1
|
Zhu Y, Wang H, Xiang X, Hayat K, Wu R, Tian J, Zheng H, Xie M, Li B, Du S. A dose-dependent effect of UV-328 on photosynthesis: Exploring light harvesting and UV-B sensing mechanisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134670. [PMID: 38781858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Benzotriazole ultraviolet (UV) stabilizers (BUVs) have emerged as significant environmental contaminants, frequently detected in various ecosystems. While the toxicity of BUVs to aquatic organisms is well-documented, studies on their impact on plant life are scarce. Plants are crucial as they provide the primary source of energy and organic matter in ecosystems through photosynthesis. This study investigated the effects of UV-328 (2-(2-hydroxy-4',6'-di-tert-amylphenyl) benzotriazole) on plant growth indices and photosynthesis processes, employing conventional physiological experiments, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis, and computational methods. Results demonstrated a biphasic response in plant biomass and the maximum quantum yield of PS II (Fv/Fm), showing improvement at a 50 μM UV-328 treatment but reduction under 150 μM UV-328 exposure. Additionally, disruption in thylakoid morphology was observed at the higher concentration. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analysis identified key differentially expressed genes (light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein complex Ⅰ subunit A4, light-harvesting chlorophyll b-binding protein 3, UVR8, and curvature thylakoid 1 A) related to photosynthetic light harvesting, UV-B sensing, and chloroplast structure pathways, suggesting they may contribute to the observed alterations in photosynthesis activity induced by UV-328 exposure. Molecular docking analyses further supported the binding affinity between these proteins and UV-328. Overall, this study provided comprehensive physiological and molecular insights, contributing valuable information to the evaluation of the potential risks posed by UV-328 to critical plant physiological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Hua Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xiaobo Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Kashif Hayat
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Ran Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Jiaying Tian
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Haoyi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Minghui Xie
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Beier Li
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Shaoting Du
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou X, Yu W, Gong F, Xu H, Lyu J, Zhou X. Golden 2-like Transcription Factors Regulate Photosynthesis under UV-B Stress by Regulating the Calvin Cycle. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1856. [PMID: 38999696 PMCID: PMC11243960 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
UV-B stress can affect plant growth at different levels, and although there is a multitude of evidence confirming the effects of UV-B radiation on plant photosynthesis, there are fewer studies using physiological assays in combination with multi-omics to investigate photosynthesis in alpine plants under stressful environments. Golden 2-like (G2-like/GLK) transcription factors (TFs) are highly conserved during evolution and may be associated with abiotic stress. In this paper, we used Handy-PEA and Imaging-PAM Maxi to detect chlorophyll fluorescence in leaves of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall. (R. chrysanthum) after UV-B stress, and we also investigated the effect of abscisic acid (ABA) on photosynthesis in plants under stress environments. We used a combination of proteomics, widely targeted metabolomics, and transcriptomics to study the changes of photosynthesis-related substances after UV-B stress. The results showed that UV-B stress was able to impair the donor side of photosystem II (PSII), inhibit electron transfer and weaken photosynthesis, and abscisic acid was able to alleviate the damage caused by UV-B stress to the photosynthetic apparatus. Significant changes in G2-like transcription factors occurred in R. chrysanthum after UV-B stress, and differentially expressed genes localized in the Calvin cycle were strongly correlated with members of the G2-like TF family. Multi-omics assays and physiological measurements together revealed that G2-like TFs can influence photosynthesis in R. chrysanthum under UV-B stress by regulating the Calvin cycle. This paper provides insights into the study of photosynthesis in plants under stress, and is conducive to the adoption of measures to improve photosynthesis in plants under stress to increase yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangru Zhou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Wang Yu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Fushuai Gong
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Jie Lyu
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teachers’ College, Baotou 014030, China
| | - Xiaofu Zhou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cunningham N, Crestani G, Csepregi K, Coughlan NE, Jansen MAK. Exploring the complexities of plant UV responses; distinct effects of UV-A and UV-B wavelengths on Arabidopsis rosette morphology. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:1251-1264. [PMID: 38736023 PMCID: PMC11224116 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00591-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
UV-B radiation can substantially impact plant growth. To study UV-B effects, broadband UV-B tubes are commonly used. Apart from UV-B, such tubes also emit UV-A wavelengths. This study aimed to distinguish effects of different UV-B intensities on Arabidopsis thaliana wildtype and UVR8 mutant rosette morphology, from those by accompanying UV-A. UV-A promotes leaf-blade expansion along the proximal-distal, but not the medio-lateral, axis. Consequent increases in blade length: width ratio are associated with increased light capture. However, petiole length is not affected by UV-A exposure. This scenario is distinct from the shade avoidance driven by low red to far-red ratios, whereby leaf blade elongation is impeded but petiole elongation is promoted. Thus, the UV-A mediated elongation response is phenotypically distinct from classical shade avoidance. UV-B exerts inhibitory effects on petiole length, blade length and leaf area, and these effects are mediated by UVR8. Thus, UV-B antagonises aspects of both UV-A mediated elongation and classical shade avoidance. Indeed, this study shows that accompanying UV-A wavelengths can mask effects of UV-B. This may lead to potential underestimates of the magnitude of the UV-B induced morphological response using broadband UV-B tubes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Cunningham
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, North Mall, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gaia Crestani
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, North Mall, Cork, Ireland
| | - Kristóf Csepregi
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 6, 7624, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Neil E Coughlan
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, North Mall, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marcel A K Jansen
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, North Mall, Cork, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Crestani G, Večeřová K, Cunningham N, Badmus UO, Urban O, Jansen MAK. Comprehensive Modulation of Secondary Metabolites in Terpenoid-Accumulating Mentha spicata L. via UV Radiation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1746. [PMID: 38999586 PMCID: PMC11243551 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
In plants, secondary metabolites change in response to environmental conditions. These changes co-regulate resilience to stressful environmental conditions, plant growth and development, and interactions between plants and the wider ecosystem, while also affecting soil carbon storage and atmospheric and climatic conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the association between UV exposure and the contents of key metabolites, including amino acids, phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, carotenoids, tocopherols, and phytosterols. Mentha spicata plantlets were grown in tissue culture boxes for 30 days and then exposed to a low dose of broadband UV-B (291-315 nm; 2.8 kJm-2 biologically effective UV) enriched light for eight days. Metabolite contents were quantified either immediately after the final UV exposure, or after seven days of recovery under photosynthetically active radiation. It was found that UV promoted the production of flavonoids (1.8-fold) ahead of phenolic acids (unchanged). Furthermore, the majority of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, constituents of valuable mint essential oil, were significantly increased through UV treatment (up to 90-fold for α-linalool). In contrast, the contents of carotenoids and tocopherols did not increase following UV exposure. A comparison between plants sampled immediately after UV exposure and after seven days of recovery showed that there was an overall increase in the content of carotenoids, mono- and sesquiterpenes, phenolics, and amino acids following recovery, while the contents of sterols and tocopherols decreased. These UV-induced changes in metabolite profile may have important consequences for agriculture, ecology, and even the global climate, and they also provide an exciting opportunity to enhance crop value, facilitating the development of improved products with higher levels of essential oils and added benefits of enhanced flavour, colour, and bioactive content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Crestani
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, North Mall Campus, T23 TK30 Cork, Ireland
| | - Kristýna Večeřová
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Natalie Cunningham
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, North Mall Campus, T23 TK30 Cork, Ireland
| | - Uthman O. Badmus
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, North Mall Campus, T23 TK30 Cork, Ireland
| | - Otmar Urban
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel A. K. Jansen
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, North Mall Campus, T23 TK30 Cork, Ireland
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li P, Xiang Q, Wang Y, Dong X. UV-B Radiation Enhances Epimedium brevicornu Maxim. Quality by Improving the Leaf Structure and Increasing the Icaritin Content. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1720. [PMID: 38999560 PMCID: PMC11244399 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Epimedium brevicornu Maxim. is a herbal plant with various therapeutic effects, and its aboveground tissues contain flavonol compounds such as icaritin that can be used to produce new drugs for the treatment of advanced liver cancer. Previous studies have shown that ultraviolet-B (UV-B, 280-315 nm) stress can increase the levels of flavonoid substances in plants. In the current study, we observed the microstructure of E. brevicornu leaves after 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 d of UV-B radiation (60 μw·cm-2) and quality formation mechanism of E. brevicornu leaves after 0, 10, and 20 d of UV-B radiation by LC‒ESI‒MS/MS. The contents of flavonols such as icariside I, wushanicaritin, icaritin, and kumatakenin were significantly upregulated after 10 d of radiation. The results indicated that UV-B radiation for 10 d inhibited the morphological development of E. brevicornu but increased the content of active medicinal components, providing a positive strategy for epimedium quality improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengshu Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Sanya Institute of College of China Agricultural University, Sanya 610101, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiuyan Xiang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xuehui Dong
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Neugart S, Steininger V, Fernandes C, Martínez-Abaigar J, Núñez-Olivera E, Schreiner M, Strid Å, Viczián A, Albert A, Badenes-Pérez FR, Castagna A, Dáder B, Fereres A, Gaberscik A, Gulyás Á, Gwynn-Jones D, Nagy F, Jones A, Julkunen-Tiitto R, Konstantinova N, Lakkala K, Llorens L, Martínez-Lüscher J, Nybakken L, Olsen J, Pascual I, Ranieri A, Regier N, Robson M, Rosenqvist E, Santin M, Turunen M, Vandenbussche F, Verdaguer D, Winkler B, Witzel K, Grifoni D, Zipoli G, Hideg É, Jansen MAK, Hauser MT. A synchronized, large-scale field experiment using Arabidopsis thaliana reveals the significance of the UV-B photoreceptor UVR8 under natural conditions. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 38881245 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
This study determines the functional role of the plant ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) photoreceptor, UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8) under natural conditions using a large-scale 'synchronized-genetic-perturbation-field-experiment'. Laboratory experiments have demonstrated a role for UVR8 in UV-B responses but do not reflect the complexity of outdoor conditions where 'genotype × environment' interactions can mask laboratory-observed responses. Arabidopsis thaliana knockout mutant, uvr8-7, and the corresponding Wassilewskija wild type, were sown outdoors on the same date at 21 locations across Europe, ranging from 39°N to 67°N latitude. Growth and climatic data were monitored until bolting. At the onset of bolting, rosette size, dry weight, and phenolics and glucosinolates were quantified. The uvr8-7 mutant developed a larger rosette and contained less kaempferol glycosides, quercetin glycosides and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives than the wild type across all locations, demonstrating a role for UVR8 under field conditions. UV effects on rosette size and kaempferol glycoside content were UVR8 dependent, but independent of latitude. In contrast, differences between wild type and uvr8-7 in total quercetin glycosides, and the quercetin-to-kaempferol ratio decreased with increasing latitude, that is, a more variable UV response. Thus, the large-scale synchronized approach applied demonstrates a location-dependent functional role of UVR8 under natural conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Neugart
- Division Quality and Sensory of Plant Products, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Viktoria Steininger
- Department of Applied Genetics & Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources & Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Catarina Fernandes
- Department of Applied Genetics & Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources & Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Monika Schreiner
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Åke Strid
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - András Viczián
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andreas Albert
- Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Antonella Castagna
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatriz Dáder
