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Wang S, He Q, Qu Y, Yin W, Zhao R, Wang X, Yang Y, Guo ZN. Emerging strategies for nerve repair and regeneration in ischemic stroke: neural stem cell therapy. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2430-2443. [PMID: 38526280 PMCID: PMC11090435 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.391313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide, with limited treatment options available in clinical practice. The emergence of stem cell therapy has provided new hope to the field of stroke treatment via the restoration of brain neuron function. Exogenous neural stem cells are beneficial not only in cell replacement but also through the bystander effect. Neural stem cells regulate multiple physiological responses, including nerve repair, endogenous regeneration, immune function, and blood-brain barrier permeability, through the secretion of bioactive substances, including extracellular vesicles/exosomes. However, due to the complex microenvironment of ischemic cerebrovascular events and the low survival rate of neural stem cells following transplantation, limitations in the treatment effect remain unresolved. In this paper, we provide a detailed summary of the potential mechanisms of neural stem cell therapy for the treatment of ischemic stroke, review current neural stem cell therapeutic strategies and clinical trial results, and summarize the latest advancements in neural stem cell engineering to improve the survival rate of neural stem cells. We hope that this review could help provide insight into the therapeutic potential of neural stem cells and guide future scientific endeavors on neural stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siji Wang
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qianyan He
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Wenjing Yin
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhao
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xuyutian Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, General Surgery Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Stroke Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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Wilson KL, Joseph NI, Onweller LA, Anderson AR, Darling NJ, David-Bercholz J, Segura T. SDF-1 Bound Heparin Nanoparticles Recruit Progenitor Cells for Their Differentiation and Promotion of Angiogenesis after Stroke. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302081. [PMID: 38009291 PMCID: PMC11128481 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis after stroke is correlated with enhanced tissue repair and functional outcomes. The existing body of research in biomaterials for stroke focuses on hydrogels for the delivery of stem cells, growth factors, or small molecules or drugs. Despite the ability of hydrogels to enhance all these delivery methods, no material has significantly regrown vasculature within the translatable timeline of days to weeks after stroke. Here, two novel biomaterial formulations of granular hydrogels are developed for tissue regeneration after stroke: highly porous microgels (i.e., Cryo microgels) and microgels bound with heparin-norbornene nanoparticles with covalently bound SDF-1α. The combination of these materials results in perfused vessels throughout the stroke core in only 10 days, in addition to increased neural progenitor cell recruitment, maintenance, and increased neuronal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina L. Wilson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708-0281, USA
| | - Neica I. Joseph
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708-0281, USA
| | - Lauren A. Onweller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708-0281, USA
| | - Alexa R. Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708-0281, USA
| | - Nicole J. Darling
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | - Tatiana Segura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham NC 27708-0281, USA
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708-0281 USA
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708-0281 USA
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Pawluk H, Tafelska-Kaczmarek A, Sopońska M, Porzych M, Modrzejewska M, Pawluk M, Kurhaluk N, Tkaczenko H, Kołodziejska R. The Influence of Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Biomolecules 2024; 14:1130. [PMID: 39334896 PMCID: PMC11430825 DOI: 10.3390/biom14091130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and its incidence is rising rapidly. Acute ischemic stroke is a subtype of stroke that accounts for the majority of stroke cases and has a high mortality rate. An effective treatment for stroke is to minimize damage to the brain's neural tissue by restoring blood flow to decreased perfusion areas of the brain. Many reports have concluded that both oxidative stress and excitotoxicity are the main pathological processes associated with ischemic stroke. Current measures to protect the brain against serious damage caused by stroke are insufficient. For this reason, it is important to investigate oxidative and antioxidant strategies to reduce oxidative damage. This review focuses on studies assessing the concentration of oxidative stress biomarkers and the level of antioxidants (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) and their impact on the clinical prognosis of patients after stroke. Mechanisms related to the production of ROS/RNS and the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke are presented, as well as new therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing the effects of ischemia and reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Pawluk
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Tafelska-Kaczmarek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Sopońska
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marta Porzych
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Martyna Modrzejewska
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Mateusz Pawluk
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Natalia Kurhaluk
- Institute of Biology, Pomeranian University in Slupsk, Arciszewski 22B, 76-200 Slupsk, Poland
| | - Halina Tkaczenko
- Institute of Biology, Pomeranian University in Slupsk, Arciszewski 22B, 76-200 Slupsk, Poland
| | - Renata Kołodziejska
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Karlowicza 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Jiang S, Yuan C, Zou T, Koh JH, Basabrain M, Chen Q, Liu J, Heng BC, Lim LW, Wang P, Zhang C. An Injectable Hydrogel Loaded with GMSCs-Derived Neural Lineage Cells Promotes Recovery after Stroke. Tissue Eng Part A 2024; 30:563-576. [PMID: 38756085 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2023.0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a devastating medical condition with poor prognosis due to the lack of effective treatment modalities. Transplantation of human neural stem cells or primary neural cells is a promising treatment approach, but this is hindered by limited suitable cell sources and low in vitro expansion capacity. This study aimed (1) use small molecules (SM) to reprogram gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) commitment to the neural lineage cells in vitro, and (2) use hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel scaffolds seeded with GMSCs-derived neural lineage cells to treat ischemic stroke in vivo. Neural induction was carried out with a SM cocktail-based one-step culture protocol over a period of 24 h. The induced cells were analyzed for expression of neural markers with immunocytochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 100) were subjected to the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) reperfusion ischemic stroke model. Then, after 8 days post-MCAO, the modeled rats were randomly assigned to six study groups (n = 12 per group): (1) GMSCs, (2) GMSCs-derived neural lineage cells, (3) HA and GMSCs-derived neural lineage cells, (4) HA, (5) PBS, and (6) sham transplantation control, and received their respective transplantation. Evaluation of post-stroke recovery were performed by behavioral tests and histological assessments. The morphologically altered nature of neural lineages has been observed of the GMSCs treated with SMs compared to the untreated controls. As shown by the qRT-PCR and immunocytochemistry, SMs further significantly enhanced the expression level of neural markers of GMSCs as compared with the untreated controls (all p < 0.05). Intracerebral injection of self-assembling HA hydrogel carrying GMSCs-derived neural lineage cells promoted the recovery of neural function and reduced ischemic damage in rats with ischemic stroke, as demonstrated by histological examination and behavioral assessments (all p < 0.05). In conclusion, the SM cocktail significantly enhanced the differentiation of GMSCs into neural lineage cells. The HA hydrogel was found to facilitate the proliferation and differentiation of GMSCs-derived neural lineage cells. Furthermore, HA hydrogel seeded with GMSCs-derived neural lineage cells could promote tissue repair and functional recovery in rats with ischemic stroke and may be a promising alternative treatment modality for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- Faculty of Dentistry, Restorative Dental Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Changyong Yuan
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ting Zou
- Faculty of Dentistry, Restorative Dental Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Hao Koh
- Faculty of Dentistry, Restorative Dental Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mohammed Basabrain
- Faculty of Dentistry, Restorative Dental Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qixin Chen
- Faculty of Dentistry, Restorative Dental Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junqing Liu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Restorative Dental Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Lee Wei Lim
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Penglai Wang
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, Restorative Dental Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Liu YF, Liu HT, Chang C, Yang CX, Liu XN, Wang X, Ge W, Wang RZ, Bao XJ. Stereotactically intracerebral transplantation of neural stem cells for ischemic stroke attenuated inflammatory responses and promoted neurogenesis: an experimental study with monkeys. Int J Surg 2024; 110:5417-5433. [PMID: 38874473 PMCID: PMC11392141 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke is a common neurovascular disorder with high morbidity and mortality. However, the underlying mechanism of stereotactically intracerebral transplantation of human neural stem cells (hNSCs) is not well elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four days after ischemic stroke induced by Rose Bengal photothrombosis, seven cynomolgus monkeys were transplanted with hNSCs or vehicles stereotactically and followed up for 84 days. Behavioral assessments, magnetic resonance imaging, blood tests, and pathological analysis were performed before and after treatment. The proteome profiles of the left and right precentral gyrus and hippocampus were evaluated. Extracellular vesicle micro-RNA (miRNA) from the peripheral blood was extracted and analyzed. RESULTS hNSC transplantation reduced the remaining infarcted lesion volume of cynomolgus monkeys with ischemic stroke without remarkable side effects. Proteomic analyses indicated that hNSC transplantation promoted GABAergic and glutamatergic neurogenesis and restored the mitochondrial electron transport chain function in the ischemic infarcted left precentral gyrus or hippocampus. Immunohistochemical staining and quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR confirmed the promoting effects on neurogenesis and revealed that hNSCs attenuated post-infarct inflammatory responses by suppressing resident glia activation and mediating peripheral immune cell infiltration. Consistently, miRNA-sequencing revealed the miRNAs that were related to these pathways were downregulated after hNSC transplantation. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that hNSCs can be effectively and safely used to treat ischemic stroke by promoting neurogenesis, regulating post-infarct inflammatory responses, and restoring mitochondrial function in both the infarct region and hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan
| | - Hao-Tian Liu
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Chuheng Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Cheng-Xian Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing
| | - Xin-Nan Liu
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Wei Ge
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Ren-Zhi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
- School of Medicine, Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong
| | - Xin-Jie Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Beijing, China
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Liu X, Jia X. Neuroprotection of Stem Cells Against Ischemic Brain Injury: From Bench to Clinic. Transl Stroke Res 2024; 15:691-713. [PMID: 37415004 PMCID: PMC10771544 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurological injuries can have numerous debilitating effects on functional status including sensorimotor deficits, cognitive impairment, and behavioral symptoms. Despite the disease burden, treatment options remain limited. Current pharmacological interventions are targeted at symptom management but are ineffective in reversing ischemic brain damage. Stem cell therapy for ischemic brain injury has shown promising preclinical and clinical results and has attracted attention as a potential therapeutic option. Various stem cell sources (embryonic, mesenchymal/bone marrow, and neural stem cells) have been investigated. This review provides an overview of the advances made in our understanding of the various types of stem cells and progress made in the use of these stem cells for the treatment of ischemic brain injuries. In particular, the use of stem cell therapy in global cerebral ischemia following cardiac arrest and in focal cerebral ischemia after ischemic stroke are discussed. The proposed mechanisms of stem cells' neuroprotective effects in animal models (rat/mice, pig/swine) and other clinical studies, different routes of administration (intravenous/intra-arterial/intracerebroventricular/intranasal/intraperitoneal/intracranial) and stem cell preconditioning are discussed. Much of the promising data on stem cell therapies after ischemic brain injury remains in the experimental stage and several limitations remain unsettled. Future investigation is needed to further assess the safety and efficacy and to overcome the remaining obstacles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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Wang X, Zang J, Yang Y, Li K, Ye D, Wang Z, Wang Q, Wu Y, Luan Z. Human neural stem cells transplanted during the sequelae phase alleviate motor deficits in a rat model of cerebral palsy. Cytotherapy 2024:S1465-3249(24)00804-1. [PMID: 39186025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2024.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common physical disability in children, yet lacks an ideal animal model or effective treatment. This study aimed to develop a reliable CP model in neonatal rats and explore the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of human neural stem cells (hNSCs) transplantation during the sequelae phase of CP. METHODS Vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 (ET-1) was administered intracranially to the motor cortex and striatum of rats on postnatal day 5 to establish a CP model. hNSCs (5 × 105/5 μL) pretreated with hypoxia (5% O2 for 24 h) were transplanted near the infarct 3 weeks after ET-1 injury (the sequelae phase). The distribution and differentiation of hNSCs were observed after transplantation. Changes in neurotrophic factors, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, axonal plasticity, and motor function were analyzed. RESULTS Neurobehavioral tests showed poor muscle strength and postural control in young ET-1 rats. Motor deficits of the left forelimb and gait abnormalities persisted into adulthood. Histopathological findings and MRI indicated the atrophy of the cortex, striatum, and adjacent corpus callosum in ET-1 rats. At 56 days after transplantation, hNSCs were widely distributed in the ipsilateral hemisphere, and differentiated into neurons, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes. Transplantation of hNSCs increased BDNF and VEGF expression, EdU+ cell number in the SVZ area, RECA-1+ vessel density and GAP-43 intensity around the lesion in ET-1 rats. The cylinder test revealed a significant increase in the left forelimb motor function from 28 days after transplantation, and the staircase and CatWalk tests showed improvements in fine motor function and gait parameters. CONCLUSIONS Intracerebral injection of ET-1 modelled key functional and histopathological features of CP. hNSCs transplanted during the sequelae phase of CP resulted in long-term improvement in motor performance, possibly attributed to its capacity to stimulate neurotrophic factors, facilitate neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and promote axonal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China, 100048; Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China, 226001
| | - Jing Zang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China, 100048
| | - Yinxiang Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China, 100048
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China, 100048
| | - Dou Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China, 100048
| | - Zhaoyan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China, 100048
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China, 100048
| | - Youjia Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China, 226001.
