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Lv B, He S, Li P, Jiang S, Li D, Lin J, Feinberg MW. MicroRNA-181 in cardiovascular disease: Emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23635. [PMID: 38690685 PMCID: PMC11068116 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400306r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) have attracted considerable attention for their roles in several cardiovascular disease states, including both the physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we will briefly describe microRNA-181 (miR-181) transcription and regulation and summarize recent findings on the roles of miR-181 family members as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in different cardiovascular-related conditions, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, hypertension, and heart failure. Lessons learned from these studies may provide new theoretical foundations for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shaolin He
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Peixin Li
- Second Clinical School, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shijiu Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Dazhu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jibin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mark W. Feinberg
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Yaacoub S, Boudaka A, AlKhatib A, Pintus G, Sahebkar A, Kobeissy F, Eid AH. The pharmaco-epigenetics of hypertension: a focus on microRNA. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04947-9. [PMID: 38424404 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major harbinger of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It predisposes to higher rates of myocardial infarction, chronic kidney failure, stroke, and heart failure than most other risk factors. By 2025, the prevalence of hypertension is projected to reach 1.5 billion people. The pathophysiology of this disease is multifaceted, as it involves nitric oxide and endothelin dysregulation, reactive oxygen species, vascular smooth muscle proliferation, and vessel wall calcification, among others. With the advent of new biomolecular techniques, various studies have elucidated a gaping hole in the etiology and mechanisms of hypertension. Indeed, epigenetics, DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA-mediated translational silencing appear to play crucial roles in altering the molecular phenotype into a hypertensive profile. Here, we critically review the experimentally determined associations between microRNA (miRNA) molecules and hypertension pharmacotherapy. Particular attention is given to the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the physiological responses to antihypertensive drugs like candesartan, and other relevant drugs like clopidogrel, aspirin, and statins among others. Furthermore, how miRNA affects the pharmaco-epigenetics of hypertension is especially highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Yaacoub
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ammar Boudaka
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali AlKhatib
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Neurobiology, Center for Neurotrauma, Multiomics and Biomarkers (CNMB), Morehouse School of Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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Karabaeva RZ, Vochshenkova TA, Zare A, Jafari N, Baneshi H, Mussin NM, Albayev RK, Kaliyev AA, Baspakova A, Tamadon A. Genetic and epigenetic factors of arterial hypertension: a bibliometric- and in-silico-based analyses. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1221337. [PMID: 37900914 PMCID: PMC10602687 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1221337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Arterial hypertension (AH) is a pervasive global health concern with multifaceted origins encompassing both genetic and environmental components. Previous research has firmly established the association between AH and diverse genetic factors. Consequently, scientists have conducted extensive genetic investigations in recent years to unravel the intricate pathophysiology of AH. Methods: In this study, we conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis employing VOSviewer software to identify the most noteworthy genetic factors that have been the focal point of numerous investigations within the AH field in recent years. Our analysis revealed genes and microRNAs intricately linked to AH, underscoring their pivotal roles in this condition. Additionally, we performed molecular docking analyses to ascertain microRNAs with the highest binding affinity to these identified genes. Furthermore, we constructed a network to elucidate the in-silico-based functional interactions between the identified microRNAs and genes, shedding light on their potential roles in AH pathogenesis. Results: Notably, this pioneering in silico examination of genetic factors associated with AH promises novel insights into our understanding of this complex condition. Our findings prominently highlight miR-7110-5p, miR-7110-3p, miR-663, miR-328-3p, and miR-140-5p as microRNAs exhibiting a remarkable affinity for target genes. These microRNAs hold promise as valuable diagnostic and therapeutic factors, offering new avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of AH in the foreseeable future. Conclusion: In summary, this research underscores the critical importance of genetic factors in AH and, through in silico analyses, identifies specific microRNAs with significant potential for further investigation and clinical applications in AH management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raushan Zh Karabaeva
- Gerontology Center, Medical Center of the President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Therapeutic Department, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Tamara A. Vochshenkova
- Gerontology Center, Medical Center of the President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kazakhstan
- Therapeutic Department, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | | | | | - Rustam Kuanyshbekovich Albayev
- Gerontology Center, Medical Center of the President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Akmaral Baspakova
- Department for Scientific Work, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
| | - Amin Tamadon
- PerciaVista R&D Co., Shiraz, Iran
- Department for Scientific Work, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, Kazakhstan
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Zhang J, Zhang Z, Nie X, Liu Y, Qi Y, Wang J. Deregulated RNAs involved in sympathetic regulation of sepsis-induced acute lung injury based on whole transcriptome sequencing. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:836. [PMID: 36526959 PMCID: PMC9758828 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09073-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sympathetic nerves play essential roles in the regulation of lung inflammation, and we investigated the effect of sympathetic denervation (SD) on sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. Mice were randomized to the control, SD, ALI and SD + ALI, groups. SD and ALI were established through intratracheal 6-hydroxydopamine and intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide, respectively. Models and gene expressions levels were evaluated by HE staining, ELISA, Western blotting and RT-qPCR. RNA extraction, whole transcriptome sequencing and subsequent biostatistical analysis were performed. Sympathetic denervation in the lungs significantly attenuated lung TNF-ɑ and norepinephrine expression, alleviated sepsis-induced acute lung injury and inhibited NF-κB signaling. Compared with the ALI group, the SD + ALI group exhibited 629 DE circRNAs, 269 DE lncRNAs,7 DE miRNAs and 186 DE mRNAs, respectively. Some DE RNAs were validated by RT-qPCR. CircRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks in the SD + ALI group revealed enrichment of the B-cell receptor signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, CAM, primary immunodeficiency, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction terms. The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network also revealed inflammation-related signaling pathways. Taken together, based on the successfully established models of SD and ALI, we show here that sympathetic nerves may regulate sepsis-induced ALI supposedly by affecting the expression of circRNAs, lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs in the lungs. These results may allow for further exploration of the roles of pulmonary sympathetic nerves in sepsis-induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xinran Nie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Yingli Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Yong Qi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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Daghbouche-Rubio N, López-López JR, Pérez-García MT, Cidad P. Vascular smooth muscle ion channels in essential hypertension. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1016175. [PMID: 36213221 PMCID: PMC9540222 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1016175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a highly prevalent chronic disease and the major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of death worldwide. Hypertension is characterized by an increased vascular tone determined by the contractile state of vascular smooth muscle cells that depends on intracellular calcium levels. The interplay of ion channels determine VSMCs membrane potential and thus intracellular calcium that controls the degree of contraction, vascular tone and blood pressure. Changes in ion channels expression and function have been linked to hypertension, but the mechanisms and molecular entities involved are not completely clear. Furthermore, the literature shows discrepancies regarding the contribution of different ion channels to hypertension probably due to differences both in the vascular preparation and in the model of hypertension employed. Animal models are essential to study this multifactorial disease but it is also critical to know their characteristics to interpret properly the results obtained. In this review we summarize previous studies, using the hypertensive mouse (BPH) and its normotensive control (BPN), focused on the identified changes in the expression and function of different families of ion channels. We will focus on L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (Cav1.2), canonical transient receptor potential channels and four different classes of K+ channels: voltage-activated (Kv), large conductance Ca2+-activated (BK), inward rectifiers (Kir) and ATP-sensitive (KATP) K+ channels. We will describe the role of these channels in hypertension and we will discuss the importance of integrating individual changes in a global context to understand the complex interplay of ion channels in hypertension.
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Su CT, See DHW, Huang JW. Lipid-Based Nanocarriers in Renal RNA Therapy. Biomedicines 2022; 10:283. [PMID: 35203492 PMCID: PMC8869454 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease is a multifactorial problem, with a growing prevalence and an increasing global burden. With the latest worldwide data suggesting that chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the 12th leading cause of death, it is no surprise that CKD remains a public health problem that requires urgent attention. Multiple factors contribute to kidney disease, each with its own pathophysiology and pathogenesis. Furthermore, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to several types of kidney diseases. As dysregulation of miRNAs is often seen in some diseases, there is potential in the exploitation of this for therapeutic applications. In addition, uptake of interference RNA has been shown to be rapid in kidneys making them a good candidate for RNA therapy. The latest advancements in RNA therapy and lipid-based nanocarriers have enhanced the effectiveness and efficiency of RNA-related drugs, thereby making RNA therapy a viable treatment option for renal disease. This is especially useful for renal diseases, for which a suitable treatment is not yet available. Moreover, the high adaptability of RNA therapy combined with the low risk of lipid-based nanocarriers make for an attractive treatment choice. Currently, there are only a small number of RNA-based drugs related to renal parenchymal disease, most of which are in different stages of clinical trials. We propose the use of miRNAs or short interfering RNAs coupled with a lipid-based nanocarrier as a delivery vehicle for managing renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ting Su
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Centre, Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (C.-T.S.); (D.H.W.S.)