- Department of Agricultural Production, ETSIAAB, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Fereres
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Spanish Council for Scientific Research, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alenka Gaberscik
- Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ágnes Gulyás
- Department of Climatology and Landscape Ecology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dylan Gwynn-Jones
- Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Ferenc Nagy
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Alan Jones
- Earthwatch Europe, Oxford, UK
- Scion, New Zealand Forest Research Institute, Rotorua, New Zealand
| | | | - Nataliia Konstantinova
- Department of Applied Genetics & Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources & Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kaisa Lakkala
- Finnish Meteorological Institute - Space and Earth Observation Centre, Sodankylä, Finland
| | - Laura Llorens
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Johann Martínez-Lüscher
- Plant Stress Physiology group (Associated Unit to EEAD, CSIC), BIOMA Institute for Biodiversity and the Environment, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Line Nybakken
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Jorunn Olsen
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Inmaculada Pascual
- Plant Stress Physiology group (Associated Unit to EEAD, CSIC), BIOMA Institute for Biodiversity and the Environment, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Annamaria Ranieri
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicole Regier
- Earth and Environment Sciences, Forel Institute, Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Matthew Robson
- Organismal & Evolutionary Biology (OEB), Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Faculty of Biological & Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National School of Forestry, University of Cumbria, Ambleside, UK
| | - Eva Rosenqvist
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Crop Science, University of Copenhagen, Tåstrup, Denmark
| | - Marco Santin
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Minna Turunen
- Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | | | - Dolors Verdaguer
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Barbro Winkler
- Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katja Witzel
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Daniele Grifoni
- National Research Council, Institute of Bioeconomy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Laboratory of Monitoring and Environmental Modelling for the Sustainable Development (LaMMA Consortium), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gaetano Zipoli
- National Research Council Institute for Biometeorology, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Éva Hideg
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Marcel A K Jansen
- Environmental Research Institute, School of Biological, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marie-Theres Hauser
- Department of Applied Genetics & Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources & Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Banerjee S, Agarwal P, Choudhury SR, Roy S. MYB4, a member of R2R3-subfamily of MYB transcription factor functions as a repressor of key genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and repair of UV-B induced DNA double strand breaks in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108698. [PMID: 38714132 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Plants accumulate flavonoids as part of UV-B acclimation, while a high level of UV-B irradiation induces DNA damage and leads to genome instability. Here, we show that MYB4, a member of the R2R3-subfamily of MYB transcription factor plays important role in regulating plant response to UV-B exposure through the direct repression of the key genes involved in flavonoids biosynthesis and repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Our results demonstrate that MYB4 inhibits seed germination and seedling establishment in Arabidopsis following UV-B exposure. Phenotype analyses of atmyb4-1 single mutant line along with uvr8-6/atmyb4-1, cop1-6/atmyb4-1, and hy5-215/atmyb4-1 double mutants indicate that MYB4 functions downstream of UVR8 mediated signaling pathway and negatively affects UV-B acclimation and cotyledon expansion. Our results indicate that MYB4 acts as transcriptional repressor of two key flavonoid biosynthesis genes, including 4CL and FLS, via directly binding to their promoter, thus reducing flavonoid accumulation. On the other hand, AtMYB4 overexpression leads to higher accumulation level of DSBs along with repressed expression of several key DSB repair genes, including AtATM, AtKU70, AtLIG4, AtXRCC4, AtBRCA1, AtSOG1, AtRAD51, and AtRAD54, respectively. Our results further suggest that MYB4 protein represses the expression of two crucial DSB repair genes, AtKU70 and AtXRCC4 through direct binding with their promoters. Together, our results indicate that MYB4 functions as an important coordinator to regulate plant response to UV-B through transcriptional regulation of key genes involved in flavonoids biosynthesis and repair of UV-B induced DNA damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Banerjee
- Department of Botany, UGC Center for Advanced Studies, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag Campus, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Puja Agarwal
- Constituent College in Purnea University, Purnia, 854301, Bihar, India
| | - Swarup Roy Choudhury
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517507, India
| | - Sujit Roy
- Department of Botany, UGC Center for Advanced Studies, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag Campus, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ač A, Jansen MAK, Grace J, Urban O. Unravelling the neglected role of ultraviolet radiation on stomata: A meta-analysis with implications for modelling ecosystem-climate interactions. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1769-1781. [PMID: 38314642 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Stomata play a pivotal role in regulating gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere controlling water and carbon cycles. Accordingly, we investigated the impact of ultraviolet-B radiation, a neglected environmental factor varying with ongoing global change, on stomatal morphology and function by a Comprehensive Meta-Analysis. The overall UV effect at the leaf level is to decrease stomatal conductance, stomatal aperture and stomatal size, although stomatal density was increased. The significant decline in stomatal conductance is marked (6% in trees and >10% in grasses and herbs) in short-term experiments, with more modest decreases noted in long-term UV studies. Short-term experiments in growth chambers are not representative of long-term field UV effects on stomatal conductance. Important consequences of altered stomatal function are hypothesized. In the short term, UV-mediated stomatal closure may reduce carbon uptake but also water loss through transpiration, thereby alleviating deleterious effects of drought. However, in the long term, complex changes in stomatal aperture, size, and density may reduce the carbon sequestration capacity of plants and increase vegetation and land surface temperatures, potentially exacerbating negative effects of drought and/or heatwaves. Therefore, the expected future strength of carbon sink capacity in high-UV regions is likely overestimated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ač
- Global Change Research of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel A K Jansen
- Global Change Research of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute, UCC, Cork, Ireland
| | - John Grace
- Global Change Research of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Otmar Urban
- Global Change Research of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Su-Zhou C, Durand M, Aphalo PJ, Martinez-Abaigar J, Shapiguzov A, Ishihara H, Liu X, Robson TM. Weaker photosynthetic acclimation to fluctuating than to corresponding steady UVB radiation treatments in grapevines. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14383. [PMID: 38859677 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The effects of transient increases in UVB radiation on plants are not well known; whether cumulative damage dominates or, alternately, an increase in photoprotection and recovery periods ameliorates any negative effects. We investigated photosynthetic capacity and metabolite accumulation of grapevines (Vitis vinifera Cabernet Sauvignon) in response to UVB fluctuations under four treatments: fluctuating UVB (FUV) and steady UVB radiation (SUV) at similar total biologically effective UVB dose (2.12 and 2.23 kJ m-2 day-1), and their two respective no UVB controls. We found a greater decrease in stomatal conductance under SUV than FUV. There was no decrease in maximum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) or its operational efficiency (ɸPSII) under the two UVB treatments, and Fv/Fm was higher under SUV than FUV. Photosynthetic capacity was enhanced under FUV in the light-limited region of rapid light-response curves but enhanced by SUV in the light-saturated region. Flavonol content was similarly increased by both UVB treatments. We conclude that, while both FUV and SUV effectively stimulate acclimation to UVB radiation at realistic doses, FUV confers weaker acclimation than SUV. This implies that recovery periods between transient increases in UVB radiation reduce UVB acclimation, compared to an equivalent dose of UVB provided continuously. Thus, caution is needed in interpreting the findings of experiments using steady UVB radiation treatments to infer effects in natural environments, as the stimulatory effect of steady UVB is greater than that of the equivalent fluctuating UVB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenxing Su-Zhou
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology (OEB), Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Maxime Durand
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology (OEB), Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pedro J Aphalo
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology (OEB), Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Alexey Shapiguzov
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology (OEB), Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Production Systems, Finland
| | - Hirofumi Ishihara
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology (OEB), Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Xu Liu
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - T Matthew Robson
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology (OEB), Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- National School of Forestry, University of Cumbria, Ambleside, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang L, Wang X, Zu Y, He Y, Li Z, Li Y. Effects of UV-B Radiation Exposure on Transgenerational Plasticity in Grain Morphology and Proanthocyanidin Content in Yuanyang Red Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4766. [PMID: 38731985 PMCID: PMC11084601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The effect of UV-B radiation exposure on transgenerational plasticity, the phenomenon whereby the parental environment influences both the parent's and the offspring's phenotype, is poorly understood. To investigate the impact of exposing successive generations of rice plants to UV-B radiation on seed morphology and proanthocyanidin content, the local traditional rice variety 'Baijiaolaojing' was planted on terraces in Yuanyang county and subjected to enhanced UV-B radiation treatments. The radiation intensity that caused the maximum phenotypic plasticity (7.5 kJ·m-2) was selected for further study, and the rice crops were cultivated for four successive generations. The results show that in the same generation, enhanced UV-B radiation resulted in significant decreases in grain length, grain width, spike weight, and thousand-grain weight, as well as significant increases in empty grain percentage and proanthocyanidin content, compared with crops grown under natural light conditions. Proanthocyanidin content increased as the number of generations of rice exposed to radiation increased, but in generation G3, it decreased, along with the empty grain ratio. At the same time, biomass, tiller number, and thousand-grain weight increased, and rice growth returned to control levels. When the offspring's radiation memory and growth environment did not match, rice growth was negatively affected, and seed proanthocyanidin content was increased to maintain seed activity. The correlation analysis results show that phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL), cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), and 4-coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL) enzyme activity positively influenced proanthocyanidin content. Overall, UV-B radiation affected transgenerational plasticity in seed morphology and proanthocyanidin content, showing that rice was able to adapt to this stressor if previous generations had been continuously exposed to treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xiupin Wang
- College of Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yanqun Zu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yongmei He
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zuran Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yuan Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shoaib N, Pan K, Mughal N, Raza A, Liu L, Zhang J, Wu X, Sun X, Zhang L, Pan Z. Potential of UV-B radiation in drought stress resilience: A multidimensional approach to plant adaptation and future implications. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:387-407. [PMID: 38058262 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The escalating impact of climate change and ultraviolet (UV) radiation is subjecting plants to unique combinations of UV-B and drought stress. These combined stressors could have additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effects, but the precise nature of these impacts remains uncertain, hampering our ability to predict plant adaptations approach towards stressors. Our analysis of various studies shows that UV-B or drought conditions detrimentally influence plant growth and health metrics by the enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species causing damage to lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and DNA. Further reducing biomass accumulation, plant height, photosynthetic efficiency, leaf area, and water transpiration, while enhancing stress-related symptoms. In response to UV-B radiation and drought stress, plants exhibit a notable up-regulation of specific acclimation-associated metabolites, including proline, flavonoids, anthocyanins, unsaturated fatty acids, and antioxidants. These metabolites play a pivotal role in conferring protection against environmental stresses. Their biosynthesis and functional roles are potentially modulated by signalling molecules such as hydrogen peroxide, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and ethylene, all of which have associated genetic markers that further elucidate their involvement in stress response pathways. In comparison to single stress, the combination of UV-B and drought induces the plant defence responses and growth retardation which are less-than-additive. This sub-additive response, consistent across different study environments, suggests the possibility of a cross-resistance mechanism. Our outlines imply that the adverse effects of increased drought and UV-B could potentially be mitigated by cross-talk between UV-B and drought regimes utilizing a multidimensional approach. This crucial insight could contribute significantly to refining our understanding of stress tolerance in the face of ongoing global climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noman Shoaib