| | - Zuo Luan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China, 100048.
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Wang Z, Huang C, Shi Z, Liu H, Han X, Chen Z, Li S, Wang Z, Huang J. A taurine-based hydrogel with the neuroprotective effect and the ability to promote neural stem cell proliferation. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 161:213895. [PMID: 38795474 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, a cerebrovascular disease caused by arterial occlusion in the brain, can lead to brain impairment and even death. Stem cell therapies have shown positive advantages to treat ischemic stroke because of their extended time window, but the cell viability is poor when transplanted into the brain directly. Therefore, a new hydrogel GelMA-T was developed by introducing taurine on GelMA to transplant neural stem cells. The GelMA-T displayed the desired photocuring ability, micropore structure, and cytocompatibility. Its compressive modulus was more similar to neural tissue compared to that of GelMA. The GelMA-T could protect SH-SY5Y cells from injury induced by OGD/R. Furthermore, the NE-4C cells showed better proliferation performance in GelMA-T than that in GelMA during both 2D and 3D cultures. All results demonstrate that GelMA-T possesses a neuroprotective effect for ischemia/reperfusion injury against ischemic stroke and plays a positive role in promoting NSC proliferation. The novel hydrogel is anticipated to function as cell vehicles for the transplantation of neural stem cells into the stroke cavity, aiming to treat ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wang
- Centre for Advanced Jet Engineering Technology (CaJET), Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Mechanical Engineering (Shandong University), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Chuanzhen Huang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Zhenyu Shi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
| | - Hanlian Liu
- Centre for Advanced Jet Engineering Technology (CaJET), Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Mechanical Engineering (Shandong University), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China.
| | - Xu Han
- Centre for Advanced Jet Engineering Technology (CaJET), Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Mechanical Engineering (Shandong University), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Zhuang Chen
- Centre for Advanced Jet Engineering Technology (CaJET), Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Mechanical Engineering (Shandong University), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Shuying Li
- Centre for Advanced Jet Engineering Technology (CaJET), Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Mechanical Engineering (Shandong University), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Centre for Advanced Jet Engineering Technology (CaJET), Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture (Ministry of Education), National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Mechanical Engineering (Shandong University), School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
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Lu Y, Lin Z, Li M, Zhuang Y, Nie B, Lei J, Zhao Y, Zhao H. Three-phase Enriched Environment Improves Post-stroke Gait Dysfunction via Facilitating Neuronal Plasticity in the Bilateral Sensorimotor Cortex: A Multimodal MRI/PET Analysis in Rats. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:719-731. [PMID: 38055107 PMCID: PMC11178725 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01155-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The three-phase Enriched Environment (EE) paradigm has been shown to promote post-stroke functional improvement, but the neuronal mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we applied a multimodal neuroimaging protocol combining magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) to examine the effects of post-ischemic EE treatment on structural and functional neuroplasticity in the bilateral sensorimotor cortex. Rats were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. The motor function of the rats was examined using the DigiGait test. MRI was applied to investigate the EE-induced structural modifications of the bilateral sensorimotor cortex. [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose PET was used to detect glucose metabolism. Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD)-functional MRI (fMRI) was used to identify the regional brain activity and functional connectivity (FC). In addition, the expression of neuroplasticity-related signaling pathways including neurotrophic factors (BDNF/CREB), axonal guidance proteins (Robo1/Slit2), and axonal growth-inhibitory proteins (NogoA/NgR) as well as downstream proteins (RhoA/ROCK) in the bilateral sensorimotor cortex were measured by Western blots. Our results showed the three-phase EE improved the walking ability. Structural T2 mapping imaging and diffusion tensor imaging demonstrated that EE benefited structure integrity in the bilateral sensorimotor cortex. PET-MRI fused images showed improved glucose metabolism in the corresponding regions after EE intervention. Specifically, the BOLD-based amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations showed that EE increased spontaneous activity in the bilateral motor cortex and ipsilateral sensory cortex. In addition, FC results showed increased sensorimotor connectivity in the ipsilateral hemisphere and increased interhemispheric motor cortical connectivity and motor cortical-thalamic connectivity following EE intervention. In addition, a strong correlation was found between increased functional connectivity and improved motor performance of limbs. Specifically, EE regulated the expression of neuroplasticity-related signaling, involving BDNF/CREB, Slit2/Robo1, as well as the axonal growth-inhibitory pathways Nogo-A/Nogo receptor and RhoA/ROCK in the bilateral sensorimotor cortex. Our results indicated that the three-phase enriched environment paradigm enhances neuronal plasticity of the bilateral sensorimotor cortex and consequently ameliorates post-stroke gait deficits. These findings might provide some new clues for the development of EE and thus facilitate the clinical translation of EE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ziyue Lin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Mingcong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yuming Zhuang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Binbin Nie
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianfeng Lei
- Medical Imaging Laboratory of Core Facility Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Medical Imaging Laboratory of Core Facility Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory Research, Beijing, 100069, China.
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10
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Yaqubi S, Karimian M. Stem cell therapy as a promising approach for ischemic stroke treatment. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2024; 6:100183. [PMID: 38831867 PMCID: PMC11144755 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2024.100183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemia as the most common type of stroke is the main cause of death and disability in the world. However, there are few therapeutic approaches to treat ischemic stroke. The common approach to the treatment of ischemia includes surgery-cum-chemical drugs. Surgery and chemical drugs are used to remove blood clots to prevent the deterioration of the nervous system. Given the surgical hazards and the challenges associated with chemical drugs, these cannot be considered safe approaches to the treatment of brain ischemia. Besides surgery-cum-chemical drugs, different types of stem cells including mesenchymal stem cells and neurological stem cells have been considered to treat ischemic stroke. Therapeutic approaches utilizing stem cells to treat strokes are promising because of their neuroprotective and regenerative benefits. However, the mechanisms by which the transplanted stem cells perform their precisely actions are unknown. The purpose of this study is to critically review stem cell-based therapeutic approaches for ischemia along with related challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Yaqubi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karimian
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
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11
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Cerutti L, Brofiga M. Unraveling brain diseases: The promise of brain-on-a-chip models. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 405:110105. [PMID: 38460796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Brain disorders, encompassing a wide spectrum of neurological and psychiatric conditions, present a formidable challenge in modern medicine. Despite decades of research, the intricate complexity of the human brain still eludes comprehensive understanding, impeding the development of effective treatments. Recent advancements in microfluidics and tissue engineering have led to the development of innovative platforms known as "Brain-on-a-Chip" (BoC) i.e., advanced in vitro systems that aim to replicate the microenvironment of the brain with the highest possible fidelity. This technology offers a promising test-bed for studying brain disorders at the cellular and network levels, providing insights into disease mechanisms, drug screening, and, in perspective, the development of personalized therapeutic strategies. In this review, we provide an overview of the BoC models developed over the years to model and understand the onset and progression of some of the most severe neurological disorders in terms of incidence and debilitation (stroke, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and epilepsy). We also report some of the cutting-edge therapeutic approaches whose effects were evaluated by means of these technologies. Finally, we discuss potential challenges, and future perspectives of the BoC models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Cerutti
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics, and Systems Engineering (DIBIRS), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Brofiga
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics, and Systems Engineering (DIBIRS), University of Genova, Genova, Italy; ScreenNeuroPharm s.r.l, Sanremo, Italy; Neurofacility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
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12
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Kanemura Y, Yamamoto A, Katsuma A, Fukusumi H, Shofuda T, Kanematsu D, Handa Y, Sumida M, Yoshioka E, Mine Y, Yamaguchi R, Okada M, Igarashi M, Sekino Y, Shirao T, Nakamura M, Okano H. Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Progenitor Cells Showed Neuronal Differentiation, Neurite Extension, and Formation of Synaptic Structures in Rodent Ischemic Stroke Brains. Cells 2024; 13:671. [PMID: 38667286 PMCID: PMC11048851 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality rates; however, effective treatments for ischemic stroke-related neurological dysfunction have yet to be developed. In this study, we generated neural progenitor cells from human leukocyte antigen major loci gene-homozygous-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-NPCs) and evaluated their therapeutic effects against ischemic stroke. hiPSC-NPCs were intracerebrally transplanted into rat ischemic brains produced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion at either the subacute or acute stage, and their in vivo survival, differentiation, and efficacy for functional improvement in neurological dysfunction were evaluated. hiPSC-NPCs were histologically identified in host brain tissues and showed neuronal differentiation into vGLUT-positive glutamatergic neurons, extended neurites into both the ipsilateral infarct and contralateral healthy hemispheres, and synaptic structures formed 12 weeks after both acute and subacute stage transplantation. They also improved neurological function when transplanted at the subacute stage with γ-secretase inhibitor pretreatment. However, their effects were modest and not significant and showed a possible risk of cells remaining in their undifferentiated and immature status in acute-stage transplantation. These results suggest that hiPSC-NPCs show cell replacement effects in ischemic stroke-damaged neural tissues, but their efficacy is insufficient for neurological functional improvement after acute or subacute transplantation. Further optimization of cell preparation methods and the timing of transplantation is required to balance the efficacy and safety of hiPSC-NPC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonehiro Kanemura
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan
| | - Atsuyo Yamamoto
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Asako Katsuma
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Hayato Fukusumi
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Tomoko Shofuda
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Daisuke Kanematsu
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Yukako Handa
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Miho Sumida
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Ema Yoshioka
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan; (A.Y.); (A.K.); (H.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Yutaka Mine
- Department of Neurosurgery, NHO Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan;
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (R.Y.); (H.O.)
