved communities with diabetes. J Clin Transl Endocrinol 2024; 36:100337. [PMID: 38559803 PMCID: PMC10973684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcte.2024.100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background People with diabetes have higher COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. These risks are amplified for underserved communities including racial/ethnic minorities and people with lower socioeconomic status. However, limited research has examined COVID-19 outcomes specifically affecting underserved communities with diabetes. Methods From November 2021 to July 2022, adults with insulin-requiring diabetes at federally qualified health centers in Florida and California (n = 450) completed surveys examining COVID-19 outcomes and demographics. Surveys assessed COVID-19 severity, vaccination uptake, mask-wearing habits, income changes, and healthcare access changes. Surveys also included the full Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS-19). Descriptive statistics were computed for all outcomes. Between-group comparisons for state and race/ethnicity were evaluated via Chi-Squared, Fisher's Exact, Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel, One-Way ANOVA, and t-tests. Logistic regression determined factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination uptake. Data were self-reported and analyzed cross-sectionally. Results Overall, 29.7 % reported contracting COVID-19; of those, 45.3 % sought care or were hospitalized. Most (81.3 %) received ≥ 1 vaccine. Hispanics had the highest vaccination rate (91.1 %); Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs) had the lowest (73.9 %; p =.0281). Hispanics had 4.63x greater vaccination odds than Non-Hispanic Whites ([NHWs]; 95 % CI = [1.81, 11.89]). NHWs least often wore masks (18.8 %; p <.001). Participants reported pandemic-related healthcare changes (62 %) and higher costs of diabetes medications (41 %). Income loss was more frequent in Florida (76 %; p <.001). NHBs most frequently reported "severe" income loss (26.4 %; p =.0124). Loss of health insurance was more common among NHBs (13.3 %; p =.0416) and in Florida (9.7 %; p =.039). COVID-19 anxiety was highest among NHBs and Hispanics (IQR = [0.0, 3.0]; p =.0232) and in Florida (IQR = [0.0, 2.0]; p =.0435). Conclusions Underserved communities with diabetes had high COVID-19 vaccine uptake but experienced significant COVID-19-related physical, psychosocial, and financial impacts. NHBs and those in Florida had worse outcomes than other racial/ethnic groups and those in California. Further research, interventions, and policy changes are needed to promote health equity for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Maizel
- Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Public Health, 3300 South University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
- University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions, Department of Health Services Research, Management, and Policy, 1225 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Michael J. Haller
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 1600 Southwest Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - David M. Maahs
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ananta Addala
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rayhan A. Lal
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Stephanie L. Filipp
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 1600 Southwest Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Matthew J. Gurka
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 1600 Southwest Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Sarah Westen
- University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, 1225 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Brittney N. Dixon
- University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions, Department of Health Services Research, Management, and Policy, 1225 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Lauren Figg
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Melanie Hechavarria
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 1600 Southwest Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Keilecia G. Malden
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, 1600 Southwest Archer Road, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Ashby F. Walker
- University of Florida College of Public Health and Health Professions, Department of Health Services Research, Management, and Policy, 1225 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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Abbasihormozi S, Shirin A, Hosseini R, Moayedi M, Taghi Dizaj AV, Afghan M, Kouhkan A, Vesali S. COVID-19-related fear and anxiety in a sample of patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in Iran after several peaks of the pandemic. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:789-796. [PMID: 38932871 PMCID: PMC11196430 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01353-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to assess COVID-19-related anxiety, and fear burden in diabetic patients, as a risk group for severe COVID-19. Methods A cross-sectional online survey conducted on 111 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients referred to a Diabetes clinics of Royan institute, and 155 healthy controls recruited from normal population using a snowball sampling technique. Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19 S) and Coronavirus anxiety scale (CAS) were used. Results The total score of coronavirus fear in T2DM patients was 15.79 (6.39) and in healthy controls 15.48 (5.97) (p = 0.696). The total score of coronavirus fear in T2DM patients was 15.79 (6.39) and in healthy controls 15.48 (5.97) (p = 0.696). Correlation matrix between coronavirus anxiety and fear scores in these samples confirmed that in T2DM participants CAS was significantly positively associated with FCV-19 (r = 0.407, p = 0.000). There was also statistically and positively significant correlation between CAS and FCV-19 in healthy subjects (r = 0.495, p = 0.000). Conclusion The present study revealed that the level of fear and anxiety from COVID-19 was almost the same in a sample of Iranian T2DM patients and healthy controls. The pandemic with several peaks in the country cannot cause an increased anxiety and fear from COVID-19, especially in patients with diabetes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01353-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Abbasihormozi
- Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Shirin
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Hosseini
- Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Moayedi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology Science, Kharazmi University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ahmad Vosough Taghi Dizaj
- Department of Reproductive Imaging, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Afghan
- Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Kouhkan
- Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Vesali
- Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Ayaz-Alkaya S, Erdal A, Kacar D, Kayan S, Ersoy T. Nurses' COVID-19-related fear and anxiety and their attitudes to the COVID-19 vaccine: A descriptive and correlational study. Int J Nurs Pract 2024; 30:e13212. [PMID: 37786940 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus disease 2019 has caused psychological distress such as anxiety and fear among nurses worldwide. Nurses are a creditable source of vaccine-related information and have a primary role in building confidence regarding vaccines. AIM The present study was designed to investigate the fear and anxiety of nurses regarding novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and their attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine. The predictors of fear, anxiety and attitudes towards the vaccine were also investigated. METHODS A descriptive and correlational design was used. The study was conducted in three public hospitals from different parts of the Turkey, and 405 nurses from the three hospitals were recruited by stratified sampling. RESULTS Anxiety and negative attitudes towards the vaccine were positively related to fear of COVID-19. Age and fear were also positively associated with anxiety related to COVID-19. Nurses who had received the vaccine and those who were fearful had a positive attitude towards the vaccine. CONCLUSION Psychosocial support programmes should be implemented to improve psychological resilience and coping strategies in nurses and organized education programmes are needed to increase positive attitudes towards vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aysun Erdal