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu 640, Taiwan
| | - Daniel H. W. See
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Centre, Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (C.-T.S.); (D.H.W.S.)
| | - Jenq-Wen Huang
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu 640, Taiwan
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Paterson MR, Jackson KL, Dona MSI, Farrugia GE, Visniauskas B, Watson AMD, Johnson C, Prieto MC, Evans RG, Charchar F, Pinto AR, Marques FZ, Head GA. Deficiency of MicroRNA-181a Results in Transcriptome-Wide Cell-Specific Changes in the Kidney and Increases Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2021; 78:1322-1334. [PMID: 34538100 PMCID: PMC8573069 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine R. Paterson
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kristy L. Jackson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Drug Discovery Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University Parkville, Australia
| | - Malathi S. I. Dona
- Cardiac Cellular Systems Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gabriella E. Farrugia
- Cardiac Cellular Systems Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bruna Visniauskas
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, the USA
| | - Anna M. D. Watson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chad Johnson
- Monash Micro Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Minolfa C. Prieto
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, the USA
| | - Roger G. Evans
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Fadi Charchar
- Health Innovation and Transformation Centre, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alexander R. Pinto
- Drug Discovery Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University Parkville, Australia
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Francine Z. Marques
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Geoffrey A. Head
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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8
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Epigenetic modifications of the renin-angiotensin system in cardiometabolic diseases. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:127-142. [PMID: 33416084 DOI: 10.1042/cs20201287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are among the most prevalent and the highest mortality diseases. Single disease etiology such as gene mutation, polymorphisms, or environmental exposure has failed to explain the origin of CMD. This can be evident in the discrepancies in disease susceptibility among individuals exposed to the same environmental insult or who acquire the same genetic variation. Epigenetics is the intertwining of genetic and environmental factors that results in diversity in the disease course, severity, and prognosis among individuals. Environmental exposures modify the epigenome and thus provide a link for translating environmental impact on changes in gene expression and precipitation to pathological conditions. Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is comprising genes responsible for the regulation of cardiovascular, metabolic, and glycemic functions. Epigenetic modifications of RAS genes can lead to overactivity of the system, increased sympathetic activity and autonomic dysfunction ultimately contributing to the development of CMD. In this review, we describe the three common epigenetic modulations targeting RAS components and their impact on the susceptibility to cardiometabolic dysfunction. Additionally, we highlight the therapeutic efforts of targeting these epigenetic imprints to the RAS and its effects.
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Effects of Virgin Olive Oil on Blood Pressure and Renal Aminopeptidase Activities in Male Wistar Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105388. [PMID: 34065436 PMCID: PMC8161085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High saturated fat diets have been associated with the development of obesity and hypertension, along with other pathologies related to the metabolic syndrome. In contrast, the Mediterranean diet, characterized by its high content of monounsaturated fatty acids, has been proposed as a dietary factor capable of positively regulating cardiovascular function. These effects have been linked to changes in the local renal renin angiotensin system (RAS) and the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. The main goal of this study was to analyze the role of two dietary fat sources on aminopeptidases activities involved in local kidney RAS. Male Wistar rats (six months old) were fed during 24 weeks with three different diets: the standard diet (S), the standard diet supplemented with virgin olive oil (20%) (VOO), or the standard diet enriched with butter (20%) plus cholesterol (0.1%) (Bch). Kidney samples were separated in medulla and cortex for aminopeptidase activities (AP) assay. Urine samples were collected for routine analysis by chemical tests. Aminopeptidase activities were determined by fluorometric methods in soluble (sol) and membrane-bound (mb) fractions of renal tissue, using arylamide derivatives as substrates. After the experimental period, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) values were similar in standard and VOO animals, and significantly lower than in the Bch group. At the same time, a significant increase in GluAP and IRAP activities were found in renal medulla of Bch animals. However, in VOO group the increase of GluAP activity in renal medulla was lower, while AspAP activity decreased in the renal cortex. Furthermore, the VOO diet also affected other aminopeptidase activities, such as TyrAP and pGluAP, related to the regulation of the sympathetic nervous system and the metabolic rate. These results support the beneficial effect of VOO in the regulation of SBP through changes in local AP activities of the kidney.
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The Impact of microRNAs in Renin-Angiotensin-System-Induced Cardiac Remodelling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094762. [PMID: 33946230 PMCID: PMC8124994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) indicates its central role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular remodelling via both hemodynamic alterations and direct growth and the proliferation effects of angiotensin II or aldosterone resulting in the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, the proliferation of fibroblasts, and inflammatory immune cell activation. The noncoding regulatory microRNAs has recently emerged as a completely novel approach to the study of the RAS. A growing number of microRNAs serve as mediators and/or regulators of RAS-induced cardiac remodelling by directly targeting RAS enzymes, receptors, signalling molecules, or inhibitors of signalling pathways. Specifically, microRNAs that directly modulate pro-hypertrophic, pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory signalling initiated by angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) stimulation are of particular relevance in mediating the cardiovascular effects of the RAS. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge in the field that is still in the early stage of preclinical investigation with occasionally conflicting reports. Understanding the big picture of microRNAs not only aids in the improved understanding of cardiac response to injury but also leads to better therapeutic strategies utilizing microRNAs as biomarkers, therapeutic agents and pharmacological targets.
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Matshazi DM, Weale CJ, Erasmus RT, Kengne AP, Davids SFG, Raghubeer S, Hector S, Davison GM, Matsha TE. MicroRNA Profiles in Normotensive and Hypertensive South African Individuals. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:645541. [PMID: 33937359 PMCID: PMC8085261 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.645541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension has a complex pathogenesis and symptoms appear in advanced disease. Dysregulation of gene expression regulatory factors like microRNAs has been reported in disease development. Identifying biomarkers which could help understand the pathogenesis and prognosis of hypertension is essential. The study's objective was to investigate microRNA expression profiles according to participant blood pressure status. Next generation sequencing was used to identify microRNAs in the whole blood of 48 body mass index-, smoking- and age-matched normotensive (n = 12), screen-detected hypertensive (n = 16) and known hypertensive (n = 20) female participants. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to validate the next generation sequencing findings in a larger, independent sample of 84 men and 179 women. Using next generation sequencing, 30 dysregulated microRNAs were identified and miR-1299 and miR-30a-5p were the most significantly differentially expressed. Both microRNAs were upregulated in known hypertensives or screen-detected hypertensives compared to the normotensives. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis indicated possible involvement of platelet activation, calcium signaling and aldosterone synthesis pathways. Further validation of miR-1299 and miR-30a-5p using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed sequencing results while yielding new findings. These findings demonstrate microRNA dysregulation in hypertension and their expression may be related to genes and biological pathways essential for blood pressure homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don M Matshazi
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Cecil J Weale
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rajiv T Erasmus
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service and Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andre P Kengne
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Saarah F G Davids
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Shanel Raghubeer
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stanton Hector
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Glenda M Davison
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tandi E Matsha
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
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12
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Mouat MA, Jackson KL, Coleman JLJ, Paterson MR, Graham RM, Head GA, Smith NJ. Deletion of Orphan G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR37L1 in Mice Alters Cardiovascular Homeostasis in a Sex-Specific Manner. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:600266. [PMID: 33633567 PMCID: PMC7901490 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.600266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
GPR37L1 is a family A orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) with a putative role in blood pressure regulation and cardioprotection. In mice, genetic ablation of Gpr37l1 causes sex-dependent effects; female mice lacking Gpr37l1 (GPR37L1-/-) have a modest but significant elevation in blood pressure, while male GPR37L1-/- mice are more susceptible to cardiovascular dysfunction following angiotensin II-induced hypertension. Given that this receptor is highly expressed in the brain, we hypothesize that the cardiovascular phenotype of GPR37L1-/- mice is due to changes in autonomic regulation of blood pressure and heart rate. To investigate this, radiotelemetry was employed to characterize baseline cardiovascular variables in GPR37L1-/- mice of both sexes compared to wildtype controls, followed by power spectral analysis to quantify short-term fluctuations in blood pressure and heart rate attributable to alterations in autonomic homeostatic mechanisms. Additionally, pharmacological ganglionic blockade was performed to determine vasomotor tone, and environmental stress tests were used to assess whether cardiovascular reactivity was altered in GPR37L1-/- mice. We observed that mean arterial pressure was significantly lower in female GPR37L1-/- mice compared to wildtype counterparts, but was unchanged in male GPR37L1-/- mice. GPR37L1-/- genotype had a statistically significant positive chronotropic effect on heart rate across both sexes when analyzed by two-way ANOVA. Power spectral analysis of these data revealed a reduction in power in the heart rate spectrum between 0.5 and 3 Hz in female GPR37L1-/- mice during the diurnal active period, which indicates that GPR37L1-/- mice may have impaired cardiac vagal drive. GPR37L1-/- mice of both sexes also exhibited attenuated depressor responses to ganglionic blockade with pentolinium, indicating that GPR37L1 is involved in maintaining sympathetic vasomotor tone. Interestingly, when these mice were subjected to aversive and appetitive behavioral stressors, the female GPR37L1-/- mice exhibited an attenuation of cardiovascular reactivity to aversive, but not appetitive, environmental stimuli. Together, these results suggest that loss of GPR37L1 affects autonomic maintenance of blood pressure, giving rise to sex-specific cardiovascular changes in GPR37L1-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A Mouat
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristy L Jackson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - James L J Coleman
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Madeleine R Paterson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert M Graham
- St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Geoffrey A Head
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicola J Smith
- Molecular Pharmacology Laboratory, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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13
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Cell seeding accelerates the vascularization of tissue engineering constructs in hypertensive mice. Hypertens Res 2020; 44:23-35. [PMID: 32778779 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0524-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Rapid blood vessel ingrowth into transplanted constructs represents the key requirement for successful tissue engineering. Seeding three-dimensional scaffolds with suitable cells is an approved technique for this challenge. Since a plethora of patients suffer from widespread diseases that limit the capacity of neoangiogenesis (e.g., hypertension), we investigated the incorporation of cell-seeded poly-L-lactide-co-glycolide scaffolds in hypertensive (BPH/2J, group A) and nonhypertensive (BPN/3J, group B) mice. Collagen-coated scaffolds (A1 and B1) were additionally seeded with osteoblast-like (A2 and B2) and mesenchymal stem cells (A3 and B3). After implantation into dorsal skinfold chambers, inflammation and newly formed microvessels were measured using repetitive intravital fluorescence microscopy for 2 weeks. Apart from a weak inflammatory response in all groups, significantly increased microvascular densities were found in cell-seeded scaffolds (day 14, A2: 192 ± 12 cm/cm2, A3: 194 ± 10 cm/cm2, B2: 249 ± 19 cm/cm2, B3: 264 ± 17 cm/cm2) when compared with controls (A1: 129 ± 10 cm/cm2, B1: 185 ± 8 cm/cm2). In this context, hypertensive mice showed reduced neoangiogenesis in comparison with nonhypertensive animals. Therefore, seeding approved scaffolds with organ-specific or pluripotent cells is a very promising technique for tissue engineering in hypertensive organisms.