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (R.Y.); (H.O.)
- Regenerative & Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Masayasu Okada
- Department of Brain Tumor Biology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Michihiro Igarashi
- Department of Neurochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical, Dental Sciences Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan;
| | - Yuko Sekino
- Department of Veterinary Pathophysiology and Animal Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;
| | | | - Masaya Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan;
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; (R.Y.); (H.O.)
- Keio Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Keio University, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
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13
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Gancheva MR, Kremer K, Breen J, Arthur A, Hamilton-Bruce A, Thomas P, Gronthos S, Koblar S. Effect of Octamer-Binding Transcription Factor 4 Overexpression on the Neural Induction of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:797-815. [PMID: 38316679 PMCID: PMC10984899 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10678-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy is a potential alternative strategy for brain repair, with neural stem cells (NSC) presenting as the most promising candidates. Obtaining sufficient quantities of NSC for clinical applications is challenging, therefore alternative cell types, such as neural crest-derived dental pulp stem cells (DPSC), may be considered. Human DPSC possess neurogenic potential, exerting positive effects in the damaged brain through paracrine effects. However, a method for conversion of DPSC into NSC has yet to be developed. Here, overexpression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) in combination with neural inductive conditions was used to reprogram human DPSC along the neural lineage. The reprogrammed DPSC demonstrated a neuronal-like phenotype, with increased expression levels of neural markers, limited capacity for sphere formation, and enhanced neuronal but not glial differentiation. Transcriptomic analysis further highlighted the expression of genes associated with neural and neuronal functions. In vivo analysis using a developmental avian model showed that implanted DPSC survived in the developing central nervous system and respond to endogenous signals, displaying neuronal phenotypes. Therefore, OCT4 enhances the neural potential of DPSC, which exhibited characteristics aligning with neuronal progenitors. This method can be used to standardise DPSC neural induction and provide an alternative source of neural cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria R Gancheva
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia.
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia.
| | - Karlea Kremer
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - James Breen
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Agnes Arthur
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Anne Hamilton-Bruce
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- Stroke Research Programme, Basil Hetzel Institute, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Woodville South, 5011, Australia
| | - Paul Thomas
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
| | - Stan Gronthos
- School of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5000, Australia
| | - Simon Koblar
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
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14
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Albin B, Adhikari P, Tiwari AP, Qubbaj K, Yang IH. Electrical stimulation enhances mitochondrial trafficking as a neuroprotective mechanism against chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. iScience 2024; 27:109052. [PMID: 38375222 PMCID: PMC10875116 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrical stimulation (ESTIM) has shown to be an effective symptomatic treatment to treat pain associated with peripheral nerve damage. However, the neuroprotective mechanism of ESTIM on peripheral neuropathies is still unknown. In this study, we identified that ESTIM has the ability to enhance mitochondrial trafficking as a neuroprotective mechanism against chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathies (CIPNs). CIPN is a debilitating and painful sequalae of anti-cancer chemotherapy treatment which results in degeneration of peripheral nerves. Mitochondrial dynamics were analyzed within axons in response to two different antineoplastic mechanisms by chemotherapy drug treatments paclitaxel and oxaliplatin in vitro. Mitochondrial trafficking response to chemotherapy drug treatment was observed to decrease in conjunction with degeneration of distal axons. Using low-frequency ESTIM, we observed enhanced mitochondrial trafficking to be a neuroprotective mechanism against CIPN. This study confirms ESTIM enhances regeneration of peripheral nerves by increased mitochondrial trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayne Albin
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Prashant Adhikari
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Arjun Prasad Tiwari
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Khayzaran Qubbaj
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - In Hong Yang
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
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15
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Primak AL, Skryabina MN, Dzhauari SS, Tkachuk VA, Karagyaur MN. [The secretome of mesenchymal stromal cells as a new hope in the treatment of acute brain tissue injuries]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2024; 124:83-91. [PMID: 38512099 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202412403283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, traumatic brain injury, bacterial and viral encephalitis, toxic and metabolic encephalopathies are very different pathologies. But, they have much more in common than it might seem at first glance. In this review, the authors propose to consider these brain pathologies from the point of view of the unity of their pathogenetic mechanisms and approaches to therapy. Particular attention is paid to promising therapeutic approaches, such as therapy using cells and their secretion products: an analysis of the accumulated experimental data, the advantages and limitations of these approaches in the treatment of brain damage was carried out. The review may be of interest both to specialists in the field of neurology, neurosurgery and neurorehabilitation, and to readers who want to learn more about the progress of regenerative biomedicine in the treatment of brain pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Primak
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - S S Dzhauari
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - V A Tkachuk
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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16
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Williamson MR, Le SP, Franzen RL, Donlan NA, Rosow JL, Nicot-Cartsonis MS, Cervantes A, Deneen B, Dunn AK, Jones TA, Drew MR. Subventricular zone cytogenesis provides trophic support for neural repair in a mouse model of stroke. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6341. [PMID: 37816732 PMCID: PMC10564905 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke enhances proliferation of neural precursor cells within the subventricular zone (SVZ) and induces ectopic migration of newborn cells towards the site of injury. Here, we characterize the identity of cells arising from the SVZ after stroke and uncover a mechanism through which they facilitate neural repair and functional recovery. With genetic lineage tracing, we show that SVZ-derived cells that migrate towards cortical photothrombotic stroke in mice are predominantly undifferentiated precursors. We find that ablation of neural precursor cells or conditional knockout of VEGF impairs neuronal and vascular reparative responses and worsens recovery. Replacement of VEGF is sufficient to induce neural repair and recovery. We also provide evidence that CXCL12 from peri-infarct vasculature signals to CXCR4-expressing cells arising from the SVZ to direct their ectopic migration. These results support a model in which vasculature surrounding the site of injury attracts cells from the SVZ, and these cells subsequently provide trophic support that drives neural repair and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Williamson
- Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Stephanie P Le
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Ronald L Franzen
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nicole A Donlan
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jill L Rosow
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | | | - Alexis Cervantes
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cancer Neuroscience and Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Benjamin Deneen
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cancer Neuroscience and Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew K Dunn
- Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Theresa A Jones
- Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Michael R Drew
- Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Center for Learning and Memory and Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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17
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Lu B, Avalos P, Svendsen S, Zhang C, Nocito L, Jones MK, Pieplow C, Saylor J, Ghiam S, Block A, Fernandez M, Ljubimov AV, Small K, Liao D, Svendsen CN, Wang S. GMP-grade human neural progenitors delivered subretinally protect vision in rat model of retinal degeneration and survive in minipigs. J Transl Med 2023; 21:650. [PMID: 37743503 PMCID: PMC10519102 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04501-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cell products are increasingly entering early stage clinical trials for treating retinal degeneration. The field is learning from experience about comparability of cells proposed for preclinical and clinical use. Without this, preclinical data supporting translation to a clinical study might not adequately reflect the performance of subsequent clinical-grade cells in patients. METHODS Research-grade human neural progenitor cells (hNPC) and clinical-grade hNPC (termed CNS10-NPC) were injected into the subretinal space of the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat, a rodent model of retinal degeneration such as retinitis pigmentosa. An investigational new drug (IND)-enabling study with CNS10-NPC was performed in the same rodent model. Finally, surgical methodology for subretinal cell delivery in the clinic was optimized in a large animal model with Yucatan minipigs. RESULTS Both research-grade hNPC and clinical-grade hNPC can survive and provide functional and morphological protection in a dose-dependent fashion in RCS rats and the optimal cell dose was defined and used in IND-enabling studies. Grafted CNS10-NPC migrated from the injection site without differentiation into retinal cell phenotypes. Additionally, CNS10-NPC showed long-term survival, safety and efficacy in a good laboratory practice (GLP) toxicity and tumorigenicity study, with no observed cell overgrowth even at the maximum deliverable dose. Finally, using a large animal model with the Yucatan minipig, which has an eye size comparable to the human, we optimized the surgical methodology for subretinal cell delivery in the clinic. CONCLUSIONS These extensive studies supported an approved IND and the translation of CNS10-NPC to an ongoing Phase 1/2a clinical trial (NCT04284293) for the treatment of retinitis pigmentosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lu
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Pablo Avalos
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Soshana Svendsen
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Laura Nocito
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Melissa K Jones
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Cosmo Pieplow
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Joshua Saylor
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Sean Ghiam
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Amanda Block
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Michael Fernandez
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Alexander V Ljubimov
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Kent Small
- Macula& Retina Institute, Glendale, CA, 91203, USA
| | - David Liao
- Retina Vitreous Associates Medical Group, Beverly Hills, CA, 90211, USA
| | - Clive N Svendsen
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Shaomei Wang
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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18
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Lu G, Su X, Wang L, Leung CK, Zhou J, Xiong Z, Wang W, Liu H, Chan WY. Neuroprotective Effects of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles in Ischemic Stroke Models. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2550. [PMID: 37760991 PMCID: PMC10525838 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke represents the second leading cause of death and the primary cause of long-term disability in humans. The transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) reportedly improves functional outcomes in animal models of cerebral ischemia. Here, we evaluate the neuroprotective potential of extracellular vesicles secreted from human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hiPS-MSC-EV) using preclinical cell-based and animal-based models of ischemic strokes. METHODS hiPS-MSC-EV were isolated using an ultrafiltration method. HT22 cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury for 2 h, followed by treatment with hiPS-MSC-EV (100 μg/mL). Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by an intravenous injection of hiPS-MSC-EV (100 μg) at three distinct time points. RESULTS Our experimental approach revealed hiPS-MSC-EV promoted HT22 cell proliferation, reduced apoptosis, and altered cellular morphology following OGD/R. In addition, hiPS-MSC-EV reduced the volume of infarcts, improved spontaneous movement abilities, and enhanced angiogenesis by expressing the VEGF and CXCR4 proteins in the infarcted hemisphere of the MCAO-treated mouse model. CONCLUSION Our findings provide evidence of the potential neuroprotective effects of hiPS-MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (hiPS-MSC-EVs) in both in vitro and in vivo mouse models of ischemic stroke. These results suggest that hiPS-MSC-EVs may play a role in neurorestoration and offer insights into potential cell-free strategies for addressing cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Lu
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (G.L.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (W.W.)
