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Undarwati A, Why FYP. BMI and explicit-implicit cues on food choice: The fake food buffet in the United Kingdom and Indonesia. Appetite 2024; 201:107617. [PMID: 39097098 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
We examined whether people with high BMI sampled from two different countries were more susceptible to behavioural change via an implicit, rather than explicit, intervention. We measured BMI and used three types of cue interventions (implicit vs explicit healthy lifestyle cue vs neutral cue) to examine their impact on our participants' food choice using the Fake Food Buffet. Healthiness of the meal chosen was measured by the percentage of healthy food items in the meal. Portion size of their chosen meal was operationalised by the total number of food items chosen and its total calorie content was also estimated. Participants were recruited from the United Kingdom (N = 264) and Indonesia (N = 264). Our results indicated that while explicit food cues were overall more effective, implicit cues were a more effective strategy to change food choice behaviours among individuals with high BMI. Participants with high BMI were more likely to regulate the healthiness of their meal and less likely to regulate its portion size or calorie content. The efficacy of our healthy eating interventions was cross-culturally generalizable. Our study supports previous research that implicit cues of a healthy lifestyle might be a more effective behavioural change strategy for individuals with high BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Undarwati
- Universitas Negeri Semarang, Psychology Department, Indonesia; University of Hull, United Kingdom
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2
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Chen J, Fan Y, Zhang M, Wu S, Li H. The neural model of front-of-package label processing. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:374-388. [PMID: 37604108 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Front-of-package (FOP) labels have been adopted in many countries to battle the obesity pandemic and its serious health consequences by providing clearer and easier-to-understand nutrition and health information. The effectiveness of FOP labels has been generally confirmed, with some contextual and individual factors modifying their effectiveness. Existing theories (eg, the dual-process theory) and shifting priorities for self-control, provide some explanations for the FOP label effect. However, the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying the processing of FOP labels remain unknown. Here, a new model, namely, the neural model of FOP label processing, has been proposed to fill this gap by providing an integrated account of FOP label processing while simultaneously considering multiple important situational and individual factors in the same framework. This neural model is built on the core eating network (ie, the ventral reward pathway and the dorsal control pathway) for food cue processing and actual food consumption. The new model explains how FOP labels may facilitate attention, influence the core eating network, and thus alter food choices. It also demonstrates how motivation may modify FOP label processing in 2 ways: affecting attention (the indirect way) and changing the process of evaluating the food (the direct way). It further explains how some contextual and individual factors (eg, ego depletion, time pressure, and health knowledge) influence the process. Thus, the neural model integrates evidence from behavioral, eye-tracking, and neuroimaging studies into a single, integrated account, deepening understanding of the cognitive and neural mechanisms of FOP label processing. This model might facilitate consensus on the most successful FOP label. Moreover, it could provide insights for consumers, food industries, and policy makers and encourage healthy eating behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yixuan Fan
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Manlu Zhang
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuhuan Wu
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huiyan Li
- School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
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3
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Goldstein SP, Mwenda KM, Hoover AW, Shenkle O, Jones RN, Thomas JG. The Fully Understanding Eating and Lifestyle Behaviors (FUEL) trial: Protocol for a cohort study harnessing digital health tools to phenotype dietary non-adherence behaviors during lifestyle intervention. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241271783. [PMID: 39175923 PMCID: PMC11339753 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241271783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Lifestyle intervention can produce clinically significant weight loss and reduced disease risk/severity for many individuals with overweight/obesity. Dietary lapses, instances of non-adherence to the recommended dietary goal(s) in lifestyle intervention, are associated with less weight loss and higher energy intake. There are distinct "types" of dietary lapse (e.g., eating an off-plan food, eating a larger portion), and behavioral, psychosocial, and contextual mechanisms may differ across dietary lapse types. Some lapse types also appear to impact weight more than others. Elucidating clear lapse types thus has potential for understanding and improving adherence to lifestyle intervention. Methods This 18-month observational cohort study will use real-time digital assessment tools within a multi-level factor analysis framework to uncover "lapse phenotypes" and understand their impact on clinical outcomes. Adults with overweight/obesity (n = 150) will participate in a 12-month online lifestyle intervention and 6-month weight loss maintenance period. Participants will complete 14-day lapse phenotyping assessment periods at baseline, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months in which smartphone surveys, wearable devices, and geolocation will assess dietary lapses and relevant phenotyping characteristics. Energy intake (via 24-h dietary recall) and weight will be collected at each assessment period. Results This trial is ongoing; data collection began on 31 October 2022 and is scheduled to complete by February 2027. Conclusion Results will inform novel precision tools to improve dietary adherence in lifestyle intervention, and support updated theoretical models of adherence behavior. Additionally, these phenotyping methods can likely be leveraged to better understand non-adherence to other health behavior interventions. Trial Registration This study was prospectively registered https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05562427.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie P. Goldstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital/Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Kevin M. Mwenda
- Spatial Structures in the Social Sciences, Population Studies and Training Center, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Adam W. Hoover
- Holcombe Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Olivia Shenkle
- Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Richard N. Jones
- Quantitative Science Program, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Department of Neurology, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - John Graham Thomas
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital/Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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Silveira VNDC, França AKTDC, Campelo CL, Machado PMA, dos Santos AM. Proposition of an Energy Intake Estimating Scale through Item Response Theory. Nutrients 2023; 15:4511. [PMID: 37960164 PMCID: PMC10650126 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional methods for assessing individual energy consumption often involve lengthy and intricate procedures. This study aims to introduce an Energy Consumption Estimation Scale, utilizing Item Response Theory (IRT) for adolescents aged 18-19 years. METHODS This psychometric investigation applies IRT to 93 items extracted from a validated food frequency questionnaire. The study encompasses a representative sample of 2515 adolescents from the São Luís birth cohort in Brazil. The latent trait, energy intake, is derived using IRT and subsequently validated through hierarchical multiple linear regression modeling. Significance was established at p < 0.05. RESULTS A Samejima's model was successfully fitted (CFI and TLI > 0.9 and RMSEA < 0.08), effectively capturing variations across all energy consumption levels. Factors associated with the latent trait demonstrate consistent behavioral patterns. Adolescents with higher energy intake exhibited increased consumption of dairy products, artificially sweetened beverages, and seasonal fruits and vegetables. CONCLUSIONS The proposed Energy Consumption Estimation Scale demonstrates a reliable measurement of energy intake and serves as a practical and concise alternative for assessing energy consumption among adolescents. These findings suggest the potential for adapting similar models for different age groups and incorporating diverse food items based on the obtained results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Nogueira da Cruz Silveira
- Postgraduate Programme in Collective Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (A.K.T.d.C.F.); (A.M.d.S.)
| | | | - Cleber Lopes Campelo
- Higher School of Health Sciences—Bachelor of Nursing, State University of Amazonas, Nurse at Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Manaus 69850-000, Brazil;
| | | | - Alcione Miranda dos Santos
- Postgraduate Programme in Collective Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (A.K.T.d.C.F.); (A.M.d.S.)
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Li Y, Gao X, Xu Y, Cao J, Ding W, Li J, Yang H, Huang Y, Ge J. A multicomponent index method to evaluate the relationship between urban environment and CHD prevalence. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2023.100569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Fooken J, Vo LK. Are stunted child - overweight mother pairs a real defined entity or a statistical artifact? ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2022; 47:101199. [PMID: 36410087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2022.101199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In a methodological contribution, Dieffenbach & Stein (DS) (The Journal of Nutrition, 142(4), 771-773.) concluded that the double burden of malnutrition (DBM), represented by stunted child - overweight mother pairs (SCOM), is a statistical artifact, meaning that SCOM does not describe a unique phenomenon because the observed rates of SCOM across a number of countries were not strongly different from the product of observed rates of maternal overweight (OM) and child stunting (SC), which DS referred to as the expected rate of SCOM. However, a growing literature continues to use SCOM as an indicator of the DBM. This study shows that the analysis by DS is not sufficient to conclude that SCOM can be explained by the co-occurrence of OM and SC due to chance alone because the analysis by DS was conducted at the country level, but applied to SCOM, which is a household-level variable. Using Demographic and Health Surveys data from 202 country-year data sets, we do not confirm important implicit assumptions that are required for the claim by DS to be supported. We also outline that comparing the expected to the observed rate of SCOM is primarily informative when putting it in relation to factors that influence the supply and demand of food consumed by households. When considering these factors, we find further evidence that it is misleading to consider SCOM as a statistical artifact, as the difference between the observed and the expected rate of SCOM significantly differs by household wealth. Recognizing that SCOM is a distinct phenomenon is important for policymakers who develop double-duty strategies that address malnutrition, and for researchers who need useful indicators to study the determinants of malnutrition at the household level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Fooken
- Centre for the Business and Economics of Health, The University of Queensland, Level 5, Sir Llew Edwards Building (#14), Corner of Campbell Rd and University Drive, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Linh K Vo
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
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Torres-Collado L, García-de la Hera M, Cano-Ibañez N, Bueno-Cavanillas A, Vioque J. Association between Dietary Diversity and All-Cause Mortality: A Multivariable Model in a Mediterranean Population with 18 Years of Follow-Up. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081583. [PMID: 35458145 PMCID: PMC9029508 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the relationship between the dietary diversity score (DDS) and all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality in an adult Mediterranean population. We analyzed the data of 1540 participants from the Valencia Nutrition Survey. The DDS was estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire and was categorized into quartiles (Q), where the first quartile indicates the lowest dietary diversity. Deaths were ascertained during an 18-year follow-up period. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). There were 403 deaths during the follow-up period (40% due to CVD). An inverse association was observed between the DDS and all-cause and CVD mortality. Compared with participants in the lowest DDS quartile (Q1), participants in the highest DDS quartile (Q4) showed 32% and 45% less risk of death for all-cause and CVD mortality, in sex- and age-adjusted models, respectively. Regarding the food groups in the DDS, an inverse association was identified between total vegetable consumption diversity and all-cause and CVD mortality in the highest quartiles, (Q3 vs. Q1, HR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.50, 0.99) and (Q4 vs. Q1, HR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.91), respectively. This study suggests that a higher diversity in food intake, particularly in vegetables, may be associated with a lower risk of all-cause and CVD mortality. This association should be further investigated in other wider populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Torres-Collado
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, ISABIAL-UMH, 03010 Alicante, Spain; (L.T.-C.); (J.V.)
- Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Departamento de Salud Pública, Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología, Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03550 Alicante, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (N.C.-I.); (A.B.-C.)
| | - Manuela García-de la Hera
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, ISABIAL-UMH, 03010 Alicante, Spain; (L.T.-C.); (J.V.)
- Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Departamento de Salud Pública, Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología, Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03550 Alicante, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (N.C.-I.); (A.B.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-965919517
| | - Naomi Cano-Ibañez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (N.C.-I.); (A.B.-C.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (N.C.-I.); (A.B.-C.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, ISABIAL-UMH, 03010 Alicante, Spain; (L.T.-C.); (J.V.)
- Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Departamento de Salud Pública, Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología, Universidad Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03550 Alicante, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (N.C.-I.); (A.B.-C.)
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Zhai J, Ma B, Lyu Q, Guo L, Khatun P, Liang R, Cong M, Kong Y. Validation of the nutrient-rich foods index estimated by 24-h dietary recall method among adults in Henan province of China. Public Health Nutr 2022; 25:1-9. [PMID: 35333149 PMCID: PMC9991569 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980022000465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A family of nutrient-rich food (NRF) indices was validated against the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) and their associations with obesity were tested. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. NRF indices include nutrients to encourage ranging from 6-11 (protein; fibre; vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin B12; Ca; Fe; K; Mg; Zn) and two nutrients to limit (saturated fat and Na), described as NRFn.2 (where n 6-11), based on reference amount of 100 g or 100 kcal using the NRF index family of algorithms. The percentage of variation in MAR (R2) was the criteria of index performance. Logistic regression models were applied to predict the association between NRF index and obesity. SETTING Three communities in Zhengzhou city, Henan province, China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 656 adults were recruited from Henan as the subjects. RESULTS The NRF9·2 index, based on nine beneficial nutrients and two nutrients to limit, using the algorithm based on sums and 100 kcal, had the higher R2 values (R2 = 0·232). The OR for overweight (defined by BMI) in the 4th quartile (Q4) v. the 1st quartile (Q1) of the NRF9·2 index was 0·61 (95 % CI = 0·37, 0·98) after multiple adjustments. CONCLUSION NRF9·2 index using the algorithm based on sums and 100 kcal gave the best predicted model for diet quality. NRF9·2 index score was associated with overweight defined by BMI, but it was not associated with central obesity. The NRF9·2 index is a valid tool to assess the overall diet quality among adults in Henan province of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Zhai
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou450008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baihui Ma
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou450008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quanjun Lyu
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijun Guo
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou450008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pipasha Khatun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minghua Cong
- Department of Comprehensive Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongxia Kong
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou450008, People’s Republic of China
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Ames BN. Musings in the twilight of my career. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 178:219-225. [PMID: 34863877 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
I present a summary of my research during the last few decades of research which focused on understanding the biochemical basis for maintaining an optimum metabolism to support long-term health. I realized that adequate levels of ∼40 vitamins and minerals needed as cofactors in thousands of metabolic reactions were critical for maintaining a healthy metabolism, and thus for longevity and prevention of chronic disease. Inadequate dietary intake of vitamins and minerals accelerates the risk of aging-associated diseases, leading to insidious damage. The Triage Theory provides a mechanistic rationale for such damage: shortage of a nutrient triggers a built-in rationing mechanism that allocates the scarce nutrient to proteins needed for immediate survival (survival proteins), at the expense of those needed for long-term survival (longevity proteins). Many as-yet-unknown longevity vitamins and proteins likely remain to be discovered. The fiber and nutrient-rich CHORI-bar was developed to fill gaps in inadequate diets; it yielded broadscale metabolic improvements. The health-related damages resulting from vitamin D deficiency and the positive effects of vitamin D supplementation were connected to numerous health-related problems, including the higher level of deficiency in people of color residing at northern latitudes. In general, prevention of degenerative diseases of aging requires expertise in metabolism, nutrition, biochemistry and regulatory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce N Ames
- Emeritus, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA.
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10
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Kovacs P, Hajnal A. Short-term high-fat diet consumption increases body weight and body adiposity and alters brain stem taste information processing in rats. Chem Senses 2022; 47:6673811. [PMID: 35997757 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjac020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity is known to develop whether exposed to a high-energy diet (HED) or a high-fat diet (HFD). However, it is still not clear whether the elevated energy content or the macronutrient imbalance is the key factor in early disease progression. Therefore, this study compared the short-term effects of 2 widely used rodent obesogenic diets, an HFD with 60 kcal% fat content and a carbohydrate-based HED, on the body weight, body fat content, glucose tolerance, and neuronal taste responses in rats. We found that only HFD induced an early significant body weight increase compared with the control normal diet (ND) group, starting on week 4, and resulting in a significantly elevated body adiposity compared with both the ND and HED groups. Oral glucose tolerance test revealed no difference across groups. Subsequently, we also found that HFD resulted in a significant body weight gain even under energy-restricted (isocaloric to ND) conditions. In vivo electrophysiological recordings revealed that only the ad libitum HFD and not the isocaloric-HFD altered the brain stem gustatory neural responses to oral taste stimulation. In conclusion, this study showed that increased fat intake might result in significant body weight gain even under isocaloric and metabolically healthy conditions and demonstrated changes in central taste processing in an early stage of dietary obesity. A better understanding of these initial physiological changes may offer new drug targets for preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kovacs
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Andras Hajnal
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Gallo LA, Gallo TF, Young SL, Fotheringham AK, Barclay JL, Walker JL, Moritz KM, Akison LK. Adherence to Dietary and Physical Activity Guidelines in Australian Undergraduate Biomedical Students and Associations with Body Composition and Metabolic Health: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103500. [PMID: 34684500 PMCID: PMC8538134 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a paucity of data on whether Australian university students are meeting specific nutrient guidelines, and the relationship between diet and physical activity patterns with body composition and metabolic health. In this study, biomedical students from The University of Queensland were recruited (150 males and 211 females, 19–25 years), and nutritional intake (ASA24-Australia) and physical activity levels (Active Australia Survey) quantified. Body composition (height, waist circumference, body mass, BMI, and percentage body fat; BOD POD) and metabolic health (oral glucose tolerance test) were also measured. Median daily energy intake was 6760 kJ in females and 10,338 kJ in males, with more than 30% of total energy coming from energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods. Only 1 in 10 students met fruit or vegetable recommendations, with less than one third meeting recommendations for fibre, calcium, and potassium. Intakes of calcium and iron were particularly low among female students, with only 16% and 6% of students meeting the recommended dietary intake (RDI), respectively. The majority of males and almost half of all females exceeded the suggested dietary target (SDT) for sodium. Sufficient physical activity (≥150 min over ≥5 sessions per week) was met by more than 80% of students. Body composition and blood glucose concentrations were largely normal but an early sign of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR > 2.0), measured in a subset of students, was present in 21% of males and 17% of females. Modest reductions in blood glucose levels and percentage body fat were associated with increasing vigorous activity. Low intakes of fibre, calcium, and potassium could be corrected by increasing fruit, vegetable, and dairy intake, and, among females, health promotion messages focusing on iron-rich foods should be prioritised. While these nutrient deficiencies did not translate into immediate metabolic heath concerns, dietary behaviours can track into adulthood and have lasting effects on overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A. Gallo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (S.L.Y.); (K.M.M.); (L.K.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tania F. Gallo
- North Melbourne Football Club, Arden Street, North Melbourne, VIC 3051, Australia;
| | - Sophia L. Young
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (S.L.Y.); (K.M.M.); (L.K.A.)
| | - Amelia K. Fotheringham
- Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (A.K.F.); (J.L.B.)
| | - Johanna L. Barclay
- Mater Research Institute—The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; (A.K.F.); (J.L.B.)
| | - Jacqueline L. Walker
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Karen M. Moritz
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (S.L.Y.); (K.M.M.); (L.K.A.)
| | - Lisa K. Akison
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (S.L.Y.); (K.M.M.); (L.K.A.)
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Wild LE, Patterson WB, Jones RB, Plows JF, Berger PK, Rios C, Fogel JL, Goran MI, Alderete TL. Risk of Micronutrient Inadequacy among Hispanic, Lactating Mothers: Preliminary Evidence from the Southern California Mother's Milk Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:3252. [PMID: 34579129 PMCID: PMC8465791 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Micronutrients are dietary components important for health and physiological function, and inadequate intake of these nutrients can contribute to poor health outcomes. The risk of inadequate micronutrient intake has been shown to be greater among low-income Hispanics and postpartum and lactating women. Therefore, we aimed to determine the risk of nutrient inadequacies based on preliminary evidence among postpartum, Hispanic women. Risk of micronutrient inadequacy for Hispanic women (29-45 years of age) from the Southern California Mother's Milk Study (n = 188) was assessed using 24 h dietary recalls at 1 and 6 months postpartum and the estimated average requirement (EAR) fixed cut-point approach. Women were considered at risk of inadequate intake for a nutrient if more than 50% of women were consuming below the EAR. The Chronic Disease Risk Reduction (CDRR) value was also used to assess sodium intake. These women were at risk of inadequate intake for folate and vitamins A, D, and E, with 87.0%, 93.4%, 43.8%, and 95% of women consuming less than the EAR for these nutrients, respectively. Lastly, 71.7% of women consumed excess sodium. Results from this preliminary analysis indicate that Hispanic women are at risk of inadequate intake of important micronutrients for maternal and child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Wild
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, 354 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; (L.E.W.); (W.B.P.)
| | - William B. Patterson
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, 354 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; (L.E.W.); (W.B.P.)
| | - Roshonda B. Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (R.B.J.); (J.F.P.); (P.K.B.); (C.R.); (J.L.F.); (M.I.G.)
| | - Jasmine F. Plows
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (R.B.J.); (J.F.P.); (P.K.B.); (C.R.); (J.L.F.); (M.I.G.)
| | - Paige K. Berger
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (R.B.J.); (J.F.P.); (P.K.B.); (C.R.); (J.L.F.); (M.I.G.)
| | - Claudia Rios
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (R.B.J.); (J.F.P.); (P.K.B.); (C.R.); (J.L.F.); (M.I.G.)
| | - Jennifer L. Fogel
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (R.B.J.); (J.F.P.); (P.K.B.); (C.R.); (J.L.F.); (M.I.G.)
| | - Michael I. Goran
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; (R.B.J.); (J.F.P.); (P.K.B.); (C.R.); (J.L.F.); (M.I.G.)
| | - Tanya L. Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, 354 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; (L.E.W.); (W.B.P.)