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14
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Peters LJF, Biessen EAL, Hohl M, Weber C, van der Vorst EPC, Santovito D. Small Things Matter: Relevance of MicroRNAs in Cardiovascular Disease. Front Physiol 2020; 11:793. [PMID: 32733281 PMCID: PMC7358539 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short sequences of non-coding RNA that play an important role in the regulation of gene expression and thereby in many physiological and pathological processes. Furthermore, miRNAs are released in the extracellular space, for example in vesicles, and are detectable in various biological fluids, such as serum, plasma, and urine. Over the last years, it has been shown that miRNAs are crucial in the development of several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review discusses the (patho)physiological implications of miRNAs in CVD, ranging from cardiovascular risk factors (i.e., hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia), to atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and cardiac remodeling. Moreover, the intriguing possibility of their use as disease-specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for human CVDs will be discussed in detail. Finally, as several approaches have been developed to alter miRNA expression and function (i.e., mimics, antagomirs, and target-site blockers), we will highlight the miRNAs with the most promising therapeutic potential that may represent suitable candidates for therapeutic intervention in future translational studies and ultimately in clinical trials. All in all, this review gives a comprehensive overview of the most relevant miRNAs in CVD and discusses their potential use as biomarkers and even therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsey J. F. Peters
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Erik A. L. Biessen
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mathias Hohl
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Emiel P. C. van der Vorst
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Donato Santovito
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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15
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Connecting sympathetic and renin-angiotensin system overdrive in neurogenic hypertension through miRNA-181a. Hypertens Res 2020; 43:1309-1310. [PMID: 32555411 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0492-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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16
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Estrela GR, Wasinski F, Gregnani MF, Freitas-Lima LC, Arruda AC, Morais RL, Malheiros DM, Camara NOS, Pesquero JB, Bader M, Barros CC, Araújo RC. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Protects Against Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity by Modulating Kinin B1 Receptor Expression and Aminopeptidase P Activity in Mice. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:96. [PMID: 32528973 PMCID: PMC7257977 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent. However, its use is limited by nephrotoxicity. Enalapril is an angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitor used for the treatment of hypertension, mainly through the reduction of angiotensin II formation, but also through the increase of kinins half-life. Kinin B1 receptor is associated with inflammation and migration of immune cells into the injured tissue. We have previously shown that the deletion or blockage of kinin B1 and B2 receptors can attenuate cisplatin nephrotoxicity. In this study, we tested enalapril treatment as a tool to prevent cisplatin nephrotoxicity. Male C57Bl/6 mice were divided into 3 groups: control group; cisplatin (20 mg/kg i.p) group; and enalapril (1.5 mg;kg i.p) + cisplatin group. The animals were treated with a single dose of cisplatin and euthanized after 96 h. Enalapril was able to attenuate cisplatin-induced increase in creatinine and urea, and to reduce tubular injury and upregulation of apoptosis-related genes, as well as inflammatory cytokines in circulation and kidney. The upregulation of B1 receptor was blocked in enalapril + cisplatin group. Carboxypeptidase M expression, which generates B1 receptor agonists, is blunted by cisplatin + enalapril treatment. The activity of aminopeptidase P, a secondary key enzyme able to degrade kinins, is restored by enalapril treatment. These findings were confirmed in mouse renal epithelial tubular cells, in which enalaprilat (5 μM) was capable of decreasing tubular injury and inflammatory markers. We treated mouse renal epithelial tubular cells with cisplatin (100 μM), cisplatin+enalaprilat and cisplatin+enalaprilat+apstatin (10 μM). The results showed that cisplatin alone decreases cell viability, cisplatin plus enalaprilat is able to restore cell viability, and cisplatin plus enalaprilat and apstatin decreases cell viability. In the present study, we demonstrated that enalapril prevents cisplatin nephrotoxicity mainly by preventing the upregulation of B1 receptor and carboxypeptidase M and the increased concentrations of kinin peptides through aminopeptidase activity restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel R Estrela
- Departamento de Medicina, Disciplina de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Oncologia Clínica e Experimental, Disciplina de Hematologia e Hematoterapia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Frederick Wasinski
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos F Gregnani
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Adriano C Arruda
- Departamento de Medicina, Disciplina de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Leite Morais
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Niels O S Camara
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Bosco Pesquero
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carlos Castilho Barros
- Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Carvalho Araújo
- Departamento de Medicina, Disciplina de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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17
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Jackson KL, Gueguen C, Lim K, Eikelis N, Stevenson ER, Charchar FJ, Lambert GW, Burke SL, Paterson MR, Marques FZ, Head GA. Neural suppression of miRNA-181a in the kidney elevates renin expression and exacerbates hypertension in Schlager mice. Hypertens Res 2020; 43:1152-1164. [PMID: 32427944 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0453-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BPH/2J mice are a genetic model of hypertension with overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and renin-angiotensin system (RAS). BPH/2J display higher renal renin mRNA and low levels of its negative regulator microRNA-181a (miR-181a). We hypothesise that high renal SNS activity may reduce miR-181a expression, which contributes to elevated RAS activity and hypertension in BPH/2J. Our aim was to determine whether in vivo administration of a renal-specific miR-181a mimic or whether renal denervation could increase renal miR-181a abundance to reduce renal renin mRNA, RAS activity and hypertension in BPH/2J mice. Blood pressure (BP) in BPH/2J and normotensive BPN/3J mice was measured via radiotelemetry probes. Mice were administered miR-181a mimic or a negative control (1-25 nmol, i.v., n = 6-10) with BP measured for 48 h after each dose or they underwent renal denervation or sham surgery (n = 7-9). Injection of 5-25 nmol miR-181a mimic reduced BP in BPH/2J mice after 36-48 h (-5.3 ± 1.8, -6.1 ± 1.9 mmHg, respectively, P < 0.016). Treatment resulted in lower renal renin and inflammatory marker (TLR4) mRNA levels in BPH/2J. The mimic abolished the hypotensive effect of blocking the RAS with enalaprilat (P < 0.01). No differences between mimic or vehicle were observed in BPN/3J mice except for a higher level of renal angiotensinogen in the mimic-treated mice. Renal miR-181a levels that were lower in sham BPH/2J mice were greater following renal denervation and were thus similar to those of BPN/3J. Our findings suggest that the reduced renal miR-181a may partially contribute to the elevated BP in BPH/2J mice, through an interaction between the renal sympathetic nerves and miR-181a regulation of the RAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy L Jackson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Cindy Gueguen
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kyungjoon Lim
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nina Eikelis
- Human Neurotransmitters Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
| | - Emily R Stevenson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Fadi J Charchar
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, Australia
| | - Gavin W Lambert
- Human Neurotransmitters Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
| | - Sandra L Burke
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Madeleine R Paterson
- Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Francine Z Marques
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC, Australia.,Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Geoffrey A Head
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
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18
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Head GA. Integrative Physiology: Update to the Grand Challenge 2020. Front Physiol 2020; 11:489. [PMID: 32499720 PMCID: PMC7243031 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey A Head
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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19
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Guarner-Lans V, Ramírez-Higuera A, Rubio-Ruiz ME, Castrejón-Téllez V, Soto ME, Pérez-Torres I. Early Programming of Adult Systemic Essential Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1203. [PMID: 32054074 PMCID: PMC7072742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are being included in the study of developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) and essential systemic hypertension has also been added to this field. Epigenetic modifications are one of the main mechanisms leading to early programming of disease. Different environmental factors occurring during critical windows in the early stages of life may leave epigenetic cues, which may be involved in the programming of hypertension when individuals reach adulthood. Such environmental factors include pre-term birth, low weight at birth, altered programming of different organs such as the blood vessels and the kidney, and living in disadvantageous conditions in the programming of hypertension. Mechanisms behind these factors that impact on the programming include undernutrition, oxidative stress, inflammation, emotional stress, and changes in the microbiota. These factors and their underlying causes acting at the vascular level will be discussed in this paper. We also explore the establishment of epigenetic cues that may lead to hypertension at the vascular level such as DNA methylation, histone modifications (methylation and acetylation), and the role of microRNAs in the endothelial cells and blood vessel smooth muscle which participate in hypertension. Since epigenetic changes are reversible, the knowledge of this type of markers could be useful in the field of prevention, diagnosis or epigenetic drugs as a therapeutic approach to hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Guarner-Lans
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.E.R.-R.); (V.C.-T.)