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Branch of CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xianwei Su
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (G.L.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Lihong Wang
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (G.L.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Chi-Kwan Leung
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (G.L.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Jingye Zhou
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (G.L.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Zhiqiang Xiong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; (Z.X.); (H.L.)
| | - Wuming Wang
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (G.L.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; (Z.X.); (H.L.)
| | - Wai-Yee Chan
- CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (G.L.); (X.S.); (L.W.); (J.Z.); (W.W.)
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Branch of CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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19
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Laperle AH, Moser VA, Avalos P, Lu B, Wu A, Fulton A, Ramirez S, Garcia VJ, Bell S, Ho R, Lawless G, Roxas K, Shahin S, Shelest O, Svendsen S, Wang S, Svendsen CN. Human iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells secreting GDNF provide protection in rodent models of ALS and retinal degeneration. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:1629-1642. [PMID: 37084724 PMCID: PMC10444557 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a renewable cell source that can be differentiated into neural progenitor cells (iNPCs) and transduced with glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (iNPC-GDNFs). The goal of the current study is to characterize iNPC-GDNFs and test their therapeutic potential and safety. Single-nuclei RNA-seq show iNPC-GDNFs express NPC markers. iNPC-GDNFs delivered into the subretinal space of the Royal College of Surgeons rodent model of retinal degeneration preserve photoreceptors and visual function. Additionally, iNPC-GDNF transplants in the spinal cord of SOD1G93A amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) rats preserve motor neurons. Finally, iNPC-GDNF transplants in the spinal cord of athymic nude rats survive and produce GDNF for 9 months, with no signs of tumor formation or continual cell proliferation. iNPC-GDNFs survive long-term, are safe, and provide neuroprotection in models of both retinal degeneration and ALS, indicating their potential as a combined cell and gene therapy for various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander H Laperle
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - V Alexandra Moser
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pablo Avalos
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bin Lu
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amanda Wu
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aaron Fulton
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephany Ramirez
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Veronica J Garcia
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shaughn Bell
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ritchie Ho
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - George Lawless
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kristina Roxas
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Saba Shahin
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Oksana Shelest
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Soshana Svendsen
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shaomei Wang
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Clive N Svendsen
- Cedars-Sinai Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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20
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Wilson KL, Onweller LA, Joseph NI, David-Bercholz J, Darling NJ, Segura T. SDF-1 Bound Heparin Nanoparticles Recruit Progenitor Cells for Their Differentiation and Promotion of Angiogenesis After Stroke. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.05.547800. [PMID: 37461490 PMCID: PMC10349963 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.05.547800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis after stroke is correlated with enhanced tissue repair and functional outcomes. The existing body of research in biomaterials for stroke focuses on hydrogels for the delivery of stem cells, growth factors, or small molecules or drugs. Despite the ability of hydrogels to enhance all these delivery methods, no material has significantly regrown vasculature within the translatable timeline of days to weeks after stroke. Here we developed 2 novel biomaterials for tissue regeneration after stroke, a highly porous granular hydrogel termed Cryo microgels, and heparin-norbornene nanoparticles with covalently bound SDF-1α. The combination of these materials resulted in fully revascularized vessels throughout the stroke core in only 10 days, as well as increased neural progenitor cell migration and maintenance and increased neurons.
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21
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Azevedo-Pereira RL, Manley NC, Dong C, Zhang Y, Lee AG, Zatulovskaia Y, Gupta V, Vu J, Han S, Berry JE, Bliss TM, Steinberg GK. Decoding the molecular crosstalk between grafted stem cells and the stroke-injured brain. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112353. [PMID: 37043353 PMCID: PMC10562513 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy shows promise for multiple disorders; however, the molecular crosstalk between grafted cells and host tissue is largely unknown. Here, we take a step toward addressing this question. Using translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP) with sequencing tools, we simultaneously decode the transcriptomes of graft and host for human neural stem cells (hNSCs) transplanted into the stroke-injured rat brain. Employing pathway analysis tools, we investigate the interactions between the two transcriptomes to predict molecular pathways linking host and graft genes; as proof of concept, we predict host-secreted factors that signal to the graft and the downstream molecular cascades they trigger in the graft. We identify a potential host-graft crosstalk pathway where BMP6 from the stroke-injured brain induces graft secretion of noggin, a known brain repair factor. Decoding the molecular interplay between graft and host is a critical step toward deciphering the molecular mechanisms of stem cell action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan C Manley
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chen Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Stanford Genetics Bioinformatics Service Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alex G Lee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Yulia Zatulovskaia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Varun Gupta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jennifer Vu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Summer Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jack E Berry
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tonya M Bliss
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Gary K Steinberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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22
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Su QS, Zhuang DL, Nasser MI, Sai X, Deng G, Li G, Zhu P. Stem Cell Therapies for Restorative Treatments of Central Nervous System Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:491-510. [PMID: 35129759 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01204-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic damage to the central nervous system (CNS) is a catastrophic postoperative complication of aortic occlusion subsequent to cardiovascular surgery that can cause brain impairment and sometimes even paraplegia. Over recent years, numerous studies have investigated techniques for protecting and revascularizing the nervous system during intraoperative ischemia; however, owing to a lack of knowledge of the physiological distinctions between the brain and spinal cord, as well as the limited availability of testing techniques and treatments for ischemia-reperfusion injury, the cause of brain and spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury remains poorly understood, and no adequate response steps are currently available in the clinic. Given the limited ability of the CNS to repair itself, it is of great clinical value to make full use of the proliferative and differentiation potential of stem cells to repair nerves in degenerated and necrotic regions by stem cell transplantation or mobilization, thereby introducing a novel concept for the treatment of severe CNS ischemia-reperfusion injury. This review summarizes the most recent advances in stem cell therapy for ischemia-reperfusion injury in the brain and spinal cord, aiming to advance basic research and the clinical use of stem cell therapy as a promising treatment for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Song Su
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, China.,School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong-Lin Zhuang
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, China.,College of Medicine, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, Guangdong, China
| | - Moussa Ide Nasser
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiyalatu Sai
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao City, 028000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Gang Deng
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Ge Li
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, China. .,School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ping Zhu
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, China. .,School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China. .,College of Medicine, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Structural Heart Disease, Guangzhou, 510100, Guangdong, China. .,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China. .,Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao City, 028000, Inner Mongolia, China.
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23
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Han W, Meißner EM, Neunteibl S, Günther M, Kahnt J, Dolga A, Xie C, Plesnila N, Zhu C, Blomgren K, Culmsee C. Dying transplanted neural stem cells mediate survival bystander effects in the injured brain. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:173. [PMID: 36854658 PMCID: PMC9975220 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05698-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem and progenitor cell (NSPC) transplants provide neuroprotection in models of acute brain injury, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we provide evidence that caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death of NSPCs is required for sending survival signals to the injured brain. The secretome of dying NSPCs contains heat-stable proteins, which protect neurons against glutamate-induced toxicity and trophic factor withdrawal in vitro, and from ischemic brain damage in vivo. Our findings support a new concept suggesting a bystander effect of apoptotic NSPCs, which actively promote neuronal survival through the release of a protective "farewell" secretome. Similar protective effects by the secretome of apoptotic NSPC were also confirmed in human neural progenitor cells and neural stem cells but not in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) or human dopaminergic neurons, suggesting that the observed effects are cell type specific and exist for neural progenitor/stem cells across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Han
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Eva-Maria Meißner
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Neunteibl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Madeline Günther
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Universities of Marburg and Giessen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Kahnt
- Max-Planck-Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Department of Ecophysiology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Amalia Dolga
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Molecular Pharmacology - Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cuicui Xie
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nikolaus Plesnila
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Clinic Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Changlian Zhu
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Klas Blomgren
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Pediatric Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Carsten Culmsee
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Universities of Marburg and Giessen, Marburg, Germany.
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24
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The Biological Behaviors of Neural Stem Cell Affected by Microenvironment from Host Organotypic Brain Slices under Different Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044182. [PMID: 36835592 PMCID: PMC9964775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic strategies based on neural stem cells (NSCs) transplantation bring new hope for neural degenerative disorders, while the biological behaviors of NSCs after being grafted that were affected by the host tissue are still largely unknown. In this study, we engrafted NSCs that were isolated from a rat embryonic cerebral cortex onto organotypic brain slices to examine the interaction between grafts and the host tissue both in normal and pathological conditions, including oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and traumatic injury. Our data showed that the survival and differentiation of NSCs were strongly influenced by the microenvironment of the host tissue. Enhanced neuronal differentiation was observed in normal conditions, while significantly more glial differentiation was observed in injured brain slices. The process growth of grafted NSCs was guided by the cytoarchitecture of host brain slices and showed the distinct difference between the cerebral cortex, corpus callosum and striatum. These findings provided a powerful resource for unraveling how the host environment determines the fate of grafted NSCs, and raise the prospect of NSCs transplantation therapy for neurological diseases.