- Faculty of Nursing, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilek Kacar
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sultan Kayan
- Faculty of Health Science, Public Health Nursing Department, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Ersoy
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Moroni L, Bottesi G, Bertolotti G, Cangiano A, Rizza C, Malerba A, Picozzi A, Burro R. Measuring pandemic-related anxiety and confidence in care in chronic patients using the Psychological Consequences of a Pandemic Event (PCPE) questionnaire. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3349. [PMID: 38015464 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has determined a considerable increase in psychological distress worldwide. Compared with the general population, patients with chronic conditions experience higher stress levels due to the increased risk of worse health outcomes from COVID-19 infection. Worries and fear of contagion could cause them to avoid going to their health facilities for medical examinations, which results in higher risks of morbidity and mortality. The present study aimed to develop and validate the Psychological Consequences of a Pandemic Event (PCPE) self-report questionnaire, and to assess the psychological effects of exposure to a pandemic on mood and on treatment adherence appropriate for patients with chronic diseases. Data were analysed with Rasch analysis after an Exploratory Factor Analysis and a Confirmatory Factor Analysis. We identified a final set of 10 items, divided into two independent factors labelled "pandemic-related anxiety" and "confidence in care". Finally, we transformed the raw scores of both factors into two interval scales (two rulers) that met the requirements of the fundamental measurement. The PCPE questionnaire has demonstrated to be a short and easy-to-administer measure, with valid and reliable psychometric properties, capable of assessing pandemic-related anxiety and confidence in care in patients with chronic clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gioia Bottesi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Anna Malerba
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Burro
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Appel H, Sanatkar S. Systematic Search and Scoping Review of Physicians' Intolerance of Uncertainty and Medical Decision-Making Uncertainties During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Summary of the Literature and Directions for Future Research. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2024; 31:338-358. [PMID: 37932520 PMCID: PMC11102404 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-023-09974-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Pandemic-related uncertainties and intolerance of uncertainty (IU) could negatively affect physicians' well-being and functioning, being associated with experiences of distress and problematic decision-making processes. To summarize the available quantitative and qualitative evidence of physicians' IU and decisional uncertainty during COVID-19 and problems associated with it, a systematic search was conducted to identify all relevant articles describing physician uncertainty with regard to medical decision making and well-being in COVID-19 pandemic conditions. Medical, psychological, and preprint databases were searched. Ten articles met all eligibility criteria, with eight describing quantitative and two describing qualitative research outcomes, assessed primarily in European regions and via online surveys. Associations between IU and symptoms of poor mental health and mental health risk factors were widespread, but inconsistencies emerged. Qualitative studies emphasized decisional uncertainty as a stressor for physicians, and quantitative studies suggest it may have fostered more unproven treatment choices. While the prevalence and impact of physician uncertainty under COVID-19 conditions requires further investigation, sighting available literature indicates that IU coincided with experiences of poor mental health and, at least towards the beginning of the pandemic, with willingness to endorse unproven treatments. Efforts to reduce uncertainty-related problems for physicians seem warranted, for example, through normalizing experiences of uncertainty or reducing avoidable uncertainty through maintaining open and timely communication channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Appel
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Zhang D, Yuan T, Huang A, Li X, Yang L, Wang C, Liu M, Lei Y, Sun L, Li J, Zhang L, Zhang J. Validation of the Chinese version of the Oslo-3 Social Support Scale among nursing students: a study based on Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory models. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:360. [PMID: 38816705 PMCID: PMC11137908 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-02033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing students are encountering a range of health issues. Assessing social support is a key component in most questionnaire surveys related to health status, aiming to investigate the relationships and mechanisms between health status and social support to enhance overall health. Therefore, it is essential to seek out appropriate instruments to evaluate social support for nursing students. The Oslo-3 Social Support Scale (OSSS-3) is a reliable and concise instrument for evaluating social support. To date, there have been no studies validating the OSSS-3 based on Item Response Theory (IRT) models. Also, an officially validated Chinese version has not been found. The current research intended to verify the Chinese version of the OSSS-3. METHODS The OSSS-3 was translated into Chinese and culturally adapted. Subsequently, the OSSS-3 was validated by employing the Classical Test Theory (CTT) and IRT models. RESULTS The split-half reliability was 0.622. The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.687. The correlations between each item and total scores varied from 0.723 to 0.835. The retest coefficient was 0.907. The content validity index was 0.933. A single common factor was extracted and accounted for 61.559% of the variance. The item loading values on the single factor were between 0.743 and 0.814. The communalities were between 0.552 and 0.663. There was no variance between males and females (P = 0.055). The difference in scores between the top (30%) and bottom (30%) groups attained significance. IRT models results revealed that the discrimination parameters ranged from 1.39 to 2.33 and difficulty parameters increased monotonically. CONCLUSION The OSSS-3 demonstrates satisfying psychometric properties and is a proper instrument for measuring social support in Chinese nursing students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Ting Yuan
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Anle Huang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Congzhi Wang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Liu
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Yunxiao Lei
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Lu Sun
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Yijiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province, P.R. China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Nursing Department, the People's Hospital of Yingshang, 566 Ganluo Road, Chengbei New District, Yingshang County, Anhui Province, P.R. China.