| | - Abril Ramírez-Higuera
- Nutrition Biochemistry Laboratory, Research and Food Development Unit. Veracruz Technological Institute, National Technological of Mexico, Veracruz 91897, Mexico;
| | - María Esther Rubio-Ruiz
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.E.R.-R.); (V.C.-T.)
| | - Vicente Castrejón-Téllez
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.E.R.-R.); (V.C.-T.)
| | - María Elena Soto
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico 14080, Mexico;
| | - Israel Pérez-Torres
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico 14080, Mexico;
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20
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Herat LY, Magno AL, Kiuchi MG, Jackson KL, Carnagarin R, Head GA, Schlaich MP, Matthews VB. The Schlager mouse as a model of altered retinal phenotype. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:512-518. [PMID: 31571663 PMCID: PMC6921339 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.266069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a risk factor for a large number of vision-threatening eye disorders. In this study, we investigated for the first time the retinal neural structure of the hypertensive BPH/2J mouse (Schlager mouse) and compared it to its control counterpart, the normotensive BPN/3J strain. The BPH/2J mouse is a selectively inbred mouse strain that develops chronic hypertension due to elevated sympathetic nervous system activity. When compared to the BPN/3J strain, the hypertensive BPH/2J mice showed a complete loss of outer layers of the neural retina at 21 weeks of age, which was indicative of a severe vision-threatening disease potentially caused by hypertension. To elucidate whether the retinal neural phenotype in the BPH/2J strain was attributed to increased BP, we investigated the neural retina of both BPN/3J and BPH/2J mice at 4 weeks of age. Our preliminary results showed for the first time that the BPH/2J strain develops severe retinal neural damage at a young age. Our findings suggest that the retinal phenotype in the BPH/2J mouse is possibly due to elevated blood pressure and may be contributed by an early onset spontaneous mutation which is yet to be identified or a congenital defect occurring in this strain. Further characterization of the BPH/2J mouse strain is likely to i) elucidate gene defects underlying retinal disease; ii) understand mechanisms leading to neural retinal disease and iii) permit testing of molecules for translational research to interfere with the progression of retinal disease. The animal experiments were performed with the approval of the Royal Perth Hospital Animal Ethics Committee (R535/17-18) on June 1, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshini Y Herat
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Biomedical Science - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Aaron L Magno
- Research Centre, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Márcio G Kiuchi
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Medicine - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Kristy L Jackson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Revathy Carnagarin
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Medicine - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Geoffrey A Head
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Markus P Schlaich
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Medicine - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia; Department of Cardiology and Department of Nephrology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Vance B Matthews
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Biomedical Science - Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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21
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Zhao H, Guo Y, Sun Y, Zhang N, Wang X. miR-181a/b-5p ameliorates inflammatory response in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension by targeting endocan. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:4422-4433. [PMID: 31637717 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disorder characterized by vascular remodeling, endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, and inflammation. The roles of microRNAs have received much critical attention. Thus, this study was attempted to show the biological function of miR-181a/b-5p (miR-181a/b) in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH. Here, rats injected with MCT were used as PAH models. The expression of miR-181a/b and its effect on PAH pathologies were examined using miR-181a/b overexpression lentivirus. A luciferase reporter analysis was performed to measure the relationships between miR-181a/b and endocan. Additionally, primary rat pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (rPAECs) treated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were employed to further validate the regulatory mechanism of miR-181a/b in vitro. Our results showed that miR-181a/b expression was reduced in PAH, and its upregulation significantly attenuated the short survival period, right ventricular systolic pressure and mean pulmonary artery pressure increments, right ventricular remodeling, and lung injury. Furthermore, the increase of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1) in PAH rats was inhibited by miR-181a/b overexpression. Similarly, our in vitro results showed that inducing miR-181a/b suppressed TNF-α-stimulated increase of ICAM1 and VCAM1 in rPAECs. Importantly, the increased expression of endocan in PAH model or TNF-α-treated rPAECs was restored by miR-181a/b upregulation. Further analysis validated the direct targeting relationships between miR-181a/b and endocan. Collectively, this study suggests that miR-181a/b targets endocan to ameliorate PAH symptoms by inhibiting inflammatory states, shedding new lights on the prevention and treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhao
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yun Guo
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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22
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Jackson KL, Head GA, Gueguen C, Stevenson ER, Lim K, Marques FZ. Mechanisms Responsible for Genetic Hypertension in Schlager BPH/2 Mice. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1311. [PMID: 31681017 PMCID: PMC6813185 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been 45 years since Gunther Schlager used a cross breeding program in mice to develop inbred strains with high, normal, and low blood pressure (BPH/2, BPN/3, and BPL/1 respectively). Thus, it is timely to gather together the studies that have characterized and explored the mechanisms associated with the hypertension to take stock of exactly what is known and what remains to be determined. Growing evidence supports the notion that the mechanism of hypertension in BPH/2 mice is predominantly neurogenic with some of the early studies showing aberrant brain noradrenaline levels in BPH/2 compared with BPN/3. Analysis of the adrenal gland using microarray suggested an association with the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Indeed, in support of this, there is a larger depressor response to ganglion blockade, which reduced blood pressure in BPH/2 mice to the same level as BPN/3 mice. Greater renal tyrosine hydroxylase staining and greater renal noradrenaline levels in BPH/2 mice suggest sympathetic hyperinnervation of the kidney. Renal denervation markedly reduced the blood pressure in BPH/2 but not BPN/3 mice, confirming the importance of renal sympathetic nervous activity contributing to the hypertension. Further, there is an important contribution to the hypertension from miR-181a and renal renin in this strain. BPH/2 mice also display greater neuronal activity of amygdalo-hypothalamic cardiovascular regulatory regions. Lesions of the medial nucleus of the amygdala reduced the hypertension in BPH/2 mice and abolished the strain difference in the effect of ganglion blockade, suggesting a sympathetic mechanism. Further studies suggest that aberrant GABAergic inhibition may play a role since BPH/2 mice have low GABAA receptor δ, α4 and β2 subunit mRNA expression in the hypothalamus, which are predominantly involved in promoting tonic neuronal inhibition. Allopregnanolone, an allosteric modulator of GABAA receptors, which increase the expression of these subunits in the amygdala and hypothalamus, is shown to reduce the hypertension and sympathetic nervous system contribution in BPH/2 mice. Thus far, evidence suggests that BPH/2 mice have aberrant GABAergic inhibition, which drives neuronal overactivity within amygdalo-hypothalamic brain regions. This overactivity is responsible for the greater sympathetic contribution to the hypertension in BPH/2 mice, thus making this an ideal model of neurogenic hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy L Jackson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Geoffrey A Head
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Cindy Gueguen
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Emily R Stevenson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kyungjoon Lim
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Francine Z Marques
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Hypertension Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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23
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Agrawal R, Durupt G, Verma D, Montgomery M, Vieira-de Abreu A, Taylor C, Swaminathan S, Fisher SJ. MicroRNA-7a overexpression in VMH restores the sympathoadrenal response to hypoglycemia. JCI Insight 2019; 4:130521. [PMID: 31619588 PMCID: PMC6824313 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.130521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is proposed that the impaired sympathoadrenal response to hypoglycemia induced by recurrent insulin-induced hypoglycemia (RH) is an adaptive phenomenon induced by specific changes in microRNA expression in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH). To test this hypothesis, genome-wide microRNAomic profiling of the VMH by RNA-sequencing was performed in control rats and rats treated for RH. Differential expression analysis identified microRNA-7a-5p and microRNA-665 as potential mediators of this phenomenon. To further test this hypothesis, experiments were conducted consisting of targeted lentiviral-mediated overexpression of microRNA-7a-5p and downregulation of microRNA-665 in the VMH. Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp experiments demonstrated that targeted overexpression of microRNA-7a-5p (but not downregulation of microRNA-665) in the VMH of RH rats restored the epinephrine response to hypoglycemia. This restored response to hypoglycemia was associated with a restoration of GABAA receptor gene expression. Finally, a direct interaction of microRNA-7a-5p with the 3'-UTR of GABAA receptor α1-subunit (Gabra1) gene was demonstrated in a luciferase assay. These findings indicate that (a) the impaired sympathoadrenal response RH induces is associated with changes in VMH microRNA expression and (b) microRNA-7a-5p, possibly via direct downregulation of GABA receptor gene expression, may serve as a mediator of the altered sympathoadrenal response to hypoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Agrawal
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Griffin Durupt
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Dinesh Verma
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | - Michael Montgomery
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | | | - Casey Taylor
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, and
| | | | - Simon J. Fisher
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, and
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
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24