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiwen Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Nishbah Mughal
- Engineering Research Centre for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ali Raza
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liling Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaogang Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhifen Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
He Y, Li H, Wu J, Li X, Zu Y, Zhan F, Li Y. Enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation alleviates structural damages on rice leaf caused by Magnaporthe oryzae infection. PROTOPLASMA 2024; 261:161-171. [PMID: 37428235 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01867-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation can change the interaction between crops and pathogens. The effects of single and compound stresses of enhanced UV-B radiation (5.0 kJ·m-2) and Magnaporthe oryzae on the morphology, anatomy, and ultrastructure of rice leaves were investigated. M. oryzae infection decreased the leaf area and thickness, reduced the stomatal area and density, and caused damages to the leaf ultrastructure, such as cytoplasm-cell wall separation, atrophy and sinking of fan-shaped bulliform cells, and chloroplast deformation. The enhanced UV-B radiation supplied before or during M. oryzae infection remarkably decreased the mycelia number of M. oryzae in leaf epidermis, increased the leaf area, leaf thickness, stomatal density, and mastoid number; and alleviated the ultrastructural damages induced by M. oryzae to keep an integral chloroplast. While the UV-B radiation was supplied after M. oryzae infection, its alleviation effects on the damages induced by M. oryzae infection on the morphology and structure of rice leaf were attenuated. Thus, the alleviation of enhanced UV-B radiation on damages induced by M. oryzae infection on rice leaves was related to its application period. The enhanced UV-B radiation supplied before or during M. oryzae infection allowed the rice leaf to resist M. oryzae infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei He
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Hongru Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiong Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanqun Zu
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Fangdong Zhan
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Celayir T, Yeni O, Yeşildirek YV, Arıkan B, Kara NT. Molecular Effects of Silicon on Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings under UV-B Stress. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:1393-1399. [PMID: 36719080 DOI: 10.1111/php.13788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Silicon-plant interaction studies have shown that silicon reduces the harmful effects of stress in plants. Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation, one of the abiotic stress affecting plants, poses a severe problem due to global warming. In this context, it is crucial to examine silicon's effects on UV-B radiation stress at the molecular level. The experiments were carried out on 17 days old Arabidopsis seedlings that were treated with 800 μWatt cm-2 doses of UV-B for 60 min and harvested on the 28th day. 1 mM orthosilicic acid was applied to the in vitro plant tissue culture for experimental groups. According to the results of the osmolyte accumulation analyses, silicon has been shown to play a role in the osmotic stress response. Gene expression levels of DGK2, CHS, FLC, RAD51, and UVR8 were measured via qPCR, and it has been shown that silicon interacts with these genes under UV-B radiation stress. The result of genomic DNA methylation analysis demonstrated that silicon might affect DNA methylation levels by increasing the 5-mC percentage compared with the control group. This study focused on the molecular effects of silicon application. It supports silicon-plant interaction research by demonstrating that silicon might affect UV-B response at the molecular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuğçe Celayir
- Institute of Science, Program of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oğuzhan Yeni
- Institute of Science, Program of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yağmur Vecide Yeşildirek
- Institute of Science, Program of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burcu Arıkan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Turgut Kara
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Thakur K, Kumari C, Zadokar A, Sharma P, Sharma R. Physiological and omics-based insights for underpinning the molecular regulation of secondary metabolite production in medicinal plants: UV stress resilience. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 204:108060. [PMID: 37897892 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite complex phytoconstituents, the commercial potential of medicinal plants under ultraviolet (UV) stress environment hasn't been fully comprehended. Due to sessile nature, these plants are constantly exposed to damaging radiation, which disturbs their natural physiological and biochemical processes. To combat with UV stress, plants synthesized several small organic molecules (natural products of low molecular mass like alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids and phenolics, etc.) known as plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) that come into play to counteract the adverse effect of stress. Plants adapted a stress response by organizing the expression of several genes, enzymes, transcription factors, and proteins involved in the synthesis of chemical substances and by making the signaling cascade (a series of chemical reactions induced by a stimulus within a biological cell) flexible to boost the defensive response. To neutralize UV exposure, secondary metabolites and their signaling network regulate cellular processes at the molecular level. Conventional breeding methods are time-consuming and difficult to reveal the molecular pattern of the stress tolerance medicinal plants. Acquiring in-depth knowledge of the molecular drivers behind the defensive mechanism of medicinal plants against UV radiation would yield advantages (economical and biological) that will bring prosperity to the burgeoning world's population. Thus, this review article emphasized the comprehensive information and clues to identify several potential genes, transcription factors (TFs), proteins, biosynthetic pathways, and biological networks which are involved in resilience mechanism under UV stress in medicinal plants of high-altitudes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Thakur
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173 230, India
| | - Chanchal Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173 230, India
| | - Ashwini Zadokar
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173 230, India
| | - Parul Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173 230, India
| | - Rajnish Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173 230, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sáenz-de la O D, Morales LO, Strid Å, Feregrino-Perez AA, Torres-Pacheco I, Guevara-González RG. Antioxidant and drought-acclimation responses in UV-B-exposed transgenic Nicotiana tabacum displaying constitutive overproduction of H 2O 2. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:2373-2387. [PMID: 37486529 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00457-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important molecule that regulates antioxidant responses that are crucial for plant stress resistance. Exposure to low levels of ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B, 280-315 nm) can also activate antioxidant defenses and acclimation responses. However, how H2O2 and UV-B interact to promote stress acclimation remains poorly understood. In this work, a transgenic model of Nicotiana tabacum cv Xanthi nc, with elevated Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) activity, was used to study the interaction between the constitutive overproduction of H2O2 and a 14-day UV-B treatment (1.75 kJ m-2 d-1 biologically effective UV-B). Subsequently, these plants were subjected to a 7-day moderate drought treatment to evaluate the impact on drought resistance of H2O2- and UV-dependent stimulation of the plants' antioxidant system. The UV-B treatment enhanced H2O2 levels and altered the antioxidant status by increasing the epidermal flavonol index, Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity, and catalase, peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase activities in the leaves. UV-B also retarded growth and suppressed acclimation responses in highly H2O2-overproducing transgenic plants. Plants not exposed to UV-B had a higher drought resistance in the form of higher relative water content of leaves. Our data associate the interaction between Mn-SOD transgene overexpression and the UV-B treatment with a stress response. Finally, we propose a hormetic biphasic drought resistance response curve as a function of leaf H2O2 content in N. tabacum cv Xanthi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sáenz-de la O
- School of Engineering, National Technological Institute of Mexico-Campus Roque, Guanajuato, México
| | - Luis O Morales
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Åke Strid
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
| | - A Angélica Feregrino-Perez
- Basic and Applied Bioengineering Group, School of Engineering, Autonomous University of Querétaro-Campus Amazcala, Querétaro, México
| | - Irineo Torres-Pacheco
- Center for Applied Research in Biosystems (CARB-CIAB), School of Engineering, Autonomous University of Querétaro-Campus Amazcala, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Ramón G Guevara-González
- Center for Applied Research in Biosystems (CARB-CIAB), School of Engineering, Autonomous University of Querétaro-Campus Amazcala, Querétaro, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Banerjee G, Singh D, Pandey C, Jonwal S, Basu U, Parida SK, Pandey A, Sinha AK. Rice Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase regulates serotonin accumulation and interacts with cell cycle regulators under prolonged UV-B exposure. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108078. [PMID: 37832368 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Stress conditions such as UV-B exposure activates MAPKs in Arabidopsis and rice. UV-B radiation is hazardous to plant as it causes photosystem disruption, DNA damage and ROS generation. Here we report its effect on biological pathways by studying the global changes in transcript profile in rice seedling exposed to UV-B radiation for 1 h and 16 h. Short UV-B exposure (1 h) led to moderate changes, while a drastic change in transcript landscape was observed after long term UV-B exposure (16 h) in rice seedlings. Prolonged UV-B exposure negatively impacts the expression of cell cycle regulating genes and several other metabolic pathways in developing seedlings. MAP kinase signaling cascade gets activated upon UV-B exposure similar to reports in Arabidopsis indicating conservation of its function in both dicot and monocot. Expression analysis in inducible overexpression transgenic lines of MPK3 and MPK6 shows higher transcript abundance of phytoalexin biosynthesis gene like Oryzalexin D synthase and Momilactone A synthase, along with serotonin biosynthesis genes. An accumulation of serotonin was observed upon UV-B exposure and its abundance positively correlates with the MPK3 and MPK6 transcript level in the respective over-expression lines. Interestingly, multiple cell cycle inhibitor proteins including WEE1 and SMR1 interact with MPK3 and MPK6 thus, implying a major role of this pathway in cell cycle regulation under stress condition. Overall overexpression of MPK3 and MPK6 found to be detrimental for rice as overexpression lines shows higher cell death and compromised tolerance to UV-B.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Banerjee
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Dhanraj Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Chandana Pandey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sarvesh Jonwal
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Udita Basu
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Swarup K Parida
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ashutosh Pandey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Alok Krishna Sinha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Crestani G, Cunningham N, Csepregi K, Badmus UO, Jansen MAK. From stressor to protector, UV-induced abiotic stress resistance. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:2189-2204. [PMID: 37270745 PMCID: PMC10499975 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00441-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants are continuously exposed to combinations of abiotic and biotic stressors. While much is known about responses to individual stressors, understanding of plant responses to combinations of stressors is limited. The effects of combined exposure to drought and UV radiation are particularly relevant in the context of climate change. In this study it was explored whether UV-exposure can be used as a tool to prime stress-resistance in plants grown under highly protected culture conditions. It was hypothesised that priming mint plantlets (Mentha spicata L.) with a low-dose of UV irradiance can alleviate the drought effect caused by a change in humidity upon transplanting. Plants were grown for 30 days on agar in sealed tissue culture containers. During this period, plants were exposed to ~ 0.22 W m-2 UV-B for 8 days, using either UV-blocking or UV- transmitting filters. Plants were then transplanted to soil and monitored for a further 7 days. It was found that non-UV exposed mint plants developed necrotic spots on leaves, following transfer to soil, but this was not the case for plants primed with UV. Results showed that UV induced stress resistance is associated with an increase in antioxidant capacity, as well as a decrease in leaf area. UV-induced stress resistance can be beneficial in a horticultural setting, where priming plants with UV-B can be used as a tool in the production of commercial crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Crestani
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science and Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, North Mall Campus, Cork, T23 TK30, Ireland.