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Rudolf Virchow, poverty and global health: from “politics as medicine on a grand scale” to “health in all policies”. GLOBAL HEALTH JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.glohj.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Flieh SM, Moreno LA, Miguel-Berges ML, Stehle P, Marcos A, Molnár D, Widhalm K, Béghin L, De Henauw S, Kafatos A, Leclercq C, Gonzalez-Gross M, Dallongeville J, Molina-Hidalgo C, González-Gil EM. Free Sugar Consumption and Obesity in European Adolescents: The HELENA Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123747. [PMID: 33291491 PMCID: PMC7762126 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have evaluated the association between dietary free sugars intake (FSI) and obesity in adolescents. We examined the relation between FSI and their contributors from the main food groups and obesity in European adolescents. We included 843 adolescents (51.6% male) from the cross-sectional HELENA study with two completed 24 h recalls and anthropometric data. Linear mixed models were applied to investigate the relation between FSI and different anthropometric indices. Odds ratios for having a high body mass index (BMI) were also estimated by multilevel ordinal regression. Total FSI was higher in males than females (102.60 g and 87.58 g, respectively, p < 0.001). No effect was observed between free sugar from the main food groups and BMI. Consumers of FSI from "cakes, pies and biscuits" in males (odd ratio (OR) = 0.455; 95% Confidence interval (CI) 0.251, 0.824) and from "breakfast cereals" in females had a lower probability of having obesity (OR = 0.423; 95%CI 0.204, 0.878), whereas females consuming FSI from 'fruit and vegetables juices' had a higher probability of obesity (OR= 2.733; 95% CI 1.286, 5.810). This study provides no evidence that increased FSI is associated with obesity in adolescents. Further studies are needed to assess the longitudinal exposure to FSI and their effect on obesity development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sondos M. Flieh
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (S.M.F.); (M.L.M.-B.); (E.M.G.-G.)
| | - Luis A. Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (S.M.F.); (M.L.M.-B.); (E.M.G.-G.)
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - María L. Miguel-Berges
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (S.M.F.); (M.L.M.-B.); (E.M.G.-G.)
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Peter Stehle
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Ascensión Marcos
- Inmunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Instituto del Frío, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Dénes Molnár
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Kurt Widhalm
- Division of Clinical Nutrition and Prevention, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Laurent Béghin
- Inserm, U1286—INFINITE—Clinical Investigation Center—Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation and CIC 1403, University Lille, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Stefaan De Henauw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Anthony Kafatos
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, GR-71003 Crete, Greece;
| | - Catherine Leclercq
- Food and Nutrition Research Centre—Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 00198 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marcela Gonzalez-Gross
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jean Dallongeville
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59000 Lille, France;
| | - Cristina Molina-Hidalgo
- EFFECTS 262, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - Esther M. González-Gil
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (S.M.F.); (M.L.M.-B.); (E.M.G.-G.)
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Pérez-Izquierdo O, Cárdenas-García S, Aranda-González I, Perera-Ríos J, Castillo MDRB. [Frequent consumption of industrialized food and its perception among overweight and obese indigenous Mayan adolescents]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2020; 25:4423-4438. [PMID: 33175051 DOI: 10.1590/1413-812320202511.35112018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The scope of this paper was to identify what kind and which type of modern industrialized foods that overweight and obese adolescents consume and the perception they have of them. The study was of the qualitative-quantitative, descriptive and interpretative type and was conducted with adolescent students from four high schools in the municipality of Abalá, Yucatán, Mexico. It consisted of three stages, the first of which involved recording anthropometric measurements of 292 high school students to obtain their Body Mass Index. In the second stage, 58 students who were overweight and obese were randomly selected and a food consumption frequency questionnaire was applied. In the third stage, four focus groups were held to ascertain the perception with respect to food consumption. A high intake of modern industrialized foods was observed at breakfast, school break and dinner, though traditional dishes are still consumed at mealtimes. The conclusion drawn is that there is a transculturation of food among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odette Pérez-Izquierdo
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. Av. Itzaes#498 por 59 y 59ª Centro. 97000 Mérida Yucatán México.
| | - Sergio Cárdenas-García
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. Av. Itzaes#498 por 59 y 59ª Centro. 97000 Mérida Yucatán México.
| | - Irma Aranda-González
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. Av. Itzaes#498 por 59 y 59ª Centro. 97000 Mérida Yucatán México.
| | - Javier Perera-Ríos
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. Av. Itzaes#498 por 59 y 59ª Centro. 97000 Mérida Yucatán México.
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Fayet‐Moore F, McConnell A, Petocz P, Cassettari T, Tuck K, Blumfield M, Warner M, Marshall S. Contribution of dietary snacking behaviours to discretionary energy intake and anthropometric measures in Australian adults: A comparison using an objective vs subjective definition for snacking. Nutr Diet 2020; 78:154-164. [DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter Petocz
- Nutrition Research Australia Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Tim Cassettari
- Nutrition Research Australia Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Kate Tuck
- Nutrition Research Australia Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | | | - Molly Warner
- Nutrition Research Australia Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Skye Marshall
- Nutrition Research Australia Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Bond University Nutrition and Dietetics Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond University Gold Coast Queensland Australia
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Association between Neighborhood Food Access, Household Income, and Purchase of Snacks and Beverages in the United States. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207517. [PMID: 33076500 PMCID: PMC7602560 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Considerable research on the risk factors of obesity and chronic diseases has focused on relationships between where people live, where they shop, and the types of food they purchase. Rarely have investigators used a national sample and explicitly addressed the amount of energy-dense and nutrient-poor foods purchased in different types of neighborhood food stores. Even more rarely have studies accounted for the characteristics of the broader built environment in which food stores are located and which affect the convenience of using neighborhood food stores. We used a large population-based cohort of predominantly white U.S. households from the Nielsen Homescan Consumer Panel 2010 dataset to examine whether there were positive cross-sectional associations between availability of neighborhood convenience stores and supermarkets and self-reported household annual expenditures for snacks and beverages. We examined this relationship separately for poor and non-poor households as defined by the 2010 U.S. federal poverty threshold. We used mixed error-component regression models to examine associations between availability of neighborhood food stores and the expenditures on snacks and beverages, controlling for regional destination accessibility, availability and diversity of neighborhood destinations, and neighborhood street connectivity. In multivariate analyses, we observed that poor households in neighborhoods with few convenience stores purchased more snacks than poor households in neighborhoods with many convenience stores (b = -0.008, p < 0.05). Non-poor households in neighborhoods with many convenience stores and fewer supermarkets purchased more snacks than non-poor households in neighborhoods with few convenience stores and many supermarkets (b = 0.002, p < 0.05 for convenience stores; b = -0.027, p < 0.05 for supermarkets). Increase in number of convenience stores decreased the purchase of snacks by poor households, but increased in non-poor households. On other hand, increase in number of supermarkets discouraged purchase of snacks by non-poor households but had no effect on the purchasing behavior of the poor-households.Therefore, evaluation of access to energy-dense and nutrient-poor foods should include a consideration of geographic proximity. Local governments should consider strategies to expand the availability and access to nutrient-rich food and beverage products in convenience stores for consumers.
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Cano-Ibáñez N, Barrios-Rodríguez R, Lozano-Lorca M, Vázquez-Alonso F, Arrabal-Martín M, Triviño-Juárez JM, Salcedo-Bellido I, Jiménez-Moleón JJ, Olmedo-Requena R. Dietary Diversity and Prostate Cancer in a Spanish Adult Population: CAPLIFE Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1694. [PMID: 32517184 PMCID: PMC7352258 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary diversity (DD) is a key component of a high-quality diet, providing the adequate nutrient requirements. However, the role of DD on prostate cancer (PCa) is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between DD, adequate nutrient intake and PCa, according to the aggressiveness of the tumor. The CAPLIFE (CAP: prostate cancer; LIFE: lifestyles) study is a population-based case-control study including a total of 402 incident PCa cases and 302 controls. The DD score (DDS), adjusted by total energy intake, was collected through a validated food frequency questionnaire. Nutrient adequacy was defined according to European Dietary Recommendation Intake for men. The aggressiveness of PCa was determined according to the International Society of Urology Pathology classification. The association between DDS, nutrient intake and PCa was assessed by logistic regression models with adjustment for potential confounding factors. DDS was similar for PCa cases and controls, independent of PCa aggressiveness. According to each food group DDS, the protein group showed the highest mean score in all the subgroups analyzed. However, no differences were observed for each of the DDS components. The DDS, the variety of the group's food intake, and the adequate nutrient intake, were not associated with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Cano-Ibáñez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (N.C.-I.); (M.L.-L.); (I.S.-B.); (J.J.J.-M.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain;
| | - Rocío Barrios-Rodríguez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (N.C.-I.); (M.L.-L.); (I.S.-B.); (J.J.J.-M.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain;
| | - Macarena Lozano-Lorca
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (N.C.-I.); (M.L.-L.); (I.S.-B.); (J.J.J.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain;
| | | | - Miguel Arrabal-Martín
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain;
- Urology Department, San Cecilio University Hospital, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Inmaculada Salcedo-Bellido
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (N.C.-I.); (M.L.-L.); (I.S.-B.); (J.J.J.-M.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain;
| | - José Juan Jiménez-Moleón
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (N.C.-I.); (M.L.-L.); (I.S.-B.); (J.J.J.-M.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain;
| | - Rocío Olmedo-Requena
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (N.C.-I.); (M.L.-L.); (I.S.-B.); (J.J.J.-M.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain;