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Pravoverov K, Whiting K, Thapa S, Bushong T, Trang K, Lein PJ, Chandrasekaran V. MicroRNAs are Necessary for BMP-7-induced Dendritic Growth in Cultured Rat Sympathetic Neurons. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 39:917-934. [PMID: 31104181 PMCID: PMC6713596 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00688-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal connectivity is dependent on size and shape of the dendritic arbor. However, mechanisms controlling dendritic arborization, especially in the peripheral nervous system, are not completely understood. Previous studies have shown that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are important initiators of dendritic growth in peripheral neurons. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that post-transcriptional regulation mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs) is necessary for BMP-7-induced dendritic growth in these neurons. To examine the role of miRNAs in BMP-7-induced dendritic growth, microarray analyses was used to profile miRNA expression in cultured sympathetic neurons from the superior cervical ganglia of embryonic day 21 rat pups at 6 and 24 h after treatment with BMP-7 (50 ng/mL). Our data showed that BMP-7 significantly regulated the expression of 43 of the 762 miRNAs. Of the 43 miRNAs, 22 showed robust gene expression; 14 were upregulated by BMP-7 and 8 were downregulated by BMP-7. The expression profile for miR-335, miR-664-1*, miR-21, and miR-23b was confirmed using qPCR analyses. Functional studies using morphometric analyses of dendritic growth in cultured sympathetic neurons transfected with miRNA mimics and inhibitors indicated that miR-664-1*, miR-23b, and miR-21 regulated early stages of BMP-7-induced dendritic growth. In summary, our data provide evidence for miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation as important downstream component of BMP-7 signaling during early stages of dendritic growth in sympathetic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Pravoverov
- Department of Biology, Saint Mary’s College of California, 1928 Saint Mary’s Road, Moraga, CA 94556
| | - Katherine Whiting
- Department of Biology, Saint Mary’s College of California, 1928 Saint Mary’s Road, Moraga, CA 94556
| | - Slesha Thapa
- Department of Biology, Saint Mary’s College of California, 1928 Saint Mary’s Road, Moraga, CA 94556
| | - Trevor Bushong
- Department of Biology, Saint Mary’s College of California, 1928 Saint Mary’s Road, Moraga, CA 94556
| | - Karen Trang
- Department of Biology, Saint Mary’s College of California, 1928 Saint Mary’s Road, Moraga, CA 94556
| | - Pamela J. Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Drive, Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Vidya Chandrasekaran
- Department of Biology, Saint Mary’s College of California, 1928 Saint Mary’s Road, Moraga, CA 94556.,Corresponding author: Vidya Chandrasekaran, Department of Biology, Saint Mary’s College of California, Moraga, CA 94556.
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25
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Özkan G, Ulusoy Ş, Geyik E, Erdem Y. Down-regulation of miRNA 145 and up-regulation of miRNA 4516 may be associated with primary hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2019; 21:1724-1731. [PMID: 31556476 DOI: 10.1111/jch.13704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Complex mechanisms including genetic factors have been proposed in the pathogenesis of primary hypertension (HT). Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded RNA molecules that are not converted into protein products. However, it has been established that genes regulate conversion into protein products. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the roles of miRNA 4516, miRNA 145, miRNA 24, and miRNA 181a in the pathogenesis of HT. The secondary aim was to investigate the relation between these miRNAs and renin, aldosterone, norepinephrine, renalase, and NOS. Fifty-two hypertensive and 51 control normotensive individuals under observation in the Cappadocia cohort were included in the study. miRNA 4516, miRNA 181a, miRNA 24, and miRNA 145 levels were measured using the ddPCR method. miRNA 4516 and norepinephrine levels were significantly higher in the HT group (P < .005 for both), while miRNA 145 levels were significantly lower (<.05). miRNA 4516 up-regulation (P < .05) and miRNA 145 down-regulation (P < .05) were identified as independent predictors of HT. Renalase exhibited negative correlation with miRNA 4516 and positive correlation with miRNA 145 in the patient and control group. In addition, negative correlation was present between miRNA 24 and NE and NOS and between miRNA 181a and NOS in the patient group. Our study identified, for the first time in the literature, miRNA 4516 up-regulation and miRNA 145 down-regulation as independent determinants of HT. Further studies performed in the light of our findings may lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis and new therapeutic possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülsüm Özkan
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Ulusoy
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Elif Geyik
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Genometri Biotech, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Yunus Erdem
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Amela Jusic
- From the Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina (A.J.)
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health (Y.D.)
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27
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Watson AMD, Gould EAM, Penfold SA, Lambert GW, Pratama PR, Dai A, Gray SP, Head GA, Jandeleit-Dahm KA. Diabetes and Hypertension Differentially Affect Renal Catecholamines and Renal Reactive Oxygen Species. Front Physiol 2019; 10:309. [PMID: 31040788 PMCID: PMC6477025 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with diabetic hypertensive nephropathy have accelerated disease progression. Diabetes and hypertension have both been associated with changes in renal catecholamines and reactive oxygen species. With a specific focus on renal catecholamines and oxidative stress we examined a combined model of hypertension and diabetes using normotensive BPN/3J and hypertensive BPH/2J Schlager mice. Induction of diabetes (5 × 55 mg/kg streptozotocin i.p.) did not change the hypertensive status of BPH/2J mice (telemetric 24 h avg. MAP, non-diabetic 131 ± 2 vs. diabetic 129 ± 1 mmHg, n.s at 9 weeks of study). Diabetes-associated albuminuria was higher in BPH/2J vs. diabetic BPN/3J (1205 + 196/-169 versus 496 + 67/-59 μg/24 h, p = 0.008). HPLC measurement of renal cortical norepinephrine and dopamine showed significantly greater levels in hypertensive mice whilst diabetes was associated with significantly lower catecholamine levels. Diabetic BPH/2J also had greater renal catecholamine levels than diabetic BPN/3J (diabetic: norepinephrine BPN/3J 40 ± 4, BPH/2J 91 ± 5, p = 0.010; dopamine: BPN/3J 2 ± 1; BPH/2J 3 ± 1 ng/mg total protein, p < 0.001 after 10 weeks of study). Diabetic BPH/2J showed greater cortical tubular immunostaining for monoamine oxidase A and cortical mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide formation was greater in both diabetic and non-diabetic BPH/2J. While cytosolic catalase activity was greater in non-diabetic BPH/2J it was significantly lower in diabetic BPH/2J (cytosolic: BPH/2J 127 ± 12 vs. 63 ± 6 nmol/min/ml, p < 0.001). We conclude that greater levels of renal norepinephrine and dopamine associated with hypertension, together with diabetes-associated compromised anti-oxidant systems, contribute to increased renal oxidative stress in diabetes and hypertension. Elevations in renal cortical catecholamines and reactive oxygen species have important therapeutic implications for hypertensive diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M D Watson
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Sally A Penfold
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gavin W Lambert
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Aozhi Dai
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen P Gray
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Geoffrey A Head
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Karin A Jandeleit-Dahm
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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28
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Arif M, Sadayappan S, Becker RC, Martin LJ, Urbina EM. Epigenetic modification: a regulatory mechanism in essential hypertension. Hypertens Res 2019; 42:1099-1113. [PMID: 30867575 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0248-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Essential hypertension (EH) is a multifactorial disease of the cardiovascular system that is influenced by the interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. The molecular dynamics underlying EH etiopathogenesis is unknown; however, earlier studies have revealed EH-associated genetic variants. Nevertheless, this finding alone is not sufficient to explain the variability in blood pressure, suggesting that other risk factors are involved, such as epigenetic modifications. Therefore, this review highlights the potential contribution of well-defined epigenetic mechanisms in EH, specifically, DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications, and microRNAs. We further emphasize global and gene-specific DNA methylation as one of the most well-studied hallmarks among all epigenetic modifications in EH. In addition, post-translational histone modifications, such as methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation, are described as important epigenetic markers associated with EH. Finally, we discuss microRNAs that affect blood pressure by regulating master genes such as those implicated in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. These epigenetic modifications, which appear to contribute to various cardiovascular diseases, including EH, may be a promising research area for the development of novel future strategies for EH prevention and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Arif
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.,Division of Preventive Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Richard C Becker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Lisa J Martin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Elaine M Urbina
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
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29
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Yan Y, Shi R, Yu X, Sun C, Zang W, Tian H. Identification of atrial fibrillation-associated microRNAs in left and right atria of rheumatic mitral valve disease patients. Genes Genet Syst 2019; 94:23-34. [DOI: 10.1266/ggs.17-00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University
| | - Rui Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University
| | - Xiaojiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology of Xi’an Jiaotong University
| | - Chaofeng Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University
| | - Weijin Zang
- Department of Pharmacology of Xi’an Jiaotong University
| | - Hongyan Tian
- Department of Peripheral Vascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University
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30
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Gueguen C, Jackson KL, Marques FZ, Eikelis N, Phillips S, Stevenson ER, Charchar FJ, Lambert GW, Davern PJ, Head GA. Renal nerves contribute to hypertension in Schlager BPH/2J mice. Hypertens Res 2018; 42:306-318. [PMID: 30531841 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-018-0147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Schlager mice (BPH/2J) are hypertensive due to a greater contribution of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and renin-angiotensin system (RAS). The kidneys of BPH/2J are hyper-innervated suggesting renal nerves may contribute to the hypertension. We therefore determined the effect of bilateral renal denervation (RD) on hypertension in BPH/2J. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured by radiotelemetry before and for 3 weeks after RD in BPH/2J and BPN/3J. The effects of pentolinium and enalaprilat were examined to determine the contribution of the SNS and RAS, respectively. After 3 weeks, MAP was -10.9 ± 2.1 mmHg lower in RD BPH/2J compared to baseline and -2.1 ± 2.2 mmHg in sham BPH/2J (P < 0.001, n = 8-10). RD had no effect in BPN/3J (P > 0.1). The depressor response to pentolinium was greater in BPH/2J than BPN/3J, but in both cases the response in RD mice was similar to sham. Enalaprilat decreased MAP more in RD BPH/2J compared to sham (-12 vs -3 mmHg, P < 0.001) but had no effect in BPN/3J. RD reduced renal noradrenaline in both strains but more so in BPH/2J. RD reduced renin mRNA and protein, but not plasma renin in BPH/2J to levels comparable with BPN/3J mice. We conclude that renal nerves contribute to hypertension in BPH mice as RD induced a sustained fall in MAP, which was associated with a reduction of intrarenal renin expression. The lack of inhibition of the depressor effects of pentolinium and enalaprilat by RD suggests that vasoconstrictor effects of the SNS or RAS are not involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Gueguen