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25
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Li X, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Xia X, Zheng JC. Neural stem/progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicles: A novel therapy for neurological diseases and beyond. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e214. [PMID: 36776763 PMCID: PMC9905070 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
As bilayer lipid membrane vesicles secreted by neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs), NSC-derived extracellular vesicles (NSC-EVs) have attracted growing attention for their promising potential to serve as novel therapeutic agents in treatment of neurological diseases due to their unique physicochemical characteristics and biological functions. NSC-EVs exhibit advantages such as stable physical and chemical properties, low immunogenicity, and high penetration capacity to cross blood-brain barrier to avoid predicaments of the clinical applications of NSCs that include autoimmune responses, ethical/religious concerns, and the problematic logistics of acquiring fetal tissues. More importantly, NSC-EVs inherit excellent neuroprotective and neuroregenerative potential and immunomodulatory capabilities from parent cells, and display outstanding therapeutic effects on mitigating behavioral alterations and pathological phenotypes of patients or animals with neurological diseases. In this review, we first comprehensively summarize the progress in functional research and application of NSC-EVs in different neurological diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, acute neurological diseases, dementia/cognitive dysfunction, and peripheral diseases. Next, we provide our thoughts on current limitations/concerns as well as tremendous potential of NSC-EVs in clinical applications. Last, we discuss future directions of further investigations on NSC-EVs and their probable applications in both basic and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Li
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative TherapyTongji Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yingbo Zhu
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative TherapyTongji Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative TherapyYangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaohuan Xia
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative TherapyTongji Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic MedicineTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain‐Like IntelligenceShanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji UniversityMinistry of EducationShanghaiChina
| | - Jialin C. Zheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative TherapyTongji Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Nanocatalytic MedicineTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain‐Like IntelligenceShanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Tongji UniversityMinistry of EducationShanghaiChina
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26
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Moniche F, Cabezas-Rodriguez JA, Valverde R, Escudero-Martinez I, Lebrato-Hernandez L, Pardo-Galiana B, Ainz L, Medina-Rodriguez M, de la Torre J, Escamilla-Gomez V, Ortega-Quintanilla J, Zapata-Arriaza E, de Albóniga-Chindurza A, Mancha F, Gamero MA, Perez S, Espinosa-Rosso R, Forero-Diaz L, Moya M, Piñero P, Calderón-Cabrera C, Nogueras S, Jimenez R, Martin V, Delgado F, Ochoa-Sepúlveda JJ, Quijano B, Mata R, Santos-González M, Carmona-Sanchez G, Herrera C, Gonzalez A, Montaner J. Safety and efficacy of intra-arterial bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation in patients with acute ischaemic stroke in Spain (IBIS trial): a phase 2, randomised, open-label, standard-of-care controlled, multicentre trial. Lancet Neurol 2023; 22:137-146. [PMID: 36681446 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(22)00526-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pilot clinical trials have shown the safety of intra-arterial bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) in stroke. However, the efficacy of different doses of intra-arterial BMMNCs in patients with acute stroke has not been tested in a randomised clinical trial. We aimed to show safety and efficacy of two different doses of autologous intra-arterial BMMNC transplantation in patients with acute stroke. METHODS The IBIS trial was a multicentre phase 2, randomised, controlled, investigator-initiated, assessor-blinded, clinical trial, in four stroke centres in Spain. We included patients (aged 18-80 years) with a non-lacunar, middle cerebral artery ischaemic stroke within 1-7 days from stroke onset and with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 6-20. We randomly assigned patients (2:1:1) with a computer-generated randomisation sequence to standard of care (control group) or intra-arterial injection of autologous BMMNCs at one of two different doses (2 × 106 BMMNCs/kg or 5 × 106 BMMNCs/kg). The primary efficacy outcome was the proportion of patients with modified Rankin Scale scores of 0-2 at 180 days in the intention-to-treat population, comparing each BMMNC dose group and the pooled BMMNC group versus the control group. The primary safety endpoint was the proportion of serious adverse events. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02178657 and is completed. FINDINGS Between April 1, 2015, and May 20, 2021, we assessed 114 patients for eligibility. We randomly assigned 77 (68%) patients: 38 (49%) to the control group, 20 (26%) to the low-dose BMMNC group, and 19 (25%) the high-dose BMMNC group. The mean age of participants was 62·4 years (SD 12·7), 46 (60%) were men, 31 (40%) were women, all were White, and 63 (82%) received thrombectomy. The median NIHSS score before randomisation was 12 (IQR 9-15), with intra-arterial BMMNC injection done a median of 6 days (4-7) after stroke onset. The primary efficacy outcome occurred in 14 (39%) patients in the control group versus ten (50%) in the low-dose group (adjusted odds ratio 2·08 [95% CI 0·55-7·85]; p=0·28), eight (44%) in the high-dose group (1·89 [0·52-6·96]; p=0·33), and 18 (47%) in the pooled BMMNC group (2·22 [0·72-6·85]; p=0·16). We found no differences in the proportion of patients who had adverse events or dose-related events, but two patients had a groin haematoma after cell injection in the low-dose BMMNC group. INTERPRETATION Intra-arterial BMMNCs were safe in patients with acute ischaemic stroke, but we found no significant improvement at 180 days on the mRS. Further clinical trials are warranted to investigate whether improvements might be possible at different timepoints. FUNDING Instituto de Salud Carlos III co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund/European Social Fund, Mutua Madrileña, and the Regional Ministry of Health of Andalusia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Moniche
- Department of Neurology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain; Neurovascular Lab, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla-IBiS, Seville, Spain.
| | | | - Roberto Valverde
- Department of Neurology, Department of Radiology, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Irene Escudero-Martinez
- Department of Neurology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain; Neurovascular Lab, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla-IBiS, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - Leire Ainz
- Department of Neurology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel Medina-Rodriguez
- Department of Neurology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain; Neurovascular Lab, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla-IBiS, Seville, Spain
| | - Javier de la Torre
- Department of Neurology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - Elena Zapata-Arriaza
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Mancha
- Neurovascular Lab, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla-IBiS, Seville, Spain
| | - Miguel-Angel Gamero
- Department of Neurology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Soledad Perez
- Department of Neurology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Lucia Forero-Diaz
- Department of Neurology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Miguel Moya
- Department of Neurology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Pilar Piñero
- Department of Radiology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Sonia Nogueras
- Cell Therapy Unit, Reina Sofía University Hospital, IMIBIC, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rosario Jimenez
- Cell Therapy Unit, Reina Sofía University Hospital, IMIBIC, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Vanesa Martin
- Department of Hematology, Reina Sofía University Hospital, IMIBIC, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Cell Therapy Unit, Reina Sofía University Hospital, IMIBIC, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Fernando Delgado
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Blanca Quijano
- Coordination Unit of the Andalusian Network for the design and translation of Advanced Therapies, Seville, Spain
| | - Rosario Mata
- Coordination Unit of the Andalusian Network for the design and translation of Advanced Therapies, Seville, Spain
| | - Monica Santos-González
- Production and Reprogramming Cell Unit of Seville, Andalusian Network for the Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Seville, Spain; Centro de Transfusiones, Tejidos y Células de Sevilla (CTTS), Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Gestión de la Investigación en Salud en Sevilla (FISEVI), Seville, Spain
| | - Gloria Carmona-Sanchez
- Coordination Unit of the Andalusian Network for the design and translation of Advanced Therapies, Seville, Spain; Production and Reprogramming Cell Unit of Seville, Andalusian Network for the Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Seville, Spain
| | - Concha Herrera
- Department of Hematology, Reina Sofía University Hospital, IMIBIC, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Cell Therapy Unit, Reina Sofía University Hospital, IMIBIC, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alejandro Gonzalez
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Joan Montaner
- Neurovascular Lab, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla-IBiS, Seville, Spain; Department of Neurology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain
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27
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Sarmah H, Sawada A, Hwang Y, Miura A, Shimamura Y, Tanaka J, Yamada K, Mori M. Towards human organ generation using interspecies blastocyst complementation: Challenges and perspectives for therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1070560. [PMID: 36743411 PMCID: PMC9893295 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1070560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Millions of people suffer from end-stage refractory diseases. The ideal treatment option for terminally ill patients is organ transplantation. However, donor organs are in absolute shortage, and sadly, most patients die while waiting for a donor organ. To date, no technology has achieved long-term sustainable patient-derived organ generation. In this regard, emerging technologies of chimeric human organ production via blastocyst complementation (BC) holds great promise. To take human organ generation via BC and transplantation to the next step, we reviewed current emerging organ generation technologies and the associated efficiency of chimera formation in human cells from the standpoint of developmental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemanta Sarmah
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Anri Sawada
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Youngmin Hwang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Akihiro Miura
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yuko Shimamura
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Junichi Tanaka
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kazuhiko Yamada
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Munemasa Mori
- Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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Savitz SI, Cox CS. Cell-based therapies for neurological disorders - the bioreactor hypothesis. Nat Rev Neurol 2023; 19:9-18. [PMID: 36396913 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-022-00736-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based therapies are an emerging biopharmaceutical paradigm under investigation for the treatment of a range of neurological disorders. Accumulating evidence is demonstrating that cell-based therapies might be effective, but the mechanism of action remains unclear. In this Review, we synthesize results from over 20 years of animal studies that illustrate how transdifferentiation, cell replacement and restoration of damaged tissues in the CNS are highly unlikely mechanisms. We consider the evidence for an alternative model that we refer to as the bioreactor hypothesis, in which exogenous cells migrate to peripheral organs and modulate and reprogramme host immune cells to generate an anti-inflammatory, regenerative environment. The results of clinical trials clearly demonstrate a role for immunomodulation in the effects of cell-based therapies. Greater understanding of these mechanisms could facilitate the optimization of cell-based therapies for a variety of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean I Savitz
- Institute for Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disease, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Charles S Cox
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
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29
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Fan Y, Lv X, Chen Z, Peng Y, Zhang M. m6A methylation: Critical roles in aging and neurological diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1102147. [PMID: 36896007 PMCID: PMC9990872 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1102147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal RNA modification in eukaryotic cells, which participates in the functional regulation of various biological processes. It regulates the expression of targeted genes by affecting RNA translocation, alternative splicing, maturation, stability, and degradation. As recent evidence shows, of all organs, brain has the highest abundance of m6A methylation of RNAs, which indicates its regulating role in central nervous system (CNS) development and the remodeling of the cerebrovascular system. Recent studies have shown that altered m6A levels are crucial in the aging process and the onset and progression of age-related diseases. Considering that the incidence of cerebrovascular and degenerative neurologic diseases increase with aging, the importance of m6A in neurological manifestations cannot be ignored. In this manuscript, we focus on the role of m6A methylation in aging and neurological manifestations, hoping to provide a new direction for the molecular mechanism and novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishu Fan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyi Lv