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González-García S, Green RF, Scheelbeek PF, Harris F, Dangour AD. Dietary recommendations in Spain -affordability and environmental sustainability? JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2020; 254:120125. [PMID: 33897918 PMCID: PMC7610673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Global food demand is increasing due to population growth and dietary transitions, resulting from rising incomes, are associated with increased prevalence of non-communicable diseases. Improving the sustainability of the food sector is also critical for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. This study assesses for the first time the greenhouse gases emissions (Carbon Footprint - CF), the water footprint (WF) and the cost of three omnivorous diets recommended in Spain due to their health benefits: the Mediterranean diet (MD), the Southern European Atlantic diet (SEAD) and the Spanish dietary guidelines (NAOS). Analysis was conducted using standard Life Cycle Assessment and WF methods together with current Spanish food price data. The dietary energy recommendation of the SEAD is greater than that of MD and NAOS (11 and 15% respectively), and SEAD also has greater animal source food content than the other two diets. SEAD has a concomitantly higher CF, WF and cost scores in comparison with MD (+30%, +23% and +21% respectively) and NAOS (+15%, +9% and +21% respectively). Adjusting recommendations to meet the suggested Spanish adult dietary energy of 2228 kcal.capita-1.day-1 changed the environmental profiles of the diets and the NAOS has the highest environmental impact. However, the isocaloric diets had approximately the same cost. Analysis of the WF of the diets identified the major contribution of precipitation (the green WF) to the overall WF (88% of the total) and the significant contribution of animal-source foods to dietary WF. Regardless of the dietary scenario, better scores were identified for the Spanish recommendations analysed than those reported for other healthy diets identified in Europe. Differences in the recommended intake levels of certain food groups, cooking techniques and the origin of food products are behind these results. Environmental indicators should be considered alongside nutrition and health metrics when defining national dietary guidelines. Supporting citizens to follow healthy and environmentally-friendly dietary recommendations through, among other things, information campaigns and nutritional education programmes is essential. It is recommended the incorporation not only of health, but also of environmental indicators of these dietary options in the national dietary guidelines, as well as implementation of information campaigns and nutritional education programs among citizens to promote their adhesion since balanced dietary habits rich on plant-based products and low on animal-based ones involve multiple health and environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara González-García
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rosemary F. Green
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Pauline F. Scheelbeek
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Harris
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Alan D. Dangour
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
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20
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González-García S, Green RF, Scheelbeek PF, Harris F, Dangour AD. Dietary recommendations in Spain -affordability and environmental sustainability? JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 2020; 254:120125. [PMID: 33897918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Global food demand is increasing due to population growth and dietary transitions, resulting from rising incomes, are associated with increased prevalence of non-communicable diseases. Improving the sustainability of the food sector is also critical for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. This study assesses for the first time the greenhouse gases emissions (Carbon Footprint - CF), the water footprint (WF) and the cost of three omnivorous diets recommended in Spain due to their health benefits: the Mediterranean diet (MD), the Southern European Atlantic diet (SEAD) and the Spanish dietary guidelines (NAOS). Analysis was conducted using standard Life Cycle Assessment and WF methods together with current Spanish food price data. The dietary energy recommendation of the SEAD is greater than that of MD and NAOS (11 and 15% respectively), and SEAD also has greater animal source food content than the other two diets. SEAD has a concomitantly higher CF, WF and cost scores in comparison with MD (+30%, +23% and +21% respectively) and NAOS (+15%, +9% and +21% respectively). Adjusting recommendations to meet the suggested Spanish adult dietary energy of 2228 kcal.capita-1.day-1 changed the environmental profiles of the diets and the NAOS has the highest environmental impact. However, the isocaloric diets had approximately the same cost. Analysis of the WF of the diets identified the major contribution of precipitation (the green WF) to the overall WF (88% of the total) and the significant contribution of animal-source foods to dietary WF. Regardless of the dietary scenario, better scores were identified for the Spanish recommendations analysed than those reported for other healthy diets identified in Europe. Differences in the recommended intake levels of certain food groups, cooking techniques and the origin of food products are behind these results. Environmental indicators should be considered alongside nutrition and health metrics when defining national dietary guidelines. Supporting citizens to follow healthy and environmentally-friendly dietary recommendations through, among other things, information campaigns and nutritional education programmes is essential. It is recommended the incorporation not only of health, but also of environmental indicators of these dietary options in the national dietary guidelines, as well as implementation of information campaigns and nutritional education programs among citizens to promote their adhesion since balanced dietary habits rich on plant-based products and low on animal-based ones involve multiple health and environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara González-García
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rosemary F Green
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Pauline F Scheelbeek
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Harris
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Alan D Dangour
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
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Micronutrients that Affect Immunosenescence. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1260:13-31. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-42667-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Pacholko AG, Wotton CA, Bekar LK. Poor Diet, Stress, and Inactivity Converge to Form a "Perfect Storm" That Drives Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis. NEURODEGENER DIS 2019; 19:60-77. [PMID: 31600762 DOI: 10.1159/000503451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
North American incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is expected to more than double over the coming generation. Although genetic factors surrounding the production and clearance of amyloid-β and phosphorylated tau proteins are known to be responsible for a subset of early-onset AD cases, they do not explain the pathogenesis of the far more prevalent sporadic late-onset variant of the disease. It is thus likely that lifestyle and environmental factors contribute to neurodegenerative processes implicated in the pathogenesis of AD. Herein, we review evidence that (1) excess sucrose consumption induces AD-associated liver pathologies and brain insulin resistance, (2) chronic stress overdrives activity of locus coeruleus neurons, leading to loss of function (a common event in neurodegeneration), (3) high-sugar diets and stress promote the loss of neuroprotective sex hormones in men and women, and (4) Western dietary trends set the stage for a lithium-deficient state. We propose that these factors may intersect as part of a "perfect storm" to contribute to the widespread prevalence of neurodegeneration and AD. In addition, we put forth the argument that exercise and supplementation with trace lithium can counteract many of the deleterious consequences associated with excessive caloric intake and perpetual stress. We conclude that lifestyle and environmental factors likely contribute to AD pathogenesis and that simple lifestyle and dietary changes can help counteract their effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony G Pacholko
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Caitlin A Wotton
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Lane K Bekar
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada,
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23
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Cano-Ibáñez N, Martínez-Galiano JM, Amezcua-Prieto C, Olmedo-Requena R, Bueno-Cavanillas A, Delgado-Rodríguez M. Maternal dietary diversity and risk of small for gestational age newborn: Findings from a case-control study. Clin Nutr 2019; 39:1943-1950. [PMID: 31495734 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS An inadequate nutrients intake during pregnancy has been related to an increase of having a small for gestational age (SGA) newborn. A diversity dietary (DD) intake could decrease the risk of SGA delivery, providing the adequate nutrient requirements during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of DD on adequate nutrient intake in a sample of Spanish pregnant women, further to investigate their association on SGA delivery. METHODS A matched case-control study of 518 cases and controls of pregnant women was performed in five hospitals in Eastern Andalusia (Spain). Cases were women with a newborn with SGA. Data about demographic characteristics and diet were collected by trained midwives. DD score (DDS) adjusted by total energy intake was gathered through a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Nutrient inadequacy was defined as an intake below 2/3 of the recommended dietary intake according to dietary recommendations intake (DRI) for pregnant women. The association between DDS and SGA was assessed by logistic regression models with adjustment for confounding factors. RESULTS The prevalence of nutrient inadequate intake decreased across total DDS quintiles (p < 0.05). Women in higher strata of total DDS presented less SGA risk (aOR = 0.50, C.I. 95%: 0.31, 0.80). According to each DDS component, the consumption of high diversity of dairy products showed a significative protection against the risk of having a SGA newborn (aOR = 0.48, C.I. 95%: 0.32, 0.71). CONCLUSIONS SGA mothers had higher prevalence of nutritional inadequacies and lower DDS compared to their counterparts. Poor total DDS and less variety of dairy products were associated with higher risk of SGA newborn. Efforts to promote DD during pregnancy need to be strengthened to reduce the prevalence of SGA in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Cano-Ibáñez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Complejo Hospitales, Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Martínez-Galiano
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Nursing, University of Jaén, Campus de Las Lagunillas s/n, Building B3 Office 266, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Carmen Amezcua-Prieto
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Complejo Hospitales, Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Rocío Olmedo-Requena
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Complejo Hospitales, Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Complejo Hospitales, Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
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24
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Ostrovska K. Menstrual Pain: A Review of Foreign Literature. PAIN MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.31636/pmjua.v4i2.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization estimates dysmenorrhea as the most important cause of a chronic pelvic pain. Its prevalence among adolescents and young women ranges from 40 % to 90 %, and varies, depending on age, country of residence and population density of the area. Primary dysmenorrhea is responsible for reducing the quality of life, absenteeism in the workplace or at school, refusing to participate in community and sporting events, changing of pain perception and sleep disturbance. There is evidence of its relationship with an early menarche, a family history, a length of the menstrual cycle, bad habits, poor sleep hygiene, an unbalanced diet, sedentary lifestyle and obesity. Characteristic features of a personality contribute in a certain way, making women prone to neuroticism and pain catastrophizing to be more at risk of developing dysmenorrhea. Irritable bowel syndrome, musculoskeletal pain and interstitial cystitis often accompany dysmenorrhea and respond to its treatment positively. Despite the proven validity of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs treatment there are resistant forms of menstrual pain, those make a search for alternative therapy relevant.