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Ferretti F, Gualtieri G, Masti A, Uvelli A. Urban safety and psychological distress during the pandemic: the results of a longitudinal study. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1343585. [PMID: 38770262 PMCID: PMC11104501 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1343585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the last decades, a large body of literature has explored the topic of perceived safety and fear of crime in urban environments. The effects of psychological factors on such feelings have been studied, but rarely using prospective studies, and never when these factors intercept a worldwide dramatic event like the pandemic. This research aimed to analyze the variations of the feelings of urban safety during the pandemic, the role of resiliency and the effect of psychological stressors such as anxiety, stress, and depression. Methods During 2019 and 2022, before and after the pandemic, a face-to-face interview was administered to the same group of 195 participants. The PUSAS scale was used to measure unsafety, the ER89-R to assess for resiliency, the DASS-21 to collect data about the general distress (anxiety, stress and depression), and the CAS scale was used to evaluate the specific coronavirus anxiety. Structural equation models were applied to test a theoretical framework grounded on the relationships between these measures. Results The research findings showed decreased feelings of unsafety across the pandemic, consistent with the literature. The positive effect of ego-resiliency was significant but only for its interaction with data collected before the pandemic, whilst stress and anxiety impacted unsafety in 2022 through different pathways. None of the symptoms of general distress influenced the concern about crime and sense of vulnerability, as the feelings of unsafety were found independent from the variations of the specific coronavirus anxiety. Discussion Although the research findings did not confirm the impact of coronavirus, they presented some facets that disconfirm what the literature reported about the relationships between psychological distress and fear of crime. Implications about measurement issues are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Ferretti
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Jessup SC, Adamis AM, Rast CE, Cox RC, Olatunji BO. Unique and interactive effects of emotion regulation difficulties and perceived stress on COVID-19 traumatic stress, anxiety, and safety behavior use: A four-year prospective study. Behav Res Ther 2024; 176:104503. [PMID: 38518395 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Given that emotion regulation difficulties confer risk for poor responses to stress, they may predict who is at risk for adverse psychological reactions to major, chronic stressors such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Specific adverse reactions to the pandemic may include more severe traumatic stress, anxiety, and excessive safety behavior use (i.e., hand washing). While emotion regulation difficulties may be a diathesis for adverse reactions to chronic stressors, the context(s) by which they may confer elevated risk is unclear. Accordingly, the present longitudinal study examined the interaction between pre-pandemic emotion regulation difficulties and early pandemic perceived stress in predicting subsequent COVID-related traumatic stress, anxiety, and safety behavior use over 32 weeks of the pandemic. Community adults (N = 145) who completed a measure of emotion regulation in 2016 as part of a larger study were recontacted at the start of the pandemic (March 2020) and assessed every two weeks for 32 weeks. Consistent with a diathesis-stress model, the interaction between difficulties in emotion regulation and perceived stress was significant in predicting COVID-19 anxiety (p = 0.003, d = 0.52) such that at high, but not low, levels of perceived stress, difficulties in emotion regulation in 2016 significantly predicted higher COVID-19 anxiety in 2020. The interaction between difficulties in emotion regulation in 2016 and perceived stress early in 2020 approached significance in predicting COVID-19 traumatic stress (p = 0.073, d = 0.31) and safety behavior use (p = 0.069, d = 0.31). These findings highlight that current perceived stress is an important context that potentiates the effects of preexisting emotion regulation difficulties on the emergence of anxiety-related symptoms during COVID-19, which has important implications for diathesis-stress models of adverse reactions to chronic stressors.