| | - Natalie Cunningham
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science and Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, North Mall Campus, Cork, T23 TK30, Ireland
| | - Kristóf Csepregi
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 6, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Uthman O Badmus
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science and Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, North Mall Campus, Cork, T23 TK30, Ireland
| | - Marcel A K Jansen
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science and Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, North Mall Campus, Cork, T23 TK30, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Qian M, Kalbina I, Rosenqvist E, Jansen MAK, Strid Å. Supplementary UV-A and UV-B radiation differentially regulate morphology in Ocimum basilicum. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:2219-2230. [PMID: 37310640 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00443-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UV-A- or UV-B-enriched growth light was given to basil plants at non-stress-inducing intensities. UV-A-enriched growth light gave rise to a sharp rise in the expression of PAL and CHS genes in leaves, an effect that rapidly declined after 1-2 days of exposure. On the other hand, leaves of plants grown in UV-B-enriched light had a more stable and long-lasting increase in the expression of these genes and also showed a stronger increase in leaf epidermal flavonol content. UV supplementation of growth light also led to shorter more compact plants with a stronger UV effect the younger the tissue. The effect was more prominent in plants grown under UV-B-enriched light than in those grown under UV-A. Parameters particularly affected were internode lengths, petiole lengths and stem stiffness. In fact, the bending angle of the 2nd internode was found to increase as much as 67% and 162% for plants grown in the UV-A- and UV-B-enriched treatments, respectively. The decreased stem stiffness was probably caused by both an observed smaller internode diameter and a lower specific stem weight, as well as a possible decline in lignin biosynthesis due to competition for precursors by the increased flavonoid biosynthesis. Overall, at the intensities used, UV-B wavelengths are stronger regulators of morphology, gene expression and flavonoid biosynthesis than UV-A wavelengths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Qian
- Örebro Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 70182, Örebro, Sweden
- School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Irina Kalbina
- Örebro Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 70182, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Eva Rosenqvist
- Section of Crop Sciences, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Hoejbakkegaard Allé 9, 2630, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Marcel A K Jansen
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, North Mall, Cork, T23 TK30, Ireland
| | - Åke Strid
- Örebro Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 70182, Örebro, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu S, Gu X, Jiang Y, Wang L, Xiao N, Chen Y, Jin B, Wang L, Li W. UV-B promotes flavonoid biosynthesis in Ginkgo biloba by inducing the GbHY5- GbMYB1- GbFLS module. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad118. [PMID: 37547729 PMCID: PMC10402656 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo) leaves have medicinal value due to their high levels of secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids. We found that the flavonoid content in ginkgo leaves increases significantly at high altitudes (Qinghai-Tibet Plateau). Considering that high UV-B radiation is among the key environmental characteristics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, we carried out simulated UV-B treatments on ginkgo seedlings and found that the flavonoid content of the leaves increased significantly following the treatments. Combined with results from our previous studies, we determined that the transcription factor GbHY5 may play a key role in responses to UV-B radiation. Overexpression of GbHY5 significantly promoted the accumulation of flavonoids in both ginkgo callus and Arabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid and real-time quantitative PCR showed that GbHY5 promoted the expression of GbMYB1 by interacting with GbMYB1 protein. Overexpression of GbMYB1 in ginkgo callus and A. thaliana also significantly promoted flavonoid biosynthesis. GbFLS encodes a key enzyme in flavonoid biosynthesis, and its promoter has binding elements of GbHY5 and GbMYB1. A dual-luciferase reporter assay indicated that while GbHY5 and GbMYB1 activated the expression of GbFLS individually, their co-expression achieved greater activation. Our analyses reveal the molecular mechanisms by which the UV-B-induced GbHY5-GbMYB1-GbFLS module promotes flavonoid biosynthesis in ginkgo, and they provide insight into the use of UV-B radiation to enhance the flavonoid content of ginkgo leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sian Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaoyin Gu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yanbing Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Nan Xiao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yadi Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Biao Jin
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wei Y, Wang S, Yu D. The Role of Light Quality in Regulating Early Seedling Development. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2746. [PMID: 37514360 PMCID: PMC10383958 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
It is well-established that plants are sessile and photoautotrophic organisms that rely on light throughout their entire life cycle. Light quality (spectral composition) is especially important as it provides energy for photosynthesis and influences signaling pathways that regulate plant development in the complex process of photomorphogenesis. During previous years, significant progress has been made in light quality's physiological and biochemical effects on crops. However, understanding how light quality modulates plant growth and development remains a complex challenge. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of light quality in regulating the early development of plants, encompassing processes such as seed germination, seedling de-etiolation, and seedling establishment. These insights can be harnessed to improve production planning and crop quality by producing high-quality seedlings in plant factories and improving the theoretical framework for modern agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunmin Wei
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shuwei Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Dashi Yu
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Barnes PW, Robson TM, Zepp RG, Bornman JF, Jansen MAK, Ossola R, Wang QW, Robinson SA, Foereid B, Klekociuk AR, Martinez-Abaigar J, Hou WC, Mackenzie R, Paul ND. Interactive effects of changes in UV radiation and climate on terrestrial ecosystems, biogeochemical cycles, and feedbacks to the climate system. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:1049-1091. [PMID: 36723799 PMCID: PMC9889965 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00376-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Terrestrial organisms and ecosystems are being exposed to new and rapidly changing combinations of solar UV radiation and other environmental factors because of ongoing changes in stratospheric ozone and climate. In this Quadrennial Assessment, we examine the interactive effects of changes in stratospheric ozone, UV radiation and climate on terrestrial ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles in the context of the Montreal Protocol. We specifically assess effects on terrestrial organisms, agriculture and food supply, biodiversity, ecosystem services and feedbacks to the climate system. Emphasis is placed on the role of extreme climate events in altering the exposure to UV radiation of organisms and ecosystems and the potential effects on biodiversity. We also address the responses of plants to increased temporal variability in solar UV radiation, the interactive effects of UV radiation and other climate change factors (e.g. drought, temperature) on crops, and the role of UV radiation in driving the breakdown of organic matter from dead plant material (i.e. litter) and biocides (pesticides and herbicides). Our assessment indicates that UV radiation and climate interact in various ways to affect the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems, and that by protecting the ozone layer, the Montreal Protocol continues to play a vital role in maintaining healthy, diverse ecosystems on land that sustain life on Earth. Furthermore, the Montreal Protocol and its Kigali Amendment are mitigating some of the negative environmental consequences of climate change by limiting the emissions of greenhouse gases and protecting the carbon sequestration potential of vegetation and the terrestrial carbon pool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P W Barnes
- Biological Sciences and Environment Program, Loyola University New Orleans, New Orleans, USA.
| | - T M Robson
- Organismal & Evolutionary Biology (OEB), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Sciences Centre (ViPS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- National School of Forestry, University of Cumbria, Ambleside, UK.
| | - R G Zepp
- ORD/CEMM, US Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA, USA
| | - J F Bornman
- Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | | | - R Ossola
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, USA
| | - Q-W Wang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenyang, China
| | - S A Robinson
- Global Challenges Program & School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - B Foereid
- Environment and Natural Resources, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
| | - A R Klekociuk
- Antarctic Climate Program, Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, Australia
| | - J Martinez-Abaigar
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of La Rioja, Logroño (La Rioja), Spain
| | - W-C Hou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - R Mackenzie
- Cape Horn International Center (CHIC), Puerto Williams, Chile
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Santiago, Chile
| | - N D Paul
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Santin M, Simoni S, Vangelisti A, Giordani T, Cavallini A, Mannucci A, Ranieri A, Castagna A. Transcriptomic Analysis on the Peel of UV-B-Exposed Peach Fruit Reveals an Upregulation of Phenolic- and UVR8-Related Pathways. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091818. [PMID: 37176875 PMCID: PMC10180693 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
UV-B treatment deeply influences plant physiology and biochemistry, especially by activating the expression of responsive genes involved in UV-B acclimation through a UV-B-specific perception mechanism. Although the UV-B-related molecular responses have been widely studied in Arabidopsis, relatively few research reports deepen the knowledge on the influence of post-harvest UV-B treatment on fruit. In this work, a transcriptomic approach is adopted to investigate the transcriptional modifications occurring in the peel of UV-B-treated peach (Prunus persica L., cv Fairtime) fruit after harvest. Our analysis reveals a higher gene regulation after 1 h from the irradiation (88% of the differentially expressed genes-DEGs), compared to 3 h recovery. The overexpression of genes encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chalcone syntase (CHS), chalcone isomerase (CHI), and flavonol synthase (FLS) revealed a strong activation of the phenylpropanoid pathway, resulting in the later increase in the concentration of specific flavonoid classes, e.g., anthocyanins, flavones, dihydroflavonols, and flavanones, 36 h after the treatment. Upregulation of UVR8-related genes (HY5, COP1, and RUP) suggests that UV-B-triggered activation of the UVR8 pathway occurs also in post-harvest peach fruit. In addition, a regulation of genes involved in the cell-wall dismantling process (PME) is observed. In conclusion, post-harvest UV-B exposure deeply affects the transcriptome of the peach peel, promoting the activation of genes implicated in the biosynthesis of phenolics, likely via UVR8. Thus, our results might pave the way to a possible use of post-harvest UV-B treatments to enhance the content of health-promoting compounds in peach fruits and extending the knowledge of the UVR8 gene network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Santin
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Samuel Simoni
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Vangelisti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Giordani
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood ''Nutraceuticals and Food for Health'', University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavallini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood ''Nutraceuticals and Food for Health'', University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessia Mannucci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Annamaria Ranieri
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood ''Nutraceuticals and Food for Health'', University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Castagna
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood ''Nutraceuticals and Food for Health'', University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liaqat W, Altaf MT, Barutçular C, Nawaz H, Ullah I, Basit A, Mohamed HI. Ultraviolet-B radiation in relation to agriculture in the context of climate change: a review. CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023:1-24. [PMID: 37361481 PMCID: PMC10099031 DOI: 10.1007/s42976-023-00375-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the amount of ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) reaching the earth's surface has been altered due to climate change and stratospheric ozone dynamics. This narrow but highly biologically active spectrum of light (280-320 nm) can affect plant growth and development. Depletion of ozone and climate change are interlinked in a very complicated manner, i.e., significantly contributing to each other. The interaction of climate change, ozone depletion, and changes in UV-B radiation negatively affects the growth, development, and yield of plants. Furthermore, this interaction will become more complex in the coming years. The ozone layer reduction is paving a path for UV-B radiation to impact the surface of the earth and interfere with the plant's normal life by negatively affecting the plant's morphology and physiology. The nature and degree of the future response of the agricultural ecosystem to the decreasing or increasing UV-B radiation in the background of climate change and ozone dynamics are still unclear. In this regard, this review aims to elucidate the effects of enhanced UV-B radiation reaching the earth's surface due to the depletion of the ozone layer on plants' physiology and the performance of major cereals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Liaqat
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Tanveer Altaf
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Department of Plant Protection, Sivas University of Science and Technology, 58140 Sivas, Turkey
| | - Celaleddin Barutçular
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Hira Nawaz
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Izhar Ullah
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 South Korea
| | - Heba I. Mohamed
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11341 Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Understanding the Seasonal Effect of Metabolite Production in Terminalia catappa L. Leaves through a Concatenated MS- and NMR-Based Metabolomics Approach. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030349. [PMID: 36984789 PMCID: PMC10053923 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Terminalia catappa L. (Combretaceae) is a medicinal plant that is part of the Brazilian biodiversity; this plant is popularly used for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. To better understand the chemical composition of T. catappa in different seasons, we conducted a thorough study using LC-MS and NMR data analysis techniques. The study helped obtain a chemical profile of the plant ethanolic extracts in different seasons of the year (spring, summer, autumn, and winter). The dereplication of LC-HRMS data allowed the annotation of 90 compounds in the extracts of T. catappa (hydrolyzable tannins, ellagic acid derivatives, and glycosylated flavonoids). Triterpenes and C-glycosyl flavones were the compounds that significantly contributed to differences observed between T. catappa plant samples harvested in autumn/winter and spring, respectively. The variations observed in the compound composition of the plant leaves may be related to processes induced by environmental stress and leaf development. Data fusion applied in the metabolomic profiling study allowed us to identify metabolites with greater confidence, and provided a better understanding regarding the production of specialized metabolites in T. catappa leaves under different environmental conditions, which may be useful to establish appropriate quality criteria for the standardization of this medicinal plant.