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25
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Lai HT, Hutchinson J, Evans CEL. Non-Milk Extrinsic Sugars Intake and Food and Nutrient Consumption Patterns among Adolescents in the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey, Years 2008-16. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1621. [PMID: 31319451 PMCID: PMC6682974 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The revised guidelines from the Department of Health (DoH) in the UK state that mean population intakes of free sugars should be below 5% of the total energy (TE) consumption of the British population. However, very few studies have assessed the impact of this recommendation on diet quality in the UK. We explored the dietary patterns and intakes of micronutrients of British adolescents with low intakes of non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) (similar to free sugars but not equal, with slight differences in the categorisation of fruit sugars from dried, stewed or canned fruit and smoothies), using the National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme, years 1-8 (NDNS RP). The sample included 2587 adolescents aged 11-18 years. Four percent (112) of adolescents reported consuming 5% or lower NMES as a proportion of TE. The odds of being categorised as a low-sugar consumer in adolescents (≤5% TE from NMES) were significantly lower with higher intakes of sweetened drinks, fruit juice, cakes, biscuits, sugar and sweet spreads, chocolate confectionery and sugar confectionery, and significantly higher with higher intakes of pasta and rice, wholemeal and brown bread, and fish. Across the five categories of NMES intakes, micronutrient intakes were lowest for those consuming either ≤5% TE or more than 20% TE from NMES, and optimal for those consuming between 10-15% of energy from NMES. These findings confirm the difficulties of meeting the free sugars recommended intake for adolescents. Care needs to be taken to ensure that an adequate consumption of micronutrients is achieved in those adhering to the revised guidelines on free sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi T Lai
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group (NEG), School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Jayne Hutchinson
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group (NEG), School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Charlotte E L Evans
- Nutritional Epidemiology Group (NEG), School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
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26
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Vivarini P, Kerr JA, Clifford SA, Grobler AC, Jansen PW, Mensah FK, Baur LA, Gibbons K, Wake M. Food choices: concordance in Australian children aged 11-12 years and their parents. BMJ Open 2019; 9:147-156. [PMID: 31273025 PMCID: PMC6624032 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Snack foods-typically high in salt, sugar, fat and/or energy-are likely important to the obesity epidemic. In the context of a population-based health assessment involving parent-child dyads at child age 11-12 years, we report cross-generational concordance in intake at a controlled snack food observation. DESIGN Cross-sectional study (Child Health CheckPoint), nested within the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. SETTING Assessment centres in seven Australian cities, February 2015-March 2016. PARTICIPANTS Of all participating CheckPoint families (n=1874), 1299 children (50.3% girls) and 1274 parents (85.9% mothers) with snack data were included. Survey weights and methods were applied to account for the clustered multistage sample design. OUTCOME MEASURES Partway through the 3.5-hour assessment, parents and children attended Food Stop separately for a timed 15 min 'snack break'. One of four standardised box size/content combinations was randomly provided to all participants on any given day. Total food mass, energy, nutrients and sodium consumed was measured to the nearest 1 g. Pearson's correlation coefficients and adjusted multivariable linear regression models assessed parent-child concordance in each variable. RESULTS Children consumed less grams (151 g [SD 80] vs 165 g [SD 79]) but more energy (1393 kJ [SD 537] vs 1290 kJ [SD 658]) than parents. Parent-child concordance coefficients were small, ranging from 0.07 for sodium intake to 0.17 for carbohydrate intake. Compared with children with parents' energy intake on the 10th centile, children whose parents were on the 90th centile ate on average 227 kJ more. If extrapolated to one similar unsupervised snack on a daily basis, this equates to an additional 83 050 kJ per year, which could have a cumulative impact on additional body fat. CONCLUSIONS Although modest at an individual level, this measured parent-child concordance in unsupervised daily snack situations could account for substantial annual population differences in energy, fat and sodium intake for children aged 11-12 years. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN12538380.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prudence Vivarini
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica A Kerr
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susan A Clifford
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anneke C Grobler
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pauline W Jansen
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fiona K Mensah
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louise A Baur
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kay Gibbons
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Institute of Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melissa Wake
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics and Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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27
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Osei-Kwasi HA, Nicolaou M, Powell K, Holdsworth M. "I cannot sit here and eat alone when I know a fellow Ghanaian is suffering": Perceptions of food insecurity among Ghanaian migrants. Appetite 2019; 140:190-196. [PMID: 31103443 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the UK, ethnic minority groups tend to have higher levels of poverty than the white British population and therefore may be at high risk of food insecurity. Ghanaians, living in Ghana or as migrants are thought to have a high level of social support in their communities, but the role of this resource in relation to food security is unknown. We explored participants' perceptions of social and economic factors influencing food security among Ghanaian migrants in Greater Manchester. Participants aged ≥25 years (n = 31) of Ghanaian ancestry living in Greater Manchester were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide developed by the researchers. Participants varied in socioeconomic status (SES), gender and migration status. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically using a framework approach. Participants offered similar accounts of the social and economic factors influencing food security. Accounts were based on participants' perceptions and/or personal experiences of food insecurity within the community. Participants indicated that they and their fellow Ghanaians can 'manage' even when they described quite challenging food access environments. This has negative implications on their food choices in the UK. Participants reported food insecure households may be reluctant to make use of food banks for fear of 'gossip' and 'pride'. Paradoxically, this reluctance does not extend to close network. Many participants described the church and other social groups as a trusted base in which people operate; support given through these channels is more acceptable than through the 'official context'. Government assisted food banks could partner with the social groups within this community given that these are more trusted. Keywords: food insecurity; food choice; social networks; Ghanaians; healthy eating; migrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hibbah Araba Osei-Kwasi
- Public Health Section, School of Health and Related Research-ScHARR, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Department of Clinical Science and Nutrition, University of Chester, Parkgate Road, Chester, UK.
| | - Mary Nicolaou
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Katie Powell
- Public Health Section, School of Health and Related Research-ScHARR, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Michelle Holdsworth
- Public Health Section, School of Health and Related Research-ScHARR, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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28
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Cano-Ibáñez N, Gea A, Martínez-González MA, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, Zomeño MD, Romaguera D, Vioque J, Aros F, Wärnberg J, Martínez JA, Serra-Majem L, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Lapetra J, Pintó X, Tur JA, García-Ríos A, Riquelme-Gallego B, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Matía P, Daimiel L, Martín V, Vidal J, Vázquez C, Ros E, Buil-Cosiales P, Díaz-López A, Fernández-Carrión R, Fitó M, Konieczna J, Notario-Barandiaran L, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Contreras-Fernández E, Abete I, Sánchez-Villegas A, Casas R, Muñoz-Garach A, Santos-Lozano JM, Gallardo-Alfaro L, Basora J, Portoles O, Muñoz MÁ, Moñino M, Miralles Gisbert S, Moreno Rodríguez A, Ruiz-Canela M, Palau Galindo A, Pérez-Vega KA, Bueno-Cavanillas A. Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Adequacy among an Older Spanish Population with Metabolic Syndrome in the PREDIMED-Plus Study: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. Nutrients 2019; 11:E958. [PMID: 31035497 PMCID: PMC6567048 DOI: 10.3390/nu11050958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary guidelines emphasize the importance of a varied diet to provide an adequate nutrient intake. However, an older age is often associated with consumption of monotonous diets that can be nutritionally inadequate, increasing the risk for the development or progression of diet-related chronic diseases, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). To assess the association between dietary diversity (DD) and nutrient intake adequacy and to identify demographic variables associated with DD, we cross-sectionally analyzed baseline data from the PREDIMED-Plus trial: 6587 Spanish adults aged 55-75 years, with overweight/obesity who also had MetS. An energy-adjusted dietary diversity score (DDS) was calculated using a 143-item validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Nutrient inadequacy was defined as an intake below 2/3 of the dietary reference intake (DRI) forat least four of 17 nutrients proposed by the Institute of Medicine (IOM). Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between DDS and the risk of nutritionally inadequate intakes. In the higher DDS quartile there were more women and less current smokers. Compared with subjects in the highest DDS quartile, those in the lowest DDS quartile had a higher risk of inadequate nutrient intake: odds ratio (OR) = 28.56 (95% confidence interval (CI) 20.80-39.21). When we estimated food varietyfor each of the food groups, participants in the lowest quartile had a higher risk of inadequate nutrient intake for the groups of vegetables, OR = 14.03 (95% CI 10.55-18.65), fruits OR = 11.62 (95% CI 6.81-19.81), dairy products OR = 6.54 (95% CI 4.64-9.22) and protein foods OR = 6.60 (95% CI 1.96-22.24). As DDS decreased, the risk of inadequate nutrients intake rose. Given the impact of nutrient intake adequacy on the prevention of non-communicable diseases, health policies should focus on the promotion of a healthy varied diet, specifically promoting the intake of vegetables and fruit among population groups with lower DDS such as men, smokers or widow(er)s.
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Grants
- PI13/00673, PI13/00492, PI13/00272, PI13/01123, PI13/00462, PI13/00233, PI13/02184, PI13/00728, PI13/01090, PI13/01056, PI14/01722, PI14/00636, PI14/00618, PI14/00696, PI14/01206, PI14/01919, PI14/00853, PI14/01374, PI16/00473, PI16/00662, PI16/01873, PI1 Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- 2013-2018; 340918 European Research Council
- 2013ACUP00194 Recercaixa
- PI0458/2013; PS0358/2016 Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía
- 2017/017 Generalitat valenciana (PROMETEO)
- CB06/03 SEMERGEN
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Cano-Ibáñez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain.
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain.
| | - Alfredo Gea
- University of Navarre, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Medical School, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Navarra institute for health research (IdisNa), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- University of Navarre, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Medical School, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Navarra institute for health research (IdisNa), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, 43002 Reus, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain.
- University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Nutrition Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain.
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - M Dolors Zomeño
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Mar d´Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
- Human Nutrition Unit, Blanquerna-Ramon Llull University, 08001 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Dora Romaguera
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Jesús Vioque
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Miguel Hernández University, ISABIAL-FISABIO, 03202 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Fernando Aros
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Cardiology, OSI ARABA, University Hospital Araba, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences. University of Malaga- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain.
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Nutritional Genomics and Epigenomics Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences. University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Ramón Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d´Investigacion Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain.
| | - José Lapetra
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Xavier Pintó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Josep A Tur
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Antonio García-Ríos
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Blanca Riquelme-Gallego
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain.
| | - Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain.
| | - Pilar Matía
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Nutritional Genomics and Epigenomics Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Vicente Martín
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - Josep Vidal
- Department of Endocrinology, Institut d' Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Clotilde Vázquez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Endocrinology, Fundación Jiménez-Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Emilio Ros
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Pilar Buil-Cosiales
- University of Navarre, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Medical School, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Primary Care, Health Service of Navarra-Osasunbidea, 31002 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Andrés Díaz-López
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, 43002 Reus, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain.
- University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Nutrition Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Fernández-Carrión
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Mar d´Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
- Human Nutrition Unit, Blanquerna-Ramon Llull University, 08001 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jadwiga Konieczna
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Leyre Notario-Barandiaran
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Miguel Hernández University, ISABIAL-FISABIO, 03202 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Ángel M Alonso-Gómez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Cardiology, OSI ARABA, University Hospital Araba, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Eugenio Contreras-Fernández
- Unidad Gestión Clínica de Prevención, Promoción y Vigilancia de la Salud, Distrito Atención Primaria Costa del Sol, Servicio Andaluz de Salud. Red de Investigación Servicios De Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), 29651 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Itziar Abete
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Almudena Sánchez-Villegas
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences. University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Rosa Casas
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d´Investigacion Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Araceli Muñoz-Garach
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain.
| | - José Manuel Santos-Lozano
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
- Department of Medicine. University of Sevilla, 41004 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Laura Gallardo-Alfaro
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Josep Basora
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, 43002 Reus, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain.
- University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Nutrition Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain.
| | - Olga Portoles
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Miguel Ángel Muñoz
- Primary Care Division of Barcelona, Institut Català de la Salud-IDIAP Jordi Gol, 08007 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Manuel Moñino
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Salvador Miralles Gisbert
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Miguel Hernández University, ISABIAL-FISABIO, 03202 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Anai Moreno Rodríguez
- Department of Cardiology, OSI ARABA, University Hospital Araba, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- University of Navarre, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Medical School, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Navarra institute for health research (IdisNa), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antoni Palau Galindo
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, 43002 Reus, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain.
- ABS Reus V. Centre d'Assistència Primària Marià Fortuny, SAGESSA, 43203 Reus, Spain.
| | - Karla Alejandra Pérez-Vega
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Mar d´Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain.
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain.