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Zhong Q, Lei G, Wu H, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Xu F, Zhang Z, Xiao Q, Li X, Shi H. Practical and psychological challenges faced by Wuhan graduates after COVID-19 was controlled. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:1127-1134. [PMID: 35622977 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2068958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: This study seeks to understand the reality and psychological difficulties faced by university graduates in Wuhan after the COVID-19 epidemic was controlled. Methods: A total of 6,417 graduate students were surveyed through an online questionnaire from late May to early June 2020. The questionnaire asked questions on depression, anxiety, insomnia, and suicidal behavior. In addition, self-administered epidemic-related questionnaires consisting of eight items were collected from university graduates. Results: Participants' positive detection rates for depression, anxiety, insomnia, and suicidal behavior are 13.4%, 8.3%, 4.4%, and 12.1%, respectively. The three biggest challenges faced by graduates are future development, economic difficulties, and employment problems. Conclusion: The detectable rate of depression, anxiety, and insomnia is low, and the detectable rate of suicide symptoms should be given more attention. The biggest problem of this group is their future development, and what they want to solve the most is the economic difficulty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyao Zhong
- Center for Mental Health Education of College Students, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, China
| | - Guanghui Lei
- Center for Mental Health Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Educational Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huifen Wu
- School of Educational Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Educational Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Educational Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinyuan Zhang
- Center for Mental Health Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheyu Zhang
- Wuhan 12 Law • Shiye Art Studio, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Byam LJ, Penney AM. COVID-19 anxiety and its relation to anxiety-related disorder symptoms and mechanisms. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 244:104179. [PMID: 38364634 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the mental health of individuals, particularly in the area of anxiety-related disorders. Anxiety regarding COVID-19 has been associated with health anxiety, panic disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms. Additionally, COVID-19 anxiety has been associated with anxiety sensitivity, disgust, maladaptive metacognitions, and intolerance of uncertainty. While researchers have established that anxiety disorders and anxiety-related mechanisms were associated with COVID-19 anxiety, which specific anxiety-related symptoms and mechanisms are primarily associated with COVID-19 anxiety needs to be more extensively explored. The current study sought to further this area by examining which particular anxiety-related disorder symptoms and mechanisms were uniquely associated with COVID-19 anxiety. A non-clinical sample of 593 Canadian undergraduate participants (Mage = 21.13 years; 67.7 % female) completed this cross-sectional study between September 2020 and February 2021. Participants completed online questionaries assessing anxiety-related disorder symptoms and mechanisms in addition to multiple scales of COVID-19 anxiety. When examining symptoms, health anxiety (prs = 0.17-0.29) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (prs = 0.16-0.35) symptoms had the strongest unique associations with COVID-19 anxiety. Among the anxiety-related mechanisms, disgust sensitivity (prs = 0.14-0.16) and health anxiety-specific intolerance of uncertainty (prs = 0.12-0.30) had the strongest unique associations with COVID-19 anxiety. Individuals experiencing these disorders and anxiety-related mechanisms may be at a heightened vulnerability to experiencing heightened anxiety during future pandemics. Mental health professionals should discuss COVID-19 anxiety with individuals experiencing health anxiety or obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms. Lastly, the study highlights the significance of considering a variety of specific anxiety-related disorder symptoms and mechanisms when working to understand pandemic anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layton J Byam
- MacEwan University, Department of Psychology, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Cabuk GB, Buyuklu AF, Karamert R, Aksoy S. Investigation of the applicability of internet-based approach to subjective tinnitus. Acta Otolaryngol 2024; 144:284-292. [PMID: 38855896 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2024.2357212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To ensure that subjective tinnitus patients develop positive attitudes toward tele-audiology. AIMS/OBJECTIVES This study investigates the appropriateness of the internet-based software in patients with subjective tinnitus. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients between the ages of 19 and 59 applying to the clinic with the subjective tinnitus filled in Tinnitus Handicap Index (THI) and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS). Visual Numeric Scale (VNS) was applied to the patients to complaint of tinnitus. Parameter measurements related to hearing and tinnitus were performed clinically. After the evaluations, 54 participants were divided into two groups to receive the 'Basic Information Material Service' (BIMS) face-to-face and online. Afterwards, THI and VNS were used to determine the current status. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the groups that received BIMS with 2 different methods (p > .05). A significant difference was found in the scores before and after BIMS in terms of THI and VNS (p < .05). A strong negative correlation was found between the duration of tinnitus and the change in THI. In addition, there is a stronger-negative relationship between the number of centers consulted and the informational benefit revealed by the scales. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE Online intervention is as effective as face-to-face interaction in the management of tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adnan Fuat Buyuklu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Recep Karamert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Songül Aksoy
- Department of Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