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuohui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyi Peng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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30
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Takara K, Hayashi-Okada Y, Kidoya H. Neurovascular Interactions in the Development of the Vasculature. Life (Basel) 2022; 13:42. [PMID: 36675991 PMCID: PMC9862680 DOI: 10.3390/life13010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertebrates have developed a network of blood vessels and nerves throughout the body that enables them to perform complex higher-order functions and maintain homeostasis. The 16th-century anatomical text 'De humani corporis fabrica' describes the networks of blood vessels and nerves as having a branching pattern in which they are closely aligned and run parallel one to another. This close interaction between adjacent blood vessels and nerves is essential not only for organogenesis during development and repair at the time of tissue damage but also for homeostasis and functional expression of blood vessels and nerves. Furthermore, it is now evident that disruptions in neurovascular interactions contribute to the progression of various diseases including cancer. Therefore, we highlight recent advances in vascular biology research, with a particular emphasis on neurovascular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Takara
- Department of Integrative Vascular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
- Tenure-Track Program for Innovative Research, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Yumiko Hayashi-Okada
- Department of Integrative Vascular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Kidoya
- Department of Integrative Vascular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
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31
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Weber RZ, Mulders G, Perron P, Tackenberg C, Rust R. Molecular and anatomical roadmap of stroke pathology in immunodeficient mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1080482. [PMID: 36569903 PMCID: PMC9785704 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1080482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stroke remains a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. It has become apparent that inflammation and immune mediators have a pre-dominant role in initial tissue damage and long-term recovery. Still, different immunosuppressed mouse models are necessary in stroke research e.g., to evaluate therapies using human cell grafts. Despite mounting evidence delineating the importance of inflammation in the stroke pathology, it is poorly described to what extent immune deficiency influences overall stroke outcome. Methods Here, we assessed the stroke pathology of popular genetic immunodeficient mouse models, i.e., NOD scid gamma (NSG) and recombination activating gene 2 (Rag2-/-) mice as well as pharmacologically immunosuppressed mice and compared them to immune competent, wildtype (WT) C57BL/6J mice three weeks after injury. We performed histology, gene expression, blood serum and behavioural analysis to identify the impact of immunosuppression on stroke progression. Results We detected changes in microglia activation/macrophage infiltration, scar-forming and vascular repair in immune-suppressed mice three weeks after injury. Transcriptomic analysis of stroked tissue revealed the strongest deviation from WT was observed in NSG mice affecting immunological and angiogenic pathways. Pharmacological immunosuppression resulted in the least variation in gene expression compared with the WT. These anatomical and genetic changes did not affect functional recovery in a time course of three weeks. To determine whether timing of immunosuppression is critical, we compared mice with acute and delayed pharmacological immunosuppression after stroke. Mice with delayed immunosuppression (7d) showed increased inflammatory and scarring responses compared to animals acutely treated with tacrolimus, thus more closely resembling WT pathology. Transplantation of human cells in the brains of immunosuppressed mice led to prolonged cell survival in all immunosuppressed mouse models, which was most consistent in NSG and Rag2-/- mice. Conclusions We detected distinct anatomical and molecular changes in the stroke pathology between individual immunosuppressed mouse models that should be considered when selecting an appropriate mouse model for stroke research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Z. Weber
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Geertje Mulders
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Perron
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Christian Tackenberg
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruslan Rust
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Ruslan Rust,
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32
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Zhao T, Zhu T, Xie L, Li Y, Xie R, Xu F, Tang H, Zhu J. Neural Stem Cells Therapy for Ischemic Stroke: Progress and Challenges. Transl Stroke Res 2022; 13:665-675. [PMID: 35032307 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-00984-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, with its high morbidity and mortality, is the most common cerebrovascular accident and results in severe neurological deficits. Despite advances in medical and surgical intervention, post-stroke therapies remain scarce, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Over the past decades, stem cell transplantation has been recognized as very promising therapy for neurological diseases. Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is the optimal choice for ischemic stroke as NSCs inherently reside in the brain and can potentially differentiate into a variety of cell types within the central nervous system. Recent research has demonstrated that NSC transplantation can facilitate neural recovery after ischemic stroke, but the mechanisms still remain unclear, and basic/clinical studies of NSC transplantation for ischemic stroke have not yet been thoroughly elucidated. We thus, in this review, provide a futher understanding of the therapeutic role of NSCs for ischemic stroke, and evaluate their prospects for future application in clinical patients of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Tongming Zhu
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, No.12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Liqian Xie
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, No.12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Yao Li
- Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Rong Xie
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, No.12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, No.12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Hailiang Tang
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, No.12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
| | - Jianhong Zhu
- Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Key Laboratory for Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Regeneration, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College-Fudan University, No.12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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33
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Rust R, Weber RZ, Generali M, Kehl D, Bodenmann C, Uhr D, Wanner D, Zürcher KJ, Saito H, Hoerstrup SP, Nitsch RM, Tackenberg C. Xeno-free induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells for in vivo applications. J Transl Med 2022; 20:421. [PMID: 36114512 PMCID: PMC9482172 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03610-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there is no regenerative therapy for patients with neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. Cell-therapies have emerged as a potential treatment for numerous brain diseases. Despite recent advances in stem cell technology, major concerns have been raised regarding the feasibility and safety of cell therapies for clinical applications. METHODS We generated good manufacturing practice (GMP)-compatible neural progenitor cells (NPCs) from transgene- and xeno-free induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) that can be smoothly adapted for clinical applications. NPCs were characterized in vitro for their differentiation potential and in vivo after transplantation into wild type as well as genetically immunosuppressed mice. RESULTS Generated NPCs had a stable gene-expression over at least 15 passages and could be scaled for up to 1018 cells per initially seeded 106 cells. After withdrawal of growth factors in vitro, cells adapted a neural fate and mainly differentiated into active neurons. To ensure a pure NPC population for in vivo applications, we reduced the risk of iPSC contamination by applying micro RNA-switch technology as a safety checkpoint. Using lentiviral transduction with a fluorescent and bioluminescent dual-reporter construct, combined with non-invasive in vivo bioluminescent imaging, we longitudinally tracked the grafted cells in healthy wild-type and genetically immunosuppressed mice as well as in a mouse model of ischemic stroke. Long term in-depth characterization revealed that transplanted NPCs have the capability to survive and spontaneously differentiate into functional and mature neurons throughout a time course of a month, while no residual pluripotent cells were detectable. CONCLUSION We describe the generation of transgene- and xeno-free NPCs. This simple differentiation protocol combined with the ability of in vivo cell tracking presents a valuable tool to develop safe and effective cell therapies for various brain injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Rust
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland.
| | - Rebecca Z Weber
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Generali
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Debora Kehl
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Bodenmann
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Uhr
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Debora Wanner
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Kathrin J Zürcher
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Hirohide Saito
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Simon P Hoerstrup
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Wyss Translational Center Zurich, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger M Nitsch
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Tackenberg
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland.
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Transplantation of human neural progenitor cells secreting GDNF into the spinal cord of patients with ALS: a phase 1/2a trial. Nat Med 2022; 28:1813-1822. [PMID: 36064599 PMCID: PMC9499868 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01956-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) involves progressive motor neuron loss, leading to paralysis and death typically within 3–5 years of diagnosis. Dysfunctional astrocytes may contribute to disease and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) can be protective. Here we show that human neural progenitor cells transduced with GDNF (CNS10-NPC-GDNF) differentiated to astrocytes protected spinal motor neurons and were safe in animal models. CNS10-NPC-GDNF were transplanted unilaterally into the lumbar spinal cord of 18 ALS participants in a phase 1/2a study (NCT02943850). The primary endpoint of safety at 1 year was met, with no negative effect of the transplant on motor function in the treated leg compared with the untreated leg. Tissue analysis of 13 participants who died of disease progression showed graft survival and GDNF production. Benign neuromas near delivery sites were common incidental findings at post-mortem. This study shows that one administration of engineered neural progenitors can provide new support cells and GDNF delivery to the ALS patient spinal cord for up to 42 months post-transplantation. A phase 1/2a study shows that human neural progenitor cells modified to release the growth factor GDNF are safely transplanted into the spinal cord of patients with ALS, with cell survival and GDNF production for over 3 years.
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35
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Mueller JL, Stavely R, Hotta R, Goldstein AM. Peripheral nervous system: A promising source of neuronal progenitors for central nervous system repair. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:970350. [PMID: 35968387 PMCID: PMC9374275 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.970350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
With a steadily aging population there is an increasing prevalence of neurological disorders. Given the lack of effective treatment strategies and a limited ability for the central nervous system (CNS) to regenerate endogenously, there is a critical need to better understand exogenous strategies for nervous system repair. Stem cell therapy offers a promising approach to promote the repair of neurologic tissue and function, however studies to date have been limited by various factors including challenges in harvesting donor cells from the CNS, ethical concerns regarding use of embryonic or fetal tissue, tumorigenic potential of induced pluripotent stem cells, and immune-mediated rejection of non-autologous cell sources. Here we review and propose two alternative sources of autologous cells derived from the peripheral nervous system (PNS) for CNS repair: enteric neuronal stem cells (ENSCs) and neural crest-derived Schwann cells found in subcutaneous adipose tissue (termed SAT-NSCs). ENSCs can be successfully isolated from the postnatal enteric nervous system, propagated in vitro, and transplanted successfully into models of CNS injury via both direct intracerebral injection and systemic tail vein injection. Similarly, SAT-NSCs can be readily isolated from both human and mouse adipose tissue and, although not yet utilized in models of CNS injury, have successfully been transplanted and restored function in models of colonic aganglionosis and gastroparesis. These unique sources of PNS-derived autologous cells offer an exciting option for stem cell therapies for the CNS as they have proven neurogenic potential and eliminate concerns around tumorigenic risk, ethical considerations, and immune-mediated rejection.