Collapse
|
25
|
Czégény G, Rácz A. Phenolic peroxidases: Dull generalists or purposeful specialists in stress responses? JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 280:153884. [PMID: 36543063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on class III peroxidases (POD) (EC 1.11.1.7) as regulators of cellular H2O2 levels in leaves under oxidative stress. The effective regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations in plant tissues is crucial for plant survival, and has been extensively reviewed. However, the majority of studies regard POD as a generalist without substrate specificity. This is partly due to the fact that laboratory protocols assessing POD levels use substrates, which are not contained in plants. Here, we show that both base- and stress-inducible POD activity depends on the choice of substrate. Moreover, the application of diverse substrates, particularly those contained in plants, unmasks POD isoenzymes that are distinguished by substrate preferences. This functional heterogeneity of POD responses is worth studying, especially in parallel with stress-induced changes in the phenolic profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gyula Czégény
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, H-7633, Ifjúság útja 6, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Arnold Rácz
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, H-7633, Ifjúság útja 6, Pécs, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zeni V, Grassi A, Santin M, Ricciardi R, Pieracci Y, Flamini G, Di Giovanni F, Marmugi M, Agnolucci M, Avio L, Turrini A, Giovannetti M, Castiglione MR, Ranieri A, Canale A, Lucchi A, Agathokleous E, Benelli G. Leaf UV-B Irradiation and Mycorrhizal Symbionts Affect Lettuce VOC Emissions and Defence Mechanisms, but Not Aphid Feeding Preferences. INSECTS 2022; 14:insects14010020. [PMID: 36661948 PMCID: PMC9866836 DOI: 10.3390/insects14010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) play important roles in plant-insect interactions by altering plant physiology and histology. We hypothesized that UV-B-induced oxidative stress was mitigated by AMF symbiosis. In this study, we conducted a multifactorial experiment to explore lettuce plant response to AMF inoculation and UV-B exposure (0.4 W m-2; 16 h d-1; 2 weeks), either together or individually, as well as the interaction with the polyphagous insect pest Myzus persicae (Sulzer). Lettuce plants subjected to UV-B radiation showed an increase in callose and oxidative stress indicators, as well as a decrease in stomatal density. Mycorrhizal colonization cancelled out the effect of UV-B on stomatal density, while the symbiosis was not affected by UV-B treatment. The plant volatile emission was significantly altered by UV-B treatment. Specifically, the non-terpene 1-undecene abundance (+M/+UVB: 48.0 ± 7.78%; -M/+UVB: 56.6 ± 14.90%) was increased, whereas the content of the non-terpene aldehydes decanal (+M/+UVB: 8.50 ± 3.90%; -M/+UVB: 8.0 ± 4.87%) and undecanal (+M/+UVB: 2.1 ± 0.65%; -M/+UVB: 1.20 ± 1.18%) and the sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (+M/+UVB: 18.0 ± 9.62 %; -M/+UVB: 19.2 ± 5.90%) was decreased. Mycorrhization, on the other hand, had no significant effect on the plant volatilome, regardless of UV-B treatment. Aphid population was unaffected by any of the treatments, implying a neutral plant response. Overall, this study provides new insights about the interactions among plants, UV-B, and AMF, outlining their limited impact on a polyphagous insect pest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Zeni
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Arianna Grassi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Santin
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Renato Ricciardi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ylenia Pieracci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Flamini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood—Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Di Giovanni
- Department of Life Science, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Margherita Marmugi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Monica Agnolucci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood—Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luciano Avio
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood—Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Turrini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood—Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Manuela Giovannetti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood—Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Monica Ruffini Castiglione
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood—Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via L. Ghini 13, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Annamaria Ranieri
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood—Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Angelo Canale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood—Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Lucchi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood—Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Department of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST), Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-221-6141
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
UVB-Pretreatment-Enhanced Cadmium Absorption and Enrichment in Poplar Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010052. [PMID: 36613496 PMCID: PMC9820001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon of cross adaptation refers to the ability of plants to improve their resistance to other stress after experiencing one type of stress. However, there are limited reports on how ultraviolet radiation B (UVB) pretreatment affects the enrichment, transport, and tolerance of cadmium (Cd) in plants. Since an appropriate UVB pretreatment has been reported to change plant tolerance to stress, we hypothesized that this application could alter plant uptake and tolerance to heavy metals. In this study, a woody plant species, 84K poplar (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa), was pretreated with UVB and then subjected to Cd treatment. The RT-qPCR results indicated that the UVB-treated plants could affect the expression of Cd uptake, transport, and detoxification-related genes in plants, and that the UVB-Pretreatment induced the ability of Cd absorption in plants, which significantly enriched Cd accumulation in several plant organs, especially in the leaves and roots. The above results showed that the UVB-Pretreatment further increased the toxicity of Cd to plants in UVB-Cd group, which was shown as increased leaf malonaldehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, as well as downregulated activities of antioxidant enzymes such as Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), and Ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Therefore, poplar plants in the UVB-Cd group presented a decreased photosynthesis and leaf chlorosis. In summary, the UVB treatment improved the Cd accumulation ability of poplar plants, which could provide some guidance for the potential application of forest trees in the phytoremediation of heavy metals in the future.
Collapse
|
28
|
Veselá B, Holub P, Urban O, Surá K, Hodaňová P, Oravec M, Divinová R, Jansen MAK, Klem K. UV radiation and drought interact differently in grass and forb species of a mountain grassland. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 325:111488. [PMID: 36206962 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Among abiotic stressors, drought and enhanced ultraviolet radiation (UV) received a lot of attention, because of their potential to impair plant growth. Since drought and UV induce partially similar protective mechanisms, we tested the hypothesis that UV ameliorates the effect of reduced water availability (WA) in selected grass (Holcus mollis and Agrostis capillaris) and forb species (Hypericum maculatum and Rumex acetosa). During 2011-2014, an outdoor manipulation experiment was conducted on a mountain grassland ecosystem (Beskydy Mts; Czech Republic). Lamellar shelters were used to pass (WAamb) or exclude (WA-) incident precipitation in order to simulate reduced water availability (WA). In addition, the lamellas were made from acrylics either transmitting (UVamb) or blocking (UV-) incident UV. Generally, both UV exposure and reduced WA enhanced epidermal UV-screening, while exposure to both factors resulted in less than additive interactions. Although UV radiation increased epidermal UV-screening rather in the grass (up to 29 % in A. capillaris) than forb (up to 12 % in H. maculatum) species and rather in well-watered than reduced WA plants, such acclimation response did not result in significant alleviation of reduced WA effects on gas exchange and morphological parameters. The study contributes to a better understanding of plant responses to complex environmental conditions and will help for successful modelling forecasts of future climate change impacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Veselá
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Holub
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Otmar Urban
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Surá
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic; Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Hodaňová
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Oravec
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Divinová
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel A K Jansen
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute, UCC, Cork, Ireland
| | - Karel Klem
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Bělidla 4a, Brno CZ-603 00, Czech Republic; Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, Brno CZ-613 00, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Effects and Mechanism of Enhanced UV-B Radiation on the Flag Leaf Angle of Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112776. [PMID: 36361567 PMCID: PMC9654109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf angle is an influential agricultural trait that influences rice (Oryza sativa L.) plant type and yield, which results from the leaf bending from the vertical axis to the abaxial axis. UV-B radiation affects plant morphology, but the effects of varying UV-B intensities on rice flag leaves and the underlying molecular, cellular, and physiological mechanisms remain unknown. This experiment aims to examine the effect of natural light and field-enhanced UV-B radiation (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 kJ·m−2) on the leaf angle of the traditional rice variety Baijiaolaojing on Yuanyang terraces. In comparison with natural light, the content of brassinolide and gibberellin in rice flag leaves increased by 29.94% and 60.1%, respectively. The auxin content decreased by 17.3%. Compared with the natural light treatment, the cellulose content in the pulvini was reduced by 13.8% and hemicellulose content by 25.7% under 7.5 kJ·m−2 radiation intensity. The thick-walled cell area and vascular bundle area of the leaf pulvini decreased with increasing radiation intensity, and the growth of mechanical tissue in the rice leaf pulvini was inhibited. The flag leaf angle of rice was greatest at 7.5 kJ·m−2 radiation intensity, with an increase of 50.2%. There are two pathways by which the angle of rice flag leaves is controlled under high-intensity UV-B radiation. The leaf angle regulation genes OsBUL1, OsGSR1, and OsARF19 control hormone levels, whereas the ILA1 gene controls fiber levels. Therefore, as cellulose, hemicellulose, sclerenchyma, and vascular bundles weaken the mechanical support of the pulvini, the angle of the flag leaf increases.
Collapse
|
30
|
Jaiswal D, Agrawal M, Agrawal SB. Dose differentiation in elevated UV-B manifests variable response of carbon-nitrogen content with changes in secondary metabolites of Curcuma caesia Roxb. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:72871-72885. [PMID: 35616842 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20936-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite acting as environmental stress, UV-B also plays a regulatory role in the plant's growth and secondary metabolism. UV-B-induced changes show variations between and among the species. The present study mainly focuses on variations in carbon and nitrogen contents and their relation with the phytochemical constituents of Curcuma caesia exposed to two different doses of UV-B (ambient ± elevated UV-B for 1 h (2.4 kJ m-2 day-1) and 2 h (4.8 kJ m-2 day-1)) under natural field conditions. Results showed that increasing the dose of eUV-B leads to high tuber biomass and reduced rhizome biomass (the medicinally important part). Increased expression of compounds at the initial rhizome formation stage might be due to the increased carbon content, whereas no such trend was found at the final growth or rhizome maturation stage. After final harvesting, carbon content was reduced, with an increase of nitrogen content which might be responsible for enhanced production of major components of essential oil (D-camphor and 1,8-cineole) in 2 h of UV-B exposure followed by 1 h. The phytochemical analysis at the final stage showed induction of compounds (15 and 10 in 1 h and 2 h, respectively) after UV-B exposure which was not detected in controls. The present study suggests that the change in carbon-nitrogen played an important role in the fraction of compounds at different stages, and a lower dose of UV-B (1 h) favoured the increased production of essential oil; however, 2 h dose is important for the enhanced production of major active compounds of essential oil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepanshi Jaiswal
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Madhoolika Agrawal
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Shashi Bhushan Agrawal
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Alchemilla monticola Opiz. Functional Traits Respond to Diverse Alpine Environmental Conditions in Karavanke, Slovenia. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11192527. [PMID: 36235393 PMCID: PMC9571203 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alpine plants are exposed to demanding environmental conditions, such as high ultraviolet (UV) and photosynthetic radiation, extreme temperatures, drought, and nutrient deficiencies. Alpine plants adapt and acclimate to harsh conditions, developing several strategies, including biochemical, physiological, and optical responses. However, alpine plants’ survival strategies are hardly researched due to time-consuming and complex experimental conditions, which are supported by scarce studies. Our study focused on the functional traits of the alpine plant Alchemilla monticola Opiz (hairy lady’s mantle) growing at two different altitudes (1500, 2000 m a.s.l.) and two different UV exposures per altitude. Near-ambient (UV) and reduced (UV-) UV radiations were provided by using two sorts of UV absorbing filters; temperatures were monitored hourly. The experimental plots were located at Tegoška Gora, Karavanke, Slovenia. Functional traits: physiological, biochemical, and optical characteristics were recorded three times during the growing season. A. monticola showed high maximum photochemical efficiency at both altitudes throughout the season, which confirms good adaptation and acclimatization of the plant. Furthermore, significantly higher maximum photochemical efficiency at the subalpine altitude coincided with significantly higher UV absorbing compounds (UV AC) contents at the subalpine compared to the montane altitude in August. A. monticola manifested high UV AC contents throughout the season, with significantly increased synthesis of UV AC contents in the subalpine conditions in August and September. The stomatal conductance rate increased with altitude and was correlated mostly to a lower temperature. A. monticola leaves did not transmit any UV spectrum, which corresponded to high total UV AC contents. The leaf transmittance of the photosynthetic spectrum increased at the subalpine altitude, while the transmittance of the green and yellow spectra increased under the reduced UV radiation in the autumn. A. monticola’s high photosynthetic spectrum transmittance at the subalpine altitude in the autumn might therefore be due to subalpine harsh environmental conditions, as well as plant ontogenetical phase.