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Bezirganoğlu Altuntaş N, Baki Yıldırım S, Güvey H, Bayoglu Tekin Y. Association Between Pandemic-Related Maternal Perinatal Anxiety and Early Postpartum Breastfeeding Success. Cureus 2024; 16:e57590. [PMID: 38706992 PMCID: PMC11069234 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Prior studies have shown conflicting results on the impact of maternal anxiety on breastfeeding initiation and success. Furthermore, a substantial increase in maternal anxiety levels was shown in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between maternal perinatal anxiety induced by the COVID-19 pandemic and early breastfeeding outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in two regional maternity hospitals, involving 220 first-time pregnant patients with a gestational age of ≥37 weeks. All patients had no current diagnosis of COVID-19 and no cases of COVID-19 in their close environment at the time of admission. At 24-48 hours postpartum or at the time of discharge, three following scoring systems were employed: the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the LATCH (short for latch, audible swallowing, type of nipple, comfort, and hold) score. A LATCH score of ≥8 was chosen as the cutoff point for defining successful breastfeeding performance. Spearman's rank correlation was used to evaluate relationships between the CAS, STAI scores, maternal and infant factors, and LATCH scores. RESULTS There were no differences in baseline characteristics between groups categorized as successful and unsuccessful in breastfeeding initiation. The mean total STAI score was 86.3±13.2, the CAS score was 1.07±1.91, and the LATCH score was 8.42±1.7. Although there was an increase in State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State Anxiety (STAI-S) scores compared to State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait Anxiety (STAI-T) scores, and the STAI-S score and CAS score were higher in the unsuccessful group, these differences did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.22 and 0.16, respectively). When we evaluated the correlation of the LATCH score with STAI total, STAI-S and STAI-T scores, CAS score, and maternal and infant factors, only the type of delivery showed a significant correlation with the LATCH score (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS Early postpartum breastfeeding efficiency, as measured by the LATCH score, was only correlated with the type of delivery. No significant correlation was found between pandemic-related maternal perinatal anxiety and early postpartum breastfeeding success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huri Güvey
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kütahya Parkhayat Hospital, Kütahya, TUR
| | - Yesim Bayoglu Tekin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Trabzon Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, Trabzon, TUR
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Xiong Y, Rose Parasath P, Zhang Q, Jeon L. International students' perceived discrimination and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:869-880. [PMID: 35471854 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2059376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the relationship between perceived discrimination and psychological distress among international students during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A total of 188 international students from two large U.S. universities participated in the study. Perceived discrimination, psychological distress, and demographic information were assessed using self-reported questionnaires. RESULTS COVID-related variables and perceived discrimination were significantly associated with international students' psychological distress. Their COVID-related anxiety mediated the relationship between perceived discrimination and psychological distress. CONCLUSION Initiatives to mitigate the perceived discrimination experienced by international students may improve their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Xiong
- Johns Hopkins School of Education, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Priscilla Rose Parasath
- College of Education and Human Development, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Qiyang Zhang
- Johns Hopkins School of Education, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lieny Jeon
- Johns Hopkins School of Education, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Curtis AF, Jagannathan S, Musich M, Miller MB, McCrae CS. Mid-to-Late-Life Anxiety and Sleep during Initial Phase of COVID-19: Age- and Sex-Specific Insights to Inform Future Pandemic Healthcare. Brain Sci 2024; 14:346. [PMID: 38671998 PMCID: PMC11047835 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined associations between COVID-19-related anxiety and sleep in middle-aged and older adults and tested whether these varied by age or sex. In June/July 2020, middle-aged/older adults aged 50+ (n = 277, 45% women, Mage = 64.68 ± 7.83) in the United States completed measures of sleep and COVID-19-related anxiety. Multiple regressions examined whether anxiety was independently associated with or interacted with age or sex in its associations with sleep health, controlling for age, education, medical conditions, sleep/pain medication use, and COVID-19 status. Greater COVID-19 anxiety was associated with worse sleep quality and daytime dysfunction. COVID-19-related anxiety interacted with age (not sex) in associations with total sleep time and sleep efficiency. Greater anxiety was associated with shorter total sleep time and lower sleep efficiency in oldest-older adults (~73 years old) and youngest-older adults (~65 years old) but not middle-aged adults (~57 years old). In mid to late life, older adults may be most vulnerable to the impact of COVID-19-related anxiety on sleep health. Social and behavioral (e.g., knowledge on age-related vulnerability to COVID-19 risk/morbidity/mortality, uncertainty, and changes to daily routines) and physiological factors (sleep disruption and age-related autonomic dysfunction) may underlie these associations. Interventions that mitigate negative pandemic-related psychological and sleep outcomes may be particularly relevant for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley F. Curtis
- College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Sadhika Jagannathan
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
| | - Madison Musich
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Mary Beth Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65212, USA;
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Artuvan Z, Cetin H. The effect of video informing adolescents having Polymerase Chain Reaction (rRT-PCR) test on anxiety during the Coronavirüs (COVID-19) pandemic: A randomized controlled study. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 75:125-132. [PMID: 38154419 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to determine if video information on Polymerase Chain Reaction (rRT-PCR) testing reduces anxiety in adolescents. DESIGN AND METHODS A randomized controlled experimental study with a parallel-group design was conducted. The sample size was determined by G*Power analysis, and 136 adolescents were included in each group accordingly. The data were collected using the Child/Parent Information Form, State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Chi-square, Independent Sample t-test, and Paired Sample t-test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS It was determined that adolescents experienced moderate anxiety before the procedure. It was found that the majority of adolescents did not have a COVID-19 positive patient in their relatives (83.1%) or in the same house (82.7%). It was determined that they had COVID-19 positive friends at school (56.2%) but not in class (61.4%) and had no contact with positive friends (69.1%). While the post-operative state anxiety level of the adolescents informed by video was 38.76 ± 10.77, the anxiety level of the adolescents in the control group was 41.68 ± 11.92. Informing with video significantly decreased the anxiety level of adolescents (p = 0.035). CONCLUSION Video information reduces state anxiety after the procedure. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS It is recommended that video information before rRT-PCR test should be implemented in all hospitals, tablets, televisions, or phones should be used to provide information against the risk of contamination, and other studies should be conducted to show the effectiveness of video information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hacer Cetin
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mersin University, 33343 Mersin, Turkey.