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Modelling the Association between Core and Discretionary Energy Intake in Adults with and without Obesity. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030683. [PMID: 30909439 PMCID: PMC6471653 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many dietary recommendations for weight control rely on the assumption that greater core food intake will displace intake of energy-dense discretionary foods and beverages. However, there is little evidence to support these assumptions. This study examined the naturalistic relationship between daily core and discretionary energy intake, and with discretionary food and discretionary beverage intake, separately. The impact of weight status on these associations was also examined. METHOD One hundred participants completed a four-day (non-consecutive) estimated food diary. Discretionary foods and beverages were identified by reference to the Australian Dietary Guidelines. Non-discretionary items were considered core items. Simultaneous-equation random effects models using disaggregated dietary data controlling for sociodemographic variables were used to determine the association between various dietary components. RESULT Core energy intake correlated negatively with discretionary energy intake (cross-equation correlation, ρ = -0.49 (95% CI: -0.57, -0.39)). Its correlation with discretionary foods (-0.47 (-0.56, -0.37)) was stronger than that with discretionary beverages (-0.19 (-0.30, -0.07)) The correlation between core energy intake and discretionary energy intake was significantly stronger in participants who did not have obesity (-0.67 (-0.71, -0.50)) than those with obesity (-0.32 (-0.46, -0.17)) (p = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS Core and discretionary energy intake share an inverse and potentially bidirectional, relationship that appears to be stronger with discretionary foods than discretionary beverages. These relationships were significantly weaker in participants with obesity which may indicate less precise dietary compensation in these individuals. While strategies that promote greater intake of core foods may assist with weight maintenance in individuals of healthy weight, its impact in individuals with obesity may be limited. These strategies should be accompanied by direct messages to reduce commensurately the intake of discretionary items, with special attention paid to discretionary beverage consumption.
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Discretionary intake among Australian adults: prevalence of intake, top food groups, time of consumption and its association with sociodemographic, lifestyle and adiposity measures. Public Health Nutr 2019; 22:1576-1589. [PMID: 30681049 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980018003361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To profile discretionary food and beverage (DF) consumption among Australian adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis. Dietary and sociodemographic data were used to profile DF intake. Prevalence of DF consumption, DF servings (1 serving=600 kJ), nutrient contribution from DF and top DF food groups by self-reported eating occasions were determined. DF consumers (>0 g) were classified according to quartile of DF intake and general linear models adjusted for age and sex were used to determine associations. SETTING 2011-12 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (NNPAS).ParticipantsAdults aged ≥19 years (n 9341) who participated in the NNPAS 2011-12. RESULTS Most adults consumed DF (98 %) and over 60 % exceeded 3 DF servings/d, with a mean of 5·0 (se 0·0) DF servings/d. Cakes, muffins, scones, cake-type desserts contributed the most DF energy (8·4 %) of all food groups, followed by wines (8·1 %), pastries (8·0 %) and beers (6·1 %), with all these food groups consumed in large portions (2·3-3·0 DF servings). Lunch and dinner together contributed 45 % of total DF energy intake. High DF consumers had an average of 10 DF servings, and this group contained more younger adults, males, low socio-economic status, lower usual fruit intake and higher mean waist circumference, but not higher BMI. CONCLUSIONS A focus on DF consumed in large portions at lunch and dinner may help improve interventions aimed at reducing DF intake and addressing negative adiposity-related measures found in high DF consumers.
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Role of Zinc and Selenium in Oxidative Stress and Immunosenescence: Implications for Healthy Aging and Longevity. HANDBOOK OF IMMUNOSENESCENCE 2019. [PMCID: PMC7121636 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99375-1_66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a complex process that includes gradual and spontaneous biochemical and physiological changes which contributes to a decline in performance and increased susceptibility to diseases. Zn and Se are essential trace elements that play a pivotal role in immune functions and antioxidant defense and, consequently, are claimed to play also a role in successful aging trajectories. Consistently with their nature of essential trace elements, a plethora of data obtained “in vitro” and “in vivo” (in humans and animal models) support the relevance of Zn and Se for both the innate and adoptive immune response. Moreover, Zn and Se are strictly involved in the synthesis and regulation of activity of proteins and enzymes, e.g., metallothioneins (MT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), that are necessary for our endogenous antioxidant response. This is clearly important to protect our cells from oxidative damage and to slow the decline of our immune system with aging. Age-related changes affecting tissue levels of Zn and Se may indicate that the risk of Zn and Se deficiency increases with aging. However, it is still unclear which of these changes can be the consequence of a “real deficiency” and which can be part of our physiological compensatory response to the accumulating damage occurring in aging. Furthermore, the upregulation of antioxidant proteins (Zn and Se dependent) may be a manifestation of self-induced oxidative stress. By the way, Zn and Se dependent proteins are modulated not only by nutritional status, but also by well-known hallmarks of aging that play antagonistic functions, such as the deregulated nutrient sensing pathways and cellular senescence. Thus, it is not an easy task to conduct Zn or Se supplementation in elderly and it is emerging consistent that these kind of supplementation requires an individualized approach. Anyway, there is consistent support that supplementation with Zn using doses around 10 mg/day is generally safe in elderly and may even improve part of immune performances in those subjects with a baseline deficiency. Regarding Se supplementation, it may induce both beneficial and detrimental effects on cellular immunity depending on the form of Se, supplemental dose, and delivery matrix. The nutritional association of supplements based on “Zn plus Se” is hypothesized to provide additional benefits, but this will likely need a more complex individualized approach. The improvement of our knowledge around screening and detection of Zn and Se deficiency in aging could lead to substantial benefits in terms of efficacy of nutritional supplements aimed at ameliorate performance and health in aging.
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Lyons J, Walton J, Flynn A. Larger Food Portion Sizes Are Associated with Both Positive and Negative Markers of Dietary Quality in Irish Adults. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121929. [PMID: 30563172 PMCID: PMC6316121 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduction in portion size, particularly for energy-dense foods, is increasingly addressed in healthy eating guidelines in a bid to tackle the obesity epidemic. The effect of portion size on other aspects of dietary quality, such as nutrient intakes, is less studied. The aim of the current work was to investigate associations between food portion sizes and key indicators of dietary quality, namely energy-adjusted intakes of saturated fat, dietary fibre, sodium, calcium, iron, folate and vitamin D, and dietary energy density (DED), in Irish adults on the days the foods were consumed. Data from the Irish National Adult Nutrition Survey (2008–2010) (n = 1274, 18–64 years, 4-day semi-weighed record) were used for the analysis. DED was lower on the days larger portions of boiled potatoes, fruit, vegetables and baked beans were consumed, and higher on the days larger portions of white bread, ready-to-eat breakfast cereals (RTEBCs), frying meats, cheese, butter, biscuits, chocolate and sugar-sweetened beverages were consumed. Micronutrient intakes were higher on the days larger portions of brown bread, RTEBCs, vegetables and low-fat spreads were consumed, and lower on the days larger portions of white bread, butter, biscuits, chocolate, sugar-sweetened beverages and beer/cider were consumed, with the exception of folate. The study identifies foods for which larger portion sizes may be associated with positive dietary attributes, as well as the opposite. It provides an important evidence base from which more specific dietary guidance on food portion sizes might be developed for Irish adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Lyons
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland.
| | - Janette Walton
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland.
| | - Albert Flynn
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland.
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Abstract
Multiple forms of malnutrition co-exist (the double burden) in low- and middle-income countries, but most interventions and policies target only one form. Identifying shared drivers of the double burden of malnutrition is a first step towards establishing effective interventions that simultaneously address the double burden of malnutrition (known as double-duty actions). We identified shared drivers for the double burden of malnutrition, to assess which double-duty actions are likely to have the greatest reach in preventing all forms of malnutrition, in the context of the sustainable development goals. We reviewed existing conceptual frameworks of the drivers of undernutrition, obesity and environmental sustainability. Shared drivers affecting all forms of malnutrition and environmental sustainability were captured using a socio-ecological approach. The extent to which drivers were addressed by the five double-duty actions proposed by the WHO was assessed. Overall, eighty-three shared drivers for the double burden of malnutrition were identified. A substantial proportion (75·0%) could be addressed by the five WHO double-duty actions. 'Regulations on marketing' and 'promotion of appropriate early and complementary feeding in infants' addressed the highest proportion of shared drivers (65·1% and 53·0%, respectively). Twenty-four drivers were likely to be sensitive to environmental sustainability, with 'regulations on marketing' and 'school food programmes and policies' likely to have the greatest environmental reach. A quarter of the shared drivers remained unaddressed by the five WHO double-duty actions. Substantially more drivers could be addressed with minor modifications to the WHO double-duty actions and the addition of de novo actions.
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Klingbeil E, de La Serre CB. Microbiota modulation by eating patterns and diet composition: impact on food intake. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2018; 315:R1254-R1260. [PMID: 30230934 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00037.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that the gut microbiota and its composition dynamics play a crucial role in regulating the host physiological functions and behavior. Diet composition is the primary modulator of bacterial richness and abundance in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Macronutrient (fat, sugar, and protein) and fiber contents are especially important in determining microbiota composition and its effect on health outcomes and behavior. In addition to food composition, time of intake and eating patterns have recently been shown to significantly affect gut bacterial makeup. Diet-driven unfavorable microbiota composition, or dysbiosis, can lead to an increased production of proinflammatory by-products such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Increased inflammatory potential is associated with alteration in gut permeability, resulting in elevated levels of LPS in the bloodstream, or metabolic endotoxemia. We have found that a chronic increase in circulating LPS is sufficient to induce hyperphagia in rodents. Chronic LPS treatment appears to specifically impair the gut-brain axis and vagally mediated satiety signaling. The vagus nerve relays information on the quantity and quality of nutrients in the GI tract to the nucleus of solitary tract in the brain stem. There is evidence that microbiota dysbiosis is associated with remodeling of the vagal afferent pathway and that normalizing the microbiota composition in rats fed a high-fat diet is sufficient to prevent vagal remodeling. Taken together, these data support a role for the microbiota in regulating gut-brain communication and eating behavior. Bacteria-originating inflammation may play a key role in impairment of diet-driven satiety and the development of hyperphagia.