Collapse
|
32
|
Holub P, Klem K, Veselá B, Surá K, Urban O. Interactive effects of
UV
radiation and water deficit on production characteristics in upland grassland and their estimation by proximity sensing. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9330. [PMID: 36188527 PMCID: PMC9502068 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Petr Holub
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Brno Czech Republic
| | - Karel Klem
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Brno Czech Republic
- Mendel University in Brno Brno Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Veselá
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Brno Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Surá
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Brno Czech Republic
- Mendel University in Brno Brno Czech Republic
| | - Otmar Urban
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Brno Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Guo Y, Quan J, Wang X, Zhang Z, Liu X, Zhang R, Yue M. Predictability of parental ultraviolet-B environment shapes the growth strategies of clonal Glechoma longituba. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:949752. [PMID: 35991455 PMCID: PMC9386186 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.949752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Although there is an increasing debate about ecological consequences of environmental predictability for plant phenotype and fitness, the effect of predictability of parental environments on the offspring is still indefinite. To clarify the role of environmental predictability in maternal effects and the growth strategy of clonal offspring, a greenhouse experiment was conducted with Glechoma longituba. The parental ramets were arranged in three ultraviolet-B (UV-B) conditions, representing two predictable environments (regular and enhanced UV-B) and an unpredictable environment (random UV-B), respectively. The offspring environments were the same as their parent or not (without UV-B). At the end of experiment, the growth parameters of offspring were analyzed. The results showed that maternal effects and offspring growth were regulated by environmental predictability. Offspring of unpredictable environmental parents invested more resources in improving defense components rather than in rapid growth. Although offspring of predictable parents combined two processes of defense and growth, there were still some differences in the strategies between the two offspring, and the offspring of regular parent increased the biomass allocation to roots (0.069 g of control vs. 0.092 g of regular), but that of enhanced parent changed the resource allocation of nitrogen in roots and phosphorus in blade. Moreover, when UV-B environments of parent and offspring were matched, it seemed that maternal effects were not adaptive, while the growth inhibition in the predictable environment was weaker than that in unpredictable environment. In the predictable environment, the recovered R/S and the increased defense substances (flavonoid and anthocyanin) contributed to improving offspring fitness. In addition, when UV-B environments of parent and offspring were mismatched, offspring growth was restored or improved to some extent. The offspring performance in mismatched environments was controlled by both transgenerational effect and within-generational plasticity. In summary, the maternal effects affected growth strategies of offspring, and the differences of strategies depended on the predictability of parental UV-B environments, the clone improved chemical defense to cope with unpredictable environments, while the growth and defense could be balanced in predictable environments. The anticipatory maternal effects were likely to improve the UV-B resistance.
Collapse
|
34
|
Mannucci A, Scartazza A, Santaniello A, Castagna A, Santin M, Quartacci MF, Ranieri A. Short daily ultraviolet exposure enhances intrinsic water-use efficiency and delays senescence in Micro-Tom tomato plants. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2022; 49:810-821. [PMID: 35598892 DOI: 10.1071/fp22013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation, unless present at high doses, is recognised as a regulator of plant growth and some specific processes. The present study investigated the influence of short daily UV irradiation (15min/day, 11days) on leaf gas exchange and some biochemical and molecular markers of leaf senescence (such as stomata movements, chlorophyll breakdown, anthocyanin production, senescence-associated genes) in Micro-Tom tomato plants. The UV-induced reduction of g s (stomatal conductance) during the treatment was associated with the modified expression of some genes involved in the control of stomatal movements. We hypothesise a two-step regulation of stomatal closure involving salicylic and abscisic acid hormones. The temporal changes of g s and A net (net photosynthetic CO2 assimilation rate) along with the pigment behaviour, suggest a possible delay of leaf senescence in treated plants, confirmed by the expression levels of genes related to senescence such as SAG113 and DFR . The UV potential to induce a persistent partial inhibition of g s without severely affecting A net led to an increased iWUE (intrinsic water-use efficiency) during the 11-day treatment, suggesting a priming effect of short daily UV radiation towards drought conditions potentially useful in reducing the excess water use in agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Mannucci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Andrea Scartazza
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Castagna
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Marco Santin
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Mike Frank Quartacci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Annamaria Ranieri
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Foliar and Root Comparative Metabolomics and Phenolic Profiling of Micro-Tom Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Plants Associated with a Gene Expression Analysis in Response to Short Daily UV Treatments. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11141829. [PMID: 35890464 PMCID: PMC9319050 DOI: 10.3390/plants11141829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is globally recognised as a high-value crop both for commercial profit and nutritional benefits. In contrast to the extensive data regarding the changes in the metabolism of tomato fruit exposed to UV radiation, less is known about the foliar and root metabolome. Using an untargeted metabolomic approach through UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS analysis, we detected thousands of metabolites in the leaves (3000) and roots (2800) of Micro-Tom tomato plants exposed to 11 days of short daily UV radiation, applied only on the aboveground organs. Multivariate statistical analysis, such as OPLS-DA and volcano, were performed to allow a better understanding of the modifications caused by the treatment. Based on the unexpected modulation to the secondary metabolism, especially the phenylpropanoid pathway, of which compounds were down and up accumulated respectively in leaves and roots of treated plants, a phenolic profiling was carried out for both organs. The phenolic profile was associated with a gene expression analysis to check the transcription trend of genes involved in the UVR8 signalling pathway and the early steps of the phenolic biosynthesis. The retention of the modifications at metabolic and phenolic levels was also investigated 3 days after the UV treatment, showing a prolonged effect on the modulation once the UV treatment had ceased.
Collapse
|
36
|
Beyond Photoprotection: The Multifarious Roles of Flavonoids in Plant Terrestrialization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095284. [PMID: 35563675 PMCID: PMC9101737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants evolved an impressive arsenal of multifunctional specialized metabolites to cope with the novel environmental pressures imposed by the terrestrial habitat when moving from water. Here we examine the multifarious roles of flavonoids in plant terrestrialization. We reason on the environmental drivers, other than the increase in UV-B radiation, that were mostly responsible for the rise of flavonoid metabolism and how flavonoids helped plants in land conquest. We are reasonably based on a nutrient-deficiency hypothesis for the replacement of mycosporine-like amino acids, typical of streptophytic algae, with the flavonoid metabolism during the water-to-land transition. We suggest that flavonoids modulated auxin transport and signaling and promoted the symbiosis between plants and fungi (e.g., arbuscular mycorrhizal, AM), a central event for the conquest of land by plants. AM improved the ability of early plants to take up nutrients and water from highly impoverished soils. We offer evidence that flavonoids equipped early land plants with highly versatile “defense compounds”, essential for the new set of abiotic and biotic stressors imposed by the terrestrial environment. We conclude that flavonoids have been multifunctional since the appearance of plants on land, not only acting as UV filters but especially improving both nutrient acquisition and biotic stress defense.
Collapse
|
37
|
De S, Jose J, Pal A, Roy Choudhury S, Roy S. Exposure to Low UV-B Dose Induces DNA Double-Strand Breaks Mediated Onset of Endoreduplication in Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek Seedlings. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 63:463-483. [PMID: 35134223 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Multiple lines of evidence indicate that solar UV-B light acts as an important environmental signal in plants, regulating various cellular and metabolic activities, gene expression, growth and development. Here, we show that low levels of UV-B (4.0 kJ m-2) significantly influence plant response during early seedling development in the tropical legume crop Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek. Exposure to low doses of UV-B showed relatively less growth inhibition yet remarkably enhanced lateral root formation in seedlings. Both low and high (8.0 kJ m-2) doses of UV-B treatment induced DNA double-strand breaks and activated the SOG1-related ATM-ATR-mediated DNA damage response pathway. These effects led to G2-M-phase arrest with a compromised expression of the key cell cycle regulators, including CDKB1;1, CDKB2;1 and CYCB1;1, respectively. However, along with these effects, imbibitional exposure of seeds to a low UV-B dose resulted in enhanced accumulation of FZR1/CCS52A, E2Fa and WEE1 kinase and prominent induction of endoreduplication in 7-day-old seedlings. Low dose of UV-B mediated phenotypical responses, while the onset of endoreduplication appeared to be regulated at least in part via UV-B induced reactive oxygen species accumulation. Transcriptome analyses further revealed a network of co-regulated genes associated with DNA repair, cell cycle regulation and oxidative stress response pathways that are activated upon exposure to low doses of UV-B.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayanti De
- Department of Botany, UGC Center for Advanced Studies, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag Campus, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India
| | - Jismon Jose
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517507, India
| | - Amita Pal
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
| | - Swarup Roy Choudhury
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517507, India
| | - Sujit Roy
- Department of Botany, UGC Center for Advanced Studies, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag Campus, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Supplemental UV-B Exposure Influences the Biomass and the Content of Bioactive Compounds in Linum usitatissimum L. Sprouts and Microgreens. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8030213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The interest in the pre-harvest ultraviolet-B (UV-B) exposure of crops in indoor cultivation has grown consistently, though very little is known about its influence on the nutraceutical quality of microgreens. Flaxseeds constitute a valuable oilseed species, mostly appreciated for their nutritional properties and the presence of health-promoting compounds. Therefore, although scarcely studied, flaxseed sprouts and microgreens might constitute a high-quality food product to be included in a healthy diet. This study aims to unravel the effects of pre-harvest ultraviolet-B irradiation on the nutritional and nutraceutical quality of flaxseed sprouts and microgreens grown under artificial conditions. The UV-B irradiation decreased the biomass and stem length of microgreens. However, the content of total phenolics and flavonoids and the antioxidant capacity were strongly enhanced by the UV-B treatment in both sprouts and microgreens. Among photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll a, violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, and lutein in sprouts were reduced by the treatment, while chlorophyll b increased in microgreens. In conclusion, our results showed that growing flaxseed sprouts and microgreens in controlled conditions with supplemental UV-B exposure might increase their nutritional and nutraceutical quality, as well as their antioxidant capacity, making them high-quality functional foods.