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Mars SG, Spinelli MA, Ondocsin J, Koester KA, Rodriguez ES, Jain J, Arreguin M, Johnson MO, Gandhi M. Pandemic expertise: qualitative findings on the experiences of living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic. AIDS Care 2024; 36:382-389. [PMID: 37621106 PMCID: PMC10891295 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2023.2248579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
This qualitative study explored the experiences of people living with HIV (PLWH) in the San Francisco Bay Area, United States, during the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent public health restrictions at a safety net HIV clinic. Patients (N = 30) were recruited for Spanish/English language semi-structured interviews (n = 30), translated when necessary, and analyzed thematically. The recurring theme of "pandemic expertise" emerged from the data: skills and attitudes developed through living with HIV helped PLWH cope with the COVID-19 pandemic, including effective strategies for dealing with anxiety and depression; appreciation for life; and practical experience of changing behavior to protect their health. A subset did not consider living with HIV helped them adapt to the COVID-19 pandemic, with some describing their lives as chaotic due to housing issues and/or ongoing substance use. Overall, interviewees reported finding trustworthy health information that helped them follow COVID-19 prevention strategies. Although living with HIV is associated with a higher prevalence of mental health concerns, substance use, and stigma, these challenges can also contribute to increased self-efficacy, adaptation, and resilience. Addressing structural issues such as housing appears to be key to responding to both pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah G Mars
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew A Spinelli
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeff Ondocsin
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kim A Koester
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Jain
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavior Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mireya Arreguin
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mallory O Johnson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Monica Gandhi
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Adamis AM, Cole DA, Olatunji BO. Intolerance of Uncertainty and Worry Prospectively Predict COVID-19 Anxiety and Distress: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study. Behav Ther 2024; 55:320-330. [PMID: 38418043 PMCID: PMC10902602 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic precipitated an uptick in poor mental health outcomes, including coronavirus-related anxiety and distress. Preliminary research has shown that intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and worry proneness, two transdiagnostic risk factors for anxiety and related disorders, are associated cross-sectionally with pandemic-related fear and distress. However, the extent to which IU and worry proneness prospectively predict coronavirus-related anxiety and distress is unclear. Whether IU and worry may also interact in prospectively predicting coronavirus-related anxiety and distress is also unknown. To address this knowledge gap, the present study examined IU and trait worry as prospective predictors of the level and trajectory of coronavirus anxiety and COVID stress syndrome over time, as well as the extent to which worry moderated the relation between IU and pandemic-related outcomes. Participants (n = 310) who completed self-report measures of IU and trait worry in 2016 were contacted following the onset of COVID-19 in 2020 and completed biweekly measures of coronavirus anxiety and COVID stress syndrome for 30 weeks. Multilevel models revealed that IU assessed in 2016 significantly predicted the severity of both coronavirus anxiety and COVID stress syndrome throughout the study period in 2020. Worry also moderated the link between IU and coronavirus anxiety, such that individuals with high levels of trait worry and high IU in 2016 experienced the most coronavirus anxiety in 2020. Results suggest that IU and worry functioned as independent and interactive vulnerability factors for subsequent adverse psychological reactions to COVID-19. Clinical implications and future directions are discussed.