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kristy L Jackson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Francine Z Marques
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nina Eikelis
- Human Neurotransmitters Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia
| | - Sarah Phillips
- Human Neurotransmitters Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia
| | - Emily R Stevenson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Fadi J Charchar
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gavin W Lambert
- Human Neurotransmitters Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia
| | - Pamela J Davern
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Geoffrey A Head
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia. .,Department of Pharmacology Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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31
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Exercise Training-Induced Changes in MicroRNAs: Beneficial Regulatory Effects in Hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes, and Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113608. [PMID: 30445764 PMCID: PMC6275070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They are involved in the regulation of physiological processes, such as adaptation to physical exercise, and also in disease settings, such as systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), and obesity. In SAH, microRNAs play a significant role in the regulation of key signaling pathways that lead to the hyperactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, proliferation, and phenotypic change in smooth muscle cells, and the hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system. MicroRNAs are also involved in the regulation of insulin signaling and blood glucose levels in T2D, and participate in lipid metabolism, adipogenesis, and adipocyte differentiation in obesity, with specific microRNA signatures involved in the pathogenesis of each disease. Many studies report the benefits promoted by exercise training in cardiovascular diseases by reducing blood pressure, glucose levels, and improving insulin signaling and lipid metabolism. The molecular mechanisms involved, however, remain poorly understood, especially regarding the participation of microRNAs in these processes. This review aimed to highlight microRNAs already known to be associated with SAH, T2D, and obesity, as well as their possible regulation by exercise training.
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32
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Role of MicroRNAs in Renal Parenchymal Diseases-A New Dimension. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061797. [PMID: 29914215 PMCID: PMC6032378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery in 1993, numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified in humans and other eukaryotic organisms, and their role as key regulators of gene expression is still being elucidated. It is now known that miRNAs not only play a central role in the processes that ensure normal development and physiology, but they are often dysregulated in various diseases. In this review, we present an overview of the role of miRNAs in normal renal development and physiology, in maladaptive renal repair after injury, and in the pathogenesis of renal parenchymal diseases. In addition, we describe methods used for their detection and their potential as therapeutic targets. Continued research on renal miRNAs will undoubtedly improve our understanding of diseases affecting the kidneys and may also lead to new therapeutic agents.
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33
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Tsuneki H, Wada T, Sasaoka T. Chronopathophysiological implications of orexin in sleep disturbances and lifestyle-related disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 186:25-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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34
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Leimena C, Qiu H. Non-Coding RNA in the Pathogenesis, Progression and Treatment of Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E927. [PMID: 29561765 PMCID: PMC5979335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19040927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a complex, multifactorial disease that involves the coexistence of multiple risk factors, environmental factors and physiological systems. The complexities extend to the treatment and management of hypertension, which are still the pursuit of many researchers. In the last two decades, various genes have emerged as possible biomarkers and have become the target for investigations of specialized drug design based on its risk factors and the primary cause. Owing to the growing technology of microarrays and next-generation sequencing, the non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have increasingly gained attention, and their status of redundancy has flipped to importance in normal cellular processes, as well as in disease progression. The ncRNA molecules make up a significant portion of the human genome, and their role in diseases continues to be uncovered. Specifically, the cellular role of these ncRNAs has played a part in the pathogenesis of hypertension and its progression to heart failure. This review explores the function of the ncRNAs, their types and biology, the current update of their association with hypertension pathology and the potential new therapeutic regime for hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Leimena
- Department of Basic Sciences, Physiological Division, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92324, USA.
| | - Hongyu Qiu
- Department of Basic Sciences, Physiological Division, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92324, USA.
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35
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Jackson KL, Marques FZ, Lim K, Davern PJ, Head GA. Circadian Differences in the Contribution of the Brain Renin-Angiotensin System in Genetically Hypertensive Mice. Front Physiol 2018; 9:231. [PMID: 29615926 PMCID: PMC5868475 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Genetically hypertensive BPH/2J mice are recognized as a neurogenic model of hypertension, primarily based on sympathetic overactivity and greater neuronal activity in cardiovascular regulatory brain regions. Greater activity of the central renin angiotensin system (RAS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) reportedly contribute to other models of hypertension. Importantly the peripheral RAS contributes to the hypertension in BPH/2J mice, predominantly during the dark period of the 24 h light cycle. The aim of the present study was to determine whether central AT1 receptor stimulation and the associated ROS signaling contribute to hypertension in BPH/2J mice in a circadian dependent manner. Methods: Blood pressure (BP) was measured in BPH/2J and normotensive BPN/3J mice (n = 7–8) via pre-implanted telemetry devices. Acute intracerebroventricular (ICV) microinjections of AT1 receptor antagonist, candesartan, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic, tempol, were administered during the dark and light period of the 24 h light cycle via a pre-implanted ICV guide cannula. In separate mice, the BP effect of ICV infusion of the AT1 receptor antagonist losartan for 7 days was compared with subcutaneous infusion to determine the contribution of the central RAS to hypertension in BPH/2J mice. Results: Candesartan administered ICV during the dark period induced depressor responses which were 40% smaller in BPH/2J than BPN/3J mice (Pstrain < 0.05), suggesting AT1 receptor stimulation may contribute less to BP maintenance in BPH/2J mice. During the light period candesartan had minimal effect on BP in either strain. ICV tempol had comparable effects on BP between strains during the light and dark period (Pstrain > 0.08), suggesting ROS signaling is also not contributing to the hypertension in BPH/2J mice. Chronic ICV administration of losartan (22 nmol/h) had minimal effect on BPN/3J mice. By contrast in BPH/2J mice, both ICV and subcutaneously administered losartan induced similar hypotensive responses (−12.1 ± 1.8 vs. −14.7 ± 1.8 mmHg, Proute = 0.31). Conclusion: While central effects of peripheral losartan cannot be excluded, we suggest the hypotensive effect of chronic ICV losartan was likely peripherally mediated. Thus, based on both acute and chronic AT1 receptor inhibition and acute ROS inhibition, our findings suggest that greater activation of central AT1 receptors or ROS are unlikely to be mediating the hypertension in BPH/2J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy L Jackson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Francine Z Marques
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Victoria, VIC, Australia.,Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kyungjoon Lim
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, Latrobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Pamela J Davern
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Geoffrey A Head
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Victoria, VIC, Australia
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Abstract
Purpose of Review Hypertension is either a cause or a consequence of the endothelial dysfunction and a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In vitro and in vivo studies established that microRNAs (miRNAs) are decisive for endothelial cell gene expression and function in various pathological conditions associated with CVD. This review provides an overview of the miRNA role in controlling the key connections between endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. Recent Findings Herein we summarize the present understanding of mechanisms underlying hypertension and its associated endothelial dysfunction as well as the miRNA role in endothelial cells with accent on the modulation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system, nitric oxide, oxidative stress and on the control of vascular inflammation and angiogenesis in relation to endothelial dysfunction in hypertension. In particular, latest insights in the identification of endothelial-specific microRNAs and their targets are added to the understanding of miRNA significance in hypertension. Summary This comprehensive knowledge of the role of miRNAs in endothelial dysfunction and hypertension and of molecular mechanisms proposed for miRNA actions may offer novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for controlling hypertension-associated endothelial dysfunction and other cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miruna Nemecz
- Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology, 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, 8, BP Hasdeu Street, PO Box 35-14, 050568, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Alexandru
- Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology, 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, 8, BP Hasdeu Street, PO Box 35-14, 050568, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Tanko
- Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology, 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, 8, BP Hasdeu Street, PO Box 35-14, 050568, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Adriana Georgescu
- Department of Pathophysiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology, 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, 8, BP Hasdeu Street, PO Box 35-14, 050568, Bucharest, Romania.