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Dietary Fibre Intake in Australia. Paper II: Comparative Examination of Food Sources of Fibre among High and Low Fibre Consumers. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091223. [PMID: 30181455 PMCID: PMC6163727 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intakes of dietary fibre in Australia are lower than recommended. An understanding of food choices associated with fibre intake can help to inform locally relevant dietary interventions that aim to increase its consumption. This study aimed to profile the relationship between dietary choices and fibre intake of Australians. Using Day 1 data from the 2011–2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (n = 12,153, ≥2 years), dietary fibre intake was classified by quartiles for children (2–18 years) and adults (≥19 years). Intakes of the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG) food groups were calculated, as well as the major, sub-major, and minor food groups from the Australian Food Composition Database. Each of these food groups provide a progressively greater level of detail. Associations with ADG food groups and major food groups were determined, and the leading sub-major and minor food group sources of fibre for low (Quartile 1) and high (Quartile 4) fibre consumers were profiled. Energy-adjusted intakes of wholegrain and/or high fibre but not refined grain (cereal) foods, vegetables, and fruit were positively associated, and discretionary foods negatively associated, with quartile of fibre intake (p < 0.001). The top three sub-major food group sources of fibre were regular breads, cereal mixed dishes, and ready-to-eat breakfast cereals in high fibre consumers and regular breads, cereal mixed dishes, and potatoes in low fibre consumers. White breads was the leading minor food group contributor in low fibre consumers, and apples and lower sugar wheat based breakfast cereal were the leading fibre contributors in high fibre consumers in children and adults, respectively. Higher intakes of wholegrain, fruits, and vegetables, and a lower discretionary intake were associated with higher fibre intake. Encouraging these foods as part of any public health intervention is likely to be effective for increasing dietary fibre intakes.
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Farioli Vecchioli S, Sacchetti S, Nicolis di Robilant V, Cutuli D. The Role of Physical Exercise and Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Depressive Illness in the Elderly. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:308-326. [PMID: 28901279 PMCID: PMC5843982 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170912113852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In adulthood, depression is the most common type of mental illness and will be the second leading cause of disease by 2020. Major depression dramatically affects the function of the central nervous system and degrades the quality of life, especially in old age. Several mechanisms underlie the pathophysiology of depressive illness, since it has a multifactorial etiology. Human and an-imal studies have demonstrated that depression is mainly associated with imbalances in neurotransmitters and neurotrophins, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis alterations, brain volume changes, neurogenesis dysfunction, and dysregulation of in-flammatory pathways. Also the gut microbiota may influence mental health outcomes. Although depression is not a consequence of normal aging, depressive disorders are common in later life, even if often undi-agnosed or mis-diagnosed in old age. When untreated, depression reduces life expectancy, worsens medical illnesses, en-hances health care costs and is the primary cause of suicide among older people. To date, the underpinnings of depression in the elderly are still to be understood, and the pharmacological treatment is the most commonly used therapy. Objective: Since a sedentary lifestyle and poor eating habits have recently emerged as crucial contributors to the genesis and course of depression, in the present review, we have focused on the effects of physical activity and omega-3 fatty acids on depressive illness in the elderly. Results: A growing literature indicates that both exercise and dietary interventions can promote mental health throughout one’s lifespan. Conclusion: There thus emerges the awareness that an active lifestyle and a balanced diet may constitute valid low-cost pre-vention strategies to counteract depressive illness in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Farioli Vecchioli
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, CNR/Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Sacchetti
- Laboratory of Experimental and Behavioral Neurophysiology, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychology, University Sapienza of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - V Nicolis di Robilant
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, CNR/Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143, Rome, Italy
| | - Debora Cutuli
- Laboratory of Experimental and Behavioral Neurophysiology, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychology, University Sapienza of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185, Rome, Italy
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Astrup A, Bügel S. Overfed but undernourished: recognizing nutritional inadequacies/deficiencies in patients with overweight or obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 43:219-232. [PMID: 29980762 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0143-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent throughout the world and can adversely affect the nutritional status of individuals. Studies have shown that many people with obesity have inadequate intake of iron, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, folate and vitamins A and B12, likely as a result of poor diet quality. Nutritional inadequacies or deficiencies may also occur due to altered pharmacokinetics in the individual with obesity and due to interactions in those with overweight or obesity with various pharmaceuticals. However, it has been demonstrated that the adult population in the United States as a whole is deficient in certain micronutrients as a result of the availability and overconsumption of high-calorie, low-nutrient processed foods. Poor nutrition may contribute to the development of certain chronic conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, which is already more prevalent in those with obesity. Clinicians need to be aware of these gaps, particularly in those individuals with obesity who are undergoing bariatric surgery or taking pharmaceutical products long term to facilitate weight loss. Patients with overweight or obesity likely struggle to achieve a balanced diet and may benefit from consultation with a dietitian. Along with providing recommendations for healthy eating and exercise, supplementation with specific micronutrients or multivitamins should be considered for individuals at the highest risk for or with established deficiencies. Further research is needed to understand the factors underlying nutritional inadequacies in individuals with overweight or obesity, as well as the outcomes of treatment strategies employed to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Astrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Susanne Bügel
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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38
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Najafi N, Khalkhali H, Moghaddam Tabrizi F, Zarrin R. Major dietary patterns in relation to menstrual pain: a nested case control study. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2018; 18:69. [PMID: 29783972 PMCID: PMC5963185 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-018-0558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Dysmenorrhea is one of the most prevalent gynecological disorders, experienced by approximately two third of young women during menstruation. According to literature, nutrition can play a key role in the prevalence and severity of dysmenorrhea. This study aims to investigate the relation between dietary patterns and the risk of dysmenorrhea among university students. Methods A nested case control study was conducted among 293 students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences who were randomly recruited via a proportional cluster sampling method. From 293 students, 46 students with moderate to severe dysmenorrhea and 54 students without dysmenorrhea were assigned to the case and control groups, respectively. The major dietary patterns of students were identified by factor analysis and the association between dietary patterns and risk of dysmenorrhea was investigated using logistic regression analysis in SPSS 20. Results Three major dietary patterns were found and nominated as “Lacto-vegetarian”, “Snacks” and “Mixed food items” patterns. After controlling for family history of dysmenorrhea, subjects in the second and third tertiles of “snacks” pattern had a 4.23 (95% CI = 1.32–13.58, P = 0.01) and 3.41 (95% CI = 1.10–10.50, P = 0.03) times, respectively, higher chance to experience moderate to severe dysmenorrhea in comparison with subjects in the first tertile. There was no significant association between the risk of dysmenorrhea and two other dietary patterns. Conclusions The results indicate that adherence to “snacks” pattern is associated with an increased risk of moderate to severe dysmenorrhea during menstruation among young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Najafi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Khalkhali
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moghaddam Tabrizi
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Rasoul Zarrin
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Blumberg JB, Cena H, Barr SI, Biesalski HK, Dagach RU, Delaney B, Frei B, Moreno González MI, Hwalla N, Lategan-Potgieter R, McNulty H, van der Pols JC, Winichagoon P, Li D. The Use of Multivitamin/Multimineral Supplements: A Modified Delphi Consensus Panel Report. Clin Ther 2018; 40:640-657. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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40
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Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency after Bariatric Surgery. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9111241. [PMID: 29137169 PMCID: PMC5707713 DOI: 10.3390/nu9111241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Morbid obesity is a lifelong disease, and all patients require complementary follow-up including nutritional surveillance by a multidisciplinary team after bariatric procedures. Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) refers to an insufficient secretion of pancreatic enzymes and/or sodium bicarbonate. PEI is a known multifactorial complication after upper gastrointestinal surgery, and might constitute an important clinical problem due to the large number of bariatric surgical procedures in the world. Symptoms of PEI often overlap with sequelae of gastric bypass, making the diagnosis difficult. Steatorrhea, weight loss, maldigestion and malabsorption are pathognomonic for both clinical conditions. Altered anatomy after bypass surgery can make the diagnostic process even more difficult. Fecal elastase-1 (FE1) is a useful diagnostic test. PEI should be considered in all patients after bariatric surgery with prolonged gastrointestinal complaints that are suggestive of maldigestion and/or malabsorption. Appropriate pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy should be part of the treatment algorithm in patients with confirmed PEI or symptoms suggestive of this complication.
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Dhillon J, Lee JY, Mattes RD. The cephalic phase insulin response to nutritive and low-calorie sweeteners in solid and beverage form. Physiol Behav 2017; 181:100-109. [PMID: 28899680 PMCID: PMC5634742 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to examine the role of the cephalic phase insulin response (CPIR) following exposure to nutritive and low-calorie sweeteners in solid and beverage form in overweight and obese adults. In addition, the role of learning on the CPIR to nutritive and low-calorie sweetener exposure was tested. Sixty-four overweight and obese adults (age: 18-50years, BMI: 24-37kg/m2, body fat percentage>25% for men and >32% for women) were sham-fed (at 2-minute intervals for 14min) a randomly assigned test load comprised of a nutritive (sucrose) or low-calorie sweetener (sucralose) in beverage or solid form in phase 1 of the study. A 2-3ml blood sample was collected before and 2, 6, 10, 14, 61, 91 and 121min after oral exposure for serum insulin and glucose analysis. During phase 2, participants underwent a 2-week training period to facilitate associative learning between the sensory properties of test loads and their post-ingestive effects. In phase 3, participants were retested for their cephalic phase responses as in phase 1. Participants were classified as responders if they demonstrated a positive insulin response (rise of serum insulin above baseline i.e. Δ insulin) 2min post-stimulus in phase 1. Among responders exposed to the same sweetener in Phases 1 and 3, the proportion of participants that displayed a rise of insulin with oral exposure to sucralose was significantly greater when the stimulus was in the solid form compared to the beverage form. Sucralose and sucrose exposure elicited similarly significant increases in serum insulin 2min after exposure and significant decreases after 2min in responders in both food forms. The solid food form elicited greater CPIR over 2, 6 and 10min than the beverage form. There was no effect of learning on insulin responses after training. The results indicate the presence of a significant CPIR in a subset of individuals with overweight or obesity after oral exposure to sucralose, especially when present in solid food form. Future studies must confirm the reliability of this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaapna Dhillon
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 226 Stone Hall, 700 W State Street, West Lafayette 47907, IN, USA.
| | - Janice Y Lee
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 226 Stone Hall, 700 W State Street, West Lafayette 47907, IN, USA.
| | - Richard D Mattes
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 226 Stone Hall, 700 W State Street, West Lafayette 47907, IN, USA.