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Verrall CE, Tran DL, Kasparian NA, Williams T, Oxenham V, Ayer J, Celermajer DS, Cordina RL. Cognitive Functioning and Psychosocial Outcomes in Adults with Complex Congenital Heart Disease: A Cross-sectional Pilot Study. Pediatr Cardiol 2024; 45:529-543. [PMID: 38261061 PMCID: PMC10891231 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-023-03376-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Adults with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) are at risk for cognitive dysfunction. However, associations between cognitive dysfunction and psychosocial outcomes are poorly defined. Between June and November 2022, we prospectively recruited 39 adults with complex CHD who completed a computerized cognitive assessment (Cogstate) and validated psychosocial scales measuring psychological distress, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and resilience. Participants had a mean age of 36.4 ± 11.2 years. Over half (62%) were women, most (79%) had complex biventricular CHD, and 21% had Fontan physiology. Prevalence of cognitive dysfunction was greatest in the domains of attention (29%), working memory (25%), and psychomotor speed (21%). Adjusting for age and sex, Pearson partial correlations between Cogstate z-scores and self-reported cognitive problems were small. Participants who lived in the most disadvantaged areas and those with a below-average annual household income had lower global cognitive z-scores (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively). Two-thirds (64%) reported elevated symptoms of depression, anxiety, and/or stress. Small correlations were observed between psychological distress and cognitive performance. Greater resilience was associated with lower psychological distress (r ≥ -0.5, p < 0.001) and higher HRQOL (r = 0.33, p = 0.02). Our findings demonstrate that adults with complex CHD have a high risk of cognitive dysfunction, though may not recognize or report their cognitive challenges. Lower socioeconomic status may be an indicator for those at risk of poorer cognitive functioning. Psychological distress is common though may not be a strong correlate of performance-based cognitive functioning. Formal cognitive evaluation in this patient population is essential. Optimizing resilience may be a protective strategy to minimize psychological distress and bolster HRQOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E Verrall
- The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Heart Centre for Children, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Clinical Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Derek L Tran
- The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Clinical Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nadine A Kasparian
- Heart and Mind Wellbeing Center, Heart Institute and Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Tracey Williams
- Kids Rehab, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vincent Oxenham
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Julian Ayer
- The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Heart Centre for Children, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David S Celermajer
- The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Clinical Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachael L Cordina
- The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Clinical Research Group, Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Turhan A, Büyükturan Ö, Konar NM, Büyükturan B, Basat EM. Assessment of Physical Activity During Pandemic Periods: Development of the Questionnaire, Determination of Primary Validity, and Psychometric Properties. Cureus 2024; 16:e56612. [PMID: 38646291 PMCID: PMC11032649 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop the "Pandemic Period Physical Activity Scale (PPPAS)" to determine the physical activity level of healthy individuals during the pandemic period. Research data were collected from the "Socio-Demographic Questionnaire Form," "International Physical Activity Short Form," "Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia," "Coronavirus Anxiety Scale," "Epidemic Anxiety Scale," "Expert Evaluation Form," and "Pandemic Period Physical Activity Scale," exploratory factor analysis revealed that the scale consisted of 3 sub-dimensions and 31 items. Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the fit indices χ2/Df: 2.343; root mean square error of approximation: 0.048; incremental fit index: 0.955; comparative fit index: 0.954; goodness of fit index: 0.912; normed fit index: 0.923; non-normed fit index: 0.950; adjusted goodness of fit index: 0.896; root mean square residuals: 0.060; standardized root mean square residual: 0.047. The total Cronbach Alpha coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.912 while the intraclass correlation coefficient of the scale was calculated as 0.958 (p<0.001). As a result of the analyses conducted, it was concluded that the PPPAS is a valid and reliable measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atahan Turhan
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, TUR
| | - Öznur Büyükturan
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, TUR
| | - Naime Meric Konar
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, Bandirma, TUR
| | - Buket Büyükturan
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, TUR
| | - Ezgi Metin Basat
- Department of Turkish Language and Literature, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, TUR
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Zvolensky MJ, Bakhshaie J, Redmond BY, Smit T, Nikčević AV, Spada MM, Distaso W. Coronavirus Anxiety, COVID Anxiety Syndrome and Mental Health: A Test Among Six Countries During March 2021. Clin Psychol Psychother 2024; 31:e2988. [PMID: 38654488 PMCID: PMC11200194 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health outcomes is widely documented. Specifically, individuals experiencing greater degrees of severity in coronavirus anxiety have demonstrated higher levels of generalized anxiety, depression and psychological distress. Yet the pathways in which coronavirus anxiety confers vulnerability are not well known. The present investigation sought to address this gap in the scientific literature by testing the indirect effect of the COVID-19 anxiety syndrome, which centres on the function of detecting and managing the environmental threat of virus exposure and its sequalae. Data were collected during the height of the pandemic (March 2021) and included 5297 adults across six countries. Structural equation modelling techniques revealed that the COVID-19 anxiety syndrome evidenced a statistically significant indirect effect between coronavirus anxiety and generalized anxiety, depression and work/social adjustment. Overall, results suggest there could be public health merit to targeting anxiety related to virus exposure to improve behavioural health for those who are struggling with excessive fear and worry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Zvolensky
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- HEALTH Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jafar Bakhshaie
- Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brooke Y. Redmond
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tanya Smit
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ana V. Nikčević
- Department of Psychology, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, UK
| | | | - Walter Distaso