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Morris BJ. Transcriptomics in Twins Separates Genetic From Environmental Effects on Gene Expression and Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2018; 71:406-408. [PMID: 29311255 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.10616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Morris
- From the School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Decoding resistant hypertension signalling pathways. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:2813-2834. [PMID: 29184046 DOI: 10.1042/cs20171398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Resistant hypertension (RH) is a clinical condition in which the hypertensive patient has become resistant to drug therapy and is often associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Several signalling pathways have been studied and related to the development and progression of RH: modulation of sympathetic activity by leptin and aldosterone, primary aldosteronism, arterial stiffness, endothelial dysfunction and variations in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). miRNAs comprise a family of small non-coding RNAs that participate in the regulation of gene expression at post-transcriptional level. miRNAs are involved in the development of both cardiovascular damage and hypertension. Little is known of the molecular mechanisms that lead to development and progression of this condition. This review aims to cover the potential roles of miRNAs in the mechanisms associated with the development and consequences of RH, and explore the current state of the art of diagnostic and therapeutic tools based on miRNA approaches.
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Positive allosteric modulation of GABAA receptors attenuates high blood pressure in Schlager hypertensive mice. J Hypertens 2017; 35:546-557. [PMID: 28009705 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Blood pressure high Schlager (BPH/2J) mice have neurogenic hypertension associated with differences in hypothalamic GABAA receptors compared with their normotensive counterparts (BPN/3J). Allopregnanolone is an endogenous neurosteroid reduced in chronic stress, and when administered, decreases anxiety by positive allosteric modulation of GABAA receptors. METHODS To determine if allopregnanolone could be a viable therapeutic for neurogenic hypertension, male BPH/2J (n = 6-7) and BPN/3J (n = 8-9) mice were equipped with radiotelemetry probes to compare cardiovascular variables before and after implantation of subcutaneous minipumps delivering allopregnanolone (5 mg/kg per day), or its vehicle, for a period of 2 weeks. In addition to baseline recordings, the response to stress and ganglionic blockade with pentolinium was recorded, before and 7-14 days after minipump implantation. Following treatment, brains were processed for c-Fos immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Administration of allopregnanolone selectively reduced mean arterial pressure (-8.0 ± 2.7 mmHg; P = 0.02) and the depressor response to pentolinium (-15.3 ± 3.2 mmHg; P = 0.001) in BPH/2J mice, with minimal effects observed in BPN/3J mice. Following allopregnanolone treatment, the diminished expression of GABAA δ, α4 and β2 subunits in the hypothalamus (-1.6 to 4.8-fold; Pstrain < 0.05) was abolished. Furthermore, in BPH/2J mice, allopregnanolone treatment reduced the pressor response to dirty cage switch stress (-26.7 ± 4.5%; P < 0.001) and abolished the elevated c-Fos expression in pre-sympathetic nuclei. CONCLUSION The selective antihypertensive and stress inhibitory effects of allopregnanolone in BPH/2J mice suggest that allosteric modulation of GABAA receptors, in amygdalo-hypothalamic pathways, may contribute to the development of hypertension in this model and may offer a potential new therapeutic avenue.
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de Lucia C, Komici K, Borghetti G, Femminella GD, Bencivenga L, Cannavo A, Corbi G, Ferrara N, Houser SR, Koch WJ, Rengo G. microRNA in Cardiovascular Aging and Age-Related Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017; 4:74. [PMID: 28660188 PMCID: PMC5466994 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, life expectancy has significantly increased although several chronic diseases persist in the population, with aging as the leading risk factor. Despite improvements in diagnosis and treatment, many elderlies suffer from cardiovascular problems that are much more frequent in an older, more fragile organism. In the long term, age-related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) contribute to the decline of quality of life and ability to perform normal activities of daily living. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level in both physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we will focus on the role of miRNAs in aging and age-related CVDs as heart failure, hypertension, atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation, and diabetes mellitus. miRNAs are key regulators of complex biological mechanisms, representing an exciting potential therapeutic target in CVDs. Moreover, one major challenge in geriatric medicine is to find reliable biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of the response to specific drugs. miRNAs represent a very promising tool due to their stability in the circulation and unique signature in CVDs. However, further studies are needed to investigate their translational potential in the real clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio de Lucia
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Klara Komici
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Borghetti
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Grazia Daniela Femminella
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bencivenga
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cannavo
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Graziamaria Corbi
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Nicola Ferrara
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Scientific Institute of Telese Terme, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, IRCCS, Benevento, Italy
| | - Steven R Houser
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Walter J Koch
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Giuseppe Rengo
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Scientific Institute of Telese Terme, Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, IRCCS, Benevento, Italy
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Huber MJ, Chen QH, Shan Z. The Orexin System and Hypertension. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 38:385-391. [PMID: 28349223 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0487-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we focus on the role of orexin signaling in blood pressure control and its potential link to hypertension by summarizing evidence from several experimental animal models of hypertension. Studies using the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) animal model of human essential hypertension show that pharmacological blockade of orexin receptors reduces blood pressure in SHRs but not in Wistar-Kyoto rats. In addition, increased activity of the orexin system contributes to elevated blood pressure and sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) in dark-active period Schlager hypertensive (BPH/2J) mice, another genetic model of neurogenic hypertension. Similar to these two models, Sprague-Dawley rats with stress-induced hypertension display an overactive central orexin system. Furthermore, upregulation of the orexin receptor 1 increases firing of hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus neurons, augments SNA, and contributes to hypertension in the obese Zucker rat, an animal model of obesity-related hypertension. Finally, we propose a hypothesis for the implication of the orexin system in salt-sensitive hypertension. All of this evidence, coupled with the important role of elevated SNA in increasing blood pressure, strongly suggests that hyperactivity of the orexin system contributes to hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Huber
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, SDC 231, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Qing-Hui Chen
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, SDC 231, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Zhiying Shan
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, SDC 231, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA.
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Bockmeyer CL, Säuberlich K, Wittig J, Eßer M, Roeder SS, Vester U, Hoyer PF, Agustian PA, Zeuschner P, Amann K, Daniel C, Becker JU. Comparison of different normalization strategies for the analysis of glomerular microRNAs in IgA nephropathy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31992. [PMID: 27553688 PMCID: PMC4995590 DOI: 10.1038/srep31992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) have been used for normalization in glomerular microRNA (miRNA) quantification without confirmation of validity. Our aim was to identify glomerular reference miRNAs in IgA nephropathy. We compared miRNAs in human paraffin-embedded renal biopsies from patients with cellular-crescentic IgA-GN (n = 5; crescentic IgA-GN) and non-crescentic IgA-GN (n = 5; IgA-GN) to mild interstitial nephritis without glomerular abnormalities (controls, n = 5). Laser-microdissected glomeruli were used for expression profiling of 762 miRNAs by low-density TaqMan arrays (cards A and B). The comparison of different normalization methods (GeNormPlus, NormFinder, global mean and snoRNAs) in crescentic IgA-GN, IgA-GN and controls yielded similar results. However, levels of significance and the range of relative expression differed. In median, two normalization methods demonstrated similar results. GeNormPlus and NormFinder gave different top ranked reference miRNAs. Stability ranking for snoRNAs varied between cards A and B. In conclusion, we suggest the geometric mean of the most stable reference miRNAs found in GeNormPlus (miR-26b-5p), NormFinder (miR-28-5p) and snoRNAs (RNU44) as reference. It should be considered that significant differences could be missed using one particular normalization method. As a starting point for glomerular miRNA studies in IgA nephropathy we provide a library of miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens L Bockmeyer
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Karen Säuberlich
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Juliane Wittig
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marc Eßer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian S Roeder
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Udo Vester
- Children's Hospital, Pediatrics II, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter F Hoyer
- Children's Hospital, Pediatrics II, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Putri A Agustian
- Department of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Philip Zeuschner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Daniel
- Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan U Becker
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Klimczak D, Jazdzewski K, Kuch M. Regulatory mechanisms in arterial hypertension: role of microRNA in pathophysiology and therapy. Blood Press 2016; 26:2-8. [PMID: 27177042 DOI: 10.3109/08037051.2016.1167355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple factors underlie the pathophysiology of hypertension, involving endothelial dysregulation, vascular smooth muscle dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, sympathetic nervous system activation and altered renin -angiotensin -aldosterone regulatory activity. A class of non-coding RNA called microRNA, consisting of 17-25 nucleotides, exert regulatory function over these processes. This paper summarizes the currently available data from preclinical and clinical studies on miRNA in the development of hypertension as well as the impact of anti-hypertensive treatment on their plasma expression. We present microRNAs' characteristics, their biogenesis and role in the regulation of blood pressure together with their potential diagnostic and therapeutic application in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Klimczak
- a Division of Heart Failure and Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Cardiology, Hypertension and Internal Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland.,b Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Krystian Jazdzewski