Collapse
|
39
|
Barnes PW, Robson TM, Neale PJ, Williamson CE, Zepp RG, Madronich S, Wilson SR, Andrady AL, Heikkilä AM, Bernhard GH, Bais AF, Neale RE, Bornman JF, Jansen MAK, Klekociuk AR, Martinez-Abaigar J, Robinson SA, Wang QW, Banaszak AT, Häder DP, Hylander S, Rose KC, Wängberg SÅ, Foereid B, Hou WC, Ossola R, Paul ND, Ukpebor JE, Andersen MPS, Longstreth J, Schikowski T, Solomon KR, Sulzberger B, Bruckman LS, Pandey KK, White CC, Zhu L, Zhu M, Aucamp PJ, Liley JB, McKenzie RL, Berwick M, Byrne SN, Hollestein LM, Lucas RM, Olsen CM, Rhodes LE, Yazar S, Young AR. Environmental effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and interactions with climate change: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2021. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:275-301. [PMID: 35191005 PMCID: PMC8860140 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00176-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
The Environmental Effects Assessment Panel of the Montreal Protocol under the United Nations Environment Programme evaluates effects on the environment and human health that arise from changes in the stratospheric ozone layer and concomitant variations in ultraviolet (UV) radiation at the Earth’s surface. The current update is based on scientific advances that have accumulated since our last assessment (Photochem and Photobiol Sci 20(1):1–67, 2021). We also discuss how climate change affects stratospheric ozone depletion and ultraviolet radiation, and how stratospheric ozone depletion affects climate change. The resulting interlinking effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and climate change are assessed in terms of air quality, carbon sinks, ecosystems, human health, and natural and synthetic materials. We further highlight potential impacts on the biosphere from extreme climate events that are occurring with increasing frequency as a consequence of climate change. These and other interactive effects are examined with respect to the benefits that the Montreal Protocol and its Amendments are providing to life on Earth by controlling the production of various substances that contribute to both stratospheric ozone depletion and climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P W Barnes
- Biological Sciences and Environment Program, Loyola University New Orleans, New Orleans, USA
| | - T M Robson
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology (OEB), Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - P J Neale
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, USA
| | | | - R G Zepp
- ORD/CEMM, US Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA, USA
| | - S Madronich
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, USA
| | - S R Wilson
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - A L Andrady
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Apex, USA
| | - A M Heikkilä
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - A F Bais
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Department of Physics, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - R E Neale
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J F Bornman
- Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.
| | | | - A R Klekociuk
- Antarctic Climate Program, Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, Australia
| | - J Martinez-Abaigar
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of La Rioja, La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - S A Robinson
- Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, Global Challenges Program and School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Q-W Wang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenyang, China
| | - A T Banaszak
- Unidad Académica De Sistemas Arrecifales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma De México, Puerto Morelos, Mexico
| | - D-P Häder
- Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University, Möhrendorf, Germany
| | - S Hylander
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems-EEMiS, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
| | - K C Rose
- Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, USA
| | - S-Å Wängberg
- Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - B Foereid
- Environment and Natural Resources, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
| | - W-C Hou
- Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - R Ossola
- Environmental System Science (D-USYS), ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - N D Paul
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - J E Ukpebor
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - M P S Andersen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Northridge, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Longstreth
- The Institute for Global Risk Research, LLC, Bethesda, USA
| | - T Schikowski
- Research Group of Environmental Epidemiology, Leibniz Institute of Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - K R Solomon
- Centre for Toxicology, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - B Sulzberger
- Academic Guest, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - L S Bruckman
- Materials Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - K K Pandey
- Wood Processing Division, Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Bangalore, India
| | - C C White
- Polymer Science and Materials Chemistry (PSMC), Exponent, Bethesda, USA
| | - L Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - M Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, China
| | - P J Aucamp
- Ptersa Environmental Consultants, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - J B Liley
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Alexandra, New Zealand
| | - R L McKenzie
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Alexandra, New Zealand
| | - M Berwick
- Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA
| | - S N Byrne
- Applied Medical Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - L M Hollestein
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R M Lucas
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - C M Olsen
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - L E Rhodes
- Photobiology Unit, Dermatology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - S Yazar
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - A R Young
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London (KCL), London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Klem K, Oravec M, Holub P, Šimor J, Findurová H, Surá K, Veselá B, Hodaňová P, Jansen MAK, Urban O. Interactive effects of nitrogen, UV and PAR on barley morphology and biochemistry are associated with the leaf C:N balance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 172:111-124. [PMID: 35063862 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental conditions to which plants acclimate prior exposure to abiotic or biotic stressors can greatly affect their subsequent resilience. This may have a significant impact on the response to ongoing climate change and can be useful for increasing the food security under adverse weather conditions associated with climate change.Within this study, we tested the hypothesis that plant morphological and biochemical acclimation to radiation conditions and nitrogen (N) availability is closely linked with carbon (C) and N balance. Four barley (Hordeum vulgare) varieties, differing in their morphological characteristics and sensitivity to photooxidative stress, were grown at two levels of N supply and four radiation regimes combining distinct levels of ultraviolet (UV) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Changes in root and shoot morphology, accumulation of phenolic compounds, amino acids, and sugars were studied together with the analysis of C and N content in leaves. Both UV and PAR reduced leaf length and increased root-to-shoot ratio (R:S). Such effect was more pronounced under high N availability. High N supply reduced R:S, but this effect showed significant interactions with UV and PAR, and also with barley variety. Changes in R:S were positively related to C:N ratio in leaves that varied in response to both N availability and radiation treatments. UV radiation, particularly in combination with high PAR intensity, led to increases in most phenolic compounds (particularly flavones such as saponarin, homoorientin and isovitexin) which was also closely associated with changes in C:N ratio, while specifically phenolic acids (vanillic and syringic acids) decreased under high levels of UV and PAR, and hydroxycinnamic acids responded positively mainly to PAR. Although high N availability generally reduced the accumulation of phenolic compounds, this effect was genotype-specific and modulated by the radiation regime. A similar antagonistic effect of radiation treatment and N availability was also found for the accumulation of sugars (pentoses), resulting in a close relationship between the accumulation of pentoses and C:N ratio. The accumulation of most amino acids, in contrary to phenolic compounds, increases at high N and is also stimulated by high PAR and UV intensities. We conclude that radiation conditions and N availability have opposite effects on plant morphology and accumulation of most phenolic compounds and modulate the amino acid and sugar metabolism. Strong associations of these responses with changes in C:N ratio indicates that plant stoichiometry integrates acclimation processes and induction of relevant defence mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Klem
- Global Change Research Institute CAS, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Mendel University on Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - M Oravec
- Global Change Research Institute CAS, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Holub
- Global Change Research Institute CAS, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - J Šimor
- Mendel University on Brno, Czech Republic
| | - H Findurová
- Global Change Research Institute CAS, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Mendel University on Brno, Czech Republic
| | - K Surá
- Global Change Research Institute CAS, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - B Veselá
- Global Change Research Institute CAS, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - P Hodaňová
- Global Change Research Institute CAS, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M A K Jansen
- Global Change Research Institute CAS, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic; University College Cork, Lee Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - O Urban
- Global Change Research Institute CAS, Bělidla 986/4a, CZ-603 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Li Y, Chen L, Zhan X, Liu L, Feng F, Guo Z, Wang D, Chen H. Biological effects of gamma-ray radiation on tulip ( Tulipa gesneriana L.). PeerJ 2022; 10:e12792. [PMID: 35111407 PMCID: PMC8783560 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tulip, being an important ornamental plant, generally requires lengthy and laborious procedures to develop new varieties using traditional breeding methods requires. But ionizing radiation potentially accelerates the breeding process of ornamental plant species. The biological effects of γ-ray irradiation on tulip, therefore, were investigated through establishing an irradiation-mediated mutation breeding protocol to accelerate its breeding process. ISSR-PCR molecular marker technique was further used to identify the mutants of phenotypic variation plants. This study showed that low irradiation doses (5 Gy) stimulated bulb germination to improve the survival rate of tulip, while high irradiation doses (20 to 100 Gy) significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited its seed germination and growth, and decreased the flowering rate, petal number, flower stem length and flower diameter. More than 40 Gy significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the total chlorophyll content and increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in tulips. Interestingly, three types of both stigma variations and flower pattern variations, and four types of flower colour variations were observed. With increasing the irradiation dose from 5 to 100 Gy, the anthocyanin and flavonoid contents continuously decreased. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis evidenced that high irradiation doses altered the micromorphology of leaf stomata. Microscopic observations of tulip root apical mitosis further showed the abnormal chromosomal division behaviour occurring at different mitotic phases under irradiation treatment (80 Gy). Increasing the irradiation dose from 20 to 100 Gy enhanced the micronucleus rate. Moreover, the suspected genetic variation in tulips was evaluated by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis, and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 68%. Finally, this study concludes that that 80 Gy may be an appropriate radiation does to better enhance the efficiency of mutagenic breeds in tulip plants. Using γ-ray irradiation, therefore, is expected to offer a theoretical basis for mutation breeding in tulips.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yirui Li
- Breeding Platform of Sichuan Radiation Mutagenesis Technology, Chengdu, China
- National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Xiaodie Zhan
- Breeding Platform of Sichuan Radiation Mutagenesis Technology, Chengdu, China
- National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Breeding Platform of Sichuan Radiation Mutagenesis Technology, Chengdu, China
- National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Feihong Feng
- National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Zihua Guo
- National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Breeding Platform of Sichuan Radiation Mutagenesis Technology, Chengdu, China
- National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Breeding Platform of Sichuan Radiation Mutagenesis Technology, Chengdu, China
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zedek F, Veselý P, Tichý L, Elliott TL, Garbolino E, de Ruffray P, Bureš P. Holocentric plants are more competitive under higher UV-B doses. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:15-21. [PMID: 34547106 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- František Zedek
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Veselý
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomír Tichý
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tammy L Elliott
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Emmanuel Garbolino
- Climpact Data Science (CDS), Nova Sophia - Regus Nova, 291 rue Albert Caquot, CS 40095, 06902, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
| | - Patrice de Ruffray
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes-CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12, rue du Général-Zimmer, F-67084, Strasbourg, France
| | - Petr Bureš
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lee JH, Shibata S, Goto E. Time-Course of Changes in Photosynthesis and Secondary Metabolites in Canola ( Brassica napus) Under Different UV-B Irradiation Levels in a Plant Factory With Artificial Light. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:786555. [PMID: 35003173 PMCID: PMC8730333 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.786555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate short-duration (24 h) UV-B irradiation as a preharvest abiotic stressor in canola plants. Moreover, we quantified the expression levels of genes related to bioactive compounds synthesis in response to UV-B radiation. Canola seedlings were cultivated in a plant factory under artificial light (200 μmol m-2 s-1 photosynthetic photon flux density; white LED lamps; 16 h on/8 h off), 25°C/20°C daytime/nighttime air temperature, and 70% relative humidity. Eighteen days after sowing, the seedlings were subjected to supplemental UV-B treatment. The control plants received no UV-B irradiation. The plants were exposed to 3, 5, or 7 W m-2 UV-B irradiation. There were no significant differences in shoot fresh weight between the UV-B-irradiated and control plants. With increasing UV-B irradiation intensity and exposure time, the H2O2 content gradually increased, the expression levels of genes related to photosynthesis downregulated, and phenylpropanoid and flavonoid production, and also total phenolic, flavonoid, antioxidant, and anthocyanin concentrations were significantly enhanced. The genes related to secondary metabolite biosynthesis were immediately upregulated after UV-B irradiation. The relative gene expression patterns identified using qRT-PCR corroborated the variations in gene expression that were revealed using microarray analysis. The time point at which the genes were induced varied with the gene location along the biosynthetic pathway. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate a temporal difference between the accumulation of antioxidants and the induction of genes related to the synthesis of this compound in UV-B-treated canola plants. Our results demonstrated that short-term UV-B irradiation could augment antioxidant biosynthesis in canola without sacrificing crop yield or quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hui Lee
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Japan
| | - Seina Shibata
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Japan
| | - Eiji Goto
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Japan
- Plant Molecular Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kataria S, Jain M, Rastogi A, Brestic M. Static magnetic field treatment enhanced photosynthetic performance in soybean under supplemental ultraviolet-B radiation. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 150:263-278. [PMID: 34075565 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00850-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The study was performed to analyze the impact of seed pretreatment by static magnetic field (SMF) of 200 mT for 1 h on photosynthetic performance of soybean (Glycine max) seedlings under ambient (aUV-B) and supplemental ultraviolet-B (a+sUV-B) stress. Ambient and supplemental UV-B were found to decrease the plant growth, chlorophyll concentration, PSII efficiency, selected JIP-test parameters such as Fv/Fm, φEo, ΔV(I-P), PIABS, PItotal, and rate of photosynthesis in the leaves of soybean seedlings emerged from untreated (UT) seeds. aUV-B and a+sUV-B were observed to increase the synthesis of UV-B-absorbing substances (UAS), reactive oxygen species (ROS) like superoxide radical (O2·-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), antioxidants like ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol and decrease the nitrate reductase (NR) activity; subsequently, it results in a decreased rate of photosynthesis, biomass accumulation, and yield. However, our results provided evidence that SMF pretreatment increased the tolerance of soybean seedlings to UV-B radiation by increased NO content and NR activity; higher efficiency of PSII, higher values of φEo, ΔV(I-P), PIABS, and PItotal, decreased intercellular CO2 concentration, lower amount of UAS, ROS, and antioxidants that consequently improve the yield of soybean plants under aUV-B as well as a+sUV-B stress. Thus, our results suggested that SMF pretreatment mitigates the adverse effects of UV-B stress by the enhancement in photosynthetic performance along with higher NO content which may be able to protect the plants from the deleterious effects of oxidative stress caused by UV-B irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Kataria
- School of Biochemistry, Devi Ahilya University, Khandwa Road, Indore, M.P., 452001, India.