- Imperial College Business School, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Soluk Özdemir Y, Paker N, Şişmanoğlu Ataç N, Buğdaycı D, Öneş K. COVID-19-related anxiety and obsession levels in stroke patients and family caregivers and their effects on caregiver burden. NEUROPSYCHIATRIE : KLINIK, DIAGNOSTIK, THERAPIE UND REHABILITATION : ORGAN DER GESELLSCHAFT OSTERREICHISCHER NERVENARZTE UND PSYCHIATER 2024; 38:24-31. [PMID: 38315321 DOI: 10.1007/s40211-024-00490-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to describe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related dysfunctional anxiety and thinking in patients with stroke and caregivers who are family members and their effects on caregiver burden. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 79 stroke patients and their primary caregivers who were hospitalised in a tertiary rehabilitation hospital. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) and Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS) were used to assess the levels of COVID-19-related dysfunctional anxiety and obsession of the patients and their caregivers. Caregiver burden was assessed via the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). RESULTS In the patients with stroke, COVID-19-related anxiety and COVID-19-related obsession rates were 13.9% (n = 11) and 7.6% (n = 6), respectively, while 17.7% (n = 14) of caregiver family members had COVID-19-related anxiety and 11.4% (n = 9) had COVID-19-related obsession. The CAS score of caregivers showed a significant positive correlation with the CAS and OCS scores of patients (p = 0.000, r = 0.423; p = 0.007, r = 0.300, respectively). The OCS score of caregivers showed a significant positive correlation with the OCS scores of the patients (p = 0.000, r = 0.476). The mean ZBI score of caregiver family members was 31.9 ± 13.5. A significant positive correlation was observed between the caregiver's OCS and CAS scores and ZBI scores (p = 0.002, r = -0.349; p = 0.004, r = 0.323, respectively). CONCLUSION In this study, a significant relationship between caregiver burden and COVID-19-related anxiety and obsession in the caregivers of stroke patients was identified. Therefore, caregivers of stroke patients should not be forgotten during pandemics and should receive physical and psychological support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelda Soluk Özdemir
- Istanbul Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nurdan Paker
- Istanbul Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazlı Şişmanoğlu Ataç
- Istanbul Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Buğdaycı
- Istanbul Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kadriye Öneş
- Istanbul Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Cheng C, Ying W, Ebrahimi OV, Wong KFE. Coping style and mental health amid the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: a culture-moderated meta-analysis of 44 nations. Health Psychol Rev 2024; 18:141-164. [PMID: 36762601 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2023.2175015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
In the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, the rapid transmission of a novel virus and the unprecedented disease-mitigation measures have elicited considerable stress in many countries worldwide. Coping with pandemic stress may be differentially related to psychological symptoms across countries characterised by distinct cultural values. This study aimed to: (a) synthesise the literature by investigating the associations between some major types of coping style and psychological symptoms, and (b) investigate the moderating effects of culture on these associations. We performed a three-level random-effects meta-analysis, which included 151 independent samples from 44 countries across eight world regions (n = 137,088, 66% women, Mage = 36.08). For both problem-focused and avoidant coping styles, their hypothesised associations with psychological symptoms were robust across the countries (anxiety: rs = -.11 and .31; depression: rs = -.19 and .33; ps < .0001). For both emotion-focused and social support seeking styles, their associations with psychological symptoms were moderated by two Hofstede's cultural dimensions: uncertainty avoidance (intolerance of ambiguity) and masculinity (concern for achievement and success). The hypothesised negative coping style-symptom associations were found only in the countries with lower levels of uncertainty avoidance or masculinity, but opposite patterns of findings were found in those with higher levels of either of these two cultural dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Cheng
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Weijun Ying
- Department of Education, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Omid V Ebrahimi
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, Modum Bad Psychiatric Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kin Fai Ellick Wong
- Department of Management, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Li X, Wang J, Yu H, Liu Y, Xu X, Lin J, Yang N. How does physical activity improve adolescent resilience? Serial indirect effects via self-efficacy and basic psychological needs. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17059. [PMID: 38436018 PMCID: PMC10909365 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Resilience is vital for improving mental health and well-being during adolescence, which is an important yet vulnerable period. Previous research has indicated that physical activity enhances individual resilience. However, limited studies have examined underlying psychological mechanisms between them. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of physical activity on adolescent resilience via self-efficacy and basic psychological needs. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1,732 high school students aged 16 to 20 years old (mean age: 16.51 ± 0.77 years), with nearly equal number of boys (47.63%) and girls (52.37%). They each completed the Physical Exercise Questionnaire, Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Resilience Scale, respectively. A serial indirect model was constructed to examine how physical activity influences resilience. Results Structural equation model analysis revealed that physical activity significantly and directly predicted resilience. When self-efficacy and basic psychological needs were included in the model, both direct and indirect effects were observed. Specifically, the positive relationship between physical activity and resilience was partially mediated by self-efficacy and basic psychological needs. In addition, basic psychological needs and self-efficacy were found to serially mediate the direct relathonship between physical activity and resilience. Conclusions The present study provides novel theoretical insights into sports psychology by establishing a link between basic psychological needs and self-efficacy. The findings have implications for school administrators and physical education instructors in designing targeted interventions to promote adolescent resilience. These interventions may involve creating supportive environment conductive to fulfilling students' basic psychological needs, implementing strategies to enhance self-efficacy beliefs, and providing opportunities for skill development and mastery experiences in sports and physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Li
- Brain and Cognition Research Center (CerCo), Université Paul Sabatier (Toulouse III), Toulouse, CHU Purpan, France
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Physical Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Huasen Yu
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoling Xu
- Fujian Province Nanping No. 1 High School, Nanping, China
| | - Jiabin Lin
- School of Physical Education, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Institute of Physical Education, Shandong Youth University of Political Science, Ji’nan, China
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