- c Genomic Medicine , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland.,d Laboratory of Human Cancer Genetics, Centre of New Technologies, CENT , University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Marek Kuch
- e Department of Cardiology, Hypertension and Internal Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine , Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
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Marques FZ, Vizi D, Khammy O, Mariani JA, Kaye DM. The transcardiac gradient of cardio-microRNAs in the failing heart. Eur J Heart Fail 2016; 18:1000-8. [DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francine Z. Marques
- Heart Failure Research Group; Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute VIC; Australia
| | - Donna Vizi
- Heart Centre; Alfred Hospital; Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - Ouda Khammy
- Heart Failure Research Group; Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute VIC; Australia
| | - Justin A. Mariani
- Heart Failure Research Group; Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute VIC; Australia
- Heart Centre; Alfred Hospital; Melbourne VIC Australia
| | - David M. Kaye
- Heart Failure Research Group; Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute VIC; Australia
- Heart Centre; Alfred Hospital; Melbourne VIC Australia
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Jackson KL, Dampney BW, Moretti JL, Stevenson ER, Davern PJ, Carrive P, Head GA. Contribution of Orexin to the Neurogenic Hypertension in BPH/2J Mice. Hypertension 2016; 67:959-69. [PMID: 26975709 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.07053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BPH/2J mice are a genetic model of hypertension associated with an overactive sympathetic nervous system. Orexin is a neuropeptide which influences sympathetic activity and blood pressure. Orexin precursor mRNA expression is greater in hypothalamic tissue of BPH/2J compared with normotensive BPN/3J mice. To determine whether enhanced orexinergic signaling contributes to the hypertension, BPH/2J and BPN/3J mice were preimplanted with radiotelemetry probes to compare blood pressure 1 hour before and 5 hours after administration of almorexant, an orexin receptor antagonist. Mid frequency mean arterial pressure power and the depressor response to ganglion blockade were also used as indicators of sympathetic nervous system activity. Administration of almorexant at 100 (IP) and 300 mg/kg (oral) in BPH/2J mice during the dark-active period (2 hours after lights off) markedly reduced blood pressure (-16.1 ± 1.6 and -11.0 ± 1.1 mm Hg, respectively;P<0.001 compared with vehicle). However, when almorexant (100 mg/kg, IP) was administered during the light-inactive period (5 hours before lights off) no reduction from baseline was observed (P=0.64). The same dose of almorexant in BPN/3J mice had no effect on blood pressure during the dark (P=0.79) or light periods (P=0.24). Almorexant attenuated the depressor response to ganglion blockade (P=0.018) and reduced the mid frequency mean arterial pressure power in BPH/2J mice (P<0.001), but not BPN/3J mice (P=0.70). Immunohistochemical labeling revealed that BPH/2J mice have 29% more orexin neurons than BPN/3J mice which are preferentially located in the lateral hypothalamus. The results suggest that enhanced orexinergic signaling contributes to sympathetic overactivity and hypertension during the dark period in BPH/2J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy L Jackson
- From the Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (K.L.J., J.-L.M., E.R.S., P.J.D., G.A.H.); Blood Pressure, Brain and Behavior Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (B.W.D., P.C.); and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (G.A.H.)
| | - Bruno W Dampney
- From the Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (K.L.J., J.-L.M., E.R.S., P.J.D., G.A.H.); Blood Pressure, Brain and Behavior Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (B.W.D., P.C.); and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (G.A.H.)
| | - John-Luis Moretti
- From the Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (K.L.J., J.-L.M., E.R.S., P.J.D., G.A.H.); Blood Pressure, Brain and Behavior Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (B.W.D., P.C.); and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (G.A.H.)
| | - Emily R Stevenson
- From the Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (K.L.J., J.-L.M., E.R.S., P.J.D., G.A.H.); Blood Pressure, Brain and Behavior Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (B.W.D., P.C.); and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (G.A.H.)
| | - Pamela J Davern
- From the Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (K.L.J., J.-L.M., E.R.S., P.J.D., G.A.H.); Blood Pressure, Brain and Behavior Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (B.W.D., P.C.); and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (G.A.H.)
| | - Pascal Carrive
- From the Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (K.L.J., J.-L.M., E.R.S., P.J.D., G.A.H.); Blood Pressure, Brain and Behavior Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (B.W.D., P.C.); and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (G.A.H.)
| | - Geoffrey A Head
- From the Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (K.L.J., J.-L.M., E.R.S., P.J.D., G.A.H.); Blood Pressure, Brain and Behavior Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (B.W.D., P.C.); and Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (G.A.H.).
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Santovito D, Egea V, Weber C. Small but smart: MicroRNAs orchestrate atherosclerosis development and progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2015; 1861:2075-2086. [PMID: 26738655 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA able to bind specific sequences on target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and thereby to post-transcriptionally modulate gene expression. Being expressed in all vertebrate cell types, miRNAs have emerged as key players in a wide array of biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Over the past decade, knowledge concerning the contribution of miRNAs to human pathology has grown with an astonishing pace. In particular, a major involvement of miRNAs in atherosclerosis as a leading cause of global mortality has been supported by ample evidence from in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. This review aims to summarize and highlight current concepts of miRNA function in the continuum of atherogenesis ranging from risk factors (i.e. dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension), to endothelial dysfunction up to the events leading to plaque rupture. Areas in need for further research and potential perspectives for translational applications will be scrutinized. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: MicroRNAs and lipid/energy metabolism and related diseases edited by Carlos Fernández-Hernando and Yajaira Suárez.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Santovito
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Virginia Egea
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
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Wang HB, Yang J. The role of renin-angiotensin aldosterone system related micro-ribonucleic acids in hypertension. Saudi Med J 2015; 36:1151-5. [PMID: 26446323 PMCID: PMC4621718 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2015.10.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are small (21-25 nucleotide) single-stranded, evolutionarily conserved non-protein-coding RNAs, which control diverse cellular functions by interacting with the 3' untranslated region of specific target messenger RNAs at the post-transcriptional level. Research shows that an aberrant expression profile of miRNAs has been linked to a series of diseases, including hypertension. In the past few decades, it has been demonstrated that excessive activation of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) involves in the pathogenesis of hypertension. This article reviews the latest insights in the identification of RAAS-correlative miRNAs and the potential mechanisms for their roles in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Bo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei Province, Hubei, China. E-mail.
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Marques FZ, Romaine SP, Denniff M, Eales J, Dormer J, Garrelds IM, Wojnar L, Musialik K, Duda-Raszewska B, Kiszka B, Duda M, Morris BJ, Samani NJ, Danser AJ, Bogdanski P, Zukowska-Szczechowska E, Charchar FJ, Tomaszewski M. Signatures of miR-181a on the Renal Transcriptome and Blood Pressure. Mol Med 2015; 21:739-748. [PMID: 26322847 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2015.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-181a binds to the 3' untranslated region of messenger RNA (mRNA) for renin, a rate-limiting enzyme of the renin-angiotensin system. Our objective was to determine whether this molecular interaction translates into a clinically meaningful effect on blood pressure and whether circulating miR-181a is a measurable proxy of blood pressure. In 200 human kidneys from the TRANScriptome of renaL humAn TissuE (TRANSLATE) study, renal miR-181a was the sole negative predictor of renin mRNA and a strong correlate of circulating miR-181a. Elevated miR-181a levels correlated positively with systolic and diastolic blood pressure in TRANSLATE, and this association was independent of circulating renin. The association between serum miR-181a and systolic blood pressure was replicated in 199 subjects from the Genetic Regulation of Arterial Pressure of Humans In the Community (GRAPHIC) study. Renal immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization showed that colocalization of miR-181a and renin was most prominent in collecting ducts where renin is not released into the systemic circulation. Analysis of 69 human kidneys characterized by RNA sequencing revealed that miR-181a was associated with downregulation of four mitochondrial pathways and upregulation of 41 signaling cascades of adaptive immunity and inflammation. We conclude that renal miR-181a has pleiotropic effects on pathways relevant to blood pressure regulation and that circulating levels of miR-181a are both a measurable proxy of renal miR-181a expression and a novel biochemical correlate of blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Z Marques
- Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Applied and Biomedical Sciences, Federation University Australia, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon Pr Romaine
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Denniff
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - James Eales
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - John Dormer
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Ingrid M Garrelds
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lukasz Wojnar
- Department of Urology and Oncological Urology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Musialik
- Department of Education and Obesity Treatment and Metabolic Disorders, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Barbara Duda-Raszewska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Bartlomiej Kiszka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Magdalena Duda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Brian J Morris
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Leicester National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Ah Jan Danser
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pawel Bogdanski
- Department of Education and Obesity Treatment and Metabolic Disorders, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Zukowska-Szczechowska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Fadi J Charchar
- Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Applied and Biomedical Sciences, Federation University Australia, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Morris BJ, Dampney RAL. Brain-stem microRNAs implicated in hypertension. Physiol Genomics 2015; 47:386-7. [PMID: 26242934 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00079.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Morris
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roger A L Dampney
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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