| | - Meeta Jain
- School of Biochemistry, Devi Ahilya University, Khandwa Road, Indore, M.P., 452001, India
| | - Anshu Rastogi
- Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649, Poznan, Poland
- Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hussain S, Ulhassan Z, Brestic M, Zivcak M, Allakhverdiev SI, Yang X, Safdar ME, Yang W, Liu W. Photosynthesis research under climate change. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 150:5-19. [PMID: 34235625 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00861-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing global population and climate change uncertainties have compelled increased photosynthetic efficiency and yields to ensure food security over the coming decades. Potentially, genetic manipulation and minimization of carbon or energy losses can be ideal to boost photosynthetic efficiency or crop productivity. Despite significant efforts, limited success has been achieved. There is a need for thorough improvement in key photosynthetic limiting factors, such as stomatal conductance, mesophyll conductance, biochemical capacity combined with Rubisco, the Calvin-Benson cycle, thylakoid membrane electron transport, nonphotochemical quenching, and carbon metabolism or fixation pathways. In addition, the mechanistic basis for the enhancement in photosynthetic adaptation to environmental variables such as light intensity, temperature and elevated CO2 requires further investigation. This review sheds light on strategies to improve plant photosynthesis by targeting these intrinsic photosynthetic limitations and external environmental factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Hussain
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zaid Ulhassan
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, 94976, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marek Zivcak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, 94976, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- К.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya St. 35, Moscow, Russia, 127276
| | - Xinghong Yang
- Department of Plant Physiology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Road No. 61, 271018, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Wenyu Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiguo Liu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211-Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhong Z, Wang X, Yin X, Tian J, Komatsu S. Morphophysiological and Proteomic Responses on Plants of Irradiation with Electromagnetic Waves. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12239. [PMID: 34830127 PMCID: PMC8618018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetic energy is the backbone of wireless communication systems, and its progressive use has resulted in impacts on a wide range of biological systems. The consequences of electromagnetic energy absorption on plants are insufficiently addressed. In the agricultural area, electromagnetic-wave irradiation has been used to develop crop varieties, manage insect pests, monitor fertilizer efficiency, and preserve agricultural produce. According to different frequencies and wavelengths, electromagnetic waves are typically divided into eight spectral bands, including audio waves, radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays. In this review, among these electromagnetic waves, effects of millimeter waves, ultraviolet, and gamma rays on plants are outlined, and their response mechanisms in plants through proteomic approaches are summarized. Furthermore, remarkable advancements of irradiating plants with electromagnetic waves, especially ultraviolet, are addressed, which shed light on future research in the electromagnetic field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoheng Zhong
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Z.Z.); (J.T.)
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Xiaojian Yin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China;
| | - Jingkui Tian
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (Z.Z.); (J.T.)
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- Faculty of Environmental and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Sáenz-de la O D, Morales LO, Strid Å, Torres-Pacheco I, Guevara-González RG. Ultraviolet-B exposure and exogenous hydrogen peroxide application lead to cross-tolerance toward drought in Nicotiana tabacum L. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:666-679. [PMID: 33948972 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acclimation of plants to water deficit involves biochemical and physiological adjustments. Here, we studied how ultraviolet (UV)-B exposure and exogenously applied hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) potentiates drought tolerance in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. xanthi nc). Separate and combined applications for 14 days of 1.75 kJ m-2 day-1 UV-B radiation and 0.2 mM H2 O2 were assessed. Both factors, individually and combined, resulted in inhibition of growth. Furthermore, the combined treatment led to the most compacted plants. UV-B- and UV-B + H2 O2 -treated plants increased total antioxidant capacity and foliar epidermal flavonol index. H2 O2 - and UV-B + H2 O2 -pre-treated plants showed cross-tolerance to a subsequent 7-day moderate drought treatment, which was assessed as the absence of negative impact on growth, leaf wilting, and leaf relative water content. Plant responses to the pre-treatment were notably different: (1) H2 O2 increased the activity of catalase (EC 1.11.1.6), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (EC 4.3.1.5), and peroxidase activities (EC 1.11.1.7), and (2) the combined treatment induced epidermal flavonols which were key to drought tolerance. We report synergistic effects of UV-B and H2 O2 on transcription accumulation of UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8, NAC DOMAIN PROTEIN 13 (NAC13), and BRI1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR 1 (BES1). Our data demonstrate a pre-treatment-dependent response to drought for NAC13, BES1, and CHALCONE SYNTHASE transcript accumulation. This study highlights the potential of combining UV-B and H2 O2 to improve drought tolerance which could become a useful tool to reduce water use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sáenz-de la O
- Biosystems Engineering, School of Engineering, Autonomous University of Queretaro-Campus Amazcala, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Luis O Morales
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Åke Strid
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Irineo Torres-Pacheco
- Biosystems Engineering, School of Engineering, Autonomous University of Queretaro-Campus Amazcala, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Ramón G Guevara-González
- Biosystems Engineering, School of Engineering, Autonomous University of Queretaro-Campus Amazcala, Querétaro, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wang QW, Liu C, Robson TM, Hikosaka K, Kurokawa H. Leaf density and chemical composition explain variation in leaf mass area with spectral composition among 11 widespread forbs in a common garden. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:698-708. [PMID: 34309027 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Leaf mass per area (LMA) is a key leaf functional trait correlated with plant strategies dictating morphology, physiology, and biochemistry. Although sunlight is generally accepted as a dominant factor driving LMA, the contribution of each spectral region of sunlight in shaping LMA is poorly understood. In the present study, we grew 11 widespread forb species in a common garden and dissected the traits underpinning differences in LMA, such as its morphological components (leaf density [LD] and leaf thickness [LT]), macroelement, and metabolite composition under five spectral-attenuation treatments: (1) transmitting c. 95% of the whole solar spectrum (> 280 nm), (2) attenuating ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B), (3) attenuating both UV-A and UV-B radiation, (4) attenuating UV radiation and blue light, (5) attenuating UV radiation, blue, and green light. We found that LMA, LD, and chemical traits varied significantly across species depending on spectral treatments. LMA was significantly increased by UV-B radiation and green light, while LD was increased by UV-A but decreased by blue light. LMA positively correlated with LD across treatments but was only weakly related to LT, suggesting that LD was a better determinate of LMA for this specific treatment. Regarding leaf elemental and metabolite composition, carbon, nitrogen, and total phenolics were all positively correlated with LMA, whereas lignin, non-structural carbohydrates, and soluble sugars had negative relationships with LMA. These trends imply a tradeoff between biomass allocation to structural and metabolically functional components. In conclusion, sunlight can spectrally drive LMA mainly through modifying functional and structural support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
- Department of Forest Vegetation, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Chenggang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, China
- Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna, China
| | - Thomas Matthew Robson
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kouki Hikosaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kurokawa
- Department of Forest Vegetation, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Qian M, Rosenqvist E, Prinsen E, Pescheck F, Flygare AM, Kalbina I, Jansen MA, Strid Å. Downsizing in plants-UV light induces pronounced morphological changes in the absence of stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:378-395. [PMID: 34618138 PMCID: PMC8418406 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) light induces a stocky phenotype in many plant species. In this study, we investigate this effect with regard to specific UV wavebands (UV-A or UV-B) and the cause for this dwarfing. UV-A- or UV-B-enrichment of growth light both resulted in a smaller cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) phenotype, exhibiting decreased stem and petiole lengths and leaf area (LA). Effects were larger in plants grown in UV-B- than in UV-A-enriched light. In plants grown in UV-A-enriched light, decreases in stem and petiole lengths were similar independent of tissue age. In the presence of UV-B radiation, stems and petioles were progressively shorter the younger the tissue. Also, plants grown under UV-A-enriched light significantly reallocated photosynthates from shoot to root and also had thicker leaves with decreased specific LA. Our data therefore imply different morphological plant regulatory mechanisms under UV-A and UV-B radiation. There was no evidence of stress in the UV-exposed plants, neither in photosynthetic parameters, total chlorophyll content, or in accumulation of damaged DNA (cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers). The abscisic acid content of the plants also was consistent with non-stress conditions. Parameters such as total leaf antioxidant activity, leaf adaxial epidermal flavonol content and foliar total UV-absorbing pigment levels revealed successful UV acclimation of the plants. Thus, the UV-induced dwarfing, which displayed different phenotypes depending on UV wavelengths, occurred in healthy cucumber plants, implying a regulatory adjustment as part of the UV acclimation processes involving UV-A and/or UV-B photoreceptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Qian
- Örebro Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden
- College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Eva Rosenqvist
- Section of Crop Sciences, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegård Allé 9, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Els Prinsen
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Frauke Pescheck
- Botanical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ann-Marie Flygare
- Statistics Unit, School of Business, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Irina Kalbina
- Örebro Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden
| | - Marcel A.K. Jansen
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, North Mall, T23 TK30 Cork, Ireland
| | - Åke Strid
- Örebro Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Meyer P, Van de Poel B, De Coninck B. UV-B light and its application potential to reduce disease and pest incidence in crops. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:194. [PMID: 34465753 PMCID: PMC8408258 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00629-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B radiation (280-315 nm), perceived by the plant photoreceptor UVR8, is a key environmental signal that influences plant growth and development and can reduce disease and pest incidence. The positive effect of UV-B on disease resistance and incidence in various plant species supports the implementation of supplemental UV-B radiation in sustainable crop production. However, despite many studies focusing on UV-B light, there is no consensus on the best mode of application. This review aims to analyze, evaluate, and organize the different application strategies of UV-B radiation in crop production with a focus on disease resistance. We summarize the physiological effects of UV-B light on plants and discuss how plants perceive and transduce UV-B light by the UVR8 photoreceptor as well as how this perception alters plant specialized metabolite production. Next, we bring together conclusions of various studies with respect to different UV-B application methods to improve plant resistance. In general, supplemental UV-B light has a positive effect on disease resistance in many plant-pathogen combinations, mainly through the induction of the production of specialized metabolites. However, many variables (UV-B light source, plant species, dose and intensity, timing during the day, duration, background light, etc.) make it difficult to compare and draw general conclusions. We compiled the information of recent studies on UV-B light applications, including e.g., details on the UV-B light source, experimental set-up, calculated UV-B light dose, intensity, and duration. This review provides practical insights and facilitates future research on UV-B radiation as a promising tool to reduce disease and pest incidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prisca Meyer
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Van de Poel
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Barbara De Coninck
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|