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42
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Teasdale SB, Samaras K, Wade T, Jarman R, Ward PB. A review of the nutritional challenges experienced by people living with severe mental illness: a role for dietitians in addressing physical health gaps. J Hum Nutr Diet 2017; 30:545-553. [PMID: 28419586 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
People experiencing a severe mental illness (SMI), such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar affective disorder or depression with psychotic features, have a 20-year mortality gap compared to the general population. This 'scandal of premature mortality' is primarily driven by preventable cardiometabolic disease, and recent research suggests that the mortality gap is widening. Multidisciplinary mental health teams often include psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, specialist mental health nurses, social workers and occupational therapists, offering a range of pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments to enhance the recovery of clients who have experienced, or are experiencing a SMI. Until recently, lifestyle and life skills interventions targeting the poor physical health experienced by people living with SMI have not been offered in most routine clinical settings. Furthermore, there are calls to include dietary intervention as mainstream in psychiatry to enhance mental health recovery. With the integration of dietitians being a relatively new approach, it is important to review and assess the literature to inform practice. This review assesses the dietary challenges experienced by people with a SMI and discusses potential strategies for improving mental and physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Teasdale
- Keeping the Body in Mind Program, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia.,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - K Samaras
- Department of Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, Australia.,Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - T Wade
- Keeping the Body in Mind Program, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| | - R Jarman
- Keeping the Body in Mind Program, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| | - P B Ward
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.,Schizophrenia Research Unit, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District & Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Australia
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43
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Popkin BM. The Challenge in Improving the Diets of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Recipients: A Historical Commentary. Am J Prev Med 2017; 52:S106-S114. [PMID: 28109411 PMCID: PMC5476300 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides a historical background for the current nutrition issues faced by the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). The Food Stamp Program evolved into SNAP during a period when U.S. diets, particularly those of the poor, became less healthful. During the 1960s, the U.S. (Kennedy-Johnson era) addressed malnutrition first with a pilot project focused on retail sales and cash food stamps, which showed that low-income consumers purchased relatively healthy foods for a fairly high-quality diet. Southern politicians in the House of Representatives wanted a program similar to an earlier subsidized commodity distribution program. The pilot provided the evidence northern urban politicians sought, and they held the farm bill hostage until southern rural interests agreed to an unfettered Food Stamp Program that allowed purchases directly from retailers. A final Food Stamp Program law was incorporated into the farm bill and passed. This program shifted in 1977 to a full cash benefit system later, first using food stamps to act as cash and later an Electronic Benefit Transfer program. The program was designed at a time of a very healthful diet of lower-SES Americans. As diets of lower-income Americans changed and the entire food system shifted, the program has not been adjusted in any manner. Today, 50%-66% of the calories in the American diet, particularly that of low-SES Americans, come from highly processed foods containing excessive refined carbohydrates, sodium, unhealthy saturated fats, and added sugar. The SNAP design has not responded to these shifts in diet and the powerful interests controlling our food system. This twist in the U.S. diet and food system presents a major dilemma to those attempting to form a healthy food program based on the results of an effective pilot project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry M Popkin
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
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Pettigrew S, Talati Z, Pratt IS. Health communication implications of the perceived meanings of terms used to denote unhealthy foods. BMC OBESITY 2017; 4:3. [PMID: 28078093 PMCID: PMC5223380 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-016-0142-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Using appropriate terminology in nutrition education programs and behaviour change campaigns is important to optimise the effectiveness of these efforts. To inform future communications on the topic of healthy eating, this study explored adults’ perceptions of the meaning of four terms used to describe unhealthy foods: junk food, snack food, party food, and discretionary food. Methods Australian adults were recruited to participate in an online survey that included demographic items and open-ended questions relating to perceptions of the four terms. In total, 409 respondents aged 25–64 years completed the survey. Results ‘Junk food’ was the term most clearly aligned with unhealthiness, and is therefore likely to represent wording that will have salience and relevance to many target audience members. Snack foods were considered to include both healthy and unhealthy food products, and both snack foods and party foods were often described as being consumed in small portions. Despite being used in dietary guidelines, the term ‘discretionary food’ was unfamiliar to many respondents. Conclusions These results demonstrate that different terms for unhealthy foods can have substantially different meanings for audience members. A detailed understanding of these meanings is needed to ensure that nutrition guidance and health promotion campaigns use appropriate terminology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Pettigrew
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University Kent St, Bentley, 6102 WA Australia
| | - Zenobia Talati
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University Kent St, Bentley, 6102 WA Australia
| | - Iain S Pratt
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University Kent St, Bentley, 6102 WA Australia ; Cancer Council Western Australia, 420 Bagot Rd, Subiaco, 6008 WA Australia
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45
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Seo SS, Oh HY, Lee JK, Kong JS, Lee DO, Kim MK. Combined effect of diet and cervical microbiome on the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Clin Nutr 2016; 35:1434-1441. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Heshmat R, Abdollahi Z, Ghotbabadi FS, Rostami M, Shafiee G, Qorbani M, Rezaei Homami M, Larijani B, Salehi F. Nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice toward micronutrients among Iranian households: the NUTRI-KAP survey. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2016; 15:42. [PMID: 27709106 PMCID: PMC5050604 DOI: 10.1186/s40200-016-0260-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Healthy diet for maintaining a healthy weight and prevention of chronic disease is vital at all stages of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional knowledge, attitude, and practice among urban and rural households in Iran. Methods In this nation-wide study, 14,136 subjects were selected using a multistage cluster sampling method from 31 provinces of Iran. This study was on the households in rural and urban areas in Iran. Participants of this study were mothers or other members who were responsible for preparing meals for the whole family. Data were gathered by the questionnaire and the interview with the qualified person in each family. Results Frequency of knowledge about food source of calcium was between 11.6 and 64.7 %. Knowing of food source of zinc was about 12.8–16.7 %. Knowledge about of meat as source of iron was 50.9 and 46.5 % in regions of urban and rural, respectively. Positive attitude about preferring to use the full-fat dairy was about 25.1 % and negative attitude about this issue was 71.4 %; the positive attitude was slightly lower in rural areas than in urban areas. Respectively, frequency of using red meat in urban households was 10.8, 73.7, and 15.5 % as daily, weekly and rarely. Frequency of using daily of milk, yogurt and cheese was significantly lower in rural than in urban household. Conclusion This national study indicates that in some cases there is a gap between knowledge and behavior among household of Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Abdollahi
- Community Nutrition Department, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahsa Rostami
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gita Shafiee
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Department of Community Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rezaei Homami
- Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital Complex, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forouzan Salehi
- Community Nutrition Department, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
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Conchola EC, Smith-Ryan AE, Thompson BJ, Sobolewski EJ, Ryan ED. Occupational differences for nutrient intake and physical-activity levels in young and middle-aged men. Work 2016; 55:187-196. [PMID: 27567793 DOI: 10.3233/wor-162371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical demands may vary between white collar and blue collar occupations when evaluating specific physiological differences such as one's weight, body mass index and body fat percentage. OBJECTIVE To explore nutritional, anthropometric, and physical-activity differences between young and middle-aged WC and BC workers. METHODS Ninety-one male participants aged 19-64 that were either WC and/or BC workers completed a 3-day food recall, modified Baecke Questionnaire, and had their height, weight, body mass index and body fat percentage measured. Participants were classified as: young-white-collar, young-blue-collar, middle-white-collar or middle-blue-collar workers. RESULTS No nutritional differences within ages or between occupations were reported. Body mass index and body fat percentage were lower for young vs. middle-aged workers. Lastly, physical-activity at work was higher for young and middle-aged Blue collar workers, while White collar workers participated in more physical activity outside of work. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that the observed increases in body fat percentage and body mass index with age, are independent of occupation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Conchola
- Department of Wellness, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Abbie E Smith-Ryan
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brennan J Thompson
- Department of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Eric J Sobolewski
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise, and Sport Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Eric D Ryan
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Hampl JS, Taylor CA, Booth CL. Differences in Dietary Patterns of Nonsmoking Adults Married to Smokers vs. Nonsmokers. Am J Health Promot 2016. [DOI: 10.4278/0890-1171-16.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose. To compare dietary intakes of nonsmoking adults married to smokers or non-smokers. Design. Respondents to the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII), 1994 to 1996 (response rate = 76.1% for 2 days of dietary intake). Nonsmoking adults aged 18 and older were grouped according to the smoking status of their spouse. Setting. In-home interviews in all 50 states and Washington, D.C. Subjects. The selected sample included 757 men and 754 women who were married to nonsmokers, and 197 men and 262 women who were married to smokers. Measures. Selected demographic variables, food group servings, food energy, and densities of selected nutrients were compared using χ2 and analysis of covariance. Results. Men and women married to smokers had greater (p ⩽ .025) energy-adjusted intakes of total and saturated fat but significantly lower (p ⩽ .05) energy-adjusted intakes of fiber and vitamin A. Men married to smokers consumed significantly more (p < .025) energy-adjusted cholesterol and ethanol but significantly less calcium (p = .026); women married to smokers consumed significantly less (p = .014) energy-adjusted folate. Men married to smokers consumed significantly more (p ⩽ .05) alcoholic beverages, coffee, and soft drinks; women married to smokers consumed significantly less water (p = .014) but more cheese and table sweeteners (p ⩽ .05). Conclusions. Nonsmoking men and women who were married to smokers had compromised dietary intakes. Nonsmoking men whose wives smoked, in particular, had unhealthy diets due to elevated intakes of fat and cholesterol and low intakes of vitamin A, calcium, and fiber. Health professionals should continue to provide tobacco cessation instruction and dietary guidance, but also be aware of at-risk patients' immediate family members who likely share an increased risk of disease because of poor diet quality and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.
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Wilson AL, Buckley E, Buckley JD, Bogomolova S. Nudging healthier food and beverage choices through salience and priming. Evidence from a systematic review. Food Qual Prefer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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50
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Angelo G, Drake VJ, Frei B. Efficacy of Multivitamin/mineral Supplementation to Reduce Chronic Disease Risk: A Critical Review of the Evidence from Observational Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2016; 55:1968-91. [PMID: 24941429 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2014.912199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We reviewed recent scientific evidence regarding the effects of multivitamin/mineral (MVM) supplements on risk of chronic diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and age-related eye diseases. Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational, prospective cohort studies were examined. The majority of scientific studies investigating the use of MVM supplements in chronic disease risk reduction reported no significant effect. However, the largest and longest RCT of MVM supplements conducted to date, the Physicians' Health Study II (PHS II), found a modest and significant reduction in total and epithelial cancer incidence in male physicians, consistent with the Supplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants (SU.VI.MAX) trial. In addition, PHS II found a modest and significant reduction in the incidence of nuclear cataract, in agreement with several other RCTs and observational, prospective cohort studies. The effects of MVM use on other subtypes of cataract and age-related macular degeneration remain unclear. Neither RCTs nor prospective cohort studies are without their limitations. The placebo-controlled trial design of RCTs may be inadequate for nutrient interventions, and residual confounding, measurement error, and the possibility of reverse causality are inherent to any observational study. National surveys show that micronutrient inadequacies are widespread in the US and that dietary supplements, of which MVMs are the most common type, help fulfill micronutrient requirements in adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giana Angelo
- a Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon , USA
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