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36
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Hur HJ, Lee JY, Kim DH, Cho MS, Lee S, Kim HS, Kim DW. Conditioned Medium of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Neural Precursor Cells Exerts Neurorestorative Effects against Ischemic Stroke Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7787. [PMID: 35887140 PMCID: PMC9319001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that early therapeutic events of neural precursor cells (NPCs) transplantation to animals with acute ischemic stroke readily protected neuronal cell damage and improved behavioral recovery through paracrine mechanisms. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that administration of conditioned medium from NPCs (NPC-CMs) could recapitulate the beneficial effects of cell transplantation. Rats with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: PBS control, Vehicle (medium) controls, single (NPC-CM(S)) or multiple injections of NPC-CM(NPC-CM(M)) groups. A single intravenous injection of NPC-CM exhibited strong neuroregenerative potential to induce behavioral recovery, and multiple injections enhanced this activity further by suppressing inflammatory damage and inducing endogenous neurogenesis leading to histopathological and functional recovery. Proteome analysis of NPC-CM identified a number of proteins that are known to be associated with nervous system development, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis. In addition, transcriptome analysis revealed the importance of the inflammatory response during stroke recovery and some of the key hub genes in the interaction network were validated. Thus, our findings demonstrated that NPC-CM promoted functional recovery and reduced cerebral infarct and inflammation with enhanced endogenous neurogenesis, and the results highlighted the potency of NPC-CM in stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Hur
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.-J.H.); (D.-H.K.)
- Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Ji Yong Lee
- Research Institute of Hyperbaric Medicine and Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju-si 26426, Korea;
| | - Do-Hun Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.-J.H.); (D.-H.K.)
- S. Biomedics Co., Ltd., Seoul 04979, Korea;
| | | | - Sangsik Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Korea;
| | - Han-Soo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medical Convergence, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si 25601, Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (H.-J.H.); (D.-H.K.)
- Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Ghuman H, Perry N, Grice L, Gerwig M, Moorhead J, Nitzsche F, Poplawsky AJ, Ambrosio F, Modo M. Physical therapy exerts sub-additive and suppressive effects on intracerebral neural stem cell implantation in a rat model of stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:826-843. [PMID: 34826373 PMCID: PMC9254031 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x211062955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Intracerebral cell therapy (CT) is emerging as a new therapeutic paradigm for stroke. However, the impact of physical therapy (PT) on implanted cells and their ability to promote recovery remains poorly understood. To address this translational issue, a clinical-grade neural stem cell (NSC) line was implanted into peri-infarct tissue using MRI-defined injection sites, two weeks after stroke. PT in the form of aerobic exercise (AE) was administered 5 × per week post-implantation using a paradigm commonly applied in patients with stroke. A combined AE and CT exerted sub-additive therapeutic effects on sensory neglect, whereas AE suppressed CT effects on motor integration and grip strength. Behavioral testing emerged as a potentially major component for task integration. It is expected that this study will guide and inform the incorporation of PT in the design of clinical trials evaluating intraparenchymal NSCs implantation for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmanvir Ghuman
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nikhita Perry
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lauren Grice
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Madeline Gerwig
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jeffrey Moorhead
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Franziska Nitzsche
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Fabrisia Ambrosio
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michel Modo
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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38
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Safety of sibling cord blood cell infusion for children with cerebral palsy. Cytotherapy 2022; 24:931-939. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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39
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Hamblin MH, Murad R, Yin J, Vallim G, Lee JP. Modulation of gene expression on a transcriptome-wide level following human neural stem cell transplantation in aged mouse stroke brains. Exp Neurol 2022; 347:113913. [PMID: 34752785 PMCID: PMC8647207 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation offers great potential for treating ischemic stroke. Clinically, ischemia followed by reperfusion results in robust cerebrovascular injury that upregulates proinflammatory factors, disrupts neurovascular units, and causes brain cell death. NSCs possess multiple actions that can be exploited for reducing the severity of neurovascular injury. Our previous studies in young adult mice showed that human NSC transplantation during the subacute stage diminishes stroke pathophysiology and improves behavioral outcome. METHODS We employed a well-established and commonly used stroke model, middle cerebral artery occlusion with subsequent reperfusion (MCAO/R). Here, we assessed the outcomes of hNSC transplantation 48 h post-MCAO (24 h post-transplant) in aged mouse brains in response to stroke because aging is a crucial risk factor for cerebral ischemia. Next, we tested whether administration of the integrin α5β1 inhibitor, ATN-161, prior to hNSC transplantation further affects stoke outcome as compared with NSCs alone. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to assess the impact of hNSC transplantation on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) on a transcriptome-wide level. RESULTS Here, we report that hNSC-engrafted brains with or without ATN-161 showed significantly reduced infarct size, and attenuated the induction of proinflammatory factors and matrix metalloproteases. RNA-seq analysis revealed DEGs and molecular pathways by which hNSCs induce a beneficial post-stroke outcome in aged stroke brains. 811 genes were differentially expressed (651 downregulated and 160 upregulated) in hNSC-engrafted stroke brains. Functional pathway analysis identified enriched and depleted pathways in hNSC-engrafted aged mouse stroke brains. Depletion of pathways following hNSC-engraftment included signaling involving neuroinflammation, acute phase response, leukocyte extravasation, and phagosome formation. On the other hand, enrichment of pathways in hNSC-engrafted brains was associated with PPAR signaling, LXR/RXR activation, and inhibition of matrix metalloproteases. Hierarchical cluster analysis of DEGs in hNSC-engrafted brains indicate decreased expression of genes encoding TNF receptors, proinflammatory factors, apoptosis factors, adhesion and leukocyte extravasation, and Toll-like receptors. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first to show global transcripts differentially expressed following hNSC transplantation in the subacute phase of stroke in aged mice. The outcome of our transcriptome study would be useful to develop new therapies ameliorating early-stage stroke injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton H Hamblin
- Tulane University Health Sciences Center, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Rabi Murad
- Bioinformatics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jun Yin
- Bioinformatics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gustavo Vallim
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jean-Pyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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Parambi DGT, Alharbi KS, Kumar R, Harilal S, Batiha GES, Cruz-Martins N, Magdy O, Musa A, Panda DS, Mathew B. Gene Therapy Approach with an Emphasis on Growth Factors: Theoretical and Clinical Outcomes in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:191-233. [PMID: 34655056 PMCID: PMC8518903 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02555-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of many neurological diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) is unknown and still needs more effective and specific therapeutic approaches. Gene therapy has a promising future in treating neurodegenerative disorders by correcting the genetic defects or by therapeutic protein delivery and is now an attraction for neurologists to treat brain disorders, like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal muscular atrophy, spinocerebellar ataxia, epilepsy, Huntington's disease, stroke, and spinal cord injury. Gene therapy allows the transgene induction, with a unique expression in cells' substrate. This article mainly focuses on the delivering modes of genetic materials in the CNS, which includes viral and non-viral vectors and their application in gene therapy. Despite the many clinical trials conducted so far, data have shown disappointing outcomes. The efforts done to improve outcomes, efficacy, and safety in the identification of targets in various neurological disorders are also discussed here. Adapting gene therapy as a new therapeutic approach for treating neurological disorders seems to be promising, with early detection and delivery of therapy before the neuron is lost, helping a lot the development of new therapeutic options to translate to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Della Grace Thomas Parambi
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jouf University, Al Jouf-2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Saad Alharbi
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jouf University, Al Jouf-2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala 680596 India
| | - Seetha Harilal
- Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala 680596 India
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Al Beheira Egypt
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Omnia Magdy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf-2014 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Arafa Musa
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11371 Egypt
| | - Dibya Sundar Panda
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Al Jouf, Sakaka, 72341 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bijo Mathew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi, 682 041 India
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41
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Satani N, Parsha K, Savitz SI. Enhancing Stroke Recovery With Cellular Therapies. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-69424-7.00062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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42
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Hong J, Dragas R, Khazaei M, Ahuja CS, Fehlings MG. Hepatocyte Growth Factor-Preconditioned Neural Progenitor Cells Attenuate Astrocyte Reactivity and Promote Neurite Outgrowth. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:741681. [PMID: 34955750 PMCID: PMC8695970 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.741681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The astroglial scar is a defining hallmark of secondary pathology following central nervous system (CNS) injury that, despite its role in limiting tissue damage, presents a significant barrier to neuroregeneration. Neural progenitor cell (NPC) therapies for tissue repair and regeneration have demonstrated favorable outcomes, the effects of which are ascribed not only to direct cell replacement but trophic support. Cytokines and growth factors secreted by NPCs aid in modifying the inhibitory and cytotoxic post-injury microenvironment. In an effort to harness and enhance the reparative potential of NPC secretome, we utilized the multifunctional and pro-regenerative cytokine, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), as a cellular preconditioning agent. We first demonstrated the capacity of HGF to promote NPC survival in the presence of oxidative stress. We then assessed the capacity of this modified conditioned media (CM) to attenuate astrocyte reactivity and promote neurite outgrowth in vitro. HGF pre-conditioned NPCs demonstrated significantly increased levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 and reduced vascular endothelial growth factor compared to untreated NPCs. In reactive astrocytes, HGF-enhanced NPC-CM effectively reduced glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan deposition to a greater extent than either treatment alone, and enhanced neurite outgrowth of co-cultured neurons. in vivo, this combinatorial treatment strategy might enable tactical modification of the post-injury inhibitory astroglial environment to one that is more conducive to regeneration and functional recovery. These findings have important translational implications for the optimization of current cell-based therapies for CNS injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Hong
- Department of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel Dragas
- Department of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammad Khazaei
- Department of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher S Ahuja
- Department of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael G Fehlings
- Department of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Spinal Program, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Ma L, Du Y, Hui Y, Li N, Fan B, Zhang X, Li X, Hong W, Wu Z, Zhang S, Zhou S, Xu X, Zhou Z, Jiang C, Liu L, Zhang X. Developmental programming and lineage branching of early human telencephalon. EMBO J 2021; 40:e107277. [PMID: 34558085 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020107277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The dorsal and ventral human telencephalons contain different neuronal subtypes, including glutamatergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic neurons, and how these neurons are generated during early development is not well understood. Using scRNA-seq and stringent validations, we reveal here a developmental roadmap for human telencephalic neurons. Both dorsal and ventral telencephalic radial glial cells (RGs) differentiate into neurons via dividing intermediate progenitor cells (IPCs_div) and early postmitotic neuroblasts (eNBs). The transcription factor ASCL1 plays a key role in promoting fate transition from RGs to IPCs_div in both regions. RGs from the regionalized neuroectoderm show heterogeneity, with restricted glutamatergic, GABAergic, and cholinergic differentiation potencies. During neurogenesis, IPCs_div gradually exit the cell cycle and branch into sister eNBs to generate distinct neuronal subtypes. Our findings highlight a general RGs-IPCs_div-eNBs developmental scheme for human telencephalic progenitors and support that the major neuronal fates of human telencephalon are predetermined during dorsoventral regionalization with neuronal diversity being further shaped during neurogenesis and neural circuit integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ma
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhua Du
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Hui
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Li
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Beibei Fan
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaocui Li
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Hong
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiping Wu
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuwei Zhang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangjie Xu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongshu Zhou
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Cizhong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Shanghai Universities, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Brain and Spinal Cord Innovative Research Center, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Tsingtao Advanced Research Institute, Tongji University, Qingdao, China
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44
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Zhao L, Liu JW, Shi HY, Ma YM. Neural stem cell therapy for brain disease. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1278-1292. [PMID: 34630862 PMCID: PMC8474718 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i9.1278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain diseases, including brain tumors, neurodegenerative disorders, cerebrovascular diseases, and traumatic brain injuries, are among the major disorders influencing human health, currently with no effective therapy. Due to the low regeneration capacity of neurons, insufficient secretion of neurotrophic factors, and the aggravation of ischemia and hypoxia after nerve injury, irreversible loss of functional neurons and nerve tissue damage occurs. This damage is difficult to repair and regenerate the central nervous system after injury. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are pluripotent stem cells that only exist in the central nervous system. They have good self-renewal potential and ability to differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes and improve the cellular microenvironment. NSC transplantation approaches have been made for various neurodegenerative disorders based on their regenerative potential. This review summarizes and discusses the characteristics of NSCs, and the advantages and effects of NSCs in the treatment of brain diseases and limitations of NSC transplantation that need to be addressed for the treatment of brain diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhao
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Jian-Wei Liu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hui-Yan Shi
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Ya-Min Ma
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300381, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China
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45
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The Need for New Biomarkers to Assist with Stroke Prevention and Prediction of Post-Stroke Therapy Based on Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091226. [PMID: 34572411 PMCID: PMC8466486 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of having a stroke event doubles each decade after the age of 55. Therefore, it is of great interest to develop neurorestorative therapies of stroke which occurs mostly in elderly people. However, to date, patients at risk for these sequels of stroke are not duly diagnosed and treated due to the lack of reliable biomarkers. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-delimited particles that are shed by the brain cells and are able to cross the blood–brain barrier and enter the blood stream; thus, they may be used to interrogate molecular and cellular events in the brain damaged area. In this review, we summarize the major molecular and cellular responses of astroglia and neurons to cerebral ischemia and assess their impact on post-stroke recovery and rehabilitation. In particular, we ask if EVs secreted by brain cells are responses to cerebral ischemia, and they may shed new light on the interplay between exosomes-mediated interactions between brain cells and the question of how to exploit it in order to predict the individual course of the disease and to introduce specific preventive or therapeutic strategies. Given these findings, we are left with two options: either to (i) transplant neuronal precursors into the damaged cortical area or (ii) to covert abundantly present proliferating astrocytes in the perilesional area into neurons by using recently developed genetic technologies. However, given the complexity of molecular and cellular responses to cerebral ischemia and our limited capabilities to restore brain structure and function, we are left with only one realistic aim: to invest more in prevention.
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46
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Genet N, Hirschi KK. Understanding neural stem cell regulation in vivo and applying the insights to cell therapy for strokes. Regen Med 2021; 16:861-870. [PMID: 34498495 PMCID: PMC8656322 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2021-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of neural stem cell (NSC) therapy for the treatment of stroke patients is successfully paving its way into advanced phases of large-scale clinical trials. To understand how to optimize NSC therapeutic approaches, it is fundamental to decipher the crosstalk between NSC and other cells that comprise the NSC microenvironment (niche) and regulate their function, in vivo; namely, the endothelial cells of the microvasculature. In this mini review, we first provide a concise summary of preclinical findings describing the signaling mechanisms between NSC and vascular endothelial cells and vice versa. Second, we describe the progress made in the development of NSC therapy for the treatment of strokes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiisha Genet
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Karen K Hirschi
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.,Department of Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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47
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Kunadia A, Aughtman S, Hoffmann M, Rossi F. Superlative Artistic Abilities in a Patient With Post-traumatic Brain Injury. Cureus 2021; 13:e16697. [PMID: 34462704 PMCID: PMC8389864 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This case describes a patient who exhibits newfound superlative abilities in painting, music, philosophy, culinary, and performing arts after a traumatic brain injury (TBI) involving the frontal and temporal lobes. Such a dramatic change in de novo artistic behavior after brain injury is rare but has been reported in other patients with frontotemporal dementia, as well as other neurological diseases. Previous studies have shown that mild frontal cortical dysfunction likely plays a role in facilitating creative endeavors and that artistic circuitry is distributed throughout the brain. The neuronal reorganization which occurs after injuries enhances synapse formation and neural plasticity, which may contribute to the acceleration of artistic output after brain injury. This is likely an underdiagnosed phenomenon and a deeper understanding is required to allow clinicians to more effectively recognize and nurture newfound creativity in the setting of brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Kunadia
- Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA
| | - Shelby Aughtman
- Internal Medicine, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA
| | - Michael Hoffmann
- Internal Medicine and Neurology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA
| | - Fabian Rossi
- Clinical Neurophysiology Laboratory, Orlando Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Orlando, USA
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48
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Glover JC, Aswendt M, Boulland JL, Lojk J, Stamenković S, Andjus P, Fiori F, Hoehn M, Mitrecic D, Pavlin M, Cavalli S, Frati C, Quaini F. In vivo Cell Tracking Using Non-invasive Imaging of Iron Oxide-Based Particles with Particular Relevance for Stem Cell-Based Treatments of Neurological and Cardiac Disease. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 22:1469-1488. [PMID: 31802361 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-019-01440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapeutics is a rapidly developing field associated with a number of clinical challenges. One such challenge lies in the implementation of methods to track stem cells and stem cell-derived cells in experimental animal models and in the living patient. Here, we provide an overview of cell tracking in the context of cardiac and neurological disease, focusing on the use of iron oxide-based particles (IOPs) visualized in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We discuss the types of IOPs available for such tracking, their advantages and limitations, approaches for labeling cells with IOPs, biological interactions and effects of IOPs at the molecular and cellular levels, and MRI-based and associated approaches for in vivo and histological visualization. We conclude with reviews of the literature on IOP-based cell tracking in cardiac and neurological disease, covering both preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel C Glover
- Laboratory for Neural Development and Optical Recording (NDEVOR), Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PB 1105, Blindern, Oslo, Norway. .,Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Markus Aswendt
- Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Leo-Brandt-Str. 5, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Boulland
- Laboratory for Neural Development and Optical Recording (NDEVOR), Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, PB 1105, Blindern, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jasna Lojk
- Group for Nano and Biotechnological Applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Trzaska cesta 25, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stefan Stamenković
- Center for Laser Microscopy, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, PB 52, 10001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Pavle Andjus
- Center for Laser Microscopy, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, PB 52, 10001 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Fabrizio Fiori
- Department of Applied Physics, Università Politecnica delle Marche - Di.S.C.O., Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mathias Hoehn
- Institut für Neurowissenschaften und Medizin, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Leo-Brandt-Str. 5, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Dinko Mitrecic
- Laboratory for Stem Cells, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mojca Pavlin
- Group for Nano and Biotechnological Applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Trzaska cesta 25, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stefano Cavalli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Caterina Frati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Federico Quaini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Hamblin MH, Lee JP. Neural Stem Cells for Early Ischemic Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147703. [PMID: 34299322 PMCID: PMC8306669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical treatments for ischemic stroke are limited. Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation can be a promising therapy. Clinically, ischemia and subsequent reperfusion lead to extensive neurovascular injury that involves inflammation, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, and brain cell death. NSCs exhibit multiple potentially therapeutic actions against neurovascular injury. Currently, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only FDA-approved clot-dissolving agent. While tPA’s thrombolytic role within the vasculature is beneficial, tPA’s non-thrombolytic deleterious effects aggravates neurovascular injury, restricting the treatment time window (time-sensitive) and tPA eligibility. Thus, new strategies are needed to mitigate tPA’s detrimental effects and quickly mediate vascular repair after stroke. Up to date, clinical trials focus on the impact of stem cell therapy on neuro-restoration by delivering cells during the chronic stroke stage. Also, NSCs secrete factors that stimulate endogenous repair mechanisms for early-stage ischemic stroke. This review will present an integrated view of the preclinical perspectives of NSC transplantation as a promising treatment for neurovascular injury, with an emphasis on early-stage ischemic stroke. Further, this will highlight the impact of early sub-acute NSC delivery on improving short-term and long-term stroke outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton H. Hamblin
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Correspondence: (M.H.H.); (J.-P.L.)
| | - Jean-Pyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Correspondence: (M.H.H.); (J.-P.L.)
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Chen Y, Song F, Tu M, Wu S, He X, Liu H, Xu C, Zhang K, Zhu Y, Zhou R, Jin C, Wang P, Zhang H, Tian M. Quantitative proteomics revealed extensive microenvironmental changes after stem cell transplantation in ischemic stroke. Front Med 2021; 16:429-441. [PMID: 34241786 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The local microenvironment is essential to stem cell-based therapy for ischemic stroke, and spatiotemporal changes of the microenvironment in the pathological process provide vital clues for understanding the therapeutic mechanisms. However, relevant studies on microenvironmental changes were mainly confined in the acute phase of stroke, and long-term changes remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the microenvironmental changes in the subacute and chronic phases of ischemic stroke after stem cell transplantation. Herein, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs) were transplanted into the ischemic brain established by middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery. Positron emission tomography imaging and neurological tests were applied to evaluate the metabolic and neurofunctional alterations of rats transplanted with stem cells. Quantitative proteomics was employed to investigate the protein expression profiles in iPSCs-transplanted brain in the subacute and chronic phases of stroke. Compared with NSCs-transplanted rats, significantly increased glucose metabolism and neurofunctional scores were observed in iPSCs-transplanted rats. Subsequent proteomic data of iPSCs-transplanted rats identified a total of 39 differentially expressed proteins in the subacute and chronic phases, which are involved in various ischemic stroke-related biological processes, including neuronal survival, axonal remodeling, antioxidative stress, and mitochondrial function restoration. Taken together, our study indicated that iPSCs have a positive therapeutic effect in ischemic stroke and emphasized the wide-ranging microenvironmental changes in the subacute and chronic phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Fahuan Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Mengjiao Tu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Department of PET Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Caiyun Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yuankai Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Chentao Jin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.,College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China. .,Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. .,College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Mei Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Medical PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
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